hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dream Mine
The Dream Mine, or Relief Mine, is an unproductive underground mine in Salem, Utah, built by John Hyrum Koyle in the 1890s and incorporated in 1909. Koyle prophesied the mine would provide financial support for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) just before the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. Koyle's prophecies were controversial among leaders of the LDS Church, who excommunicated him in 1948.

Koyle died in 1949 and work on the Dream Mine ended in the 1960s. Koyle's followers, known as "Dream Miners," have continued to maintain the mine and to trade stock in it as of 2016. Although the mine has not yet produced any valuable metals, Dream Miners believe it will produce gold before the Second Coming, and that Koyle's other prophecies will be fulfilled.

Second Coming in Mormonism
Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and faithful adherents to the Latter Day Saint movement, believe that there will be a Second Coming of Jesus Christ to the earth sometime in the future. The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.

According to LDS Church teachings, the restored gospel will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming. The members of the church believe that the scriptures prophecy that there will be wars, rumors of wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.
Thomas I d'Autremencourt
Thomas I d'Autremencourt, commonly misspelled de Stromoncourt, was the first Lord of Salona (modern Amfissa) in Central Greece. A knight from Autremencourt in Picardy, he was given Salona as a fief by Boniface of Montferrat, King of Thessalonica, in 1205 during the division of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade. Thomas extended his domain over most of Phocis, from the Gulf of Corinth to the passes of Gravia in the north and the Parnassus in the east. Ca. 1210, he tried to extend his rule westwards, and attacked the port town of Galaxidi. Its inhabitants, however, called upon the ruler of Epirus, Michael I Komnenos Doukas, for aid. The Epirote army attacked and captured Salona, with Thomas himself falling in battle (ca. 1212). As the Epirote ruler was pre-occupied elsewhere, however, his occupation did not last long, and within a few years Thomas's son, Thomas II, was able to reclaim Salona.

Thomas II d'Autremencourt
Thomas II d'Autremencourt, commonly misspelled de Stromoncourt, was the second Lord of Salona (modern Amfissa) in Central Greece from 1215 to 1258 and vassal of the Principality of Achaea. He was the son of Thomas I d'Autremencourt, the first Lord of Salona. In 1215 he reconquered Salona from the Despotate of Epirus and recovered the fief of his father. In 1258, he became involved in the War of the Euboeote Succession, siding with Guy de la Roche and the Frankish lords who opposed the hegemonic ambitions of the Prince of Achaea, William II of Villehardouin. William however prevailed in the Battle of Karydi in 1258, and a parliament was assembled at Nikli to judge the defeated lords, and again expressed his loyalty to the prince of Achaea. Thomas died in the same year and was succeeded by his son William.
Alabama State Hornets baseball
The Alabama State Hornets baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball program of Alabama State University in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. The program's first season was in 1926, and it has been a member of the NCAA Division I while competing in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) since the start of the 1983 season. Its home venue is the Wheeler–Watkins Baseball Complex, located on Alabama State's campus. José Vázquez has been the team's head coach since the beginning of the 2017 season. The program has appeared in two NCAA tournaments. It has won two conference tournament championships and one regular season conference title. As of the start of the 2018 Major League Baseball season, one former Hornet has appeared in Major League Baseball.

Wheeler–Watkins Baseball Complex
Wheeler–Watkins Baseball Complex is a baseball venue in Montgomery, Alabama, United States.  It is home to the Alabama State Hornets baseball team of the NCAA Division I Southwestern Athletic Conference.  The venue is named for two former Alabama State baseball coaches, Herbert Wheeler and Larry Watkins.  Opened in March 2011, the facility has a capacity of 500 spectators.
Palais Kinsky
Palais Kinsky is a Baroque palace in central Vienna, Austria. It was originally built for Count Wirich Philipp von Daun, the garrison commander whose son Leopold became a Field Marshal of Empress Maria Theresa. The palace was later bought by the Kinsky family of Bohemia, and it is sometimes called the Palais Daun-Kinsky.

Kinsky
The House of Kinsky (formerly Vchynští, sg. Vchynský in Czech; later (in modern Czech) Kinští, sg. Kinský; German: Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau) is a prominent European noble family originating in the Kingdom of Bohemia. During the Thirty Years' War, the Kinsky family rose from minor nobles to comital rank (1628) and later princely status (1747) under the rule of the Habsburgs. The family, recorded in the Almanach de Gotha, is considered to have been one of the most illustrious in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Severn Estuary
The Severn Estuary (Welsh: Aber Hafren) is the estuary of the River Severn, flowing into the Bristol Channel between South West England (from North Somerset, Bristol and South Gloucestershire) and South Wales (from Cardiff, Newport to Monmouthshire). Its very high tidal range, approximately 50 feet (15 m), creates valuable intertidal habitats and has led to the area  being at the centre of discussions in the United Kingdom regarding renewable tidal energy.

Purton, Berkeley
Purton is a village on the east bank of the River Severn, 3 miles north of Berkeley, in Gloucestershire, England.  The village is in the civil parish of Hinton.  It lies opposite the hamlet of Purton on the west bank of the river.

The Gloucester and Sharpness Canal passes through the village.

The name of the place derives from the Old English pirige tun, meaning "pear orchard".
William Welles
Sir William Welles  (1409/10 – 1461) was an English-born statesman and judge in fifteenth-century Ireland, who held the office of Lord Chancellor of Ireland. He was the younger brother of Lionel de Welles, 6th Baron Welles. Lionel was a prominent supporter of the House of Lancaster, who was killed at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461.

Lord Chancellor of Ireland
The Lord High Chancellor of Ireland, commonly known as the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, was the highest ranking judicial office in Ireland until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. From 1721 until the end of 1800, it was also the highest political office of the Irish Parliament; the Chancellor was Speaker of the Irish House of Lords. The Lord Chancellor was also Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Ireland. In all three respects, the office mirrored the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.
Food Lifeline
Food Lifeline is a non-profit organization that supplies food to different food banks across Western Washington. Food Lifeline is responsible for repackaging and delivering food to 275 different organizations that distribute meals to the Western Washington population. Out of all the food distributed to these different organizations, 30% of the meals end up coming directly from Food Lifeline alone. Food Lifeline is part of a nationwide non-profit called Feeding America and assists in collecting food that would otherwise go to waste.

In 1979 Food Lifeline was founded and it is now managed and operated by a board of directors. Approximately forty percent of food in America goes to waste due to the inability to handle and move food from place to place before it perishes. Food Lifeline operates to stop this food, especially perishables such as vegetables and fruits, from going into landfills.

Feeding America
Feeding America is a United States–based non-profit organization that is a nationwide network of more than 200 food banks that feed more than 46 million people through food pantries, soup kitchens, shelters, and other community-based agencies. Forbes ranks it as the largest U.S. charity by revenue. Feeding America was known as America's Second Harvest until August 31, 2008.
Louis de La Bardonnie
Louis de La Bardonnie, born October 11, 1902, died in 1987, owner-winemaker at Saint Antoine-de-Breuilh in the Dordogne (South-West of France), was a member of the French Resistance during World War II. His code name was "Isabelle."

Confrérie Notre-Dame
The Confrérie Notre-Dame (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃fʁeʁi nɔtʁə dam]; CND), later called the CND-Castille, was a French resistance group founded by Colonel Rémy. It was joined by other anti-Nazi Catholics from France.
Dartmouth High School (Nova Scotia)
Dartmouth High School is a Canadian public high school located in the Brightwood neighbourhood of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada. Encompassing grades 9 through 12, Dartmouth High School has always had a diverse student body with many ethnic groups, along with a wide variety of courses and educational opportunities for students. Along with English, the school also offers the French immersion program. Dartmouth High overlooks the Halifax Harbour, which can be seen from about one sixth of the rooms in the building.

Brightwood, Nova Scotia
Brightwood is a neighbourhood in Dartmouth, and part of District 5 of the Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Brightwood is located between Thistle Street and Woodland Avenue (Highway 118), and contains the Brightwood Golf Course. The primary streets of the small neighbourhood are Victoria Road (Route 322) and Slayter Street. The course also borders on Crichton Park and Thistle Street
No Trend
No Trend was an American noise rock and hardcore punk group from Ashton, Maryland, formed in 1982. They were considered anti-hardcore, with the members, especially guitarist and lyricist Frank Price, vehement about their abhorrence towards the punk youth subculture. The band was known for their confrontational stage performances, which normally involved aggressively baiting their punk audience. They were influenced by Public Image Ltd. and Flipper.

They released three full-length albums, two released independently and one issued through Touch and Go Records. A fourth album that was recorded in 1987 but never released was finally issued as More in 2001.

Too Many Humans
Too Many Humans..... is the debut studio album by the American noise rock band No Trend, released through their own No Trend Records in November 1983 on vinyl format. The album is known for its brash, misanthropic lyrics, as evident on tracks such as "Reality Breakdown" and "Mindless Little Insects". It has been described as "nightmarish in all the right ways" and was said to have been influenced by Flipper and Public Image Ltd. The title track would serve as inspiration for Godflesh during the recording of their 1988 album Streetcleaner.

The album was long thought to never be reissued due to the supposed destruction of the original master tapes. However, on May 29, 2020, Drag City released a box set reissue and remaster of the album, along with both versions of Teen Love.
HMS Seahorse (1748)
HMS Seahorse was a 24-gun sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy, launched in 1748. She participated in four battles off the coast of India between 1781 and 1783. The Royal Navy sold her in 1784 and she then became the mercantile Ravensworth. She made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC) between 1786 and 1788. In 1789, she was sold to the French East India Company which had her refitted and renamed her Citoyen. In 1793 the French Navy purchased her and used her as a frigate. She was last listed in 1801.

Horatio Nelson served as a midshipman aboard her in his early naval career.

Sixth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works and sometimes without. It thus encompassed ships with up to 30 guns in all. In the first half of the 18th century the main battery guns were 6-pounders, but by mid-century these were supplanted by 9-pounders. 28-gun sixth-rates were classed as frigates, those smaller as 'post ships', indicating that they were still commanded by a full ('post') captain, as opposed to sloops of 18 guns and less, which were under commanders.
Allen Oxenburg
Allen Sven Oxenburg (July 10, 1927 – July 2, 1992) was an American opera director. He notably co-founded the American Opera Society (AOS) in 1950 with conductor Arnold Gamson, serving as the AOS's Artistic Director for two decades. He not only ran the administrative side of the AOS, but also served the company as stage director, program annotator, libretto translator and score editor. His work with the AOS was highly influential in sparking and perpetuating the post World War II bel canto revival, particularly through a number of highly lauded productions of rarely heard works by Gioachino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti, and Vincenzo Bellini.

Arnold Gamson
Arnold U. Gamson (December 30, 1926 – January 17, 2018) was an American conductor who was particularly known for his work within the field of opera. He notably co-founded and served as the music director and principal conductor of the American Opera Society from 1950–1960. His work with the AOS was highly influential in sparking and perpetuating the post-World War II bel canto revival, particularly through a number of highly lauded productions of rarely heard works by Gioachino Rossini and Vincenzo Bellini. He was the husband of renowned dancer and choreographer Annabelle Gamson. Their daughter, Rosanna Gamson, is also a celebrated choreographer and their son, David Gamson is a composer of platinum-selling popular songs.
Vijaya Karnataka
Vijaya Karnataka is a Kannada newspaper published from a number of cities in   Karnataka. The newspaper is published from Bengaluru, Hubballi, Mangaluru, Shivamogga, Kalaburagi, Gangavathi, Belagavi, Davanagere, Hassan, Chitradurga. It was started by VRL group, headed by entrepreneur and politician, Vijay Sankeshwar in October 1999. The newspaper along with sister publications (Vijay Times) was purchased by the Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd., publishers of India's leading newspaper, The Times of India in 2006.

The Times Group
Bennett, Coleman and Co. Ltd. (BCCL), d/b/a The Times Group, is an Indian media conglomerate based in Mumbai. Notable media properties owned and operated by the group include India's largest selling daily English-language newspaper The Times of India, television channels such as Times Now, the radio station network Radio Mirchi, and magazines Filmfare and Femina.

The Sahu Jain family owns a majority of the stake in the group. In May 2023, the Times Group was split into two separate business entities between brothers Vineet Jain and Samir Jain, such that its radio and broadcast properties would remain with Vineet Jain and its print properties would be under the ownership of Samir Jain.
Chimney Sweepers and Chimneys Regulation Act 1840
The Chimney Sweepers and Chimneys Regulation Act 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. 85) was a British act of Parliament passed to try to stop child labour. Many boys as young as six were being used as chimney sweeps. One of many chimney sweeps such as Newport, Isle of Wight's Valentine Grey, a 10-year-old, who was murdered by his master Benjamin Davis because he had failed to clean a chimney properly, forced the passing of the "Climbing Boys Act".

This act prohibited any person under 21 being compelled or knowingly allowed to ascend or descend a chimney or flue for sweeping, cleaning or coring.

Chimney sweep
A chimney sweep is a person who inspects then clears soot and creosote from chimneys. The chimney uses the pressure difference caused by a hot column of gas to create a draught and draw air over the hot coals or wood enabling continued combustion. Chimneys may be straight or contain many changes of direction. During normal operation, a layer of creosote builds up on the inside of the chimney, restricting the flow. The creosote can also catch fire, setting the chimney alight (and potentially the entire building). The chimney must be swept to remove the soot.

In Great Britain, master sweeps took apprentices, typically workhouse or orphan boys, and trained them to climb chimneys. In the German States, master sweeps belonged to trade guilds and did not use climbing boys. In Italy, Belgium, and France, climbing boys were used.

The occupation requires some dexterity and carries health risks.
Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities
The Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access academic journal published by UPM Press (University of Putra Malaysia). It covers all aspects of social and behavioural sciences as well as the humanities. The editor-in-chief is Puvaneswaran Kunasekaran (Universiti of Putra Malaysia).

UPM Press
UPM Press is the university press of Universiti Putra Malaysia. The press is one of the entities under the Office of Deputy Vice-Chancellor Research and Innovation, University Putra Malaysia. UPM Press operates the UPM Press Bookshop  and the publisher for the official academic journal of University Putra Malaysia, the Pertanika journals.
Battle of Patay
The Battle of Patay, fought on 18 June 1429 during the Hundred Years' War, was the culmination of the Loire Campaign between the French and English in north-central France. In this engagement, the horsemen of the French vanguard inflicted heavy casualties on an English army, most of them sustained by the longbowmen as the English cavalry fled. In addition, all but one of the senior English commanders were captured. A victory often credited to Joan of Arc, she was in fact not present for the battle as she had remained with the main body of the French army. The vanguard at Patay was led by La Hire and Jean Poton de Xaintrailles.

The battle was a disastrous blow to English aspirations in France. For the French, it cemented the turn of fortune which had begun at Orléans and concluded a highly successful campaign. The latter was followed by a march to Reims which saw the Dauphin Charles crowned King of France. The Hundred Years' War, however, would continue until 1453.

Thomas Scales, 7th Baron Scales
Thomas Scales, 7th Baron Scales KG (9 October 1399 – 20 July 1460) was an English nobleman and one of the main English military commanders in the last phase of the Hundred Years' War. The son of Robert de Scales, 5th Baron Scales (c. 1372–1402), he succeeded his brother Robert de Scales, 6th Baron Scales (died July 1419) as baron.

Thomas distinguished himself in France, against Jack Cade and in many other places. He was rewarded with a grant of £100 a year during his life and the privilege of a 200-tonne ship to transport goods wherever he saw fit (excluding Calais). He was summoned to Parliament from 1445 to 1460.

Scales was an important man of considerable wealth. This is alluded to in Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 3: King Edward IV's brothers George and Richard complain to Edward about his bestowal of Scales' heiress (one of the wealthiest in England) on his Queen's brother, instead of one of them.
Chowla–Mordell theorem
In mathematics, the Chowla–Mordell theorem is a result in number theory determining cases where a Gauss sum is the square root of a prime number, multiplied by a root of unity. It was proved and published independently by Sarvadaman Chowla and Louis Mordell, around 1951.

In detail, if  is a prime number,  a nontrivial Dirichlet character modulo , and

where  is a primitive -th root of unity in the complex numbers, then

is a root of unity if and only if  is the quadratic residue symbol modulo . The 'if' part was known to Gauss: the contribution of Chowla and Mordell was the 'only if' direction. The ratio in the theorem occurs in the functional equation of L-functions.

Gauss sum
In algebraic number theory, a Gauss sum or Gaussian sum is a particular kind of finite sum of roots of unity, typically

where the sum is over elements r of some finite commutative ring R, ψ is a group homomorphism of the additive group R+ into the unit circle, and χ is a group homomorphism of the unit group R× into the unit circle, extended to non-unit r, where it takes the value 0. Gauss sums are the analogues for finite fields of the Gamma function.

Such sums are ubiquitous in number theory. They occur, for example, in the functional equations of Dirichlet L-functions, where for a Dirichlet character χ the equation relating L(s, χ) and L(1 − s, χ) (where χ is the complex conjugate of χ) involves a factor
Lermontov (crater)
Lermontov is an impact crater on the planet Mercury.  The crater is named after Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, a 19th-century Russian poet. The name was approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1976.

The crater floor is somewhat brighter than the exterior surface and is smooth with several irregularly shaped depressions. Such features, similar to those found on the floor of Praxiteles, may be evidence of past explosive volcanic activity on the crater floor.  Lermontov appears reddish in enhanced-color views, suggesting that it has a different composition from the surrounding surface.

To the north of Lermontov are Proust and Bek craters.  To the south is Chaikovskij, and to the southwest is Giotto.

Proust (crater)
Proust is a crater on Mercury.  Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976. It is named after the French novelist Marcel Proust.

Proust is located northeast of Lermontov crater.
Zeuxis (wrestler)
Zeuxis (born November 3, 1988) is a Puerto Rican luchadora enmascarada, or masked female professional wrestler, performing for Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), where she was the CMLL World Women's Champion, and was one-half of the inaugural CMLL World Women's Tag Team Champions, alongside Stephanie Vaquer. She also makes regular tours of Japan with the Reina Joshi Puroresu promotion. Zeuxis' real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.

Reina World Tag Team Championship
The Reina World Tag Team Championship (Campeonato Mundial en Parejas de Reina in Spanish; Reina Sekai Taggu Ōza (Reina世界タッグ王座) in Japanese) was a professional wrestling Tag team championship promoted by Reina Joshi Puroresu. The championship was created in September 2011 in Universal Woman's Pro Wrestling Reina (UWWR) promotion. Through UWWR's working relationship with Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), CMLL wrestlers have also competed for the title. Following the dissolution of UWWR in May 2012, the title moved over to Reina X World, later renamed Reina Joshi Puroresu.
John Overall (bishop)
John Overall (1559–1619) was the 38th bishop of the see of Norwich from 1618 until his death one year later. He had previously served as Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield (from 1614), as Dean of St Paul's Cathedral from 1601, as Master of Catharine Hall (under protest) from 1598, and as Regius Professor of Divinity at Cambridge University from 1596. He also served on the Court of High Commission and as a Translator (in the First Westminster Company) of the King James Version of the Bible.

Overall was born in Hadleigh, Suffolk and studied at St John's College and Trinity College, Cambridge. He is buried within Norwich Cathedral.

Regius Professor of Divinity
The Regius Professorships of Divinity are amongst the oldest professorships at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. A third chair existed for a period at Trinity College Dublin.

The Oxford and Cambridge chairs were founded by Henry VIII. The chair at Cambridge originally had a stipend of £40 per year (which is still paid to the incumbent by Trinity College), later increased by James I with the rectory of Somersham, Cambridgeshire.