hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sipey Bluff
Sipey Bluff (Bulgarian: рид Сипей, romanized: rid Sipey, IPA: [ˈrid ˈsipɛj]) is the bluff rising to 2270 m in Veregava Ridge, central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It surmounts Orizari Glacier to the south-southwest, Dater Glacier to the west and north, and Berisad Glacier to the east.

The peak is named after the settlement of Sipey in Southern Bulgaria.

Berisad Glacier
Berisad Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Берисад, romanized: lednik Berisad, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ ˈbɛrisɐt]) is a glacier 3 nmi (6 km; 3 mi) long and 1 nmi (2 km; 1 mi) wide in Veregava Ridge, central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It flows north-northwestwards from Kushla Peak to join Dater Glacier northeast of Sipey Bluff.

The glacier is named after the Thracian king Berisad, 358-352 BC.
∞-groupoid
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an ∞-groupoid is an abstract homotopical model for topological spaces. One model uses Kan complexes which are fibrant objects in the category of simplicial sets (with the standard model structure). It is an ∞-category generalization of a groupoid, a category in which every morphism is an isomorphism.

The homotopy hypothesis states that ∞-groupoids are equivalent to spaces up to homotopy.: 2–3

Postnikov system
In homotopy theory, a branch of algebraic topology, a Postnikov system (or Postnikov tower) is a way of decomposing a topological space by filtering its homotopy type. What this looks like is for a space  there is a list of spaces  where

and there is a series of maps  that are fibrations with fibers Eilenberg-MacLane spaces . In short, we are decomposing the homotopy type of  using an inverse system of topological spaces whose homotopy type at degree  agrees with the truncated homotopy type of the original space . Postnikov systems were introduced by, and are named after, Mikhail Postnikov.

There is a similar construction called the Whitehead tower (defined below) where instead of having spaces  with the homotopy type of  for degrees , these spaces have null homotopy groups  for .
Brock Badgers women's basketball
The Brock Badgers women's basketball team represents Brock University in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports women's basketball. The Badgers have won two OUA championships, winning the Critelli Cup in 1983 and 2020.

Brock Badgers
The Brock Badgers are the athletics teams that represent Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario. To date, the Badgers have won 47 National Championships and 94 Ontario Championships, and are members of the OUA, U Sports, CUFLA, CURC, OIWFA and OUBHL.

While technically not considered a varsity team, Brock has a university ringette team which competes annually in the Canadian national University Challenge Cup.
Sluis
Sluis (Dutch: [slœys] ⓘ; Zeelandic: Sluus [slys]; French: Écluse) is a city and municipality located in the west of Zeelandic Flanders, in the south-western Dutch province of Zeeland.

The current incarnation of the municipality has existed since 1 January 2003. The former municipalities of Oostburg and Sluis-Aardenburg merged on that date. The latter as formed in 1995 from a merger between the previous municipality of Sluis and the former municipality of Aardenburg.

Zeelandic Flanders
Zeelandic Flanders (Dutch: Zeeuws-Vlaanderen [ˌzeːusˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; Zeeuws: Zeêuws-Vlaonderen; West Flemish: Zêeuws-Vloandern)  is the southernmost region of the province of Zeeland in the south-western Netherlands. It lies south of the Western Scheldt that separates the region from the remainder of Zeeland and the mainland Netherlands to the north. Zeelandic Flanders is bordered to the south and to the east by Belgium.
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (1983 TV series)
G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (retitled Action Force in the United Kingdom, also known as G.I. Joe: International Heroes in some international English-speaking regions) is a half-hour American military science fiction animated television series created by Ron Friedman. Based on the toyline from Hasbro, the cartoon ran in syndication from 1983 to 1986. 95 episodes were produced.

Cobra Troopers
The Cobra Troopers serve as the basic foot soldiers of the Cobra Organization, as part of the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. They are generally depicted as legions of uniformed soldiers, nearly all of them masked to appear anonymous, and widely diversified according to specialties and functions.
Wall, Texas
Wall is an unincorporated community  in Tom Green County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 200 in 2000. The community is part of the San Angelo, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

San Angelo metropolitan area
The San Angelo metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is a metropolitan area in West Texas that covers two counties - Tom Green and Irion. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 111,823, with a 2014 estimate of 118,182.
Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission
The Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC/CCR; French: Commission canadienne de radiodiffusion), also referred to as the Canadian Radio Commission (CRC), was Canada's first public broadcaster and the immediate precursor to the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

CBO-FM
CBO-FM is a Canadian radio station. It is the CBC Radio One station in Ottawa, Ontario, airing at 91.5 FM, and serves much of Eastern Ontario through a network of relay transmitters. CBO's Ottawa-area transmitter is located in Camp Fortune, Quebec, while its studios are located in the CBC Ottawa Broadcast Centre on Queen Street (across from the O-Train Line 1 light rail station) in Downtown Ottawa.
Great Brynhill
Great Brynhill is a small hamlet and farm in the Vale of Glamorgan in south Wales. It consists little more than a few farms including the Little Brynhill Farm and Thorn Falcon Farm (Little Brynhill) and the Great Brynhill Farm. It is located in the historical parish of Merthyr Dyfan and near Colcot now northern districts of the town of Barry. It is accessed via a lane from Port Road (the A4050 road) but can also be accessed from Dyffryn along the lane to the New Wallace Farm and Goldsland which lie just to the northeast.

"Bryn" means "hill" in Welsh, so the name literally means "Great hill hill". The Little Brynhill Farm is owned by the Tanner family who are notable milk suppliers in Barry under the company name "W. A. Tanner & Son". One of the farms sold off some of their land along with neighbouring Highlight Farm when Brynhill Golf Club was formed in 1921. According to the Barry & District News, Thorn Falcon Farm sold for £400,000 on 25 November 2005.

Colcot
Colcot is a northern district of Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, in the Dyfan ward of South Wales. Dyfan ward is situated in the north west of Barry and its most northern edge is on the green belt of the town. Port Road West runs through the ward and is the main route to Cardiff and Cardiff International Airport in Rhoose.  Dyfan benefits from a sports centre and Buttrills recreation field and The Barry Hospital is located on Colcot Road. It also contains the Colcot Primary School, the Colcot Arms pub, the St David's Methodist Church, Coastlands Family Church, a fish and chip shop/Chinese takeaway, Barry Arts Centre and Merthyr Dyfan Cemetery.
Jade Flowerpots and Bound Feet
Jade Flowerpots and Bound Feet is a 2001 play by American playwright David Henry Hwang. It deals with a Caucasian woman passing herself off as a minority for a book sell to a major publishing company. The play premiered as part of the production The Square, a night of short plays dealing with Asian American identity conceived by Lisa Peterson and Chay Yew. It started its run on November 5, 2001, at the Joseph Papp Public Theater. It was directed by Peterson.

It is published as part of 2004: The Best Ten-Minute Plays for Two Actors by Smith and Kraus.

David Henry Hwang
David Henry Hwang (born August 11, 1957) is an American playwright, librettist, screenwriter, and theater professor at Columbia University in New York City. He has won three Obie Awards for his plays  FOB, Golden Child, and Yellow Face. He has one Tony Award (M. Butterfly) and three other nominations (Golden Child, Flower Drum Song, and Yellow Face). Three of his works (M. Butterfly, Yellow Face, and Soft Power) have been finalists for the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.
Toreutics
The term toreutics, relatively rarely used in English, refers to artistic metalworking – hammering gold or silver (or other materials), engraving, or using repoussé and chasing to form minute detailed reliefs or small engraved patterns.  Toreutics can include metal-engraving – forward-pressure linear metal removal with a burin.

Toreutics is extremely ancient, and depending on the metal used will survive burial for periods of centuries better than art in many other materials.  Conversely if above ground it was likely to be melted down and the metal reused. Until the Middle Ages it was also among the art forms with the highest prestige.

Persian-Sassanid art patterns
Persian-Sassanide art patterns have similarities with the art of the Bulgars, Khazars, and Saka-Scythians, and have recurred in Asia. They predominantly feature motifs of fighting animals. Gold was frequently used as a base for their art creations.
Ōta-juku Nakasendō Museum
Ōta-juku Nakasendō Museum (太田宿中山道会館, Ōta-juku Nakasendō Kaikan) is a museum dedicated to the history and culture of the Nakasendō's Ōta-juku and is located in the city of Minokamo, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

Ōta-juku
Ōta-juku (太田宿, Ōta-juku) was the fifty-first of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It is located in former Mino Province in what is now part of the city of Minokamo, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.
Square Peristyle
The Square Peristyle is the modern name for a structure on the east side of the Ancient Agora of Athens, which was among the largest peristyles built in Classical Greece. Construction began around 300 BC, but was abandoned ca. 285-275 BC, leaving the structure unfinished. It probably served as Athens' law courts at the beginning of the Hellenistic period, but fell out of use. In the early second century BC the building was demolished and the material was reused in South Stoa II, on the southern side of the Agora. The Stoa of Attalos was subsequently built over the top of its foundations.

Traces of the structure were revealed by American excavations in the 1950s, but were covered over shortly thereafter when the Stoa of Attalos was rebuilt.

Ancient Agora of Athens
The Ancient Agora of Athens (also called the Classical Agora) is an ancient Greek agora. It is located to the northwest of the Acropolis, and bounded on the south by the hill of the Areopagus and on the west by the hill known as the Agoraios Kolonos, also called Market Hill. The Agora's initial use was for a commercial, assembly, or residential gathering place.
Pierre Petit (engineer)
Pierre Petit (8 December 1594 – 20 August 1677) was a French astronomer, physicist, mathematician and instrument maker.

Petit was born in Montluçon, Bourbonnais, France. He succeeded his father in his municipal office (Contrôleur de l'élection), but went to Paris in 1633 to dedicate himself to the sciences. He was a member of the circle around Marin Mersenne, and knew Etienne Pascal, Blaise Pascal, and René Descartes. Later he was a member of the academy of Montmor. On 4 April 1667 he became a fellow of The Royal Society.

He also served as a military engineer and geographer to Louis XIII and Louis XIV, in roles such as Superintendent of Fortifications.

He died in Lagny-sur-Marne in 1677.

Marin Mersenne
Marin Mersenne, OM (also known as Marinus Mersennus or le Père Mersenne; French: [maʁɛ̃ mɛʁsɛn]; 8 September 1588 – 1 September 1648) was a French polymath whose works touched a wide variety of fields.  He is perhaps best known today among mathematicians for Mersenne prime numbers, those written in the form Mn = 2n − 1 for some integer n.  He also developed Mersenne's laws, which describe the harmonics of a vibrating string (such as may be found on guitars and pianos), and his seminal work on music theory, Harmonie universelle, for which he is referred to as the "father of acoustics".

Mersenne, an ordained Catholic priest, had many contacts in the scientific world and has been called "the center of the world of science and mathematics during the first half of the 1600s" and, because of his ability to make connections between people and ideas, "the post-box of Europe".  He was also a member of the ascetical Minim religious order and wrote and lectured on theology and philosophy.
Mask
A mask is an object normally worn on the face, typically for protection, disguise, performance, or entertainment, and often employed for rituals and rites. Masks have been used since antiquity for both ceremonial and practical purposes, as well as in the performing arts and for entertainment. They are usually worn on the face, though they may also be positioned elsewhere on the wearer's body for effect.

In art history, especially sculpture, "mask" is the term for a face without a body that is not modelled in the round (which would make it a "head"), but, for example, appears in low relief.

Carnival of Venice
The Carnival of Venice (Italian: Carnevale di Venezia; Venetian: Carnaval de Venessia) is an annual festival held in Venice, Italy, famous for its elaborate costumes and masks. The Carnival ends on Shrove Tuesday (Martedì Grasso or Mardi Gras), which is the day before the start of Lent on Ash Wednesday.

The Carnival traces its origins to the Middle Ages, existing for several centuries until it was abolished in 1797. The tradition was revived in 1979, and the modern event now attracts approximately 3 million visitors annually.
Young Socialists (Poland)
The Young Socialists (Młodzi Socjaliści) was a Polish left-wing political organization existing between 2005 and 2015. Its goal was to promote socialist values, social equality, economic justice and participatory democracy. The group was a response of the young generation of activists to the lack of representation of the radical left in Polish politics.

Partia Razem
Partia Razem (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpar.tja ˈra.zɛm], meaning 'Together Party') is a left-wing political party in Poland. It was founded in 2015, and from 2019 to 2024 the party's official name was Lewica Razem ([lɛˈvi.t͡sa ˈra.zɛm], 'Left Together').

The party was one of the eight nationwide committees standing in the 2015 parliamentary election. Party co-leaders are Adrian Zandberg and Aleksandra Owca, elected at the end of November and beginning of December 2024, following a split in the party in October. It supports principles of social democracy, democratic socialism, and social liberalism, and has expressed progressive views. The party is critical of the historical post-communist Democratic Left Alliance. It is a part of the European Left Alliance for the People and the Planet; a pan-European party that supports an alternative to capitalism. It was a member of the Progressive International and DiEM25.
Xinmin, Liaoning
The city of Xinmin (Chinese: 新民; pinyin: Xīnmín; Wade–Giles: Hsin-min) is a county-level city of Liaoning Province, Northeast China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shenyang. It contains the westernmost point of and is by far the most spacious of the county-level divisions of Shenyang City. Xinmin borders Faku County to the northeast, Shenbei New Area and Yuhong District to the east, Tiexi District to the southeast, and Liaozhong County to the south; it also borders the prefecture-level cities of Jinzhou to the west and Fuxin to the northwest.

Liaozhong District
Liaozhong District (simplified Chinese: 辽中区; traditional Chinese: 遼中區; pinyin: Liáozhōng Qū) is one of ten districts of the prefecture-level city of Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning Province, Northeast China. The name of the district literally means "Central Liao[ning]", referring to its central location within the province. It lies 67 km (42 mi) southwest of the downtown of Shenyang, near the intersection of G1 Beijing–Harbin Expressway and G91 Liaozhong Ring Expressway. As of 2020, it had a population of 395,017 residing in an area of 1,648 km2 (636 sq mi). It is the southernmost county-level division of Shenyang City, bordering Xinmin City to the north, and Tiexi District to the northeast, as well as the prefecture-level cities of Liaoyang to the southeast, Anshan to the south and southwest, and Jinzhou to the west.
Worcester Bravehearts
The Worcester Bravehearts are a summer collegiate baseball team based in Worcester, Massachusetts, US, that plays in the Futures Collegiate Baseball League (FCBL) of New England starting in 2014. The team's home games are played at Hanover Insurance Park at Fitton Field in Worcester.

The Bravehearts brought baseball back to Worcester after the Worcester Tornadoes franchise was disbanded in 2012.

Bristol Blues
The Bristol Blues are a summer collegiate baseball team based in Bristol, Connecticut.  It is a member of the New England Collegiate Baseball League (NECBL), a wood-bat league with a 44-game regular season that has 13 franchises covering all six New England states. The team's home games are played at Muzzy Field in Bristol.
Śródmieście, Warsaw
Śródmieście (Polish: [ɕrudˈmjɛɕ.t͡ɕɛ]), also anglicised as Downtown, is the central district of Warsaw, the capital city of Poland. It encompasses the Old Town, the city's historic core, and is the centre of cultural, commercial and political life of the capital.

Krasiński Square
Krasiński Square (Polish: plac Krasińskich) is a square in the central district of Warsaw, Poland. The square itself is adjacent to Warsaw Old Town and features buildings of great historical and national significance.

The square is located between Długa Street and the outlet of Miodowa Street, and Świętojerska and Bonifraterska Streets. Its name commemorates the Krasiński family of the Ślepowron coat of arms, the owners of the Krasiński Palace.
Theophanu
Theophanu Skleraina (German pronunciation: [te.o.fa.ˈnuː]; also Theophania, Theophana, Theophane or Theophano; Greek: Θεοφανώ, romanized: Theofanó; c. 955 –  15 June 991) was empress of the Holy Roman Empire by marriage to Emperor Otto II, and regent of the Empire during the minority of their son, Emperor Otto III, from 983 until her death in 991.
She was the niece of the Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimiskes. Theophanu was known to be a forceful and capable ruler, and her status in the history of the Empire was in many ways exceptional. Her official titles contained 'consors imperii', which her stepmother Adelaide of Italy already received and 'comperatrix augusta', which was modeled after the Byzantine position of the empress to ensure succession and regencies.

Henry II, Duke of Bavaria
Henry II (951 – 28 August 995), called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome (German: Heinrich der Zänker), a member of the German royal Ottonian dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria from 955 to 976 and again from 985 to 995, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 989 to 995.
Procopius (magister militum)
Procopius (fl. 420s) was a Roman patrician and military leader.

Descended from the Roman usurper Procopius, Procopius was the father of Roman Emperor Anthemius, and married to the daughter of Flavius Anthemius.

In the Roman–Sasanian War of 421–422, Procopius commanded soldiers of the late Roman army (possibly as a dux or comes rei militaris) and secured the rescue of Roman units that were ambushed by Zhayedan forces.  In 422, he was an envoy in the conflict-ending negotiations.  For these successes, Procopius was awarded the title of patrician and made magister militum per Orientem (possibly by Theodosius II to succeed Ardabur), a post he held through at least 424.

Anthemius (praetorian prefect)
Anthemius (Greek: Άνθέμιος, fl. 400–414) was a statesman of the Later Roman Empire. He is notable as a praetorian prefect of the East in the later reign of Arcadius and the first years of Theodosius II, during which time he led the government of the Eastern Roman Empire on behalf of the child emperor and supervised the construction of the first set of the Theodosian Walls.
Adventure (magazine)
Adventure was an American pulp magazine that was first published in November 1910 by the Ridgway company, a subsidiary of the Butterick Publishing Company. Adventure went on to become one of the most profitable and critically acclaimed of all the American pulp magazines.  The magazine had 881 issues. Its first editor was Trumbull White. He was succeeded in 1912 by Arthur Sullivant Hoffman (1876–1966), who edited the magazine until 1927.

Henry Bedford-Jones
Henry James O'Brien Bedford-Jones (April 29, 1887 – May 6, 1949) was a Canadian-American historical, adventure fantasy, science fiction, crime and Western writer who became a naturalized United States citizen in 1908.
Stephen Hackett (hurler)
Stephen Hackett (26 December 1891 – 10 January 1969) was an Irish hurler who played as a centre-back for the Tipperary senior team.

Hackett made his first appearance for the team during the 1913 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen at various times until his retirement after the 1932 championship. During that time, he won one All-Ireland medal and three Munster medals.

At club level, Hackett was a multiple county championship medalist with Toomevara.

His brother, Martin Hackett, was an All-Ireland winner with Dublin.

Martin Hackett
Martin Hackett (born 4 January 1891) was an Irish hurler who played for the Dublin senior team.

Hackett made his first appearance for the team during the 1917 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen for just one season. It was a successful year as he won one All-Ireland SHC medal and one Leinster SHC medal.

At club level, Hackett was a one-time county club championship medalist with Collegians.

His brother, Stephen, was an All-Ireland SHC winner with Tipperary.
Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was first identified in 1973 as the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) before discovery that p75NTR bound other neurotrophins equally well as nerve growth factor. p75NTR is a neurotrophic factor receptor. Neurotrophic factor receptors bind Neurotrophins including Nerve growth factor, Neurotrophin-3, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and Neurotrophin-4. All neurotrophins bind to p75NTR. This also includes the immature pro-neurotrophin forms. Neurotrophic factor receptors, including p75NTR, are responsible for ensuring a proper density to target ratio of developing neurons, refining broader maps in development into precise connections. p75NTR is involved in pathways that promote neuronal survival and neuronal death.

C-Jun N-terminal kinases
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain. They belong to the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet irradiation, heat shock, and osmotic shock. They also play a role in T cell differentiation and the cellular apoptosis pathway. Activation occurs through a dual phosphorylation of threonine (Thr) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues within a Thr-Pro-Tyr motif located in kinase subdomain VIII. Activation is carried out by two MAP kinase kinases, MKK4 and MKK7, and JNK can be inactivated by Ser/Thr and Tyr protein phosphatases. It has been suggested that this signaling pathway contributes to inflammatory responses in mammals and insects.
Ōsumi Station
Ōsumi Station (大住駅, Ōsumi-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Kyōtanabe, Kyoto, Japan, operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). There is a transfer at this station to the nearby Miyamaki Station on the Kintetsu Kyoto Line.

Kyōtanabe
Kyōtanabe (京田辺市, Kyōtanabe-shi) is a city located in the southern part of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2023, the city has an estimated population of 71,757 in 31,555 households and a population density of 1700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 42.92 square kilometres (16.57 sq mi).