hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Kaether
Ernst Kaether (25 September 1903 – 11 August 1999) was a German officer, who rose to the rank of general in the Wehrmacht during World War II.

On 22 April 1945, Kaether briefly replaced General Hellmuth Reymann as commander of the Berlin Defence Area and for the defense of the city of Berlin. Kaether was personally promoted to Generalleutnant by Adolf Hitler for this command. However, Kaether never actually took command of Berlin's defenses for the Battle of Berlin. Before Kaether could take command, Hitler cancelled his promotions, and Kaether was replaced by General Helmuth Weidling, commander of the understrength LVI Panzer Corps. For a brief period between Kaether and Weidling, Hitler himself took personal command of the Berlin defences. Another newly-promoted Generalmajor, Erich Bärenfänger, was Hitler's "deputy" commander of the Berlin Defense Area during the brief period.

Helmuth Weidling
Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling (2 November 1891 – 17 November 1955) was a German general during the Second World War. He was the last commander of the Berlin Defence Area during the Battle of Berlin, led the defence of the city against Soviet forces and finally surrendered just before the end of World War II in Europe.
Plinio Penzzi
Plinio Penzzi is a former Paraguayan long-distance runner who represented Paraguay at the 2003 South American Cross Country Championships. He is now the secretary, coach and organizer of the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo. He has coached Christopher Ortiz, Fredy Maidana, Larson Díaz, Víctor Fatecha, Ana Camila Pirelli and Laura Paredes.

Christopher Ortiz
Christopher Ortiz (born Christopher Josué Ortiz González on 2 August 1995 in Coronel Oviedo, Caaguazú, Paraguay) is a Paraguayan sprinter and high jumper and is a national record holder. He belongs to the Paraguay Marathon Club. In 2018, he achieved two national records in 300 metres hurdles and 150 metres hurdles. In April 2018, he achieved his best result in the 100 metre sprint of 10.47 seconds.
Peter Leon
Peter Leon is a Canadian politician, who was appointed to Toronto City Council on October 10, 2013 to succeed Doug Holyday in Ward 3 (Etobicoke Centre).

A former building material salesman, Leon once served in the Etobicoke Library Board and as chair of Etobicoke Hydro. Leon was selected by the city council over Chris Stockwell, a former Member of Provincial Parliament, and Agnes Potts, a former member of Etobicoke's city council prior to the municipal amalgamation of Toronto in 1997.

Leon has been in Etobicoke for 56 years and lives in Eatonville, Toronto in Ward 5 Etobicoke—Lakeshore. He completed his term in 2014 after announcing he would not run for re-election.

Chris Stockwell
Chris Stockwell (March 9, 1957 – February 10, 2018) was a Canadian politician from Ontario. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 to 2003, and served as Speaker of the legislature and cabinet minister in the governments of Mike Harris and Ernie Eves.  Before entering provincial politics, he had been a member of Etobicoke City Council and the Metro Toronto Council. Stockwell's father, Bill Stockwell, was also a prominent municipal politician.
Siemens Digital Industries Software
Siemens Digital Industries Software (formerly UGS and then Siemens PLM Software) is an American  computer software company specializing in 3D & 2D Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) software. The company is a business unit of Siemens, operates under the legal name of Siemens Industry Software Inc, and is headquartered in Plano, Texas.

Nastran
NASTRAN is a finite element analysis (FEA) program that was originally developed for NASA in the late 1960s under United States government funding for the aerospace industry. The MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation (MSC) was one of the principal and original developers of the publicly available NASTRAN code. NASTRAN source code is integrated in a number of different software packages, which are distributed by a range of companies.
Royal Thai Navy
The Royal Thai Navy (Abrv: RTN, ทร.; Thai: กองทัพเรือไทย, RTGS: kong thap ruea thai) is the naval warfare force of Thailand. Established in 1906, it was modernised by the Admiral Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse (1880–1923) who is known as the father of the Royal Navy. It has a structure that includes the naval fleet, Royal Thai Marine Corps, and Air and Coastal Defence Command. The RTN headquarters is at Sattahip Naval Base.

The navy operates three naval area commands (NAC): Northern Gulf of Thailand (First NAC); Southern Gulf of Thailand (Second NAC); and the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) (Third NAC). RTN also has two air wings and one flying unit on its aircraft carrier.

RTMC Reconnaissance Battalion
The Reconnaissance Battalion or RECON  (Thai: กองพันลาดตระเวน กองพลนาวิกโยธิน) is an elite recon battalion in the Royal Thai Marine Corps (RTMC), falling under the Royal Thai Marine Division. A special operations forces unit, it is capable of conducting land, maritime, and air operations.
Schilde
Schilde (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxɪldə] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the towns of Schilde proper and 's-Gravenwezel. In 2021, Schilde had a total population of 19,925. The total area is 35.99 km². It has one of the highest per capita income levels in Flanders. Schilde is home to Rugbyclub Diabolos.

Rugbyclub Diabolos
Rugbyclub Diabolos is a Belgian rugby club in Schilde, founded in 1991. The club is affiliated to the Belgian Rugby Federation through its flemish branch Rugby Vlaanderen.

The first teams, both men´s and women´s, played in 2022-2023 in the Belgian third division (D2). The club also has a Mixar team including players with different abilities.
Kleinburgwedel
Kleinburgwedel (German pronunciation: [ˈklaɪnbʊʁkˌveːdl̩], lit. 'Little Burgwedel', in contrast to "Big Burgwedel"; Low German: Littjen Borwee) is a village and northeastern lying district of the city Burgwedel in the region Hannover in Lower Saxony.

Burgwedel
Burgwedel (German pronunciation: [bʊʁkˈveːdl̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Hanover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km northeast of Hanover. It has a population of around 20,200.
Saint Flewyn
Saint Flewyn is the patron saint and founder of St Fflewin's Church, Llanfflewin, in Anglesey, Wales.

According to Enwogion Cymru, Flewyn was a saint who lived in the early part of the sixth century. He was one of the sons of Ithel Hael, and with his brother Gredifael was appointed to preside over the monastery of Pawl Hen, or Paulinus, at Tygwyn ar Dav, in Carmarthenshire.

Gredifael
Saint Gredifael (also spelt Gredivel, Gredivael or Credifael) is the patron saint and founder of St Gredifael's Church, Penmynydd, in Anglesey, Wales.

According to Enwogion Cymru, Gredifael was a saint who lived in the early part of the sixth century. He was one of the sons of Ithel Hael, and with his brother Flewyn was appointed to preside over the monastery of Pawl Hen, or Paulinus, at Tygwyn ar Dav, in Carmarthenshire.
Gullesfjorden
Gullesfjorden (Norwegian) or Gollevuotna (Northern Sami) is a fjord that cuts into the island of Hinnøya in Troms county, Norway. It is located mostly within Kvæfjord Municipality, although a small part in the northwestern part of the fjord lies in Sortland Municipality in Nordland county. The inner head of the ford is known as Gullesfjordbotn.

The 35-kilometre (22 mi) long fjord is one of three which branch off of the main Andfjorden on the north side of Hinnøya. The other two branches are the Godfjorden and Kvæfjorden. The Gullesfjorden has a smaller feeder fjord entering from the southwest called Austerfjorden.

Hinnøya
Hinnøya (Norwegian; Northern Sami: Iinnasuolu) is the fourth-largest island in Norway, and the largest outside the Svalbard archipelago. The 2,204.7-square-kilometre (851.2 sq mi) lies just off the western coast of Northern Norway.  The island sits on the border of Nordland and Troms counties. The western part of the island is in the district of Vesterålen, the southwestern part is in the Lofoten district, the southeastern part is in the Ofoten district, and the northeastern part is in Troms. As of 2017, Hinnøya had a population of 32,688. The only town on the island is the town of Harstad. Some of the larger villages include Borkenes, Lødingen, Sigerfjord, and Sørvik. The island is split between several municipalities: Harstad, Tjeldsund and Kvæfjord in Troms county, as well as Andøy, Hadsel, Lødingen, Sortland, and Vågan in Nordland county.
Haihte Range
The Haihte Range is a small mountain range on central Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 75 km2 and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.

The Haihte Range contains some of the largest remaining glaciers on Vancouver Island.

Vancouver Island Ranges
The Vancouver Island Ranges, formerly called the Vancouver Island Mountains, are a series  of mountain ranges extending along the length of Vancouver Island which has an area of 31,788 km2 (12,273 sq mi).  The Vancouver Island Ranges comprise the central and largest part of the island.  The Geological Survey of Canada refers to Vancouver Island, Haida Gwaii, and the Alaska Panhandle as the Insular Belt including the sea floor out to 100 km (62 mi) west of Vancouver Island. The Vancouver Island Ranges are a sub-range of the Insular Mountains.
Sami al-Hajj
Sami Mohy El Din Muhammed Al Hajj (Arabic: سامي محي الدين محمد الحاج), aka Sami Al-Haj (born February 15, 1969) is a Sudanese journalist for the Al Jazeera network. In 2001, while on his way to do camera work for the network in Afghanistan, he was arrested by the Pakistani army and held in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camp in Cuba for over six years. After his release, al-Hajj wrote a book titled Prisoner 345. He was released without charge on May 1, 2008. He later attempted to launch legal action against George W. Bush.

Al Hajj's case was portrayed in a documentary titled Prisoner 345 by Al Jazeera producer Ahmad Ibrahim.

Clive Stafford Smith
Clive Adrian Stafford Smith OBE (born 9 July 1959) is a British attorney who specialises in the areas of civil rights and working against capital punishment in the United States. He worked to overturn death sentences for convicts, and helped found the not-for-profit Louisiana Capital Assistance Center in New Orleans. By 2002 this was the "largest capital defence organisation in the South." He was a founding board member of the Gulf Region Advocacy Center, based in Houston, Texas.

In addition, he has represented more than 80 of the detainees held as enemy combatants since 2002 at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. As of February 2021, a total of 40 men are still held there.

In August 2004, Stafford Smith returned from the U.S. to live and work in the United Kingdom. He is the co-founder of Reprieve, a human rights not-for-profit organisation. He left after 15 years, and has now established a new non-profit called 3DCentre. In 2005, he received the Gandhi International Peace Award.
Iltiosbahn
Iltiosbahn is a funicular railway in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. It leads from Unterwasser at 911 m (2,989 ft) to Iltios at 1,339 m (4,393 ft), from where an aerial cableway continues to Chäserrugg (2,262 m, 7,421 ft), a peak of the Churfirsten range above Lake Walen. The line has a length of 1,195 m (3,921 ft) with a maximum incline of 27% and a difference of elevation of 428 m (1,404 ft).

The funicular is owned and operated by Toggenburg Bergbahnen AG.

The railway was built in 1934, the aerial lift 1972.

Churfirsten
The Churfirsten is a mountain range in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. They form the natural boundary between the canton's Toggenburg and Sarganserland districts. They are the southernmost range of the Appenzell Alps, separated from the Glarus Alps by the Seez Valley and Lake Walen (Walensee).

They consist of a limestone ridge running east to west, with the individual peaks formed by erosion. The ridge is defined much more sharply to the south than to the north, with an almost vertical drop of several hundred meters towards Walenstadtberg and eventually Lake Walen at 419 metres (1,375 ft). The southern slope of the range was significantly formed by the Rhine Glacier during the Würm glaciation.

There are several hiking routes on the range. The Schwendiseen are two small lakes on the northern side of the range (below Chäserrugg). Wildenmannlisloch is a cave on the northern slope of the Selun. Quinten is a car-free village south-west of Churfirsten on the northern shore of Lake Walen.
Shades of gray
Variations of gray or grey include achromatic grayscale shades, which lie exactly between white and black, and nearby colors with low colorfulness. A selection of a number of these various colors is shown below.

Grey
Grey or gray is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning that it has no chroma. It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash, and of lead.

The first recorded use of grey as a color name in the English language was in 700 CE. Grey is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, while gray is more common in American English; however, both spellings are valid in both varieties of English.

In Europe and North America, surveys show that grey is the color most commonly associated with neutrality, conformity, boredom, uncertainty, old age, indifference, and humility. Only one percent of respondents chose it as their favorite color.
Notonykia africanae
Notonykia africanae, the African clubhook-squid, is a species of squid in the family Onychoteuthidae. It is the type species of the genus Notonykia. While the mature size of the species is unknown, it is known to reach a mantle length of at least 180 mm. Tentacles reach approximately 70% of the mantle length, and contain 14–20 club hooks. Arms are known to reach 27–45% (arm I) and 33–55% (arms II-IV) of the mantle length; each containing 50–60 suckers. The species is located in southern waters off Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand and South Africa.

Hooked squid
The hooked squid, family Onychoteuthidae, currently comprise about 20–25 species (several known from only single life stages and thus unconfirmed), in six or seven genera. They range in mature mantle length from 7 cm (2.8 in) to a suggested length of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) for the largest member, Onykia robusta. The family is characterised by the presence of hooks only on the tentacular clubs, a simple, straight, funnel–mantle locking apparatus, and a 'step' inside the jaw angle of the lower beak. With the exception of the Arctic Ocean, the family is found worldwide.
Farafangana mine
The Farafangana mine is a large mine located in the southern part of Madagascar in Atsimo-Atsinanana. Farafangana represents one of the largest bauxite reserves in Madagascar and one of the largest in Africa, having estimated reserves of 100 million tonnes grading 37% aluminium oxide.

Atsimo-Atsinanana
Atsimo-Atsinanana (South East) is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Fitovinany and Haute Matsiatra (North), Ihorombe (West) and Anosy (South).

The population was 1,026,674 in 2018. It is among the poorest regions in the country, with a poverty rate of 83.9% according to a 2005 government report.
Julia Soaemias
Julia Soaemias Bassiana (180 – 11 March 222) was a Syrian noblewoman and the mother of Roman emperor Elagabalus, who ruled over the Roman Empire from 218 to 222. She was one of his chief advisors, initially with the support and accompaniment of her mother Julia Maesa. She and her mother guided the young emperor until growing unrest and a family division led to her son's replacement by her nephew Severus Alexander. Julia Soaemias was killed along with her son by the Praetorian Guard.

Julia Soaemias was born and raised in Emesa, Syria and through her mother was related to the Royal family of Emesa, and through marriage, to the Severan dynasty of Ancient Rome.

Emesene dynasty
The Emesene (or Emesan) dynasty, also called the Sampsigeramids or the Sampsigerami or the House of Sampsigeramus (Arabic: آل شمسيغرام, romanized: ʾĀl Šamsīġirām), were a Roman client dynasty of Syrian priest-kings known to have ruled by 46 BC from Arethusa and later from Emesa, Syria, until between 72 and 78/79, or at the latest the reign of Emperor Antoninus Pius (138–161). Iamblichus, the famous Neoplatonist philosopher of the third century, was one of their descendants, as was empress Julia Domna, matriarch of the Severan dynasty.
European route E39
European route E39 is the designation of a 1,330-kilometre (830 mi) north–south road in Norway and Denmark from Klett, just south of Trondheim, to Aalborg via Bergen, Stavanger and Kristiansand. In total, there are nine ferries, more than any other single road in Europe.

In Trondheim, there are connections to E6 and E14; in Ålesund, to E136, in Bergen to E16, in Haugesund, to E134, in Kristiansand to E18, and in Aalborg to E45.

Mastrafjord Tunnel
The Mastrafjord Tunnel (Norwegian: Mastrafjordtunnelen) is a subsea road tunnel in Stavanger municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The 4,424-metre (2.75 mi) long tunnel runs under the Mastrafjorden, which flows between the islands of Mosterøy and Rennesøy. The tunnel opened in 1992 as part of the European route E39 highway and the Rennesøy Fixed Link (which also includes the Byfjord Tunnel).  The southern end of the tunnel is located near the village of Askje on Mosterøy and the northern end of the tunnel is in the village of Vikevåg on Rennesøy.  With a maximum grade of 8%, the tunnel reaches its deepest point at 133 metres (436 ft) below sea level.
Taylor Goldsmith
Taylor Dawes Goldsmith (born August 16, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. He serves as the lead singer, guitarist, and chief songwriter of American folk rock band Dawes.

Blake Mills
Blake Mathew Simon Mills (born September 21, 1986) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and composer based in California. He is known for production and guitar work on albums and singles by many artists, including Fiona Apple, Perfume Genius, Bob Dylan, Feist, Jack Johnson, Marcus Mumford, Laura Marling, Weyes Blood, John Legend, Alabama Shakes, Beck, Conor Oberst, and Bruce Hornsby; as a touring musician with artists such as Lucinda Williams, Band of Horses and Jenny Lewis; and his four solo albums.
Buka, Papua New Guinea
5°25′19″S 154°40′22″E﻿ / ﻿5.42194°S 154.67278°E﻿ / -5.42194; 154.67278

Buka is a town located on the southern coast of Buka Island, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in eastern Papua New Guinea. It is administered under Buka Rural LLG. It is the capital of North Bougainville District and the interim capital of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville. It contains Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral.

Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral, Buka
The Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral is a religious building belonging to the Roman Catholic Church and is located in the town of Buka on the south coast of the island of Buka, in the autonomous region of Bougainville, formerly ″province of Bougainville″ which is part of Papua New Guinea a country in Oceania.

The cathedral follows the Roman or Latin rite and depends on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bougainville (Dioecesis Buganvillensis), which in turn is under the responsibility of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (Congregatio pro Gentium Evangelizatione).

The ancient cathedral of the diocese was the church of St. Michael the Archangel in Tubiana, in the same province.
Big Deer Pond
Big Deer Pond in Hamilton County, New York is located approximately 1.5 west of Lows Lake in the Five Ponds Wilderness Area and the Adirondacks "Bob Marshall Wilderness" area (there is another in Montana). It serves as a 1/2 mile water-portage between Lows Lake and the upper Oswegatchie River. The portage is a total of 3.5 miles through blowdown of virgin timber. Big Deer Pond is noted for being a large shallow pond with numerous bog plant life. It was initially named Lost Pond by surveyor Verplanck Colvin before being rediscovered by conservationist Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) after the turn of the 20th century.

Lows Lake (New York)
Lows Lake is located in the Adirondack Park in northeastern New York. It is in the New York State Forest Preserve Five Ponds Wilderness Area, 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Tupper Lake. The Adirondack Park Agency classifies the lake as a Primitive Area meaning that it is wilderness in character, but contains artificial structures and private lands.

It is also named Bog River Flow, since it was artificially created by damming the river of that name.

The area is home to Sabattis Scout Reservation, a multi-thousand acre summer camp for Boy Scouts.
Panzerkampfwagen E-100
The Panzerkampfwagen E-100 (Gerät 383) (TG-01) was a German super-heavy tank design developed towards the end of World War II. It was the largest of the Entwicklung series of tank designs which was intended to improve German armored vehicle production through standardization on cheaper, simpler to build vehicles. By the end of the war, the chassis of the prototype E-100 had been partially completed; it was shipped to the United Kingdom for trials, but was later scrapped. The E-100 Prototype was said to be similar to the Panzerkampfwagen VIII (Maus).

Super-heavy tank
A super-heavy tank is any tank that is notably beyond the standard of the class heavy tank in either size or weight relative to contemporary vehicles.

Programs have been initiated on several occasions with the aim of creating an extremely resilient vehicle for penetrating enemy formations without fear of being destroyed in combat; however, only a few examples were built, and there is little evidence of any super-heavy tank having seen combat. Examples were designed in the First and Second World Wars, along with a few during the Cold War.
Malta Gaming Authority
The Malta Gaming Authority (MGA), formerly the Lotteries and Gaming Authority (LGA), is the gaming control board of Malta. It regulates most forms of gambling in its territory, including both land-based (casino, amusement and slot machines, betting offices, fantasy sports, and lotteries) and online gambling services including B2C and B2B services.

Gaming control board
A gaming control board (GCB), also called by various names including gambling control board, casino control board, gambling board, and gaming commission, is a government agency charged with regulating casino and other types of gaming in a defined geographical area, usually a state, and of enforcing gaming law in general.
HornAfrik TV
HornAfrik TV was a television network based in Mogadishu, Somalia. It was part of the HornAfrik Media Inc network, which also operated Radio HornAfrik, another radio station, a website and a training research center. According to MENASSAT, the Arab world media resource, HornAfrik TV during its existence operated six channels in Somali and Arabic, the two official languages of Somalia.

HornAfrik Media Inc
HornAfrik was a media organization based in Mogadishu, Somalia. Prior to its closure in 2010, it was the first independent radio network to have its headquarters in the city. HornAfrik operated Radio HornAfrik, as well as one other radio station, a television station, a website and a training research center.