hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Friedman
George Friedman (born February 1, 1949) is a Hungarian-born  American futurologist, political scientist, and writer. He is a geopolitical author on international relations. He is the founder and chairman of Geopolitical Futures. Prior to founding Geopolitical Futures, he was chairman of the publishing company Stratfor. He is best known for his 1991 book The Coming War With Japan, co-authored with his wife Meredith LeBard, which predicted a military conflict between the United States and Japan around 2020.

The Next 100 Years: A Forecast for the 21st Century
The Next 100 Years is a 2009 speculative nonfiction book by George Friedman. In the book, Friedman attempts to predict the major geopolitical events and trends of the 21st century. Friedman also speculates in the book on changes in technology and culture that may take place during this period.
Low rider bicycle luggage carrier
A low rider is type of luggage carrier for bicycles on which luggage can be carried with a low center of gravity. Low riders are most commonly used by cycling tourists who carry luggage in panniers on the front wheel.

For optimal balance the luggage on a front carrier should be placed low, and as closely as possible to the steering axis (in line with the head tube, a little behind the front wheel axis).

Bicycle touring
Bicycle touring is the taking of self-contained cycling trips for pleasure, adventure or autonomy rather than sport, commuting or exercise. Bicycle touring can range from single-day trips to extended travels spanning weeks or months. Tours may be planned by the participant or organized by a tourism business, local club or organization, or a charity as a fund-raising venture.
Elizabeth Stuart-Wortley, Baroness Wharncliffe
Caroline Elizabeth Mary Stuart-Wortley, Baroness Wharncliffe (née Crichton; 1779–1856), styled Lady Caroline Crichton from 1789 until her marriage, was an Irish-born British aristocrat and female artist known for her landscape and figurative drawing and painting. A number of these artworks are in the Tate collection and archives.

John Stuart-Wortley, 2nd Baron Wharncliffe
John Stuart-Wortley, 2nd Baron Wharncliffe FRS (20 April 1801 – 22 October 1855), was a British Tory politician. He served briefly as Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies between December 1834 and January 1835.
Kenneth Gentry
Kenneth L. Gentry Jr. (3 May 1950) is a Reformed theologian,  and an ordained minister in the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly. He is particularly known for his support for and publication on the topics of orthodox preterism and postmillennialism in Christian eschatology, as well as for theonomy and Young Earth creationism. He holds that each of these theological distinctives are logical and theological extensions of his foundational theology.

Before Jerusalem Fell
Before Jerusalem Fell: Dating The Book of Revelation is a 1989 book written by Kenneth Gentry based on his PhD dissertation from Whitefield Theological Seminary. The book is currently in its third edition and is published by American Vision in Atlanta, Georgia.
Ruins of Saint Paul's
The Ruins of Saint Paul's (Chinese: 大三巴牌坊; Portuguese: Ruínas de São Paulo) are the remnants of a 17th-century Catholic religious complex in Santo António, Macau. They include what was originally St. Paul's College and the Church of St. Paul (Igreja de São Paulo), also known as "Mater Dei", a 17th-century Portuguese church dedicated to Saint Paul the Apostle. Today, the ruins are one of Macau's best-known landmarks and were named one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World by the Portuguese government in 2010. In 2005, they were officially listed as part of the Historic Centre of Macau, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santo António, Macau
Santo António is a civil parish in the western portion of the Macau Peninsula of Macau. It has the highest population density in Macau (98,776 persons per km²).

This parish was one of five in the former Municipality of Macau, one of Macau's two municipalities that were abolished on 31 December 2001 by Law No. 17/2001, following the 1999 transfer of sovereignty over Macau from Portugal to China. While their administrative functions have since been removed, these parishes are still retained nominally.

It is north of the parish of Sé, south of Nossa Senhora de Fátima parish, west of São Lázaro parish, and east of the Inner Harbor (Porto Interior).
Luke's variational principle
In fluid dynamics, Luke's variational principle is a Lagrangian variational description of the motion of surface waves on a fluid with a free surface, under the action of gravity. This principle is named after J.C. Luke, who published it in 1967. This variational principle is for incompressible and inviscid potential flows, and is used to derive approximate wave models like the mild-slope equation, or using the averaged Lagrangian approach for wave propagation in inhomogeneous media.

Luke's Lagrangian formulation can also be recast into a Hamiltonian formulation in terms of the surface elevation and velocity potential at the free surface. This is often used when modelling the spectral density evolution of the free-surface in a sea state, sometimes called wave turbulence.

Both the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations can be extended to include surface tension effects, and by using Clebsch potentials to include vorticity.

Clebsch representation
In physics and mathematics, the Clebsch representation of an arbitrary three-dimensional vector field  is:

where the scalar fields  and  are known as Clebsch potentials or Monge potentials, named after Alfred Clebsch (1833–1872) and Gaspard Monge (1746–1818), and  is the gradient operator.
Everest Premier League
Everest Premier League (EPL) (Nepali: एभरेष्ट  प्रिमियर लिग) was a franchise Twenty20 cricket tournament organized by EPL Pvt. Ltd., a private group in Nepal. It was the biggest cricket tournament in the country, played during the northern winter calendar, mostly in the month of December. It was played in round-robin format in which top four teams qualify for the playoffs. The tournament was renowned for having high attendance among the domestic cricket of the ICC associate nations. The first edition of the tournament was held in September 2016 with six franchises consisting of domestic and international players. Chitwan Tigers are the defending champions after winning the 2021 season. From 2024 Nepal Premier League replaces the league.

Chitwan Tigers
Chitwan Tigers (Nepali: चितवन टाइगर्स) was a professional cricket franchise based in Chitwan, Nepal, that played in the Everest Premier League. It was owned by the IDS Group Pvt Ltd. National players like Dipendra Singh Airee, Dilip Nath and Lalit Singha Bhandari, as well as internationals Paul Stirling and former U-19 captain of the England Cricket Team, Max Holden, have been part of the team. In December 2018, the franchise signed a sponsorship deal with Tensberg beer. Chitwan Tigers won their maiden title of the Everest Premier League after defeating Pokhara Rhinos by 4 wickets in 2021.
Afumați, Ilfov
Afumați is a commune in the east of Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania, composed of a single village, Afumați. Its name is derived from the Romanian verb "a afuma", meaning to smoke food.

The commune is located 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of downtown Bucharest, on the left bank of the river Pasărea. The ruins of the Princely Court of Radu of Afumați, Voivode of Wallachia from 1522 to 1529, are located at the entrance in the commune.

Afumați is traversed by the DN2 road, which connects Bucharest to Urziceni. It is bordered on the north by Dascălu commune, on the west by Ștefăneștii de Jos commune, on the south by the town of Pantelimon, on the southeast by Găneasa commune, and on the northeast by Petrăchioaia commune.

Stadionul Comunal is a multi-use stadium located in Afumați. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of the CS Afumați football club.

Pantelimon, Ilfov
Pantelimon (Romanian pronunciation: [panteliˈmon]) is a town in Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania. The town — bordered to the west by the Romanian capital, Bucharest — has an area of 69 km2 (27 sq mi). Its name is derived from the Greek saint Panteleimon.
Odense Bulldogs
The Odense Bulldogs are a professional ice hockey team based in Odense, Denmark. They currently play in Ret&Råd Fyn Arena in the Bolbro area, as a part of the best Danish league Metal Ligaen, and they are furthermore the only hockey team from Funen. The team was founded in 1978 and was promoted to the top league in 1991. In the 2024/2025 season the Odense Bulldogs won their first ever Danish championship winning the final series 4-1 against Herning Blue Fox. The last time Odense Bulldogs was in the finals was in the 2011/2012 season, also against Herning Blue Fox who claimed the title winning three games in a row to make the series 4-3.

Herning Blue Fox
Herning Blue Fox is a Danish professional ice hockey team based in Herning, Denmark, playing in the Metal Ligaen, the top tier of Danish ice hockey. The club was founded in 1947 and play their home games in the KVIK Hockey Arena which has a capacity of 4,105 spectators.

The club has won the Danish championship 16 times with the last title coming in 2012.
BC Oostende
Basketball Club Oostende, for sponsorship reasons Filou Oostende, is a Belgian professional basketball team. The club is based in Ostend and was founded in 1970. The club competes domestically in the BNXT League and internationally in the Basketball Champions League. Oostende is the most successful basketball club in Belgian history, as the club's honour list includes a record twenty-six Belgian League championships, a record nineteen Belgian Cups and eleven Belgian Supercups.

BNXT Supercup
The BNXT Supercup is the super cup competition of the BNXT League, the top basketball in the Netherlands and Belgium. The super cup match is played by the Dutch champions and the Belgian champions of the previous season. The first Supercup was held on September 11, 2021. Filou Oostende won the inaugural title.
Irsina
Irsina, until 1895 called Montepeloso (in local dialect: Montepelòse or Mondepelòse), is a town, comune (municipality) and former Latin bishopric in the province of Matera, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Manipur fulvetta
The Manipur fulvetta  or streak-throated fulvetta (Fulvetta manipurensis) is a bird species in the family Paradoxornithidae.  It is named for the state of Manipur in Northeast India. Like the other typical fulvettas, it was long included in the Timaliidae genus Alcippe or in the Sylviidae. In addition, it was long included in F. cinereiceps as a subspecies, and the common name "streak-throated fulvetta" was applied to all these birds. The typical F. cinereiceps are now called grey-hooded fulvetta.

It is found in Northeast India, Myanmar and Yunnan.

Its natural habitat is temperate forest. Its status was first evaluated for the IUCN Red List in 2008, being listed as a Species of Least Concern.

Fulvetta
Fulvetta is a genus of passerine birds. Originally proposed in 1877, it was recently reestablished for the typical fulvettas, which were long included with their presumed relatives in the Timaliidae (Old World babbler) genus Alcippe. But they are actually quite closely related to the parrotbills, and are thus now placed in the family Paradoxornithidae.
The Shadow of Your Smile
"The Shadow of Your Smile", also known as "Love Theme from The Sandpiper", is a popular song with music by Johnny Mandel and lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. The song was introduced in an instrumental version in the 1965 film The Sandpiper, with a trumpet solo by Jack Sheldon, and later became a minor hit for Tony Bennett in a version arranged and conducted by Mandel. It won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year and the Academy Award for Best Original Song. In 2004, the song finished at number 77 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs poll of the top tunes in American cinema.

The Sandpiper
The Sandpiper is a 1965 American drama film directed by Vincente Minnelli and starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton, the third of eleven films starring the power couple. The film explores the relationship between a repressed religious-school headmaster and a free-spirited California artist in the years bridging the beatnik and hippie movements of the 60's.
SQL/JRT
SQL/JRT, or SQL Routines and Types for the Java Programming Language, is an extension to the SQL standard first published as ISO/IEC 9075-13:2002 (part 13 of SQL:1999). SQL/JRT specifies the ability to invoke static Java methods as routines from within SQL applications, commonly referred to as "Java stored procedures". SQL/JRT also calls for the ability to use Java classes as SQL structured user-defined types. The two parts of the extension originate from the earlier ANSI SQLJ part 1 and 2 standards (not to be confused with SQLJ part 0, which defined an embedding of SQL into Java, later standardized by ISO as SQL/OLB).

SQL:1999
SQL:1999 (also called SQL 3) was the fourth revision of the SQL database query language. It introduced many new features, many of which required clarifications in the subsequent SQL:2003. In the meanwhile SQL:1999 is deprecated.
Khalid ibn Sa'id
Khālid ibn Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ (Arabic: خالد بن سعيد بن العاص; d. 634 CE), also known as Abu Sa'id, was a companion to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a general under the Rashidun Caliphate.

He was one of the members of Banu Umayya of the Quraysh tribe. Khalid converted to Islam before 613 CE along with his brother Amr. He migrated to Abyssinia along with his wife Hamaniya, where he acted as Umm Habiba's wali when she married Muhammad while she was in Abyssinia.

In 633, he was appointed commander of Syrian campaign by Abu Bakr. In 634, he married Umm Hakim bint al-Harith ibn Hisham on the evening preceding battle of Marj al-Saffar, he was killed in the battle.

Umm Habiba
Ramla bint Abi Sufyan ibn Harb (Arabic: رَمْلَة بِنْت أَبِي سُفْيَان ٱبْن حَرْب, romanized: Ramla bint Abī Sufyān ibn Ḥarb; c. 589 or 594–665), commonly known by her kunya Umm Habiba (Arabic: أُمُّ حَبِيبَة, romanized: Umm Ḥabība), was a wife of Muhammad.
Convex preferences
In economics, convex preferences are an individual's ordering of various outcomes, typically with regard to the amounts of various goods consumed, with the property that, roughly speaking, "averages are better than the extremes". This implies that the consumer prefers a variety of goods to having more of a single good. The concept roughly corresponds to the concept of diminishing marginal utility without requiring utility functions.

Quasiconvex function
In mathematics, a quasiconvex function is a real-valued function defined on an interval or on a convex subset of a real vector space such that the inverse image of any set of the form  is a convex set. For a function of a single variable, along any stretch of the curve the highest point is one of the endpoints. The negative of a quasiconvex function is said to be quasiconcave.

Quasiconvexity is a more general property than convexity in that all convex functions are also quasiconvex, but not all quasiconvex functions are convex. Univariate unimodal functions are quasiconvex or quasiconcave, however this is not necessarily the case for functions with multiple arguments. For example, the 2-dimensional Rosenbrock function is unimodal but not quasiconvex and functions with star-convex sublevel sets can be unimodal without being quasiconvex.
Martin Murphy Sr.
Martin Murphy Sr. (November 12, 1785 – March 17, 1865) was an Irish-born American farmer, and an early settler. He founded the town of San Martin, California. He was the patriarch of the Murphy family, who were on the first wagon train to cross the Sierra Nevada, they were early settlers in California, and founders of early Santa Clara Valley.

Murphy family
The Murphy family is an American family of Irish heritage that was heavily involved in the development of California ranches and real estate in the 19th and 20th centuries. They controlled at one time or another large swathes of California real estate, particularly in the Santa Clara County, much of it derived from Mexican land grants.
Shields Ferry
The Shields Ferry operates across the River Tyne, between North Shields and South Shields in Tyne and Wear, England. The service is operated by the Nexus, the Tyne and Wear PTE. Prior to takeover by the PTE in 1972, it was known as the Market Place Ferry.

Nexus (transport executive)
The Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive, branded as Nexus, is an executive body of the North East Combined Authority and is best known for owning and operating the Tyne and Wear Metro. It replaced the Tyneside PTE on 1 April 1974.
Toomas Järveoja
Toomas Järveoja (born 23 April 1961) is an Estonian politician. He is a member of XIV Riigikogu.

He was born in Elva. In 1984, he graduated from Tallinn University of Technology.

From 2011 until 2015, he was the mayor of Elva. His son is rally co-driver Martin Järveoja.

Martin Järveoja
Martin Järveoja (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈmɑr.tin ˈjær.ʋeˈojɑ]; born 18 August 1987) is an Estonian rally co-driver. He is currently teamed with Ott Tänak and is competing for Hyundai Motorsport in the World Rally Championship.
Aliabad District
The Ali abad District (ولسوالی علی‌آباد) is situated in the southern part of Kunduz Province, Afghanistan. It borders the Baghlan Province to the south, Chahar dara District to the west, Kunduz and Khan Abad districts to the north and Takhar Province to the east.

The population was 41,700 in 2006, consisting of these ethnic groups:

30% Pashtuns

30% Uzbeks

20% Tajiks

20% Hazaras

54,207||  || 47% Pashtuns, 33% Tajik, 12% Hazara, 8% Uzbek

The district center is 'Aliabad, located in the central part of the district on the road between Kunduz and Baghlan. The district is generally poor and seriously affected by the drought. The German reconstruction team is working on a new dam.

Khan Abad District
Khan Abad District (ولسوالی خان‌آباد) is situated in the eastern part of Kunduz Province, Afghanistan. It borders Kunduz District to the west, Archi District to the northeast, Takhar Province to the east and Ali abad District to the south. The population is 140,600 (2006): 40% Pashtun, 20% Hazara, 25% Tajik, 10% Uzbek and 5% Pashai. The district center is the town of Khan Abad, located in the central part of the district.

Many houses were destroyed during the wars. Landmines are a serious problem affecting rehabilitation. The drought has not affected this district and the condition of the land is very good and most of it is irrigated. Farming is the main source of income.
Welsh League
The Welsh League was the first club rugby league competition in Wales. Its inaugural season was in 1908/09 when four additional teams were formed to join Ebbw Vale RLFC and Merthyr Tydfil RLFC, which allowed a league tournament to take place. The Welsh League ran for just two seasons, after three of the teams, Aberdare, Barry and Mid-Rhondda left the Northern Union and ceased playing rugby in the first season; followed by the collapse of Treherbert in 1910. Both seasons were won by Ebbw Vale.

Barry RLFC
Barry Rugby League Football Club was a professional rugby league club based in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales playing in the Welsh League and Northern Union. Based at the Trinity Street Ground in Barry, the club was one of the first professional Welsh teams, formed in 1908 but folded after just a single season.
Orondo, Washington
Orondo is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Washington, United States, located alongside the eastern part of the Columbia River. It is part of the Wenatchee–East Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area is well known for its robust agriculture industry, and produce fruits such as apples, cherries and pears. The name was derived from a mythical Great Lake Indian and was first settled in the late 19th century by late Washington politician, John B. Smith.

The Auvil Fruit Company is located in Orondo. With the help of founder Grady Auvil, the company introduced the apple cultivar Granny Smith, thus establishing the M26 root stock and fostering quality production of Fuji Apples in Washington State.

The town supports a U.S. Post Office, an elementary school, and a multitude of fruit stands along U.S. Highway 97.

According to United States Census, the population is estimated to be 1995 with a marginal error of 338 as of 2017.

Wenatchee–East Wenatchee metropolitan area
The Wenatchee–East Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Chelan and Douglas Counties in Washington state, anchored by the cities of Wenatchee and East Wenatchee. According to the 2000 census the MSA had a population of 99,219.  The 2010 census showed the MSA had a population increase of 11.76% to 110,884. As of 2015, the Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area was the 331st largest MSA in the United States.
Koji Nakagawa
Koji Nakagawa (中川 浩二, Nakagawa Koji; born June 26, 1968) is a Japanese semi-retired professional wrestler best known for his work in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) between 1992 and 2002. He is perhaps best known for his “Hitman” character, heavily inspired by Canadian professional wrestler Bret Hart. Nakagawa also wrestled as Goemon between 2000 and 2002, a dark thief character that was eventually killed and turned into a ghost in storyline.

WEW 6-Man Tag Team Championship
The WEW 6-Man Tag Team Championship was a championship in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and later in World Entertainment Wrestling. It was active from July 1999 until February 2002 as a substitute for the FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship. The final champions were Hayabusa, Tetsuhiro Kuroda and GOEMON. They were stripped of the belts on November 5, 2001 when Hayabusa sustained an injury that left him unable to defend the title. The promotion closed in February 2002. The title was later revived in Kodo Fuyuki's World Entertainment Wrestling promotion in 2002 and was used there until the promotion closed on May 5, 2004.
KW postcode area
The KW postcode area, also known as the Kirkwall postcode area, is a group of sixteen postcode districts in the far north of Scotland, within fifteen post towns. These cover Caithness (including Wick, Thurso, Halkirk, Berriedale, Dunbeath, Latheron and Lybster), east Sutherland (including Golspie, Brora, Helmsdale, Kinbrace and Forsinard) and the Orkney Islands.

Mail for the KW postcode area is processed at Inverness Mail Centre, along with mail for the IV and HS postcode areas.

HS postcode area
The HS postcode area, also known as the Outer Hebrides postcode area, is a group of nine postcode districts, within eight post towns, covering the Outer Hebrides in Scotland.

It is the UK's newest postcode area, the Outer Hebrides formerly being part of the PA postcode area (forming PA80 - PA87 until January 1995).

Mail for the HS postcode area is processed at Inverness Mail Centre, along with mail for the IV and KW postcode areas.