hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Larynx
The larynx (pl.: larynges or larynxes), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in respiration, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of the larynx into the pharynx, known as the laryngeal inlet, is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. The larynx houses the vocal cords, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation. It is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.

Vestibular fold
The vestibular fold (ventricular fold, superior or false vocal cord) is one of two thick folds of mucous membrane, each enclosing a narrow band of fibrous tissue, the vestibular ligament, which is attached in front to the angle of the thyroid cartilage immediately below the attachment of the epiglottis, and behind to the antero-lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage, a short distance above the vocal process.

The lower border of this ligament, enclosed in mucous membrane, forms a free crescentic margin, which constitutes the upper boundary of the ventricle of the larynx.

They are lined with respiratory epithelium, while true vocal cords have stratified squamous epithelium.
President of Botswana
The president of the Republic of Botswana is the head of state and the head of government of Botswana, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Botswana Defence Force, according to the Constitution. The president is elected by the National Assembly, the sole house of the Parliament, and is usually the leader of the largest party. The Constitution limits the president's tenure to two five-year terms. The first president to be elected under the  constitution was Sir Seretse Khama, who was the prime minister from 1965 until 1966, after which he served as president until his death on 13 July, 1980. The most recent incumbent is Duma Boko, who was elected by the National Assembly on 1 November 2024 following the 2024 general election. The president may be removed by a motion of no confidence.

Duma Boko
Duma Gideon Boko (born 31 December 1969) is a Motswana politician and lawyer who is currently serving as the sixth President of Botswana since 1 November 2024 and as leader of the Umbrella for Democratic Change since 2012. He served as Leader of the Opposition from 2014 to 2019.

Boko attained the presidency of the BNF in 2010. He led the creation of the Umbrella for Democratic Change, an alliance of the main opposition parties in Botswana. He ran as the alliance's president in Botswana's general elections in 2014 and 2019. At the 2024 election, he led his party to victory and was sworn in as President of Botswana on 1 November 2024. He is the first, and so far the only president in Botswana's history not to belong to the Botswana Democratic Party. Boko is considered a social democrat.
Yohani
Yohani Diloka de Silva (born 30 July 1993), known mononymously as Yohani, is a Sri Lankan singer-songwriter, rapper, and YouTuber. She started her music career as a YouTuber. She soon gained recognition for her cover of 'Manike Mage Hithe' and released many covers of her singing and rapping which have earned her the title "Rap Princess" of Sri Lanka. She rose to prominence and gained global recognition for her cover of "Manike Mage Hithe". She also became the first Sri Lankan female singer to surpass a total of 3.60 million subscribers on YouTube.

Jubin Nautiyal
Jubin Nautiyal (born 14 June 1989) is an Indian playback singer. In June 2022, he won the IIFA award for "Playback Singer (Male)" for the song "Raataan Lambiyan" from Shershaah and "Upcoming Male Vocalist of the Year" at 8th Mirchi Music Awards for his song "Zindagi Kuch Toh Bata (Reprise)" from Bajrangi Bhaijaan. He also won the Rising Musical Star Award at Zee Business Awards. He has since recorded songs for films in various Indian languages, predominantly Hindi. He is signed on by T-Series.
Thermodynamic diagrams
Thermodynamic diagrams are diagrams used to represent the thermodynamic states of a material (typically fluid) and the consequences of manipulating this material.  For instance, a temperature–entropy diagram (T–s diagram) may be used to demonstrate the behavior of a fluid as it is changed by a compressor.

Dew point
The dew point is the temperature that air, of a constant absolute humidity and pressure, must be cooled to in order for the relative humidity to rise to 100%. This temperature is a thermodynamic property that depends on the pressure and water content of the air. When the air at a temperature above the dew point is cooled, its moisture capacity is reduced, and when the temperature passes below the dew point water vapor will condense, or precipitate, to form liquid water. When this occurs through the air's contact with a colder surface, the precipitate on that surface is dew.

The dew point is affected by the air's absolute humidity. The more moisture the air contains, the higher its dew point.

When the temperature is below the freezing point of water, the dew point is called the frost point, as frost is formed via deposition rather than condensation.
In liquids, the analog to the dew point is the cloud point.
Jackson County, Michigan
Jackson County is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population of the county was 160,366 as of the 2020 census. Its seat of government is the city of Jackson. The county was set off in 1829 and organized in 1832. It is named for U.S. President Andrew Jackson and considered to be one of Michigan's "Cabinet counties", named for members of Jackson's Cabinet. Jackson County comprises the Jackson, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Jackson County Courthouse was designed by Claire Allen, a prominent southern Michigan architect. Jackson County is also home to the Michigan Whitetail Hall of Fame.

Ingham County, Michigan
Ingham County (/ˈɪŋəm/ ING-um) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 284,900. The county seat is Mason. Lansing, the state capital of Michigan, is largely located within the county. Lansing is the only state capital in the United States located in a county of which it is not also the seat of government. The county is home to Michigan State University, Lansing Community College, and the Class A minor league baseball team Lansing Lugnuts. Ingham County is included in the Lansing–East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is considered to be a part of Mid Michigan.
Camanachd Cup
The Camanachd Association Challenge Cup, usually known as the Camanachd Cup or, less commonly, the Scottish Cup, is an annual knockout competition in shinty. First contested in 1896, it is considered the premier competition in the sport. Organised by the Camanachd Association, the cup is one of the trophies considered to be part of the Grand Slam in the sport.

Grand Slam (shinty)
The Grand Slam in shinty consists of a club winning all four major trophies for which it is eligible. These are at present the Premier Division, the Camanachd Cup, the MacAulay Cup and either the MacTavish Cup or the Glasgow Celtic Society Cup, according to whether a club is from the North or South District.
Bon Tempe Lake
Bon Tempe Lake is a reservoir in Marin County, California, managed by the Marin Municipal Water District. It is the widest lake in the Mount Tamalpais watershed, and on Lagunitas Creek. Beneath its dam is Alpine Lake. Lake Lagunitas is immediately to its east.

Built in 1948 (1948), with the construction of the earthen Bon Tempe Dam, the lake's name is an Americanization of the Bautunpi family name. The Bautunpi brothers ran a ranch and dairy that was removed with the creation of Bon Tempe and Alpine reservoirs.

Fishing and hiking are activities around the lake. Rainbow trout and both largemouth and smallmouth bass are caught in the lake. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment released a warning regarding eating fish caught from this lake based on the elevated mercury level.

Mount Tamalpais
Mount Tamalpais (/tæməlˈpaɪɪs/; TAM-əl-PY-iss; Miwok: Támal Pájiṣ), known locally as Mount Tam, is a peak in Marin County, California, United States, often considered symbolic of Marin County. Much of Mount Tamalpais is protected within public lands such as Mount Tamalpais State Park, the Marin Municipal Water District watershed, and National Park Service land, such as Muir Woods.
Escaping set
In mathematics, and particularly complex dynamics, the escaping set of an entire function  consists of all points that tend to infinity under the repeated application of .
That is, a complex number  belongs to the escaping set if and only if the sequence defined by  converges to infinity as  gets large. The escaping set of  is denoted by .

For example, for , the origin  belongs to the escaping set, since the sequence  tends to infinity.

Lasse Rempe
Lasse Rempe (born 20 January 1978) is a German mathematician born in Kiel. His research interests include holomorphic dynamics and function theory. He currently holds the position of Professor of Pure Mathematics at the 
Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester.  He previously worked at the University of Liverpool from 2006 to 2024, holding the "Shipowners' Chair" of Pure Mathematics from 2020 to 2024.  Rempe recorded the voiceover for a BBC feature on the art of mathematics, where he explained how certain pictures have arisen from dynamical systems.
Cherry Hills Village, Colorado
The City of Cherry Hills Village is a home rule city located in Arapahoe County, Colorado, United States. Just south of Denver, the city population was 6,442 at the 2020 United States census. Incorporated 81 years ago in 1945, Cherry Hills Village is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Arapahoe County, Colorado
Arapahoe County (/əˈræpəhoʊ/ ə-RAP-ə-hoh) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, its population was 655,070, making it the third-most populous county in Colorado. The county seat is Littleton, and the most populous city is Aurora. The county was named for the Arapaho Native American tribe, who once lived in the region. Arapahoe County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood metropolitan statistical area. Arapahoe County calls itself "Colorado's First County", since its origins antedate the Pike's Peak Gold Rush.
Golsar Rural District
Golsar Rural District (Persian: دهستان گلسار) is in the Central District of Khansar County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Arjanak. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Vist, now a city.

Arjanak, Isfahan
Arjanak (Persian: ارجنك) is a village in, and the capital of, Golsar Rural District of the Central District of Khansar County, Isfahan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Vist, now a city.
Massachusetts Route 146
Route 146 is a 20.99-mile (33.78 km) north-south state highway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts, maintained by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT). Spanning approximately 21 miles (34 km) along a south–north axis, it is a continuation of Rhode Island Route 146, which splits from I-95 in Providence. The southern terminus within Massachusetts exists in Millville, where it enters the state from North Smithfield, Rhode Island. Among several local roads, Route 146 intersects with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) in Millbury and I-290 in Worcester before arriving at its northern terminus at the intersection of several surface streets in downtown Worcester.  Most of the route is a freeway, except for a short section near the boundary between Millbury and Sutton where there is driveway access and at-grade crossings.

Interstate 290 (Massachusetts)
Interstate 290 (I-290) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US state of Massachusetts, maintained by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT). Spanning approximately 20 miles (32 km), it is signed as an east–west spur route of I-90 (Massachusetts Turnpike) in Central Massachusetts. The route begins in Auburn at I-90 as a northward continuation of I-395. It follows an L-shaped route, the nominally western half of which runs north into the city of Worcester, and, upon leaving the city, turns to the east to its eastern terminus at I-495 in Marlborough. Past I-495, the road continues as the Route 85 Connector to the town of Hudson. The route serves as the main freeway route through Worcester, as well as being part of a longer distance travel corridor through New England, connecting Connecticut and Western Massachusetts with much of New Hampshire and Maine.
Statue of Harry S. Truman
A statue of Harry S. Truman was installed in the U.S. Capitol, in Washington, D.C., on September 29, 2022, as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. It replaced the statue of Thomas Hart Benton.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
Online codes
In computer science, online codes are an example of rateless erasure codes. These codes can encode a message into a number of symbols such that knowledge of any fraction of them allows one to recover the original message (with high probability). Rateless codes produce an arbitrarily large number of symbols which can be broadcast until the receivers have enough symbols.

The online encoding algorithm consists of several phases. First the message is split into n fixed size message blocks. Then the outer encoding is an erasure code which produces auxiliary blocks that are appended to the message blocks to form a composite message.

From this the inner encoding generates check blocks. Upon receiving a certain number of check blocks some fraction of the composite message can be recovered. Once enough has been recovered the outer decoding can be used to recover the original message.

Erasure code
In coding theory, an erasure code is a forward error correction (FEC) code under the assumption of bit erasures (rather than bit errors), which transforms a message of k symbols into a longer message (code word) with n symbols such that the original message can be recovered from a subset of the n symbols. The fraction r = k/n is called the code rate. The fraction k’/k, where k’ denotes the number of symbols required for recovery, is called reception efficiency. The recovery algorithm expects that it is known which of the n symbols are lost.
Astyliasula
Astyliasula is a genus of mantises belonging to the family Hymenopodidae.

The species of this genus are found in Southeastern Asia.

Species:

Astyliasula basinigra (Zhang, 1992)

Astyliasula hoffmanni (Tinkham, 1937)

Astyliasula inermis (Wood-Mason, 1879)

Astyliasula javana (Beier, 1929)

Astyliasula major (Beier, 1929)

Astyliasula phyllopus (Haan, 1842)

Astyliasula sarawaca (Westwood, 1889)

Astyliasula wuyshana Yang & Wang

Hymenopodidae
Hymenopodidae is a family of the order Mantodea (mantises), which contains six subfamilies.  Some of the species in this family mimic flowers and are found camouflaged among them; these are called flower mantises. Their coloration is aggressive mimicry, luring prey to approach close enough to be seized and eaten.
Telecommunications in Iceland
Telecommunications in Iceland is a diversified market. Iceland has a highly developed telecommunications sector with modern infrastructure. Multiple wholesale and retail providers are operated in a competitive market. As of 2024, Iceland's telecom infrastructure is fully digitised and mostly fibre based, with 93% of households having full-fibre availability. Landlines are based on VoIP technology. Mobile telecoms in Iceland adheres to the GSM standard and 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G services are available, as well as a TETRA network for emergency communications. Iceland is connected by four submarine cables to both Europe and North America. Broadcasting is based on DVB-T2 standard for television and FM for radio. There are a few printed newspapers, although most mass media is consumed online. Postal service is provided under universal obligation by the state-owned Iceland Post, but other private postal companies also operate.

Síminn
Síminn hf. (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsiːmɪn], lit. 'The Telephone'; also known as Iceland Telecom Ltd.), previously named Landssíminn ([ˈlan(t)sˌsiːmɪn], lit. 'The National Telephone'), is an Icelandic telecommunications company. It offers communication services for both private and corporate clients, including mobile (4G/5G), landline, internet, IPTV, streaming services and television production.

As a former incumbent state-owned telecom, it was split from Iceland Post (Íslandspóstur) in 1998 and later privatised in 2005. In 2007 its infrastructure arm was split off as Míla, sold off in 2022. Síminn is listed on the Icelandic stock exchange.

Síminn operates a 5G/4G mobile network reaching over 99% of Iceland's population. In 2018, Síminn was the largest wireless carrier in Iceland with a market share of 34.5%.
Joyce Green Hospital
Joyce Green Hospital was a hospital near Dartford, Kent, England. It opened in 1903 as an isolation hospital. In later years it was a training hospital. The hospital was closed in 2000 and the buildings were demolished. The greenspace where the hospital used to stand is known as Joyce Green.

HMS Atlas (1860)
HMS Atlas was a 91-gun second rate ship which was never completed and spent her entire service in reserve or as a hospital ship. She was launched in 1860, and lent to the Metropolitan Asylums Board for use as a hospital ship in 1881, and sold to them in 1885. Atlas served until 1904, when she was sold for breaking.
Lüdinghausen station
The Lüdinghausen railway station is a station of the Dortmund–Gronau railway located at the Westphalian city of Lüdinghausen. It was opened in Summer 1875. Trains of the line RB51 call at Lüdinghausen. In December 2011, the Deutsche Bahn AG stopped selling tickets in Lüdinghausen.

The railway station consists of two signal boxes with mechanic operation, (Ln (pointsman) and Lf (signalman)), two level crossings (Olfener Straße and Seppenrader Straße), two platform tracks with a centre platform, two dead-end sidings with buffer stops, and six sets of points, out of which four are remote-controlled, one is operated by wagon shunters with a nearby lever, and one is out of order. A local distillery is connected to the station.

Lüdinghausen
Lüdinghausen (German pronunciation: [lyːdɪŋˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ; Westphalian: Lünkhusen or Lünksel) is a town in district of Coesfeld in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the Dortmund-Ems Canal, approx. 25 km south-west of Münster.
2006 Grand Prix of Denver
The 2006 Grand Prix of Denver was the tenth round of the 2006 Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford season, held on August 13, 2006 on the streets of Denver, Colorado.  Sébastien Bourdais took the pole while the race was won by A. J. Allmendinger.  Bourdais' race ended when he and Paul Tracy crashed in the final turn of the final lap of the race as Tracy attempted to pass Bourdais to take second place.  Tracy and Bourdais got into a confrontation outside their cars (pictured).  Tracy was subsequently fined and penalized three championship points for avoidable contact for the incident.

Grand Prix of Denver
The Grand Prix of Denver was a Champ Car race last held on a street circuit in Denver, Colorado, United States. A Champ Car race was first held in Denver in 1909 on a 14.5-mile (23.3-km) road circuit in nearby Brighton.  Racing returned to the Centennial Park dirt oval in 1951 and 1952 under AAA sanctioning. In 1990, Champ Cars returned to Denver with a CART-sanctioned event downtown near the Civic Center. However, like the previous incarnation, that race also lasted only two years. CART returned to Denver in 2002 with a race on a 1.64-mile (2.64-km) temporary circuit around the then-named Pepsi Center. The final race was held in 2006. Champ Car initially put the race on its 2007 schedule but removed it after conflicts with other events could not be reconciled. Attempts to revive the event have not come to fruition.
Crown Supercoach
The Crown Supercoach is a bus that was manufactured and marketed by Crown Coach Corporation from 1948 to 1991.  While most examples were sold as yellow school buses, the Supercoach formed the basis for motorcoaches and other specialty vehicles using the same body and chassis. While technically available outside of the West Coast, nearly all Crown school buses were sold in Washington state, Oregon and California.

From 1948 to 1984, the Supercoach was constructed at the Crown Coach facilities in Los Angeles, California; from 1984 to the 1991 closure of the company, the Supercoach was constructed in Chino, California.

School bus
A school bus is any type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district. It is regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus. Various configurations of school buses are used worldwide; the most iconic examples are the yellow school buses of the United States which are also found in other parts of the world, including Canada.

In North America, school buses are purpose-built vehicles distinguished from other types of buses by design characteristics mandated by federal and state/provincial regulations. In addition to their distinct paint color (National School Bus Glossy Yellow), school buses are fitted with exterior warning lights (to give them traffic priority) and multiple safety devices.
Parker, Colorado
Parker is a home rule municipality in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. As a self-declared "town" under the home rule statutes, Parker is the second most populous town in the county; Castle Rock is the most populous (the community of Highlands Ranch, with a population of over 100,000, is an unincorporated CDP). In recent years, Parker has become a commuter town at the southeasternmost corner of the Denver metropolitan area. The population was 58,512 at the 2020 census. Parker is now the 19th most populous municipality in the state of Colorado.

Douglas County, Colorado
Douglas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 357,978. The county is named in honor of U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas. The county seat is Castle Rock.

Douglas County is part of the Denver metropolitan area. It is located midway between Colorado's two largest cities, Denver and Colorado Springs, and contains a portion of Aurora, the state's third-largest city. Douglas County has the highest median household income of any Colorado county or statistical equivalent. It is ranked seventh nationally in that category.