hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pyrus austriaca
Pyrus austriaca, the Austrian pear, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Pyrus found in central and southern Europe, and Turkey. They are very large trees for pears, reaching 20 m. It is thought to be a hybrid species of Pyrus pyraster (European wild pear) and Pyrus nivalis (snow pear or yellow pear).

Pyrus pyraster
Pyrus pyraster (syn. Pyrus communis subsp. pyraster), also called European wild pear, is a species of pear of the family Rosaceae.

This wild pear and Pyrus caucasica (syn. P. communis subsp. caucasica) are thought to be the ancestors of the cultivated European pear (Pyrus communis subsp. communis). Both the wild pears are interfertile with domesticated pears.

It is sometimes difficult to distinguish Pyrus pyraster  from a common pear. Pyrus pyraster  can reach an age of 100 to 150 years.
Vasil Mzhavanadze
Vasil Pavlovich Mzhavanadze (Georgian: ვასილ მჟავანაძე; 20 September [O.S. 7 September] 1902 – 31 August 1988) was a Georgian Soviet politician who served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR from September 1953 to September 28, 1972 and a member of the CPSU's Politburo from June 29, 1957 to December 18, 1972. Dismissed after a corruption scandal, he was replaced by Eduard Shevardnadze.

Corruption in the Soviet Union
Corruption in the Soviet Union and Soviet Russia was observed since the early days of the Soviet Russia and until the last days of the Soviet Union. Corruption happened at all levels of positions of power, including political corruption.
Kuhmareh Rural District
Kuhmareh Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهمره) is in Kuhmareh District of Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Malay-e Anbar. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Nowdan.

Malay-e Anbar
Malay-e Anbar (Persian: ملاي انبار) is a village in, and the capital of, Kuhmareh Rural District of Kuhmareh District, Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Nowdan. Malay-e Anbar was the capital of Somghan Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Somghan.
Protea laevis
Protea laevis, also known as the smooth-leaf sugarbush, is a flowering shrub that belongs within the genus Protea.

In the Afrikaans language it is known by the vernacular names of gladdeblaardwergprotea or gladde-blaarsuikerbos.

Protea
Protea (/ˈproʊtiːə/) is a genus of South African flowering plants, also called sugarbushes (Afrikaans: suikerbos). It is the type genus of the Proteaceae family.

About 92% of the species occur only in the Cape Floristic Region, a narrow belt of mountainous coastal land from Clanwilliam to Grahamstown, South Africa. Most protea species are found south of the Limpopo River. Protea madiensis grows in Afromontane enclaves across tropical Africa, from Guinea to Sudan, Mozambique, and Angola. Protea afra ranges from the Cape region to Uganda and Kenya, including in the chaparral zone of Mount Kenya National Park. The extraordinary richness and diversity of species characteristic of the Cape flora are thought to be caused in part by the diverse landscape, where populations can become isolated from each other and in time develop into separate species.
TVB
Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB; Chinese: 電視廣播有限公司) is a Hong Kong television network that began broadcasting on 19 November 1967. It operates five free-to-air terrestrial television channels, with TVB Jade as its main Cantonese service, and TVB Pearl as its main English service. Since 2003, TVB has been headquartered at TVB City in the Tseung Kwan O Industrial Estate. Historically a cultural powerhouse in the Chinese-speaking world, TVB is known for its television dramas, the Miss Hong Kong and Miss Chinese International pageants, and for launching the careers of many Hong Kong actors and artists.

Rediffusion Television
Rediffusion Television (Chinese: 麗的呼聲, RTV) is a defunct television station in Hong Kong. It was the city's first broadcaster and the first in any British colony or majority-Chinese city. It began as a radio station in 1949 and became Asia Television on 24 September 1982.
Messier 58
Messier 58 (also known as M58 and NGC 4579) is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy with a weak inner ring structure located within the constellation Virgo, approximately 68 million light-years away  from Earth. It was discovered by Charles Messier on April 15, 1779 and is one of four barred spiral galaxies that appear in Messier's catalogue. M58 is one of the brightest galaxies in the Virgo Cluster. From 1779 it was arguably (though unknown at that time) the farthest known astronomical object  until the release of the New General Catalogue in the 1880s and even more so the publishing of redshift values in the 1920s.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
A. E. van Vogt
Alfred Elton van Vogt  (/væn voʊkt/ ⓘ VAN VOHKT; April 26, 1912 – January 26, 2000) was a Canadian-born American science fiction writer. His fragmented, bizarre narrative style influenced later science fiction writers, including Philip K. Dick. He was one of the most popular and influential practitioners of science fiction in the mid-twentieth century, the genre's so-called Golden Age, and one of the most complex. The Science Fiction Writers of America named him their 14th Grand Master in 1995 (presented 1996).

The Weapon Shops of Isher
The Weapon Shops of Isher is a science fiction novel by American writer A. E. van Vogt, first published in 1951. The novel is a fix-up created from three previously published short stories about the Weapon Shops and Isher civilization:

"The Seesaw" (Analog Science Fiction and Fact, July 1941)

"The Weapon Shop" (Analog Science Fiction and Fact, December 1942)

"The Weapon Shops of Isher" (Wonder Stories, February 1949)
Oregon (town), Wisconsin
The Town of Oregon is a town in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,148 at the 2000 census. The village of Oregon is located adjacent to the town and most of its area previously belonged to the town.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
Segre class
In mathematics, the Segre class is a characteristic class used in the study of cones, a generalization of vector bundles. For vector bundles the total Segre class is inverse to the total Chern class, and thus provides equivalent information; the advantage of the Segre class is that it generalizes to more general cones, while the Chern class does not.
The Segre class was introduced in the non-singular case by Beniamino Segre (1953).
In the modern treatment of intersection theory in algebraic geometry, as developed e.g. in the definitive book of Fulton (1998), Segre classes play a fundamental role.

Characteristic class
In mathematics, a characteristic class is a way of associating to each principal bundle of X a cohomology class of X. The cohomology class measures the extent to which the bundle is "twisted" and whether it possesses sections. Characteristic classes are global invariants that measure the deviation of a local product structure from a global product structure. They are one of the unifying geometric concepts in algebraic topology, differential geometry, and algebraic geometry.

The notion of characteristic class arose in 1935 in the work of Eduard Stiefel and Hassler Whitney about vector fields on manifolds.
Lepreau Parish, New Brunswick
Lepreau is a geographic parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, west of Saint John.

For governance purposes, the southern part of the parish is part of the incorporated rural community of Fundy Shores, while the north is part of the Southwest rural district, both of which are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it comprised a single local service district (LSD), which was a member of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).

The Point Lepreau Nuclear Generating Station is the parish's most notable feature and is located near its eastern border.

The Census subdivision of Lepreau Parish shares the parish's borders.

Clarendon Parish, New Brunswick
Clarendon is a geographic parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, located in the interior to the north of Point Lepreau and southwest of CFB Gagetown.

For governance purposes, Clarendon is part of the Capital Region rural district, which is a member of the Capital Region Regional Service Commission.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish comprised a single local service district (LSD), which was a member of Capital Region Service Commission (RSC11).

The Census subdivision of the same name shares the parish's boundaries.
Joe Nemechek
Joseph Frank Nemechek III (born September 26, 1963) is an American professional stock car racing driver. The 1992 NASCAR Busch Series champion, he has the second most national series (Cup, Xfinity, Truck) starts in NASCAR history.

He is the older brother of racing driver John Nemechek. He is the father of John Hunter Nemechek, who competes full-time in the Cup Series for Legacy Motor Club. He is nicknamed "Front-Row Joe", which was coined by former teammate Wally Dallenbach for his tendency in the late 1990s to be a regular contender for a front-row starting position.

MB2 Motorsports
MB2 Motorsports was a NASCAR Cup Series team based in Mooresville, North Carolina, near the sport's hub in Charlotte. The team was founded by Read Morton, Tom Beard, and Nelson Bowers, from which the original team name derived. Bowers was the longest tenured of the original owners, and the listed owner of the teams' entries when resort and real-estate developer Bobby Ginn bought out the team (with his family having 80% ownership; longtime team director Jay Frye owned the remaining 20% of the rebranded team) in 2007, renaming it to Ginn Racing for that season only. The Valvoline corporation co-owned the No. 10 (later the No. 14) car with the principal owners from 2001 to 2005 as MBV Motorsports, while the No. 36 entry (later the No. 13) was co-owned by Centrix Financial, LLC owner Robert Sutton as MB Sutton Motorsports in 2005.

Throughout the existence of the team in both MB2 Motorsports and Ginn Racing iterations, the organization ran General Motors brands.
2002 PBA Commissioner's Cup
The 2002 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Samsung–PBA Commissioner's Cup was the second conference of the 2002 PBA season. It started on June 16 and ended on September 20, 2002. The tournament requires two imports per each team.

PBA Commissioner's Cup
The PBA Commissioner's Cup is one of three active conferences in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). It is also one of two conferences, the other being the Governors' Cup which allows teams to hire a single foreign player, known as an "import". The Commissioner's Cup also refers to the trophy awarded to the champion team.

The first run of the Commissioner's Cup lasted from 1993 to 2002. In 2003, it was replaced by the returning Invitational Championship, and from 2004 to 2010, the Fiesta Conference was held as the lone import-laden conference. The conference was then reinstated 2011 when the league reverted back to a three-conference format.

The TNT Tropang 5G are the current defending Commissioner's Cup champions, winning the 2024–25 PBA Commissioner's Cup when they were known as the TNT Tropang Giga. The San Miguel Beermen have won the most Commissioner's Cup titles with five.
Lakandon Chʼol
The Lakandon Chʼol were a former Chʼol-speaking Maya people inhabiting the Lacandon Jungle in what is now Chiapas in Mexico settled around the Laguna Miramar until the Spanish conquest of their territory. Upon the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors, their capital was the city of Lakam-Tun, located on El Peñón Island, south of Laguna Miramar, which is where the name "Lacandon" given by the Spanish to the region and its inhabitants originated. After the destruction of their city by the conquistadors, they isolated themselves in the depths of the jungle and founded a new capital called Sac Balam, where they remained free and independent from Spanish rule for more than 100 years until 1695. In 1712, the few remaining Lakandon Ch'ol were forcibly displaced by the colonial authorities and became extinct by the mid-18th century.

Chʼol language
The Ch'ol (Chol) language is a member of the western branch of the Mayan language family used by the Ch'ol people in the states of Chiapas, Tabasco, and Campeche in Mexico. This language, together with Chontal, Ch'orti', and Ch'olti', constitute the Cholan language group.

The  Cholan branch of the Mayan languages is considered to be particularly conservative and Ch'ol along with its two closest relatives the Ch'orti' language of Guatemala and Honduras, and the Chontal Maya language of Tabasco are believed to be the modern languages that best reflect their relationship with the Classic Maya language.

Ch'ol-language programming is carried by the CDI's radio station XEXPUJ-AM, broadcasting from Xpujil, Campeche.
Tsuyazaki, Fukuoka
Tsuyazaki (津屋崎町, Tsuyazaki-machi) was a town located in Munakata District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 14,362 and a density of 616.92 persons per km2. The total area was 23.28 km2.

On January 24, 2005, Tsuyazaki, along with the town of Fukuma (also from Munakata District), was merged to create the city of Fukutsu.

Fukutsu
Fukutsu (福津市, Fukutsu-shi) is a city located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 29 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 68,834 in 31114 households, and a  population density of 1300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 52.76 km2 (20.37 sq mi).
Kipchoge Keino Stadium
Kipchoge Keino Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Eldoret, Kenya. It is named after the athlete Kipchoge Keino. It holds 10,000 people.

In 2007, the Kenyan Government allocated KES100 million for the upgrade of the stadium, which had fallen into disrepair.

The stadium has been used by local football teams including Rivatex and Eldoret KCC, but there are currently no teams from Eldoret in the Kenyan Premier League. The stadium is also used for athletics meetings.  The stadium hosted the 2016 Athletics Kenya Olympic Trials.
The stadium is currently being renovated and expanded for the 2027 Africa Cup of Nations.

Eldoret KCC
KCC was an association football club based in Eldoret, Kenya. In 1997 the team won the Moi Golden Cup by beating AFC Leopards 4–1 in Nyayo Stadium and 1998 was the 1st runner-up when they were beaten by Mathare United 2–1.

KCC used to share Kipchoge Keino Stadium with Rivatex. The Eldoret derby was a sweet rivalry between the two teams.
Cross Plains, Wisconsin
Cross Plains is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 4,104 at the 2020 census. The village is located partially within the Town of Cross Plains. It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough (/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ ⓘ MID-əlz-brə), colloquially known as Boro, is a port town in the Borough of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. Lying to the south of the River Tees, it forms part of the Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley. In 2021, it had a population of 148,215.

Tees Transporter Bridge
The Tees Transporter Bridge, also referred to as the Middlesbrough Transporter Bridge or, locally, as The Transporter, is a bridge over the River Tees in northern England. The northern side is in Port Clarence (Stockton-on-Tees) and the southern side is in Middlesbrough. It is grade II* listed and the longest existing transporter in the world. Its winch house and piers are grade II listed.

It is the furthest downstream bridge crossing over the river. It is classed as the A178 road, the road between Middlesbrough and Hartlepool. The bridge carries a travelling 'car,' or 'gondola,' suspended below the fixed structure, across the river in 90 seconds. The gondola can carry 200 people, nine cars, or six cars and one minibus.

As of December 2025 the bridge has not been operational since 2019 due to safety concerns. A refurbishment scheme is currently being developed, with works on site expected to start in 2027 and completed by 2032, subject to funding.
Adelaide University Football Club
The Adelaide University Football Club Inc. (AUFC) is a South Australian based amateur Australian rules football club. It is an affiliate of the Adelaide University Sports Assoc. and plays in the Adelaide Footy League (former "South Australian Amateur Football League"). The club promotes itself as the largest amateur football club in Australia. The club trains on University Oval located across the river from the University which forms part of Park 12, and Park 10 in the portion of the Adelaide Parklands between the University and North Adelaide. It is one of the most decorated clubs in the university's history. The club has played in every season of the SAAFL competition, won 23 Division 1 premierships, had 8 Division 1 medallists, 48 state players, 4 All-Australian captains (McLeod, Muir, Rofe, J.F. Sangster), and the first AAFC Carnival medallist to play for S.A. (Paul Rofe).

Wayne Jackson (footballer)
Wayne Jackson (born 16 April 1944) is a former Australian rules footballer, best known for his tenure as the CEO of the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1996 to 2003.

Jackson attended Prince Alfred College and completed a Bachelor of Economics at the University of Adelaide, where he played for Adelaide University Football Club in the South Australian Amateur Football League (SAAFL) from 1962-64.
Adephaga
The Adephaga (from Greek ἀδηφάγος, adephagos, "gluttonous") are a suborder of beetles, and with more than 40,000 recorded species in 10 families, the second-largest of the four beetle suborders. Members of this suborder are collectively known as adephagans. The largest family is Carabidae (ground beetles) which comprises most of the suborder with over 40,000 species. Adephaga also includes a variety of aquatic beetles, such as predaceous diving beetles and whirligig beetles.

Haliplidae
The Haliplidae are a family of water beetles that swim using an alternating motion of the legs. They are therefore clumsy in water (compared e.g. with the Dytiscidae or Hydrophilidae), and prefer to get around by crawling. The family consists of about 200 species in five genera, distributed wherever there is freshwater habitat; it is the only extant member of superfamily Haliploidea. They are also known as crawling water beetles or haliplids.
Jeffersonville, Kentucky
Jeffersonville is a home rule-class city in Montgomery County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 1,708 as of the 2020 census, up from 1,506 in 2010. It is part of the Mount Sterling micropolitan area.

Mount Sterling micropolitan area, Kentucky
The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Kentucky, anchored by the city of Mount Sterling. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 40,195 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,046).

The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area is part of the Lexington-Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort, KY combined statistical area.
Burgstall, Saxony-Anhalt
Burgstall (German pronunciation: [ˈbʊʁkˌʃtal] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. On 1 January 2010 it absorbed the former municipalities Cröchern, Dolle and Sandbeiendorf. The municipality consists of the Ortsteile (municipal divisions) Blätz, Burgstall, Cröchern, Dolle and Sandbeiendorf.

Between 1345 and 1562, Burgstall was owned by the Bismarck family.

Sandbeiendorf
Sandbeiendorf (German pronunciation: [ˌzantˈbaɪəndɔʁf]) is a village and a former municipality in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Burgstall.
Yongsan District
Yongsan District (Korean: 용산구; RR: Yongsan-gu, [jo̞ŋsʰa̠n ku]) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. It has a population of 231,685 (2020) and has a geographic area of 21.87 km2 (8.44 sq mi), and is divided into 19 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Yongsan is located near Downtown Seoul, on the northern bank of the Han River, bordering the city districts of Jung to the north, Mapo to the west, Yeongdeungpo and Dongjak to the southwest, Seocho and Gangnam District to the southeast, and Seongdong to the east.

Dongjak District
Dongjak District (Korean: 동작구; RR: Dongjak-gu) is one of the 25 districts that make up the city of Seoul, South Korea. Its name was derived from the Dongjaegi Naruteo Ferry, on the Han River which borders the district to the north. It was the 17th gu created in Seoul, after being separated from Gwanak District on 1 April 1980.
Icarex
Icarex is a line of 35mm single lens reflex cameras (SLRs) made by Zeiss Ikon, derived from an earlier Bessaflex project developed by Voigtländer. The Icarex line, which included the Icarex 35, Icarex 35CS, Icarex 35S, and SL 706, was aimed at a mid-range market above the Contaflex SLR, which was intended for advanced amateurs, but below the Contarex line for professionals.

Icarex SLRs were manufactured from 1966 until Zeiss Ikon ceased camera production in 1972; the Voigtländer marque and associated designs were sold to Rollei, who would later rebrand the last of the Icarex line, the Zeiss Ikon SL 706 (1971–72), and fit it with their QBM lens mount as the Rolleiflex SL35 M, released in 1976.

Voigtländer Bessamatic and Ultramatic
The Bessamatic and Ultramatic were lines of 35mm SLR cameras made by Voigtländer in the 1960s, featuring a selenium meter. It uses a leaf shutter, similar to competing SLR cameras manufactured by Kodak (Retina Reflex) and Zeiss Ikon (Contaflex SLR) in Germany, rather than the focal plane shutter almost universally adopted by Japanese SLRs such as the contemporary Nikon F and Pentax Spotmatic. The Ultramatic was released in 1963, which used the same lens mount and added a shutter-priority autoexposure mode.