hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solaris (novel)
Solaris (/səˈlɑːrɪs/) is a 1961 science fiction novel by Polish writer Stanisław Lem. It follows a crew of scientists on a space station research facility as they attempt to understand an extraterrestrial intelligence, which takes the form of a vast ocean on the titular alien planet. The novel is one of Lem's best-known works.

The book has been adapted many times for film, radio, and theater. Prominent film adaptations include Andrei Tarkovsky's 1972 version and Steven Soderbergh's 2002 version, although Lem said that the films shifted away from the book's thematic emphasis on the limitations of human rationality.

First contact (science fiction)
First contact is a common theme in science fiction about the first meeting between humans and extraterrestrial life, or of any sapient species' first encounter with another one, given they are from different planets or natural satellites. It is closely related to the  anthropological idea of first contact.

Popularized by the 1897 book The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells, the concept was commonly used throughout the 1950s and 60s, often as an allegory for Soviet infiltration and invasion. The 1960s American television series Star Trek introduced the concept of the "Prime Directive", a regulation intended to limit the negative consequences of first contact.

Although there are a variety of circumstances under which first contact can occur, including indirect detection of alien technology, it is often portrayed as the discovery of the physical presence of an extraterrestrial intelligence. As a plot device, first contact is frequently used to explore a variety of themes.
The Stand: Captain Trips
The Stand: Captain Trips is a five-issue comic book miniseries, the first of six The Stand series by Marvel Comics, adapting Stephen King's 1978 novel of the same name. It was overseen by King, written by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa, illustrated by Mike Perkins, and colored by Laura Martin. "Captain Trips" refers to both the title of the first third of The Stand and of a slang term used within the novel for a viral biological weapon that obliterates a significant portion of the world's human population.

A promotional sketchbook for the series was released in July 2007.

Mike Perkins
Michael Perkins (born 20 November 1969) is a British comic book artist known for his inking work and full art duties on comic books such as Ed Brubaker's run on Captain America, Ruse, Stephen King's The Stand and The Swamp Thing.
Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024
Azerbaijan was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with "Özünlə apar" performed by Fahree and featuring Ilkin Dovlatov. The Azerbaijani participant broadcaster, İctimai Televiziya (İTV), internally selected its entry for the contest.

Azerbaijan was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 7 May 2024. Performing during the show in position 13, "Özünlə apar" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the first semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Azerbaijan placed fourteenth out of the 15 participating countries in the semi-final with 11 points.

Özünlə apar
"Özünlə apar" (Azerbaijani pronunciation: [œˈzynlæ ɑˈpɑɾ]; transl. "Take Me with You") is a song by Azerbaijani singer Fahree featuring Ilkin Dovlatov. It was written by Fahree and four other writers, and was released on 15 March 2024 by Beat Music. "Özünlə apar" represented Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.
Battle of Hòa Mộc
The Battle of Hòa Mộc (2 March 1885) was the most fiercely fought action of the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885). At heavy cost, Colonel Giovanninelli's 1st Brigade of the Tonkin Expeditionary Corps defeated forces of the Black Flag and Yunnan Armies blocking the way to the besieged French post of Tuyên Quang.

Siege of Tuyên Quang
The siege of Tuyên Quang was an important confrontation between the French and the Chinese armies in Tonkin (northern Vietnam) during the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885). A French garrison of 619 men, including two companies of the French Foreign Legion, successfully defended the French post of Tuyên Quang against vastly outnumbering Chinese forces in a four-month siege from 24 November 1884 to 3 March 1885. 'Tuyên Quang 1885' remains one of the Legion's proudest battle honours.
John Vijay
John Vijay (born 20 November 1976) is an Indian actor who works in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi and Kannada films. He is well known for his performances in Oram Po (2007), Thillalangadi (2010), Mouna Guru (2011), Kalakalappu (2012) and Sarpatta Parambarai (2021).

Mouna Guru
Mouna Guru (transl. The Silent Teacher) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Santhakumar and produced by M. K. Thamizharasu. The film stars Arulnidhi and Ineya, while John Vijay, Madhusudhan Rao, Uma Riyaz Khan, Krishnamoorthy, and Balakrishnan play supporting roles. Mouna Guru illustrates a misunderstood college youth whose life spirals downward when he unwittingly becomes involved in a crime plot.

The film's soundtrack has been composed by S. Thaman. It was released on 16 December 2011 and became a sleeper hit. The film was remade in Kannada as Guru, in Telugu as Shankara and in Hindi as Akira.
Snowbound (1948 film)
Snowbound is a 1948 British thriller film directed by David MacDonald and starring Robert Newton, Dennis Price, Stanley Holloway,  Herbert Lom, Marcel Dalio and Guy Middleton and introducing Mila Parély.  Based on the 1947 novel The Lonely Skier by Hammond Innes, the film concerns a group of people searching for treasure hidden by the Nazis in the Alps following the Second World War.

The Lonely Skier
The Lonely Skier is a 1947 thriller novel by British writer Hammond Innes. It is set in the Dolomites where a number of people are hunting a stash of buried Nazi treasure. The hero Neil Blair, recently demobbed from the army and unemployed, is hired to go to an isolated ski resort and pretend he is writing a screenplay.

In 1948 it was adapted into a film Snowbound directed by David MacDonald for Gainsborough Pictures and starring Dennis Price, Robert Newton and Herbert Lom.

Jack Adrian relates how Innes completed an arduous skiing course in the Italian Dolomites before he was demobbed. It was, said Innes, "Stiffer than any army course I was ever on, including battle training."  His experiences were used as the background for the novel.
William Pitt Lynde
William Pitt Lynde (December 16, 1817 – December 18, 1885) was an American lawyer, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for three terms, representing Milwaukee and southeast Wisconsin in the 30th, 44th, and 45th congresses.  He also served as the 12th mayor of Milwaukee, and, prior to Wisconsin statehood, he served as United States attorney and attorney general of the Wisconsin Territory.  He was a co-founder of the law firm now known as Foley & Lardner, one of the oldest active law firms in the country.

His grandsons Lynde Bradley and Harry Lynde Bradley became two of the most important businessmen in Milwaukee history, founding the Allen-Bradley Company and the Bradley Foundation.  Lynde's descendants are still influential in Wisconsin business, philanthropy, and politics.

Wisconsin Territory
The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized and incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836, until May 29, 1848, when an eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. Belmont was initially chosen as the capital of the territory. In 1837, the territorial legislature met in Burlington, just north of the Skunk River on the Mississippi, which became part of the Iowa Territory in 1838. In that year, 1838, the territorial capital of Wisconsin was moved to Madison.
Nishiibaraki District, Ibaraki
Nishiibaraki (西茨城郡, Nishiibaraki-gun)

, literally West Ibaraki, was a district located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2004, the district had an estimated population of 52,291. The total area was 108.64 km2.

There were two municipalities before the dissolution:

Iwama

Tomobe

On March 19, 2006, the towns of Iwama and Tomobe were merged into the expanded city of Kasama. Therefore, Nishiibaraki District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

Tomobe, Ibaraki
Tomobe (友部町, Tomobe-machi) was a town located in Nishiibaraki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 35,657 and a density of 607.34 persons per km2. The total area was 58.71 km2.

On March 19, 2006, Tomobe, along with the town of Iwama (also from Nishiibaraki District), was merged into the expanded city of Kasama. The former Tomobe Town Hall is now converted into the new Kasama City Hall because prior to the merger, Tomobe had more people than the old city of Kasama.
Miranda Grell
Miranda Agnes Jayne Grell (born June 1978) is a barrister and former Labour Party councillor for the London Borough of Waltham Forest. She was the first person to be found guilty of making false statements under the Representation of the People Act 1983, having made false allegations of paedophilia against her political opponent, Barry Smith, during an election campaign. Grell was banned for holding public office for three years as a result.

She subsequently trained to become a barrister and was called to the Bar in 2014.

Representation of the People Act 1983
The Representation of the People Act 1983 (c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It changed the British electoral process in the following ways:

Amended the Representation of the People Act 1969 (c. 15).

Stated that a convicted person cannot vote at any parliamentary or local election whilst in prison.

Laid down the appeals process in local elections

The act also regulates how political parties and people acting on their behalf are to behave before and during an election.
A. H. M. Moazzem Hossain
A. H. M. Moazzem Hossain (1 January 1948 – 2 August 2018) was a Bangladeshi journalist and editor. He was best known as the founding editor of The Financial Express, a leading English-language daily focused on business and finance.

The Financial Express (Bangladesh)
The Financial Express is an English-language daily published from Dhaka, Bangladesh, established in 1993. As of 2021, it was the second largest English language newspaper in Bangladesh.   Its stories focus mostly on business and economic issues, including international economic news.

The paper is owned by International Publications Limited. Shamsul Huq Zahid is the current editor.
2022 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 2022 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia as a member of the Coastal Division of the  Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2022 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Tony Elliott, the Cavaliers compiled an overall record of 3–7 with a mark of 1–6 in conference play, tying for sixth place in the ACC Coast Division. Virginia played home games at Scott Stadium in  Charlottesville, Virginia.

On the evening of November 13, wide receivers Lavel Davis Jr., Devin Chandler, and linebacker D'Sean Perry were killed while running back Mike Hollins was wounded in a shooting on the university's campus. The shooter was Christopher Darnell Jones Jr., a former running back for the Cavaliers in 2018. In its aftermath, the school announced it would cancel its final home game against Coastal Carolina on November 19 and its final game against Virginia Tech on November 26.

2022 University of Virginia shooting
On the night of November 13, 2022, a mass shooting took place at the University of Virginia (UVA) in Charlottesville, Virginia, in which three people were killed and two others were injured. Four of the victims, including the three who died, were members of the UVA football team. The perpetrator, 22-year-old Christopher Darnell Jones Jr., was later taken into custody and charged with three counts of second-degree murder, as well as three counts of using a handgun in the commission of a felony. Jones was sentenced to life in prison in November 2025.
Australian Princess
Australian Princess is an Australian reality television show that first premiered on Network Ten on 5 October 2005. It is produced by Granada Australia, who are responsible for other programs such as Dancing with the Stars, Australia's Next Top Model, and Merrick and Rosso Unplanned. It is an Australian version of American Princess.

The show is also aired in the United Kingdom on ITV2, in Finland on SubTV, in Canada on W Network, in the United States on WE: Women's Entertainment, in the Middle East on MBC 4, and in Belgium on Vitaya.

The contestants have been judged by Paul Burrell, Jane Luedecke (sister of Sarah, Duchess of York) and Jean Broke-Smith since its inception along with various other guest judges. The two series of the show were hosted by Jackie O.

American Princess (2005 TV series)
American Princess is an American  reality competition that aired on We TV from August 7, 2005, until October 7, 2007. It is hosted by Catherine Oxenberg with Jean Broke-Smith and Paul Burrell serving as judges. American Princess is based on the  George Bernard Shaw play Pygmalion and Alan Jay Lerner's My Fair Lady in a modern setting, where twenty American women who are average, plain, and rather ill-mannered, are taken to London, England to master the finer arts of British society and be crowned "American Princess" and earn valuable prizes. But first, the women have to learn how to eat dinner, handle cutlery, serve tea, walk in high heels, dance, and act as a proper royal should be.

There is an Australian version called Australian Princess, which features similar judges such as Paul Burell who also appears in both versions.
Jeff "Tain" Watts
Jeff "Tain" Watts (born January 20, 1960) is an American jazz drummer and composer who has worked across genres including Grammy wins with The Metropolitan Opera,  Wynton Marsalis, Branford Marsalis Quartet and Mingus Big Band. Performing with Michael Brecker, Alice Coltrane, Kenny Garrett, McCoy Tyner, Ravi Coltrane, and others.

Wynton Marsalis
Wynton Learson Marsalis (born October 18, 1961) is an American trumpeter, composer, and music instructor, who is currently the artistic director of Jazz at Lincoln Center. He has been active in promoting classical and jazz music, often to young audiences. Marsalis has won nine Grammy Awards, and his 1997 oratorio Blood on the Fields was the first jazz composition to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music. Marsalis is the only musician to have won a Grammy Award in both jazz and classical categories in the same year.
Polaco (slur)
Polaco (lit. 'Pole') is a derogatory term used in Spain to refer to a Catalan person. Its etymological origins are uncertain, and all existing theories are speculative, usually based on the fact that the same word also refers non-derogatorily to Polish people. The term is primarily used in Madrid and the regions bordering Catalonia. Although rarely found in literature, it is common in colloquial speech, particularly during sporting events. Within Catalonia, the term has been reclaimed in some contexts, used without its derogatory connotations to differentiate Catalans from other Spaniards. The term is generally unknown in Poland.

Anti-Catalan sentiment
Anti-Catalan sentiment is the collective name given to various  trends in Spain, France and Italy that expresses disdain, discrimination, or hatred for Catalonia, to Catalans, Catalan culture, Catalan nationalism, Catalan language or its history. It can also be referred to as Anti-Catalanism (Catalan: anticatalanisme, IPA: [ˌantikətələˈnizmə]) or Catalanophobia.
Phoebe Nicholls
Phoebe Sarah Nicholls (born 7 April 1957) is an English actress. She is most notable for her roles as Cordelia Flyte in Brideshead Revisited (1981), and as the mother of John Merrick in The Elephant Man (1980). Other credits include  Dr. Terror's House of Horrors (1965), Women in Love (1969), Van der Valk (1977), Bless Me, Father (1979), Persuasion (1995), Kavanagh QC (1995), Gulliver's Travels (1995), Fairy Tale: A True Story (1997), The Ruth Rendell Mysteries (1997), Shackleton (2002), Hawking (2004), The Brief (2004), Spooks (2006), The Trial of Tony Blair (2007), Lewis (2007), Prime Suspect (2003), Midsomer Murders (2003), Lewis,  Foyle's War (2003), Second Sight, Downton Abbey (2012), Fortitude (2015), Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell (2015), Doctor Thorne (2016), Transformers: The Last Knight (2017), Eric (2024), and The Sandman (2025).

Shackleton (2002 TV series)
Shackleton is a 2002 British television miniseries. It was written and directed by Charles Sturridge and starring Kenneth Branagh as explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton. The film tells the true story of Shackleton's 1914 Antarctic expedition on the ship Endurance. The cast includes Kevin McNally, Lorcan Cranitch, Embeth Davidtz, Danny Webb, Matt Day and Phoebe Nicholls (also the director's wife) as Lady Shackleton. It was filmed in the UK, Iceland and Greenland. The film used first-hand accounts by the men on the expedition to retell the story. Shackleton biographer Roland Huntford was a production advisor.

Shackleton was first broadcast in two parts by Channel 4 in January 2002. In North America the film was first broadcast by the A&E Network in April 2002. The film was nominated for seven Emmy Awards,  six BAFTA Awards, and a Golden Globe Award.
Wakaw
Wakaw, Saskatchewan, is a town 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Saskatoon and 66 kilometres (41 mi) south of Prince Albert. It is about halfway between the two cities and is served by Highway 2, Highway 41, and Highway 312. Wakaw is in hilly partially forested country east of the South Saskatchewan River. The area is part of the aspen parkland biome.

Wakaw is a Cree word meaning "crooked". The name was taken from nearby Wakaw Lake and applied to the town.

Wakaw Lake
Wakaw Lake is a lake in the RM of Hoodoo No. 401 in the central part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is about 102 kilometres (63 mi) north-east of Saskatoon and 73 kilometres (45 mi) south of Prince Albert. It takes its name from a Cree word meaning "crooked", referring to the curved shape of the lake. The lake is known in Cree as ᐚᑳᐤ ᓵᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ wâkâw sâkahikan. Wakaw Lake is the source of the Carrot River, which is a 300-kilometre (190 mi) long river that parallels the South Saskatchewan and Saskatchewan Rivers before meeting the Saskatchewan River at The Pas, Manitoba.

Communities along the lake's shore include Wakaw Lake, Nelson Beach, Nickorick Beach, Cudsaskwa Beach, Balone Beach, Domremy Beach, and Berard Beach. There are currently about 800 cabins located on the lake, some of which are winterised and occupied year-round. The town of Wakaw is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) west of the western end of Wakaw Lake.
Hubie Brown
Hubert Jude Brown (born September 25, 1933) is an American former professional basketball player, coach, and analyst. Brown is a two-time NBA Coach of the Year, the honors separated by 26 years. Brown was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2005.

Following his retirement from coaching, Brown worked as a television analyst for CBS, TNT, ESPN and ABC. Brown called his final game on February 9, 2025.

NBA on CBS
NBA on CBS is an American television sports presentation show broadcast by CBS. It aired from October 20, 1973 to June 14, 1990. The branding is used for the presentation of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Yuqiao station
Yuqiao (simplified Chinese: 御桥; traditional Chinese: 御橋; pinyin: Yùqiáo) is a Shanghai Metro interchange station in Pudong, Shanghai, located at the intersection of Yuqiao Road and Yuqing Road in Beicai town. It is served by Lines 11 and 18. The station opened as part of Line 11's phase 2 extension on August 31, 2013. It became an interchange station with Line 18 when the southern portion of phase 1 of that line opened on 26 December 2020. It served as the northern terminus of Line 18, which consists of eight stations between Yuqiao and Hangtou, until the line was further extended northward to South Changjiang Road on December 30, 2021.

On Line 11, the next station to the east is Luoshan Road. To the west, the next station is Kangheng Road. On Line 18, the next station to the south is Kangqiao. To the north, the next station is Lianxi Road.

Kangqiao station
Kangqiao (simplified Chinese: 康桥; traditional Chinese: 康橋; pinyin: Kāngqiáo), formerly known as Hunan Highway (simplified Chinese: 沪南公路; traditional Chinese: 滬南公路; pinyin: Hùnán Gōnglù), is a Shanghai Metro station located on Line 18 in Pudong, Shanghai. Located at the intersection of Xiuyan Road and Hunan Highway, the station opened for passenger services on 26 December 2020. It is part of the first section of Line 18 to become operational, a southern segment of phase one of the line which consists of eight stations between Yuqiao and Hangtou stations.
Universal algebra
Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures in general, not specific types of algebraic structures.
For instance, rather than considering groups or rings as the object of study—this is the subject of group theory and ring theory— in universal algebra, the object of study is the possible types of algebraic structures and their relationships.

Signature (logic)
In mathematical logic, a signature is a description of the non-logical symbols of a formal language. In universal algebra, a signature lists the operations that characterize an algebraic structure. In model theory, signatures are used for both purposes. They are rarely made explicit in more philosophical treatments of logic.
François Ricard
François Ricard (4 June 1947 – 17 February 2022) was a Canadian writer and academic from Quebec. He was a professor of French literature at McGill University since 1980, including a special but not exclusive focus on the work of Milan Kundera and Gabrielle Roy, and has published numerous works of non-fiction.

Gabrielle Roy
Gabrielle Roy CC FRSC (French pronunciation: [ɡabʁijɛl ʁwa]; March 22, 1909 – July 13, 1983) was a Canadian author from St. Boniface, Manitoba. She became one of the major voices in French-language literature in Canada, known for her portrayals of working-class life in Manitoba and Quebec and for her clear, straightforward prose. Her first novel, Bonheur d’occasion (The Tin Flute), brought her national and international recognition, including major literary awards in both Canada and France. She went on to publish fiction, memoir, and children’s literature, and her work remains central to the development of modern Canadian writing in French. She was designated a National Historic Person by the Government of Canada in 2009.
Sonam Tsemo
Sonam Tsemo (Tibetan: བསོད་ནམས་རྩེ་མོ།, Wylie: bsod nams rtse mo, THL: sönam tsemo; 1142–1182) (or Lobpon Rinpoche Sonam Tsemo), an important Tibetan sprititual leader and Buddhist scholar, was the second of the so-called Five Venerable Supreme Sakya Masters of Tibet, the founding fathers of the Sakya tradition.

Sakya
The Sakya (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་, Wylie: sa skya, 'pale earth') school is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, the others being the Nyingma, Kagyu, and Gelug. It is one of the Red Hat Orders along with the Nyingma and Kagyu.