hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Planned giving
Planned giving (less commonly known as gift planning) is an area of fundraising that refers to several specific gift types that can be funded with cash, equity, or property.  These gift vehicles are commonly based on United States tax law, but Canada, the United Kingdom, and other nations are beginning to establish similar laws. In the United States the specific rules of planned giving are defined by the United States Congress and the Internal Revenue Service.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Putra of Perlis
Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail (Jawi: توانكو سر سيد هارون ڤوترا ابن المرحوم سيد حسن جمل الليل; 25 November 1920 – 16 April 2000) was the Raja of Perlis from 1945 until his death in 2000, and the third Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia), from 1960 to 1965.

Order of the Royal Family of Malaysia
The Most Excellent Order of the Royal Family of Malaysia (Malay: Darjah Yang Maha Utama Kerabat Diraja Malaysia) is a Malaysian federal award conferred to the Malay rulers who were appointed as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. It only has one rank.

This award is limited to 10 living recipients only at any time. The award was instituted on 18 April 1966 and gazetted on 30 June 1966. The last award was granted in 2024. It does not carry any title.
Miss Oregon
The Miss Oregon competition is a regional scholarship competition that selects the representative for the US state of Oregon in the Miss America pageant. The annual event includes contestants from across the state and awards scholarships to the participants.

Mya Cash of Eugene was crowned Miss Oregon 2025 on June 28, 2025, at the Seaside Convention Center in Seaside, Oregon. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026 in September 2025, in Orlando, Florida.

Miss America 2002
Miss America 2002, the 75th Miss America pageant, was televised live from Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on Saturday, September 22, 2001, on the ABC Network. The pageant was won by Katie Harman of Oregon, the first woman representing that state to take the crown.

Prior to the competition, the delegates spent a weekend in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where they participated in a parade and attended a reception and did some sightseeing. During their first week in Atlantic City, the September 11 attacks occurred, but despite the cancelling of the traditional pageant-eve parade, it was decided to hold the pageant as intended. The contestants themselves voted 2–1 to continue with the competition.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council, 1869–1872
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council who served from 1869 to 1872 were appointed for life by the Governor on the advice of the Premier. This list includes members between the beginning of the 1869–70 colonial election on 3 December 1869 and the beginning of the 1872 colonial election on 13 February 1872. The President was Sir Terence Murray.

Terence Aubrey Murray
Sir Terence Aubrey Murray (10 May 1810 – 22 June 1873) was an Irish-Australian pastoralist, parliamentarian and knight of the realm. 
He had the double distinction of being, at separate times, both the Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and the President of the New South Wales Legislative Council. From 1837 to 1859 he owned the Yarralumla estate, which now serves as the official Canberra residence of the Governor-General of Australia.
Pferderennplatz Meran
The Pferderennplatz Meran (Italian: Ippodromo di Maia) is an Italian racecourse, located in the town of Meran, South Tyrol, used for thoroughbred horse racing. It is one of the leading racecourses in Italy, hosting the annual Grosser Preis von Meran (Grand Prix of Meran).

As Meran grew in importance as a spa town due to the visits by Empress Elisabeth of Austria and the aristocracy, the need to have organised horse races grew. In 1896, the first horse race took place and in 1900 a permanent racecourse established, which featured flat, steeplechase, and trotting races.

Following the annexation of the town from Austria-Hungary to Italy after the end of World War I, the new fascist government constructed a new site in 1935. Paolo Vietti-Violi was the architect. The Grosser Preis von Meran was funded with the lottery and endowed with the highest prize money of the state lotteries. The event is one of the most important horse races is in the country and has produced many memorable wins.

Merano
Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy. Generally best known for its spa resorts, it is located within a basin, surrounded by mountains standing up to 3,335 metres (10,942 feet) above sea level, at the entrance to the Passeier Valley and the Vinschgau.

The city has been a popular place of residence for several scientists, literary people, and artists, including Franz Kafka, Paul Lazarsfeld and also Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who appreciated its mild climate.
Central Islip Psychiatric Center
The Central Islip Psychiatric Center, formerly State Hospital for the Insane, was a state psychiatric hospital in Central Islip, New York, United States from 1889 until 1996.

The center was one of the four major hospital "farms" in central Long Island to house the sick from New York City; the others were Kings Park, Pilgrim State Hospital, and Edgewood State Hospital. In 1955 it housed 10,000 patients, making it the second largest psychiatric hospital in the United States next to Pilgrim State Hospital, which was the largest psychiatric institution ever to exist in the United States.

Central Islip, New York
Central Islip (also known locally by its initials as CI) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 34,450 at the 2010 census.
Avrankou
Avrankou  [av.ʁɑ̃ŋ.ku] is a town, arrondissement, and commune in the Ouémé Department of south-eastern Benin. The commune covers an area of 150 square kilometres and as of 2013 had a population of 128,050 people.

Avrankou is home to a constituent monarchy, currently led by Latchè Holou Guidimadégbé.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
International Challenge Trophy
The International Challenge Trophy, originally known as the European Challenge Trophy, was an international association football competition. It is open to national teams featuring semi-professional U-23 footballers who have not yet won senior international caps. While the competition rules allow squads to select foreign-based players, some teams, including the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Italy, have opted to restrict selection to footballers playing in their home national leagues. The European Challenge Trophy was contested in 
2005–06 and featured just four teams - England C, Netherlands Amateurs U-23, Belgium U-21 and Italy Lega Pro U-21. England C won the inaugural competition. The competition was then relaunched as the International Challenge Trophy for the 2007–09 edition. This time the number of participants doubled. The 2009–11 edition was contested by eleven teams.

2007–2009 International Challenge Trophy
The 2007–09 International Challenge Trophy was the second edition of the International Challenge Trophy. It was contested by eight teams which were divided into two groups of four. The two group winners  - Belgium U-21 and England C qualified for the final. Belgium U-21 won the competition after beating England C 2–0 in the final.
James Bamford
James Bamford (born September 15, 1946) is an American author, journalist and documentary producer noted for his writing about United States intelligence agencies, especially the National Security Agency (NSA). The New York Times has called him "the nation's premier journalist on the subject of the National Security Agency" and The New Yorker named him "the NSA's chief chronicler."

In 2006, he won the National Magazine Award for Reporting for his writing on the war in Iraq published in Rolling Stone.

In 2015 he became the national security columnist for Foreign Policy magazine and he also writes for The New Republic.  His book, The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA From 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America, became a New York Times bestseller and was named by The Washington Post as one of "The Best Books of the Year."

A Pretext for War
A Pretext for War: 9/11, Iraq, and the Abuse of America's Intelligence Agencies is a 2004 book by journalist James Bamford that takes a highly critical view of the events around 9/11 and the subsequent Iraq War.

The book is divided into three parts: "Destruction", "Detection", and "Deception".
The Hugs
The Hugs are an American indie pop and psychedelic garage rock band from Portland, Oregon, formed in 2007 by lead singer-songwriter Danny Delegato, while attending Cleveland High School. A self-described "pop" band, their music is primarily influenced by the 1960s British Invasion movement and post-punk. The Hugs have self-released eight studio albums.

The Dandy Warhols
The Dandy Warhols are an American psychedelic/alternative rock band, formed in Portland, Oregon, in 1994 by singer-guitarist Courtney Taylor-Taylor and guitarist Peter Holmström. They were later joined by keyboardist Zia McCabe and drummer Eric Hedford. Hedford left in 1998 and was replaced by Taylor-Taylor's cousin Brent DeBoer. The band's name is a play on the name of American pop artist Andy Warhol.

The band gained recognition after they were signed to Capitol Records and released their major label album debut, ...The Dandy Warhols Come Down, in 1997. In 2001, the band rose to new levels of fame after their song "Bohemian Like You" enjoyed extensive exposure due to being featured in a Vodafone advertisement. The Dandy Warhols were the subject of the 2004 documentary film Dig!, along with San Francisco psychedelic outfit The Brian Jonestown Massacre. They have released 12 studio albums, two compilation albums, six EPs, and 27 singles to date.
Labpur railway station
Labpur railway station is an important railway station in Ahmadpur–Katwa line under Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside State Highway 6 at Labhpur of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal..The railway station is the gateway to the Fullara Maa Shaktipeeth Temple, one of the 51 shakti peethas in India. It also connects to Tarashankar's homeland and the Hansuli Bank area.

Ahmadpur–Katwa line
The Ahmadpur–Katwa line is a railway branch line connecting Ahmadpur Junction railway station in Birbhum district and Katwa in Purba Bardhaman district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Railway. This branch is crucial as it connects the Katwa-Bandel-Howrah/Sealdah route with the Khana-Rampurhat section of the Sahibganj loop, bypassing the Barddhaman Station.
Vallivue School District
Vallivue School District is a school district in Idaho. It is mostly based in Caldwell and Nampa, with locations in Canyon County. The Vallivue boundaries go as far as the Snake River. The Vallivue district boundaries border Middleton School District to the north, Nampa School District to the south, Caldwell School District to the northwest, and West Ada School District to the east.

The district includes portions of Caldwell and Nampa as well as Greenleaf and a small portion of Middleton.

Caldwell, Idaho
Caldwell (locally CALL-dwel) is a city in and the county seat of Canyon County, Idaho, United States. Caldwell is the 5th most populous city in Idaho. As of the 2020 census, Caldwell had a population of 59,996.

Caldwell is considered part of the Boise metropolitan area, and is the location of the College of Idaho.
Prix Saint-Michel
The Prix Saint-Michel (French pronunciation: [pʁi sɛ̃ miʃɛl]) was a series of comic awards presented in the City of Brussels from 1971 to 2019 (with a gap from 1987 to 2001), specifically recognizing excellence in Franco-Belgian comics. The festival awarded several prizes, the most prestigious of which was the "Grand Prix Saint-Michel," honoring lifetime achievement. After its revival in 2002 under new management, the prize continued until 2019, recognizing both outstanding work and the broader cultural significance of Franco-Belgian comics.

Hermann Huppen
Hermann Huppen (born 17 July 1938) is a Belgian comic book creator. He is better known under his pen-name Hermann. He is most famous for his post-apocalyptic comic Jeremiah which was made into a television series.
Barha Tegin
Barha Tegin (665 - 680 CE) was the first ruler of the Turk Shahis. He is only known in name from the accounts of the Muslim historian Al-Biruni and reconstructions from Chinese sources, and the identification of his coinage remains conjectural.

Tegin Shah
Shahi Tegin, Tegin Shah or Sri Shahi (ruled 680–739 CE, known to the Chinese as 烏散特勤灑 Wusan Teqin Sa "Tegin Shah of Khorasan") was a king of the Turk Shahis, a dynasty of Western Turk or mixed Western Turk-Hephthalite origin who ruled from Kabul and Kapisa to Gandhara in the 7th to 9th centuries.
Uhlerstown Covered Bridge
The Uhlerstown Covered Bridge spans the Delaware Canal in the village of Uhlerstown in Tinicum Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The historic bridge was built in 1856, and was reconstructed using original materials in 1985. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Covered Bridges of the Delaware River Watershed Multiple Property Submission (MPS). It is part of the Delaware Canal and the Uhlerstown Historic District. The bridge was documented by the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) in 2002.

The bridge was built in 1856 by Mahlon C. Lear and is the only covered bridge that crosses the Delaware Canal. It is next to lock 18 of the canal.

Nameplate

Lock 18, next to the bridge

Uhlerstown Historic District
The Uhlerstown Historic District, also known as Uhlerstown Village and Rural Historic District, is a national historic district that is located in and around Uhlerstown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 26, 1994, for its significance in architecture, commerce, and transportation.
Piquet GP
Piquet GP, formerly known as Minardi Piquet Sports or Minardi by Piquet Sports and Piquet Sports, is a motor racing team. The team's history can be traced back to when the GP Racing team was founded in 1997, and also to when Piquet Sports was created in 2000 by triple world champion Nelson Piquet. In 2007, Piquet Sports and GP Racing merged to create "Minardi Piquet Sports". In 2008, the team dropped "Minardi" from their name. In early 2009, the team was sold and rebranded as Piquet GP, but changed its name again in November to Rapax Team, once all remaining ties to part-owner Piquet were cut.

Roldán Rodríguez
Roldán Rodríguez Iglesias (born 9 November 1984 in Valladolid) is a Spanish former racing driver, who competed in the GP2 Series from 2007 to 2009. Prior to this he competed in Spanish Formula Three and various Formula 3000 categories.
2024 NBL1 season
The 2024 NBL1 season was the fifth season of the NBL1. The season consisted of five conferences: South, North, Central, West and East.

The third annual National Finals were held on the Sunshine Coast, with two South teams winning the NBL1 National championship for the second straight year. The Waverley Falcons won in the women while the Knox Raiders men defended their 2023 National title.

Waverley Falcons
Waverley Falcons is a NBL1 South club based in Melbourne, Victoria. The club fields a team in both the Men's and Women's NBL1 South. The club is a division of Waverley Basketball Association (WBA), the major administrative basketball organisation in the City of Monash. The Falcons play their home games at Waverley Basketball Centre.
Seven Ranges
The Seven Ranges (also known as the Old Seven Ranges) was a land tract in eastern Ohio that was the first tract to be surveyed, the Seven Ranges survey, in what became the Public Land Survey System. The tract is 42 miles (68 km) across the northern edge, 91 miles (146 km) on the western edge, with the south and east sides along the Ohio River.

It consists of all of Monroe, Harrison, Belmont and Jefferson, and portions of Carroll, Columbiana, Tuscarawas, Guernsey, Noble, and Washington County.

Ebenezer Sproat
Ebenezer Sproat (February 9, 1752 – January 7, 1805), surname also spelled Sprout, was an officer of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, a pioneer to the Ohio Country, and one of the founders of Marietta, Ohio, the first permanent American settlement in the Northwest Territory. He served throughout the entire American war of independence, from April 1775 through November 1783, achieving the rank of colonel. After the war, he was a pioneer and surveyor in the Northwest Territory, and became a leader of the militia at Marietta during the Northwest Indian War. He was the first sheriff in the Northwest Territory and Ohio, serving fourteen years as sheriff of Washington County, the oldest county in Ohio.
Danville, California
The Town of Danville is located in the San Ramon Valley in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is one of the incorporated municipalities in California that use "town" in their names instead of "city". The population was 43,582 at the 2020 census. Since 2018, for five consecutive years, Danville was named "the safest town in California".

The Iron Horse Regional Trail runs through Danville. It was first a railroad that has been converted to a 10-foot-wide (3.0 m) corridor of bike and hike trails as well as controlled intersections. Extending from Livermore to Concord, the trail passes through Danville.

Danville is also home to the Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site, Village Theatre and Art Gallery, and the Museum of the San Ramon Valley.

San Ramon Valley
37°45′N 121°57′W﻿ / ﻿37.75°N 121.95°W﻿ / 37.75; -121.95
The San Ramon Valley is a valley and region in Contra Costa County and Alameda County, in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in northern California.
Sierra County, California
Sierra County (/siˈɛrə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,236, making it California's second-least populous county. The county seat is Downieville; the sole incorporated city is Loyalton. The county is in the Sierra Nevada, northeast of Sacramento on the border with Nevada.

Forest, California
Forest, also known as Forest City, is a small unincorporated community town site in Sierra County, California, United States, in the Sierra Nevada.

The town site of Forest is located at 4,489 feet (1,368 m) in elevation.
Mission Valley Center station
Mission Valley Center station is a station on San Diego Trolley's Green Line. The street-level station has side platforms. It is located near Camino De La Reina between Mission Center Road and Camino Del Este. The station is located next to the Mission Valley mall and serves a massive commercial corridor in the Mission Valley East neighborhood.

Prior to July 2005, this station was served by the Blue Line until service between Old Town Transit Center and Mission San Diego was replaced by the Green Line upon its introduction in conjunction with the opening of the Mission Valley East extension.

Mission Valley, San Diego
Mission Valley is a wide river valley trending east–west in San Diego, California, United States, through which the San Diego River flows to the Pacific Ocean. For planning purposes the City of San Diego divides it into two neighborhoods: Mission Valley East and Mission Valley West.

Mission Valley was the site of the first Spanish settlement in California, established in 1769. The area currently serves as an important shopping and entertainment center for San Diego. Several condominiums and apartments can also be found in the area.
Asfa-Wossen Asserate
Le'ul Ras Asfa-Wossen Asserate (Amharic: አስፋ ወሰን ዓሥራተ; born 31 October 1948) is an Ethiopian-German political analyst and consultant for African and Middle-Eastern Affairs and best-selling author. A member of the Ethiopian royalty, he is the great-nephew of the last Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie I, great-grandson of the Empress Menen and son of the last President of the Imperial Crown Council, Le'ul Ras (Duke) Asserate Kassa and his wife Leult (Princess) Zuriash Worq Gabre-Iqziabher.

Solomonic dynasty
The Solomonic dynasty was the ruling dynasty of the Ethiopian Empire from the thirteenth to twentieth centuries. The dynasty was founded by Yekuno Amlak, who overthrew the Zagwe dynasty in 1270. He was descended from the legendary king Menelik I, the son of the biblical King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba of the Davidic line. The Solomonic dynasty remained in power until 1974, when its last emperor Haile Selassie was overthrown by a coup d'état.
Ali Shariati
Ali Shariati Mazinani (Persian: علی شریعتی مزینانی, 23 November 1933 – 18 June 1977) was an Iranian revolutionary and sociologist who specialised in the sociology of religion. He is regarded as one of the most influential Iranian intellectuals of the 20th century. He has been referred to as the "ideologue of the Islamic Revolution", although his ideas did not ultimately serve as the foundation for the Islamic Republic.

Red Shi'ism vs. Black Shi'ism
Red Shi'sm vs. Black Shi'ism is an essay written by the Iranian author Ali Shariati which discusses his ideas on the perceived dual aspects of the Shi'a religion throughout history. Red Shi'ism, which he sees as the pure form of the religion, is concerned with social justice and salvation for the masses and is devoid of idolatrous rituals and established clergy. Black Shi'ism, which he sees as the deviated form of the religion, falls under the domination of both monarchy and clergy, out of touch with the needs of the masses, and which came to be established in Iran under the Safavids.

It must be known that the Safavid dynasty did not form the idea of Black Shi'ism, but that this idea was formed after the defeat of Shah Ismail against the Ottoman leader Yavuz Sultan Selim. Black Shi'ism is a product of the post-Safavid period.
Léon Labbé
Léon Labbé (29 September 1832 – 21 March 1916) was a French surgeon and politician who was born in the village of Le Merlerault in the department of Orne. He was an uncle to physician Charles Labbé (1851–1889), who first described the inferior anastomotic vein ("vein of Labbé").

From 1856 to 1860 Labbé was a hospital intern in Paris, and in 1861 earned his medical doctorate. Afterwards, he was a surgeon at several hospitals in Paris, including the Hôpital Beaujon, where he was chief-surgeon for many years. In 1879 he became a member of the Académie de Médecine.

In 1892 he was elected to the Senate representing the department of Orne. In this role, he introduced various laws of interest to the medical community, including the 1914 Loi Labbé (Labbé Law), legislation that provided compulsory anti-typhoid vaccinations for French soldiers.

Charles Labbé
Charles Labbé (born 8 October 1851 in Merlerault; died 22 October 1889 in Paris) was a French surgeon, . He discovered what is now known as the vein of Labbé (inferior anastomotic vein) in his 3rd year of medical school.