hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wellsburg, West Virginia
Wellsburg is a city in and the county seat of Brooke County, West Virginia, United States. The 2020 census recorded a population of 2,455. It is a part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area. The city's economy includes several telemarketing facilities, and a factory that does metal fabrication and plastics molding.

Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area
The Weirton–Steubenville, WV–OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as the Upper Ohio Valley, is a metropolitan statistical area consisting of two counties in the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia and one in Ohio, anchored by the cities of Weirton and Steubenville. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 116,903. This puts it at 334th largest in the United States. It is also included in the larger Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton, PA–OH–WV Combined Statistical Area.

Centered around the Ohio River, the Upper Ohio Valley was historically a manufacturing center of the United States due to its strategic transportation location.
Long-term memory
Long-term memory (LTM) is the stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely. It is defined in contrast to sensory memory, the initial stage, and short-term or working memory, the second stage, which persists for about 18 to 30 seconds. LTM is grouped into two categories known as explicit memory (declarative memory) and implicit memory (non-declarative memory). Explicit memory is broken down into episodic and semantic memory, while implicit memory includes procedural memory and emotional conditioning.

Working memory
Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. It is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.
London and Blackwall Railway
Originally called the Commercial Railway, the London and Blackwall Railway (L&BR) in east London, England, ran from Minories to Blackwall via Stepney, with a branch line to the Isle of Dogs, connecting the City of London and East End to many of London's docks in Poplar. It was operational from 1840 until 1926 (for passengers) and 1968 (for goods), closing after the decline of inner London's docks. Much of its infrastructure was reused as part of the Docklands Light Railway. The L&BR was leased by the Great Eastern Railway in 1866, but remained independent until absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 Grouping. Another branch was opened in 1871, the Millwall Extension Railway.

Bow Road railway station
Bow Road is a closed railway station in Bow, East London, that was opened in 1876 on the Bow Curve branch line by the Great Eastern Railway (GER).

The station building was situated slightly west of a former North London Railway (NLR) station called Bow and near the current Bow Road Underground station and Bow Church DLR station. Bow Road station was re-sited in 1892 to a site 3 miles 7 chains (5 km) down-line from Fenchurch Street. It was closed in 1949.
Raghuvir (spiritual leader)
Raghuvirji (21 Mar 1812 - 9 Feb 1863), known to devotees as "Sanatan Dharma Dhurandar Acharya Maharaj Shree 1008 Raghuvirji Maharaj", was the first acharya of the LaxmiNarayan Dev Gadi of the ShriSwaminarayan Sampraday sect of Hinduism. He was the son of Iccharam, Lord Swaminarayan's younger brother. He was adopted by Swaminarayan as his son and he was the first successor of Swaminarayan in the southern diocese (Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi, Vadtal). He was enthroned as acharya there on 10 November 1826 and held the post till his death. He was the first acharaya to wear the red topi hat, as (Ayodhyaprasad), the then-acharaya of the Nar Narayan Dev Gadi liked to wear a white pagh The acharya's responsibilities and duties are outlined in many of the sect's scriptures.

Nar Narayan Dev Gadi
The Nar Narayan Dev Gadi (Naranarāyan Dēv Gadī), named after the two forms of supreme lord Nara-Narayana, is one of the two Gadis (seats) that together form the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. Its headquarter is at the Swaminarayan Temple, Ahmedabad and controls the Uttar Vibhag (North division).

The current acharya (spiritual leader) of the Gadi is Koshalendraprasad.
Tamana, Kiribati
Tamana (also Rotcher Island) is the smallest island in the Gilbert Islands. It is accessible both by boat and by air with Air Kiribati and Coral Sun Airways (once a week; Tamana Airport code: TMN). 1,054 people live in Tamana (2020 census).

Tamana is the second southernmost island in the Gilbert group and the smallest inhabited  island in Kiribati. The island is approximately 6 km (4 mi) in length, 1 km (0.6 mi) at its widest point, and  has a total land area of 4.73 km2 (1.83 sq mi). Tamana is a reef island with no lagoon.

The Island Council is located at Bakaakaa, the central village of the island and this is also  where the rest of the Government facilities are located such as the CB radio for inter-island communication, the hardware store, and the fuel depot. The schools (Primary and JSS) and the  Medical facilities are also located in the same village.

Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands (Gilbertese: Tungaru; formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill Islands) are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii. They constitute the main part of the country of Kiribati (the name of which is a rendering of "Gilberts" in the phonology of the indigenous Gilbertese).
Khassonké people
The Khassonké  (pronounced "kassonkay") are an ethnic group of Mali's Kayes Region. Descendants of the Fula and Malinké Khasso kingdoms, they speak the Khassonke/Xaasongaxango language, a Manding language similar to Bambara.

Their traditional musical instruments are the dundunba (a big cylindrical drum with two skins), the jingò (a small cylindrical drum with two skins), the tantanwò (a small drum), the tamandinwo (an aisselle drum), as well as lutes and harps and hunters' whistles.

Kassonke language
The Kassonke (Khassonké) language, Xaasongaxango (Xasonga), or Western Maninka (Malinke), is a Manding language spoken by the Khassonké and Malinke of western Mali and by the Malinke of eastern Senegal. Kassonke is an official language in Mali. Western and Eastern Maninka are 90% mutually intelligible, though distinct from the Mandinka (Malinke) of southern Senegal, which is a national language there.
Eternity Range
The Eternity Range (69°46′S 64°34′W﻿ / ﻿69.767°S 64.567°W﻿ / -69.767; -64.567﻿ (Eternity Range)) is a range of mountains 28 nautical miles (52 km; 32 mi) long, rising to 3,239 metres (10,627 ft), and trending north–south approximately in the middle of the Antarctic Peninsula.
The range is divided into three main mountain blocks, the major summits in each from north to south being Mounts Faith, Hope and Charity.

Stefansson Strait
Stefansson Strait (69°26′S 62°25′W﻿ / ﻿69.433°S 62.417°W﻿ / -69.433; -62.417﻿ (Stefansson Strait)) is an ice-filled strait 35 nautical miles (65 km; 40 mi) long and 3 to 10 nautical miles (5.6 to 18.5 km; 3.5 to 11.5 mi) wide, between the east coast of Palmer Land and Hearst Island, Antarctica.
Ballerina (2023 film)
Ballerina (Korean: 발레리나), is a 2023 South Korean action thriller film written and directed by Lee Chung-hyun. The film stars Jeon Jong-seo, Kim Ji-hoon and Park Yu-rim in the lead roles. It premiered at the 28th Busan International Film Festival in the 'Korean Cinema Today – Special Premiere' section on October 5, 2023. Ballerina streamed globally on Netflix from October 6, 2023.

Park Hyung-soo
Park Hyung-soo (born December 3, 1980) is a South Korean actor. He is known for his roles in dramas such as Arthdal Chronicles, The Devil Judge, Ballerina, Crash Landing on You and Happiness. He also appeared in movies Confidential Assignment, The Chase, Hit-and-Run Squad, Kingmaker and Confidential Assignment 2: International.
Charente (river)
The Charente (French: [ʃaʁɑ̃t] ⓘ; Occitan: Charanta [tʃaˈɾantɔ]) is a 381-kilometre (237 mi) long river in southwestern France.  
Its source is in the Haute-Vienne département at Chéronnac, a small village near Rochechouart. It flows through the departments of Haute-Vienne, Charente, Vienne and Charente-Maritime. The river flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Rochefort.

Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne (French: [ot vjɛn]; Occitan: Nauta Vinhana or Nauta Viena), also translated as Upper Vienne, is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwest-central France. Named after the Vienne River, it is one of the twelve départements that together constitute Nouvelle-Aquitaine. The prefecture and largest city in the department is Limoges, the other towns in the department each having fewer than twenty thousand inhabitants. Haute-Vienne had a population of 372,359 in 2019.
Sarykol District
Sarykol (Kazakh: Сарыкөл ауданы, Saryköl audany) is a district of Kostanay Region in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the urban-type settlement of Sarykol. Population: 23,387 (2013 estimate); 24,785 (2009 census results); 31,087 (1999 census results).

Kostanay Region
Kostanay Region (Kazakh: Қостанай облысы, romanized: Qostanai oblysy) is a region of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is the city of Kostanay.  The population of the region is 835,686.  The population living in Kostanay is 207,000, which is equivalent to 23% of the region.
Kirk's dik-dik
Kirk's dik-dik (Madoqua kirkii) is a species of small dik-dik antelope native to Eastern and Southern Africa. It is believed to have six subspecies and possibly a seventh existing in southwest Africa. Dik-diks are herbivores, typically of a fawn color that aids in camouflaging themselves in savannah habitats. According to MacDonald (1985), they are also capable of reaching speeds  up to 42 km/hour. The lifespan of Kirk's dik-dik in the wild is typically 5 years, but may surpass 10 years. In captivity, males have been known to live up to 16.5 years, while females have lived up to 18.4 years.

Dik-dik
The dik-diks are four species of small antelope in the genus Madoqua, all of which live in the bushlands of eastern and southern Africa.

Dik-diks stand about 30–40 centimetres (12–15.5 in) at the shoulder, are 50–70 cm (19.5–27.5 in) long, weigh 3–6 kilograms (6.6–13.2 lb) and can live for up to 10 years. Dik-diks are named for the alarm calls of the females. In addition to the females' alarm call, both the male and female make a shrill, whistling sound. These calls may alert other animals to predators.
Interstate 80 Business (Winnemucca, Nevada)
Interstate 80 Business (I-80 Bus) is an Interstate business route in Humboldt County, Nevada. Serving the city of Winnemucca along Winnemucca Boulevard, I-80 Bus is also cosigned along portions of three other state highways through the city:

US Route 95 (US 95) from Interstate 80 (I-80) exit 176 to Melarkey Street.

State Route 289 (SR 289) from US 95 at Melarkey Street to East Second Street.

SR 794 from SR 289 at East Second Street to I-80 exit 180.

U.S. Route 95 in Nevada
U.S. Route 95 (US 95) is a major U.S. highway traversing the U.S. state of Nevada from north to south directly through Las Vegas and providing connections to both Carson City (via US 50 in Silver Springs, Nevada area only) and Reno (via Interstate 80 in Fernley, Nevada only or U.S. 95A north to U.S. 50 west to I-580/U.S. 395 north in Carson City, Nevada area only). US 95 is cosigned with Interstate 80 for 95 miles (153 km) between Winnemucca and a junction 32 miles north of Fallon before heading north into Oregon at McDermitt. At 646.71 miles (1,040.78 km), it is the longest highway in Nevada.

Along much of its course through Nevada, US 95 has signs designating it as the Veterans Memorial Highway. A portion of the route in Las Vegas northwest of downtown is also called the Oran K. Gragson Freeway, named for Las Vegas mayor Oran K. Gragson who advocated for construction of that portion of freeway in the 1960s.
Victoria Hamilton
Victoria Hamilton (born Victoria Sharp; born 5 April 1971) is an English actress known for her roles in theatre and period dramas. Training at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, Hamilton began appearing in productions with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre. She starred alongside Clive Owen, and later Eddie Izzard, in the London stage play A Day in the Death of Joe Egg  (2002), making her Broadway debut a year later, and earned a Tony Award nomination for Best Actress in a Play.

Hamilton has found success working in the costume drama genre. In the 1990s, she had supporting roles in three Jane Austen adaptations including Pride and Prejudice (1995), Persuasion (1995) and Mansfield Park (1999). She also played Queen Victoria in the miniseries Victoria & Albert (2001), and had roles in the series Lark Rise to Candleford (2008–2011), Doctor Foster (2015–2017), The Crown (2016–2017), and Cobra (2020–2023).

Suddenly Last Summer
Suddenly Last Summer is a one-act play by Tennessee Williams, written in New York in 1957. It opened off Broadway on January 7, 1958, as part of a double bill with another of Williams' one-acts, Something Unspoken (written in London in 1951).:  52  The presentation of the two plays was given the overall title Garden District, but Suddenly Last Summer is now more often performed alone. Williams said he thought the play "perhaps the most poetic" he had written,:  86  and Harold Bloom ranks it among the best examples of the playwright's lyricism.
Dotō
The Dotō (土塔, earth stupa), is a Nara period Buddhist relic located in the Dotō neighborhood of Naka-ku, in the city of Sakai, Osaka, Japan. It is also referred to as the Ōno-ji Dotō (大野寺土塔) after the temple on whose grounds it is located. It was designated as a National Historic Site in 1953, with the area under protection expanded in 2005.

Sakai
Sakai (堺市, Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai, sa.kaꜜi.ɕi]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its kofun, keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The kofun in Sakai include the largest grave in the world by area, Daisen Kofun. Once known for swords, Sakai is now famous for the quality of its cutlery. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 819,965, making it the fourteenth most populous city in Japan (excluding Tokyo).
Rhoades Car
Rhoades Car, founded in 1991, is  located in Hendersonville, Tennessee, United States. The company was founded by David Rhoades, and he served as its president until his death in late 2009 from heart disease at age 60. He was succeeded as president by  Bill Pomakoy in 2010 who renamed the company "Rhoades Car International".  Ownership changed hands again on October 1, 2015, and was part of Mobile Specialty Group, Inc. In January 2020, the assets were purchased by Par Bikes, LLC.  Par Bikes also purchased VierBike,  a company with a similar, but more luxurious four wheel bike design.

Rhoades Car's sole products are a line of four-wheel bikes, also known as quadracycles. The company markets these products under the slogan “The 4-wheel bike that drives like a car!”.

Rhoades Car is one of the world's largest quadracycle manufacturers.

Quadracycle
A quadracycle (also spelled quadricycle) is a four-wheeled human-powered land vehicle. It is also referred to as a quadcycle, pedal car, or four-wheeled bicycle among other terms.

Quadracycles have been in use since 1853 and have grown into several families of vehicles for a variety of purposes, including tourist rentals, pedal taxis, private touring, mountain and industrial use.
Jacobian variety
In mathematics, the Jacobian variety J(C) of a non-singular algebraic curve C of genus g is the moduli space of degree 0 line bundles. It is the connected component of the identity in the Picard group of C, hence an abelian variety.

Moduli space
In mathematics, in particular algebraic geometry, a moduli space  is a geometric space (usually a scheme or an algebraic stack) whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind, or isomorphism classes of such objects.  Such spaces frequently arise as solutions to classification problems:  If one can show that a collection of interesting objects (e.g., the smooth algebraic curves of a fixed genus) can be given the structure of a geometric space, then one can parametrize such objects by introducing coordinates on the resulting space.  In this context, the term "modulus" is used synonymously with "parameter"; moduli spaces were first understood as spaces of parameters rather than as spaces of objects. A variant of moduli spaces is formal moduli. Bernhard Riemann first used the term "moduli" in 1857.
Owen Flanagan
Owen Flanagan (born 1949) is the James B. Duke University Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and Professor of Neurobiology Emeritus at Duke University. Flanagan has done work in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of social science, ethics, contemporary ethical theory, moral psychology, as well as on cross-cultural philosophy.

James B. Duke Professor
At Duke University, the title of James B. Duke Distinguished Professor is given to a small number of the faculty with extraordinary records of achievement. At some universities, titles like "distinguished professor", "institute professor", or "regents professor" are counterparts of this title. Two Nobel laureates (Robert Lefkowitz and Paul L. Modrich) served as James B. Duke Professors, and another, Ingrid Daubechies received the National Medal of Science.
SR2 Motorsports
SR2 Motorsports was a team that competed in the NASCAR Nationwide Series. The team fielded the No. 00 Toyota Camry for Jason White, and the No. 24 Toyota Camry for various drivers. The team was shut down after rising cost of NASCAR to be competitive in the series.

Angela Ruch
Angela Christine Ruch (/rək/RUHK, née Cope, born August 18, 1983) is an American professional stock car racing driver. She is the niece of Derrike Cope and the sister of Amber Cope. She last competed in the NASCAR Gander RV & Outdoors Truck Series, driving the No. 00 Chevrolet Silverado/Toyota Tundra for Reaume Brothers Racing.
Pitcairnia harrylutheri
Pitcairnia harrylutheri is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae, endemic to Ecuador. It was first described by Harry Edward Luther in 1991 as Pepinia fulgens. When transferred to the genus Pitcairnia in 1999, the epithet had to be changed, as the name Pitcairnia fulgens had already been used. Pitcairnia harrylutheri is a replacement name. The natural habitats of the species are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Pitcairnia
Pitcairnia is a genus of plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Pitcairnioideae. It was named after William Pitcairn, Scottish physician and gardener (1711–1791). Pitcairnia ranks as the second most species-rich genus in the family Bromeliaceae, after Tillandsia. They are most abundant in Colombia, Peru and Brazil, but can also be found in areas from Cuba and Mexico south to Argentina. One species, Pitcairnia feliciana, is found in tropical West Africa, and is the only member of the family Bromeliaceae not native to the Americas.

Almost all Pitcairnias are terrestrial or saxicolous, and prefer moist areas. However, many are found growing epiphytically in trees.
Kanhoji Angre
Kanhoji Angre ([kanʱod͡ʒiː aːŋɡɾe]), also known as Conajee Angria or Sarkhel Angré (August 1669 – 4 July 1729) was a Maratha Navy admiral. Kanhoji became known for attacking and capturing European East Indiamen and collecting jakat (known to locals as taxes), seen by Europeans traders and colonists  as ransoming of their crews. British, Dutch, and Portuguese ships often fell victims to these raids. Despite attempts by the Portuguese and British to put an end to his privateering activities, Angre continued to capture and collect jakat from European merchant ships until his death in 1729. Kanhoji's naval prowess in capturing dozens of European trading ships and avoiding capture has led to many historians to appraise Kanhoji as the most skilled Indian navy chief in the maritime history of India.

Alibag
Alibag, also known as Alibaug (Pronunciation: [əlibaːɡ]), is a coastal city and a municipal council in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. It is the headquarters of the Raigad district, and is south of the city of Mumbai. Alibag is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region and is situated at a distance of about 96 km from Mumbai and 143 km from Pune.

Alibag is a holy place for Padmakshi Renuka, who is also known as the goddess of Konkan.
St. Petersburg paradox
The St. Petersburg paradox or St. Petersburg lottery is a paradox involving the game of flipping a coin where the expected payoff of the lottery game is infinite but nevertheless seems to be worth only a very small amount to the participants. The St. Petersburg paradox is a situation where a naïve decision criterion that takes only the expected value into account predicts a course of action that presumably no actual person would be willing to take. Several resolutions to the paradox have been proposed, including the impossible amount of money a casino would need to continue the game indefinitely.

The problem was invented by Nicolas Bernoulli, who stated it in a letter to Pierre Raymond de Montmort on September 9, 1713. However, the paradox takes its name from its analysis by Nicolas' cousin Daniel Bernoulli, one-time resident of Saint Petersburg, who in 1738 published his thoughts about the problem in the Commentaries of the Imperial Academy of Science of Saint Petersburg.

Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings.

In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish to maximize, i.e., an objective function. This kind of utility bears a closer resemblance to the original utilitarian concept, developed by moral philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

In a descriptive context, the term refers to an apparent objective function; such a function is revealed by a person's behavior, and specifically by their preferences over lotteries, which can be any quantified choice.

The relationship between these two kinds of utility functions has been a source of controversy among both economists and ethicists, with most maintaining that the two are distinct but generally related.
Panzer General
Panzer General is a 1994 computer wargame developed and published by Strategic Simulations Inc. (SSI). It simulates conflict during World War II. The designers of Panzer General were heavily influenced by the Japanese wargame series Daisenryaku.

Panzer General was a major commercial hit: 250,000 units were sold at full price, and long tail sales continued in the years ahead. It became and remained SSI's best-selling game across all genres, and was named the best-selling computer wargame of all time in 2007. It is the first in the commercially successful Panzer General series.

Computer wargame
A computer wargame is a wargame played on a digital device. Descended from board wargaming, it simulates military conflict at the tactical, operational or strategic level. Computer wargames are both sold commercially for recreational use and, in some cases, used for military purposes.