hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erzyas
The Erzyas (also Erzyans', Erzya people; Erzya: эрзят, romanized: erzat; Russian: эрзяне, romanized: erzyane) are a Finno-Ugric ethnic group. Their native language is Erzya. They are closely related to but distinct from Mokshas, and together they are often called Mordvin peoples, especially by outsiders.

Erzya language
The Erzya language (эрзянь кель, eŕźań keĺ, pronounced [ˈerʲzʲanʲ ˈkʲelʲ]), also Erzian or historically Arisa, is spoken by approximately 300,000 people in the northern, eastern and north-western parts of the Republic of Mordovia and adjacent regions of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan in Russia. A diaspora can also be found in Armenia and Estonia, as well as in Kazakhstan and other states of Central Asia. Erzya is currently written using Cyrillic with no modifications to the variant used by the Russian language. In Mordovia, Erzya is co-official with Moksha and Russian.

The language belongs to the Mordvinic branch of the Uralic languages. Erzya is a language that is closely related to Moksha but has distinct phonetics, morphology and vocabulary.
Adoration: The Worship Album
Adoration: The Worship Album is the tenth studio album by the Christian pop rock band Newsboys, released in 2003. Unlike the band's previous albums, Adoration is a solely worship-oriented album (as the subtitle implies), deviating from the Newsboys' standard pop rock sound. This was the last Newsboys' album with the long-time guitarist Jody Davis due to his daughter’s sickness, until his reunion with the group in 2009 for In the Hands of God.

In the Hands of God
In the Hands of God is the thirteenth studio album by Christian band Newsboys. Released on 5 May 2009, it was the last album to feature singer and founding member Peter Furler until 2019's United. It is also the first album since 2003's Adoration: The Worship Album to feature guitarist Jody Davis, the first album on which keyboard player Jeff Frankenstein took on some production duties, and the first album with future lead singer Michael Tait, who guest appears on the album's titular song.
Voluntary euthanasia
Voluntary euthanasia is the purposeful ending of another person's life at their request, in order to relieve them of suffering. Voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) have been the focus of intense debate in the 21st century, surrounding the idea of a right to die. Some forms of voluntary euthanasia are legal in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Colombia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, Spain and Uruguay.

Voluntary refusal of food and fluids (VRFF), also called voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED) or Patient Refusal of Nutrition and Hydration (PRNH), will similarly result in death. Some authors classify this voluntary action as a form of passive euthanasia, while others treat it separately because it is treated differently from legal point of view, and often perceived as a more ethical option. VRFF is sometimes suggested as a legal alternative to euthanasia in jurisdictions disallowing euthanasia.

Euthanasia device
A euthanasia device is a machine engineered to allow an individual to die quickly with minimal pain. The most common devices are those designed to help terminally ill people die by voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide without prolonged pain. They may be operated by a second party, such as a physician, or by the person wishing to die. There is an ongoing debate on the ethics of euthanasia and the use of euthanasia devices.
Battle of Troina
The Battle of Troina was an important battle that took place between 31 July and 6 August 1943, as part of the Allied invasion of Sicily during World War II. Forces of the U.S. II Corps, part of the U.S. Seventh Army, under George S. Patton, engaged in fierce fighting around the town of Troina in the central portion of Sicily along the Caronie Mountains. The battle focused around the numerous hills and mountains surrounding Troina which the German and Italian forces had heavily fortified and used as bases for direct and indirect fire.

39th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 39th Infantry Regiment is a parent regiment in the United States Army. Originally organized for service in World War I, the 39th fought in most of the conflicts involving the United States during the 20th century, and since 1990 the 2nd Battalion has served as a training unit stationed at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. The 3rd Battalion was started on 21 October 2015 and a 4th Battalion was added in July 2017.
Fontechiari
Fontechiari is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, central Italy. Located in the Comino Valley, the town has borders with the municipalities of Arpino, Broccostella, Casalvieri, Posta Fibreno and Vicalvi.

Broccostella
Broccostella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Rome and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Frosinone.

Broccostella borders the following municipalities: Arpino, Campoli Appennino, Fontechiari, Posta Fibreno, Sora.

Lady Gaga's maternal great-grandparents Vincenzo Ferri and Filomena Campagna (Veronica Rose Bissett's parents) were both born in this comune when its name still was only Brocco.
TreeHouse Foods
TreeHouse Foods Inc. is a multinational food processing company founded in 2005 that specializes in the production of private label packaged foods. Headquartered in Oak Brook, Illinois, and consisting entirely of acquisitions, it had $2 billion in sales and over 4,000 employees in 20 facilities in 2010.

As the 37th largest American food and beverage firm in 2015, it was named 2010 Processor of the Year by Food Processing magazine, which called it "the biggest company you never heard of". After being No. 446 on the Fortune 500 list in 2018, TreeHouse dropped to No. 552 on the Fortune 1000 list in 2020.

In November 2025, it agreed to be purchased by Industrial F&B Investments III in an all-cash deal valued at nearly $1.2 billion. Part of the European investment group Investindustrial, Industrial F&B Investments III completed the transaction in February 2026.

HM Capital Partners
HM Capital Partners was a private equity firm in the United States that specialized in leveraged buyouts. The firm was previously known as Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst. It was founded in 1989 by Tom Hicks and John Muse as Hicks, Muse & Co. and was changed in 1994 to reflect the roles of Charles Tate and Jack Furst.
Glen Peak
Glen Peak (66°46′S 67°24′W﻿ / ﻿66.767°S 67.400°W﻿ / -66.767; -67.400) is a peak on the north end of Liard Island in Hanusse Bay, Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos obtained by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947–48) and the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (1956–57). It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for John W. Glen, a British physicist who has made laboratory investigations on the flow of single and polycrystalline ice.

Liard Island
Liard Island is a mountainous island, 24 kilometres (13 nmi) long, 11 kilometres (6 nmi) wide and rising to 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), situated in the north-central portion of Hanusse Bay, off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was discovered and named by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot.
Cephalotes maya
Cephalotes maya is an extinct species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants. The species was probably native of the Mexican state of Chiapas, however, lack of more evidence makes this uncertain. Their larger and flatter legs, a trait common with other members of the genus Cephalotes, gave them their gliding abilities.

The species was first given a description and a classification by Brazilian entomologist Maria de Andrade in 1999. It was subsequently described in Diversity and Adaptation in the Ant Genus Cephalotes Past and Present (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) as a sister group to Cephalotes foliaceus and was discovered fosillized in amber in the state of Chiapas in Mexico.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Aizu-Tajima Station
Aizu-Tajima Station (会津田島駅, Aizu-Tajima-eki) is a railway station on the Aizu Railway Aizu Line in the town of Minamiaizu, Minamiaizu District, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, operated by the Aizu Railway. It is the terminus for all EMU through services from the Yagan Railway, as the section between this station and Nishi-Wakamatsu is not electrified.

Minamiaizu
Minamiaizu (南会津町, Minamiaizu-machi) is a town located in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2020,  the town had an estimated population of 15,158 in 6,575 households, and a population density of 17 persons per km2. The total area of the town was 886.52 square kilometres (342.29 sq mi).
Newberry, Florida
Newberry is a city located in the southwest corner of Alachua County, Florida, United States. The population was 7,342 as of the 2020 Census, up from 4,950 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Much of the city borders neighboring Gilchrist County, to the west.

Developed as a mining and railroad town in the late 19th century, since the mid-20th century it has developed new commodity crops for agriculture. In 1984 Freddie Warmack was elected as its first black mayor, gaining 60% of the white vote. The city's historic district is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Since 2019, Newberry's city commission has included a National Development Officer for the right-wing John Birch Society.

Alachua County, Florida
Alachua County (/əˈlætʃuə/ ⓘ ə-LATCH-oo-ə) is a county in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 278,468. The county seat is Gainesville, the home of the University of Florida.
Patrol torpedo boat PT-109
PT-109 was an 80-foot (24 m) Elco PT boat (patrol torpedo boat) last commanded by Lieutenant (junior grade) John F. Kennedy, future United States president, in the Solomon Islands campaign of the Pacific theater during World War II. Kennedy's actions in saving his surviving crew after PT-109 was rammed and sunk by a Japanese destroyer earned him several commendations and made him a war hero. Back problems stemming from the incident required months of hospitalization at Chelsea Naval Hospital and plagued him the rest of his life.  Kennedy's postwar campaigns for elected office often referred to his service on PT-109.

Coastwatchers
The Coastwatchers, also known as the Coast Watch Organisation, Combined Field Intelligence Service or Section C, Allied Intelligence Bureau, were Allied military intelligence operatives stationed on remote Pacific islands during World War II to observe enemy movements and rescue stranded Allied personnel. They played a significant role in the Pacific Ocean theatre and South West Pacific theatre, particularly as an early warning network during the Guadalcanal campaign.
141st meridian east
The 141st meridian east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 141st meridian east forms a great circle with the 39th meridian west.

39th meridian west
The meridian 39° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Greenland, the Atlantic Ocean, South America, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 39th meridian west forms a great circle with the 141st meridian east.
San Giovanni in Marignano
San Giovanni in Marignano (Romagnol: San Giàn or San Zvan in Marignèn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Rimini. As of 2021, the municipality counts 9,463 inhabitants.

San Giovanni in Marignano borders the following municipalities: Cattolica, Gradara, Misano Adriatico, Morciano di Romagna, Saludecio, San Clemente, Tavullia. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). Cattolica Airfield is an abandoned World War II US Air Force airfield in its vicinity.

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
January 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 20 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 22

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 3 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 21st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 8.

January 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 21 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 23

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 4 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 22nd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 9.
Nonus (praenomen)
Nonus (/ˈnoʊnəs/) is a Latin praenomen, or personal name. It was never particularly common at Rome, but may have been used more frequently in the countryside. Although not attested in surviving Latin inscriptions, the name must have been used occasionally, as it gave rise to the patronymic gens Nonia. The feminine form is Nona. Nonus was probably not used frequently enough to acquire a regular abbreviation.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Christian Wilhelmsson
Christian Ulf Wilhelmsson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈkrɪ̌sːtɪjan ˈvɪ̂lː(h)ɛ(l)mˌsɔn]; born 8 December 1979) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a winger. Beginning his career with Mjällby AIF in 1997, he went on to represent clubs in Norway, Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, England, Saudi Arabia, the United States, and Qatar before retiring at Mjällby in 2015. Wilhelmsson won 79 caps for the Sweden national team between 2001 and 2012, and represented his country at the 2006 FIFA World Cup and at Euro 2004, 2008, and 2012.

2009–10 Saudi Pro League
The 2009–10 Saudi Professional League (known as the Zain Professional League for sponsorship reasons) was the 34th season of the Saudi Pro League, the top Saudi professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1976. The season began on 18 August 2009, and ended on 18 March 2010. Al-Ittihad were the defending champions.

Al-Hilal secured the title with a 2–0 win away to Al-Hazem on 24 January 2010. Al-Hilal won the league with three games to spare. Al-Hilal, Al-Ittihad, Al-Shabab and Al-Nassr all secured a berth for the 2011 AFC Champions League. No teams were relegated at the end of the season following the decision to increase the number of teams from 12 to 14.
BR-Radltour
The BR-Radltour is an annual bicycle tour for recreational bicycle riders that was established in 1990. It is organized by the Bavarian Broadcasting Corporation (Bayerischer Rundfunk). The inventor of the BR-Radltour, Thomas Gaitanides retired in 2013 after his 23rd tour.

Normally the BR-Radltour has six leads through the Bavarian countryside. It is no competition but an event for people who prefer healthy sport and the community spirit with fellow cyclists.

The BR-Radltour is supposed to be the largest bicycling event in Germany. This is only accurate for the number of participants for the whole tour, which is mostly between 1,000 and 1,300. Bicycle tours that also allow one-day participants might have several thousand more.

Bayerischer Rundfunk
Bayerischer Rundfunk (pronounced [ˈbaɪʁɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk]; "Bavarian Broadcasting"), shortened to BR (pronounced [beːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a public-service radio and television broadcaster, based in Munich, capital city of the Free State of Bavaria in Germany. BR is a member organization of the ARD consortium of public broadcasters in Germany.
Irving Gill
Irving John Gill (April 26, 1870 – October 7, 1936), was an American architect, known professionally as Irving J. Gill. He did most of his work in Southern California, especially in San Diego and Los Angeles. He is considered a pioneer of the modern movement in architecture. Twelve of his buildings throughout Southern California are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and many others are designated as historic by local governments.

Panama–California Exposition
The Panama–California Exposition was a world exposition held in San Diego, California, between January 1, 1915, and January 1, 1917. The exposition celebrated the opening of the Panama Canal, and was meant to tout San Diego as the first United States port of call for ships traveling north after passing through the canal into the Pacific Ocean. The fair was held in San Diego's large urban Balboa Park. The park held a second Panama-California exposition in 1935.
County Waterford
County Waterford (Irish: Contae Phort Láirge) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Waterford. Waterford City and County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county at large, including the city, was 127,363 according to the 2022 census. The county is based on the historic Gaelic territory of the Déise. There is an Irish-speaking area, Gaeltacht na nDéise, in the southwest of the county.

Counties of Ireland
The counties of Ireland (Irish: Contaetha na hÉireann) are historic administrative divisions of the island. They began as Norman structures, and as the powers exercised by the Cambro-Norman barons and the Old English nobility waned over time, new offices of political control were established at a county level. The number of counties varied depending on the time period, however thirty-two is the traditionally accepted and used number.

In 1921, upon the partition of Ireland, six of the traditional counties became part of Northern Ireland. In Northern Ireland, counties ceased to be used for local government in 1973. Districts are instead used. In the Republic of Ireland, some counties have been split, resulting in the creation of new counties: there are currently 26 counties, 3 cities and 2 cities and counties that demarcate areas of local government in the Republic.
Tricine
Tricine is an organic compound that is used in buffer solutions. The name tricine comes from tris and glycine, from which it was derived. It is a white crystalline powder that is moderately soluble in water. It is a zwitterionic amino acid that has a pKa1 value of 2.3 at 25 °C, while its pKa2 at 20 °C is 8.15. Its useful buffering range of pH is 7.4-8.8. Along with bicine, it is one of Good's buffering agents.  Good first prepared tricine to buffer chloroplast reactions.

Good's buffers
Good's buffers (also Good buffers) are twenty buffering agents for biochemical and biological research selected and described by Norman Good and colleagues during 1966–1980. Most of the buffers were new zwitterionic compounds prepared and tested by Good and coworkers for the first time, though some (MES, ADA, BES, Bicine) were known compounds previously overlooked by biologists. Before Good's work, few hydrogen ion buffers between pH 6 and 8 had been accessible to biologists, and very inappropriate, toxic, reactive and inefficient buffers had often been used. Many Good's buffers became and remain crucial tools in modern biological laboratories.
Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania
Founded in 1850, The Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania (WMCP), formally known as The Female Medical College of Pennsylvania, was the first American medical college dedicated to teaching women medicine and allowing them to earn the Doctor of Medicine degree.

In 1867, the college was renamed the Woman's Medical College. The college has trained thousands of women physicians from all over the world, many of whom went on to practice medicine internationally. In 1970, the college became the co-ed Medical College of Pennsylvania. In 1993, the college and hospital merged with Hahnemann Medical School. In 2003, the two colleges were absorbed by Drexel University College of Medicine.

Ann Preston
Ann Preston (December 1, 1813 – April 18, 1872) was an American physician, activist, and educator. As head of the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, she was the first female dean of a medical school in the United States of America.
Harian Metro
Harian Metro is a Malaysian daily newspaper published by the New Straits Times Press (NSTP). Launched on 26 March 1991 as a tabloid for readers in the Klang Valley, it later expanded to other regions of the country.

The newspaper is aimed at urban and younger readers, focusing on entertainment, shopping, lifestyle features, and current affairs within NSTP’s Malay-language portfolio.

New Straits Times Press
The New Straits Times Press (Malaysia) Berhad (officially abbreviated as NSTP) is a Malaysian newspaper publishing conglomerate, owned by Media Prima. The NSTP publishes several newspapers, including its namesake flagship newspaper as well as Berita Harian and Harian Metro.
Capelinha
Capelinha is a Brazilian municipality located in the north-center of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 38,057 living in a total area of 966 km2 (373 sq mi). The city belongs to the statistical mesoregion of Jequitinhonha and to the statistical microregion of Capelinha. It became a municipality in 1913.

Itamarandiba
Itamarandiba (Portuguese pronunciation: [itamaɾɐ̃ˈdʒibɐ]) is a Brazilian municipality located in the north-center of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 34,936 living in a total area of 2,736 km2.