hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bruce K. Chapman
Bruce Kerry Chapman (born December 1, 1940) is the founder and current chairman of the board of the Discovery Institute, an American conservative think tank often associated with the religious right. He was previously a journalist, a Republican politician, and a diplomat. He is the author, most recently, of Politicians: The Worst Kind of People to Run the Government, Except for All the Others (Discovery Institute Press, 2018).

Discovery Institute
The Discovery Institute (DI) is a politically conservative think tank that advocates the pseudoscientific concept of intelligent design (ID). It was founded in 1991 in Seattle as a non-profit offshoot of the Hudson Institute.
It has been denounced as a "propaganda mill" by various prominent critics.

Its "Teach the Controversy" campaign aims to permit the teaching of anti-evolution, intelligent-design arguments in United States public high school science courses in place of accepted scientific theories, positing that a scientific controversy exists over whether evolution is a reality, when in fact there is none.
Lynley (TV series)
Lynley is a British crime drama television series that is an adaptation of the Inspector Lynley novel series by Elizabeth George. Leo Suter plays the title role, Detective Inspector (DI) Tommy Lynley, alongside Sofia Barclay as Detective Sergeant (DS) Barbara Havers. The series premiered on 4 September 2025 on BritBox in the United States and on 5 January 2026 on BBC One in the United Kingdom.

Leo Suter
Leo Suter (born 26 September 1993) is an English actor. He is best known for playing Harald Sigurdsson in the Netflix series Vikings: Valhalla (2022–2024). His other credits include Bad Education (2012), Victoria (2017), Ransom (2017), Clique (2018), Beecham House (2019), Sanditon (2019), Intelligence (2020), and The Liberator (2020). He presently stars as the title role of Detective Inspector Thomas Lynley in the BBC/BritBox crime drama Lynley.
Nigel Patrick
Nigel Dennis Patrick Wemyss-Gorman (2 May 1912 – 21 September 1981) was an English actor and stage director born into a theatrical family.

During the late 1940s and 1950s, he became known as a debonair leading man in British films, though he could also portray rogues. He featured in The Sound Barrier (aka, Breaking Through the Sound Barrier, 1952), under the direction of David Lean.

The Sound Barrier
The Sound Barrier  is a 1952 British aviation drama film directed by David Lean. It is a fictional story about attempts by aircraft designers and test pilots to break the sound barrier. It was David Lean's third and final film with his wife Ann Todd but it was his first for Alexander Korda's London Films, following the break-up of Cineguild. The Sound Barrier stars Ralph Richardson, Ann Todd, John Justin and Nigel Patrick. It was known in the United States as Breaking Through the Sound Barrier and Breaking the Sound Barrier.

The Sound Barrier was a box-office success on first release but it has become one of the least-known of Lean's films. Following on In Which We Serve (1942), the film is another of Lean's ventures into a genre of film making where impressions of documentary film are created.
HMRK Zrinjski Mostar
HMRK Zrinjski Mostar (Croatian: Hrvatski muški rukometni klub Zrinjski Mostar, English: Croat Men's Handball Club Zrinjski Mostar) is a Croat-founded men's handball team from the city of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The club plays in the First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – South. It is part of the Zrinjski Mostar sport society. Fans of HMRK Zrinjski are known as Ultras.

Zrinjski's greatest accomplishment has been reaching the Last 16 of the 2017–18 EHF Challenge Cup and winning the National Cup in 2017.  The team squad consists of more than 90% of players from Mostar.

Mostar
Mostar (pronounced [mǒstaːr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative centre of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina.

Mostar is situated on the Neretva River and is the fifth-largest city in the country. Mostar was named after the bridge keepers (mostari) who guarded the Stari Most (Old Bridge) over the Neretva during the Ottoman era. The Old Bridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most visited landmarks, and is considered an exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkans.
You Know How We Do It
"You Know How We Do It" is a song by American rapper, actor and filmmaker Ice Cube, released as the second single from his fourth studio album, Lethal Injection (1993). The song was released in 1994 by Lench Mob and Priority Records, and was a No. 30 hit on the US Billboard Hot 100. Its music video was directed by Marcus Raboy and filmed in Las Vegas. Musically, the song is in the G-funk genre, "You Know How We Do It" samples "The Show Is Over" by Evelyn "Champagne" King, "Summer Madness" by Kool & the Gang, and "Billie Jean" by Michael Jackson.

Marcus Raboy
Marcus Raboy (born November 30, 1965) is an American film and music video director.

Since the early 1990s, Raboy has amassed a large number music video credits directing music videos for Mary J. Blige, Dixie Chicks, Rihanna, Luther Vandross, Shakira, Santana, and Westlife among other notable artists.

His feature film credits are Friday After Next (2002) and Janky Promoters (2009) both starring Ice Cube and Mike Epps.

Raboy grew up in New York City and attended New York University. He is managed by David Naylor & Associates and currently resides in Los Angeles.
Lac qui Parle County seat controversy
Lac qui Parle County, in Minnesota, United States, had two battles for its county seat during the 1800s.  The first was between Williamsburg and Lac qui Parle Village.  The second was between Dawson and Madison which culminated in the county courthouse being stolen and a case being brought to the Minnesota Supreme Court.

After the establishment of Lac qui Parle County in 1871 by the Minnesota Legislature, a dispute over the county seat almost immediately erupted between Williamsburg (now a ghost town) and Lac qui Parle Village. In 1872, Lac qui Parle Village was declared to be the county seat. The county board met in the hotel and post office building of Lac qui Parle Village from 1871 to 1875, then in a rented space in the local general store until 1883 when a new wooden frame courthouse was built.  This courthouse was 30 by 40 feet (9.1 by 12.2 m) and two stories high.

Lac qui Parle, Minnesota
Lac qui Parle (/ˌlæk kiː ˈpɑːrl/ LAK kee PARL) is an unincorporated community in Lac qui Parle Township, Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota, United States. Lac qui Parle Village is the county's first permanently settled community, starting in 1868.

During the Dakota war of 1862, the community was vacated.

Lac qui Parle village was the original county seat for Lac qui Parle County.  The county board met in the hotel and post office building from 1871 to 1875, then in a rented space in the local general store until 1883 when a new courthouse was built.  The courthouse was later moved to Madison, in 1889, after a county election chose Madison as the new seat. In 1899, ten years later, a new courthouse was built in Madison which is now on the United States National Register of Historic Places.
Highway M18 (Ukraine)
Highway M18 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Kharkiv to the southern coast of Crimea in Yalta. The highway is also has an alternative route (M29) which runs parallel and designed as an expressway between Kharkiv and Novomoskovsk.  The section from Novomoskovsk to Yalta is part of European route E105. The section from Kharkiv to Krasnohrad was previously P51.

The section between Yalta and the border of Crimea belongs to Crimea which has been annexed by Russia in 2014. Russia refers to the section in Crimea as 35A-002. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia took direct control of the whole section of the road in Kherson Oblast and a part of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast section.

Highway M29 (Ukraine)
M29 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) in eastern Ukraine that runs from Kharkiv to Dnipro parallel to the M18. It is also known as Kharkiv – Dnipro motorway, although it does not have an official motorway designation. The entire route is part of European route E105.
Benny Goldschmidt
Benny Goldschmidt (2 October 1810 - 8 November 1892) was a Jewish-Danish businessman and philanthropist. He was one of the two owners of Goldschmidt & Nordholm and the founder of Goldschmidts Stiftelse at Ryesgade 19 in Copenhagen.

Ryesgade
Ryesgade is a street straddling  the border of the Nørrebro and Østerbro districts of Copenhagen, Denmark. Together with Ravnsborggade, its continuation to the south, it forms the backbone of a small neighbourhood bounded by The Lakes to the east, Blegdamsvej to the west, Nørrebrogade to the south and Østerbrogade to the north. The busy artery Fredensgade and the adjacent Fredens Park, effectively separates the Nørrebro and Østerbro portions of Ryesgade from each other. Ryesgade was formerly known for its many second-hand stores of which a few still exist today.
Tucson Saguaros
The Tucson Saguaros are a professional baseball team based in Tucson, Arizona, that began play in 2016. The club is a member of the Pecos League, an independent baseball league which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball or Minor League Baseball.

Salina Stockade (baseball)
The Salina Stockade were a professional baseball team based in Salina, Kansas that began play in 2016. From 2017-2019 it was a traveling team which competed in various leagues when a league has an uneven number of teams. For the 2020 and 2021 seasons they returned to the Pecos League where they originally played before again leaving for the 2022 season only participating in the spring league.
Tahoma High School
Tahoma High School (THS), formerly Tahoma Senior High School (TSHS), is a public high school serving grades nine through twelve and is the only high school in the Tahoma School District. The school provides for citizens in southeast King County, and has been housed in multiple buildings, the current one being a three-story structure in Maple Valley built in 2017.

Maple Valley, Washington
Maple Valley is a city in King County, Washington, United States. The population was 28,013 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 28,553 in 2024. The city functions as a commuter town to Seattle for residents, though there is an increasing amount of commercial activity in the area.
Yoshiki Nakajima
Yoshiki Nakajima (中島 ヨシキ, Nakajima Yoshiki; born June 26, 1993) is a Japanese voice actor and singer affiliated with 81 Produce. He is known for his roles as Tetora Nagumo in Ensemble Stars!, Billy Wise in HELIOS Rising Heroes, Jiro Yamashita in The Idolmaster: SideM and Yoshifumi Nitta in Hinamatsuri.

In addition to voice acting, Nakajima is also a member of UMake  with fellow voice actor Kent Itō. He also provides vocals and guitar to the band Sir Vanity, a band he formed with Yuichiro Umehara and two other musicians.

Ensemble Stars!
Ensemble Stars! (あんさんぶるスターズ！, Ansanburu Sutāzu!) is a Japanese game franchise developed by Cacalia Studio and published by Happy Elements K.K., the Japanese division of the Chinese company Happy Elements. A spin-off of the 2012 game Ensemble Girls!, it was first released as a life simulation gacha game on Google Play on April 28, 2015, and on the App Store on May 1, 2015.

On March 9, 2020, Ensemble Stars! was rebranded and relaunched under the title Ensemble Stars!! (あんさんぶるスターズ！！, Ansanburu Sutāzu!!; with two exclamation marks), with the original app split into two games catering to different gameplay styles: Ensemble Stars!! Basic, the original game; and Ensemble Stars!! Music, a rhythm game.

The success of the game led to several stage plays and manga adaptations. An anime television series by David Production aired from July 7 to December 22, 2019.  A theatrical anime premiered on March 4, 2022.
Phil Scott
Philip Brian Scott (born August 4, 1958) is an American politician, stock car racer, and businessman who has served since 2017 as the 82nd governor of Vermont. A member of the Republican Party, he was a representative for the Washington District in the Vermont Senate from 2001 to 2011 and the 81st lieutenant governor of Vermont from 2011 to 2017.

Scott was first elected governor of Vermont in the 2016 general election, and was reelected in 2018, 2020, 2022, and 2024. Scott's 2024 margin of victory is the largest in any Vermont gubernatorial election since 1946. As of 2025, Scott is the second-longest serving incumbent governor in the U.S.

One of the nation's most popular governors, Scott is often described as a moderate Republican or a liberal Republican. According to the Cook Partisan Voting Index, Vermont is the most Democratic-leaning U.S. state (D+17).

Vermont Senate
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members elected from multi-member districts. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms a senator may serve.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the U.S. Senate, the Vermont Senate has special functions, such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions, boards, and (for the first six-year term) the state's judiciary.

The Vermont Senate meets at the Vermont State House in the state capital of Montpelier.
Kuroishi Domain
Kuroishi Domain (黒石藩, Kuroishi-han) was a tozama feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.   It is located in northwestern Mutsu Province, Honshū. Its territory included 2000 koku in the area around present-day city of Kuroishi, 1000 koku in present-day Hiranani, and 2000 koku in what is now part of Ōta, Gunma. The domain was centered at Kuroishi Jin'ya, located in the center of what is now the city of Kuroishi in Aomori Prefecture.

Kuroishi, Aomori
Kuroishi (黒石市, Kuroishi-shi) is a city located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2023, the city had an estimated population of 31,540 in 13,948 households  and a population density of 150 people per km2. The total area of the city is 217.05 square kilometers (83.80 sq mi).
Triops
Triops, from Ancient Greek τρία (tría), meaning "three", and ὄψ (óps), meaning "face" or "eye", is a genus of small crustaceans in the order Notostraca (tadpole shrimp). The long-lasting resting eggs of several species of Triops are commonly sold in kits as pets. The animals hatch upon contact with fresh water. Most adult-stage Triops have a life expectancy of up to 90 days and can tolerate a pH range of 6 to 10. In nature, they often inhabit temporary pools.

Triops newberryi
Triops newberryi is a species of Triops found on the western coast of North America, commonly in valleys throughout the states of Washington, Oregon, California, and small areas of Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, and Mexico, with at least one disjunct population in Kansas. They are found in vast numbers though in the Coachella Valley in California. T. newberryi has been reported to have potential as a biocontrol agent for larval mosquitoes breeding in seasonally-flooded habitats. T. newberryi is genetically distinct from T. longicaudatus, the dominant species in the Central United States.
Omaha Packers
The Omaha Packers were a minor league baseball team based in Omaha, Nebraska. Between 1879 and 1935, Omaha minor league teams had a long tenure as members of the Western League and Western Association, winning five league championships. Omaha teams played under numerous other nicknames prior to the becoming the "Packers" in 1930.

Baseball Hall of Fame members Mordecai Brown (1902), Joe Kelley (1892), Heinie Manush (1922), Kid Nichols (1889) and Frank Selee (1888-1889, MGR) were all members of Omaha teams.

After a partial season in 1936, the Omaha Packers were succeeded in the Western League by the Omaha Cardinals in 1947.

Frank Selee
Frank Gibson Selee (October 26, 1859 – July 5, 1909) was an American Major League Baseball manager in the National League (NL).  In his 16-year Major League career, he managed the Boston Beaneaters (1890–1901) and Chicago Orphans / Cubs (1902–1905), winning 1,284 games. Selee managed the Beaneaters during their 1890s run of five NL championships. His 1892 and 1898 teams each won 100 games, becoming the first teams to ever achieve the mark in baseball history (only one other team achieved the feat in the 19th century); their 102 wins in each season would not be surpassed by a National League team until 1902. After joining the Orphans, he helped build the team that would become the Cubs dynasty of the 1900s. He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999.
Virginia State Route 150
State Route 150 (SR 150) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Known as Chippenham Parkway, the state highway runs 15.19 miles (24.45 km) from Interstate 95 (I-95) and SR 895 in Bensley north to Parham Road and River Road near Tuckahoe in Henrico County.  SR 150 is a four- to six-lane circumferential highway that connects the Chesterfield County suburbs of Richmond with western Henrico County and, via SR 895, eastern Henrico County and Richmond International Airport.  The highway is a freeway except for a short stretch east of SR 147 in Richmond.  SR 150 has junctions with all of the radial highways south of the James River, including I-95, U.S. Route 1 (US 1), US 301, US 360, US 60, and SR 76.

Virginia State Route 147
State Route 147 (SR 147) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 13.13 miles (21.13 km) from U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in Midlothian east to US 60 in Richmond.  In various places, it is known as Huguenot Road, River Road, Cary Street Road and Main Street. SR 147 connects Midlothian with the West End of Richmond via the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River.  Within Richmond, the state highway follows Cary Street, a major thoroughfare that connects the city's two major universities, the University of Richmond and Virginia Commonwealth University, with Downtown Richmond.
Survivor (franchise)
Survivor is a reality-competition television franchise produced globally. The show features a group of contestants deliberately marooned in an isolated location, where they must provide basic survival necessities for themselves. The contestants compete in challenges for rewards and immunity from elimination. The contestants are progressively eliminated from the game as they are voted out by their fellow contestants until only one remains to be awarded the grand prize and named the "Sole Survivor".

The British television producer Charlie Parsons developed the format for Survivor in 1992 for Planet 24, a United Kingdom television production company; the Swedish version, which debuted in September 1997 as Expedition Robinson, became the first Survivor series to be broadcast on television. Since its launch in 2000, the flagship American version of Survivor has aired 49 seasons of the show. The 50th season, commemorating the show's 25th anniversary, began airing February 2026.

Robinson Ekspeditionen
Robinson Ekspeditionen is a popular Danish reality television program debuting in 1998. In the spring of 1998 TV3 purchased the broadcast rights to air their own version of Expedition Robinson. Following the success of the Swedish version, Denmark was the first country to adopt their own version of the show. The show has proven to be a ratings success since its premiere in 1998.

The name alludes to both Robinson Crusoe and The Swiss Family Robinson, two stories featuring people marooned by shipwrecks.
Superman (serial)
Superman is a 1948 15-part Columbia Pictures film serial based on the comic book character Superman. It stars an uncredited Kirk Alyn (billed on-screen only by his character's name, Superman; but credited as Kirk Alyn on the promotional posters) and Noel Neill as Lois Lane. It was the first live-action appearance of Superman on film. The serial was directed by Thomas Carr (who later directed many early episodes of the Adventures of Superman television series) and Spencer Gordon Bennet, produced by Sam Katzman, and shot in and around Los Angeles, California. It was originally screened at movie matinées, and after the first three scene-setting chapters, every episode ends on a cliffhanger. The Superman-in-flight scenes are animations, in part due to the small production budget.

A tremendous financial success, the serial made Kirk Alyn famous and launched Noel Neill's career. A sequel serial, Atom Man vs. Superman, also directed by Bennet, was released in 1950.

Sam Katzman
Sam Katzman (July 7, 1901 – August 4, 1973) was an American film producer and director. Katzman's specialty was producing low-budget genre films, including serials, which had disproportionately high returns for the studios and his financial backers. In the 1930s, he produced numerous Western films for Victory Pictures and Puritan Pictures, and in the 1940s, he produced 22 East Side Kids features for Monogram Pictures. As well as producing the Jungle Jim series, in the 1950s, Katzman and his studio Clover Productions made science fiction, horror, and teen films for Columbia Pictures, including Creature with the Atom Brain (1955), Rock Around the Clock, Earth vs. the Flying Saucers, The Werewolf (all 1956), and The Giant Claw (1957). Katzman also produced two musicals starring Elvis Presley for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM): Kissin' Cousins (1964) and Harum Scarum (1965).
Razi Shirazi
Ayatollah Sayyid Radhi Husayni Shirazi (Persian: رضى حسينى شيرازى; Arabic: رضي الحسيني الشيرازي;  29 March 1927 – 1 December 2021), also known as Razi Shirazi, was an Iranian Shia who was a jurist, philosopher and theologian. He was the great-grandson of the renowned Shia jurist, Mirza Shirazi, the pioneer of the Tobacco protest. He was the Imam of the Shifa mosque in Yousefabad.

Mirza Shirazi
Grand Ayatollah Mujaddid Mirza Abu Mohammad Mu'izuddin Mohammad Hassan Hosseini Shirazi (Persian: ابومحمد معزالدین محمدحسن حسينى شيرازی; Arabic: أبو محمد معز الدين محمد حسن الحسيني الشيرازي: 25 April 1815 – 20 February 1895), better simply known as Mirza Shirazi (Persian: میرزا شيرازی; Arabic: الميرزا الشيرازي), was an Iranian Shia marja'.

After the death of Murtadha Ansari, he was known to be the supreme Shia leader of his time, and gained fame for his celebrated 1891 verdict against the usage of tobacco in what became known as the Tobacco Protest in the Qajar era.

He is dubbed as the mujaddid (renewer of the religion) of the 13th century of the Islamic era by Shias.
Junior G-Men of the Air
Junior G-Men of the Air is a 1942 Universal film serial starring the Dead End Kids and the Little Tough Guys. A group of youthful flying enthusiasts join the "Junior G-Men" to help break up a planned attack on the United States.

Little Tough Guys
The Little Tough Guys (later billed as Dead End Kids and Little Tough Guys) were a group of actors who made a series of films and serials released by Universal Studios from 1938 through 1943.  Many of them were originally part of The Dead End Kids, and several of them later became members of The East Side Kids and The Bowery Boys.