hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgware, Highgate and London Railway
The Edgware, Highgate and London Railway was a railway in north London, England. The railway was a precursor of parts of London Underground's Northern line and was, in the 1930s, the core of an ambitious expansion plan for that line which was thwarted by the Second World War. Parts of the line were closed in the 1950s and have since been removed.

Finchley Central tube station
Finchley Central is a London Underground station, located in the Church End area of Finchley, North London, England. It is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line, between West Finchley and East Finchley stations. The station is at the junction for the short branch to Mill Hill East. It is around 7 miles north-northwest of Charing Cross and is in London fare zone 4.

The station was opened on 22 August 1867 as part of the Great Northern Railway's line between Finsbury Park and Edgware stations. As part of London Underground's Northern Heights plan, Northern line trains started serving the station in 1940 and main line passenger services ended in 1941.
Quantum Accelerator (roller coaster)
Quantum Accelerator is an upcoming steel family roller coaster located at Six Flags New England in Agawam, Massachusetts. Manufactured by Intamin, the Straddle coaster model was planned to open on June 20th, 2025, but was delayed. A new opening date has been announced to be in 2026. Quantum Accelerator will feature two launches, a top speed of 45mph, and 11 air time moments. It will replace Goliath, which was removed from the park at the end of the 2021 season.

Six Flags New England
Six Flags New England, formerly known as Gallup's Grove (1870–1886), Riverside Grove (1887–1911), Riverside Park (1912–1995) and Riverside: The Great Escape (1996–1999), is an amusement park located in Agawam, Massachusetts. Opening in the late 19th century, it is the oldest amusement park in the Six Flags chain, acquired by Premier Parks in 1996 and rebranded Six Flags New England in 2000. Superman The Ride is among the park's most notable rides, having appeared as a highly ranked roller coaster in the annual Golden Ticket Awards from Amusement Today since the ride opened in 2000.
Federal Office of Public Health
The Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) is the Swiss federal government's centre for public health and a part of the Swiss Federal Department of Home Affairs.

In addition to developing national health policy, it also represents the interests of its country within international health organizations such as the OECD or the World Health Organization. As of December 2014, FOPH employs 544 persons (443 full-time job equivalents). The 2015 budget was 193 million Swiss francs.

Federal Department of Home Affairs
The Federal Department of Home Affairs (FDHA, German: Eidgenössisches Departement des Innern, French: Département fédéral de l'intérieur, Italian: Dipartimento federale dell'interno, Romansh: Departament federal da l'internⓘ) is a department of the federal administration of Switzerland. Since 2024, it is headed by Federal Councillor Élisabeth Baume-Schneider.
1857 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1857 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1857. After incumbent Governor Coles Bashford declined to seek re-election, Republican Party candidate Alexander Randall narrowly defeated Democratic candidate James B. Cross by a margin of just 118 votes.

Richland County would not vote for a Democrat again until 1924, nor would Polk County until 1918 and Juneau County until 1892. Conversely, Marquette County would not vote for a Republican again until 1886.

1892 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1892 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1892. Incumbent Democratic Governor George Wilbur Peck narrowly defeated Republican nominee John Coit Spooner, becoming the first Democratic governor of Wisconsin to be reelected since Nelson Dewey in 1849.

During this era, Wisconsin leaned Republican but was competitive, with all but two gubernatorial elections since the Civil War having been decided by single digits. The Democrats had been swept to power in the state in 1890 due to backlash against the Bennett Law and other national Republican policies such as the McKinley Tariff. The state election was held at the same time as the presidential election, with Peck eking out a similar plurality to that of Grover Cleveland. After this election, however, the state would swing heavily in favor of the Republican Party as the existing Democratic Party's coalition disintegrated during the mid-1890s. Wisconsin would not elect another Democrat as governor until 1932.
WTF with Marc Maron
WTF with Marc Maron is a podcast and syndicated radio show that was hosted by the American stand-up comedian and actor Marc Maron. It was launched on September 1, 2009 and ended on October 13, 2025 after 1,686 episodes, and aired weekly on Mondays and Thursdays. The show was produced by Maron's former Air America colleague Brendan McDonald.

Carlos Mencia
Ned Arnel Holness  (born October 22, 1967) known professionally as Carlos Mencía, is a Honduran-American comedian, writer, and actor. His style of comedy is often political and involves issues of race relations, Latin American culture, criminal justice, and social class. From 2005 to 2008, he hosted the Comedy Central show Mind of Mencia. Around the time of the show's cancellation, several comedians accused Mencía of plagiarism and stealing jokes.
Battle of Kula Gulf
The Battle of Kula Gulf (Japanese: クラ湾夜戦) took place in the early hours of 6 July 1943 during World War II. The battle involved United States and Japanese ships off the eastern coast of Kolombangara in the Solomon Islands. It took place during the early stages of the New Georgia campaign when a Japanese force landing reinforcements at Vila was intercepted by a force of US Navy cruisers and destroyers. One US light cruiser was sunk during the engagement while two Japanese destroyers were sunk and two more were damaged. The Japanese withdrew after the engagement, having landed 1,600 troops.

Type 93 torpedo
The Type 93 (酸素魚雷; designated for Imperial Japanese calendar year 2593) was a 610 mm (24 in)-diameter torpedo of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), launched from surface ships. It is commonly referred to as the Long Lance by most modern English-language naval historians, a nickname given to it after the war by Samuel Eliot Morison, the chief historian of the U.S. Navy, who spent much of the war in the Pacific Theater. In Japanese references, the term Sanso gyorai (酸素魚雷; lit. "oxygen torpedo") is also used, in reference to its propulsion system. It was the most advanced naval torpedo in the world at the time.
Feltonville, North Carolina
Feltonville is an unincorporated community in Wake County in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located north of Holly Springs, near where North Carolina Highway 540 meets North Carolina Highway 55, south of Apex.

Wake County, North Carolina
Wake County, officially the County of Wake, is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,129,410, making it North Carolina's most populous county. From July 2005 to July 2006, Wake County was the 9th-fastest growing county in the United States, with Cary and Raleigh being the 8th- and 15th-fastest growing communities, respectively.

Its county seat is Raleigh, which is also the state capital. Eleven other municipalities are in Wake County, the largest of which is the town of Cary, the third-most populous city of the Research Triangle region and the seventh-most populous municipality in North Carolina.

It is governed by the Wake County Board of Commissioners, coterminous with the Wake County Public School System, with law enforcement provided by the Wake County Sheriff's Department. It is also part of the wider Triangle J Council of Governments, which governs regional planning.
Bimorph
A bimorph is a cantilever used for actuation or sensing which consists of two active layers. It can also have a passive layer between the two active layers. In contrast, a piezoelectric unimorph has only one active (i.e. piezoelectric) layer and one passive (i.e. non-piezoelectric) layer.

Unimorph
A unimorph or monomorph is a cantilever that consists of one active layer and one inactive layer.  In the case where active layer is piezoelectric, deformation in that layer may be induced by the application of an electric field. This deformation induces a bending displacement in the cantilever. The inactive layer may be fabricated from a non-piezoelectric material. Expanded URL for Paper referenced is located here: https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ronf/PAPERS/sitti-icra01.pdf
Downsville, Louisiana
Downsville is a village in Lincoln and Union parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, Downsville had a population of 120.

The Lincoln Parish portion of Downsville is part of the Ruston Micropolitan Statistical Area, while the Union Parish portion is part of the Monroe Metropolitan Statistical Area. Downsville is made up of many communities, including Downtown Downsville, Holmesville, Point-Wilhite, and the Mt. Ararat Baptist Church community. There are several more.

Downsville was named for U.S. Senator Solomon W. Downs.

Monroe metropolitan area, Louisiana
The Monroe metropolitan area, officially the Monroe metropolitan statistical area, is a metropolitan statistical area in Northern Louisiana that covers three parishes—Ouachita, Union, and Morehouse. According to the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 207,104.
Moste District
The Moste District (pronounced [ˈmoːstɛ]; Slovene: Četrtna skupnost Moste), or simply Moste, is a district (mestna četrt) of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It encompasses the east-central part of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is named after the former village of Moste.

Moste (Ljubljana)
Moste (pronounced [ˈmoːstɛ]) is a formerly independent settlement in the east-central part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. Ljubljana's Moste District is named after Moste.
Tanishq
Tanishq is an Indian jewellery brand owned by Titan Company. Founded in 1994, it is based in Bengaluru. As of 2023, it has more than 400 retail stores across India, the UAE, the US, Singapore and Qatar.

Xerxes Desai
Xerxes Desai (1937 – 27 June 2016) was an Indian businessman who served as the first managing director of Titan Company, an Indian watchmaking company, where he played an instrumental role in laying the foundation of the company.
Berehet
Berehet (Amharic: በረኸት) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Semien Shewa Zone, Berehet is bordered on the south by the Germama River which separates it from Menjarna Shenkora, on the west by Hagere Mariamna Kesem, on the north by Asagirt, and on the east by the Afar Region. The major town in Berehet is Metiteh Bila.

Berehet is the location of the Battle of Bereket, fought 19 November 1855. In this battle, the last Shewan nobles to resist Emperor Tewodros II were defeated by his general Ras Ingida, and seeing that further defiance was futile they surrendered the young heir to the Shewan throne, Menelik.
Also during 1933 there was a battle between patriots and Italian army near to metiteh bila, finally they were bombed. That area was prohibited from farming activity for a long time and finally memorial built in 2013.

Minjarna Shenkora
Minjarna Shenkora (Amharic: ምንጃርና ሸንኮራ, lit. 'Minjar and Shenkora'), also Menjarna Shenkora is a woreda in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. It is named in part after the historic Shewan district of Minjar, which was the southernmost district of Shewa and near the location of the modern woreda. Located at the southern end of the Semien Shewa Zone, Minjarna Shenkora is bordered on the east, south and west by the Oromia Region, on the northwest by Hagere Mariamna Kesem, and on the northeast by Berehet; the Germama (or Kesem) river forms the boundary between this woreda and Hagere Mariamna Kesem and Berehet. The administrative center of this woreda is Arerti; other towns in the woreda include Balchi and Eranbuti.

This woreda is served by the Addis Ababa - Djibouti Railway with a station at Malka Jilo. It is the only woreda in the Amhara Region with a train station.
International Hotel (San Francisco)
The International Hotel, often referred to locally as the I-Hotel, was a low-income single-room-occupancy residential hotel in San Francisco, California's Manilatown. It was home to many Asian Americans, specifically a large Filipino American population. Around 1954, the I-Hotel also famously housed in its basement Enrico Banducci's original "hungry i" nightclub. During the late 60s, real estate corporations proposed plans to demolish the hotel, which would necessitate displacing all of the I-Hotel's elderly tenants.

In response, housing activists, students, community members, and tenants united to protest and resist eviction. All the tenants were evicted on August 4, 1977 and the hotel was demolished in 1981. After the site was purchased by the International Hotel Senior Housing Inc., it was rebuilt and opened in 2005. It now shares spaces with St. Mary's School and Manilatown Center.

Kearny Street Workshop
Kearny Street Workshop (KSW) in San Francisco, California, is the oldest multidisciplinary arts nonprofit addressing Asian Pacific American issues. The organization's mission is to produce and present art that enriches and empowers Asian Pacific American communities. Notable participants include author and Asian American studies scholar Russell Leong, playwright and author Jessica Hagedorn, author Janice Mirikitani, poet and historian Al Robles, and actor and filmmaker Lane Nishikawa.
2025 Abierto Mexicano Telcel
The 2025 Mexican Open (also known as the Abierto Mexicano Telcel presentado por HSBC for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 32nd edition of the men's Mexican Open, and an ATP 500 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour. The tournament took place in Acapulco, Mexico between 24 February and 1 March 2025, at the Arena GNP Seguros.

2025 ATP Tour
The 2025 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2025 tennis season. The 2025 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP 500, the ATP 250, and the United Cup (organized with the WTA). Also included in the 2025 calendar are the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Hopman Cup and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.
Buttsū-ji
Buttsū-ji (佛通寺) is a Buddhist temple head one of fourteen autonomous branches of the Rinzai school of Zen Buddhism, founded in 1397 by the lord of Mihara; Kobayakawa Haruhira; its first Abbot was Buttoku Daitsu Zenji. The temple is named after its honorary founder, the Chinese master Buttsu Zenji. Located in Mihara, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, the temple is head of the Buttsū-ji branch of Rinzai Zen, governing forty-seven temples.

Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (Japanese: 臨済宗, romanized: Rinzai-shū, simplified Chinese: 临济宗; traditional Chinese: 臨濟宗; pinyin: Línjì zōng), named after Linji Yixuan (Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism, along with Sōtō and Ōbaku. The Chinese Linji school of Chan Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan by Myōan Eisai (1141–1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the Ōtōkan lineage transmitted through Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
Walter de Berkeley of Redcastle
Sir Walter de Berkeley, Lord of Redcastle and Urr was a Scottish noble, who was Great Chamberlain of Scotland from 1165 to 1189.

His parentage is currently unknown and he is known to have had one son John, who died without issue, shortly after his father. He is known to have had two daughters, Agnes, who married Ingram de Balliol and Agatha, who married Humphrey de Adeville.

Walter died around 1193.

Ingram de Balliol
Ingram de Balliol (died 1244), Lord of Redcastle and Urr in Scotland, Dalton in England and Tours-en-Vimeu in France was an Anglo Scoto-French noble.

He was a younger son of Eustace de Balliol and Petronilla FitzPiers. Ingram was a follower of King Alexander II of Scotland, which brought him against his brothers Hugh and Bernard, who supported Kings John and Henry III of England. He died in 1244.
Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu
Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu or Montaigut (1252 – 23 June 1318), was a French Archbishop and diplomat who became Lord Chancellor of France.

Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu was Archbishop of Narbonne (1287–1311) and Archbishop of Rouen (1311–1318). He was one of the most influential counselors of King Philip IV of France. He negotiated the Treaty of Tournai (1298) and Treaty of Montreuil (1299) with the English, and created the Collège de Montaigu in 1314.

Archdiocese of Rouen
The Archdiocese of Rouen (Latin: Archidioecesis Rothomagensis; French: Archidiocèse de Rouen) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. As one of the fifteen Archbishops of France, the Archbishop of Rouen's ecclesiastical province comprises the greater part of Normandy. The Archbishop of Rouen is currently Dominique Lebrun.

In 2022, in the Archdiocese of Rouen there was one priest for every 6,238 Catholics.
Saint Fina
Fina (Serafina) (1238–1253) was an Italian Christian virgin who is especially venerated in the Tuscan town of San Gimignano. She developed a paralytic illness and spent the rest of her life on a bed made from a wooden pallet, where, according to legends, Saint Gregory the Great appeared to her to predict her death.

Santa Fina Chapel
The Saint Fina Chapel (Italian: Cappella di Santa Fina) is an Early Renaissance chapel in the right aisle of the  Collegiate church of Santa Maria Assunta, located in San Gimignano, Tuscany, Italy. It was designed by  Giuliano and Benedetto da Maiano in 1468 to enshrine the relics of Saint Fina. The side walls of the chapel are painted in fresco by Domenico Ghirlandaio with two scenes from her life, executed between 1477 and 1478.
Red-cowled widowbird
The red-cowled widowbird (Euplectes laticauda) is a species of bird in the weaver family Ploceidae. Red-cowled widowbirds are found in grasslands and bush clearings in East Africa. They are known for their long tails and brilliant red badges, both which act as sexual ornaments. They are often associated with other widowbird and bishop species. They are polygynous, where males acquisition of territory is an important determinant in their access to mates. Red-cowled widowbirds have a wide range and there is little concern in terms of conservation status.

The red-cowled widowbird was formerly considered as conspecific with the red-collared widowbird (Euplectes ardens). The species were split based on the substantial difference in plumage and the tail lengths of males when in breeding plumage.

Two subspecies are recognised:

E. l. laticauda (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823) – southeast Sudan, Eritrea and Ethiopia

E. l. suahelicus (Van Someren, 1921) – central Kenya to north Tanzania

Red-collared widowbird
The red-collared widowbird (Euplectes ardens) is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. Red-collared widowbirds are found in grasslands and bush clearings in western and southern Africa. They are known for their long tails and brilliant red badges, both of which act as sexual ornaments. They are often associated with other widowbird and bishop species. They are polygynous, where males acquisition of territory is an important determinant in their access to mates. Red-collared widowbirds have a wide range and there is little concern in terms of conservation status.
Sokndal
Sokndal is the southernmost municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Dalane. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Hauge. Other villages in Sokndal include Li, Rekefjord, Sogndalsstranda, and Åna-Sira.

Sogndalsstranda is a picturesque, old fishing village, which may have inspired the municipality in becoming Norway's first member of Cittaslow. The Jøssingfjorden, known for the Altmark Incident, is also located in Sokndal.

The 295-square-kilometre (114 sq mi) municipality is the 267th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sokndal is the 219th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,324. The municipality's population density is 12.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (32/sq mi) and its population has increased by 1.2% over the previous 10-year period.

Åna-Sira
Åna-Sira is a village in southwestern Norway, sitting mostly in Sokndal municipality in Rogaland county, but a small portion lies in Flekkefjord municipality in Agder county.  The village is located at the mouth of the river Sira where it flows south into Åna fjord (hence the name of the village).  The fjord and river form the county border with Rogaland and Agder counties.  The Åna-Sira Bridge crosses the river connecting the two parts of the village.  The village is the southernmost village in Rogaland county.

About 200 people live in Åna-Sira, about two-thirds of the residents live on the north side of the river in Sokndal, and the rest live on the south side of the river.  Åna-Sira Church is located on the Sokndal side of the village.  There is a shrimp factory in the village as well as the Åna-Sira Power Station.
Nicholas the Small
Nicholas the Small (Mikołaj Mały) (1322/1327 – 23 April 1358) was a Duke of Ziębice from 1341 until his death.

He was the only son of Duke Bolko II of Ziębice and his wife Guta. He was born between 1322 and 1327. He had a sister, Małgorzata, but he did not know whether she was older or younger.

Bolko II of Ziębice
Bolko II of Ziębice (Polish: Bolko II Ziębicki; 1 February 1300 – 11 June 1341) was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice in Poland from 1301 to 1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), of Świdnica-Ziębice from 1312 to 1322 (with his brother as co-ruler), and sole Duke of Ziębice from 1322 until his death.

He was the fourth son of Bolko I the Strict, Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice, by his wife Beatrix, daughter of Otto V the Long, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel. He was named after his eldest brother Bolko, who died on 30 January 1300, just two days before his birth.
False allegation of child sexual abuse
A false allegation of child sexual abuse is an accusation against one or more individuals claiming that they committed child sexual abuse when no abuse has been committed by the accused. Such accusations can be brought by the alleged victim, or by another person on the alleged victim's behalf. Studies on the rate of recorded child abuse allegations in the 1990s suggested that the overall rate of false accusations at that time was approximately 10%.

Of the allegations determined to be false, only a small portion originated with the child, the studies showed; most false allegations originated with an adult bringing the accusations on behalf of a child, and of those, a large majority occurred in the context of divorce and child-custody battles.

Day-care sex-abuse hysteria
Day-care sex-abuse hysteria was a moral panic that occurred primarily during the 1980s and early 1990s, and featured charges against day-care providers accused of committing several forms of child abuse, including Satanic ritual abuse. The collective cases are often considered a part of the Satanic panic. A 1982 case in Kern County, California, United States, first publicized the issue of day-care sexual abuse, and the issue figured prominently in news coverage for almost a decade. The Kern County case was followed by cases elsewhere in the United States, as well as Canada, New Zealand, Brazil, and various European countries.