hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polish grammar
The grammar of the Polish language is complex and characterized by a high degree of inflection, and has relatively free word order, although the dominant arrangement is subject–verb–object (SVO). There commonly are no articles (although this has been a subject of academic debate), and there is frequent dropping of subject pronouns. Distinctive features include the different treatment of masculine personal nouns in the plural, and the complex grammar of numerals and quantifiers.

Numeral (linguistics)
In linguistics, a numeral in the broadest sense is a word or phrase that describes a numerical quantity. Some theories of grammar use the word "numeral" to refer to cardinal numbers that act as a determiner that specify the quantity of a noun, for example the "two" in "two hats". Some theories of grammar do not include determiners as a part of speech and consider "two" in this example to be an adjective. Some theories consider "numeral" to be a synonym for "number" and assign all numbers (including ordinal numbers like "first") to a part of speech called "numerals". Numerals in the broad sense can also be analyzed as a noun ("three is a small number"), as a pronoun ("the two went to town"), or for a small number of words as an adverb ("I rode the slide twice").

Numerals can express relationships like quantity (cardinal numbers), sequence (ordinal numbers), frequency (once, twice), and part (fraction).
Butch Patrick
Butch Patrick (born Patrick Alan Lilley; August 2, 1953) is an American actor and musician. Beginning his professional acting career at the age of seven, Patrick is perhaps best known for his role as child werewolf Eddie Munster on the CBS comedy television series The Munsters from 1964 to 1966 and in the 1966 feature film Munster, Go Home!, and as Mark on the ABC Saturday morning series Lidsville from 1971 to 1973.

Lidsville
Lidsville is an American television show created by brothers Sid and Marty Krofft. It was their third series, following H.R. Pufnstuf (1969) and The Bugaloos (1970). As did its predecessors, Lidsville combined two types of characters: conventional actors in makeup alongside performers in full mascot costumes, whose voices were dubbed in post-production. Seventeen episodes aired on Saturday mornings on ABC during 1971–1973. The show was rebroadcast on NBC Saturday mornings the following season.

The opening was shot at Six Flags Over Texas. Otherwise, the show was shot at Paramount Pictures film studio in Los Angeles.
Wallace A. Gaines
Wallace Arkansas Gaines, also known as W. A. Gaines, (April 15, 1858 – August 3, 1940) was an American businessman, funeral director, and an elected official. He was active within the Republican Party in Kentucky, and in the Freemasons. Gaines owned several businesses including W. A. Gaines Funeral Home, the first African American owned funeral home in the city of Covington, Kentucky.

Covington, Kentucky
Covington is a home rule-class city in Kenton County, Kentucky, United States. It is located at the confluence of the Ohio and Licking rivers, across from Cincinnati, Ohio to the north and Newport to the east. It is the largest city in Northern Kentucky and the fifth-most populous city in the state with a population of 40,691 at the 2020 census. Covington is part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area and is one of Kenton County's two seats, along with Independence.
Kaleida, Manitoba
Kaleida is an unincorporated community in south central Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 28 kilometers (17 miles) southwest of Morden, Manitoba in the Municipality of Pembina. Kaleida has a population of 10 as of June 2021. It is accessible from Provincial Trunk Highway 3 (Boundary Commission Trail) via Provincial Road 528.

Manitoba Highway 3
Provincial Trunk Highway 3 (PTH 3) is a major provincial highway located in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It runs from the Saskatchewan boundary (where it meets Highway 18) to the southwest city limits of Winnipeg, where it continues as Winnipeg Route 155 (McGillivray Boulevard). Prior before to the implementation of Winnipeg's City Route System, it extended to Pembina Highway.

West of its junction of PTH 14, PTH 3 is designated as the Boundary Commission Trail, commemorating the historic red river cart trail which connected western communities to the North-Western Territory and to British Columbia.
Gila County, Arizona
Gila County (/ˈhiːlə/ HEE-lə) is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,272. The county seat is Globe.

Gila County comprises the Payson, Arizona micropolitan statistical area which is included in the greater Phoenix–Mesa, AZ combined statistical area.

Gila County contains parts of Fort Apache Indian Reservation and San Carlos Indian Reservation.

Globe, Arizona
Globe (Western Apache: Bésh Baa Gowąh "Place of Metal") is a city in and the county seat of Gila County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 7,249. Globe was founded c. 1875 as a mining camp. Mining, tourism, government and retirees are most important in the present-day Globe economy.

The Globe Downtown Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
Prophage
A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to "phage") genome that is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid within the bacterial cell. Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the characteristic step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages. Prophages remain latent in the genome through multiple cell divisions until activation by an external factor, such as UV light, leading to production of new phage particles that will lyse the cell and spread. As ubiquitous mobile genetic elements, prophages play important roles in bacterial genetics and evolution, such as in the acquisition of virulence factors.

Temperateness (virology)
In virology, temperate refers to the ability of some bacteriophages (notably coliphage λ) to display a lysogenic life cycle. Many (but not all) temperate phages can integrate their genomes into their host bacterium's chromosome, together becoming a lysogen as the phage genome becomes a prophage. A temperate phage is also able to undergo a productive, typically lytic life cycle, where the prophage is expressed, replicates the phage genome, and produces phage progeny, which then leave the bacterium.  With phage the term virulent is often used as an antonym to temperate, but more strictly a virulent phage is one that has lost its ability to display lysogeny through mutation rather than a phage lineage with no genetic potential to ever display lysogeny (which more properly would be described as an obligately lytic phage).
R8 (RER Vaud)
The R8 is a railway service of RER Vaud that provides hourly service between Allaman and Payerne in the Swiss canton of Vaud. Swiss Federal Railways, the national railway company of Switzerland, operates the service. The service was previously known as the S8.

Payerne railway station
Payerne railway station (French: Gare de Payerne) is a railway station in the municipality of Payerne, in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is located at the junction of the standard gauge Fribourg–Yverdon and Palézieux–Lyss lines of Swiss Federal Railways.
Sanri Sanfukugen
Sanri Sanfukugen (Japanese: 三理三腹元) was a Tenrikyo-based shinshūkyō (Japanese new religion) founded by Ishiishikawa Komakichi (石々川駒吉) in 1936. It was formed as a splinter religious organization from Tenri Sanrinkō.

Tenri Sanrinkō
Tenri Sanrinkō (Japanese: 天理三輪講) was a Tenrikyo-based shinshūkyō (Japanese new religion) that became formally independent in 1933 under its founder, Katsu Hisano (勝ヒサノ) who was a follower of Honmichi, then called Tenri Hondō at that time. Formerly based in Osaka Prefecture, it no longer exists today; however, some new religions claim or recognize their past history ultimately from it through their founders, such as Kami Ichijōkyō, Sekai Shindōkyō, or even further to Ōkanmichi (おうかんみち) and Kanrodai Reiri Shidōkai (甘露台霊理斯道会; also known by the name of its main temple, Yamato Daijingū 皇和大親宮). Adherents of Tenri Sanrinkō followed the tradition of Honmichi by revering the leader as the living kanrodai. The kō (講) in Tenri Sanrinkō refers to confraternity in Japanese religious parlance.
Cadwal Chronicles
The Cadwal Chronicles are a trilogy of science fiction novels by American writer Jack Vance set in his Gaean Reach fictional universe. The three novels are called Araminta Station (1987), Ecce and Old Earth (1991), and Throy (1992).

Ecce and Old Earth
Ecce and Old Earth is a 1991 science fiction novel by American writer Jack Vance, the second novel in the Cadwal Chronicles trilogy, set in Vance's Gaean Reach. It follows Araminta Station (1987) and precedes Throy (1992).
Tunbosun Aiyedehin
Tunbosun Aiyedehin (born June 19, 1973), popularly known as Tuby, is a Nigerian film actress and voice-over artiste. She is best known for her role in the movies, Two Brides and a Baby and Kpians: The Feast of Soul.

Two Brides and a Baby
Two Brides and a Baby is a 2011 Nigerian romantic drama film directed by Teco Benson and starring Keira Hewatch, Kalu Ikeagwu, OC Ukeje, Chelsea Eze, Stella Damasus-Aboderin and Okey Uzoeshi. It premiered on 17 November 2011. It received awards and nominations at Africa Movie Academy Awards, Best of Nollywood Awards and Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards.
Mac MacLeod
Keith "Mac" MacLeod (9 July 1941 – 16 November 2020), was an English musician who was a part of the Hertfordshire folk and blues scene from 1959 onwards. He played in St Albans alongside Mick Softley and Maddy Prior and toured with John Renbourn. Influences include Softley, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, Derroll Adams, Jesse Fuller, Big Bill Broonzy, Snooks Eaglin, Reverend Gary Davis and Davey Graham.

MacLeod was an early influence on Donovan, and was the bassist for the original line-up of Hurdy Gurdy which also inspired the Donovan song "The Hurdy Gurdy Man". MacLeod has also worked with Argent. Other bands MacLeod formed of note include Soft Cloud, Loud Earth with Mick Softley and the acoustic-based band Amber.

John Renbourn
John Renbourn (8 August 1944 – 26 March 2015) was an English guitarist and songwriter. He was best known for his collaboration with guitarist Bert Jansch as well as his work with the folk group Pentangle, although he maintained a solo career before, during and after that band's existence (1967–1973). Several albums were credited to the John Renbourn Group.  He worked later in a duo with Stefan Grossman.

While most commonly labelled a folk musician, Renbourn's musical tastes and interests took in early music, classical music, jazz, blues and world music. His most influential album, Sir John Alot (1968), featured his take on tunes from the medieval period.
2001–02 Israeli Premier League
The 2001–02 Israeli Premier League season saw Maccabi Haifa win their second consecutive title. It took place from the first match on 25 August 2001 to the final match on 18 May 2002.

Two teams from Liga Leumit were promoted at the end of the previous season: Hapoel Be'er Sheva and Maccabi Kiryat Gat. The two teams relegated were Bnei Yehuda and Tzafririm Holon.

Maccabi Kiryat Gat F.C.
Maccabi Kiryat Gat F.C. (Hebrew: מכבי קריית גת) was an Israeli football team based in the southern city of Kiryat Gat. The club's best achievement has been promotion to the Premier League as Liga Leumit runners-up in 2001, after beating Hapoel Beit She'an on the final day of the season. However, in their first season in the top division, they finished at the bottom of the table, six points from safety, and were relegated back to the second tier.

As a result of the overspending while in the top division, the club suffered financial difficulties, and was demoted to the fourth division by the IFA in 2004, where they played for a decade until 2014, when they were promoted to Liga Leumit.
Cooper Mountain Nature Park
Cooper Mountain Nature Park is a 231 acres (93 ha) nature park in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon. Opened in 2009, the park is owned and operated by Metro, the regional government in the Oregon portion of the metro area. The park is named after Cooper Mountain, the primary geological feature in the area near Beaverton. Maintained by the regional Tualatin Hills Park and Recreation District, the natural area has 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of hiking trails. It is one of THPRD's two nature parks, along with the Tualatin Hills Nature Park.

Tualatin Hills Nature Park
The Tualatin Hills Nature Park is a 222-acre nature park and wildlife preserve in Beaverton, Oregon, owned by the Tualatin Hills Park & Recreation District (THPRD). It is one of THPRD's two nature parks along with Cooper Mountain Nature Park. The park features 5 miles (8 km) of trails, of which 1.5 miles are paved and 3.5 miles unpaved. The park features a diverse environment including several types of both evergreen and deciduous trees as well as creeks, wetlands, ponds, and meadows. Located on 15655 S.W. Millikan Way, at the main entrance to the park, is the Tualatin Hills Nature Center, formerly called the Tualatin Hills Nature Park Interpretive Center. The name was changed in November 2014. Nature supervisor Kristin Atman said that "six words is really a mouthful" and the new name would be more consistent with THPRD's other facilities.
Jean-Louis Lemoyne
Jean-Louis Lemoyne (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ lwi ləmwan]; 1665–1755) was a French sculptor whose works were commissioned by Louis XIV and Louis XV.

His sculptures are featured in major art museums, including the Louvre, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Frick Collection, the Museum of Fine Arts, and the National Gallery of Art.  Lemoyne was the pupil of Antoine Coysevox.

His son Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne was also a noted sculptor.

Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne (sculptor)
Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ləmwan]; 15 February 1704 – 25 May 1778) was a French sculptor of the 18th century who worked in both the rococo and neoclassical style. He made monumental statuary for the Gardens of Versailles but was best known for his expressive portrait busts.
Mario Bunge
Mario Augusto Bunge (/ˈbʊŋɡeɪ/ BUUNG-gay; Spanish: [ˈmaɾjo ˈβuŋxe]; September 21, 1919 – February 24, 2020) was an Argentine-Canadian philosopher and physicist. His philosophical writings combined scientific realism, systemism, materialism, emergentism, and other principles.

He was an advocate of "exact philosophy": 211  and a critic of existentialist, hermeneutical, phenomenological philosophy, and postmodernism.: 172  He was popularly known for his opinions against pseudoscience.

Systemics
In the context of systems science and systems philosophy, systemics is an initiative to study systems. It is an attempt at developing logical, mathematical, engineering and philosophical paradigms and frameworks in which physical, technological, biological, social, cognitive and metaphysical systems can be studied and modeled.

The term "systemics" was coined in the 1970s by Mario Bunge and others, as an alternative paradigm for research related to general systems theory and systems science.
About Time (Ten Years After album)
About Time is an album by the blues rock band Ten Years After, released in 1989. It was the final studio album featuring Alvin Lee, their singer and most prominent songwriter since the band's formation. It was their first studio release in fifteen years (since Positive Vibrations, in 1974).

About Time peaked at number 120 on the US Billboard 200.

Alvin Lee
Alvin Lee (born Graham Anthony Barnes; 19 December 1944 – 6 March 2013) was an English guitarist, singer and songwriter, who was best known as the lead vocalist and guitarist of the blues rock band Ten Years After.
Gmina Przemęt
Gmina Przemęt is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Przemęt, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Wolsztyn and 60 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 225.31 square kilometres (87.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 13,494 (13,187 in 2011).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Przemęt Landscape Park.

Przemęt, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Przemęt [ˈpʂɛmɛnt] is a village in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przemęt. It also gives its name to the surrounding protected area called Przemęt Landscape Park.
Odzaberd
Odzaberd (Armenian: Oձաբերդ; meaning "Serpent's Fortress"; formerly Teyseba referring to the Urartian fortification and named after the god Teisheba; also known as Ishkanaberd meaning "Lord's Fortress") is located upon a hill east of the town of Tsovinar and at the south-east corner of Lake Sevan in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. Odzaberd is situated at a height of 1,921 metres (6,302 ft).

Gegharkunik Province
Gegharkunik (Armenian: Գեղարքունիք, Armenian pronunciation: [ɡɛʁɑɾkʰuˈnikʰ] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. Its capital and largest city is Gavar. Gegharkunik is inhabited by approximately 209,669 people and the majority are ethnic Armenians.

Gegharkunik Province is located at the eastern part of Armenia, bordering Azerbaijan. It includes the exclave of Artsvashen, which has been under Azerbaijani occupation since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. With an area of 5,348 km2 (2,065 sq mi), Gegharkunik is the largest province in Armenia. However, approximately 24% or 1,278 km2 (493 sq mi) of its territory is covered by Lake Sevan, the largest lake in the South Caucasus and a major tourist attraction of the region.

The Yerevan-Sevan-Dilijan republican highway runs through the province.
Norwegian Agrarian Association
The Norwegian Agrarian Association (Norwegian: Norges Bondelag) is the largest Norwegian interest organization for farmers.

It functions both as a labour union and as a trade union. It negotiates with the Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union and the Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion about agricultural subsidies. It has 61,000 members, with 475 local chapters and 14 county chapters.

The association was established in 1896 as Norges Landmandsforbund. In 1920 the organization decided to create its own political party, the Agrarian Party (now called Centre Party). In 1922 the Norwegian Agrarian Association took its present name. The organization is currently completely independent of the Centre Party.

The association has an official publication, Bondebladet, which is published on a weekly basis.

Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union
The Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union (Norwegian: Norsk Bonde- og Småbrukarlag) is an interest organization for farmers in Norway.

It is a labour union and a trade union, founded in 1913, and negotiates with the Norwegian Agrarian Association against the Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion about agricultural subsidies.

Its secretary-general is Vilde Haarsaker, and its chair is Tor Jacob Solberg. It has 7,000 members, with 260 local chapters and 18 county chapters. The headquarters are in Oslo and the newsletter is Bonde og Småbruker.
Bruce Jay Friedman
Bruce Jay Friedman (April 26, 1930 – June 3, 2020) was an American novelist, screenwriter, playwright, and actor. He was noted for his versatility of writing in both literature and pop culture.  He was also a trailblazer in the style of modern American black humor.  The themes he wrote about reflected the major changes taking place in society during the 1960s and 1970s.  Many of his stories were inspired by the events of his personal life.

Babaloo Mandel
Marc Alan "Babaloo" Mandel (born October 13, 1949) is an American writer and producer. He first wrote episodic television comedy, then transitioned to writing feature films and theatre. He and long-time writing partner Lowell Ganz wrote numerous high-profile films including Splash (1984), Parenthood (1989), City Slickers (1991), and A League of Their Own (1992).
U.N. Squadron
U.N. Squadron, released in Japan as Area 88, is a 1989 side-scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. It was based on the manga series of the same name, though the North American release omits all references to the manga. Their mission is to stop a terrorist group known as Project 4. It was ported to multiple platforms including the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and was followed by a spiritual successor, Carrier Air Wing.

Carrier Air Wing (video game)
Carrier Air Wing, released in Japan as U.S. Navy, is a 1990 side-scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. It is the spiritual successor to U.N. Squadron, which was released in the previous year.  A version for the Capcom Power System Changer was planned and previewed but never released. It was later re-released on Capcom Arcade Stadium.
Patrick Wall
Sir Patrick Henry Bligh Wall, MC, VRD (14 October 1916 – 15 May 1998) was a British commando in the Royal Marines during the Second World War and later a Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Haltemprice in the East Riding of Yorkshire and subsequently for Beverley, over a period spanning 33 years. He was a leading figure in the Conservative Monday Club, and a parliamentary consultant to the Western Goals Institute. In the last decade of his life, he was President of the British UFO Research Association (BUFORA).

John Biggs-Davison
Sir John Alec Biggs-Davison (7 June 1918 – 17 September 1988) was a Conservative Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom for Chigwell from 1955 and then, after boundary changes in 1974, Epping Forest until his death. He was a leading figure in the Conservative Monday Club.
Henry Vincent Hubbard
Henry Vincent Hubbard (August 22, 1875 – October 6, 1947) was an American landscape architect and planner, famous for his unique teaching styles at Harvard University, and his many publications. He was one of the prime supporters for a national system of public parks.

Theodora Kimball Hubbard
Theodora Kimball Hubbard (1887–1935) was the first librarian of the Harvard School of Landscape Architecture, and a contemporary of and collaborator with many significant figures in landscape architecture in expanding the body of knowledge in that subject area.
Evelyn Kaabule
Kaabule Evelyn Naome Mpagi (born 1 July 1966) is a Ugandan human resource management consultant and politician. She is a former Member of Parliament, having served as the first Women's Representative for Luuka District in Uganda's 9th Parliament, after the district was created by an act of parliament and became functional on 1 July 2010. She served in this role until 2016 when she was defeated by Esther Mbulakubuza Mbayo in the 2016 general election. Then a member of the National Resistance Movement (NRM), she served on three parliamentary committees during her time in Parliament: the Public Accounts Committee, the Committee on Social Services, and the Presidential Affairs Committee. Having been defeated by Mbayo in the NRM primary, she ran on an independent ticket in the 2016 election cycle.

Esther Mbulakubuza Mbayo
Esther Mbulakubuza Mbayo (née Esther Mbulakubuza), is a Ugandan politician. She is the Former Minister of the Presidency in the Ugandan Cabinet. She was appointed to that position on 6 June 2016, replacing Frank Tumwebaze, who was then appointed Ministry of Information Information Technology and Communication.

She serves in the Parliament of Uganda as the Luuka District Women's Representative.