hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menegazzia dielsii
Menegazzia dielsii is a species of foliose lichen from New Zealand. It was first formally described by German lichenologist Johannes Hillmann in 1940. Rolf Santesson transferred it to the genus Menegazzia in 1943. It contains several lichen products: atranorin, conpsoromic acid, echinocarpic acid, and psoromic acid.

Menegazzia
Menegazzia is a genus of lichenized fungi containing roughly 70 accepted species. The group is sometimes referred to as the tree flutes, honeycombed lichens, or hole-punch lichens.  The most obvious morphological feature of the genus is the distinctive perforations spread across the upper side of the thallus. This makes the group easy to recognise, even for those not particularly familiar with lichen identification.

The genus has a sub-cosmopolitan distribution (excluding Antarctica), but is concentrated in Australasia, Melanesia, and southern South America.  Most species grow exclusively on trees, but some grow on rocks, moss, and/or soil.
Oliver Chace
Oliver Chace (August 24, 1769 – May 21, 1852) was an American 18th and 19th-century businessman. He was the founder of several New England textile manufacturing companies in the early 19th century, including the Valley Falls Company, the original antecedent of Berkshire Hathaway, which as of 2019 is one of the largest and most valuable companies in the world.

Elizabeth Buffum Chace
Elizabeth Buffum Chace (December 9, 1806 – December 12, 1899) was an American activist in the anti-slavery, women's rights, and prison reform movements of the mid-to-late 19th century.

She was inducted into the Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame in 2002.
Aéroports de Montréal
ADM Aéroports de Montréal, often abbreviated ADM, is the main airport authority in the Greater Montreal area. It is headquartered in Suite 1000 of the Leigh-Capreol Place in Dorval, Quebec. It is responsible for both Montréal–Trudeau International Airport and Montréal–Mirabel International Airport. It is a non-profit private enterprise that neither issues share capital nor receive government funding. Its missions are to provide quality airport service for the Montréal region, support its economic development, and develop a harmonious coexistence with the surrounding environment.

Dorval
Dorval (/dɔːrˈvæl/; French: [dɔʁval] ⓘ) is an on-island suburban city on the island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the Canadian Census indicated that the population increased by 4.2% to 18,980. Although the city has the largest surface area in Montréal’s west side, it is among the least densely populated. Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport constitutes about 60% of the city's land; consequently, all of Dorval's population is concentrated in the southern part of the city.

Dorval is the oldest city in the west side of Montréal, having been founded in 1667, and one of the oldest in Canada and North America.
Neath South
Neath South is an electoral ward of Neath Port Talbot county borough, Wales falling in the community of Neath.

Neath South consists of some or all of the settlements of Cimla and Mount Pleasant in the parliamentary constituency of Neath.  It is bounded by  the wards of Neath East to the west; Neath North to the north; and Cimla to the east.

Neath (UK Parliament constituency)
Neath (Welsh: Castell-nedd) was a constituency in Wales represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1918 to 2024.

The constituency was abolished as part of the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies and under the June 2023 final recommendations of the Boundary Commission for Wales for the 2024 general election. Its wards were split between Aberafan Maesteg, Brecon, Radnor and Cwm Tawe, and Neath and Swansea East.
Exposure therapy
Exposure therapy is a technique in behavior therapy to treat anxiety disorders. Exposure therapy involves exposing the patient to the anxiety source or its context (without the intention to cause any danger). Doing so is thought to help them overcome their anxiety or distress.: 141–142  Numerous studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in the treatment of disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and specific phobias.

As of 2024, focus is particularly on exposure and response prevention (ERP or ExRP) therapy, in which exposure is continued and the resolution to refrain from the escape response is maintained at all times (not just during specific therapy sessions).

Narrative exposure therapy
Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) is a short-term psychotherapy used for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and other trauma-related mental disorders. It creates a written account of the traumatic experiences of a patient or group of patients, with the aim of recapturing self-respect and acknowledging the patient's value. NET is an individual treatment, NETfacts is a format for communities.

NET was created in Germany in the early 2000s.
Biloxi Yacht Club
The Biloxi Yacht Club (BYC) is located in Biloxi, Mississippi, United States, on the shores of the Mississippi Sound. The BYC is a founding member of the Gulf Yachting Association, as well as the Mississippi Coast Yachting Association.

Gulf Yachting Association
The Gulf Yachting Association (GYA) formed in 1901, is a non-profit organization consisting of 39 member and affiliate yacht club's from Houston, TX to Sarasota, FL along the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. Organized specifically to further the sport of yacht racing, marine safety and seamanship, the GYA is the oldest organization of yacht clubs in the United States.
Yang Hua
Yang Hua (Chinese: 杨华; born 1963) is a Chinese business executive who was CEO of the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC). Concurrently, he served as Director and Vice Chairman of the Board. Prior to his appointment as CEO, he was employed by CNOOC in such positions as Manager of the Reservoir Engineering Department, Research Center Project Manager, Director of the Overseas Development Department, Deputy Chief Geologist, and CFO. Yang received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Petroleum Engineering from China University of Petroleum (Beijing) in 1982, and an MBA degree from the MIT Sloan School of Management. Following his resignation as CEO, he was succeeded by Li Fanrong.

Li Fanrong
Li Fanrong (born 1963) is a Chinese business executive who has been the chief executive officer (CEO) of China National Offshore Oil Corporation, a state-owned Chinese oil and gas producer, and a Fortune Global 500 company.

Fanrong was born in Jiangxi province in 1963. He earned a degree in science, majoring in oil production, from Jianghan Petroleum Institute in 1984, and an MBA degree from Cardiff University in 2003.

He has been CEO of China National Offshore Oil since 25 November 2011, when he succeeded Yang Hua. Fanrong has been the chairman of Sinochem and Syngenta since 2022.
Zagreb Points
The Zagreb Points (Croatian: Zagrebačke punktacije) was the name of a resolution released on November 7, 1932, in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia which condemned Serb hegemony in that country and called for a return to political life as it was in 1918.

The document was released after the January 6 Dictatorship of King Alexander resulted in new administrative subdivisions and a new royal constitution. It had the backing of the Peasant-Democratic Coalition and the Party of Rights. The document resulted in other parties producing the Novi Sad Points, Sarajevo Points (Yugoslav Muslim Organization) and Ljubljana Points (Slovene People's Party) to voice their demands for an end to the dictatorship. Croatian Peasant Party leader Vladko Maček was imprisoned for three years due to his involvement with the document.

6 January Dictatorship
The 6 January Dictatorship (Serbian: Шестојануарска диктатура, Šestojanuarska diktatura; Croatian: Šestosiječanjska diktatura; Slovene: Šestojanuarska diktatura) was a royal dictatorship established in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Kingdom of Yugoslavia after 1929) by King Alexander I (r. 1921–34) with the ultimate goal to create a Yugoslav ideology and a single Yugoslav nation. It began on 6 January 1929, when the king prorogued parliament and assumed control of the state, and ended with the 1931 Yugoslav Constitution.
Warrimoo, New South Wales
Warrimoo (formerly Karabar) is a medium-sized village in the lower Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia, 273 metres above sea level. Warrimoo is located 68 kilometres west of Sydney, in the local government area of the City of Blue Mountains. Warrimoo borders the townships/suburbs of Blaxland, Mount Riverview, Sun Valley and Valley Heights. The suburb is located five train stops from Penrith and 11 train stops to Katoomba.

Glenbrook, New South Wales
Glenbrook is a township of the Lower Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 63 kilometres (39 mi) west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Blue Mountains. As of the 2021 Australian census Glenbrook had a population of 5,078 people.

Glenbrook lies between Lapstone and Blaxland at an elevation of 163 metres (535 feet) and is approximately a 50-minute drive from Sydney. It is home to many cafes and boutiques, while offering various tourist attractions, including weekend markets, recreational opportunities and native flora and fauna.

The town takes its name from Glenbrook Creek, which is on the southern side of the village and must be crossed to enter parts of the Blue Mountains National Park. Glenbrook retains many historical homes and buildings throughout the village, although most of these are occupied and not open to the public.
Glay Global Communication
GLAY Global Communication was an 11-episode, thirty-minute, television series aired on the Fuji Television Networks hosted by the Japanese rock band, Glay. The show ran from April 18, 2001 to June 27, 2001, every Wednesday at 1:55 am.

The series was focused on the production of the One Love album, the promotion of the Global Communication Asia special, the free street live in Sapporo, and the creation of the promotional videos for the singles from the One Love album.  At the end of each episode each band member would give something away as a present for the fans.

Glay
Glay (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese rock band formed in Hakodate in 1988. The core four members, vocalist Teru, guitarists Takuro and Hisashi, and bassist Jiro, have been together since 1992. Primarily composing songs in the rock and pop genres, they have also arranged songs using elements from a variety of other genres, including progressive rock, punk, gothic rock, electronic, R&B, folk,  gospel, reggae, and ska. Originally a visual kei band, the group slowly shifted to less dramatic attire through the years. With five million copies sold, Glay's 1997 compilation album Review is the fifth best-selling album of all time in Japan. Their July 1999 concert "Expo '99" at Makuhari Messe was attended by 200,000 people, making it the largest-ticketed concert ever held by a single act at the time. As of 2008, Glay had sold an estimated 51 million records; 28 million singles and 23 million albums, making them one of the top ten best-selling artists of all time in Japan.
Zizi Strallen
Sylphide Charity Vaigncourt-Strallen (born 1 November 1990), known professionally as Zizi Strallen, is a British actress, singer and dancer best known for playing Mary Poppins in the Cameron Mackintosh theatrical production of Mary Poppins.

Scarlett Strallen
Scarlett Aimee Vaigncourt-Strallen (born 3 July 1982) is an English actress and singer, best known for her work in musical theatre productions in the West End and on Broadway. She has received two Olivier Award nominations, in 2006 for her portrayal of Josephine in an adaptation of H.M.S. Pinafore, performed at Regent's Park Open Air Theatre, and in 2012 for her role in Singin' in the Rain. Strallen is also a former voice actress.
AEA White Wing
The White Wing (or Aerodrome #2) was an early US aircraft designed by Frederick W. Baldwin and built by the Aerial Experiment Association in 1908. Unusual for aircraft of its day, it featured a wheeled undercarriage. The wings were equipped with ailerons controlled by a harness worn around the pilot's body; leaning in one direction would cause the aircraft to bank to follow.  The ailerons led to a legal dispute with the Wright brothers over the brothers' patent on movable wing surfaces.

First piloted by Baldwin himself on 18 May and the aircraft flew very well. White Wing was then piloted by Lt Thomas Selfridge at Hammondsport, New York, on 19 May 1908 (becoming the first US Army officer to fly an airplane) and then Glenn Curtiss made a flight of 1,017 ft (310 m) in it on 21 May. On 23 May, it crashed during a landing by John McCurdy and was damaged beyond repair.

Thomas Selfridge
Thomas Etholen Selfridge (February 8, 1882 – September 17, 1908) was an American first lieutenant in the U.S. Army and the first person to die in an airplane crash. He was also the first active-duty member of the U.S. military to die in a crash while on duty. He was killed while seated as a passenger in a Wright Flyer, on a demonstration flight piloted by Orville Wright.
Lafayette Welcoming Parade of 1824 (New York City)
The Lafayette Welcoming Parade of 1824 was a parade held in New York City on August 16, 1824, to welcome the arrival of the Marquis de Lafayette on the occasion of his visit to the United States for a sixteen-month tour. It has been described as the first triumphal parade in New York history.

Visit of the Marquis de Lafayette to the United States
From July 1824 to September 1825, the French Marquis de Lafayette (Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette), the last surviving major general of the American Revolutionary War, made a tour of the 24 states in the United States. He was received by the populace with a hero's welcome at many stops, and many honors and monuments were presented to commemorate and memorialize the visit.
Bandon Conservation Park
Bandon Conservation Park is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia in the locality of Copeville about 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the town of Copeville.

The conservation park consists of crown land described as "Allotment 11 in Deposited Plan 33335" in the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Bandon.  It came into existence on 22 August 2013 by proclamation under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972.  It is named after the Hundred of Bandon.  A separate proclamation on 22 August 2013 ensured the continuation of "existing rights of entry, prospecting, exploration or mining" regarding the land under the Mining Act 1971 and the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Act 2000.  As of 2016, it covered an area of 6.50 square kilometres (2.51 sq mi).

The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category VI protected area.

Copeville, South Australia
Copeville is a town and a locality in the Australian state of South Australia.

It was established as a town on the Waikerie railway line, but the line was closed in 1994. The town has since declined. The bulk grain silos are still at the railway station, but do not operate every grain season. There was once a Methodist church in Copeville. It joined the Karoonda circuit in 1966.

The 2016 Australian census which was conducted in August 2016 reports that Copeville had a population of 34 people.

Copeville is located within the federal division of Barker, the state electoral district of Hammond and the local government area of the District Council of Karoonda East Murray.
Farmersburg, Indiana
Farmersburg is a town in Curry Township, Sullivan County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Farmersburg had a population of 1,069. It is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town is adjacent to the Vigo County line and is overshadowed by several large TV and radio transmitter towers.

Curry Township, Sullivan County, Indiana
Curry Township is one of nine townships in Sullivan County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,398 and it contained 1,543 housing units. All three of Terre Haute's  television affiliates (WTWO, WTHI, and WAWV) and several radio stations have or share transmitter towers in the northern end of the township just south of Farmersburg.

The township is named after William Curry, who was the area's first settler when he arrived there in 1817 from Kentucky.
Bulciago
Bulciago (Brianzöö: Bilciàch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Milan and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Lecco. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,811 in an area of 3.1 square kilometres (1.2 mi2).

Bulciago borders the following municipalities: Barzago, Cassago Brianza, Costa Masnaga, Cremella, Garbagnate Monastero, Nibionno.

Nibionno
Nibionno (locally Nibiònn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Lecco.

Nibionno borders the following municipalities: Bulciago, Cassago Brianza, Costa Masnaga, Inverigo, Lambrugo, Veduggio con Colzano.

The town's economy is mostly based on textile industry.
Filling factories in the United Kingdom
A filling factory was a manufacturing plant that specialised in filling various munitions, such as bombs, shells, cartridges, pyrotechnics, and screening smokes. In the United Kingdom, during both world wars of the 20th century, the majority of the employees were women.

In World War I, a filling factory belonging to the Ministry of Munitions was known as a National Filling Factory.

In World War II, a filling factory belonging to the Ministry of Supply was known as a Royal Filling Factory (RFF), or a Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF). These were all part of the Royal Ordnance Factory organisation, owned by the MoS.

The filling of smoke screen canisters and other pyrotechnic devices was also carried out by fireworks manufacturers, particularly in World War II, but these are not specifically covered by this article.

Royal Ordnance Factory
Royal Ordnance Factories (ROFs) were munitions factories run by the UK government during and after the Second World War. The three main types of factories were engineering, filling and explosives, and these were dispersed across the country for security reasons. ROFs were the responsibility of the Ministry of Supply and later the Ministry of Defence until privatisation in 1987.
Quezon City's 1st congressional district
Quezon City's 1st congressional district is one of the six congressional districts of the Philippines in Quezon City. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1987. The district consists of the western barangays bordering Manila and the southern enclave of Caloocan, and to the north of Quezon Avenue. The neighborhoods of La Loma, San Francisco del Monte and Santa Mesa Heights are in this district. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Arjo Atayde of the Nacionalista Party (NP) and Serbisyo sa Bayan Party (SBP).

Serbisyo sa Bayan Party
The Serbisyo sa Bayan Party (SBP; lit. transl. Service on the Nation Party) is a local Quezon City-based political organization. SBP is founded and led by incumbent Quezon City Mayor Joy Belmonte.

SBP had previously forged an alliance with Sara Duterte-led Hugpong ng Pagbabago.
2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase
The 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase began on 4 October 2017 and ended on 24 May 2018 with the final at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kyiv, Ukraine, to decide the champions of the 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League. A total of 32 teams competed in the knockout phase.

Times from 29 October 2017 up to 24 March 2018 (both legs of round of 16 and first legs of quarter-finals) are CET (UTC+1), all other times are CEST (UTC+2).

2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League
The 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League was the 17th season of the European women's club football championship organised by UEFA, and the ninth since being rebranded as the UEFA Women's Champions League.

The final was held at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kyiv, Ukraine on 24 May 2018, two days before the final of the men's tournament played at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in the same city.

In the final, Lyon defeated Wolfsburg to win a record fifth title, and also became the first team to win three titles in a row.
African American mayors in California
The following is a list of current and former African American mayors in the State of California. Since Edward P. Duplex was elected in 1888 as mayor of Wheatland, California, numerous African Americans have been elected or appointed to the post of mayor in California.

Edward Duplex
Edward Parker Duplex (c. 1830 – January 5, 1900) was an American entrepreneur, politician, and civil rights activist in California. He was the first African-American mayor in California, elected to office in Wheatland in 1888, and was a leader in the state's Colored Conventions movement. Born in Connecticut, he migrated to California during the Gold Rush, and was a partner in the Sweet Vengeance Mine. Duplex used his share of profits from the mine to start his own barbershop in Marysville, California, where he employed other Black barbers. He later moved to Wheatland, where his barbershop became one of the two longest running businesses in the town.
Samuel Ikome Sako
Samuel Ikome Sako is an Ambazonian politician and incumbent president of the internationally unrecognized proto-state of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia. He was elected president of the Interim Government a month after Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe, the first president, was abducted in Nigeria and extradited illegally to Cameroon. From captivity in Yaoundé, the former president Ayuk Tabe announced that he had dismissed Sako in May 2019, a decision that started the long-running Ambazonian leadership crisis.

In terms of background, he studied linguistics, and theology and is an ordained minister, Christian counselor and a licensed financial professional. He has spent several years in the United States, where he worked with the Maryland state government, and has been a trade consultant and CEO. He was also president emeritus of the Community Humanitarian Emergency Board International (COHEB).

Ambazonian leadership crisis
The Ambazonian leadership crisis is an ongoing internal conflict within the Interim Government of Ambazonia (IG). The crisis started on 2 May 2019, when a document signed by the first president of Ambazonia, Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe, acting from detention in Yaoundé, declared the dissolution of the cabinet of interim president Samuel Ikome Sako and the restoration of Ayuk Tabe's cabinet. This effectively led to the existence of two interim governments, with neither recognizing the other.

In February 2022, Sako ordered the suspension of the Restoration Council, the legislative arm of his own Interim Government. The Restoration Council subsequently impeached Sako, and later announced that Marianta Njomia had replaced Sako. The Ambazonian movement thus found itself with three people claiming to be president.