hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zeke Caress
Ezekiel Logan "Zeke" Caress (1884–1968) was an American bookmaker. He worked in Mexico at the Agua Caliente race track and at Santa Anita in California. He bought Jim Jeffries' saloon at 326 S. Spring Street in downtown Los Angeles in 1917, and the building became something like a central headquarters for the Los Angeles organized crime organization run by Guy McAfee that was known as the Syndicate. Caress was sometimes called the "king of the bookies". He handled off-track betting for clients, including reportedly actors of the Los Angeles film industry, and according to Time magazine in 1935 readily took bets of US$25,000 (equivalent to $573,362 in 2024).

Guy McAfee
Guy Alexander McAfee (August 19, 1888 – February 20, 1960) was an American law enforcement officer and businessman. Born in Kansas and orphaned in early childhood, he became a firefighter in Los Angeles, California, and later served as the head of the vice squad of the Los Angeles Police Department. He was the owner of brothels and gambling saloons, with ties to organized crime in the 1930s. He co-founded casinos in Las Vegas, Nevada, in the 1940s and 1950s. He is credited as the first person to refer to Las Vegas Boulevard as the Las Vegas Strip, after Los Angeles's Sunset Strip.
Gustav Lombard
Gustav Lombard (10 April 1895 – 18 September 1992) was a high-ranking member in the SS during World War II. During the war, Lombard commanded 8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer and the 31st SS Volunteer Grenadier Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany for so-called "anti-partisan" operations around Kovel which involved killing of civilians and burning down villages.

Lombard perpetrated mass murder in the Holocaust, serving as commanding officer of the 1st Regiment of the SS Cavalry Brigade during the German invasion of the Soviet Union. Lombard was convicted of war crimes by a Soviet military tribunal in 1947 and was released in 1955. He was subsequently tried by a West German court in the 1960s and found not guilty.

SS Cavalry Brigade
The SS Cavalry Brigade (SS-Kavallerie-Brigade) was a unit of the German Waffen-SS during World War II. Operating under the control of the Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS, it initially performed rear security duties in German-occupied Poland. During the Invasion of the Soviet Union, the brigade operated in the rear of the German forces, in the Army Group Rear Area Command. It engaged bypassed Red Army units and carried out murders of Jews, Communists and suspected Soviet partisans. In 1942, the brigade was disbanded and its personnel was transferred to the newly formed SS Division Florian Geyer.
Campos Racing
Campos Racing (formerly Adrián Campos Motorsport and Campos Grand Prix) is a Spanish motor racing team based in Alzira, Valencia, founded by former Formula One driver Adrián Campos in 1997. The team has been successful in Formula Three, GP2 Series and F4 Spanish Championship.

Previous drivers include Fernando Alonso, Marc Gené, Antonio García, Roldán Rodríguez, Vitaly Petrov, Lucas Di Grassi, Sergio Pérez, Alexander Rossi, Álex Palou, Rio Haryanto, Mitch Evans, Roberto Merhi, Lando Norris, Luca Ghiotto, Roy Nissany, Jack Aitken, Linus Lundqvist and Isack Hadjar.

Rio Haryanto
Rio Haryanto (born 22 January 1993) is an Indonesian businessman and former racing driver who competed in 12 Formula One Grands Prix for Manor Racing in 2016. As of 2025, he is the only Formula One competitor to come from Indonesia as well as the competition's first Muslim driver.

Born and raised in Surakarta, Haryanto began his career in karting, winning multiple continental championships before progressing to junior formulae in 2008. He won his first title at the Formula BMW Pacific Championship in 2009 with Meritus.
Dominic Miller
Dominic James Miller (born 21 March 1960) is a guitarist who has worked most of his career as a sideman and guitarist for, among others, Julia Fordham, Eddi Reader and notably Sting. He has also released several solo albums.

Julia Fordham
Julia Fordham (born 10 August 1962) is an English singer. Her professional career started in the early 1980s, under the name "Jules Fordham", as a backing singer for Mari Wilson and Kim Wilde, before signing a recording contract of her own later that decade. She is now based in California.
So Big (1932 film)
So Big is a 1932 pre-Code American drama film directed by William A. Wellman and starring Barbara Stanwyck. The screenplay by J. Grubb Alexander and Robert Lord is based on the 1924 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name, by Edna Ferber.

So Big was the second full-scale screen adaptation of the Ferber novel. The first was a 1924 silent film of the same name directed by Charles Brabin and starring Colleen Moore. A 1953 remake was directed by Robert Wise and starred Jane Wyman. The story was also made as a short in 1930, with Helen Jerome Eddy, Jody K. Lance.

So Big (1953 film)
So Big is a 1953 American Drama Western film directed by Robert Wise and starring Jane Wyman, Sterling Hayden and Nancy Olson.

The screenplay by John Twist was based on the 1924 novel by Edna Ferber. It was the third adaptation of the book, following a 1924 silent film with Colleen Moore and So Big! with Barbara Stanwyck, released in 1932.
ABU Radio Song Festival 2014
The ABU Radio Song Festival 2014 was the second edition of the biennial ABU Radio Song Festivals, organised by the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union (ABU). The festival took place on 23 May 2014 in the Sri Lankan city of Colombo. The Nelum Pokuna Mahinda Rajapaksa Theatre was originally chosen as the host venue, but was later moved to the Stein Studios. Twelve countries participated the song festival. The festival was to be originally hosted by ABC Australia however for unknown reasons this did not occur.

Nelum Pokuna Mahinda Rajapaksa Theatre
The Nelum Pokuna Theatre (Sinhala: නෙළුම් පොකුණ මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ රඟහල, Nelum Pokuna Râjapaksa Ranggahala; often known as Nelum Pokuna; previously the National Performing Arts Theatre, prior to naming at the opening ceremony after which the President Mahinda Rajapaksa named it after himself) is a performing arts centre in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The theatre opened on 15 December 2011.
Hodgson's giant flying squirrel
Hodgson's giant flying squirrel (Petaurista magnificus) is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. This large flying squirrel lives in Himalayan forests in Asia. Like other flying squirrels, it is nocturnal and able to glide (not actually fly like a bat) long distances between trees by spreading out its patagium, skin between its limbs.

Petaurista
Petaurista is a genus of rodent in the family Sciuridae. They are large to very large flying squirrels found in forests and other wooded habitats in southern and eastern Asia.

Like other flying squirrels, they are mostly nocturnal and able to glide (not actually fly like a bat) long distances between trees by spreading out their patagium, skin between their limbs. They feed primarily on plant material, but will also take small animals such as insects.
Venky Mama
Venky Mama (transl. Uncle Venky) is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language action comedy film directed by Bobby Kolli (credited as K. S. Bobby). It stars Venkatesh, Naga Chaitanya, Raashii Khanna, and Payal Rajput in the lead roles, while Nassar, Prakash Raj, and Rao Ramesh play supporting roles. The film was produced by D. Suresh Babu of Suresh Productions and T. G. Vishwa Prasad of People Media Factory, with music composed by Thaman.

The film was released on 13 December 2019, coinciding with Venkatesh's birthday, to mixed reviews from critics but praise for Venkatesh's performance and ended up as a commercial success at the box office.

Payal Rajput
Payal Rajput (born 5 December 1992) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Telugu and Punjabi films. She made her film debut with the Punjabi film Channa Mereya (2017), for which she won the Filmfare Award Punjabi for Best Debut Actress. Rajput then made her Hindi film debut with Veerey Ki Wedding (2018).

Rajput started her acting career with the Hindi television series Sapnon Se Bhare Naina (2010). She then appeared in shows including Aakhir Bahu Bhi Toh Beti Hee Hai and Maha Kumbh: Ek Rahasaya, Ek Kahani. She made her Telugu film debut with RX 100 (2018), for which she received SIIMA Award for Best Female Debut – Telugu. Her other notable films include, Venky Mama (2019), Shava Ni Girdhari Lal (2021), Head Bush (2022) and Mangalavaaram (2023).
Mohamed Hag Ali Hassan
Mohamed Hag Ali Hag el Hassan (Arabic: محمد حاج علي حاج الحسن; born 21 November 1947) is a Sudanese-Italian mathematician and physicist who co-founded numerous scientific councils. He is the President of Sudanese National Academy of Sciences, and was the President of The World Academy of Sciences, African Academy of Sciences (1999–2010), and Network of African Science Academies. He was also the Director of Secretariat of InterAcademy Partnership (2010–2016).

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
Michel Verne
Michel Jean Pierre Verne (3 August 1861 – 5 March 1925) was a French novelist and editor, who was the son of Jules Verne. He was best known for his adventure novels, which included The Lighthouse at the End of the World (1905), The Golden Volcano (1906), and The Thompson Travel Agency (1907).

The Golden Volcano
The Golden Volcano (French: Le Volcan d'or) is a novel by Jules Verne, edited by his son Michel Verne, and published posthumously in 1906.

The story takes place in the middle of the Gold Rush, and features two French-Canadian cousins, who inherit a mining claim on the shores of the Klondike.
Elspeth Campbell
Elspeth Mary Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Pittenweem (5 January 1940 – 5 June 2023) was a British baroness and socialite. She was married to the Liberal Democrat politician Menzies Campbell from 1970 until her death.

Menzies Campbell
Walter Menzies "Ming" Campbell, Baron Campbell of Pittenweem (/ˈmɪŋɪs/; 22 May 1941 – 26 September 2025), was a Scottish politician, advocate and athlete. A senior figure in the Liberal Democrats, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for North East Fife from 1987 to 2015 and led the party from 2006 to 2007. He held prominent frontbench roles in foreign affairs and defence, and was deputy leader under Charles Kennedy.

Before entering politics, Campbell was a distinguished sprinter, captaining the Great Britain athletics team in the mid-1960s and holding the British 100 metre record from 1967 to 1974. He studied law at the University of Glasgow and Stanford University, and was called to the Scottish Bar, later becoming Queen's Counsel.

Campbell was appointed Chancellor of the University of St Andrews in 2006 and made a life peer in 2015, serving in both roles until his death in 2025.
Life (ship)
The ship Life is a former fishing cutter, which was used in the Mediterranean from 2017 to 2018 under the name Seefuchs for the Sea-Eye association from Regensburg as a rescue ship between Malta and Libya. In 2019 the ship was given away to the Spanish organisation Proem-Aid. In 2021, the ship was intercepted in international waters with a large drug load after being bought by drug dealers, in a joint investigation by the Guardia Civil and the Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera.

Before she was used as a rescue ship, the Seefuchs was based in the museum harbor in Greifswald for many years as a museum or traditional ship. Her sister ship is the Sea-Eye, which is also used by Sea-Eye. Seefuchs has the MMSI 244090482.

Sea-Eye
Sea-Eye is a German non-governmental organization headquartered in Regensburg. It participates in the rescue of migrants in distress in the Mediterranean, in particular by chartering and operating ships for the rescue of refugees at risk in the Mediterranean.
Bradford Gilbert
Bradford Lee Gilbert (March 24, 1853 – September 1, 1911) was a nationally active American architect based in New York City. He is known for designing the Tower Building in 1889, the first steel-framed building anywhere and the first skyscraper in New York City. This technique was soon copied across the United States. He also designed Atlanta's Cotton States and International Exposition of 1895, the Flatiron Building in Atlanta, and many railroad stations.

Cotton States and International Exposition
The Cotton States and International Exposition was a world's fair held in Atlanta, Georgia, United States in 1895. The exposition was designed "to foster trade between southern states and South American nations as well as to show the products and facilities of the region to the rest of the nation and Europe."

The Cotton States and International Exposition featured exhibits from six states, including various innovations in agriculture and technology, and exhibits about women and African Americans. President Grover Cleveland presided over the opening of the exposition remotely by flipping an electric switch from his house in Massachusetts on September 18, 1895.

The event is best remembered for the "Atlanta Compromise" speech given by Booker T. Washington on September 18, promoting racial cooperation.
Church of Iceland
The Church of Iceland (Icelandic: Þjóðkirkjan, lit. 'The National Church'), officially the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland (hin evangelíska lúterska kirkja), is the national church of Iceland. The church is Christian and professes the Lutheran faith. It is a member of the Lutheran World Federation, the Porvoo Communion, the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe, and the World Council of Churches.

The church is organised as a single diocese headed by the Bishop of Iceland. Agnes M. Sigurðardóttir, appointed in 2012, was the first woman to hold this position. She was succeeded by Guðrún Karls Helgudóttir in 2024. The church has two suffragan sees, Skálholt and Hólar, whose bishops are suffragans or assistant bishops to the Bishop of Iceland; unusually, each has a cathedral church despite not being in a separate diocese.

Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe
The Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe (CPCE; German: Gemeinschaft Evangelischer Kirchen in Europa, GEKE) is a fellowship of over 100 Protestant churches which have signed the Leuenberg Agreement. Together they strive for realizing church communion, especially by cooperation in witness and service to the world. Prior to 2003 the CPCE was known as the "Leuenberg Church Fellowship".

In membership are most Lutheran and Reformed churches in Europe, the united churches that originated from mergers of those churches, and such pre-Reformation churches as the Waldensians. The European Methodist churches joined the CPCE by a common declaration of church fellowship in 1997.

The General Secretary of the CPCE is Mario Fischer. The Community's offices are located in Vienna, Austria, and are shared with those of the Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession in Austria.
1948 VFL grand final
The 1948 VFL grand final and grand final replay were a pair of Australian rules football games contested between the Melbourne Football Club and Essendon Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in October 1948. They were the 50th and 51st grand finals of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1948 VFL season.

The grand final match, attended by 86,198 spectators on 2 October 1948, ended in a draw, the first time that a VFL grand final resulted in a draw. A replay was staged on 9 October 1948, attended by 52,226 spectators, in which Melbourne easily defeated Essendon by 39 points, marking that club's sixth VFL premiership.

1948 VFL season
The 1948 VFL season was the 52nd season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured twelve clubs, ran from 17 April until 9 October, and comprised a 19-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top four clubs.

The premiership was won by the Melbourne Football Club for the sixth time, after it defeated Essendon by 39 points in the 1948 VFL Grand Final Replay.
Spring, Texas
Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Houston in Harris County, Texas, United States, part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The population was 62,559 at the 2020 census. While the name "Spring" is popularly applied to a large area of northern Harris County and a smaller area of southern Montgomery County, the original town of Spring, now known as Old Town Spring, is at the intersection of Spring-Cypress and Hardy roads and encompasses perhaps 1 square kilometer (0.39 sq mi).

Montgomery County, Texas
Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 620,443, and was estimated to be 749,613 in 2024. Its county seat is Conroe.

Montgomery County is part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area.
Lianyungang–Xuzhou high-speed railway
The Lianyungang–Xuzhou high-speed railway (Chinese: 连徐客运专线) is a high-speed railway in China. The railway has a design speed of 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph).

The railway runs parallel to the Longhai railway and interchanges with it at Lianyungang and Donghaixian. It is the eastern-most section of the Eurasia Continental Bridge corridor.

Longhai railway
The Longhai railway (Chinese: 陇海铁路; pinyin: Lǒnghǎi Tiělù), formerly romanized as the Lunghai railway, is a major arterial east–west railway in China. It runs from Lianyungang, Jiangsu, on the Yellow Sea, to Lanzhou, Gansu, through the provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, covering a total length of 1,759 kilometres (1,093 mi). The line is named after Gansu, also known as Long (陇) in Chinese, and Lianyungang's previous name, Haizhou. The Longhai Line is one of the busiest Chinese railways. It has dual tracks throughout and electrification was completed in 2009.
Gatestone Institute
Gatestone Institute is an American far-right think tank known for publishing anti-Islamist articles. It was founded in 2012 by Nina Rosenwald, who serves as its president. John Bolton, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and former National Security Advisor, was its chairman from 2013 until March 2018. Its current chairman is Amir Taheri. The organization has attracted attention for publishing false or inaccurate articles, some of which were shared widely.

Nina Rosenwald
Nina Rosenwald is an American political activist and philanthropist. An heiress to the Sears Roebuck fortune, Rosenwald is vice president of the William Rosenwald Family Fund and co-chair of the board of American Securities Management. She is the founder and president of Gatestone Institute, a New York-based right-wing  think tank.

A descendant of philanthropists and Jewish refugees from Eastern Europe, Rosenwald has focused on donating to pro-Israel organizations.
London and Blackwall Railway
Originally called the Commercial Railway, the London and Blackwall Railway (L&BR) in east London, England, ran from Minories to Blackwall via Stepney, with a branch line to the Isle of Dogs, connecting the City of London and East End to many of London's docks in Poplar. It was operational from 1840 until 1926 (for passengers) and 1968 (for goods), closing after the decline of inner London's docks. Much of its infrastructure was reused as part of the Docklands Light Railway. The L&BR was leased by the Great Eastern Railway in 1866, but remained independent until absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 Grouping. Another branch was opened in 1871, the Millwall Extension Railway.

Eastern Counties Railway
The Eastern Counties Railway (ECR) was an English railway company incorporated in 1836 intended to link London with Ipswich via Colchester, and then extend to Norwich and Yarmouth.

Construction began in 1837 on the first 9 miles (14 km) at the London end. Construction was beset by engineering and other problems, leading to severe financial difficulties. As a result, the project was truncated at Colchester in 1843 but through a series of acquisitions (including the Eastern Union Railway who completed the link between Colchester and Norwich) and opening of other lines, the ECR became the largest of the East Anglian railways.

In 1862 ECR was merged with a number of other companies to form the Great Eastern Railway.
Musakhan
Musakhan (Arabic: مسخّن, lit. 'something that is [re]heated'), also known as muhammar (Arabic: محمّر, lit. 'reddened'), is a Palestinian dish composed of roasted chicken baked with onions, sumac, allspice, saffron, and fried pine nuts served over taboon bread. Originating in the Tulkarm and Jenin area, musakhan is often considered the national dish of Palestine. The dish is particularly popular among Palestinians and Jordanians. It is also eaten by Druze in the Galilee, especially around Iksal and Sandala, and in the Triangle. The dish can be found in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan as well. The dish owes its name to the practice of Palestinian farmers reheating old taboon bread and make it taste better. Musakhan is traditionally cooked during the olive harvest season.

Tabun oven
A tabun oven, or simply tabun (also transliterated taboon, from the Arabic: طابون), is a portable clay oven, shaped like a truncated cone. While all were made with a top opening, which could be used as a small stove top, some were made with an opening at the bottom from which to stoke the fire. Built and used even before biblical times as the family, neighbourhood, or village oven, tabun ovens continue to be built and used in parts of the Middle East today. Tabun ovens are distinct from tandoors, but are often mistaken for tandoors. Unlike a tandoor, bread inside the oven is placed on a bed of hot stones, rather than being slapped into walls of the oven. In modern times, this form of oven is common in Jordan and Palestine.
George Underwood (athlete)
George Bowker Underwood (November 4, 1884 – August 28, 1943) was an American athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

He competed for the United States in the 1904 Summer Olympics held in St Louis, United States in the 4 mile team where he won the gold medal with his teammates Arthur Newton, Paul Pilgrim, Howard Valentine and David Munson.

Underwood also finished fourth in the 800 metres competition and participated in the 400 metres event where his result is unknown.

Arthur L. Newton
Arthur Lee Newton (June 24, 1876 – May 21, 1956) was an American athlete who competed mainly in the distance events. He was born in Woodstock, Vermont, but moved to New Rochelle, New York in 1912, where he was an automobile dealer.
American frontier
The American frontier, also known as the Old West, and popularly known as the Wild West, encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that began with European colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last few contiguous western territories as states in 1912. This era of massive migration and settlement was particularly encouraged by President Thomas Jefferson following the Louisiana Purchase, giving rise to the expansionist attitude known as "manifest destiny" and historians' "Frontier Thesis". The legends, historical events and folklore of the American frontier, known as the frontier myth, have embedded themselves into United States culture so much so that the Old West, and the Western genre of media specifically, has become one of the defining features of American national identity.

Abilene, Kansas
Abilene (pronounced /ˈæbɪliːn/) is a city in and the county seat of Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 6,460. It is home of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and the Greyhound Hall of Fame.