hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nuño González de Lara (died 1275)
Nuño González I de Lara (died 8 September 1275), nicknamed el Bueno ("the Good"), was a Castilian nobleman, royal counsellor and military leader. He was the head of the House of Lara and a close personal friend of Alfonso X. The king's policies often stymied his efforts to increase the power and wealth of his house, and in 1272 he led many prominent noblemen into open rebellion. Restored to favour the next year, he died defending the castle of Écija from a Moroccan invasion.

House of Lara
The House of Lara (Spanish: Casa de Lara) is a noble family from the medieval Kingdom of Castile. Two of its branches, one of the Dukes of Nájera and one of the Marquises of Aguilar de Campoo were considered Grandees of Spain. The Lara family gained numerous territories in Castile, León, Andalucía, and Galicia and members of the family moved throughout the former Spanish colonies, establishing branches as far away as the Philippines and Argentina.

The House of Lara were most prominent in the history of Castile and León from the 11th to the 14th century. Álvaro Núñez de Lara served as regent for Henry I of Castile. They were dispossessed of much of their land by Peter the Cruel, but most was returned by Henry II.
HB Chartres
Horizon de Beaulieu Chartres was a French association football club, most recently known as Chartres Horizon. They were based in the town of Chartres and their home stadium was the Stade de Beaulieu. In May 2018, the club merged with FC Chartres to form C'Chartres Football.

Chartres
Chartres (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁtʁ] ⓘ) is the prefecture of the Eure-et-Loir department in the Centre-Val de Loire region in France. It is located about 90 km (56 mi) southwest of Paris. At the 2019 census, there were 170,763 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Chartres (as defined by the INSEE), 38,534 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Chartres proper.

Chartres is famous worldwide for the Chartres Cathedral. Mostly constructed between 1193 and 1250, this Gothic cathedral is in an exceptional state of preservation. The majority of the original stained glass windows are intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. Part of the old town, including most of the library associated with the School of Chartres, was destroyed by Allied bombs in 1944.
Merry Hill, Wolverhampton
Merry Hill is a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands and a ward of Wolverhampton City Council. It is situated in the south-west of the city, bordering South Staffordshire and the Tettenhall Wightwick, Park, Graiseley and Penn wards. It forms part of the Wolverhampton West constituency.

Merry Hill is itself is the main focal point of the ward, situated at the junction of five main roads. Because of the layout of the ward boundaries, parts of the suburbs of Bradmore, Castlecroft and Finchfield are covered by Merry Hill ward. The population of the ward at the 2011 census was 12,189.

Highfields Secondary school, Uplands Junior school, St Michael's RC Primary school and Springdale Primary school are all situated within the ward.

Merry Hill is served by National Express West Midlands service 4 which operates daily between Spring Hill and the i54 via the city centre.

Finchfield
Finchfield is a suburb of Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. It is located south-west of the city centre, within the Tettenhall Wightwick Ward between the Merry Hill and Tettenhall Regis Wards of Wolverhampton City Council. Many of the streets have arboreal/plant related names.
Portigliola
Portigliola (Calabrian: Portigghiòla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,297 and an area of 6.0 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi).

Portigliola borders the following municipalities: Antonimina, Locri, Sant'Ilario dello Ionio.

Sant'Ilario dello Ionio
Sant'Ilario dello Ionio (Sicilian: Santu Lariu) is a local municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 105 kilometres (65 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,346 and an area of 13.8 square kilometres (5.3 sq mi).

Sant'Ilario dello Ionio borders the following municipalities: Antonimina, Ardore, Ciminà, Locri, Portigliola.
Three different communities are found in this municipality: the ancient borgo di Condojanni, Sant'Ilario centro and la Marina. In the municipality act a  Youth municipality committee  an autonomous organism based on an open and informal model of free youth participation recognized in the statute of the municipality and supported by European Commission.
Friedrich Karl von Moser
Baron Friedrich Karl von Moser Filseck (born 18 December 1723 in Stuttgart; died 11 November 1798 in Ludwigsburg) was a German jurist, state journalist and a politician.

Moser was the eldest son of Johann Jacob Moser. He was educated in the Pietist tradition at Kloster Berge school. He studied law in Jena, and in 1743 became an assistant to his father, a lawyer and diplomat. Between 1747-67 and 1782–98, he was an active writer and journalist.

From 1751-67 Moser lived in Frankfurt. In 1769 he was made a baron. In 1772 he was appointed as First Minister by Ludwig IX. He reorganised the finances of the state, which had accumulated heavy debts. Moser reached a settlement of these debts. His autocratic style of government made him many enemies. He resigned in 1780, and returned to writing.

From 1783-90 Moser lived in Mannheim, then in Ludwigsburg.

Johann Jakob Moser
Johann Jakob Moser (18 January 1701 – 30 September 1785) was a German jurist, publicist and researcher, whose work earned him the title "The Father of German Constitutional Law" and whose political commitment to the principles of Liberalism caused him to lose academic positions and spend years as a political prisoner.  Moser was born and died in Stuttgart.
Siuslaw News
The Siuslaw News is a weekly newspaper published in Florence, Oregon, United States, since 1904. The News covers western Lane County, from the Pacific Ocean to Deadwood and Greenleaf, and from Yachats on the north to Gardiner on the south. It is published on Wednesdays and has a circulation of 4,000. The paper was published weekly until 2000, when its frequency was increased to twice-weekly, and returned to weekly publication in July 2022.

Florence, Oregon
Florence is a coastal city in Lane County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies at the mouth of the Siuslaw River on the Pacific Ocean and about midway between Newport to the north and Coos Bay to the south along U.S. Route 101. As of August 14, 2023, the city had a total population of 9,553.
Alexia (singer)
Alessia Aquilani (born 19 May 1967), known professionally as Alexia, is an Italian singer-songwriter. Before recording in Italian in the 2000s, she made records in English in the 1990s. Many of those were international hits. Before her solo career, she was the vocalist of Ice MC.

She has performed  at the Festivalbar nine times, and four times at the Sanremo Music Festival in which she has earned, besides several music critic awards, three second-placings, and one first-placing in 2003.

Ale (album)
Ale is the eighth studio album by Italian singer Alexia released in 2008. The album is the first release on the Edel label after Alexia left Sony Music in 2007 and was the first studio album Alexia had released since 2004's Gli occhi grandi della luna. The album was released in Italy on CD on 27 June 2008 and for digital download the next day. A version which included the song Biancaneve was released in Europe on 24 July 2009.

Two singles were released from the album: "Grande coraggio" which had two videos filmed, one of which contained clips of Alexia in the studio recording the album and at the album photoshoot which was used to promote both album and single; "Guardarti dentro" was the second single and as it was just a one track digital release which did not differ from the album, no separate download track was issued. Initially "Estate" was planned to be the first single from the album.
Sum rules (quantum field theory)
In quantum field theory, a sum rule is a relation between a static quantity and an integral over a dynamical quantity. Therefore, they have a form such as:

where  is the dynamical quantity, for example a structure function characterizing a particle, and  is the static quantity, for example the mass or the charge of that particle.

Quantum field theory sum rules should not be confused with sum rules in quantum chromodynamics or quantum mechanics.

James Bjorken
James Daniel "BJ" Bjorken (June 22, 1934 – August 6, 2024) was an American theoretical physicist. He was a Putnam Fellow in 1954, received a BS in physics from MIT in 1956, and obtained his PhD from Stanford University in 1959. Bjorken was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in the fall of 1962. He was also emeritus professor in the SLAC Theory Group at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, and was a member of the Theory Department of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (1979–1989).

Bjorken was awarded the Dirac Medal of the ICTP in 2004;  and, in 2015, the Wolf Prize in Physics  and the EPS High Energy and Particle Physics Prize.
Levendale
54°30′11″N 1°19′59″W﻿ / ﻿54.503°N 1.333°W﻿ / 54.503; -1.333
Levendale is a small housing estate in the south-east of Yarm, in North Yorkshire, England, which is bordered by the River Leven.  It is also known as Ingleby Grange.  The estate is built in former area occupied by Leven Mouth Farm.

Levendale has been, and is the home to many of Middlesbrough F.C.'s footballers.

Other than houses, Levendale has one Primary School, and an independent  convenience store as well as various large open spaces including one that runs down the middle of the estate where electricity pylons used to stand until they were removed in the summer of 2004.
Half of the estate's streets follow a naming theme of villages in the North York Moors.

Yarm
Yarm-on-Tees, or simply Yarm, is a market town in North Yorkshire, England. It lies on a meander of the River Tees, extending south-east to the River Leven and south to the village of Kirklevington. A civil parish in the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees, Yarm is near the towns of Stockton-on-Tees, 5 miles (8.0 km) to its northeast, and Darlington, 11 miles (18 km) to its west.

Yarm is known for its high street, voted Britain's best in a 2007 BBC Breakfast poll, and the Yarm Viaduct which spans across the town. It is also known locally for its annual funfair.
Canadian Car and Foundry
The Canadian Car & Foundry Company, Limited, and from 1957 onwards the Canadian Car Company Limited, was a manufacturer of buses, railway rolling stock, forestry equipment, and later aircraft for the Canadian market. CC&F history goes back to 1897, but the main company was established in 1909 from an amalgamation of several companies and later became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada through the purchase by A.V. Roe Canada in 1957. Today the remaining factories are part of Alstom after its acquisition of Bombardier Transportation completed in 2021.

Canadian Car was one of three corporate combinations formed by the Lord Beaverbrook in 1909, the others being Canada Cement and Stelco.

Noorduyn Norseman
The Noorduyn Norseman, also known as the C-64 Norseman, is a Canadian single-engine bush plane designed to operate from unimproved surfaces. Distinctive stubby landing gear protrusions from the lower fuselage make it easily recognizable.

Introduced in 1935, the Norseman remained in production for almost 25 years with over 900 produced. A number of examples remain in commercial and private use to this day. Norseman aircraft are known to have been registered or operated in 68 countries and also have been based and flown in the Arctic and Antarctic regions.
Worlds of Tomorrow (magazine)
Worlds of Tomorrow was an American science fiction magazine published from 1963 to 1967, at which point it was merged into If. The first issue appeared in April 1963. The last issue was published in May 1967. The publishers were Barmaray Co, New York City, and then Galaxy Publishing. It briefly resumed publication from Summer 1970 to Spring 1971, producing three issues. The magazine was edited in its first period of publication by Frederik Pohl, who was editor of Galaxy Publishing Co. from 1960-1969, and by Ejler Jakobsson in the second. It has published fiction by such noted authors as Arthur C. Clarke, Larry Niven, Fritz Leiber, Philip K. Dick, Brian W. Aldiss, Jack Williamson and Philip José Farmer. Pohl stated in 1967 that the magazine showed a loss of $15,000 (equivalent to $141,452 in 2024) during its first incarnation.

If (magazine)
If was an American science fiction magazine launched in March 1952 by Quinn Publications, owned by James L. Quinn.

The magazine was moderately successful, though for most of its run it was not considered to be in the first tier of American science fiction magazines. It achieved its greatest success under editor Frederik Pohl, winning the Hugo Award for best professional magazine three years running from 1966 to 1968. If published many award-winning stories over its 22 years, including Robert A. Heinlein's novel The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress and Harlan Ellison's short story "I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream". The most prominent writer to make his first sale to If was Larry Niven, whose story "The Coldest Place" appeared in the December 1964 issue.

If was merged into Galaxy Science Fiction after the December 1974 issue, its 175th issue overall.
Spetsnaz
Spetsnaz (Russian: Спецназ) are special forces in the former Soviet Union and Russia. Historically, this term referred to the Soviet Union's Spetsnaz GRU, special operations units of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Soviet General Staff (GRU). Today it refers to special forces branches and task forces subordinate to ministries including defence, internal affairs, or emergency situations in countries that have inherited their special purpose units from the now-defunct Soviet security agencies.

Russian Ground Forces
The Russian Ground Forces (Russian: Сухопу́тные войска́ [СВ], romanized: Sukhopútnye Voyská [SV]), also known as the Russian Army in English, are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces.

The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces are the protection of the state borders and land-based combat operations.
The president of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces is appointed by the president of Russia. The Main Command of the Ground Forces is based in Moscow.
Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property
The Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property is a student-run law journal published at Chicago-Kent College of Law since 1999. It covers all aspects of intellectual property law, including patent law, trademark law, copyright law, and trade secrets. Journal issues are available on Westlaw, LexisNexis, and HeinOnline. The journal also has a blog presenting short summaries and updates on intellectual property law.

Notable authors include Chief Judge Diane Wood of the Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, Judge M. Margaret McKeown of the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Judge Timothy B. Dyk of the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, David Kappos, the former USPTO Director, and Professor Rebecca Tushnet of Georgetown Law Center.

Chicago-Kent College of Law
The Chicago-Kent College of Law is the law school of the Illinois Institute of Technology, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. It is the second oldest law school in the state of Illinois (after Northwestern Law).

Chicago-Kent was founded in 1888 by Justice Joseph M. Bailey. Today, it employs more than 140 faculty members and hosts more than 700 students in its Juris Doctor program, Master of Laws, and joint degree programs. The school is recognized for its three-year legal writing curriculum and offers J.D. concentrations in business law, criminal litigation, environmental and energy law, intellectual property, labor and employment, and privacy law.
Diocese of Youngstown
The Diocese of Youngstown (Latin: Dioecesis Youngstonensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in northeastern Ohio in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati.

The Diocese of Youngstown consists of six counties: Mahoning, Trumbull, Columbiana, Stark, Portage, and Ashtabula. The mother church of the diocese is St. Columba Cathedral in Youngstown.

Archdiocese of Cincinnati
The Archdiocese of Cincinnati (Latin: Archidiœcesis Cincinnatensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the State of Ohio. The archbishop is Robert Casey. The mother church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Peter in Chains in Cincinnati.
Wyatt family
The Wyatt family included several of the major English architects during the 18th and 19th centuries, and a significant 18th century inventor, John Wyatt (1700–1766), the eldest son of John Wyatt (1675–1742).

James Wyatt
James Wyatt PRA (3 August 1746 – 4 September 1813) was an English architect who was a rival of Robert Adam in the neoclassical and neo-Gothic styles. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in 1785 and was its president from 1805 to 1806.
Podenzano
Podenzano (Piacentino: Pudinsàn [pudiŋˈsaŋ]) is a comune in the Province of Piacenza, Emilia-Romagna, northern  Italy.

It is bordered by the following municipalities: Gossolengo, Piacenza, Pontenure, Rivergaro, San Giorgio Piacentino, Vigolzone.

The patron saint is San Giovanni Bosco. The main parish church is San Germano e San Giovanni Bosco.

Vigolzone
Vigolzone (Piacentino: Vigulson) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Piacenza.

Vigolzone borders the following municipalities: Bettola, Podenzano, Ponte dell'Olio, Rivergaro, San Giorgio Piacentino, Travo.

In the early 20th century, the frazione of Grazzano received the name Visconti when Giuseppe Visconti, father of the filmmaker Luchino, restored the medieval castle built there by Gian Galeazzo Visconti for his half-sister Beatrice Visconti, daughter of Galeazzo II Visconti and his mistress Malgarola da Lucino - it remained in the family of her first husband Giovanni Anguissola (1340/1350-post 1395) until 1884.
Street artist
A street artist is a person who makes art in public places. Street artists include portrait artists, caricaturists, graffiti artists, muralists and people making crafts. Street artists can also refer to street performers such as musicians, acrobats, jugglers, living statues, and street theatre performers. Street artists can be seen throughout the world.

Street painting
Street painting, also known as screeving, pavement art, street art, and sidewalk art, is the performance art of rendering artistic designs on pavement such as streets, sidewalks, and town squares with impermanent and semi-permanent materials such as chalk.
Rupertswood railway station
Rupertswood railway station was located in the north-western Melbourne suburb of Sunbury, in Victoria, Australia, on the Melbourne – Bendigo rail line. It was provided in 1879 as a private platform for William John Clarke. Although eventually opened to general passengers in February 1962, train services only stopped to pick up and set down students attending the adjacent Salesian College.

Salesian College (Rupertswood)
Salesian College is an independent Roman Catholic, co-educational secondary school located in Sunbury, Victoria, Australia. The college is a member of the Sports Association of Catholic Co-educational Secondary Schools (SACCSS).
Flussio
Flussio (Sardinian: Frussìo) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Oristano. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 492 and an area of 6.9 square kilometres (2.7 sq mi).

Flussio borders the following municipalities: Magomadas, Modolo, Sagama, Scano di Montiferro, Sennariolo, Suni, Tinnura, Tresnuraghes.

Tinnura
Tinnura is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Oristano. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 268 and an area of 3.8 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi).

Tinnura borders the following municipalities: Flussio, Sagama, Suni.
Arthur R. Wilson
Major General Arthur Riehl Wilson CBE (July 18, 1894 – August 11, 1956) was a highly decorated United States Army officer who served during World War I and World War II. He wrote an account of U.S. Army operations in North Africa titled Report of Operations in North Africa. Previously, he also served in the Pacific Theater, as quartermaster, working to "infuse vigor into all supply activities in Australia".

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Fanny Street
Fanny Street (21 November 1877, Wilton, Wiltshire - 20 March 1962, Hindhead, Surrey)  was Acting Principal of Royal Holloway College, University of London (RHC) in 1944–1945. Her brother was Arthur George Street author of Farmer's Glory.

A. G. Street
Arthur George Street (7 April 1892 – 21 July 1966), who wrote under the name of A. G. Street, was an English farmer, writer and broadcaster. A number of his books were published by the literary publishing house of Faber and Faber. His best-known book was Farmer's Glory, describing his time in Canada and how he returned to Wiltshire.
La Force Prison
La Force Prison was a French prison located in the Rue du Roi de Sicile, in what is now the 4th arrondissement of Paris. Originally known as the Hôtel de la Force, the buildings formed the private residence of Henri-Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de la Force. Towards the end of the reign of Louis XIV, the Hôtel de la Force was divided into two parts, one of which took the name of the Hôtel de Brienne, and had its entrance in the Rue Pavée; the other retained its former name and had its entrance in the Rue du Roi de Sicile.

Marie Thérèse Louise of Savoy, Princesse de Lamballe
Marie-Thérèse Louise of Savoy, Princesse de Lamballe (Italian: Maria Teresa Luisa; 8 September 1749 – 3 September 1792) was an Italian noblewoman and member of the Savoy-Carignano cadet branch of the House of Savoy. She was married at the age of 17 to Louis Alexandre de Bourbon-Penthièvre, Prince de Lamballe, the heir to the greatest fortune in France. After her marriage, which lasted a year, she went to the French royal court and became the confidante of Queen Marie Antoinette. She was killed in the massacres of September 1792 during the French Revolution.