hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ocean Wave (sidewheeler)
Ocean Wave was a steamboat that was operated from 1891 to 1897 on the Columbia River, from 1897 to 1899 on Puget Sound and from 1899 to 1911 as a ferry on San Francisco Bay.  Ocean Wave is perhaps best known for transporting summer vacationers from Portland, Oregon to seaside resorts near Ilwaco, Washington during its service on the Columbia River.  This vessel is also known for being the first ferry placed in service by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.

Telephone (sternwheeler)
Telephone was a sternwheel-driven steamboat built in 1884 by Captain Uriah Bonsor "U.B." Scott for service on the Columbia River. Reputedly the fastest steamboat in the world in its time, Telephone served on the Columbia River and San Francisco Bay.  Telephone was rebuilt at least twice.  The first time was after a fire in 1887 which nearly destroyed the vessel.  The reconstructed and much larger second vessel was sometimes referred to as Telephone No. 2.  The third vessel, Telephone No. 3, built in 1903 and using components from the second steamer was larger but little used during its time on the Columbia river.
Ōtsu District, Yamaguchi
Ōtsu (大津郡, Ōtsu-gun) was a district located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district had an estimated population of 18,761. The total area was 205.49 km2.

Until March 21, 2005, the district had three towns.

Heki

Misumi

Yuya

On March 22, 2005, the towns of Heki, Misumi and Yuya were merged into the expanded city of Nagato. Ōtsu District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

Nagato, Yamaguchi
Nagato (長門市, Nagato-shi) is a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.  As of 28 February 2023, the city had an estimated population of 31,518 in 15537 households and a population density of 88 persons per km². The total area of the city is 357.31 square kilometres (137.96 sq mi).
Pachyosteosclerosis
Pachyosteosclerosis is a combination of thickening (pachyostosis) and densification (osteosclerosis) of bones. It makes bones more heavy, but also more fragile. The condition often occurs in aquatic vertebrates, especially those living in shallow waters, creating ballast as an adaptation for maintaining neutral buoyancy and horizontal trim. It is in no way pathological. To resist bend, it frequently is found especially in ventral bones, whereas concentration near the lungs helps in maintaining trim.
Examples of animals showing pachyosteosclerosis are seacows (dugongs and manatees), the extinct Plesiosauria and Mesosauria and extinct aquatic sloths.

Mesosaur
Mesosaurs ("middle lizards") are members of the extinct reptilian order Mesosauria and family Mesosauridae that lived during the Early Permian period. Mesosaurs were the first known aquatic reptiles, having apparently returned to an aquatic lifestyle from more terrestrial ancestors. Fossils have been found in southern Africa (Namibia, South Africa) and South America (Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay), around the shorelines of the former Irati–Whitehill sea, an epicontinental sea that covered parts of southern Pangaea during the Early Permian. Most authors consider mesosaurs to have been aquatic, although adult animals may have been amphibious, rather than completely aquatic, as indicated by their moderate skeletal adaptations to a semiaquatic lifestyle. Similarly, their affinities are uncertain; they may have been among the most basal sauropsids or among the most basal parareptiles (in the case of which parareptiles were basal sauropsids).
Georgia-Mae Fenton
Georgia-Mae Fenton (born 2 November 2000) is an English artistic gymnast and a member of both the British national gymnastics team and the England Commonwealth Games gymnastics squad. She is the 2018 and 2022 Commonwealth champion on uneven bars, and a member of the gold medal-winning England team in 2022. With Great Britain, she was part of the team that won silver at both the 2022 European Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships and 2022 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, before winning the gold medal, the first for a British women's team, at the 2023 European Artistic Gymnastics Championships.

Domestically, Fenton is a four-time English champion and a two-time British champion.

Ruby Evans
Ruby Grace Evans (born 17 March 2007) is a Welsh artistic gymnast and a member of the British national team. She represented Great Britain at the 2024 Summer Olympics.  She is the 2025 World Championships silver medalist on floor exercise, becoming the first Welsh gymnast to win an individual medal at a World Championships. She was part of the silver-medal winning team at the 2024 European Championships and silver-medal winning mixed team at the 2025 European Championships.

Representing Wales she is a five-time Northern European champion.
Convex hull algorithms
Algorithms that construct convex hulls of various objects have a broad range of applications in mathematics and computer science.

In computational geometry, numerous algorithms are proposed for computing the convex hull of a finite set of points, with various computational complexities.

Computing the convex hull means that a non-ambiguous and efficient representation of the required convex shape is constructed. The complexity of the corresponding algorithms is usually estimated in terms of n, the number of input points, and sometimes also in terms of h, the number of points on the convex hull.

Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm
The Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm is an algorithm designed for computing the convex hull of a set of points in the plane, offering a time complexity of , where  is the number of input points and  is the number of points on the convex hull. This output-sensitive time complexity implies that the algorithm’s running time depends on both the input size and the size of the output.

Earlier output-sensitive algorithms, such as the gift wrapping algorithm, exhibited asymptotic running times of , while non-output-sensitive algorithms typically ran in  time. The Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm offers a significant improvement by achieving a more efficient asymptotic bound, making it faster for certain types of input.

Despite its theoretical optimality, the algorithm is not widely used in practice for moderate-sized data sets due to the implementation complexity and constants hidden in the asymptotic notation.
Quaternionic projective space
In mathematics, quaternionic projective space is an extension of the ideas of real projective space and complex projective space, to the case where coordinates lie in the ring of quaternions  Quaternionic projective space of dimension n is usually denoted by

and is a closed manifold of (real) dimension 4n. It is a homogeneous space for a Lie group action, in more than one way. The quaternionic projective line  is homeomorphic to the 4-sphere.

Fubini–Study metric
In mathematics, the  Fubini–Study metric (IPA: /fubini-ʃtuːdi/) is a Kähler metric on a complex projective space CPn endowed with a Hermitian form. This metric was originally described in 1904 and 1905 by Guido Fubini and Eduard Study.

A Hermitian form in (the vector space) Cn+1 defines a unitary subgroup U(n+1) in GL(n+1,C). A Fubini–Study metric is determined up to homothety (overall scaling) by invariance under such a U(n+1) action; thus it is homogeneous. Equipped with a Fubini–Study metric, CPn is a symmetric space. The particular normalization on the metric depends on the application.  In Riemannian geometry, one uses a normalization so that the Fubini–Study metric simply relates to the standard metric on the (2n+1)-sphere.  In algebraic geometry, one uses a normalization making CPn a Hodge manifold.
Francisco Hernández (rugby union)
Francisco Hernández (born 28 October 1988) is a Spanish former rugby sevens player and coach. He is currently the coach of Spain national rugby sevens team and Bengaluru Bravehearts.

He was named in the Spanish squad for the 2016 Men's Rugby Sevens Final Olympic Qualification Tournament in Monaco, which they eventually lost. He was later named in the team to the 2016 Summer Olympics.

In 2020 he retired  from the practice of sport and in 2023 he was appointed coach of the Spanish rugby 7 team, replacing Pablo Feijoo.

In April 2025, he was appointed coach of the Bengaluru Bravehearts of the Rugby Premier League 2025.

Bengaluru Bravehearts
Bengaluru Bravehearts is a professional rugby sevens franchise team. Based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, it competes in the Rugby Premier League. Scott Curry and Pol Pla are the captains while Francisco Hernández is the coach, as of 2025.
Princess DayaReese
Princess DayaReese (stylized as Princess 'Daya' Reese) is a 2021 Philippine romantic comedy film starring Maymay Entrata and Edward Barber, directed by Barry Gonzalez. The film was released under Star Cinema and premiered on January 1, 2021, on KTX and iWantTFC, and on pay per view channels on Sky Cable and Cignal as well in selected cinemas. The film's title is a play on the 2001 film The Princess Diaries.

Maymay Entrata
Marydale "Maymay" Entrata (/ˈmaɪmaɪ ɛnˈtrɑːtɑː/; born May 6, 1997) is a Filipino actress and singer. Having achieved mainstream success across television, music and fashion, she came to prominence after winning the reality show Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7. She is the first Filipina to walk at the Arab Fashion Week. Her accolades include a FAMAS Award, an Awit Award, two PMPC Star Awards for Music and a Box Office Entertainment Awards, in addition to a nomination for an MTV Europe Music Award.
Trilogy (film)
Trilogy (also released as Truman Capote's Trilogy) is a 1969 American anthology drama film directed by Frank Perry and written by Truman Capote. It was listed to compete at the 1968 Cannes Film Festival, but the festival was cancelled due to the events of May 1968 in France.

Capote co-wrote the script with Eleanor Perry. It includes an adaptation of one of Capote's most well-known short stories, "A Christmas Memory," which Capote narrates. The ensemble cast includes Martin Balsam, Mildred Natwick, Geraldine Page and Maureen Stapleton.

Frank Perry
Frank Joseph Perry Jr. (August 21, 1930 – August 29, 1995) was an American stage director and filmmaker. His 1962 independent film David and Lisa earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay (written by his then-wife Eleanor Perry). The couple collaborated on five more films, including The Swimmer, Diary of a Mad Housewife, and the Emmy Award–nominated A Christmas Memory, based on a short story by Truman Capote. Perry went on to form Corsair Pictures, privately financed by United Artists Theatres, which produced Miss Firecracker and A Shock to the System, then folded. His later films include Mommie Dearest and the documentary On the Bridge, about his dealing with prostate cancer.
Ça Va
Ça Va (/sɑː vɑː/; French for "okay", literally "that goes") is a studio album by German/British avant-pop trio Slapp Happy, featuring Anthony Moore, Peter Blegvad and Dagmar Krause. It was recorded in London in 1997 and released by V2 Records in April 1998. The Japanese release of the album included a bonus track, "Hello Dagi". It was Slapp Happy's first album in 23 years.

Peter Blegvad
Peter Blegvad (born August 14, 1951) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, writer, and cartoonist. He was a founding member of German/English avant-pop band Slapp Happy, which later merged briefly with Henry Cow, and has released many solo and collaborative albums. He is the son of Lenore and Erik Blegvad, who were respectively, a children's book author and illustrator.
Old City Hall (Hong Kong)
Old City Hall, which existed from 1869 to 1933, was the first public multipurpose performance facility and cultural venue in the crown colony of Hong Kong. It housed a theatre, a library, a museum and assembly rooms. Despite its name, its function differed from a town hall in that it was used solely for community purposes and did not house any government offices.

Located on Queen's Road Central in Victoria, Hong Kong, it occupied the current sites of the HSBC Hong Kong headquarters building (partly) and the Bank of China Building. 
It was designed by the French architect Achille-Antoine Hermitte and was opened by Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, in a ceremony on 28 June 1869.
The current site of the HSBC Hong Kong headquarters building was occupied in part by the old City Hall, and in part by the first and second generations of the HSBC building.

Achille-Antoine Hermitte
Achille Antoine Hermitte (24 June 1840–c. 1870) was a French architect who is known for designing the Hong Kong City Hall and the Palais du Gouverneur, Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City). His life is not well-documented and there is uncertainty about the date and place of his death. His only surviving building is the small Chapel of the Tomb of St Francis Xavier on St. John's Island (Shangchuan Island), southwest of Canton (Guangzhou).
Ann Wigmore
Ann Wigmore (March 4, 1909 – February 16, 1994) was a Lithuanian–American holistic health practitioner, naturopath and raw food advocate.

Influenced by the 'back to nature' theories of Maximilian Bircher-Benner, she maintained that plants concentrated more solar energy ('Vital Force') than animals, and that wheatgrass could detoxify the body. She also deplored food additives. Although the Ann Wigmore Foundation received accreditation as a non-profit, many of her claims were denounced as quackery, and her qualifications were never confirmed to be genuine.

Raw foodism
Raw foodism, also known as rawism or a raw food diet, is the dietary practice of eating only or mostly food that is uncooked and unprocessed. Depending on the philosophy, or type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selection of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish, meat, and dairy products. The diet may also include simply processed foods, such as various types of sprouted seeds, cheese, and fermented foods such as yogurts, kefir, kombucha, or sauerkraut, but generally not foods that have been pasteurized, homogenized, or produced with the use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, solvents, and food additives.

The British Dietetic Association has described raw foodism as a fad diet. Raw food diets, specifically raw veganism, may diminish intake of essential minerals and nutrients, such as vitamin B12. Claims made by raw food proponents are pseudoscientific.: 44
New Jack
Jerome Young (January 3, 1963 – May 14, 2021) was an American professional wrestler better known by his ring name New Jack. He was best known for his time with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), where he became notorious for his willingness to take dangerous bumps and for his stiff hardcore wrestling style, often taking high risks and known for shooting on opponents, for example his altercation with Gypsy Joe in 2003. In 1996, he was a key figure in the Mass Transit incident. He is also known for being the only wrestler to have had his entrance music ("Natural Born Killaz" by Ice Cube and Dr. Dre) play throughout his matches in ECW. After the promotion closed in 2001, Young spent the rest of his career on the independent circuit until his death in May 2021.

Perry Saturn
Perry Arthur Satullo (born October 25, 1966) is an American retired professional wrestler known by his ring name, Perry Saturn. Since debuting in 1990, Saturn wrestled for promotions including Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He is a former ECW World Tag Team Champion, WCW World Tag Team Champion, WCW World Television Champion, WWF European Champion and WWF Hardcore Champion.
Peabody and Stearns
Peabody & Stearns was a premier architectural firm in the Eastern United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Based in Boston, Massachusetts, the firm consisted of Robert Swain Peabody (1845–1917) and John Goddard Stearns Jr. (1843–1917). The firm worked on a variety of designs but is closely associated with shingle style.

With addition of Pierce P. Furber, presumably as partner, the firm became Peabody, Stearns & Furber. The firm was later succeeded by W. Cornell Appleton, one of the Peabody & Stearns architects, and Frank Stearns, son of Frank, as Appleton & Stearns.

Worcester City Hall and Common
The Worcester City Hall and Common, the civic heart of the city, are a historic city hall and town common at 455 Main Street in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States. The city hall and common were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
Apa River
The Apa River (Spanish: Río Apa, Portuguese: Rio Apa) is a river of Paraguay and Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraguay River, which in turn is a tributary of the Paraná River.  It starts in the Amambai Mountains of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul.  The Apa forms part of the border between Paraguay and Brazil beginning at the twin cities of Bella Vista Norte and Bela Vista.

Its principle tributaries flow from the right, the most notable being the Arroyo Estrella, and the Pirapucu, Caracol, and Perdido rivers which flow from the Serra da Bodoquena.

Paraguay River
The Paraguay River (Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Río Paraguay in Spanish) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil and Paraguay and forming parts of the Paraguay-Argentina, Brazil-Bolivia, and Brazil-Paraguay borders. It flows about 2,621 kilometres (1,629 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
RAF Staverton
Royal Air Force Staverton or more simply RAF Staverton is a former Royal Air Force station about 4 miles (6 km) west of Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. The station was used for training and operations from 1936 until the 1950s. The site is now Gloucestershire Airport.

Gloucestershire Airport
Gloucestershire Airport (IATA: GLO, ICAO: EGBJ), formerly Staverton Airport, is a small airport located in Churchdown, England. It lies 3.5 nautical miles (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) west of Cheltenham, near the city of Gloucester and close to the M5 motorway. Its operator claims it to be Gloucestershire's largest general aviation airfield, and it is regularly used for private charter flights to destinations such as Jersey and Guernsey.
Theological notes
The theological notes designate a classification of certainty of beliefs in Catholic theology. While theological notes qualify positively beliefs and doctrines, said beliefs and doctrines are qualified negatively by theological censures. The theological notes' "enumeration, division and evaluation" vary between authors.

Dogma in the Catholic Church
A dogma of the Catholic Church is defined as "a truth revealed by God, which the magisterium of the Church declared as binding". The Catechism of the Catholic Church states:

The Church's Magisterium asserts that it exercises the authority it holds from Christ to the fullest extent when it defines dogmas, that is, when it proposes, in a form obliging Catholics to an irrevocable adherence of faith, truths contained in divine Revelation or also when it proposes, in a definitive way, truths having a necessary connection with these.

The faithful are only required to accept a teaching as dogma if the Catholic Church clearly and specifically identifies them as dogmas. Dogmas are also adhered to by all the faithful, both of the Latin church and the Eastern Catholic churches.
Chinatown Point
Chinatown Point is a shopping mall located in Chinatown, Singapore next to Chinatown MRT station at the junction of New Bridge Road and Upper Cross Street. It is a mixed development which includes a 25-storey office tower located right above the mall. Constructed in the 1980s, the mall opened in 1990. From 2011 to 2012, the mall underwent renovations after a change in the management. It held its soft core launch in year-end 2012 and was fully operational in the 2nd quarter of 2013.

Library@chinatown
1°17′7″N 103°50′42″E﻿ / ﻿1.28528°N 103.84500°E﻿ / 1.28528; 103.84500

library@chinatown is a library in Chinatown, Singapore. It is located inside Chinatown Point. The nearest MRT station is Chinatown MRT station.
Yongxing County
Yongxing County (simplified Chinese: 永兴县; traditional Chinese: 永興縣; pinyin: Yǒngxīng Xiàn) is a county in Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chenzhou.

Located on the south eastern part of the province, it is adjacent to the north of the city proper in Chenzhou. The county borders to the northwest by Leiyang City, to the southwest by Guiyang County, to the south by Suxian District, to the southeast by Zixing City, and to the northeast by Anren County. Yongxing County covers an area of 1,979 km2 (764 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 696,000 and a resident population of 542,800. The county has 11 towns and four townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Bianjiang Town (便江镇).

Anren County
Anren County (simplified Chinese: 安仁县; traditional Chinese: 安仁縣; pinyin: Ānrén Xiàn) is a county in Hunan Province, China. It is under the administration of Chenzhou prefecture-level City.

Located on the southeast of the province, it is the northernmost county-level division of Chenzhou City. The county is bordered to the north by Hengdong and You Counties, to the east by Chaling and Yanling Counties, to the south and southwest by Yongxing County, and to the west by Leiyang City and Hengnan County. Anren County covers an area of 1,462.1 km2 (564.5 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 465,500 and a resident population of 390,500. The county has five towns and eight townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Yonglejiang.
Aida, Okayama
Aida (英田町, Aida-chō) was a town located in Aida District, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,625 and a density of 57.17 persons per km2. The total area was 63.41 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Aida, along with the towns of Mimasaka (former), Ōhara and Sakutō, the village of Higashiawakura (all from Aida District), and the town of Katsuta (from Katsuta District), was merged to create the city of Mimasaka.

In the 1990s, Aida's TI Circuit hosted two Formula One races called the Pacific Grand Prix.

Aida District, Okayama
Aida (英田郡, Aida-gun) is a district located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 31,845 and a density of 79.65 persons per km2. The total area is 399.83 km2.
Risa Wataya
Risa Wataya (綿矢 りさ, Wataya Risa; born February 1, 1984) is a female Japanese novelist from Kyoto. Her short novel Keritai senaka won the Akutagawa Prize and has sold more than a million copies. Wataya has also won the Bungei Prize and the Kenzaburo Oe Prize. Her work has been translated into German, Italian, French, Thai, Korean, and English.

Hitomi Kanehara
Hitomi Kanehara (金原 ひとみ, Kanehara Hitomi, born August 8, 1983) is a Japanese novelist. Her novel Hebi ni piasu (Snakes and Earrings) won the Shōsetsu Subaru Literary Prize and the Akutagawa Prize, and sold over a million copies in Japan. Her work has been translated into more than a dozen languages worldwide.