hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preem
Preem is a Swedish fuel company historically operating the Gothenburg and Lysekil refineries, along with a nationwide supply and distribution network. It sells fuel via staffed stations with service shops, automatic stations and filling stations intended for heavy commercial traffic.

Mohammed Hussein Al Amoudi
Mohammed Hussein Ali Al Amoudi (Arabic: محمد حسين علي العمودي; born 21 July 1946) is an Ethiopian-born Saudi billionaire businessman.

Born in Ethiopia to a Yemeni father from Hadhramaut and a mother from Wollo Province, he migrated to Saudi Arabia with his brother Mauricet and became a Saudi citizen.

In 2026, his net worth was estimated by Bloomberg Billionaires Index at approximately US$9.3 billion. He was also listed as Ethiopia's richest man, the second richest Saudi Arabian citizen in the world. Al Amoudi made his fortune in construction and real estate before branching out to buy oil refineries in Sweden and Morocco. He is the largest individual foreign investor in Ethiopia and a major investor in Sweden.
Main–Weser Railway
The Main–Weser Railway (German: Main-Weser-Bahn) is a railway line in central Germany that runs from Frankfurt am Main via Gießen to Kassel. it is named after the railway company that built the line and also operated it until 1880. It was opened between 1849 and 1852 and was one of the first railways in Germany.

Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway
The Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway is a double-track, electrified high-speed railway between Hanover and Würzburg in Germany, 327 kilometres (203 mi) in length. The line, built between 1973 and 1991, was the longest contiguous new project constructed by Deutsche Bundesbahn. The total costs were almost DM 11.9 billion (around €6.1 billion; 1980/90s prices).

The line is part of the core network of the Trans-European Transport Networks. It is scheduled to be used by around 110 long-distance trains daily at up to 280 kilometres per hour (170 mph) during the day and by an average of 26 freight trains at night with a total of 37,460 gross tonnes (83 million pounds), running at up to 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph). In 2020, the number of passengers on the line was estimated to be 15.5 million. To date, it is the longest greenfield line for high-speed traffic in Germany.
Kojima District, Okayama
Kojima (児島郡, Kojima-gun) is a district located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district had an estimated population of 15,872 and a density of 514.32 persons per km2. The total area was 30.86 km2. On March 22, 2005 - the town of Nadasaki, along with the town of Mitsu (from Mitsu District), was merged into the expanded city of Okayama.

Mitsu District, Okayama
Mitsu District (御津郡, Mitsu-gun) was a district located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district had an estimated population of 22,923. The total area was 345.10 km2.

On April 1, 1900, the district was founded after the mergers of Mino and Tsudaka Districts.
Lygne
Lygne is a lake in the municipality of Hægebostad in Agder county, Norway.  The 7.56-square-kilometre (2.92 sq mi) lake is part of the river Lygna.  The lake begins near the village of Eiken in the north and stretches about 10.4 kilometres (6.5 mi) to the south to the village of Tingvatn.  Part of the western shore has fairly steep cliffs overlooking the lake, but the rest of the shoreline is relatively flat with houses and roads.

Tingvatn
Tingvatn is the administrative centre of Hægebostad municipality in Agder county, Norway.  The village is located along the river Lygna, just south of the lake Lygne.  The village of Eiken lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north and Snartemo lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the south.  The small village of Tingvatn has about 100 residents in it including the southern area which is also known as Birkeland.
Jevgeņijs Borodavko
Jevgeņijs Borodavko (born 4 November 1986) is a Latvian judoka.

Born in Riga. By finishing 7th at the 2007 European Judo Championships, he qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics, losing to Roberto Meloni in the first round of the middleweight (‍–‍90 kg) competition.

Borodavko also qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics, having moved to the half-heavyweight (‍–‍100 kg) division.  There he defeated Anthony Liu of American Samoa before losing to Dimitri Peters.

Anthony Liu (judoka)
Anthony Liu (6 June 1987 – 23 March 2022) was an American Samoan judoka. Liuw was born in Faga'alu and died in San Antonio, Texas on 23 March 2022. He qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics Men's 100 kg competition where he lost in the round of 32 to Jevgeņijs Borodavko.
Motorway Patrol
Motorway Patrol is a New Zealand observational documentary show created by Greenstone Pictures. The show follows the daily lives of police officers patrolling the motorways of New Zealand.

The show is also shown on ITV4 and Sky Mix in the United Kingdom.

Highway Patrol (Australian TV series)
Highway Patrol is an Australian factual television series screened on the Seven Network, which premiered on 21 September 2009. Highway Patrol follows members of the Victoria Police highway patrol (formerly the Traffic Management Unit) as they intercept traffic and other criminal offenders on roads in Victoria, Australia.
Venus of Monruz
The Venus of Monruz (also Venus of Neuchâtel, Venus of Neuchâtel-Monruz) is a Venus figurine of the late Upper Paleolithic, or the beginning Epipaleolithic, dating to the end of the Magdalenian, some 11,000 years ago. It is a black jet pendant in the shape of a stylized human body, measuring 18 mm in height. It was  discovered in 1991, at the construction of the N5 highway, at Monruz in the municipality of Neuchâtel, Switzerland.

The Venus figurines of Petersfels from a site near Engen, Germany, bear remarkable resemblance to the Venus of Monruz. Especially the biggest of them, called Venus from Engen may have been done by the same artist. It is also made of jet, and also dates to the Magdalenian – to c. 15,000 years ago. The sites of discovery of the two figurines are about 130 km apart.

Venus figurines of Petersfels
The Venus figurines of Petersfels are several small female statuettes from the Upper Paleolithic era, carved from jet lignite. The tallest figurine is called the Venus of Engen. The figurines were discovered in the Petersfels caves near Engen, Baden-Württemberg, excavated in 1927–1932 by Eduard Peters und Volker Toepfer and then in 1974–1976 and 1978 by Gerd Albrecht. They stand between 1.5 and 4 cm tall and are about 15,000 to 11,500 years old, created during the Magdalenian era. They are housed in the Museums of Freiburg im Breisgau and Engen.
Planning gain
Planning gains (or planning obligations) are ways that local authorities in the United Kingdom can secure additional public benefits from developers, during the granting of planning permission.

Planning gains seek to capture some of the uplift in land value which is generated by the granting of planning permission, and can be used to ensure that commercially viable development is not socially or environmentally unsustainable.  They are used to fund the provision of public goods, including affordable housing, community infrastructure (such as libraries or parks), or environmental safeguards.

In England and Wales, such arrangements are negotiated between the developer and the local planning authority (LPA), and take place under the terms of Section 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. In Scotland the equivalent is a Section 75 planning obligation (Section 75 of the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997).

Planning Act 2008
The Planning Act 2008 (c. 29) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom intended to speed up the process for approving major new infrastructure projects such as airports, roads, harbors, and energy facilities such as nuclear power and waste facilities. This was felt to be necessary after the 8-year approval process for Heathrow Terminal 5. Along with the Climate Change Bill and the Energy Bill, this bill was considered by the Brown administration to be one of the "three legislative pillars of the Government's strategy to secure long-term prosperity and quality of life for all." The Infrastructure Planning Commission has since been abolished and replaced with the Planning Inspectorate as of 31 March 2012.
Nelspruit Airport
Nelspruit Airport, South Africa is located about 9 km (6 mi) south west of the city of Mbombela. It was the city's original and only airport serving the region until the opening of Kruger Mpumalanga International Airport in 2002.

The airport is owned and operated by the Mbombela Local Municipality. As of 2018 it now serves mostly general aviation. There are over a hundred aircraft based at the airport. The majority of the aircraft are privately owned but there are several commercial aircraft based here as well.

There are several Authorised Maintenance Organisations (AMO), fire fighting, charter & training companies based at the airport. The airport is limited in its potential operations by its runway length of 875 m (2870 ft). The topography of the area prohibits expansion.

Among the airlines flying to Nelspruit Airport are Airlink and FlySafair.

Mbombela
Mbombela, formerly Nelspruit, is a city in northeastern South Africa. It is the capital of the Mpumalanga province. Located on the Crocodile River, the city lies about 110 km (68 mi) by road west of the Mozambique border, 330 km (210 mi) east of Johannesburg and 82 km (51 mi) north of the Eswatini border. Mbombela was one of the host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Nicholas Dirks
Nicholas B. Dirks is an American academic and a former Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley. Dirks is the author of numerous books on South Asian history and culture, primarily concerned with the impact of British colonial rule. In June 2020, Dirks was named president and CEO of The New York Academy of Sciences.

The Scandal of Empire
The Scandal of Empire: India and the Creation of Imperial Britain is a book written by Nicholas Dirks, who was at the time the Franz Boas Professor of Anthropology and Professor of History at Columbia University, United States. The book was published in 2006.

The book focuses on 18th century Britain and on one of its most dramatic political controversies, the impeachment and trial of Warren Hastings, the Governor-General of Bengal from 1774 to 1784.
Makedonikos B.C.
Makedonikos B.C., full name Makedonikos Neapolis B.C. (Greek: Μακεδονικός Νεάπολης K.A.E.) is a Greek professional basketball club. The club is located in Neapoli, Thessaloniki, Greece. The parent athletic club was founded in 1928, and the basketball department was founded in 1948. Makedonikos means "Macedonian" in Greek.

2004–05 ULEB Cup
The 2004–05 ULEB Cup was the third season of the second-tier level European professional club basketball competition, the EuroCup, which is organized by the Euroleague Basketball Company. The season started on November 9, 2004, and officially ended on April 19, 2005. The second-tier level EuroCup is the European-wide league level that is one tier below the EuroLeague level. Lietuvos rytas won the trophy, by defeating Makedonikos in the final, by a score of 78–74.
Air Intelligence of Russia
Air Intelligence of the Russian Air Force (Russian: Воздушная разведка ВВС РФ) is a branch of Russian Air Force responsible for creating an intelligence picture for Air Force missions and participating in creating an overall intelligence picture. Russian aerial reconnaissance is one of the oldest in the world and began to operate back in 1911. Includes a number of reconnaissance and research units on various topics related to air warfare and collaborates with the Military Intelligence Directorate.

Russian Air Force
The Russian Air Force (Russian: Военно-воздушные силы России, ВВС, romanized: Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii, VVS) is a branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which was formed on 1 August 2015, with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following Boris Yeltsin's creation of the Ministry of Defence. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the Imperial Russian Air Service (1912–1917) and the Soviet Air Forces (1918–1991).
Downfall (security vulnerability)
Downfall, known as Gather Data Sampling (GDS) by Intel, is a computer security vulnerability found in 6th through 11th generations of consumer and 1st through 4th generations of Intel Xeon Scalable x86-64 microprocessors. It is a transient execution CPU vulnerability which relies on speculative execution of Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instructions to reveal the content of vector registers.

Transient execution CPU vulnerability
Transient execution CPU vulnerabilities are vulnerabilities in which instructions, most often optimized using speculative execution, are executed temporarily by a microprocessor, without committing their results due to a misprediction or error, resulting in leaking secret data to an unauthorized party. The archetype is Spectre, and transient execution attacks like Spectre belong to the cache-attack category, one of several categories of side-channel attacks. Since January 2018 many different cache-attack vulnerabilities have been identified.
Forest City Stockade
The Forest City Stockade was built in central Minnesota to defend settlers in the area  from Indian attacks.  It became famous during the Dakota War of 1862, when it was besieged by the Dakota as part of  Little Crow's attack on Forest City. In the 21st century, the rebuilt stockade functions as a tourist attraction and memorial to the battle. Visitors to the site can visit a rebuilt stockade and see volunteers in 19th-century dress illustrate period life and activities.  A threshing bee takes place across the road in August.  The site of the stockade is between Litchfield and Forest City near Minnesota State Highway 24.

Attack on Forest City
The Attack on Forest City was a skirmish of the Dakota War of 1862. After fighting two engagements at Acton and Hutchinson, Chief Little Crow attacked the stockaded town of Forest City on September 4, 1862. The attack resulted in sporadic shootouts, the burning of several buildings, and the theft of horses found around the town, but the defenders repelled any attempt to damage the fort. After the attack, Little Crow's men moved on to Hutchinson.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Clay County, South Dakota
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Clay County, South Dakota.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Clay County, South Dakota, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 44 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  Another 2 properties were once listed but have since been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted September 26, 2025.

Clay County, South Dakota
Clay County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,967, and was estimated to be 15,245 in 2024. The county seat is Vermillion, which is also home to the University of South Dakota. The county is named for Henry Clay, American statesman, US Senator from Kentucky, and United States Secretary of State in the 19th century. Clay County comprises the Vermillion, SD Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Sioux City-Vermillion, Iowa-SD-Nebraska Combined Statistical Area.
Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Worcester district
Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Worcester district in the United States is one of 40 legislative districts of the Massachusetts Senate. It covers portions of Worcester county. Democrat Mike Moore of Millbury has represented the district since 2009.

Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.
Universidad Justo Sierra
Justo Sierra University, popularly known as El justo is a private university located in Mexico City. It is a part of the Sistema Educativo Justo Sierra.

It was founded by Prof. José Leopoldo Enrique Reyes Oliva (JRO) in 1991 in honor of Justo Sierra. It is located in many places in the metropolitan area, serving students from different states and countries.

Sistema Educativo Justo Sierra
Sistema Educativo Justo Sierra is a private school and university system in the Mexico City metropolitan area. Universidad Justo Sierra is a part of the system.

Its campuses include:

Plantel Acueducto (Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero) - Middle school, high school, and university

Plantel Aragón (San Juan de Aragón, Gustavo A. Madero) - One middle school campus and one high school campus

Plantel Azahares (Santa María Insurgentes, Cuauhtémoc) - High school

Plantel Insurgentes (Lindavista, Gustavo A. Madero) - High school

Plantel Jacarandas - One middle school campus and one high school campus

Plantel Bachillerato Tecnológico - Bachillerato (high school diploma)

Plantel Jardín - Kindergarten and primary school

Plantel Cien Metros - University

Plantel San Mateo (Naucalpan, State of Mexico) - Middle school, high school, and university

Plantel Ticomán - University
Brodiaea stellaris
Brodiaea stellaris is a species of flowering plant in the cluster-lily genus known by the common name starflower brodiaea.

The bulb  is endemic to northern California, where it grows on the serpentine soils of the North California Coast Ranges. Flowering peaks in May

Brodiaea
Brodiaea /ˌbroʊˈdiːə, ˌbroʊdiˈiːə/, also known by the common name cluster-lilies, is a monocot genus of flowering plants.

One school of thought places the genus in the family Themidaceae, while another school of thought places it in the subfamily Brodiaeoideae of the family Asparagaceae.  The USDA Plants Database still classifies the genus Brodiaea in the family Liliaceae.

Brodiaea species occur along the Pacific Coast region of North America, from British Columbia throughout California into the Baja California Peninsula. They are especially common in northern California.
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft (often just called Germaniawerft, "Germania shipyard") was a German shipbuilding company, located in the harbour at Kiel, and one of the largest and most important builders of U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I and the Kriegsmarine in World War II. The original company was founded in 1867 but went bankrupt and was bought out by Friedrich Krupp. Krupp was very interested in building warships and in the time before the First World War built a number of battleships for the Kaiserliche Marine, including SMS Posen, SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, SMS Kronprinz, and SMS Sachsen. A total of 84 U-boats were built in the shipyard during the war. After the war it returned to the normal production of yachts and transports.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
Quill Lake
Quill Lake (2016 population: 387) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Lakeside No. 338 and Census Division No. 10. It is 170 km east of Saskatoon and 200 km northeast of Regina.

The village is located just to the northwest of the Quill Lakes. The Quill Lakes wetland complex is a designated Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network site where many migrating shorebirds stop during long migrations. Because of this the village is also known by its residents as the "Goose Capital of Saskatchewan".

Division No. 10, Saskatchewan
Division No. 10 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the east-central part of the province. The most populous community in this division is Wynyard.
Parker Road station
Parker Road station (formerly East Plano Transit Center) is an intermodal transit facility in Plano, Texas. The station is located near  North Central Expressway (US 75) between Parker Road and Park Boulevard. Operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit, the station services DART rail, three bus routes, and five on-demand service zones.

The station is the northern terminus of the Red Line. It is also the northern terminus of the Orange Line during weekday peak hours.

As of May 2025, the station has the highest weekday ridership of all Red Line stations outside of Downtown Dallas, with an average of 2,018 riders on weekdays.

Red Line (DART)
The Red Line is a light rail line in Dallas, Texas operated by the Dallas Area Rapid Transit system.  It began operations in June 1996, and is one of two inaugural light rail lines in the DART rail system alongside the Blue Line.
Great Belt
The Great Belt (Danish: Storebælt, pronounced [ˈstoːɐˌpelˀt]) is a strait between the major islands of Zealand (Sjælland) and Funen (Fyn) in Denmark. It is one of the three Danish Straits.

Effectively dividing Denmark in two, the Belt was served by the Great Belt ferries from the late 19th century until the islands were connected by the Great Belt Fixed Link in 1997–98.

Sound Dues
The Sound Dues (or Sound Tolls; Danish: Øresundstolden) were a toll on the use of the Øresund, or "Sound" strait separating the modern day borders of Denmark and Sweden. The tolls constituted up to two thirds of Denmark's state income in the 16th and 17th centuries. The dues were introduced by King Eric of Pomerania in 1429 and remained in effect until the Copenhagen Convention of 1857 (with the sole exception of Swedish ships between 1658 and 1720). Tolls in the Great Belt had been collected by the Danish Crown at least a century prior to the establishment of the dues by Eric of Pomerania.