hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lviv Border Detachment
The Lviv Border Detachment (MUN 2144) also known as the Carpathian Border Detachment is a brigade level detachment of the Western Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guards the Poland-Ukraine border in four Raions (Lviv Raion, Sambir Raion, Yavoriv Raion and Sheptytskyi Raion) of Lviv Oblast. The detachment guards a total border length of 279 km including 50 km riverine and 107 km mountainous.

State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (abbr.  SBGSU; Ukrainian: Державна Прикордонна Служба України, romanized: Derzhavna Prykordonna Sluzhba Ukrainy, pronounced [derˈʒɑu̯nɐ prɪkorˈdɔnːɐ ˈsluʒbɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; abbr. ДПСУ, DPSU) is the border guard of Ukraine. It is an independent law enforcement agency, organized by the Constitution of Ukraine as a military formation, the head of which is subordinated to the President of Ukraine.

The Service was created on July 31, 2003, after the reorganization of the State Committee for Protection of the State Border. During wartime, units of the State Border Guard Service fall under the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The State Border Guard Service includes the Ukrainian Sea Guard, which is the country's coast guard. It is also responsible for running Temporary Detention Centres, in which refugees are held.
Crossed Swords II
Crossed Swords II is a hack and slash action role-playing video game developed and published by ADK exclusively for the Neo Geo CD in Japan on May 2, 1995. The sequel to the original Crossed Swords, It is one of the few exclusive titles to be released for the console, as it was never officially released for either Neo Geo MVS (arcade) and Neo Geo AES (home) platforms.

Taking place several decades after the events of the original game, the story follows a crew of three adventurers on a journey across the kingdom of Belkana to slay the returning demon warlord Nausizz, whose castle rises from hell once again and his servants are threatening to conquer the land by bringing chaos and destruction with his reign.

ADK Corporation
ADK Corporation (Japanese: 株式会社エーディーケイ, Hepburn: Kabushiki Kaisha ADK), formerly known as Alpha Denshi Corporation (アルファ電子株式会社), was a Japanese video game developer founded in 1980. ADK began as a developer of arcade games and is best known for their library of SNK Neo Geo titles, including for its home consoles, produced in partnership with SNK. Most notable among these are their fighting games and, in particular, the World Heroes series and Aggressors of Dark Kombat. The company closed with properties sold to SNK Playmore in 2003.
Kumul Khanate
The Kumul Khanate was a semi-autonomous feudal Turco-Mongol khanate (equivalent to a banner in Mongolia) within the Qing dynasty and then the Republic of China until it was abolished by Xinjiang governor Jin Shuren in 1930. The khanate was located in present-day Hami prefecture of Xinjiang.

Khanate
A khanate (/ˈxɑːneɪt, -ət/ KHAHN-ayt, -⁠ət) or khaganate was a polity ruled by a khan, khagan, khatun, or khanum. Khanates were typically nomadic Mongolic and Turkic societies located on the Eurasian Steppe, and politically equivalent in status to kinship-based chiefdoms and feudal monarchies. Khanates and khaganates were organised tribally, where leaders gained power on the support and loyalty of their warrior subjects, gaining tribute from subordinates as realm funding. In comparison to a khanate, a khaganate, the realm of a khagan, was a large nomadic state maintaining subjugation over numerous smaller khanates. The title of khagan, translating as "Khan of the Khans", roughly corresponds in status to that of an emperor.
No-arbitrage bounds
In financial mathematics, no-arbitrage bounds are mathematical relationships specifying limits on financial portfolio prices.  These price bounds are a specific example of good–deal bounds, and are in fact the greatest extremes for good–deal bounds.

The most frequent nontrivial example of no-arbitrage bounds is put–call parity for option prices.  In incomplete markets, the bounds are given by the subhedging and superhedging prices.

The essence of no-arbitrage in mathematical finance is excluding the possibility of "making money out of nothing" in the financial market. This is necessary because the existence of persistent risk free arbitrage opportunities is not only unrealistic, but also contradicts the possibility of an economic equilibrium. All mathematical models of financial markets have to satisfy a no-arbitrage condition to be realistic models.

Good–deal bounds
Good–deal bounds are price bounds for a financial portfolio which depends on an individual trader's preferences.  Mathematically, if  is a set of portfolios with future outcomes which are "acceptable" to the trader, then define the function  by

where  is the set of final values for self-financing trading strategies.  Then any price in the range  does not provide a good deal for this trader, and this range is called the "no good-deal price bounds."

If  then the good-deal price bounds are the no-arbitrage price bounds, and correspond to the subhedging and superhedging prices.  The no-arbitrage bounds are the greatest extremes that good-deal bounds can take.

If  where  is a utility function, then the good-deal price bounds correspond to the indifference price bounds.
Bladder
The bladder (from Old English  blædre 'bladder, blister, pimple') is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys. In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more.

The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico- appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins. The modern Latin word for "bladder" – cystis – appears in associated terms such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).

Transitional epithelium
Transitional epithelium is a type of stratified epithelium. Transitional epithelium is a type of tissue that changes shape in response to stretching (stretchable epithelium). The transitional epithelium usually appears cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched. This tissue consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can contract and expand in order to adapt to the degree of distension needed. Transitional epithelium lines the organs of the urinary system and is known here as urothelium (pl.: urothelia). The bladder, for example, has a need for great distension.
202nd (2/1st Kent) Brigade
The 2nd Kent Brigade was a 2nd Line Territorial Force Brigade of the British Army in World War I.  The brigade was formed as a duplicate of the Kent Brigade in October 1914 as part of the 2nd Home Counties Division.  As the name suggests, the brigade recruited in Kent.  In August 1915, in common with all Territorial Force brigades, it was numbered as 202nd (2/1st Kent) Brigade.  Between September 1917 and the end of the year, the brigade was extensively reorganized and lost its territorial identity; henceforth it was known as 202nd Brigade.

133rd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 133rd Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw service during the First World War in British India, but never as a complete formation. In the Second World War, the brigade fought in the Battle of France in May 1940 and was evacuated at Dunkirk. It later fought in the North African Campaign, and was disbanded on 1 January 1943.
Goldhunga
Goldhunga is a village and former Village Development Committee that is now part of  Tarakeshwar Municipality in Kathmandu District in Province No. 3 of central Nepal. According to National Population and Housing Census 2011, there are 3,806 households in the VDC and the total population is 16,174.

Tarakeshwar
Tarakeshwar is a municipality in Kathmandu District in Bagmati Province of Nepal that was established on 2 December 2014 by merging the former Village development committees Dharmasthali, Futung, Goldhunga, Jitpurphedi, Kavresthali, Manmaiju and Sangla. The office of the municipality is that of the former Dharmasthali village development committee.
Grezzana
Grezzana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Venice and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northeast of Verona.

Grezzana borders the following municipalities: Bosco Chiesanuova, Cerro Veronese, Erbezzo, Negrar, Roverè Veronese, Sant'Anna d'Alfaedo, and Verona.

Roveré Veronese
Roveré Veronese (Cimbrian: Roveràit) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Verona. It is part of the Thirteen Communities, a group of villages where the population historically speaks the Cimbrian language, a dialect of Upper German, as their native tongue.

Roverè Veronese borders the following municipalities: Bosco Chiesanuova, Cerro Veronese, Grezzana, San Mauro di Saline, Selva di Progno, Velo Veronese, and Verona.
Duchy of Bernstadt
The Duchy of Bernstadt (German: Herzogtum Bernstadt, Polish: Księstwo bierutowskie, Czech: Bernštatské knížectví) was a Silesian duchy centred on the city of Bernstadt (Bierutów) in Lower Silesia (now in Poland) and formed by separation from the Duchy of Oels (Oleśnica). It was first ruled by the Silesian Piasts dynasty, until its extinction in 1492. In 1495 it and the Duchy of Oels passed to the Dukes of Münsterberg, who came from the House of Poděbrady. In 1647 the Duchy of Bernstadt passed by marriage to the Dukes of Württemberg.

Duchies of Silesia
The Duchies of Silesia were the more than twenty divisions of the region of Silesia formed between the 12th and 14th centuries by the breakup of the Duchy of Silesia, then part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1335, the duchies were ceded to the Kingdom of Bohemia under the Treaty of Trentschin. Thereafter until 1742, Silesia was one of the Bohemian crown lands and lay within the Holy Roman Empire. Most of Silesia was annexed by the King of Prussia under the Treaty of Berlin in 1742. Only the Duchy of Teschen, the Duchy of Troppau and the Duchy of Nysa remained under the control of the Bohemian crown and as such were known as the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia until 1918.
Rhodophana
Rhodophana is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Entolomataceae. It originally described as a genus in 1947 by Robert Kühner, but the description was invalid until it was re-published in 1971, though as a subgenus of Rhodocybe.  It did not find favour as a genus until Rhodocybe was found to be polyphyletic and Kluting et al. resurrected the name in 2014 as part of a DNA-based reclassification of the family.

Rhodophana is distinguished from other genera of the Entolomataceae because there are clamp connections and based on the structure of the cap skin.  This genus has a thin outer cutis in a single layer merging into the main trama whilst other family members have a two-layer cap skin.  The type species is Rhodophana nitellina.

The name is derived from "rhodon" (ῥόδον) = "rose" (referring to the pink colour of the spores and gills) and "phanos" (φανός) = bright or conspicuous (referring to the cap colour).

Entolomataceae
The Entolomataceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains eight genera and 2250 species, the majority of which are in Entoloma. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically agaricoid (mushrooms with gills), but a minority are cyphelloid. secotioid, or gasteroid. All produce pink basidiospores that are variously angular (polyhedral), ridged, or nodulose. Species are mostly saprotrophic, though a few are parasitic on other fungi. The family occurs worldwide.
Coping
Coping refers to the application of coping mechanisms, conscious and unconscious cognitions that people use to manage unpleasant emotions, stress and anxiety. Coping mechanisms can be adaptive, meaning that they successfully improve the well-being of the person applying them, or maladaptive, meaning they may manage a specific unpleasant emotion, but at the expense of other aspects of one's mental and/or physical health.

Defence mechanism
In psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological processes that  protect the self from anxiety-producing thoughts and feelings related to internal conflicts and external stressors. We automatically use defences to protect ourselves from threats and affects to maintain psychological balance and homeostasis. Defenses are automatic responses to external stressors or internal conflicts.

Healthy people have a fully developed sense of "object constancy", knowing that bad and good can exist at the same time in the same person. A defense mechanism can become pathological when its persistent use leads to maladaptive behaviour such that the physical or mental health of the individual is adversely affected. Among the purposes of defense mechanisms is to protect the mind/self/ego from anxiety or to provide a refuge from a situation with which one cannot cope at that moment.
Three-striped warbler
The three-striped warbler (Basileuterus tristriatus) is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It was previously considered conspecific with the Tacarcuna warbler and the black-eared warbler. It inhabits the northern Andes, from Venezuela to Peru. The Yungas warbler (Basileuterus punctipectus) was previously considered a subspecies.

Yungas warbler
The Yungas warbler (Basileuterus punctipectus) is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It was previously considered conspecific with the three-striped warbler. This bird is found in South America from southeastern Peru to southcentral Bolivia.
Bellows Falls, Vermont
Bellows Falls is an incorporated village located in the town of Rockingham in Windham County, Vermont, United States.  The population was 2,747 at the 2020 census. Bellows Falls is home to the Green Mountain Railroad, a heritage railroad; the annual Roots on the River Festival; and the No Film Film Festival.

Arch Bridge (Bellows Falls)
The Bellows Falls Arch Bridge was a three-hinged steel through arch bridge over the Connecticut River between Bellows Falls, Vermont and North Walpole, New Hampshire. It was structurally significant as the longest arch bridge in the United States when it was completed in 1905.

The bridge was built to circumvent an existing toll bridge and prevent people from using the Boston and Maine Railroad bridge, a practice the railroad preferred to discourage.
Ab Tak Chhappan 2
Ab Tak Chhappan 2 (transl. Fifty-six so far Part 2) is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film produced by Raju Chada and Gopal Dalvi. The film is directed by Aejaz Gulab and scripted by Nilesh Girkar. The film stars Nana Patekar in the lead role. It also stars Gul Panag, and Ashutosh Rana. The film is a sequel to  the crime drama Ab Tak Chhappan. The film was released on 27 February 2015 and met with mixed to positive reviews. The story revolves around Inspector Sadhu Agashe (Nana Patekar) from the Mumbai Encounter Squad. It is inspired by the life of Police sub-Inspector with Mumbai Police force Daya Nayak.

Daya Nayak
Daya Nayak is a retired Indian Police officer of the Mumbai Police. He joined the department in 1995, and rose to fame as an encounter specialist in the late 1990s, as a member of the Detection Unit. He retired on 31st July 2025. He was reinstated in Mumbai Police in January 2026, as a consultant.
Plesiomedetera
Plesiomedetera is an extinct genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae, known from Baltic amber from the Eocene. It was established to house seven species that were described by Fernand Meunier between 1907 and 1908; five of them were originally placed in Medetera, and two of them were placed in Chrysotus.

Medetera
Medetera is a large genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It includes about 350 species worldwide. The adults are commonly found resting on vertical surfaces such as tree trunks, on which they have a characteristic vertical upright stance. Because of this stance, they are sometimes known as "woodpecker flies". Medetera adults are predators of soft-bodied arthropods, while the larvae are predators of bark beetle larvae.

A 2011 molecular phylogenetic analysis of Medetera and related genera found that Medetera is paraphyletic with respect to Dolichophorus, and that Thrypticus is a sister taxon to Medetera + Dolichophorus.
Theodora (wife of Justinian I)
Theodora (/ˌθiːəˈdɔːrə/; Greek: Θεοδώρα; c. 490/500 – 28 June 548) was Eastern Roman empress and wife of emperor Justinian I. She was of humble origins and became empress when her husband became emperor in 527. Theodora was one of his chief political advisers. She is recognized as a saint in the Oriental Orthodox Churches, and commemorated on 14 November.

Procopius
Procopius of Caesarea (/proʊˈkoʊpiəs/; Ancient Greek: Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς Prokópios ho Kaisareús; Latin: Procopius Caesariensis; c. 500 – 565) was a prominent late antique Greek scholar and historian from Caesarea Maritima. Accompanying the Roman general Belisarius in Emperor Justinian's wars, Procopius became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the History of the Wars, the Buildings, and the infamous Secret History.
Tokenism
In sociology, tokenism is the social practice of making a perfunctory and symbolic effort towards the equitable inclusion of members of a minority group, especially by recruiting people from under-represented social-minority groups in order for the organization to give the public appearance of racial and gender equality, usually within a workplace, government, or a school. The sociological purpose of tokenism is to give the appearance of inclusivity to a workplace or a school that is not as culturally diverse (racial, religious, sexual, etc.) as the rest of society.

Smurfette principle
The Smurfette principle is the practice in media, such as film and television, to include only one woman in an otherwise entirely male ensemble. It establishes a male-dominated narrative, where the woman is the exception and exists only in reference to the men. The concept is named after Smurfette, the only female among the Smurfs, a group of comic book creatures.
Gyrophragmium
Gyrophragmium is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed by French botanist Camille Montagne in 1843.

The species known as G. dunalii was determined to properly belong into genus Agaricus, and since Agaricus dunalii was a preoccupied name it is now known as Agaricus aridicola.

Agaricus
Agaricus is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (A. bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
Miyoshi, Tokushima (town)
Miyoshi (三好町, Miyoshi-chō) was a town located in Miyoshi District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,069 and a density of 110.67 persons per km2. The total area was 54.84 km2.

On March 1, 2006, Miyoshi, along with the town of Mikamo (also from Miyoshi District), was merged to create the town of Higashimiyoshi.

Higashimiyoshi
Higashimiyoshi (東みよし町, Higashimiyoshi-chō) is a town located in Miyoshi District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2022, the town had an estimated population of 13,733 in 6281 households and a population density of 110 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 122.48 square kilometres (47.29 sq mi).
Arthur Tait
Christianity portal

Arthur James Tait (8 November 1872 – 3 April 1944) was an eminent Anglican priest and author.

Tait was educated at St Lawrence College, Ramsgate; Merchant Taylors' School, London; St John's College, Cambridge and Ridley Hall, Cambridge. After a curacy at Holy Trinity Church, Eastbourne he was Principal of St Aidan's College, Birkenhead from 1901 until 1907; and then of Ridley Hall, Cambridge from 1908 to 1927. He was a Canon Residentiary of Peterborough from 1924 until his death.

His father in law was The Rt Rev. Thomas Wortley Drury, D.D. His daughter Margaret married the university administrator Bertrand Hallward.

Ridley Hall, Cambridge
Ridley Hall is a theological college located on the corner of Sidgwick Avenue and Ridley Hall Road in Cambridge (United Kingdom), which trains men and women intending to take Holy Orders as deacon or priest of the Church of England, and members of the laity working with children and young people as lay pioneers and within a pastoral capacity such as lay chaplaincy. It is a registered charity.
Dufek Massif
The Dufek Massif (82°36′S 52°30′W﻿ / ﻿82.600°S 52.500°W﻿ / -82.600; -52.500﻿ (Dufek Massif)) is a rugged, largely snow-covered massif 27 nautical miles (50 km; 31 mi) long, standing west of the Forrestal Range in the northern part of the Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica.

Jaeger Table
The Jaeger Table (82°36′S 52°30′W﻿ / ﻿82.600°S 52.500°W﻿ / -82.600; -52.500﻿ (Jaeger Table)) is the ice-covered summit plateau of Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains of Antarctica, rising to 2,030 metres (6,660 ft) at Worcester Summit.
Operation Moses
Operation Moses (Hebrew: מִבְצָע מֹשֶׁה, Mivtza Moshe) was the covert evacuation of Ethiopian Jews (known as the "Beta Israel" community or the derogatory "Falashas") from Sudan during a civil war that caused a famine in 1984. Originally called Gur Aryeh Yehuda ("Cub of the Lion of Judah") by Israelis, the United Jewish Appeal changed the name to "Operation Moses".

History of the Jews in Ethiopia
The history of the Jews in Ethiopia dates back millennia. The largest Jewish group in Ethiopia is the Beta Israel. Offshoots of the Beta Israel include the Beta Abraham and the Falash Mura, Ethiopian Jews who were converted to Christianity, some of whom have reverted to Judaism. Addis Ababa is home to a small community of Adeni Jews. Chabad also maintains a presence in Addis Ababa.
Anna Creek Station
28°53′35″S 136°10′10″E﻿ / ﻿28.89306°S 136.16944°E﻿ / -28.89306; 136.16944

Anna Creek Station is a pastoral lease located on arid land in the Australian state of South Australia, operating as a cattle station. At 23,677 km2 (9,142 sq mi; 5,851,000 acres), it is the world's largest working cattle station (or ranch). Established after British colonisation of South Australia on the lands of the Arabana people, the lease was first purchased from the colonial government in 1863. As of 2025 it is owned by the Williams family.

Strangways Springs
Strangways Springs, Australia is located just off the Oodnadatta track, 39 kilometers south of William Creek. It is on the traditional lands of the Arabana people who call it Pangki Warrunha.

Strangways Springs is a significant mound springs complex, consisting of nearly two kilometer square area, full of hundreds of mound springs and soaks, surrounded by gibber plains. It is one of a series of similar formations that extend along the western edge of Kati Thanda (Lake Eyre) from Marree to Dalhousie Springs including Freeling Springs, and the Blanche Cup and the Bubbler in the Wabma Kadarbu Mound Springs Conservation Park, among others.

In the 19th century, Strangways Springs was a pastoral property, one of eleven repeater station on Australia's Overland Telegraph Line and a stop on the Great Northern Railway. It was a critical part of the nation's communication system.