hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Balleny Islands
The Balleny Islands (66°55′S 163°45′E﻿ / ﻿66.917°S 163.750°E﻿ / -66.917; 163.750) are a series of uninhabited islands in the Southern Ocean extending from 66°15' to 67°35'S and 162°30' to 165°00'E. The group extends for about 160 km (99 mi) in a northwest–southeast direction. The islands are heavily glaciated and of volcanic origin. Glaciers project from their slopes into the sea. The islands were formed by the so-called Balleny hotspot.

The group includes three main islands: Young, Buckle and Sturge, which lie in a line from northwest to southeast, and several smaller islets and rocks:

northeast of Young Island: Seal Rocks, Pillar

southeast of Young Island: Row Island, Borradaile Island (with Swan Base shelter hut)

south of Buckle Island: Scott Cone, Chinstrap Islet, Sabrina Islet (with Sabrina Refuge shelter hut), and the Monolith

The islands are claimed by New Zealand as part of the Ross Dependency (see Territorial claims in Antarctica).

Borradaile Island
Borradaile Island (66°35′S 162°45′E﻿ / ﻿66.583°S 162.750°E﻿ / -66.583; 162.750) is one of the Balleny Islands. It was the site of the first landing south of the Antarctic Circle, and features the "remarkable pinnacle" called Beale Pinnacle, near Cape Beale on its south-eastern coast, and Cape Scoresby on its north-western coast.
One Precious Year
One Precious Year is a 1933 British drama film directed by Henry Edwards and starring Anne Grey, Basil Rathbone and Owen Nares. It was made at British and Dominion Elstree Studios by the British producer Herbert Wilcox for release by the British subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. The film's sets were designed by the art director C. Wilfred Arnold.

Anne Grey
Anne Grey (born Aileen Stephen Ewing; 6 March 1907 – 3 April 1987) was an English actress, who appeared in 44 films between 1928 and 1939, including some Hollywood films during the late 1930s. She was educated at Lausanne and King's College London.

She had originally intended a literary career, and to become a journalist but went on stage instead. Her first film experience in 1925 was in a crowd scene in The Constant Nymph but she got second lead in her next picture just two months later. In 1934 she went to Hollywood.
1897 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1897, Democratic nominee Carter Harrison IV was elected, 
winning a majority of the vote and defeating independent Republican John Maynard Harlan (an alderman), Republican nominee Nathaniel C. Sears, independent Democrat Washington Hesing (the former Chicago postmaster), as well as several minor candidates. Harrison carried a 26.7 point lead over second-place finisher Harlan, a margin greater than Harlan's vote share itself.

Incumbent Republican mayor George Bell Swift declined to seek reelection.

Harrison won the Democratic Party's nomination by acclamation at its city nominating convention, being unopposed after opponents for the nomination withdrew their candidacies, including Superior Court of Cook County Judge John Barton Payne and President of the Chicago Board of Education A. S. Trude. Sears secured the Republican Party nomination as a compromise candidate.

The election was held on April 6.

John Maynard Harlan
John Maynard Harlan (1864–1934) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a member of the Chicago City Council. Harlan, multiple times, ran for the mayoralty of Chicago.

He was the son of U.S. Supreme Court Justice John Marshall Harlan, and the father of Justice John Marshall Harlan II.
Jackson State University
Jackson State University (Jackson State or JSU) is a public historically black research university in Jackson, Mississippi. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Jackson State University's athletic teams, the Tigers, participate in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). Jackson State is also the home of the Sonic Boom of the South, a marching band founded in the 1940s. Their accompanying danceline, the Prancing J-Settes, are known for their unique style of dance, known as "J-Setting".

Jackson State killings
32°17′51″N 90°12′27″W﻿ / ﻿32.29750°N 90.20750°W﻿ / 32.29750; -90.20750

The Jackson State killings occurred on May 15, 1970, at Jackson State College (now Jackson State University) in Jackson, Mississippi.  On May 14, 1970, city and state police confronted a group of students outside a campus dormitory.  Shortly after midnight, the police opened fire, killing two students and injuring twelve. The event happened 11 days after the Kent State shootings, in which National Guardsmen killed four students at Kent State University in Ohio during a protest against the Vietnam War. The Kent State event had first captured national attention.
Frederic Edwin Church
Frederic Edwin Church (May 4, 1826 – April 7, 1900) was an American landscape painter born in Hartford, Connecticut. He was a central figure in the Hudson River School of American landscape painters, best known for painting large landscapes, often depicting mountains, waterfalls, and sunsets. Church's paintings put an emphasis on realistic detail, dramatic light, and panoramic views. He debuted some of his major works in single-painting exhibitions to a paying and often enthralled audience in New York City. In his prime, he was one of the most famous painters in the United States.

Thomas Cole
Thomas Cole (February 1, 1801 – February 11, 1848) was an Anglo-American artist who founded the Hudson River School art movement. He painted romantic landscapes and history paintings. Influenced by European painters, but with a strong American sensibility, he was prolific throughout his career and worked primarily with oil on canvas. His paintings are typically allegoric and often depict small figures or structures set against moody and evocative natural landscapes. They are usually escapist, framing the New World as a natural eden contrasting with the smog-filled cityscapes of Industrial Revolution-era Britain, in which he grew up. His works, often seen as conservative, criticize the contemporary trends of industrialism, urbanism, and westward expansion.
Naseeruddin Shah
Naseeruddin Shah (born 20 July 1950) is an Indian actor who works primarily in Hindi films. He was notable in Indian parallel cinema and has starred in various international productions. He has won numerous awards in his career, including three National Film Awards, three Filmfare Awards and the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri and the Padma Bhushan awards for his contributions to Indian cinema.

In 1982, he married his second wife, actress Ratna Pathak, daughter of actress Dina Pathak, with whom he has two sons. His sister-in-law is actress Supriya Pathak, who is married to actor Pankaj Kapur.

Parallel cinema
Parallel cinema, or New Indian Cinema, is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema.

Inspired by Italian Neorealism, Parallel Cinema began just before the French New Wave and Japanese New Wave, and was a precursor to the Indian New Wave of the 1960s. The movement was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced internationally acclaimed filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan Sinha and others. It later gained prominence in other film industries of India.

It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, symbolic elements with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times, and the general rejection of inserted song-and-dance routines that are typical of mainstream Indian films.
Monica Nielsen (politician)
Monica Nielsen (born 20 July 1974) is a Norwegian politician and deputy member of the Storting. A member of the Labour Party, she has represented Finnmark since October 2025.

Nielsen was born on 20 July 1974. She grew up in Alta and studied economics and administration at Finnmark University College.

Nielsen was mayor of Alta from 2015 to 2025. She was the Labour Party's third placed candidate in Finnmark at the 2025 parliamentary election but the party won only two seats in the constituency. She became the party's first deputy representative (Vararepresentant) in the constituency. She entered the Storting on 1 October 2025 as a permanent substitute for Minister of Fisheries and Ocean Policy Marianne Sivertsen Næss.

Marianne Sivertsen Næss
Marianne Sivertsen Næss (born 28 March 1974) is a Norwegian school principal and politician for the Labour Party. She is currently minister of fisheries and ocean policy since 2024 and a member of parliament for Finnmark since 2021. She previously served as mayor of Hammerfest Municipality between 2019 and 2021, and deputy mayor between 2011 and 2019.
Lokomotief Rijswijk
Lokomotief Rijswijk, better known as simply Lokomotief, is a Dutch amateur basketball club based in Rijswijk. Established on 1 April 1971, both the first men's and women's teams currently play in the Promotiedivisie, the second-tier league in Dutch basketball. The club has won one major trophy in its history, when it won the NBB Cup in the 1986–87 season. Between 2018 and 2023, Lokomotief won four consecutive Promotiedivisie titles, becoming the first club to do so. The team has since then played well in the NBB Cup competition, even eliminating first level club Den Helder Suns in the 2020–21 season.

Promotiedivisie
The Promotiedivisie (English: Promotion Division) is the second tier of basketball in the Netherlands and is the highest amateur competition in the country. At the end of a Promotiedivisie-season, a Final Four is played to decide the new champion.

The champion technically earns the right to promote to the Dutch Basketball League, although it only happens in exceptional cases, because a club has to turn professional to play in the league. The bottom team relegates to the Eerste divisie, the national third division.

In 2012, Apollo Amsterdam became the first Promotiedivise champion to promote to the next season of the Dutch Basketball League. Lokomotief is the most successful team with three won titles.

Ahead of the 2023–24 season, the Promotiedivisie was expanded to 24 teams with two groups of twelve (Group A and Group B).
Lorne Michaels
Lorne Michaels (born Lorne David Lipowitz; November 17, 1944) is a Canadian and American television and film producer, comedian, screenwriter and director. He created and produced Saturday Night Live (1975–1980, since 1985) and produced the Late Night series (since 1993), The Kids in the Hall (from 1989 to 1995), and The Tonight Show (since 2014).

He has received 24 Primetime Emmy Awards from 112 nominations, holding the record as the most nominated individual in the award show's history.

Late Night (franchise)
Late Night is an American late-night talk and variety show airing on NBC since 1982. Late Night has had four hosts: David Letterman (1982–1993), Conan O'Brien (1993–2009), Jimmy Fallon (2009–2014), and Seth Meyers (2014–present). Each iteration of the show was built around its host, and maintained distinct identities aside from the title, time slot, and network. The longest-serving host to date was O'Brien, who hosted Late Night with Conan O'Brien for almost 16 years, from September 1993 to February 2009.
The War Within (film)
The War Within is a 2005 American political drama film directed by Joseph Castelo, who wrote the screenplay with Ayad Akhtar and Tom Glynn. The film stars Akhtar as Hassan, a Pakistani engineering student who is apprehended by Western intelligence services for suspected terrorist activities. It also stars Nandana Sen, Firdous Bamji, Sarita Choudhury, and Charles Daniel Sandoval.

The War Within had its world premiere at the 30th Toronto International Film Festival on September 13, 2005 and a limited theatrical release on September 30, 2005. The film was nominated for two Satellite Awards and two Independent Spirit Awards.

Nandana Sen
Nandana Dev Sen is an Indian-born American actress, screenwriter, children's author, and child-rights activist. Her first film role in Bollywood was Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Black (2005), starring Amitabh Bachchan and Rani Mukherjee, in which she played the role of Rani's 17-year-old younger sister.

After teaming up on a succession of projects with Indian directors including Ram Gopal Varma and Ketan Mehta, Sen signed for one of the principal roles in the jarring, terrorist-themed American drama The War Within (2005), which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival and, in the process, began to cultivate a reputation for being drawn to offbeat, challenging and demanding roles, often with a social or political theme.
Tehshik Yoon
Tehshik Peter Yoon (born 20 June 1975) is a Canadian-born chemist who studies new reaction methods for organic synthesis with the use of catalysis. Yoon currently is a professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the chemistry department. For his contributions to science, he has received numerous awards including the Beckman Young Investigator Award and National Science Foundation CAREER Award.

Beckman Young Investigators Award
The Beckman Young Investigators Award was established by Mabel and Arnold Beckman in 1991,: 357  and is now administered by the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. The Beckman Young Investigator (BYI) Program is intended to provide research support to promising young faculty members in the early stages of their academic careers. Awardees receive grants of roughly $600,000 over four years, "contingent on demonstrated progress after the second year". The intent is to foster "innovative departures" and the invention of methods, instruments and materials that will open up new avenues of research in the chemical and life sciences.

It has been awarded to the following scientists:
Anzio
Anzio (/ˈænzioʊ/, also US: /ˈɑːntsioʊ/; Italian: [ˈantsjo]) is a resort town and comune in the Lazio region of Italy, about 51 kilometres (32 mi) south of Rome.

Well known for its seaside resorts, it is a fishing port and a departure point for ferries and hydroplanes to the Pontine Islands of Ponza, Palmarola, and Ventotene. The town bears great historical significance as the site of Operation Shingle, a crucial landing by the Allies during the Italian Campaign of World War II.

Nettuno
Nettuno is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy, 60 kilometres (37 miles) south of Rome. A resort city and agricultural center on the Tyrrhenian Sea, it has a population of approximately 50,000.
The Way of All Flesh (1927 film)
The Way of All Flesh is a 1927 American silent drama film directed by Victor Fleming, written by Lajos Bíró, Jules Furthman, and Julian Johnson from a story by Perley Poore Sheehan. Star Emil Jannings won the first Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role at the 1929 ceremony for his performances in this film and The Last Command,  the only year that multiple roles were considered.

It is now considered a lost film with only two fragments of the film having been found.

Emil Jannings
Emil Jannings (born Theodor Friedrich Emil Janenz; 23 July 1884 – 2 January 1950) was a Swiss-born German actor who was popular in Hollywood films in the 1920s. He was the first recipient of the Academy Award for Best Actor for starring in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Jannings remains the only German ever to win in that category.

He is best known for his films with F. W. Murnau and Josef von Sternberg, including 1930's The Blue Angel (Der blaue Engel), with Marlene Dietrich. The Blue Angel was meant as a vehicle for Jannings to secure a place for himself in the new medium of sound film, but he was ultimately overshadowed by Dietrich. Jannings went on to leading roles in State Films (Staatsauftragsfilme) in Nazi Germany.
Trandafiru
Trandafiru is a Romanian fairy tale collected by Arthur Carl Victor Schott and Albert Schott in the mid-19th century and sourced from Banat. It is related to the international cycle of the Animal as Bridegroom or The Search for the Lost Husband, albeit with a gourd instead of a snake as the form of the enchanted husband: a human maiden marries an animal that is a prince in disguise, breaks a taboo and loses him, and she has to seek him out.

The story shares motifs with other tales of the region, like Serbian Again, The Snake Bridegroom, and Hungarian The Serpent Prince: the heroine must search for her husband under a curse not to bear their child until he touches her again. Other Romanian tales of the same classification are The Enchanted Pig, wherein the animal husband is a pig, and Enchanted Balaur, wherein the animal husband is a snake.

Enchanted Balaur
Enchanted Balaur (Romanian: Balaurul fermecat) is a Romanian fairy tale collected by author T. Popovic and published in 1908. It is related to the international cycle of the Animal as Bridegroom or The Search for the Lost Husband: a human maiden marries an animal that is a prince in disguise, breaks a taboo and loses him, and she has to seek him out.

The story shares motifs with other tales of the region, like Serbian Again, The Snake Bridegroom, and Hungarian The Serpent Prince: the heroine must search for her husband under a curse not to bear their child until he touches her again. Other Romanian tales of the same classification are The Enchanted Pig, wherein the enchanted husband is a pig, and Trandafiru, wherein the enchanted husband is a pumpkin.
History of economic thought
The history of economic thought is the study of the philosophies of the different thinkers and theories in the subjects that later became political economy and economics, from the ancient world to the present day.

This field encompasses many disparate schools of economic thought. Ancient Greek writers such as the philosopher Aristotle examined ideas about the art of wealth acquisition, and questioned whether property is best left in private or public hands. In the Middle Ages, Thomas Aquinas argued that it was a moral obligation of businesses to sell goods at a just price.

In the Western world, economics was not a separate discipline, but part of philosophy until the 18th–19th century Industrial Revolution and the 19th century Great Divergence, which accelerated economic growth.

Just price
The just price is a theory of ethics in economics that attempts to set standards of fairness in transactions. With intellectual roots in ancient Greek philosophy, it was advanced by St. Thomas Aquinas based on an argument against usury, which in his time referred to the making of any rate of interest on loans. It gave rise to the contractual principle of laesio enormis.
Equal Justice (TV series)
Equal Justice is an American legal drama television series that aired on ABC from March 27, 1990, to July 3, 1991.

This series details on the lives of the district attorney's office in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The series stars George DiCenzo, Cotter Smith, Kathleen Lloyd, Jane Kaczmarek, Sarah Jessica Parker, Barry Miller, Joe Morton, James Wilder, Jon Tenney, and Debrah Farentino. Despite earning critical acclaim, the show received low ratings throughout its run and was cancelled after only two seasons.

Debrah Farentino
Debrah Farentino (born Deborah Mullowney) is an American actress, producer, and journalist. She began her career starring in the CBS daytime soap opera Capitol from 1982 to 1987, before moving to prime time with a female leading role in the ABC comedy drama series Hooperman (1987–88).

Farentino had starring roles in a number of dramatic series in 1990s, include Equal Justice (1990–91), Earth 2 (1994–95), EZ Streets (1996–97) and Get Real (1999–2000). Her other notable credits include 1993 comedy film Son of the Pink Panther, 1999 miniseries Storm of the Century, and well as Syfy comedy-drama Eureka (2006–2012).
Ganboa
Ganboa (1,412 m) is a summit on the Gipuzkoan side of the Aralar Range (Basque Country), the mount having long been held as the highest in the range, while nowadays it trails second to Irumugarrieta. The peak, crowned with a mountaineer postbox, is surrounded by grasslands, secondary peaks and limestone karst terrain, where deep fissures are not rare to be seen.

Aralar Range
The Aralar Range (Basque pronunciation: [aˈɾalar]) is a mountain range in the Basque Mountains of the Southern Basque Country. The part of the range lying in Gipuzkoa was established as a conservation area called Aralar Natural Park in 1994. In addition to its natural features, scenery, recreational use and habitation, the range is home to a number of Basque mythology milestones and legends.
Nikki Toscano
Nikki Toscano is an American writer, producer and showrunner for television. She has served as the co-showrunner and executive producer of the Amazon Prime Video series Hunters (2020–2023) and as showrunner and executive producer of the Paramount+ miniseries The Offer (2022). She also made her directorial debut with the sixth episode of the Peacock series Long Bright River (2025), which she co-created.

Long Bright River (TV series)
Long Bright River is an American crime drama miniseries based on the 2020 book of the same name by Liz Moore. Starring Amanda Seyfried as a Philadelphia police officer, the show aired on Peacock on March 13, 2025.
Sgùrr Dearg
Sgùrr Dearg (Scottish Gaelic for 'red rocky peak') is a mountain in the Cuillin on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. It is topped by the Inaccessible Pinnacle (or An Stac in Gaelic), a fin of rock measuring 50 metres (160 ft) along its longest edge. The top of the Pinnacle stands at 985.8 m (3,234 ft) above sea level, making Sgùrr Dearg the only Munro with a peak that can only be reached by rock climbing. This makes it the biggest hurdle for many Munro baggers.

First climbed by Charles and Lawrence Pilkington in 1880, the Pinnacle was never climbed by Sir Hugh Munro himself. Because of its status as the most difficult of the Munros it has now spawned a cottage industry for the local guides, who are often seen escorting parties of novice climbers. Unlike much of the Cuillin, the pinnacle is basalt, not gabbro, and thus is somewhat slippery when wet.

Charles Pilkington (mountaineer)
Charles Pilkington (1850–1918) was a British colliery engineer and mountaineer. In the Alps he was a pioneer of mountaineering without guides and made the first ascent of a number of peaks and several significant first guideless ascents. In the UK he made the first ascent of Sgùrr Dearg's Inaccessible Pinnacle on the Isle of Skye.
Neuroepithelial cell
Neuroepithelial cells, or neuroectodermal cells, form the wall of the closed neural tube in early embryonic development. The neuroepithelial cells span the thickness of the tube's wall, connecting with the pial surface and with the ventricular or lumenal surface. They are joined at the lumen of the tube by junctional complexes, where they form a pseudostratified layer of epithelium called neuroepithelium.

Neuroepithelial cells are the stem cells of the central nervous system, known as neural stem cells, and generate the intermediate progenitor cells known as radial glial cells, that differentiate into neurons and glia in the process of neurogenesis.

Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (the 28th day after conception).