hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caroline von Wolzogen
Caroline von Wolzogen (née von Lengefeld; 3 February 1763 – 11 January 1847) was a German writer in the Weimar Classicism circle. Her best-known works are a novel, Agnes von Lilien, and a biography of Friedrich Schiller, her brother-in-law.

Weimar Classicism
Weimar Classicism (German: Weimarer Klassik) was a German literary and cultural movement, whose practitioners established a new humanism from the synthesis of ideas from Romanticism, Classicism, and the Age of Enlightenment. It was named after the city of Weimar in the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar because its leading authors lived there.

The Weimarer Klassik movement began in 1771 when Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel invited the Seyler Theatre Company led by Abel Seyler, pioneers of the Sturm und Drang movement, to her court in Weimar. The Seyler company was soon thereafter followed by Christoph Martin Wieland, then Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Gottfried Herder and finally Friedrich Schiller. The movement was eventually centred upon Goethe and Schiller, previously also exponents of the Sturm und Drang movement, during the period of 1786–1805.
Battle of Jalalabad (1842)
34°25′49″N 70°27′10″E﻿ / ﻿34.4303°N 70.4528°E﻿ / 34.4303; 70.4528

The Battle of Jalalabad in 1842 was an Afghan siege of the isolated British outpost at Jalalabad, about 90 miles (140 km) east of Kabul during the First Anglo-Afghan War. The siege was lifted after five months when a British counterattack routed the Afghans, driving them back to Kabul.

Somerset Light Infantry
The Somerset Light Infantry (Prince Albert's) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army, which served under various titles from 1685 to 1959. In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry to form the Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry which was again amalgamated, in 1968, with the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, the King's Shropshire Light Infantry, and the Durham Light Infantry to form The Light Infantry. In 2007, however, The Light Infantry was amalgamated further with the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment, the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment, and the Royal Green Jackets to form The Rifles.
Mire Loch
Mire Loch is a man made freshwater loch situated on St Abb's Head in the Scottish Borders, just over a kilometre NW of the village of St. Abbs at grid reference NT912687. The loch lies on land owned by the National Trust for Scotland (NTS) and is approximately 600 metres long by 50 metres at its widest point.

St Abb's Head
St Abb's Head is a rocky promontory by the village of St Abbs in Berwickshire, Scotland, and a national nature reserve administered by the National Trust for Scotland. St Abb's Head Lighthouse was designed and built by the brothers David Stevenson and Thomas Stevenson and began service on 24 February 1862.
Waresboro, Georgia
Waresboro is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Ware County, Georgia, United States, located west of Waycross. The community is part of the Waycross micropolitan statistical area.

The 2020 census listed a population of 375.

Ware County, Georgia
Ware County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,251. The county seat and only incorporated place is Waycross. Ware County is part of the Waycross, Georgia micropolitan statistical area.
Second Tschentscher senate
The second Tschentscher senate was the state government of Hamburg from 10 June 2020 to 7 May 2025. Sworn in on 10 June 2020 after Peter Tschentscher was elected as first mayor by the members of the Hamburg Parliament. On 7 May 2025 Peter Tschentscher was reelected first mayor of Hamburg, forming the Third Tschentscher senate. It was the 30th Senate of Hamburg.

It was formed after the 2020 Hamburg state election by the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE). Excluding the first mayor, the senate comprised 11 ministers, called Senators. Six were members of the SPD, four were members of the Greens, and one was an independent politician.

Peter Tschentscher
Peter Tschentscher (German pronunciation: [ˈpeːtɐ ˈtʃɛntʃɐ]; born 20 January 1966) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 28 March 2018 he has been the First Mayor of Hamburg. As First Mayor, he is head of the current government of the city-state. Since 2008 he has been a member of the Hamburg Parliament. From 2011 until 2018 he served as State Minister of Finance in the first and second governments of Olaf Scholz.
The Last Man
The Last Man is an apocalyptic, dystopian science fiction novel by Mary Shelley, first published in 1826. The narrative concerns Europe in the late 21st century, ravaged by the rise of a bubonic plague pandemic that rapidly sweeps across the entire globe, ultimately resulting in the near-extinction of humanity. It also includes discussion of the British state as a republic, for which Shelley sat in meetings of the House of Commons to gain insight to the governmental system of the Romantic era. The novel includes many fictive allusions to her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley, who drowned in a shipwreck four years before the book's publication, as well as their close friend Lord Byron, who had died two years previously.

The Last Man is one of the first pieces of dystopian fiction published. It was critically savaged and remained largely obscure at the time of its publication. It was not until the 1960s that the novel resurfaced for the public.

Le Dernier Homme
Le Dernier Homme (English: The Last Man) is a French science fantasy novel in the form of a prose poem. Written by Jean-Baptiste Cousin de Grainville and published in 1805, it was the first story of modern speculative fiction to depict the end of the world. Considered a seminal early work of science fantasy, specifically of the Dying Earth genre, it has been described by Gary K. Wolfe as "A crucial document in the early history... of what became science fiction".

In 1806, Le Dernier Homme was poorly translated into English as Omegarus and Syderia, a Romance in Futurity. The edition did not credit Grainville as author or indicate the text was a translation. This translation remained the only English version available until 2003, when a new translation by I.F. and Margaret Clarke was published.
Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association Medal of Merit
The Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association Medal of Merit (Swedish: Flygvapenföreningarnas riksförbunds förtjänstmedalj or Flygvapenfrivilligas förtjänstmedalj) is a Swedish reward medal established in 1962 by the Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association. The medal is awarded for exceptionally meritorious work within the association's area of activity.

Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association Merit Badge
The Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association Merit Badge (Swedish: Flygvapenföreningarnas riksförbunds förtjänsttecken or Flygvapenfrivilligas förtjänsttecken, FVRFGFt) is a Swedish merit badge established in 1986 by the Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association (FVRF). Its awarded in recognition of efforts that have benefited the FVRF or its interests.
Bibugn
Bibugn (Amharic: ቢቡኝ) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Misraq Gojjam Zone, Bibugn is bordered on the south by Sinan, on the west by Dega Damot woreda in the Mirab Gojjam Zone, on the northwest by Goncha, and on the east by Hulet Ej Enese. Towns in Bibugn include Digua Tsion, Weyin Wuha and Wabirr. Digo tsion (ድጎፅዮን) is the center of Bibugn wereda. There are over 15 kebelles in Bibugn wereda; among those, Debiresina is one of a kebelle that found in the north part.

Goncha
Goncha is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Misraq Gojjam Zone, Goncha is bordered on the south, west and north by the Mirab Gojjam Zone, on the east by Hulet Ej Enese, and on the southeast by Bibugn. Goncha was part of Kuarit woreda. It belonged to the Mirab Gojjam Zone but according to the map of UN-OCHA  it is part of Misraq Gojjam Zone now.
Åfjord Municipality
Åfjord is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Fosen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Årnes. Other villages in the municipality include Revsnes, Roan, Bessaker, Harsvika, and By. Åfjord is located on the northwestern side of the Fosen peninsula, northwest of the city of Trondheim.

The 1,329-square-kilometre (513 sq mi) municipality is the 74th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Åfjord Municipality is the 197th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,339. The municipality's population density is 3.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.5/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.

By, Norway
By is a village in Åfjord Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the river Stordalselva, just east of the lake Stordalsvatnet, which is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the municipal centre of Å i Åfjord.
Japan Air Lines Flight 2
Japan Air Lines Flight 2 was a scheduled passenger flight on November 22, 1968. The plane was a six-month-old Douglas DC-8-62 named Shiga (志賀), flying from Tokyo International Airport (Haneda) to San Francisco International Airport (SFO). Due to heavy fog and other factors, Captain Kohei Asoh mistakenly ditched the plane near Coyote Point in the shallow waters of San Francisco Bay, two and a half miles short of the runway. All 107 people on board survived the accident without any injuries. Despite the abrupt ditching, and being immersed in salt-water, the aircraft was recovered, repaired, and returned to service.

San Francisco International Airport
San Francisco International Airport (IATA: SFO, ICAO: KSFO, FAA LID: SFO) is the primary international airport serving the San Francisco Bay Area in the U.S. state of California. Owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco, the airport has a San Francisco mailing address and ZIP Code, although it is situated in an unincorporated area of neighboring San Mateo County, approximately 12 miles (19 km; 10 nmi) southeast of  San Francisco.

SFO is the largest airport in the Bay Area and the second-busiest in California, following Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). In 2025, it ranked as the 13th-busiest airport in the United States and the 31th-busiest in the world by passenger traffic. It is a hub for United Airlines, acting as the airline's primary transpacific gateway and as a major maintenance facility. Additionally, SFO functions as a hub for Alaska Airlines.
Gilbert & Dean
Gilbert & Dean (1802–1823) was a banking and publishing firm in Boston, Massachusetts, run by Samuel Gilbert and Thomas Dean in the early 19th-century. As publishers, they produced works by Joseph Croswell, David Humphreys, Susanna Rowson, John Sylvester John Gardiner, Benjamin Dearborn and others, as well as the Boston Weekly Magazine. They kept an office on State Street.

Boston Weekly Magazine
The Boston Weekly Magazine (1802–1808) of Boston, Massachusetts, was established by Gilbert & Dean in 1802, "devoted to morality, literature, biography, history, the fine arts, agriculture, &c. &c.". Joshua Belcher, Samuel T. Armstrong, Oliver C. Greenleaf, and Susanna Rowson were also affiliated with its production. The magazine ceased in 1808.  The magazine was later published under the same name by David H. Ela and John B. Hall in 1840–41.
Walgaon
Walgaon is a town in Amravati district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Samadhi of Gadge Maharaj is located near this town.

Its Coordinates are: Coordinates: 20°59'56"N   77°42'23"E . and is located on Maharashtra Major State Highway 6 and is located between Amravati and Paratwada city.

Before the delimitation of the constituency in 2008, Walgaon was constituency number 123 of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly between 1977-2004.

Amravati district
Amravati district (Marathi pronunciation: [əmɾaːʋət̪iː]) is a district of Maharashtra state in central India. It is the administrative headquarter of Amravati division, which is one of the two divisions in Vidarbha (other being Nagpur), out of total 6 regions in state of Maharashtra.

The district is situated between 20°32' and 21°46' north latitudes and 76°37' and 78°27' east longitudes. The district occupies an area of 12,235 km2. The district has boundaries with Betul District of Madhya Pradesh state to the north, and with the Maharashtra districts of Nagpur to the northeast, Chhindwara district of Madhya Pradesh to the northeast Wardha to the east, Yavatmal to the south, Washim to the southwest, and Akola and Buldhana districts to the west.
Achomi people
Achomi people (Persian: اَچُمِنیان, Gulf Arabic: اتْشُم/اتْشَم, Inscription Parsig: 𐭠𐭰𐭬𐭭𐭩𐭠), known by their self-designated pseudonym as Khodmooni (Persian: خُودمونی), commonly known as Laris (Farsi: لاری‌ها), Larestanis (Persian: ‌لآرِستَانِی‌ها),are a Persian and Iranic group said to be descended mainly of Utians,: 5  and/or of a tribe of Persians known as "Ira" (Persian: ارا) according to Sasanian sources, who primarily inhabited southern Iran in a region historically known as Irahistan (presently Larestan region),: 228  some of them migrated to Shiraz, and the Arab countries in the Persian Gulf region. They speak the Achomi language which has reported eight dialects and it is unintelligible with New Persian/Farsi, (Dari, Tajiki, and Iranian). They are predominantly Sunni Muslims, with a Shia minority.

Ahmad Eghtedari
Ahmad Eghtedari (Persian: احمد اقتداری‎; 24 May 1925, Gerash, Iran – 16 April 2019, Tehran) was an Iranian teacher, lawyer, writer, historian and geographer who was regarded as a prominent scholar in Persian Gulf studies. Historically, he was a descendant of Gerashi thanes (Khan in Persian). In his youth, he traveled on foot along the coasts of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea and began mapping and documenting their topography.

Jalal Ale Ahmad, the famous writer, described the friendship between Ahmad Eghtedari, Iraj Afshar and Manuchehr Sotudeh as "three musketeers" and "gravestone-graphers", alluding to the fact that these three managed to introduce a lot of Iran's historical documents and ancient monuments.

The Pearl of The Persian Gulf is a book that documents his Iranian Studies researches, and the documentary film, To Iran, My Eternal, is made based on his life and works.

Ahmad Eghtedari died on 16 April 2019 in Tehran.
Raymond Saquet
Raymond Saquet (d. 1358 ) was a French prelate of the 14th century, Papal LegatePapal Legate and Bishop.

Raymond  was an advisor to the Parlement of Paris and bishop of Thérouanne from 1334. 
Papal Legate, being sent to negotiate with the Byzantine Government to coordinate the ongoing Crusade against the Ottomans. During this time he was at the siege of Smyrna.

In 1355 he was elected Archbishop of Lyon and confirmed the privileges of citizens, by his predecessor, by order of 24 April 1357.

Archdiocese of Lyon
The Archdiocese of Lyon (Latin: Archidiœcesis Lugdunensis; French: Archidiocèse de Lyon), formerly the Archdiocese of Lyon–Vienne–Embrun, is a Latin Church metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is the oldest diocese in France and one of the oldest in Western Christianity. The archbishops of Lyon hold the honorary title of primates of Gaul. They are traditionally elevated by the pope to the rank of cardinal.

Olivier de Germay was appointed archbishop of Lyon on 22 October 2020. He is assisted by three auxiliary bishops: Patrick Le Gal (since 2009), Loïc Lagadec, and Thierry Brac de La Perrière (both since 2023).
Big Boy (film)
Big Boy is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical comedy film produced by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film was directed by Alan Crosland and stars Al Jolson, Claudia Dell, Louise Closser Hale, and Noah Beery. The film is based on the 1925 Broadway hit show of the same name in which Jolson also starred.

Big Boy (musical)
Big Boy is a 1925 musical written by Harold R. Atteridge, music by James F. Hanley and Joseph Meyer, and lyrics by Buddy DeSylva. The show featured Al Jolson as Gus, a downtrodden African-American stable boy who ends up as a jockey winning the Kentucky Derby. The all-but-one-man show, which introduced the standard "It All Depends on You", was turned into a film in 1930. Dances and Ensembles Arranged by Seymour Felix and Larry Ceballos; Staged by J. C. Huffman; Dialogue Directed by Alexander Leftwich
Punjaub (ship)
Punjaub was a sail/paddle steamer  frigate built for the Indian navy operated by  the East India Company.

She was constructed in Bombay Dockyard by Cursetjee Rustomjee to a design by Oliver Laing.  Launched 21 April 1854, the ship took part in the bombardment of Bushire during the Anglo-Persian War before the amalgamation of the Indian navy with the Royal navy led to her being sold as surplus to requirements.  She was purchased by shipping line owner Jock Willis who changed her name to The Tweed and converted her to entirely sail propulsion. On 18 July 1888  the ship was dismasted  off Algoa Bay and was towed to shore, but a subsequent storm drove her aground and she was damaged beyond economic repair.

Willis considered her to be a particularly fast ship. Although she was herself too large for the tea trade, he commissioned three clipper ships based on her hull design, Cutty Sark, Blackadder and Hallowe'en.

Blackadder (clipper)
Blackadder was a clipper, a sister ship to Hallowe'en, built in 1870 by Maudslay, Sons & Field at Greenwich for Jock Willis & Sons.

Blackadder was dismasted on her maiden voyage due to failures in the mast fittings and rigging. She "was able to reach the Cape under jury rig 63 days out." John Willis took legal action against the builders which dragged on to such an extent that her sister ship, Hallowe'en, was not handed over to Willis until nearly 18 months after her launch.  After John Willis died in 1900, Blackadder was bought by J. Aalborg of Kragerø in Norway.  On 5 November 1905 she was wrecked whilst on passage from Barry to Bahia loaded with coal.
Tommi Salmelainen
Tommi Salmelainen (born January 29, 1949) is a [Finnish ice hockey left winger who played for HIFK. He was the first ever European drafted in the NHL Entry Draft in 1969 although he never did play in the National Hockey League. He was taken by the St. Louis Blues in the sixth round, 66th overall.

Tommi Salmelainen's sons Tony and Tobias were both professional ice hockey players.

Tony Salmelainen
Tony Salmelainen (born August 8, 1981) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. He last played for HIFK of the Finnish Liiga in 2013. He was originally drafted by the Edmonton Oilers as their second-round pick in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. His father Tommi Salmelainen was the first European ever to be drafted by an NHL team.
Eucalyptus Health
Eucalyptus Health is an Australian digital health company founded in 2019 that operates telehealth services including Pilot (men's health), Juniper (weight management), Software (dermatology), and Kin (reproductive health). The company is headquartered in Sydney and has expanded to the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan.

Juniper (telehealth company)
Juniper is an online weight-management company operated by Eucalyptus Health. It provides telehealth-based care. It's core offerings include weight management and menopause-related services. The service operates in Australia, the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan.

Juniper's programs are accessed through an online intake and clinician-led consultation. The program is combined with lifestyle support (referred to as health coaching), and may include prescription treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist medications, such as semaglutide (sold as Wegovy or Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro), where clinically appropriate and allowed by local laws.
Fulton County, Illinois
Fulton County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 33,609. Its county seat is Lewistown, and the largest city is Canton. Fulton County comprises the Canton, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Peoria-Canton, IL Combined Statistical Area.

Peoria metropolitan area
The Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of six counties in Central Illinois, anchored by the city of Peoria. As of the 2020 census, the area had a population of 402,391 or 368,782 excluding Fulton County. The City of Peoria, according to the 2020 US Census Bureau, has 113,150 people.
Winnipeg Grenadiers
The Winnipeg Grenadiers was an infantry regiment of the Canadian Army.

First formed on 1 April 1908 under General Order No. 20. Initially it was raised with headquarters at Morden, Manitoba, and companies at: A Company at Morden, B Company at Morden, C Company at Manitou, D Company at Carman, E Company at Roland, F Company at Pilot Mound, G Company at Cartwright and H Company at Boissevain. The unit did not have any active personnel enrolled at the formation.

On 1 February 1910, all companies and headquarters were moved to Winnipeg. On 2 May 1910, the designation was changed to the 100th Winnipeg Grenadiers. The first officers were gazetted to the regiment on 18 May 1910. Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Norlande Ruttan, who came from the Retired List, commanded the regiment on organization (General Order No. 57 (HQ 32-1-107)). The regiment was reorganized under General Order No. 120 (1915) on 1 October 1915 to establish four companies.

John Robert Osborn
Company Sergeant Major John Robert Osborn, VC (2 January 1899 − 19 December 1941) was a Canadian soldier. Osborn was a recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was born in Norfolk, England, and served in the Royal Navy during the First World War.
Grosse Pointe, Michigan
Grosse Pointe is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 5,678.

Grosse Pointe is an eastern suburb of Metro Detroit along Lake St. Clair.  It is located along East Jefferson Avenue and shares a small northwestern border with the city of Detroit.  It is one of five cities within the Grosse Pointe area.  Grosse Pointe was originally incorporated as a village in 1880 and then as a city in 1934.

Grosse Pointe Garden Society
Grosse Pointe Garden Society is an American drama television series written and created by Jenna Bans and Bill Krebs. It premiered on NBC on February 23, 2025. In June 2025, the series was canceled after one season.
Frank Crowther Roberts
Major-General Frank Crowther Roberts, VC, DSO, OBE, MC (2 June 1891 – 12 January 1982) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Bretby
52°48′14″N 1°33′58″W﻿ / ﻿52.804°N 1.566°W﻿ / 52.804; -1.566

Bretby is a village and civil parish in the south of Derbyshire, England, north of Swadlincote and east of Burton upon Trent, on the border between Derbyshire and Staffordshire. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 893. The name means "dwelling place of Britons". On the A511 road (formerly A50), there is a secondary settlement, Stanhope Bretby, which was the site of Bretby Colliery.