hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kazandibi
Kazandibi or kazan dibi (Turkish: Kazandibi, lit. 'bottom of kazan or cauldron') is a Turkish dessert and a type of caramelized milk pudding. It was developed in the kitchens of the Ottoman Palace and is one of the most popular Turkish desserts today.

It is traditionally made by burning the bottom of tavuk göğsü. A variant of kazandibi uses muhallebi instead.

The traditional ingredients include chicken, which was used as a thickener.

Muhallebi
Muhallebi (Persian: مهلبی or محالبی; Arabic: مهلبية) is a milk pudding commonly made with rice, sugar, milk and either rice flour, starch or semolina, popular as a dessert in  the Middle East. While the dessert is called muhallebi in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria, in other countries in the region (Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Palestine, and Israel) it is called malabi, mahalabiyeh or mehalabiya.
Cecil Aronowitz
Cecil Aronowitz (4 March 1916 – 7 September 1978) was a British viola player, a founding member of the Melos Ensemble, a leading chamber musician, and an influential teacher at the Royal College of Music and the Royal Northern College of Music.

Terence Weil
Terence Weil (9 December 1921 in London – 25 February 1995 in Figueras) was a British cellist, principal cellist of the English Chamber Orchestra, a founding member of the Melos Ensemble, a leading chamber musician and an influential teacher at the Royal Northern College of Music.
Test automation
Test automation is the use of software (separate from the software being tested) for controlling the execution of tests and comparing actual outcome with predicted. Test automation supports testing the system under test (SUT) without manual interaction which can lead to faster test execution and testing more often. Test automation is a key aspect of continuous testing and often for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD).

Unit testing
Unit testing, a.k.a. component or module testing, is a form of software testing by which isolated source code is tested to validate expected behavior.

Unit testing describes tests that are run at the unit-level to contrast testing at the integration or system level.
Siege of Kreuznach
The siege of Kreuznach or the Spanish capture of Kreuznach took place on 10 September 1620, at Kreuznach (renamed Bad Kreuznach in 1924) in the Palatinate, where the Army of Flanders, led by the Spanish Don Ambrosio Spinola, defeated the troops of Frederick V, Elector of the Palatinate, during the Palatinate campaign of the Thirty Years' War. The Army of Flanders was a multinational army in the service of the kings of Spain that was based in the Netherlands during the 16th to 18th centuries. Spinola's troops stormed Bad Kreuznach and its garrison surrendered. Later the town was freed on an oath not to rebel against the Holy Roman Empire.

Palatinate campaign
The Palatinate campaign (30 August 1620 – 27 August 1623), also known as the Spanish conquest of the Palatinate or the Palatinate phase of the Thirty Years' War was a campaign conducted by the Imperial army of the Holy Roman Empire against the Protestant Union in the Lower Palatinate, during the Thirty Years' War.
Bradford County, Florida
Bradford County is a county in the north central region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,303. Its county seat and largest city is Starke. The Florida State Prison is located in an unincorporated part of the county.

North central Florida
North central Florida is a region of the U.S. state of Florida which comprises the north-central part of the state and encompasses the north Florida counties of Alachua, Bradford, Columbia, Dixie, Gilchrist, Hamilton, Lafayette, Levy, Madison, Suwannee, Taylor, and Union. The region's largest city is Gainesville, home of the University of Florida and center of the Gainesville metropolitan area, which is the largest metro area of the region. As of 2020, the region had a population of 575,622 people.

The landscape and climate of north central Florida is considered to be humid subtropical compared to South Florida.
Harland & Wolff
Harland & Wolff is a British shipbuilding and fabrication company headquartered in London with sites in Belfast, Arnish, Appledore and Methil. It specialises in ship repair, shipbuilding and offshore construction.

Today, the company is focused on supporting five sectors: Defence, Energy, Cruise & Ferry, Renewables and Commercial. It offers services including technical services, fabrication & construction, repair & maintenance, in-service support, conversion and decommissioning.

Having entered administration for the second time in five years, it was bought by Navantia in January 2025.

Samson and Goliath (cranes)
Samson and Goliath are the twin shipbuilding gantry cranes at Queen's Island, Belfast, Northern Ireland. The cranes, which were named after the Biblical figures Samson and Goliath, dominate the Belfast skyline and are landmark structures.
Pseudephedranthus
Pseudephedranthus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Annonaceae.

Its native range is Northern South America to Northern Brazil.

Species:

Pseudephedranthus enigmaticus Maas & Westra

Pseudephedranthus fragrans (R.E.Fr.) Aristeg.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Bryn Mawr Mainliners
The Bryn Mawr Mainliners is a men's a cappella chorus, based in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.  Chartered in 1963 as an official chapter of the Barbershop Harmony Society, the chorus is rich in both history and accomplishment.

Mid-Atlantic District (BHS)
The Mid-Atlantic District is one of 17 districts of the Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS).

The district, with three regional divisions, has approximately 70 chapters across Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, West Virginia, New York, and Washington, D.C.
Sisters of Mercy
The Sisters of Mercy is a religious institute for women in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland, by Catherine McAuley. In 2019, the institute had about 6,200 sisters worldwide, organized into a number of independent congregations. Notable achievements include the foundation of education and health care facilities around the world.

Mount St. Mary Academy (Little Rock, Arkansas)
Mount St. Mary Academy is a private, Roman Catholic, all-girls high school, serving grades 9 through 12, in the Hillcrest neighborhood of Little Rock, Arkansas, United States.  It is an all-female institution, and has an all-male brother school, Catholic High School for Boys. It is located within the Diocese of Little Rock. Having been founded in 1851, it is the oldest high school in Arkansas.
Surface subgroup conjecture
In mathematics, the surface subgroup conjecture of Friedhelm Waldhausen states that the fundamental group of every closed, irreducible 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group has a surface subgroup.  By "surface subgroup" we mean the fundamental group of a closed surface not the 2-sphere. This problem is listed as Problem 3.75 in Robion Kirby's problem list.

Assuming the geometrization conjecture, the only open case was that of closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds.  A proof of this case was announced in the summer of 2009 by Jeremy Kahn and Vladimir Markovic and outlined in a talk August 4, 2009 at the FRG (Focused Research Group) Conference hosted by the University of Utah. A preprint appeared in the arxiv.org server in October 2009. Their paper was published in the Annals of Mathematics in 2012.  In June 2012, Kahn and Markovic were given the Clay Research Awards by the Clay Mathematics Institute at a ceremony in Oxford.

Hyperbolic 3-manifold
In mathematics, more precisely in topology and differential geometry, a hyperbolic 3-manifold is a manifold of dimension 3 equipped with a hyperbolic metric, that is a Riemannian metric which has all its sectional curvatures equal to −1. It is generally required that this metric be also complete: in this case the manifold can be realised as a quotient of the 3-dimensional hyperbolic space by a discrete group of isometries (a Kleinian group).

Hyperbolic 3-manifolds of finite volume have a particular importance in 3-dimensional topology as follows from Thurston's geometrisation conjecture proved by Perelman. The study of Kleinian groups is also an important topic in geometric group theory.
Willans & Robinson
Willans & Robinson Limited manufacturing engineers of Thames Ditton, Surrey. Later, from 1896, at Victoria Works, Rugby, Warwickshire, England. They were manufacturers of stationary reciprocating steam engines then steam turbines, diesel motors and generators. They also ran their own foundry.

During World War I it became necessary to sell control of the business to Dick, Kerr & Co. They soon went into the English Electric grouping but Willans & Robinson retained its identity and some independent shareholders until 1935 when it was liquidated.

In the 21st century Willans & Robinson's business is represented by Alstom where it was taken by GEC in 1989 along with English Electric.

English Electric
The English Electric Company Limited (EE) was a British industrial manufacturer formed after World War I by amalgamating five businesses which, during the war, made munitions, armaments and aeroplanes.

It initially specialised in industrial electric motors and transformers, locomotives and traction equipment, diesel motors and steam turbines. Its products were later expanded to include consumer electronics, nuclear reactors, guided missiles, military aircraft and mainframe computers.

Two English Electric aircraft designs became landmarks in British aeronautical engineering; the Canberra and the Lightning. In 1960, English Electric Aircraft (40%) merged with Vickers (40%) and Bristol (20%) to form British Aircraft Corporation.

In 1968 English Electric's operations were merged with GEC's, the combined business employing more than 250,000 people.
Bivin of Gorze
Bivin of Gorze (810/830 – 863) was a Frankish nobleman, regarded as the founder of the Bivinid family. He was married to a daughter of Boso the Elder, who may have been called Richildis. During his life he functioned as lay abbot of the Gorze Abbey. His offspring includes:

Richilde of Provence, who married King Charles the Bald

Richard the Justiciar, Duke of Burgundy, father of a king of France

Boso, King of Provence

possibly Bivin, Count of Metz.

Richard the Justiciar
Richard the Justiciar (858–921), also known as Richard of Autun, was count of Autun from 880 and the first margrave and duke of Burgundy. He attained suzerainty over all the counties of Burgundy save Mâcon, and by 890, he was referred to as dux (duke) and by 900 as marchio (margrave). By 918, he was being called dux Burgundionem or dux Burgundiae, which probably signified less the existence of a unified Burgundian duchy than feudal suzerainty over a multiplicity of counties in a specific region.
Castorano
Castorano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ascoli Piceno in the Italian region Marche, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Ancona and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northeast of Ascoli Piceno.

Castorano borders the following municipalities: Ascoli Piceno, Castel di Lama, Colli del Tronto, Monsampolo del Tronto, Offida, Spinetoli.

Colli del Tronto
Colli del Tronto ("Tronto's hills") is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ascoli Piceno in the Italian region Marche, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Ancona and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Ascoli Piceno. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,290 and an area of 5.9 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi).

Colli del Tronto borders the following municipalities: Ancarano, Ascoli Piceno, Castorano, Spinetoli.
Ledbury
Ledbury is a market town and civil parish in the county of Herefordshire, England, lying east of Hereford, and west of the Malvern Hills.

It has a significant number of Tudor-style timber-framed structures, in particular along Church Lane and High Street. One of the most outstanding is Ledbury Market Hall, built in 1617, located in the town centre. Other notable buildings include the parish church of St. Michael and All Angels, the Painted Room (containing sixteenth-century frescoes), the Old Grammar School, the Barrett-Browning memorial clock tower (designed by Brightwen Binyon and opened in 1896 to house the library until 2015), nearby Eastnor Castle and the St. Katherine's Hospital site. Founded c. 1231, this is a rare surviving example of a hospital complex, with hall, chapel, a Master's House (fully restored and opened in March 2015 to house the Library), almshouses and a timber-framed barn.

Church of St Michael and All Angels, Ledbury
The Church of St Michael and All Angels is an Anglican church in Ledbury, in Herefordshire, England. The oldest parts date from the 12th century, and most of the building is of the 13th and 14th centuries. It is Grade I listed, described in the listing text as "one of the finest churches in Herefordshire".
Crayford Urban District
Crayford was a local government district in north west Kent from 1920 to 1965 around the town of Crayford. As well as Crayford, it included Barnehurst, Barnes Cray and Slade Green.

It was created an urban district in 1920 from part of Dartford Rural District. It acquired an early 20th century building that had been used by Vickers as a canteen and converted it into Crayford Town Hall in 1929.

In 1965 it was abolished by the London Government Act 1963 and its former area was combined with that of other districts to form the London Borough of Bexley.

Crayford Town Hall
Crayford Town Hall is a former municipal building in Crayford Road, Crayford, London, England. The structure, which was formerly the offices and meeting place of Crayford Urban District Council, is a locally listed building.
Genoni
Genoni (Sardinian: Geroni) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of Cagliari and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Oristano.  
Genoni borders the following municipalities: Albagiara, Assolo, Genuri, Gesturi, Gonnosnò, Laconi, Nuragus, Nureci, Setzu, Sini.

Setzu
Setzu is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Medio Campidano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Sanluri.

Setzu borders the following municipalities: Genoni, Genuri, Gesturi, Tuili, Turri.
VanEck
VanEck is a global investment management firm headquartered in New York City. The firm is primarily engaged in issuing exchange-traded fund (ETF) products although it also deals with mutual funds and separately managed accounts for institutional investors. It was a pioneer of investing in foreign growth stocks as well as gold investing.

Outside the U.S., the firm has offices in Europe and Asia–Pacific.

Exchange-traded fund
An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product; i.e., it is bought and sold on stock exchanges. ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars. Many ETFs provide some level of diversification compared to owning an individual stock.
Sports radio
Sports radio (or sports talk radio) is a radio format devoted entirely to discussion and broadcasting of sporting events. A widespread programming genre that has a narrow audience appeal, sports radio is characterized by an often-boisterous on-air style and extensive debate and analysis by both hosts and callers. Many sports talk stations also carry play-by-play (live commentary) of local sports teams as part of their regular programming.

1116 SEN
1116 SEN (call sign 3AK) is an Australian radio station in Victoria, Australia. Owned and operated by Sports Entertainment Group, it broadcasts a sports radio format. It commenced broadcasting on 29 November 1931 as 3AK, the station currently broadcasts from studios in South Melbourne.
Goostrey
Goostrey is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is in open countryside, 14 miles (23 km) north-east of Crewe and 12 miles (19 km) west of Macclesfield. The parish contains the Lovell Radio Telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, a UNESCO World Heritage site. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 2,179 in 956 housesholds. It contains 24 listed heritage assets and one scheduled monument (a bowl barrow near Jodrell Bank Farm).  The parish also includes the hamlets of Blackden, Blackden Heath and Jodrell Bank.

St Luke's Church, Goostrey
St Luke's Church is in the village of Goostrey, Cheshire, England. It is an active Church of England parish church in the Diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Congleton, in a combined benefice with St Peter, Swettenham.

The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated grade II*-listed building.
7th Airborne Assault Brigade
The 7th Airborne Assault Brigade (Tajik: Бригадаи 7-уми ҳамла ба десанти) is a paratrooper unit of the Tajik Mobile Forces. The Mobile Forces act as the special forces of Tajikistan, subservient to the Defense Ministry. Located in Dushanbe, it forms the backbone of the mobile forces.

The brigade is also one of the most combat ready forces in the Tajik Armed Forces.

Tajik Mobile Forces
The Mobile Forces (Tajik: Қӯшунҳои Зудамали, romanized: Qūshunhoi Zudamali) are the paratroopers of the armed forces of Tajikistan. They are similar to the Russian Airborne Troops, whom they often train with. The Mobile Forces act as an elite special forces unit, subservient to the Defense Ministry and separate from the ground forces. Although they are called paratroopers, the Mobile Forces often deployed out of helicopters, as the Tajik Air Force has few fixed wing aircraft.
Reference beam
A reference beam is a laser beam used to read and write holograms. It is one of two laser beams used to create a hologram. In order to read a hologram out, some aspects of the reference beam (namely its angle of incidence, beam profile and wavelength) must be reproduced exactly as when it was used to write the hologram. As a result, usually reference beams are Gaussian beams or spherical wave beams (beams that radiate from a single point) which are fairly easy to reproduce.

The other beam used to write a hologram is the signal beam or object beam.

Signal beam
A signal beam or object beam is one of at least two laser beams used to write holograms.  The signal beam is the beam that carries the information to be stored in the hologram.  In the case of a holographic picture, this beam is reflected off the object being recorded, into the media.  In the case of holographic data storage, the beam has some kind information encoded into it (for instance, it can be sent through a transparency or a spatial light modulator).

The other beam necessary to write a hologram is the reference beam.
Meal, Ready-to-Eat
The Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) is a self-contained individual United States military ration used by the United States Armed Forces and Department of Defense. It is intended for use by American service members in combat or field conditions where other food is not available. MREs have also been distributed to civilians as humanitarian daily rations during natural disasters and wars.

The MRE replaced the canned Meal, Combat, Individual (MCI) in 1981. Its garrison ration and group ration equivalent is the Unitized Group Ration (UGR), its in-combat and mobile equivalent is the Close Combat Assault Ration (CCAR), and its long-range and cold weather equivalents are the Long Range Patrol (LRP) and Meal, Cold Weather (MCW) respectively.

United States military ration
United States military ration refers to the military rations provided to sustain United States Armed Forces service members, including field rations and garrison rations, and the military nutrition research conducted in relation to military food. U.S. military rations are often made for quick distribution, preparation, and eating in the field and tend to have long storage times in adverse conditions due to being thickly packaged or shelf-stable.
Witchfynde
Witchfynde are an English heavy metal band, forerunners of the new wave of British heavy metal in the late 1970s. Their music was less extreme than other metal bands of the era, embracing both simple pub rock and complex progressive rock elements.

Rondelet Records
Rondelet Records was a British independent record label started by Alan Campion, who owned a record shop in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire in the early 1980s. The label published many punk groups including:

Special Duties

The Threats

Deadman's Shadow

Riot Squad

Anti-Pasti

The label also featured some bands from the new wave of British heavy metal, including Witchfynde, who toured with Def Leppard in their early days.

The label had some success with Special Duties, Anti-Pasti and Witchfynde, whose songs and albums reached the national charts. However, by the mid-1980s the label folded, though some of the bands are still touring today.
Minuscule 451
Minuscule 451 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 178 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. 
Formerly it was labelled by 79a and 90p. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition.

Minuscule 614
Minuscule 614 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 364 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Tischendorf labelled it by 137a and 176p.

According to some scholars, it is one of very few witnesses of the Western text-type with complete text of the Book of Acts. But Robert Waltz categorizes it with the Harklean Family (Family 2138) in a subgroup with its close relative Minuscule 2412. The earliest representative of this family is the marginal readings of the seventh-century Harklean Syriac version.
Healthcare in Somerset
Healthcare in Somerset, England has been the responsibility of three integrated care boards (ICBs) since July 2022.  These replaced the former clinical commissioning groups (CCGs).

The ICBs cover the ceremonial county of Somerset, which comprises the areas governed by the three unitary authorities of Somerset, North Somerset and Bath and North East Somerset.

University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust
The University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust (UHBW) is a National Health Service foundation trust in Bristol and Weston-super-Mare, England. The trust runs Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol Eye Hospital, South Bristol Community Hospital, Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, St Michael's Hospital, University of Bristol Dental Hospital and, since 1 April 2020, Weston General Hospital.