hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008–09 Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team
The 2008–09 Penn State Nittany Lions basketball team represented Pennsylvania State University and completed the season by winning the 2009 National Invitation Tournament over the Baylor Bears at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Head Coach, Ed DeChellis, coached his sixth season with the team. The team played its home games in University Park, Pennsylvania at the Bryce Jordan Center, which has a capacity of 15,261, for the twelfth consecutive season. The season marked the team's sixteenth consecutive season as a member of the Big Ten Conference.

Ed DeChellis
Edward Richard DeChellis (born November 14, 1958) is an American former college basketball coach. He most recently was the head men's basketball coach at the United States Naval Academy from 2011 to 2025. Previously he was the head coach at Penn State from 2003 to 2011 and at East Tennessee State from 1996 to 2003. At Penn State, DeChellis led the Nittany Lions to an NIT title in 2009 and an NCAA tournament berth in 2011. DeChellis' years at East Tennessee State yielded three conference division titles and one NCAA tournament berth. He was named the head coach at Navy in 2011, following the departure of Billy Lange.

DeChellis received the 2009 Big Ten Coach of the Year award and 2006 National Coaches vs. Cancer Man of the Year. He was born in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania suburb of Monaca and has three daughters with his wife Kim.
Barumini
Barumini (Sardinian: Barùmini) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Medio Campidano in the Italian region of  Sardinia, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Sanluri.

Barumini borders the following municipalities: Gergei, Gesturi, Las Plassas, Tuili, Villanovafranca.

It is home to Su Nuraxi di Barumini, a Nuraghe complex listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Las Plassas
Las Plassas (Sardinian: Is Pratzas) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Medio Campidano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 50 kilometres (31 miles) north of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 miles) northeast of Sanluri.

Las Plassas borders the following municipalities: Barumini, Pauli Arbarei, Tuili, Villamar, Villanovafranca.
Hereford Times
The Hereford Times is a weekly tabloid newspaper published every Thursday in Hereford, England. Its offices are based in Rotherwas. The editor is Alicia Kelly. The newspaper covers events across the county of Herefordshire as well as some on the outskirts of Worcestershire.

The newspaper was founded as a broadsheet in 1832 by Charles Anthony and until recently was published in two separate editions, the North County edition and the City & South edition.

The newspaper is owned by Newsquest Media Group.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
Macula
The macula (/ˈmækjʊlə/), in full macula lutea, is an oval-shaped pigmented area in the center of the retina of the human eye and in other animals. The macula in humans has a diameter of around 5.5 mm (0.22 in) and is subdivided into the umbo, foveola, foveal avascular zone, fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas.

The anatomical macula, at a size of 5.5 mm (0.22 in), is much larger than the clinical macula, which, at a size of 1.5 mm (0.059 in), corresponds to the anatomical fovea.

The macula is responsible for the central, high-resolution, color vision that is possible in good light. This kind of vision is impaired if the macula is damaged, as in macular degeneration. The clinical macula is seen when viewed from the pupil, as in ophthalmoscopy or retinal photography.

The term macula lutea comes from Latin macula, "spot", and lutea, "yellow".

Fundus photography
Fundus photography involves photographing the rear of an eye, also known as the fundus. Specialized fundus cameras consisting of an intricate microscope attached to a flash enabled camera are used in fundus photography. The main structures that can be visualized on a fundus photo are the central and peripheral retina, optic disc and macula. Fundus photography can be performed with colored filters, or with specialized dyes including fluorescein and indocyanine green.

The models and technology of fundus photography have advanced and evolved rapidly over the last century.
Eduardo Zamacois y Zabala
Eduardo Zamacois y Zabala (2 July 1841 – 12 January 1871) was a Spanish Academic painter who specialized in small-scale canvases. He was the father of the French writer Miguel Zamacoïs, brother of the writer Niceto de Zamacois, the singer Elisa Zamacois and the actor Ricardo Zamacois, and also an uncle of the writer Eduardo Zamacois and the music composer Joaquín Zamacois.

Niceto de Zamacois
Juan Niceto de Zamacois y Urrutia (20 March 1820 in Bilbao – 29 September 1885 in Mexico City) was a Spanish journalist, playwright, poet, novelist and historian resident in Mexico. He was half-brother of the painter Eduardo Zamacois y Zabala, the singer Elisa Zamacois, and the actor Ricardo Zamacois, and also was uncle of the writers Miguel Zamacoïs and Eduardo Zamacois, and the music composer Joaquín Zamacois.
Balmerino Parish Church
Balmerino Parish Church is a Church of Scotland parish church in Bottomcraig, Fife, Scotland. The church sits in the centre of the small village where it was built in 1811. It is situated across the road from the accompanying manse constructed in 1816.

Gauldry
Gauldry, locally sometimes The Gauldry, is a village in Fife, Scotland. It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of Newport on Tay, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-east of Balmerino, and 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of Bottomcraig. It is also known as the home of Paterson Skip Hire (PSH).

The village is home to Balmerino Primary School and the Morison Duncan Hall. A pop-up post office operates on Wednesdays in the Morison Duncan Hall where all post office services are provided.
Recovery (1793 ship)
Recovery was built at Liverpool in 1793. She was a West Indiaman that sailed under a letter of marque. The French privateer Courageaux captured her in 1799. She returned to British ownership by 1800 and continued to trade until she foundered in June 1818 on her way from Hull to Miramichi Bay.

Courageaux (1798 ship)
Courageaux was commissioned in Bordeaux in 1798. She made two cruises as a privateer before HMS Alcmene captured her in 1799. The British Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Lutine. She had a brief operational life in the Royal Navy, serving primarily as a prison ship. At the end of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1802, the Royal Navy sold her in the Mediterranean.
Ritwik Ghatak
Ritwik Kumar Ghatak (listenⓘ; 4 November 1925 – 6 February 1976) was an Indian film director, screenwriter, actor and playwright. Widely considered as one of the greatest film makers of all time, his works remained largely underrated and ignored during his lifetime. Along with prominent contemporary Bengali filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, Tapan Sinha and Mrinal Sen, his cinema is primarily remembered for its meticulous depiction of social reality, partition and feminism. He won the National Film Award's Rajat Kamal Award for Best Story in 1974 for his Jukti Takko Aar Gappo and Best Director's Award from Bangladesh Cine Journalist's Association for Titash Ekti Nadir Naam. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri for Arts in 1970.

Kumar Shahani
Kumar Shahani (7 December 1940 – 24 February 2024) was an Indian film director and screenwriter, best known for his parallel cinema films Maya Darpan (1972), Tarang (1984), Khayal Gatha (1989) and Kasba (1990). His films won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Film in 1972, 1990 and 1991. Due to his dedication to formalism, and with the reputation of his first feature—Maya Darpan being considered among Indian cinema's first formalist films—critics and film enthusiasts often associated him with filmmakers such as Pier Paolo Pasolini, Andrei Tarkovsky and Jacques Rivette. He was also known as a teacher at his alma mater, the Film and Television Institute of India, and as a theorist of cinema. His book of 51 essays Kumar Shahani: The Shock of Desire and Other Essays, was edited by Ashish Rajadhyaksha and published by Tulika Books in 2015.
Shuzenji, Shizuoka
Shuzenji (修善寺町, Shuzenji-chō) was a town located in Tagata District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, in central Izu Peninsula.

As of March 1, 2004, final population data before the amalgamation, the town had an estimated population of 16,328 and a density of 236.5 persons per km2. The total area was 69.04 km2.

On April 1, 2004 Shuzenji, along with the towns of Amagiyugashima, Nakaizu and Toi (all from Tagata District), was merged to create the city of Izu.

Shuzenji was located in an inland region of Izu Peninsula and was noted for its numerous onsen hot spring resorts. The area was also noted for its production of wasabi and shiitake.

The town of Shuzenji was founded on April 1, 1889 within Kimisawa District, Shizuoka. In 1896, Kimisawa District was abolished and became part of Tagata District.

Izu, Shizuoka
Izu (伊豆市, Izu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [i.(d)zɯ, i.(d)zɯꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in central Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the city had an estimated population of 30,678 in 13,390 households, and a population density of 84 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 363.97 square kilometres (140.53 sq mi).
Marshalltown Ansons
The Marshalltown Ansons were a minor league baseball team that played in the Central Association from 1914 to 1917 and in the Mississippi Valley League from 1922 to 1928. They were located in Marshalltown, Iowa.

Marshalltown, Iowa
Marshalltown is a city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States and the county seat of the county. The population was 27,591 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 27,886 in 2024, making it the 17th-most populous city in Iowa. Marshalltown is home to the Iowa Veterans Home and Marshalltown Community College.
Białystok Ghetto
The Białystok Ghetto (Polish: getto w Białymstoku) was a Nazi ghetto set up by the German SS between July 26 and early August 1941 in the newly formed District of Bialystok within occupied Poland. About 50,000 Jews from the vicinity of Białystok and the surrounding region were confined into a small area of the city, which was turned into the district's capital. The ghetto was split in two by the Biała River running through it (see map). Most inmates were put to work in the slave-labor enterprises for the German war effort, primarily in large textile, shoe and chemical companies operating inside and outside its boundaries. The ghetto was liquidated in November 1943. Its inhabitants were transported in Holocaust trains to the Majdanek concentration camp and Treblinka extermination camps. Only a few hundred survived the war, either by hiding in the Polish sector of the city, escape following the Bialystok Ghetto Uprising, or by surviving the camps.

Lipowa Street, Białystok
Lipowa Street is a representative street at the center of Białystok, Poland, running from the Kościuszko Square (corner of Spółdzielcza Street) to Romana Dmowskiego Niepodległości Square (corner of Krakowska street). The street is made up of low buildings mostly of 2-3 floors with various shops, offices and restaurants located at the ground floor.
Money Island (Branford, Connecticut)
Money Island is one of the Thimble Islands off Stony Creek, a section of Branford, Connecticut. It is named after a legend that Captain Kidd buried his treasure there. The island, 12 acres (49,000 m2) in size, bears an entire village of 32 houses, a post office, and one library. Former buildings included a school, a church, and a grocery store. There are three roads and several piers. At this time, none of the houses are occupied year-round.

The three roads are Montowese Avenue, Pequot Avenue, and Kidd's Lane.

Branford, Connecticut
Branford is a shoreline town located on Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, about 6 miles (10 km) east of downtown New Haven. The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region. Branford borders East Haven to the west, Guilford to the east, and North Branford to the north. The population was 28,273 in the 2020 census.
ISO 639:k
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with K.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:f
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with F.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
Vittorio Pozzo
Vittorio Pozzo (Italian pronunciation: [vitˈtɔːrjo ˈpottso]; 2 March 1886  – 21 December 1968) was an Italian football player, manager and journalist.

The creator of the Metodo tactical formation, Pozzo is regarded as one of the greatest managers of all time, and is the only manager to guide a national team to two FIFA World Cup titles as coach, leading the Italy national team to victory in the 1934 and 1938 FIFA World Cups. Nicknamed Il Vecchio Maestro ("The Old Master"), he also led Italy to a gold medal at the 1936 Olympic football tournament, becoming the only manager to win both Olympic Games and World Cup, and managed the Italian championship squads of the 1930 and 1935 editions of the Central European International Cup.

Oriundo
The terms oriunda (feminine) and oriundo (masculine) (pronounced [oˈrjundo] (pronounced [oˈrjunda]; Italian plural oriundi) is an Italian and Portuguese noun describing an immigrant in a country, whose ancestry is from that same country. It comes from the Latin verb oriri (orior), "be born", and is etymologically related to Orient.

In Spanish oriundo means native or inhabitant, but this term was also used in Spain to refer to a series of athletes, born in Latin America, whose ancestors were Spanish emigrants. In Italian culture, an oriundo is someone who is living in a country other than the one of his or her origins (i.e. being of Italian descent and residing outside of Italy). Oriundi are usually foreigners to their country of origin in legal terms. Whether or not they maintain cultural and linguistic ties with their country of origin usually depends on their upbringing, family background and preservation of cultural values.
Pharaoh in Islam
The story of Moses in Islam includes his interaction with the ruler of Egypt, named Pharaoh (Arabic: فرعون, romanized: fir'aun). The earlier story of Joseph in Islam refers to the Egyptian ruler as a king (Arabic: ملك, romanized: malik). The story of Pharaoh is revealed in various passages throughout the Quran. He is first mentioned in Q2:49:

۝Remember when we delivered you from the people of Pharaoh, who grievously oppressed you, they slew your male children, and let your females live: Therein was a great trial from your Lord.

In the Quran, Pharaoh drowned, but God said that he preserved the pharaoh's body as an example for generations to come (or made an example for coming generations). Pharaoh is last mentioned in 89:10.

Adh-Dhariyat
Adh-Dhariyat  (Arabic: الذاريات, adh-dhāriyāt; meaning: The Winnowing Winds) is the 51st chapter (surah) of the Qur'an with 60 verses (ayat). It mentions Abraham, Noah, and the day of judgment, and reiterates the essential Quranic message.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the  believed revelation  (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.
Cheema Khurd
Cheema Khurd is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. In the Persian language, Kalan is translated as 'big' and Khurd as 'small'. Cheema Khurd is situated beside Cheema Kalan.
It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the sub district headquarter and 29 kilometres (18 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.

Cheema Kalan
Cheema Kalan is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. In the Persian language, Kalan is translated as 'big' and Khurd  as 'small'. Cheema Kalan is situated beside Cheema Khurd.
It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the  sub district headquarter and 28 kilometres (17 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.
Leung Kwan
Leung Kwan (Chinese: 梁坤; pinyin: Liáng Kūn; 1815–1887), popularly nicknamed "Iron Bridge Three" or "Tit Kiu Sam", was known as 'the great master of the Hong Fist' and was one of the Ten Tigers of Canton, a group of ten of the top Chinese martial arts masters in Guangdong towards the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912).

Ten Tigers of Canton
Ten Tigers of Canton or Ten Tigers of Guangdong refers to a group of ten Chinese martial artists from Guangdong Province lived around the 19th century during the Qing dynasty in China. They were said to be the greatest fighters in Guangdong during the Qing era. Much of their existence has been embellished by folk legends and stories passed down from generation to generation.
The Good-Humoured Ladies
The Good-Humoured Ladies (Le donne de buon umore) is a ballet with scenery and costumes by Léon Bakst, choreography by Léonide Massine, and music arranged from sonatas of Domenico Scarlatti by Vincenzo Tommasini.  Written in 1917, the piece was based on a comedy by Carlo Goldoni; its plot concerns the diversions of a count disguised as a woman, at a carnival. It was produced in Rome in April 1917 by Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes.

The ballet was later arranged into a suite for orchestra, in six movements:

I: Overture (Allegro)

II. Presto

III: Allegro

IV: Andante

V: Tempo di ballo (Non presto)

VI: Cat's Fugue and Finale (Presto).

The Scarlatti sonatas adapted for the ballet are:

G major, K. 2, L. 388, P. 58

D major, K. 435, L. 361, P. 466

B minor, K. 87, L. 33, P. 43

G major, K. 455, L. 209, P. 354

G minor, K. 30, L. 499, P. 86 (Cat's Fugue)

D major, K. 430, L. 463, P. 463

F major, K. 445, L. 385, P. 468.

Léonide Massine
Leonid Fyodorovich Myasin (Russian: Леони́д Фёдорович Мя́син), better known in the West by the French transliteration as Léonide Massine (9 August [O.S. 28 July] 1896 – 15 March 1979), was a Russian choreographer and ballet dancer. Massine created the world's first symphonic ballet, Les Présages, and many others in the same vein. Besides his "symphonic ballets," Massine choreographed many other popular works during his long career, some of which were serious and dramatic, and others lighthearted and romantic. He created some of his most famous roles in his own comic works, among them the Can-Can Dancer in La Boutique fantasque (1919), the Hussar in Le Beau Danube (1924), and, perhaps best known of all, the Peruvian in Gaîté Parisienne (1938). Today his oeuvre is represented by his son Lorca Massine, who stages his works around the world.
LNER Thompson Class A2/1
Disambiguation: LNER Thompson Class A2

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Thompson Class A2/1 was a class of 4-6-2 steam locomotives built at Darlington locomotive works during 1944. They were originally ordered as Class V2 locomotives, as designed by Sir Nigel Gresley, but were revised during construction into a 4-6-2 'Pacific' arrangement under the instruction of Edward Thompson.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Taj Fisherman's Cove Resort & Spa
Taj Fisherman's Cove Resort & Spa, commonly called Fisherman's Cove, is a luxury beach resort near the coast of the Bay of Bengal in Chennai, India. Categorized as a 5-star deluxe resort by Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, it is a part of the chain of Taj Hotels, Resorts and Palaces and is classified under the group's leisure/resort hotels section. Owned by the Covelong Beach Hotels Limited, an associate of the Taj Group, the hotel is built on the ramparts of a ruined 18th-century Belgian castle.

Taj Hotels
Taj Hotels is a chain of luxury hotels and a subsidiary of the Indian Hotels Company Limited, headquartered in Mumbai, India. Incorporated by Jamsetji Tata in 1902, the company is a part of the Tata Group. The company employed over 20,000 people in the year 2010.
Danielson (band)
Danielson is an American rock band from Clarksboro, New Jersey, that plays indie pop gospel music. The group consists of frontman Daniel Smith and a number of various artists with whom he collaborates. Smith has also released solo work as Brother Danielson.

When joined by his family the band is known as Danielson Famile or Danielson Family, whose members have included Smith; his "siblings Andrew, David, Megan, and Rachel; wife Elin; friends Christiaan & Melissa Palladino; [and] daughters Lilly and Ida". Sufjan Stevens has also recorded and performed with the group.

The band is known for Smith's squeaky, falsetto vocals, innovative musical arrangements, and matching uniforms "that act, according to Daniel, as 'visual reminders of the spiritual and emotional healing taking place' within audience members." During some performances Smith has "worn a nine-foot tall, hand-made nine-fruit tree to 'bear the good fruit,'" in reference to the fruit of the Holy Spirit.

Joyful Noise Recordings
Joyful Noise Recordings is an independent record label with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana. The label was founded in 2003 in Bloomington, Indiana by Karl Hofstetter, who also played drums on several of the label's first releases. Joyful Noise maintains an active roster of over 30 bands playing various musical styles, though according to the label, each artist "in one way or another bridges the gap between pop and noise."