hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sandpoint Reader
Sandpoint Reader is an alternative weekly newspaper published in Sandpoint, Idaho, providing local news, cultural and entertainment coverage. It is distributed free in Bonner County, Idaho and Boundary County, Idaho.

Sandpoint, Idaho
Sandpoint is the largest city in and the county seat of Bonner County, Idaho, United States. Its population was 9,777 as of the 2022 census.

Sandpoint's major economic contributors include forest products, light manufacturing, tourism, recreation and government services. As the largest service center in the two northern Idaho counties (Bonner and Boundary), as well as northwestern Montana, it has an active retail sector.

Sandpoint lies on the shores of Idaho's largest lake, 43-mile-long (69-kilometer) Lake Pend Oreille, and is surrounded by three major mountain ranges, the Selkirk, Cabinet and Bitterroot ranges. It is home to Schweitzer Mountain Resort, Idaho's largest ski resort, and is on the International Selkirk Loop and two National Scenic Byways (Wild Horse Trail and Pend Oreille Scenic Byway). Among other distinctions awarded by national media in the past decade, in 2011 Sandpoint was named the nation's "Most Beautiful Small Town" by Rand McNally and USA Today.
7.5 cm KwK 42
The 7.5 cm KwK 42 L/70 (from 7.5 cm Kampfwagenkanone 42 L/70) was a 7.5 cm calibre German tank gun used on German armoured fighting vehicles in the Second World War. The gun was the armament of the Panther medium tank and two variants of the Jagdpanzer IV self-propelled anti-tank gun. On the latter it was designated as the "7.5 cm Panzerabwehrkanone 42" (7.5 cm Pak 42) anti-tank gun.

Panzergranate 39
The Panzergranate 39 or Pzgr. 39 was a German armor-piercing shell used during World War II. It was manufactured in various calibers and was the most common anti-tank shell used in German tank (German: Kampfwagenkanone; shorted to KwK) and anti-tank guns (German: Panzerabwehrkanone(n); shortened to PaK) of 37 to 88 mm (1.5 to 3.5 in) caliber.
Bahengic languages
The Bahengic (Pahungic) languages are a divergent branch of the Miao (Hmongic) languages. Speakers are among the ethnic Bunu: Miao-speaking Yao people of China.

Pa-Hng (Baheng) has long been recognized as a divergent language. Benedict (1986) argued that one of its dialects constituted a separate branch of the Miao–Yao family, and Ratliff (2010) found it to be the most divergent Hmongic language that she analyzed. Mao & Li (1997) determined that two poorly known languages are closely related to Pa-Hng, though none are mutually intelligible:

Bahengic

Hm-Nai (Wunai)

Pa-Hng (Baheng)

Younuo (Yuno) was classified as a sister of Bahengic by Mao & Li (1997), although Younuo was later classified as Sheic.

Sheic languages
The Sheic or She–Jiongnai languages are a branch of the Miao (Hmongic) language family.

She (Ho-Ne) has long been recognized as a divergent language. It has been difficult to classify because of its numerous Chinese loanwords. Recently, it has been concluded that a few other Miao languages may be closer to She than to the rest of the family.
2015 UCI Road World Championships
The 2015 UCI Road World Championships took place in Richmond, Virginia, United States from September 19–27, 2015. It was the 88th Road World Championships. Peter Sagan won the men's road race and Lizzie Armitstead won the women's road race.

2015 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race
The Women's road race of the 2015 UCI Road World Championships took place in and around Richmond, Virginia, United States on September 26, 2015. The course of the race was 129.6 km (80.5 mi) with the start and finish in Richmond. Pauline Ferrand-Prévot was the defending champion, having won the world title in 2014.

In a sprint finish of a select group of nine riders, Great Britain's Lizzie Armitstead added the rainbow jersey to her UCI Women's Road World Cup overall victory, out-sprinting Dutch rider Anna van der Breggen by just over a wheel's length. The podium was completed by home rider Megan Guarnier, the first American to podium in the event since 1994.
Racism in Australia
Racism against various ethnic or minority groups has existed in Australia since British colonisation. Throughout Australian history, the Indigenous peoples of Australia have faced severe restrictions on their political, social, and economic freedoms, and suffered genocide, forced removals, and massacres, and continue to face discrimination. European, Sub-Saharan African, Asian, Pacific Islander, Arab, Iranian, Latin American, and North American Australians have also been the victims of discrimination and harassment. In addition, Jews, Italians and the Irish were often subjected to xenophobic exclusion and other forms of religious and ethnic discrimination.

Racism has manifested itself in a variety of ways, including segregation, racist immigration policies, naturalisation laws, and internment camps.

Racial Discrimination Act 1975
The Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) is an Act of the Australian Parliament, which was enacted on 11 June 1975 and passed by the Whitlam government. The Act makes racial discrimination in certain contexts unlawful in Australia, and also overrides state and territory legislation to the extent of any inconsistency.

The Act is administered by the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC).  The president of the commission is responsible for investigating complaints. If a complaint is validated, the commission will attempt to conciliate the matter. If the commission cannot negotiate an agreement which is acceptable to the complainant, the complainant's only redress is through the Federal Court of Australia or through the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia. The commission also attempts to raise awareness about the obligations that individuals and organisations have under the Act.
Chen Shou
Chen Shou (Chinese: 陳壽; 233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚), was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is best known for his most celebrated work, the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), which records the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. Chen Shou wrote the Sanguozhi primarily in the form of biographies of notable persons of those eras. Today, Chen's Records of the Three Kingdoms is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.

Huang Hao
Huang Hao (fl. 220s–263) was a Chinese eunuch and politician serving under Liu Shan (r. 223–263), the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China. He gained the favour of Liu Shan and became highly influential.  He was able to promote his supporters and demote those who opposed him to the overall detriment of the good governance of the state.  When the leading Shu Han general  Jiang Wei sought to warn the emperor that an invasion by Cao Wei was imminent, Huang Hao, who believed in sorcery, advised the emperor that such an invasion would not happen.  As a result, the Shu Han state was not prepared for the Wei invasion of Shu forcing the emperor to surrender unconditionally in 263.
Saloum
The Kingdom of Saloum (Serer: Saluum or Saalum) was a Serer kingdom in present-day Senegal and parts of Gambia. The precolonial capital was the city of Kahone. Re-established in 2017, Saloum is now a non-sovereign traditional monarchy within Senegal. Its history, geography and culture is intricately linked with the sister state, the Kingdom of Sine, and it is common to refer to them as the Sine-Saloum or the Serer Kingdoms.

Mbegane Ndour
Maad Saloum Mbegane Ndour (Serer: Mbegaan Nduur or Mbeggaan Nduur), was the founder and first king of Saloum in present-day Senegal. He ruled using the Serer title Maad Saloum (king of Saloum in Serer, Bour Saloum in Wolof) from c. 1493 - 1513, and as Maad a Sinig (king of Sine) from c. 1506 or 1510 - presumably as regent. Born to a Serer father from Saloum, and a Serer princess of Sine, he belonged to the reigning Guelowar maternal dynasty of Sine and Saloum that ruled for over six-hundred years.
Force Research Unit
The Force Research Unit (FRU) was a covert military intelligence unit of the British Army's Intelligence Corps. It was established in 1980 during the Troubles to obtain intelligence from terrorist organisations in Northern Ireland by recruiting and running agents and informants. From 1987 to 1991, it was commanded by Gordon Kerr. The FRU was renamed to the Joint Support Group (JSG) following the Stevens Inquiries into allegations of collusion between the security forces and Protestant paramilitary groups.  The FRU was found to have colluded with loyalist paramilitaries by the Stevens Inquiries. This has been confirmed by some former members of the unit.

Joint Support Group
The Joint Support Group (JSG) is a covert military intelligence unit of the British Army Intelligence Corps. It was established in the early 2000s as Operation Banner concluded and following the Stevens Inquiry into allegations of collusion between the former Force Research Unit and Protestant paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland.

According to The Daily Telegraph, the JSG was later renamed the Defence Human Intelligence Unit (DHU).
QBittorrent
qBittorrent is a cross-platform free and open-source BitTorrent client written in native C++. It relies on Boost, OpenSSL, zlib, Qt 6 toolkit and the libtorrent-rasterbar library for the torrent back-end, with an optional search engine written in Python.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Kurokuma Falls
Kurokuma Falls (くろくまの滝, Kurokuma-no-taki) is a waterfall in the town of Ajigasawa, Higashitsugaru District Aomori Prefecture, Japan, on a tributary of the Akaishi River, which flows down from the World Heritage Site Shirakami Mountains. It is one of "Japan’s Top 100 Waterfalls", in a listing published by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment in 1990.

The shape of the falls is thought to resemble an image of Kannon Bosatsu with hands clasped in prayer, which had led the waterfall to be regarded as an object of religious veneration. However, the falls are also thought to resemble a standing bear, hence the literal translation of its name as “Black Bear Falls”.

Ajigasawa, Aomori
Ajigasawa (鰺ヶ沢町, Ajigasawa-machi) is a town located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2025, the town had an estimated population of 8,250 in 4282 households, and a population density of 24 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 343.08 square kilometres (132.46 sq mi).
Plaza Venezuela station
Plaza Venezuela is a Caracas Metro station on Lines 1 and 3. The Line 1 station was opened on 27 March 1983 as part of the extension of the line from La Hoyada to Chacaíto. The station is between Colegio de Ingenieros and Sabana Grande.

The Line 3 station was opened on 18 December 1994 as the northern terminus of the inaugural section of the line, from Plaza Venezuela to El Valle. The adjacent station is Ciudad Universitaria.

The name of the station originates from nearby Plaza Venezuela.

El Valle station
El Valle is a Caracas Metro station on Line 3. It was opened on 18 December 1994 as the southern terminus of the inaugural section of Line 3 from Plaza Venezuela to El Valle. The station is between La Bandera and Los Jardines. On 15 October 2006 the line was extended south to La Rinconada, but the intermediate stations were only opened on 9 January 2010.
Guzhangian
28°43′12″N 109°57′53″E﻿ / ﻿28.7200°N 109.9647°E﻿ / 28.7200; 109.9647
The Guzhangian is an uppermost stage of the Miaolingian Series of the Cambrian. It follows the Drumian Stage and precedes the Paibian Stage of the Furongian Series. The base is defined as the first appearance of the trilobite Lejopyge laevigata around 500.5 million years ago. The Guzhangian-Paibian boundary is marked by the first appearance of the trilobite Glyptagnostus reticulatus around 497 million years ago.

The name Guzhangian is derived from Guzhang County, Hunan Province, China.

Miaolingian
The Miaolingian or Mid-Late Cambrian is the third Series of the Cambrian Period, and was formally named in 2018. It lasted from about 506.5 to 497 million years ago and is divided in ascending order into 3 stages: the Wuliuan, Drumian, and Guzhangian. The Miaolingian is preceded by the unnamed Cambrian Series 2 and succeeded by the Furongian series.

It is named after the Miaoling Mountains in southeastern Guizhou Province, China.
Chamber (firearms)
The chamber of a firearm is the cavity at the back end of a breechloading weapon's barrel or cylinder, where the ammunition is inserted before being fired.  The rear opening of the chamber is the breech, and is sealed by the breechblock or the bolt.

Bolt (firearms)
A bolt is the part of a repeating, breechloading firearm that blocks the rear opening (breech) of the barrel chamber while the propellant burns, and moves back and forward to facilitate loading/unloading of cartridges from the magazine.  The firing pin and extractor are often integral parts of the bolt.  The terms "breechblock" and "bolt" are often used interchangeably or without a clear distinction, though usually, a bolt is a type of breechblock that has a nominally circular cross-section.

In most automatic firearms that use delayed blowback, recoil, or gas operation, the bolt itself is housed within the larger bolt carrier group (BCG), which contains additional parts that receives rearward push from a gas tube (direct impingement) or a gas piston (short-stroke or long-stroke piston) system. The slide of a self-loading pistol contains the same components and serves similar functions.
Type 79 submachine gun
The Type 79 (Chinese: 1979年式冲锋枪; pinyin: 1979 Niánshì Chōngfēng Qiāng; lit. '1979 Year Type Submachine Gun') but more commonly known as (Chinese: 79式冲锋枪; pinyin: 79 Shì Chōngfēng Qiāng; lit. '79 Type Submachine Gun') is the first generation indigenous submachine gun made in China. This development came in coincidence after the start of the Sino-Soviet split.

The submachine gun was certificated in 1979 and entered mass production in 1983.

QCW-05
The QCW-05 (Chinese: 轻武器-冲锋-微声-05; pinyin: Qīng wǔqì Chōngfēng Wēishēng 05; lit. 'Light weapon', 'Assault/Sub-machine gun', 'Suppressed 05', also referred to as the Type 05 Suppressed Submachine Gun) is a suppressed bullpup submachine gun, manufactured and developed by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) 208 Research Institute and Jianshe Industries (Group) Corporation of Chongqing under the China South Industries Group.
Bairiki
Bairiki is a town located in South Tarawa, Kiribati. It is crucial to the country's political and administrative structure as several governmental organizations and diplomatic missions are situated there.

Betio
Betio is the name of both an island and a township within the Tarawa Atoll, part of the Republic of Kiribati. Betio is the largest township of Kiribati's capital city, South Tarawa, and it is also the country's primary port. Betio is located at the far southwest corner of the atoll. The island is known for its historical significance during the Battle of Tarawa in World War 2.
Grey-crowned goldfinch
The grey-crowned goldfinch (Carduelis caniceps), also known as the eastern goldfinch, Himalayan goldfinch or the grey-capped goldfinch is a small passerine bird in the family Fringillidae that is distributed throughout Central Asia and the Himalayas.

European goldfinch
The European goldfinch or simply the goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) is a small passerine bird in the finch family that is native to the Palearctic zone in Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia. It has been introduced to other areas, including Australia, New Zealand, Uruguay and the United States.

The breeding male has a red face with black markings around the eyes, and a black-and-white head. Its back and flanks are buff or chestnut brown. Its black wings feature a broad yellow bar. Its tail is black and its rump is white. Males and females are very similar, but females have a slightly smaller red area on their face.

The goldfinch is often depicted in Italian Renaissance paintings of the Madonna and Child.
Kona grosbeak
The Kona grosbeak (Chloridops kona) is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper.  The Kona grosbeak was endemic to naio (Myoporum sandwicense) forests on ʻaʻā lava flows at elevations of 1,400–1,500 metres (4,600–4,900 ft) near the Kona District on the island of Hawaii. The species was already very rare when it was first discovered, being found in only about 10 square kilometres (3.9 sq mi), and was last collected in 1894. The reasons for its extinction are not very well known. The genus is known from fossils from Kauai, Oahu and Maui.  It was unknown to the Native Hawaiians, and thus a name for it does not exist in the Hawaiian language.

Hawaiian honeycreeper
Hawaiʻian honeycreepers are a group of small birds endemic to Hawaiʻi. They are members of the finch family Fringillidae, closely related to the rosefinches (Carpodacus), but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any other finch. Their great morphological diversity is the result of adaptive radiation in an insular environment. Many have been driven to extinction since the first humans arrived in Hawaiʻi, with extinctions increasing over the last two centuries following European discovery of the islands, with habitat destruction and especially invasive species being the main causes.
Etidocaine
Etidocaine, marketed under the trade name Duranest, is an amide-type local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Etidocaine has a long duration of activity, and the main disadvantage of use during dentistry is increased bleeding during surgery.

Local anesthetic
A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes unconsciousness. Local anesthetics are most commonly used to eliminate pain during or after surgery. When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block), paralysis (loss of muscle function) also can be induced.
Susan Stamberg
Susan Phoebe Stamberg (née Levitt; September 7, 1938 – October 16, 2025) was an American radio journalist. She was co-host of NPR's flagship program All Things Considered from 1972 to 1986. In that role Stamberg was the first female host of a national news broadcast. She was considered one of NPR's "Founding Mothers" along with Nina Totenberg, Linda Wertheimer, and Cokie Roberts. She worked for NPR in a variety of roles, including as a special correspondent, until her retirement in 2025.

Weekend Edition
Weekend Edition is a set of American radio news magazine programs produced and distributed by National Public Radio (NPR). It is the weekend counterpart to the NPR radio program Morning Edition. It consists of Weekend Edition Saturday and Weekend Edition Sunday, each of which airs for two hours, from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Eastern time, with refeeds until 2:00 p.m. Weekend Edition Saturday is hosted by Scott Simon. Weekend Edition Sunday is hosted by Ayesha Rascoe.

The programs feature longer stories than most NPR news magazines, and more arts and culture stories.
Boris Groys
Boris Efimovich Groys (born 19 March 1947) is an art critic, media theorist, and philosopher. He is currently a global distinguished professor of Russian and Slavic studies at New York University and senior research fellow at the Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design in Karlsruhe, Germany. He has been a professor of aesthetics, art history, and media theory at the Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design/Center for Art and Media in Karlsruhe and an internationally acclaimed professor at a number of universities in the United States and Europe, including the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Southern California and the Courtauld Institute of Art London.

Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design
The Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design (HfG) is a state art college founded in 1992 in Karlsruhe, Germany. It focuses on media art, communication design, product design, exhibition design and scenography, art research, and media philosophy, with a strong interdisciplinarity between the departments. The university has about 400 students.
Terry Matthews
Sir Terence Hedley Matthews OC OBE FREng FIET (born 6 June 1943) is a Welsh-Canadian business magnate, serial high-tech entrepreneur, and Wales's first billionaire. He was the richest man in Wales until 2012, when he was surpassed by Sir Michael Moritz.

He has founded or funded over 100 companies in the high-tech communications field, most notably Mitel and Newbridge Networks. He is the chairman of Wesley Clover and the Swansea Bay City Region board. He owns the Celtic Manor Resort, KRP Properties, the Brookstreet Hotel, and the Marshes Golf Club.

Mitel
Mitel Networks Corporation is a Canadian telecommunications company. The company previously produced TDM PBX systems and applications, but after a change in ownership in 2001, now focuses almost entirely on Voice-over-IP (VoIP), unified communications, collaboration and contact center products. Mitel is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, with offices, partners and resellers worldwide.

In April 2018, the company announced it had been bought by an investor group led by Searchlight Capital Partners. In March 2025, the ownership of Mitel shifted from Searchlight Capital Partners to its lenders.
Zenith (film)
Zenith (also styled as Zenith - A Film by Anonymous) is a 2010 American psychological thriller directed by  Vladan Nikolic and starring Peter Scanavino, Jason Robards III, and Ana Asensio. The screenplay concerns two men attempting to solve the same conspiracy theory. The title refers to a grand 'Zenith Conspiracy' formed by the film's protagonist, Ed Crowley. The film also utilizes an alternate reality game and transmedia storytelling to augment its narrative.

Zenith premiered at The IFC Center in New York City on October 1, 2010, and had an extended run in January 2011 at the Kraine Theatre with its distribution company, Cinema Purgatorio. All three parts have been made available as a free-to-share download at the BitTorrent powered distribution site VODO.

VODO
VODO was an online media distributor offering films, books, games and music under pay-what-you-want pricing models. Founded by film director Jamie King, VODO has recently focused on bundle offers, bringing together a variety of creators under the themes of H.P. Lovecraft, Big Brother (surveillance and privacy), NSFW (sex positive culture), Otherworlds (sci-fi) and Really Creepy (indie horror).

VODO's background is in distribution of film under Creative Commons licenses, using the BitTorrent protocol. Filmmakers can upload films on the site and selected works are also promoted on third-party sites and services such as the Butter Project, μTorrent and The Pirate Bay.

Past releases include sci-fi series Pioneer One, The Yes Men Fix the World and Zenith. Users are encouraged to donate after watching the films, and the highest earning to date has received almost $100,000.