hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Byzantine cuisine
Byzantine cuisine was the continuation of local ancient Greek cuisine, ancient Roman cuisine, and Mediterranean cuisine. Byzantine trading with foreigners brought in grains, sugar, livestock, fruits, vegetables, and spices that would otherwise be limited to specific geographical climates.

Cooks experimented with new combinations of food, creating two styles in the process. These were the eastern (Asia Minor and the eastern Aegean), consisting of Byzantine cuisine supplemented by trade items, and a leaner style primarily based on local Greek cuisine culture.

Ancient Greek cuisine
Ancient Greek cuisine was characterized by its frugality for most, reflecting agricultural hardship, but a great diversity of ingredients was known, and wealthy Greeks were known to celebrate with elaborate meals and feasts.: 95(129c)

The cuisine was founded on the "Mediterranean triad" of cereals, olives, and grapes, which had many uses and great commercial value, but other ingredients were as important, if not more so, to the average diet: most notably legumes. Research suggests that the agricultural system of ancient Greece could not have succeeded without the cultivation of legumes.

Modern knowledge of ancient Greek cuisine and eating habits is derived from textual, archeological, and artistic evidence.
Belle Chrystall
Belle Chrystall (25 April 1910 – 7 June 2003) was a British actress who appeared in a number of leading roles in British films during the 1930s. She was born in Preston, Lancashire in 1910. She came to London and after appearing on stage was given a minor part in a film A Warm Corner, directed by Victor Saville but she was given no more work after that. The filming of Hindle Wakes led her to apply for the part of Jenny Hawthorne which led her to become an instant success. She made her last film in 1940.

Hindle Wakes (1931 film)
Hindle Wakes is a 1931 British drama film directed by Victor Saville for Gainsborough Pictures and starring Belle Chrystall and John Stuart.  The film is adapted from Stanley Houghton's 1912 stage play of the same name, which had previously been filmed twice as a silent in 1918 and 1927.  Saville had been the producer on the highly regarded 1927 version directed by Maurice Elvey.  Both Stuart and Norman McKinnel returned in 1931 to reprise their roles from the 1927 film.

It was shot at the Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush with sets designed by the art director Andrew Mazzei. Location shooting took place in Preston, Blackpool and North Wales. Saville kept the plot faithful to its source material, making the film essentially a sound retread of the earlier silent versions, with only a small number of minor cosmetic adjustments (for example the name of the lead character is changed from Fanny to Jenny, and the fatal accident here results from a bus crash rather than a drowning).
Nijeberkoop
Nijeberkoop (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌnɛiəbərˈkoːp]; West Frisian: Nijeberkeap) is a village consisting of about 270 inhabitants in the municipality of Ooststellingwerf in 2017 in the east of Friesland, the Netherlands.

The village was first mentioned in 1320 as Oostbrocop, Westbrocop. It used to be two hamlets. Nije (new) was added to distinguish between Oldeberkoop. The etymology of -berkoop is unclear. Nijeberkoop developed in the 13th century as a linear settlement. In 1826, the church was demolished and only the bell tower remained. Nijeberkoop was home to 142 people in 1840.

Oldeberkoop
Oldeberkoop (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɔldəbərˈkoːp]; West Frisian: Aldeberkeap [ˌɔːdəbəˈkɪəp]) is a village consisting of about 1,580 inhabitants in the municipality of Ooststellingwerf in the east of Friesland, the Netherlands.
Nelson Mandela: An International Tribute for a Free South Africa
51°33′21.9″N 0°16′44.7″W﻿ / ﻿51.556083°N 0.279083°W﻿ / 51.556083; -0.279083


Nelson Mandela: An International Tribute for a Free South Africa was a music concert that took place on 16 April 1990 at Wembley Stadium in London, England. The event was held before a capacity audience of 76,000 people and was broadcast to more than 60 countries. It was held two months after Nelson Mandela's release from a South African apartheid prison and was regarded by him as an official international reception.

Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute
The Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute was a popular-music concert staged on 11 June 1988 at Wembley Stadium, London, and broadcast to 67 countries and an audience of 600 million. Marking the forthcoming 70th birthday (18 July 1988) of the imprisoned anti-apartheid revolutionary Nelson Mandela, the concert was also referred to as Freedomfest, Free Nelson Mandela Concert and Mandela Day. In the United States, the Fox television network heavily censored the political aspects of the concert. The concert is considered a notable example of anti-apartheid music.
Bahamas national rugby union team
The Bahamas national rugby union team represent the Bahamas in the sport of rugby union. The team have thus far not qualified for a Rugby World Cup, but have participated in qualifying tournament. The nation is classified as tier three by the International Rugby Board (IRB).

Trinidad and Tobago national rugby union team
The Trinidad and Tobago national rugby union team has thus far not qualified for the Rugby World Cup, but has participated in qualifying tournaments since 1999. They are classed as a tier-three nation by World Rugby.

The national side is ranked 52nd in the world, as of 16 January 2023.
Unknown Island
Unknown Island is a 1948 American adventure film directed by Jack Bernhard and starring Virginia Grey, Phillip Reed and Richard Denning. Shot in Cinecolor it was released by Film Classics and in Britain by General Film Distributors.

Richard Denning
Richard Denning (born Louis Albert Heindrich Denninger Jr.; March 27, 1914 – October 11, 1998) was an American actor who starred in science fiction films of the 1950s, including Unknown Island (1948), Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), Target Earth (1954), Day the World Ended (1955), Creature with the Atom Brain (1955), and The Black Scorpion (1957). Denning also appeared in the film An Affair to Remember (1957) with Cary Grant and on radio with Lucille Ball in My Favorite Husband: 244  (1948–1951), the forerunner of I Love Lucy. He's more well-known as Governor Paul Jameson in late 1968-1980 police procedural TV series Hawaii Five-O.
The Master of Revenge
The Master of Revenge (Korean: 마스터-국수의 신; RR: Maseuteo-guksuui sin; lit. Master – God of Noodles) is a 2016 South Korean television series starring Chun Jung-myung, Cho Jae-hyun, Jeong Yu-mi, Lee Sang-yeob and Gong Seung-yeon. It aired on KBS2 from April 27, 2016 to June 30, 2016 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes, replacing Descendants of the Sun.

Chun Jung-myung
Chun Jung-myung (Korean: 천정명, born November 29, 1980) is a South Korean actor. Chun made his break into the entertainment industry in the KBS teen drama School 2 (1999). He is best known for his leading roles in TV dramas such as Fashion 70's (2005), Goodbye Solo (2006), What's Up Fox? (2006), Cinderella's Sister (2010), The Duo, Glory Jane (2011), Reset (2014), Heart to Heart (2015), and The Master of Revenge (2016).

He also starred in the films The Aggressives (2005), Les Formidables (2006), Hansel and Gretel (2007), and Queen of the Night (2013).

Chun started his own management company in 2011. Since the early 2010's, Chun has trained Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and is a purple belt under John Frankl. In his Instagram post last June 2022, the actor shared that he has attained the black belt in Jiu Jitsu, after 11 years of hardwork.
Clearfield Community School District
Clearfield Community School District was a school district headquartered in Clearfield, Iowa. It operated one school: Clearfield Community School.

In 2014 the district had a total of 27 students.

Due to a declining financial situation, the district leadership attempted to find another school district willing to do a consolidation, but it could not find a willing merger partner. The voters approved a proposal to dissolve the district. Four other school districts absorbed pieces of the Clearfield district: Bedford, Diagonal, Lenox, and Mt Ayr. The dissolution was effective July 1, 2014.

Diagonal Community School District
40°48′28″N 94°20′40″W﻿ / ﻿40.807892°N 94.344339°W﻿ / 40.807892; -94.344339

Diagonal Community School District is a rural public K-12 school district headquartered in Diagonal, Iowa. The district, with the vast majority of its territory in Ringgold County, includes the town of Diagonal. A small portion is in Taylor County, where it covers a section of Clearfield.

All grade levels and the administration share the same building. As of 2018, it had the lowest enrollment of any Iowa school district: 97; the 12th grade class that year had nine students. Due to the difficult financial situation, the district uses cost-cutting measures such as using dry-erase desktops instead of paper and using the same paint color for all rooms. As of 2018 Diagonal CSD does not have enough funds to provide elective courses at the senior high school level, so its high school students take those courses at Mount Ayr High School in Mount Ayr.
Battle of Valle Giulia
The Battle of Valle Giulia (battaglia di Valle Giulia) is the conventional name for a clash between Italian militants (left-wing as well as right-wing) and the Italian police in Valle Giulia, Rome, on 1 March 1968. It is still frequently remembered as one of the first violent clashes in Italy's student unrest during the protests of 1968 or "Sessantotto".

1968 movement in Italy
The 1968 movement in Italy or Sessantotto was inspired by distaste or discontent with traditional Italian society and by similar international protests. In May 1968 all universities, except Bocconi, were occupied. In the same month a hundred artists, including Giò Pomodoro, Arnaldo Pomodoro, Ernesto Treccani and Gianni Dova occupied the Palazzo della Triennale for 15 days.
Ferrari F12
The Ferrari F12berlinetta (Type F152) is a front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive grand tourer produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Ferrari. The F12berlinetta debuted at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show, and replaced the 599 grand tourer. The naturally aspirated 6.3 litre Ferrari V12 engine used in the F12berlinetta won the 2013 International Engine of the Year Award in the Best Performance category and Best Engine above 4.0 litres. The F12berlinetta was named "The Supercar of the Year 2012" by car magazine Top Gear. The F12berlinetta was replaced by the 812 Superfast in early 2017.

In 2014, the F12berlinetta was awarded the XXIII Premio Compasso d'Oro ADI. Accepting the award was Ferrari's Senior Vice President of Design, Flavio Manzoni.

Ferrari 458
The Ferrari 458 Italia (Type F142) is an Italian mid-engine sports car produced by Ferrari. The 458 is the successor of the F430, and was first officially unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show. It was succeeded by the 488 GTB (Gran Turismo Berlinetta) in 2015.
John M. Opitz
John M. Opitz (August 15, 1935 – August 31, 2023) was a German-American medical geneticist and professor at the University of Utah School of Medicine. He is best known for rediscovering the concept of the developmental field in humans (first enunciated by Hans Spemann in amphibians) and for his detection and delineation of many genetic syndromes, several now known as the "Opitz syndromes" including Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome (SLOS), Opitz–Kaveggia syndrome (FGS1), Opitz G/BBB syndrome, Bohring–Opitz syndrome, and other autosomal and X-linked conditions. He was the founder of the Wisconsin Clinical Genetics Center, the American Journal of Medical Genetics, and was a cofounder of the American College of Medical Genetics and American Board of Medical Genetics.

FG syndrome
FG syndrome (FGS) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by one or more recessive genes located on the X chromosome and causing physical anomalies and developmental delays. FG syndrome was named after the first letters of the surnames of the first patients noted with the disease. First reported by American geneticists John M. Opitz and Elisabeth G. Kaveggia in 1974, its major clinical features include intellectual disability, hyperactivity, hypotonia (low muscle tone), and a characteristic facial appearance including macrocephaly (an abnormally large head).
Agatha of Lorraine
Agatha of Lorraine (c. 1120 – April 1147) was the wife of her relative Reginald III, Count of Burgundy. She was the daughter of Simon I, Duke of Lorraine and his wife Adelaide of Leuven.

Agatha's children with her husband included:

Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy

Two other sons and three other daughters who died in childhood

She fell sick in March 1147 and died two weeks later.

Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy
Beatrice I (1143 – 15 November 1184) was countess of Burgundy from 1148 until her death, and was also Holy Roman Empress by marriage to Frederick Barbarossa.  She was crowned empress by Antipope Paschal III in Rome on 1 August 1167, and as Queen of Burgundy at Vienne in August 1178.
Plato's Stepchildren
"Plato's Stepchildren" is the tenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Meyer Dolinsky and directed by David Alexander, it was first broadcast on November 22, 1968.

In the episode, the crew of the Enterprise encounter an ageless and sadistic race of humanoids with the power of telekinesis.

The episode is notable for depicting a kiss between a white man (Kirk) and a black woman (Uhura), which was among the earliest instances of this on a US television show.

It was one of several episodes not screened by the BBC because of their "unpleasant" content, including torture and sadism.

Nyota Uhura
Nyota Uhura (/niˈoʊtə ʊˈhʊrə/), or simply Uhura, is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise. In the original television series, the character was portrayed by Nichelle Nichols, who reprised the role for the first six Star Trek feature films. A younger Uhura is portrayed by Celia Rose Gooding in the 2022 prequel series Star Trek: Strange New Worlds, while an alternate timeline version of Uhura has been portrayed by actress Zoe Saldaña in the feature films Star Trek (2009), Star Trek Into Darkness (2013), and Star Trek Beyond (2016).

Uhura is a polyglot, translator and communications officer who specializes in linguistics, cryptography, and philology. She was an important part of the original series' multicultural crew and one of the first Black characters to be portrayed in a non-menial role on an American television series.
Cytoplasmic incompatibility
Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is a mating incompatibility reported in many arthropod species that is caused by intracellular parasites such as Wolbachia. These bacteria reside in the cytoplasm of the host cells (hence the name cytoplasmic incompatibility) and modify their hosts' sperm in a way that leads to embryo death unless this modification is 'rescued' by the same bacteria in the eggs. CI has been reported in many insect species (including amongst many others mosquitoes, Drosophila fruit flies, flour beetles, snout moths and parasitoid wasps), as well as in mites and woodlice. Aside from Wolbachia, CI can be induced by the bacteria Cardinium, Rickettsiella, Candidatus Mesenet longicola and Spiroplasma. CI is currently being exploited as a mechanism for Wolbachia-mediated disease control in mosquitoes.

Wolbachia
Wolbachia is a genus of gram-negative bacteria infecting many species of arthropods and filarial nematodes. The relationship between Wolbachia and its hosts ranges from parasitism through benign symbiosis up to obligate mutualism. It is one of the most common parasitic microbes of arthropods, and is possibly the most widespread reproductive parasite bacterium in the biosphere. Its interactions with hosts are complex and highly diverse across the various species in which it is found. Some host species cannot reproduce, or even survive, absent internal Wolbachia colonies. One study concluded that more than 16% of neotropical insect species carry bacteria of this genus, and as many as 25 to 70% of all insect species are estimated to be potential hosts.
Kaz Kamwi
Nkazana "Kaz" Kamwi (born 27 October 1994) is an English fashion blogger and television personality. In 2021, she was a finalist on the seventh series of Love Island and in 2022, she won the third series of Celebrity Karaoke Club. She later returned for Love Island: All-Stars in 2024.

Love Island (2015 TV series) series 7
The seventh series of Love Island began broadcasting on 28 June 2021 and was hosted by Laura Whitmore on ITV2. Iain Stirling returned to narrate the series. The series was originally planned to air in the summer of 2020, but was postponed due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Singer Mabel made a cameo appearance at a Spotify party in the villa performing some of her hits including her new single "Let Them Know".

On 23 August 2021, the series was won by Liam Reardon and Millie Court with 42.02% of the final vote, becoming the first couple of late entrants to win a series. Chloe Burrows and Toby Aromolaran finished as runners-up. This series was watched by an average of 4.17 million viewers which includes catch up figures.
Tetrapulmonata
Tetrapulmonata is a non-ranked supra-ordinal clade of arachnids. It is composed of the extant orders Uropygi (whip scorpions), Schizomida (short-tailed whip scorpions), Amblypygi (tail-less whip scorpions) and Araneae (spiders). It is the only supra-ordinal group of arachnids that is strongly supported in molecular phylogenetic studies. Two extinct orders are also placed in this clade, Haptopoda and Uraraneida. In 2016, a newly described fossil arachnid, Idmonarachne, was also included in the Tetrapulmonata; as of March 2016 it has not been assigned to an order.

Amblypygi
Amblypygi is an order of arachnids also known as whip-spiders or tailless whip-scorpions, not to be confused with whip-scorpions or vinegaroons that belong to the related order Thelyphonida. The name "amblypygid" means "blunt tail", a reference to a lack of the flagellum that is otherwise seen in whip-scorpions. Amblypygids possess no silk glands or venom. They rarely bite if threatened but can grab fingers with their pedipalps, resulting in thorn-like puncture-injuries.

As of 2023, five families, 17 genera, and around 260 species had been discovered and described. They are found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, mainly in warm and humid environments. They like to stay protected and hidden within leaf litter, caves, or underneath bark. Some species are subterranean; all are nocturnal. Fossilized amblypygids have been found dating back to the Carboniferous period, such as Weygoldtina.
Strix (bird)
Strix is a genus of owls in the typical owl family (Strigidae), one of the two generally accepted living families of owls, with the other being Tytonidae. Common names are earless owls or wood owls, though they are not the only owls without ear tufts, and "wood owl" is also used as a more generic name for forest-dwelling owls.

These are medium-sized to large, robustly built, powerful owls. They do not have ear tufts and most are highly nocturnal woodland birds. Most prey on small mammals, birds, and reptiles.

Most owls in the genus Strix can be distinguished from other genera of owls through their hooting vocalization and lack of visible ears.

The Latin genus name Strix referred to a mythical vampiric owl-monster believed to suck the blood of infants. Although the genus Strix was established for the earless owls by Linnaeus in 1758, many applied the term to other owls (namely the Tyto) until the late 19th century. This genus is closely related to the extinct Ornimegalonyx.

Black-banded owl
The black-banded owl (Strix huhula) is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. Entirely nocturnal, this midsized black and white neotropical bird is a resident species, and therefore never migrates out of its native South America. Its natural habitats are varied subtropical or tropical forests ranging from lowlands to areas of medium altitude, and it has been found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Beloved Liar
Beloved Liar (German: Geliebter Lügner) is a 1950 West German romantic comedy film directed by Hans Schweikart and starring Elfie Mayerhofer, Hans Söhnker and Gustav Knuth.

It was made at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location at Lake Starnberg. The film's sets were designed by Robert Herlth.

Elfie Mayerhofer
Elfie Mayerhofer (15 March 1917 – 28 December 1992) was an Austrian film actress and singer. A noted stage performer, she played lead roles in a series of musical and operetta films such as The Song of the Nightingale (1944) and The Heavenly Waltz (1949). She was known as the "Viennese Nightingale".
Pulitzer Prize for Public Service
The Pulitzer Prize for Public Service is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism. It recognizes a distinguished example of meritorious public service by a newspaper or news site through the use of its journalistic resources, which may include editorials, cartoons, photographs, graphics, video and other online material, and may be presented in print or online or both.

The Public Service prize was one of the original Pulitzers, established in 1917, but no award was given that year. It is the only prize in the program that awards a gold medal and is the most prestigious one for a newspaper to win.

As with other Pulitzer Prizes, a committee of jurors narrows the field to three nominees, from which the Pulitzer Board generally picks a winner and finalists. Finalists have been made public since 1980. The Pulitzer Board issues an official citation explaining the reason for the award.

Ledger-Enquirer
The Ledger-Enquirer is a newspaper headquartered in downtown Columbus, Georgia, in the United States. It was founded in 1828 as the Columbus Enquirer by Mirabeau B. Lamar who later played a pivotal role in the founding of the Republic of Texas and served as its third President. The newspaper is a two-time recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service.
West Virginia Route 58
West Virginia Route 58 is an east–west state highway in Harrison County, West Virginia. The western terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 20 outside Stonewood. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 50 in Bridgeport.

Harrison County, West Virginia
Harrison County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,921, making it West Virginia's 7th most populous county. Its county seat is Clarksburg. Harrison County is part of the Clarksburg, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2015 SaskTel Tankard
The 2015 SaskTel Tankard, the provincial men's curling championship for Saskatchewan, was held from February 4 to 8 at the Horizon Credit Union Centre in Melville. The winning Steve Laycock team represented Saskatchewan at the 2015 Tim Hortons Brier in Calgary.

2015 Tim Hortons Brier
The 2015 Tim Hortons Brier was held from February 28 to March 8 at Scotiabank Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

In the final, the team of Pat Simmons, John Morris, Carter Rycroft and Nolan Thiessen, representing "Team Canada" as defending Brier champions defeated the reigning Olympic gold medallist Brad Jacobs rink, representing Northern Ontario. Simmons had to make a draw to the button in an extra end to win the championship. With the victory, the Simmons rink went on to represent Canada at the 2015 Ford World Men's Curling Championship in Halifax, where they won the bronze medal.