hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South African rand
The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents.

The South African rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area member states of Namibia, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with these three countries also having national currencies (the dollar, the loti, and the lilangeni respectively) pegged with the rand at parity and still widely accepted as substitutes. The rand was also legal tender in Botswana until 1976, when the pula replaced the rand at par.

The rand is legal tender in Zimbabwe as part of its multiple currency system, which also includes other currencies such as the euro, the pound sterling, the US dollar, and the Zimbabwean ZiG.

Cent (currency)
The cent is a monetary unit of many national currencies that equals a hundredth (1⁄100) of the basic monetary unit. The word derives from the Latin centum, 'hundred'.

The cent sign is commonly a simple minuscule (lower case) letter c. In North America, the c is crossed by a diagonal or vertical stroke (depending on typeface), yielding the character ¢.

The United States one cent coin is generally known by the nickname "penny", alluding to the British coin and unit of that name. Australia ended production of their 1c coin in 1990, New Zealand last produced their 1c coin in 1988, as did Canada in 2012 and the US in 2025. Some Eurozone countries ended production of the 1 euro cent coin, most recently Slovakia in 2022.
Psi3 Aurigae
Psi3 Aurigae is a single, blue-white hued star in the northern constellation of Auriga. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ψ3 Aurigae, and abbreviated Psi3 Aur or ψ3 Aur. This star is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.20. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 3.66 mas as seen from the Earth, it is approximately 890 light-years (270 pc) distant from the Sun.

This is a B-type giant star with a stellar classification of B8 III. It has about 4.2 times the radius of the Sun and is spinning with a relatively high projected rotational velocity of 118 km/s. The star is radiating 1,624 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 13,361 K.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Zhu Ting (volleyball)
Zhu Ting (Chinese: 朱婷; pinyin: Zhū Tíng; born 29 November 1994) is a professional Chinese volleyball player. She is an outside hitter and former captain of the China women's national volleyball team. She currently plays for Imoco Volley Conegliano.

Zhu has won several gold medals in international competitions with the Chinese national team, including at the 2016 Olympic Games and the 2015 and 2019 World Cups.

Since her debut in 2011, Zhu has received 15 MVP awards at club and international level, including the MVP award of the women's volleyball tournament at the Rio Olympic Games 2016. She is one of the most decorated and successful indoor volleyball players of all time and is widely regarded as one of the best female volleyball players of her era, and one of the greatest of all time. She was the highest paid professional volleyball player in the world, male or female, as of the 2018–2019 season.

2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship
The 2017 FIVB Women's Club World Championship was the 11th tournament. It was held for the first time at Kobe Green Arena in Kobe, Japan. Eight teams competed in the tournament, including four wild cards.

Vakıfbank İstanbul won their second world title, defeating Rio de Janeiro in the final, 3–0. Zhu Ting was elected the most valuable player.
NE612
The NE612 was an integrated circuit for processing of signals, such as in the transmission of radio signals. It consists of an oscillator and a mixer.

It could handle signal frequencies of up to 500 MHz and local oscillator frequencies of up to 200 MHz.

The mixer was a “Gilbert cell” multiplier configuration which provides both a gain of 14 dB and a noise figure of 5 dB at 45 MHz.

The IC belongs to a family of the following ICs: NE602, SA602, NE612 and SA612. It was widely used in amateur radio applications, e.g. in the commercial Elecraft products, and others.

Local oscillator
In electronics, the term local oscillator (LO) refers to an electronic oscillator when used in conjunction with a mixer to change the frequency of a signal. This frequency conversion process, also called heterodyning, produces the sum and difference frequencies from the frequency of the local oscillator and frequency of the input signal to the mixer. Processing a signal at a fixed frequency gives a radio receiver improved performance. In many receivers, the function of local oscillator and mixer is combined in one stage called a "converter" - this reduces the space, cost, and power consumption by combining both functions into one active device.

The term local refers to the fact that the frequency is generated within the circuit and is not reliant on any external signals, although the frequency of the oscillator may be tuned according to external signals.
Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Act 2023
The Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Act 2023 (c. 39) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom affecting UK labour law designed to force trade union workers in England, Scotland and Wales to provide a minimum service during a strike in health, education services, fire and rescue, border security, transport and nuclear decommissioning. The law was criticised as being not in the 2019 Conservative Party manifesto, being a violation of human rights, and being a violation of international law.

The Scottish Government confirmed that it would not enforce the act in Scotland.

The act was repealed in December 2025 by the Employment Rights Act 2025.

Employment Rights Act 2025
The Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), also known as the Workers' Rights Bill and simply the Employment Bill, is a bill of the Government of the United Kingdom introduced to the House of Commons by the Labour government of Keir Starmer in 2024 which aims to modernise employment law and strengthen worker's rights and trade union rights in Scotland, England and Wales. It will ban "exploitative" zero-hour contracts, fire and rehire and create the Fair Work Agency.
Coney Island, County Down
Coney Island is a small seaside hamlet and townland of 48 acres (19 hectares) in County Down, Northern Ireland, between the villages of Ardglass and Killough. It is situated in the civil parish of Ardglass and the historic barony of Lecale Lower. There is a small caravan park at Coney Island.

It is not actually an island but includes a narrow peninsula which may at one time have been cut off by the sea. The name of the townland is recorded as Conningsiland in 1635, as Cony Is in 1640 and as Conny-Island in 1669. Coney or Cony is a medieval English word meaning rabbit.

Killough
Killough (/kɪˈlɒx/ ki-LOKH; from Irish Cill Locha, meaning 'church of the loch') is a village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the Irish Sea shore near Ardglass, five miles southeast of Downpatrick. It is a conservation area known for its sycamore-lined main street. In the 2001 census, it had a population of 845 people.
Orlov (diamond)
The Orlov (sometimes spelled Orloff), also often considered to be the same diamond known as The Great Mughal Diamond, is a large diamond of Indian origin, currently displayed as a part of the Diamond Fund collection of Moscow's Kremlin Armoury. It is described as having the shape and proportions of half a chicken's egg. In 1774, it was encrusted into the Imperial Sceptre of Russian Empress Catherine the Great.

Diamond Fund
The Diamond Fund (Russian: Алмазный фонд) is a unique collection of gems, jewelry and natural nuggets, which are stored and exhibited in the Kremlin Armoury in Russia. The Fund was opened in 1967 and its collection dates back to the Russian Crown treasury instituted by Emperor Peter I of Russia in 1719.
Joel Armia
Joel Armia (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈjo̞e̞l ˈɑrmiɑ]; born 31 May 1993) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who is a winger for the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL).  He was selected in the first round, 16th overall, by the Buffalo Sabres in the 2011 NHL entry draft. Armia has also previously played professionally for Porin Ässät of the SM-liiga as well as the Winnipeg Jets and Montreal Canadiens.

Finland men's national ice hockey team
The Finnish men's national ice hockey team, nicknamed Leijonat / Lejonen ("The Lions" in Finnish and Swedish), is governed by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association. Finland is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in the world and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, the United States, Czechia, Russia, and Sweden.

Finland won the world championship in 2022, their fourth title after 1995, 2011 and 2019. A duo of silver medals (1988, 2006) remained the country's best Olympic result until 2022 when the Finns won their first Olympic gold after defeating Russia. At the Canada/World Cup, their best achievement is a silver medal which they won in 2004.
Kung Fu Nuns
The Kung Fu Nuns (or 'Kung Fu Nuns of Nepal') are an order of Buddhist nuns who belong to the Drukpa Kagyu lineage, a thousand-year-old sect led by the Gyalwang Drukpa. Their name comes from the order's proficiency in Chinese martial arts, which they began learning in 2008 after the 12th Gyalwang Drukpa authorised training for them despite centuries-old Buddhist laws banning exercise for nuns.

The Drukpa nuns are best known for their social activism and humanitarian work. They also occupy leadership roles in their nunneries, performing basic trades and management skills.

Drukpa Kagyu
The Drukpa or Drukpa Kagyu (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་པ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད) lineage, sometimes called Dugpa in older sources, is a branch of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. The Kagyu school is one of the Sarma or "New Translation" schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Drukpa lineage was founded in the Tsang region of Tibet by Tsangpa Gyare (1161–1211), and later became influential in Ladakh and Bhutan. It is one of several lineages known as "Red Hat sects".

Within the Drukpa lineage, there are further sub-schools, most notably the eastern Kham tradition and middle Drukpa school which prospered in Ladakh and surrounding areas. In Bhutan the Drukpa lineage is the dominant school and state religion.
Hunter (rapper)
Robert Alan Hunter (1 October 1975 – 20 October 2011), better known as Hunter or Huntz, was an Australian rapper and hip-hop artist. He was a founder of Perth's hip hop scene in the 1990s and a member of the MC collective Syllabolix (SBX) Crew. During his career, he released four albums: Done DL (2002), Going Back to Yokine (2006), Monster House (2010) and Fear and Loathing (2011).

Hunter died of neuroendocrine cancer in 2011 at the age of 36.  He was post-humously inducted into the Western Australian Music Industry Awards Hall of Fame and was the subject of a documentary titled Hunter: For the Record (see below) which recorded the final years of his life.  The anniversary of his death was commemorated by an "AUS All Star" gig and an inaugural Australian rules match, named the Robert Hunter Cup in his honour, both events which brought together members of the hip hop community from across Australia (see below).

Brothers Stoney
Brothers Stoney is an Australian hip hop group hailing from Brisbane, Queensland. The crew comprises emcees Lazy Grey and Len One. Both Lazy Grey and Len One are members of the Brisbane hip hop crew, 750 Rebels.
Haram Municipality
Haram is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative center is Brattvåg, the industrial center of Sunnmøre. Other important villages in the municipality include Austnes, Eidsvik, Helle, Longva, Hildrestranda, Søvik, Tennfjord, and Vatne.

The 261-square-kilometre (101 sq mi) municipality is the 280th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Haram Municipality is the 120th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,357. The municipality's population density is 35.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (93/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3% over the previous 10-year period.

Brattvåg IL is a sports club based in the municipality. Tennfjord Mannskor is a male choir from the village of Tennfjord.

Longva
Longva is a village in Haram Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located on the southwest side of the island of Skuløya, along the Longvafjorden. It is about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northeast of the village of Austnes on Haramsøya via the Ullasund Bridge. The Nogvafjord Tunnel runs from the village of Longva to the north to the island of Fjørtofta.

The 0.37-square-kilometre (91-acre) village had a population (2003) of 237 and a population density of 641 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,660/sq mi). Since 2003, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.
'Disco' La Passione
"'Disco' La Passione" is a 1996 song by British singer-songwriter Chris Rea. The song was written for the film La Passione, a semi-autobiography by Rea. Shirley Bassey made her feature film debut here, but the film was a disappointment at the box office. A single was issued, produced by Rea and, unusual for Bassey, credited as co-performer.  The track also appears on the soundtrack album La Passione. The single sold well in Europe, making the Top 40 of the Dutch and Belgian charts, but just missed being a Top 40 hit on the UK Singles Chart, charting at number 41.

A video was issued to promote the single, it is taken from the performance made in the film. Shirley Bassey performed the song frequently live in 1996 and 1997, a live recording of the song appears on the 1997 CD The Birthday Concert.

La Passione (1996 film)
La Passione is a 1996 British drama film written and produced by Chris Rea, directed by John B. Hobbs, and starring Sean Gallagher, Paul Shane and Shirley Bassey. The film premiered on 14 November 1996 at the BFI London Film Festival. The film features a cameo appearance by Rea, as well the same-titled soundtrack also composed by him. The soundtrack reached the No. 43 position in UK Albums Chart, and was certified Silver by BPI in 1997.
Hughie Charles
Hughie Charles (24 July 1907 – 6 October 1995), was an English songwriter and producer of musical theatre. Born Charles Hugh Owen Ferry in Manchester, he is best known for co-writing the songs "We'll Meet Again" and "There'll Always Be an England" with Ross Parker.

Ross Parker (songwriter)
Ross Parker (born Albert Rostron Parker) (16 August 1914 – 1 August 1974) was an English pianist, composer, lyricist and actor. He is best known for co-writing the songs "We'll Meet Again" and "There'll Always Be an England".
Pensford
Pensford is the largest village in the civil parish of Publow in Somerset, England. It lies in the Chew Valley, approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of Bristol, 8 miles (13 km) west of Bath, and 14 miles (23 km) north of Wells. It is on the A37 road from Bristol to Shepton Mallet.

Pensford was identified as being of special architectural and historic interest and was designated as a Conservation Area in May 1988.

Publow
Publow is a small village and civil parish in Bath and North East Somerset, England. It lies beside the River Chew in the Chew Valley. It is 7 miles from Bristol, 9 miles from Bath, and 4 miles from Keynsham. The principal settlement in the parish is Pensford. The parish also includes the village of Belluton and part of the village of Woollard. At the 2011 census it had a population of 1,119.
The Inugami Curse
The Inugami Curse is a 1951 Japanese mystery novel by Seishi Yokomizo. It is part of the Kosuke Kindaichi series, which began with the 1946 novel, The Honjin Murders. The Inugami Curse was first published in English as The Inugami Clan by ICG Muse in 2003; this same translation was used for Stone Bridge Press's 2007 edition and Pushkin Vertigo's 2020 edition.

Kosuke Kindaichi
Kosuke Kindaichi (金田一 耕助, Kindaichi Kōsuke) is a fictional Japanese detective created by Seishi Yokomizo, a renowned mystery novelist. His first case, The Honjin Murders, is a novel of a locked room murder in an old family house, which many people regard as one of the best Japanese detective novels, was published in 1946. Kindaichi went on to feature in another 76 novels, selling more than 55 million books and appearing in numerous film, television and stage adaptations.
Janus (DRM)
Janus was the codename of a version of Windows Media DRM primarily for portable devices, whose marketing name was Windows Media DRM for Portable Devices (or in short form WMDRM-PD). It was introduced by Microsoft in 2004 for use on portable media devices which store and access content offline. Napster To Go was the first online music store to require the Janus technology. Supporting Janus often implies that the device also makes use of Media Transfer Protocol (MTP).

Janus initially required supporting devices to not support non-Microsoft audio formats such as Ogg Vorbis, but this requirement was later removed.

Samsung YEPP
Yepp was Samsung Electronics' digital audio player brand until Samsung decided to retire most of their family brands in February 2011. From then on, their MP3 players were simply branded "Samsung" worldwide until they discontinued all of them in late 2013. The brand included a wide range of hard-drive based as well as flash-memory based players. The name is claimed to be an acronym for "young, energetic, passionate person".
Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway
The Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway (TPLEX), designated as E1 of the Philippine expressway network and R-8 of the Metro Manila arterial road network, is a controlled-access toll expressway connecting the Central Luzon and Ilocos regions. From its northern terminus in Rosario, La Union, to its southern terminus in Tarlac City, the expressway has a length of 89.21-kilometer (55.43 mi), cutting through the various provinces in northern Luzon. It connects with the Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX) and Central Luzon Link Expressway (CLLEX) at the Tarlac City exit, serving as a gateway to the Ilocos and Cordillera regions.

Plans to build an expressway system from Metro Manila to La Union had been raised before the 2000s; construction began in January 2010 and was partially opened in October 2013 for the first segments. The expressway became fully operational in July 2020.

Pura, Tarlac
Pura, officially the Municipality of Pura (Pangasinan: Baley na Pura; Ilocano: Ili ti Pura; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pura), is a municipality in the province of Tarlac, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 27,017 people.
French frigate Gloire (1803)
Gloire was a 44-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class.

She took part in Allemand's expedition of 1805. On 18 July, she captured and burnt a Prussian cutter to maintain the secrecy of the movements of the fleet, in spite of the neutrality of Prussia at the time. The next day, along with Armide, she captured HMS Ranger and burnt her.

In the action of 25 September 1806, Armide, Gloire, Minerve and Infatigable were captured by a four-ship squadron under Samuel Hood.

She was brought into British service as HMS Gloire and broken up in 1812.

Gloire-class frigate
The Gloire-class frigate was a type of 18-pounder 40-gun frigate, designed by Pierre-Alexandre Forfait in 1802. They were built on the specifications of the Seine-class frigate Pensée (sometimes also called Junon class).
ICC Termination Act of 1995
The ICC Termination Act of 1995 is a United States federal law enacted in 1995 that abolished the Interstate Commerce Commission and simultaneously created its successor agency, the Surface Transportation Board.

On December 1, 2020, Oklahoma City federal judge Charles B. Goodwin referred to this Act when he declared unconstitutional a 2019 State of Oklahoma law preventing trains from blocking streets for longer than 10 minutes; declaring, in part:

. . . a state or local government can address grade-level railroad crossing issues in a manner that does not run afoul of federal law . . . But a statute that tells railroad companies how long they may stop their trains — for whatever ends — intrudes on the territory reserved to the ICCTA.

Interstate Commerce Commission
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was a regulatory agency in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. The agency's original purpose was to regulate railroads (and later trucking) to ensure fair rates, to eliminate rate discrimination, and to regulate other aspects of common carriers, including interstate bus lines and telephone companies. Beginning in 1906, Congress expanded the ICC's authority to regulate other modes of commerce. The Commission's five members were appointed by the president with the consent of the United States Senate. This was the first independent agency (or so-called Fourth Branch).

Over the course of the latter half of the 20th century, Congress took away many of the ICC's powers and reassigned them to other federal agencies. Congress eventually abolished the ICC in 1995 and transferred its remaining functions to a new agency, the Surface Transportation Board.
Thaqban
Thaqban (Arabic: ثقبان Thaqbān) is a village in Bani al-Harith District of Amanat al-Asimah Governorate, Yemen. It is located just south of the point where the Wadi Zahr opens out onto the Sanaa plain. It is part of the 'uzlah of Qaryat al-Qabil.

Qaryat al-Qabil
Qaryat al-Qabil (Arabic: قرية القابل Qaryat al Qābil), often called simply al-Qaryah, is a village in Bani al-Harith District of Amanat al-Asimah Governorate, Yemen. It is the largest settlement in the Wadi Zahr area.
Hōchiyama Kōkan
Hōchiyama Kōkan (born January 18, 1982, as Yukimi Munakata) is a former sumo wrestler from Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. He joined professional sumo in 2000. His highest rank was maegashira 14, achieved in 2006. After illness saw him demoted to the third makushita division in 2008, he returned to the second highest jūryō division in 2010 and the top makuuchi division in September 2011. After winning the sandanme division he had just been demoted to in November 2013, he chose to retire. He is now a coach at Sakaigawa stable under the name of Tatsutagawa (立田川).

Sadanofuji Akihiro
Sadanofuji Akihiro (佐田の富士 哲博) (born December 25, 1984, as Akihiro Yamamoto) is a former sumo wrestler from Kazusa, Nagasaki, Japan. He was a jūryō division champion in 2012. The highest rank he reached was maegashira 2. He retired in 2017 and was a coach at Sakaigawa stable under the name of Furiwake (振分) until 2024.
Maria Borodakova
Maria Borodakova (born 8 March 1986) is a volleyball player from Russia, playing as a middle-blocker. She was a member of the Women's National Team that won the gold medal at the 2006 FIVB Women's World Championship and the 2010 FIVB Women's World Championship.

2011–12 CEV Women's Champions League
The CEV Champions League was the highest level of European club volleyball in the 2011–12 season and the 53rd edition. It ran from 29 November 2011 until 26 March 2012.

Fenerbahçe won the title for the first time, defeating RC Cannes 3–0 in the final.