hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Astraeus koreanus
Astraeus koreanus is a species of false earthstar in the family Diplocystaceae. Described as a new species in 1976, it is found in Korea. The species was originally named as a variety koreanus of Astraeus hygrometricus in 1958.

Astraeus (fungus)
Astraeus is a genus of fungi in the family Diplocystaceae. The genus, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, contains nine species of earthstar mushroom. They are distinguished by the outer layer of flesh (exoperidium) that at maturity splits open in a star-shape manner to reveal a round spore sac. Additionally, they have a strongly hygroscopic character—the rays will open when moist, but when hot and dry will close to protect the spore sac. Species of Astraeus grow on the ground in ectomycorrhizal associations with trees and shrubs. Despite their similar appearance to the Geastrum earthstars, the species of Astraeus are not closely related.
Jothan Msibi
Jotham Zanemvula “King Mswazi” Msibi, born 3 June 1961, sometimes written as "Jotham Msibi" (died on 7 January 2024) was a South African taxi-industry leader and businessman who played a high-profile role in taxi associations and industry bodies. He is implicated at the Madlanga Commission as the “president” of a criminal network dubbed “The Firm”, under whose umbrella the “Big Five cartel” operates.

Big Five cartel
The “Big Five cartel" or just the "Big Five" is an alleged criminal syndicate based in Gauteng, South Africa, linked by police to large-scale corruption and violent crime. Crime Intelligence boss Lt‑Gen. Dumisani Khumalo testified that the cartel “operates primarily out of Gauteng” and engages in drug trafficking, hijackings, tender fraud, extortion and contract killings. Its members have cultivated ties with senior politicians, law enforcement officials and business figures to protect their operations. The cartel's existence emerged publicly during the 2025 Madlanga Commission of Inquiry into alleged criminal capture of the justice system.
Taisia Afonina
Taisia Kirillovna Afonina (Russian: Таи́сия Кири́лловна Афо́нина; 13 May 1913  – 19 April 1994) was a Soviet painter and watercolorist. She lived and worked in Leningrad, was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 - the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), and is regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

Still Life with Pussy-Willows
Still Life with Pussy-Willows is a painting by Taisia Afonina (Russian: Таисия Кирилловна Афонина), a Russian artist who lived and worked in Leningrad. She was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation and representative of the Leningrad School of Painting. The painting shows a typical table laid for tea drinking on a spring day in a Leningrad apartment in the mid-1960s.
1984 Eccles rail crash
The 1984 Eccles rail crash occurred on 4 December 1984 at Eccles, Greater Manchester, when an express passenger train collided at speed with the rear of a freight train of oil tankers. The driver of the express and two passengers were killed, and 68 people were injured. The cause of the accident was determined to be that the driver of the express train had passed a signal at danger.

Eccles, Greater Manchester
Eccles (/ˈɛkəlz/) is a market town in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England,
3 miles (4.8 km) west of Salford city centre and 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Manchester, split by the M602 motorway and bordered by the Manchester Ship Canal to the south. The town is famous for the Eccles cake.

Eccles grew around the 13th-century Parish Church of St Mary. Evidence of pre-historic human settlement has been discovered locally, but the area was predominantly agricultural until the Industrial Revolution, when a textile industry was established in the town. The arrival of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway led to the town's expansion along the route of the track linking those two cities.
Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).

Islands Region
The New Guinea Islands Region is one of four regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG), comprising the Bismarck Archipelago and north-western Solomon Islands Archipelago, located north-east of New Guinea island (the mainland).

This is the least populous inhabited region of the country with an estimated population of 1,761,841 (approximately 15% of PNG) in 2021.

It is distinct through its prehistory and history, as shown by the prevalence of Austronesian languages, and archeological findings of Lapita pottery culture.
Hopen, Møre og Romsdal
Hopen is the administrative center of Smøla Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village lies east of the villages of Dyrnes and Råket on the northern coast of the island of Smøla. The main road through Hopen is Norwegian County Road 669 which also heads north connecting many small islands and ending at the island village of Veiholmen. In 2015, there were 930 residents of Hopen.

Hopen Church is located in the village.

Smøla (island)
Smøla is the 19th largest island in Norway.  The island is located in Smøla Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county; the vast majority of the municipality is the island.  The island has a good road network across the island that connects it to many of the small surrounding islands, however, it does not have any outside road connections to the rest of Norway.  The only regular ferry service is via the small island of Edøya to the south of Smøla, which one can drive to and from Smøla.

The population of the island is mostly employed in the fishing industry or in industries that support the fishing industry.  There is also a window factory on the island, as well as some dairy and vegetable farming (especially carrots).
Kau Yan Church
Tsung Tsin Mission of Hong Kong Kau Yan Church is a church in Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong. The building is located at Western Street, between Third and High Streets. The church was established by the Basel Mission and is now succeeded by the Tsung Tsin Mission of Hong Kong.

The existing Gothic Revival church building was completed in 1932, but the church's history dates back to 1861, when Rev Theodore Hamberg established a Hakka congregation at the site.

Western Street, Hong Kong
Western Street is an uphill one-way street (from north to south) in Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong. It connects Bonham Road in the south and Connaught Road West in the north. There are 337 units in 17 buildings in the street. Addresses are odd on the west side of the street, and mostly even on the east side. However, on the newer part of the street, on the reclamation north of Queen's Road West, the east side has both odd and even numbered addresses.
Hyponitrous acid
Hyponitrous acid is a chemical compound with formula H2N2O2 or HON=NOH.  It is an isomer of nitramide, H2N−NO2, and a formal dimer of azanone, HNO.

Hyponitrous acid forms two series of salts, the hyponitrites containing the [ON=NO]2− anion and the "acid hyponitrites" containing the [HON=NO]− anion.

Nitroxyl
Nitroxyl (common name) or azanone (IUPAC name) is the chemical compound HNO. It is well known in the gas phase. Nitroxyl can be formed as a short-lived intermediate in solution. Its conjugate base, NO−, the nitroxide anion, is the reduced form of nitric oxide (NO) and is isoelectronic with dioxygen. The bond dissociation energy of H−NO is 49.5 kcal/mol (207 kJ/mol), which is unusually weak for a bond to the hydrogen atom.
Isle of Doagh
The Isle of Doagh (Irish: Oileán na Dumhcha, meaning "Isle of the Dune"; also known in English as Doagh Isle or Doagh Island) is a small peninsula in the north of Inishowen on the north coast of County Donegal in Ulster, Ireland. It once was an island.  Over time, the channel between Doagh and the mainland silted up and it became joined to the mainland. Nevertheless, the area continued to be referred as the Isle of Doagh or Doagh Island.  The area comprises five townlands; Ballymacmoriarty, Carrickabraghy, Carrowreagh, Fegart and Lagacurry. Doagh Island is very near the village of Ballyliffin.

The ruins of Carrickabraghy Castle stands at the north-western extremity of the peninsula.

Inishowen
Inishowen (Irish: Inis Eoghain, meaning 'island of Eoghan') is a peninsula in the north of County Donegal in Ireland. Inishowen is the most northerly peninsula on the island of Ireland.

The Inishowen peninsula includes Ireland's most northerly point, Malin Head. The Grianan of Aileach, a ringfort that served as the royal seat of the over-kingdom of Ailech, stands at the entrance to the peninsula.
Frederick Vincent Theobald
Frederick Vincent Theobald FES (15 May 1868 – 6 March 1930) was an English entomologist and "distinguished authority on mosquitoes". During his career, he was responsible for the economic zoology section of the Natural History Museum, London, vice-principal of the South-Eastern Agricultural College at Wye, Kent, Professor of Agricultural Zoology at London University, and advisory entomologist to the Board of Agriculture for the South-Eastern district of England. He wrote a five volume monograph and sixty scientific papers on mosquitoes. He was recognised for his work in entomology, tropical medicine, and sanitation; awards for his work include the Imperial Ottoman Order of Osmanieh, the Mary Kingsley Medal, and the Victoria Medal of Honour, as well as honorary fellowships of learned societies.

Economic entomology
Economic entomology is a field of entomology, which involves the study of insects that benefit or harm humans, domestic animals, and crops. Insects that pose disadvantages are considered pests. Some species can cause indirect damage by spreading diseases, and these are termed as disease vectors. Those that are beneficial include those that are reared for food such as honey, substances such as lac or pigments, and for their role in pollinating crops and controlling pests.
John Barry (naval officer)
John Barry (March 25, 1745 – September 13, 1803) was an Irish-born American naval officer who served in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War and in the United States Navy during the Quasi-War. He has been credited by some as "The Father of the American Navy", sharing that moniker with John Paul Jones and John Adams, and was appointed as a captain in the Continental Navy on December 7, 1775. Barry was the first captain placed in command of an American warship commissioned for service under the Continental flag. After the Revolutionary War, he became the first commissioned American naval officer, at the rank of commodore, receiving his commission from President George Washington in 1797.

St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church (Philadelphia)
St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church, also known as Old St. Mary's, is a historic church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is located in the Society Hill neighborhood at 248 S. Fourth Street between Spruce and Walnut Streets.

Commonly referred to as "Old Saint Mary's", it opened in 1763 and was the second Catholic church in Philadelphia, after Old Saint Joseph's. It is still an active parish of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia, with Masses held on Saturdays at 4:30 p.m. and Sunday at 10 a.m. The current pastor is Paul A. DiGirolamo, J.C.D.  The church is twinned with Holy Trinity Church at 6th and Spruce Streets, which serves as a worship site of St. Mary and which has Masses on holy days at 12 noon.
Nichirinji Kofun
The Nichirinji Kofun (日輪寺古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Kyōmachi neighborhood of the city of Kurume, Fukuoka Prefecture Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1922.

Kurume
Kurume (久留米市, Kurume-shi) is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 295,367 in 137,140 households, and a  population density of 1309 people per km². The total area of the city is 229.96 km2 (88.79 sq mi).
Nabeul Governorate
Nabeul Governorate (Tunisian Arabic: ولاية نابل Wilāyat Nābil Tunisian pronunciation: [ˈnɛːbɪl]; French: Gouvernorat de Nabeul) is one of the 24 governorates of Tunisia. It is situated in north-eastern Tunisia. It covers an area of 2,788 km2 and has a population of 863,172 (2024 census). The capital is Nabeul.

Nabeul Governorate forms a peninsula which is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on three sides. On the south-west side it is delimited by the three governorates of Zaghouan, Sousse and Ben Arous.

Sousse Governorate
Sousse Governorate (Arabic: ولاية سوسة Wilāyat Sūsah pronounced [ˈsuː.sə]; French: Gouvernorat de Sousse) is one of the 24 governorates of Tunisia. It is beside the eastern coast of Tunisia in the north-east of the country and covers an area of 2,621 km2 and has a population of 762,281 (2024 census). The capital is Sousse. The governorate of Sousse is Tunisia's second largest tourist destination, boasting 115 hotels with a capacity of 40,000 beds spread across the Sousse-Jawhara, Sousse-Medina, Sousse-Nord, and Sousse-Sud regions. Two new tourist areas are currently being developed in Hergla and Bouficha. They will have a capacity of over 20,000 beds.
Jeffrey Christiaens
Jeffrey Mallen Christiaens (born 17 May 1991) is  a Filipino Belgian former footballer who mainly played as a winger. He last played for Filipino side Ceres–Negros.  He also represented the Philippines at international level.

Filipinos in Belgium
Filipinos in Belgium comprise migrants from the Philippines to Belgium and their descendants living there. While the Belgian National Institute of Statistics has 3,067 Filipinos officially registered, the Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO) estimated that there are 12,224 Filipinos in Belgium in December 2013.
Samuel Chifney Jr.
Samuel Chifney Jr. (born c. 1786) was an English jockey.  He was the younger son of a prominent 18th century jockey, also called Samuel Chifney.  In terms of talent, he reportedly outshone all his peers, but "he owned a self-destruct button and had a fatal tendency to press it".  This failing meant "his talent was not converted into the kind of concrete achievement that stands the test of time".

He stood at 5 feet 6 inches tall and struggled with weight.  He was too lazy to waste, which it is reported he thought "akin to Chinese water torture".  He was once referred to as "the long, thin, lazy lad".

He had a strong friendship with fellow jockey Jem Robinson, and Robinson modelled his riding style on Chifney.

Samuel Chifney
Samuel Chifney (c. 1753 – 8 January 1807), also known as Sam Chifney Sr., Sam Chifney the Elder or Old Sam Chifney to distinguish him from his son, was an English jockey. He was a pioneer of professional race-riding, developing a trademark late finishing style, known as the 'Chifney rush' and was the retained jockey of the Prince of Wales. He became the leading horseman of his day, winning four runnings of the Oaks and one of the Derby, but his career ended in ignominy after a scandal around a ride on the Prince of Wales's horse, Escape. Despite inventing a bit for horses that is still in use today, he died in debtors' prison in London.
Water Ski World Championships
The Water Ski World Championships is a bi-annual water ski competition that has taken place since 1949 by International Waterski & Wakeboard Federation. Held near the end of the competition season, the World Championships are one of the sport's oldest major championships along with the Masters Water Ski Tournament (since 1959) and the U.S. National Water Ski Championships (since 1939).

U.S. National Water Ski Championships
The U.S. National Water Ski Championships is an annual water ski competition that has taken place since 1939. Hosted by the American Water Ski Association (AWSA) and taking place every year since its inception, with the exception of 1942–1945, the competition is the oldest and longest-running water ski competition in the world. The U.S. Nationals is one of the sport's three major championships along with the Water Ski World Championships (since 1949), and the Masters Water Ski Tournament (since 1959).
Blaser R93
The Blaser R93 is a straight-pull action precision rifle offered in a multitude of calibers and barrel lengths manufactured by the German firearms manufacturer Blaser. Designed by Blasers' designer Mr. Meinhard Zeh in 1993, it had a number of features rare on modern hunting rifles, including a manual cocking system and a proprietary Blaser saddle scope mount for mounting the optic directly to the quick-change barrel.

In 2002, more than 100,000 complete Blaser R93 rifles had been produced. By 2017, more than 200,000 R93 rifles had been produced, but it is not clear whether the R93 Tactical variant is included in these numbers.

Blaser
Blaser Jagdwaffen GmbH (pronounced: Blah-zer) is a German firearms manufacturer of high-end shotguns and rifles both for the hunting and tactical market.  It was founded in 1957 by Horst Blaser, developing the drilling Blaser Diplomat.  In September 2008, Blaser established an office in San Antonio, Texas.
Taman Sari, Jakarta
Taman Sari is a district (kecamatan) of West Jakarta Administrative City, Indonesia. It is the smallest district of West Jakarta (4.37 km2). It is bounded by Central Jakarta to the south and to the east, and by Pademangan in North Jakarta to the north.

Taman Sari District contains the southeastern area of Jakarta Old Town, the area on the east side of Kali Besar Canal. The Old Town formed Batavia (the old name for Jakarta) during the 17th century. This historic area is in the Pinangsia Administrative Village, the northern part of the district.

Kota Tua Jakarta
Kota Tua Jakarta (Indonesian for "Jakarta Old Town"), officially known as Kota Tua, is a neighborhood comprising the original downtown area of Jakarta, Indonesia. It is also known as Oud Batavia (Dutch for "Old Batavia"), Benedenstad ("Lower City", contrasting it with Weltevreden, de Bovenstad ("Upper City")), or Kota Lama (Indonesian for "Old Town").

The site contains Dutch-style structures mostly dated from 17th century, when the port city served as the Asian headquarters of VOC during the heyday of spice trade. It spans 1.3 square kilometres within North Jakarta and West Jakarta (Kelurahan Pinangsia, Taman Sari and Kelurahan Roa Malaka, Tambora). The largely Chinese downtown area of Glodok is a part of Kota Tua.
2017 Viterra Championship
The 2017 Viterra Championship, Manitoba's provincial men's curling championship, was held from February 8 to 12 at the Stride Place in Portage la Priarie. The winning team represented Manitoba at the 2017 Tim Hortons Brier in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.

2017 Tim Hortons Brier
The 2017 Tim Hortons Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship, was held from March 4–12, 2017 at the Mile One Centre in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.

This marked the second time the Brier was hosted by St. John's, the first being the 1972 Macdonald Brier.

Newfoundland and Labrador won the Brier 7–6 in the final against Team Canada, giving skip Brad Gushue his first Brier title. With the win, the Gushue rink earned the right to represent Canada at the 2017 Ford World Men's Curling Championship held from April 1–9, 2017 at Northlands Coliseum in Edmonton, Alberta. They also represented Team Canada at the 2018 Tim Hortons Brier in Regina, Saskatchewan and earned $225,000 for the victory. The bronze medal was won by Manitoba.

The total attendance for the event was 122,592, up from the 115,047 that attended the previous year's Brier held in Ottawa, Ontario. The attendance for the final was 6,471.
Noonan–Estevan Highway Border Crossing
The Noonan–Estevan Highway Border Crossing connects the cities of Noonan, North Dakota and Estevan, Saskatchewan on the Canada–US border. North Dakota Highway 40 on the American side joins Saskatchewan Highway 47 on the Canadian side.

North Dakota Highway 40
North Dakota Highway 40 (ND 40) is a north–south highway located in northwestern North Dakota. The 63.450-mile-long (102.113 km) route traverses an area from US Highway 2 (US 2) near Tioga, in eastern Williams County, to the Canadian border where it continues as Saskatchewan Highway 47 (Hwy 47) in northern Divide County.
Cheung Kong Park
Cheung Kong Park (Chinese: 長江公園) is a small garden located in the Central district of Hong Kong Island and named for Li Ka Shing's corporate empire. The park is privately maintained by Cheung Kong Holdings, but is open to the public. The park consists of ponds and cascades with benches for visitors.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference
The Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference (SCAC), founded in 1962, is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III.  Member institutions are located in Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, and Texas. Difficulties related to travel distances led seven former members to announce the formation of a new Southeastern US-based conference, the Southern Athletic Association, starting with the 2012–13 academic year.

Prior to 1991, the conference was known as the College Athletic Conference (CAC). The commissioner of the SCAC is Dwayne Hanberry. The chair of the Executive Committee of the SCAC for 2022–23 is L. Song Richardson, Colorado College president.

Hendrix College
Hendrix College is a private liberal arts college in Conway, Arkansas. Approximately 1,000 students are enrolled, mostly undergraduates. While affiliated with the United Methodist Church, the college offers a secular curriculum and has a student body composed of people from many different religious backgrounds. Hendrix is a member of the Associated Colleges of the South.
Oskar Naegeli
Oskar Naegeli (25 January 1885 in Ermatingen – 16 November 1959 in Fribourg), was a Swiss chess player and dermatologist. He represented Switzerland at the Chess Olympiads in 1927, 1928, 1931 and 1935, as well as at the unofficial Olympiad in 1936 at Munich.

Naegeli won twice Swiss Chess Championship (1910 and 1936). He lost a match to Ossip Bernstein (1 : 3) in 1932, and to Salo Flohr (2 : 4) in 1933.
He participated in the strong international tournaments at Berne 1932 and Zurich 1934, both won by Alexander Alekhine.
He was the brother of Otto Naegeli and is a great-uncle of Harald Naegeli.

In the field of dermatology, the Naegeli syndrome is named after him.

Salo Flohr
Salomon Mikhailovich Flohr (November 21, 1908 – July 18, 1983) was a Czechoslovak and Soviet chess player and writer. He was among the first recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950. Flohr dominated many tournaments of the pre-World War II years, and by the late 1930s was considered a contender for the World Championship. However, his patient, positional style was overtaken by the sharper, more tactical methods of the younger Soviet echelon after World War II.