hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Collocation
In corpus linguistics, a collocation is a series of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance. In phraseology, a collocation is a type of compositional phraseme, meaning that it can be understood from the words that make it up. This contrasts with an idiom, where the meaning of the whole cannot be inferred from its parts, and may be completely unrelated.

There are about seven main types of collocations: adjective + noun, noun + noun (such as collective nouns), noun + verb, verb + noun, adverb + adjective, verbs + prepositional phrase (phrasal verbs), and verb + adverb.

Collocation extraction is a computational technique that finds collocations in a document or corpus, using various computational linguistics elements resembling data mining.

English phrasal verbs
In the traditional grammar of Modern English, a phrasal verb typically constitutes a single semantic unit consisting of a verb followed by a particle (e.g., turn down, run into, or sit up), sometimes collocated with a preposition (e.g., get together with, run out of, or feed off of).

Phrasal verbs ordinarily cannot be understood based upon the meanings of the individual parts alone but must be considered as a whole: the meaning is non-compositional and thus unpredictable. Phrasal verbs are differentiated from other classifications of multi-word verbs and free combinations by the criteria of idiomaticity, replacement by a single verb, wh-question formation and particle movement.
Narrandera Shire
Narrandera Shire is a local government area in the Riverina region of south-western New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Sturt and Newell Highways.

The present Narrandera Shire was formed on 1 January 1960 by an amalgamation of the previous Narrandera Municipality and Yanko Shire. The first Narrandera Municipality was incorporated on 18 March 1885.  Narrandera Shire is a large shire in the geographical centre of the Riverina, with over 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) of roads within its boundaries.

The Shire includes the town of Narrandera and the villages of Grong Grong, Binya and Barellan.

The mayor of Narrandera Shire is Cr. Neville Kschenka, an independent politician.

Barellan
Barellan /bɑːˈrɛlən/ is a small town in Narrandera Shire in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia.  On Census night 2021, Barellan had a population of 276. It is a quiet Riverina wheat town on the Burley Griffin Way, with characteristic silos, and functions primarily as a service centre for the surrounding agricultural area.
L7 (band)
L7 is an American rock band founded in Los Angeles, California, first active from 1985 to 2001 and re-formed in 2014. Their longest standing lineup consists of Suzi Gardner (guitars, vocals), Donita Sparks (vocals, guitars), Jennifer Finch (bass, vocals), and Dee Plakas (drums, vocals). L7 has released seven studio albums and has toured widely in the US, Europe, Japan, Australia, and South America. "Pretend We're Dead" was heavily played on US alternative radio and entered the top 10 on the Billboard Modern Rock chart in 1992.

Due to their sound and image, L7 is often associated with the grunge movement of the late 1980s and early 1990s, and as an all-female band, L7 has, at times, been linked to riot grrrl; although they preceded and are outliers of both the grunge and riot grrrl movements. L7 has been supportive of political causes, and formed Rock for Choice in 1991. A documentary film about the band, L7: Pretend We're Dead, premiered in 2016.

Bricks Are Heavy
Bricks Are Heavy is the third studio album by American rock band L7, released on April 14, 1992, by Slash Records. The album peaked at number 160 on the US Billboard 200 and number one on the Heatseekers Albums chart. As of June 2000, Bricks Are Heavy has sold 327,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen Soundscan.
Radio Nacional del Paraguay
Radio Nacional del Paraguay (National Radio of Paraguay) is the public radio broadcaster of Paraguay. It is a division of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communication (Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación) alongside national public TV channel Paraguay TV. Programs are in Spanish and in the Guarani language.

In Asunción, it has two stations, the 100,000-watt 920 AM (call sign ZP1) and ZPV1 on 95.1 FM, with separate programming. RNP also operates services in Pilar (ZP12, 700 AM) and San Pedro de Ycuamandiyú (105.9 FM).

ZPV1
ZPV1 is the FM station of Paraguay's state broadcaster, Radio Nacional del Paraguay. It transmits on 95.1 MHz with an effective radiated power of 100,000 watts. It is the sister station to AM station ZP1, but airs different programming. ZPV1 airs a public radio format in the Spanish & Guarani languages.
Elco, Illinois
Elco is an unincorporated community in Alexander County, Illinois, United States. Elco is located along Illinois Route 127 north of Tamms. Elco once had a post office, which closed on January 24, 1998.

Alexander County, Illinois
Alexander County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,240. Its county seat is Cairo and its western boundary is formed by the Mississippi River.

Alexander County is part of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area which is made up of jurisdictions on both sides of the Mississippi River.
Panamintaspis
Panamintaspis snowi is an extinct species of pteraspidid heterostracan agnathan which existed during the early Middle Devonian period of Death Valley, California.  Fossils are found in Late Emsian-aged marine strata of the Lost Burro Formation.  P. snowi strongly resembles Pteraspis, though while it was originally described as a member of the same family, Pteraspididae, a recent phylogenetic reassessment of the order Pteraspidiformes places P. snowi within the paraphyletic family "Protopeteraspidae," as the sister taxon of the suborder Pteraspidoidei (the super-taxon that contains Pteraspididae together with Protaspididae and Gigantaspis).

The generic name refers to the Panamint Range in Death Valley where the holotype and other specimens were found.  The specific name honors one J. C. Snow, the man who discovered the holotype.

Pteraspidoidei
Pteraspidoidei is an extinct suborder of heterostracan vertebrates. It contains the more derived taxa within Pteraspidiformes, such as Pteraspis and Errivaspis, though, some protopteraspidids, such as Doryaspis and Panamintaspis, share various features with these derived pteraspidids.
Ashkenazi Hebrew
Ashkenazi Hebrew (Hebrew: הֲגִיָּה אַשְׁכְּנַזִּית, romanized: hagiyoh ashkenazis, Yiddish: אַשכּנזישע הבֿרה, romanized: ashkenazishe havore) is the pronunciation system for Biblical and Mishnaic Hebrew favored for Jewish liturgical use and Torah study by Ashkenazi Jewish practice.

Sephardi Hebrew
Sephardi Hebrew (or Sepharadi Hebrew; Hebrew: עברית ספרדית, romanized: Ivrit Sefardit, Ladino: Ebreo de los Sefaradim) is the pronunciation system for Biblical Hebrew favored for liturgical use by Sephardi Jews.  Its phonology was influenced by contact languages such as Spanish and Portuguese, Judaeo-Spanish (Ladino), Judeo-Arabic dialects, and Modern Greek.
Edinburgh Business School
Edinburgh Business School (EBS) is the Graduate School of Business of Heriot-Watt University (est. 1821), Edinburgh, Scotland. Heriot-Watt University awards degrees by royal charter. Heriot-Watt University was featured in the Academic Ranking of World Universities Top 200 to study Finance and in the QS World University Rankings Top 200 to study Statistics & Operational Research. There are currently over 11,850 active students studying Edinburgh Business School programmes and more than 19,200 graduates across 165 countries worldwide.

Heriot-Watt University
Heriot-Watt University (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Heriot-Watt) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was established in 1821 as the School of Arts of Edinburgh, the world's first mechanics' institute, and was subsequently granted university status by royal charter in 1966. It is the eighth-oldest higher education institution in the United Kingdom. The name Heriot-Watt was taken from Scottish inventor James Watt and Scottish philanthropist and goldsmith George Heriot.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £293.9 million of which £52.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £301.1 million. Known for its focus on science as well as engineering, it is one of the 23 colleges that were granted university status in the 1960s, and it is sometimes considered a plate glass university, like Lancaster and York.

The university has three campuses in Scotland and one each in the UAE and Malaysia.
Surna (Norway)
The Surna is a river in Trøndelag and Møre og Romsdal counties in Norway. It runs from Rindal Municipality (in Trøndelag) to Surnadal Municipality (in Møre og Romsdal). The 45-kilometre (28 mi) long river begins near Øvre Rindal at the confluence of the rivers Tiåa and Lomunda.  The river then flows west and empties into the Surnadalsfjorden at the village of Surnadalsøra. Several smaller rivers flow into the Surna from the Trollheimen mountains to the south. The Foldsjøen and Gråsjøen reservoirs along the Folda River also flow into the Surna. The river is a good fishing river. The Brandåa, Gryta, and Kysinga hydroelectric power stations operate on tributaries of the river.

Gryta Hydroelectric Power Station
The Gryta Hydroelectric Power Station (Norwegian: Gryta kraftverk) is a hydroelectric power station in Rindal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is a run-of-river hydro power station utilizing a drop of 231 meters (758 ft) in a tributary of the Surna River. Permission was granted for construction in 2006 and the plant came into operation in 2009. It is operated by Gryta Kraft AS. It operates at an installed capacity of 1.49 megawatts (2,000 hp), with an average annual production of about 4.5 gigawatt-hours (16 TJ).
Parliamentary constituencies in Humberside
Humberside was abolished in 1996 both as a county council and a non-metropolitan county, being succeeded by the four unitary authorities of East Riding of Yorkshire, Kingston upon Hull, North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire. The constituency boundaries used up to the 2005 United Kingdom general election were drawn up when the county still existed. For the review which came into effect for the 2010 general election, the four unitary authorities were considered together, and for the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, coming into effect for the 2024 United Kingdom general election, the Boundary Commission for England considered the area comprising the former county of Humberside with the county of South Yorkshire as a sub-region of Yorkshire and the Humber.

The area is divided into 10 parliamentary constituencies – 4 borough constituencies and 6 county constituencies, one of which includes parts of the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster.

Kingston upon Hull North and Cottingham
Kingston upon Hull North and Cottingham is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. It was established by the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies and is currently represented by Diana Johnson of the Labour Party, who was MP for the predecessor seat of Kingston upon Hull North from 2005 to 2024.
Osów, Szczecin
Osów is a municipal neighbourhood of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the left bank of Oder river, north-west of the Szczecin Old Town and Downtown, in Zachód (West) District. As of January 2011 it had a population of 3,417.

Zachód, Szczecin
Zachód (lit. West) is one of four districts (Polish: dzielnica) of Szczecin, Poland situated on the left bank of Oder river in western part of the city. As of January 2011 it had a population of 116,232.

Zachód is divided into 9 municipal neighbourhoods:

Arkońskie-Niemierzyn

Głębokie-Pilchowo

Gumieńce

Krzekowo-Bezrzecze

Osów

Pogodno

Pomorzany

Świerczewo

Zawadzkiego-Klonowica
Sunrise at Campobello
Sunrise at Campobello is a 1960 American biographical film telling the story of the struggles of future President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt and his family when Roosevelt was stricken with paralysis at the age of 39 in August 1921. Based on Dore Schary's 1958 Tony Award-winning Broadway play of the same title, the film was directed by Vincent J. Donehue and stars Ralph Bellamy, Greer Garson, Hume Cronyn and Jean Hagen.

The film was produced with the cooperation of the Roosevelt family. Eleanor Roosevelt was present on the set during location shooting at the Roosevelt estate in Hyde Park, New York.

Paralytic illness of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was the president of the United States from 1933 to 1945, began experiencing symptoms of a paralytic illness in 1921 when he was 39 years old. His main symptoms were fevers; symmetric, ascending paralysis; facial paralysis; bowel and bladder dysfunction; numbness and hyperesthesia; and a descending pattern of recovery. He was diagnosed with poliomyelitis and underwent years of therapy, including hydrotherapy at Warm Springs, Georgia. Roosevelt remained paralyzed from the waist down and relied on a wheelchair and leg braces for mobility, which he took efforts to conceal in public. In 1938, he founded the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, leading to the development of polio vaccines. Although historical accounts continue to refer to Roosevelt's case as polio, the diagnosis has been questioned in the context of modern medical science, with a competing diagnosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome being proposed.
Ulu Pandan Single Member Constituency
Ulu Pandan Single Member Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It used to exist from 1959 to 1988 as Ulu Pandan Constituency and was renamed as Ulu Pandan Single Member Constituency (SMC) as part of Singapore's political reforms. The SMC was merged into Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency in 1997.

Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency
Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency (Chinese: 武吉知马集选区; pinyin: Wǔjí Zhīmǎ jíxuǎnqū) is a defunct five-member Group Representation Constituency located in the western area of Singapore. It consists of largely Bukit Timah areas, and including parts of Jurong, Clementi and Bukit Batok areas as well. The GRC has only appeared once in 1997 which the ruling party, People's Action Party received a walkover on the nomination day, which is similar to Kreta Ayer–Tanglin GRC's fate.

It was headed by Minister in Prime Minister's Office Lim Boon Heng during the last tenure from 1997 to 2001.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Gregg County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Gregg County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Gregg County, Texas. There are two districts and seven individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. All individually listed properties are also Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Gregg County, Texas
Gregg County is a county located in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 124,239. Its county seat is Longview. The county is named after John Gregg, a Confederate general killed in action during the American Civil War.

Gregg County is part of the Longview, Texas metropolitan area and the Longview–Marshall, Texas combined statistical area. Discovery of oil near Kilgore in October 1930 was the beginning of an oil boom that attracted workers to the county and expanded the population by more than 500% by 1940, according to the census. By that time, the economy had stabilized, but the East Texas Oil Field, extending into five counties, has continued to be important to the county and region's economy.
Colli sul Velino
Colli sul Velino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Rome and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northwest of Rieti.

Colli sul Velino borders the following municipalities: Contigliano, Labro, Morro Reatino, Rieti, Rivodutri, Terni.

Rivodutri
Rivodutri (Sabino: Riutri) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Lazio, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Rome and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Rieti.

Rivodutri borders the following municipalities: Colli sul Velino, Leonessa, Morro Reatino, Poggio Bustone, Polino, Rieti.
Texas vs The Nation
Texas vs The Nation was an American college football all-star bowl game played from 2007 to 2013. Originally played at the Sun Bowl, the format of the game pitted 50 top-rated college seniors who played college or high school football in Texas against a squad of 50 top-rated seniors from the other 49 states. In its first year, 73% of players who participated in the game were signed by National Football League (NFL) teams. In 2011, the game moved from El Paso to San Antonio, and the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) became the named sponsor of the game.  In 2012, the NFLPA began its own all-star game, the NFLPA Collegiate Bowl, and the Texas vs The Nation game was not held. The game was revived in 2013 at Eagle Stadium in Allen, but did not return in 2014.

NFLPA Collegiate Bowl
The NFLPA Collegiate Bowl was a postseason college football all-star game for National Football League Draft-eligible players, held annually in January. The event was founded in 2012 by the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA). In 2023, the NFLPA decided to cancel the game after 12 years. The organization currently partners with the Senior Bowl and East–West Shrine Bowl as part of the union's efforts to engage with its future player members.

Players predominantly, but not exclusively, were from teams within the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) and the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). The first six editions of the game were played in Carson, California, at the venue first known as Home Depot Center and later as StubHub Center. Starting with the 2018 edition, the game was held at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.
USS Terrell County
USS Terrell County (LST-1157), originally USS LST-1157, was a Terrebonne Parish-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy in 1952. Named for Terrell County, Texas, and Terrell County, Georgia, she was the only U.S. Navy vessel to bear the name. She was later lent to Greece and subsequently sold to Greece, being renamed Oinoussai (L104) in Greek service.

Terrell County, Georgia
Terrell County is a county located in the southwestern portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,185. The county seat is Dawson. Terrell County is included in the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area.
Eastern Berks Gateway Railroad
The Eastern Berks Gateway Railroad (reporting mark EBG) is a short-line railroad located in Boyertown, Pennsylvania, it runs from Boyertown south to Pottstown over the Colebrookdale branch, where it interchanges with the Norfolk Southern Railway. The railroad was operated by U.S. Rail Partners until 2013, when the Colebrookdale Railroad Preservation Trust took over.

East Penn Railroad
The East Penn Railroad (reporting mark ESPN) is a short-line railroad located in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, it operates a number of mostly-unconnected lines in Pennsylvania and Delaware. Except for two industrial park switching operations, all are former Pennsylvania Railroad or Reading Company lines, abandoned or sold by Conrail or its predecessors.

The East Penn Railroad was formed in 2007 through a merger of East Penn Railways (reporting mark EPRY) and Penn Eastern Rail Lines (reporting mark PRL), each of which began operating in the 1990s. The railroad is owned by Regional Rail, LLC, which also owns the Middletown and New Jersey Railroad, Tyburn Railroad, Carolina Coastal Railway, Florida Central Railroad, Florida Northern Railroad, and Florida Midland Railroad.
Open letter on artificial intelligence
In January 2015, Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk, and dozens of artificial intelligence experts signed an open letter on artificial intelligence calling for research on the societal impacts of AI. The letter affirmed that society can reap great potential benefits from artificial intelligence, but called for concrete research on how to prevent certain potential "pitfalls": artificial intelligence has the potential to eradicate disease and poverty, but researchers must not create something which is unsafe or uncontrollable. The four-paragraph letter, titled "Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence: An Open Letter", lays out detailed research priorities in an accompanying twelve-page document.

AI safety
AI safety is an interdisciplinary field focused on preventing accidents, misuse, or other harmful consequences arising from artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It encompasses AI alignment (which aims to ensure AI systems behave as intended), monitoring AI systems for risks, and enhancing their robustness. The field is particularly concerned with existential risks posed by advanced AI models.

Beyond technical research, AI safety involves developing norms and policies that promote safety, including advocacy for regulations at different levels of government. The field gained significant popularity in 2023, with rapid progress in generative AI and public concerns voiced by researchers and CEOs about potential dangers. During the 2023 AI Safety Summit, the United States and the United Kingdom both established their own AI Safety Institute. However, researchers have expressed concern that AI safety measures are not keeping pace with the rapid development of AI capabilities.
2012–13 Ukrainian Second League
The 2012–13 Ukrainian Second League was the 22nd season of 3rd level professional football in Ukraine. There are two groups of competition divided by region. The competition began on 13 July 2012 when Hirnyk-Sport Komsomolsk visited Sevastopol to play against FC Sevastopol-2 and lost 3–1.

2012–13 Ukrainian First League
The 2012–13 Ukrainian First League was the 22nd since its establishment. The  competition commenced on 13 July 2012 when Obolon Kyiv visited Sumy and played a goalless draw against FC Sumy.
The competition had a winter break that started 25 November 2012 and resumed on 23 March 2013.
Linnaeoideae
Linnaeoideae is a subfamily of the family Caprifoliaceae. It was formerly treated as the separate family Linnaeaceae. Five or six genera are placed in the subfamily, which ranges from creeping to erect shrubs. Most genera and species are native to East Asia, particularly China. One genus is native to Mexico, and Linnaea borealis occurs around the Northern Hemisphere.

Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
North Quincy High School
North Quincy High School (NQHS) is a public secondary school located in the North Quincy neighborhood of Quincy, Massachusetts, United States.  The school serves grades 9 through 12 and has an enrollment of over 1,200 students.  It is one of two public high schools in the city—the other being Quincy High School.  The school's mascot is known as "Yakoo", and its school colors are red and black.

Everett P. Pope
Major Everett Parker Pope (July 16, 1919 – July 16, 2009) was a United States Marine who received the Medal of Honor for his conspicuous gallantry on Peleliu in September 1944 while leading his men in an assault on a strategic hill, and for holding it, with rocks and bare fists when ammunition ran low, against Japanese suicide attacks.