hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis
The Hantzsch Pyrrole Synthesis, named for Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch, is the chemical reaction of β-ketoesters (1) with ammonia (or primary amines) and α-haloketones (2) to give substituted pyrroles (3).  
Pyrroles are found in a variety of natural products with biological activity, so the synthesis of substituted pyrroles has important applications in medicinal chemistry.  Alternative methods for synthesizing pyrroles exist, such as the Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis and Paal-Knorr Synthesis.

Knorr pyrrole synthesis
The Knorr pyrrole synthesis is a widely used chemical reaction that synthesizes substituted pyrroles (3). The method involves the reaction of an α-amino-ketone (1) and a compound containing an electron-withdrawing group (e.g. an ester as shown) α to a carbonyl group (2).
The Flintstones: Little Big League
The Flintstones: Little Big League is a 1978 animated television special featuring characters from The Flintstones franchise. It was produced by the Australian division of Hanna-Barbera and aired on NBC on April 6, 1978. It was an hour-long primetime special, as part of The Flintstone Primetime Specials.

It was the first fully-animated television film made in Australia.

Bamm-Bamm Rubble
Bamm-Bamm Rubble (sometimes spelled Bam-Bam Rubble) is a fictional character in the Flintstones franchise, the adopted son of Barney and Betty Rubble. He is most famous in his toddler form on the animated series, but has also appeared at various other ages, including as a teenager on the early 1970s spin-off The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show and as an adult in three television films. Cartoonist Gene Hazelton contributed to the original model sheets for the character, and he has said that he based Bamm-Bamm's design on his own son, Wes.
Centralia, Pennsylvania
Centralia (/sɛnˈtreɪliə/ sen-TRAY-li-ə) is a borough and near-ghost town in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States, part of Northeastern Pennsylvania. Its population declined from 1,000 in 1980 to five residents in 2020 because of a coal mine fire burning beneath the borough since 1962. Centralia, part of the Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area, is the least-populated municipality in Pennsylvania. It is completely surrounded by Conyngham Township.

All real estate in the borough was claimed under eminent domain in 1992 and condemned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Centralia's ZIP Code was discontinued by the Postal Service in 2002. State and local officials reached an agreement with the then seven remaining residents on October 29, 2013, allowing them to remain in Centralia until their deaths, after which the rights to their houses will be taken through eminent domain. As of 2020, only five residents remain.

Centralia mine fire
The Centralia mine fire is a coal-seam fire that has been burning in the labyrinth of abandoned coal mines underneath the borough of Centralia, Pennsylvania, United States, since at least May 27, 1962. Its original cause and start date are still a matter of debate. It is burning at depths of up to 300 feet (90 m) over an 8-mile (13 km) stretch of 3,700 acres (15 km2). At its current rate, it could continue to burn for over 250 years. Due to the fire, Centralia was mostly abandoned in the 1980s. There were 1,500 residents at the time the fire is believed to have started, but as of 2017 Centralia has a population of 5 and most of the buildings have been demolished.
Anglican Diocese of Osun North East
The Anglican Diocese of Osun North East is one of 17 dioceses within the Anglican Province of Ibadan, it is one of the 14 ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The Diocese was inaugurated in 2009. The first Bishop was the Right Rev. Humphrey Bamisebi Olumakaiye, who was succeeded in 2019 by  the Right Rev. Ebenezer Akorede Okuyelu.

The Bishop court is located at Bishop Olumakaiye City, Otan Ayegbaju, Osun State.

The Cathedral is located at Ikotun Street, Otan Ayegbaju, Osun State.

Ebenezer Akorede Okuyelu
Ebenezer Akorede Okuyelu was an Anglican bishop in Nigeria: he  was the  Bishop of Osun North East.

He was consecrated Bishop of  Osun North East in April 2019 at St David's Anglican Cathedral Church, Ijomu, Akure, by the Primate of All Nigeria, Nicholas Okoh.

In 2022, PIJAlance Magazine, a foremost Nigeria's Community Investigative Journalism Organisation, published that Bishop Okuyelu engaged in carnal knowledge with a prostitute. Subsequently, the Organisation reported that the Bishop was suspended, however, PIJAlance's url was subjected to a shadow ban by Meta. It took a year later before the challenge was resolved as a result of the issue, the Organisation reported.
Cambro
The Cambro was a very basic British three-wheeled, single-seat cyclecar made in 1920 and 1921 by the Central Aircraft Company of Northolt, Middlesex.

The car was designed by magazine editor F. J. Camm and G .A. Broomfield and powered by an air-cooled Johnson 192 cc two-stroke flat twin engine, driving the single rear wheel by a chain. The engine was more commonly found in outboard motors and mopeds. There was no reverse, but a free-wheel mechanism was fitted to help maneuver the machine by hand.

The Cambro weighed 165 lbs and was advertised as the cheapest car in the world, costing only 79 guineas (GBP83). The number made is not known.

Cyclecar
A cyclecar was a type of small, lightweight and inexpensive motorized car manufactured in Europe and the United States between 1910 and the early 1920s. The purpose of cyclecars was to fill a gap in the market between the motorcycle and the car. It could accommodate only two passengers, often sitting in tandem.

The demise of cyclecars was due to larger cars – such as the Citroën Type C, Austin 7 and Morris Cowley – becoming more affordable. Small, inexpensive vehicles reappeared after World War II, and were known as microcars.
Holly Lea and Plough Inn
Holly Lea and Plough Inn is a heritage-listed site on Holly Lea Road in Leumeah, New South Wales, an outer suburb of Sydney, Australia. The heritage listing includes a former residence, an inn and a storage shed. It was built from 1816 by William Ray. It is also known as Plough Inn; Three Brothers (inn); The Travellers' Home (inn); Borobine House; Hollylea;  and William Ray's Cottage Inn Coolroom. The property is privately owned. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Leumeah, New South Wales
Leumeah (/luːmiːɑː/) is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 52 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Campbelltown. It is north of the suburb of Campbelltown and is part of the Macarthur region.
Colle Brianza
Colle Brianza (Brianzöö: Còl) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Milan and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Lecco.

Colle Brianza borders the following municipalities: Airuno, Castello di Brianza, Dolzago, Ello, Galbiate, Olgiate Molgora, Santa Maria Hoè, Valgreghentino.

Valgreghentino
Valgreghentino (Brianzöö: Carghentin) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Milan and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Lecco.

Valgreghentino borders the following municipalities: Airuno, Colle Brianza, Galbiate, Olginate.
Phytosemiotics
Phytosemiotics is a branch of biosemiotics that studies the sign processing capabilities present in plants. Some functions that plants perform that utilize this simple semiosis includes cellular recognition, plant perception, intercellular communication, and plant signal transduction. Comparative to the sign processing present in animals and humans, phytosemiotics occurs at the cellular level, with communication between the cells of plants acting as a means of observing their surroundings and making rudimentary decisions.

Zoosemiotics
Zoosemiotics is the semiotic study of the use of signs among animals, more precisely the study of semiosis among animals, i.e. the study of how something comes to function as a sign to some animal. It is the study of animal forms of knowing.

Considered part of biosemiotics, zoosemiotics is related to the fields of ethology and animal communication. It was developed by semiotician Thomas Sebeok based on the theories of German-Estonian biologist Jakob von Uexküll. The field is defined by having as its subject matter all of those semiotic processes that are shared by both animals and humans. The field also differs from the field of animal communication in that it also interprets signs that are not communicative in the traditional sense, such as camouflage, mimicry, courtship behavior etc. The field also studies cross-species communication, for example between humans and animals.
INS Kalvari (S23)
INS Kalvari (S23) was the lead vessel of the Kalvari class of diesel-electric submarines of the Indian Navy. It was the first ever submarine inducted into service by the Indian Navy. The submarine was laid down on 27 December 1966 as Foxtrot-class submarine B-51 of the Soviet Navy by Novo-Admiralty at Galerniy Island, Leningrad.

Kalvari-class submarine (1967)
Kalvari-class submarines were the first submarines inducted into the Indian Navy. They were variants of the early Soviet Foxtrot-class submarines. Four of the class served in the Indian Navy. Four additional variants of the later Foxtrot class were inducted as the Vela class.

INS Kursura has been preserved as a museum on Ramakrishna Beach in Visakhapatnam. The sail of the lead vessel, INS Kalvari is also on display at the Visakhapatnam city museum.
Folly Island
Folly Island is a barrier island in the Atlantic Ocean near Charleston, South Carolina, United States. It is one of the Sea Islands and is within the boundaries of Charleston County, South Carolina. During the American Civil War, the 7-square-mile (18 km2) island served as a major staging area for troops of the Union Army that were attacking Confederate forces in the Charleston region. The largest settlement on Folly Island is Folly Beach.

Sea Islands
The Sea Islands are a chain of over a hundred tidal and barrier islands on the Atlantic Ocean coast of the Southeastern United States, between the mouths of the Santee and St. Johns rivers along South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. The largest is Johns Island, South Carolina. Sapelo Island is home to the Gullah people. All of the islands are acutely threatened by sea level rise due to climate change.
Gems of the Galaxy Zoos
Gems of the Galaxy Zoos (Zoogems) was a gap-filler project which used the Hubble Space Telescope to take images of unusual objects found by volunteers classifying data from both Galaxy Zoo (GZ) and Radio Galaxy Zoo (RGZ). Between the HSTs' main observations, there is a short time that objects within that field of view can be imaged using gaps which last approximately 12 - 25 mins. The Zoogems project sought to use those small observation gaps to image 300 candidates taken from the two Zoos in order to better study and comprehend them. Starting observations in May 2018, HST Proposal 15445 had by the end of September 2023 imaged 193 of the 300 candidates with many of them having near 11 minute exposures.

Radio Galaxy Zoo
Radio Galaxy Zoo (RGZ) is an internet crowdsourced citizen science project that seeks to locate supermassive black holes in distant galaxies. It is hosted by the web portal Zooniverse. The scientific team want to identify black hole/jet pairs and associate them with the host galaxies. Using a large number of classifications provided by citizen scientists they hope to build a more complete picture of black holes at various stages and their origin. It was initiated in 2010 by Ray Norris in collaboration with the Zooniverse team, and was driven by the need to cross-identify the millions of extragalactic radio sources that will be discovered by the forthcoming Evolutionary Map of the Universe survey.  RGZ is now led by scientists Julie Banfield and Ivy Wong. RGZ started operations on 17 December 2013, and ceased collecting new classifications on 1 May 2019.
Grand Prince Yeondeok
Grand Prince Yeondeok (born Wang Hun) or known before as Prince Yeondeok, was a Goryeo Royal family member as the 3rd and youngest son of Duke Gangyang, son of King Chungnyeol. Through his only daughter, he would become the maternal grandfather of King Gongyang. He was once imprisoned after committing adultery with Kim Yŏng-jang (김영장)'s widow, but was soon released after his brother exerted pressure on Goryeo court due to the power he had from Yuan.

Wang Ko
Wang Ko (Korean: 왕고; Hanja: 王暠; Mongolian name: Öljeyitü (完澤禿); d. 1345), known by his Korean Royal title as Prince Yeonan (연안군; 延安君) and served in Yuan as King Shen of Yang (심양왕; 瀋王), was a Goryeo Royal Family member as the son of Duke Gangyang and grandson of King Chungnyeol who became a nobleman in Yuan Dynasty and a potential competitor to King Chungseon (his half uncle) and King Chungsuk which favored him.
Sof passuk
The sof passuk (Hebrew: סוֹף פָּסוּק, romanized: sof pāsuq, lit. 'end of verse') is the mark of Hebrew cantillation that occurs on the last word of every verse, or pasuq, in the Hebrew Bible. Some short verses contain only members of the sof passuk group. A sof pasuq is preceded by the  סילוק silluq in the last word of the verse.

The conjunctive (mesharet) which precedes the sof pasuq is always a mercha. The last disjunctive (mafsiq) before it is always a tipcha, or eventually a etnachta.

In some rare cases, and only when the last disjunctive was an etnachta, the secondary stress of the sof pasuw is replaced by a tipcha instead of the usual meteg, as in לְדֹרֹ֖תֵיכֶֽם (Numbers 15:21). This combination is called me'ayelá (מְאַיְלָא Biblical Hebrew pronunciation: [məʾēyəlā]).

Tipcha
Tipcha (Hebrew: טִפְּחָא, also spelled Tifkha, Tifcha and other variant English spellings) is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books that are chanted. In Sephardic and Oriental traditions, it is called Tarcha, meaning "dragging" or "effort".

The Tipcha is found in both the Etnachta group as the second member of that group, and in the Sof passuk group, though the melody varies slightly in each. While it is a weak sound, it is considered to be stronger than a Tevir

The Hebrew word טִפְחָא translates into English as diagonal. It is related to the word tefach (טפח, measurement of the palm). The tipcha does not have a separating value of its own, as it is in the middle of a set of words.

Tipcha occurs in the Torah 11,285 times, more than any other trope sound. Tipcha is the only trope sound to appear more than 10,000 times in the Torah.

The first word of the Torah בראשית (Bereshit) is on a Tipcha.
Tonton Macoute
The Tonton Macoute (Haitian Creole: Tonton Makout [tɔ̃tɔ̃ makut]) or simply the Macoute, was a Haitian paramilitary and secret police force created in 1959 by dictator François "Papa Doc" Duvalier. Haitians named this force after the Haitian mythological bogeyman, Tonton Macoute ("Uncle Gunnysack"), who kidnaps and punishes unruly children by snaring them in a gunny sack (macoute) before carrying them off to be consumed for breakfast. The Macoute were known for their brutality, state terrorism, and assassinations. In 1970, the militia was renamed the Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale (VSN, English: National Security Volunteers). Though formally disbanded in 1986, its members continued to terrorize the country.

Duvalier family
The Duvalier family (French: Dynastie des Duvalier; Haitian Creole: Dinasti Duvalier) was a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost 29 years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father-and-son duo François Duvalier ("Papa Doc") and Jean-Claude Duvalier ("Baby Doc").
Brochfael ab Elisedd
Brochfael ab Elisedd was a king of Powys in the mid-8th century, who inherited the throne from his father, Elisedd ap Gwylog. Upon his death, he was succeeded by his son, Cadell ap Brochfael. His name also was inscribed (as "Brochmail") in the Pillar of Eliseg.

Kingdom of Powys
The Kingdom of Powys (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈpowɪs]; Latin: Regnum Poysiae) was a Welsh successor state, petty kingdom and principality that emerged during the Middle Ages following the end of Roman rule in Britain. It very roughly covered the northern two-thirds of the modern county of Powys and part of today's English West Midlands (see map). More precisely, and based on the Romano-British tribal lands of the Ordovices in the west and the Cornovii in the east, its boundaries originally extended from the Cambrian Mountains in the west to include the modern West Midlands region of England in the east. The fertile river valleys of the Severn and Tern are found there, and this region is referred to in later Welsh literature as "the Paradise of Powys" (an epithet retained in Welsh for the modern UK county).
Buffy the Vampire Slayer season 3
The third season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer premiered on September 29, 1998  on The WB and episode 22, the second of the two part season finale, aired on July 13, 1999. However, episode 18 "Earshot" did not air until September 21, 1999, shortly before the season 4 premiere. The show maintained its previous time slot, airing Tuesdays at 8:00 pm ET. "Earshot" and "Graduation Day, Part Two", were delayed in the wake of the Columbine High School massacre because of their content.

Doug Petrie
Douglas Petrie is an American screenwriter, director, and producer. Best known as a writer, director, and co-executive producer on Buffy the Vampire Slayer. He co-wrote the screenplays for the Fantastic Four film and Harriet the Spy. He has also written for the television shows Angel, The 4400, Tru Calling and American Horror Story: Coven. He served as a co-executive producer and writer for two seasons on CSI: Crime Scene Investigation and as a consulting producer and writer on the second season of Pushing Daisies. He made a cameo on Joss Whedon's web-based film, Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog, as "Professor Normal". He served as co-executive producer on the first season of the Netflix show Daredevil, and took over as showrunner for its second season alongside Marco Ramirez. In April 2016 Petrie and Ramirez were announced as showrunners of The Defenders, a miniseries that crosses over Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage, and Iron Fist.
WGRZ
WGRZ (channel 2) is a television station in Buffalo, New York, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Tegna Inc. The station's studios are located on Delaware Avenue in downtown Buffalo, and its transmitter is located on Warner Hill Road in South Wales, New York.

Danny Neaverth
Daniel J. "Danny" Neaverth Sr. (/ˈnɛvrəθ/ NEV-rəth; born May 11, 1938) is an American disc jockey and television personality from Buffalo, New York. He is best known for a run of over 40 years as a morning disc jockey in Buffalo, including 25 years at heritage top-40 and oldies station WKBW/WWKB, another 15 years at oldies/classic hits WHTT-FM and a three-year run at WECK. As of 2026, he currently hosts at WEBR.
Waischenfeld
Waischenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪʃn̩ˌfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Bayreuth, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in Franconian Switzerland, 20 km southwest of Bayreuth.

It consists of the following districts: Aalkorb, Breitenlesau, Doos, Eichenbirkig, Gösseldorf, Gutenbiegen, Hammermühle, Hannberg, Heroldsberg, Heroldsberg-Tal, Hubenberg, Köttweinsdorf, Kugelau, Langenloh, Löhlitz, Nankendorf, Neusig, Pulvermühle, Rabeneck, Sauerhof, Saugendorf, Schafhof, Schlößlein, Schönhaid, Schönhof, Seelig, Siegritzberg, Waischenfeld, Zeubach.

The town is the location of Waischenfeld Castle.

Waischenfeld Castle
Waischenfeld Castle (German: Burgruine Waischenfeld) is a ruined rock castle on a rocky plateau a few metres west of the town of Waischenfeld in the province of Upper Franconia in the German state of Bavaria.
Cooloola Great Walk
The Cooloola Great Walk is a 102 kilometres (63 mi) coastal bushwalking route in the Great Sandy National Park of South East Queensland, Australia. Opened in 2010, it runs from Noosa North Shore through Cooloola to Rainbow Beach, and is planned as a five-day trek. The hiking trail was officially opened by Climate Change and Sustainability Minister Kate Jones in March 2010.

Rainbow Beach, Queensland
Rainbow Beach is a coastal rural town and locality in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Rainbow Beach had a population of 1,220 people.

It is a popular tourist destination, both in its own right and as a gateway to K'gari (formerly known as Fraser Island), with a vehicle ferry frequently running to the southern point of K'gari.
Martin Leiser
Martin Leiser (born 17 June 1978) is a Swiss athlete, who specializes in the 400 m hurdles.

Leiser finished fourth in 4 × 400 m relay at the 2004 World Indoor Championships, together with teammates Alain Rohr, Cédric El-Idrissi and Andreas Oggenfuss. Earlier, during the series, the same Swiss team had realised 3.04,09, a new national record.

His personal best time is 50.28 seconds, achieved during the 2003 Summer Universiade in Daegu.

Alain Rohr
Alain Rohr (born 25 December 1971) is a retired Swiss athlete, who specialized in the 400 m hurdles.

Rohr finished fourth in 4 × 400 m relay at the 2004 World Indoor Championships, together with teammates Cédric El-Idrissi, Martin Leiser and Andreas Oggenfuss. Earlier, during the series, the same Swiss team had realised 3.04,09, a new national record.He finished fifth in 400 m at the 2000 European Indoor Championships.

His personal best time in the 400 m hurdles is 49.19 seconds, achieved in July 2001 in Lausanne.
Negev Brigade
The Negev Brigade (Hebrew: חטיבת הנגב, Hativat HaNegev), originally the 12th Brigade is an Israeli reserve infantry brigade under the Sinai Division, that originally served in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.

Operation Yoav
Operation Yoav (also called Operation Ten Plagues or Operation Yo'av) was an Israeli military operation carried out from 15–22 October 1948 in the Negev Desert, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Its goal was to drive a wedge between the Egyptian forces along the coast and the Beersheba–Hebron–Jerusalem road, and ultimately to conquer the whole Negev. Operation Yoav was headed by the Southern Front commander Yigal Allon. The operation was named after Yitzhak Dubno, codenamed "Yoav" by his commanders in the Palmach. Dubno, a senior Palmach officer, was charged with planning and leading the defense of the kibbutzim Negba and Yad Mordechai. Dubno was killed in an air raid on Kibbutz Negba shortly after Egyptian forces began their offensive on Israel's southern front.
Afton, New York
Afton is a town in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 2,769 at the 2020 census. Afton is situated in the southeast corner of the county and lies wholly within the original Township of Clinton. It was formed from the town of Bainbridge on November 18, 1857, and derives its name from Afton Water, a small river in the parish of New Cumnock, Ayrshire, Scotland, immortalized by the poet Robert Burns. It is bounded on the north by Bainbridge and Coventry, on the east by Delaware County, and on the west and south by Broome County.

The town of Afton contains a village, also called Afton. The town is at the southeastern corner of the county and is northeast of Binghamton.

New York State Route 41
New York State Route 41 (NY 41) is a north–south state highway in Central New York in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at an interchange with NY 17 (Future Interstate 86) in the town of Sanford in Broome County, New York. Its northern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 20 (US 20) in the village of Skaneateles. The route is almost 100 miles (161 km) long and passes through Broome, Chenango, Cortland, and Onondaga counties. NY 41 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, replacing New York State Route 70 from Homer to Skaneateles. The route initially extended as far north as Jordan; however, NY 41 was cut back to its current northern terminus c. 1933.