hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skrapar
Skrapar (Albanian definite form: Skrapari) is a municipality in Berat County, southern Albania. It was created in 2015 by the merger of the former municipalities Bogovë, Çepan, Çorovodë, Gjerbës, Leshnjë, Potom, Qendër Skrapar, Vendreshë and Zhepë. The seat of the municipality is the town Çorovodë. The total population is 12,403 (2011 census), in a total area of 832.04 km2. It covers part of the area of the former Skrapar District, without the town Poliçan.

It is also roughly contiguous with the Albanian "ethnographic region" of Skrapar which is known for its folklore, its raki production, its high rate of those belonging to the Bektashi order and its scenic mountains.

Çepan
Çepan (Albanian pronunciation: [ʈ͡ʃɛpan]) is a village and a former municipality in Berat County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Skrapar. The population at the 2011 census was 740.
Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani GCB GCMG (Arabic: خليفة بن حمد آل ثاني; 17 September 1932 – 23 October 2016) was the Emir of Qatar from 22 February 1972 until he was deposed by his son Hamad bin Khalifa in a coup on 27 June 1995.

He died during the reign of his grandson, the current emir, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani.

Emir of Qatar
The Emir of the State of Qatar (Arabic: أمير دولة قطر) is the monarch and head of state of Qatar. The emir is also the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and guarantor of the constitution. The emir holds the most powerful position in the country, controlling all branches of state power, and has a prominent role in foreign relations.

The emirs are members of the House of Thani (Al Thani), whose origins are in the Banu Tamim, one of the largest tribes in the Arabian Peninsula. The current ruler is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who succeeded on 25 June 2013.
Old Tai Po Police Station
The Old Tai Po Police Station is a former Hong Kong police station at the top of Tai Po Wan Tau Tong Hill. It is located at No. 11 Wan Tau Kok Lane, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, near the Old District Office North.

Flagstaff Hill, Tai Po
Flagstaff Hill is a hill in Tai Po, Hong Kong. It was the site of the British flag raising ceremony which marked the official British takeover of the New Territories. on 16 April 1899, after the British leased the New Territories in 1898. The Old Tai Po Police Station was built in 1899 at the site, It was the first police station and police headquarters in the New Territories. It operated as a police station until the new district police station of Tai Po started its service in 1987.
Itasy Region
Itasy is a region in central Madagascar. It borders Analamanga region in northeast, 
Vakinankaratra in south and Bongolava in northwest. The capital of the region is Miarinarivo, and the population was 897,962 in 2018. It is the smallest of all the 22 regions in area with 6,993 km2 (2,700 sq mi), and is the most densely populated region after Analamanga.

Vakinankaratra
Vakinankaratra is a region in central Madagascar. The capital of the region is Antsirabe. It's one of the four regions of the Antananarivo Province. Vakinankaratra covers an area of 16,599 kilometres (10,314 miles), and had a population of 2,074,358 in 2018.
Norwegian County Road 889
County Road 889 (Norwegian: Fylkesvei 889) is 85.3 kilometers (53.0 mi) long and runs between the villages of Smørfjord and Havøysund in Finnmark, Norway. The road runs through Porsanger Municipality, Hammerfest Municipality and Måsøy Municipality, and passes the small villages of Kokelv, Selkop, Lillefjord, Latter, Slåtten, Snefjord, Krokelv and Bakfjord. At Smørfjord, the road branches from E69. It crosses to Havøysund across the Havøysund Bridge. The section from Kokelv to Havøysund is designated one of eighteen National Tourist Routes in Norway.

Havøysund and the Havøysund Bridge

A section of the road in Måsøy Municipality

Slåtten
Slåtten (Norwegian) or Muotki (Northern Sami) is a village in Måsøy Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Revsbotn fjord, along Norwegian County Road 889. It is located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the village of Kokelv and about 39 kilometres (24 mi) south of Havøysund. Slotten Church is located in this very small village (the church uses the spelling Slotten, which the village's official spelling is Slåtten).
École normale supérieure de jeunes filles
The École normale supérieure de jeunes filles (also, École normale supérieure de Sèvres) was a French institute of higher education, in Sèvres, now a commune in the suburbs of Paris. The school educated girls only, especially as teachers for the secondary education system. It was founded on 29 July 1881 on the initiative of Camille Sée, following the Sée-inspired act of the legislature which established lycées for girls. In 1985, it merged with the École normale supérieure of the rue d'Ulm.

Julie Favre
Julie Velten Favre (November 15, 1833 – c. 1896), sometimes called Madame Jules Favre, was a French philosopher and educator. She is known for her work educating young women and for advancing a moral philosophy that advocated living a virtuous life, rather than one based on rules and punishment.
Pocono Township, Pennsylvania
Pocono Township is a township in Monroe County, Pennsylvania. The township's government is located in the village of Tannersville, Pennsylvania, near the site of Camelback Mountain Resort, which is located in the Pocono Mountains and the adjacent Jackson Township. The top of the ski area is within Big Pocono State Park, which is maintained by resort staff. The population was 10,868 at the 2020 census.

Big Pocono State Park
Big Pocono State Park is a 1,305.6-acre (528.4 ha) Pennsylvania state park in Jackson and Pocono townships in Monroe County, Pennsylvania in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The park is located on Camelback Mountain and is maintained jointly by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and Camelback Ski Corporation.

From the summit of the mountain, one has a view of vast portions of eastern Pennsylvania as well as parts of New Jersey and New York. A paved drive, 1.4 miles (2.3 km) in length, around the summit provides visitors with a view in all directions. Visitors can see the Delaware Water Gap from this location.

The park, except for Camelback Mountain Resort, closes for the winter seven days following the end of deer season in December and reopens as conditions permit in the spring.
Aesthete (chiton)
Aesthetes are organs in chitons, derived from the mantle of the organism.  They are generally believed to be tiny 'eyes', too small to be seen unaided, embedded in the organism's shell, acting in unison to function as a large, dispersed, compound eye. However, in 2013 studies suggested that aesthetes may serve the function of releasing material to repair the periostracum, a proteinaceous material covering the shell and protecting it from abrasion.  This turned out to be false, as it was conclusively demonstrated in November 2015, that aesthetes are image forming eyes. This layer is constantly worn away by waves and debris as a function of their rugged habitat, and must be continuously replaced to protect the shell. Some chitons also have larger lens-bearing eyes.

Chiton
Chitons (/ˈkaɪtənz, -tɒnz/) are marine molluscs of varying size in the class Polyplacophora (/ˌpɒlipləˈkɒfərə/ POL-ee-plə-KOF-ər-ə), formerly known as Amphineura. About 940 extant and 430 fossil species are recognized.

They are also sometimes known as sea cradles, coat-of-mail shells, or suck-rocks, or more formally as loricates, polyplacophorans, and occasionally as polyplacophores.

Chitons have a shell composed of eight separate shell plates or valves. These plates overlap slightly at the front and back edges, and yet articulate well with one another. Because of this, the shell provides protection at the same time as permitting the chiton to flex upward when needed for locomotion over uneven surfaces, and even allows the animal to curl up into a ball when dislodged from rocks. The shell plates are encircled by a skirt known as a girdle.
Natalia Androsova
Princess Natalia Alexandrovna Romanovskaya-Iskander (Russian: княгиня Наталья Александровна Романовская-Искандер, romanized: knyaginya, Natalya Aleksandrovna Romanovskaya-Iskander; 2 February [O.S. 20 January] 1917 – 25 July 1999), or simply Princess Iskander, was the last of two members of the male line of the House of Romanov to remain alive in the Soviet Union following the Revolution and its aftermath. The princess was a professional vertical motorcyclist and secret agent of the Lubyanka.

Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia
Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia (14 February 1850 – 26 January 1918) was the first-born son of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich and Grand Duchess Alexandra Iosifovna of Russia and a grandson of Nicholas I of Russia.
ZFS
ZFS (previously Zettabyte File System) is a file system with volume management capabilities. It began as part of the Sun Microsystems Solaris operating system in 2001. Large parts of Solaris, including ZFS,  were published under an open source license as OpenSolaris for around 5 years from 2005 before being placed under a closed source license when Oracle Corporation acquired Sun in 2009–2010. During 2005 to 2010, the open source version of ZFS was ported to Linux, Mac OS X (continued as MacZFS) and FreeBSD. In 2010, the illumos project forked a then-recent version of OpenSolaris, including ZFS, to continue its development as an open source project. In 2013, OpenZFS was founded to coordinate the development of open source ZFS. OpenZFS maintains and manages the core ZFS code, while organizations using ZFS maintain the specific code and validation processes required for ZFS to integrate within their systems. OpenZFS is widely used in Unix-like systems.

Copy-on-write
Copy-on-write (COW), also called implicit sharing or shadowing, is a resource-management technique used in programming to manage shared data efficiently. Instead of copying data right away when multiple programs use it, the same data is shared between programs until one tries to modify it. If no changes are made, no private copy is created, saving resources. A copy is only made when needed, ensuring each program has its own version when modifications occur. This technique is commonly applied to memory, files, and data structures.
Ekphonetic notation
Ekphonetic notation consists of symbols added to certain sacred texts, especially lectionary readings of Biblical texts, as a mnemonic device to assist in their cantillation.  Ekphonetic notation can take a number of forms, and has been used in several Jewish and Christian plainchant traditions, but is most commonly associated with Byzantine chant.

Joseph Huzaya introduced ekphonetic notation into Syriac in the early 6th century.

Ekphonetic notation ceased to be used about the fourteenth century. In many cases, the original meaning of ekphonetic neumes is obscure, and must be reconstructed by comparison with later notation.

Neume
A neume (/njuːm/; sometimes spelled neum) is the basic element of Western and some Eastern systems of musical notation prior to the invention of five-line staff notation.

The earliest neumes were inflective marks that indicated the general shape but not necessarily the exact notes or rhythms to be sung. Later developments included the use of heightened neumes that showed the relative pitches between neumes, and the creation of a four-line musical staff that identified particular pitches. Neumes do not generally indicate rhythm, but additional symbols were sometimes juxtaposed with neumes to indicate changes in articulation, duration, or tempo. Neumatic notation was later used in medieval music to indicate certain patterns of rhythm called rhythmic modes, and eventually evolved into modern musical notation. Neumatic notation remains standard in modern editions of plainchant.
Lee Bontecou
Lee Bontecou (January 15, 1931 – November 8, 2022) was an American sculptor and printmaker and a pioneer figure in the New York art world. She kept her work consistently in a recognizable style, and received broad recognition in the 1960s. Bontecou made abstract sculptures in the 1960s and 1970s and created vacuum-formed plastic fish, plants, and flower forms in the 1970s. Rich, organic shapes and powerful energy appear in her drawings, prints, and sculptures. Her work has been shown and collected in many major museums in the United States and in Europe.

Kunstmuseum Den Haag
The Kunstmuseum Den Haag is an art museum in The Hague in the Netherlands, founded in 1866 as the Museum voor Moderne Kunst. Later, until 1998, it was known as Haags Gemeentemuseum, and until the end of September 2019 as Gemeentemuseum Den Haag. It has a collection of around 165,000 works, over many different forms of art. In particular, the Kunstmuseum is renowned for its large Mondrian collection, the largest in the world. Mondrian's last work, Victory Boogie-Woogie, is on display at the museum.

The current museum building was constructed between 1931 and 1935, designed by the Dutch architect H.P. Berlage.

The KM21 (museum for contemporary art) and Fotomuseum Den Haag (The Hague museum for photography) are part of the Kunstmuseum, though not housed in the same building and with a separate entrance fee.

The new director Margriet Schavemaker started on 1 June 2024. She replaces Benno Tempel, who left as of 1 November 2023.
States and union territories of India
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, for a total of 36 subnational entities. The states and union territories in turn are each subdivided into a total of around 800 districts, which contain further administrative subdivisions.

Under the Indian Constitution and laws, the states of India are self-governing administrative divisions, each having a state government. The legal power to manage affairs in each state is shared or divided between the particular state government on one hand and the national union government on the other. The union territories are directly governed by the union government; no state level government (and thus no division of power) exists in these jurisdictions.

Bombay State
Bombay State was a large Indian state created in 1950 from the erstwhile Bombay Province, with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years. Bombay Province (in British India roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding Marathwada and Vidarbha) was merged with the princely states of Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and the Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).

On 1 November 1956, Bombay State was reorganised under the States Reorganisation Act on linguistic lines, absorbing various territories including the Saurashtra and Kutch States, which ceased to exist. On 1 May 1960, Bombay State was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat, with the Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra, with Marathi speaking population.
Atsede Bayisa
Atsede Bayisa Tesema, also known as Atsede Bayisa (born 16 April 1987), is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specialises in road running events. She has won the Chicago Marathon, Boston Marathon and Paris Marathon twice. She has also won at the Xiamen International Marathon and the Istanbul Marathon.

She represented Ethiopia at the 2007 IAAF World Road Running Championships (taking the team silver) and at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in the marathon race. She was the half marathon silver medallist at the 2007 All-Africa Games.

2012 Chicago Marathon
The 2012 Chicago Marathon was the 35th edition of the annual marathon race in Chicago, Illinois and was held on Sunday, October 7. An IAAF Gold Label Road Race, it was the fourth and final World Marathon Majors event to be held that year. Tsegaye Kebede won the men's race in a course record of 2:04:38 hours and Atsede Baysa was the women's winner in a personal best of 2:22:03. A total of 37455 runners finished the race (20688 men, 16767 women).
Electoral district of Wellington (County)
Wellington (County) was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1856 and named after Wellington County and including Wellington. There was also a separate Wellington and Bligh, covering part of Wellington County. In 1859, it was largely replaced by Wellington.

Electoral district of Wellington (New South Wales)
Wellington was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1859 and named after and including Wellington. It replaced part of Wellington (County). It was abolished in 1904 due to the re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90. The district was largely replaced by an expanded The Macquarie, while parts also went to Liverpool Plains and Mudgee.
Passiflora antioquiensis
Passiflora antioquiensis, the red banana passionfruit, is a species of flowering plant in the family Passifloraceae. It is native to Colombia and is named for the Antioquia Department in Colombia where the type specimen was collected. It was originally described by Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten in 1859. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. With Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima it was hybridised in the Veitch Nurseries in Exeter, England in the 1870s to yield Passiflora × exoniensis, which has also gained the Award of Garden Merit.

Passiflora × exoniensis
Passiflora × exoniensis, the Exeter passion flower, is a hybrid of garden origin between two species of flowering plants, Passiflora antioquiensis × Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima in the family Passifloraceae. It was hybridised in the Veitch Nurseries in Exeter, Devon, England, in the 1870s. The name Passiflora × exoniensis has yet to be resolved as a correct scientific name; nevertheless it is widely found in the horticultural literature.

It is a robust evergreen climber growing to at least 6 m (20 ft) with three-lobed leaves and pendent deep pink tubular flowers followed by egg-shaped yellow fruits. It is hardy down to about −1 °C (30 °F) so may be grown outdoors with shelter in mild temperate areas; alternatively under glass, for instance in an unheated greenhouse.

Passiflora × exoniensis has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
2,6-Diformylpyridine
2,6-Diformylpyridine is an organic compound with the formula C5H3N(CHO)2, and typically appears as a solid powder at room temperature.  The molecule features formyl groups adjacent to the nitrogen of pyridine.  The compound is prepared by oxidation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine.

It condenses with amines to give diiminopyridine ligands, as was demonstrated in Fraser Stoddart's synthesis of molecular Borromean rings. It also finds use in the preparation of metal-coordinated polymer materials.

Diiminopyridine
Diiminopyridines (DIP, also known a pyridine diimines, PDIs) are a class of diimine ligands.  They featuring a pyridine nucleus with imine sidearms appended to the 2,6–positions.  The three nitrogen centres bind metals in a tridentate fashion, forming pincer complexes. Diiminopyridines are notable as non-innocent ligand that can assume more than one oxidation state. Complexes of DIPs participate in a range of chemical reactions, including ethylene polymerization, hydrosilylation, and hydrogenation.
Krisztina Barta
Krisztina Barta (born 9 May 1991 in Budapest) is a Hungarian former competitive ice dancer. With Ádám Tóth, she is the 2008 Hungarian national champion and competed in the final segment at three ISU Championships – the 2006 World Junior Championships in Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2007 World Junior Championships in Oberstdorf, Germany; and 2008 European Championships in Zagreb, Croatia. They also competed in the original dance at the 2008 World Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Ádám Tóth
Ádám Tóth (born 7 July 1985 in Budapest) is a Hungarian former competitive ice dancer. With Krisztina Barta, he is the 2008 Hungarian national champion and competed in the final segment at three ISU Championships – the 2006 World Junior Championships in Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2007 World Junior Championships in Oberstdorf, Germany; and 2008 European Championships in Zagreb, Croatia. They also competed in the original dance at the 2008 World Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Piuro
Piuro (Piür in the local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) north of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,938 and an area of 85.4 square kilometres (33.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Piuro contains the frazione (subdivision) Savogno.

Piuro borders the following municipalities: Avers (Switzerland), Campodolcino, Chiavenna, Ferrera (Switzerland), Madesimo, Novate Mezzola, Prata Camportaccio, San Giacomo Filippo, Soglio (Switzerland), Villa di Chiavenna.

On 4 September 1618, Piuro (then belonging to the Three Leagues) was the site of one of the worst landslides in recorded history. The event, described as an avalanche (somewhat inaccurately as it was more probably a mudslide), completely wiped out Piuro and killed between 1,000 and 2,500 people.

San Giacomo Filippo
San Giacomo Filippo (Alpine Lombard: San Giacum) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) north of Milan and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 453 and an area of 62.1 square kilometres (24.0 sq mi).

The municipality of San Giacomo Filippo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) San Bernardo ai Monti, Olmo, Sommarovina, Sant'Antonio di Albareda, Dalò, Uggia, Gallivaggio, Lirone, Cimaganda, Vho.

San Giacomo Filippo borders the following municipalities: Campodolcino, Chiavenna, Menarola, Mese, Mesocco (Switzerland), Piuro, Soazza (Switzerland).
Ilkka Herlin
Ilkka Heikki Herlin (born 25 January 1959) is a Finnish billionaire, the chairman and one of the owners of Cargotec, and one of the owners of the elevator and escalator maker Kone.

His father Pekka Herlin died in 2003, and it was discovered that he had rewritten his will in 1999, leaving most of the elevator and escalator maker Kone to Ilkka's brother Antti Herlin. Ilkka and his siblings Ilona and Niklas were unhappy about not being informed, and the dispute finally ended in 2005. The Kone company was split, with Antti receiving a majority stake in its core elevator business. Ilkka and his siblings received a majority of Cargotec and a minority stake in the new Kone company. All four siblings became billionaires.

Herlin is married, with four children, and lives in Helsinki, Finland.

Pekka Herlin
Pekka Aksel Herlin (15 July 1932 – 4 April 2003) was a Finnish businessman, the president of the elevator and escalator maker Kone from 1964.

In 1954, Pekka Herlin joined Kone, and succeeded his father as president in 1964, and started planning a new elevator factory in Hyvinkää to replace the "cramped and inefficient" Helsinki plant.

When he died in 2003, and it was discovered that he had rewritten his will in 1999, leaving most of the elevator and escalator maker Kone to his son Antti Herlin. Ilkka Herlin and his siblings Ilona and Niklas were unhappy about not being informed, and the dispute finally ended in 2005. The Kone company was split, with Antti receiving a majority stake in its core elevator business. Ilkka and his siblings received a majority of Cargotec and a minority stake in the new Kone company. All four siblings became billionaires.