hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leigh syndrome
Leigh syndrome (also called Leigh disease and subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder that affects the central nervous system. It is named after Archibald Denis Leigh, a British neuropsychiatrist who first described the condition in 1951. Normal levels of thiamine, thiamine monophosphate, and thiamine diphosphate are commonly found, but there is a reduced or absent level of thiamine triphosphate. This is thought to be caused by a blockage in the enzyme thiamine-diphosphate kinase, and therefore treatment in some patients would be to take thiamine triphosphate daily. While the majority of patients typically exhibit symptoms between the ages of 3 and 12 months, instances of adult onset have also been documented.

Cytochrome c oxidase
The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was EC 1.9.3.1, now reclassified as a translocase EC 7.1.1.9) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria, archaea, and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.

It is the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain of cells located in the membrane. It receives an electron from each of four cytochrome c proteins and transfers them to one oxygen molecule and four protons, producing two molecules of water. In addition to binding the four protons from the inner aqueous phase, it transports another four protons across the membrane, increasing the transmembrane difference of proton electrochemical potential, which the ATP synthase then uses to synthesize ATP.
William Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley (16 July 1772 – 25 August 1838) was an Anglo-Irish noble and British Member of Parliament.

Lord Annesley was the eldest son of Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley and Anne Lambert. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He married Lady Isabella St. Lawrence, a daughter of William St. Lawrence, 2nd Earl of Howth on 19 May 1803 and with her had one daughter:

Lady Mary Annesley (c. 1810–1837)

Lord Annesley divorced Lady Isabella St. Lawrence by Act of Parliament in 1821. He then married Priscilla Cecilia Moore on 15 July 1828, with her having six sons:

William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley (1830–1874)

Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley (1831–1908)

The Hon. Robert John Annesley (1834–1854)

The Hon. Arthur Annesley (1835–1881)

The Hon. George Annesley (1837–1903)

The Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley (1838–1875)

He was High Sheriff of Down for 1822.

High Sheriff of Down
The High Sheriff of Down is the Sovereign's judicial representative in County Down. Initially an office for lifetime, assigned by the Sovereign, the High Sheriff became annually appointed from the Provisions of Oxford in 1258. Besides his judicial importance, he has ceremonial and administrative functions and executes High Court Writs.
Richard Roach Jewell
Richard Roach Jewell (1810–1891) was an architect who designed many of the important public buildings in Perth, Western Australia, during the latter half of the nineteenth century. He was employed to supervise many major building projects around England, churches in Bristol, Cardiff, Clifton, Eye, Horsley and Stroudswater. As well as churches he also supervised construction of Stanstead College, a military prison in Gosport and fortifications at Portland Castle and Southsea Castle. He was also employed as a clerk of works in the offices of Charles Barry.

Holy Trinity Church, York, Western Australia
Holy Trinity Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church on the corner of Newcastle and Pool Streets, in York, Western Australia. The church was consecrated in 1858 by the first Anglican Bishop of Perth, Mathew Blagden Hale.
The End...
The End... is the fourth studio album by German musician Nico, released in November 1974 through the label Island. It was recorded in summer 1974 at Sound Techniques studio in London and produced by John Cale.

Phil Manzanera
Phillip Geoffrey Targett-Adams (born 31 January 1951), known professionally as Phil Manzanera, is an English musician, songwriter and record producer. He is the lead guitarist with Roxy Music, and was the lead guitarist with 801 and Quiet Sun. In 2006, Manzanera co-produced David Gilmour's album On an Island, and played in Gilmour's band for tours in Europe and North America.
Perivitellin-2
Perivitellin-2 (PV2) is a pore-forming toxin present in the egg perivitelline fluid of the apple snails Pomacea maculata (PmPV2) and Pomacea canaliculata (PcPV2). This protein, called perivitellin, is massively accumulated in the eggs (~20 % total protein). As a toxin PV2 protects eggs from predators, but it also nourishes the developing snail embryos.

AB toxin
The AB toxins are two-component protein complexes secreted by a number of pathogenic bacteria, though there is a pore-forming AB toxin found in the eggs of a snail. They can be classified as Type III toxins because they interfere with internal cell function. They are named AB toxins due to their components: the "A" component is usually the "active" portion, and the "B" component is usually the "binding" portion. The "A" subunit possesses enzyme activity, and is transferred to the host cell following a conformational change in the membrane-bound transport "B" subunit.
Palloptera ustulata
Palloptera ustulata is a species of fly in the family Pallopteridae. It is found in the  Palearctic The wings are diffusely shaded brown with a darker tip. The back of the head is largely black.The face and antennae are yellow.The thorax is black with a fairly long whitish pilosity (also found on the yellow abdomen).The legs, tarsi and halteres are yellowish.Long. : 4 mm.The larvae develop under the bark of deciduous trees.

It is part of a species complex and difficult to determine with certainty.

Pallopteridae
Pallopteridae is a family of flies. The various species are collectively called flutter-wing flies, trembling-wing, or waving-wing flies, because of the striking vibration of the wings in many species. Over 70 species in about 15 genera are found in the temperate regions of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Schweizer S300
The Schweizer S300 series (formerly the Hughes 300, Schweizer 300, and Sikorsky S-300 series) is a family of light utility helicopters originally produced by Hughes Helicopters, as a development of the Hughes 269. Later manufactured by Schweizer Aircraft, and currently produced by Schweizer RSG, the basic design has been in production for over 60 years. The piston-powered S300 series features single three-bladed rotors; these helicopters tend to be used as a cost-effective platform for training and agriculture.

Hughes Helicopters
Hughes Helicopters was a major manufacturer of military and civilian helicopters from the 1950s to the 1980s.

The company began in 1947, as a unit of Hughes Aircraft, then was part of the Hughes Tool Company after 1955. It became the Hughes Helicopter Division, Summa Corporation in 1972, and was reformed as Hughes Helicopters, Inc. in 1981. However, throughout its history, the company was informally known as "Hughes Helicopters". It was sold to McDonnell Douglas in 1984 and made a subsidiary under the name McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Systems, which was later renamed MD Helicopters when McDonnell Douglas merged with Boeing.
Gambia River
The Gambia River (formerly known as the River Gambra, French: Fleuve Gambie, Portuguese: Rio Gâmbia) is a major river in West Africa, running 1,120 kilometres (700 mi) from the Fouta Djallon plateau in north Guinea westward through Senegal and The Gambia to the Atlantic Ocean at the city of Banjul.  It is navigable for about half that length.

The river is strongly associated with The Gambia, the smallest country in mainland Africa, which occupies the downstream half of the river and its two banks.

Upper River Division
Upper River was one of the five Divisions of the Gambia. Its capital was Basse Santa Su. It was subsequently reorganised as the Basse Local Government Area, without any change in the area covered.

Per 2013 census, the region had a population of 239,916 with a population density of 116. The total number of households was 12,454 as of 2003. As of 2003, the total area of the region is 2069.5 km2. The infant mortality rate was 82 for every thousand births and the under-five mortality was 110 per every thousand births. The poverty gap ratio was 25.9 per cent as of 2003 and the literacy rate was 49.5 per cent.
J. J. Jackson (media personality)
John Julian "J. J." Jackson III was an American radio and television personality. He was one of MTV's five original VJs (along with Nina Blackwood, Mark Goodman, Alan Hunter, and Martha Quinn). In his appearances on MTV, Jackson often went by and introduced himself as "Triple J."

Mark Goodman
Mark Goodman (born October 11, 1952) is an American radio host, TV personality and actor. He is best known as one of the original five video jockeys (VJs), along with Nina Blackwood, Alan Hunter, J. J. Jackson, and Martha Quinn, on the music network MTV, from 1981 to 1987.
Chhatna Chandidas Mahavidyalaya
Chhatna Chandidas Mahavidyalaya, established in 2007, is the general degree college at Ghoramuli, Chhatna, Bankura district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to Bankura University.

Bankura University
Bankura University is a public state university in Bankura, West Bengal, India. It was established by an Act of the West Bengal legislature. It currently offers courses at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Roseau County, Minnesota
Roseau County (/roʊˈzoʊ/) is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota, along the Canada–U.S. border. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,331. Its county seat is Roseau. Roseau County borders the Canadian province of Manitoba.

Part of the Red Lake Indian Reservation is in Roseau County.

Spruce Township, Roseau County, Minnesota
Spruce Township is a township in Roseau County, Minnesota, United States.  The population of the township was 614 at the 2000 census.  The unincorporated community of Mandus is located within Spruce Township.

Spruce Township was named for groves of spruce trees within its borders.
Cuban sandwich
A Cuban sandwich (Spanish: Sándwich cubano) is a variation of a ham and cheese sandwich that likely originated before the turn of the 20th century in cafes catering to Cuban workers in Tampa or Key West, two early Cuban immigrant communities in Florida centered on the cigar industry. Later on, Cuban exiles and expatriates brought it to Miami, where it is also very popular. The sandwich is made with ham, roast pork, Swiss cheese, pickles, mustard, and sometimes salami on Cuban bread. Salami is included in Tampa, but is not usually included in South Florida.

The Cuban sandwich is at the center of a long-running friendly rivalry between Miami and Tampa. As part of that rivalry, the "Historic Tampa Cuban Sandwich" was designated the "signature sandwich of the city of Tampa" by the Tampa City Council in 2012.

Ham sandwich
The ham sandwich is a type of sandwich with ham as a primary ingredient. The bread may be fresh or toasted, and it can be made with a variety of toppings including cheese and vegetables like lettuce, tomato, onion or pickle slices. Various kinds of mustard and mayonnaise are also common.

The main components of a ham sandwich—sliced bread and sliced cooked ham—are readily available in Western supermarkets. As a result, they are a common component of packed lunches due to their ease of preparation and consumption.
Deledda Museum
The Deledda Museum, called also Museo Deleddiano in italian, is the birthplace of the italian author and 1926 literature Nobel prize Grazia Deledda at Nuoro, Sardinia, and today dedicated to her memory.

Istituto superiore regionale etnografico
The Istituto superiore regionale etnografico (ISRE; English: Sardinian Regional Institute of Ethnography) is an institution based in Nuoro (Sardinia), established in 1972 by the Regional Council of Sardinia.
Whitegate, Cheshire
Whitegate is a small village in Cheshire, England, near the towns of Northwich and Winsford. It is in the civil parish of Whitegate and Marton, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester.

At its centre is an ancient Anglican church. Nearby Vale Royal Abbey was once the largest Cistercian abbey church in Britain.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Bad Gyal
Alba Farelo i Solé (Catalan: [ˈalβə fəˈɾɛlu suˈle]; born 7 March 1997), known professionally as Bad Gyal, is a Spanish singer and songwriter. Bad Gyal has developed a strong cult following ever since her musical career began in 2016, with an interpretation of Rihanna's "Work" in the Catalan language. She continued to make music as an independent artist, releasing records like "Jacaranda" and "Fiebre". Bad Gyal later released two mixtapes: Slow Wine (2016) and Worldwide Angel (2018), which established her as an emerging artist within the Spanish urban scene.

Bad Gyal signed with Interscope Records and Aftercluv in 2019 and saw mainstream acclaim with songs like "Santa María", "Zorra" and "Alocao", the latter becoming the number-one song in Spain for 2019. 2021 saw the release of her first project as a signed artist Warm Up, and Sound System: The Final Releases. Her debut album, La joia, was released in 2024.

Perdió este culo
"Perdió Este Culo" (Spanish for "He Lost This Ass") is a song recorded by Spanish singer-songwriter Bad Gyal. It was released, along with the album, on 26 January 2024 as the eighth and final single from Bad Gyal's debut studio album, La joia (2024), through Universal Music Latino and Interscope Records. Lyrically, the song reminds an ex-lover "what he's missing out on." A music video directed by Félix Bollaín and starring Spanish actor Martiño Rivas was released for the song. The song peaked at number 15 in Spain.

On 24 May 2024, a remixed version of the single titled "Perdió" (English: "He Lost") featuring Puerto Rican rapper Ivy Queen was released with an accompanying music video. The remix features different harmonies, ad-libs and additional bars from Ivy Queen, in-place of the original track's final bars.
Fifth and Madison Avenues buses
The M1, M2, M3, and M4 are four local bus routes that operate along the one-way pair of Madison and Fifth Avenues in the borough of Manhattan in New York City between Greenwich Village and Harlem.

The routes are the successors to the New York and Harlem Railroad's Fourth and Madison Avenues Line, which began operations in 1832 as the first street railway in the world, and several lines of the Fifth Avenue Coach Company, a bus operator that started running on Fifth Avenue in 1886.

Park Avenue
Park Avenue is a boulevard in New York City that carries north and southbound traffic in the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx. For most of the road's length in Manhattan, it runs parallel to Madison Avenue to the west and Lexington Avenue to the east. Park Avenue's entire length was formerly called Fourth Avenue; the title still applies to the section between Cooper Square and 14th Street. The avenue is called Union Square East between 14th and 17th streets, and Park Avenue South between 17th and 32nd streets.
Malcolm Maclean, 3rd Chief
Malcolm Maclean or Maolcaluim mac Giliosa in Scottish Gaelic (flourished 1310 to 1320), was the 3rd Chief of Clan Maclean. Malcolm's name has been written Maol-Calum and Gille-Calum, which means Servant of Columba. He became the Chief of Clan Maclean on the death of his father in 1300. He was succeeded by John Dubh Maclean, 4th Clan Chief, his youngest son. Though the eldest son inherited in many clans by then (including Robert Bruce, the eldest of four sons of Robert Bruce VI. who became King of Scots, and Alexander Og Macdonald, his father's eldest son who became Lord of the Isles on the death of Angus Mor Macdonald, it was a time of transition concerning the law of primogeniture. He died around 1320.

Clan Maclean
Clan Maclean (/mækˈleɪn/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Clann 'IllEathain [kʰl̪ˠãn̪ˠ iˈʎɛhɛɲ]) is a Highlands Scottish clan. They are one of the oldest clans in the Highlands and owned large tracts of land in Argyll as well as the Inner Hebrides. Many early Macleans became famous for their honour, strength and courage in battle. They were involved in clan skirmishes with the Mackinnons, Camerons, MacDonalds and Campbells, as well as all of the Jacobite risings.
Lukens Steel Company
Lukens Steel Company, located in Coatesville, Pennsylvania, is the oldest iron mill in commission within the United States.

In 1995, it was one of the three largest producers of plate steel and the largest domestic manufacturer of alloy-plate. It is ranked fourth out of 24 public steel corporations in profitability, earning 14.8% equity five years in a row. The company produces carbon, alloy, and clad steel plates along with stainless steel sheets, strips, plates, hot bands, and slabs.

Rebecca Lukens
Rebecca Lukens (1794–1854), born Rebecca Webb Pennock, was an American businesswoman. She was the owner and manager of the iron and steel mill which became the Lukens Steel Company of Coatesville, Pennsylvania.  Fortune Magazine called her "America's first female CEO of an industrial company" and its board of editors named her to the National Business Hall of Fame in 1994.
1949 Tangerine Bowl
The 1949 Tangerine Bowl was an American college football bowl game played after the 1948 season, on January 1, 1949, at the Tangerine Bowl stadium in Orlando, Florida.  The game was the third annual Tangerine Bowl, now known as the Citrus Bowl, and saw Murray State tie Sul Ross, 21–21. The game was the Tangerine Bowl's first tie; there would not be another tie until the 1954 Tangerine Bowl.  This game was also the highest scoring tie in Tangerine Bowl history, throughout all name changes. This game was the first Tangerine Bowl where MVP honors were awarded; they were given to halfbacks Dale McDaniel of Murray State and Ted Scown of Sul Ross State.

1954 Tangerine Bowl
The 1954 Tangerine Bowl was an American college football bowl game played after the 1953 season, on January 1, 1954, at the Tangerine Bowl stadium in Orlando, Florida.  The Arkansas State Indians (now the Arkansas State Red Wolves) tied the East Texas State Lions (now the East Texas A&M–Lions) by a score of 7–7.
Net Lake
Net Lake is located within the municipality of Temagami, in the Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. It covers a length of 10 km and is located in Temagami North. Fish in the lake include walleye, northern pike, trout, smallmouth bass, whitefish and panfish. There is only one lodge on Net Lake, which is called Andorra Lodge.

Temagami
Temagami, formerly spelled Timagami, is a municipality in northeastern Ontario, Canada, in the Nipissing District with Lake Temagami at its heart.

The Temagami region is known as n'Daki Menan, the homeland of the area's First Nations community, most of whom are Anishinaabe (Ojibwe), living on Bear Island. The official name for this group is the Temagami First Nation. However, a larger group that includes these people, plus non-status residents and some non-residents is called the Teme-Augama Anishnabai.

In addition to the main population centre called Temagami, the municipality also includes the communities of Lake Temagami, Marten River, and Temagami North.
Untitled (Black Is)
Untitled (Black Is) is the third studio album by the British R&B musical group Sault, released on 19 June 2020 through the independent record label Forever Living Legends. The album has been met with positive critical reception.

Inflo
Dean Josiah Cover (born 4 June 1988), professionally known as Inflo, is a British producer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He helms the R&B music collective project Sault, which foregrounds black-centric issues.
Analytic proof
In mathematics, an analytic proof is a proof of a theorem in analysis that only makes use of methods from analysis, and that does not predominantly make use of algebraic or geometrical methods.  The term was first used by Bernard Bolzano, who first provided a non-analytic proof of his intermediate value theorem and then, several years later provided a proof of the theorem that was free from intuitions concerning lines crossing each other at a point, and so he felt happy calling it analytic (Bolzano 1817).

Bolzano's philosophical work encouraged a more abstract reading of when a demonstration could be regarded as analytic, where a proof is analytic if it does not go beyond its subject matter (Sebastik 2007). In proof theory, an analytic proof has come to mean a proof whose structure is simple in a special way, due to conditions on the kind of inferences that ensure none of them go beyond what is contained in the assumptions and what is demonstrated.

Proof theory
Proof theory is a major branch of mathematical logic and theoretical computer science within which proofs are treated as formal mathematical objects, facilitating their analysis by mathematical techniques. Proofs are typically presented as inductively defined data structures such as lists, boxed lists, or trees, which are constructed according to the axioms and rules of inference of a given logical system. Consequently, proof theory is syntactic in nature, in contrast to model theory, which is semantic in nature.

Some of the major areas of proof theory include structural proof theory, ordinal analysis, provability logic, proof-theoretic semantics, reverse mathematics, proof mining, automated theorem proving, and proof complexity. Much research also focuses on applications in computer science, linguistics, and philosophy.
Edwin Albert Link
Edwin Albert Link (July 26, 1904 – September 7, 1981) was an American inventor, entrepreneur and pioneer in aviation, underwater archaeology, and submersibles. He invented the flight simulator, which was called the "Blue Box" or "Link Trainer". It was commercialized in 1929, starting a now multibillion-dollar industry. In total, he obtained more than 27 patents for aeronautics, navigation and oceanographic equipment.

Joseph B. MacInnis
Joseph Beverly MacInnis CM (born 2 March 1937) is a Canadian physician, author, and diver. In 1974, MacInnis was the first scientist to dive in the near-freezing waters beneath the North Pole.  In 1976 he became a member of the Order of Canada.

MacInnis currently studies leadership in high risk environments and gives leadership presentations in North America and Europe. His audiences have included Microsoft, IBM, National Geographic, Rolex, Visa, Toyota and the U.S. Naval Academy.

MacInnis led ten research expeditions under the Arctic Ocean. He was among the first people to dive to the wreck of the RMS Titanic. In 2012 he was a medical advisor and journalist on the James Cameron-National Geographic seven-mile science dive into the Mariana Trench.

MacInnis has worked with the U.S. Navy, the Canadian Forces and the Russian Academy of Sciences. He has written ten books. His latest, Deep Leadership: Essential Insights from High Risk Environments, was published by Random House.