hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tanichthys micagemmae
Tanichthys micagemmae is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish. It belongs in the mountain minnow family Tanichthyidae in the order Cypriniformes. It was only discovered in 2001, in a tributary of the Bến Hải River in Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam.  Its range includes what was the demilitarized zone between North and South Vietnam and was subject to intense bombing during the Vietnam War.

It is similar in appearance to the White Cloud Mountain minnow (T. albonubes), the most familiar member of its genus, which is a commonly sold freshwater aquarium fish. T. micagemmae can be distinguished from its more familiar relative primarily by the lighter coloration of its lower body and by the centered position of its lateral stripes, compared with a position well above the middle in T. albonubes.  Some older males develop spectacular elongated dorsal and anal fins.

The species is sold in England under the common name Vietnamese cardinal minnow.

Tanichthys
Tanichthys is a genus of freshwater fish. It is the only genus in the family Tanichthyidae in the order Cypriniformes. They are native to rivers and streams in China and Vietnam. Until recently, the type species, T. albonubes, was the only one known. In 2001, however, Jörg Freyhof and Fabian Herder described a new and very similar species, T. micagemmae, from the Ben Hai River in Vietnam, and Nguyễn Văn Hảo and Ngô Sy Van described a third species from Vietnam.

The name Tanichthys comes from the name of the Chinese Boy Scout leader, Tan Kam Fei, who discovered the first specimen.
National Snaffle Bit Association
The National Snaffle Bit Association (NSBA) is an equestrian organization in the United States that began by promoting and staging Western Pleasure events in 1983. Since then, focus has expanded to promoting the show horse at every level across multiple disciplines. The association is currently headquartered in Weatherford, Texas, United States.

Weatherford, Texas
Weatherford  (/ˈwɛðərfərd/) is a city in and the county seat of Parker County, Texas, United States. In 2020, its population was 30,854. Weatherford is named after Thomas J. Weatherford, a State senator and advocate for Texas's secession to the Confederate States during the American Civil War.
Toyono, Osaka
Toyono (豊能町, Toyono-chō) is a town situated in Toyono District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the town had an estimated population of 18,377 in 8,675 households and a population density of 540 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 34.34 square kilometres (13.26 sq mi).

Kawanishi, Hyōgo
Kawanishi (川西市, Kawanishi-shi)  is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 September 2022, the city had an estimated population of 155,165 and a population density of 2900 persons per km². The total area of the city is 53.44 square kilometres (20.63 sq mi).
Public transport in the Wellington Region
Public transport in the Wellington Region, branded under the name Metlink, is the public transport system serving Wellington and its surrounding region. It is the most used public transport system in New Zealand per capita, and consists of electric and diesel buses, suburban trains, ferries and a funicular  (the Wellington Cable Car). It also included trams until 1964, and trolleybuses until 2017.

Buses and ferries are privately owned, with the infrastructure owned by public bodies, and public transport is often subsidised. The Greater Wellington Regional Council is responsible for planning and subsidising public transport, and pays around $30 million for bus and train services each year. The system covers Wellington City, Lower Hutt, Upper Hutt, Porirua, the Kāpiti Coast and the Wairarapa.

New Zealand British Rail Mark 2 carriage
The New Zealand British Rail Mark 2 carriages were built by British Rail Engineering Limited for British Rail in the early 1970s. From the mid-1990s, 150 were exported to New Zealand. After being rebuilt, refurbished and re-gauged, they entered service with a variety of operators on New Zealand's railway network. The carriages generally replaced older NZR 56-foot carriages, some of which had been in use for almost 70 years.
Syncom
Syncom (for "synchronous communication satellite") started as a 1961 NASA program for active geosynchronous communication satellites, all of which were developed and manufactured by the Space and Communications division of Hughes Aircraft Company (now the Boeing Satellite Development Center). Syncom 2, launched in 1963, was the world's first geosynchronous communications satellite. Syncom 3, launched in 1964, was the world's first geostationary satellite.

In the 1980s, the series was continued as Syncom IV with some much larger satellites, also manufactured by Hughes. They were leased to the United States military under the Leasat program.

Delta (rocket family)
The Delta rocket family was a versatile range of American rocket-powered expendable launch systems that provided space launch capability in the United States from 1960 to 2024. Japan also launched license-built derivatives (N-I, N-II, and H-I) from 1975 to 1992. More than 300 Delta rockets were launched with a 95% success rate.  The series was phased out in favor of the Vulcan Centaur, with the Delta IV Heavy rocket's last launch occurring on April 9, 2024.
American wire gauge
American Wire Gauge (AWG) is a logarithmic stepped standardized wire gauge system used since 1857, predominantly in North America, for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically conducting wire. Dimensions of the wires are given in ASTM standard B 258. The cross-sectional area of each gauge is an important factor for determining its current-carrying capacity.

IEC 60228
IEC 60228 is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)'s international standard on conductors of insulated cables. As of 2023 the current version is Third Edition 2004-11
Among other things, it defines a set of standard wire cross-sectional areas:

In engineering applications, it is often most convenient to describe a wire in terms of its cross-section area, rather than its diameter, because the cross section is directly proportional to its strength and weight, and inversely proportional to its resistance. The cross-sectional area is also related to the maximum current that a metallic wire can carry safely.

This document is one considered fundamental in that it does not contain reference to any other standard.
Minions Paradise
Minions Paradise was a mobile game based on characters appearing in the animated family comedy film franchise Despicable Me. The game was developed by Electronic Arts in partnership with Illumination and Universal Partnerships & Licensing. It was given a soft launch on April 21, 2015 and was later given an official release on October 13 of the same year worldwide on Android and iOS.

The game was shut down on May 22, 2017 and removed from the store (for non-players); players could continue playing the game until the shutdown, but in-app purchases were disabled. After that the game servers went permanently offline, becoming unplayable.

Despicable Me
Despicable Me is an American media franchise created by Sergio Pablos, Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. It centers on a supervillain turned secret agent named Gru, his adoptive daughters, Margo, Edith, and Agnes, and his yellow-colored Minions. The franchise is produced by Illumination and distributed by its parent company Universal Pictures.

The franchise began with the 2010 film of the same name, which was followed by three sequels, Despicable Me 2 (2013), Despicable Me 3 (2017), and Despicable Me 4 (2024) and two spin-off prequels, Minions (2015) and Minions: The Rise of Gru (2022). The franchise also includes many short films, a television special, several video games, and a theme park attraction.
Elijah Stephens
Elijah Stephens also spelled Elisha Stevens was a blacksmith and trapper who was born in South Carolina. In 1844, he left Council Bluffs, Iowa as the captain of the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party, the first wagon train to cross the Sierra Nevada mountains into Alta California. He then moved to Cupertino, California, in 1848. Stevens Creek (then called Cupertino Creek) is named after him.

In 1862, Stephens left the area, heading to Kern County in central California. A state historic plaque in that city marks the approximate site of his homestead. Stephens died in Bakersfield, California in 1887. He was buried in Union Cemetery. His gravesite was discovered in 2009 by members of the Kern County Genealogical Society. On May 1, 2010, the Oregon-California Trails Association (OCTA) California/Nevada Chapter in cooperation with the Kern County Historical Society (KCHS) installed a historical plaque at the gravesite of Elijah Stephens.

Stephens–Townsend–Murphy Party
The Stephens–Townsend–Murphy Party consisted of ten families who migrated from Iowa to California prior to the Mexican–American War and the California Gold Rush. The group is significant in California history because they were the first wagon train to cross the Sierra Nevada in 1844, during the expansion of the American West. They pioneered the first route at or near what was later named Donner Pass. The crossing was a year before the third expedition of John Charles Frémont, two years before the Donner Party, and five years before the 1848–1849 gold rush. Three other known European exploration crossings of the Sierra Nevada had previously occurred at points south of this however, including Frémont's second expedition the previous winter, at Carson Pass.
Anders (crater)
Anders is a worn lunar impact crater that is located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It lies just to the southeast of the outer rim of the huge walled basin named Apollo. To the south-southeast is the crater Leavitt.

The oval-shaped Anders G intrudes slightly into the southeast rim of Anders. There is a tiny double-crater formation attached to the exterior of the northeast rim, and a short valley cuts into the northern wall. The interior floor is relatively flat, and is marked only by a tiny crater on the eastern wall.

Anders crater is named after the American astronaut William Anders. In 1968, Anders and his Apollo 8 crewmates became the first humans to orbit the Moon. Two nearby craters are named after the other crew members, Frank Borman (Borman crater) and Jim Lovell (Lovell crater).

Apollo (crater)
Apollo, also called the Apollo , is a large impact crater located  on the far side of the Moon, in the southern hemisphere. It was previously known as Basin XVI; in 1970 it was officially named after the Apollo missions by the International Astronomical Union.

The Chang'e 6 spacecraft landed within Apollo basin in 2024, collected samples of the surface, then brought them to Earth for analysis.
Diocese of Grand Island
The Diocese of Grand Island (Latin: Dioecesis Insulae Grandis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in northwestern and central Nebraska in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Omaha. Its Cathedral is the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Grand Island. Joseph G. Hanefeldt has been bishop since March 19, 2015.

James Albert Duffy
James Albert Duffy (September 13, 1873 – February 12, 1968) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the first bishop of the Diocese of Grand Island in Nebraska from 1917 to 1931. He previously served as bishop of the Diocese of Kearney in Nebraska from 1913 until its dissolution in 1917.
Heinrich Pierer
Heinrich August Pierer (26 February 1794 in Altenburg – 12 May 1850, Altenburg) was a German officer, lexicographer and publisher known particularly for his Universal-Lexikon der Gegenwart und Vergangenheit (Universal Lexicon of the Present and Past), a multi-volume encyclopedic dictionary first published in 1824 as Encyclopädisches Wörterbuch der Wissenschaften, Künste und Gewerbe. Bearbeitet von mehreren Gelehrten (Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts and Crafts. Edited by several scholars); it is considered "the first full-fledged modern general lexicon" (Gurst 1976).

Meyers Konversations-Lexikon
Meyers Konversations-Lexikon or Meyers Lexikon was a major encyclopedia in the German language that existed in various editions, and by several titles, from 1839 to 1984, when it merged with the Brockhaus Enzyklopädie.

Joseph Meyer (1796–1856), who had founded the publishing house Bibliographisches Institut in 1826, intended to issue a universal encyclopaedia meant for a broad public: people having a general knowledge as well as businessmen, technicians and scholars, considering contemporary works like those of Pierer and Brockhaus to be superficial or obsolete.
Journal of Business Cycle Research
The Journal of Business Cycle Research is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of economics with a focus on business cycles. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys. Until 2015 it was published jointly by the Centre and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The journal was established in 2004 as the Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis, obtaining its current title in 2016. The editor-in-chief is Marcelle Chauvet (University of California Riverside); previous editors were Günter Poser (2004–2005), Bernd Schips (2006–2007), and Michael Graff (2008-2020).

Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys
The Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys (CIRET) is a forum of scientists and institutions who analyse the development of business cycles and their effects on economic and social issues, specifically by means of Economic Tendency Surveys. It was founded in 1960 and is located at the KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. The current president is Jan-Egbert Sturm.
Lowmac
Lowmac is a United Kingdom railway term for a design of low-floored ('well') wagon. A Lowmac's purpose is for carrying vehicles or equipment that would normally be over the recommended height of a normal flatbed wagon, and hence exceed the loading gauge.

Class U special wagon
The International Union of Railways groups all special classes of railway goods wagon (less those in classes F, H, L, S or Z) into Class U in its goods wagon classification system.

These are:

Bulk goods wagons for transporting powders, etc.

Dual coupling wagons for joining wagons with different coupling systems

Barrier vehicles for joining wagons with different coupling systems

Well wagons, including low-deck wagons and Schnabel wagons

Self-discharging hoppers with loading hatches

Trials vehicles for RoadRailer and Kombirail systems for intermodal transport.

Between 1964 and 1979 bulk goods wagons for liquid and gaseous materials (tank wagons) were included in Class U before being reclassified in 1980 as Class Z.
Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies
The Organisation for the Maintenance of Supplies was a British right-wing movement, established in 1925 to provide volunteers in the event of a general strike. During the General Strike of 1926, it was taken over by the government to provide vital services, such as transport and communications.

1926 United Kingdom general strike
A general strike took place in the United Kingdom from 4 to 12 May 1926. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the British government to act to prevent wage reductions and worsening conditions for 1.2 million locked-out coal miners. Some 1.7 million workers went out, especially in transport and heavy industry.

It was a sympathy strike, with many of those who were not miners and not directly affected striking to support the locked-out miners. The government was well prepared, and enlisted middle- and upper-class volunteers to maintain essential services. There was little violence and the TUC gave up in defeat.
Akofodjoulè
Akofodjoulè is a town and arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Dassa-Zoumé. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 4,437.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Triglyceride
A triglyceride (from tri- and glyceride; also TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids.
Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates as well as vegetable fat.
They are also present in the blood to enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver and are a major component of human skin oils.

Many types of triglycerides exist.  One specific classification focuses on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated fats have no C=C groups; unsaturated fats feature one or more C=C groups. Unsaturated fats tend to have a lower melting point than saturated analogues; as a result, they are often liquid at room temperature.

Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D ratio (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double bonds) is 16:0. It is a major component of palm oil from the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (oil palms), making up to 44% of total fats. Meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products also contain palmitic acid, amounting to 50–60% of total fats.

Palmitates are the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4). Major sources of C16:0 are palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and milk fat.

Dietary palmitic acid intake is associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk through raising low-density lipoprotein.
Gadzhimurad Antigulov
Gadzhimurad Antigulov (born 1 January 1987) is a Russian mixed martial artist who currently competing in the light heavyweight division. A professional since 2009, he has  fought for the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), M-1 Global, and Absolute Championship Berkut, where he was a two-time light heavyweight champion.

Marcos Rogério de Lima
Marcos Rogério de Lima (born May 25, 1985) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who competed in the heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional since 2009, he formerly competed for Strikeforce, Shooto, and was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 3.
Aeolosaurus
Aeolosaurus (/ˌiːoʊloʊˈsɔːrəs/; "Aeolus' lizard") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now South America. Like most sauropods, it would have been a quadrupedal herbivore with a long neck and tail. Aeolosaurus is well known for a titanosaur, as it is represented by the remains of several individuals belonging to at least two species. However, like most titanosaurs, no remains of the skull are known.
The holotype of Aeolosaurus rionegrinus consists of a series of seven tail vertebrae, as well as parts of both forelimbs and the right hindlimb. It was discovered in the Angostura Colorada Formation in Argentina, which dates from the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, about 83 to 74 million years ago. The species A. maximus was transferred over to the new genus Arrudatitan in 2021.

Lago Colhué Huapí Formation
The Lago Colhué Huapí Formation is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation of the Chubut Group in the Golfo San Jorge Basin in Patagonia, Argentina. The formation, named after Lake Colhué Huapí, is overlain by the Salamanca Formation of the Río Chico Group and in some areas by the Laguna Palacios Formation.

The strata of the Lago Colhué Huapé Formation were thought to pertain to the Bajo Barreal Formation, but are now recognized as a distinct stratigraphic unit in their own right. The upper part of the Lago Colhué Huapí Formation has been dated to the upper Maastrichtian age of the late Cretaceous period. A basalt flow in the formation has been dated to 67.31 ± 0.55 million years ago, reinforcing the Late Maastrichtian age.
James Bond Car Collection
The James Bond Car Collection (or Bond in Motion) was a partwork magazine published by Eaglemoss Publications in the United Kingdom. In the UK, each issue was priced at £7.99 (issue 1: £2.99) and came with a 1:43 model of a car in a diorama from a James Bond film. Initially the models were produced by Universal Hobbies, later issues were models sourced from Ixo. In late 2005/January 2006 the magazine was first tested in two French regions, ending after five issues. These included models made by Eligor and Norev, instead of the Universal Hobbies models used later. After the Rolls-Royce had been distributed, the series finished until being redistributed as Bond in Motion in 2017.

Partwork
A partwork is a written publication released as a series of planned magazine-like issues over a period of time.  Issues are typically released on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly basis, and often a completed set is designed to form a reference work on a particular topic.
Helper dependent virus
A helper dependent virus, also termed a gutless virus, is a synthetic viral vector dependent on the assistance of a helper virus in order to replicate, and can be used for purposes such as gene therapy. Naturally occurring satellite viruses are also helper virus dependent, and can sometimes be modified to become viral vectors.

Helper virus
A helper virus is a virus that allows an otherwise-deficient coinfecting virus to replicate. These can be naturally occurring as with Hepatitis D virus, which requires Hepatitis B virus to coinfect cells in order to replicate. Helper viruses are also commonly used to replicate and spread viral vectors for gene expression and gene therapy.
Burtnieki Municipality
Burtnieki Municipality (Latvian: Burtnieku novads) was a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The administrative centre was Burtnieki. The municipality was formed in 2006 by merging Vecate Parish and Matīši Parish of Valmiera district. In 2009 it absorbed Burtnieki Parish, Ēvele Parish, Rencēni Parish and Valmiera Parish after the dissolution of districts.

On 1 July 2021, Burtnieki Municipality ceased to exist and its territory was merged into Valmiera Municipality.

Valmiera Municipality
Valmiera Municipality (Latvian: Valmieras novads) is one of the 35 municipalities established in Latvia in 2021, located approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of the national capital Riga. Its first elected municipal council took office on 1 July 2021. Its seat is the city of Valmiera.
SCCA ProRally
SCCA ProRally was an American rally racing series, run by the Sports Car Club of America from 1973 until 2004. The SCCA discontinued it for 2005, due to concerns about safety and insurance. It allowed Rally America to replace it, utilizing most of the same venues and existing infrastructure.

Rally America
The Rally America National Championship was the national championship of rallying events in the United States. The inaugural season was in 2005. Rally America was also the name given to the organization that sanctioned the championship, was briefly rebranded to RallyCar in July 2010, then reverted to Rally America the following year.