hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfredo Ovando
Alfredo Ovando Candia (6 April 1918 – 24 January 1982) was a Bolivian military officer and political leader who served as the 48th president of Bolivia from 1965 to 1966 and 1969 to 1970. During his first term, he shared power with René Barrientos as co-president of a military junta.

President of Bolivia
The president of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente de Bolivia), officially known as the president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), is head of state and head of government of Bolivia and the captain general of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.

According to the Bolivian Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and may serve a maximum of two terms. A strict and inviolable two-term limit is enshrined in the Bolivian Constitution. If no candidate wins a majority (defined as either more than 50%, or alternatively at least 40% and at least 10% more than the second-place candidate), the top two candidates advance to a runoff election.

Rodrigo Paz is the 68th and current president of Bolivia, having assumed office on 8 November 2025.
Osterhofen
Osterhofen (German pronunciation: [oːstɐˈhoːfn̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Deggendorf, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, 16 km south of Deggendorf.

The town surrounds Osterhofen Abbey, a former monastery, whose abbey church is now the Basilica of St. Margaretha.

Osterhofen Abbey
Osterhofen Abbey (German: Kloster Osterhofen, also called Altenmarkt Convent German: Altenmarkt-Damenstift) is a former monastery in Bavaria, Germany,
It is located in the Altenmarkt section of Osterhofen, a town to the south of the Danube between Deggendorf and Vilshofen / Passau.
It has its origins in a collegiate built in 1004–09. From 1128 to 1783 it was a Premonstratensian monastery.
For a while it was then a convent. Today it contains a girls' secondary school.
The former abbey church, a magnificent late baroque building erected in 1726–40, is now the Basilica of Saint Margaret.
21st meridian east
The meridian 21° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 21st meridian east forms a great ellipse with the 159th meridian west.

Part of Namibia's border with Botswana is defined by the meridian.

159th meridian west
The meridian 159° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 159th meridian west forms a great circle with the 21st meridian east.
Finnish Declaration of Independence
The Finnish Declaration of Independence (Finnish: Suomen itsenäisyysjulistus; Swedish: Finlands självständighetsförklaring) was adopted by the Parliament of Finland on 6 December 1917. It declared Finland to be  independent from Russia, with reference to a bill simultaneously delivered to the Parliament to make Finland an independent republic instead.

Declaring independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. The declaration is celebrated as Independence Day in Finland.

Grand Duke of Finland
The Grand Duke of Finland, alternatively the Grand Prince of Finland, was a title used by most Swedish monarchs from 1580 to 1720. The title was first adopted by King Johan III of Sweden, who had been the duke of Finland in 1556–1563. It was briefly revived in 1802–1805 for Prince Carl Gustav, who died in childhood.

In 1809, after Finland was ceded to Russia, it became the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland. Between 1809 and 1917, the emperor of Russia held the title of Grand Duke of Finland as the ruler of the grand duchy.
Simone Magill
Simone Magill (born 1 November 1994) is a Northern Irish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Women's Super League 2 club Birmingham City and the Northern Ireland national team. Magill was named Northern Ireland captain in September 2025.

Everton F.C. Women
Everton Football Club (/ˈɛvərtən/) is an English women's association football team based in Liverpool, England, that competes in the FA Women's Super League, the top division of English women's football. Formed in 1983 as Hoylake W.F.C., it is now part of Everton and has played home games at Walton Hall Park in Walton since February 2020. As of 2025, they play at Goodison Park, the former home of the Men's Team. The team has won the Premier League National Division once, the Premier League Cup once, and the Women's FA Cup twice.
Charles River Bike Path
The Charles River Bike Path is a mixed-use path in the Boston, Massachusetts area.  A portion of the trail is named after the cardiologist Paul Dudley White, a prominent advocate of preventive medicine. His research led him to proclaim frequently "I'd like to put everybody on bicycles." In 1955 White served as president Eisenhower's cardiologist and prescribed his famous patient bicycle therapy after his 1955 heart attack.

The path follows both shores of the Charles River from Boston, Massachusetts to Norumbega Park in Newton, passing through Watertown and Waltham.  The path consists of several segments in the Charles River Reservation separated by road and bridge crossings and forms part of the planned East Coast Greenway, the 3,000-mile trail system connecting cities from Maine to Florida.

Charles River
The Charles River (Massachusett: Quinobequin), sometimes called the River Charles or simply the Charles, is an 80-mile-long (129 km) river in eastern Massachusetts. It flows northeast from Hopkinton to Boston along a meandering route which doubles back on itself several times and travels through 23 cities and towns before reaching the Atlantic Ocean.
College Hill, Providence, Rhode Island
College Hill is a historic neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island, and one of six neighborhoods comprising the city's East Side. It is roughly bounded by South and North Main Street to the west, Power Street to the south, Governor Street and Arlington Avenue to the east and Olney Street to the north. The neighborhood's primary commercial area extends along Thayer Street, a strip frequented by students in the Providence area.

College Hill is the most affluent neighborhood in Providence, with a median family income of nearly three times that of the whole city.

Portions of College Hill are designated local and national historic districts for their historical residential architecture. In 2011, the American Planning Association designated the neighborhood one of the "Great Places in America".

Bryant University
Bryant University is a private university in Smithfield, Rhode Island, United States. It has three colleges, the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Health and Behavioral Sciences, and the College of Business, and is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Indo-Tibetan Border Police
The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is a central armed police force in India, under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for guarding India's border with Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It was formed in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War of 1962.

Central Reserve Police Force
The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is a central armed police force in India, under the Ministry of Home Affairs. The CRPF assists states and Union Territories in maintaining law and order and internal security. It is composed of the Central Reserve Police Force (Regular) and Central Reserve Police Force (Auxiliary).

It was established on 27 July 1939 as Crown Representative's Police with the objective of providing security to the British Crown Representatives in India. The force was later renamed as the Central Reserve Police Force by an Act of Parliament in 1949. The CRPF played a major role in the Parliamentary elections of September 1999.

The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is the largest central armed police force in India, comprising 247 battalions and exceeding a total strength of 301,376 personnel, as of 2019. CRPF officers are also deployed in United Nations missions.
The Whirlwind (newspaper)
The Whirlwind was a short-lived British newspaper, published in 1890 and 1891. It was known for its Individualist political views and its artwork by Walter Sickert and James Abbott McNeill Whistler. It was also strongly Jacobite and played a leading role in the Neo-Jacobite Revival of the 1890s.

Neo-Jacobite Revival
The Neo-Jacobite Revival was a political movement active during the 25 years before the First World War in the United Kingdom. The movement was monarchist, and had the specific aim of replacing British parliamentary democracy with a restored monarch from the deposed House of Stuart.
Eswatini TV
Eswatini TV, formerly known as Swazi TV, is a Swazi television channel owned by the Eswatini Broadcasting and Information Service (EBIS, formerly SBIS). It was the only television channel in the country until the establishment of the Ultipro-backed Channel S in 2001.

Eswatini Broadcasting and Information Service
Eswatini Broadcasting and Information Service is the state-owned broadcast and print information provider of Eswatini, which essentially wields total control over all media within the country.
It was founded in 1966 as a radio broadcaster, and was merged with print media in the early 1970s. It is a member of the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association. Since 1991, it has been under the Ministry of Broadcasting, Information and Tourism, and is responsible for:

Radio and television broadcasting services;

Newspapers, magazines, and other printed governmental publications;

Government information services, including internet;

Accreditation of foreign news reporters and correspondents operating in Eswatini.
Bayt 'Affa
Bayt 'Affa was a Palestinian village in the Gaza Subdistrict. It was depopulated and destroyed during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. It was located 29 km (18 mi) northeast of Gaza and Wadi al-Rana ran east of the village.

Gaza Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Gaza Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء غزة; Hebrew: נפת עזה) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was situated in the southern Mediterranean coastline of the British Mandate of Palestine. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the district disintegrated, with Israel controlling the northern and eastern portions while Egypt held control of the southern and central parts – which became the Gaza Strip, under Egyptian military between 1948 and 1967, Israeli military rule between 1967 and 2005, part of the Palestinian National Authority (with some aspects of retained Israeli rule until the 2005 withdrawal) after the Oslo Accords until 2007, and is currently ruled by the Hamas as a de facto separate entity from the Palestinian National Authority. The parts which Israel held since 1948 were merged into Israeli administrative districts, their connection with Gaza severed.
Glasgow Transit
Glasgow Transit is the primary provider of mass transportation in Glasgow, Kentucky with one route serving the region. As of 2019, the system provided 8,075 rides over 3,023 annual vehicle revenue hours with 2 buses.

Glasgow, Kentucky
Glasgow is a home rule-class city in Barren County, Kentucky, United States. It is the seat of its county. Glasgow is the principal city of the Glasgow micropolitan area, which comprises Barren and Metcalfe counties. The population was 15,014 at the 2020 U.S. census.

The city is well known for its annual Scottish Highland Games. In 2007, Barren County was named the number one rural place to live by The Progressive Farmer magazine.
Rwandan National Institute of Scientific Research
The Rwandan National Institute of Scientific Research is a scientific institution based in Butare, Rwanda. It plays an important role in science and technology in Rwanda.

The institute has worked with the National University of Rwanda  in the Phytomedicine and Life Sciences Research Plan which began research into pharmacopeia and traditional medicine in the country at the National University of Rwanda in 1972 in the Faculty of Medicine. The Rwandan National Institute of Scientific Research later became involved and also collaborates with researchers from the National Institute of Scientific Research (INRS) and researchers from the Institute of Agronomic Sciences of Rwanda (ISAR).

Butare
Butare (Kinyarwanda: [βú.tɑ́.ɾe]), also known as Huye and formerly known as Astrida, is a city with a population of 62,823 (2022 census) in the Southern Province of Rwanda and the capital of Huye district. It is the seventh largest town in Rwanda by population.
Dunér (crater)
Dunér is an old lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the southeast of the crater Chernyshev, and west-southwest of the Perkin–Debye crater pair.

This crater has been heavily battered by multiple small impacts, leaving a barely surviving outer rim that forms little more than a circular rise in the surface. The interior is in similar condition, and small craters cover many parts of the crater. The most notable impacts consist of a chain of overlapping small craters that run from near the midpoint and cross the southeastern rim. This chain is greater in length than the diameter of Dunér.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Dunér was called Crater 69.

Perkin (crater)
Perkin is a lunar impact crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the Moon's far side. Immediately to the north is the larger crater Debye.  Just to the southeast is the somewhat smaller cater Guillaume, and to the west-southwest lies Dunér. To the northwest of Perkin is the large walled plain D'Alembert.

This is a worn and eroded crater formation with an outer rim that has been reshaped by several subsequent impacts. Laid along the inner wall to the east-northeast is a small crater. Small craterlets lie along the southern inner wall and the northwestern rim. Several smaller craterlets cut across the rim along the southwest and north.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Perkin was called Crater 72.
Iran After the Elections conference
Iran After the Parliamentary Elections: The Dynamic of Reforms in the Islamic Republic (German: Iran nach den Parlamentswahlen: Die Reformdynamik in der Islamischen Republik; commonly known as the Berlin Conference in Iran) was a three-day conference about the future of Iran after the landslide victory of the reformists in 2000 legislative election, organized by the Heinrich Böll Foundation and held in Berlin in April 2000. The conference was less notable for its proceedings than for its disruption by anti-regime Iranian exiles, and for the long prison sentences given to several participants upon their return to Iran.

Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari
Hasan Yousefi Eshkevari (Persian: حسن یوسفی اشکوری, born 11 August 1949) is an Iranian cleric, researcher, journalist, reformist and former political prisoner. He has been described as "an active supporter of the revolution" who became "an outspoken and influential critic of the current Iranian version of theocracy."
Western rufous bristlebird
The western rufous bristlebird (Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis), also known as the rufous bristlebird (western), the south-western rufous bristlebird or the lesser rufous bristle bird, is an extinct and little-known subspecies of the rufous bristlebird that was endemic to Western Australia.

Rufous bristlebird
The rufous bristlebird (Dasyornis broadbenti) is one of three extant species of bristlebirds. It is endemic to Australia and three subspecies have been described, from coastal south-western Western Australia, south-eastern South Australia and south-western Victoria. Its natural habitat is coastal shrublands and heathlands. It is threatened by habitat destruction.
Nordenskjöld Lake
The Nordenskjöld (Spanish: Lago Nordenskjöld or Lago Nordenskiöld) is a lake in Torres del Paine National Park in the Magallanes Region, southern Chile. The lake is named after the Swede Otto Nordenskjöld, who explored the region at the beginning of the 20th century. The outfall of Nordenskjöld Lake consists of a waterfall known as Salto Grande. At this western end of the lake on the southern side is an abundance of wildlife, including grazing guanaco.

Salto Grande (waterfall)
The Salto Grande is a waterfall on the Paine River, after the Nordenskjöld Lake, within the Torres del Paine National Park in Chile. In the vicinity of Salto Grande are a variety of natural vegetation forms as well as certain wildlife species, including the wild guanaco.
Eagle Mount
Eagle Mount  is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that facilitates and implements therapeutic recreational programs and opportunities for people with disabilities, children with cancer, and provides support for their families. The organization was founded in Bozeman, Montana, and additional independent Eagle Mount organizations currently exist in Billings, Montana, and Great Falls, Montana. The information in this article refers to Eagle Mount Bozeman.

Bozeman, Montana
Bozeman (/ˈboʊzmən/ BOHZ-mən) is a city in and the county seat of Gallatin County, Montana, United States. The 2020 United States census put Bozeman's population at 53,293, making it Montana's fourth-largest city. It is the principal city of the Bozeman, Montana, Metropolitan Statistical Area, consisting of all of Gallatin County, with a population of 118,960. It is the second-largest of Montana's statistical areas.
Where-to-be-born Index
The Where-to-be-born Index, formerly known as the Quality-of-life Index (QLI), was last published by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) in 2013. Its purpose was to assess which country offered the most favorable conditions for a healthy, secure, and prosperous life in the years following its release.

It was based on a method that combines the results of subjective life-satisfaction surveys with the objective determinants of quality of life across countries, as well as forecasts for economic growth.

Economist Intelligence Unit
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of the British media company The Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory services through research and analysis, such as monthly country reports, five-year country economic forecasts, country risk service reports, and industry reports. The EIU provides country, industry, and management analysis worldwide and incorporates the former Business International Corporation, a UK company acquired by its parent company in 1986. The EIU has its main offices in four cities—London, NYC, Hong Kong and Dubai.

The Managing Director of the EIU is Leon Calvert, who was appointed in April 2025. The former MD was Robin Bew, formerly the Editorial Director and Chief Economist.
Hawkins's rail
Hawkins's rail (Diaphorapteryx hawkinsi), also called the giant Chatham Island rail or in Moriori as mehonui, is an extinct species of flightless rail. It was endemic to the Chatham Islands east of New Zealand. It is known to have existed only on the main islands of Chatham Island and Pitt Island. Hawkins's rail was the largest terrestrial bird native to the Chatham Islands, around 40 centimetres (16 in) tall and weighing about 2 kilograms (4.4 lb). It had a long, downward curving beak. Historic accounts likely referring to the bird by the name "mehonui" suggest that it was red-brown in colour, and it has been compared to the weka in ecological habits, using its beak to probe decaying wood for invertebrates. Hawkins's rail likely became extinct due to overhunting by the islands native inhabitants, the Moriori, and the bird is known from skeletal remains found in their kitchen middens.

Rail (bird)
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting. The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known.
2020 Liberian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Liberia on 8 December 2020 alongside Senate elections and two by-elections to the House of Representatives. It had been planned for 13 October, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Voters were asked whether they approved of eight amendments to the constitution, voting separately on each one. Although a majority of valid votes were in favour of each proposal, the two-thirds quorum was not met for any proposal.

2020 Liberian by-elections
The 2020 Liberian by-elections were held on December 8 in the following House districts: Montserrado-9 and Sinoe-2. The by-elections were held concurrently with the 2020 Senate election as well as a constitutional referendum. The by-elections were triggered by the deaths of two members of the House of Representatives. The by-elections were delayed beyond what is permitted by the Liberian Constitution. The elected House members were Frank Saah Foko Jr. (Montserrado-9) and Samson Wiah (Sinoe-2).
In the City of Slaughter
"In the City of Slaughter" (Hebrew: בְּעִיר הַהֲרֵגָה) is a Hebrew poem written in 1904 by Hayim Nahman Bialik about the 1903 Kishinev pogrom. Bialik had previously written the poem "On the Slaughter" in the direct aftermath of the pogrom.

Hayim Nahman Bialik
Hayim Nahman Bialik (Hebrew: חיים נחמן ביאַליק; January 9, 1873 – July 4, 1934) was a Russian-Jewish poet who wrote primarily in Hebrew and Yiddish. Bialik is considered a pioneer of modern Hebrew poetry, part of the vanguard of Jewish thinkers who gave voice to a new spirit of his time, and recognized today as Israel's national poet. Being a noted essayist, poet and story-teller, Bialik also translated major works from European languages into Hebrew.
2022–23 Ukrainian First League
The 2022–23 Ukrainian First League was the 32nd since its establishment. The league competition consisted of 16 teams. The competition took place during the ongoing war with the Russia since late February 2022. It was decided to conduct competitions in two groups.

FSC Mariupol
FSC Mariupol (Ukrainian: Футбольний спортивний клуб «Маріуполь») is a Ukrainian professional football club based in the city of Mariupol. The team currently plays in the Ukrainian First League.

The club currently plays its home games near Kyiv in Demydiv (Dinaz Stadium, 2022–23) and Boryspil (Kolos Stadium, 2023–24), due to the destruction and occupation of Mariupol by Russia.
Vals, Switzerland
Vals (locally pronounced [ˈvals]) is a village and a municipality in the Surselva Region in the canton of the Grisons in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2015 the former municipality of St. Martin merged into the municipality of Vals.

St. Martin, Graubünden
St. Martin (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [zaŋkt ˈmartiːn], sometimes spelled in full as Sankt Martin; Romansh: Sogn Martin) is a village and was a municipality in the district of Surselva in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2015 the former municipality of St. Martin merged into the municipality of Vals.