hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Order of Saint Maurice (United States)
Order of Saint Maurice (OSM) was established in 1996 to recognize the significant contributions made by Infantrymen, Infantry supporters, and spouses. The concept was designed in the pattern of the Cavalry & Armor Association's Order of St. George Medallion and is awarded by the National Infantry Association (NIA) and the Chief of Infantry of the United States Army. It is named after Saint Maurice, the leader of the Roman Theban Legion in the 3rd century.

National Infantry Association
The National Infantry Association (NIA) was established in April 1982 at Fort Benning, Georgia as the Infantry Association, operating as a titular organization for the subscribers of “Infantry” magazine. In 1994, it was incorporated as the National Infantryman’s Association, a 501(c)(19) nonprofit organization. In 1998, the organization began doing business as the National Infantry Association.
Colturano
Colturano (Milanese: Colturan [kultyˈrãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Milan.

Colturano borders the following municipalities: Mediglia, Tribiano, San Giuliano Milanese, Dresano, Vizzolo Predabissi, Melegnano.

Vizzolo Predabissi
Vizzolo Predabissi (Milanese: Vizzoeu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Milan.

Vizzolo Predabissi borders the following municipalities: Colturano, Dresano, Casalmaiocco, Melegnano, Cerro al Lambro, Sordio and San Zenone al Lambro.
East Windsor, Connecticut
East Windsor is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 11,190 at the 2020 census. The town has five villages: Broad Brook, Melrose, Scantic, Warehouse Point and Windsorville.

Hartford County, Connecticut
Hartford County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Connecticut. According to the 2020 census, the population was 899,498, making it the second-most populous county in Connecticut. Hartford County contains the city of Hartford, the state capital of Connecticut and the county's most populous city, with 121,054 residents at the 2020 census. Hartford County is included in the Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown metropolitan statistical area.

On June 6, 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau formally recognized Connecticut's nine councils of governments as county equivalents instead of the state's eight counties. Connecticut's county governments were disbanded in 1960, and the councils of governments took over some of the local governmental functions. Connecticut's eight historical counties continue to exist in name only, and are no longer considered for statistical purposes.
1980 Spanish embassy burning in Guatemala City
The Burning of the Spanish Embassy (sometimes called the Spanish Embassy Massacre or the Spanish Embassy Fire) refers to an event beginning with the occupation of the Spanish Embassy in Guatemala City, Guatemala, on January 31, 1980, by indigenous peasants of the Committee for Peasant Unity and their allies, which was responded to by a subsequent raid by Guatemalan police that resulted in a fire which destroyed the embassy and left 37 people dead. The incident has been called "the defining event" of the Guatemalan Civil War. Spain terminated diplomatic relations with Guatemala as a result.

Fernando Romeo Lucas García
Fernando Romeo Lucas García (4 July 1924 – 27 May 2006) was a military officer and politician who served as the 37th president of Guatemala from July 1, 1978, to March 23, 1982. He was elected as the nominee for the Institutional Democratic Party (with the support of the Revolutionary Party). During Lucas García's regime, tensions between the radical left and the government increased. The military started to murder political opponents while counterinsurgency measures further terrorized populations of poor civilians.
Dunnottar, Manitoba
The Village of Dunnottar is a village in the Canadian province of Manitoba. As part of the Interlake and Metro regions, the municipality is located on the shores of Lake Winnipeg, just off Highway 9, south of Winnipeg Beach.

It encompasses the communities of Ponemah, Whytewold, and Matlock. These centres grew around Canadian Pacific Railway stations. It borders the Rural Municipality of St. Andrews, which surrounds it in three directions. It is on the southwest shore of Lake Winnipeg. It is known for its beaches which are frequented by many summer residents and visitors.

Winnipeg Metropolitan Region
The Winnipeg Metropolitan Region (formerly called the Winnipeg Capital Region and the Manitoba Capital Region) is a metropolitan area in the Canadian province of Manitoba located in the Red River Valley in the southeast portion of the province of Manitoba, Canada. It contains the provincial capital of Winnipeg and 17 surrounding rural municipalities, cities, and towns.

Other places in the region besides Winnipeg with a population over 1,000 are the city of Selkirk; towns of Stonewall and Niverville; and communities of Oakbank, Oak Bluff, Stony Mountain, Teulon, and Lorette. As the most densely-populated and economically-important area of Manitoba, the region accounts for two-thirds of the province's population and 70% of the provincial GDP as of 2021.

It also includes the smaller census metropolitan area (CMA) of Winnipeg, with the addition of the Brokenhead 4 Indian Reserve.
Sussex House School
Sussex House School (commonly known as Sussex House), is a boys’ preparatory school located in Chelsea, London. Founded in 1952, the school occupies a house designed by Norman Shaw at 68 Cadogan Square, and since 1994 has operated as an independent charitable trust. It typically has a roll of between 180 and 190 pupils.

Affiliated to the Church of England, pupils use nearby St Simon Zelotes as the school chapel. Sussex House offers a variety of sports but is known in particular for its success in fencing. The headmaster maintains links with Eton, KCS Wimbledon, St Paul's, Westminster School, and Winchester College; in any given year around 80 per cent of leavers depart for one of these institutions.

Former pupils are known as Old Cadogans and include actor Daniel Radcliffe, author Edward St Aubyn, gerontologist Aubrey de Grey, and filmmaker Matthew Vaughn.

Matthew Vaughn
Sir Matthew Allard de Vere Drummond (born Matthew Allard Robert Vaughn; 7 March 1971), also known as Sir Matthew Vaughn, is an English filmmaker. He has produced films including Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998) and Snatch (2000), and directed Layer Cake (2004), Stardust (2007), Kick-Ass (2010), X-Men: First Class (2011), and Argylle (2024). Vaughn also co-created the Kingsman comic book series and resulting franchise, directing, producing and co-writing the films Kingsman: The Secret Service (2014), Kingsman: The Golden Circle (2017), and The King's Man (2021).
Pavel Nakhimov
Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov (Russian: Павел Степанович Нахимов, pronounced [ˈpavʲɪl sʲtʲɪˈpanəvʲɪtɕ nɐˈxʲiməf]; July 5 [O.S. June 23] 1802 – July 12 [O.S. June 30] 1855) was a Russian admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy known for his victory in the Battle of Sinop and his leadership in the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) during the Crimean War.

He joined the Imperial Russian Navy and moved up the ranks, serving in the Greek War of Independence and the Russo-Turkish War (1828–29). At the beginning of the Crimean War, he delivered a significant victory at the Battle of Sinop against the Ottoman Empire. Afterward, he was a leader in the defense of Sevastopol against British, French, and Ottoman forces, during which a sniper wounded him. He died a few days later.

After his death, he became a hero in Russia, with medals and ships named after him, especially during Soviet times, starting with Stalin. Also, a Soviet Film called Admiral Nakhimov was made in 1947 about his life.

St. Vladimir's Cathedral, Sevastopol
St. Vladimir's Cathedral (Russian: Владимирский собор) is an Orthodox church in Sevastopol which was built in the aftermath of the Crimean War as a memorial to the heroes of the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855).
Songlines Live
Songlines Live is the seventh album and second commercially released live recording and first DVD by American jam band The Derek Trucks Band, released in 2006 (see 2006 in music).  It was recorded at the Park West in Chicago, Illinois.

Yonrico Scott
Yonrico Scott (October 6, 1955 – September 19, 2019) was an American drummer and percussionist. He was a longtime member of the Grammy winning The Derek Trucks Band, became a bandleader of his own ensemble, the Yonrico Scott Band, and later worked with the Royal Southern Brotherhood, with Cyril Neville. Having developed his craft not only from years of session work, roadwork, and study, the Cape Cod Times proclaimed him "a standout in the band... whose strong beats powered songs such as 'I'll Find My Way' off the group's Songlines CD".
Emil Müller (German officer)
Emil Müller was a Captain in the Imperial German Army who was convicted and sentenced at the Leipzig war crimes trials in 1921.

Müller was born in Karlsruhe, German Empire and worked as a barrister before joining the army. He was appointed head of the Flavy de Martel prisoner of war camp where approximately 1000 prisoners were held. Charges leveled against him after the end of the First World War included the failure to maintain a decent condition of the camp which led to 500 deaths as a result of dysentery, failure to prevent the commission of crimes and to punish the perpetrators thereof and, as well as physical violence directed towards prisoners. He was sentenced to six months in a civilian prison. The term "command responsibility" was first applied in the trial of Müller.

Leipzig war crimes trials
The Leipzig war crimes trials were held in 1921 to try alleged German war criminals of the First World War before the German Reichsgericht (Supreme Court) in Leipzig, as part of the penalties imposed on the German government under the Treaty of Versailles. Twelve people were tried (with mixed results), and the proceedings were widely regarded at the time as a failure. In the longer term, they were seen by some as a significant step toward the introduction of a comprehensive system for the prosecution of international law violations.
Hawaii–Tahiti relations
Hawaiʻi–Tahiti relations refers to the historical relationship between the independent Kingdom of Hawaiʻi and the Kingdom of Tahiti. Relations included one treaty, proposed marriage alliances and exchanges of trade and diplomatic representatives from the early 1800s to 1880.

Pōmare dynasty
The Pōmare dynasty was the reigning family of the Kingdom of Tahiti between the unification of the islands by Pōmare I in 1788 and Pōmare V's cession of the kingdom to France in 1880. Their influence once spanned most of the Society Islands, the Austral Islands and the Tuamotu Archipelago.

The scientific name Pomarea of the Polynesian monarch flycatchers was established in honour of this dynasty. It was first used for the species from Tahiti by René Lesson and Prosper Garnot, and subsequently for the entire genus.
Thomas Macfarlane
Thomas Macfarlane (1811–1885) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the Auckland Region, New Zealand.

He represented the Northern Division electorate from 1867 to 1870, when he retired. He was the business partner of Thomas Henderson.

Thomas Henderson (New Zealand politician)
Thomas Maxwell Henderson (1810 – 27 June 1886) was a New Zealand politician. He was one of the earliest settlers in Auckland. He was a significant entrepreneur, and is the namesake of the Auckland suburb Henderson.
San Jose Museum of Art
The San Jose Museum of Art (SJMA) is a modern and contemporary art museum in downtown San Jose, California, United States. Founded in 1969, the museum holds a permanent collection with an emphasis on West Coast artists of the 20th and 21st centuries. It is located at Circle of Palms Plaza, beside Plaza de César Chávez.  A member of North American Reciprocal Museums, SJMA has received several awards from the American Alliance of Museums.

Circle of Palms Plaza
The Circle of Palms Plaza is located in downtown San Jose, California. It is composed of a ring of palm trees encircling a California State Seal, and designates the California Historical Marker 461, the site of California's first state capital from 1849 to 1851.
Haplogroup Q-M3
Haplogroup Q-M3 (Y-DNA) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup Q-M3 is a subclade of Haplogroup Q-L54.  Haplogroup Q-M3 was previously known as Haplogroup Q3; currently Q-M3 is Q1b1a1a below Q1b-M346.

In 1996 the research group at Stanford University headed by Dr. Peter Underhill first discovered the SNP that was to become known as M3. At the time, it was called DYS191. Later studies completed the genetic bridge by determining that Q-M3 was related to Q-M242-bearing populations who traveled through Central Asia to East Asia.

Haplogroup Q-P89.1
Haplogroup Q-P89.1 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-MEH2. Haplogroup Q-P89.1 is defined by the presence of the P89.1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).  In 2010, Q-P89.1 was reclassified as "private" and removed from the haplotree.
Øystre Slidre Municipality
Øystre Slidre is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Valdres. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Heggenes. Other villages in the municipality include Hegge, Rogne, Volbu, Moane, Skammestein, Beito, and Beitostølen.

The 969.89-square-kilometre (374.48 sq mi) municipality is the 120th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Øystre Slidre Municipality is the 221st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,311. The municipality's population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.9% over the previous 10-year period.

Moane
Moane is a village in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the east side of the river Volbuelve, on a hillside between the lakes Heggefjorden and Volbufjorden. The village of Heggenes lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northwest, the village of Volbu lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west, and the village of Rogne lies about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) to the southeast. The Norwegian County Road 51 runs through the village.

The 0.65-square-kilometre (160-acre) village has a population (2024) of 350 and a population density of 538 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,390/sq mi).
Marshall Sahlins
Marshall David Sahlins (/ˈsɑːlɪnz/ SAH-linz; December 27, 1930 – April 5, 2021)  was an American cultural anthropologist best known for his ethnographic work in the Pacific and for his contributions to anthropological theory. He was the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Anthropology and of Social Sciences at the University of Chicago.

Prickly Paradigm Press
Prickly Paradigm Press is a new incarnation of Prickly Pear Pamphlets, which was started in 1993, in Cambridge, England, by anthropologists Keith Hart and Anna Grimshaw. Together they published a series of ten pamphlets on a range of topics in anthropology, the history of science, and ethnographic film. In 1998, Mark Harris and Matthew Engelke took over the press, expanding its operations in the world market and adding a select few titles to its list. In 2001, Marshall Sahlins took over the press, renamed it Prickly Paradigm, and re-published his own pamphlet (Waiting for Foucault) and also Richard Rorty's. In 2004, Justin Shaffner scanned the original Prickly Pear pamphlets into a PDF format and made them freely available for distribution on the Internet.
Poulan, Georgia
Poulan is a city in Worth County, Georgia, United States. The population was 780 in 2020. Poulan is part of the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area.

Poulan is notable for its police department's speed trap tactics from 2006 to 2012. In 2009, Poulan's small police force generated nearly $900,000 from fines and fees, a number comparable to a city 30 times its size and due to the charges and fees being more than most cities. The per capita revenue from fines and fees is $1,019.15.

Worth County, Georgia
Worth County is a county located in the south-central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,784. The county seat is Sylvester. Worth County is included in the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area.
Agatolimod
Agatolimod (also known as CpG 7909, ODN 2006, PF-3512676, VaxImmune, and ProMuneT) is a CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide which acts as a toll-like receptor 9 agonist. Agatolimod stimulates the immune system and has been tested for prevention and treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, allergies, and asthma.

Toll-like receptor 9
Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. TLR9 has also been designated as CD289 (cluster of differentiation 289). It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. TLR9 is an important receptor expressed in immune system cells including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, and other antigen presenting cells. TLR9 is expressed on endosomes internalized from the plasma membrane, binds DNA (preferentially DNA containing unmethylated CpGs of bacterial or viral origin), and triggers signaling cascades that lead to a pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Cancer, infection, and tissue damage can all modulate TLR9 expression and activation. TLR9 is also an important factor in autoimmune diseases, and there is active research into synthetic TLR9 agonists and antagonists that help regulate autoimmune inflammation.
Chopsticks (hand game)
Chopsticks (sometimes called Splits, Calculator, or just Sticks) is a hand game for two or more players, in which players extend a number of fingers from each hand and transfer those scores by taking turns tapping one hand against another. Chopsticks is an example of a combinatorial game, and is solved in the sense that, with perfect play, an optimal strategy from any point is known.

Hand game
Hand games are games played using only the hands of the players. Hand games exist in a variety of cultures internationally, and are of interest to academic studies in ethnomusicology and music education. Hand games are used to teach music literacy skills and socio-emotional learning in elementary music classrooms internationally.
Høydalsmo
Høydalsmo is a village in Tokke Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located along the north shore of the lake Oftevant in the northeastern part of the municipality. The European route E134 highway runs through the village. The village area has about 300 permanent residents. The village of Dalen lies about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the southwest and the village of Åmot (in Vinje) lies about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the northwest.

Høydalsmo is known for its skiing facilities. Høydalsmo hosted the Norwegian cross-country skiing championships in 2002.

The Høydalsmo Church lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the east of the village centre. It was built in 1785, replacing a medieval stave church on the same site.

The wrestler Grom Gravalid (known as Gromguten) hails from Høydalsmo.

Høydalsmo Church
Høydalsmo Church (Norwegian: Høydalsmo kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Tokke Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Høydalsmo. It is one of the churches for the Høydalsmo og Lårdal parish which is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1747 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 60 people.
Berlstedt
Berlstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁlʃtɛt]) is a village and a former municipality in the Weimarer Land district of Thuringia, Germany. On 1 December 2007, the former municipality Hottelstedt was incorporated by Berlstedt. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the municipality Am Ettersberg.

Am Ettersberg
Am Ettersberg (German pronunciation: [am ˈʔɛtɐsbɛʁk], lit. 'On the Ettersberg') is a municipality in the district Weimarer Land, in Thuringia, Germany. It was created with effect from 1 January 2019 by the merger of the former municipalities of Berlstedt, Buttelstedt, Großobringen, Heichelheim, Kleinobringen, Krautheim, Ramsla, Sachsenhausen, Schwerstedt, Vippachedelhausen and Wohlsborn.
Horta-Guinardó
Horta-Guinardó (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈɔɾtə ɣinəɾˈðo]) is the name of one of the districts of Barcelona, located in its North-Eastern corner. It is named after two very heterogeneous areas of the city, Horta and El Guinardó, which together cover a large area of 11.92 km2, amounting to 11.9% of the total area of the city.

A former municipality that eventually became part of the city in the late 19th century, it is bordered by five out of ten districts of Barcelona (Gràcia, Nou Barris, Eixample, Sant Andreu and Sant Martí), and by two other municipalities of the metropolitan area (Sant Cugat and Cerdanyola del Vallès). It underwent a rapid urbanisation process from the 1950s.

Nou Barris
Nou Barris (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈnɔw ˈβaris], lit. "nine neighbourhoods") is one of the ten districts into which Barcelona has been officially divided since 1984. The name refers to the original nine neighbourhoods it was composed of, even though nowadays it is made up of thirteen. It covers an area of 8.04 km2.

It is located in the northern part of the city adjacent to two other districts of Barcelona: Sant Andreu and Horta-Guinardó and grew up extensively out of small urbanised areas near the former municipalities of Sant Joan d'Horta and Sant Andreu de Palomar (now neighbourhoods of Barcelona) in the 20th century, especially from the 1950s on. The district council is located in a former mental institution, the Institut Mental de la Santa Creu.
Check digit
A check digit is a form of redundancy check used for error detection on identification numbers, such as bank account numbers, which are used in an application where they will at least sometimes be input manually. It is analogous to a binary parity bit used to check for errors in computer-generated data. It consists of one or more digits (or letters) computed by an algorithm from the other digits (or letters) in the sequence input.

With a check digit, one can detect simple errors in the input of a series of characters (usually digits) such as a single mistyped digit or some permutations of two successive digits.

Error detection and correction
In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunications, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many communication channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases.