hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koshihikari
Koshihikari (Japanese: コシヒカリ, 越光, Hepburn: Koshihikari) is a popular cultivar of Japonica rice cultivated in Japan as well as Australia and the United States.

Koshihikari was first created in 1956 by combining 2 different strains of Nourin No.1 and Nourin No.22 at the Fukui Prefectural Agricultural Research Facility. It is one of the most highly grown varieties of rice in Japan and is exported to other countries as a premium product.

As of 2008, Koshihikari BL accounted for 97% of Koshihikari production in Niigata Prefecture, the largest rice-growing region in Japan.

Koshihikari has also been cultivated in bayous of Arkansas by Isbell Farms. It is one of the earliest locations outside Japan for the rice to be cultivated.

Japonica rice
Japonica rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica), sometimes called sinica rice, is one of the two major domestic types of Asian rice varieties. Japonica rice is extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia and Italy, whereas in most other regions indica rice is the dominant type of rice. Japonica rice originated from Central China, where it was first domesticated along the Yangtze River basin approximately 9,500 to 6,000 years ago.
Prendeur
A prendeur, a French term, is a labourer working as part of an early Middle Age sharecropping system known as complant, a precursor to the métayage system. Under this system, the prendeur would cultivate land owned by a bailleur. In exchange for using the bailleur's soil, the prendeur promised a share of the crop or its revenue. The length of this partnership varied and sometimes would extend over generations.

Metayage
The metayage system is the cultivation of land for a proprietor by one who receives a proportion of the produce, as a kind of sharecropping. Another class of land tenancy in France is named fermage, whereby the rent is paid annually in banknotes. A farm operating under métayage was known as a métairie, the origin of some place names in areas where the system was used, such as Metairie, Louisiana.
John Bruce Norton
John Bruce Norton (8 July 1815 – 13 July 1883) was a British barrister and educationist who served as the Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency. He was the father of the barrister and Indian independence activist Eardley Norton.

Eardley Norton
Eardley John Norton (19 February 1852 – 13 July 1931) was a Madras barrister, coroner and politician of British origin. He was also one of the earliest members of the Indian National Congress and a champion of civil liberties and rights of the Indian people.
Île-à-Vache
Île-à-Vache, (French, pronounced [il a vaʃ], also expressed Île-à-Vaches, former Spanish name Isla Vaca; both translate to Cow Island; Haitian Creole: Lilavach) is a Caribbean island, one of Haiti's satellite islands. It lies in the Baie de Cayes about 6.5 miles (10.5 km) off the coast of the country's southwest peninsula, roughly between the town of Les Cayes and Pointe l'Abacou. It was formerly known by the name of Abacca. Administratively, it became a commune in 1976 as part of the Les Cayes Arrondissement in the Sud department.

Île-à-Vache was claimed by the Spanish Empire in 1492 as part of Hispaniola, and for the next two centuries it was known by the name Isla Vaca. In 1697 the island of Hispaniola was formally divided between Spain and France in the Treaty of Ryswick which ended the Nine Years War. France assumed control of the western half of Hispaniola and named it Saint-Domingue, and Isla Vaca took on its current name, Île-à-Vache.

Les Cayes Arrondissement
Les Cayes, often referred to as Aux Cayes (Haitian Creole: Okay) is an arrondissement in the Sud department of Haiti. As of 2015, the population was 346,276 inhabitants.
Postal codes in the Les Cayes Arrondissement start with the number 81.

The arrondissement consists of the following municipalities:

Les Cayes

Camp-Perrin

Chantal

Île-à-Vache (island)

Maniche

Torbeck
Nalacetus
Nalacetus is an extinct pakicetid early whale, fossils of which have been found in Lutetian red beds in Punjab, Pakistan (33°36′N 72°12′E﻿ / ﻿33.6°N 72.2°E﻿ / 33.6; 72.2, paleocoordinates 14°18′N 68°18′E﻿ / ﻿14.3°N 68.3°E﻿ / 14.3; 68.3). Nalacetus lived in a fresh water environment, was amphibious, and carnivorous. It was considered monophyletic by Cooper, Thewissen & Hussain 2009.
It was said to be wolf-sized and one of the earliest forms of the order Cetacea.

Nalacetus is known mostly from dental remains from the Lutetian of the Kala Chitta Hill, Punjab, Pakistan:

H-GSP 96055, right palatal fragment with P4 and M1−2.

H-GSP 30306, right maxillary fragment with P2 and partial P3−4; a fragmentary mandible with fragmented teeth together with some isolated lower teeth.

In the cheek teeth of Pakicetus, the protocone lobe increases from the first molar to the third. In Nalacetus, in contrast, the protocone lobe is larger in the first molar than in the second.

Pakicetidae
Pakicetidae ("Pakistani whales") is an extinct family of early whales that lived during the Early Eocene in northern South Asia. Unlike modern cetaceans, they had well-developed limbs and were capable of walking. The species included were fox to wolf-sized.
Raymond II of Turenne
Raymond II (c. 1143 – 1190 at Acre) was the 9th Viscount of Turenne from the House of Comborn. He was a son of Viscount Boson II and Eustorgie d'Anduze, and grandson of Raymond I of Turenne.

Raymond was born posthumously four months after his father's death. Together with his cousin Aimar V of Limoges, he took part in several revolts against Duke Richard I. He joined the Third Crusade, in which he died during the Siege of Acre in 1190.

Raymond was married to Helie, a daughter of Bernard of Castelnau. She later became a nun at Obazine Abbey. Their children were:

Raymond III (died 1219), Viscount of Turenne

Boso

Contors, married Elijah of Comborn

Marie, married Viscount Eble V of Ventadorn (died around 1236)

Helie, married Bernard of Casnac

The troubadour Bertran de Born sang about his three daughters.

Raymond III of Turenne
Raymond III (c. 1165 – 1219) was the 10th Viscount of Turenne of the House of Comborn. He was a son of Viscount Raymond II and Helie of Castelnau.

Raymond participated in the first military engagement of the Albigensian Crusade. Together with Count Guy II of Auvergne, the Archbishop of Bordeaux and the Bishops of Limoges, Cahors and Agen, he led a Crusader army into the Quercy region in May 1209. After taking three smaller towns, their advance stopped in front of the castle of Casseneuil. However, they terminated the coalition after forty days and withdrew to their lands.

Raymond died due to a head injury. He was married to Helie, the heiress of Guy of Severac. Their children were:

Boson III (died 1209), co-regent in Turenne

Raymond IV (died c. 1243), Viscount of Turenne

Raymond, lord of Servières and Malemort; father of Raymond V
Sohrab Gilani
Sohrab Gilani (Persian: سحراب گیلانی) (born in 1960 in Shushtar, Khuzestan province) is a former principlist representative of Shushtar and Gotvand in the Islamic Consultative Assembly (the Parliament of Iran) who was elected at the 11th Majles elections on 21 February 2020 and captured approximately 32,000 votes.

Gilani who is a Twelver Shia Muslim, is considered as one of the 18 representatives of Khuzestan provinces at the 11th "Islamic Consultative Assembly" (11th parliament).

Sohrab-Gilani's electoral rivals (in the 11th parliament elections) were: Seyyed Mohammad Sadat Ebrahimi 29910 votes, Ali Bani Agbeh 23280 votes, Abbas Nouri 10909 votes, Ismail Taghipour 635 votes and Nader Mohammad Shoushtari 317 votes.

Shushtar
Shushtar (Persian: شوشتر) is a city in the Central District of Shushtar County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Shushtar is an ancient fortress city, approximately 92 kilometres (57 mi) from Ahvaz, the centre of the province. Much of its past agricultural productivity derives from the irrigation system which centered on the Band-e Kaisar, the first dam bridge in Iran. The whole water system in Shushtar consists of 13 sites called Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System which is registered as a Unesco World Heritage Site.
Arado Ar 80
The Arado Ar 80 was a pre-World War II fighter aircraft, designed by Arado Flugzeugwerke to compete for the Luftwaffe's first major fighter contract. The Ar 80 was uninspiring in terms of performance and also suffered a number of failures. The contest was eventually won by the Messerschmitt Bf 109, and the Ar 80 prototypes ended their days as test aircraft.

Arado Flugzeugwerke
Arado Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturer, originally established as the Warnemünde factory of the Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen firm, which produced land-based military aircraft and seaplanes during the First and Second World Wars.
Graver Arboretum
The Lee and Virginia Graver Arboretum is a 63 acres (25 ha) arboretum owned by Muhlenberg College and located at 1581 Bushkill Center Road in Bath, Pennsylvania. The arboretum is open daily without charge.

Muhlenberg College
Muhlenberg College is a private liberal arts college in Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1848, Muhlenberg College is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and is named for Henry Muhlenberg, the German patriarch of Lutheranism in the United States.
III Anti-Aircraft Corps (United Kingdom)
III Anti-Aircraft Corps was a high-level formation of Britain's Anti-Aircraft Command from 1940 to 1942. It defended Scotland, Northern Ireland and North East England during the Blitz and the middle years of the Second World War.

Anti-Aircraft Command
Anti-Aircraft Command (AA Command, or "Ack-Ack Command") was a British Army command of the Second World War that controlled the Territorial Army anti-aircraft artillery and searchlight formations and units defending the United Kingdom.
Grace Hudson
Grace Carpenter Hudson (1865–1937) was an American painter based in Northern California. She was nationally known during her lifetime for a numbered series of more than 684 portraits of local Pomo communities. She painted the first, National Thorn, after her marriage in 1891. Her last work was completed in 1935.

Ukiah, California
Ukiah (/juːˈkaɪə/ yoo-KY-ə; Pomo: Yokáya, meaning "deep valley" or "south valley") is the county seat of and the largest city in Mendocino County, in the North Coast region of California. Ukiah had a population of 16,607 at the 2020 census. With its accessible location along the U.S. Route 101 corridor, Ukiah serves as the city center for Mendocino County and much of neighboring Lake County.
Weeki Wachee Springs
Weeki Wachee Springs (Officially: Weeki Wachee Springs State Park) is a natural tourist attraction located in Weeki Wachee, Florida, where underwater performances by "mermaids", women wearing fish tails as well as other fanciful outfits, can be viewed in an aquarium-like setting in the spring of the Weeki Wachee River. A waterpark, Buccaneer Bay, river boat rides, kayak and paddleboard rental are some of the other activities offered at Weeki Wachee Springs.

Weeki Wachee River
The Weeki Wachee River is a river in Hernando County, Florida, United States. It flows 12 miles (19 km) westwards from Weeki Wachee to the Gulf of Mexico at the Weeki Wachee estuary. The name is derived from the Seminole: uekiwv /oykéywa, wi:-/ "spring" and -uce /-oci/ "small", signifying either a small spring or an offshoot of a town named Spring. The river is best known for its spring, and the Weeki Wachee Springs attraction built on the premises. The spring is the surfacing point of an underground river, which is the deepest naturally occurring spring in the United States. It measures about 150 feet (46 m) wide and 250 feet (76 m) long, and daily water averages 150 million gallons (644 million liters). The water temperature is a steady 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) year-round.
Western Gneiss region
The Western Gneiss region (Norwegian: Gneisregionen) is a large geological unit in Norway chiefly made of gneiss rock that formed through metamorphism during the Caledonian orogeny. It makes up a tectono-stratigraphic terrane of the Scandinavian Caledonides and is also part of the Baltic shield. The region extends across western Norway from Bergen to Trondheim as a Caledonian window, outliers of the Western Gneiss region crop out as far north as the Lofoten archipelago. The rocks of the Western Gneiss region are made up of variously deformed Precambrian basement, and cover rocks of autochthonous and para-autochthonous origin with evidence of medium to high grade metamorphism including ultra-high-pressure metamorphism.

Rocks of the Western Gneiss region formed 1.7 to 1.6 Billion years ago in the Late Paleoproterozoic. What was to become the Western Gneiss region was intruded by migmatites and granites during the Sveconorwegian orogeny.

Sveconorwegian orogeny
The Sveconorwegian orogeny was an orogenic system active 1140 to 960 million years ago and currently exposed as the Sveconorwegian orogenic belt in southwestern Sweden and southern Norway. In Norway the orogenic belt is exposed southeast of the front of the Caledonian nappe system and in nappe windows. The Sveconorwegian orogen is commonly grouped within the Grenvillian Mesoproterozoic orogens. Contrary to many other known orogenic belts the Sveconorwegian orogens eastern border does not have any known suture zone with ophiolites.
Noa-Lynn van Leuven
Noa-Lynn van Leuven (born 27 September 1996) is a Dutch darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. She was the first openly transgender person to compete in a televised darts tournament and the first to play at the PDC World Darts Championship, making her debut at the 2025 event. Van Leuven has won six titles on the PDC Women's Series, as well as a title on the 2024 PDC Challenge Tour. She formerly competed in World Darts Federation (WDF) events, where she was a two-time Dutch Open semi-finalist.

2025 PDC Women's Series
The 2025 PDC Women's Series was the sixth edition of the PDC Women's Series, a darts tour for women organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). It consisted of 24 tournaments played over six weekends of four events each, and was open to all female darts players over the age of 16. The series was won by defending champion Beau Greaves, who won 18 of the 24 events, setting a record for the most events won in a season.
Garrysallagh, County Westmeath
Garrysallagh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 7.66 kilometres (5 mi) north of Mullingar.

Garrysallagh is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Stonehall in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. 
The townland covers 238 acres (0.96 km2). The south–western boundary of the townland is formed by the River Gaine, a tributary of the River Inny.

The neighbouring townlands are: Galmoylestown Lower to the north, Galmoylestown Upper to the east, Ballynagall and Kilmaglish to the south and Down and Loughanstown to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were only 5 houses and 17 inhabitants in the townland.

Kilmaglish
Kilmaglish is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 6.91 kilometres (4 mi) north of Mullingar.

Kilmaglish is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 517.59 acres (2.0946 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Galmoylestown Upper to the north, Parsonstown to the north–east, Garraree to the east, Knockdrin to the south–east, Ballynagall to the south, Knockdrin Demesne to the south and Garrysallagh to the north–east.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 4 houses and 17 inhabitants in the townland.
Sailfin sculpin
The sailfin sculpin (Nautichthys oculofasciatus, lit. "eye-banded sailor fish") is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Hemitripterinae of the family Agonidae. This sculpin is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska to San Miguel Island off southern California. Named for its elongated, sail-like first dorsal fin, the sailfin sculpin is a popular subject of public aquaria; it is of no interest to commercial fishery.

Hemitripterinae
The Hemitripterinae is a subfamily of the scorpaeniform family Agonidae, known as sea ravens or sailfin sculpins. They are bottom-dwelling fish that feed on small invertebrates, found in the northwest Atlantic and north Pacific Oceans. They are covered in small spines (modified scales).
Tachi Yokuts
Tachi is an endangered dialect of Southern Valley Yokuts historically spoken north of Tulare Lake in the Central Valley of California. A. L. Kroeber estimated that Tachi was, at one point, one of the most widely spoken Yokutsan dialects.

As of 2019, a few individuals of the Santa Rosa Rancheria are reportedly able to speak Tachi.

Yokuts language
Yokuts (/ˈjoʊkəts/), formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, all constituent dialects apart from Valley Yokuts are now extinct.

The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much linguistic research.
Memphis blues
The Memphis blues is a style of blues music created from the 1910s to the 1930s by musicians in the Memphis area, such as Frank Stokes, Sleepy John Estes, Furry Lewis and Memphis Minnie. The style was popular in vaudeville and medicine shows and was associated with Beale Street, the main entertainment area in Memphis.

W. C. Handy, the "Father of the Blues", published the song "The Memphis Blues" in 1909 and this was the first blues to be written down. In lyrics, the phrase has been used to describe a depressed mood.

Beale Street
Beale Street is a street in Downtown Memphis, Tennessee, which runs from the Mississippi River to East Street, a distance of approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km). It is a significant location in the city's history, as well as in the history of blues music. Today, the blues clubs and restaurants that line Beale Street are major tourist attractions in Memphis. Festivals and outdoor concerts frequently bring large crowds to the street and its surrounding areas.
The Lonely Goatherd
"The Lonely Goatherd" is a popular show tune from the 1959 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The Sound of Music.

The song is well known for its examples of yodeling, a part of the traditional music of the Austrian Alps, where the musical is set. (Maria von Trapp, however, found the yodeling in the motion picture version of The Sound of Music rendition to be lacking in authenticity.)

Marionette
A marionette (/ˌmæriəˈnɛt/ MARR-ee-ə-NET; French: marionnette [maʁjɔnɛt] ⓘ), or string puppet, is a puppet controlled from above using wires or strings depending on regional variations.  A marionette's puppeteer is called a marionettist. Marionettes are operated with the puppeteer hidden or revealed to an audience by using a vertical or horizontal control bar in different forms of theatres or entertainment venues. They have also been used in films and on television. The attachment of the strings varies according to its character or purpose.
HMS Utmost
HMS Utmost was a British U class submarine, of the second group of that class, built by Vickers-Armstrongs, Barrow-in-Furness. She was laid down on 2 November 1939 and was commissioned on 17 August 1940.  So far she has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name Utmost.

British U-class submarine
The British U-class submarines (officially "War Emergency 1940 and 1941 programmes, short hull") were a class of 49 small submarines built just before and during the Second World War. The class is sometimes known as the Undine class, after the first submarine built. A further development was the British V-class submarine of 1942.

At the start of the Second World War the U class was, with the British S and T-class submarines, the Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII one of the most advanced submarine classes in service.
Civil rights movement in Omaha, Nebraska
The civil rights movement in Omaha, Nebraska, has roots that extend back until at least 1912. With a history of racial tension that starts before the founding of the city, Omaha has been the home of numerous overt efforts related to securing civil rights for African Americans since at least the 1870s.

Omaha race riot of 1919
The Omaha Race Riot occurred in Omaha, Nebraska, September 28–29, 1919. The race riot resulted in the lynching of Will Brown, a black civilian; the death of two white rioters; the injuries of many Omaha Police Department officers and civilians, including the attempted hanging of Mayor Edward Parsons Smith; and a public rampage by thousands of white rioters who set fire to the Douglas County Courthouse in downtown Omaha. It followed more than 20 race riots that occurred in major industrial cities and certain rural areas of the United States during the Red Summer of 1919.
Casino Arizona
Casino Arizona is a casino located on the Salt-River Pima Maricopa Indian Reservation in Scottsdale, Arizona. The property is 48 feet (15 meters) high. Casino Arizona is independently owned and operated by the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC).

Casino Arizona covers 20 acres. The facility includes five restaurants, more than 100,000 square feet for gaming and a Showroom that seats 300.

Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community
The Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC) comprises two distinct Native American tribes—the Pima (O'odham language: Onk Akimel O'odham, meaning "Salt River People") and the Maricopa (Maricopa language: Xalychidom Piipaash, meaning "people who live toward the water")—many of whom were originally part of the Halchidhoma (Xalchidom) tribe. The community was permanently created by an Executive Order of US President Rutherford B. Hayes on June 14th, 1879. The community area includes 53,600 acres (217 km2), of which 19,000 remain a natural preserve. As of 2022, the total population is 7,386. The community is a federally recognized tribe located in Arizona.

The community borders the Arizona cities of Scottsdale, Mesa, Tempe, and Fountain Hills.

The Great Seal of the Salt River Pima–Maricopa Indian Community is a representation of I'itoi, commonly referred to as the Man in the Maze.
Sea pottery
Sea pottery (also known as sea china, sea porcelain or beach pottery) is pottery that is broken into worn pieces and shards and found on beaches along oceans or large lakes. Sea pottery has been tumbled and smoothed by the water and sand, creating small pieces of smooth, frosted pottery. It is often collected with more common sea glass by beachcombers.

Sea glass
Sea glass is physically polished and chemically weathered glass found on beaches along bodies of salt water. It consists of fragments of drinkwares or other human-made vessels, which often have the appearance of tumbled stones. Weathering produces natural frosted glass. Sea glass is used for decoration, most commonly in jewelry. Beach glass is physically polished and chemically weathered glass found on beaches along bodies of fresh water and is often less frosted in appearance than sea glass. Sea glass takes 20–40 years, and sometimes as much as 100–200 years, to acquire its characteristic texture and shape. It is also colloquially referred to as drift glass from the longshore drift process that forms the smooth edges. In practice, the two terms are used interchangeably.
Ladies' National Temperance Convention of 1876
The Ladies' National Temperance Convention of 1876 was a temperance movement women's conference promoted by the National Temperance League. The convening occurred in London, United Kingdom, on 22-24 May 1876, with Lady Jane Harriet Ellice presiding. No permanent organisation was subsequently created.

National Temperance League (Great Britain)
The National Temperance League was a British organisation established in June 1856, through an amalgamation of two others: the National Temperance Society and the London Temperance League. Its Presidents included Samuel Bowly, Edward Long Fox, and Wentworth Leigh.