hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ACA International
ACA International  is a trade group located in the United States representing debt collection agencies, creditors, debt buyers, collection attorneys, and debt collection industry service providers.

ACA International is based in Minneapolis and Washington, D.C. with members located throughout the U.S. and more than 25 other countries. The organization, through its members, represents more than 150,000 industry employees.

Debt collection
Debt collection or cash collection is the process of pursuing payments of money or other agreed-upon value owed to a creditor. The debtors may be individuals or businesses. An organization that specializes in debt collection is known as a collection agency or debt collector. Most collection agencies operate as agents of creditors. They collect debts for a fee or percentage of the total amount owed. Historically, debtors could face debt slavery, debtor's prison, or coercive collection methods. In the 21st century in many countries, legislation regulates debt collectors, and limits harassment and practices deemed unfair.
Hardscrabble Pass
Hardscrabble Pass (9,085 ft; 2,769 m) is a mountain pass in South-Central Colorado (USA). It lies between the Wet Mountain Valley to the west and the valley of the Arkansas River to the east. The pass traverses the Wet Mountains. State Highway 96 runs over the pass, linking the towns of Wetmore to the east and Westcliffe to the west.

The pass forms part of the Frontier Pathways Scenic and Historic Byway. Hardscrabble Pass goes through the San Isabel National Forest.

Colorado State Highway 96
State Highway 96 (SH 96) is a state highway in eastern Colorado. Its western terminus is an intersection with SH 69 in Westcliffe. Its eastern terminus is at the Kansas state line, east of Towner, where it continues as K-96.
US Navy airships during World War II
The United States Navy proposed to the U.S. Congress the development of a lighter-than-air station program for anti-submarine patrolling of the coast and harbors. This program proposed, in addition to the expansion at Naval Air Station and Lakehurst, the construction of new stations. The original contract was for steel hangars, 960 ft (290 m) long, 328 ft (100 m) wide and 190 ft (58 m) high, helium storage and service, barracks for 228 men, a power plant, landing mat, and a mobile mooring mast.

The Second Deficiency Appropriation Bill for 1941 passed in July 1941, changing the authorization to the construction of eight facilities to accommodate a total of 48 airships (as requested in 1940). Some of these new hangars were built at Lakehurst, Moffett, Weymouth and Weeksville; bases which already had metal hangars.

G-class blimp
The G-Class Blimps were a series of non-rigid airships (blimps) used by the United States Navy. In 1935, instead of developing a new design airship, the Navy purchased the Goodyear Blimp Defender for use as a trainer and utility airship assigning it the designator G-1. Defender was built by the Goodyear Aircraft Company of Akron, Ohio and was the largest blimp in the company’s fleet of airships that were used for advertising and as passenger airships. Goodyear built additional G-class airships for the Navy during World War II to support training needs.
Tullamarine
Tullamarine (/ˌtʌləməˈriːn/ ⓘ TUL-ə-mə-REEN) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 14 km (8.7 mi) north-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Brimbank, Hume and Merri-bek local government areas. Tullamarine recorded a population of 6,733 at the 2021 census.

The suburb is a collection of recent housing estates and light industry. Generally flat and exposed to the hot northerly winds of Melbourne's summer, as well as cold southerly winds in winter, its most notable feature is the nearby Melbourne Airport. Tullamarine's residential area is contained in a circular loop of the Moonee Ponds Creek, and its western boundary is the Melbourne Airport. Tullamarine contains the smaller residential area of Gladstone Park. The Albion-Jacana railway line separates Tullamarine from Airport West to the south.

City of Keilor
The City of Keilor was a local government area about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northwest of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 99.70 square kilometres (38.49 sq mi), and existed from 1863 until 1994.
Mekoryuk, Alaska
Mekoryuk (Nunivak Cup'ig: Mikuryarmiut; Central Yup'ik: Mikuryar) is a city located on Nunivak Island in the Bethel Census Area, Alaska, United States. As of the 2020 census, Mekoryuk had a population of 206.

Bethel Census Area, Alaska
Bethel Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population is 18,666, up from 17,013 in 2010. It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Bethel, which is also the largest city in the unorganized borough.
Kiowa Six
The Kiowa Six, previously known as the Kiowa Five, is a group of six Kiowa artists from Oklahoma in the early 20th century, working in the "Kiowa style". The artists were Spencer Asah, James Auchiah, Jack Hokeah, Stephen Mopope, Monroe Tsatoke and Lois Smoky.

Ledger art
Ledger art is narrative drawing or painting on paper or cloth, predominantly practiced by Plains Indians but also from the Indigenous peoples of the Plateau and Great Basin. Ledger art flourished primarily from the 1860s to the 1920s. A revival of ledger art began in the 1960s and 1970s. The term comes from the accounting ledger books that were a common source of paper for Plains Indians during the late 19th century.

Battle exploits were the most frequently represented themes in ledger art. Many ledger artists documented the rapidly changing environment by portraying new technologies such as trains, as well as encounters with European Americans and American soldiers. Other themes such as religious practices, hunting, and courtship were also subjects.  Many ledger artists worked together with ethnologists, to document cultural information such as shield and tipi designs, winter counts, dances and regalia.
Sewardiella
Sewardiella is a genus of liverwort in the family Petalophyllaceae. It contains the single species, Sewardiella tuberifera, which is endemic to India.  Its natural habitat is rocky areas, and it is threatened by habitat loss.

Petalophyllaceae
Petalophyllaceae is a family of liverworts in the order Fossombroniales.  Most species are thallose; that is, the plant is not differentiated into root, stem, and leaf. The thallus is typically small and bears lamellae on its dorsal surface that give it a ruffled, leafy appearance.

The family includes two extant genera, Petalophyllum and Sewardiella.
Westown
Westown is a suburb of New Plymouth, in the western North Island of New Zealand. It is located to the southwest of the city centre and west of Frankleigh Park.

Taranaki Base Hospital lies between Westown and Lynmouth. Yarrow Stadium is a rugby union ground in Westown.

Frankleigh Park
Frankleigh Park is a suburb of New Plymouth, in the western North Island of New Zealand. It is located to the south of the city centre. The suburb is built around the site of early settler Henry King's farm, Woodleigh, the father of William Cutfield King.

The suburb is one of the older and more established suburbs of the city, lying in the valley of the Huatoki River. It lies between the suburbs of Westown to the west, and Vogeltown to the east.

Some of the main streets include Brois Street, Veale Road, Frankley Road, Fernleigh Street, Govett Avenue, and Ashmore Drive. Frankleigh Park is home to a primary school, a kindergarten and a shopping centre, and has two large parks, Sutherland Park and Ferndale Park.
Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Al-Ḥārith ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib (Arabic: الحارث بن عبد المطلب) was one of the uncles of Muhammad. He was the son of Abd al-Muttalib, of the Quraysh in Mecca, by his first wife, Sumra bint Jundab, who was from Hawazin tribe.: 99  For a long time his father, who took from him the kunya Abu al-Harith,: 99  had no other children.: 62 : 87

It is said that al-Harith assisted Abd al-Muttalib with the excavation of the Zamzam Well: 62  by carrying away the dug earth.: 87  Al-Harith had many children by some wives.

Abd al-Muttalib
Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شيبة بن هاشم; c. 481–578), better known as ʿAbd al-Muttalib, (Arabic: عبد المطلب, lit. 'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation and grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Heating element
A heating element is a device used for conversion of electric energy into heat, consisting of a heating resistor and accessories. Heat is generated by the passage of electric current through a resistor through a process known as Joule heating. Heating elements are used in household appliances, industrial equipment, and scientific instruments enabling them to perform tasks such as cooking, warming, or maintaining specific temperatures higher than the ambient.

Heating elements may be used to transfer heat via conduction, convection, or radiation. They are different from devices that generate heat from electrical energy via the Peltier effect, and have no dependence on the direction of electrical current.

Self-regulating heater
A positive-temperature-coefficient heating element, also called a PTC heating element or self-regulating heater, is an electrical resistance heater whose resistance increases significantly with temperature. The name self-regulating heater comes from the tendency of such heating elements to maintain a constant temperature when supplied by a given voltage.

PTC heating elements are a type of thermistor.
Message from Turnberry
The Message from Turnberry (also known as message of Turnberry or the Turnberry message) was a message of 8 June 1990 sent by the North Atlantic Council meeting on June 7–8 near the ruins of the Turnberry Castle, Scotland, addressed "to the Soviet Union and to all other European countries"; effectively meaning the Warsaw Pact (Warsaw Treaty Organization) and neutral European nations, offering "friendship and cooperation... to help build a new peaceful order in Europe, based on freedom, justice and democracy".

Turnberry Castle
Turnberry Castle is a fragmentary ruin on the coast of Kirkoswald parish, near Maybole in Ayrshire, Scotland. Situated at the extremity of the lower peninsula within the parish, it was the seat of the Earls of Carrick. Turnberry Castle is adjacent to Turnberry Golf Course.
Carson and Colorado Railway
The Carson and Colorado Railway was a U.S. 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railroad that ran from Mound House, Nevada, to Keeler, California, below the Cerro Gordo Mines. The narrow gauge track was chosen to reduce cost. The railroad served an arid area heavily dependent on mineral resources for economic activity. Much of the route now parallels U.S. Route 95 Alternate, U.S. Route 95, Nevada State Route 360, U.S. Route 6, and U.S. Route 395. After it was acquired by the Southern Pacific Railroad, the sprawling company romantically dubbed the route as the Slim Princess.

Montgomery Pass, Nevada
Montgomery Pass is a mountain pass on U.S. Route 6 in Mineral County, Nevada.  The pass is near the Nevada/California border in Inyo National Forest.

The populated place of Mount Montgomery is located east of the pass.  Mount Montgomery was also known as Mt. Gomery and Summit.  Mt. Gomery was a station on the Carson and Colorado Railway.  In 1940, Montgomery had a service station, a store and a bar.

Nearby towns are Bishop and Bridgeport, California and Tonopah, Nevada.  The nearest city is Carson City, Nevada, about 180 miles to the north.

There was a small casino near Montgomery Pass, but it burned down sometime before 2011.
Made in Germany Live
Made In Germany Live is a two-CD live album by German pop singer Nena, released on 17 September 2010. It contains her live performance at Berlin on 24 April 2010, with bonus tracks from concert dates in 2009 and 2010 on the special edition of the album. The bonus tracks include two songs by Nena’s first band, The Stripes. Of the 27 tracks featured in the album, 11 were from the “Made in Germany” album which the concert tour was promoting.  Of the remaining 16, ten are songs from the 1980s and six from the 2000s, leaving Nena’s work from the 1990s (the most productive decade of her solo career in terms of new material) completely unrepresented.

The Stripes
The Stripes were a German pop band founded on 2 July 1979 in the town of Hagen by Rainer Kitzmann, who played guitar. The lead singer was Gabriele Susanne Kerner, before she became known as Nena Kerner, who would later form the band Nena. Another future member of the band Nena, Rolf Brendel (Nena's boyfriend at the time), played the drums. Frank Röhler played bass. The band was known for singing exclusively in English. They released five singles and one studio album, after which they split up on 3 March 1982. Their song "Ecstasy" was a minor hit.
Rajendra Prasad Yadav (Hasanpur politician)
Rajendra Prasad Yadav was an MLA from the Hasanpur constituency of Bihar from 1985 to 1990. He was a Minister of State in the Bihar Government. He died in the year 2018 and was cremated with full state honours. He had a daughter (eldest) followed by three sons. His eldest son, Shri Chhatrapati Yadav who is an active politician and is an MLA from the Khagaria constituency of Bihar (2020 Bihar State Elections).

Chhatrapati Yadav
Chhatrapati Yadav is an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress and a Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly representing Khagaria. He got elected for the first time in the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He is a son of a former politician, legislator and minister in the Bihar Government, Rajendra Prasad Yadav, who used to contest elections from Hasanpur legislative constituency of Bihar. He has been touring his constituency and focusing on civic and infrastructural issues.
Monmouth Hawks baseball
The Monmouth Hawks baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Monmouth University in West Long Branch, New Jersey, United States. The team is a member of the Colonial Athletic Association, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays its home games at Monmouth Baseball Field in West Long Branch, New Jersey. The Hawks are coached by Dean Ehehalt.

As of 2020, at least five Monmouth players, including Brad Brach and Ed Halicki, have played in Major League Baseball. Twenty players have been selected from the school in the Major League Baseball draft with the highest selection being Pat Light who was taken 37th overall in 2012.

Monmouth Baseball Field
Monmouth Baseball Field is a baseball venue in West Long Branch, New Jersey, United States.  It is home to the Monmouth Hawks baseball team of the NCAA Division I Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference.  The facility is located at the southwest corner of the Monmouth campus.  It features a natural grass surface and has the following dimensions: 325 ft. (LF), 365 ft. (LCF), 390 ft. (CF), 365 ft. (RCF), 320 ft. (RF).
Wyaconda C-1 School District
Wyaconda C-1 School District was a school district based in Wyaconda, Missouri.

It was initially a K-12 school district. It ended high school operations in 2002 and began to send high school-aged students to the Clark County R-I School District's Clark County High School and the Scotland County R-I School District high school. In May 2006 the state revoked its accreditation, stating that it habitually was not academically performing. In 2008, in the district's sole K-8 school, it had 32 students. 13 students living in the district boundaries attended other school districts.

In April 2008 the Missouri State Board of Education voted to eliminate the school district. This was the first such time that the state board closed a school district due to low academic achievement. The bulk of the students were to move on to the Clark County school district.

Clark County R-I School District
Clark County R-I School District is a school district headquartered in Kahoka, Missouri.

The district, mostly in Clark County, includes the municipalities of Kahoka, Alexandria, Luray, Revere, Wayland, and Wyaconda, as well as the Medill and St. Francisville census-designated places. The district extends into Lewis County.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2021)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland during 2021. There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2021)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom from July 2021 to December 2021.

There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. The numbers of cases and deaths are reported on a government Web site updated daily during the pandemic. The UK-wide COVID Symptom Study based on surveys of four million participants, endorsed by authorities in Scotland and Wales, run by health science company ZOE, and analysed by King's College London researchers, publishes daily estimates of the number of new and total current COVID-19 infections (excluding care homes) in UK regions, without restriction to only laboratory-confirmed cases.
Crypt TV
Crypt TV is an American entertainment company founded by Jack Davis and filmmaker Eli Roth in April 2015, focused on the creation and distribution of horror-themed digital content with an emphasis on recurring monsters and characters in linked universes. Its creation was backed by producer Jason Blum and Blumhouse Productions.

Crypt specializes in short-form online horror videos, including characters that have gone viral such as The Birch and The Look-See. The company has a combined social media following of 5 million likes on Facebook and 3.41 million subscribers on YouTube.

The Girl in the Woods
The Girl in the Woods is an American horror television series produced by Crypt TV, which premiered on Peacock on October 21, 2021. It follows the story of a secret door protected by a cult, whose children suffer the aftermath after deciding to open it. The show stars Stefanie Scott, Misha Osherovich, and Sofia Bryant.

The series was produced following the success of two similarly-titled short films, which it is loosely based on. The Girl in the Woods earned positive reviews from critics, who praised the scares and the performance of Scott, however some found its plot to be formulaic.
50% Rule
The 50% rule or 50% cap in English faith school admissions introduced in 2010, stipulating that where newly established academies with a religious character are oversubscribed, at least 50% of their places would be "open places", i.e. allocated without reference to faith. The rule is sometimes referred to as the faith cap on admissions. However, as the open places were just as accessible to faith applicants as non-faith applicants, in practice the rule did not explicitly prevent such schools from having more than 50% of students with a faith affiliation.

The 50% rule applied only to new academies, established under the "free school" programme, not to maintained schools that converted to academy status.

Faith school
A faith school is a school in the United Kingdom that teaches a general curriculum but which has a particular religious character or formal links with a religious or faith-based organisation. The term is most commonly applied to state-funded faith schools, although many independent schools also have religious characteristics.

There are various types of state-funded faith school, including Voluntary Aided (VA) schools, Voluntary Controlled (VC) schools, and Faith Academies.

Schools with a formal faith designation may give priority to applicants who are of the faith, and specific exemptions from Section 85 of the Equality Act 2010 enable them to do that.  However, state-funded faith schools must admit other applicants if they cannot fill all of their places and must ensure that their admission arrangements comply with the School Admissions Code.

Note that legislation varies between the countries of the United Kingdom since education is a devolved matter.
Mandalay Region
Mandalay Region (Burmese: မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, pronounced [máɰ̃dəlé táiɰ̃ dèθa̰ dʑí]; formerly Mandalay Division) is an administrative division of Myanmar. It is located in the center of the country, bordering Sagaing Region and Magway Region to the west, Shan State to the east, and Bago Region and Kayin State to the south. The regional capital is Mandalay. To the south of the region lies the national capital of Naypyidaw. The division consists of eleven districts, which are subdivided into 28 townships and 2,320 wards and village-tracts.

Mandalay Region is important in Myanmar's economy, accounting for 15% of the national economy. It is under the administration of the Mandalay Region Government.

Pyin Oo Lwin
Pyin Oo Lwin or Pyin U Lwin (Burmese: ပြင်ဦးလွင်မြို့, MLCTS: prang u: lwang mrui., pronounced [pjɪ̀ɰ̃ ʔú lwɪ̀ɰ̃]; Shan: ဝဵင်းပၢင်ႇဢူႈ, Weng Pang U), formerly and colloquially referred to as Maymyo (Burmese: မေမြို့, MLCTS: me mrui.), is a scenic hill town in the Mandalay Region, Myanmar, approximately 67 kilometers (42 mi) east of Mandalay, at an elevation of 1,070 metres (3,510 ft). The town had an estimated population of around 255,000 in 2014.
South-East Asian theatre of World War II
The South-East Asian Theatre of World War II consisted of the campaigns of the Pacific War in the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Indochina, Burma, India, Malaya, and Singapore between 1941 and 1945.

Japan attacked British and American territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific on 7/8 December 1941. Action in this theatre ended when Japan announced an intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place on 2 September 1945.

American-British-Dutch-Australian Command
The American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA) Command, or ABDACOM, was the short-lived supreme command for all Allied forces in South East Asia in early 1942, during the Pacific War in World War II. It consisted of the forces of Australia, the Netherlands, United Kingdom and the United States.

Led by General Sir Archibald Wavell, the command's objective was to maintain control of the "Malay Barrier" (or "East Indies Barrier"), a notional line running down the Malay Peninsula through Singapore and the southernmost islands of the Dutch East Indies. ABDACOM was also known within the British military as the "South West Pacific Command" (not to be confused with the later South West Pacific Area command established in March 1942).

Although ABDACOM collapsed only in eight weeks without achieving its aims, it provided some useful lessons for combined Allied commands later in the war and is still studied by contemporary military analysts.
Mirognathus
Mirognathus is a monospecific genus of deepwater maine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Alepocephalidae, the slickheads. The only species in the genus is Mirognathus normani, the beaked slickhead or Norman's smooth-head, which is found in the north-east and western Atlantic Ocean, the western Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. This species grows to a standard length of  20 centimetres (7.9 in).

Alepocephalidae
Slickheads, also known as nakedheads or smoothheads, are deep water fishes that belong to the family Alepocephalidae. They are most commonly found in the bathypelagic layer, which is approximately 3000m below the surface. They get their name from the lack of scales on their heads. Similarly, the scientific name is from the Greek ᾰ̓- (a-, "not"); λέπος (lepos, "scale"); and κεφαλή (kephalē, "head"). It has about 22 genera with ca. 96 species.

The only known fossil genus is Carpathichthys from the Early Oligocene of Poland, although an undescribed species of Bathyprion and several indeterminate taxa are also known from the same formation. Fossil otoliths are also known, dating to the Early Eocene.