hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Expulsion from the Garden of Eden (Cole)
Expulsion from the Garden of Eden (or Expulsion from Paradise) was painted in 1828 by English-born American painter Thomas Cole. It belongs to the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and is on display in their Waleska Evans James Gallery (Gallery 236). This landscape painting exemplifies the style of the Hudson River School, a group of American landscape painters that Thomas Cole is credited with founding. On the lower left part of the cliff, Cole signed his name as "T Cole".

Thomas Cole
Thomas Cole (February 1, 1801 – February 11, 1848) was an Anglo-American artist who founded the Hudson River School art movement. He painted romantic landscapes and history paintings. Influenced by European painters, but with a strong American sensibility, he was prolific throughout his career and worked primarily with oil on canvas. His paintings are typically allegoric and often depict small figures or structures set against moody and evocative natural landscapes. They are usually escapist, framing the New World as a natural eden contrasting with the smog-filled cityscapes of Industrial Revolution-era Britain, in which he grew up. His works, often seen as conservative, criticize the contemporary trends of industrialism, urbanism, and westward expansion.
Tanghe County
Tanghe County is administered by the prefecture-level city of Nanyang, in the southwest of Henan province, People's Republic of China, bordering Hubei province to the south. Its ancient name was Tangzhou (唐州).

The county consists of 3 subdistrict offices, 12 towns, 7 townships, and 525 administrative villages (or community), with the population being approximately 1,430,000 and total area being 2,512 square kilometres (970 sq mi). Tanghe has more than 350,000 citizens in those 3 subdistrict offices (include Binhe, Wenfeng and Xingtang), and the county government is located in the Binhe subdistrict office. The urban area expands very quickly, especially westwards, under the background of estate boom across China. The local economy is mainly based on agriculture, including wheat, cotton, pears. The investment and support from the Tanghers who work out of Tanghe is very important to the local economy.

Nanyang, Henan
Nanyang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Henan province, China. The city with the largest administrative area in Henan, Nanyang borders Xinyang to the southeast, Zhumadian to the east, Pingdingshan to the northeast, Luoyang to the north, Sanmenxia to the northwest, the province of Shaanxi to the west, and the province of Hubei to the south.

Nanyang was the home of various important figures in Chinese history. It nurtured the "sage of science" Zhang Heng, "sage of medicine" Zhang Zhongjing, "sage of commerce" Fan Li, and "sage of intelligence" Zhuge Liang. It has also been home to contemporary celebrities such as philosopher Feng Youlan, military strategist Peng Xuefeng, novelist Yao Xueyin, inventor Wang Yongmin, and writer Er Yuehe.
Karim Habib
Karim Antoine Habib (born 1970) is a Lebanese automotive designer. He is currently the executive vice president and head of Kia global design for the Korean vehicle manufacturer Kia. He previously worked for BMW and Infiniti. He is fluent in Arabic, English, French, German, and Italian.

BMW 7 Series (F01)
The fifth generation of the BMW 7 Series was manufactured and marketed by BMW for model years 2008-2015 in two full-size luxury sedans configurations: F01 (short-wheelbase) and F02 (long-wheelbase) configurations.  The fifth generation is informally referred to collectively as the F01.

The F01 was the first BMW with a hybrid drivetrain, 8-speed automatic transmission or turbocharged V12 engine. It was the second 7 Series marketed with a turbocharged petrol engine, after the European E23 745i), or all-wheel drive (marketed as xDrive). The wheelbase was increased by 8 cm over the outgoing 7 Series. BMW also marketed an F03 model as the "High Security 7 Series" armoured car as well as an F04 model as a "ActiveHybrid 7" hybrid-electric model.

In July 2015, BMW transitioned production from the F01 to the BMW 7 Series (G11).
Ghoomar (song)
"Ghoomar" is a song sung by Shreya Ghoshal and Swaroop Khan from the soundtrack album of the 2018 film Padmaavat. The music of the song was composed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali while the lyrics were provided by A. M. Turaz and Swaroop Khan. The music video of the track features Deepika Padukone, Shahid Kapoor and Anupriya Goenka. The movie is dubbed in Tamil and Telugu and hence the song was also released as "Goomar" in Tamil and "Jhoommani Jhoommani Aade" in Telugu. The Tamil and Telugu versions as well were sung by Ghoshal while the Kannada version was sung by Darshan N and Sparsha RK.

Swaroop Khan
Swaroop Khan is an Indian playback folk singer from Rajasthan.
He is known for his popular songs "Tharki Chokro" in PK and Ghoomar in Padmaavat.
He had contested in the Indian Idol Season 5 in 2010, and was given his first opportunity in Bollywood to sing on the title track of The Film Emotional Atyachar by composer Bappi Lahiri who was impressed by Swaroop's versatility.
National Oldtime Fiddlers' Contest
The National Oldtime Fiddlers' Contest is an old-time music competition, festival, and musical gathering in the western United States, held annually during the third full week in June in Weiser, Idaho, about fifty miles (80 km) northwest of Boise. Within the fiddling community, it is often referred to simply as "Weiser";  the contest draws musicians from across the country.  Nearly 7,000 attend for the week and almost 350 fiddlers compete in eight  divisions. In addition to the contest there are workshops, performances, a battle of the bands, a parade and a carnival. The contest is held at Weiser High School: the competition is held in the gymnasium, and most of the contestants camp in the school's sports fields.

Weiser, Idaho
Weiser (/ˈwiːzər/ WEE-zər) is a city in and the county seat of Washington County, Idaho. The city supports farm, orchard, and livestock industries. The city sits at the confluence of the Weiser River with the Snake River, which marks the border with Oregon. As of the 2020 census, Weiser had a population of 5,630.
Alexan Pasha Palace
Alexan Pasha Palace was a residence of the Alexan family, a prominent lawyer and politician, in Asyut, Egypt. It was built in 1910. In 1995, the building, which was one of a few remaining residences in Asyut, was purchased by the government. The plan is to restore and convert it into a new national museum. The cost of the restoration was estimated in 2017 to be EGP 10 million.

The building was listed as one of 25 sites of the 2020 World Monuments Watch published by World Monuments Fund (WMF).

Asyut
Asyut (Asyūṭ  pronounced [ʔɑsˈjuːtˤ]) is a city in Upper Egypt and the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate in Egypt. It was built close to the ancient city of the same name, which is situated nearby. The modern city is located at 27°11′00″N 31°10′00″E﻿ / ﻿27.18333°N 31.16667°E﻿ / 27.18333; 31.16667, while the ancient city is located at 27°10′00″N 31°08′00″E﻿ / ﻿27.16667°N 31.13333°E﻿ / 27.16667; 31.13333. The city is home to one of the largest Coptic Christian communities in the country.
Roque Salas Rivera
Roque Raquel Salas Rivera (born 1985) is a Puerto Rican poet who writes in Spanish and English, focusing on the experience of being a migrant to the United States, the colonial status of Puerto Rico, and of identifying as a queer Puerto Rican and Philadelphian of non-binary gender. He has a Ph.D. in Comparative Literature and Literary Theory from the University of Pennsylvania and was selected as the fourth Poet Laureate of Philadelphia in 2018. He currently lives in Puerto Rico.

Poet Laureate of Philadelphia
Poet Laureate of Philadelphia is a civic position in the City of Philadelphia.  The Poet Laureate has been described as an "Ambassador of Poetry". The holder of the position is expected to actively promote literacy and encourage expression in the city. As part of their position, they participate in service work, workshops and readings. One of their commitments is to mentor the youth poet laureate of Philadelphia.

The position was created by the City of Philadelphia during the city administration of Mayor Michael Nutter, and continued under Mayor Jim Kenney. It was originally managed by the city's Office of Arts, Culture and the Creative Economy.  As of 2017, administration of the program was transferred to the Free Library of Philadelphia.

Poetry makes us remember the best of ourselves and others... it keeps us constantly confronting the most important question of this twenty-first century: what does it mean to be human?
Provinces of Italy
The provinces of Italy (Italian: province d'Italia) are the second-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, on an intermediate level between a municipality (comune) and a region (regione). Since 2015, provinces have been classified as "institutional bodies of second level".

There are currently 110 institutional bodies of second level in Italy, including 82 ordinary provinces, 2 autonomous provinces, 4 regional decentralization entities, 6 free municipal consortia, and 15 metropolitan cities, as well as the Aosta Valley region (which also exercises the powers of a province).

Italian provinces (with the exception of the current Sardinian provinces) correspond to the NUTS 3 regions.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Corno (river)
The Corno is a small river of the northern Lazio and eastern Umbria in Italy. Its source is on the upper slopes of Mount Corno, at an approximate altitude of 1700 m (5575 ft), and it flows for about 60 km (37 mi), almost always due north, past the towns of Leonessa, Ocre, Ruscio, Monteleone di Spoleto, Roccaporena, Cascia to Serravalle where it receives the waters of the Sordo; from there the last 11 km in a northwesterly direction to Triponzo, where it flows into the Nera at 420 m (1378 ft) altitude. Of the towns mentioned, only Serravalle and Triponzo are actually on the river, since in its upper course the Corno's torrential nature is not such as to make it safe for the siting of towns.

Sordo (river)
The Sordo is a small river in eastern Umbria in Italy. Its source is about 1 km south of Norcia at an approximate altitude of 600 m (1950 ft), and it flows for about 7 km (4.3 mi) west to Serravalle where it empties into the Corno and river Nera.
Ed Carpenter (racing driver)
Everette Edward Carpenter Jr. (born March 3, 1981) is an American auto racing driver, currently competing in the IndyCar Series for his team, Ed Carpenter Racing. He is the stepson of Indy Racing League founder Tony George. He holds the joint-record for most Indy 500 starts without a win along with George Snider.

Sarah Fisher Hartman Racing
Sarah Fisher Hartman Racing, currently competing as the Sarah Fisher Hartman Racing Development, is an auto racing team founded in January 2008 which competed in the Verizon IndyCar Series. The team is jointly owned by former driver Sarah Fisher, Fisher's husband Andrew O'Gara, and businessman Willis "Wink" E. Hartman. The team competed in the IndyCar Series until 2014, after which it merged with Ed Carpenter Racing to form CFH Racing for the 2015 season. The team ceased operations after the 2015 season, but returned as a development series team in 2020 as Sarah Fisher Hartman Racing Development.
Holden Commodore (VB)
The Holden Commodore (VB) is a mid-size car that was produced by Holden, from 1978 to 1980. It was the first iteration of the first generation of the Holden Commodore, and was the Holden version of the General Motors V-body (V78) platform - developed primarily for the Opel Rekord E.

The car was officially launched on 26 October 1978 with showrooms receiving the first examples on 13 November 1978. Production of the VB only lasted seventeen months, the shortest life span of any Commodore. The VB Commodore was effectively the successor of the Holden HZ, although most models in that series continued to be produced until the introduction of the facelifted VC Commodore on 30 March 1980.

The VB became Australia's number one selling car in 1979, the model's first full year of production. The VB also won Wheels Car of the Year award for 1978, with the car being praised for its value for money and referred to as "the best Australian car ever."

Holden straight-six motor
The Holden straight-six motor is a series of straight-six engines that were produced by General Motors Holden at their Port Melbourne plant between 1948 and 1986. The initial Grey motor was so dubbed because of the colour of the cylinder block, later motors came in the form of a Red, Blue, Black, and the four-cylinder Starfire engine. These engines were fitted to all Australian designed Holdens of the same years, and the four-cylinder Starfire notably also found its way into the Toyota Corona (XT130). The Grey motor is a different engine from the others, while the Red, Blue, Black, and even the Starfire are all inter-related with many common parts and castings.
Hordabø Municipality
Hordabø is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 39.5-square-kilometre (15.3 sq mi) municipality existed from 1924 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Alver Municipality in the traditional district of Nordhordland in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Bøvågen, where Hordabø Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 39.5-square-kilometre (15.3 sq mi) municipality was the 599th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Hordabø Municipality was the 493rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,704. The municipality's population density was 43.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (112/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 8.8% over the previous 10-year period.

Radøy (island)
Radøy is an island in Alver Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 101.3-square-kilometre (39.1 sq mi) island is located east of Fedjefjorden. The highest point of the island is the 217-metre (712 ft) tall Morkefjellet.

The island lies in the Nordhordland region of the county. The Hjeltefjorden and Radfjorden flow along the western coast and the Lurefjorden and Radsundet flow along the eastern coast. The island of Fosnøyna lies to the north of Radøy, the island of Toska lies to the west, the island of Holsnøy lies to the south, and the Lindås peninsula lies to the east.

The island had a population of 6,176 inhabitants in 2017, with the largest urban areas being the village of Manger on the west-central coast and the village of Bøvågen on the northern coast. Radøy is connected to the mainland via the Alversund Bridge on the southern tip of the island.
Lucy Masterman
Lucy Blanche Masterman (née Lyttelton; 19 July 1884 – 22 April 1977) was a British poet and diarist from the Lyttelton family. In 1908 she married the Liberal journalist Charles Masterman, who was later elected to parliament and briefly served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. After his death, she stood for parliament unsuccessfully as a Liberal.

Lyttelton family
The Lyttelton family (sometimes spelled Littleton) is a British aristocratic family. Over time, several members of the Lyttelton family were made knights, baronets and peers. Hereditary titles held by the Lyttelton family include the viscountcies of Cobham (since 1889) and Chandos (since 1954), as well as the Lyttelton barony (since 1794) and Lyttelton baronetcy (since 1618). Several other members of the family have also risen to prominence, particularly in the field of cricket.
Olaus Arvesen
Olaus Arvesen (26 September 1830 – 1 July 1917) was a Norwegian educator and politician for the Liberal Party.

He was born in Onsøy. He graduated as cand.theol. in 1862, and was influenced by the pastor and educator N. F. S. Grundtvig. While Grundtvig is often called "the father of the folk high school", Arvesen established Norway's first folk high school at Sagatun in 1864, together with Herman Anker.

Arvesen was also editor-in-chief of the newspapers Hamar Stiftstidende (from 1866) and Oplandenes Avis (from 1872). He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1892, representing the constituency Hedemarkens Amt. He was a deputy representative during the term 1985–1897. In 1900, he was elected for a second term, representing the constituency of Sarpsborg where he lived while working as a Supreme Court barrister. In 1884 he was a co-founder of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights.

He died in 1917. He was the father of violinist Arve Arvesen.

Herman Anker
Herman Anker (15 July 1839 – 9 August 1896) was a Norwegian school teacher and educationalist.

He was born at Rød Manor in Halden, a son of wholesaler Peter Martin Anker. He was the brother of Christian August Anker, and father of Katti Anker Møller and Ella Anker. 
He went to the Latin School at Fredrikshald and took school graduation in 1857. He attended the University of Christiania earning his theological degree in 1863.

As a theological student in Copenhagen, he had met Grundtvig and became introduced to his thought on education and the development of the folk high school movement. In 1864 along with Olaus Arvesen, he founded Sagatun Folk High School at Hamar. This was the first  folk high school in Norway.
Civil Disobedience (essay)
"Resistance to Civil Government", also called "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience" or "Civil Disobedience", is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau, first published in 1849. In it, Thoreau argues that individuals should prioritize their conscience over compliance with unjust laws, asserting that passive submission to government authority enables injustice. Thoreau was motivated by his opposition to  slavery and the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), which he viewed as morally and politically objectionable.

The essay has had a significant impact on political thought and activism, influencing figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, who adopted its principles in the struggle for Indian independence, and Martin Luther King Jr., who cited it as a key influence during the American civil rights movement. Its themes of individual responsibility and resistance to injustice have made it a foundational text in the philosophy of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience.

Satyagraha
Satyāgraha or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) as early as 1919.
Gandhi practised satyagraha as part of the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social-justice and similar movements.
Lawksawk
Lawksawk (Shan: လွၵ်ႉၸွၵ်ႇ), also known as Yatsauk (Burmese: ရပ်စောက်; also spelt Yatsawk), is a town in Shan State, Myanmar. It is the capital town and administrative center of Lawksawk Township. The town is located along an oxbow lake of the Zawgyi River at an altitude of 910 metres (2,990 ft). Lawksawk is about 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of Taunggyi, or 70 kilometres (43 mi) by road on National Route 43. It was the historical capital of Lawksawk State. The town is near Bahtoo Station, a major military base.

Bahtoo Station
Ba Htoo Station (Burmese: ဗထူးတပ်မြို့), also called Bahtoo Station and Fort Ba Htoo, is a major military base located near Lawksawk (known as Yatsauk in Burmese) in southern Shan State, Myanmar (Burma). Named after Ba Htoo, a colonial military hero, the base was established by the Burmese Armed Forces in November 1953 to house the families of Burmese military officers and provide training to officers. The Army Officers Training School is located on the base.
Morris Communications
Morris Communications is an American privately-held media company headquartered in Augusta, Georgia. It owns magazine publishing, outdoor advertising, book publishing and distribution, visitor publications, and online services.

Morris Communications is the parent company of Morris Media Network. Morris Media Network consists of city magazines and special-interest magazines including travel. Morris brands include Alaska Magazine, American Angler, Skirt!, The Milepost, Western Horseman, and the Where series for travelers.

Morris Communications is separate from Morris Multimedia, which was founded by Charles H. Morris, a member of the same family that founded Morris Communications.

Western Horseman
Western Horseman, a monthly magazine published by the magazine division of Morris Communications, was first published in January 1936. It features articles on Western riding, the breeding and care of horses, horse training and tack, and ranching. It is the category leader in equine publishing and is known as "The World's Leading Horse Magazine Since 1936," and as "America's Favorite Horse Magazine Since 1936."
Independence (cruise ship)
Independence is a small cruise ship owned and operated by American Cruise Lines (ACL). She was built in 2010 by Chesapeake Shipbuilding in Salisbury, Maryland for overnight coastal, river, and inland waterway cruising within the continental United States.

Chesapeake Shipbuilding
Chesapeake Shipbuilding is a shipbuilding company, based in Salisbury, Maryland, United States, since 1980, on the site of the former Roberts Shipyard. They are capable of constructing vessels up to 450 feet in length on the 13 acre yard.  The yard includes 2,000 feet (670 yd) of deepwater bulkhead along the Wicomico River. The company was contracted in 2022 to build 12 new hybrid catamaran cruise ships for United States waters. In addition to cruise ships, the company also builds tug boats.
Alfred W. Greer House
Alfred W. Greer House is a historic home located at Poplar Bluff, Butler County, Missouri. It was built in 1915, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, rectangular plan, American Craftsman style brick dwelling with a 2+1⁄2-story side wing.  It has a gable roof with wide eaves and exposed rafters and features large brick porch piers on the main facade.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. It is located in the Cynthia-Kinzer Historic District.

Poplar Bluff, Missouri
Poplar Bluff is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Missouri, United States, that is known as "The Gateway to the Ozarks" among other names. The population was 16,225 at the 2020 census. The Poplar Bluff Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of all of Butler County. The city is at the crossroads of U.S. Route 60 and U.S. Route 67.