hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilson Creek (North Carolina)
Wilson Creek is located in the Grandfather District of the Pisgah National Forest, in the northwestern section of Caldwell County, North Carolina. Wilson Creek has a water system that originates near Calloway Peak and stretches for 23 miles (37 km) before joining with John's River. It was added to the Wild and Scenic River System on August 18, 2000.

The Wilson Creek area contains places to fish, hike, camp, and mountain biking.

Grandfather Mountain
Grandfather Mountain is a mountain, a non-profit attraction, and a North Carolina state park
near Linville, North Carolina. At 5,946 feet (1,812 m), it is the highest peak on the eastern escarpment of the Blue Ridge Mountains, one of the major chains of the Appalachian Mountains. (Nearby Mt. Mitchell, the highest peak east of the Mississippi River, is on the western escarpment.) The Blue Ridge Parkway passes by the south side of the mountain and also passes over the nearby Grandmother Gap. It is located at the meeting point of Avery, Caldwell (highest point), and Watauga (highest point) counties.
Dhubri-Phulbari bridge
The Dhubri-Phulbari Bridge is an under-construction four lane extradosed cable stay bridge over the Brahmaputra River between Assam and Meghalaya in North-East India.

The Dhubri-Phulbari bridge, to be completed by 2028, would be India's second longest bridge over water after the Mumbai Trans Harbour Link, and would span more than 19 km. This bridge, close to the Bangladesh border, will connect Assam's Dhubri with Meghalaya's Phulbari. It will fill in a missing link of National Highway 127B, connecting Dhubri by road to Tura, Nongstoin, and other towns in western and central Meghalaya.

Civil works started in 2019–2020. The project is being funded by Japan International Cooperation Agency, and it would be executed by National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited. It is one of 6 proposed bridges on the Brahmaputra.

National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited
The National Highways & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL) is a Central Public Sector Undertaking (CPSU) under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, set up in 2014 and is responsible for management of a network of over 16,000 km of National Highways out of 1,15,000 km in India. It is a nodal agency of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH). Dr. Krishan Kumar (IAS) is the present Managing Director (MD) of NHIDCL since 14 February 2024.
2011 Commonwealth Youth Games
The 2011 Commonwealth Youth Games, officially known as the IV Commonwealth Youth Games, and commonly known as Isle Of Man 2011, is a multi-sport event which took place from 7 to 13 September 2011 in the British Crown Dependency of the Isle of Man. As per the original quadrennial cycle, the Games were scheduled for 2012. However, the Commonwealth Games Federation at its general assembly in 2005 decided to move the Games within one year before the Summer Olympics. The Bowl Stadium at the National Sports Centre, Douglas staged the opening ceremony on 7 September 2011. The closing ceremony was held on Douglas Promenade & the Villa Marina on 13 September.

Commonwealth Youth Games
The Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG) is an international multi-sport event organized by the Commonwealth Games Federation. The games were held in the years, mid-way between when the Commonwealth Games are held, until 2008. They continued to be held every four years, but in the year after the Commonwealth Games are held, from 2011 to 2015. Since 2017, they've been held in the year before the Commonwealth Games are held. The first edition was held in Edinburgh, Scotland from 10 to 14 August 2000. The age limitation of the athletes is from 14 to 18.
Batson v. Kentucky
Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (1986), is a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court ruling that a prosecutor's use of a peremptory challenge in a criminal case—the dismissal of jurors without stating a valid cause for doing so—may not be used to exclude jurors based solely on their race. The Court ruled that this practice violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The case gave rise to the term Batson challenge, an objection to a peremptory challenge based on the standard established by the Supreme Court's decision in this case.  Subsequent jurisprudence has resulted in the extension of Batson to civil cases (Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Company) and cases where jurors are excluded on the basis of sex (J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel. T.B.).

The principle had been established previously by several state courts, including the California Supreme Court in 1978, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court in 1979, and the Florida Supreme Court in 1984.

Racial discrimination in jury selection
Racial discrimination in jury selection is specifically prohibited by law in many jurisdictions throughout the world. In the United States, it has been defined through a series of judicial decisions. However, juries composed solely of one racial group are legal in the United States and other countries. While the racial composition of juries is not dictated by law, racial discrimination in the selection of jurors (regardless of the jury's ultimate composition) is specifically prohibited. Depending on context, the phrases "all-white jury" or "all-black jury" can raise the expectation that deliberations may be unfair.
Dropull
Dropull (Albanian definite form: Dropulli; Greek: Δρόπολη or Δερόπολη Dropoli or Deropoli) is a municipality in Gjirokastër County, in southern Albania. The region stretches from south of the city of Gjirokastër to the Greek–Albanian border, along the Drino river. The region's villages are part of the Greek "minority zone" recognized by the Albanian government, in which majorities of Greeks live.

The municipality Dropull was created in 2015 by the merger of the former municipalities Dropull i Poshtëm, Dropull i Sipërm and Pogon. The seat of the municipality is the village Sofratikë. According to the 2011 census the total population is 3,503; according to the civil registry of that year, which counts all citizens including those who live abroad, it is 23,247. The municipality covers an area of 448.45 km2 (173.15 sq mi).

Northern Epirus Liberation Front
The Northern Epirus Liberation Front (Greek: Μέτωπο Απελευθέρωσης Βορείου Ηπείρου (ΜΑΒΗ), Métopo Apelefthérosis Voreíou Ipeírou (MAVI)), also called the Northern Epirote Liberation Organization (Εθνική Απελευθερωτική Οργάνωση Βορειοηπειρωτών (ΕΑΟΒΗ), Ethnikí Apeleftherotikí Orgánosi Voreioipeirotón (EAOVI)), was an ethnic Greek resistance group that operated in areas of southern Albania during the Italian and German occupation of Albania (1942–1944). The group operated after the withdrawal of the Greek forces from the area (April 1941), against the invading Italians, Germans and both against the Albanian communist and collaborationist organizations.
Pindone
Pindone is an organic compound.  A derivative of 1,3-indandione, it is used as a rodenticide. Its mode of action is as a anticoagulant. for agricultural use. It is commonly used as a rodenticide in the management of rat and rabbit populations.

It is pharmacologically analogous to warfarin and inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.

1,3-Indandione
1,3-Indandione (sometimes simply indanedione) is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4(CO)2CH2.  It is a β-diketone with indane as its structural nucleus. It is a colorless or white solid, but old samples can appear yellowish or even green. It is a popular chemical scaffold (building block of various useful chemical compounds), and derivatives antagonize Vitamin K receptors.
Melilotus sulcatus
Melilotus sulcatus, the furrowed melilot or Mediterranean sweetclover, is a species of the genus Melilotus, belonging to the pea family; Fabaceae or Papilionaceae.

It is distributed in Southern Europe, an annual plant between 10 and 40 cm high. The stem leaves are grooved. The flowers are very small; 3-5mm.long, in bloom  from June until August. The pods are 3–3.5mm. long, with bowline veins.

Melilotus
Melilotus, known as melilot or sweet clover is a genus of legumes in the family Fabaceae, native to Europe, Asia, and Africa. The genus is closely related to Trifolium (clovers). Several species are common grassland plants and weeds of cultivated ground, and some species are now found worldwide as naturalised plants.

The scientific and English names both derive from Greek melílōtos from méli (honey), and lōtos (lotus), via Latin melilōtos and Old French mélilot. The alternative name "sweet clover" varies in orthography, also cited as sweet-clover and sweetclover. Other names include "kumoniga", from the Cumans.
Mary Kevin Niland
Mary Kevin Niland is a former Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, a face familiar to viewers of C-SPAN, the network which covers House proceedings. The reading clerk reads bills, motions, and other papers before the House and keeps track of changes to legislation made on the floor.

During the vote for Speaker of the United States House of Representatives at the beginning of each Congress (or when the electronic voting system fails), the Reading Clerk calls the roll of members for voting viva voce.

Niland became Democratic clerk in 1998 at the recommendation of then-House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt of Missouri. She replaced Meg Goetz. Niland served until 2008, when she became Deputy Chief of Legislative Operations in the Office of the Clerk. Her successor as Reading Clerk was Jaime Zapata.

Niland's Republican counterpart was Susan Cole.

Susan Cole (reading clerk)
Susan Cole (born 1962/1963) is an American government official who serves as a Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. She has held the position since 2007, has worked as a staffer in the Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives since 2003, and has been a staffer of the United States House of Representatives since 1994.

Cole serves as one of two House Reading Clerks (the other being Tylease Alli, designated by Democrats). Cole was appointed by Republican Minority leader John Boehner in 2007 to replace Paul Hays after he retired.
Marcus Lawrence Ward
Marcus Lawrence Ward (November 9, 1812 – April 25, 1884) was an American Republican Party politician, who served as the 21st governor of New Jersey from 1866 to 1869 and represented Essex County for one term from 1873 to 1875.

Joel Parker (politician)
Joel Parker (November 24, 1816 – January 2, 1888) was an American attorney and Democratic Party politician who served two non-consecutive terms as the 20th governor of New Jersey from 1863 to 1866 and 1872 to 1875. As a Democratic governor during the American Civil War, Parker was one of the leading critics of the Abraham Lincoln administration's domestic and military policy, though he was generally a supporter of the Union war effort. In 1868 and 1876, he was nominated for President of the United States as a favorite son by New Jersey's party delegation.
ABC Hornet
The ABC Hornet was an 80 hp (90 kW) four-cylinder aero engine designed in the late 1920s by the noted British engineer Granville Bradshaw for use in light aircraft. The Hornet was effectively a double Scorpion and was built by ABC Motors, first running in 1929.

In 1931 the engine was re-designed, including the adoption of the new Hiduminium alloys for the crankcase, exhaust manifolds and pistons.

ABC Motors
ABC Motors Limited ("All British (Engine) Company") of Hersham, Surrey, England was a manufacturer of cars, aircraft, motor scooters, and engines for road and air. Established by Ronald Charteris in Hersham, Surrey in 1912, its chief designer was the young and talented Granville Bradshaw. It was absorbed into Vickers in 1951 and the factory finally closed in the 1970s. Last occupied by Ian Allan Publishing as Hersham's Riverdene Industrial Estate, the factory was demolished around 2017-2018 and redeveloped as a Lidl supermarket (opened February 2019) with flats above.
Cotinguiba River
The Cotinguiba River (Portuguese: Rio Cotinguiba) is a river in Sergipe, a state in northeastern Brazil. Its source is between the municipalities of Areia Branca and Laranjeiras. It flows into the Sergipe River at the border of the municipalities of Laranjeiras and Nossa Senhora do Socorro. It is approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) long with a basin of 232.5 square kilometres (89.8 sq mi). The Cotinguiba River is one of the main tributaries of the right bank of the Sergipe River, and flows into the Sergipe in a river bed in the form of an estuary. It passes through the municipalities of Areia Branca, Riachuelo, Laranjeiras and Nossa Senhora do Socorro.

The economy of the region of the Cotinguiba River was closely tied to the height and decline of sugarcane cultivation. After its decline, Laranjeiras alone remained prosperous due to its port. After the abolition of slavery in Brazil, the region went into economic decline and the Cotinguiba was no longer used for inland transportation.

Laranjeiras, Sergipe
Laranjeiras (Brazilian Portuguese: [laɾɐ̃ˈʒe(j)ɾɐs]; 'Orange Trees') is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. Its population was 30,080 (2020) and covers 162.27 km2 (62.65 mi2). Laranjeiras has a population density of 180 inhabitants per square kilometer. Laranjeiras is located 19 km (12 mi) from the state capital of Sergipe, Aracaju. It borders the municipalities of Riachuelo, Areia Branca, Nossa Senhora do Socorro, São Cristóvão, Maruim, and Santo Amaro das Brotas, all within the state of Sergipe. The municipality contains part of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park.
Cycling at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race cycling event at the 1936 Summer Olympics took place on 10 August over 100 km. Ninety-nine cyclists from 28 nations competed. This was the first time that the cycling road race was conducted as a mass start event since 1896 and was one of six cycling events at the 1936 Olympics. The men's team road race was held in conjunction with this event, with teams having four riders and the team time taken as sum of the team's three best finishers. The individual event was won by Robert Charpentier of France, with his teammate Guy Lapébie in second. Ernst Nievergelt of Switzerland took bronze. They were the first men's mass-start road race medals for both nations, which had not competed in 1896.

Cycling at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's team road race
The men's team road race cycling event at the 1936 Olympic Games took place on 10 August and was one of six events at the 1936 Olympics. It was competed as a 100 km massed start event in conjunction with the Men's individual road race. Teams had four riders and the team time taken as sum of the team's three best finishers. Only the first five teams across the line recorded a time, due to a failure with the timekeeping system.
Iwan Gronow
Iwan Gronow (born 24 May) is a British musician, writer and producer. A bass guitarist, he has previously been a member of Haven and Mutineers. Since 2013, he has been a member of Johnny Marr's band, which he joined with Haven drummer Jack Mitchell. He also formed Sea Fever in 2020.

Jack Mitchell (drummer)
Jack Edward Mitchell (born 28 April 1981) is a British drummer.  Part of Johnny Marr's band since 2012, he has previously played with Mutineers, Haven, Marion, Tailgunner and Bad Lieutenant.

Mitchell was in both Haven and Mutineers with current Johnny Marr bandmate Iwan Gronow.
Army Academy (Finland)
Army Academy (Finnish: Maasotakoulu, abbr. MAASK) is a brigade-level unit of the Finnish Army responsible for:

organising the service-specific and branch-specific parts of studies of Army cadets in Finnish National Defence University

organising the reserve officer training of the Army in the Reserve Officer School

guiding the career NCO training of the Army

organising other training for Army career personnel

pursuing research and development activities.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
Royal Tyrone Fusiliers
The Royal Tyrone Militia, later the Royal Tyrone Fusiliers, was an Irish militia regiment raised in 1793 for home defence and internal security during the French Revolutionary War, seeing action during the Irish Rebellion of 1798. It was later embodied during all of the UK's major wars. In 1881 it became a battalion of the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and during World War I, as part of the Special Reserve, it trained thousands of reinforcements for battalions of that regiment serving overseas. Postwar it retained a shadowy existence until it was formally disbanded in 1953.

Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon
Colonel Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon (14 December 1777 – 8 April 1839), styled The Honourable Du Pré Alexander from 1790 to 1800 and Viscount Alexander from 1800 to 1802, was an Irish politician, militia officer and colonial administrator who was the second child and only son of James Alexander, 1st Earl of Caledon.
Søre Vistvatnet
Søre Vistvatnet (Norwegian) or Åarjel Væstanjaevrie (Southern Sami) is a lake that lies in Vevelstad Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. Perched at an elevation of 555 metres (1,821 ft), it has a total surface area of 2.3 square kilometres (0.89 sq mi). It lies within the periphery of the wild Lomsdal–Visten National Park. The lake is locally known as Væstanjaevrie.

The 8.38-kilometre (5.21 mi) long shoreline makes for a solitary trek. The  lake lies in the southeastern part of the municipality.

Vevelstad Municipality
Vevelstad is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Forvik. The municipality is relatively small and isolated, with no road connections to the rest of Norway. It is only accessible by ferry, despite much of the municipality being located on the mainland.

The 539-square-kilometre (208 sq mi) municipality is the 198th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vevelstad Municipality is the 352nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 480. The municipality's population density is 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3% over the previous 10-year period.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), Pub. L. 95-109; 91 Stat. 874, codified as 15 U.S.C. § 1692 –1692p, approved on September 20, 1977 (and as subsequently amended), is a consumer protection amendment, establishing legal protection from abusive debt collection practices, to the Consumer Credit Protection Act, as Title VIII of that Act. The statute's stated purposes are: to eliminate abusive practices in the collection of consumer debts, to promote fair debt collection, and to provide consumers with an avenue for disputing and obtaining validation of debt information in order to ensure the information's accuracy. The Act creates guidelines under which debt collectors may conduct business, defines rights of consumers involved with debt collectors, and prescribes penalties and remedies for violations of the Act.  It is sometimes used in conjunction with the Fair Credit Reporting Act.

Fair debt collection
Fair debt collection broadly refers to regulation of the United States debt collection industry at both the federal and state level. At the Federal level, it is primarily governed by the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). In addition, many U.S. states also have debt collection laws that regulate the credit and collection industry and give consumer debtors protection from abusive and deceptive practices.  Many state laws track the language of the FDCPA, so that they are sometimes referred to as mini-FDCPAs.

Laws regulating telemarketing and phone solicitation can also apply to debt collection practices, including the Federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (TCPA).
Agnes Marshall Cowan
Agnes Marshall Cowan MRCOG (19 April 1880–22 August 1940) was a Scottish physician who was one of the first fully qualified female physicians in the UK, and a medical missionary in Manchuria during the Manchurian plague. She oversaw medical issues in the "Devil's Porridge" explosive factory at Gretna serving the demand for explosives during the First World War.

In 1934 she was the first Scottish female to be granted a professorship, but not until 1940 was a professorship granted within Scotland itself (Margaret Fairlie).

The Grange, Edinburgh
The Grange (originally St Giles' Grange) is an affluent suburb of Edinburgh, just south of the city centre, with Morningside and Greenhill to the west, Newington to the east,  The Meadows park and Marchmont to the north, and Blackford Hill to the south. It is a conservation area characterised by large early Victorian stone-built villas and mansions, often with very large gardens. The Grange was built mainly between 1830 and 1890, and the area represented the idealisation of country living within an urban setting.

The suburb includes streets which are renowned for their pricey properties, and it is home to some of Scotland's richest people, top lawyers and businessmen. Whitehouse Terrace, in the Grange area of the Capital, was named as the priciest postcode in Zoopla's 'Rich List for 2021'.
Brianne Murphy
Geraldine Brianne Murphy (1 April 1933 – 20 August 2003) was a British cinematographer. She was the first female director of photography for a major studio film and the first female who became a member of the American Society of Cinematographers Guild. Murphy is often referred to as a pioneer for women in the film industry.

Women in Film Honors
The Women in Film Honors (also known as WIF Honors; formerly Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards)—first presented in 1977 by the now–Los Angeles chapter of the Women in Film organization—are presented to honor women in communications and media. The awards include the Crystal Award, the Lucy Award, the Dorothy Arzner Directors Award, the MaxMara Face of the Future Award, and the Kodak Vision Award.
Löjtnant
Löjtnant (English: Lieutenant in the Swedish Army/Air Force, Sub-lieutenant in the Navy) is a company grade officer rank. In the army/airforce, it ranks above second lieutenant and below captain. In the navy, it ranks above acting sub-lieutenant and below lieutenant. It is equivalent to the specialist officers rank of förvaltare. The rank has been used in Sweden since the Middle Ages.

Underlöjtnant
Underlöjtnant (from the German word Unterleutnant) was the lowest officer rank in the Swedish Army from 1835 to 1937 instead of the previous ranks of fänrik and cornet. Fänrik was reintroduced in 1914 with the same position as underlöjtnant, from 1926 with lower position.
Michael Watts (geographer)
Michael J. Watts (born 1951 in England) is Professor Emeritus of Geography at the University of California, Berkeley. He retired in 2016. He is a leading critical intellectual figure of the academic left.

His first book, Silent Violence:Food, Famine and Peasantry in Northern Nigeria (1983, 2013), is considered a pioneering work in political ecology. Other published works include  Reworking Modernity: Capitalisms and Symbolic Discontent (1992, with Allan Pred), Liberation Ecologies (1996, 2004, with Richard Peet), The Hettner Lectures: Geographies of Violence (2000), Violent Environments (2001, with Nancy Lee Peluso) and the Curse of the Black Gold (2008, with photojournalist Ed Kashi).  Watts has also been an assistant editor of the award-winning New Encyclopedia of Africa (2008) and its predecessor, the Encyclopedia of Africa South of the Sahara (1997).

Nancy Lee Peluso
Nancy Lee Peluso is an American rural sociologist. She is the Henry J. Vaux Distinguished Professor of Forest Policy at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2006, she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship.