hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Patton (Virginia colonist)
James Lynn Patton, (1690 or 1692 – 30 July 1755) was a merchant, pioneer frontiersman, and soldier who settled parts of Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. Between his immigration to Virginia in 1740, and his death there in 1755, he was a prominent figure in the exploration, settlement, governance, and military leadership of the colony. Patton held such Augusta County offices as Justice of the Peace, Colonel of Militia and Chief Commander of the Augusta County Militia, County Lieutenant, President of the Augusta Court, commissioner of the Tinkling Spring congregation, county coroner, county escheator, collector of duties on furs and skins, and County Sheriff. He also was President of the Augusta Parish Vestry and a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses. He was present at three important treaty conferences with Iroquois and Cherokee leaders. Patton was killed by Shawnee warriors in July 1755.

Samuel Stalnaker
Samuel Stalnaker (1682 or 1715 – 1769) was an explorer, trapper, guide and one of the first settlers on the Virginia frontier. He established a trading post, hotel and tavern in 1752 near what is now Chilhowie, Virginia.  He was held captive by Shawnee Indians at Lower Shawneetown in Kentucky for almost a year, before escaping and traveling over 460 miles to Williamsburg, Virginia, to report on French preparations to attack English settlements in Virginia and Pennsylvania. He later served as a guide under George Washington during the French and Indian War.
Éléonore-Justine Ruflin
Princess Éléonore-Justine Bonaparte (née Éléonore-Justine Ruflin; 1 July 1832 – 13 October 1905) was the wife of Prince Pierre-Napoléon Bonaparte, a nephew of Napoleon I. Under the pseudonym Nina Bonaparte she published a memoir titled History of My Life. As she was from a peasant background, her morganatic marriage to Prince Pierre-Napoléon, although recognized by the Catholic Church, was not accepted by Pierre's cousin Napoleon III and the House of Bonaparte and did not receive civil legitimacy until the fall of the Second French Empire.

Marie-Félix Blanc
Princess Marie-Félix Bonaparte (née Marie-Félix Blanc; 22 December 1859 – 1 August 1882) was a French heiress. Born into a wealthy French bourgeoisie family with financial holdings in Monaco and Germany, she was left with a large inheritance after her father's death. Despite her mother's objections, in 1880, she married Prince Roland Bonaparte, a member of a morganatic branch of the House of Bonaparte. She died from an embolism a month after giving birth to her only child, Princess Marie Bonaparte.
Alessandro Ruspoli, 7th Prince of Cerveteri
Alessandro, Principe Ruspoli (January 14, 1869 – September 28, 1952), Grand Master of the Sacred Apostolic Hospice,  was the 7th Principe di Cerveteri, 7th Marchese di Riano, 12th Conte di Vignanello and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, son of Francesco Maria Ruspoli, 6th Prince of Cerveteri and wife Egle dei Conti Franchesi.

Francesco Maria Ruspoli, 6th Prince of Cerveteri
Francesco Maria, Principe Ruspoli (November 30, 1839 – January 23, 1907) was the 6th Principe di Cerveteri, 6th Marchese di Riano, 11th Conte di Vignanello and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, son of Giovanni Nepomucene Ruspoli, 5th Prince of Cerveteri and wife Barbara dei Principi Massimo.
Japan Studio
Japan Studio was a Japanese video game developer of Sony Interactive Entertainment based in Tokyo. It was best known for the Ape Escape, LocoRoco, Patapon, Gravity Rush, and Knack series, Ico, Shadow of the Colossus and Astro's Playroom. In April 2021, Japan Studio was reorganized and merged with Team Asobi and other SIE studios.

Ape Escape
Ape Escape is a series of video games developed primarily by Japan Studio and published and owned by Sony Interactive Entertainment. The series incorporates ape-related humour, unique gameplay, and a wide variety of pop culture references. The first game in the series is the first to require the DualShock or Dual Analog controller to play.
Mimagoniates lateralis
Mimagoniates lateralis is a species of tetra in the genus Mimagoniates.  Its common names include

croaking tetra (a name also applied to M. inequalis and  M. microlepis). The croaking tetra (Mimagoniates lateralis) typically reaches a size of 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) in length, but the maximum length is 3.3 cm (1.3 in) for males and unsexed individuals. Aquarium specimens can sometimes grow slightly larger, reaching up to 5 cm (2.0 in).

Mimagoniates inequalis
Mimagoniates inequalis, known as the croaking tetra (a common name also applied to M. lateralis and  M. microlepis), is a species of tetra in the genus Mimagoniates. It was previously classified as Glandulocauda inequalis. Croaking tetras, specifically M. microlepis, typically reach sizes of 5–6 cm (2.0–2.4 in) in length, though captive individuals can grow larger, up to 9 cm (3.5 in). Another species, M. inequalis, is smaller, with males and unsexed fish reaching a maximum length of 3.3 cm (1.3 in) SL.
Imperial Japanese Army
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945. It played a central role in Japan's rapid modernization during the Meiji period, fought in numerous conflicts including the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, the Second Sino-Japanese War, and World War II, and became a dominant force in Japanese politics. Initially formed from domain armies after the Meiji Restoration, it evolved into a powerful modern military influenced by French and German models. The IJA was responsible for several overseas military campaigns, including the invasion of Manchuria, involvement in the Boxer Rebellion, and fighting across the Asia-Pacific during the Pacific War. Notorious for committing widespread war crimes, the army was dissolved after Japan's surrender in 1945, and its functions were succeeded by the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.

Imperial Guard (Japan)
The Imperial Guard of Japan has been two separate organizations dedicated to the protection of the Emperor of Japan and the Imperial Family, palaces and other imperial properties. The first was the Imperial guard divisions (Konoe Shidan), a quasi-independent elite branch of the Imperial Japanese Army, which was dissolved shortly after World War II. The current organization is the Imperial Guard Headquarters (Kouguu-Keisatsu Hombu; lit. Imperial Palace Police Headquarters), a civilian law enforcement organization that is part of the National Police Agency.
Steel Panthers (video game)
Steel Panthers is a 1995 computer wargame developed and published by Strategic Simulations. Designed by Gary Grigsby and Keith Brors, it simulates ground warfare during World War II, across the Western Front, Eastern Front and Pacific Theatre.

Steel Panthers was critically acclaimed and became a commercial hit, with sales above 130,000 units. Magazines such as Computer Gaming World and PC Gamer UK named it one of the greatest games of all time. It began the successful Steel Panthers series, and was followed by Steel Panthers II: Modern Battles and Steel Panthers III. In 2000, Matrix Games published an updated re-release of Steel Panthers entitled Steel Panthers: World at War.

Gary Grigsby
Gary Grigsby is a designer and programmer of computer wargames. In 1997, he was described as "one of the founding fathers of strategy war games for the PC." Computer Games Magazine later dubbed him "as much of an institution in his niche of computer gaming as Sid Meier, Will Wright, or John Carmack are in theirs."
Mari Lyn Salvador
Mari Lyn Salvador (16 June 1943 – 23 October 2017) was an American anthropologist, known for her work on Panamanian molas, worn by Kuna women. She became the director of the San Diego Museum of Man and the Hearst Museum of Anthropology. Salvador's career focused on analysis of ethnoaesthetics, or the appreciation of art in its own cultural context, from a variety of peoples.

Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology
The Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology (formerly the Robert H. Lowie Museum of Anthropology) is an anthropology museum located in Berkeley, California, on the University of California, Berkeley, campus.
Annette Funicello
Annette Joanne Funicello (Italian pronunciation: [funiˈtʃɛllo]) (October 22, 1942 – April 8, 2013) was an American actress and singer. She began her professional career at age 12, becoming one of the most popular Mouseketeers on the original Mickey Mouse Club. In her teenage years, Funicello had a successful career as a pop singer recording under the name "Annette". Her most notable singles are "O Dio Mio", "First Name Initial", "Tall Paul", and "Pineapple Princess". During the mid-1960s, she established herself as a film actress, popularizing the successful "Beach Party" genre alongside co-star Frankie Avalon.

In 1992, Funicello announced that she had been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. She died of complications from the disease on April 8, 2013.

O Dio Mio
"O Dio Mio" is a song performed by American singer Annette Funicello. Written and composed by Al Hoffman and Dick Manning, it was released in January 1960 and included on Funicello's album The Story of My Teens.
František Vláčil
František Vláčil (19 February 1924 – 27 January 1999) was a Czech film director, painter, and graphic artist.

From 1945 to 1950, he studied aesthetics and art history at Masaryk University in Brno. Later, he worked in various groups and ateliers (e.g. on animated films), but his main focus became played film. His films are well known for high art quality. Vláčil was awarded many film prizes like the Prize of the International Film Festival 1998 in Karlovy Vary or the Czech Lion Prize for his longstanding contribution to world film culture. In 1998 Vláčil was voted the greatest Czech director of all time by a poll of Czech film critics. His film Marketa Lazarová is considered by some critics to be the best Czech film ever made.

Marketa Lazarová
Marketa Lazarová is a 1967 Czechoslovak New Wave epic period drama film directed by František Vláčil. It is an adaptation of the novel Marketa Lazarová (1931) by Vladislav Vančura. Set in the middle of 13th century when Christianity was taking over native Paganism in Central Europe, the film tells the story of a daughter of a feudal lord who is kidnapped by neighbouring robber knights shortly before she is to join a convent.

Marketa Lazarová was voted the all-time best Czech movie in a 1998 poll of Czech film critics and publicists. Although not quite as known as other Czechoslovakian movies, it is highly regarded as one of the best historical movies ever made. The movie features surrealistic images throughout its run to increase the disorienting atmosphere.

Theodor Pištěk designed the costumes for the film.
Yulin Xisha Airport
Yulin Xisha Airport is a former airport in Yulin, Shaanxi China. The official Yulin airport codes were changed to the new Yulin Yuyang Airport when the latter was opened in March 2008.

Yulin Xisha Airport was the first airport in Yulin, officially opened in 1988, but the planned expansion of the airport was cancelled when it failed to meet the requirements for new developments. Instead, the construction of a new airport was ordered and Yulin Xisha Airport has been demolished.

The airport has one runway (15/33) that is approximately 1,500 metres long.

Yulin Yuyang Airport
Yulin Yuyang Airport (IATA: UYN, ICAO: ZLYL) is an airport serving the city of Yulin in Shaanxi Province, China. The airport opened in March 2008, replacing the old Yulin Xisha Airport.  The airport is located 15.5 km (9.6 mi) from the urban area of Yulin. Its construction started in 2005 and it was classified as a 4C grade civil regional airport.
St Helens Island
The St Helens Island, part of the Waterhouse Island Group, is a 51-hectare (130-acre) granite island situated in the Tasman Sea, lying close to the north-eastern coast of Tasmania, Australia.

Other islands in the Waterhouse Group include Ninth, Tenth, Waterhouse, Little Waterhouse, Maclean, Baynes, Foster, Swan, Little Swan, Cygnet and Paddys islands and Bird Rock and George Rocks islets.

Bird Rock (Tasmania)
The Bird Rock, part of the Waterhouse Island Group, is an uninhabited 1-hectare (2.5-acre) granite islet situated in Banks Strait, part of Bass Strait, lying close to the north-eastern coast of Tasmania, Australia.

Other islands in the Waterhouse Group include Ninth, Tenth, Waterhouse, Little Waterhouse, Maclean, Baynes, Cygnet, Swan, Foster, Little Swan, St Helens and Paddys islands and George Rocks islet.
Rob Fidler
Robert John Fidler (born  (1974-09-21) 21 September 1974 in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire) is a former rugby union footballer, lock forward who played for Bath and Gloucester.  He also played two international matches for England against New Zealand and South Africa on the 1998 "tour of hell". He is the son of former England international John Fidler.

Whilst at Gloucester he started in the 2002 Zurich Championship Final (the year before winning the play-offs constituted winning the English title) in which Gloucester defeated Bristol Rugby, and the 2003 Powergen Cup Final in which Gloucester defeated Northampton Saints.

John Fidler (rugby union)
John Howard Fidler (born 16 September 1948) is an English former rugby union international who represented England in four Test matches. His son Rob Fidler also represented England.

A Cheltenham Colts product, Fidler was a regular fixture in the second row for Gloucester and won five county championships with Gloucestershire. He was a policeman by profession.

Fidler's England caps didn't come until he was in his 30s, making his debut in the 1981 tour of Argentina. He also played Tests for England in the 1984 tour of South Africa, after which he announced his retirement.
Mac OS Central European encoding
Mac OS Central European is a character encoding used on Apple Macintosh computers to represent texts in Central European and Southeastern European languages that use the Latin script. This encoding is also known as Code Page 10029. IBM assigns code page/CCSID 1282 to this encoding. This codepage contains diacritical letters that ISO 8859-2 does not have, and vice versa (This encoding supports Estonian, Lithuanian and Latvian while ISO 8859-2 supports Albanian, Croatian and Romanian).

Although a few of the characters which are in Mac OS Central European but not Mac OS Roman are also supported by Mac OS Croatian, these are not encoded at the same positions.

Mac OS Croatian encoding
Mac OS Croatian is a character encoding used on Apple Macintosh computers to represent Gaj's Latin alphabet. It is a derivative of Mac OS Roman. The three digraphs, ǅ, ǈ, and ǋ, are not encoded.

IBM uses code page 1284 (CCSID 1284) for Mac OS Croatian, while Microsoft uses code page 10082.

The Croatian letters are added at the same positions as in ISO 8859-2. Despite having several added letters in common with Mac OS Central European, these are not encoded in the same positions.
Hugh Padgham
Hugh Charles Padgham (/ˌpædʒɛm/; born 15 February 1955) is an English record producer and audio engineer. He has won four Grammy Awards, for Producer of the Year and Album of the Year for 1985, Record of the Year for 1990, and Engineer of the Year for 1993. Padgham's co-productions include hits by Phil Collins, XTC, Genesis, the Human League, Sting, and the Police. He pioneered (with Peter Gabriel and producer Steve Lillywhite) the "gated reverb" drum sound used most famously in Collins' song "In the Air Tonight".

Gated reverb
Gated reverb or gated ambience is an audio processing technique that combines strong reverb and a noise gate that cuts the tail of the reverb. The effect is typically applied to recordings of drums (or live sound reinforcement of drums in a PA system) to make the hits sound powerful and "punchy" while keeping the overall mix sound clean and transparent.

As one of the more prominent effects in many British pop and rock songs of the 1980s, it was brought to mainstream attention in 1979 by producer Steve Lillywhite and engineer Hugh Padgham while working on Peter Gabriel's self-titled third solo album, after Phil Collins played drums without using cymbals at London's Townhouse Studios. The effect is most quintessentially demonstrated in Collins' hit song "In the Air Tonight".

Unlike many reverberation or delay effects, the gated reverb effect does not try to emulate any kind of reverb that occurs in nature. In addition to drums, the effect has occasionally been applied to vocals.
Serpentine North
Serpentine North or Serpentine North Gallery is a listed building in Hyde Park, London, which, with the South Gallery, constitutes the Serpentine Galleries, an art exposition space. It was originally known as The Magazine, and also, from 2013 to 2021, as the Serpentine Sackler Gallery. Since 2013, the name The Magazine specifically refers to an extension of the building, a restaurant designed by architect Zaha Hadid.

Serpentine Galleries
The Serpentine Galleries are two contemporary art galleries in Kensington Gardens, Westminster, Greater London. Recently rebranded to just Serpentine, the organisation is split across Serpentine South (previously known as the Serpentine Gallery) and Serpentine North (previously known as the Sackler Gallery).

The gallery spaces are within five minutes' walk of each other, linked by the bridge over the Serpentine Lake from which the galleries get their names. Their exhibitions, architecture, education and public programmes attract up to 1.2 million visitors a year. Admission to both galleries is free. The CEO is Bettina Korek, and the artistic director Hans Ulrich Obrist.
Joseph Tramontana
Joseph "Joey" Tramontana (born 15 February 1997) is an Italy international rugby league footballer who plays as a hooker for the Blacktown Workers Sea Eagles for the Intrust Super Premiership.

He represented Italy at the 2017 World Cup.

2017 Rugby League World Cup
The 2017 Rugby League World Cup was the fifteenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup tournament and took place in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea between 27 October and 2 December 2017. The tournament featured the national teams of 14 Rugby League International Federation member countries who qualified through either standing in the previous tournament or a series of qualification play-off matches. In the final, defending champions Australia, playing in their 14th consecutive World Cup final, faced England at Brisbane's Lang Park, the home side keeping the British scoreless with the Kangaroos winning 6 - 0.
Japanese Sign Language
Japanese Sign Language (日本手話, nihon-shuwa), also known by the acronym JSL, is the dominant sign language in Japan and is a complete natural language, distinct from but influenced by the spoken Japanese language.

Koniya Sign Language
Koniya Sign (Japanese: 古仁屋手話, romanized: Koniya Shuwa), or Amami Ōshima Sign (AOSL; 奄美大島手話, Amamiōshima Shuwa) is a village sign language, or group of languages, on Amami Ōshima, the largest island in the Amami Islands of Japan. In the region of Koniya on the island, there exist a high incidence of congenital deafness, which is dominant and tends to run in a few families; moreover, the difficulty of the terrain has kept these families largely separated, so that there is extreme lexical geographical diversity across the island, and AOSL is therefore perhaps not a single language.
Don Harper
Don Harper (18 March 1921 – 30 May 1999) was an Australian jazz violinist and composer. During his long and diverse career, both in his native Australia and in the UK, he was a regular on radio and TV music shows, and recorded many albums as a solo performer or as leader of a group. He also composed themes for TV shows including World of Sport and Champion House, as well as incidental music for the 1968 Doctor Who story The Invasion.

World of Sport (British TV programme)
World of Sport is a British television sport programme which ran on ITV between 2 January 1965 and 28 September 1985 in competition with the BBC's Grandstand. Like Grandstand, the programme ran throughout Saturday afternoon.

From the programme's launch until the lifting of restrictions on broadcasting hours in 1972, sports coverage was one of the few programming areas which was exempt from the restrictions. Originally sporting coverage and outside broadcasts were provided with a separate quota of broadcasting hours per year. By the start of World of Sport this amounted to 350 hours per year. This meant World of Sport was a key part of ITV's Saturday schedules, as the time the programme was on the air did not count to the overall 50 hours a week restriction on normal broadcasting hours.
Makedonsko delo
Makedonsko delo (Bulgarian/Macedonian: Македонско дело, lit.:"Macedonian cause") was a  newspaper connected to the IMRO (United) and came out on the 10th and 25th of each month in Bulgarian language. It was printed in Berlin, Vienna, and Paris. The newspaper started on September 10, 1925, and had notable people in the editorial committee like Dimitar Vlahov, Vladimir Poptomov, and Pavel Shatev. In total, 179 issues were published, with the last one on May 25, 1935.

Vladimir Poptomov
Vladimir Tomov Poptomov (Bulgarian: Владимир Томов Поптомов; February 8, 1890, – May 1, 1952) was a Bulgarian politician and diplomat, prominent member of the Bulgarian Communist Party and statesman of the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
Jack Ryan (TV series)
Tom Clancy's Jack Ryan (also known simply as Jack Ryan) is an American political action thriller television series based on characters from the fictional Ryanverse created by author Tom Clancy. Featuring modern-day interpretations of the original characters, it stars John Krasinski as CIA analyst Jack Ryan. The series was created by Carlton Cuse and Graham Roland. Cuse, Roland, and Krasinski serve as executive producers, alongside Michael Bay, Morten Tyldum, and Brad Fuller, among others.

The series premiered on August 31, 2018, on Amazon Prime Video. Ahead of the third season, Amazon renewed the series for a fourth season and in May 2022, it was confirmed the series would end after its fourth season, which premiered on June 29, 2023, and concluded on July 14. A spin-off starring Michael Peña as Ding Chavez and a sequel film are in development. The film was announced to be in production on February 19, 2025.

Michael Peña
Michael Peña (/ˈpeɪnjə/; Spanish: [ˈpeɲa]; born January 13, 1976) is an American actor. He has starred in many films, including Crash (2004), World Trade Center (2006), Shooter (2007), Observe and Report (2009), Tower Heist (2011), Battle: Los Angeles (2011), End of Watch (2012), and Gangster Squad (2013). He has also acted in films such as American Hustle (2013), The Martian (2015), Ant-Man (2015) and its sequel Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018), and Extinction (2018). Peña had the title role in Cesar Chavez (2014), played DEA agent Kiki Camarena in season one of the Netflix series Narcos: Mexico (2018), and CIA agent Domingo Chavez in season 4 of the Prime Video series Jack Ryan (2023).

He was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male for his performance in End of Watch.
Awan Patti
Awan Patti Urdu: اعوان پٹی (Patti Awanan) is a valley in Muzaffarabad district, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Muzaffarabad city, on the right bank of the Jhelum River and opposite of Garhi Dupatta.

Muzaffarabad
Muzaffarabad is a city in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the largest city and the capital of Azad Kashmir, which is a Pakistani-administered administrative territory.

The city is located in Muzaffarabad District, near the confluence of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers. The district is bounded by the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the west, the Kupwara and Baramulla districts of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the east, and the Neelum District in the north.