hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sons of Iraq
The Sons of Iraq (Arabic: أبناء العراق Abnāʼ al-ʻIrāq), also known as al-Sahwah (Arabic: الصحوة, lit. 'the awakening'),  were a coalition in the Al Anbar governorate in Iraq between Sunni tribal leaders as well as former Saddam-era Iraqi military officers that united in 2005 to maintain stability in their communities. A moderate group, they were initially sponsored by the US military.

After arriving into power, Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki relied on sectarian policies to consolidate his power. Maliki denounced the Sons of Iraq as a national threat, actively dismantling them and refusing to integrate them into Iraqi security services. Sunnis formerly serving with the group were faced with options including becoming unemployed or joining the Islamic State. This turn of events is considered a key factor that contributed to the failure of Iraq to stabilize, ultimately leading to the War in Iraq (2013-17).

Al-Qaeda in Iraq
Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) was a Salafi jihadist organization affiliated with al-Qaeda. It was founded on 17 October 2004, and was led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi until its disbandment on 15 October 2006 after he was killed in a targeted bombing on 7 June 2006 in Hibhib, Iraq by the United States Air Force.

The group was started as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999. In 2004 it pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda. Under the leadership of al-Zarqawi, AQI was engaged in various militant activities during the early stages of the Iraqi insurgency, with the objective of expelling the U.S.-led coalition and establishing an Islamic state in Iraq. In January 2006, AQI and seven other Sunni guerrilla groups formed the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC), which on 15 October 2006 disbanded to form the "Islamic State of Iraq."
Cameron Winklevoss
Cameron Howard Winklevoss (born August 21, 1981) is an American cryptocurrency investor, former Olympic rower, and cofounder of Winklevoss Capital Management and Gemini cryptocurrency exchange. He competed in the men's pair rowing event at the 2008 Summer Olympics with his rowing partner and identical twin brother, Tyler Winklevoss. Winklevoss and his brother are known for co-founding HarvardConnection (later renamed ConnectU) along with Harvard classmate Divya Narendra. In 2004, the Winklevoss twins sued Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, claiming he stole their ConnectU idea to create the social networking site Facebook. In addition to ConnectU, Winklevoss also co-founded the social media website Guest of a Guest with Rachelle Hruska.

Winklevoss Capital Management
Winklevoss Capital is a family office founded in 2012 by Tyler Winklevoss and Cameron Winklevoss. The firm invests across multiple asset classes including seed funding and infrastructure to early-stage startups.  The company is headquartered in New York's Flatiron District.
Hollins, Roanoke, Virginia
Hollins is a Roanoke, Virginia neighborhood located in eastern Roanoke, immediately to the west of Tinker Creek.  It borders the neighborhoods of Preston Park and Williamson Road on the west, Monterey, Eastgate and Wildwood on the east across Tinker Creek, and Fallon on the south. Its public education is at Northside High School. The extreme southeast corner of the neighborhood also is bounded by the town of Vinton. This neighborhood should not be confused with the Census Designated Place called Hollins in Roanoke County.

Preston Park, Roanoke, Virginia
Preston Park is a neighborhood located in northeast Roanoke, Virginia. It borders the neighborhoods of Williamson Road on the south, Monterey and Hollins on the east, and Roundhill and the Airport on the west. The northern border is shared with Roanoke County.  The name of the neighborhood reflects the fact that the large park of the same name is located within the neighborhood.
Steele, Essen
Steele (German pronunciation: [ˈʃteːlə]) is a suburb of Essen, Germany. It is bordered on the south by the Ruhr river, and by the suburbs of Kray in the north, Leithe in the northeast, Freisenbruch in the east, Horst in the southeast, Überruhr in the south, Bergerhausen in the southwest, and Huttrop in the west. It has two railway stations, Essen-Steele station and Essen-Steele Ost station.

Steele became a city in the Ruhrgebiet (Ruhr area) in 1578, and in 1905 its population was 12,988. In 1929 it became a suburb of Essen.

A Diet of the Holy Roman Empire was held here in the year 938 by the emperor Otto I.

51°26′58″N 7°4′35″E﻿ / ﻿51.44944°N 7.07639°E﻿ / 51.44944; 7.07639

Bergerhausen
Bergerhausen (German pronunciation: [bɛʁɡɐˈhaʊzn̩]) is a central borough of the city of Essen, Germany, located south of the city centre (Stadtkern). It was incorporated into the city in 1910. Before it had been part of the Bürgermeisterei Rellinghausen (Rellinghausen district). Around 11.700 people live here.

Bergerhausen was first mentioned in 943 as Bergarahuson.
South Carolina Highway 121
South Carolina Highway 121 (SC 121) is a 134.200-mile (215.974 km) major state highway that travels north and south in central parts of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The highway is actually part of a long multi-state highway that also exists in Florida and Georgia, as Florida State Road 121 and Georgia State Route 121, respectively.

U.S. Route 78 in South Carolina
U.S. Route 78 (US 78) is a 142.207-mile (228.860 km) U.S. highway that travels from Swifton, Arkansas to Charleston, South Carolina. In the U.S. state of South Carolina, it travels from the Savannah River at North Augusta to its eastern terminus in Charleston; connecting the cities of Aiken, Summerville, and North Charleston.
Churfirsten
The Churfirsten is a mountain range in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. They form the natural boundary between the canton's Toggenburg and Sarganserland districts. They are the southernmost range of the Appenzell Alps, separated from the Glarus Alps by the Seez Valley and Lake Walen (Walensee).

They consist of a limestone ridge running east to west, with the individual peaks formed by erosion. The ridge is defined much more sharply to the south than to the north, with an almost vertical drop of several hundred meters towards Walenstadtberg and eventually Lake Walen at 419 metres (1,375 ft). The southern slope of the range was significantly formed by the Rhine Glacier during the Würm glaciation.

There are several hiking routes on the range. The Schwendiseen are two small lakes on the northern side of the range (below Chäserrugg). Wildenmannlisloch is a cave on the northern slope of the Selun. Quinten is a car-free village south-west of Churfirsten on the northern shore of Lake Walen.

Toggenburg
Toggenburg (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈtɔɡn̩ˌbʊrɡ] ⓘ) is a region of Switzerland. It corresponds to the upper valley of the River Thur and that of the Necker, one of its afluents. Since 1 January 2003, Toggenburg has been a constituency (Wahlkreis) of the canton of St. Gallen (SFOS number 1727).
Pujehun District
Pujehun District is a district in the Southern Province of Sierra Leone. Pujehun District is one of the sixteen districts of Sierra Leone. Its capital and largest city is the town of Pujehun. The other major towns in the district include Sahn Malen, Zimmi, Jendema, and Potoru. As of 2015, the district has a population of 345,577.

The district of Pujehun borders the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest, the Republic of Liberia to the southeast, Kenema District to the northeast, Bo District to the north and Bonthe District to the west. It occupies a total space of 4,105 km2 and comprises twelve chiefdoms.

The population of Pujehun District is mainly from the Mende ethnic group, though minority ethnic groups are also found in the district. Pujehun District is a large Muslim majority district, though there is a significant Christian minority as well.

Zimmi, Sierra Leone
Zimmi is a small town in Pujehun District of southern Sierra Leone. As of 2009 it had an estimated population of 5,369. The town is a trade centre in particular relating to agriculture, mining and commercial business activities, and provides a link for trade with Liberia.  Zimmi Community Bank, founded in 2005, is located in the town and serves both the local area and the surrounding Chiefdoms of Barri, Sorogbema and Tunkia.
Cameron Ling
Cameron Ling (born 27 February 1981) is a former Australian rules footballer and three-time premiership player who played for the Geelong Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). A tagger at 1.89 metres (6 ft 2 in) and 94 kilograms (207 lb), Ling was also a premiership-winning captain at the club in 2011.

He is now a commentator on AFL football for the Seven Network and a special comments commentator on AFL football for ABC Radio Grandstand. He is also a member of the selection panel for the AFL All-Australian team and the AFL Rising Star Award.

St Joseph's College, Geelong
St Joseph's College (sometimes referred to colloquially as Joeys or SJC) is an independent Catholic secondary school for boys, located in the inner Geelong suburb of Newtown, Victoria, Australia. The school was founded by the Congregation of Christian Brothers in 1935, who continue to run the school, and provides education from years 7–12, offering a broad range of curricular choices for its students in middle and senior schools including VCE, VET and VCE-VM .

In 2014 the Year 9 Westcourt Campus began operation, and the Joseph Innovation Trade Training Centre also commenced classes offering a broad range of study options. The current principal is Tony Paatsch. The two Deputy Principals are Lisa Pope and Mark Kennedy.
Rore (lake)
Rore is a lake in the municipalities of Grimstad and Arendal in Agder county, Norway.  This lake, which is used as a reservoir, lies mostly in Grimstad. There is a public beach area at the southern end of the lake, near the village of Roresand.  The lake is located in the Landvik area, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the center of the town of Grimstad.

The lake Syndle flows into Rore from the east and Rore is flows out into the river Nidelva at the northern end.  The 7.76-square-kilometre (3.00 sq mi) lake has an elevation of 39 metres (128 ft) above sea level.

Roresand
Roresand or Roresanden is a village in Grimstad municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the southwestern end of the lake Rore along the Norwegian County Road 404. The village sits about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of the town of Grimstad, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of the village of Reddal, and about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the village of Skiftenes. The lake Syndle lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the northwest and the lake Landvikvannet lies about the same distance to the south.

Landvik Church sits about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of the village. The cemetery for the church is located in Roresand, right next to the Landvik school. Historically, Roresand was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Landvik which existed until 1971.
Casimir Pulaski Monument (Savannah, Georgia)
The Casimir Pulaski Monument in Savannah, or Pulaski Monument on Monterey Square, is a 19th-century monument to Casimir Pulaski, in Monterey Square, on Bull Street, Savannah, Georgia, not far from the battlefield where Pulaski lost his life during the siege of Savannah.

The monument is one of the only two that still has a railing around it, the other being the Civil War Memorial in Forsyth Park.

Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia)
The Civil War Memorial in Savannah, Georgia, is a monument honoring soldiers who died during the American Civil War. Located in Forsyth Park, it consists of a 48-foot (15 m) tall shaft topped with a bronze statue of a Confederate soldier. Two bronze busts commemorating notable Confederate army officers flank the monument, which is protected by a railing, one of the only two that still stand around a monument, the other being the Casimir Pulaski Monument in Monterey Square. Originally known as the Confederate Monument, it was dedicated in 1875 to honor Confederate soldiers who died during the Civil War. Following the Unite the Right rally (in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017), the city of Savannah renamed and rededicated the structure in 2018. The monument is one of the oldest and largest Confederate monuments in Georgia.
Borsano
Borsano (Bursàn in Bustocco) is a frazione of 6,345 inhabitants in the municipality of Busto Arsizio in the province of Varese. Until 1928 it was always an autonomous municipality, apart from in the period between 1869 and 1912.

Busto Arsizio
Busto Arsizio (Italian: [ˈbusto arˈsittsjo] ⓘ; Bustocco: Büsti Grandi) is a comune (municipality) in the south-easternmost part of the province of Varese, in the Italian region of Lombardy, 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Milan. The economy of Busto Arsizio is mainly based on industry and commerce. It is the fifth municipality in the region by population and the first in the province.
British Rail Class 504
The British Rail Class 504 was a unique type of electric multiple unit that ran on 1,200 V DC third rail with side-contact current collection. All other mainline UK third rails have the electric "shoe" on top of the rail. The type was used only on the Bury Line between Manchester and Bury. They were built in 1959 at Wolverton Works, and the body was a standard type used for several electrification schemes of the time, but the high DC voltage through a side-contact third rail was unique in Britain. The trains replaced the previous five-car units built by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) for the route, which had inaugurated this electrification scheme in 1916.

All were withdrawn in 1991 when the line was closed for conversion to form part of the Manchester Metrolink light rail system. One unit, No. 65451+77172, is preserved at the East Lancashire Railway.

LYR electric units
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) built suburban electric stock for lines in Liverpool and Manchester. The line between Liverpool to Southport began using electric multiple units (EMUs) on 22 March 1904, using a third rail 625 V DC. Additional trains were later built for this route, and in 1913 incompatible stock for the route to Ormskirk. Lightweight units were built to run on the Liverpool Overhead Railway.

The Southport units were replaced in the early 1940s; after regular through services onto the LOR were withdrawn the lightweight units were used on local Crossens services until 1945; the Ormskirk units were withdrawn in 1964.

In 1913, an experimental 3.5 kV DC overhead line system operated between Bury and Holcombe Brook in the Manchester area, and 1.2 kV DC with a side-contact third rail between Manchester Victoria and Bury. Electric services started in 1916, the Bury to Holcombe Brook route being converted in 1918. The cars were replaced in 1959/60.
Siemowit VI of Płock
Siemowit VI of Płock (pl: Siemowit VI płocki; 2 January 1446 - 31 December 1461/1 January 1462), was a Polish prince member of the House of Piast from the Masovian branch. He was a Duke of Płock, Rawa Mazowiecka, Belz, Płońsk, Zawkrze and Wizna during 1455-1461/62 (under regency until 1459) jointly with his brother, since 1459 ruler over Gostynin.

He was the eldest son of Władysław I of Płock and Anna, daughter of Duke Konrad V of Oleśnica.

Władysław I of Płock
Władysław I of Płock (1406/09 - 11/12 December 1455), was a Polish prince and member of the House of Piast from the Masovian branch. He was a Duke of Płock, Rawa, Gostynin, Sochaczew, Belz, Płońsk, Zawkrze and Wizna during 1426-1434 jointly with his brothers. After the division of the paternal inheritance between him and his brothers in 1434, he became sole ruler over Płock, Płońsk, Wizna and Zawkrze. In 1442 he reunited their patrimony (except Gostynin).
Stratonice (mythology)
Stratonice (Ancient Greek: Στρατoνίκη from στρατός "army" and νίκη "victory") is the name of four women in Greek mythology.

Stratonice, a Pleuronian princess as the daughter of King Pleuron and Xanthippe. She was the sister of Agenor, Sterope and Laophonte.

Stratonice, a Calydonian princess. The wife of Melaneus and the mother the famous archer Eurytus.

Stratonice, daughter of Euonymos and mother of Poemander by Chaeresilaus. She was carried off by Achilles.

Stratonice, a Thespian princess as one of the 50 daughters of King Thespius and Megamede or by one of his many wives. When Heracles hunted and ultimately slayed the Cithaeronian lion, Stratonice with her other sisters, except for one, all laid with the hero in a night, a week or for 50 days as what their father strongly desired it to be. Stratonice bore Heracles a son, Atromus.

Pleuron (son of Aetolus)
In Greek mythology, Pleuron (Ancient Greek: Πλευρῶνος) was a son of Aetolus and Pronoe, daughter of Phorbus, and brother of Calydon. He was married to Xanthippe, daughter of Dorus, by whom he became the father of Agenor, Sterope, Stratonice, and Laophonte. Pleuron was said to have founded the town of Pleuron in Aetolia (and apparently was its eponym), but he had also a heroon at Sparta, erected by his great-granddaughter, Queen Leda.
A Peleja do Diabo com o Dono do Céu
A  Peleja do Diabo com o Dono do Céu (also known as Zé Ramalho II) is the second solo album by Brazilian musician Zé Ramalho, released in 1979.

It was his first gold record and it depicts a singer who sees life through a Manichaeist optic according to which everything is about God or the Devil.

Eu Sou Todos Nós
Eu Sou Todos Nós is the fourteenth studio album by Brazilian solo artist Zé Ramalho. It was released in 1998. The album cover is a composite of pictures of several people, forming the face of Zé Ramalho, which is an allusion to the album's title, "Eu Sou Todos Nós", which translates as "I Am All Of Us". It sold more than 100,000 copies in the first month and it had reached the 190,000 mark by April of the next year.

It succeeds the well-sold compilation Antologia Acústica. According to Ramalho, BMG would probably rather release an Antologia 2 of sorts, but the "natural sequence" for him was an album of new songs. In the contract with BMG, Ramalho managed to negotiate a three-album deal, including this effort, Nação Nordestina and Zé Ramalho Canta Raul Seixas - both of the latter already had their names defined at that time.
Strotheria
Strotheria is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Tageteae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

The only known species is Strotheria gypsophila, native to the State of Nuevo León in northeastern Mexico.

Tageteae
Tageteae is a tribe of the plant family Asteraceae. It consists of approximately 260 species divided among 32 genera. All are found in the New World, with a center of diversity in the Mexican highlands. The type genus is Tagetes (marigolds).

Some authors include these plants within a more broadly defined tribe Heliantheae.
Replication factor C
The replication factor C, or RFC, is a five-subunit protein complex that is required for DNA replication.

The subunits of this heteropentamer are named Rfc1, Rfc2, Rfc3, Rfc4, and Rfc5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RFC is used in eukaryotic replication as a clamp loader, similar to the γ Complex in Escherichia coli. Its role as a clamp loader involves catalyzing the loading of PCNA onto DNA. It binds to the 3' end of the DNA and uses ATP to open the ring of PCNA so that it can encircle the DNA. ATP hydrolysis causes the release of RFC, with concomitant clamp loading onto DNA. For DNA polymerase, RFC serves as primer identification. RFC plays an important role in the proliferation,  invasion, and progression of various malignant tumors. RFC acts as a tumor suppressor gene.

DNA polymerase III subunit gamma/tau
The τ and γ subunits are part of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme of prokaryotes. The protein family is characterized by the well-conserved first N-terminal domain, approx. 365 amino acids. The eukaryotic equivalent to the DNA clamp loader is replication factor C, with the subunits RFC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4, and RFC5.

The domain is also found in plants as gene STICHEL (STI), with similarity to cyanobacterial sequences. However, STI in plants is nuclear-localized and does not participate in genome duplication. It seems to instead regulate branching.
The American Pageant
The American Pageant, initially published by Thomas A. Bailey in 1956, is an American high school history textbook often used for AP United States History, AICE American History as well as IB History of the Americas courses. Since Bailey's death in 1983, the book has been updated by historians David M. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen, and it is now in its eighteenth edition (with a new author, Margaret O'Mara). It is published by Cengage and is listed by the College Board among the textbooks that meet the curricular requirements of AP United States History.

AP United States History
Advanced Placement (AP) United States History (also known as AP U.S. History, APUSH (/ˈeɪ.pʊʃ/), or AP U.S.) is a college-level course and examination offered by College Board as part of the Advanced Placement Program.
Pseudocarapa
Pseudocarapa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Meliaceae. It includes five species which range from Sri Lanka to Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and New Guinea.

The genus is distinguished by its paripinnate leaves, cylindrical staminal tube with appendages, annular or patelliform disk, and pollen shed in tetrads.

The genus was first named by William Hemsley in 1884. Most of the species currently accepted were until recently included in genus Dysoxylum. A genetic study published in 2021 found that Dysoxylum is polyphyletic, and Pseudocarapa was revived and re-circumscribed.

Dysoxylum
Dysoxylum is a genus of rainforest trees and shrubs in the flowering plant family Meliaceae. About 34 species are recognised in the genus, distributed from India and southern China, through southeast Asia to New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Australia. The name Dysoxylum derives from the Greek word ‘Dys’ meaning "bad" referring to "ill-smelling" and ‘Xylon’ meaning "wood".
I Yabba-Dabba Do!
I Yabba-Dabba Do! is a 1993 American animated romantic comedy made-for-television film based on the 1960s animated series, The Flintstones and is a continuation of the series’ spin-off, The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show. It premiered on ABC on February 7, 1993.

Wilma Flintstone
Wilma Flintstone is a fictional character in the television animated series The Flintstones. Wilma is married to Fred Flintstone, daughter of Pearl Slaghoople, and mother of Pebbles Flintstone. Her best friend is her next door neighbor, Betty Rubble.

Wilma's personality is based on that of Alice Kramden, married to Ralph Kramden on the 1950s television series The Honeymooners. Much like Alice, Wilma plays the strong-willed, level-headed person in her marriage, often criticizing Fred for pursuing his various ill-fated schemes. Wilma is often the one to bail out Fred when one of his schemes lands him in trouble or brings up the problem.
Wilmette, Illinois
Wilmette is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Bordering Lake Michigan, Kenilworth, Winnetka, Skokie, Northfield, Glenview, and Evanston, Illinois, it is located 14 miles (23 km) north of Chicago's downtown district. Wilmette had a population of 28,170 at the 2020 census. The first and only Baháʼí House of Worship in North America is located in Wilmette. Wilmette is also home to Central Elementary School and Romona Elementary School, both recent recipients of the National Blue Ribbon award bestowed by the U.S. Department of Education.

Plaza del Lago
Plaza del Lago is a shopping center at 1515 Sheridan Road in Wilmette, Illinois, United States. Opened in 1928 as Spanish Court, it is the second-oldest open air shopping center in the United States.
Retail tenants include Lily Pulitzer, James Perse, Jenni Kayne, and rag & bone.
Oscar de la Renta, Peter Millar, and Hermès will open stores at Plaza del Lago in 2026.