hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Josiah Conder (architect)
Josiah Conder (28 September 1852 – 21 June 1920) was a British-French architect who was hired by the Meiji Japanese government as a professor of architecture for the Imperial College of Engineering and became architect of Japan's Public Works. He started his own practice after 1888.

Conder designed numerous public buildings in Tokyo, including the Rokumeikan, which became a controversial symbol of Westernisation in the Meiji period. He educated young Japanese architects, notably Tatsuno Kingo and Katayama Tōkuma, earning him the nickname "father of Japanese modern architecture."

Kyū-Furukawa Gardens
Kyū-Furukawa Gardens (旧古河庭園, kyū-furukawa teien) is a Tokyo metropolitan park in Nishigahara, Kita, Tokyo. The park includes a Western-style mansion, a Western-style rose garden, and a Japanese-style garden, all of which were built in early 20th century.
Warekena language
Warekena (Guarequena), or more precisely Warekena of Xié, is an Arawakan language of Brazil and of Maroa Municipality in Venezuela, spoken near the Guainia River. It is one of several languages which go by the generic name Baré and Baniwa/Baniva – in this case, distinguished as Baniva de Maroa or Baniva de Guainía.

There may be 10 speakers in Brazil and 200 in Venezuela, per Aikhenvald (1999).

Kaufman (1994) classified it in a Warekena group of Western Nawiki Upper Amazonian, Aikhenvald (1999) in Eastern Nawiki.

Personal pronouns in Warekena are formed by adding an emphatic suffix -ya to the cross-referencing personal prefixes.

Arawakan languages
Arawakan (Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper), also known as Maipurean (also Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre), is a language family spoken among various Indigenous peoples in South America. Branches migrated to Central America and the Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, including what is now the Bahamas. Most present-day South American countries are known to have been home to speakers of Arawakan languages, with the exceptions of Ecuador, Uruguay, and Chile. Maipurean may be related to other language families in a hypothetical Macro-Arawakan stock.
Eden Valley, Minnesota
Eden Valley is a city in Meeker and Stearns counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 1,027 at the 2020 census. Most of Eden Valley is in Meeker County; the Stearns County portion is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Stearns County, Minnesota
Stearns County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,292. Its county seat and largest city is St. Cloud.

Included within the Minnesota Territory since 1849, the county was founded by European Americans in 1855. It was originally named for Isaac Ingalls Stevens, then renamed for Charles Thomas Stearns. Stearns County is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Combined Statistical Area.
Barxudarlı
Barkhudarly (Azerbaijani: Barxudarlı; Armenian: Բարխուդարլու, romanized: Barkhudarlu) is an abandoned Azerbaijani village in the Qazakh District of Azerbaijan, under the de facto control of Armenia. Sofulu and Barxudarlı, together, form a 22 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi) exclave of Azerbaijan surrounded by Armenia's Tavush Province.

Sofulu, Qazax
Sofulu (Armenian: Սոֆուլու) is an abandoned Azerbaijani village in the Qazakh District of Azerbaijan. It is located within the exclave of Barxudarlı, fully surrounded by the Tavush Province of Armenia. It has been under the control of Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Today, the village is de facto administered as part of the Tavush Province under the same name.
Shah Siddiq
Shah Siddiq (Arabic: شاه صديق, Bengali: শাহ সিদ্দিক) was a 14th-century Sufi saint and one of the 360 auliyas or followers who accompanied Shah Jalal in his Conquest of Sylhet from Turkey. He traced his descent from Abu Bakr Siddiq, the first caliph of Islam. Descendants of Shah Siddiq from Panchpara, Osmanpur Union, Osmani Nagar Upazila (in Bangladesh) carry the surname Siddiquee.

He lies buried in the Panchpara village in Sylhet District, at roughly 24°43'09.7"N 91°46'31.1"E. The Panchpara Shah Siddique (R) Jamea Islamia High School is named after him. His exact date of death remains unknown, however a plaque on his tomb claims that it could be the 21st of August, 1373 A.D.

Older images of his tomb can be found in this website.

Shah Jalal
Shāh Jalāl Mujarrad Kunyāʾī (شيخ جلال مجرد كنيائي), popularly known as Shah Jalal (Bengali: শাহ জালাল, romanized: Śah Jalal, IPA: [ˈʃaˑ ˈdʒalal]), was a celebrated Sufi Saint, conqueror and historical figure of Bengal. His name is often associated with the Muslim conquest of Sylhet and the Spread of Islam into the region, part of a long history of interactions between the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia. Various complexes and religious places have been named after him, including the largest airport in Bangladesh, Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport, Shahjalal University of Science and technology (SUST) and numerous mosques around the United Kingdom.
Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego
The Diocese of San Diego (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Didaci) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Southern California, United States. Its ecclesiastical territory includes all of San Diego and Imperial counties.

The diocese is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Its mother church is St. Joseph Cathedral in San Diego. Its bishop is Michael Pham.

Leo Thomas Maher
Leo Thomas Maher (July 1, 1915 – February 23, 1991) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Santa Rosa in California (1962–1969) and as bishop of the Diocese of San Diego in California (1969–1990).
Mirza Ahmad Ispahani
Mirza Ahmad Ispahani (1898–1986) was a Perso-Bengali businessman based in Chittagong and the patriarch of the Ispahani family. He was the founder of Orient Airways and the first chairman of Pakistan International Airlines (PIA). He was the chairman of Ispahani Group.

Ispahani family
The Ispahani family, also known as the House of Ispahani, are a Perso-Bengali business family. In Bangladesh, they own and manage M. M. Ispahani Limited, one of the country's leading conglomerates. Originally hailing from Isfahan, Iran, the family have been settled in the Indian subcontinent for more than two centuries.
Tournai
Tournai (/tʊərˈneɪ/ toor-NAY, French: [tuʁnɛ] ⓘ; Picard: Tornai; Walloon: Tornè [tɔʀnɛ] ⓘ; Dutch: Doornik [ˈdoːrnɪk] ⓘ, sometimes anglicised in older sources as "Tournay") is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It lies 89 km (55 mi) by road southwest of the centre of Brussels on the river Scheldt, and is part of Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai, In 2022, the municipality of Tournai had an estimated population of 68,518 people.

Tournai is one of the oldest cities in Belgium and has played an important role in the country's cultural history. It was the first capital of the Frankish Empire, with Clovis I being born here.

Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai
Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai is a metropolitan area in Europe around the transborder agglomeration of the French city of Lille, and the Belgian cities Kortrijk and Tournai.

It covers the local regions Lille Métropole, south-eastern West Flanders (4 districts) and Wallonie Picarde (3 districts), 147 municipalities in total. The 2008 population was 2,155,161.

It is one of the EU-designated cross-border regions under the auspices of European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation.
Kane County, Illinois
Kane County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 516,522, making it the fifth-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Geneva, and its largest city is Aurora. Kane County is one of the collar counties of the metropolitan statistical area designated "Chicago–Naperville–Elgin, IL–IN–WI" by the US census.

Dundee Township, Illinois
Dundee Township occupies the 6-mile (9.7 km) square in the Northeast corner of Kane County, Illinois.  It includes West and East Dundee, Carpentersville, Sleepy Hollow, Gilberts and portions of Elgin, Barrington Hills, and Algonquin.  It is divided by the Fox River.

As of the 2010 census, its population was 64,722 and it contained 22,699 housing units.
SS Northern Star (1961)
SS Northern Star was an ocean liner completed in 1962 for the United Kingdom-based Shaw, Savill & Albion Line's tourist class round the world service via South Africa and Australia. She was essentially an enlarged version of the Southern Cross, built seven years earlier. Northern Star sailed out via the Cape and home via Panama, while her fleet mate sailed out via Panama and home via the Cape.

SS Southern Cross (1954)
SS Southern Cross was an ocean liner built in 1955 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, Northern Ireland for the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line for Europe to Australia services. In 1975 she was rebuilt as a cruise ship and subsequently sailed under the names Calypso, Azure Seas and OceanBreeze until 2003 when she was sold for scrap to Ahmed Muztaba Steel Industries, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

The Southern Cross was the first passenger ship of over 20,000 gross register tons to be built that had the engine room (and as a result of that, the funnel) located near the stern, rather than amidships. She started a trend of aft-engined ships, and today most passenger ships are built this way.  Southern Cross was also the first major liner to have no cargo space, other than for ship's stores and passenger luggage.
Suhum/Kraboa/Coaltar District
Suhum/Kraboa/Coaltar District is a former district that was located in Eastern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988, which was created from the former Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar District Council. However on 28 June 2012, it was split off into two new districts: Suhum Municipal District (capital: Suhum) and Ayensuano District (capital: Coaltar). The district assembly was located in the southern part of Eastern Region and had Suhum as its capital town.

Ayensuano District
Ayensuano District is one of the thirty-three districts in Eastern Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar District in 1988, which was created from the former Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar District Council, until the southern part of the district was split off to create Ayensuano (district) on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Suhum Municipal District, which it was also elevated into municipal district assembly status on that same year. The district assembly is located in the southern part of Eastern Region and has Coaltar as its capital town. The population of the district as at December 2024 stood at 98,300.
Caucasus Germans
Caucasus Germans (German: Kaukasiendeutsche) are part of the German minority in Russia and the Soviet Union. They migrated to the Caucasus largely in the first half of the 19th century and settled in the North Caucasus, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and the region of Kars (present-day northeastern Turkey). In 1941, the majority of them were subject to deportation to Central Asia and Siberia during Joseph Stalin's population transfer in the Soviet Union. After Stalin's death in 1953 and the beginning of the Khrushchev Thaw, the Caucasus Germans were allowed to return, though only few did. Many assimilated and, after 1991, immigrated to Germany. Although the community today is a fraction of what it once was, many German buildings and churches are still extant, with some turned into museums.

Shamkir (city)
40°49′47″N 46°01′08″E﻿ / ﻿40.82972°N 46.01889°E﻿ / 40.82972; 46.01889

Shamkir (Azerbaijani: Şəmkir), known historically as Annenfeld, is a city in and the capital of Shamkir District in western Azerbaijan, located in the northern foothills of the Lesser Caucasus, on the coast of the Chagirchay River on Tbilisi-Yevlakh highway, about 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from Dallar railway station. It is the eighth most populous city in Azerbaijan.
North Johns, Alabama
North Johns is the second smallest incorporated town in Jefferson County, Alabama (after Cardiff), United States. It is located approximately eight miles southwest from the Birmingham suburb of Hueytown. North Johns was a thriving mining town at the beginning of the 20th century, when more than 2000 people lived in and around the community. It is named after a Welsh-born mining engineer, Llewellyn Johns, who opened coal mining operations throughout the area in the 1880s. At the 2020 census the population was 127, a decrease of 18 persons from 2010.

Jefferson County, Alabama
Jefferson County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama, located in the central portion of the state. As of the 2020 census, its population was 674,721. Its county seat is Birmingham. Its rapid growth as an industrial city in the 20th century, based on heavy manufacturing in steel and iron, established its dominance. Jefferson County is the central county of the Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Niouldé
Niouldé is a village in western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Kaadé, Guiglo Department, Cavally Region, Montagnes District.

Niouldé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Kaadé
Kaadé is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Guiglo Department in Cavally Region, Montagnes District.

Kaadé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Kaadé was 25,253.
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
The Cardigan Welsh corgi (/ˈkɔːrɡi/; Welsh for "dwarf dog") is one of two different varieties of livestock-herding dog breeds known as Welsh corgis (originating in Wales), with the other being the Pembroke Welsh corgi. It is one of the oldest breeds of the British Isles. Cardigan Welsh corgis are known to be an extremely loyal and trainable dog breed, naturally attuned to herding many different animals, from poultry and waterfowl to large livestock such as sheep and cattle. They are also versatile and can live in a variety of settings.

Herding dog
A herding dog, also known as a stock dog or working dog, is a type of dog that either has been trained in herding livestock or belongs to one of the breeds that were developed for herding. A dog specifically trained to herd sheep is known as a sheep dog or shepherd dog, and one trained to herd cattle is known as a cattle dog or cow dog.
Raymond Moriyama
Raymond Junichi Moriyama CC OOnt FRAIC (October 11, 1929 – September 1, 2023) was a Canadian architect.

The private practice in Toronto he co-founded with Ted Teshima, Moriyama & Teshima Architects, was renowned for designing many major buildings across the world, including the Canadian War Museum and the Canadian Embassy in Tokyo. Moriyama's focus was on humane architecture with the pursuit of true ideals, democracy, and unanimity of all people.

L'Amoreaux Collegiate Institute
L'Amoreaux Collegiate Institute (AKA L'Am) is a public high school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada founded in 1973. It is located in the L'Amoreaux neighbourhood of the former suburb of Scarborough. Originally part of the Scarborough Board of Education, it is now consolidated into the Toronto District School Board. In 2021-2022, the school had an enrolment of 445 representing 47% of its 957 total capacity. The number of students at L'Am for whom English is an additional language is more than double the provincial average (60% vs. 23%) as is the number of students who are new to Canada from a non-English speaking country (10% vs. 5.1%). The area feeding the school also contends with an over-representation of children from lower-income households (30% vs ~18%). However, 81% passed the Grade 10 literacy test on their first attempt in 2021-2022; essentially identical to the provincial average. The motto of the school is "Freedom with Responsibility".
Fernacre
Fernacre (grid reference SX14477997), also known as Fernacre stone circle or Fernacre circle, is a stone circle located on the slopes of the De Lank River, 1.25 miles (2.01 km) northeast of St Breward on Bodmin Moor in Cornwall in the United Kingdom.

Rough Tor
Rough Tor (/ˈraʊtər/), or Roughtor, is a tor on Bodmin Moor, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The site comprises the tor summit and logan stone, a Neolithic tor enclosure, many Bronze Age hut circles, and some contemporary monuments.
Cardarelli's sign
Cardarelli's sign is an abnormal pulsation to the right of the trachea that may be found in people with an aneurysm of the aortic arch.

It can be felt by pressing the right side of the trachea. A variation is Oliver's sign.

It is named for Antonio Cardarelli.

Oliver's sign
Oliver's sign, or the tracheal tug sign, is an abnormal downward movement of the trachea during systole that can indicate a dilation or aneurysm of the aortic arch.

Oliver's sign is elicited by gently grasping the cricoid cartilage and applying upward pressure while the patient stands with their chin extended upward. 
Due to the anatomic position of the aortic arch, which overrides the left main bronchus, a downward tug of the trachea may be felt if an aneurysm is present. It is also seen in light anaesthesia.

The sign was first described by English military surgeon William Silver Oliver in 1878.
National Space Defense Center
The National Space Defense Center (NSDC) is a subordinate center of United States Space Command's Joint Task Force–Space Defense. It is responsible for coordinating military, intelligence, civil, and commercial space for unified space defense operations. The NSDC is located at Schriever Space Force Base, outside of Colorado Springs.

Joint Task Force–Space Defense
The Joint Task Force–Space Defense (JTF–SD) was a joint task force and subordinate command of United States Space Command. It was responsible for executing control of space defense and space domain awareness units to protect and defend U.S. space capabilities.
Persian Gulf campaign of 1819
The Persian Gulf campaign of 1819 was a British punitive expedition, principally against the Arab maritime force of the Qawasim in the Persian Gulf, which embarked from Bombay, India in November 1819 to attack Ras Al Khaimah. The campaign was militarily successful for the British and led to the signing of the General Maritime Treaty of 1820 between the British and the Sheikhs of what was then known as the "Pirate Coast" and would become known as the Trucial Coast or Trucial States after this treaty. Today, the Trucial States comprise the United Arab Emirates.

Al Jazirah Al Hamra
Al Jazirah Al Hamra (Arabic: الجزيرة الحمراء, English: The Red Island) is a town to the south of the city of Ras Al Khaimah in the United Arab Emirates. It is known for its collection of abandoned houses and other buildings, including a mosque, which is widely believed locally to be haunted. The town was ruled by the Zaab tribe, which was rehoused in Abu Dhabi following a dispute with the ruler of Ras Al Khaimah.

A program of restoration and preservation was commenced in 2010, preserving Jazirah Al Hamra as a heritage village. Conservation work was ongoing as of 2025.
Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk
The Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus venator), falcón de sierra or gavilán pecho rufo in Spanish, is an endemic subspecies of the North American sharp-shinned hawk, occurring only in Puerto Rico. Discovered in 1912: 46711  and described as a distinct subspecies, it has been placed on the United States Fish and Wildlife Service list of endangered species because of its rapidly dwindling population in Puerto Rico. It can be found in the Toro Negro State Forest.

Sharp-shinned hawk
The sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) or northern sharp-shinned hawk, colloquially often nicknamed sharpie, is a small hawk, with males being the smallest hawks in the United States and Canada, but with the species averaging larger than some Neotropical species, such as the tiny hawk. The taxonomy is far from resolved, with some authorities considering the southern taxa to represent three separate species, white-breasted hawk (A. chionogaster), plain-breasted hawk (A. ventralis), and rufous-thighed hawk (A. erythronemius). The American Ornithological Society and some other checklists keep all four species conspecific. A recent genetic study additionally recommended splitting the three Caribbean island populations as three additional separate species, though this has not yet been adopted by any of the ornithological authorities.
Helcogramma vulcana
Helcogramma vulcana, the volcano triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny in the genus Helcogramma. It was described by John E. Randall and Eugenie Clark in 1993. This species is found in the western Pacific Ocean where it has been recorded from Bali to Gunung Api and Manuk in the Banda Sea.

Helcogramma
Helcogramma is a genus in the triplefin family Tripterygiidae. The blennies in the genus Helcogramma are found throughout the Indo-Pacific and in the South Atlantic Ocean off the islands of St Helena and Ascension.
Magnetospirillum
Magnetospirillum is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic genus of magnetotactic bacteria, first isolated from pond water by the microbiologist R. P. Blakemore in 1975. They have a spiral (helical) shape and are propelled by a polar flagellum at each end of their cells. The three main species identified are M. magnetotacticum strain MS-1, M. griphiswaldense strain MSR-1, and M. magneticum strain AMB-1.

Magnetotaxis
Magnetotaxis is a process implemented by a diverse group of Gram-negative bacteria that involves orienting and coordinating movement in response to Earth's magnetic field. This process is mainly carried out by microaerophilic and anaerobic bacteria found in aquatic environments such as salt marshes, seawater, and freshwater lakes. By sensing the magnetic field, the bacteria are able to orient themselves towards environments with more favorable oxygen concentrations. This orientation towards more favorable oxygen concentrations allows the bacteria to reach these environments faster as opposed to random movement through Brownian motion.
Kakaji, Ōita
Kakaji (香々地町, Kakaji-chō) was a town located in Nishikunisaki District, Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,604 and a density of 95.62 persons per km2. The total area was 37.69 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Kakaji, along with the town of Matama (also from Nishikunisaki District), was merged into the expanded city of Bungotakada.

Bungotakada, Ōita
Bungotakada (豊後高田市, Bungotakada-shi) is a city located in Ōita Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 November 2023, the city had an estimated population of 21,980 in 11038 households, and a  population density of 96 persons per km². The total area of the city is 206.24 km2 (79.63 sq mi).
Ram Avatar Sharma
Ram Avatar Sarma (1877–1929) was an Indian Sanskrit scholar and academic, apart from being an indologist and historian. A professor of Sanskrit in University of Patna in pre-independence years. He was also a renowned Indologist. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India and a student of Sarma, was instrumental in getting his works published after his death. His son, Nalin Vilochan Sharma was also a professor of Hindi Literature in University of Patna and started the Nai Kavita; New Poetry movement in Hindi literature.

Nalin Vilochan Sharma
Nalin Vilochan Sarma (18 February 1916 – 12 September 1961) was a professor of Hindi Literature in University of Patna. He started the Nakenwad movement in Hindi literature. He was the son of Ram Avatar Sharma, a Sanskrit scholar.