hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
TED spread
The TED spread is the difference between the interest rates on interbank loans and on short-term U.S. government debt ("T-bills"). TED is an acronym formed from T-Bill and ED, the ticker symbol for the Eurodollar futures contract.

Initially, the TED spread was the difference between the interest rates for three-month U.S. Treasuries contracts and the three-month Eurodollars contract as represented by the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). However, since the Chicago Mercantile Exchange dropped T-bill futures after the 1987 crash, the TED spread was calculated as the difference between the three-month LIBOR and the three-month T-bill interest rate. The discontinuation of LIBOR in 2021 led to its partial replacement by the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in the calculation, which does not provide an equivalent measurement.

Overnight indexed swap
An overnight indexed swap (OIS) is an interest rate swap (IRS) over some given term, e.g. 10Y, where the periodic fixed payments are tied to a given fixed rate while the periodic floating payments are tied to a floating rate calculated from a daily compounded overnight rate over the floating coupon period. Note that the OIS term is not overnight; it is the underlying reference rate that is an overnight rate. The exact compounding formula depends on the type of such overnight rate.

The index rate is typically the rate for overnight lending between banks, either non-secured or secured, for example the Federal funds rate or SOFR for US dollar, €STR (formerly EONIA) for Euro or SONIA for sterling. The fixed rate of OIS is typically an interest rate considered less risky than the corresponding interbank rate (LIBOR) because there is limited counterparty risk.
My Aunt from Honfleur (1931 film)
My Aunt from Honfleur (French: Ma tante d'Honfleur) is a 1931 French comedy film directed by André Gillois and starring Florelle, Jim Gérald and Jeanne Cheirel. It is based on the 1914 play My Aunt from Honfleur by Paul Gavault. Produced in 1931 it was not given a full release until March the following year.

Jeanne Cheirel
Jeanne Cheirel (born Jeanne Augustine Baltazar; 18 March 1869 – 2 November 1934) was a French film and stage actress. She was in the original cast of two of Georges Feydeau's plays Tied by the Leg (1894) and The Turkey (1896). She made her screen debut in a 1909 short film and continued acting in cinema until her death in 1934. She was the aunt of the actress Micheline Cheirel.
La Cittadella (1964 miniseries)
La Cittadella is a 1964 Italian miniseries based on A. J. Cronin's 1937 novel, The Citadel, and produced by Radiotelevisione Italiana.  It was directed by Anton Giulio Majano and stars Alberto Lupo as Dr. Manson and Anna Maria Guarnieri as his wife, Christine. Other television versions include an American (1960), another Italian (2003), and two British adaptations, 1960 and 1983.

The Citadel (1960 TV series)
The Citadel is a 1960 British television adaptation of A. J. Cronin's 1937 novel, The Citadel. The series was directed by John Frankau and produced by Peter Graham Scott. It starred Eric Lander as Dr. Andrew Manson, and Zena Walker as Christine, his wife. This television adaptation is entirely missing, i.e. all nine episodes are believed to be lost.

Other television versions include an American television film (1960), another British serial (1983), and two Italian (1964 and 2003) adaptations.
Chapel of the Holy Cross (Holderness, New Hampshire)
The Chapel of the Holy Cross is a historic Episcopal church at 45 Chapel Lane on the campus of Holderness School in Holderness, New Hampshire.  Built in 1884 to a design by Charles Coolidge Haight, it is a prominent regional example of Gothic Revival architecture.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Charles C. Haight
Charles Coolidge Haight (March 17, 1841 – February 9, 1917) was an American architect who practiced in New York City. He designed most of the buildings at Columbia College's now-demolished old campus on Madison Avenue, and designed numerous buildings at Yale University, many of which have survived (even though Yale's collegiate-gothic architecture is more often associated with the better known James Gamble Rogers). He designed the master plan and many of the buildings on the campus of the General Theological Seminary in Chelsea, New York, most of which have survived. Haight's architectural drawings and photographs are held in the Dept. of Drawings and Archives at the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University in New York City.
Aap Ki Kasam
Aap Ki Kasam (English: I swear by you) is a 1974 Indian Hindi romance film produced by J. Om Prakash, which also marks his directorial debut. The film stars Rajesh Khanna, Mumtaz, Sanjeev Kumar, Rehman, Asrani and A. K. Hangal. The music is by R.D. Burman, who received the only Filmfare nomination for the film.

The film is a remake of the Malayalam film Vaazhve Mayam (1970), directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan, where the ending was different. The film was later also remade in Telugu, retaining the original ending, by director Dasari Narayana Rao as Edadugula Bandham, (1985) starring Mohan Babu and Jayasudha.

A. K. Hangal
Avtar Kishan Hangal (1 February 1914 – 26 August 2012) was an Indian freedom fighter and actor. His most notable roles are as Ram Shastri in Aaina (1977), as Inder Sen in Shaukeen, as Bipinlal Pandey in Namak Haraam, as Imaam Saa'b in Sholay, as Anokhelal in Manzil and the antagonist in Prem Bandhan and the 16 films he did with Rajesh Khanna. He has acted in around 225 Hindi films in a career spanning from 1966 to 2005.
David L. Baker
David Lee Baker (born 1952) is an American lawyer and judge who served as a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court from 2008 to 2010. Prior to his time in the state's supreme court, he served as a District Court judge for the Sixth Judicial District and on the Iowa Court of Appeals.

Iowa Supreme Court
The Iowa Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Iowa. The Court is composed of a chief justice and six associate justices.

The Court holds its regular sessions in Des Moines in the Iowa Judicial Branch Building located at 1111 East Court Avenue on the state Capitol grounds, south of the Iowa State Capitol.
Roy Nichols
Roy Ernest Nichols (October 21, 1932 – July 3, 2001) was an American country music guitarist best known as the lead guitarist for Merle Haggard's band The Strangers for more than two decades. He was known for his guitar technique, a mix of fingerpicking and pedal steel-like bends, usually played on a Fender Telecaster electric guitar. Nichols is considered one of the founders of the country music subgenre the “Bakersfield Sound”, which includes such notable country artists as Haggard, Buck Owens, and Don Rich.

The Strangers (American band)
The Strangers were an American country band that formed in 1966 in Bakersfield, California. They mainly served as the backup band for singer-songwriter Merle Haggard, who named them after his first hit single "(My Friends Are Gonna Be) Strangers". In addition to serving as his backing band, members of the Strangers also produced many of Haggard's records, sang lead vocals on select tracks, and co-wrote many of Haggard's songs with him, including the No. 1 singles, "Okie From Muskogee" and "I Always Get Lucky with You".

From 1969 to 1973, they issued several records independent of Haggard, released on Capitol Records, and even had their own Top 10 hit single called "Street Singer" on the Billboard Hot Country Songs Chart. Three members of the Strangers would go on to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Between 1969 and 1987, the Strangers were voted Band of the Year by the Academy of Country Music eight times—more than any other group in history.
Albert Demangeon
Albert Demangeon (13 June 1872 – 25 July 1940) was a Professor of social geography at the Sorbonne in Paris for many years. He was an educator, a prolific author, and in the 1930s was the leading French academic in the field of human geography. He was a pioneer in the use of surveys to collect information on social questions.

Paul Vidal de La Blache
Paul Vidal de La Blache (French pronunciation: [pɔl vidal də la blaʃ], Pézenas, Hérault, 22 January 1845 – Tamaris-sur-Mer, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, 5 April 1918) was a French geographer. He is considered to be the founder of modern French geography and also the founder of the French School of Geopolitics. He conceived the idea of genre de vie, which is the belief that the lifestyle of a particular region reflects the economic, social, ideological and psychological identities imprinted on the landscape.
Poeciliinae
Poeciliinae is a subfamily of killifish from the family Poeciliidae which contains species from the Americas which are collectively known as the livebearers because many, but not all, of the species within the subfamily are ovoviviparous.

Poeciliidae
Poeciliidae are a family of freshwater ray-finned fishes of the order Cyprinodontiformes, the tooth-carps, and include well-known live-bearing aquarium fish, such as the guppy, molly, platy, and swordtail. The original distribution of the family was the Southeastern United States to north of Río de la Plata, Argentina. Due to release of aquarium specimens and the widespread use of species of the genera Poecilia and Gambusia for mosquito control, though, introduced poeciliids can today be found in all tropical and subtropical areas of the world. In addition, Poecilia and Gambusia specimens have been identified in hot springs pools as far north as Banff, Alberta.
Award of the George Cross to Malta
The island was a British colony from 1813 to 1964 and the George Cross was awarded to the island of Malta in April 1942 by King George VI.  This was during the Siege of Malta by Italy and Germany in the early part of World War II. The George Cross was incorporated into the flag of Malta beginning in 1943 and remains on the current design of the flag.

Crown Colony of Malta
The Crown Colony of the Island of Malta and its Dependencies (commonly known as the Crown Colony of Malta or simply Malta) was the British colony in the Maltese islands, that has become the modern Republic of Malta. It was established when the Malta Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1813, and this was confirmed by the Treaty of Paris in 1814.  The colony gained independence in 1964.
Center of It
"Center of It" is a song by Christian Contemporary-R&B musician Chris August from his second album, The Upside of Down. It was released on June 12, 2012 by Fervent Records. The composers of the song are August and Ben Glover.

The Upside of Down (album)
The Upside of Down is the second studio album by contemporary Christian musician Chris August. It was released on August 21, 2012 through Fervent Records, and the album was produced by Chris August and Ian Eskelin. The album debuted at No. 101 on the Billboard 200 chart and at No. 3 on the Christian Albums chart. In addition, the lead single from the album "Center of It" has garnered chart success.
Vichitra Chiraprabha
Princess Vichitra Chiraprabha (Thai: วิจิตรจิรประภา; RTGS: Wichit Chiraprapha; 21 April 1881 – 15 August 1881) was a Princess of Siam (later Thailand). She was a member of the Siamese royal family, the daughter of Chulalongkorn.

Her mother was Queen Savang Vadhana, consort and half-sister of King Chulalongkorn (later become Queen Sri Savarindira, the Queen Grandmother). She was the eldest daughter and the third child of King Chulalongkorn and Queen Savang Vadhana together. She was given the full name by her father as Vichitra Chiraprabha Adulyadirekratana Khattiyarajakumari (Thai: วิจิตรจิรประภา อดุลยาดิเรกรัตน ขัตติยราชกุมารี)

She died in infancy on 15 August 1881, at the age of 3 months.

Savang Vadhana
Sri Savarindira (Thai: ศรีสวรินทิรา; RTGS: Si Sawarinthira, 10 September 1862 – 17 December 1955), also known as Savang Vadhana  (Thai: สว่างวัฒนา; RTGS: Sawang Watthana), was a half-sister and queen consort of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). After her first grandson's accession to power in 1935, she became known as  Her Majesty Queen Sri Savarindira, The Queen Grandmother of Thailand title in Thailand is  Somdetch Phra Phan Vassa Ayika Chao (สมเด็จพระพันวัสสาอัยยิกาเจ้า; RTGS: Somdet Phra Phan Watsa Ai-yika Chao; "the Queen Grandmother"). All her children died before her and she lived to see her grandsons Ananda Mahidol and Bhumibol Adulyadej take the throne.
Delcambre Canal
The Delcambre Canal, also known as Bayou Carlin, runs from Lake Peigneur in Louisiana to  Vermilion Bay near Weeks Island.  It serves to connect the shrimping center of Delcambre to the Gulf of Mexico.  It also has a spur connection to Avery Island and crosses the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.  The canal was first dredged in 1906.

In 1980 an oil drilling rig in Lake Peigneur pierced a deep salt mine, causing the lake to drain into the mine. No people died, but the Delcambre Canal flowed backwards feeding gulf waters into the lake until the mine was filled and the lake refilled.

Lake Peigneur
Lake Peigneur is a brackish lake in the U.S. state of Louisiana, 1.2 miles (1.9 kilometers) north of Delcambre and 9.1 mi (14.6 km) west of New Iberia, near the northernmost tip of Vermilion Bay. With a maximum depth of 200 feet (60 meters), it is the deepest lake in Louisiana. Its name comes from the French word "peigneur", meaning "one who combs."

Previously, it had been a 10-foot-deep (3 m) freshwater lake, popular for recreation, until human activity caused an unusual disaster on November 20, 1980, that changed its structure and the surrounding land.
Katie Petty-Saphon
Katie Petty-Saphon MBE  has been Chief Executive of the Medical Schools Council since 2003. She also oversees the associated membership organisations: the Dental Schools Council, the Veterinary Schools Council, the Pharmacy Schools Council, and the Association of Dental Hospitals.

She was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for her services to medicine in 2011 and has been a fellow of the Academy of Medical Educators since 2015.

Medical Schools Council
The Medical Schools Council is an organisation that represents all undergraduate medical schools and one post graduate school in the United Kingdom. The membership is made up of the heads, or deans of the medical schools. It was formerly known as the Council of Heads of Medical Schools.
Bugs' Bonnets
Bugs' Bonnets is a 1956 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon, directed by Chuck Jones and written by Tedd Pierce. The short was released on January 14, 1956, and stars Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd. The film has both Bugs and Elmer constantly change social roles and personas, accompanying each change of hat on their heads.

Elmer Fudd
Elmer J. Fudd is an animated cartoon character in the Warner Bros. Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies series and the archenemy of Bugs Bunny. Elmer's aim is to hunt Bugs, but he usually ends up seriously injuring himself and other antagonizing characters. He exhibits the speech sound disorder known as rhotacism, replacing his Rs and Ls with Ws thus referring to Bugs Bunny as a "scwewy" (screwy) or "wascawwy (rascally) wabbit." Elmer's signature catchphrase is, "Shhh. Be vewy, vewy quiet, I'm hunting wabbits", as well as his trademark laugh.

The best known Elmer Fudd cartoons include Chuck Jones' work What's Opera, Doc?, the Rossini parody Rabbit of Seville, and the "Hunting Trilogy" of "Rabbit Season/Duck Season" shorts (Rabbit Fire, Rabbit Seasoning, and Duck! Rabbit, Duck!) with Elmer Fudd, Bugs Bunny, and Daffy Duck. An earlier prototype of a character named Egghead had some of Elmer's recognizable aspects before the character's more conspicuous features were set.
Michael Moroney (horseman)
Michael Denis Moroney (6 June 1958 – 27 February 2025) was a New Zealand Thoroughbred racehorse trainer.  He was notable for having trained Brew to win the 2000 Melbourne Cup and many other Group One races in New Zealand and Australia.

2000 Melbourne Cup
The 2000 Melbourne Cup was the 140th running of the Melbourne Cup, a prestigious Australian Thoroughbred horse race. The race, run over 3,200 metres (1.988 mi), was held on 6 November 2000 at Melbourne's Flemington Racecourse.

It was won by Brew, trained by Michael Moroney and ridden by Kerrin McEvoy.
Bruce Norris (playwright)
Bruce Norris (born May 16, 1960) is an American character actor and playwright associated with the Steppenwolf Theatre Company of Chicago. His play Clybourne Park won the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.

Clybourne Park
Clybourne Park is a 2010 play by Bruce Norris inspired by Lorraine Hansberry's play A Raisin in the Sun (1959). It portrays fictional events set during and after the Hansberry play, and is loosely based on historical events that took place in the city of Chicago. It premiered in February 2010 at Playwrights Horizons in New York. The play received its UK premiere at the Royal Court Theatre in London in a production directed by Dominic Cooke. The play received its Chicago premiere at Steppenwolf Theatre Company in a production directed by Steppenwolf ensemble member Amy Morton. As described by The Washington Post, the play "applies a modern twist to the issues of race and housing and aspirations for a better life." Clybourne Park was awarded the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 2012 Tony Award for Best Play.
National Congress of Belgium
The National Congress (French: Congrès national, Dutch: Nationaal Congres) was a temporary legislative assembly in Belgium, convened in 1830 in the aftermath of the Belgian Revolution. Its purpose was to devise a national constitution for the new state, whose independence had been proclaimed on 4 October 1830 by the self-declared Provisional Government.

Provisional Government of Belgium
The Provisional Government (Dutch: Voorlopig Bewind; French: Gouvernement provisoire) was the first iteration of the Belgian state, formed in the midst of the Belgian Revolution. After Dutch forces were expelled from Brussels on 27 September 1830, the recently created Revolutionary Committee transformed into the Provisional Government. The independence of Belgium as a state was officially declared on 4 October.

On 7 February 1831, the Constitution of Belgium was proclaimed and Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier was declared regent. With Belgium now under a constitutional monarchy, the Provisional Government was dissolved.
A.J. Wentworth, B.A.
A.J. Wentworth, B.A. is a British sitcom that aired on ITV in 1982. Set in the 1940s, the programme was shown posthumously following the death of its lead actor Arthur Lowe, who died on 15 April 1982. Based on the writings of H. F. Ellis, A.J. Wentworth, B.A. was written by Basil Boothroyd. It was made for the ITV network by Thames Television.

H. F. Ellis
Humphry Francis Ellis (17 July 1907 – 8 December 2000)  was an English comic writer. He created A. J. Wentworth, the ineffectual schoolmaster whose fictional diaries were first published in the magazine Punch.
Humongous Entertainment
Humongous, Inc. (formerly Humongous Entertainment, Inc.) was an American video game developer based in Bothell, Washington. Founded in 1992, the company developed multiple edutainment franchises, most prominently Putt-Putt, Freddi Fish, Pajama Sam, Spy Fox, and Backyard Sports, which, combined, sold over 15 million copies and earned more than 400 awards of excellence.

Humongous Entertainment was acquired by GT Interactive (later renamed Infogrames, Inc., then Atari, Inc.) in July 1996. By October 2000, sales of Humongous games had surpassed 16 million copies. GT, which had by that point became Atari, Inc. sold the Humongous business to its parent company, Infogrames (later renamed Atari SA), in August 2005 and reduced the company solely as a management firm for their assets until its bankruptcy in 2013, in which the assets were sold to Tommo, who re-released some of its games on digital distribution channels using the Humongous Entertainment brand name.

Tommo
Tommo Inc. is an American video game publisher based in City of Industry, California. Founded in 1990, Tommo started out as a small independent distributor of imported video games. Since 2006, Tommo also operates a publishing subsidiary, UFO Interactive Games, which is best known for publishing original games, such as several titles in the Raiden series.
Castle of Sant'Aniceto
The Castle of Sant'Aniceto (also San Niceto) is a Byzantine castle built in the early 11th century on a hill in Motta San Giovanni, now in the province of Reggio Calabria, southern Italy.

It is one of the few examples of High Middle Ages architecture in Calabria, as well as one of the few well-preserved Byzantine fortifications in the world. The name derives from that of Saint Nikitas, a Byzantine admiral who lived in the 7th-8th centuries.

Motta San Giovanni
Motta San Giovanni is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 130 km (81 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 13 km (8.1 mi) southeast of Reggio Calabria. In antiquity it had the Greek toponym Leucopetra (i.e. "white stone").

Motta San Giovanni borders the municipalities of Montebello Ionico and Reggio Calabria.

The most interesting feature of the comune is the Castle of Sant'Aniceto, a notable example of Byzantine-Norman architecture. The Capo dell'Armi Lighthouse is also located in the comune along the clifftops.
Black Heat (film)
Black Heat is a 1976 blaxploitation action film directed and produced by Al Adamson. The film stars Timothy Brown, Russ Tamblyn and Geoffrey Land. The film was renamed to Girl's Hotel for play at drive in theaters, then later changed to Murder Gang.

The plot is about a Las Vegas detective named "Kicks" Carter (Brown) who attempts to foil arms dealers selling weapons to Central America. At the same time, he seeks to save some women who are forced to work as prostitutes to pay off gambling debts.

Timothy Brown (actor)
Thomas Allen Brown (May 24, 1937 – April 4, 2020), known also as Timothy Brown, Tim Brown, and most recognized as Timmy Brown, was an American actor, singer, and professional football player. He played in the National Football League (NFL) as a running back and return specialist.
Shemavon of Agulis
Shemavon (Simon) of Agulis or Shemavon Aguletsi was an Iranian official of Armenian origin, who served during the reign of King (Shah) Suleiman I (r. 1666-1694).

He functioned as mint master (zarrab-bashi) of the important Erivan mint (the provincial capital of the Erivan Province) under four successive governors; Mohammadqoli Khan, Najafqoli Khan Cherkes, Abbasqoli Khan Qajar, and Safi Khan Lezgi. In 1670, he was appointed mint master of the Safavid capital of Isfahan by Shah Suleiman I.

Shemavon was the brother of Zakaria of Agulis (i.e. Zakaria Aguletsi), a merchant of the Safavid era who is mostly remembered for his journal, an important primary source on the history of the Safavid period. Unlike Zakaria, who stayed Christian, Shemavon was a convert to Islam.

Zakaria Aguletsi
Zakaria Aguletsi (1630 – 1691) or  Zakaria of Agulis was an Armenian merchant born in Agulis located in present day Nakhchivan who gained recognition for his extensive writings about his travels to different countries. He meticulously documented the cultural, social, and economic aspects of the places he visited, and his journals remain a valuable resource for scholars and historians.