hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Berkeley Rose Garden
The Berkeley Rose Garden is a city-owned park in the North Berkeley area of Berkeley, California. The rose garden is situated in a residential area of the Berkeley Hills between the Cragmont and the La Loma Park neighborhoods, occupying most of the block between Eunice Street and Bayview Place along the west side of Euclid Avenue, and west of Codornices Park.

La Loma Park
La Loma Park is a neighborhood and tract of land located in the Berkeley Hills section of the city of Berkeley, California in the San Francisco Bay Area. The land had been the property of Captain Richard Parks Thomas, a veteran of the American Civil War and Berkeley businessman. Today, it is entirely a residential area The Spanish word loma means "rise/low hill". Although hilly throughout, its average elevation is about 614 feet (187 m).

The La Loma Park Historic District is designated by the city as a Berkeley Landmark since May 6, 2002. The area contains the La Loma Steps, another Berkeley Landmark that also has a historical plaque.
International students in South Korea
The International students in South Korea are students who are pursuing a degree or studying a language at a South Korean university. In April 2024, the number of international students studying at universities and colleges in South Korea was 208,962. The government announced its Study Korea 300K plan to attract 300,000 foreign students by 2027. In other words, it aims to become one of the top 10 destinations for studying abroad by student count by 2027.

Visa policy of South Korea
Foreign visitors to South Korea are required to obtain a visa from one of the South Korean diplomatic missions unless they are citizens of one of the visa-exempt countries, in which case they may apply for a Korea Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA) instead.
First International Opium Convention
The First International Opium Convention (also called 1912 Opium Convention or Hague Opium Convention) is a former international treaty signed at The Hague in 1912. The conference were an international effort by states to regulate the trade of opium and suppress illicit opium consumption. It was followed in 1925 by the Second International Opium Convention signed in Geneva.

Brussels Pharmacopoeia Agreement (1902)
The Agreement respecting the Unification of Pharmacopoeial Formulas for Potent Drugs, informally known as the 1902 Brussels Pharmacopoeia Agreement (French: Officially in French: Arrangement International pour l'Unification de la Formule des Médicaments Héroïques), was an international treaty to harmonize the monographs of certain medical substances between national pharmacopoeias, negotiated in 1902 and signed in 1906. It was succeeded by the 1925 Brussels Pharmacopoeia Agreement.
Nanty Glo, Pennsylvania
Nanty Glo is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania metropolitan statistical area. The population was 2,734 at the 2010 census. The name comes from the Welsh Nant y Glo, meaning "stream of coal".

Nantyglo
Nantyglo (from Welsh  Nant-y-glo 'brook of coal') is a village in the ancient parish of Aberystruth and county of Monmouth situated deep within the South Wales Valleys between Blaina and Brynmawr in the county borough of Blaenau Gwent.
Gothicmade
Gothicmade (GOTHICMADE ゴティックメード-花の詩女-) is a Japanese sci-fi/mecha anime film directed by Mamoru Nagano. The film debut in Japan on November 1, 2012. The lore of The Five Star Stories was retconned starting with volume 13 onwards to better match the movie lore. The movie did not receive home media releases and is only available to be watched in Japanese theaters via TOHO's Dreampass rerun system.

The Five Star Stories
The Five Star Stories (Japanese: ファイブスター物語, Hepburn: Faibu Sutā Monogatari) is a science fiction manga series created by Mamoru Nagano, building on his work on the anime series Heavy Metal L-Gaim. The story takes place in a cluster of four major planetary systems, and centers around Amaterasu, the immortal emperor of the Grees Kingdom who is destined to rule the whole Joker System, as well as his bride Lachesis. An anime film adaptation of the first volume, directed by Kazuo Yamazaki, was released in 1989.
Gerry Alanguilan
Doroteo Gerardo N. Alanguilan Jr. (20 January 1968 – 21 December 2019), also known in the Philippines by his alias Komikero, was a Filipino comic book artist, writer, and architect from San Pablo, Laguna. He was an important figure in the Philippine comics renaissance of the 1990s and early 2000s, and is known internationally for his graphic novels Wasted and Elmer, and for his inking on American superhero comics such as Wetworks, X-Men, Superman: Birthright, Wolverine, and Fantastic Four.

Many of Alanguilan's titles take place in the Philippines or feature Filipino characters, such as Elmer, Johnny Balbona, Humanis Rex!, and Timawa. He incorporated elements of social commentary in his work, especially Elmer, which satirizes racism. Gerry Alan, the protagonist of Whilce Portacio and Brian Haberlin's comic series Stone, is named for Alanguilan.

Francisco V. Coching
Francisco Vicente Coching (January 29, 1919 – September 1, 1998) was a Filipino comic book illustrator and writer during the Golden Age of Philippine comics. He is regarded as one of the "pillars of the Philippine Komiks Industry", the "King of Komiks", and the "Dean of Philippine Comics". He created the iconic characters Pedro Penduko, Hagibis, and Sabas, ang barbaro.

In 2014, he was posthumously conferred as a National Artist for Visual Arts, the highest honor for artists in the Philippines.
So (word)
So is an English word that, apart from its other uses, has become increasingly popular in recent years as a coordinating conjunctive opening word in a sentence. This device is particularly used when answering questions although the questioner may also use the device. So may also be used to end sentences. When ending a sentence, it may be:

a coordinating conjunctive to refer backwards to something previously mentioned

a coordinating conjunctive dangling "so" (sometimes called trailing "so") to refer forwards to something that may be said

an intensifying adverb.

Discourse marker
A discourse marker is a word or a phrase that plays a role in managing the flow and structure of discourse. Since their main function is at the level of discourse (sequences of utterances) rather than at the level of utterances or sentences, discourse markers are relatively syntax-independent and usually do not change the truth conditional meaning of the sentence. They can also indicate what a speaker is doing on a variety of different planes. Examples of discourse markers include the particles oh, well, now, then, you know, and I mean, and the discourse connectives so, because, and, but, and or. The term discourse marker was popularized by Deborah Schiffrin in her 1987 book Discourse Markers.
Coswig, Saxony-Anhalt
Coswig (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔsvɪç] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Wittenberg of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Elbe, approx. 12 km west of Wittenberg, and 15 km east of Dessau.

Wittenberg (district)
Wittenberg is a district (German: Kreis) in the east of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Anhalt-Bitterfeld, the district-free city of Dessau-Roßlau, the districts of Potsdam-Mittelmark, Teltow-Fläming and Elbe-Elster in Brandenburg, and the district of Nordsachsen in Saxony. The capital and largest city is Wittenberg, famous for its association with the influential religious reformer Martin Luther and containing a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Bicycle-friendly
Bicycle-friendly policies and practices help some people feel more comfortable about traveling by bicycle with other traffic. The level of bicycle-friendliness of an environment can be influenced by many factors including town planning and cycling infrastructure decisions. A stigma towards people who ride bicycles and fear of cycling is a social construct that needs to be fully understood when promoting a bicycle friendly culture.

League of American Bicyclists
The League of American Bicyclists (LAB), officially the League of American Wheelmen, is a membership organization that promotes cycling for fun, fitness and transportation through advocacy and education.
A Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, the League is one of the largest membership organizations of cyclists in the United States.
Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University
Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University (CSJMU), formerly Kanpur University, is a public state collegiate university  located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is administered under the state legislature of the government of Uttar Pradesh.

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College
26°28′52″N 80°18′28″E﻿ / ﻿26.481099°N 80.307682°E﻿ / 26.481099; 80.307682
Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College (GSVMMC or GSVM Medical College) is a public medical college in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. The college is named after Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi, a freedom fighter and journalist from Kanpur. It was founded in 1956.

There is an annual intake of 250 students for the MBBS course, decided by an all-India common entrance examination: NEET-UG.15% of seats come under the all-India quota and 85% of seats come under the state quota.

The institute has a lush green eco-friendly campus with big trees and well-spread gardens all over. GSVMMC has a sprawling campus with hospital and college sections accommodated in huge buildings.

The students here identify themselves as Ganeshians and the alumni are called GEMs(GSVM Ex Medicos).
Xestoso
Xestoso (Spanish: San José Gestoso) is one of four parroquias, a parish (administrative division) in Villanueva de Oscos, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 8.5 km (5.3 mi) from Villanueva, the capital of the municipality.

Situated at 817 m (2,680 ft) above sea level, it is 12.85 km2 (4.96 sq mi) in size, with a population of 91.

Villanueva de Oscos
Villanueva de Oscos (Eonavian: Vilanova d'Ozcos) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Vegadeo and Castropol, on the south by San Martín de Oscos and Santa Eulalia de Oscos, on the east by Illano and San Martín, and on the west by Taramundi.

The medieval Monastery of Santa María de Villanueva de Oscos is located there.
Aaby, Aarhus
Aaby, or Åby, is a suburban area of Aarhus in Denmark. Located 4 km from the city centre of Aarhus, Åby was originally an old village, but is now an integrated a part of Åbyhøj, that sprawled around it. To distinguish Åby from Åbyhøj, the village area is often referred to as Gammel Åby (lit.:Old Åby). Åby is situated at a bend of the Aarhus River and there is access to the river and the pathway of Brabrandstien from here.

Aabyhøj
Aabyhøj , or Åbyhøj, is a neighborhood of Aarhus, Denmark. It is part of the postal district of Aarhus V and has a population of approximately 11,000 people and is home to Aabyhøj IF football club and Aabyhøj Basketball.
Rohnert Park Stadium
Rohnert Park Stadium was a stadium in Rohnert Park, California.  It was primarily used for baseball and was the home field of the Redwood Pioneers and the Sonoma County Crushers minor league baseball teams. It was also a soccer field for the North Bay Breakers, a semi-pro soccer team.

It was built in 1981 and held 4,150 people.  The stadium was torn down in 2005, and the land was redeveloped adjacent to a Costco.

Redwood Pioneers
The Redwood Pioneers were a minor league baseball of California League. They were part of the California Angels farm system.  The Pioneers played in Rohnert Park, California during the early 1980s (1980–85). The team produced players such as Kirk McCaskill, Mark McLemore and Devon White. After the 1985 season, the Pioneers relocated to become the Palm Springs Angels.
Stalag XXI-D
Stalag XXI-D was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp based in Poznań in German-occupied Poland, operated in 1940–1945. It held Polish, French, British, Belgian, Dutch, Serbian, Soviet and Italian POWs.

It was one of four main German POW camps in the Military District XXI, alongside the Stalag XXI-A in Ostrzeszów, Stalag XXI-B in Szubin and Stalag XXI-C in Wolsztyn. The Reserve Hospital in Ostrzeszów was subordinate to Stalag XXI-D.

Stalag XXI-C
Stalag XXI-C was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp located in Wolsztyn in German-occupied Poland. It held mostly Polish, French, British and Soviet POWs, but also American, Norwegian, Dutch and Italian.

It was one of four main German POW camps in the Military District XXI, alongside the Stalag XXI-A in Ostrzeszów, Stalag XXI-B in Szubin and Stalag XXI-D in Poznań.
Peña Labra
Peña Labra is a 2,018-metre (6,621 ft) high mountain located in the Sierra de Híjar range, a part of the Cantabrian Mountains System,. It is located on the boundary between the Province of Palencia and the Autonomous Community of Cantabria.

It is the westernmost peak of the  Alto Campoo Massif.

The main trailhead for the mountain is at Pass of Piedrasluengas, located at an elevation of 1,355 metres (4,446 ft), 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Potes in Cantabria and 29 kilometres (18 mi) from Cervera de Pisuerga in Palencia, on the road CL-627.

Pass of Piedrasluengas
The pass of Piedrasluengas, at 1.355 m, is a mountain pass between the province of Palencia and Cantabria (Spain), which crosses the Cantabrian mountain range, linking the Palencian town of Cervera de Pisuerga with the Cantabrian town of Potes, in the Liébana region. From the high part of the pass there is also a road that heads towards the Cantabrian valley of Polaciones. The pass reaches a maximum altitude of 1,390 m above sea level, via the road known as CL-627 for Castile and León and CA-184 for Cantabria.
Christchurch Airfield
For the World War II use of this facility, see RAF Christchurch

Christchurch Airfield was located southeast of the A337/B3059 intersection in Somerford, Christchurch, Dorset, England.

It was a civil airfield starting from 1926, then it was used during World War II by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces Ninth Air Force. After the war the airfield returned to civilian use and the airfield complex was then demolished in 1966.

RAF Christchurch
Royal Air Force Christchurch or more simply RAF Christchurch is a former Royal Air Force satellite station and was located southeast of the A337/B3059 junction in Somerford, Christchurch, Dorset, England.

Christchurch Airfield was a civil airfield that started operation from 1926, enlarged for wartime operations in 1941, Christchurch was used during the Second World War by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces Ninth Air Force. It returned to civilian flying postwar before being taken over by what became British Aerospace to manufacture jet fighters and civilian airliner types. The airfield complex was finally closed down and demolished in 1966 when housing was built on the site.
Arstaddalsdammen
Arstaddalsdammen is a lake that lies in Beiarn Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southwest of the village of Moldjord.  The 2.54-square-kilometre (0.98 sq mi) lake lies in the southern end of the Arstaddal valley, and it has a dam on the northern end. The dam was built in the 1960s. The water from the lake is piped to the nearby lake Sokumvatnet in Gildeskål Municipality. The lake serves as a reservoir for the Sundsfjord Hydroelectric Power Station.

Beiarn Municipality
Beiarn is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. Beiarn is also a part of the Bodø Region, a statistical metropolitan region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Moldjord. Other villages in Beiarn are Høyforsmoen, Trones, and Tverrvika.

The 1,222-square-kilometre (472 sq mi) municipality is the 88th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Beiarn Municipality is the 333rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,062. The municipality's population density is 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Dundee East (UK Parliament constituency)
Dundee East was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (at Westminster). Created for the 1950 general election, it elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post voting system.

This was one of the safest SNP seats. Since 2005, Stewart Hosie of the Scottish National Party had served as the MP for the constituency. On 14 November 2014, Hosie was elected as Deputy Leader of the Scottish National Party, succeeding Nicola Sturgeon, who was elected as the party leader; Hosie served as Deputy Leader until 13 October 2016.

At the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was subject to boundary changes, gaining the town of Arbroath and surrounding areas, partly offset by the loss of parts of East End, Maryfield and Strathmartine from the Dundee City council area which moved to Dundee Central. As a consequence, Dundee East was renamed Arbroath and Broughty Ferry, and was first contested at the 2024 general election.

Dundee Central
Dundee Central is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. It was first contested at the 2024 general election. It is currently represented by Chris Law of the Scottish National Party, who was MP for the predecessor seat of Dundee West from 2015 to 2024.
Grieco elimination
The Grieco elimination is an organic reaction describing the elimination reaction of an aliphatic primary alcohol through a selenide to a terminal alkene. It is named for Paul Grieco.

The alcohol first reacts with o-nitrophenylselenocyanate and tributylphosphine to form a selenide via a nucleophilic substitution on the electron-deficient selenium. In the second step, the selenide is oxidized with hydrogen peroxide to give a selenoxide. This structure decomposes to form an alkene by an Ei elimination mechanism with expulsion of a selenol in a fashion similar to that of the Cope elimination. This reaction takes part in the synthesis of ring C of the Danishefsky Taxol synthesis.

The elimination step is common with the Clive-Reich-Sharpless olefination that uses PhSeX as the selenium source.

Ei mechanism
In organic chemistry, the Ei mechanism (Elimination Internal/Intramolecular), also known as a thermal syn elimination or a pericyclic syn elimination, is a special type of elimination reaction in which two vicinal (adjacent) substituents on an alkane framework leave simultaneously via a cyclic transition state to form an alkene in a syn elimination. This type of elimination is unique because it is thermally activated and does not require additional reagents, unlike regular eliminations, which require an acid or base, or would in many cases involve charged intermediates. This reaction mechanism is often found in pyrolysis.
Kargan, Hormozgan
Kargan (Persian: كرگان) is a city in Band-e Zarak District of Minab County, Hormozgan province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Kargan Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Sarmast.

Sarmast, Hormozgan
Sarmast (Persian: سرمست) is a village in, and the capital of, Kargan Rural District of Band-e Zarak District, Minab County, Hormozgan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kargan, now a city.
Stary Sącz
Stary Sącz [ˈstarɨ ˈsɔnt͡ʂ] is a small historic town in Lesser Poland Voivodeship of southern Poland. It is the seat of the Gmina Stary Sącz (commune), and one of the oldest towns in the country, receiving Magdeburg rights in the 13th century.

Gmina Stary Sącz
Gmina Stary Sącz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Stary Sącz, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Nowy Sącz and 75 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 102.41 square kilometres (39.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 22,206 (of which the population of Stary Sącz amounts to 8,987, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,219).
2026 UCI ProSeries (women)
The 2026 UCI Women's ProSeries is the seventh season of the second-tier UCI Women's ProSeries road cycling tour, a competition with nineteen road cycling events throughout the 2026 women's cycling season. The tour sits below the UCI Women's World Tour but above the UCI Class 1 and Class 2 races. The competition began with the Women's Down Under Classic on 21 January, and will finish with the Tre Valli Varesine on 6 October.

UCI ProSeries (women)
The UCI ProSeries is the second tier women's elite road cycling tour. It was inaugurated in 2020. The series is placed below the UCI Women's World Tour, but above the various 1.1/2.1 and 1.2/2.2 races. As of 2026, the tour consists of 20 races in Europe and Australia, of which 17 are one-day races (1.Pro) and 3 are stage races (2.Pro).
Pulaski County, Missouri
Pulaski County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,955. Its county seat is Waynesville. The county was organized in 1833 and named for Kazimierz Pułaski, a Polish patriot who died fighting in the American Revolution. Pulaski County is the site of Fort Leonard Wood, a U.S. Army training base. It comprises the Fort Leonard Wood, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area which has nearly one-third of the total county population.

Laclede County, Missouri
Laclede County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,039. Its county seat is Lebanon. The county was organized February 24, 1849, and was named after Pierre Laclède, founder of St. Louis.

Laclede County comprises the Lebanon, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Long Eaton railway station
Long Eaton railway station serves the town of Long Eaton, in Derbyshire, England. It is on the Midland Main Line and the Derby-Nottingham line, 120 miles 28 chains (193.7 km) north of London St Pancras. The station is managed by East Midlands Railway, which operates services with CrossCountry.

Long Eaton
Long Eaton is a town in the Erewash district of Derbyshire, England. It lies just north of the River Trent, about 6 miles (9.7 km) south-west of Nottingham and 9 miles (14 km) south-east of Derby. The town population was 37,760 at the 2011 census. It has been part of the Erewash borough since 1 April 1974, when Long Eaton Urban District was disbanded.
Fort Smith Airport
Fort Smith Airport (IATA: YSM, ICAO: CYSM) is located near Fort Smith, Northwest Territories, Canada. Runway 03/21 has no winter service.

The Fort Smith (District) Heliport is located southeast of the airport.

Fort Smith, Northwest Territories
Fort Smith (Chipewyan: Thebacha "beside the rapids") is a town in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. It is located in the southeastern portion of the Northwest Territories, on the Slave River and adjacent to the Alberta border along the 60th parallel north.
Amou, Benin
Amou is a village in western Benin. It is located in Savalou commune in the Collines Department.  Prior to 1999 Amou was part of the former Zou Province.

Nearby towns and villages include Loukou 8.3 km (4.5 nmi), Soedji 9.3 km (5 nmi), Adanhoue 9.4 km (5.1 nmi), Abeokouta 11.7 km (6.3 nmi), 11.7 km (6.3 nmi), Konfouda 11.7 km (6.3 nmi), Akoumokoumo 11.7 km (6.3 nmi), Alekpo 12.4 km (6.7 nmi), Pepelou 12.4 km (6.7 nmi), Okpedie 19.1 km (10.3 nmi), and Kafingbe 13.3 km (7.2 nmi).

Abeokouta
Abeokouta is a village in western Benin. It is located in Savalou commune in the Collines Department.

Nearby towns and villages include Doume (2.2 nm), Abala (1.4 nm), Akoumokoumo (4.0 nm), Loukou (4.4 nm), Amou (6.3 nm), Agan (1.0 nm), Ekpa (2.2 nm) and Ekpaogan (2.2 nm) 
.