hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexis Kagame
Alexis Kagame (15 May 1912 – 2 December 1981) was a Rwandan philosopher, linguist, historian, poet and Catholic priest. His main contributions were in the fields of ethnohistory and "ethnophilosophy" (the study of indigenous philosophical systems).

As a professor of theology, he carried out wide research into the oral history, traditions and literature of Rwanda, and wrote several books on the subject, both in French and Kinyarwanda. He also wrote poetry, which was also published.

Kagame was also active in the political field, and was seen by some European scholars as the intellectual leader of Tutsi culture and rights under the colonial system starting in the 1940s.

Abiru
The Abiru (Kinyarwanda for royal ritualists) were the members of the privy council of the monarchy of Rwanda. They were oral repositories of the ubwiiru, an esoteric code of kingship. Due to the mythopoetic nature of accounts of the early history of the Abiru and the Rwandan monarchy, an accurate history of the Abiru is difficult to codify or study.

The council as a whole can be described as a priestly body that elected, advised, and/or deposed Rwandan kings. The debate continues over the pre-colonial functions of the body, which necessitates further research to substantiate definitive statements on the subject.

The wider ethnic community traditionally expected to provide the council's membership was known as the Abatsobe.
Bill Gunn Dam
The Bill Gunn Dam is an earth-fill embankment dam with an un-gated spillway located off-stream in Laidley Heights in the South East region of  Queensland, Australia. The main purpose of the dam is for irrigation of the Lockyer Valley. The resultant reservoir is called Lake Dyer.

Laidley Heights, Queensland
Laidley Heights is a rural residential locality on the outskirts of the town of Laidley in the Lockyer Valley Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Laidley Heights had a population of 1,429 people.
Elizabeth Sackler
Elizabeth Ann Sackler (born February 19, 1948) is an American public historian, arts activist, and the daughter of Arthur M. Sackler and descendant of the Sackler family. She is the founder of the American Indian Ritual Object Repatriation Foundation and the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art at the Brooklyn Museum.

Sackler family
The Sackler family is an American family who owned the pharmaceutical company Purdue Pharma and later founded Mundipharma. Purdue Pharma, and some members of the family, have faced lawsuits regarding over-prescription of addictive pharmaceutical drugs, including OxyContin. Purdue Pharma has been criticized for its central role in the opioid epidemic in the United States. They have been described as the "most evil family in America", and "the worst drug dealers in history".

The Sackler family has been profiled in various media, including the documentary Crime of the Century on HBO, the book Empire of Pain by Patrick Radden Keefe, the 2021 Hulu miniseries Dopesick, the 2022 Oscar-nominated documentary All the Beauty and the Bloodshed, and the 2023 Netflix mini-series Painkiller.
SeaPort Airlines (2008–2016)
SeaPort Airlines was a US-based regional airline with its headquarters at Portland International Airport in Portland, Oregon. It operated scheduled service from its bases at Portland International Airport, Memphis International Airport, San Diego International Airport, and Hollywood Burbank Airport, as well as international service to San Felipe International Airport. For most of its history, the airline focused on federally subsidized Essential Air Service flights to rural airports.

SeaPort Airlines pilots used the call sign "Sasquatch" to communicate with air traffic controllers. The carrier played off this in early 2013 when it introduced "Roger, The SeaPort Airlines Sasquatch" as its mascot.

Memorial Field Airport
Memorial Field Airport (IATA: HOT, ICAO: KHOT, FAA LID: HOT) is located in Hot Springs, Arkansas, United States, 3 miles (4.8 km; 2.6 nmi) southwest of Downtown Hot Springs. It serves nearby Hot Springs National Park. The airport is used for general aviation; airline flights are subsidized by the federal government's Essential Air Service program at a cost of $1,637,012 (per year). The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2021–2025 categorized it as a general aviation airport (the commercial service category requires at least 2,500 enplanements per year).
Tyson Slattery
Tyson Slattery (born 3 December 1990) is an Australian rules footballer who was drafted by Essendon in the fifth round of the 2008 AFL draft. He is the son of Wayne Slattery, a former St Kilda player.

After playing for all of 2009 and most of 2010 for the Bendigo Bombers in the Victorian Football League, Slattery made his AFL debut for Essendon in Round 14 of the 2010 AFL season.  He was involved in a controversial shepherd on Adelaide's Bernie Vince, although no charges were laid.  He dropped back to the VFL the following week, staying there for the rest of the season.

Wayne Slattery (footballer)
Wayne Slattery is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for South Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) and St Kilda Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Slattery debuted with South Adelaide in 1977 as a sixteen-year-old and played in the 1979 SANFL Grand Final, which South Adelaide lost to Port Adelaide Football Club. VFL club St Kilda recruited him for the 1982 season but injuries restricted Slattery to 11 games.

Slattery returned to South Adelaide in 1983, and left at the end of 1986, having played a total of 170 SANFL games for the club.

He transferred to the North Adelaide Football Club in 1987 and was a member of their premiership team that year. He retired after the 1988 pre-season cup, having played 19 games for the club.

Slattery's son Tyson Slattery played for Australian Football League (AFL) club Essendon.
Mickle Trafford
Mickle Trafford is a village in Cheshire West and Chester, Cheshire, England. It is the main village in the civil parish of Mickle Trafford and District. The A56 road from Chester to Warrington passes through the village and the Chester-Warrington railway line passes immediately to its east. In 2011 the parish of Mickle Trafford had a population of 1822.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Vitebsk
Vitebsk or Vitsyebsk is a city in north-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Vitebsk Region and Vitebsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it has 358,927 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest city. It is served by Vitebsk Vostochny Airport and Vitebsk Air Base.

Principality of Vitebsk
The Principality of Vitebsk (Belarusian: Віцебскае княства) was a Ruthenian principality centered on the city of Vitebsk in modern Belarus, that existed from its founding in 1101 until it was nominally inherited into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1320. Vitebsk would later fall under the complete authority of Lithuania in 1508.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor
The metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor that are active through an indirect metabotropic process.  They are members of the group C family of G-protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs. Like all glutamate receptors, mGluRs bind with glutamate, an amino acid that functions as an excitatory neurotransmitter.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3) is an inhibitory Gi/G0-coupled G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) generally localized to presynaptic sites of neurons in classical circuits. However, in higher cortical circuits in primates, mGluR3 are localized post-synaptically, where they strengthen rather than weaken synaptic connectivity. In humans, mGluR3 is encoded by the GRM3 gene. Deficits in mGluR3 signaling have been linked to impaired cognition in humans, and to increased risk of schizophrenia,  consistent with their expanding role in cortical evolution.
Richard Anthony Salisbury
Richard Anthony Salisbury FRS (born Richard Anthony Markham; 2 May 1761 – 23 March 1829) was a British botanist. While he carried out valuable work in horticultural and botanical sciences, several bitter disputes caused him to be ostracised by his contemporaries.

Joseph Knight (horticulturist)
Joseph Knight (7 October 1778 – 20 July 1855), gardener to George Hibbert, was one of the first people in England to successfully propagate Proteaceae. He is remembered as the nominal author of a publication that caused one of the biggest controversies of 19th-century English botany.
Fernando Romero (company)
Fernando Romero (company) is a global architecture and industrial design firm founded by Fernando Romero with offices in New York, Mexico City, Madrid and Shenzhen.

An active agent in the reconfiguration of site and public space, its commitment to translating historic, social, economic and environ- mental contexts into contemporary urban destinations has garnered critical attention and attracted millions of visitors, generating positive impact in cities and communities. Over the past 20 years, it has realized and proposed projects in a number of countries that en- compass different programs and contexts, from museums and office buildings to dense urban centers and the desert.

Museo Soumaya
The Museo Soumaya is a private museum in Mexico City and a non-profit cultural institution with two museum buildings in Mexico City — Plaza Carso and Plaza Loreto. It has over 66,000 works from 30 centuries of art including sculptures from Pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica, 19th- and 20th-century Mexican art and an extensive repertoire of works by European old masters and masters of modern western art such as Auguste Rodin, Salvador Dalí, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo and Tintoretto. It is called one of the most complete collections of its kind.

The museum is named after Soumaya Domit, who died in 1999, and was the wife of the founder of the museum Carlos Slim. The museum received an attendance of 1,095,000 in 2013, making it the most visited art museum in Mexico and the 56th in the world that year. In October 2015, the museum welcomed its five millionth visitor. The museum was designed by Slim's son-in-law, Fernando Romero's practice, fr·ee.
Delyo Glacier
Delyo Glacier (Bulgarian: Дельов ледник, romanized: Delyov lednik, IPA: [ˈdɛʎof ˈlɛdnik]) is the 8 km long and 2.7 km wide glacier on the east side of the main crest of north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is situated northwest of Rumyana Glacier and south of Burdenis Glacier.  The glacier drains the north slopes of Mount Giovinetto and the east slopes of Mount Viets, flows northeastwards and together with Burdenis Glacier and Gerila Glacier joins upper Ellen Glacier north of Bruguière Peak.

The glacier is named after the Bulgarian rebel leader Delyo Voyvoda (17–18th century).

Ellen Glacier
The Ellen Glacier is a glacier in the central Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It drains the eastern slopes of Mount Anderson and Long Gables and flows generally southeast for 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) to Barnes Ridge, where it leaves the range and enters the south flowing Rutford Ice Stream.

It was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1957–59, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Colonel Cicero J. Ellen of the U.S. Air Force, who was in command of many of the air operations when the South Pole Station was established by air drop in the 1956–57 season.
Nishinoshima (Shimane)
Nishinoshima (西ノ島, also Nishi-no-shima) is one of the Dōzen Islands in the Oki archipelago in the Sea of Japan. It is the second largest island of the Oki Islands.

The island, 55.97 km² in area, has a population of approximately 3,400 persons. The island is administered by the town of Nishinoshima in Shimane Prefecture. Much of the island is within the borders of Daisen-Oki National Park.

Oki Islands
The Oki Islands (隠岐諸島, Oki-shotō; or 隠岐の島 Oki-no-shima, 隠岐群島 Oki-guntō) is an archipelago in the Sea of Japan, the islands of which are administratively part of Oki District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The islands have a total area of 346.1 square kilometres (133.6 sq mi). Only four of the around 180 islands are permanently inhabited. Much of the archipelago is within the borders of Daisen-Oki National Park. Due to their geological heritage, the Oki Islands were designated a UNESCO Global Geopark in September 2013.
Trent FM
Trent FM was an Independent Local Radio station which broadcast to Nottinghamshire. The station merged with two other East Midlands stations, Leicester Sound and Ram FM to form Capital FM East Midlands (part of Global's Capital FM Network) on Monday 3 January 2011.

David Jensen
David Allan Jensen (born 4 July 1950) is a Canadian-born British radio DJ and television presenter. Born in Victoria, British Columbia, Jensen began as a radio DJ on Radio Luxembourg. Jensen was later a broadcaster for the BBC from 1976 to 1984, as a host on BBC Radio 1 and presenter on the TV music programme Top of the Pops from 1976 to 1984. Jensen has also hosted and presented for Capital FM and ITV among other stations.
Tickhill
Tickhill is a market town and civil parish in the City of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England, close to the border with Nottinghamshire.  At the 2001 census it had a population of 5,301, reducing to 5,228 at the 2011 Census.

Tickhill Psalter
The Tickhill Psalter is a fourteenth-century English Gothic illuminated manuscript. The psalter is an intricately illustrated but unfinished book meant for use in Augustinian worship. It is decorated with various biblical scenes, many from the life of King David, and is now kept in the New York Public Library.

This Psalter contains three sections, each written and illuminated in various stages of completion. The sections are divided into a preface by Peter Lombard, the Psalms, and the Twelve Canticles including the Litany of Saints and the Nine Collects.
Pravisdomini
Pravisdomini is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Trieste and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Pordenone.

Pravisdomini borders the following municipalities: Annone Veneto, Azzano Decimo, Chions, Meduna di Livenza, Pasiano di Pordenone, Pramaggiore.

Pasiano di Pordenone
Pasiano di Pordenone (Venetian: Pasiàn; Friulian: Pasiàn) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Pordenone.
Nyaung U Airport
Nyaung U Airport (Burmese: ပုဂံညောင်‌ဦးလေဆိပ်) (IATA: NYU, ICAO: VYBG) is an airport located in Nyaung-U (or Nyaung Oo), a town in the Mandalay Region, Myanmar. It is the primary air gateway to the ancient sites of Bagan and surrounding areas. It also known as Nyaung Oo Airport or Bagan Nyaung Oo Airport.

Bagan
Bagan (/bəˈɡæn/ bə-GAN; Burmese: ပုဂံ Băgam [bəɡàɰ̃]; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Pagan Kingdom, the first kingdom that unified the regions that would later constitute Myanmar. During the kingdom's height between the 11th and 13th centuries, more than 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of which the remains of over 2200 temples and pagodas survive.

The Bagan Archaeological Zone is a main attraction for the country's nascent tourism industry.
Tom Smith (West Virginia politician)
Tom Smith (Thomas J. Smith, P.E.) is an American highway engineer and former West Virginia state government official. He was fired on March 10, 2019 by Governor Jim Justice as West Virginia's Secretary of Transportation over a dispute about maintenance of secondary roads.

He was appointed to the position in 2017.

Smith's successor as secretary of transportation is Byrd White, who took office on March 26, 2019.

Byrd White
Byrd White   is a West Virginia accountant and state government official. He was appointed in March 2019 by Governor Jim Justice as West Virginia's Secretary of Transportation as a replacement for Tom Smith, who Justice had fired over a dispute about maintenance of secondary roads.

White is a former Raleigh County Commissioner and highway construction company executive.
Patrick Geddes
Sir Patrick Geddes FRSE (/ˈɡɛdiːz/; 2 October 1854 – 17 April 1932) was a Scottish biologist, sociologist, Comtean positivist, geographer, philanthropist and pioneering town planner. He is known for his innovative thinking in the fields of urban planning and sociology. His works contain one of the earliest examples of the 'think globally, act locally' concept in social science.

Following the philosophies of Auguste Comte and Frederic Le Play, he introduced the concept of "region" to architecture and planning and coined the term "conurbation". Later, he elaborated "neotechnics" as the way of remaking a world apart from over-commercialization and money dominance.

An energetic Francophile, Geddes was the founder in 1924 of the Collège des Écossais (Scots College), an international teaching establishment in Montpellier, France, and in the 1920s he bought the Château d'Assas to set up a centre for urban studies.

Jaqueline Tyrwhitt
Mary Jaqueline Tyrwhitt (25 May 1905 – 21 February 1983) was a British town planner, journalist, editor and educator. She was at the centre of the transnational network of theoreticians and practitioners who shaped the post-war Modern Movement in decentralized community design, residential architecture and social reform. She contributed to developing methods for the application of the ideas of Patrick Geddes, as well as publicizing them. Tyrwhitt had not met Geddes, but she was able to extract some key ideas and concepts from his writings. She brought Geddesian thinking into conferences, discussions, curricula, publications, and policy documents.

In the 1950s she was a professor at the University of Toronto, where she helped establish a graduate program in city and regional planning. Then, in 1955, she moved to the Harvard Graduate School of Design in the Department of City Planning and Landscape Architecture, where she taught for many years until her retirement.
Quebecor
Quebecor Inc. is a Canadian diversified media and telecommunications company serving Quebec based in Montreal. It was spelled Quebecor in both English and French until May 2012, when shareholders voted to add the acute accent, Québecor, in French only.

The company was founded in 1965 by Pierre Péladeau and remains run by his family. Quebecor Inc. owns Quebecor Media and formerly owned the printing company Quebecor World.

Quebec Remparts
The Quebec Remparts (French: Remparts de Québec) are a Canadian junior ice hockey based in Quebec City, Quebec. The team plays in the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League (QMJHL), and is named after the Ramparts of Quebec City (French: Remparts de Québec). There have been two franchises named the Quebec Remparts. The first edition played from 1969 to 1985; the current franchise has played since 1997. The current team plays at Centre Vidéotron.
Puerto Rico Highway 138
Puerto Rico Highway 138 (PR-138)  is a north–south bypass located west of downtown Coamo, Puerto Rico. This road extends from PR-155 to the junction of PR-14 with PR-153 and is known as Avenida Luis Muñoz Marín.

Puerto Rico Highway 153
Puerto Rico Highway 153 (PR-153) is a rural road that goes from Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico, to Coamo. This road extends from PR-1 in downtown Santa Isabel and ends at its junction with PR-14 and PR-138 near downtown Coamo.

Puerto Rico Highway 153 by municipality

Heading south in Coamo

Heading north in Santa Isabel barrio-pueblo
Hallonbergen
Hallonbergen (lit. 'the Raspberry Mountains') is a suburb of Stockholm, Sweden.

Hallonbergen, which has about 5,400 inhabitants, located in Sundbyberg Municipality in the north west of Stockholm, is a fairly typical 1960-1970s area of dense Million Programme housing in the style of multi-level concrete apartment buildings. Hallonbergen itself was built in the 1970s. Hallonbergen has a large population of immigrants; 67% of the population are born in foreign countries (as of 2010). Many of them come from Lebanon, Syria and Eritrea. But there are also many eastern European immigrants.

The metro station, which is located on the Blue line (Akalla branch) of the Stockholm Metro, was opened in 1975.

Million Programme
The Million Programme (Swedish: Miljonprogrammet) was a large public housing program implemented in Sweden between 1965 and 1974 by the governing Swedish Social Democratic Party to ensure the availability of affordable, high-quality housing to all Swedish citizens. The program sought to construct one million new housing dwellings over a ten-year period, which it accomplished. As part of its intention to modernize Swedish housing, it also demolished many older buildings that national and local governments considered obsolescent, unhealthy or derelict.

At the time, the intention to build one million new homes in a nation with a population of eight million made the Million Programme the most ambitious building programme in the world. In contrast to the social housing proposals of many other developed countries, which is targeted at those with low incomes, the Million Programme was a universal program intended to provide housing to Swedish people at a variety of income levels.
37th meridian east
The meridian 37° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the  
Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 37th meridian east forms a great circle with the 143rd meridian west.

143rd meridian west
The meridian 143° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 143rd meridian west line forms a great circle with the 37th meridian east.
Valet parking
Valet parking is a parking service offered by some restaurants, stores, and other businesses. In contrast to "self-parking", where customers find a parking space on their own, customers' vehicles are parked for them by a person called a valet. This service either requires a fee to be paid by the customer or is offered free of charge by the establishment.

Parking
Parking is the act of stopping and disengaging a vehicle and usually leaving it unoccupied. Parking on one or both sides of a road is often permitted, though sometimes with restrictions.  Some buildings have parking facilities for use of the buildings' users.  Countries and local governments have rules for design and use of parking spaces.

Car parking is essential to car-based travel. Cars are typically stationary around 95 percent of the time. The availability and price of car parking may support car dependency. Significant amounts of urban land are devoted to car parking; in many North American city centers, half or more of all land is devoted to car parking.