hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fred Morris (bishop)
Christianity portal

George Frederick Bingley Morris  (1884–1965) was an Anglican Bishop of North Africa in the mid 20th century.

Morris was born in Edinburgh and educated at Queens' College, Cambridge and ordained in 1911. After a curacy at St Paul Portman Square, he became a missionary in Uganda. Moving to Morocco, he became Archdeacon of North Africa in 1936. Returning to England, he was Rector of Illogan until his elevation to the episcopate in 1943.

In 1954, he resigned as Bishop of North Africa and became the first bishop of the Church of England in South Africa in 1955: CESA was not part of the Church of England, despite its name. Geoffrey Fisher, the then Archbishop of Canterbury, described this action as putting himself "outside the fellowship of the Anglican Communion". In 1959, he consecrated Stephen Bradley as an assistant bishop, who would eventually serve as his successor; it is highly unusual for a single bishop to undertake a consecration alone.

Stephen Bradley (bishop)
Stephen Carlton Bradley (4 April 1909 – 2 July 2003) was an Anglican bishop. From 1965 to 1984, he served as presiding bishop of the Church of England in South Africa; despite its name, this denomination was not in communion with the Church of England. He had served as a military chaplain during the Second World War, then in parish ministry before being consecrated as an assistant bishop in 1958. He was a supporter of apartheid and against ecumenicism.
Cross Sound Ferry
Cross Sound Ferry is a passenger and road vehicle ferry service operating between New London, Connecticut and Orient, New York on Long Island.

The service is privately owned and operated by Cross Sound Ferry Services,  headquartered in New London and run by the Wronowski family, which also owns and operates the Block Island Express ferry service and the Thames Shipyard and Repair Company.

Orient, New York
Orient is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, United States. The CDP's population was 743 at the 2010 census.

Orient and Orient Point are used almost interchangeably. However, Orient Point refers specifically to the physical point at the end of the North Fork of Long Island, while Orient is the hamlet in which the point is located.
Society of Pharmacovigilance, India
The Society of Pharmacovigilance, India (SoPI), is an Indian national non-profit scientific organisation, which aims at organizing training programmes and providing expertise in pharmacovigilance and enhance all aspects of the safe and proper use of medicines

The International Society of Pharmacovigilance (ISoP) granted status of 'associated society' to Society of Pharmacovigilance India (SoPI). It is the second professional society in the world after ISoP.

The founder of SoPI is KC Singhal.

International Society of Pharmacovigilance
The International Society of Pharmacovigilance (ISoP), previously the European Society of Pharmacovigilance (ESoP), is an international non-profit scientific organisation, which aims to foster pharmacovigilance both scientifically and educationally, and enhance all aspects of the safe and proper use of medicines, in all countries. Its official journal is Drug Safety.
Grodzisk Wielkopolski
Grodzisk Wielkopolski [ˈɡrɔd͡ʑizɡ‿vʲɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] is a town in western Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship (Wielkopolskie), with a population of 13,703 (2006). It is the seat of Grodzisk Wielkopolski County, and also of the smaller administrative district called Gmina Grodzisk Wielkopolski. It is situated on the Letnica River. The suffix "Wielkopolski" distinguishes it from the town of Grodzisk Mazowiecki in east-central Poland.

A town that developed from an early medieval fortified stronghold, Grodzisk is a historic center for brewing and meat production. It has become known as the place of origin of the Grodziskie beer style, and in modern times as the home of the Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski football club, which competed in European competitions in the 2000s, achieving victories against much higher ranked and more acclaimed European clubs.

Grodzisk County, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Grodzisk County (Polish: powiat grodziski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Grodzisk Wielkopolski, which lies 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The county also contains the towns of Rakoniewice, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Grodzisk Wielkopolski, and Wielichowo, 13 km (8 mi) south of Grodzisk Wielkopolski.

The county covers an area of 643.72 square kilometres (248.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,444, out of which the population of Grodzisk Wielkopolski is 13,703, that of Rakoniewice is 3,253, that of Wielichowo is 1,765, and the rural population is 30,723.
Spirit-class cruise ship
The Spirit class is a class of cruise ships built at the Kvaerner Masa-Yards Helsinki New Shipyard in Helsinki, Finland. The ships are operated by Carnival Cruise Lines, Adora Cruises and Margaritaville at Sea. The six ships were built to the original Panamax form factor, allowing them to pass through the Panama Canal. This class has the smallest of the signature smoke stacks that Carnival has on their ships. Carnival's Spirit-class ships also feature a unique funnel design that integrates the skylight dome of the atrium.

In 2007 and 2009, Queen Victoria and Costa Luminosa (built by Fincantieri) were introduced. The design of these ships are a hybrid between the Spirit class and the Vista class, creating the Vista/Spirit hybrid class. As of November 2022, Costa Luminosa (now Carnival Luminosa) is marketed by Carnival as a part of their Spirit class.

Carnival Cruise Line
Carnival Cruise Line is an international cruise line with headquarters in Doral, Florida. The company is a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc. Its logo is a funnel shaped like a whale's tail, with a red, white, and blue color scheme. This trademark funnel design is built onto the line's ships. Carnival is ranked first on the list of largest cruise lines based on passengers carried annually.

As of March 2025, Carnival Cruise Line operates a fleet of 29 ships with five new ships set to join between 2027 and 2033.
National Forces of Liberation
The National Forces of Liberation (French: Forces nationales de libération, or FNL) is a political party and former rebel group in Burundi. An ethnic Hutu group, the party was previously known as the Party for the Liberation of the Hutu People (Parti pour la libération du peuple Hutu, or PALIPEHUTU) and adhered to a radical Hutu Power ideology, but since the mid- to late-2000s has moderated its stance and cooperated with the Tutsi-supported Union for National Progress party in opposition to the rule of Pierre Nkurunziza and the CNDD–FDD.

PALIPEHUTU was a participant in the Burundian Civil War. Its armed wing was the National Forces of Liberation (Forces nationales de libération, or FNL). It was led by Agathon Rwasa and was estimated to have around 3,000 combatants.

A dissident wing is led by Jean Bosco Sindayigaya.

Burundian Civil War
The Burundian Civil War was a civil war in Burundi lasting from 1993 to 2005. The civil war was the result of longstanding ethnic divisions between the Hutu and the Tutsi ethnic groups. The conflict began following the first multi-party elections in the country since its independence from Belgium in 1962, and is seen as formally ending with the swearing-in of President Pierre Nkurunziza in August 2005. Children were widely used by both sides in the war. The estimated death toll stands at 300,000.
Hoplosternum punctatum
Hoplosternum punctatum, the spotted hoplo, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Callichthyinae of the family Callichthyidae, the armoured catfishes. This species is only found in the Atrato River basin in Colombia and in the Pacific coastal drainages of Panama, in southern Central America.

Callichthyidae
Callichthyidae is a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes), called armored catfishes due to the two rows of bony plates (or scutes) along the lengths of their bodies. It contains some of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish, such as many species in the genus Corydoras.
Murringo
Murringo is a small village in the southwestern slopes of New South Wales, Australia in Hilltops Council. It was once better known as Marengo. The name is also applied to the surrounding area, for postal and statistical purposes.

Hilltops Council
Hilltops Council is a local government area in the South Western Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. This area was formed on 12 May 2016 from the merger of Boorowa Council, Harden Shire and Young Shire. The local government area covers much the same area as the Hilltops wine region.

The mayor of Hilltops Council is Brian Ingram, an independent, and was elected unopposed after the most recent election held on 9 September 2024.
Jenah
Jenah (Persian: جناح) is a city in, and the capital of, Jenah District of Bastak County, Hormozgan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Jenah Rural District. As a village, it was the capital of Faramarzan Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Kemeshk.

Kemeshk
Kemeshk (Persian: كمشك) is a village in, and the capital of, Faramarzan Rural District of Jenah District, Bastak County, Hormozgan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Jenah, now a city.
39th Mechanized Infantry Division
The 39th Mechanized Infantry Division is an infantry formation of the Turkish Land Forces.

In 1941 it was part of XVII Corps at Maras. It was deployed from the mainland to Cyprus for the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, under Major General Bedrettin Demirel. On landing it immediately became involved in the Battle of Pentemili beachhead.

Since the 1970s it has formed part of 11th Corps/Cyprus Turkish Peace Forces. Necdet Ozel commanded the division from 1999 for two-three years.

Battle of Pentemili beachhead
Pentemili is the Cypriot beach where troops first landed on the morning of 20 July 1974 in the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. It is located 5 miles (8 km) west of Kyrenia, thus the name. For three days (20–22 July 1974), heavy fighting took place around the beachhead between Turkish and Greek Cypriot forces.
May Leiba
May Leiba is a reservoir located in the Dogu’a Tembien woreda of the Tigray Region in Ethiopia. It is named after the May Leiba River. The earthen dam that holds the reservoir was built in 1998 by the Relief Society of Tigray.

Relief Society of Tigray
The Relief Society of Tigray (abbreviated REST; Tigrinya: ማሕበራዊ ረዲኤት ትግራይ or ማረት, Maret) is an NGO based in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. REST was founded in 1978 as an organisation providing relief efforts to civilians. As of 2008, Teklewoini Assefa served as Executive Director of REST. REST emerged as the humanitarian wing of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and has remained closely linked to TPLF. REST was active throughout the armed conflict of the 1980s, including during the devastating 1984–1985 famine. Since the 1990s it is the major NGO operating in Tigray.
Karabinek KP-32
The Karabinek KP-32 was a prototype of a bolt-action repeating carbine. Designed in 1932 by Józef Maroszek as his academic thesis at the Faculty of Engineering of Warsaw University of Technology, it was a thorough modification of the Karabinek wz. 1929 carbine, itself based on the German Mauser rifle. Its main advantage was simplification and reduced cost.

Several prototypes were made by the Państwowa Fabryka Karabinów works in Warsaw. The Polish Army initially ordered 66 pieces for testing, but eventually dismissed the design and the project was scrapped. However, Maroszek's efforts did not go to waste: he soon scaled up his bolt action to develop Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle, and it might also have influenced the design of PTRD-41.

Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle
The karabin przeciwpancerny wz. 35 (abbreviated kb ppanc wz. 35) is a Polish 7.92 mm anti-tank rifle that was used by the Polish Armed Forces during the 1939 Polish Campaign of World War II and later by several Axis armies. It was designated wzór 35 for its design year, 1935. It was also known by its codename "Uruguay", after the country (kb Urugwaj or kb Ur) and by the name of its designer, Józef Maroszek.
92 St John's Hill
92 St John's Hill is a Grade II listed building in Battersea, London SW11. It was built in 1909 as an LCC Education Divisional Office, and designed by T. J. Bailey in a late-17th-century style. The building was later used by the Inner London Education Authority as administrative offices until 1991.

It is currently occupied by Centre Academy London, which has been resident on the site continuously since moving there from Waterloo in 1991.

The neighbouring building is the Grade II listed St Paul's Church, which has been converted to a residential complex as 'The Sanctuary'.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
Supreme Court of Cambodia
The Supreme Court of Cambodia is the highest court in the judiciary of Cambodia, under the supervision of the Supreme Council of the Magistrature. It is located in the royal capital of Phnom Penh, and is regulated under Article 55 to Article 73 of the 2014 Cambodian Law on Court Organization.

Judiciary of Cambodia
The Judiciary of Cambodia is independent from the rest of the government of Cambodia, as specified by the Cambodian Constitution. The judiciary follows civil law tradition, the instruction being entrusted to a judge and the prosecutors contenting themselves with requesting the application of the law.

Courts and tribunals in Cambodia regularly face a lack of resources, both financial and human, a ferment of corruption and clientelism that eat away at the whole of society. The difficulty of access for the poorest also favors the resistance of traditional methods of conflict resolution, based on the intermediary of a person whose moral authority, unlike that of the judge, is not contested by neither of the two parties (village, district, pagoda chiefs, etc.), de facto creating a two-tier system, one, official, reserved for foreigners and urban elites, the other, informal, for the most part population.
Listed buildings in Ripley, North Yorkshire
Ripley is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It contains 56 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, four are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the country house Ripley Castle, the model village of Ripley, and the surrounding countryside. The house is listed, together with adjoining structures and buildings in the gardens, grounds and parkland. Most of the listed buildings in the village are houses and cottages, and the others include a church with items in the churchyard, a shop, a town hall, a school, a village cross,  a public house, a set of stocks, a war memorial, a drinking fountain, and a telephone kiosk. Outside these, the listed buildings include bridges, a cross base, a farmhouse and associated building, and a milepost.

Ripley Castle
Ripley Castle is a Grade I listed 14th-century country house in Ripley, North Yorkshire, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Harrogate.

The castle has been the seat of the Ingilby baronets for centuries. In June 2024 it was announced that it was to be sold.
West Region, Ireland
The West is a strategic planning area within the Northern and Western Region in Ireland. It is a NUTS Level III statistical region of Ireland  (coded IE042) under the Eurostat classification. It consists of the counties of Galway, Mayo and Roscommon, and the city of Galway. The West spans 13,801 km2 (20% of the total area of the state) and as of the 2022 census has a population of 485,966.

The region is located on the western seaboard of Ireland with the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the River Shannon delimiting the region to the east. The West Region is largely rural, with only 30% of its population living in urban areas. It is noted for its continuance of Irish traditions, such as the Irish language in the region's Gaeltacht areas.

Galway City Council
Galway City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach na Gaillimhe) is the local authority of the city of Galway, Ireland. As a city council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 18 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of mayor. The city administration is headed by a chief executive, Leonard Cleary. The council meets at City Hall, College Road, Galway.
Gretchen Osgood Warren
Gretchen Osgood Warren (March 19, 1871 – September 13, 1961) was an American actress, singer, and poet. She was the wife of Fiske Warren and the daughter of Dr. Hamilton Osgood and Margaret Cushing Osgood of Beacon Hill, Boston, Massachusetts. Her younger sister was Mary Alden Childers, the wife of writer and Irish nationalist Erskine Childers. Her nephew Erskine Hamilton Childers served as the fourth President of Ireland from 1973 to 1974.

Margaret Cushing Osgood
Margaret Cushing Pearmain Osgood (1847–1941), was an American writer and poet. She was the mother of Mary Alden Childers and Gretchen Osgood Warren and the maternal grandmother of Erskine Hamilton Childers, the fourth President of Ireland from 1973 to 1974. She was the daughter of William Robert Pearmain and Cordelia Miller Smith.
Sierpiński curve
Sierpiński curves are a recursively defined sequence of continuous closed plane fractal curves discovered by Wacław Sierpiński, which in the limit  completely fill the unit square: thus their limit curve, also called the Sierpiński curve, is an example of a space-filling curve.

Because the Sierpiński curve is space-filling, its Hausdorff dimension (in the limit ) is . 
The Euclidean length of the th iteration curve  is

i.e., it grows exponentially with  beyond any limit, whereas the limit for  of the area enclosed by  is  that of the square (in Euclidean metric).

L-system
An L-system or Lindenmayer system is a parallel rewriting system and a type of formal grammar. An L-system consists of an alphabet of symbols that can be used to make strings, a collection of production rules that expand each symbol into some larger string of symbols, an initial "axiom" string from which to begin construction, and a mechanism for translating the generated strings into geometric structures. L-systems were introduced and developed in 1968 by Aristid Lindenmayer, a Hungarian theoretical biologist and botanist at the University of Utrecht. Lindenmayer used L-systems to describe the behaviour of plant cells and to model the growth processes of plant development. L-systems have also been used to model the morphology of a variety of organisms and can be used to generate self-similar fractals.
SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Telugu
SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Telugu is presented by Vibri media group as part of its annual South Indian International Movie Awards, for the best acting done by an actor in a leading role in his debut Telugu film. The award was first given in 2012 for films released in 2011.

South Indian International Movie Awards
The South Indian International Movie Awards (SIIMA)  rewards the artistic and technical achievements of the South Indian film industry. It was launched in 2012 by Vishnu Vardhan Induri and Brinda Prasad Adusimilli to appreciate and honour film makers from across the South Indian film industries: Telugu cinema, Tamil cinema, Malayalam cinema, and Kannada cinema, and provide a platform to promote South Indian films in international markets.
My Way or the Highway (Guitar Shorty album)
My Way or the Highway is the first major studio album released by blues guitarist Guitar Shorty (David Kearney), even though he had been in the business since the 1950s. The album is credited to "Guitar Shorty & The Otis Grand Blues Band"; it was at the behest and producing of Grand that Shorty made the record.

It was first released in 1991 on CD by the label JSP and was subsequently re-released in 1999 and 2005. Also, the tracks "Red Hot Mama" and "No Educated Woman" would later appear on Shorty's compilation album, The Best of Guitar Shorty, in 2006.

The Best of Guitar Shorty
The Best of Guitar Shorty is the first true compilation album released by blues guitarist Guitar Shorty; 1996's Billie Jean Blues was more of a live album. The album was released on June 20, 2006 on CD by the label Shout! Factory. The album comprises tracks from My Way or the Highway (1991), Topsy Turvy (1993), Get Wise to Yourself (1995), and Roll Over, Baby (1998).
Marvel Heroic Roleplaying
Marvel Heroic Roleplaying (abbreviated as MHR or MHRP) is the fourth role-playing game set in the Marvel Universe published by Margaret Weis Productions under license from Marvel Comics (after Marvel Super Heroes RPG, Marvel Super Heroes Adventure Game, and the Marvel Universe Roleplaying Game). It uses the Cortex Plus system. The first volume was published in early 2012. In early 2013, Margaret Weis Productions announced that they would not be renewing their license and publication ceased.

Marvel Super Heroes (role-playing game)
Marvel Super Heroes (MSH) is a licensed role playing game set in the Marvel Universe, first published by TSR in 1984. The game lets players assume the roles of Marvel superheroes such as Spider-Man, Daredevil, Hulk, Captain America, the Fantastic Four, and the X-Men. The game was designed to be easily understood, and this approach proved popular. TSR published an expanded edition, Marvel Superheroes Advanced Game in 1986.
Goharshad Ghazvini
Goharshad Ghazvini, also known as Goharshad Hassani Ghazvini, was a Persian calligrapher of Nastaʿlīq script in the 17th century. She was Mir Emad's daughter. She learned calligraphy when she was a teenager and learned Nastaʿlīq script from her father.

After her father's death, she went in 1623 to her birthplace, Qazvin, Iran, and worked as a calligraphy teacher, dying there in 1628.

Mir Emad Hassani
Mir Emad (born Emad al-Molk Qazvini Hasani (Persian: میرعماد حسنی قزوینی),‎ 1554 – August 15, 1615) is perhaps the most celebrated Persian calligrapher. He was born in Qazvin, Iran. It is believed that the Nastaʿlīq style reached its highest elegance in Mir Emad's works. These are considered amongst the finest specimens of Nastaʿlīq calligraphy and are kept in several museums in the world.
Rahsaan Rahsaan
Rahsaan Rahsaan is a live album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Rahsaan Roland Kirk featuring performances recorded at the Village Vanguard in May 1970. It was originally released on the Atlantic label in 1970 and features performances by Kirk with Rahn Burton, Vernon Martin, James Madison and Joe Habad Texidor with Dick Griffin, Howard Johnson, Leroy Jenkins, Sonelius Smith and Alvern Bunn added on an extended track. The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek states "Rahsaan was the king of the riff—he could use it until it bit you—and once it did he was off and running someplace else, down on the hard-swinging outer spaceways of his mind and heart".

Village Vanguard
The Village Vanguard is a jazz club at Seventh Avenue South in Greenwich Village, New York City. The club was opened on February 22, 1935, by Max Gordon. Originally, the club presented folk music and beat poetry, but it became primarily a jazz music venue in 1957. It has hosted many highly renowned jazz musicians since then, and today is the oldest operating jazz club in New York City.