hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrew I of Hungary
Andrew I the White or the Catholic (Hungarian: I. Fehér or Katolikus András/Endre; c. 1015 – before 6 December 1060) was King of Hungary from 1046 to 1060. He descended from a younger branch of the Árpád dynasty. After he spent fifteen years in exile, an extensive revolt by the pagan Hungarians enabled him to take the throne from King Peter Orseolo. He strengthened the position of Catholicism in the Kingdom of Hungary and successfully defended its independence against the Holy Roman Empire.

His efforts to ensure the succession of his son, Solomon, resulted in the open revolt of his brother Béla. Béla dethroned Andrew by force in 1060. Andrew suffered severe injuries during the fighting and died before his brother was crowned king.

Vazul
Vazul, or Vászoly, (before 997–1031 or 1032) was a member of the House of Árpád, a grandson of Taksony, Grand Prince of the Hungarians. The only other certain information about his life is that he was kept in captivity and blinded in the fortress of Nyitra (Nitra, Slovakia) in the last years of the reign of his cousin, King Stephen I of Hungary. Modern historians, including György Györffy, do not exclude that he had earlier been Duke of Nyitra. He is the forefather of nearly all Kings of Hungary who reigned after 1046.
Army Combat Shirt
The Army Combat Shirt (ACS) is a flame-resistant shirt developed and used by the United States Army as a supplementary addition to the Army Combat Uniform (ACU). The ACS is a stand-alone shirt designed specifically for use with the Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV) in warm and hot weather instead of the blouse, and was introduced in 2007. It is intended to greatly increase user comfort through the use of lightweight, moisture-wicking, and breathable fabrics. The ACS was created in conjunction with the USMC's Flame Resistant Organizational Gear (FROG). The ACS, in conjunction with the Fire Resistant ACU (FRACU) trousers, provides neck-to-ankle protection against burns.

Flame Resistant Organizational Gear
Flame Resistant Organizational Gear (FROG) is clothing used by the United States Marine Corps to reduce the number of injuries resulting from fire and flash (especially burns), due to the increased use of improvised explosive devices in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
William Bompas
William Carpenter Bompas (20 January 1834 – 9 June 1906) was a Church of England clergyman and missionary in northwestern Canada, first Anglican bishop of the  Athabasca diocese, then of the Mackenzie River diocese and then of the Selkirk (Yukon) diocese as these dioceses were successively carved out of the original Rupert's Land diocese.

Born in London, England, he died in Carcross, Yukon. His wife Charlotte Selina (Cox) Bompas participated in his missionary work, and wrote Owindia: A True Tale of the Mackenzie River Indians, North-West America.

Diocese of Mackenzie River
The Diocese of Mackenzie River was a short-lived diocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Rupert's Land of the Anglican Church of Canada.

It was created in 1884 by splitting the Diocese of Athabasca into two, and was itself subdivided in 1891 to create the Diocese of Selkirk (later renamed Yukon). The remainder was merged into the Diocese of Arctic  when the latter diocese was created in 1933.
Globalstar
Globalstar, Inc. is an American telecommunications company that operates a satellite constellation in low Earth orbit (LEO) for satellite phone, low-speed data transmission and Earth observation. The Globalstar second-generation constellation consists of 25 satellites.

Satellite phone
A satellite phone (also called a satellite telephone or satphone) is a type of mobile phone that connects to the public switched telephone network through orbiting satellites instead of terrestrial cell sites.  
They function in areas without terrestrial network coverage but require line-of-sight to a satellite. Most support voice, text, and low-bandwidth data services.
Sales decision process
A sales decision process is a formalized sales process companies use to manage the decision process behind a sale. SDP "is a defined series of steps you follow as you guide prospects from initial contact to purchase". This method includes planning specific timelines and milestones at the beginning of a sale, both internally and with the business customer. The process can be managed with special purpose SDP software.  SDP software allows customers and vendors to work collaboratively throughout a sales cycle with the objective of closing larger/longer deals faster. An SDP system is typically integrated with software that automates some of the sales process (Sales Force Automation) and one that helps manage the customer data (Customer relationship management). SDP manages the sales process while the SFA and CRM manage the customer.

Sales process engineering
Sales process engineering is the systematic design of sales processes done in order to make sales more effective and efficient.

It can be applied in functions including sales, marketing, and customer service.
S. H. Kress & Co.
S. H. Kress & Co. was the trading name of a chain of five-and-dime retail department stores in the United States established by Samuel Henry Kress. It operated from 1896 to 2001. In the first half of the 20th century, there were Kress stores with ornamented architecture in hundreds of cities and towns.

Variety store
A variety store  is a retail store that sells general merchandise, such as apparel, auto parts, dry goods, toys, hardware, furniture, and a selection of groceries. It usually sells them at discounted prices, sometimes at one or several fixed price points, such as one dollar, or historically, five and ten cents. Variety stores, as a category, are different from general merchandise superstores, hypermarkets (such as those operated by Target and Walmart), warehouse clubs (such as Costco), grocery stores, or department stores.

Dollar stores that sell food have been alleged to create food deserts: areas with limited access to affordable and healthy food. This is alleged to occur when dollar stores outcompete local businesses, and soon become some of the only grocery store–like businesses available in some areas.
South Wilts Cricket Club
South Wilts Cricket Club is an English amateur cricket club based in the cathedral city of Salisbury, Wiltshire.

South Wilts is one of Wiltshire's leading cricket clubs, having won the Southern Premier Cricket League five times along with a hat-trick of T20 victories from 2013 to 2015. On Saturdays it runs four senior men's teams along with numerous junior boys', women's and girls' sides on other days of the week.

Home matches are played at the Salisbury and South Wiltshire Sports Club ground, which is in the Bemerton area of Salisbury. The ground currently hosts Wiltshire CCC matches and is also used for county representative fixtures and ECB Finals Days.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Busse House
Busse House, also known as the Visiting Nurse Association, is a historic home located in downtown Evansville, Indiana.  It was designed by the architectural firm Harris & Shopbell and built in 1901 for a prominent local physician.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story, Queen Anne style limestone dwelling. It is located next to the Cadick Apartments.: Part 1, p. 25

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Cadick Apartments
Cadick Apartments, also known as the Plaza Building, is a historic apartment building located in downtown Evansville, Indiana.  It was built in 1916, and is a three-story, Beaux-Arts style brick and limestone building. It is located next to the Busse House.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Kanto Tsukuba Bank
The Kanto Tsukuba Bank, Ltd. (株式会社関東つくば銀行) is a Japanese regional bank that is headquartered in Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture. This bank was formed in 2003 as the result of a merger between the Kanto Bank and the Tsukuba Bank.

While the bank has a majority of its branches in Ibaraki Prefecture, it operates several branches outside the prefecture, notable in Tokyo, Chiba, Tochigi, and Saitama Prefectures. The bank is known in its shortened form as the "Kan Gin." Its largest stakeholder is the Master Trust Bank of Japan, with over 6% of its shares.

Regional bank (Japan)
A regional bank (chihō ginkō 地方銀行 or chigin 地銀) is a Japanese term for one of the 100 banks who are members of the Regional Banks Association of Japan (zenkoku chihōginkō kyōkai 全国地方銀行協会). They usually have their head office in the capital city of one of the 47 prefectures of Japan, serving mainly its local prefectural customers. Historically, regional banks in the same areas tend to merge over time, reducing overheads while increasing their strength and regional footprint.
Islam in the African diaspora
The practice of Islam by members of the African diaspora may be a consequence of African Muslims retaining their religion after leaving Africa (as for many Muslims in Europe) or of people of African ethnicity converting to Islam, as among many African-American Muslims, where conversion is often presented as a recovery of an African heritage lost during the Atlantic slave trade. In many regions, African-diaspora Muslims are an intersectional minority, and may face both racism and anti-Islam sentiment.

African-American Muslims
African-American Muslims, also known as Black Muslims, are an African-American religious minority. African-American Muslims account for over 20% of American Muslims. They represent one of the larger Muslim populations of the United States as there is no ethnic group that makes up the majority of American Muslims. They mostly belong to the Sunni sect, but smaller Shia and Nation of Islam minorities also exist. The history of African-American Muslims is related to African-American history in general, and goes back to the Revolutionary and Antebellum eras. October is Muslim African American Heritage Month.
Kamiichi Kurokawa Sites
The Kamiichi Kurokawa Sites (上市黒川遺跡群, Kamiichi Kurosawa iseki gun) is a group of archaeological sites in the town of Kamiichi, Toyama Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. It has been collectively protected as a National Historic Site since 1981.

Kamiichi, Toyama
Kamiichi (上市町, Kamiichi-machi) is a town located in Nakaniikawa District, Toyama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2018, the town had an estimated population of 20,827 in 7958 households  and a population density of 88 persons per km2. The total area of the town was 236.71 square kilometres (91.39 sq mi).
Mössbauer spectroscopy
Mössbauer spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique based on the Mössbauer effect. This effect, discovered by Rudolf Mössbauer (sometimes written "Moessbauer", German: "Mößbauer") in 1958, consists of the nearly recoil-free emission and absorption of nuclear gamma rays in solids. The consequent nuclear spectroscopy method is exquisitely sensitive to small changes in the chemical environment of certain nuclei.

Typically, three types of nuclear interactions may be observed: the isomer shift due to differences in nearby electron densities (also called the chemical shift in older literature), quadrupole splitting due to atomic-scale electric field gradients; and magnetic splitting due to non-nuclear magnetic fields. Due to the high energy and extremely narrow line widths of nuclear gamma rays, Mössbauer spectroscopy is a highly sensitive technique in terms of energy (and hence frequency) resolution, capable of detecting changes of just a few parts in 1011.

Nuclear spectroscopy
Nuclear spectroscopy is a superordinate concept of methods that uses properties of a nucleus to probe material properties. By emission or absorption of radiation from the nucleus information of the local structure is obtained, as an interaction of an atom with its closest neighbours. Or a radiation spectrum of the nucleus is detected. Most methods base on hyperfine interactions, which are the interaction of the nucleus with its interaction of its atom's electrons and their interaction with the nearest neighbor atoms as well as external fields. Nuclear spectroscopy is mainly applied to solids and liquids, rarely in gases. Its methods are important tools in condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry., and analysis of chemical composition (analytical chemistry).
Gennin
Gennin (元仁) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō; lit. "year name") after Jōō and before Karoku.  This period spanned the years from November 1224 to April 1225. The reigning emperor was Go-Horikawa-tennō (後堀河天皇).

Emperor Go-Horikawa
Emperor Go-Horikawa (後堀河天皇, Go-Horikawa-tennō) (22 March 1212 – 31 August 1234) was the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1221 through 1232.

This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 11th-century Emperor Horikawa and go- (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Horikawa". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Horikawa, the second," or as "Horikawa II."
Alliance High School (Ohio)
Alliance High School is a public high school in Alliance, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Alliance City School District. Its athletic teams compete as the Alliance Aviators in the Ohio High School Athletic Association as a member of the Eastern Buckeye Conference.

Alliance City School District
Alliance City Schools is a school district located in Stark County, Ohio, United States. There is one elementary school containing grades 2–3, and one early learning school containing only pre-school and kindergarten, one middle school, and one high school, and one intermediate school.
Summer school
Summer school (or summer university) is a school, or a program generally sponsored by a school or a school district, or provided by a private company, that provides lessons and activities during the summer vacation. Participation in summer schools has been shown to have substantial beneficial effects on education.

Summer vacation
The terms summer vacation, summer break and summer holiday refer to a school break in the summer between school years and the break in the school academic year, where students are off anywhere between two weeks to three and a half months. Depending on the country and district, staff might be partially or fully excluded.

In Spain, Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, Georgia, Lithuania, Latvia, Lebanon, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, and Vietnam, summer vacation generally lasts for three months. In Australia, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, the Netherlands, Germany and Mexico, summer vacation generally lasts for two to six weeks, but may sometimes last for three months.
South Korea national under-23 football team
The South Korea national under-23 football team (Korean: 대한민국 23세 이하 축구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea Republic by FIFA, and Republic of Korea by IOC) represents South Korea at football in the Olympic Games and Asian Games. It was founded when the Olympic football was changed to an under-23 competition. It also can be managed as an under-21 or under-22 team if necessary.

Korea Football Association
The Korea Football Association (Korean: 대한축구협회) is the governing body of football and futsal within South Korea. It sanctions professional, semi-professional and amateur football in South Korea. Founded in 1933, the governing body became affiliated with FIFA twenty years later in 1948, and the Asian Football Confederation in 1954.
Hezi (clothing)
Hezi (Chinese: 诃子), also known as moxiong (抹胸) in the Song dynasty, waxiong (袜胸), lanqun (襕裙), and Hehuan lanqun (合欢襕裙), is a type of ancient Chinese corset-like garment item, which is typically used as an undergarment or decorative over-garment accessory in hanfu. It originated from the Tang dynasty and its origin is attributed to the Tang dynasty imperial consort, Yang Guifei. The hezi was also used as an garment accessory in the qixiong ruqun; this Tang dynasty-style attire combination is sometimes referred as heziqun. The hezi became popular from the Tang to Ming dynasties. This garment item accessory bears resemblance to the Qing dynasty dudou but do not have the same construction and design. The Tang dynasty hezi and the Song dynasty moxiong are both garment items in hanfu which was revived in the 21st century following the Hanfu movement.

Dudou
A dudou (Chinese: 肚兜, 兜肚, or 兜兜; also known by other names) is a traditional Chinese article of clothing that covers the front of the torso, originally worn as an undershirt with medicinal properties. With the opening of China, it is sometimes encountered in Western and modern Chinese fashion as a sleeveless shirt and backless halter-top blouse.
City of London Freemen's School
City of London Freemen's School (CLFS) is a co-educational private school for day and boarding pupils, located at Ashtead Park in Surrey, England. It is a partner school of the City of London School and the City of London School for Girls, which are both independent single-sex schools located within the City of London itself. All three schools receive funding from the City's Cash. The school's head is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.

The Good Schools Guide described the school as "A traditional academic and sporty school in a stunning setting with impressive facilities but not at all elitist – in fact quite the opposite." In 2024, 33% of grades in A Levels were A* and 72% of grades were A*-A. In GCSEs, 40% of grades were 9, 67% were 8-9 (equivalent to A*) and 86% achieved 9-7 in GCSEs.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
Glas Gaibhnenn
Glas Gaibhnenn (Irish: Glas Gaibhnenn, Glas Ghaibhleann; Hiberno-English: Glas Gaivlen; Gloss Gavlen: pronunciation guide:/glas-gav-e-lan/;), in Irish folklore, is a prized fabulous cow of bounty (fertility) that yields profuse quantities of milk.

The cow is owned variously by a smith who may be named Gaivnin (hence reinforcing the notion that the cow's name is eponymous after him) or by the hero Cian mac Cáinte (sometimes called Mac Kineely), equivalent to Cian father of Lugh of mythology. The cow is stolen (or craftily regained) by Balar or Balor the strong-smiter.  The hero, in order to fulfill the quest to recover the cow, is transported by a banshee to a tower where Balor's daughter is sequestered, to produce a child destined to kill Balor.

Goibniu
In Irish mythology, Goibniu (Old Irish pronunciation: [ˈɡoβʲnʲu]; Modern Irish: Gaibhne) was the metalsmith of the Tuatha Dé Danann. He is believed to have been a smithing god and is also associated with hospitality. His name is related to the Welsh Gofannon and the Gaulish Gobannus.
Girolamo Li Causi
Girolamo Li Causi (1 January 1896 – 14 April 1977) was an Italian politician and a leader of the Italian Communist Party who was a prominent figure in the struggle for land reform and against the Mafia in Sicily. He labelled large estates (the latifondi) Sicily's central problem.

Mario Scelba
Mario Scelba (pronounced [ˈmaːrjo ʃˈʃɛlba] ⓘ; 5 September 1901 – 29 October 1991) was an Italian politician and statesman who was the 33rd prime minister of Italy from February 1954 to July 1955. A founder of Christian Democracy (DC), Scelba was one of the longest-serving Minister of the Interior in the history of the republic, having served at the Viminale Palace in three distinct terms from 1947 to 1962.

A fervent pro-Europeanist, Scelba was President of the European Parliament from March 1969 to March 1971. Known for his law and order policies, he was a key figure in Italy's post-war reconstruction, thanks to his drastic reorganization of the Italian police, which came out heavily disorganised from the war.
Viernes Negro
Viernes Negro (English: Black Friday) in Venezuela refers to Friday, 18 February 1983, when the Venezuelan bolívar was devalued substantially against the US dollar. This event caused a significant destabilization of the currency and the Venezuelan economy.

Luis Herrera Campins
Luis Antonio Herrera Campins (4 May 1925 – 9 November 2007) was the president of Venezuela from 1979 to 1984. He was elected to one five-year term in 1978. He was a member of COPEI, a Christian Democratic party.
Bu Sidra
Bu Sidra (Arabic: بوسدرة; also spelled Abu Sidra) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of Zone No. 55 which has a population of 283,675 and also includes New Fereej Al Ghanim, Al Aziziya, Al Waab, Fereej Al Soudan, Muaither, Al Mearad, Fereej Al Manaseer, Fereej Al Murra and Al Sailiya.

Fereej Al Manaseer is located to the immediate east.

Fereej Al Murra
Fereej Al Murra (Arabic: فريج المرة) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan. It is named after the Al Murrah tribe, who settled in the area in the 1960s.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of zone no. 55 which has a population of 283,675 and also includes Bu Sidra, Al Aziziya, Al Waab, Fereej Al Soudan, Muaither, Al Mearad, New Fereej Al Ghanim, Fereej Al Manaseer and Al Sailiya.

It borders Bu Sidra to the west, the Doha Industrial Area to the south, Ain Khaled to the east and south-east, New Fereej Al Ghanim to the east, and Al Aziziya to the north.
Gregorian telescope
The Gregorian telescope is a type of reflecting telescope designed by Scottish mathematician and astronomer James Gregory in the 17th century, and first built in 1673 by Robert Hooke. James Gregory was a contemporary of Isaac Newton, and both often worked simultaneously on similar projects. Gregory's design was published in 1663 and pre-dates the first practical reflecting telescope, the Newtonian telescope, built by Sir Isaac Newton in 1668. However, Gregory's design was only a theoretical description, and he never actually constructed the telescope. It was not successfully built until five years after Newton's first reflecting telescope.

James Short (mathematician)
James Short FRS (10 June O.S. (21 June N.S.) 1710 – 14 June 1768) was a Scottish mathematician and manufacturer of optical instruments, principally telescopes. During his 35-year career as a telescope-maker he produced approximately 1,360 scientific instruments.