hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AeroVironment T-20
The AeroVironment T-20 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (formerly Arcturus T-20) is a medium range, composite aircraft capable of internal and external payloads. Launched from a portable catapult, it can be recovered with a shipboard landing system, or belly land on unimproved surfaces. The T-20 carries a retractable gimbal-mounted, digitally stabilized, electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) camera that relays video in real time via a C-band LOS data link to the ground control station (GCS).  Powered by a 4-stroke, fuel injected gasoline engine, the aircraft burns 2 lb (910 g) of fuel per hour at cruise.  AeroVironment, Inc. acquired Arcturus UAV, the original developer of JUMP 20 and T-20 on February 22, 2021.

AAI RQ-7 Shadow
The AAI RQ-7 Shadow is an American unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) used by the United States Army, Australian Army, Swedish Army, Turkish Air Force and Italian Army for reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition and battle damage assessment. Launched from a trailer-mounted pneumatic catapult, it is recovered with the aid of arresting gear similar to jets on an aircraft carrier. Its gimbal-mounted, digitally stabilized, liquid nitrogen-cooled electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) camera relays video in real time via a C-band line-of-sight data link to the ground control station (GCS).

The US Army's 2nd Battalion, 13th Aviation Regiment at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, trains soldiers, Marines, and civilians in the operation and maintenance of the Shadow UAS. The Shadow is operated in the U.S. Army at brigade-level.
Curtius rearrangement
The Curtius rearrangement (or Curtius reaction or Curtius degradation), first defined by Theodor Curtius in 1885, is the thermal decomposition of an acyl azide to an isocyanate with loss of nitrogen gas. The isocyanate then undergoes attack by a variety of nucleophiles such as water, alcohols and amines, to yield a primary amine, carbamate or urea derivative respectively. Several reviews have been published.

Isocyanate
In organic chemistry, isocyanate is the functional group with the formula R−N=C=O. Organic compounds that contain an isocyanate group are referred to as isocyanates.  An organic compound with two isocyanate groups is known as a diisocyanate. Diisocyanates are manufactured for the production of polyurethanes, a class of polymers.

Isocyanates should not be confused with cyanate esters and isocyanides, very different families of compounds.  The cyanate (cyanate ester) functional group (R−O−C≡N) is arranged differently from the isocyanate group (R−N=C=O). Isocyanides have the connectivity R−N≡C, lacking the oxygen of the cyanate groups.
Otic ganglion
The otic ganglion is a small  parasympathetic ganglion located immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa and on the medial surface of the mandibular nerve. It is functionally associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve and innervates the parotid gland for salivation.

It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. The others are the ciliary ganglion, the submandibular ganglion and the pterygopalatine ganglion.

Infratemporal fossa
The infratemporal fossa is an irregularly shaped cavity that is a part of the skull. It is situated below and medial to the zygomatic arch. It is not fully enclosed by bone in all directions. It contains superficial muscles, including the lower part of the temporalis muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, and the medial pterygoid muscle. It also contains important blood vessels such as the middle meningeal artery, the pterygoid plexus, and the retromandibular vein, and nerves such as the mandibular nerve (CN V3) and its branches.
First Among Sequels
First Among Sequels is an alternate history, comic fantasy novel by the British author Jasper Fforde. It is the fifth Thursday Next novel, first published on 5 July 2007 in the United Kingdom, and on 24 July 2007 in the United States. The novel follows the continuing adventures of Thursday Next in her fictional version of Swindon and in the BookWorld, and is the first of a new four-part Nextian series.

The title was originally announced, at the end of Fforde's novel The Fourth Bear, as The War of the Words.

SpecOps
SpecOps is a fictional overarching British governmental force in Jasper Fforde's Thursday Next series of novels. It was established in 1928 to handle policing duties "too unusual or too specialized" to be handled by the regular police. The force and divisions are similar in name (for example SO27) to the real world Specialist Operations of the Metropolitan Police Service. When introduced in The Eyre Affair, the divisions are described as "Below the Eight, Above the Law".
CSS Livingston
CSS Livingston was a sidewheel steamer operated by the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War. Livingston was acquired by the Confederacy in 1861 and was converted from a civilian vessel by John Hughes & Company into a warship. Mounting six cannons, the vessel was slow and had a particulary wide beam for its size. Sent up the Mississippi River in 1862, Livingston was part of the Confederate fleet at Columbus, Kentucky, and New Madrid, Missouri, before the abandonment of those places and assisted in the evacuation of a Confederate fort at New Madrid.  Livingston's guns were removed and added to the shore defenses at Fort Randolph in early May. After the Confederates withdrew from Fort Pillow in early June 1862, Livingston went up the Yazoo River with CSS General Polk. On June 26, Livingston, General Polk, and CSS General Earl Van Dorn were all burned at Liverpool Landing, Mississippi, to prevent their capture by Union forces.

Liverpool, Mississippi
Liverpool is a ghost town in Yazoo County, Mississippi, United States.  Liverpool Landing, the settlement's port on the Yazoo River, was located 0.9 mi (1.4 km) west of Liverpool.

Liverpool Road runs through the former settlement, and Mississippi Highway 3 runs between the former settlement and its river landing.
Little Superstar
Little Superstar is a video uploaded on YouTube, which is a clip from the 1990 Tamil film Adhisaya Piravi, starring Rajinikanth. The clip features the Tamil actor King Kong breakdancing to MC Miker G & DJ Sven's "Holiday Rap". Various mashups have also appeared on the Internet using tracks from Cypress Hill, Michael Jackson and others, including Ted's Fear Factory video. The first site to feature Little Superstar and give the clip its name was Dorks.com.

The video has been featured on YouTube, in Tom Anderson's bulletins on Myspace, on the E! TV show The Soup, the MSNBC shows Countdown with Keith Olbermann and Tucker Carlson, G4TV's Attack of the Show! and elsewhere, as well as having been parodied on Saturday Night Live. Another popular video clip features King Kong (not E. Shankar) slapping a man from the same film.

In recent years, actor King Kong (E. Shankar) has choreographed a dance number in a Doritos Tandoori Sizzler! commercial shown in Canada, which was filmed in India.

King Kong (actor)
Shankar Ezhumalai, popularly credited by his moniker King Kong, is an Indian actor and comedian who has appeared in Tamil language films in supporting roles. A clip from the film Adhisaya Piravi (1990), which features King Kong dancing, has become a viral internet video titled Little Superstar.
Marie Chaix
Marie Chaix (née Beugras; 3 February 1942) is a French writer. She has written memoirs and a book about the singer Barbara. Her memoirs are about her mother and father as well as her life. Her book The Laurels of Lake Constance won the Prix Maison de la Presse in 1974.

Prix Maison de la Presse
The Prix Maison de la Presse is an annual French literary prize, established in 1970 by the Syndicat national des dépositaires de presse (SNDP) and Gabriel Cantin. Until 2005 it was known as Prix des Maisons de la Presse and given out in the two categories Novel (Roman) and Non-Fiction (Document), after which the name was changed and the categories merged into one.
Liquid Liquid
Liquid Liquid is an American dance-punk group, originally active from 1980 to 1983. They are best known for their track "Cavern," which was covered—without proper permission or attribution—by the Sugar Hill Records house band as the backing track for Melle Mel's old school rap classic "White Lines (Don't Don't Do It)." The group released a series of extended plays, including the acclaimed 1983 12" EP Optimo. In 2008, the band reformed and have played in multiple countries.

Optimo (EP)
Optimo is the third EP by American dance-punk band Liquid Liquid. It was released through 99 Records in 1983, becoming the band's final release until the 1997 compilation album Liquid Liquid. The EP includes Liquid Liquid's best-known song "Cavern", which was the subject of a dispute after being used for Grandmaster Melle Mel's "White Lines (Don't Don't Do It)".
Toni Packer
Toni Packer (April 1927 – August 23, 2013) was a teacher of “meditative inquiry”, and the founder of Springwater Center. Packer was a former student in the Sanbo Kyodan lineage of Zen Buddhism, and was previously in line to be the successor of Phillip Kapleau at the Rochester Zen Center.

Rochester Zen Center
The Rochester Zen Center (RZC) is a Sōtō and Rinzai Zen Buddhist sangha in the Kapleau lineage, located in Rochester, New York and established in 1966 by Philip Kapleau. It is one of the oldest Zen centers in the United States.
Azawagh Arabs
The Azawagh Arabs (Arabic: عرب أزواغ) (also known as nomadic Moors) are nomadic ethnic Arab-ancestry tribes who are settling mainly in the area of Azawagh which is a dry basin covering what is today northwestern Niger, as well as parts of northeastern Mali and southern Algeria.

Azawagh Arabs are named after the Azawagh region of the Sahara and speak Hassaniya Arabic which is one of the regional varieties of Arabic.

Azawagh
The Azawagh (alias Azaouagh or Azawak) is a dry basin covering what is today the northwestern Niger, as well as parts of northeastern Mali and southern Algeria. The Azawagh is mainly made up of Sahelian and Saharan flatlands and has a population that is predominantly Tuareg, with some Arabic-speaking and Wodaabe minorities and a recent influx of Hausa and Zarma.
COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus spread to Brunei on 9 March 2020, when its first case was confirmed in Tutong. Many early cases were linked to Jamek Mosque Sri Petaling in Kuala Lumpur, which held a large Tablighi Jamaat ijtema event at the end of February 2020. Of Brunei's first 50 cases, 45 were related to Jamek Mosque.  The pandemic had spread to all districts of Brunei. As of January 4, 2023, there have been over 260,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported in Brunei, resulting in 225 fatalities.

Tutong (town)
Tutong Town (Malay: Pekan Tutong; Jawi: توتوڠ) or simply known as Tutong, is a municipality town in Mukim Pekan Tutong, Tutong District, Brunei. It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the country's capital Bandar Seri Begawan. It is the administrative centre of Tutong District.
49 Days
49 Days (Korean: 49일; RR: 49il) is a 2011 South Korean television series starring Lee Yo-won, Nam Gyu-ri, Jo Hyun-jae, Bae Soo-bin, Jung Il-woo, and Seo Ji-hye. It aired on SBS from March 16 to May 19, 2011 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST) for 20 episodes.

Nam Gyu-ri
Nam Gyu-ri (Korean: 남규리; born April 26, 1985) is a South Korean actress and singer. She was the leader of the Korean female trio SeeYa. In 2009, Nam Gyu-ri had a contract dispute with the group's management company and left the group. Nam has also acted, most notably in the film Death Bell and the drama 49 Days.
Yelü Yilie
Yelü Yilie (Chinese: 耶律夷列, d. 1163), otherwise known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Western Liao (Chinese: 西遼仁宗), was the second emperor of the Western Liao dynasty (Qara Khitai), ruling from 1150 to 1163.

Yelü Dashi
Yelü Dashi (Chinese: 耶律大石; pinyin: Yēlǜ Dàshí; Wade–Giles: Yeh-Lü Ta-Shih; alternatively Chinese: 耶律達實; pinyin: Yēlǜ Dáshí), courtesy name Zhongde (重德), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Dezong of Western Liao (西遼德宗), was the founder of the Western Liao dynasty (Qara Khitai). He initially ruled as king from 1124 to 1132, then as emperor and gurkhan from 1132 to 1143. He was also known in Muslim sources as Nūshī Taifū, Qushqin Taifū or Qushqīn, son of Baighū. A member of the imperial Yelü clan, he fled the Liao dynasty in northern China as it was on the verge of destruction by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty and moved westward into Central Asia where he established a new empire.
2018 Fijian general election
General elections were held in Fiji on 14 November 2018. The result was a victory for the ruling FijiFirst party of Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, which received just over 50% of the vote and 27 of the 51 seats in Parliament, a loss of five seats. The main opposition party, Social Democratic Liberal Party, gained six seats, whilst the National Federation Party retained its three seats.

The elections also saw female representation in Parliament rise to nearly 20 percent, with 10 of the 51 members being women.

FijiFirst
FijiFirst (FF, Fijian: iMatai ni Viti; Fiji Hindi: फिजी प्रथम) was a liberal political party in Fiji. The party was formed in March 2014 by then Prime Minister, Frank Bainimarama. It was deregistered on 1 July 2024.
Ju Jingyi
Ju Jingyi (Chinese: 鞠婧祎; born 18 June 1994) is a Chinese singer, dancer, and actress. She is best known as a former member of the Chinese idol girl group SNH48.

As a member of SNH48, during the annual General Elections, she was elected as No.4 (2014), No.2 (2015), No.1 (2016), and No.1 (2017) among over 100 members. As an actress, she is known for her roles in television dramas Legend of Yunxi (2018), The Legend of White Snake (2019), Beauty of Resilience (2023), Sword and Fairy 4 (2024), and In Blossom (2024).

Legend of Yunxi
Legend of Yunxi (Chinese: 芸汐传) is a 2018 Chinese television series based on the novel Poison Genius Consort  (Chinese: 天才小毒妃) by Jie Mo. It stars Ju Jingyi in the title role, alongside Zhang Zhehan and Merxat. The series airs on iQIYI from June 25 to August 15, 2018 for 48 episodes. Due to its success, an additional 2 episodes was added nearing the series' finale.
Miriam Shor
Miriam Ruth Shor (born July 25, 1971) is an American actress. She gained prominence for her performance in the Off-Broadway  rock musical Hedwig and the Angry Inch (1998–2000) and in the 2001 film adaptation of the same name. She later starred in a number of short-lived television series, including Swingtown (2008) and GCB (2012).

From 2015 to 2021, Shor starred as Diana Trout in the TV Land/Paramount+ comedy-drama series Younger for which she received Critics' Choice Awards nomination for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. Shor played Madelaine True in the Encores! production of The Wild Party at the New York City Center in 2015 alongside Younger co-star Sutton Foster. She also has appeared in the films Bedazzled (2000), The Cake Eaters (2007), Lost Girls (2020), Maestro (2023), and American Fiction (2023).

The Cake Eaters
The Cake Eaters is a 2007 American independent drama film about two small-town families who must confront old issues with the return of one family's son. The film was directed by Mary Stuart Masterson (in her feature film directorial debut), and stars Kristen Stewart, Aaron Stanford, Bruce Dern and Jayce Bartok. Stewart plays Georgia, a young girl with Friedreich's ataxia, a rare disease for which there is no cure.

The Cake Eaters premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 29, 2007, and earned a theatrical release on March 13, 2009. The film earned mixed reviews from critics, who praised Masterson's direction and the performances but criticized the screenplay.
John C. Baez
John Carlos Baez (/ˈbaɪ.ɛz/ BY-ez; born June 12, 1961) is an American mathematical physicist and a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) in Riverside, California. He has worked on spin foams in loop quantum gravity, applications of higher categories to physics, and applied category theory. Additionally, Baez is known on the World Wide Web as the author of the crackpot index.

Applied category theory
Applied category theory is an academic discipline in which methods from category theory are used to study other fields including but not limited to computer science, physics (in particular quantum mechanics), natural language processing, control theory, probability theory and causality. The application of category theory in these domains can take different forms. In some cases the formalization of the domain into the language of category theory is the goal, the idea here being that this would elucidate the important structure and properties of the domain. In other cases the formalization is used to leverage the power of abstraction in order to prove new results or to develop new algorithms about the field.
Mr. Zog's Sex Wax
Mr. Zog's Sex Wax is a brand of surfwax manufactured for use on surfboards that is produced in Carpinteria, California. This wax is rubbed on the top surface or "deck" of a surfboard to allow traction and grip for the surfer.

Mr. Zog's Sex Wax was first produced by Frederick Charles Herzog, III (also known as Mr. Zog) and chemist Nate Skinner  in 1972. Hank Pitcher designed their original logo.

Due to the product name, promotional materials such as bumper stickers and t-shirts became extremely popular, even among those who had never ridden a surfboard. Their slogans, such as "The best for your stick", included sexual innuendo. The materials confirmed their counterculture status by being banned from schools and amusement parks.

Different wax formulations are sold under the names: "Quick Humps", "Really Tacky",  and "Navel Wax".

Surfboard wax
Surfboard wax (also known as surfwax) is a formulation of natural and/or synthetic wax for application to the deck of a surfboard, bodyboard, or skimboard, to keep the surfer from slipping off the board when paddling out or riding a wave.  It is also used to increase grip on the paddle of a surf kayak or dragon boat.

Surfboard wax is generally composed of a mixture of paraffin, beeswax or other hard waxes; petroleum jelly can also be added to create a softer wax. Often scents like coconut or bubblegum are added. There are natural alternatives which contain only organic substances like beeswax, vegetable oils (such as coconut or hemp oil), pine resin, tree pulp and natural essential oils. There are surfboard wax formulations designed for various climates and water temperatures.
Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota
Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota (Hindi pronunciation: [məɾd̪ koː d̪əɾd̪ nəɦiː ɦoːt̪aː]), released internationally as The Man Who Feels No Pain, is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language action comedy film written and directed by Vasan Bala and produced by Ronnie Screwvala under his banner RSVP Movies. The film stars Abhimanyu Dassani in his acting debut, alongside Radhika Madan, Gulshan Devaiah, Mahesh Manjrekar and Jimit Trivedi. In the film, a young man, who has a rare condition called congenital analgesia, strikes out on a quest to vanquish his foes.

The film premiered in the Midnight Madness section of the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the People's Choice Award: Midnight Madness. The film was also screened at the 2018 MAMI Film Festival where it received standing ovation.

Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota was released on 21 March 2019 and received positive reviews from critics.

Abhimanyu Dassani
Abhimanyu Dassani (born 21 February 1990) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi films. The son of actress Bhagyashree, he made his acting debut in 2018 with the action film Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota, for which he won Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He has since starred in the romantic comedy Meenakshi Sundareshwar (2021) and the action film Nikamma (2022).
Wharton Esherick Museum
The Wharton Esherick Museum is the home and workshop of Wharton Esherick (1887–1970), an American artist and designer. Though Esherick worked in a wide range of art media, he is best known for his wood furniture, which married modernist sculptural form with functional craft. The Museum is located on the south slope of Valley Forge Mountain in Malvern, Pennsylvania, twenty-five miles northwest of Philadelphia. It is the most fully realized expression of Esherick's vision for integrating art into the spaces of everyday life.

There are four historic structures on the Wharton Esherick Museum site: the Wharton Esherick Studio, where Esherick lived and worked; the 1956 workshop designed with Louis Kahn and Anne Tyng; the 1928 German Expressionist log garage which now serves as the museum visitor center; and Esherick's woodshed. There is also a recent reconstruction of Esherick's 1920s German Expressionist outhouse.

Anne Tyng
Anne Griswold Tyng (July 14, 1920 – December 27, 2011) was an architect and professor. She is best known for having collaborated for 29 years with Louis Kahn at his practice in Philadelphia. She served as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania for 27 years, teaching classes in urban morphology. She was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects and an academician of the National Academy of Design. She is the first woman licensed as an architect by the state of Pennsylvania.
London Buses route 176
London Buses route 176 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between Penge and Tottenham Court Road station, it is operated by Go-Ahead London subsidiary London Central.

Penge
Penge (/pɛndʒ/) is a suburb of South East London, England, now in the London Borough of Bromley, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of Bromley, 3.7 miles (6.0 km) north east of Croydon and 7.1 miles (11.4 km) south east of Charing Cross.
New York City Schools Chancellor
The New York City Schools chancellor (formally the chancellor of the New York City Department of Education) is the head of the New York City Department of Education. The chancellor is appointed by the mayor, and serves at the mayor's pleasure. The chancellor is responsible for the day-to-day operation of the department as well as responsible of all New York City Public Schools. The chancellor is also a member of the New York City Panel for Educational Policy (formerly the New York City Board of Education). The current chancellor is Kamar Samuels.

Kamar Samuels
Kamar Samuels is a Jamaican-American educator who has served as the chancellor of New York City Public Schools since January 1, 2026. Before becoming chancellor, he served as superintendent for Manhattan's District 3 and Brooklyn's District 13.

As chancellor, Samuels leads the nation's largest school district. In 2024–25, New York City Public Schools reported 906,248 students in the city school system, and 148,089 students enrolled in charter schools. The system's adopted budget for fiscal year 2026 was $42.8 billion.