hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homesite of John O. Meusebach
The Homesite of John O. Meusebach is located at Loyal Valley in Mason County, Texas, 21 miles (34 km) north of Fredericksburg and 18 miles (29 km) southeast of the city of Mason, on U.S. Highway 87 to right-of-way at the intersection of US 87 and RM 2242. Meusebach moved to the property in 1869, after a tornado destroyed his family home in Comal County.

Meusebach was born in Dillenburg, Duchy of Nassau. He had a background in botany, and was educated and trained as a lawyer. As Commissioner-General of the Adelsverein, he founded the city of Fredericksburg, and opened up the Fisher–Miller Land Grant territory to settlement when he brokered the Meusebach–Comanche Treaty. He later served as Texas State Senator District 22. His Loyal Valley homesite was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1969, Marker number 11288.

Fredericksburg, Texas
Fredericksburg is a city in and the county seat of Gillespie County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 Census, this city had a population of 10,875.

Fredericksburg was founded in 1846 and named after Prince Frederick of Prussia. Old-time German residents often referred to Fredericksburg as Fritztown, a nickname that is still used in some businesses. It is located 70 miles northwest of San Antonio, and approximately 80 miles west of Austin. This city is also notable as the center of Texas German, a dialect spoken by the first generations of German settlers who initially refused to learn English. Fredericksburg shares many cultural characteristics with New Braunfels, which had been established by Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels the previous year. Fredericksburg is the birthplace of Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz. It is the sister city of Montabaur, Germany. On October 14, 1970, the Fredericksburg Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in Texas.
2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.

Regional service commission
A regional service commission (RSC) is an administrative entity in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. As the name implies, an RSC administers services on a regional level. RSCs are not incorporated municipal entities and lack direct taxation powers. In 2023, major reforms to New Brunswick's local governance system took effect, with increased RSC responsibilities and some boundary adjustments.
Björn Gunnlaugsson
Björn Gunnlaugsson[a] (25 September 1788 – 17 March 1876)[b] was an Icelandic mathematician and cartographer. For the Icelandic Literary Society, he surveyed the country from 1831 to 1843. The results of his work were published in a topographic map of Iceland at a scale of 1:480,000 on four sheets. It was the first complete map of Iceland and, although generally dated to 1844, was not completed until 1848. It was published under the direction of Olaf Nikolas Olsen in Copenhagen. In 1849, a smaller edition on one sheet at a scale of 1:960,000 appeared. For his survey work, Björn received the Order of the Dannebrog in 1846 and the French Légion d'honneur in 1859.

Olaf Nikolas Olsen
Olaf Nikolas Olsen (4 March 1794 – 19 December 1848, also spelt Oluf Nicolai or Nicolaj) was a cartographer and an officer of the Danish army. He taught cartography at the Royal Cadet School and from 1830 on also at the new Army Academy. In 1836 was made a member of the General Staff, and in 1842 he was named head of the topographic department of the staff, with the rank of a Major. In 1848, he was promoted to the rank of colonel.

As a cartographer, he edited and published many maps of Europe. In his function at the General Staff, he directed the publication of the Danish Ordnance Maps. He also oversaw the publication of the first complete map of Iceland after a survey done by Björn Gunnlaugsson in the years 1831 to 1843.
Poletčić family
The Poletčić family (Politchorum, Poletchis, Polecich), also known as Polečić or Poličić, was one of the twelve noble tribes of the Kingdom of Croatia, mentioned in the Pacta conventa. They until the 15th century had estates in the region of Lika, around Perušić, and citizen status in the city of Zadar.

Pacta conventa (Croatia)
Pacta conventa (lit. 'agreed accords') was an agreement concluded between King Coloman of Hungary and the Croatian nobility in 1102 or afterwards, defining the status of Croatia in the union with Hungary. The earliest manuscript of the document is of the fourteenth century, so some historians believe it is likely a forgery.

The document titled Pacta conventa or Qualiter (the first word in the document) was found in a Trogir library. Until the 19th century it was considered that it dated to 1102. However, historians today hold that it is not an authentic document from 1102 and likely a forgery from the 14th century, but that the contents of the Pacta Conventa still correspond to the political situation of that time in Croatia. The document is preserved in the Hungarian National Museum in Budapest.
The Days of the Turbins (film)
The Days of the Turbins (Russian: Дни Турбиных, romanized: Dni Turbinykh) is a 1976 Soviet three-part television drama film. It was directed and written by Vladimir Basov and based on the play with the same name by Mikhail Bulgakov (itself Bulgakov's adaptation of his novel The White Guard for the stage).

Vladimir Basov
Vladimir Pavlovich Basov (Russian: Владимир Павлович Басов; 28 July 1923 – 17 September 1987) was a Soviet Russian actor, film director and screenwriter. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1983.
2011 Baylor Bears football team
The 2011 Baylor Bears football team represented Baylor University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Art Briles and played their home games at Floyd Casey Stadium in Waco, Texas. They are members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 10–3, 6–3 in Big 12 play to finish in a tie for third place with Oklahoma (whom they defeated during the season). The ten wins tied a school record for wins in a season while the 6–3 conference record is its best since joining the Big 12. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they beat Washington, 67–56, for their first bowl win since the 1992 John Hancock Bowl.

Junior starting quarterback Robert Griffin III won the Heisman Trophy, becoming the first Baylor player to win the award.

2011 Washington Huskies football team
The 2011 Washington Huskies football team represented the University of Washington in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by third year head coach Steve Sarkisian. They played six of their home games at Husky Stadium and their final home game at CenturyLink Field due to a planned renovation of Husky Stadium; both stadiums are in Seattle. They are a member of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 7–6, 5–4 in Pac-12 play to finish in third place in the North division. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they were defeated by Baylor 67–56.
Newport Pagnell Canal
The Newport Pagnell Canal was a 1.25 mile canal in Buckinghamshire that ran from the Grand Junction Canal at Great Linford to Newport Pagnell through seven locks. Construction was authorised by an act of Parliament in June 1814 and it probably opened in 1817. It closed in 1864, with part of the route used for the line of a railway.

Great Linford
Great Linford is a historic village, district and wider civil parish in the north of Milton Keynes, England, between Wolverton and Newport Pagnell, and roughly 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Central Milton Keynes.
Don Griffin
Donald Frederick Griffin (born March 17, 1964) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders. Griffin was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the sixth round of the 1986 NFL draft. His older brother James played in the NFL as a safety.

James Griffin (defensive back)
James Victor Griffin (born September 7, 1961) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders. His younger brother  Don was a cornerback for the San Francisco 49ers.
DOACROSS parallelism
DOACROSS parallelism is a parallelization technique used to perform Loop-level parallelism by utilizing synchronisation primitives between statements in a loop.  This technique is used when a loop cannot be fully parallelized by DOALL parallelism due to data dependencies between loop iterations, typically loop-carried dependencies. The sections of the loop which contain loop-carried dependence are synchronized, while treating each section as a parallel task on its own. Therefore, DOACROSS parallelism can be used to complement DOALL parallelism to reduce loop execution times.

Loop-level parallelism
Loop-level parallelism is a form of parallelism in software programming that is concerned with extracting parallel tasks from loops. The opportunity for loop-level parallelism often arises in computing programs where data is stored in random access data structures. Where a sequential program will iterate over the data structure and operate on indices one at a time, a program exploiting loop-level parallelism will use multiple threads or processes which operate on some or all of the indices at the same time. Such parallelism provides a speedup to overall execution time of the program, typically in line with Amdahl's law.
Qannuyak
Qannuyak formerly Lewes Island is an uninhabited island within the Arctic Archipelago in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in Bathurst Inlet. Other islands in the vicinity include Qikiqtaryuaq, Galena Island, Marcet Island, Patsy Klengenberg Island, and Walrus Island.

Galena Island
Galena Island is an uninhabited island within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in Bathurst Inlet. Other islands in the vicinity include Lewes Island, Marcet Island, and Walrus Island.
Life and Adventures of Four Friends 1/2
Zhizn i priklyucheniya chetyrekh druzei 1/2 (English: Life and Adventures of Four Friends) (Russian: Жизнь и приключения четырех друзей 1/2) is a 1981 Soviet children's movie about three smart dogs and one cat who eventually become friends and help people. The film is set in Russia. Adapted from the story of the same name by Yusef Printsev and directed by Oleg Yeryshev. The first episode runs 63 minutes, and has two parts: 1. Zakadychnye vragi (aka.. Soulmate enemies), and 2. Nachalo puti (aka.. Beginning of the road). This film is a prequel to Life and Adventures of Four Friends 3/4, released later in 1981. Both films were re-edited in 1994, in St. Petersburg, Russia, and released on VHS and DVD, becoming a popular family entertainment for all ages.

Life and Adventures of Four Friends 3/4
'Zhizn i priklyucheniya chetyrekh druzei 3/4 (English: Life and Adventures of Four Friends 3/4) (Russian: Жизнь и приключения четырех друзей 3/4) is a 1981 Soviet children's movie. It is a sequel to Life and Adventures of Four Friends 1/2 (film), set in Russia. Adapted from the story of the same name by Yusef Printsev and directed by Oleg Yeryshev. This is a second film in the popular family series about the adventures of three dogs and one cat, who are following their owner and are having much fun together. Film runs 60 minutes, and has two parts: 3. Igra s ognyom (aka.. Playing games with fire), and 4. Kot v meshke (aka.. Cat in the bag).
Sahher Bambba
Sahher Bambba (born 1996) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Hindi films and series. Bambba made her acting debut with the romantic drama Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas (2019). Bambba has since played Maham Begum in the historical drama The Empire (2021) and the leading lady in the comedy drama The Ba***ds of Bollywood (2025).

Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas
Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas (transl. Every moment, close to the heart) is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film written and directed by Sunny Deol and produced by Sunny Sounds Pvt Ltd and Zee Studios. The films stars his son Karan Deol  and Sahher Bambba. The film was released on 20 September 2019.

With the box office revenue recovering only a third of its production budget, the film was deemed a box office bomb.
Ludwigsburg (district)
Landkreis Ludwigsburg is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Heilbronn, Rems-Murr-Kreis, the district-free city Stuttgart, and the districts Böblingen and Enz-Kreis.

Rems-Murr-Kreis
Rems-Murr is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Heilbronn, Schwäbisch Hall, Ostalbkreis, Göppingen, Esslingen, the district-free city Stuttgart and the district Ludwigsburg.
Natives and Aliens
Natives and Aliens is an album by the members of the Evan Parker Trio (saxophonist Evan Parker, bassist Barry Guy, and drummer Paul Lytton), with guest pianist Marilyn Crispell. It was recorded on May 24, 1996, at Gateway Studios in London, and was released in 1997 by Leo Records.

Evan Parker
Evan Shaw Parker (born 5 April 1944) is a British tenor and soprano saxophone player who plays free improvisation.

Recording and performing prolifically with many collaborators, Parker was a pivotal figure in the development of European free jazz and free improvisation. He has pioneered or substantially expanded an array of extended techniques. Critic Ron Wynn describes Parker as "among Europe's most innovative and intriguing saxophonists...his solo sax work isn't for the squeamish."
Kitty Flanagan
Kitty Flanagan (born 1968) is an Australian comedian, writer and actress. She is known for portraying Helen Tudor-Fisk in the television comedy program Fisk, which she also co-created, co-wrote and co-directed. Flanagan also starred as Rhonda Stewart in the comedy Utopia. She spent eight years based in the UK and performing around the world (2001–2009) and has performed at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and Just For Laughs in Montreal, Canada. Flanagan won the AACTA Award for Best Comedy Performer in 2021 and has won the Silver Logie for four consecutive years in a row from 2022, for her work in Fisk and Utopia.

Utopia (Australian TV series)
Utopia, internationally titled Dreamland, is an Australian television comedy series by Working Dog Productions that premiered on the ABC on 13 August 2014. The series follows the working lives of a team in the fictional Nation Building Authority, a newly created government organisation. The authority is responsible for overseeing major infrastructure projects, from announcement to unveiling.  The series explores the collision between bureaucracy and grand ambitions. The second series aired in 2015, beginning with the first episode on 19 August 2015. The third series aired in 2017, beginning with the first episode on 19 July 2017. The fourth series aired in 2019, beginning on 21 August 2019. A fifth series aired from 7 June 2023.
Lillian Moller Gilbreth
Lillian Evelyn Gilbreth (née Moller; May 24, 1878 – January 2, 1972) was an American psychologist, industrial engineer, consultant, and educator who was an early pioneer in applying psychology to time-and-motion studies. She was described in the 1940s as "a genius in the art of living."

Gilbreth, one of the first female engineers to earn a Ph.D., is considered to be the first industrial/organizational psychologist. She and her husband, Frank Bunker Gilbreth, were efficiency experts who contributed to the study of industrial engineering, especially in the areas of motion study and human factors.

Cheaper by the Dozen (1948) and Belles on Their Toes (1950), written by two of their children (Ernestine and Frank Jr.) tell the story of their family life and describe how time-and-motion studies were applied to the organization and daily activities of their large family. Both books were later made into feature films.

Belles on Their Toes
Belles on Their Toes is a 1950 autobiographical book written by the siblings Frank Bunker Gilbreth, Jr. and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey. It is the follow-up to their book Cheaper by the Dozen (1948), and covers the period after Frank Gilbreth, Sr. died. It was adapted as a film in 1952.
Laguna 30
The Laguna 30 is an American sailboat that was designed by W. Shad Turner as a cruiser and first built in 1983.

The Laguna 30 design was developed into the Laguna 33 in 1986, with the addition of a reverse transom.

Laguna 33
The Laguna 33 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by W. Shad Turner as a cruiser and first built in 1986.

The Laguna 33 is a development of the Laguna 30 with the addition of a reverse transom. It was later developed into the Classic 33 in 1995.
Queensland Labor Party (1957)
The Queensland Labor Party (QLP) was a political party of Queensland, Australia, formed in 1957 by a breakaway group of the then ruling Labor Party Government, following the expulsion of Premier Vince Gair. In 1962 the party became the Queensland section of the Democratic Labor Party (DLP). The party continued to hold seats in the Queensland state parliament until 1972, then suffered a collapse in its vote and wound itself up in 1978.

Vince Gair
Vincent Clair Gair (25 February 1901 – 11 November 1980) was an Australian politician. He served as Premier of Queensland from 1952 until 1957, when his stormy relations with the trade union movement saw him expelled from the Labor Party. He was elected to the Australian Senate and led the Democratic Labor Party from 1965 to 1973. In 1974 he was appointed Australian Ambassador to Ireland by the Whitlam government, which caused his expulsion from the DLP.
Kankinara railway station
Kankinara (Code: KNR) is a railway station in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal, which serves Bhatpara town. It lies on the Sealdah–Ranaghat line and is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system and is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway.

Sealdah–Ranaghat–Gede line
The Sealdah–Ranaghat–Gede line connects the Sealdah Main and North terminus of Kolkata and Gede of Nadia district of West Bengal, India, with Naihati and Ranaghat serving as major junction points. Once a part of the old Calcutta–Siliguri main line, today it is a busy suburban section of the Kolkata Suburban Railway's Sealdah North section connecting the North 24 Parganas and Nadia districts with Kolkata. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division of the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

The Naihati Jn –Bandel Jn branch line connects this line with the Howrah–Bardhaman main line and Bandel–Katwa line through the Sampreeti Bridge, and previously the Jubilee Bridge, over the Hooghly river. The Kalyani–Kalyani Simanta branch line caters to the Kalyani town and industrial area of the Nadia district.
DVD Copy Control Ass'n, Inc. v. Kaleidescape, Inc.
DVD Copy Control Association, Inc. v. Kaleidescape, Inc., 176 Cal. App. 4th 697 is a legal case heard by the California Court of Appeal concerning breach of contract and breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing.  It discusses incorporation by reference regarding a supplemental document that was not part of the written license agreement between the parties.  The Court of Appeal reversed the trial court's judgment and ruled in favor of the plaintiff (DVD Copy Control Association), finding that defendant was bound to the entire contract, including the supplemental document.

This case is also of interest in the realm of copyright law due to its tangential relationship to the issues of fair use and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

Kaleidescape
Kaleidescape, Inc. is an American multimedia company based in Mountain View, California. Founded in 2001, it designs multi-room home entertainment server systems that store and play back video and audio content (such as movies, television shows, and music) to movie players that can be connected to televisions or projectors.
Michele Moody-Adams
Michele Moody-Adams is an American philosopher and academic administrator. Between July 1, 2009, and September 2011, she served as Dean of Columbia College and Vice President for Undergraduate Education at Columbia University. She was the first woman and first African-American to hold the post. She has since resigned as dean, citing the decreasing autonomy of Columbia College. She remains a faculty member in the department of philosophy. In 2021, she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Columbia College, Columbia University
Columbia College is the oldest undergraduate college of Columbia University, a private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhattan, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the fifth oldest in the United States.

Columbia was established as a colonial college by royal charter under George II of Great Britain. It was renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolution, and in 1787 was placed under a private board of trustees headed by alumni Alexander Hamilton and John Jay.

Columbia College is distinctive for its comprehensive Core Curriculum and is among the most selective of American colleges, with an admission rate of 3.85% in 2024.
Annika Marks
Annika Marks is an American actress, writer and producer. She had a supporting role in 2012 film The Sessions, and played leading roles in independent movies Grace. (2014) and Anguish (2015). From 2014 to 2018 she played Monte Porter on Freeform drama series The Fosters.

Grace (2014 film)
Grace, stylized Grace., is a 2014 U.S. drama film directed by Heath Jones and written by Jones and Cindy Goggins, starring Annika Marks, Sharon Lawrence, Chase Mowen and Cindy Joy Goggins. It is produced by Sylvia Caminer and was first released at the Nashville Film Festival on 18 April 2014.
Seahpo Peak
Seahpo Peak is a subsidiary peak of Mount Shuksan, which rises in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located about 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the main peak of Shuksan and rises to about 7,441 feet (2,268 m). It is located in North Cascades National Park and is part of the North Cascades range.

Connected to the main peak by the roughly 7,000-foot (2,100 m)-high Jagged Ridge, Seahpo Peak stands to the north at the headwaters of a headstream of Sulphide Creek, a tributary of the Baker River. Several waterfalls tumble off its flanks, including Seahpo Peak Falls and Cloudcap Falls. (Seahpo Peak is sometimes referred to as Cloudcap Peak.) The mountain is also on the south side of the Nooksack Cirque, which forms the headwaters of the Nooksack River. It is bordered by the East Nooksack Glacier to the north and a few smaller unnamed glaciers to the south. It is also connected to Icy Peak by another unnamed ridge.

The mountain derives its name from a French word, chapeau, meaning "hat".

Icy Peak
Icy Peak is a 7,073-foot (2,156-metre) Skagit Range mountain summit located in the North Cascades of Washington state. It is situated in North Cascades National Park at the head of Nooksack Cirque. High ridges connect it to Seahpo Peak and Mount Shuksan. An icefall occupies the northeast cirque, and small glaciers clad all sides of the peak. Precipitation runoff drains into the Nooksack and Baker Rivers.