hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maxville, Missouri
Maxville is a former town on U.S. Route 66, approximately two miles (3 km) east of Carthage in Jasper County, Missouri, United States. The community is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Jasper County, Missouri
Jasper County is located in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 122,761. Its county seat is Carthage, and its largest city is Joplin. The county was organized in 1841 and named for William Jasper, a hero of the American Revolutionary War. Jasper County is included in the Joplin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Jasper County Sheriff's Office has legal jurisdiction throughout the county.
Frederick Sears (priest)
Frederick Williams Sears (1871 – 9 November 1955) was Archdeacon of Cheltenham from 1932 until 1943.

Sears  was born in Taunton in 1871 and educated at St John's College, Cambridge. He was ordained after a period of study at Wells Theological College in 1899 and began his ecclesiastical career with curacies in Ryhope and Gloucester. He was the Vicar of Nailsworth from 1908 until 1915; Rector of Minchinhampton from 1915 to 1918, and then Leckhampton from 1928 to 1938.

A Canon Residentiary of Gloucester Cathedral from 1938 to 1943, he died at Milford on Sea on 9 November 1955.

Archdeacon of Cheltenham
The Archdeacon of Cheltenham is a senior cleric in the Diocese of Gloucester who is responsible for some pastoral care and discipline of clergy in the Cheltenham archdeaconry.

The archdeaconry was created as the Archdeaconry of Cirencester in the Diocese of Gloucester & Bristol on 8 December 1882 from parts of the Gloucester and Bristol archdeaconries. When Gloucester & Bristol diocese was re-divided in 1897, Cirencester archdeaconry remained part of the Gloucester diocese. On 1 August 1919, the archdeaconry's boundaries were altered and it was renamed the Archdeaconry of Cheltenham.

The archdeaconry consists of the deaneries of Cheltenham, Cirencester, North Cotswold, and Tewkesbury & Winchcombe. Almost all of its parishes lie within the ceremonial county of Gloucester, the exceptions being Cirencester's Marston Meysey and Castle Eaton, both in Wiltshire.
Pump-jet
A pump-jet, hydrojet, or water jet is a marine system that produces a jet of water for propulsion. The mechanical arrangement may be a ducted propeller (axial-flow pump), a centrifugal pump, or a mixed flow pump which is a combination of both centrifugal and axial designs. The design also incorporates an intake to provide water to the pump and a nozzle to direct the flow of water out of the pump.

Astute-class submarine
The Astute class is the latest class of nuclear-powered fleet submarines in service with the Royal Navy. The boats are constructed by BAE Systems Submarines at Barrow-in-Furness. Seven boats will be constructed: the first of class, Astute, was launched by Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, in 2007, commissioned in 2010, and declared fully operational in May 2014. The Astute class is the replacement for the Trafalgar-class fleet submarines in Royal Navy service.
Fort Ridgely State Park
Fort Ridgely State Park  is a state park of Minnesota, USA, on the Minnesota River south of Fairfax. It preserves Fort Ridgely, site of the Battle of Fort Ridgely during the Dakota War of 1862.  It was the only Minnesota state park with a 9-hole golf course, which overlooks the Minnesota River and goes along Fort Ridgely Creek.

The park was established in 1911. The Civilian Conservation Corps Rustic Style buildings within the state park, built between 1934 and 1936, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In September 2016, the golf course was closed due to declining revenue. A group of local residents launched a campaign hoping to raise enough money to lease the course from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and re-open it. However the group failed to win the support of the Fairfax City Council. The DNR plans to plow the course under and restore it to native prairie.

Fort Ridgely
Fort Ridgely was a frontier United States Army outpost from 1851 to 1867, built 1853–1854 in Minnesota Territory.  The Sioux called it Esa Tonka.  It was located overlooking the Minnesota River southwest of Fairfax, Minnesota. Half of the fort's land was part of the south reservation in the Minnesota River valley for the Mdewakanton and Wahpekute tribes. Fort Ridgely had no defensive wall, palisade, or guard towers. The Army referred to the fort as the "New Post on the Upper Minnesota" until it was named for two Maryland Army Officers named Ridgely (Randolph and Lott Henderson), who died during the Mexican–American War. (Many sources also cite Captain Thomas P. Ridgely as a namesake, but he died at a residence in Baltimore.)
Caproni Ca.310
The Caproni Ca.310 Libeccio (Italian: southwest wind) was an Italian monoplane, twin-engine reconnaissance aircraft used in World War II. Derived from the similar Ca.309, it had its combat debut during the Spanish Civil War and took part in the earlier phases of World War II in Libya. Some were used in attack groups as a temporary replacement for the unsatisfactory Breda Ba.65. The last Ca.310 was retired by the Italian Air Force in 1948.

Breda Ba.65
The Breda Ba.65 was an Italian all-metal single-engine, low-wing monoplane that was used by Aviazione Legionaria during the Spanish Civil War and Regia Aeronautica in the first half of World War II. It was the only Italian ground-attack aircraft that saw active service in this role. It saw service almost exclusively in the North African and Middle-Eastern theatre.  In addition to more than 150 aircraft operated by the Italian forces, a total of 55 were exported and used by the air forces of Iraq, Chile and Portugal.
Gender star
The gender star (German: Genderstern, or diminutive Gendersternchen; lit. 'gender asterisk') is a nonstandard typographic style used by some authors in gender-neutral language in German.

It is formed by placing an asterisk after the stem and appending the feminine plural suffix "-innen". For example, Fahrer ([male] driver, singular & plural) becomes Fahrer*innen (drivers). The gender star makes it possible to refer to all genders while also including non-binary people.

In speech, the gender star is sometimes signalled by a glottal stop.

Alternatives to the gender star include Binnen-I (with medial capital I), the gender gap (where an underscore takes the place of the asterisk) or using inherently gender neutral terms, such as 'people' instead of 'man' or 'woman'.

The gender star was named the German Anglicism of the Year in 2018 by the Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache.

Gender-neutral language
Gender-neutral language  is language that avoids reference towards a particular sex or gender. In English, this includes use of nouns that are not gender-specific to refer to roles or professions, formation of phrases in a coequal manner, and discontinuing the collective use of male or female terms.  A related term  is gender-inclusive language.

For example, the words policeman and stewardess are gender-specific job titles; corresponding gender-neutral terms are police officer and flight attendant. Some terms, such as chairman, that contain the component -man but have traditionally been used to refer to persons regardless of sex are now seen by some as gender-specific. An example of forming phrases in a coequal manner would be using husband and wife instead of man and wife. Examples of discontinuing the collective use of terms in English when referring to those with unknown or indeterminate gender as singular they, and using humans, people, or humankind, instead of man or mankind.
1974 Oakland Athletics season
The 1974 Oakland Athletics season was the 74th season for the Oakland Athletics franchise, all as members of the American League, and their 7th season in Oakland. The Athletics won their fourth consecutive American League West title with a record of 90 wins and 72 losses. In the playoffs, the A's defeated the Baltimore Orioles in the ALCS for their third straight AL pennant, and in the World Series, the first ever played entirely on the West Coast, defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in five games to take their third consecutive World Series championship. Paid attendance for the season was 845,693.

In early 1974, owner Charlie Finley tried to sell the team with an asking price of $15 million.

Charlie Finley
Charles Oscar Finley (February 22, 1918 – February 19, 1996), nicknamed "Charlie O" or "Charley O", was an American businessman who owned Major League Baseball's Oakland Athletics. Finley purchased the franchise while it was located in Kansas City, moving it to Oakland in 1968.  He is also known as a short-lived owner of the National Hockey League's California Golden Seals and the American Basketball Association's Memphis Tams.
Buena Vista Yokuts
Buena Vista was a major dialect of the Yokuts language of California, or possibly a distinct but closely related language. It was spoken in at least two local varieties around Buena Vista Lake in Kern County, California," in the villages of Hometwoli, Loasau, Tuhohi, and Tulamni.

Yokuts language
Yokuts (/ˈjoʊkəts/), formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, all constituent dialects apart from Valley Yokuts are now extinct.

The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much linguistic research.
Thales Group
Thales S.A., trading as Thales Group (French pronunciation: [talɛs]), is a French multinational aerospace and defence corporation specialising in electronics.

It designs, develops and manufactures a wide variety of aerospace and military systems, devices and equipment but also operates in the cybersecurity and formerly civil ground transportation sectors. The company is headquartered in Paris' business district, La Défense, and its stock is listed on Euronext Paris.

Founded as Thomson-CSF in 1968, the group was rebranded Thales in 2000 due to the company's desire to simplify and improve the group's brand.

Thales is partially owned by the French state and operates in more than 68 countries. In 2023, the company generated €18,42 billion in revenue and was the 17th largest defence contractor in the world, with 53% of its total revenue generated from its military activities.

Thales Watchkeeper WK450
The Thales Watchkeeper is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance (ISTAR) used by the British Army.  Originally, It was developed by UAV Tactical Systems (U-TacS), a joint venture of Elbit Systems UK and Thales UK, and is based on Elbit's Hermes 450,  the production entity came under the full ownership of Elbit Systems in January 2026.

The Watchkeeper entered full service in 2019, and although previously slated for retirement in March 2025, significantly before its earlier planned out-of-service date of 2042, this has now been extended to an out-of-service date of March 2027.
51 Special Action Group
The 51 Special Action Group is a special response unit of the National Security Guard (NSG) of India. It was raised by the Cabinet Secretariat under the National Security Guard Act of 1985.

The Special Action Group (SAG) comprises 54% of the National Security Guard. The 51 SAG forms the offensive arm, with personnel drawn from the Indian Army. The 51 SAG is tasked with counterterrorism operations, while the 52 SAG is trained and equipped for hostage rescue operations.

National Security Guard
The National Security Guard (NSG) is a central armed police force in India under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is the primary quick-reaction counterterrorism force of the Government of India. It was founded on 16 October 1984, following Operation Blue Star, to combat terrorist activities and protect states against internal disturbances.

The formation of the NSG was formalised in the Parliament of India under the National Security Guard Act, 1986. Aspirants who want to join the NSG are recruited from both the Central Armed Police Forces and Indian Army.
The X Factor (New Zealand TV series)
The X Factor is a New Zealand television reality music competition, originating from the original British series and based on the Australian The X Factor production format. The show began in 2013 and was open to anyone aged 14 and over. The winner was signed to Sony Music Entertainment New Zealand.

The contestants were split into the show's four traditional categories: Boys, Girls, Over 25s and Groups. From the second series, bands were also able to enter in the group category.

The show was cancelled in 2017, with MediaWorks confirming that the format rights to the show had expired.

Ruby Frost
Jane de Jong (born 1987), known professionally as Ruby Frost, is a New Zealand singer and songwriter from Auckland. In 2009, she won the nationwide music competition MTV 42Unheard, giving her a recording contract with Universal Music New Zealand. Since then she has performed showcases at CMJ in New York and The Viper Room in LA; toured with Mt Eden, Cut Copy, Evermore and Van She; and opened for acts including Diplo, Nero, Kimbra, Digitalism and Garbage. She was one of the four judges in season one of The X Factor NZ, and was the runner-up mentor when her act Whenua Patuwai came second in the competition.
Irvington Historic District (Indianapolis)
The neighborhood of Irvington, named after Washington Irving, includes Irvington Historic District, a historic district in Indianapolis, Indiana. The historic district is a 545-acre (221 ha) area that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. That year, the district included 2,373 contributing buildings, 5 other contributing structures, and 2 contributing sites.

George W. Julian
George Washington Julian (May 5, 1817 – July 7, 1899) was a politician, lawyer, and writer from Indiana who served in the United States House of Representatives during the 19th century. A leading opponent of slavery, Julian was the Free Soil Party's candidate for vice president in the 1852 election and was a prominent Radical Republican during the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era.

In 1885, President Grover Cleveland appointed him surveyor general of the New Mexico Territory. Julian was the son-in-law of Ohio politician Joshua Reed Giddings and the father of Grace Julian Clarke, a women's suffrage advocate.
7th Infantry Brigade (Indonesia)
The 7th Infantry Brigade (Indonesian: Brigade Infanteri 7, abbr. Brigif 7/RR) is an infantry brigade of the Indonesian Army under the Bukit Barisan Military Command. Its headquarters is located in Deli Serdang.

Kodam I/Bukit Barisan
Military Regional Command I/Bukit Barisan (Indonesian: Komando Daerah Militer I Bukit Barisan/Kodam I Bukit Barisan) is an Indonesian Army Regional Military Command that covers the Sumatran province of North Sumatra. The command takes its name from the Barisan Mountains.

Its Command Day is marked annually on 20 June, the date of the reformation of the basis of the command, the 1st Territorial Army Bukit Barisan (Komando Tentara Teritorium-I/Bukit Barisan), whose origins date to a Chief of Staff of the Army decision dated 13 December 1949.
Pavel Kotov
Pavel Vyacheslavovich Kotov (Russian: Павел Вячеславович Котов, IPA: [ˈpavʲɪl ˈkotəf]; born 18 November 1998) is a Russian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 50, achieved on 17 June 2024 and a best doubles ranking of No. 226, achieved on 8 November 2021.

Tallon Griekspoor
Tallon Griekspoor (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɛlɔŋ ˈxrikspoːr]; born 2 July 1996) is a Dutch professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21 achieved on 6 November 2023 and a best doubles ranking of No. 61, reached on 10 June 2024. He is the current No. 1 singles player from The Netherlands.

Griekspoor has won five ATP Tour titles combined, three in singles and two in doubles. He represents The Netherlands at the Davis Cup.

Griekspoor is notable for a record eight Challenger titles won in one season (2021), and the first player to earn five consecutive such titles.
Torat Shmuel
Torat Shmuel (or Likutei Torah–Torat Shmuel) (Hebrew: תורת שמאול) is a collection of Hasidic discourses authored by Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn of Lubavitch (1834-1882), the fourth rebbe of Chabad. The collection is thought to be the first text in Chabad philosophy to have made use of serialization of discourses, referred in Chabad as a hemshech (Heb.: המשך).

Shmuel Schneersohn
Shmuel Schneersohn (29 April 1834 – 14 September 1882 OS), otherwise known as Rabbi Shmuel of Lubavitch or Maharash, was an Orthodox Jewish rabbi and the fourth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Hasidic movement of Chabad Lubavitch.
Glengarry (federal electoral district)
Glengarry was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917, and from 1925 to 1953. It was located in the province of Ontario. It was created by the British North America Act 1867, and consisted of Glengarry county.

The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into Glengarry and Stormont riding.

It was recreated in 1924, consisting again of the county of Glengarry.

The electoral district was abolished in 1952 when it was merged into Glengarry—Prescott ridings.

Glengarry and Stormont
Glengarry and Stormont was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1925. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1914 from parts of Glengarry and Stormont ridings.

It consisted of the county of Glengarry and Stormont, with the townships of Cornwall and Roxborough, and the town of Cornwall.

The electoral district was abolished in 1924 when it was redistributed between Glengarry and Stormont ridings.
Permitted attached private lines
Permitted attached private lines, abbreviated PAPL, are voice-grade telephone wires that run point-to-point (rather than point-to-exchange) between locations in the telephone company's copper network. Data can travel across the PAPL link (at a distance of up to 3.5 km) at speeds of around 2Mb per second. Originally, PAPLs were intended to act as basic alarm circuits for fire or security systems, though in recent years have been utilised to carry DSL data signals.

Dry loop
A dry loop is an unconditioned leased pair of telephone line from a telephone company. The pair does not provide dial tone or battery (continuous electric potential), as opposed to a wet pair, a line usually without dial tone but with battery.

A dry pair was originally used with security systems but more recently may also be used with digital subscriber line (DSL) service or an Ethernet extender to connect two locations, as opposed to a costlier means such as a Frame Relay. The pair in many cases goes through the local telephone exchange.

Wet pair naming comes from the battery used to sustain the loop, which was made from wet cells.

Many carriers market dry loops to independent DSL providers as a BANA for basic analog loop or in some locales PANA for plain analog loop, OPX (off-premises extension) line, paging circuit, or finally LADS (local area data service).
Ngāti Mutunga–Ngāti Tama conflict
The Ngāti Mutunga–Ngāti Tama conflict took place in the Chatham Islands from 1839 or 1840 to 1842. The Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama Māori tribes (iwi) had migrated to the Chatham Islands together in 1835. The first arrivals, who were mainly Ngāti Tama, broke an agreement with Ngāti Mutunga and took control of the best areas of Chatham Island, which were at Waitangi and Kaingaroa, before most of the Ngāti Mutunga arrived. Furthermore, they blocked Ngāti Mutunga access to trade with visiting whalers at Waitangi. Ngāti Mutunga decided to attack Ngāti Tama, to try to drive them out of Waitangi. They besieged Ngāti Tama and after several months succeeded in forcing them to abandon Waitangi. After a few more skirmishes, and the adoption of Christianity by most of the two tribes, the conflict ended. The two sides seemed to show restraint in combat, due to having relatives on the opposing side, and only a few people died in the entire conflict.

Ngāti Tama
Ngāti Tama is a Māori tribe of New Zealand. Their origins, according to oral tradition, date back to Tama Ariki, the chief navigator on the Tokomaru waka. Their historic region is in north Taranaki, around Poutama, with the Mōhakatino River marking their northern boundary with the Tainui and Ngāti Maniapoto. The close geographical proximity of Tainui's Ngāti Toa of Kawhia and the Ngāti Mutunga explains the long, continuous, and close relationship among these three tribes.
Sporadic group
In the mathematical classification of finite simple groups, there are a number of groups which do not fit into any infinite family. These are called the sporadic simple groups, or the sporadic finite groups, or just the sporadic groups.

A simple group is a group G that does not have any normal subgroups except for the trivial group and G itself. The mentioned classification theorem states that the list of finite simple groups consists of 18 countably infinite families plus 26 exceptions that do not follow such a systematic pattern. These 26 exceptions are the sporadic groups.  The Tits group is sometimes regarded as a sporadic group because it is not strictly a group of Lie type, in which case there would be 27 sporadic groups.

The monster group, or friendly giant, is the largest of the sporadic groups, and all but six of the other sporadic groups are subquotients of it.

Robert Griess
Robert Louis Griess Jr. (born 1945) is a mathematician working on finite simple groups and vertex algebras.  He is currently the John Griggs Thompson Distinguished University Professor of mathematics at University of Michigan.
Hook echo
A hook echo is a pendant or hook-shaped weather radar signature as part of some supercell thunderstorms. It is found in the lower portions of a storm as air and precipitation flow into a mesocyclone, resulting in a curved feature of reflectivity. The echo is produced by rain, hail, or debris being wrapped around the supercell. It is one of the classic hallmarks of tornado-producing supercells. The National Weather Service may consider the presence of a hook echo coinciding with a tornado vortex signature as sufficient to justify issuing a tornado warning.

Mesocyclone
A mesocyclone is a meso-gamma mesoscale (or storm scale) region of rotation (vortex), typically around 2 to 6 mi (3.2 to 9.7 km) in diameter, most often noticed on radar within thunderstorms. In the Northern Hemisphere, it is usually located in the right rear flank (back edge with respect to direction of movement) of a supercell, or often on the eastern, or leading, flank of a high-precipitation variety of supercell. The area overlaid by a mesocyclone’s circulation may be several miles (km) wide, but substantially larger than any tornado that may develop within it, and it is within mesocyclones that intense tornadoes form.
Catalina Caper
Catalina Caper, also known as Never Steal Anything Wet, is a 1967 comedy musical mystery film starring Tommy Kirk. It blends the beach party format with a standard crime-caper comedy. It was shot on and around Santa Catalina Island, California.

Beach Party
Beach Party is a 1963 American film and the first of seven beach party films from American International Pictures (AIP) aimed at a teen audience. This film is often credited with creating the beach party film genre.