hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oxaloacetic acid
Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H.  Oxaloacetic acid, in the form of its conjugate base oxaloacetate, is a metabolic intermediate in many processes that occur in animals. It takes part in gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, fatty acid synthesis and the citric acid cycle.

Phosphoenolpyruvic acid
Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) is the carboxylic acid derived from the enol of pyruvate and a phosphate anion.  It exists as an anion. PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry. It has the highest-energy phosphate bond found (−61.9 kJ/mol) in organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.  In plants, it is also involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation; in bacteria, it is also used as the source of energy for the phosphotransferase system.
Tulan Qaghan
Tulan Qaghan (Chinese: 都蘭可汗/都兰可汗, Pinyin: dōulán kěhàn, Wade-Giles: tu-lan k'o-han, Middle Chinese (Guangyun): [tu˥lɑn˩ kʰɑ˥ɣɑn˩˥], personal name: 阿史那雍虞閭/阿史那雍虞闾, āshǐnà yōngyúlǘ, a-shih-na yung-yü-lü) was the seventh qaghan of the First Turkic Khaganate and the son of Ishbara Qaghan.

Ishbara Qaghan
Ishbara Qaghan (Old Turkic: 𐰃𐱁𐰉𐰺𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣, romanized: Ïšbara qaɣan, Chinese: 沙缽略可汗; pinyin: Shābōlüè Kèhán; Wade–Giles: Sha-po-lüeh K'o-han) (c. 540 – 587) was the first son of Issik Qaghan, grandson of Bumin Qaghan, and the sixth khagan of the Göktürk First Turkic Khaganate (581–587).
Sarahmée
Sarahmée Ouellet (born 1988 in Dakar, Senegal), mononymously known as Sarahmée, is a Senegalese-Canadian rapper from Quebec. She is most noted for her single  "T'as pas cru", which was shortlisted for the 2019 SOCAN Songwriting Prize.

The sister of singer-songwriter Karim Ouellet, she released the EPs Retox in 2011 and Sans détour in 2013 before releasing her full-length debut album Légitime in 2015. She followed up with Irréversible in 2019, and received a Prix Félix nomination for Revelation of the Year at the Gala de l'ADISQ in 2019. The video for her single "Bun Dem", directed by Caraz, was also a Juno Award nominee for Video of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2020.

In 2024 she released Pleure pas ma fille, sinon Maman va pleurer, an album about her grieving her brother's death in 2021.

Karim Ouellet
Karim Ouellet (December 8, 1984 – November 15, 2021) was a Senegalese-born Canadian pop singer-songwriter. He released three albums between 2011 and 2016; his second album Fox won a Juno Award in 2014.
Tubac Presidio State Historic Park
Tubac Presidio State Historic Park, located in Tubac, Arizona, United States, preserves the ruins of the Presidio San Ignacio de Tubac and various other buildings, thereby presenting a timeline of European settlement in this Southern Arizona town. The park contains a museum, a number of historic sites, an underground archeology exhibit displaying the excavated foundations of the Tubac Presidio, and a picnic area. Various cultural events are held on-site throughout the year including Anza Days in October.

Until recently, the park was administered by Arizona State Parks and is the first park in the Arizona state park system. As a result of budget cutbacks, the Tubac Presidio was scheduled to be closed in 2010, but was rescued by local residents and the Tubac Historical Society. It is now operated by The Friends of the Presidio, a 501 (c)(3) nonprofit and staffed with dedicated volunteers.

Presidio San Ignacio de Tubac
The Presidio of San Ignacio de Túbac or Fort Tubac was a Spanish built fortress. The fortification was established by the Spanish Army in 1752 at the site of present-day Tubac, Arizona. Its ruins are preserved in the Tubac Presidio State Historic Park.
Ruben Ecleo Sr.
Ruben Edera Ecleo Sr. (December 9, 1934 – December 20, 1987) was a Filipino religious leader and politician who founded the Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association in 1965, and the mayor of the municipality of Dinagat, Surigao del Norte from 1963 up to 1987.

Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association
The Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association, Inc. (PBMA) is a non-sectarian and non-profit charitable religious fraternal organization for men and women in the Philippines founded by Ruben Edera Ecleo Sr. (December 9, 1934 – December 20, 1987) in 1965 on the Philippine island of Dinagat, off the coast of Mindanao. Upon the senior Ecleo's death in 1987, he was succeeded by his son Ruben B. Ecleo Jr., who died in prison on May 13, 2021, after being convicted of killing his wife in 2002.

As of 2013, the group claimed to have 140,000 members. It was registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in Makati, Philippines, on October 19, 1965, under Registration No. 28042. Its main office is located in San Jose, province of Dinagat Islands.

The Manila Times estimates the group has raised at least PHP 35 million in entrance fees from its members since its founding and has been labeled a religious cult.
Jeff Lemire
Jeff Lemire (/ləˈmɪr/; born March 21, 1976) is a Canadian comic book writer, artist, cartoonist, and television producer. He is the author of critically acclaimed titles including the Essex County Trilogy, Sweet Tooth, and The Nobody. His written work includes All-New Hawkeye, Extraordinary X-Men, Moon Knight and Old Man Logan for Marvel; Superboy, Animal Man, Justice League Dark, Green Arrow and Absolute Flash for DC; Black Hammer and Mazebook for Dark Horse; Descender and Gideon Falls for Image Comics; and Bloodshot Reborn for Valiant.

In 2021, Sweet Tooth was adapted as a Netflix television series through Susan and Robert Downey Jr.'s production company Team Downey, with Lemire serving as an on-set consultant.

Lemire has also collaborated with musicians such as Eddie Vedder on his Matter of Time animated video and Gord Downie on Secret Path, a multimedia storytelling project.

Extraordinary X-Men
Extraordinary X-Men is a comic series from Marvel Comics and the flagship X-Men title under the All-New, All-Different Marvel re-branding. The story takes place following the conclusion of the Secret Wars crossover event. In this comic series, mutants are again faced with possible extinction due to Terrigen Mist which causes exposed mutants to become sterile and possibly suffer from a fatal degenerative disease called "M-Pox". The gas also prevents the activation of the X-Gene. The series ended with #20.
Violin Concerto (Tchaikovsky)
The Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 35 was the only concerto for violin composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Composed in 1878, it is one of the best-known violin concertos.

The concerto was composed in Clarens, Switzerland, where Tchaikovsky was recovering from the fallout of his ill-fated marriage. The concerto was influenced by Édouard Lalo's Symphonie espagnole and was composed with the help of Tchaikovsky's pupil and probable former lover, Iosif Kotek. Despite Tchaikovsky's original intention to dedicate the work to Kotek, he instead dedicated it to Leopold Auer due to societal pressures. Auer, however, refused to perform it, and the premiere was given by Adolph Brodsky in 1881 to mixed reviews. The piece, which Tchaikovsky later rededicated to Brodsky, has since become a staple of the violin repertoire. The concerto has three movements, is scored for solo violin and orchestra, and typically runs for about 35 minutes.

Iosif Kotek
Iosif Iosifovich Kotek, also seen as Josef or Yosif (Russian: Иосиф Иосифович Котек, Iosif Iosifovič Kotek; 6 November [O.S. 25 October] 1855 – 4 January 1885), was a Russian violinist and composer remembered for his association with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.  He assisted Tchaikovsky with technical difficulties in the writing of the solo part in his Violin Concerto in D.
Psalm 6
Psalm 6 is the sixth psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "O LORD, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me in thy hot displeasure". In Latin, it is known as "Domine ne in furore tuo arguas me". This penitential psalm is traditionally attributed to David.

The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It was paraphrased to a metred hymn in German, "Straf mich nicht in deinem Zorn" by Johann Georg Albinus, which Catherine Winkworth translated into "Not in anger, Mighty God". The psalm has been set to music by composers such as Heinrich Schütz, Johann Sebastian Bach, Max Reger, Jules Van Nuffel and Norma Wendelburg.

Straf mich nicht in deinem Zorn
"Straf mich nicht in deinem Zorn" (Do not punish me in your anger) is a Lutheran hymn with a text written by Johann Georg Albinus as a paraphrase of Psalm 6. It was first printed with a formerly secular melody in Dresden in 1694. The song was included in 31 hymnals. The melody inspired musical settings both for organ and vocal works. The hymn was translated by Catherine Winkworth as "Not in anger, Mighty God", which appeared in 13 hymnals.
Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Devil's club
Devil's club or Devil's walking stick (Oplopanax horridus, Araliaceae; syn. Echinopanax horridus, Fatsia horrida) is a large understory shrub native to the rainforests of the Pacific Northwest, but also disjunct on islands in Lake Superior. It is noted for its large palmate leaves and erect, woody stems covered in noxious and irritating spines. It is also known as Alaskan ginseng and similar names, although it is not a true ginseng. In Tlingit it is known as S’áxt’.
Juba
Juba is the capital and largest city of South Sudan. The city is situated on the White Nile and also serves as the capital of the Central Equatoria State. It is the most recently declared national capital and had a population of 525,953 in 2017. It has an area of 52 km2 (20 sq mi), with the metropolitan area covering 336 km2 (130 sq mi).

Juba was established in 1920–21 by the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in a small Bari village, also called Juba. The city was made the capital of Mongalla Province in the late 1920s. The growth of the town accelerated following the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, which made Juba the capital of the Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan. Juba became the capital of South Sudan in 2011 after its independence, but influential parties wanted Ramciel to be the capital. The government announced the move of the capital to Ramciel, but it has not yet occurred.

White Nile
The White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيض an-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in North and East Africa, the minor of the two main tributaries of the Nile, the larger being the Blue Nile. The name "White" comes from the clay sediment carried in the water that changes the water to a pale color.

In the strict meaning, "White Nile" refers to the river formed at Lake No, at the confluence of the Bahr al Jabal and Bahr el Ghazal Rivers. In the wider sense, "White Nile" refers to all the stretches of river draining from Lake Victoria through to the merger with the Blue Nile: the "Victoria Nile" from Lake Victoria via Lake Kyoga to Lake Albert, then the "Albert Nile" to the South Sudan border, and then the "Mountain Nile" or "Bahr-al-Jabal" down to Lake No. "White Nile" may sometimes include the headwaters of Lake Victoria, the most remote of which being 3,700 km (2,300 mi) from the Blue Nile.
Stafford Grammar School
Stafford Grammar School is a co-educational private day school at Burton Manor, located on the outskirts of Stafford, the county town of Staffordshire. Founded in 1982, the school inhabits a building built by the Victorian architect Augustus Pugin.

Augustus Pugin
Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (/ˈpjuːdʒɪn/ PEW-jin; 1 March 1812 – 14 September 1852) was an English architect, designer, artist and critic with French and Swiss origins. He is principally remembered for his pioneering role in the Gothic Revival style of architecture. Among his best-known work is the interior and clock tower of the Palace of Westminster, the meeting place of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Pugin designed many churches in England, and some in Ireland and Australia. He was the son of Auguste Pugin, and the father of Edward Welby Pugin, Cuthbert Welby Pugin, and Peter Paul Pugin, who continued his architectural and interior design firm as Pugin & Pugin.
Nicolò da Voltri
Nicolò da Voltri was an Italian painter who was active in Genoa from 1394 to 1417.  He was the most important native painter in Liguria, a coastal region of northwestern Italy.  His early development took place, probably in the 1370s, in the circle of Barnaba da Modena, who was active in Liguria between 1361 and 1383.  Da Voltri was influenced by the Sienese School painter Taddeo di Bartolo, who was in Liguria between 1393 and 1398.  Da Voltri's later paintings show clear influence of the Pisan painters working in Liguria between 1410 and 1420.

Barnaba da Modena
Barnaba da Modena (c. 1328-c.1386) was a mid-14th-century Italian painter who painted in the style of Byzantine art.  He is considered the first Lombard painter of note and was active in Lombardy, Piedmont, and Pisa in Tuscany.
Women's event at the 45th Chess Olympiad
The women's event at the 45th Chess Olympiad was from 11 to 22 September 2024. It was contested by a record number of 183 teams, representing 181 nations. Hungary, as host nation, fielded three teams. A total of 909 players participated in the open event.

India won the gold medal in the Women's event, which was their first overall win at the Chess Olympiads. Kazakhstan won the silver and the United States took the bronze medals. Dana Kochavi, playing as a reserve for Israel, had the highest rating performance of 2676 by achieving a perfect score of 8 out of 8 possible points. Individual gold medals were also won by Zhu Jiner of China with 7 out of 9 and a rating performance of 2597, Carissa Yip of the United States who had the highest individual score in the tournament of 10 out of 11 with a rating performance of 2634, Divya Deshmukh who scored 9½ out of 11 with a rating performance of 2608, and Vantika Agrawal of India with 7½ out of 9 and a rating performance of 2558.

Vantika Agrawal
Vantika Agrawal (born September 2002) is an Indian chess player who holds the FIDE titles of Woman Grandmaster and International Master. She is a three-time gold medalist at the Chess Olympiad including two gold medals at the 45th Chess Olympiad in 2024 at Budapest. She won a silver medal with the Indian Team at the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games. Agrawal's accolades also include medals in Commonwealth, World Youth, Asian Youth and National Championships.
Ministry of Infrastructure (Sweden)
The Ministry of Infrastructure (Swedish: Infrastrukturdepartementet), was a ministry within the Government of Sweden. It operated between 2019 and 2022.

A new ministry under the name Ministry of Rural Affairs and Infrastructure was created on 1 January 2023.

Ministry of Rural Affairs and Infrastructure (Sweden)
The Ministry of Rural Affairs and Infrastructure (Swedish: Landsbygds- och infrastrukturdepartementet) is a ministry in the Government of Sweden responsible for policies related to rural areas, food and land- and water-based industries, regional development, transport and infrastructure, housing, and community planning.

The ministry is currently headed by the Minister for Rural Affairs, Peter Kullgren of the Christian Democrats.
Byeonhan confederacy
Byeonhan (Korean: 변한; Hanja: 弁韓; pronounced [pjʌn.ɦan]), also known as Byeonjin (변진; 弁辰; [pjʌn.dʑin]), was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from around the beginning of the Common Era to the 4th century in the southern Korean peninsula. Byeonhan was one of the Samhan (or "Three Hans"), along with Mahan and Jinhan.

Mahan confederacy
Mahan (Korean: 마한; Hanja: 馬韓; pronounced [ma.ɦan]) was a tribal grouping in southwestern Korea described in Chinese sources from the 3rd century. It was the largest of the 'three Hans' (the Samhan), along with Byeonhan and Jinhan. During the 4th century, the kingdom of Baekje rose in the territory of Mahan and became one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
John Vanderslice
John Warren Vanderslice (born May 22, 1967) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, and recording engineer. He is the owner and founder of Tiny Telephone, an analog recording studio in San Francisco and Oakland, California.

Vanderslice has released nineteen full-length studio albums and five remix records and EPs on Dead Oceans and Barsuk Records. He has collaborated with musicians such as the Mountain Goats, St. Vincent, and Spoon.

The Mountain Goats
The Mountain Goats are an American indie folk band formed in Claremont, California, by singer-songwriter John Darnielle. The band is currently based in Durham, North Carolina. For many years, the sole member of the Mountain Goats was Darnielle, despite the plural moniker. Although he remains the core member of the band, he has worked with a variety of collaborators over time, including bassist and vocalist Peter Hughes, drummer Jon Wurster, multi-instrumentalist Matt Douglas, singer-songwriter Franklin Bruno, bassist and vocalist Rachel Ware, singer-songwriter/producer John Vanderslice, guitarist Kaki King, and multi-instrumentalist Annie Clark.

Throughout the 1990s, the Mountain Goats were known for producing low-fidelity home recordings (most notably, on a cassette deck boombox) and releasing recordings in cassette or vinyl 7-inch formats.  Since 2002, the Mountain Goats have adopted a more polished approach, often recording studio albums with a full band.
José de Sousa
José Augusto Oliveira de Sousa (born 12 February 1974) is a Portuguese professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he reached a peak ranking of world number six in 2022. A PDC Tour Card holder since 2019, he won his first PDC major title at the 2020 Grand Slam of Darts and competed in the 2021 Premier League, where he finished as runner-up. His best World Championship performance is reaching the last 16 at 2023 PDC World Championship.

De Sousa represented Spain at the 2011 WDF World Cup, but played for the Portuguese team afterwards at the PDC World Cup of Darts. He is known among darts fans for his maverick-like scoring, relatively frequent miscounts and unorthodox checkouts in matches.

Damon Heta
Damon Leigh Heta (born 10 August 1987) is an Australian professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world number eighteen; he reached a peak ranking of world number six in 2024. Nicknamed "the Heat", he has been a PDC Tour Card holder since 2020. Heta won his first European Tour title at the 2022 Gibraltar Darts Trophy and reached his first major semi-final at the 2024 UK Open. He has won a total of 12 PDC titles in his professional career.

Prior to turning professional in 2020, Heta won his first overall PDC title at the 2019 Brisbane Darts Masters as a regional qualifier. He has since represented Australia in the PDC World Cup of Darts, winning the 2022 edition of the tournament alongside teammate Simon Whitlock.
Ganges Delta
The Ganges Delta (also known the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, the Sundarbans Delta or the Bengal Delta) is a river delta predominantly covering the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, consisting of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the world's largest river delta and it empties into the Bay of Bengal with the combined waters of several river systems, mainly those of the Brahmaputra River and the Ganges River. It is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, thus earning the nickname the Green Delta. The delta stretches from the Hooghly River in the west to as far as the Meghna River in the east.

Meghna River
The Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা, romanized: Mēghnā) is one of the major rivers in Bangladesh, one of the three that form the Ganges Delta, the largest delta on earth, which fans out to the Bay of Bengal. A part of the Surma-Meghna River System, the Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh in Kishoreganj District above the town of Bhairab Bazar by the joining of the Surma and the Kushiyara, both of which originate in the hilly regions of eastern India as the Barak River. The Meghna meets its major tributary, the Padma, in Chandpur District. Other major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari, the Gumti, and the Feni. The Meghna empties into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District via four principal mouths, named Tetulia (Ilsha), Shahbazpur, Hatia, and Bamni.
W. P. Snyder Jr. (towboat)
W. P. Snyder Jr., also known as W. H. Clingerman, W. P. Snyder Jr. State Memorial, or J. L. Perry, is a historic towboat moored on the Muskingum River in Marietta, Ohio, at the Ohio River Museum.  A National Historic Landmark, she is the only intact, steam-driven sternwheel towboat still on the nation's river system.

Pusher (boat)
A pusher, pusher craft, pusher boat, pusher tug, or towboat, is a boat designed for pushing barges or car floats. In the United States, the industries that use these vessels refer to them as towboats. These vessels are characterized by a square bow and a shallow draft, and they typically have knees, which are large plates mounted to the bow for pushing barges of various heights. These boats usually operate on rivers and inland waterways. Multiple barges lashed together, or a boat and any barges lashed to it, are referred to as a tow and can have dozens of barges. Many of these vessels, especially the long-haul boats, include living quarters for the crew.
Pocket Operators
Pocket Operators are a line of miniature synthesizers, drum machines and grooveboxes, produced by the Swedish company Teenage Engineering. They were originally released in 2015 as a collaborative effort with the clothing brand Cheap Monday. They are inexpensive, with all main line models retailing for under $100. As of 2022, there are nine models in the main series, along with four limited edition models and an app. They use custom segmented liquid crystal displays.

Cheap Monday
Cheap Monday is a Swedish clothing label known for its skinny jeans and association with 2000s youth culture. Founded in 2004 by Örjan Andersson and Adam Friberg, it was originally established as Weekend, a second-hand store in a Stockholm suburb. The brand then began selling its own designs, its name derived from the fact that the original store was only open on Sundays.

Cheap Monday eventually expanded beyond jeans to include sneakers, flannel, and shirts. Its collections were distributed worldwide in a variety of stores such as Urban Outfitters and Barneys New York, as well as online retailers like The Iconic, SurfStitch, and ASOS. In addition to franchise locations, the label had four standalone stores in London, Paris, Beijing, and Shenyang, and launched several pop-up shops in Stockholm, Utrecht, Los Angeles, and Hong Kong.
South Dakota Highway 471
South Dakota Highway 471 (SD 471) is a 21.981-mile (35.375 km) state highway in western Fall River, South Dakota, United States, that  connects Highway 71 (SD 71), southeast of Rumford, with U.S. Route 18 (US 18), in Edgemont.

South Dakota Highway 71
South Dakota Highway 71 (SD 71) is a 34.535-mile (55.579 km) state highway in Fall River County, South Dakota, United States, that travels from the Nebraska state line (where it continues as N-2/N-71 through the Black Hills National Forest) to U.S. Route 18 Bypass (US 18 Byp.) in Hot Springs. It is part of a triple state highway serving South Dakota, Nebraska, and Colorado.