hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Huff's Fort
Huff's fort was established around 1811 or 1812 northeast of Fort Vallonia in present-day Jackson County, Indiana, United States.

Huff's fort was established for the protection of early settlers land near the east fork of the White River. It was said not to have the fortifications of Vallonia but served as an important outpost as did Ketcham's fort a bit closer to Fort Vallonia.

John Sage and others built a fort at his place, but the princepal fort was at Vallonia, Huff's fort, higher up, and Ketcham's fort, still above and outside.

The Indians killed Buskirk and stole his two fine horses. The corpse was brought into Ketcham's fort the same evening, and on the next morning John Johnson, Robert Sturgeon and others came and hauled the corpse to Huff's fort for interment; after which Sturgeon started home and was killed at the half-mile branch, near Vallonia.

Vallonia, Indiana
Vallonia is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Driftwood and Brownstown townships, Jackson County, Indiana, United States. It was an 18th-century French settlement and 19th-century American frontier fortification known as Fort Vallonia. As of the 2010 census, Vallonia had a population of 336.
Harold C. Urey Prize
The Harold C. Urey Prize is awarded annually by the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society.  The prize recognizes and encourages outstanding achievements in planetary science by a young scientist. The prize is named after Harold C. Urey.

American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the advancement of astronomy and closely related branches of science, while the secondary purpose includes enhancing astronomy education and providing a political voice for its members through lobbying and grassroots activities. Its current mission is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe as a diverse and inclusive astronomical community.
Evangelical Covenant Church
The Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) is an evangelical denomination with Pietist Lutheran roots. The denomination has 129,015 members in 878 congregations and an average worship attendance of 219,000 people in the United States and Canada with ministries on five continents.

Mission Covenant Church of Sweden
The Mission Covenant Church of Sweden (Swedish: Svenska Missionskyrkan – until 2003 Svenska Missionsförbundet 'Swedish Mission Covenant'), founded in 1878, was a Swedish evangelical free church in the Radical Pietist tradition. It was the second-largest Protestant denomination in Sweden, after the national church, the Church of Sweden. In 2011, the Mission Covenant Church of Sweden completed a merger with two other denominations, resulting in the new denomination Uniting Church in Sweden (in Swedish: Equmeniakyrkan). The denomination was a member of the Swedish Free Church Council, the International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches, and the World Communion of Reformed Churches.
Landen railway station
Landen is a railway station in the town of Landen, Flemish Brabant, Belgium. The station opened on 2 April 1838 and is located on lines 21 and 36. The train services are operated by National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS).

Landen used to be located on 127 (to Statte) and 147 (to Tamines).

On 19 February 2016 a train ran away from a platform at Landen railway station after the driver left the cabin to inspect the train's mechanics. The train started moving in the direction of Tienen railway station and was stopped 30 minutes and 12 km later by a driver who jumped in the train's cab. No passengers were on the train during the incident.

Landen
Landen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlɑndə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and city located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. The municipality comprises the city of Landen proper and the villages of Attenhoven, Eliksem, Ezemaal, Laar, Neerlanden, Neerwinden, Overwinden, Rumsdorp, Waasmont, Walsbets, Walshoutem, Wange and Wezeren. On January 1, 2006, Landen had a total population of 14,682. The total area is 54.05 km² which gives a population density of 272 inhabitants per km².
Tena (woreda)
Tena is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Diksis woreda was separated form Tena woreda. Part of the Arsi Zone, Tena is bordered on the south by Sherka, on the southwest by Bekoji, on the west by Digeluna Tijo, on the northwest by Hitosa, on the north by Dodotana Sire, on the northeast by Sude, and on the east by Robe. The administrative center of the woreda is Ticho; other towns in Tena include Kela.

Digeluna Tijo
Digeluna Tijo is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Arsi Zone, Digeluna Tijo is bordered on the south by Bekoji, on the southwest by Munesa, on the northwest by Tiyo, on the north by Hitosa, on the northeast by Tena, and on the east by Sherka. The administrative center of this woreda is Sagure; other towns include Digelu and Tijo. digaluna tijo have 26 kebeles , Digalu arrabi , mankula nagele, Tijo 01 , digalu 01 , Tite wajji , mankula nagale , bura jalle Shaldo jigesa , qubsa bora , digalu bora , sagure 01, sagure 02 , jamo, qago ashabaka
David C. Jones
David Charles Jones (July 9, 1921 – August 10, 2013) was a United States Air Force general and the ninth chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In this capacity, Jones served as the highest-ranking uniformed officer of the United States Armed Forces. He previously served as the ninth Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force and fifteenth commander of the United States Air Forces in Europe.

Jones is best known for his efforts to cement the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff as the principal military advisor to the President, as opposed to being a "first among equals" of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Following his retirement from active duty in 1982, he continued to emphasize the importance of such reform, which contributed to the passage of Goldwater-Nichols Act.

Minot State University
Minot State University (MSU or MiSU) is a public university in Minot, North Dakota, United States.  Founded in 1913 as a normal school, MSU evolved into a university in 1987 and is currently the state's third-largest, offering undergraduate and graduate degree programs.

Four schools comprise the university's academic offering. Nine master's degrees and one education specialist degree are offered in areas such as communication disorders, management, and mathematics. A mix of liberal arts and professional programs offers more than 60 majors at the undergraduate level. MSU is a North Dakota University System member.

Minot State's mascot is the beaver, the school colors are red and green (though Maroon has been used at times in the past), and the campus newspaper is the Red and Green. The MSU campus is at the base of Minot's North Hill, just west of Broadway (U.S. Route 83).
1976 Dinefwr Borough Council election
An election to Dinefwr Borough Council was held in May 1976. It was preceded by the 1973 election and followed by the 1979 election. On the same day there was UK local elections and elections to the other district local authorities and community councils in Wales.

Labour held most seats in the more urbanised part of the authority while the rural seats were all won by Independents. Plaid Cymru captured two seats from Labour at Ammanford and Penygroes.

1973 Dinefwr Borough Council election
The first election to Dinefwr Borough Council following the re-organization of local government in Wales was held in May 1973. It was followed by the 1976 election. On the same day there were Local elections to the other District local authorities and community councils in Wales.
Bloodred Tales – Chapter I – The Crimson Season
Bloodred Tales – Chapter I – The Crimson Season is  an EP by the German melodic death metal band, Fragments of Unbecoming released by the band's own label in May, 2002. The limited release edition is sold with an extra cardboard-box, three postcards and the promotion flyer. The entire booklet and inlay are a 5-colour-print/iso-scale plus additional silver.

Fragments of Unbecoming
Fragments of Unbecoming is a melodic death metal band from Laudenbach, Germany. The band's guitarist Sascha Ehrich is also a renowned artist in the metal world, having designed album covers for bands such as Necrophagist. The band's name was taken from the lyrics for the Edge of Sanity song "Darkday".
Ravenor Nicholson
Ravenor Nicholson (born 6 October 1943) is a former South African cricketer, who played four seasons of first-class cricket for the Natal cricket team. A right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler, his only first-class half century was 89 not out for Natal B against Transvaal B in December 1967. Nicholson's best bowling came in the following match against Griqualand West, taking five wickets in each innings, and finishing with match figures of 10/63. Nicholson is the cousin of Test match brothers Peter and Graeme Pollock. His brother Christopher played one first-class match for South African Universities in 1967.

He was born in Durban, Natal.

Chris Nicholson (judge)
Christopher Robert Nicholson, SC (born on 5 February 1945) is a retired South African High Court judge and a former cricketer, who played one first-class match for South African Universities in 1967. He attained prominence as a judge when he ruled that the South African Government had tampered with the evidence in the case against Jacob Zuma, an act that led to the resignation of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki.
Cellulose triacetate
Cellulose triacetate, triacetate, CTA or TAC is a chemical compound produced from cellulose and a source of acetate esters, typically acetic anhydride.  Triacetate is commonly used for the creation of fibres and film base. It is chemically similar to cellulose acetate. Its distinguishing characteristic is that in triacetate, at least "92 percent of the hydroxyl groups are acetylated." During the manufacture of triacetate, the cellulose is completely acetylated; whereas in normal cellulose acetate or cellulose diacetate, it is only partially acetylated.  Triacetate is significantly more heat resistant than cellulose acetate.

Cellulose diacetate
Cellulose diacetate, sometimes called diacetate, is a synthetic polymer made by treating cellulose with acetic acid. It consists of two acetyl functional groups on each unit of D-anhydroglucopyranose of the cellulose molecule. It was first developed in the United States.

It is fragile since it is based on cellulose. When cellulose diacetate deteriorates, it shrinks and releases acetic acid causing  vinegar syndrome.

Cellulose diacetate has been used to make fabrics, membranes, filaments, and many consumer products. From 1922 to 1957 it was used to make film stock, mainly in smaller formats such as 8 mm, 16 mm, 35 mm, and 70 mm. It has also been used in seed coating applications.

In photography, a film substrate made from cellulose diacetate is called safety film.

Cellulose diacetate is hydrophilic and biodegradable.
Uwabaki
Uwabaki (上履き) are a type of Japanese slippers worn indoors at school or certain companies and public buildings where street shoes are prohibited.

Japanese culture mandates that people should remove their shoes when entering homes and other buildings, especially where the floors may have rugs, polished wood floors, or tatami. Uwabaki are light, flexible shoes which are easy to slip on and off, designated for indoor use. As they are not generally worn outside, the soles are kept clean, and thus cleaning and maintenance of the building's floors are kept to a minimum.

At the entrance of every school, from preschool to college, there is a genkan with an assigned locker (getabako) for each student to put uwabaki. A student's grade level is often indicated by a colored stripe across the toes; the body color of the slipper is always white.

Slipper
Slippers are a type of shoes falling under the broader category of light footwear, that are easy to put on and off and are intended to be worn indoors, particularly at home. They provide comfort and protection for the feet when walking indoors.
Ostrów Lednicki
52°31′36″N 17°22′40″E﻿ / ﻿52.52667°N 17.37780°E﻿ / 52.52667; 17.37780

Ostrów Lednicki is an island in the southern portion of Lake Lednica in Poland, located between the cities of Gniezno and Poznań. The word ostrów is an archaic Polish word for "holm" (i.e., river or lake island) - hence in English it is sometimes known as "Lednica Holm".

A gród (a medieval Slavonic fortified settlement) was built here in the Middle Ages.   Existing ruins of a chapel, church and palace, thought to be the home of the first Kings of the Piast dynasty, have been roofed over for preservation.  Today the ruins are of archaeological significance, and the site of the Museum of the Piast Dynasty, opened in 1969.  It is Poland's largest open-air museum.

The site is one of Poland's official national Historic Monuments (Pomnik historii), as one of the first such monuments designated on September 16, 1994.  The list of national monuments is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Gniezno
Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, about 50 kilometres (31 miles) east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The city is the administrative seat of Gniezno County (powiat).

One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, it was the first historical capital of Poland in the 10th century and early 11th century, and afterwards remained one of the main cities of the historic region of Greater Poland. Gniezno is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gniezno, the country's oldest archdiocese, founded in 1000, and its archbishop is the primate of Poland, making the city the country's ecclesiastical capital. The Gniezno Cathedral is one of the most historically important churches in Poland, and as such is a designated Historic Monument of Poland. Other sights include the Old Town and the Museum of the Origins of the Polish State.
Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
August Victor Louis of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: August Viktor Ludwig; 13 June 1818 – 26 July 1881), was a German prince of the Catholic House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was a General Major in the Royal Saxon Army and the owner of Čábráď and Štiavnica, both in modern-day Slovakia.

Princess Leopoldina of Brazil
Leopoldina, Princess Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Leopoldina Teresa Francisca Carolina Miguela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga; 13 July 1847 – 7 February 1871) was a Brazilian-born princess and a member of the Brazilian imperial family. She was the younger daughter of Emperor Pedro II and Empress Teresa Cristina.

Born a Princess of Brazil, Dona Leopoldina renounced her Brazilian dynastic titles upon her marriage in 1864 to Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Following her marriage, she was styled Princess Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duchess of Saxony.

Despite her renunciation, she remained second in the line of succession to the Brazilian throne for several years, due to the childlessness of her elder sister, Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil, at the time. Through her sons, she became the matriarch of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha branch of the Imperial House of Brazil.
Ryan Grim
Ryan W. Grim (born March 23, 1978) is an American author and journalist. Grim was Washington, D.C., bureau chief for HuffPost and formerly the Washington, D.C., bureau chief for The Intercept. In July 2024, Grim and The Intercept's co-founder Jeremy Scahill left The Intercept to co-found Drop Site News.  He is an author and has published some of his books through Strong Arm Press, an independent progressive publishing house he cofounded. Grim and conservative journalist Emily Jashinsky were the regular Friday hosts of Rising before they resigned in September 2022 and joined Breaking Points, where they hosted the now defunct show Counterpoints and frequently appear on episodes as hosts.

Emily Jashinsky
Emily Jashinsky is an American journalist, commentator, and media critic known for her work in conservative media and political analysis. She is the D.C. Correspondent for UnHerd, a co-host on the Breaking Points channel, and hosts both "After Party with Emily Jashinsky" and "Undercurrents" podcasts.
Avon Township, Stearns County, Minnesota
Avon Township is a township in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 2,294 at the 2010 census. The township includes the city of Avon.

Avon Township was organized in 1866.  The township contains one property listed on the National Register of Historic Places: the 1902 Church of the Immaculate Conception.

Stearns County, Minnesota
Stearns County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,292. Its county seat and largest city is St. Cloud.

Included within the Minnesota Territory since 1849, the county was founded by European Americans in 1855. It was originally named for Isaac Ingalls Stevens, then renamed for Charles Thomas Stearns. Stearns County is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Combined Statistical Area.
Neskaupstaður
Neskaupstaður (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈnɛsˌkʰœypˌstaːðʏr̥]) is a town located on the fjord Norðfjörður [ˈnɔrðˌfjœrðʏr̥] on the eastern side of Iceland, against the Norwegian Sea. It is part of the municipality of Fjarðabyggð and, as of 2016, it has a population of 1,481. Neskaupstaður is the second largest town in Eastern Region. The town was originally built on a farm called "Nes", settled by Egill Rauði ("the red").

East Iceland regional hospital is located in the town.

The town was nicknamed "Little Moscow" in the 20th century due its strong socialist background.

Eskifjörður
Eskifjörður (in original spelling; Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈɛscɪˌfjœrðʏr̥] ⓘ), or Eskifjördur, is a town and port in eastern Iceland with a large fishing industry. With a population of 1,043 it is one of the most populous towns in the municipality of Fjarðabyggð.
Solano Avenue
Solano Avenue in Berkeley and Albany, California is a two-mile (3.2 km) long east-west street. Solano Avenue is one of the larger shopping districts in the Berkeley area. Businesses along Solano Avenue cover a wide range, including grocery stores, coffee shops, drugstores, bookstores, antique dealers, apparel outlets, ethnic restaurants and a movie theater.

F (AC Transit)
The F is a bus service operated by AC Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is one of the operator's many transbay routes, which are intended to provide riders a long-distance service across the San Francisco Bay between the East Bay and San Francisco. It specifically connected San Francisco with Emeryville and Berkeley. The service is descendant of the foundational Key System streetcar and ferry line that operated prior to the formation of AC Transit.
13th Canadian Infantry Brigade
The 13th Canadian Infantry Brigade was a formation of the Canadian Army that served in both World Wars. During World War I, the brigade formed part of the 5th Canadian Division. However, the 13th Brigade never saw combat as the brigade along with the 5th Canadian Division was broken up to provide reinforcements to the 4 other divisions of the Canadian Corps. During the Second World War, the brigade formed part of the 6th Canadian Infantry Division serving on the west coast in the home defence role and in June 1943, the brigade took part in Operation Cottage on Kiska during the Aleutian Islands campaign.

Operation Cottage
Operation Cottage was a joint American-Canadian plan to complete the recapture of the Aleutian Islands from the Japanese. On August 15, 1943, Allied military forces landed on Kiska Island, which had been occupied by Japanese forces since June 1942. However, the Japanese had secretly abandoned the island two weeks earlier, and so the Allied landings were unopposed. Allied forces suffered over 500 casualties in total during the operation from Japanese landmines and booby traps, friendly fire incidents, and vehicle accidents.
John Griffiths (archdeacon of Llandaff)
Christianity portal

The Venerable  John Griffiths, BD  (1820 – 1 September 1897), Rector of Neath, was Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1877 to  1897.

He was educated at  St David's College, Lampeter. A past Headmaster of Cardigan Grammar School he was  six times President  of the  National Eisteddfod of Wales.

Archdeacon of Llandaff
The Archdeacon of Llandaff is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church in Wales Diocese of Llandaff. The archdeacon is the senior priest with responsibility over the area of the archdeaconry of Llandaff, one of two archdeaconries in the diocese (the other is Margam). The archdeaconry of Llandaff currently consists of two large deaneries: Cardiff, and Eglwysilan.
Copyright Act of 1976
The Copyright Act of 1976 is a United States copyright law and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States, as amended by several later enacted copyright provisions. The Act spells out the basic rights of copyright holders, codified the doctrine of "fair use", and for most new copyrights adopted a unitary term based on the date of the author's death rather than the prior scheme of fixed initial and renewal terms. It became Public Law number 94-553 on October 19, 1976; most parts of the law went into effect on January 1, 1978.

U.S. Register of Copyrights Barbara Ringer and Congressman Robert Kastenmeier took central roles in drafting the statute.

Work for hire
In copyright law, a work made for hire (work for hire or WFH) is a work whose copyright is initially owned by an entity other than the actual creator as a result of an employment relationship or, in some cases, a commission. It is an exception to the general rule that the person who actually creates a work is the legally-recognized author of that work.

In the United States, United Kingdom, and several other jurisdictions, if a work is created by an employee as part of their job duties, the employer is considered the legal author or first owner of copyright. In some countries, this is known as corporate authorship. The entity serving as an employer may be a corporation or other legal entity, an organization, or an individual.

The work for hire doctrine originated in United States copyright law, but other countries have adopted similar legal principles. In the jurisprudence of the United Kingdom and India, the hiring party is referred to as the first owner of copyright.
2011 World's Strongest Man
The 2011 World's Strongest Man was the 34th edition of World's Strongest Man and was held on the campus grounds of Wingate University in Wingate, North Carolina, US. The event was sponsored by MET-Rx. The qualifying heats were scheduled for September 15–18, and the finals on September 21 and 22, 2011.

Brian Shaw placed first, 2009 and 2010 champion Zydrunas Savickas placed second, and Terry Hollands placed third.

World's Strongest Man
The World's Strongest Man is an international strongman competition held every year. Organized by American event management company IMG, a subsidiary of Endeavor, it is broadcast in the US during summers and in the UK around the end of December each year. Competitors qualify based on placing in the top three at the four to eight Giants Live events each year. The current event sponsor is SBD Apparel.

The competition has been won by 25 men representing 14 nationalities. Three of the past champions Bill Kazmaier, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson and Brian Shaw have been inducted into the International Sports Hall of Fame.