hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg
Pavlovsk (Russian: Па́вловск "[the town] of Pavel" after Emperor Pavel (Paul) of Russia) is a municipal town in Pushkinsky District in the suburban part of the federal city of Saint Petersburg, Russia, located 30 kilometers (19 mi) south from Saint Petersburg proper and about 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) southeast from Pushkin. Population: 16,087 (2010 census). Known since the late 18th century, when Saint Petersburg was the capital of Russian Empire, as a countryside residence of Russian royal family commissioned creation of the town's landmark -palace with a large park, now parts of its federal museum reserve.

The town developed around the Pavlovsk Palace, a major residence of the Russian imperial family. Between 1918 and 1944, its official name was Slutsk, after the revolutionary Vera Slutskaya, and then was changed back to Pavlovsk. Pavlovsk is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments".

Slavyanka (river)
The Slavyanka (Russian: Славя́нка) is a river in Leningrad Oblast of Russia. It is a left tributary of the Neva. It is 39 kilometres (24 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 249 square kilometres (96 sq mi).

The river begins in swamps 9 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Pavlovsk, and flows northeast towards Pavlovsk, where it passes through the parks surrounding the large Pavlovsk Palace. It then continues north, and flows into the Neva in the Rybatskoye area of Saint Petersburg. At the mouth the river is about 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) deep. The Slavyanka is a typical slow-moving lowland river.
Glass production
Glass production involves two main methods – the float glass process that produces sheet glass, and glassblowing that produces bottles and other containers. It has been done in a variety of ways during the history of glass.

Float glass
Float glass is a sheet of glass made by floating molten glass on a bed of molten metal of a low melting point, typically tin, although lead was used for the process in the past. This method gives the sheet uniform thickness and a very flat surface. The float glass process is also known as the Pilkington process, named after the British glass manufacturer Pilkington, which pioneered the technique in the 1950s at their production site in St Helens, Merseyside.

Modern windows are usually made from float glass, though Corning Incorporated uses the overflow downdraw method.

Most float glass is soda–lime glass, although relatively minor quantities of specialty borosilicate and flat panel display glass are also produced using the float glass process.
R. Norris Williams
Richard "Dick" Norris Williams II (January 29, 1891 – June 2, 1968), generally known as R. Norris Williams, was an American tennis player and passenger aboard RMS Titanic. He survived the sinking of the Titanic. He won the U.S. National Tennis Championships in men's singles in 1914 and 1916. He was ranked the U.S. No. 1 player for 1916 by the USLTA, and world No. 2 for 1914.

Duane Williams
Charles Duane Williams (August 11, 1860  – April 15, 1912) was an American lawyer who was fundamental in founding the International Tennis Federation. He and his son were passengers aboard RMS Titanic when it sank; Williams died, while his son survived.
A Merrie Christmas to You
A Merrie Christmas to You is the fourteenth studio album, and the first Christmas album, released by Canadian country rock band Blue Rodeo on November 4, 2014. It contains eight covers of Christmas songs, along with two originals by Greg Keelor and Jim Cuddy. One original song, "Glad to Be Alive", was previously recorded on Blue Rodeo's 2002 album Palace of Gold.

With a total duration of 36 minutes and one second, A Merrie Christmas to You has the shortest runtime of any Blue Rodeo studio album.

Palace of Gold (album)
Palace of Gold is the ninth studio album by the Canadian country rock band Blue Rodeo. It is the band's first album with guitarist Bob Egan, formerly of Freakwater and Wilco, and is notable for performances featuring the Bushwhack Horns.
T. R. Pappa
Thiruthuraipoondi Radhakrishnan Sivasankaran (T. R. Pappa) (3 July 1922 – 15 October 2004) was an Indian music director of Tamil, Telugu and Sinhalese films. He was born in 1923 at Thiruthuraipoondi, Madras Presidency, British India.

Sirkazhi Govindarajan
Sirkazhi Govindarajan (19 January 1933 – 24 March 1988) was a Carnatic vocalist and a playback singer of Indian cinema, predominantly in Tamil cinema.  He was conferred the Padma Shri award by the Government of India.
Vesime
Vesime is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 683 and an area of 13.5 square kilometres (5.2 mi2).

Vesime borders the following municipalities: Castino, Cessole, Cossano Belbo, Perletto, Roccaverano, Rocchetta Belbo, and San Giorgio Scarampi.

Perletto
Perletto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 65.93 kilometres (40.97 mi) southeast of Turin and about 58.18 kilometres (36.15 mi) northeast of Cuneo.
2018 Moroccan Throne Cup
The 2018 Moroccan Throne Cup was the 62nd staging of the Moroccan Throne Cup, the knockout football tournament in Morocco. The winners were assured a place for the 2018–19 CAF Confederation Cup.

The 2018 Moroccan Throne Cup Final played at the Prince Moulay Abdellah Stadium in Rabat, on 18 November 2018. Nahdat Berkane winning their 1st title.

2017–18 Botola Pro
The 2017–18 Botola, also known as Botola Maroc Telecom for sponsorship reasons, is the 61st season of the Premier League and the 7th under its new format of Moroccan Pro League, the top Moroccan professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1956. The season started on 8 September 2017 and ended on 21 May 2018.

Wydad Athletic Club came into the season as defending champions of the 2016–17 season. Rapide Oued Zem and Racing de Casablanca entered as the two promoted teams from the 2016–17 GNF 2.

On May 12, 2018, IR Tanger won the Botola Pro after a 2-1 victory against Moghreb Tétouan. The IR Tanger club won the championship for the first time after being runner-up to the title in 1989-90 season.
Stratonice (wife of Melaneus)
In Greek mythology, Stratonice (Ancient Greek: Στρατoνίκη from στρατός "army" and νίκη "victory") was a Calydonian princess as the daughter of King Porthaon and Laothoe. She was the sister of Eurythemiste and Sterope.

Porthaon
In Greek mythology, Porthaon (Ancient Greek: Πορθάων, genitive Πορθάονος), sometimes referred to as Parthaon or Portheus (seems related to the verb portheō and perthō, "destroy'), was a king of Calydon and son of Agenor or Ares by Epicaste and thus brother of Demonice (also known as Demodice) and possibly Thestius.
Southampton Parish, Bermuda
Southampton Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. It is named for Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton (1573-1624).

It is located in the southwest of the island chain, occupying all of the western part of the main island, except for the westernmost tip (which is part of Sandys Parish). It includes the chain's southernmost point, and its north coast comprises much of the coast of the Little Sound (an arm of the  Great Sound, the large expanse of water which dominates the geography of western Bermuda). in the east it is joined to Warwick Parish. As with most of Bermuda's parishes, it covers just over 2.3 square miles (about 6.0 km2 or 1500 acres). It had a population of 6,421 in 2016.

Natural features in Southampton include Whale Bay, Church Bay, Horseshoe Bay, and Riddell's Bay.

Other notable features of Southampton include the Whale Bay Fort, and Gibbs Hill Lighthouse, which stands on the chain's highest point.

Church Bay, Bermuda
Church Bay is a bay with an accompanying beach in Southampton Parish, Bermuda. It serves as a popular snorkelling destination for locals.

There is a reef close to the shore, and fish including parrotfish gather in the bay. The beach is small and rocky.
Kalaimamani
The Kalaimamani (lit. 'Jewel of Arts') is the highest civilian award in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. These awards are given by the Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram (literature, music and theatre), a unit of the Directorate of Art and Culture, Government of Tamil Nadu, to recognise artists in the state for their achievements.

The Tamil Nadu government has appointed dancer Chitra Visweswaran as the secretary of Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Manram. Film music director Deva is its chairman.

Silambarasan
Silambarasan Tesingu Rajendar (born 3 February 1983), popularly known as Simbu or by his initials as STR, is an Indian actor, producer,director and playback singer who primarily works in Tamil cinema. He is a recipient of two Edison Awards and three SIIMA Awards.

He is the eldest son of actor/director T. Rajendar. He began his acting career by playing roles as a child artist in films directed by his father, before his first lead role in his father's Kadhal Azhivathillai (2002).

In 2004, he starred in Manmadhan which was a huge success and became a turning point in his acting career. He went on to star in several commercially successful films such as Saravana (2006), Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa (2010), Vaanam (2011), Achcham Yenbadhu Madamaiyada (2016), Chekka Chivantha Vaanam (2018) and Maanaadu (2021).
2008 MLS SuperDraft
The 2008 MLS SuperDraft took place on January 18, 2008 in Baltimore, Maryland.  It was the ninth annual Major League Soccer SuperDraft. The first selection was made by the Kansas City Wizards, after acquiring the selection from the expansion San Jose Earthquakes.  It was followed by the Supplemental Draft.

2007 MLS SuperDraft
The 2007 MLS SuperDraft was held in Indianapolis, Indiana on January 12, 2007.  It was the eighth annual Major League Soccer SuperDraft. The first selection belonged to expansion team Toronto FC.

The SuperDraft was followed by the 2007 MLS Supplemental Draft.
Omega−9 fatty acid
Omega−9 fatty acids (ω−9 fatty acids or n−9 fatty acids) are a family of unsaturated fatty acids which have in common a final carbon–carbon double bond in the omega−9 position; that is, the ninth bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid.

Unlike omega−3 fatty acids and omega−6 fatty acids, omega−9 fatty acids are not classed as essential fatty acids (EFA). This is both because they can be created by the human body from unsaturated fat, and are therefore not essential in the diet, and because the lack of an omega−6 double bond keeps them from participating in the reactions that form the eicosanoids.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
CT Transit New Britain & Bristol
CT New Britain Division and CT Bristol Division is one division of Connecticut Transit that collectively provides local bus service to four towns in the Central Connecticut Region with connections to CT Transit Hartford Division in downtown New Britain, downtown Bristol, along the Berlin Turnpike, at UConn Health, at Tunxis Community College, CT Transit Waterbury Division and Middletown Area Transit in Cromwell. Service in both divisions operates daily (including major holidays) along 13 routes.

CT Transit
CT Transit (styled as CTtransit) is a public transportation bus system serving many metropolitan areas and their surrounding suburbs in the state of Connecticut. CT Transit is a division of the Connecticut Department of Transportation, although it contracts a number of private companies for most of its operations. CT Transit began operations in 1976 as Connecticut Transit after the Connecticut DOT's acquisition of the Connecticut Company. Initially serving only the Hartford, New Haven, and Stamford areas, CT Transit's service now extends throughout much of Connecticut. CT Transit provides local "city bus" service in Bristol, Hartford, Meriden, New Britain, New Haven, Stamford, Wallingford and Waterbury in addition to a number of express routes connecting to outlying suburbs and other regions of the state.

In 2015, CT Transit began operation of CT Fastrak, the first bus rapid transit system in Connecticut and second in New England.
Brooklyn Visual Heritage
Brooklyn Visual Heritage is an online digital history website resource produced by Project CHART, presenting historical 19th and 20th century photographs of Brooklyn, New York City, held by several cultural institutions.

Project CHART was a collaboration between the Pratt Institute School of Information and Library Science (SILS), Brooklyn Historical Society, Brooklyn Public Library, and Brooklyn Museum. The three-year project was funded by the US Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) through a grant submitted by Tula Giannini and the Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program. It made use of Pratt Institute SILS masters students. The website was launched publicly in 2013.

Center for Brooklyn History
The Center for Brooklyn History (CBH, formerly known as the Brooklyn Historical Society) is a museum, library, and educational center founded in 1863 that preserves and encourages the study of Brooklyn's 400-year history. The center's Romanesque Revival building, located at Pierrepont and Clinton Streets in Brooklyn Heights, was designed by George B. Post and built in 1878–1881 by David H. King Jr., is a National Historic Landmark and part of New York City's Brooklyn Heights Historic District. The CBH houses materials relating to the history of Brooklyn and its people, and hosts exhibitions which draw over 9,000 members a year. In addition to general programming, the CBH serves over 70,000 public school students and teachers annually by providing exhibit tours, educational programs and curricula, and making its professional staff available for instruction and consultation.
Marlow Lagoon
Marlow Lagoon is an outer western suburb of Palmerston 24 km SE of the Darwin CBD. Its local government area is the City of Palmerston. Marlow Lagoon is bounded to the west by the Adelaide-Darwin Railway, and to the east by Elrundie Ave.  It is on the traditional Country and waterways of the Larrakia people.

The suburb is named after Joseph Marlow, a railway maintenance worker who had an interest in an agricultural lease (no. 213) spanning the nearby peninsula between Berrimah and Palmerston.

Palmerston, Northern Territory
Palmerston is a planned satellite city of Darwin, the capital and largest city of Australia's Northern Territory. The city is situated approximately 20 kilometres from the Darwin central business district and 10 kilometres from Howard Springs and the surrounding rural areas. Palmerston had a population of 33,695 at the 2016 census, making it the second largest city in the Northern Territory. According to the 2021 census, the population grew to 37,247 people.

There are eighteen suburbs in Palmerston, ten of which are close to the Palmerston city centre. Palmerston is mostly residential with two light industrial areas in the north of the city.
Chanzeaux
Chanzeaux (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃zo] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department of western France.

On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d'Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry and Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.

Valanjou
Valanjou (French pronunciation: [valɑ̃ʒu] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d'Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry and Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.
Gumbinnen (region)
Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen (German pronunciation: [gʊmˈbɪnən]) was a Regierungsbezirk, or government region, of the Prussian province of East Prussia from 1808 until 1945. The regional capital was Gumbinnen (Gusev).

Chernyakhovsk
Chernyakhovsk (Russian: Черняхо́вск; German: Insterburg; Lithuanian: Įsrutis; Polish: Wystruć) is a town in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, and the administrative center of Chernyakhovsky District. With a population of 35,705 as of 2023, it is the third-largest city of the Kaliningrad Oblast (behind Kaliningrad and Sovetsk).

It is located at the confluence of the Instruch and Angrapa rivers, which unite to become the Pregolya river below Chernyakhovsk.

Founded in 1337, it is one of the main towns of the region of Lithuania Minor. It was formerly inhabited by Lithuanians, Germans, Poles, Scots and French. It was the location of a German-operated prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs during World War II. It has a number of preserved heritage sights, including the ruins of two medieval castles and a historic stud farm. It hosts the Chernyakhovsk Air Base.
Pava (Puerto Rico)
A pava is a straw hat made out of the leaves of the Puerto Rican hat palm. It is normally associated with the Puerto Rican jíbaro and also a symbol used by politicians with the Popular Democratic Party (PPD).

Jíbaro (Puerto Rico)
Jíbaro (Spanish: [ˈxiβaɾo]) is a word used in Puerto Rico to refer to the countryside people who farm the land in a traditional way. The jíbaro is a self-subsistence farmer, and an iconic reflection of the Puerto Rican people. Traditional jíbaros were also farmer-salesmen who would grow enough crops to sell in the towns near their farms to purchase the bare necessities for their families, such as clothing.

In contemporary times, both white-collar and blue-collar Puerto Ricans are identifying themselves as jíbaros in a proud connection with their Puerto Rican history and culture in general.
Rob Weingartner
Rob Weingartner is an American former professional ice hockey player and coach. He coached the Wichita Thunder of the Central Hockey League for the 2007–08 season and the Wichita Junior Thunder of the Western States Hockey League from 2012 to 2019. On April 8, 2020, Weingartner was named the head coach of the Florida Jr. Blades of the United States Premier Hockey League's Premier Division.

Weingartner's jersey number, 15, is retired by the Wichita Thunder.

Wichita Thunder
The Wichita Thunder are a minor league hockey team based in Wichita, Kansas. The team played in the Central Hockey League from 1992 until 2014, and then in the ECHL since the 2014–15 season. From 1992 until December 2009, the Thunder played in the Britt Brown Arena located in the northern Wichita suburb of Park City. In January 2010 (the second half of the 2009–10 season), the team began playing its home games at the newly built Intrust Bank Arena. The Thunder are currently the ECHL affiliate of the San Jose Sharks.
California League
The California League is a Minor League Baseball league that operates in California. Having been classified at various levels throughout its existence, it operated at Class A-Advanced from 1990 until its demotion to Single-A following Major League Baseball's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues. The league temporarily operated for the 2021 season as the Low-A West before re-assuming its original moniker in 2022.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, league attendance continued to increase each season, with over one million fans attending games per year, part of a general nationwide growth and expansion to smaller towns, cities, and regions below those in the National League or American League with Minor League Baseball at various levels of play in growing popularity in the last few decades.

San Jose Prune Pickers
The San Jose Prune Pickers (also called the Bears, Fullers, Brewers, Dukes, Athletics and simply San Jose Baseball Club) were a minor league baseball team located in San Jose, California. They competed in the California League and its various offshoots and predecessors on and off from 1885 through 1915.

The city would later be represented in the minor leagues by the San Jose Red Sox and San Jose Giants.
Turnpike trusts in the East of England
This is a list of turnpike trusts that maintained roads in the East of England.

Between 1663 and 1836, the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a series of acts of Parliament that created organisations – turnpike trusts – that collected road tolls, and used the money to repair the road. These applied to major roads, around a fifth of the road network. The turnpike system was phased out in the 1870s, and major roads transitioned in the 1880s to the maintenance of the new county councils.

The counties used for these lists are the historic counties of England that existed at the time of the turnpike trusts. This article lists those in the east of England: Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk and Suffolk.

Turnpike trust
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. At the peak, in the 1830s, over 1,000 trusts  administered around 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of turnpike road in England and Wales, taking tolls at almost 8,000 toll-gates and side-bars.

During the early 19th century the concept of the turnpike trust was adopted and adapted to manage roads within the British Empire (Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, and South Africa) and in the United States.

Turnpikes declined with the coming of the railways and then the Local Government Act 1888 gave responsibility for maintaining main roads to county councils and county borough councils.
Daman District, Afghanistan
31°12′N 65°48′E﻿ / ﻿31.2°N 65.8°E﻿ / 31.2; 65.8
Daman District is situated in the central part of the Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. It borders Panjwai and Kandahar districts to the west, Shah Wali Kot District to the north, Zabul Province to the northeast, Arghistan and Spin Boldak districts to the east and Reg District to the south. The population is 30,700 (2006). The center is the village of Daman, located in the central part of the district.  The area is irrigated by the Helmand and Arghandab Valley Authority.

The Kandahar International Airport is in the central part of the district, South-West from Daman. The district is currently being focused by USAID and CIDA where hundreds of projects are being implemented.

Shah Wali Kot District
32°06′N 66°00′E﻿ / ﻿32.1°N 66.0°E﻿ / 32.1; 66.0

Shah Wali Kot District (Pashto: شاه ولي کوټ ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی شاه ولی کوت) is situated in the northern part of Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. It borders Khakrez District to the west, Naish District and Oruzgan Province to the north, Zabul Province to the east and Daman and Arghandab districts to the south. The population is 38,400 (2006). The district center is located in the most southern part of the district. The district has been known as a stronghold of the Taliban forces.