hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lady Bay Bridge
Lady Bay Bridge is a road bridge of two lanes that spans the River Trent in West Bridgford, Nottingham. It is the bridge following (downstream) from Trent Bridge and connects the main thoroughfare of Radcliffe Road (on the south side) with Meadow Lane (on the north side).

West Bridgford
West Bridgford (/ˈbrɪdʒfərd/) is a town and the administrative centre of the borough of Rushcliffe, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies south of Nottingham city centre, east of Wilford, north of Ruddington and west of Radcliffe-on-Trent; it is also south-west of Colwick and south-east of Beeston, which are on the opposite bank of the River Trent. The town is part of the Nottingham Urban Area and had a population of 36,487 in the 2021 Census.
Ovifat
Ovifat (Walloon: Ôvîfa pronounced [õ.viː.'fa] ⓘ) is a village of Wallonia in the municipality of Waimes, district of Robertville, located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

It is one of the highest villages in Belgium.

The population is about 500. Its inhabitants are nicknamed Baras (rams).

Robertville, Belgium
Robertville (Walloon: Li Rbiveye (locally as Rebîveye or Rubîveye)) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Waimes, located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

On 1 January 2005 it had 2402 inhabitants.

It was a separate municipality (formed in 1922 by the fusion of the villages of Robertville, Ovifat, Sourbrodt and Outrewarche) before the 1977 merger of the municipalities. Prior to that date it was also the highest municipality in Belgium, marked by the Signal de Botrange, at 694 metres (2,277 feet).

It is the site of Reinhardstein Castle. It is also known for its dam across the Warche, built in 1928, which created the 62-hectare (150-acre) Lake Robertville to provide the Malmedy region with drinking water and to supplement the supply of electricity to Malmedy's now district of Bévercé.
Calera Creek
Calera Creek (Pacifica, California) is a stream in the Rockaway Beach and Vallemar neighborhoods of Pacifica, California.  The creek is named for the limestone deposits and historical Rockaway Quarry located nearby. With headwaters in the Sweeney Ridge national park, this creek presently enjoys wetlands restoration from the Calera Creek Water Recycling Plant, and contains habitat for the California red-legged frog and San Francisco garter snake.

37°36′39″N 122°29′50″W﻿ / ﻿37.61087°N 122.49720°W﻿ / 37.61087; -122.49720

Log, Calera Creek Wetlands, Pacifica

Coastline near Calera Creek

Rockaway Beach, Pacifica, California
Rockaway Beach is a shoreline area of the Pacific Ocean in the southern portion of Pacifica, California, United States, approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of the city of San Francisco. It is located within a gently curving embayment with direct access via Rockaway Beach Avenue and providing easy access to Highway 1.

The beach itself is a popular place to visit with many restaurant and shopping venues although erosion has decreased its size over the years. It is noted for its scenic overlook, and is one of the cleanest beaches in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Nicolae Neacșu
Nicolae Neacșu (1924 – 3 September 2002) was a Romanian lăutar and former member of the Clejani-based band Taraf de Haïdouks. He was considered to be one of the best Romani violinists in the world. His main disciple was Gheorghe "Caliu" Anghel, who still plays in the Taraf de Haïdouks.

Taraf de Haïdouks
Taraful Haiducilor ("Taraf of Haiduks") are a Romanian-Romani taraf (a troupe of lăutari, traditional musicians) from Clejani, Romania, and one of the most prominent such groups in post-Communist era Romania. In the Western world they have become known by the name given to them in French-speaking areas, where they are known as Taraf de Haïdouks.
Garfield Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan
Garfield Township, officially the Charter Township of Garfield, is a charter township of Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township had a total population of 19,499.

Garfield Township is the largest municipality in Northern Lower Michigan by population. Much of the township is suburban, due to its proximity to Traverse City. It is one of four charter townships in the Traverse City metropolitan area; the others being Elmwood Township in Leelanau County, and East Bay and Long Lake townships in Grand Traverse County.

Grand Traverse County, Michigan
Grand Traverse County (/ˈtrævərs/ TRAV-ərss) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,238, making it the most populous county in Northern Michigan. Its county seat is Traverse City. The county is part of the Traverse City metropolitan area, which also includes neighboring Benzie, Kalkaska, and Leelanau counties.

Long a part of territory under the Council of Three Fires (comprising the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi), Grand Traverse County's first European settlement was established in 1839. It was originally created in 1840 as Omeena County; however, it was reorganized in 1851 as Grand Traverse County. The county itself and Traverse City are named after Grand Traverse Bay, a bay of Lake Michigan.

Interlochen Center for the Arts, a prestigious boarding school, is located within the county.
Dairy Hill
Dairy Hill is a 1,844-foot-tall (562 m) summit located in Central New York Region of New York located in the Town of Norway in Herkimer County, southeast of Norway. The mountain is the former location of a 79-foot-6-inch-tall (24.23 m) steel fire lookout tower.

Norway, New York
Norway is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 762 at the 2010 census. The town is located in the central part of the county and is northeast of Utica.

The town borders the Adirondack Park.
Hustad Municipality
Hustad is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 120-square-kilometre (46 sq mi) municipality existed from 1918 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Hustadvika Municipality in the traditional district of Romsdal. The administrative centre was the village of Hustad where Hustad Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 120-square-kilometre (46 sq mi) municipality was the 478th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Hustad Municipality was the 408th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 2,199. The municipality's population density was 18.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (47/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 1.7% over the previous 10-year period.

Hustadvika Municipality
Hustadvika is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the traditional districts of Nordmøre and Romsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Elnesvågen. Other villages in the municipality include Hustad, Bud, Tornes, Sylte, Malme, Aureosen, Eide, Lyngstad, Vevang, and Visnes.

The 522-square-kilometre (202 sq mi) municipality is the 202nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Hustadvika Municipality is the 92nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 13,437. The municipality's population density is 25.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (67/sq mi) and its population has increased by 1.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Anna Boghiguian
Anna Boghiguian (born 1946) is an Egyptian contemporary artist. One of Egypt's foremost contemporary artists, her work investigates various historical events in a political context, such as the history of the cotton trade, the salt trade and the life of Egyptian Greek poet Constantine P. Cavafy. Her work frequently takes the form of vast installations composed of painted figures that are arranged to fill rooms.

Documenta (13)
Documenta 13 (stylised as dOCUMENTA (13)) was the thirteenth edition of the German contemporary art exhibition Documenta. It took place between 9 June until 16 September 2012 in Kassel, Germany. The exhibition was held under the theme "collapse and recovery". Exhibits could be seen in several venues in the city, among others in the Fridericianum museum, in the Orangerie and in the Karlsaue, a large urban park.

Its artistic director was the curator Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev who was chief curator of the Castello di Rivoli - Museo d'Arte Contemporanea in Turin and, in 2008, also head of the Biennale of Sydney.

The exhibition's welcoming of Occupy Wall Street protesters has been framed as a "watershed" moment in the decline of that movement.
Ballynamaddoo
Ballynamaddoo (from Irish Baile na Mada meaning 'Town of the Dogs (or Foxes)') is a townland in the 
civil parish of Templeport, County Cavan, Ireland. It lies in the Roman Catholic parish of Templeport and barony of Tullyhaw.

Templeport
Templeport (Irish: Teampall an Phoirt) is a civil parish in the barony of Tullyhaw, County Cavan, Ireland. The chief towns in the parish are Bawnboy and Ballymagauran. The large Roman Catholic parish of Templeport containing 42,172 statute acres was split up in the 18th & 19th centuries into three new parishes, Templeport, Corlough and Glangevlin.
Southern Minnesota Area Rural Transit
Southern Minnesota Area Rural Transit (SMART) is a provider of mass transportation in Freeborn, Mower, Steele, and Waseca counties in Minnesota, with deviated fixed-routes serving the major cities, as well as demand-response service across the counties. The service is operated by Cedar Valley Services, Inc. In 2019 the system provided 272,878 rides over 62,048 annual vehicle revenue hours with 13 buses and 15 paratransit vehicles.

Mower County, Minnesota
Mower County (/ˈmaʊ.ər/) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,029. The county seat is Austin. Mower County comprises the Austin Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Rochester-Austin Combined Statistical Area. Lake Louise State Park is in southeastern Mower County, near Le Roy.
Biographical evaluation
Biographical evaluation (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال, romanized: ʿilm ar-rijāl; literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men', but more commonly understood as the Science of Narrators) refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to establish the credibility of the narrators, using both historic and religious knowledge, in order to distinguish authentic and reliable hadiths from unreliable hadiths. ʿIlm ar-rijāl is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl (discrediting and accrediting) – the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators.

Ali ibn al-Madini
Abū al-Ḥasan ʻAlī ibn ʻAbdillāh ibn Jaʻfar al-Madīnī (778 CE/161 AH – 849/234) (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن عبد الله بن جعفر المديني) was a ninth-century Sunni Islamic scholar who was influential in the science of hadith. Alongside Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ibn Abi Shaybah and Yahya ibn Ma'in, Ibn al-Madini has been considered by many Muslim specialists in hadith to be one of the four most significant authors in the field.
Litchfield High School (Gadsden, Alabama)
Litchfield High School was a public high school in Gadsden, Alabama, serving grades nine through twelve. LHS was founded in 1958 as Litchfield Junior High School and was converted into a high school in 1975. The school bears the name of the former president of Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and inventor of the first tubeless automobile tire, Paul Weeks Litchfield.

It closed after the 2005–2006 academic school year after the Gadsden City Board of Education voted to construct a new facility - Gadsden City High School - and consolidate Litchfield, Emma Sansom, and Gadsden High Schools into one school.

Cory Middle school was later moved into the Litchfield High School buildings and renamed Litchfield Middle School.

Gadsden City High School
Gadsden City High School is a public high school, located in Gadsden, Alabama, United States serving approximately 1500 students in grades nine through twelve. The school is the only high school in the Gadsden City School System. Admission is open to any students living in Etowah County, Alabama.
Via Regia Lusatiae Superioris
The High Land Road (also Army Road or Salt Road) lat. via regia Lusatiae superioris, or strata regia, was a trade route and was one of the Ancient roads. It was a part of the Via Regia, which continued west as far as the Rhine.

Over several centuries the road was, along with the Low Road to the north, one of the most important transport links from Middle Germany to Silesia and east Poland. Like other Reichsstraße it was under protection e.g. of local regents. The Via Regia was also significant as a route to Santiago de Compostela from the east.

Via Regia
The Via Regia (Royal Highway) is a European Cultural Route following the route of the historic road of the Middle Ages. There were many such viae regiae associated with the king in the medieval Holy Roman Empire.
2002 FIFA World Cup qualification – CONCACAF semi-finals
The CONCACAF Semi-final round of the CONCACAF zone of the 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification, was contested between the 12 remaining teams of the qualification process. The teams were divided into three groups of four teams each. They would play against each other on a home-and-away basis. The group winners and runners-up would advance to the Final round.

2002 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)
The 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification,  ran from 2000 to  2001 in order to determine the three representatives at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. For an overview of the qualification rounds, see 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification.

A total of 35 CONCACAF teams entered the competition. Guyana were suspended by FIFA before playing, leaving 34 nations in the race. Mexico, USA, Jamaica and Costa Rica, the four highest-ranked teams according to FIFA, received byes and advanced to the semi-finals, while Canada advanced directly to the "play-offs" between Caribbean and Central teams. The remaining teams were divided into two zones, based on geographical locations.
St Mary's Church, Brighstone
50°38′32.6″N 01°23′40.5″W﻿ / ﻿50.642389°N 1.394583°W﻿ / 50.642389; -1.394583

St. Mary's Church is a parish church in the Church of England located in Brighstone, Isle of Wight. The churchyard contains a memorial stone to George Albert Cairns VC.

Brighstone
Brighstone is a village and civil parish on the Isle of Wight, 6 miles southwest of Newport on the B3399 road. Brighstone was previously known as "Brixton". The name means 'the farmstead or estate belonging to a man called Beorhtwīg', from Old English Beorhtwīg (personal name) and tūn. In 2011 the parish had a population of 1603.

Brighstone is one of the largest villages in the area locally known as the Back of the Wight and extends toward Limerstone and Mottistone.
In Roman times a villa was built to the north, to take advantage of the clean waters of the Buddle Brook.
Alunogen
Alunogen (from French alun, "alum"), also called feather alum and hair salt is a colourless to white (although often coloured by impurities, such as iron substituting for aluminium) fibrous to needle-like aluminium sulfate mineral. It has the chemical formula Al2(SO4)3·17H2O.

It is often found on the walls of mines and quarries as a secondary mineral. It can be found in the oxidation zones of some ore deposits as well as on burning coal dumps (i.e., as the product of millosevichite hydration). It also forms as a low temperature deposit in fumaroles. It occurs associated with pyrite, marcasite, halotrichite, pickeringite, epsomite, potash alum, melanterite and gypsum.

The crystallochemical formula, can be written as: [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3.5H2O. The second formula shows that H2O in the alunogen formula occurs both as ligand (coordinative form) and loosely bound (crystallization) form.

Pickeringite
Pickeringite is a magnesium aluminium sulfate mineral with formula MgAl2(SO4)4·22(H2O). It forms a series with halotrichite.

It forms as an alteration product of pyrite in aluminium rich rocks and in coal seams.
It also occurs in pyrite rich hydrothermal ore deposits in arid regions. It forms in fumaroles and in caves. It occurs with kalinite, alunogen, epsomite, melanterite, copiapite and gypsum.

It was first described in 1844 as reflective for an occurrence in Cerros Pintados, Pampa del Tamarugal, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. It was named for American linguist and philologist John Pickering (1777–1846).
Cordova, Alaska
Cordova (/kɔːrˈdoʊvə, ˈkɔːrdəvə/ kor-DOH-və, KOR-də-və) is a port city in Chugach Census Area, Alaska, United States. It lies near the mouth of the Copper River, at the head of Orca Inlet on the east side of Prince William Sound. The population was 2,609 at the 2020 census, up from 2,239 in 2010.

No roads connect Cordova to any other Alaskan communities (besides Eyak), so a plane or ferry is required to travel there.

Eyak, Alaska
Eyak (Igya'aq in Alutiiq; ’Iiyaaq(daat) in Eyak) is an Alaska Native Village Statistic Area within the city of Cordova, Alaska in Chugach Census Area, Alaska, United States. It was formerly a census-designated place (CDP) from 1980 to 1990, before being annexed to Cordova. As of 2010 the population was 128, down from 168 in 2000.

The community was named after the Eyak people.
Septum (coral)
In corals, a septum (plural septa) is one of the radiating vertical plates lying within the corallite wall. Outside the corallite wall these plates are known as costae (singular costa). The septa may be thick, thin or vary in size. They may have teeth which range from needle-like to blade-like and are often characteristic of different genera.

Costa (coral)
In corals, a costa (plural costae) is one of the vertical plates lying outside the corallite wall, a continuation of a septum (plural septa) which lies inside the wall. The costae may continue to the edge of the colony and in solitary species, such as those in the family Fungiidae, refers to the ridges on the underside of the coral.
Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.

Quantum number
In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. 
To fully specify the state of the electron in a hydrogen atom, four quantum numbers are needed. The traditional set of quantum numbers includes the principal, azimuthal, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers. To describe other systems, different quantum numbers are required. For subatomic particles, one needs to introduce new quantum numbers, such as the flavour of quarks, which have no classical correspondence.

Quantum numbers are closely related to eigenvalues of observables. When the corresponding observable commutes with the Hamiltonian of the system, the quantum number is said to be "good", and acts as a constant of motion in the quantum dynamics.
History of taxation in the United Kingdom
The history of taxation in the United Kingdom includes the history of all collections by governments under law, in money or in kind, including collections by monarchs and lesser feudal lords, levied on persons or property subject to the government, with the primary purpose of raising revenue.

Quarter days
In British and Irish tradition, the quarter days are the four dates in each year on which servants were hired, school terms started, and rents were due. They fell on four religious festivals roughly three months apart and close to the two solstices and two equinoxes.

The significance of quarter days is now limited, although rents for properties in England are often still due on the old English quarter days.

The quarter days have been observed at least since the Middle Ages, and they ensured that debts and unresolved lawsuits were not allowed to linger on. Accounts had to be settled, and a reckoning had to be made and publicly recorded on the quarter days.
Bilston North (ward)
Bilston North is a ward of City of Wolverhampton Council, West Midlands. As its name suggests, it covers the northern parts of the town of Bilston, such as Bunkers Hill, Portobello. It borders the Bilston South, Ettingshall North and East Park wards, and the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall. It forms part of the Wolverhampton South East constituency.

The Bilston campus of the City of Wolverhampton College and Moseley Park Secondary School are situated in the ward.

Portobello, West Midlands
Portobello is an area in Willenhall on the Wolverhampton side of the border, in the West Midlands, England.  It is situated to the east of Wolverhampton city centre and to the north of Bilston, in the Bilston North ward of the city council.  It was formerly part of Willenhall Urban District before Willenhall was split between Walsall and Wolverhampton.

Tall blocks of flats and shops in the area were at one point demolished. In 2018, the area began redevelopment, and an Aldi supermarket opposite the new housing development opened in December 2019.
Ján Bátik
Ján Bátik (born 17 January 1986 in Liptovský Mikuláš) is a retired Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 2002 to 2018.

He competed in the C1 event until 2005. He raced in the C2 event together with Tomáš Kučera from 2006 until 2018, when the discipline was discontinued. He also competed in the mixed C2 event alongside Simona Maceková in 2017 and Soňa Stanovská in 2018.

Bátik and Kučera won five medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold (2009), three silvers (2011, 2013, 2014) and a bronze (2007). They also won 4 golds and 2 bronzes at the European Championships, including a gold medal in the C2 event at the 2016 European Championships on their home course in Liptovský Mikuláš.

Soňa Stanovská
Soňa Stanovská (born 27 February 2000) is a Slovak slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2015. She competes in C1, K1 and kayak cross. She also competed in Mixed C2 with Ján Bátik in the 2018 season.

She won a bronze medal in the K1 team event at the 2021 World Championships in Bratislava. She also won a gold medal in the C1 team event at the 2022 European Championships in Liptovský Mikuláš.

She has won six medals at the World Junior Championships, with four silvers (C1 team: 2016, 2017; C1: 2017; K1: 2018) and two bronzes (K1 team: 2017; C1: 2018).

She was coached by her father Miroslav Stanovský. As of 2025 she is coached by former world champion Jana Dukátová.
L. A. Ring
Laurits Andersen Ring (Danish pronunciation: [ˈlɑwʁits ˈɑnɐsn̩ ˈʁeŋˀ]; 15 August 1854 – 10 September 1933) was one of the foremost Danish painters of the turn of the 20th century, who pioneered both symbolism and social realism in Denmark. Considered one of the masterpieces of Danish culture, his painting Summer Day by Roskilde Fjord was included in the 2006 Danish Culture Canon.

National Gallery of Denmark
The National Gallery of Denmark (Danish: Statens Museum for Kunst, also known as "SMK", literally State Museum for Art) is the Danish national gallery, located in the centre of Copenhagen.

The museum collects, registers, maintains, researches and handles Danish and foreign art dating from the 14th century to the present day.