hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vrezh
The Vrezh (transl. as Vengeance) was a hoax underground militant movement, whose existence was never confirmed.

Azerbaijan alleged that its creation was organized by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation in 1989 to "fight Azerbaijan and authorities in Northern Caucasus by bombing civilian targets".

1990 Tbilisi–Agdam bus bombing
The 1990 Tbilisi–Aghdam bus bombing, also known as 1990 Khanlar bus bombing occurred on 10 August 1990, in the vicinity of Khanlar, when an explosive device blew up in a bus 12.5 km away from Azerbaijan's second largest city, Ganja.
Lyons-Decatur Northeast Schools
Lyons-Decatur Northeast Schools is a public school district in Lyons, Nebraska, United States.  It is a consolidated school encompassing the Communities of Decatur and Lyons, which are located in Burt County in northeast Nebraska.  It is a class D1 school. Its mascot is the Cougar.

Burt County, Nebraska
Burt County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska, bordering the west bank of the upper Missouri River. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 6,722. Its county seat is Tekamah. The county was formed in 1854 and named after Francis Burt, the first governor of Nebraska Territory.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Burt County is represented by the prefix 31 (it had the 31st-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Mingren
The Mingren (Chinese: 名人; pinyin: Míngrén) is a Go competition in China organized by the Chinese Weiqi Association. The word míngrén means "brilliant man". The Mingren is equivalent to the Nihon-Kiin's Meijin and the Hanguk Kiwon's Myungin titles.

Myeongin
The Myeongin (Korean: 명인전, Hanja: 名人戰) is a Go competition in South Korea. The word myeongin in Korean language, literally meaning "Brilliant Man", is same as meijin in Japanese and as mingren in Chinese. The Myeongin is the Hanguk Kiwon equivalent to the Nihon-Kiin's Meijin title.  The tournament was defunct from 2004-2006.

The tournament was discontinued again in 2016 after the 43rd tournament, but was revived in 2021 with the SG Group as the new sponsor.
Izabela Dąbrowska
Izabela Dąbrowska (Polish: [i.zaˈbɛ.la dɔmˈbrɔf.ska]; born 22 August 1966) is a Polish film, television, and stage actress and comedian. She is best known for the role of Mrs. Basia (based on Barbara Skrzypek) in television series The Chairman's Ear (2017–2019), and Jasiunia Rostworowska-Fus in Blondynka (2010, 2013–2021), as well as from films such as Mall Girls (2009), All Will Be Well (2007), Lullaby (2010), Three Minutes. 21:37 (2011), Ida (2013), Gods (2014), Afterimage (2016).

Barbara Skrzypek
Barbara Skrzypek (Polish: [barˈba.ra ˈskʂɘ.pɛk]; 8 January 1959 – 15 March 2025) was a Polish government official, who from 1990 to 2020, was the secretary, and one of the closest co-workers, of Jarosław Kaczyński, chairperson of the Law and Justice party. In 2018, she was ranked at the 41st place on the list of the 50 most influential people in Poland by the news magazine Wprost. Later, she was a board member in the Lech Kaczyński Institute, an organisation which is the main shareholder of the company Srebrna.
Harold's Cross Stadium
Harold's Cross Stadium was a greyhound racing stadium in Harold's Cross, Dublin, owned and operated by the Irish Greyhound Board.

Facilities included a grandstand restaurant, carvery, a number of bars, totalisator betting and seating.

Racing took place every Tuesday and Friday evening and race distances were 325, 525, 550, 570, and 750 yards and the feature competitions at the track were the Corn Cuchulainn, the Puppy Derby and the Grand National.

The stadium closed on 13 February 2017 due to the financial constraints of its owner, state greyhound racing body Bord na gCon. Bord na gCon later sold the track to the Department of Education for €23 million in 2018 and apartments have also been built on the site.  The proceeds from the sale were proposed be used to help pay a €20.3 million debt incurred from the construction of Limerick Greyhound Stadium.

Corn Cuchulainn
The Corn Cuchulainn is a greyhound racing competition held annually at Shelbourne Park and was formerly held at Harold's Cross Stadium in the city district of Harold's Cross, Dublin, Ireland.

It is a major competition and is an integral part of the Irish greyhound racing calendar.  The competition was known as the Sean Kelly 750 in 1980.

In 2017 following the closure of Harold's Cross the race was switched to fellow Dublin track Shelbourne Park.
Adam Sieff
Adam Michael Sieff (born April 1954) is a British music consultant and former head of jazz for the UK and Europe for Sony Music. He was head of sales and marketing for Gearbox Records which specialises in the release of previously unheard jazz recordings. As of April 2017 he is creative consultant for Margate Jazz. He is the son of Teddy Sieff, the Marks and Spencer heir.

Gearbox Records
Gearbox Records Ltd. is an independent music studio and record label founded in 2009 and based in London and Tokyo. Gearbox emphasizes vinyl records. They started out by releasing previously unreleased archival jazz recordings  from their reel-to-reel tape library, and now publish mostly alternative jazz, folk, and electronic music. Many of their releases are all-analog.
Lees, Greater Manchester
Lees is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England, amongst the Pennines east of the River Medlock, 1.8 miles (2.9 km) east of Oldham, and 8.2 miles (13.2 km) northeast of Manchester.

In the 14th century, when John de Leghes was a retainer of the local Lord of the Manor, Lees was a conglomeration of hamlets, ecclesiastically linked with the township of Ashton-under-Lyne. Farming was the main industry of this rural area, with locals supplementing their incomes by hand-loom weaving in the domestic system. At the beginning of the 19th century, Lees had obtained a reputation for its mineral springs; ambitions to develop a spa town were thwarted by an unplanned process of urbanisation caused by the rise of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution.

Lees expanded into a mill town in the late-19th century, on the back of neighbouring Oldham's boom in cotton spinning. Lees Urban District had eleven cotton mills at its manufacturing zenith.

Metropolitan Borough of Oldham
The Metropolitan Borough of Oldham is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in England. It is named after its largest town, Oldham. The borough had a population of 251,560 in 2024, making it the sixth-largest district by population in Greater Manchester. The borough spans 142 square kilometres (55 sq mi).
António I of Kongo
António I Vita a Nkanga (or Mvita a Nkanga) was a mwenekongo of the Kingdom of Kongo who ruled from 1661 to his defeat and death at the Battle of Mbwila on October 29, 1665. He was elected following the death of King Garcia II. Like the former king, António I pursued a foreign policy focused on removing the Portuguese from his region.

Battle of Mbwila
Battle of Mbwila (also the Battle of Ambuila, Battle of Mbuila, or Battle of Ulanga) occurred on 29 October 1665 in which Portuguese forces defeated the forces of the Kingdom of Kongo and decapitated king António I of Kongo, also called Nvita a Nkanga.
Halfway Pond
Halfway Pond a 232-acre (0.94 km2) warm water pond located in Plymouth, Massachusetts between Myles Standish State Forest and Long Pond, west of Round Pond, southwest of Gallows Pond, and north of Fawn Pond and White Island Pond. The average depth is nine feet and the maximum depth is 13 feet (4.0 m). The pond is fed by groundwater springs and drains into the Agawam River. Halfway Pond Island lies in the middle of the pond and is managed as a research natural area by The Nature Conservancy in Massachusetts. There are almost three miles (5 km) of shoreline.

Access here is informal and can be located off of Mast Road, a portion of which abuts the western shoreline of the pond. Parking is limited to just two or three cars and boaters will have to stick with canoes and other car top craft. Substantial amounts of shoreline are open to fishing.

White Island Pond
White Island Pond is a system of two ponds in Plymouth and Wareham, Massachusetts. The area of the western basin is 122 acres (0.49 km2), and the area of the eastern basin is 159 acres (0.64 km2). The pond is located east of Glen Charlie Pond in Wareham and, in Plymouth, south of Halfway Pond, southwest of Fawn Pond and Deer Pond, and west of Ezekiel Pond.
Amelia Holman Gilfert
Catherine Amelia Holman Gilfert (1789–1833) was an American actress and theater manager. She was referred to by contemporary critics as the first star of the American theater.  She was the manager of the Charleston Theatre in 1823–24 and 1824–25.

Charleston Theatre
Charleston Theatre, also called Broad Street Theatre, was a theatre in Charleston, South Carolina, between 1794 and 1833. It was the first permanent theatre in Charleston, the first with a permanent staff, and the only theater for much of its duration. It was succeeded by the New Charleston Theatre (1837–1861).
Mushvenom
Lee Tae-min (Korean: 이태민; born June 20, 1994), known professionally as Mushvenom (머쉬베놈; stylized in all caps), is a South Korean rapper. He is known for his humorous lyrics and for using the Chungcheong dialect in his rap.

Mushvenom first garnered attention when he appeared on Show Me the Money 8 in 2019. His debut single, "Why Are You So Noisy?", was met with critical acclaim. In 2020, he appeared on Show Me the Money 9 and finished in second place. "VVS", a single he released on the show, peaked at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart and won Hip-hop Track of the Year at the Korean Hip-hop Awards.

VVS (song)
"VVS" is a song by South Korean rappers Mirani, Munchman, Khundi Panda, and Mushvenom. It was released on November 21, 2020, through Stone Music Entertainment. It peaked at number one on the Gaon Digital Chart for seven consecutive weeks and won Hip-hop Track of the Year at the Korean Hip-hop Awards.

A remix of the track, titled "VVS (H1ghr Remix)", was released on January 12, 2021, through H1ghr Music, Indigo Music, and Mushvenom. It was performed by pH-1, Big Naughty, Trade L, Woodie Gochild, Jay Park, and Kidd King.
Nephrurus amyae
Nephrurus amyae, also known commonly as the Centralian rough knob-tail gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Carphodactylidae. It is the largest gecko in the genus Nephrurus, and like all species of Nephrurus is endemic to Australia.

Knob-tailed gecko
The genus Nephrurus, collectively referred to as the knob-tailed geckos (or “knob-tails”), comprises several species of small, desert-dwelling, drought-tolerant Australian gecko. They are named for their stubby, knob-like tails, and are also easily identified by their rather large eyes. This  adaptation of enlarged eyes is indicative of an animal’s lifestyle being predominantly crepuscular or nocturnal.
Operating signals
Operating signals are a type of brevity code used in operational communication among radio and telegraph operators. For example:

Prosigns for Morse code

92 Code: telegraph brevity codes

Q code: initially developed for commercial radiotelegraph communication and adopted by other radio services

QN Signals: published by the ARRL and used in Amateur radio

R and S brevity codes: published by the British Post Office in 1908 for coastal wireless stations and ships, superseded in 1912 by Q codes

X code: used by European military services in wireless telegraphy

Z code: used in early radiotelegraph communication

Brevity code
Brevity codes are used in amateur radio, maritime, aviation, police, and military communications. They are designed to convey complex information with a few words or codes. Some are classified from the public.
Raajkumar Aaryyan
Raajkumar Aaryyan (transl. Son of king Aaryyan) is an Indian television soap opera starring Yami Gautam. Produced by Sphere Origins and its first broadcast in January 2008, it is part of a package of shows supporting the launch of NDTV's new Imagine channel. The series became one of Imagine's top ranking programmes in terms of viewership.

Yami Gautam
Yami Gautam Dhar (née Gautam; born 28 November 1988) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi films. The daughter of film director Mukesh Gautam, she began her career as a model, and starred in television soap operas such as Chand Ke Paar Chalo (2008–2009) and Yeh Pyar Na Hoga Kam (2009–2010). After making her film debut in the Kannada film Ullasa Utsaha (2010), she had her first Hindi film release in the comedy-drama Vicky Donor (2012), which won her the Zee Cine Award for Best Female Debut.

Gautam earned acclaim for her supporting roles in the thrillers Badlapur (2015) and Kaabil (2017), and greater success came for starring in the war film Uri: The Surgical Strike and the satire Bala (both 2019). She starred in the streaming films Bhoot Police (2021), A Thursday (2022), Dasvi (2022), and Chor Nikal Ke Bhaga (2023), and had further commercial success in the comedy film OMG 2 (2023) and the political thriller Article 370 (2024).
Jan Kickert
Jan Kickert (born 19 September 1964) is an Austrian diplomat, currently serving as Austrian Ambassador in Rome.

Previously, he served as the Austrian Permanent Representative to the United Nations and political director at the Austrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

He was born in Thailand, studied at the University of Vienna and the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna, and served in a variety of diplomatic and international positions in his early career.

Diplomatic Academy of Vienna
The Diplomatic Academy of Vienna (DA; German: Diplomatische Akademie Wien), also known as the Vienna School of International Studies, is a postgraduate professional school based in Vienna, Austria, with focused training for students and professionals in the areas of international affairs, political science, law, languages, history and economics. It is the oldest diplomatic academy in the world.

The school is an affiliate member school of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs in Austria. The Diplomatic Academy's director (since August 2025) is Ambassador Martin Eichtinger (b. 1953 in Graz), an Austrian diplomat.
Richard Donat
Richard Donat (born 1 June 1941) is a Canadian actor, known for his work in Canadian and American television. He is well known for playing the character Vince Teagues in the Canadian–American TV series, Haven. Donat is the younger brother of Peter Donat and the nephew of British actor Robert Donat.

Peter Donat
Pierre Collingwood Donat (January 20, 1928 – September 10, 2018), known as Peter Donat, was a Canadian actor. He was a co-founding company member of the American Conservatory Theater, and a frequent player at the Stratford Festival. He was also known to television audiences for his roles as Elmo Tyson on the primetime soap opera Flamingo Road (1981-82) and as William Mulder, the father of Fox Mulder, on The X-Files (1995-99). He won a Theatre World Award for The First Gentleman (1957), and was nominated for a Genie Award for Best Supporting Actor for The Bay Boy (1984).
Euskotren Tranbia
Euskotren Tranbia is the brand under which the tramway networks in the cities of Vitoria-Gasteiz and Bilbao (both in the Basque Country) are run. The system in Bilbao started operations in 2002, and the one in Vitoria-Gasteiz in 2008. It is one of the four commercial divisions under which Euskotren (a public company managed by the Basque Government) operates. The infrastructure is owned by the public entity Euskal Trenbide Sarea (Basque Railway Network) and tracks use 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) narrow gauge.

Euskotren
Euskotren, formally known as Basque Railways (Basque: Eusko Trenbideak, Spanish: Ferrocarriles Vascos), is a public railway company controlled by the Basque Government and officially established in 1982 to operate several 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) narrow gauge railways inside the autonomous community of the Basque Country, under the terms of the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country. Originally operating under the commercial brand ET/FV, it took control of the management and operations of the narrow gauge lines formerly operated by the railway company FEVE. The commercial brand eventually changed to Euskotren, as it remains today. Since 2006, the infrastructure on which the company runs its trains has been owned by Euskal Trenbide Sarea.
Small Constitution of 1992
The Small Constitution of 1992 (Polish: Mała Konstytucja z 1992) was a constitution regulating relations between the legislative and executive branches of the government of Poland, and local self-government. It was voted after the fall of communism, by Poland's first freely-elected Sejm (parliament).

It annulled some of the most outdated parts of the communist 1952 Constitution of the Polish People's Republic, in particular replacing statements about Poland being a socialist state with those appropriate for a liberal democracy and market economy.

The previous adjustment of the 1952 constitution was the April Novelization of 1989.

The reformed 1952 constitution was completely replaced in 1997 by the current Constitution of Poland.

April Novelization
The April Novelization (Polish: Nowela kwietniowa) was a set of changes (constitutional amendments) to the 1952 Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland, agreed in April 1989, in the aftermath of the Polish Round Table Agreement.

Among key changes were:

restoration of the Senate of Poland and the post of the president of Poland (the latter annulling the power of the Polish United Workers' Party general secretary)

introduction of the National Council of the Judiciary (Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa)

changes to the electoral legislation, in order to make elections more free and fair

powers of the Sejm were adjusted

The 1952 constitution would be even further reformed by the December Novelization and Small Constitution of 1992, and finally replaced in 1997 by a completely new current Constitution of Poland.
Conky (software)
Conky is a free software desktop system monitor for the X Window System. It is available for Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD. Conky is highly configurable and is able to monitor many system variables including the status of the CPU, memory, swap space, disk storage, temperatures, processes, network interfaces, battery power, system messages, e-mail inboxes, Arch Linux updates, many popular music players (MPD, XMMS2, BMPx, Audacious, etc.), weather updates, breaking news, and much more. Unlike system monitors that use high-level widget toolkits to render their information, Conky is drawn directly in an X window. This allows it to be configured such that it consumes relatively few system resources.

Conky was hailed as "one of the best maintained, and definitely one of the most useful, programs in the world of open source" in Linux Magazine.

It comes pre-configured in the default installation of Pinguy OS and CrunchBang Linux.

Audacious (software)
Audacious is a free and open-source audio player software with a focus on low resource use, high audio quality, and support for a wide range of audio formats. It is designed primarily for use on POSIX-compatible Unix-like operating systems, with limited support for Microsoft Windows.

Audacious was the default audio player in Ubuntu Studio in 2011–12, and was the default music player in Lubuntu until October 2018, when it was replaced with VLC.
Ardnadam
Ardnadam (Scottish Gaelic: Àird nan Damh) is a village on the Holy Loch on the Cowal Peninsula, in Argyll and Bute, west of Scotland. It is located northwest of Hunters Quay and east of Sandbank, and sits across the loch from Kilmun.

Kilmun
Kilmun (Scottish Gaelic: Cill Mhunna) is a linear settlement on the north shore of the Holy Loch in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It takes its name from the 7th-century monastic community founded by an Irish monk, St Munn (Fintán of Taghmon). The ruin of a 12th-century church still stands beside the Kilmun Parish Church and Argyll Mausoleum.
Zayed Central Library
Zayed Central Library (ZCL) (Arabic: مكتبة زايد المركزية) is a Public library in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Established in 1977 as one of the academic libraries of the United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), it was opened to the general public in 2016 and hosts a collection of more than 100,000 books for readers of all age groups, making it the largest public library in the city. It is overseen by the Abu Dhabi Department of Culture and Tourism.

Al Ain
Al Ain (Arabic: ٱلْعَيْن, romanized: Al-ʿAyn, lit. 'The Spring') is a city in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, and the seat of the administrative division of the Al Ain Region. The city is bordered to the east by the Omani town of Al-Buraimi. Al Ain is the largest inland city in the Emirates, the fourth-largest city (after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Sharjah), and the second-largest in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The freeways connecting Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, and Dubai form a geographic triangle in the country, each city being roughly 130 kilometres (81 mi) from the others.
Hampton Roads Rhinos
The Hampton Roads Rhinos were a potential National Hockey League expansion team that was to begin play in the late-1990s in Norfolk, Virginia. The franchise would have been under the ownership of George Shinn and play in a proposed $142 million arena to be constructed in Downtown Norfolk. After making a push to sell season tickets and reaching an agreement in principle to construct the arena, the NHL rejected the Norfolk bid for an expansion franchise in February 1997. By the following May, the prospect of an NHL franchise calling Hampton Roads home ended with the relocation of the Hartford Whalers to Raleigh, North Carolina, less than 190 miles (310 km) southwest of Norfolk.

Hartford Whalers
The Hartford Whalers were a professional ice hockey team based for most of its 25-year existence in Hartford, Connecticut. The club played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 until 1979, and in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1979 to 1997.

Originally based in Boston, they were charter members of the WHA, known as the New England Whalers for all seven seasons. After their second season, the team moved one hundred miles (160 km) southwest to Hartford in April 1974; five years later, the Whalers joined the NHL in the 1979 NHL–WHA merger and were renamed the "Hartford Whalers" because the Boston Bruins did not want to share a geographical market with the team.

After 25 years in New England, the franchise relocated to North Carolina in 1997 and became the Carolina Hurricanes.
Pierre Hohenberg
Pierre Hohenberg (3 October 1934 – 15 December 2017) was a French-American theoretical physicist, who worked primarily on statistical mechanics.

The Hohenberg-Kohn theorems, formulated by Hohenberg and Walter Kohn gave rise to the density functional theory (DFT). He is also known for the development of dynamic scaling theory of critical phenomena, along with Bertrand Halperin.

Dynamic scaling
Dynamic scaling (sometimes known as Family–Vicsek scaling) is a litmus test that shows whether an evolving system exhibits self-similarity. In general a function is said to exhibit dynamic scaling if it satisfies:

Here the exponent  is fixed by the dimensional requirement . The numerical value of  should remain invariant despite the unit of measurement of  is changed by some factor since  is a dimensionless quantity.

Many of these systems evolve in a self-similar fashion in the sense that data obtained from the snapshot at any fixed time is similar to the respective data taken from the snapshot of any earlier or later time. That is, the system is similar to itself at different times. The litmus test of such self-similarity is provided by the dynamic scaling.