hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Side (Melrose)
The East Side is a Melrose, Massachusetts neighborhood located on the east side of the city. It stretches roughly from Lebanon Street east to the Saugus, Massachusetts line and is positioned in between the Mount Hood Golf Club neighborhood (to the south) and the Horace Mann neighborhood (to the north).

Melrose, Massachusetts
Melrose is a city located in the Greater Boston metropolitan area in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Its population as of the 2020 census was 29,817. It is a suburb located approximately seven miles north of Boston. It is situated in the center of the triangle created by Interstates 93, 95 and U.S. Route 1.

The land that comprises Melrose was first settled in 1628 and was once part of Charlestown and then Malden. It became the Town of Melrose in 1850 and then the City of Melrose in 1900.
Victor J. Andrew High School
Victor J. Andrew High School, Andrew, or VJA, is a public four-year high school located in Tinley Park, Illinois, a southwest suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is named for Victor J. Andrew, of Andrew Corporation fame. It is the third school to become part of Consolidated High School District 230, which also includes Amos Alonzo Stagg High School and Carl Sandburg High School.

Tinley Park, Illinois
Tinley Park is a village in Cook and Will counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 55,971 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 54,856 in 2024. It is a suburb in the Chicago metropolitan area.
Backslash
The backslash \ is a typographical mark used mainly in computing and mathematics. It is the mirror image of the common slash ('solidus'), /.  It is a relatively recent mark, first documented in the 1930s. It is sometimes called a hack, whack, escape (from C/UNIX), reverse slash, slosh, backslant, backwhack, bash, reverse slant, reverse solidus, and reversed virgule.

Complement (set theory)
In set theory, the complement of a set A, often denoted by  (or A′), is the set of elements not in A.

When all elements in the universe, i.e. all elements under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set U, the absolute complement of A is the set of elements in U that are not in A.

The relative complement of A with respect to a set B, also termed the set difference of B and A, written  is the set of elements in B that are not in A.
Boso of Sant'Anastasia
Boso (Italian Bosone) was a Roman Catholic cardinal, priest of Sant'Anastasia al Palatino (1116–1122) and bishop of Turin (1122–1126×28). He was a frequent apostolic legate, making four separate trips to Spain in this capacity. In Spain he proclaimed a crusade to re-conquer the Balearics and held several synods to establish the Gregorian reforms. In Turin, he introduced the truce of God to curb private warfare.

Archdiocese of Turin
The Archdiocese of Turin (Latin: Archidioecesis Taurinensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory of the Catholic Church in Italy.

The diocese of Turin was founded in the 4th century and elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on 21 May 1515 by Pope Leo X. As a metropolitan archdiocese, it has as suffragan dioceses: Acqui, Alba, Aosta, Asti, Cuneo, Fossano, Ivrea, Mondovì, Pinerolo, Saluzzo and Susa. Its mother church is the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist.
Erba, Lombardy
Erba (previously Erba-Incino, as it was formed by the union of these two places, together with some smaller districts) is a comune (municipality) of some 16,000 inhabitants in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Milan and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Como in the traditional region of Brianza at the foot of the Lombard Prealps and close to Monte Bollettone.

It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on May 12, 1970. Erba borders the following municipalities: Albavilla, Caslino d'Erba, Castelmarte, Eupilio, Faggeto Lario, Longone al Segrino, Merone, Monguzzo, Ponte Lambro, Proserpio.

Faggeto Lario
Faggeto Lario (Comasco: Fasgée [faˈʒeː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Milan and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Como.

Faggeto Lario borders the following municipalities: Albavilla, Albese con Cassano, Caglio, Carate Urio, Caslino d'Erba, Erba, Laglio, Nesso, Pognana Lario, Tavernerio, Torno.
WFLI-TV
WFLI-TV (channel 53) is a television station licensed to Cleveland, Tennessee, United States, serving the Chattanooga area as an affiliate of The CW and MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group alongside dual ABC/Fox affiliate WTVC (channel 9); Sinclair also provides certain services to WDSI-TV (channel 61) under a local marketing agreement (LMA) with New Age Media.

WFLI-TV and WDSI-TV share studios on East Main Street (SR 8/US 41/US 76) in Chattanooga's Highland Park section; master control and some internal operations for the two stations are based at WTVC's facilities on Benton Drive in Chattanooga. WFLI-TV's transmitter is located on Signal Mountain in the town of Walden.

Although parts of the Chattanooga market are in the Central Time Zone, all schedules are listed in Eastern Time.

WDSI-TV
WDSI-TV (channel 61) is a television station in Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with True Crime Network and Comet. The station is owned by New Age Media; Sinclair Broadcast Group, owner of dual ABC/Fox affiliate WTVC (channel 9) and CW/MyNetworkTV affiliate WFLI-TV (channel 53), provides some engineering functions for WDSI-TV under a master service agreement.

Master control and some internal operations for WDSI-TV are based at WTVC/WFLI-TV's facilities on Benton Drive in Chattanooga. WDSI-TV's transmitter is located on Signal Mountain in the town of Walden.

Established in 1972 as independent station WRIP-TV, channel 61 later became WDSI-TV in 1983. The station was a Fox affiliate from 1986 to 2015, when Sinclair purchased the programming assets of New Age Media's Chattanooga stations but did not assume program control of WDSI-TV.
East Pakistan football team
The East Pakistan football team (Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান ফুটবল দল) was a provincial team operated by the East Pakistan Sports Federation (EPSF) and represented East Pakistan in national and international matches from 1948 till the Independence of Bangladesh in 1971, which led to the eventual formation of the Bangladesh national football team.

The team participated in the National Football Championship from 1948 to 1960, becoming champions in their final year, after which the EPSF began sending divisional teams to the tournament. East Pakistan won their maiden international trophy in 1970, the King Mahendra Cup in Kathmandu, Nepal, during which they also played their final competitive games, as the team was dissolved during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Apart from East Pakistanis, the team often included players from West Pakistan, who, at the time, participated in the Dhaka First Division League. This contributed significantly to their success.

Nabi Chowdhury
Nurunnabi Chowdhury (Bengali: নুরুন্নবী চৌধুরী; 1934 – January 2003), better known as Nabi Chowdhury, was a former Bangladeshi football player and the first East Pakistani or Bengali to captain the Pakistan national football team.
Janine Ditullio
Janine Ditullio is an American comedy writer, voice actress, and stand-up comedian. She has been nominated for six Emmy Awards and won two Writers Guild of America Awards for her writing on Late Night with Conan O'Brien .

Paula Poundstone
Paula Poundstone (born December 29, 1959) is an American stand-up comedian, author, actress, interviewer, and commentator. Beginning in the late 1980s, she performed a series of one-hour HBO comedy specials. She provided backstage commentary during the 1992 presidential election on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. She is the host of the podcast Nobody Listens to Paula Poundstone, which is the successor to the National Public Radio program Live from the Poundstone Institute. She is a frequent panelist on NPR's weekly news quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me, and was a recurring guest on the network's A Prairie Home Companion variety program during Garrison Keillor's years as host.
Elements (Atheist album)
Elements is the third studio album released by Florida technical death metal band Atheist, released on August 30, 1993, by Music for Nations in Europe and by Metal Blade Records in the US.

Elements was Atheist's last studio album for 17 years, until the 2010 release of Jupiter. The album was reissued by Relapse Records in 2005 and was digitally remastered with the addition of six bonus tracks.

Jupiter (Atheist album)
Jupiter is the fourth studio album by the Florida technical death metal band Atheist, released on November 8, 2010 through Season of Mist.

It is the band's first studio album in 17 years since the release of Elements in 1993.
Concurrent Collections
Concurrent Collections (CnC) is a programming model for software frameworks to expose parallelism in applications. The Concurrent Collections conception originated from tagged stream processing development with HP TStreams.

Cilk
Cilk, Cilk++, Cilk Plus and OpenCilk are general-purpose programming languages designed for multithreaded parallel computing. They are based on the C and C++ programming languages, which they extend with constructs to express parallel loops and the fork–join idiom.

Originally developed in the 1990s at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the group of Charles E. Leiserson, Cilk was later commercialized as Cilk++ by a spinoff company, Cilk Arts. That company was subsequently acquired by Intel, which increased compatibility with existing C and C++ code, calling the result Cilk Plus. After Intel stopped supporting Cilk Plus in 2017, MIT is again developing  Cilk in the form of OpenCilk.
Maristow House
Maristow House in the parish of Bickleigh (formerly Tamerton Foliot), Devon, England, is a large country house set in landscaped parkland, on the River Tavy to the north of Plymouth. It was built in about 1560, rebuilt in the mid-18th century and further remodelled in the early 20th century. Between 1798 and 1938 it was the residence of the Lopes family, Barons Roborough. The house was ruined by fire after World War II, but was restored and converted into apartments in the late 1990s by Kit Martin. It is a grade II* listed building, having been so designated on 29 March 1960.

Bickleigh, South Hams
Bickleigh is a small village on the southern edge of Dartmoor in Devon, England. It has a population of about 50 people. It is in the South Hams district, and is about 7 miles (11 km) north of Plymouth city centre.  The village is part of the electoral ward called Bickleigh and Shaugh. At the 2011 census the ward population was 4,723. 42 Commando is currently based at Bickleigh Barracks.

The village church has a tower of the 15th century but the rest of the building is the work of Charles Fowler, 1838, and one of the church's two baptismal fonts is 15th century. There is a fine monument to Sir Manasseh Masseh Lopes of Maristow House.
Apiaká of Tocantins
Apiaká of Tocantins, also known as Apingi, is an extinct and poorly attested Cariban language, most closely related to the extinct Yarumá language. Kaufman (2007) placed it in his Arara branch. It was said to be moribund in 1964, with only a few speakers.

Cariban languages
The Cariban languages are a family of languages Indigenous to north-eastern South America. They are widespread across northernmost South America, from the mouth of the Amazon River to the Colombian Andes, and they are also spoken in small pockets of central Brazil. The languages of the Cariban family are relatively closely related. There are about three dozen, but most are spoken only by a few hundred people. Macushi is the only language among them with numerous speakers, estimated at 30,000. The Cariban family is well known among linguists partly because one language in the family—Hixkaryana—has a default word order of object–verb–subject. Prior to their discovery of this, linguists presumed that this order did not exist in any spoken natural language.
HMS Lion (1794)
HMS Lion was a Dutch hoy that the Admiralty purchased in 1794. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy in March 1794 under Lieutenant Stephen Donovan. She and several of her sister ships (Eagle, Repulse, Tiger, and Scorpion), formed part of a short-lived squadron under Philippe d'Auvergne at Jersey. The navy sold her at Jersey on 20 November 1795.

HMS Eagle (1794)
HMS Eagle was a Dutch hoy that the Admiralty purchased in 1794. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy in March 1794 under Lieutenant David Hamline for the Channel Islands. She and several of her sister ships — (Lion, Repulse, Tiger, and Scorpion) — formed part of a short-lived squadron under Philippe d'Auvergne at Jersey in the Channel Islands. Eagle was paid off in 1795 and then lent to the Royal Navy's Transport Board in March 1796.

Eagle was recommissioned in September 1796 under Lieutenant Henry Hardacre. On 31 January 1799, she was driven ashore in Studland Bay on the coast of the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset in England, but she was refloated and returned to service. She was one of the vessels that shared in the proceeds of the Vlieter Incident on 28 August 1799. From June 1800 Lieutenant William Nazer commanded Eagle.

The Royal Navy sold Eagle at Portsmouth in November 1804.
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Springfield, Illinois)
The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception  is the seat of the Catholic Diocese of Springfield in Illinois.  The cathedral, for which the cornerstone was laid on August 14, 1927, was dedicated on October 14, 1928.  The cathedral complex is built in a modified Greek Revival architectural style.

Diocese of Springfield in Illinois
The Diocese of Springfield in Illinois (Latin: Diœcesis Campifontis in Illinois) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the capital city of Illinois in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Chicago. The mother church is the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Springfield.
Polybius square
The Polybius square, also known as the Polybius checkerboard, is a device invented by the ancient Greeks Cleoxenus and Democleitus, and made famous by the historian and scholar Polybius. The device is used for fractionating plaintext characters so that they can be represented by a smaller set of symbols, which is useful for telegraphy, steganography, and cryptography. The device was originally used for fire signalling, allowing for the coded transmission of any message, not just a finite number of predetermined options as was the convention before.

Transposition cipher
In cryptography, a transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition) without changing the characters themselves. Transposition ciphers reorder units of plaintext (typically characters or groups of characters) according to a regular system to produce a ciphertext which is a permutation of the plaintext. They differ from substitution ciphers, which do not change the position of units of plaintext but instead change the units themselves. Despite the difference between transposition and substitution operations, they are often combined, as in historical ciphers like the ADFGVX cipher or complex high-quality encryption methods like the modern Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).
Oxybii
The Oxybii or Oxubii (Ancient Greek: Ὀξύβιοι) were a Celto-Ligurian tribe dwelling on the Mediterranean coast during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

According to historian Guy Barruol, the Oxybii were part of the Saluvian confederation.

Salyes
The Salyes or Salluvii (Greek: Σάλυες) were an ancient Celto-Ligurian people dwelling between the Durance river and the Greek colony of Massalia during the Iron Age. Although earlier writers called them 'Ligurian', Strabo used the denomination 'Celto-ligurian' in the early 1st century AD. A Celtic influence is noticeable in their religion, which centred on the cult of the tête coupée ('severed head'), as well as in the names of their towns and leaders. During the 2nd century BC, the Salyes were most likely at the head of a political and military confederation that united both Gallic and Ligurian tribes.

During most of their early history, the Salyes were in conflict with the neighbouring Greek inhabitants of Massalia, and later on with their ally the Roman Republic, until the consul Gaius Sextius Calvinus sacked their hill-fort Entremont ca. 122 BC. Revolts against the Roman conquerors were crushed in 90 and 83 BC.
Kawaguchi, Saitama
Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) is a city located in southeastern Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2025, the city had an estimated population of 595,011 in 293,582 households and a population density of 9605 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 61.95 square kilometres (23.92 sq mi). It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 8th most populated city (after passing Hachioji), and second largest in Saitama Prefecture, after eponymous Saitama.

Adachi, Tokyo
Adachi (足立区, Adachi-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. It is located to the north of the heart of Tokyo. The ward consists of two separate areas: a small strip of land between the Sumida River and Arakawa River and a larger area north of the Arakawa River. The ward is bordered by the cities of Kawaguchi, Sōka and Yashio in Saitama and Katsushika, Sumida, Arakawa and Kita in Tokyo. The ward is called Adachi City in English.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 692,707 and a population density of 13,010 persons per km2. The total area is 53.25 km2.

The Adachi Land Transportation Office is located here, and automobiles registered at this office bear Adachi number plates.
Afternoon, a story
afternoon, a story, spelled with a lowercase 'a', is a work of electronic literature written in 1987 by American author Michael Joyce. It was published by Eastgate Systems in 1990 and is known as one of the first works of hypertext fiction.

afternoon was first offered to the public as a demonstration of the hypertext authoring system Storyspace, announced in 1987 at the first Association for Computing Machinery Hypertext conference in a paper by Michael Joyce and Jay David Bolter. In 1990, it was published on diskette and distributed in the same form by Eastgate Systems. It was followed by a series of other Storyspace hypertext fictions, including Stuart Moulthrop's Victory Garden,  Shelley Jackson's Patchwork Girl and Deena Larsen's Marble Springs. Eastgate continued to publish the work in the 2010s and distributed it on a USB flash drive.

Eastgate Systems
Eastgate Systems is a hypertext publisher and software company headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts.

Eastgate is a pioneer in hypertext publishing and electronic literature and one of the best known publishers of hypertext fiction. It publishes fiction, non-fiction, and poetry hypertexts by established authors with careers in print, as well as new authors. Its software tools include Storyspace, a hypertext system created by Jay David Bolter, Michael Joyce and John B. Smith, in which much early hypertext fiction was written.

Eastgate's chief scientist, Mark Bernstein, is a hypertext researcher, and has improved and extended Storyspace. He also developed new hypertext software, Tinderbox, a tool for managing notes and information. Storyspace was used in a project in Michigan to put judicial "bench books" into electronic form.
Seetal Alps
The Seetal Alps (German: Seetaler Alpen) are a mountain range in the Lavanttal or Noric Alps in Austria south of the River Mur between Scheifling and Zeltweg.
Their highest peak is the Zirbitzkogel (2,396 m).

Lavanttal Alps
The Lavanttal Alps (German: Lavanttaler Alpen, Slovene: Labotniške Alpe) are part of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria and Slovenia, between the river Mur in the north and the Drava in the south.

The mountains are named after the central valley of Lavanttal and the Lavant River which runs in their midst. Historically they were also viewed, along with the neighbouring Gurktal Alps range, as part of the larger "Noric Alps", but that grouping had no geological basis.
Key System Mole
The Key System Mole was an interurban train and ferry pier on the San Francisco Bay. It served as an interchange point in the East Bay for Key System passengers traveling to and from San Francisco. It opened to passenger service in 1903 and was upgraded several times until 1933 when it was partially destroyed by a fire. Passenger service ended in 1939, and segments of the structure were partially reused in construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge.

Key System
The Key System (or Key Route) was a privately owned company that provided mass transit in the cities of Oakland, Berkeley, Alameda, Emeryville, Piedmont, San Leandro, Richmond, Albany, and El Cerrito in the eastern San Francisco Bay Area from 1903 until 1960, when it was sold to a newly formed public agency, AC Transit. The Key System consisted of local streetcar and bus lines in the East Bay, and commuter rail and bus lines connecting the East Bay to San Francisco by a ferry pier on San Francisco Bay, later via the lower deck of the Bay Bridge. At its height during the 1940s, the Key System had over 66 miles (106 km) of track. The local streetcars were discontinued in 1948 and the commuter trains to San Francisco were discontinued in 1958. The Key System's territory is today served by BART and AC Transit bus service.
Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Director
National Film Award for Best Director (Bengali: জাতীয় চলচ্চিত্র পুরস্কার) is the highest award for film directors in Bangladesh, presented annually at Bangladesh National Film Awards ceremony by the Ministry of Information. It is given in honour of a film director who has exhibited excellence directing in Bangladeshi cinema. Since 1975, the award is given annually except in 1981, 1998 and 2003. It is presented by the President of Bangladesh at a ceremony held in Dhaka.

The 1st National Film Awards ceremony was held in 1976, and Narayan Ghosh Mita was the first awardee of this category for directing the film Lathial (1975).

Since its inception, a total of 43 awards have been given to 32 directors. A. J. Mintu has received the most awards in this category with four, following Sheikh Niamat Ali three times. 2017 best director, producer & Screenplay writer Reazul Rezu. As of the 2023 ceremony, Rubaiyat Hossain is the recent winner in this category for the film Shimu (2022).

A J Mintu
A J Mintu is a Bangladeshi film director and screenwriter. He won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Director four times and Best Screenplay twice for the films Lalu Mastan (1987), Satya Mithya (1989), Pita Mata Santan (1991), and Banglar Bodhu (1993).
Madonna with the Christ Child Writing
The Madonna with the Christ Child Writing is a painting by the Italian Renaissance master Pinturicchio, painted around 1494-1498 and housed in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, in the United States.

The painting is derived from the Madonna of Peace (c. 1490), a simplification  for a less acculturated commissioner, perhaps a private family. The Virgin sits on a kind of cask, and is offering a book to the Child, who writes on it. The garments of the Child are perhaps inspired by the late Byzantine mosaics seen by Pinturicchio in Rome.

In the background is a small depiction of the Flight into Egypt and two symmetrical trees, one which is a palm, a symbol of martyrdom.

Madonna of Peace (Pinturicchio)
Madonna of Peace is an oil on panel painting by Pinturicchio, now in the Pinacoteca Civica Padre Pietro Tacchi Venturi in San Severino Marche. It is one of the few authentically autographed works from the artist's early mature period.