hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vileyka-Barysaw Death Road
The Vileyka-Barysaw Death Road refers to the compelled evacuation and massacre of inmates from the prison in the city of Vileyka, then in occupied Poland and now in Belarus. The liquidation of the prison, carried out by the NKVD after the German invasion of the USSR, began on June 24, 1941. The prisoners were formed into several marching columns and then forcibly marched eastward towards Barysaw. During the march, an estimated 500 to 800 prisoners died at the hands of guards. Those who managed to reach Barysaw were then transported by train to Ryazan. This atrocity was one of several prisoner massacres carried out by the Soviet secret police and army during the summer of 1941.

NKVD prisoner massacres
The NKVD prisoner massacres were a series of mass executions of political prisoners carried out by the NKVD, the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union, across Eastern Europe, primarily in Poland, Ukraine, the Baltic states, and Bessarabia. After the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, NKVD troops were supposed to evacuate political prisoners to the interior of the Soviet Union, but the hasty retreat of the Red Army, a lack of transportation and other supplies, and general disregard for legal procedures often led to prisoners being simply executed.

Estimates of the death toll vary by location; nearly 9,000 in the Ukrainian SSR, 20,000–30,000 in eastern Poland (now part of Western Ukraine), with the total number reaching approximately 100,000 extrajudicial executions in the span of a few weeks.
Armenia Davis Cup team
The Armenia men's national tennis team represents Armenia in Davis Cup tennis competitions and are governed by the Armenian Tennis Federation.

Armenia currently competes in the fourth group of Europe zone. They reached the Group II quarterfinals in 2001.

Tennis Federation of Armenia
The Tennis Federation of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի թենիսի ֆեդերացիա), also known as the Armenian Tennis Federation, is the regulating body of tennis in Armenia, governed by the Armenian Olympic Committee. The headquarters of the federation is located in Yerevan.
George Santayana
George Santayana (born Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952) was a Spanish and U.S. philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. Born in Spain, he moved to the United States at the age of eight.

As a philosopher, Santayana is known for aphorisms, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it", and "Only the dead have seen the end of war", and his definition of beauty as "pleasure objectified". Although an atheist, Santayana respected the culture of the Spanish Catholic values, practices, and worldview, in which he was raised. As an intellectual, George Santayana was a broad-range cultural critic in several academic disciplines.

At the age of 48, he left his academic position at Harvard University and permanently returned to Europe; his last will was to be buried in the Spanish Pantheon in the Campo di Verano, Rome.

The Last Puritan
The Last Puritan: A Memoir in the Form of a Novel is a 1935 novel by the Spanish-American philosopher George Santayana. Set primarily in the fictional town of Great Falls, Connecticut, it relates the life of Oliver Alden, the descendant of an old Boston family. Santayana wrote of the novel that "it gives the emotions of my experiences, and not my thoughts or experiences themselves."

Alden's life demonstrates "the essential tragedy of the late-born Puritan." In the Prologue, Santayana explains that, "in Oliver puritanism worked itself out to its logical end. He convinced himself, on puritan grounds, that it was wrong to be a puritan." The tragic aspect is that in spite of his realization he maintained the character that was his cultural bequest.
Robert Beheathland
Captain Robert Beheathland (or Behethland, born before 1587 - d. 1627) in St Endellion, Cornwall, England, was an English gentleman who arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607 aboard one of the three founding ships, likely the Susan Constant. He is noteworthy as the only original 1607 Jamestown colonist having documented descendants (Dade family and Powell family) living today.

Ancient planter
"Ancient planter" (sometimes called ancient colony men) was a term applied to early colonists who migrated to the Colony of Virginia when the settlement was managed privately by the Virginia Company of London. A colonist received a land grant if they remained in Virginia for at least three years. Under the terms of the "Instructions to Governor Yeardley" (issued in 1618), these colonists received the first land grants in the New World.
Samson (locomotive)
The Samson is an English-built railroad steam locomotive made in 1838 that ran on the Albion Mines Railway in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is preserved at the Nova Scotia Museum of Industry in Stellarton, Nova Scotia and is the oldest locomotive in Canada.

Timothy Hackworth
Timothy Hackworth (22 December 1786 – 7 July 1850) was an English steam locomotive engineer who lived in Shildon, County Durham, England and was the first locomotive superintendent of the Stockton and Darlington Railway.
Retrognathism
Retrognathia is a type of malocclusion which refers to an abnormal posterior positioning of the maxilla or mandible, particularly the mandible, relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues.

A retrognathic mandible is commonly referred to as an overbite, though this terminology is not used medically.

Overbite
Overbite is the extent of vertical (superior-inferior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors, measured relative to the incisal ridges.

The term overbite does not refer to a specific condition, nor is it a form of malocclusion. Rather an absent or excess overbite would be a malocclusion. Normal overbite is not measured in exact terms, but as a proportion (approximately 30–50% of the height of the mandibular incisors) and is commonly expressed as a percentage.
Strawberry Square
Strawberry Square is a mixed-use retail and commercial complex located in downtown Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It is owned and managed by the Harristown Development Corporation (HDC), a non-profit organization.

Harrisburg University of Science and Technology
Harrisburg University of Science & Technology, commonly referred to as Harrisburg University (HU), is a private STEM-focused university in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, with an additional location in Philadelphia. Founded in 2001 as Harrisburg Polytechnic Institute, it offers STEM-focused degree and certificate programs.

Harrisburg University places special emphasis on education in fields related to engineering, applied science and technology and offers 15 bachelor's degrees, 13 master's degrees, and 3 doctoral degrees and certificate programs. The university is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Marimbona
The Marimbona river is located in northern Madagascar and crosses the Route Nationale 5 near Soanierana Ivongo.
It has its springs near Andilamena (Alaotra Mangoro), forms the southern border of the Ambatovaky Reserve, passes Andapafito and flows into the Indian Ocean north of Soanierana Ivongo.

Soanierana Ivongo
Soanierana Ivongo is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Soanierana Ivongo, which is a part of Analanjirofo Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 26,990 in 2018.

Soanierana Ivongo Ville has a riverine harbour. In addition to primary schooling the town offers secondary education at both junior and senior levels. The town provides access to hospital services to its citizens.
24 fokontany (villages) are part of this municipality.

The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are cloves and lychee, while other important agricultural products are coffee, rice and vanilla.  Services provide employment for 15% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 5% of the population.
Vittoria Aleotti
Vittoria Aleotti (c. 1575 – after 1620), believed by some scholars to be the same as Raffaella Aleotta (c. 1570 – after 1646) was an Italian Augustinian nun, a composer and organist of the late Renaissance and early Baroque periods. She is recognized as one of the earliest known female composers to have works published, contributing to the development of sacred and secular vocal music.

Aleotti was a nun at the Convent of San Vito in Ferrara, where she composed and performed music. Her published works include madrigals and sacred motets, notably appearing in the 1593 collection Il giardino de’ musici di Donne. Some scholars believe she may also have been the composer known as Raffaella Aleotti, who published a collection of sacred motets in 1593.

Her contributions to music were significant in an era when female composers were rare, and her works remain a subject of interest in studies of women in Renaissance music.

Augustinian nuns
Augustinian nuns are the most ancient and continuous segment of the Augustinian religious order. Named after Augustine of Hippo, there are several Catholic religious communities of women living according to a guide to religious life known as the Rule of St. Augustine. Prominent Augustinian nuns include the canonized Italian mystics Clare of Montefalco and Rita of Cascia.
Assumpsit
Assumpsit ("he has undertaken", from Latin, assumere), or more fully, action in assumpsit, was a form of action at common law used to enforce what are now called obligations arising in tort and contract; and in some common law jurisdictions, unjust enrichment. The origins of the action can be traced to the 14th century, when litigants seeking justice in the royal courts turned from the writs of covenant and debt to the trespass on the case.

Money had and received
An action for money had and received to the plaintiff's use is the name for a common law claim derived from the form of action known as indebitatus assumpsit. The action enabled one person to recover money which has been received by another: for example, where a plaintiff paid money to the defendant while labouring under a mistake of fact or where there was a total failure of consideration. The action was a personal action only available in respect of money, rather than other benefits. Where the benefit received by the defendant was services or goods, the appropriate action was a quantum meruit or a quantum valebant, respectively.

The action for money had and received formed a part of the law of quasi-contract. Although the forms of action were abolished in the mid-19th century, reference continues to be made to the action in modern pleading. The terminology of "quasi-contract" has been replaced by the more modern terminology of unjust enrichment in most common law jurisdictions.
94th Fighter Aviation Regiment
The 94th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Serbo-Croatian: 94. lovački puk / 94. ловачки пук) was an aviation regiment established in 1944 as 111th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Serbo-Croatian: 111. vazduhoplovni lovački puk / 111. ваздухопловни ловачки пук) formed from Yugoslav partisan aviators, trained and equipped by Soviet Air Force.

39th Aviation Division
The 39th Aviation Division (Serbo-Croatian: 39. vazduhoplovna divizija/ 39. ваздухопловна дивизија) was a unit originally established in 1947 as the 5th Aviation Fighter Division (Serbo-Croatian: 5. vazduhoplovna lovačka divizija / 5. ваздухопловна ловачка дивизија).
Messerschmitt KR175
The Messerschmitt KR175 microcar (1953–1955) was the first vehicle built by Messerschmitt under its 1952 agreement with Fritz Fend. In concept, although not in actual design, it was, in principle, a development of the Fend Flitzer invalid carriage. Approximately 15,000 were built before it was replaced by the Messerschmitt KR200 in 1955.

Vehicle canopy
A vehicle canopy is a rarely used type of door for cars. It has no official name so it is also known as an articulated canopy, bubble canopy, cockpit canopy, canopy door, or simply a canopy. A canopy is a type of door which sits on top of a car and lifts up in some way, to provide access for passengers. It is similar to an aircraft canopy. There are no established sub-types of canopies, so they can be hinged at the front, side, or back, although hinging at the front is most common. Canopy doors are rarely used on production cars, and are sometimes used on concept cars.
Achirus klunzingeri
The brown sole (Achirus klunzingeri) is a sole of the genus Achirus native to the eastern Pacific from central Mexico to northernmost Peru. This demersal species growth up to 23 cm (9.1 in). It is found at depths of 10–40 m on sandy and muddy grounds and may enter fresh waters in estuaries and mangroves. Its diet consists of invertebrates, small fishes, pelagic eggs and larvae.

Achirus
Achirus is a genus of American soles native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas. They are mainly found in coastal areas, including salt and brackish water, but some species are found in fresh water.
Bash at the Beach (1996)
The 1996 Bash at the Beach was the third annual Bash at the Beach professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It took place on July 7, 1996 from the Ocean Center in Daytona Beach, Florida. The event is best remembered for Hulk Hogan's heel turn and the formation of the New World Order (nWo), which contributed greatly to the success of WCW in the mid-to-late 1990s.

The main event was a tag team match between The Outsiders (Kevin Nash and Scott Hall) and their mystery partner (revealed to be Hulk Hogan), and Macho Man Randy Savage, Sting and Lex Luger. Matches on the undercard included Ric Flair against Konnan for the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship, and Dean Malenko against Disco Inferno for the WCW Cruiserweight Championship. As of 2014, the event is available on the WWE Network.

WCW Bash at the Beach
Bash at the Beach was a yearly professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It was the company's PPV for the month of July, held from 1994–2000. As the title implied, the show centered on a beach theme.

Due to its beach theme, the stage where wrestlers made their entrances was decorated with beach related items, such as surfboards and sand. The beach theme lended to its summer scheduling of July. The theme was also reflected in the places where WCW chose to hold the event; all of the shows emanated from cities in either Florida or California, two U.S. states renowned for their warm weather. It was WCW's response to the World Wrestling Federation's SummerSlam.
Canadian Sea King replacement
From 1983 onwards, a replacement was sought for the aging Canadian Armed Forces Sikorsky CH-124 Sea King helicopters. Due to fiscal and political issues, the process was repeatedly delayed. In 1987, 35 EH101s were on order, but these were cancelled for budget reasons in 1993. The CH-148 Cyclone, a variant of the Sikorsky H-92 Superhawk, was selected in 2004, with deliveries delayed until 2015. The last CH-124s were retired in 2018.

Sikorsky CH-124 Sea King
The Sikorsky CH-124 Sea King (formerly CHSS-2) is a twin-engined anti-submarine warfare (ASW) helicopter designed for shipboard use by Canadian naval forces, based on the US Navy's SH-3 Sea King. Most CH-124s were assembled in Quebec by United Aircraft of Canada. The CH-124 served with the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) and Canadian Armed Forces from 1963 to 2018.
Gardner's Gut
Gardner's Gut is an extensive cave system in the Waitomo area of New Zealand. It is located in the Ruakuri Caves & Bush Scenic Reserve, an area that also contains a number of other natural features of note. The reserve is administered by New Zealand's Department of Conservation (DOC). With a length of over 12 km of explored passages, it is New Zealand's 6th largest known cave system, and the largest in the North Island.

Waitomo
Waitomo, officially Waitomo Caves, is a rural community in the King Country region of New Zealand's North Island. There are several solutional cave systems in the area around the village, which are popular tourist attractions. Restaurants and accommodation are centred in the village to serve visiting tourists.

The word Waitomo comes from the Māori language: wai meaning water and tomo meaning a doline or sinkhole; it can thus be translated to be "water passing through a hole". The caves are formed in Oligocene limestone.

The historic Waitomo Caves Hotel is located in Waitomo Caves village.
Petworth Neighborhood Library
38°56′32″N 77°01′34″W﻿ / ﻿38.942188°N 77.026109°W﻿ / 38.942188; -77.026109

The Petworth Neighborhood Library is a branch of the District of Columbia Public Library in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. It is located at 4200 Kansas Avenue NW.

Petworth (Washington, D.C.)
Petworth is a neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. While largely residential, Petworth is home to a notable commercial corridor of shops and restaurants, primarily along Georgia Avenue and Upshur Street, as well as a portion of 14th Street. The neighborhood is accessible via the Georgia Ave–Petworth station on the Green Line of the Washington Metro.
Shimazaki Masaki
Shimazaki Masaki (島崎 正樹; 1834–1886) was a Japanese gōnō, honjin master, student of kokugaku, and Shinto priest. He was the father of Shimazaki Tōson. He primarily wrote under the name of Aratamanoya (璞堂), but later in life also adopted the names Shizunoya (静舎; transl. "house of serenity") and finally Kanzanrō (観山楼). His courtesy name was Sachio (禎夫), and he was referred to by relatives as Kichizaemon (吉左衛門), the family's hereditary name.

Tōson Shimazaki
Tōson Shimazaki (島崎 藤村, Shimazaki Tōson; Japanese pronunciation: [toꜜː.soɴ], 25 March 1872 – 22 August 1943) was the pen-name of Haruki Shimazaki, a Japanese writer active in the Meiji, Taishō and early Shōwa periods of Japan. He began his career as a Romantic poet, but went on to establish himself as a major proponent of Japanese Naturalism. The historical novel Before the Dawn (1929–1935), about the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate, is his most popular work.
Villa Giulia
The Villa Giulia is a villa in Rome, Italy. It is named after Pope Julius III, who had it built in 1551–1553 on what was then the edge of the city. Today it is publicly owned, and houses the Museo Nazionale Etrusco, a collection of Etruscan art and artifacts.

Nymphaeum
A nymphaeum (Latin pl.: nymphaea) or nymphaion (Ancient Greek: νυμφαῖον, romanized: nymphaîon), in ancient Greece and Rome, was a monument consecrated to the nymphs, especially those of springs.

These monuments were originally natural grottoes, which tradition assigned as habitations to the local nymphs. They were sometimes so arranged as to furnish a supply of water, as at Pamphylian Side. A nymphaeum dedicated to a local water nymph, Coventina, was built along Hadrian's Wall, in the northernmost reach of the Roman Empire. Subsequently, artificial grottoes took the place of natural ones.
Night hag
The night hag is the name given to a supernatural creature, commonly associated with the phenomenon of sleep paralysis. It is a phenomenon in which the sleeper feels the presence of a supernatural, malevolent being which immobilizes the person as if sitting on their chest or the foot of their bed. The word "night-mare" or "nightmare" was used to describe this phenomenon before the word received its modern, more general meaning. Various cultures have various names for this phenomenon and supernatural character.

Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome
Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (SADS) is the sudden and unexpected death of adolescents and adults caused by cardiac arrest. However, the exact cause of the cardiac arrest, and thus the exact cause of death, is unknown. These deaths occur mainly during sleep or at rest. One type of conduction defect known as Brugada syndrome can be responsible.

The syndrome is rare in most areas around the world but occurs in populations that are culturally and genetically distinct. It was first noted in 1977 among southeast Asian Hmong refugees in the United States and Canada. The syndrome was again noted in Singapore when a retrospective review of records showed that 230 otherwise healthy Thai foreign workers living in Singapore died suddenly of unexplained causes between 1982 and 1990.
Whither Must I Wander
"Whither Must I Wander" is a song composed by Ralph Vaughan Williams whose lyrics consist of a poem by Robert Louis Stevenson. The Stevenson poem, entitled Home no more home to me, whither must I wander?, forms part of the collection of poems and songs called Songs of Travel and Other Verses published in 1895, and is originally intended to be sung to the tune of "Wandering Willie" by Robert Burns.

Between 1901 and 1904 Vaughan Williams set nine of Stevenson's poems to music in his song cycle Songs of Travel, in which Whither Must I Wander, arranged in 1902, constitutes song no. 7.

In 2005, Martha Wainwright included the song on her debut album Martha Wainwright.

Songs of Travel
Songs of Travel is a song cycle of nine songs originally written for baritone voice and piano, composed by Ralph Vaughan Williams, with poems drawn from the Robert Louis Stevenson collection Songs of Travel and Other Verses. A complete performance of the entire cycle lasts between 20 and 24 minutes.

Vaughan Williams orchestrated the first, third, and eighth songs, and his assistant Roy Douglas later orchestrated the remaining songs using the same instrumentation. The orchestral version has often been recorded but not always with Douglas acknowledged as its co-orchestrator.

Notable performers of this cycle include Sir Bryn Terfel, Sir Thomas Allen, Sir John Tomlinson, Roderick Williams, James Gilchrist, Benjamin Luxon and John Shirley-Quirk.

The first complete recording by a female singer of this traditionally male-performed song cycle was made by Karina Bray and publicly released in August 2025, marking a notable milestone.
West Virginia Route 98
West Virginia Route 98 is an east–west state highway located in the Clarksburg, West Virginia area. The western terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 50 west of Clarksburg. The eastern terminus is at West Virginia Route 20 in Nutter Fort, immediately south of Clarksburg.

Clarksburg, West Virginia
Clarksburg is a city in Harrison County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 16,039 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in West Virginia. It is the principal city of the Clarksburg micropolitan area in North Central West Virginia, which had a population of 90,434 in 2020.
Leesville, Texas
Leesville is an unincorporated city in the Gonzales-Guadalupe County area in Texas, United States.  The community had a population of 384 residents as of 2018.

The town was founded in 1874 and was named Leesburg for founder Newburn H. Guinn's daughter, Lee Guinn. The town was renamed Leesville by the U.S. Postal Service and was recognized by state law in 1891.

Leesville is notable for its rich, well-documented history. It is also home to a $149 million water facility and 40-mile pipeline that stores and moves to 11.6 million gallons of water toward the Greater San Antonio area.

Greater San Antonio
Greater San Antonio, officially designated San Antonio–New Braunfels, is an eight-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The metropolitan area straddles South Texas and Central Texas and is on the southwestern corner of the Texas Triangle. The official 2020 U.S. census showed the metropolitan area's population at 2,558,143—up from a reported 1,711,103 in 2000—making it the 24th largest metropolitan area in the United States. Downtown Austin and Downtown San Antonio are approximately 80 miles (129 km) apart, and both fall along the Interstate 35 corridor. This combined metropolitan region of San Antonio–Austin has approximately 5.1 million people.

San Antonio–New Braunfels is the third-largest metro area in Texas, after Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington and Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land.