hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Progressive retinal atrophy
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of genetic diseases seen in certain breeds of dogs and, more rarely, cats.  Similar to retinitis pigmentosa in humans, it is characterized by the bilateral degeneration of the retina, causing progressive vision loss culminating in blindness.  The condition in nearly all breeds is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, with the exception of the Siberian Husky (inherited as an X chromosome linked trait) and the Bullmastiff (inherited as an autosomal dominant trait).  There is no treatment.

Bullmastiff
The Bullmastiff is an English breed of dog of mastiff type and large size, with a solid build and a short muzzle. It was developed as a guard dog in the nineteenth century by cross-breeding the English Mastiff with the now-extinct Old English Bulldog. It was recognised as a breed by The Kennel Club in 1924.
Ministry of Economic Affairs (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Economic Affairs, (abbreviated as MoEA) is a Cabinet-level ministry of the Government of Pakistan responsible for assessing, programming and negotiations of external economic assistance concerning the government and its constituent units from foreign governments and multilateral agencies.

Pakistan Development Forum
The Pakistan Development Forum (PDF) convenes annually, bringing together the Government of Pakistan and its development partners to address diverse development challenges. It serves as a platform for sharing information, discussing key issues, and fostering collaboration to find solutions. The forum's proceedings, including presentations and statements, are documented in a report, with additional thematic context provided in background briefs. These resources extend the utility of the forum's discussions beyond the event itself, contributing to ongoing development efforts.
Thomas Ryum Amlie
Thomas Ryum Amlie (April 17, 1897 – August 22, 1973) was an American lawyer and progressive politician from Wisconsin.  He served six years in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Wisconsin's 1st congressional district; he was first elected to 72nd Congress (1931–1933) as a progressive Republican, but was defeated in the 1932 Republican primary; he then returned to Congress running on the Wisconsin Progressive Party ticket, and served from 1935 to 1939. He helped established the Farmer-Labor-Progressive League and later the Farmer-Labor Progressive Federation. Inspired by the progressive policies of the Roosevelt administration, Amlie joined the Democratic Party in the 1940s and made two more unsuccessful bids for Congress.

He was an elder brother of Hans Amlie, the socialist activist who served as a leader of American volunteers fighting for the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War.

Wisconsin Progressive Party
The Wisconsin Progressive Party (1934–1946) was a political third party that briefly held a major role in Wisconsin politics under the two sons of the late Robert M. La Follette. It was on the political left wing, and it sometimes cooperated with the New Deal.
Guelph Central Station
Guelph Central Station (also known as Guelph Central GO Station) is the main inter-modal transportation terminal in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. It is used by Via Rail and GO Transit trains, as well as Guelph Transit local buses, GO Transit regional buses and intercity buses. It is located at 79 Carden Street and includes the historic Guelph Railway Station, as well as the site of the former Guelph Bus Terminal.

Kitchener line
The Kitchener line is one of the seven passenger rail lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends westward from Union Station in Toronto to Kitchener, though most trains originate and terminate in Brampton in off-peak hours.
EBird
eBird is an online database of bird observations providing scientists, researchers and amateur naturalists with real-time data about bird distribution and abundance. Originally restricted to sightings from the Western Hemisphere, the project expanded to include New Zealand in 2008, and to cover the whole world in June 2010. eBird has been described as an ambitious example of enlisting amateurs to gather data on biodiversity for use in science.

eBird is an example of crowdsourcing, and has been hailed as an example of democratizing science, treating citizens as scientists, allowing the public to access and use their own data and the collective data generated by others.

Cornell Lab of Ornithology
The Cornell Lab of Ornithology is a member-supported unit of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, which studies birds and other wildlife. It is housed in the Imogene Powers Johnson Center for Birds and Biodiversity in Sapsucker Woods Sanctuary. Approximately 250 scientists, professors, staff, and students work in a variety of programs devoted to the Lab's mission: interpreting and conserving the Earth's biological diversity through research, education, and citizen science focused on birds. Work at the Lab is supported primarily by its 100,000 members and supporters.

The Cornell Lab produces a quarterly publication, Living Bird magazine, and an electronic newsletter delivered twice per month. It manages numerous participatory science projects and websites, including the Webby Award-winning All About Birds.
Tom Aherne
Thomas Aherne (26 January 1919 – 30 December 1999), also referred to as Bud Aherne, was an Irish footballer and hurler. He played football for Belfast Celtic and Luton Town and was a dual internationalist, playing for both Ireland teams – the IFA XI and the FAI XI. In 1949 he was a member of the FAI XI that defeated England 2–0 at Goodison Park, becoming the first non-UK team to beat England at home. As a hurler he also played one game for Limerick.

After retiring as a player Aherne settled in Luton where he coached the Luton Town youth team, worked in the local car industry and ran a very successful licensed premises. He also continued to visit Limerick regularly and remained healthy and active until he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in the mid-1990s. He died in December 1999 at the age of 80 and was survived by his wife, Eileen, two sons, Pat and Brian, and three daughters, Maura, Trisha and Catherine.

1949 England v Ireland football match
On 21 September 1949 at Goodison Park, Liverpool, the home of Everton, England were defeated 2–0 by Ireland in a friendly international. As a result, Ireland became the first foreign team to beat England at home. In 1953, the Hungarian team known as the Mighty Magyars defeated England 6–3, to become the second team to do so.
Siege of Albarracín (1284)
The siege of Albarracín was a battle fought during the reign of Peter III of Aragon, King of Aragón from the months of April to September 1284. Albarracín, which had for some time belonged to Juan Núñez I de Lara, the head of the House of Lara, was besieged by an Aragonese force. The siege resulted in the successful taking of the city by Aragonese forces after which, Peter III gifted the city to his illegitimate son, Ferdinand of Aragón.

Juan Núñez I de Lara
Juan Núñez I de Lara y León (died Córdoba, April 1294), also known as "el Gordo" or "the Fat", was a Spanish noble. He was the head of the House of Lara, Lord of Lerma, Amaya, Dueñas, Palenzuela, Tordehumos, Torrelobatón, and la Mota. He was further known as Señor de Albarracín through his first marriage with Teresa Álvarez de Azagra.
Popular Tales of the West Highlands
Popular Tales of the West Highlands is a four-volume collection of fairy tales, collected and published by John Francis Campbell, and often translated from Gaelic. Alexander Carmichael was one of the main contributors. The collection in four volumes was first published in 1860–62 in Edinburgh. A new edition (with different pagination) appeared under the auspices of the Islay Association in 1890–93.
Campbell dedicated the work in 1860 to the son of my Chief, the Marquess of Lorne.

Volume IV, subtitled "Postscript", contained miscellany. The greater part of it was devoted to commentary on the Ossian controversy, the rest filled with descriptions of traditional costume, music, and lore on supernatural beings. More West Highland Tales (1940) was later published, provided with translations by John Gunn McKay.

Alexander Carmichael
Alexander Carmichael (full name Alexander Archibald Carmichael or Alasdair Gilleasbaig MacGilleMhìcheil in his native Scottish Gaelic; 1 December 1832, Taylochan, Isle of Lismore – 6 June 1912, Barnton, Edinburgh) was a Scottish exciseman, folklorist, antiquarian, and author. Between 1860 and his death Carmichael collected a vast amount of folklore, local traditions, natural history observations, antiquarian data, and material objects from people throughout the Scottish Highlands, particularly in the southern Outer Hebrides where he lived, worked, and brought up his family between 1864 and 1882. Alexander Carmichael is best known today for Carmina Gadelica, an influential but controversial compendium of edited Highland lore and literature published in six volumes between 1900 and 1971.
Sighthill, Glasgow
Sighthill is a neighbourhood in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated north of the River Clyde and is part of the wider Springburn district in the north of the city. It is bordered to the north by Cowlairs, to the east by the Springburn Bypass road and the Royston neighbourhood, to the west by the Glasgow to Edinburgh via Falkirk Line (running into Queen Street Station) and to the south by the Townhead interchange of the M8 Motorway.

The district is primarily residential and from the mid-1960s consisted of a housing estate split into two sub-areas –  Pinkston to the south and Fountainwell to the north – each with five 20-storey 'slab' tower blocks, plus seven 5-storey maisonette blocks and five rows of tenements in between. Most of these buildings were demolished during the early 21st century and replaced by new housing with associated infrastructure and landscaping.

Cowlairs
Cowlairs (/kaʊˈlɛərz/) is an area in the Scottish city of Glasgow, part of the wider Springburn district of the city. It is situated north of the River Clyde, between central Springburn to the east and Possilpark to the west.

Administratively, in the 21st century Cowlairs is divided by the Glasgow to Edinburgh via Falkirk Line railway tracks (which played a crucial role in its history), with streets to the west of the lines falling under Glasgow City Council's Canal ward, and those to the east within the Springburn/Robroyston ward.
Central Loloish languages
The Central Loloish languages, also known as Central Ngwi, is a branch of Loloish languages in Bradley (1997). It is not used in Lama's (2012) classification. Central Loloish is also not supported in Satterthwaite-Phillips' (2011) computational phylogenetic analysis of the Lolo-Burmese languages.

Lisoish languages
The Lisoish languages are a branch of the Loloish languages proposed by Ziwo Lama (2012) that includes Lisu and several of the Yi languages. David Bradley (1997) considers Lisoish languages to be part of the Central Loloish branch.
Bhaktha Markandeya
Bhakta Markandeya (pronunciationⓘ) is an Indian film shot simultaneously in Tamil and Kannada languages and directed by B. S. Ranga with a different supporting cast in each of the versions. Master Anand played the title role of Markandeya in both the versions. The film was released in 1957.

Markandeya
Markandeya (Sanskrit: मार्कण्‍डेय, romanized: Mārkaṇḍeya) is a rishi (sage) featured in Hindu literature. He is the son of the sage Mrikanda and his wife, Manasvini. The Markandeya Purana (one of the eighteen Mahāpurāṇas in Hinduism), attributed to the sage, comprises a dialogue between Markandeya and a sage called Jaimini. A number of chapters in the Bhagavata Purana are dedicated to his conversations and prayers. He is also mentioned in the Mahabharata. Markandeya is venerated within all mainstream Hindu traditions.
Ovcharets
Ovcharets (Bulgarian: Овчарец) is a summit in eastern Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria reaching height of 2,768 m. It is located in Rila National Park. Ovcharets is built up of granite.

The peak lies on the Musala ridge, in the vicinity of a few other peaks of almost identical height. Ovcharets is south of the summit of Marishki Chal (2,765 m), and next to it, on a short ridge to the east, is the summit of Pesokliva Vapa (2,769 m). The southern slope of Ovcharets is extended and reaches as far as the Dzanka saddle.

On the crest of Ovcharets there are well-defined rock humps. The crest of the summit and its western slopes are covered with stone debris and weathered rocks. The western wall descends almost vertically to the valley of the river Beli Iskar. The eastern slope is grassy and steep, covered with common juniper (Juniperus communis).

Marishki Chal
Marishki Chal (Bulgarian: Маришки чал) is a summit in the eastern part of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria reaching height of 2,765 m. It is located in Rila National Park. The summit is built up of granite.
Suzuki Swift
The Suzuki Swift (Japanese: Japanese: スズキ・スイフト, Hepburn: Suzuki Suifuto) is a supermini car (B-segment) produced by Suzuki. The vehicle is classified as a B-segment marque in the European single market, a segment referred to as a supermini in the British Isles. Prior to this, the "Swift" nameplate had been applied to the rebadged Suzuki Cultus in numerous export markets since 1984. The Swift became its own model in 2004. Currently, the Swift is positioned between Ignis and Baleno in Suzuki's global hatchback lineup.

Since its introduction as a global model in 2004, the Swift has been sold 10 million units as of September 2025.

Suzuki
Suzuki Motor Corporation (Japanese: スズキ株式会社, Hepburn: Suzuki Kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational mobility manufacturer headquartered in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka. It manufactures automobiles, motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), outboard marine engines, wheelchairs and a variety of other small internal combustion engines. In 2016, Suzuki was the eleventh biggest automaker by production worldwide.
Suzuki has over 45,000 employees and has 35 production facilities in 23 countries, and 133 distributors in 192 countries. The worldwide sales volume of automobiles is the world's tenth largest, while domestic sales volume is the third largest in the country.

Suzuki's domestic motorcycle sales volume is the third largest in Japan.
Agile kangaroo rat
The agile kangaroo rat (Dipodomys agilis) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to southern California in the United States. In the 1980s, it was classified as monotypic, though later studies have recognized two subspecies.

Relatively little information has been published on the natural history, life history, ecology, or behavior of the agile kangaroo rat. The species appears to be part of the Californian kangaroo rat radiation, which is derived from a common ancestor with Ord's kangaroo rat. An observational study found distinct habitat differences between the agile and Stephens's kangaroo rats, with the agile preferring more shrubs and lighter soils.

Stephens's kangaroo rat
Stephens's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to the Southern California region of the United States, primarily in western Riverside County. The species is named after American zoologist Frank Stephens (1849–1937).

The natural habitat of Stephens's kangaroo rat is sparsely vegetated temperate grassland. This habitat has been destroyed or modified for agriculture throughout the species' range; as a result, Stephens's kangaroo rat is listed as a threatened species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It occurs sympatrically with the agile kangaroo rat, but tends to prefer few shrubs and gravelly soils to the agile's preference for denser shrubs.
2022 Saskatchewan Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2022 Viterra Saskatchewan Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship for Saskatchewan, was held from January 5 to 9 at the Assiniboia Curling Club in Assiniboia, Saskatchewan. The winning Penny Barker team represented Saskatchewan at the 2022 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

2022 Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2022 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Canada's national women's curling championship, was held from January 28 to February 6 at the Fort William Gardens in Thunder Bay, Ontario. The winning team represented Canada at the 2022 World Women's Curling Championship at the CN Centre in Prince George, British Columbia.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and Ontario public health orders, the tournament was held behind closed doors with no public spectators for the second season in a row. As Ontario began to permit a maximum capacity of 500 spectators at indoor sporting events beginning January 31, Curling Canada explored admitting limited public spectators for the playoff draws, but ultimately decided against doing so. Organizers later invited tournament volunteers and junior curlers from the Thunder Bay area to attend the playoff draws.
The Regime (miniseries)
The Regime is a British-American political satire miniseries from HBO starring Kate Winslet, Matthias Schoenaerts, Guillaume Gallienne, Andrea Riseborough, Martha Plimpton, and Hugh Grant. Will Tracy is writer and executive producer on the series, with Stephen Frears and Jessica Hobbs directing episodes and executive-producing. Winslet, Frank Rich, and Tracey Seaward are also executive producers. Winslet plays Elena Vernham, a dictator ruling precariously over a fictional Central European country.

The Regime premiered on March 3, 2024, with all six episodes debuting in the US on HBO and Max, and in the UK exclusively on Sky Atlantic and Now from April 8, 2024.

Though the miniseries received mixed reviews, Kate Winslet's performance has been singled out for praise from critics.

Andrea Riseborough
Andrea Louise Riseborough (born 20 November 1981) is an English actress. She made her film debut with a small part in Venus (2006), and has since appeared in more prominent roles in Brighton Rock (2010), W.E. (2011), Shadow Dancer (2012), Oblivion (2013), Birdman (2014), Nocturnal Animals (2016), Battle of the Sexes, The Death of Stalin (both 2017), Mandy, Nancy (both 2018), The Grudge, and Possessor (both 2020). For playing an alcoholic in To Leslie (2022), she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress.

Riseborough was nominated for a BAFTA TV for her portrayal of Margaret Thatcher in the television film The Long Walk to Finchley (2008). She won critical acclaim for her performances in the Channel 4 miniseries The Devil's Whore (2008) and National Treasure (2016), as well as the BBC One miniseries The Witness for the Prosecution (2016). Her stage credits include Miss Julie, Measure for Measure (both 2006), and Anton Chekhov's Ivanov (2008).
Piedmont Lithium
Piedmont Lithium is an American mining company in the process of proving economic mineral recovery of lithium at sites in North Carolina, Tennessee, Canada, and Ghana.

The company has done business deals with Tesla and is planning to invest in a $1.8 billion mine in Gaston County, North Carolina.

The Gaston County project is one of multiple projects that Piedmont Lithium is working to develop currently.

The surrounding Gaston County community is concerned that the mine will affect their water and air quality.

Gaston County, North Carolina
Gaston County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 227,943. The county seat is Gastonia. Dallas served as the original county seat from 1846 until 1911.

Gaston County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,805,115 in 2023. The county is located in the southern Piedmont region.

Of North Carolina's 100 counties, Gaston County ranks 74th in size, consisting of approximately 364 square miles (940 km2), and is tenth in population. The county has fifteen incorporated towns. In addition to fifteen incorporated towns and cities, there are several unincorporated communities such as Hardin, Lucia, Crowders Mountain, Sunnyside, Alexis, Tryon, and North Belmont.
Isaac Green Messec
Isaac Green Messec, sometimes Messic or Messick (1823–1901) was a Texas Ranger, 49er, miner, businessman, California State Militia Captain, county sheriff, sergeant-at-arms of the California State Senate and rancher, a well-known figure in political and mining circles early in the history of the State of California.

Bald Hills War
The Bald Hills War (1858–1864) was a war fought by the forces of the California Militia,  California Volunteers and soldiers of the U.S. Army against the Chilula, Lassik, Hupa, Mattole, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Tsnungwe, Wailaki, Whilkut and Wiyot Native American peoples.

The war was fought within the boundaries of the counties of Mendocino, Trinity, Humboldt, Klamath, and Del Norte in Northern California.  During the American Civil War, Army reorganization created the Department of the Pacific on 15 January 1861, and on 12 December 1861, the Humboldt Military District, which was formed to organize the effort to unseat the native population.  The district was headquartered at Fort Humboldt, which is now a California State Historic Park located within the City of Eureka, California.  The District's efforts were directed at waging the ongoing Bald Hills War against the native people in those counties.
Germersheim (district)
Germersheim (German: [ˈɡɛʁmɐsˌhaɪm] ⓘ) is a district in the south-east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Südliche Weinstraße, Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, the district Karlsruhe as well as the district-free city of Karlsruhe, and the French département Bas-Rhin.

Südliche Weinstraße
Südliche Weinstraße (German: [ˌzyːtlɪçə ˈvaɪnˌʃtʁaːsə]; Palatine German: Siedlischi Woischdrooß; lit. 'Southern Wine Route') is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Südwestpfalz, Bad Dürkheim, the district-free city Neustadt (Weinstraße), Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, Germersheim, and the French département Bas-Rhin. The district-free city Landau is surrounded by the district.
Drama Desk Awards
The Drama Desk Awards are among the most esteemed honors in New York theater, recognizing outstanding achievements across Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off-Broadway productions within the same categories.  The awards are considered a significant American theater honor and are often referred to as "the Golden Globes of Theatre."

Established in 1955, the awards are presented annually by the Drama Desk organization, a collective of New York City-based theatre critics, journalists, editors, and publishers dedicated to celebrating excellence in the performing arts. The awards are represented by long-time Broadway press agency, Keith Sherman & Associates.

Off-off-Broadway
Off-off-Broadway theaters are smaller New York City theaters than Broadway and off-Broadway theaters, and usually have fewer than 100 seats. The off-off-Broadway movement began in 1958 as part of a response to perceived commercialism of the professional theatre scene and as an experimental or avant-garde movement of drama and theatre. Over time, some off-off-Broadway productions have moved away from the movement's early experimental spirit.
Potatoes & You
Potatoes & You is an acoustic live album by the Wildhearts frontman Ginger. It was recorded at TJ's in Newport, Wales, during an acoustic tour in 2005. The album was originally only available to buy at shows, but can now be downloaded at Ginger's official Bandcamp page.

Ginger Wildheart
Ginger Wildheart (born David Leslie Walls; 17 December 1964), sometimes known simply as Ginger, is an English rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He began his professional career as a guitarist in the Quireboys, but is best known as the founder and leader of the Wildhearts. In addition, he has released numerous solo albums and has been involved in many other musical projects.