hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bay Settlement, Wisconsin
Bay Settlement is an unincorporated community located in the town of Scott, Brown County, Wisconsin, United States. Bay Settlement is located on the outskirts of Green Bay, 7 miles (11 km) east-northeast of the city's downtown.

Brown County, Wisconsin
Brown County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 268,740, making it the fourth-most populous county in Wisconsin. The county seat is Green Bay. Brown County is part of the Green Bay metropolitan area.
Sheriff of Angus
The Sheriff of Angus (alternatively the Sheriff of Forfar) was historically the royal official responsible for enforcing law and order in Angus, Scotland and bringing criminals to justice.

Prior to 1748 most sheriffdoms were held on a hereditary basis. From that date, following the Jacobite uprising of 1745, they were replaced by salaried sheriff-deputes, qualified advocates who were members of the Scottish Bar.

After the merger of sheriffdoms in 1934 the post became that of the Sheriff of Perth and Angus.

Angus, Scotland
Angus (Scots: Angus; Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the east of the county.

Angus was historically a province, and later a sheriffdom and county (called Forfarshire or the County of Forfar until 1928), bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east, Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay. The county included Dundee until 1894, when it was made a county of a city. The pre-1894 boundaries of Angus continue to be used as a registration county. Between 1975 and 1996 Angus was a lower-tier district within the Tayside region. The district took on its modern form and powers in 1996, since when the local authority has been Angus Council.
McChord Field
McChord Field (formerly and still commonly known as McChord Air Force Base) is a United States Air Force base in the northwest United States, in Pierce County, Washington. South of Tacoma, McChord AFB is the home of the 62nd Airlift Wing, Air Mobility Command, the airbase's primary mission being worldwide strategic airlift.

The McChord AFB facility was consolidated with the U.S. Army's Fort Lewis on 1 February 2010 to become part of the Joint Base Lewis-McChord complex. This initiative was driven by the Base Realignment and Closure Round in 2005 and is designed to combine current infrastructure into one maximizing war fighting capability and efficiency, while saving taxpayer dollars.

Second Air Force
The Second Air Force (2 AF; 2d Air Force in 1942) is a USAF numbered air force responsible for conducting basic military and technical training for Air Force enlisted members and non-flying officers.  In World War II the CONUS unit defended the Northwestern United States and Upper Great Plains regions and during the Cold War, was Strategic Air Command unit with strategic bombers and missiles. Elements of Second Air Force engaged in combat operations during the Korean War; Vietnam War, as well as Operation Desert Storm.
Fine-structure constant
In physics, the fine-structure constant, also known as the Sommerfeld constant, commonly denoted by α (the Greek letter alpha), is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between elementary charged particles.

It is a dimensionless quantity (dimensionless physical constant), independent of the system of units used, which is related to the strength of the coupling of an elementary charge e with the electromagnetic field, by the formula . Its numerical value is approximately 0.0072973525643 ≈ 137.035999177-1, with a relative uncertainty of 1.6×10−10.

The constant was named by Arnold Sommerfeld, who introduced it in 1916 when extending the Bohr model of the atom.  quantified the gap in the fine structure of the spectral lines of the hydrogen atom, which had been measured precisely by Michelson and Morley in 1887.

Why the constant should have this value is not understood, but there are a number of ways to measure its value.

Quantum electrodynamics
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction.

In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it "the jewel of physics" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen.: Ch1  It is the most precise and stringently tested theory in physics.
Minangkabau people
The Minangkabau (Minangkabau: Bangso Minangkabau, Urang Minangkabau or Urang Awak, lit. 'our people', Jawi script: منڠكبو; Indonesian: Orang Minangkabau; Malay: Orang Minangkabau, Jawi script: أورڠ مينڠکاباو), Minangkabos, or simply Minang, are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the Minangkabau Highlands of Western Sumatra region on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

The Minangkabau's West Sumatera homelands was the seat of the Pagaruyung Kingdom, believed by early historians to have been the cradle of the Malay race, and the location of the Padri War (1821 to 1837).

Minangkabau are the ethnic majority in West Sumatra and Negeri Sembilan. Minangkabau are also a recognised minority in other parts of Indonesia as well as Malaysia, Singapore, and the Netherlands.

Padri Wars
The Padri Wars (also called the Minangkabau War) was fought from 1803 until 1837 in West Sumatra, Indonesia between the Padri and the Adat. The Padri were Muslim clerics from Sumatra who wanted to impose Sharia in Minangkabau in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Adat comprised the Minangkabau nobility and traditional chiefs. They asked for the help of the Dutch, who intervened in 1821 and helped the nobility defeat the Padri faction.
Middle Plantation, Virginia
Middle Plantation in the Virginia Colony was the unincorporated town established in 1632 that became Williamsburg in 1699. It was located on high ground about halfway across the Virginia Peninsula between the James River and York River. Middle Plantation represented the first major inland settlement for the colony. It was established by an Act of Assembly to provide a link between Jamestown and Chiskiack, a settlement located across the Peninsula on the York River.

Bruton Parish Church
Bruton Parish Church is located in the restored area of Colonial Williamsburg in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. It was established in 1674 by the consolidation of two previous parishes in the Virginia Colony, and remains an active Episcopal parish. The building, constructed 1711–15, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970 as a well-preserved early example of colonial religious architecture.
Eloy Rojas
Eloy David Rojas Leandro (born 25 March 1967) is a Venezuelan former professional boxer in the Featherweight division.

Rojas turned pro in 1986 and won the WBA and Lineal Featherweight Titles in 1993 by defeating Yong-Kyun Park by decision.  He defended the titles six times before losing them to Wilfredo Vazquez in 1996 via TKO in a fight which he was leading on all cards.  Rojas never challenged for a world title again, and retired in 2005 after a loss to Herman Ngoudjo.

Wilfredo Vázquez
Wilfredo Vázquez Olivera (born August 2, 1960) is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer who competed from 1981 to 2002. He held world championships in three weight classes, including the WBA bantamweight title from 1987 to 1988, the WBA super bantamweight title from 1992 to 1995, and the WBA and lineal featherweight titles from 1996 to 1998. His son, Wilfredo Vázquez Jr., is also a former boxer and world champion.
Chapter V of the Constitution of Australia
Chapter V of the Constitution of Australia deals with the relationship between the states and the Commonwealth, and other matters pertaining to the states.

It is composed of fifteen sections, namely:

Section 106: Saving of Constitutions

Section 107: Saving of power of State Parliaments

Section 108: Saving of State laws

Section 109: Inconsistency of laws

Section 110: Provisions referring to Governor

Section 111: States may surrender territory

Section 112: States may levy charges for inspection laws

Section 113: Intoxicating liquids

Section 114: States may not raise forces. Taxation of property of Commonwealth or State

Section 115: States not to coin money

Section 116: Commonwealth not to legislate in respect of religion

Section 117: Rights of residents in States

Section 118: Recognition of laws etc. of States

Section 119: Protection of States from invasion and violence

Section 120: Custody of offenders against laws of the Commonwealth

Section 118 of the Constitution of Australia
Section 118 is a crucial element of the Constitution of Australia, as it provides for the validity of state laws, legal entities and court judgments within a federal commonwealth, and thereby allows the Commonwealth of Australia itself to function.
Sac de gemecs
The sac de gemecs (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsaɡ də ʒəˈmeks]; literally "bag of moans", also known as buna [ˈbuna] in Andorra or coixinera [kuʃiˈneɾə], gaita [ˈɡajtə] or botella [buˈteʎə]) is a type of bagpipes found in Catalonia (eastern Spain spilling over into southern France).

The instrument consists of a chanter, a mouthblown blowpipe, and three drones.  The lowest drone (bordó llarg) plays a note two octaves below the tonic of the chanter.  The middle drone (bordó mitjà) plays a fifth above the bass.  The high drone (bordó petit) plays an octave below the chanter, thus one octave above the bass drone.

Bagpipes
The bagpipe is a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipe is well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, North Africa, West Asia, around the Persian Gulf and northern parts of South Asia.

The term bagpipes is also used, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as "the pipes", "a set of pipes" or "a stand of pipes".

Bagpipes are part of the aerophone group because to play the instrument,  air must be blown into it to produce a sound.
Giraffidae
The Giraffidae are a family of ruminant artiodactyl mammals that share a recent common ancestor with deer and bovids. This family, once a diverse group spread throughout Eurasia and Africa, presently comprises only two extant genera, the giraffe (between one and eight, usually four, species of Giraffa, depending on taxonomic interpretation) and the okapi (the only known species of Okapia). Both are confined to sub-Saharan Africa: the giraffe to the open savannas, and the okapi to the dense rainforest of the Congo. The two genera look very different on first sight, but share a number of common features, including a long, dark-coloured tongue, lobed canine teeth, and horns covered in skin, called ossicones.

Vishnutherium
Vishnutherium (Vishnu's beast) is an extinct genus of the Giraffidae from the Miocene epoch. The genus contains two species, V. iravadicum and V. priscillum, discovered from Myanmar, Iran, Pakistan and possibly India.
Chirocephalidae
Chirocephalidae is a family of fairy shrimp, characterised by a reduced or vestigial maxilla, more than two setae on the fifth endite, divided pre-epipodites and widely separated seminal vesicles. It consists of the following eight genera, including the genera formerly placed in the families Linderiellidae and Polyartemiidae:

Artemiopsis G. O. Sars, 1897

Branchinectella Daday de Dées, 1910

Chirocephalus Prévost, 1820

†Dexteria Brtek, 1965

Eubranchipus Verrill, 1870

Linderiella Brtek, 1964

Polyartemia Fischer, 1851

Polyartemiella Daday de Dées, 1909

Anostraca
Anostraca is one of the four orders of crustaceans in the class Branchiopoda; its members are referred to as fairy shrimp. They live in vernal pools and hypersaline lakes across the world, and they have even been found in deserts, ice-covered mountain lakes, and Antarctic ice. They are usually 6–25 mm (0.24–0.98 in) long (exceptionally up to 170 mm or 6.7 in). Most species have 20 body segments, bearing 11 pairs of leaf-like phyllopodia (swimming legs), and the body lacks a carapace. They swim "upside-down" and feed by filtering organic particles from the water or by scraping algae from surfaces, with the exception of Branchinecta gigas, or "giant fairy shrimp", which is itself a predator of other species of anostracans. They are an important food for many birds and fish, and some are cultured and harvested for use as fish food. There are 300 species spread across 8 families.
Honey Birdette
Honey Birdette is an Australian lingerie retail chain, with stores in Australia, the US and the UK.

The company opened its first store in Australia in 2006. In September 2016, they opened their first overseas store in London's Covent Garden.

BBRC owned a 62% stake until June 2021, when PLBY Group acquired Honey Birdette for A$443 million.

As of September 2025, they have 61 stores globally, 50 of them in Australia.

PLBY Group
PLBY Group, Inc. is an American global media and lifestyle company founded by Hugh Hefner as Playboy Enterprises, Inc. to oversee the Playboy magazine and related assets. Its headquarters were in Los Angeles, California up until 2025, when they relocated to Miami Beach, Florida.

The company is focused on four primary business lines: Sexual Wellness, Style & Apparel, Gaming and Lifestyle, and Beauty & Grooming. Today, PLBY Group, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the development and distribution of content, products and high-profile events that embody both "eroticism and fine art", and apparel retailing. It is in the top twenty most licensed brands globally.
's-Gravesloot
's-Gravesloot is a former hamlet and municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It was located between Kamerik and Woerden.

's-Gravesloot was a heerlijkheid (manor) owned by the province of Utrecht until 1751, when it was sold to a private owner. When the current municipal system was introduced in the Netherlands in 1812, it became part of Kamerik. When that municipality was split into three parts, 's-Gravesloot became a separate municipality again. In 1857, Kamerik-Mijzijde, Kamerik-Houtdijken, and 's-Gravesloot merged again, to form the new municipality of Kamerik. Kamerik and 's-Gravesloot are now part of Woerden.

The municipality of 's-Gravesloot consisted of a polder with the same name, covered an area of 3.23 km2, and contained the hamlet of 's-Gravesloot. It had a population of about 110.

Kamerik-Houtdijken
Kamerik-Houtdijken is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It existed from 1818 to 1857, after which it merged with 's-Gravesloot, Kamerik-Mijzijde, and Teckop, to form the new municipality of Kamerik.

During that time, it had about 620 inhabitants, in three polders: Kamerik-Teylingens, Groot-Houtdijk, and Klein-Houtdijk. This included the village of Oud-Kamerik, the hamlet Houtdijken, and half of the village of Kamerik.
1921 Auckland Rugby League season
The 1921 season of Auckland Rugby League was its 13th. Seventy two teams played across its six main grades.

The first grade competition featured seven teams, City Rovers, Marist Old Boys, Maritime, Devonport, Fire Brigade (formerly Grafton Athletic), Newton Rangers, and Ponsonby United. City Rovers comfortably won the senior championship for the 4th time with a 8 win, 1 draw, 0 loss record ahead of Maritime who were unable to repeat their title win from the previous season. City had previously won the title in 1910, 1911, and 1916. This was to be the first of 3 consecutive titles for them. They also won the Roope Rooster knockout competition for the 3rd time after previous wins in 1916 and 1918.

Maritime Football Club
Maritime was a rugby league club in Auckland. They competed from 1918 to 1930 under the name Maritime for 4 seasons, Athletic for 4 seasons, Grafton Athletic for 3 seasons and Kingsland Athletic (following a merger with Kingsland Rovers) for 2 seasons, before the club was 'forced' to join with Marist Old Boys in 1931.
Topps
The Topps Company, Inc. is an American company that manufactures trading cards and other  collectibles. Formerly based in New York City, Topps is best known as a leading producer of baseball and other sports and non-sports themed trading cards. Topps also produces cards under the brand names Allen & Ginter and Bowman.

In the 2010s, Topps was the only baseball card manufacturer with a license with Major League Baseball. Following the loss of that license to Fanatics, Inc. in 2022, Fanatics acquired Topps in the same year.

Bazooka (chewing gum)
Bazooka is an American brand of bubble gum that was introduced in 1947. It is a product of "Bazooka Candy Brands" (BCB), which was a division of The Topps Co. until the latter’s acquisition by Fanatics, Inc. in 2022.

In October 2023, it was announced that Apax Partners had completed the acquisition of BCB and its product portfolio.
Cambrian explosion
The Cambrian explosion (also known as Cambrian radiation or Cambrian diversification) is an interval of time beginning approximately 538.8 million years ago in the Cambrian period of the early Paleozoic, when a sudden radiation of complex life occurred and practically all major animal phyla started appearing in the fossil record. It lasted for about 13 to 25 million years and resulted in the divergence of most modern metazoan phyla. The event was accompanied by major diversification in other groups of organisms as well.

Before early Cambrian diversification, most organisms were relatively simple, composed of individual cells or small multicellular organisms, occasionally organized into colonies. As the rate of diversification subsequently accelerated, the variety of life became much more complex and began to resemble that of today. Almost all present-day animal phyla appeared during this period, including the earliest chordates.

Wonderful Life (book)
Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History is a 1989 book on the  evolution of Cambrian fauna by Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould. The volume made The New York Times Best Seller list, was the 1991 winner of the Royal Society's Rhone-Poulenc Prize and the American Historical Association's Forkosch Award, and was a 1991 finalist for the Pulitzer Prize. Pulitzer juror Joyce Carol Oates later revealed the non-fiction jury had unanimously recommended the book for the prize, but the selection was rejected by the Pulitzer board. Gould described his later book Full House (1996) as a companion volume to Wonderful Life.
High Beach
High Beach (or High Beech) is a village inside Epping Forest in south-west Essex, England. Part of the civil parish of Waltham Abbey, the village is within the Epping Forest District and the ward of Waltham Abbey High Beach, and lies approximately 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Charing Cross.

It is the location of Lippitts Hill and the Metropolitan Police Air Support Unit.

Lippitts Hill
Lippitts Hill is a hill in Epping Forest in High Beach, Waltham Abbey, Essex. It has played several historic roles in the defence and policing of London.

The hill was the site of a gun emplacement in the First World War and used as an anti-aircraft site in the Second World War. The United States's 184th anti-aircraft artillery installed their own guns in 1941, and added an underground control room and block houses to the site. A prisoner of war camp was established at Lippitts Hill by the British after the camp was abandoned by the Americans in 1944. Relics from the Second World War at the camp include a memorial to the American forces that served there, and a concrete sculpture of a man, left by a German prisoner of war, Rudi Webber. The local branch of the Peace Pledge Union, a pacifist organisation, would invite local prisoners of war from the camp to their homes on Christmas Day.

The hill was the location of the bodies in the Babes in the Wood murders in 1970.
Captaincy of Grão Pará
The Capitania of Grão-Pará, in English Captaincy of Grão-Pará (region initially called pa'ra, from Tupi-Guarani: "river-sea") was one of the administrative units of Colonial Brazil (in Portuguese America), created in 1621 along with the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, from the evolution of the Conquista do Pará (or Empire of Amazonas) a Portuguese colonial territory created in 1616 by Alexandre de Moura in the Captaincy of Maranhão.

Captaincy of Maranhão
The Captaincy of Maranhão (Portuguese: Capitania do Maranhão) was one of the administrative subdivisions of the Brazilian territory during the colonial period in Portuguese America. It was created in 1534 along with thirteen other hereditary captaincies and granted by John III, King of Portugal, to the so-called donatários.

The Captaincy of Maranhão included the northeast of the current state of Maranhão, the eastern part of the state of Pará (now Belém) and the island of Marajó, and was divided into two sections, with Aires da Cunha and João de Barros holding the first and Fernando Álvares de Andrade the second.
OppenheimerFunds
OppenheimerFunds, Inc. was a global asset manager. As of February 28, 2019, the company managed over $260 billion in assets in over 13,000,000 investor accounts. In May 2019, the company was acquired by Invesco. OppenheimerFunds had 16 investment management teams that oversaw actively managed equity, fixed income, alternative, and multi-asset portfolios, and exchange-traded funds. Customers included financial advisors and wealth managers and their clients, as well as institutional investors, corporations, financial endowments, foundations, and sovereign wealth funds.

MassMutual
The Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, also known as MassMutual, is an American life insurance company.

MassMutual provides financial products such as life insurance, disability income insurance, long term care insurance, and annuities. Major affiliate includes Barings LLC.

MassMutual ranks at 100 in the 2022 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. The company has revenues of $10.7 billion and assets under management of $312 billion (as of 2022). The company employs more than 7,000 in the United States, and a total of 10,614 internationally.
Henri Étiévant
Henri Étiévant (13 March 1870 – 9 August 1953) was a French actor and film director.

Born Henri Gaston Étiévan-Estival in Paris, he trained at the National Conservatory of Dramatic Arts of Paris and was an experienced stage actor before he entered the world of film. He played Javert in Albert Capellani's 1912 silent film Les Miserables. He died in 1953 in the 11th arrondissement of Paris. His daughter, Yvette Etiévant, was also an actress.

Albert Capellani
Albert Capellani (23 August 1874 – 26 September 1931) was a French film director and screenwriter of the silent era. He directed films between 1905 and 1922. One of his brothers was the actor-sculptor Paul Capellani, and his son was a film director Roger Capellani.