hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Microsporidiosis
Microsporidiosis is an opportunistic intestinal infection that causes diarrhea and wasting in immunocompromised individuals (HIV, for example). It results from different species of microsporidia, a group of microbial (unicellular) fungi.

In HIV-infected individuals, microsporidiosis generally occurs when CD4+ T cell counts fall below 150.

Microsporidia have emerged with significant mortality risk in immunocompromised individuals. These are small, single-celled, obligately intracellular parasites linked to water sources as well as wild, and domestic animals. They were once considered protozoans or protists, but are now known to be fungi, or a sister group to fungi.  The most common causes of microsporidiosis is Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis.

Encephalitozoon intestinalis
Encephalitozoon intestinalis is a parasite. It can cause microsporidiosis.

It is notable as having one of the smallest genome among known eukaryotic organisms, containing only 2.25 million base pairs. Its genome was completely sequenced in 2010.

Encephalitozoon intestinalis originally named Septata intestinalis, was reclassified based on morphologic, antigenic and molecular similarities with other species of the genus Encephalitozoon. Recently, Some domestic and wild animals have been found to be naturally infected with E. intestinalis and some other microsporidian species.

Encephalitozoon intestinalis is transmitted in contaminated water. It causes gastro-intestinal tract infection which subsequently leads to diarrhea and circulates to the ocular, genitourinary and respiratory tracts. Research has proven that E. intestinalis infection can increase host cell nuclear mutation rate.
South-Western Iberian Bronze
The South-Western Iberian Bronze is a loosely defined Bronze Age culture of Southern Portugal and nearby areas of SW Spain (Huelva, Seville, Extremadura). It replaced the earlier urban and Megalithic existing in that same region in the Chalcolithic age.

It is characterized by individual burials in cist, in which the deceased is accompanied by a knife of bronze. Stelae with representations of types of weapons and other warriors' accoutrements are associated with these burials. Much more rare but also more impressive are the 'grabsystem' tombs, made up of three adjacent stone enclosures, of quasi-circular form, each one with an opening. They are covered by tumuli and are possibly the burials of the main leaders of these peoples.

Castro of Vila Nova de São Pedro
The Castro of Vila Nova de São Pedro is a Chalcolithic archaeological site in the civil parish of Vila Nova de São Pedro, municipality of Azambuja, in the Portuguese Estremadura area of Lezíria do Tejo. It is important for the discovery of thousands of arrowheads within its fortified settlement, associated with the Chalcolithic period of human settlement, and in particular with the long-lived fortified town, or castro, of Zambujal, near the municipality of Torres Vedras. This period of "urban" settlement lasted from 2600 to 1300 BCE, and during this time the Castro of Vila Nova was a contemporary of the southeastern Spanish settlements of  Los Millares and El Argar.
Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah
Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah ibn Salul ibn Ka‘b ibn ‘Amr al-Khuza‘i (Arabic: هليل بن حبشية بن سلول بن كعب بن عمرو الخزاعي) was the Chief of Banu Khuza'ah who gave his heiress-daughter Hubbah in marriage to Qurayshi Chief Qusai ibn Kilab. From this marriage, 'Abd Manaf, an ancestor of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, was born.

Qusayy ibn Kilab
Qusai ibn Kilab ibn Murrah (Arabic: قصي بن كلاب بن مرة, Qusayy ibn Kilāb ibn Murrah; ca. 400–480), also spelled Qusayy, Kusayy, Kusai, or Cossai,  born Zayd (Arabic: زيد), was an Ishmaelite descendant of Abraham. Orphaned early on, he would rise to become chief of Mecca, and leader of the Quraysh tribe. He is best known for being an ancestor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as well as the third and the fourth Rashidun caliphs, Uthman and Ali, and the later Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid caliphs along with several of the most prominent Hashemite dynasties in the orient.
Xbloc
An Xbloc is a wave-dissipating concrete block (or "armour unit") designed to protect shores, harbour walls, seawalls, breakwaters and other coastal structures from the direct impact of incoming waves. The Xbloc model was designed and developed in 2001 by the Dutch firm Delta Marine Consultants, now called BAM Infraconsult, a subsidiary of the Royal BAM Group. Xbloc has been subjected to extensive research by several universities.

Wave-dissipating concrete block
A wave-dissipating concrete block is a naturally or manually interlocking concrete structure designed and employed to minimize the effects of wave action upon shores and shoreline structures, such as quays and jetties.

One of the earliest designs is the Tetrapod, invented in 1950. Other proprietary designs include the Modified Cube (United States, 1959), the Stabit (United Kingdom, 1961), the Akmon (The Netherlands, 1962), the Dolos (South Africa, 1963), the Stabilopod (Romania, 1969), the Seabee (Australia, 1978), the Accropode (France, 1981), the Hollow Cube (Germany, 1991), the A-jack (United States, 1998),  the Xbloc  (The Netherlands, 2001) and KOLOS (India, 2010) among others.
George E. Turner Power Plant
The George E. Turner Power Plant was a coal-burning, and later oil-burning, electrical power plant constructed on the north shore of Lake Monroe, in Enterprise, Florida, United States in 1926. The plant operated as an oil-burning power plant until 1994, providing electrical power to more than 300,000 homes during its peak. The plant was decommissioned in 1994, and occasionally used as a filming location for several television productions. The plant was razed in 2007, and the site now utilized as an ecological buffer zone.

Enterprise, Florida
Enterprise is an unincorporated community in Volusia County, in the U.S. state of Florida, and its former county seat.  Situated on the northern shore of Lake Monroe, it is flanked by the cities of DeBary and Deltona.  Enterprise was once the head of navigation on the St. Johns River and at various times, the county seat for three different counties:  Mosquito, which was renamed as Orange; and lastly, for Volusia, which was formed from part of Orange County.

In 2006, Volusia County government approved a historic overlay which designates Enterprise as an "area of special concern" as a historic village.  This establishes a defined historic district within the community and ensures that any development must follow strict guidelines.
Chemillé-Melay
Chemillé-Melay (French pronunciation: [ʃəmije məlɛ]) was a short-lived commune in the department of Maine-et-Loire in western France.

The commune was established on 1 January 2013 by merger of the former communes of Chemillé and Melay. On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d'Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry, and Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.

Saint-Lézin
Saint-Lézin (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ lezɛ̃] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. Its population was 746 in 2022.

On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d’Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry and Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.
Amphelissa
Amphelissa is an extinct genus of paleozoic gastropod in the family Helicotomidae. The genus was first named by British paleontologist Robert Etheridge, Junior. Amphelissa lived during the Devonian period in Australia, and was a suspension feeder.

Helicotomidae
Helicotomidae is an extinct family of Paleozoic molluscs (gastropods?) with anisostrophically coiled shells of uncertain position (Gastropoda?) (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
The Devil and Daniel Mouse
The Devil and Daniel Mouse is a 1978 Canadian animated Halloween television special, based on the 1936 short tale The Devil and Daniel Webster by Stephen Vincent Benét. The Devil and Daniel Mouse is the second television special co-produced by the Canada-based studio firm Nelvana Limited

Nelvana's iconic polar bear logo made its first appearance at the end of the special. The polar bear was eventually used as an in-credit logo later in their specials from 1979 to 1980 and from after 1980 to 1988.

The Devil and Daniel Webster
"The Devil and Daniel Webster" (1936) is a short story by American writer Stephen Vincent Benét. He tells of a New Hampshire farmer who sells his soul to the devil and is later defended by a fictionalized Daniel Webster, a noted 19th-century American statesman, lawyer and orator. The narrative references real events in the lives of Webster and his family.

The story appeared in The Saturday Evening Post (October 24, 1936) and was published in book form by Farrar & Rinehart the following year. The story won the O. Henry Award. The author also adapted it in 1938 as a folk opera, with music by Douglas Stuart Moore, a fellow Yale University alumnus.
Battle of the North Inch
The Battle of the North Inch (also known as the Battle of the Clans) was a staged battle between the Clan Chattan and the "Clan Quhele" in September 1396. Thirty men were selected to represent each side in front of spectators, including King Robert III of Scotland and his court, on land that is now the North Inch park in Perth, Scotland.

The Clan Chattan killed all but one of their opponents, at a cost of 19 deaths on their own side, and were awarded the victory. It is not clear whom they were fighting: it may have been their traditional enemies Clan Cameron, or it may have been Clan Davidson, in an internal dispute for precedence in the confederation of Clan Chattan.

Clan Cameron
Clan Cameron is a West Highland Scottish clan, with one main branch Lochiel, and numerous cadet branches. The Clan Cameron lands are in Lochaber, and within their lands lies Ben Nevis, the highest mountain in the British Isles. The Chief of the clan is customarily referred to as simply "Lochiel".
Rickettsiales
The Rickettsiales, informally called rickettsias, are an order of small Alphaproteobacteria. They are obligate intracellular parasites, and some are notable pathogens, including Rickettsia, which causes a variety of diseases in humans, and Ehrlichia, which causes diseases in livestock. Another genus of well-known Rickettsiales is the Wolbachia, which infect about two-thirds of all arthropods and nearly all filarial nematodes. Genetic studies support the endosymbiotic theory according to which mitochondria and related organelles developed from members of this group. However, more recent examination has suggested that the mitochondria and Rickettsiales diverged independently.

The Rickettsiales are difficult to culture, as they rely on living eukaryotic host cells for their survival.

Ehrlichia
Ehrlichia is a genus of Rickettsiales bacteria that are transmitted to vertebrates by ticks. These bacteria cause the disease ehrlichiosis, which is considered zoonotic, because the main reservoirs for the disease are animals.

Ehrlichia species are obligately intracellular pathogens and are transported between cells through the host cell filopodia during initial stages of infection, whereas in the final stages of infection, the pathogen ruptures the host cell membrane.
Qingxiangping Subdistrict
Qingxiangping Subdistrict (Chinese: 清香坪街道; pinyin: Qīngxiāngpíng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Xi District, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China. As of 2020, it has six residential neighborhoods under its administration:

Yangjiaping Community (杨家坪社区)

Dashuijing Community (大水井社区)

Lubei Community (路北社区)

Lunan Community (路南社区)

Jinsha Community (金沙社区)

Zhixue Community (智学社区)

Xi District
Xi District (simplified Chinese: 西区; traditional Chinese: 西區; pinyin: Xī Qū; lit. 'West District') is a district of Panzhihua, Sichuan province, China. As of the end of 2020, it has a population of 129,406 residing in an area of 124 km2 (48 sq mi).
John B. Laskin
John B. Laskin is a justice of the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada.

He was appointed as a law professor at the University of Toronto, and subsequently worked as a trial and appellate lawyer for over 30 years at Torys LLP in Toronto.

His uncle is Bora Laskin, formerly chief justice of Canada. His cousin is John I. Laskin, formerly a judge of the Court of Appeal for Ontario.: xiii

Bora Laskin
Bora Laskin (October 5, 1912 – March 26, 1984) was a Canadian jurist who served as the 14th chief justice of Canada from 1973 to 1984 and as a puisne justice of the Supreme Court from 1970 to 1973. Before his Supreme Court service, he previously served on the Ontario Court of Appeal from 1965 to 1970. Prior to his appointment, Laskin worked as a lawyer and in academia.
Architecture of Argentina
The architecture of Argentina can be said to start at the beginning of the Spanish colonisation, though it was in the 18th century that the cities of the country reached their splendour. Cities like Córdoba, Salta, Mendoza, and also Buenos Aires conserved most their historical Spanish colonial architecture in spite of their urban growth.

San Ignacio Miní
San Ignacio Miní was one of the many missions founded in 1610 in Argentina, by the Jesuits in what the colonial Spaniards called the Province of Paraguay of the Americas during the Spanish colonial period. It is located near present-day San Ignacio valley, some 60 kilometers (37 mi) north of Posadas, Misiones Province, Argentina. In 1984, it was one of four reducciones in Argentina to be designated by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.
Worthington, Massachusetts
Worthington is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 1,193 at the 2020 census, up from 1,156 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Worthington is discussed by name in the Aaron Lewis song "Massachusetts" and referenced by the population size in "Country Boy". Both songs are on the album Town Line, released in 2011.

Hampshire County, Massachusetts
Hampshire County is a historical and judicial county located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. As of the 2020 census, the population was 162,308. Its most populous municipality is Amherst (due to seasonal student population; the largest year-round is Northampton, which is also its traditional county seat), and its largest town in terms of landmass is Belchertown. The county is named after the county Hampshire, in England. Hampshire County is part of the Springfield, MA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Together with Hampden County, Hampshire County municipalities belong to the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission.
Nelsonville, New Jersey
Nelsonville (formerly Newell and Imlaystown Station) is an unincorporated community located within Upper Freehold Township in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The settlement is located on County Route 526 between Allentown and Imlaystown where it intersects the former Pemberton and Hightstown Railroad. The site was the location of the Newell post office established in 1883 (removed in 1923). The area was originally known as Imlaystown Station as it was the closest spot to the eponymous town along the railroad. In 1887, the area was renamed to Nelsonville for the local postmaster, Charles Nelson. Other industries in the area at the time included a wagon shop and a cider mill. Today, several agricultural and light industries surround the settlement in addition to some single-family homes. The right-of-way of the former railroad is being reconstructed as the Union Transportation Trail.

Upper Freehold Township, New Jersey
Upper Freehold Township is a township in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 7,273, an increase of 371 (+5.4%) from the 2010 census count of 6,902, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,620 (+61.2%) from the 4,282 counted in the 2000 census.
David J. Brightbill
David J. "Chip" Brightbill (November 3, 1942 – November 6, 2025) was an American attorney and politician who was the Majority Leader of the Pennsylvania State Senate. He was a member of the Republican Party.

2005 Pennsylvania General Assembly pay raise controversy
In the early morning hours of July 7, 2005, the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed pay increases for state lawmakers, judges, and top executive-branch officials. The vote took place at 2 am without public review or commentary, and Governor Ed Rendell signed the bill into law. The raise increased legislators' base pay from 16% to 34% depending on position.
Kōan (Kamakura period)
Kōan (弘安) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year name") after Kenji and before Shōō.  This period spanned the years from February 1278 through April 1288. The reigning emperors were Go-Uda-tennō (後宇多天皇) and Fushimi-tennō (伏見天皇).

Emperor Fushimi
Emperor Fushimi (伏見天皇, Fushimi-tennō; 10 May 1265 – 8 October 1317) was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  His reign spanned the years from 1287 through 1298.
Caglio
Caglio (Valassinese Lombard: Caj [ˈkaj]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 404 and an area of 6.5 square kilometres (2.5 sq mi).

Caglio borders the following municipalities: Asso, Caslino d'Erba, Faggeto Lario, Nesso, Rezzago, Sormano.

Sormano
Sormano (Valassinese Lombard: Surman [surˈmãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Como. It is part of the mountain community of the Triangolo lariano, a local government with Canzo as its chief town and comprising the peninsula between the two branches of Lake Como.

Sormano borders the following municipalities: Asso, Barni, Bellagio, Caglio, Lasnigo, Magreglio, Nesso, Zelbio.

The Muro di Sormano is one of the most severe hills to have been used in road cycling. It is associated with the Giro di Lombardia.
Bjelice
Bjelice (Serbian: Бјелице/Bjelice) is a historical region and tribe of the Katunska nahija region of Old Montenegro. The tribe was one of the largest traditional tribes of Old Montenegro and one of nine tribes of the Katunska nahija, along with Cetinje, Njeguši, Ćeklići, Cuce, Ozrinići (Čevo), Pješivci, Zagarač and Komani.

Ozrinići (tribe)
Ozrinići (Serbian Cyrillic: Озринићи) is a historical tribe (pleme) and region in Montenegro. During the Ottoman period, it was one of the largest tribe of the Katunska nahija, one of the four territorial units of Old Montenegro.
Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound
The Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command. It coordinated the coast defenses of Long Island Sound and Connecticut from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program. These included both coast artillery forts (all but two on islands in the sound) and underwater minefields. The area defended included the approach via the Sound to New York City, the port cities and manufacturing centers of New London, New Haven, and Bridgeport, and eventually included the submarine base and shipyard in Groton. The command originated circa 1900 as an Artillery District, was renamed Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1913, and again renamed Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1925.

8-inch gun M1888
The 8-inch gun M1888 (203 mm) was a U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps gun, initially deployed 1898–1908 in about 75 fixed emplacements, usually on a disappearing carriage. During World War I, 37 or 47 of these weapons (references vary) were removed from fixed emplacements or from storage to create a railway gun version, the 8-inch Gun M1888MIA1, Barbette carriage M1918 on railway car M1918MI, converted from the fixed coast defense mountings and used during World War I and World War II.
North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco
The North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco is an American twin-turboprop light attack and observation aircraft. It was developed in the 1960s as a special aircraft for counter-insurgency (COIN) combat, and one of its primary missions was as a forward air control (FAC) aircraft. It can carry up to 3,200 lb (1,450 kg) of external munitions and internal loads such as paratroopers or stretchers, and can loiter for three or more hours.

19th Weapons Squadron
The 19th Weapons Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the USAF Weapons School at Nellis AFB, Nevada.

The squadron was first activated as the 19th Observation Squadron in March 1942.  The 19th originally flew antisubmarine missions during World War II, then moved to China in 1944 to begin observation missions in support of Chinese ground forces.  It later flew resupply missions to resistance forces operating behind enemy lines in French Indochina.

The squadron was redesignated the 19th Tactical Air Support Squadron, then organized in July 1963.  From 1963 through 1968 the 19th Tactical Air Support Squadron flew forward air support and observation missions over Vietnam until its mission was transferred to Osan AB, South Korea in 1972, where it provided Eighth US Army and Republic of Korea ground forces with aerial reconnaissance and close air support.
Bassanio
Bassanio is a fictional character in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.

Bassanio, the best friend of Antonio, is a spendthrift who wasted all of his money in order to be seen as a respectable man. To regain his fortune, he is determined to marry Portia, a wealthy, intelligent heiress of Belmont. In order to ask for her hand in marriage, Bassanio and his best friend, Antonio enter into an agreement with the usurer Shylock, which ultimately puts Antonio’s life in danger. He is not the main character of the play, but his 73 lines compared to Antonio's 47 and Portia's 117 shows that he still plays an important role.

Portia (The Merchant of Venice)
Portia is a female protagonist in The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare. In creating her character, Shakespeare drew from the historical figure of Porcia – the daughter of Cato the Younger – as well as several parts of the Bible.

Portia is fond of proverbs, frequently quoting them, which was considered a sign of wisdom and intellect in the Elizabethan era. It has been suggested that the character of Portia was based on Queen Elizabeth, who was reigning at the time the play was written, and who also had a penchant for proverbs.
Super Monkey's
Super Monkey's (スーパー・モンキーズ, Sūpā Monkīzu) was a Japanese pop-singing and dancing group that spawned the careers of Namie Amuro and some members of the girl group MAX. The group was active from 1991 to 1996.

Try Me (Watashi o Shinjite)
"Try Me" is a song originally recorded by English singer Lolita, written by  Hinoky Team with production from Italian producer Dave Rodgers. Avex Trax released the song on 21 December 1994 as Lolita's first and only single from the album of the same name. A month later, Japanese girl group Namie Amuro with Super Monkey's recorded their own rendition of the track, subtitled "Try Me (Watashi o Shinjite)" (Try Me (私を信じて), Translate: "Believe Me").

The song with a new track called "Memories (Ashita no Tame ni)" was released as the fifth single overall from the group. It peaked to number 8 on the Oricon chart, marking their highest-charted song at the time, selling 733,000 copies in the country. The group performed the track at the 37th Japan Record Awards.

The song later made its appearance on Amuro's commercial for the sportswear brand Minami in the same year.