hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines
Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines (MCNP) is a private, nonsectarian, tertiary-level, learning institution in Cagayan Valley, Philippines that offers courses for health professions. It was established in 1994 by Doctor Ronald P. Guzman, referred to as "Father Eagle" by the school's stakeholders.

MCNP was granted an Award of Recognition for being assessed as Category a(t), Mature Teaching Institution under the Institutional Monitoring and Evaluation for Quality Assurance (IQUAME), as one of the first three Higher Education Institutions assessed nationwide and the only HEI in Region 2 on March 18, 2008. Currently, it has the 2nd highest number of enrollees in Region 2.

MCNP has a twin learning institution, the International School of Asia and the Pacific (ISAP), which offers international courses, and produces graduates in Customs Administration and Criminology.

It currently has two base hospitals: Dr. Ronald P. Guzman Medical Center and Holy Infant Hospital.

International School of Asia and the Pacific
International School of Asia and the Pacific (ISAP) is an international school in Cagayan province, Philippines. It provides International Education Programs and Courses. It was founded by Dr. Ronald P. Guzman, three years after he established Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines.

The institution has produced caliber graduates and board topnotchers in Customs Administration  and Criminology.
Network Security Services
Network Security Services (NSS) is a collection of cryptographic computer libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled client and server applications with optional support for hardware TLS/SSL acceleration on the server side and hardware smart cards on the client side. NSS provides a complete open-source implementation of cryptographic libraries supporting Transport Layer Security (TLS) / Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and S/MIME. NSS releases prior to version 3.14 are tri-licensed under the Mozilla Public License 1.1, the GNU General Public License, and the GNU Lesser General Public License. Since release 3.14, NSS releases are licensed under GPL-compatible Mozilla Public License 2.0.

Mozilla
Mozilla is a free software community founded in 1998 by members of Netscape. The Mozilla community uses, develops, publishes, and supports Mozilla products, thereby promoting free software and open standards. The community is supported institutionally by the non-profit Mozilla Foundation and its tax-paying subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation.

Mozilla's current products include the Firefox web browser, Thunderbird e-mail client (now through a subsidiary), the Bugzilla bug tracking system, and the Gecko layout engine.
Tyne Valley line
The Tyne Valley Line is a 58-mile (93 km) route, linking Newcastle upon Tyne with Hexham and Carlisle, England. The line follows the course of the River Tyne through Tyne and Wear and Northumberland. Five stations and two viaducts on the route are listed structures.

The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway was formed in 1829, and was opened in stages between 1834 and 1838.

Brampton railway station (Cumbria)
Brampton (Cumbria) is a railway station on the Tyne Valley Line, which runs between Newcastle and Carlisle via Hexham. The station, situated 10 miles 62 chains (10.8 mi; 17.3 km) east of Carlisle, serves the hamlet of Milton and the town of Brampton, Cumberland in Cumbria, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Clarinet Concerto (Mozart)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Clarinet Concerto in A major, K. 622, was completed in October 1791 for the clarinettist Anton Stadler. It consists of three movements, in a fast–slow–fast succession.

The work was completed a few weeks before the composer's death. It was to be his second to last completed work, 'Laut verkünde unsre Freude' (KV 623) being his last, and has been described as his swan song. The date of its first performance is not certain, but may have been 16 October 1791 in Prague.

The concerto was written to be played on the basset clarinet, which can play lower notes than an ordinary clarinet, but after the death of Mozart it was published with changes to the solo part to allow performance on conventional instruments. The manuscript score is lost, but from the latter part of the 20th century onwards many performances of the work have been given on basset clarinets in conjectural reconstructions of Mozart's original.

A major
A major is a major scale based on A, with the pitches A, B, C♯, D, E, F♯, and G♯. Its key signature has three sharps. Its relative minor is F-sharp minor and its parallel minor is A minor.

The A major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The A harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

In the treble, alto, and bass clefs, the G♯ in the key signature is placed higher than C♯. However, in the tenor clef, it would require a ledger line and so G♯ is placed lower than C♯.
Bocken Estate
Bocken Estate (German: Landgut Bocken) is a country estate in the municipality of Horgen of the Swiss canton of Zurich.  It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

From 1912 on Alfred Emil Schwarzenbach, a wealthy businessman in the silk industry and his wife Renée Schwarzenbach-Wille, horsewoman and amateur photographer, lived here with their family of five children. One of their daughters, novelist, travel journalist and photographer Annemarie Schwarzenbach grew up on the estate.

Renée Schwarzenbach-Wille
Marie Renée Schwarzenbach since 1904 Schwarzenbach-Wille (née Wille; September 4, 1883 – April 26, 1959) was a Swiss socialite and daughter of the Swiss General Ulrich Wille. She was a granddaughter of German diplomat Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck (1783-1860) on her mother's side, and of novelist Eliza Wille (1809-1893) on her father's side.

Schwarzenbach was an equestrian sportswoman competing in main show jumping events in Switzerland and Germany, including the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. She is also known for her detailed photographic family diary, and as the mother of novelist, travel literature writer and photographer Annemarie Schwarzenbach.
United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs
The Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) is one of the functional commissions of the United Nations' Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and is the central drug policy-making body within the United Nations System. The CND also has important mandates under the three international drug control conventions, alongside the three other treaty-mandated bodies: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (on behalf of Secretary-General), World Health Organization, and International Narcotics Control Board.

United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances
The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of  1988 is one of three major drug control treaties currently in force. It provides additional legal mechanisms for enforcing the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The Convention entered into force on November 11, 1990. As of June 2020, there are 191 Parties to the convention. These include 186 out of 193 United Nations member states (not Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, or Tuvalu) and the Holy See, the European Union, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the State of Palestine.
1986 National League Championship Series
The 1986 National League Championship Series was a best-of-seven postseason series in Major League Baseball’s 1986 postseason between the NL East champion New York Mets and NL West champion Houston Astros. It was the 18th NLCS and the first MLB playoff series in which the opponents were two "expansion" teams that had begun play in the same season (1962). The series was won by the Mets, four games to two, culminating with their 7–6, 16-inning triumph at the Astrodome in Game 6. New York then defeated the Boston Red Sox in the 1986 World Series, four games to three.

1986 New York Mets season
The 1986 New York Mets season was the Mets' 25th season in the National League. They improved from a 98–64 record in 1985 to finish the season with a franchise record of 108–54, giving them the division title. They went on to defeat the Houston Astros in six games in the NLCS and the American League champion Boston Red Sox in seven games in the World Series. This is their last championship to date.

The 1986 Mets are one of just three National League teams (the other two are the 1975 Cincinnati Reds and the 2022 Los Angeles Dodgers) to have won twice as many games as lost in the regular season since 1909. The team is often regarded as one of the best of all-time, being cited in 2021 by ESPN as a top contender for best MLB team of the previous half-century from 1970 to 2020.
Miracle Mile (Manhasset)
The Miracle Mile is a prominent shopping district in Manhasset in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It consists of the area along Northern Boulevard (NY 25A) between Community Drive to the west, and Port Washington Boulevard (NY 101) and Searingtown Road to the east.

New York State Route 25A
New York State Route 25A (NY 25A) is a state highway on Long Island in New York, United States. It serves as the main east–west route for most of the North Shore of Long Island, running for 73 miles (117 km) from Interstate 495 (I-495) at the Queens–Midtown Tunnel in the New York City borough of Queens to NY 25 in Calverton, Suffolk County. The highway is a northern alternate route of NY 25, which follows a more inland routing along Jericho Turnpike.

The route is known for its scenic path through decidedly lesser-developed areas such as Brookville, Fort Salonga, Centerport, and Roslyn. It is known by various names along its routing, the most prominent of which include Northern Boulevard, North Hempstead Turnpike, Main Street, Fort Salonga Road, and North Country Road. It merges with NY 25 for approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in Smithtown.
International Judo Federation
The International Judo Federation (IJF) is the international governing body for judo, founded in July 1951. Today the IJF has 200 National Federations on all continents. There are over 20 million people around the globe who practice judo, according to the IJF.

IJF World Tour
The IJF World Tour is a worldwide top-tier judo tour, organized by the International Judo Federation since 2009.

The IJF World Tour consists of the annual World Championships and World Masters, a series of Grand Slam and Grand Prix tournaments, the annual continental championships and open meets organized by the respective continental judo unions, as well as the annual World Juniors Championships. Achievements in these competitions are rewarded with ranking points, which are then used to determine a judoka's world ranking.
Sunday People
The Sunday People is a British tabloid Sunday newspaper. It was founded as The People on 16 October 1881.

At one point owned by Odhams Press, The People was acquired along with Odhams by the Mirror Group in 1961, along with the Daily Herald, which eventually became The Sun. It switched from broadsheet to tabloid on 22 September 1974.

The Sunday People is now published by Reach plc, and shares a website with the Mirror papers. In July 2011, when it benefited from the closure of the News of the World, it had an average Sunday circulation of 806,544. By December 2016 the circulation had shrunk to 239,364 and by August 2020 to 125,216.

Daily Herald (United Kingdom)
The Daily Herald was a British daily newspaper, published daily in London from 1912 to 1964 (although it was weekly during the First World War).   It was published in the interest of the labour movement and supported the Labour Party. It underwent several changes of management before ceasing publication in 1964, when it was relaunched as The Sun, in its pre-Murdoch form.
Christian Association of Washington
The Christian Association of Washington was an organization established by Thomas Campbell in 1809 to promote Christian unity.: 173   It was a study group that Campbell formed with like minded friends and acquaintances in the local neighborhood of Washington, Pennsylvania.: 173 : 80, 106   The group sought to foster unity by focusing on a common form of Christianity that they could all agree upon.: 173 : 106   This charter that Campbell wrote for this group, the Declaration and Address of the Christian Association of Washington, became one of the most important early texts of the Restoration Movement.: 173 : 80, 106 : 140

Thomas Campbell (minister)
Thomas Campbell (1 February 1763 – 4 January 1854) was an Irish–American Presbyterian minister who became prominent during the Second Great Awakening of the United States. Born in County Down, he began a religious reform movement on the American frontier.  He was joined in the work by his son, Alexander. Their movement, known as the "Disciples of Christ", merged in 1832 with the similar movement led by Barton W. Stone to form what is now described as the American Restoration Movement (also known as the Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement).
Sawi language (Dardic)
Sawi, Savi, or Sauji, is an endangered Indo-Aryan language spoken in northeastern Afghanistan and north-western Pakistan. It is classified as a member of the Shina language cluster within the Dardic subgroup.

It is spoken in the village of Sau, on the east bank of the Kunar River, around 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the town of Arandu, which is on the border with Pakistan's Chitral region.
Sawi speakers consider themselves part of the Gawar ethnic group, which is found in half a dozen of the surrounding villages and whose language is Gawarbati. In communicating with them, the people of Sau reportedly resort to using Pashto.
During the long period of unrest, the population of the village was displaced into refugee camps in Chitral and Dir, but reportedly many people have now returned to Afghanistan.

Dardic languages
The Dardic languages (also Dardu or Pisaca), or Hindu-Kush Indo-Aryan languages, are a group of several Indo-Aryan languages spoken in northern Pakistan, northwestern India and parts of northeastern Afghanistan. This region has sometimes been referred to as Dardistan.

Rather than close linguistic or ethnic relationships, the term Dardic is a geographical concept, denoting the northwesternmost group of Indo-Aryan languages. There is no ethnic unity among the speakers of these languages, nor can the languages be traced to a single ancestor.

The extinct Gandhari language, used by the Gandhara civilization, was Dardic in nature. Linguistic evidence has linked Gandhari with some living Dardic languages, particularly Torwali and other Kohistani languages.
Gerald Haskins
Gerald Haskins (c. 1885–1946) was a New Zealand-born and educated civil engineer, who worked for much of his career in Australia. He was one of the three original principals of the consulting engineering firm Gutteridge Haskins and Davey, which continues today in the form of the GHD Group.

Cecil Hoskins
Sir Cecil Harold Hoskins (1889–1971) was an Australian industrialist associated with the iron and steel industry. He is notable mainly for the establishment of the steel industry at Port Kembla, the company Australian Iron & Steel, and its subsequent merger with BHP in 1935. He was also on the board of the Australian Mutual Provident Society for many years and was its chairman from 1947 to 1962. He is less well known for his involvement in centre-right political organisations and the scouting movement, and his interest in landscape gardens.
Write-once (cache coherence)
In cache coherency protocol literature, Write-Once was the first MESI protocol defined. It has the optimization of executing write-through on the first write and a write-back on all subsequent writes, reducing the overall bus traffic in consecutive writes to the computer memory. It was first described by James R. Goodman in (1983). Cache coherence protocols are an important issue in Symmetric multiprocessing systems, where each CPU maintains a cache of the memory.

Cache coherence
In computer architecture, cache coherence is the uniformity of shared resource data that is stored in multiple local caches. In a cache coherent system, if multiple clients have a cached copy of the same region of a shared memory resource, all copies are the same. Without cache coherence, a change made to the region by one client may not be seen by others, and errors can result when the data used by different clients is mismatched.

A cache coherence protocol is used to maintain cache coherency. The two main types are snooping and directory-based protocols.

Cache coherence is of particular relevance in multiprocessing systems, where each CPU may have its own local cache of a shared memory resource.
Saarbrücken (district)
The Regionalverband Saarbrücken is a Kommunalverband besonderer Art, an integration of a  district (Kreis) and a district-free city. It is located in the south of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are Saarlouis, Neunkirchen, Saar-Pfalz, and Forbach-Boulay-Moselle and Sarreguemines in the French département Moselle.

Saarlouis (district)
Saarlouis (Sarrelouis in French) is a Kreis (district) in the middle of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are Merzig-Wadern, Sankt Wendel, Neunkirchen, Saarbrücken, and the French département Moselle.
Razakar slogans
Razakar slogans were a series of protest chants from the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement. The slogans became the main rallying cry of the movement and played a significant role in the July Revolution. The slogans emerged following Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina reference to protesting students as "grandchildren of Razakars" during a July press conference.

The slogans have been both praised as a mechanism to counter the deliberate political 'labelling' by the incumbent Awami League government of protesters into freedom fighters (e.g. in favour power of liberation) or Razakar (e.g. the opposite power of liberation); and have also been criticised as running against the dominant political narrative of the Bangladesh liberation war.

Razakar
Razakar (رضا کار) is etymologically  an Arabic word which literally means volunteer. The word is also common in Urdu language as a loanword. On the other hand, in Bangladesh, razakar is a pejorative word meaning a traitor or Judas.
Variants of the M113 armored personnel carrier
A huge number of M113 armored personnel carrier variants have been created, ranging from infantry carriers to nuclear missile carriers. The M113 armored personnel carrier has become one of the most prolific armored vehicles of the second half of the 20th century, and continues to serve with armies around the world in many roles.

M48 Chaparral
The M48 Chaparral is an American-made self-propelled surface-to-air missile based on the M113 family of vehicles. The MIM-72 missile is based on the AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile system.  The M48 entered service with the United States Army in 1969 and was phased out as the M48A2 between 1990 and 1998. It was intended to be used along with the M163 VADS, the Vulcan ADS covering short-range short-time engagements, and the Chaparral for longer range use.
Latgale neighbourhood
The Latgale neighbourhood of Riga is situated on the right bank of the Daugava River, located to the south of Old Riga. Until 2024, the neighbourhood was named Maskavas forštate (German: Moskauer Vorstadt), and was also known as Maskavas priekšpilsēta and colloquially as Maskačka—a name derived from the road historically connecting Riga to Moscow.

Latvian Academy of Sciences
The Latvian Academy of Sciences (Latvian: Latvijas Zinātņu akadēmija, Latin: Academia Scientiarum Latviensis) is the official science academy of Latvia and is an association of the country's foremost scientists. The academy was founded as the Latvian SSR Academy of Sciences (Latvian: Latvijas PSR Zinātņu akadēmija). It is located in Riga. The current president of the academy is Ivars Kalviņš.
Restorative Yoga
Restorative Yoga is the practice of asanas, each held for longer than in conventional yoga as exercise classes, often with the support of props such as folded blankets, to relax the body, reduce stress, and often to prepare for pranayama. The practice was foreshadowed by Iyengar Yoga's use of props in its deliberate style of asana practice.

Judith Hanson Lasater
Judith Lasater (born 8 March 1947) is an American yoga teacher and writer in the San Francisco Bay Area, recognized as one of the leading teachers in the country.

She helped to found The California Yoga Teachers Association, the Iyengar Yoga Institute in San Francisco, and Yoga Journal magazine. She is the author of numerous books on yoga practice and philosophy.
Ugo Legrand
Ugo Legrand (born 22 January 1989, Mont-Saint-Aignan) is a judoka from France. In 2012, he won bronze at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the -73 kg class.  He won his first match against Tomasz Adamiec, and his second against Hussein Hafiz. After losing his quarterfinal again Dex Elmont, he was entered into the repechage.  He won his first repechage match against Rasul Boqiev before winning his bronze medal match against Wang Ki-Chun.

Hussein Hafiz
Hussein Hafiz (born September 5, 1985, in Cairo) is an Egyptian judoka. He competed in the men's 73 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics; after defeating Osman Murillo Segura in the second round, he was eliminated by Ugo Legrand in the third round.
Past Doctor Adventures
The Past Doctor Adventures (sometimes known by the abbreviation PDA or PDAs) were a series of spin-off novels based on the long running BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who and published under the BBC Books imprint. For most of their existence, they were published side-by-side with the Eighth Doctor Adventures. The novels regularly featured the First through Seventh Doctors. The Infinity Doctors had an ambiguous place in continuity and featured an unidentified incarnation of the Doctor. The Eighth Doctor co-starred with the Fourth Doctor in one novel (Wolfsbane) and, after the Eighth Doctor Adventures had ceased publication, a novel (Fear Itself) featuring the Eighth Doctor and set between two earlier Eighth Doctor Adventures (EarthWorld and Vanishing Point) was published within the Past Doctor series.

Lists of books based on Doctor Who
Lists of books based on Doctor Who cover different types of book in the Doctor Who media franchise.
These include novels, audiobooks, and short story anthologies. The lists are organized by publisher and imprint.
Mitākṣarā
The Mitākṣarā is a vivṛti (legal commentary) on the Yajnavalkya Smriti best known for its theory of "inheritance by birth." It was written by Vijñāneśvara, a scholar in the Kalyani Chalukya court in the late eleventh century in the modern day state of Karnataka. Along with the Dāyabhāga, it was considered one of the main authorities on Hindu Law from the time the British began administering laws in India.  The entire Mitākṣarā, along with the text of the Yājñavalkya-smṝti, is approximately 492 closely printed pages.

Medhātithi
Medhātithi is one of the oldest and most famous commentators on the Manusmṛti, more commonly known as the Laws of Manu.  The Manusmṛti text is a part of the Hindu Dharmaśāstra tradition, which attempts to record the laws of dharma.
Acanthascus
Acanthascus is a genus of sponges in the family Rossellidae. Species include:

Acanthascus alani Ijima, 1898

Acanthascus cactus Schulze, 1886

Acanthascus koltuni Reiswig & Stone, 2013

Acanthascus malacus Reiswig, 2014

Acanthascus pachyderma Okada, 1932

Acanthascus platei Schulze, 1886

Acanthascus profundum (Koltun, 1967)

Rossellidae
Rossellidae is a family of glass sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosa. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found at a large range of depths (8–6,770 m (26–22,211 ft), and likely deeper).