hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haath Ki Safai
Haath Ki Safai (lit. 'Skill of Hand'; a euphemism for pickpocketing) is a 1974 Indian Hindi-language masala film, written by Salim–Javed, produced by I.A Nadiadwala, and directed by Prakash Mehra. The film stars Vinod Khanna, Randhir Kapoor and Hema Malini. Vinod Khanna won the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor, the only nomination for the film. The rest of the cast includes Simi Garewal, Ranjeet and Satyen Kappu. It was a remake of 1959 film Do Ustad. The music is by Kalyanji Anandji.  The film became a "semi-hit" at the box office.

The film was later remade in Telugu as Manushulu Chesina Dongalu (1976) and in Tamil as Savaal (1981).

Do Ustad (1959 film)
Do Ustad (transl. Two masters) is a 1959 Indian Hindi-language crime thriller film, directed by Tara Harish, produced by Sheikh Mukhtar and starring Mukhtar, with Raj Kapoor and Madhubala. One of the earliest Bollywood films to deal with "lost and found" formula, Do Ustad revolves around two brothers separated in their childhood who grow up to become thieves. Moderately received by critics, the film became a commercial success.
Lalitkumar Singh
Raja Lalitkumar Singh (1924–2000) was the last official ruler of princely state of Raigarh State. He ascended the throne in 1947 upon death of his father Raja Chakradhar Singh and acceded his State into Union of India on 1 January 1948. He later got elected and became Member of Legislative Assembly from Gharghonda as a candidate of Indian National Congress in 1952–57. He next time got elected from Chargoda in 1957–62. After abolition of privy purse, he was left with meager resources and sold most of his assets. In 1980, he tried his luck in politics again stood for election but was defeated. He lived his last years as pauper, living in hut outside town on borrowed money. He died in 2000.

Chakradhar Singh
Raja Chakradhar Singh  (19 August 1905 −7  October 1947) was the Raja of Raigarh and Chief of Bargarh ruled by Gond dynasty. He was the ruler of Princely state of Raigarh from 1924 till his death in 1947. He was son of Raja Bhup Deo Singh, who died in 1917.
Seaham Colliery
The Seaham Colliery was a coal mine in County Durham in the North of England. The mine suffered an underground explosion in 1880 which resulted in the deaths of upwards of 160 people, including surface workers and rescuers.

Among the dead were 36 non-commissioned officers (NCO)s and men of the 2nd (Seaham) Durham Artillery Volunteer Corps, a part-time unit of the Royal Artillery who were recruited from workers at the mine. They had been commanded by the mine's owner, the Marquess of Londonderry.

The mine opened in 1849 with the sinking of the first pit. In the late 19th century, the colliery was producing between 2,500 and 2,800 tons of coal per day, which were shipped at Seaham Harbour and Sunderland Dock. In 1914, at it height, the colliery employed more than 2,500 people below ground and 500 above ground. It was nationalised in 1947, merged with Vane Tempest colliery in 1988, and closed by 1993.

Seaham
Seaham (/ˈsiːəm/ SEE-əm) is a seaside town in County Durham, England. Located on the Durham Coast, Seaham is situated 6 miles (10 kilometres) south of Sunderland and 13 miles (21 km) east of Durham. The town grew from the late 19th century onwards as a result of investments in its harbour and coal mines. The town is twinned with the German town of Gerlingen.
UMFS Dalvík
UMFS Dalvík (officially named Ungmennafélag Svarfdæla, usually referred to as Dalvík, previously referred to as Svarfdælir)  is an Icelandic sports club located in Dalvík. The club has had competitors in various sports in Iceland, most notably football, athletics and basketball. The club currently has no senior football team but is part of the Dalvík/Reynir cooperation and has youth teams playing in national competitions. Dalvík has also had teams playing in national handball and volleyball leagues.

2. deild karla
2. deild karla (transl. Men's Second Division) is a football league in Iceland. It is the third division in the Icelandic football league system. The current champions are Afturelding from Mosfellsbær, who won their 1st title in 2018.

The division was started in 1966 as third division with two provisional groups, with number of teams varying from 7 to 10 teams in each group. In 1987 it was decided to merge the two groups to form a single nationwide league with 10 teams so at the end of the 1987 season only three teams from each group would stay in the league, the top teams in each group were promoted, all other teams relegated to the 4th division and two teams promoted from the 4th division. In 1997 after a name change, the division became Second division.

In 2008, as a part of a general change in Icelandic football, the number of teams was increased from 10 to 12.
Mark Geiger
Mark William Geiger (born August 25, 1974) is an American sports administrator and former soccer referee. He is the senior director of match officials at the Professional Referee Organization (PRO), which oversees domestic referees in Major League Soccer (MLS). Geiger previously officiated in MLS and was on the FIFA International Referees List from 2008 to 2019. At the international level, Geiger refereed the 2012 Olympics, the 2013, 2015, and 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cups, and the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups. At the 2014 World Cup, he became the first referee from the United States to officiate a knockout match at a World Cup tournament. Before becoming a full-time referee, Geiger was a high school mathematics teacher.

Professional Referee Organization
Professional Referee Organization (PRO) is the organization responsible for managing the referee and assistant referee program in professional soccer leagues in the United States and Canada, working alongside the United States Soccer Federation, Major League Soccer, the Canadian Soccer Association, the United Soccer League, the National Women's Soccer League, and the U.S. Open Cup.

The organization's targets are to increase the quality of officiating in U.S. and Canadian professional leagues, develop more professional-quality officials at a younger age, and produce officials who will represent the United States and Canada in FIFA competitions. The referees employed by PRO are represented by the PSRA.
J&R Kosher Meat and Delicatessen
J&R Kosher Meat and Delicatessen was a Montreal kosher butcher and delicatessen established in 1952 by Robert Nemes, a Holocaust survivor and immigrant from Romania. Its last location was at 5800 Cavendish Blvd in the heart of the city's Jewish community. J&R was the oldest and one of the most famous remaining kosher meat shops in Montreal. The store delivered its meat throughout Quebec and Ontario, and shipped throughout the rest of Canada. The business closed in 2022.

Neighbourhood shopping centres in Montreal
This is a list of small shopping centres (mostly neighbourhood shopping centres) in the island of Montreal.

A neighbourhood shopping centre is an industry term in North America for a shopping centre with 30,000 to 125,000 square feet (2,800 to 11,600 m2) of gross leasable area, typically anchored by a supermarket and/or large drugstore.

Large neighbourhood shopping centres (a.k.a. community centres) are slightly larger centres 125,000 to 400,000 square feet (11,600 to 37,200 m2) with general merchandise or convenience-oriented offerings, typically with a "wider range of apparel and other soft goods, usually configured in a straight line as a strip, or laid out in an L or U shape".
Malvern, Victoria
Malvern (/ˈmɒlvərn/ ) is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, eight kilometres south-east of the Melbourne central business district, located within the City of Stonnington local government area. Malvern recorded a population of 9,929 at the 2021 census.

Gardiners Creek
Gardiners Creek, originally known as Kooyongkoot Creek, is an urban stream in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, and part of the Yarra River catchment.

Apart from a few sparse surviving remnant riparian bushlands, the majority of the creek's length has been heavily urbanised, and it has been degraded in much the same way as other Melbourne eastern suburban streams such as the Mullum Mullum Creek and Koonung Creek. The Gardiners Creek Trail follows the creek for most of its length.
Northeast Correctional Center
not to be confused with the Northeastern Correctional Center in Massachusetts

Northeast Correctional Center is a Missouri Department of Corrections state prison for men located in Bowling Green, Pike County, Missouri.  The facility opened in 1998 and has a working capacity of 2,098.

Missouri Department of Corrections
The Missouri Department of Corrections is the state law enforcement agency that  operates state prisons in the U.S. state of Missouri. It has its headquarters in Missouri's capital of Jefferson City.

The Missouri Department of Corrections has 21 facilities statewide, including two community release centers. It has more than 11,000 employees, about three-quarters of whom are either certified corrections officers or probation officers. Missouri Department of Corrections has K9 units statewide that are frequently utilized for tracking escapees and, in cases of small or rural law enforcement agencies, criminals who have fled from law enforcement or assisting in search and rescue for missing persons.
Vaccination of dogs
Vaccination of dogs is the practice of animal vaccination applied to dogs. Programs in this field have contributed both to the health of dogs and to the public health. In countries where routine rabies vaccination of dogs is practiced, for example, rabies in humans is reduced to a very rare event.

Currently, there are geographically defined core vaccines and individually chosen non-core vaccine recommendations for dogs. A number of controversies surrounding adverse reactions to vaccines have resulted in authoritative bodies revising their guidelines as to the type, frequency, and methods/locations for dog vaccination.

Animal vaccination
Animal vaccination is the immunisation of a domestic, livestock or wild animal. The practice is connected to veterinary medicine. The first animal vaccine invented was for chicken cholera in 1879 by Louis Pasteur. The production of such vaccines encounter issues in relation to the economic difficulties of individuals, the government and companies. Regulation of animal vaccinations is less compared to the regulations of human vaccinations. Vaccines are categorised into conventional and next generation vaccines. Animal vaccines have been found to be the most cost effective and sustainable methods of controlling infectious veterinary diseases. In 2017, the veterinary vaccine industry was valued at US$7 billion and it is predicted to reach US$9 billion in 2024.
Jason Sehorn
Jason Heath Sehorn (born April 15, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Giants from 1994 to 2002 and St. Louis Rams in 2003.  He played college football for the USC Trojans.

Mt. Shasta High School
Mt. Shasta High School is a public high school located in Mount Shasta, California in southern Siskiyou County. It is one of the five members of the Siskiyou Union High School District.  Mt. Shasta High school's mascot is a bear and the rivaling team is the Weed High School Cougars.
Camelot, Kirkham
Camelot is a heritage-listed former residence, race horse stud and homestead and now large home located at Kirkham Lane in the outer south-western Sydney suburb of Narellan, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by John Horbury Hunt and built from 1881 to 1888. It is also known as Camelot and Kirkham. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Camelot was completed in 1888 in the Late Victorian style and has been used as a television and film location.

Narellan, New South Wales
Narellan is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales. Narellan is located 60 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Camden Council and is part of the Macarthur region.

Narellan is known for its modern shopping centre, Narellan Town Centre, historic St Thomas Chapel, Studley Park House and golf course.
Huntington Bank Field
Huntington Bank Field is a stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, hockey, and concerts. It opened in 1999 as Cleveland Browns Stadium and was known as FirstEnergy Stadium from 2013 to 2023 before briefly reverting to its original name until 2024. The initial seating capacity was listed at 73,200 people, but following the first phase of a two-year renovation project in 2014, was reduced to the current capacity of 67,431. The stadium sits on 31 acres (13 ha) of land between Lake Erie and the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the Great Lakes Science Center and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Cleveland Stadium stood on the site from 1931 to 1996.

North Coast Harbor
North Coast Harbor is a district in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States, on the shore of Lake Erie. The district serves as the home of the Great Lakes Science Center, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Huntington Bank Field, the Steamship William G. Mather Maritime Museum, USS Cod, Burke Lakefront Airport, Voinovich Bicentennial Park, and the Cleveland-Cuyahoga County Port Authority. It is served by the West 3rd and North Coast stations on RTA's light rail Waterfront Line.
Planet of the Apes (TV series)
Planet of the Apes is an American science fiction television series that was broadcast on CBS from September 13 to December 20, 1974. The series features Roddy McDowall, Ron Harper, James Naughton, and Mark Lenard. It is based on the 1968 film of the same name and its sequels, which were, in turn, based on the 1963 novel Planet of the Apes by Pierre Boulle.

Pierre Boulle
Pierre François Marie Louis Boulle (20 February 1912 – 30 January 1994) was a French author. He is best known for two works, The Bridge over the River Kwai (1952) and Planet of the Apes (1963), that were both made into award-winning films.

Boulle was an engineer serving as a secret agent with the Free French in Southeast Asia, when he was captured and imprisoned for two years. These experiences inspired The Bridge over the River Kwai, about the notorious Death Railway, which became an international bestseller. The film, named The Bridge on the River Kwai, by David Lean won seven Academy Awards (including Best Adapted Screenplay), and Boulle was credited with writing the screenplay, because its two actual screenwriters had been blacklisted.

His science-fiction novel Planet of the Apes, in which intelligent apes gain mastery over humans, developed into a media franchise spanning over 55 years that includes ten films, two television series, comic books and popular themed merchandise.
NWA North American Tag Team Championship (Florida version)
The NWA North American Tag Team Championship (Florida version) was a professional wrestling tag team championship briefly used and defended in the National Wrestling Alliance affiliated Championship Wrestling from Florida between March 1981 and April 1982. The title was used as a replacement for the Florida version of the NWA United States Tag Team Championship, which was defended off and on in the promotion throughout the 60s, 70s and 80s. The Florida version of the North American Tag Team Championship was the fourth NWA affiliated promotion to create its own version of the title. Although its name would suggest otherwise, it was only defended within the Florida territory and not on any national basis.

Championship Wrestling from Florida
Championship Wrestling from Florida (CWF) was the corporate and brand name of the Tampa, Florida, wrestling office existing from 1961, when Eddie Graham first bought into the promotion, until 1987, when it closed down. It is also referred to as Florida Championship Wrestling. When Mike Graham tried a return to promoting, the rights to the name had been acquired by an outside party, forcing him to use another name, Florida Championship Wrestling.
Luma (video)
In video, luma () represents the brightness in an image (the "black-and-white" or achromatic portion of the image). Luma is typically paired with chrominance. Luma represents the achromatic image, while the chroma components represent the color information. Converting R′G′B′ sources (such as the output of a three-CCD camera) into luma and chroma allows for chroma subsampling: because human vision has finer spatial sensitivity to luminance ("black and white") differences than chromatic differences, video systems can store and transmit chromatic information at lower resolution, optimizing perceived detail at a particular bandwidth.

Gamma correction
Gamma correction or gamma is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance in video or images.

Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following power-law expression:

where the non-negative real input value  is raised to the power  and multiplied by the constant A to get the output value . In the common case of A = 1, inputs and outputs are typically in the range 0–1.

A gamma value  is sometimes called an encoding gamma, and the process of encoding with this compressive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma compression; conversely, a gamma value  is called a decoding gamma, and the application of the expansive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma expansion.
Kraig Grady
Kraig Grady (born 1952) is a US-Australian composer/sound artist.  He has composed and performed with an ensemble of microtonal instruments of his own design and also worked as a shadow puppeteer, tuning theorist, filmmaker, world music radio DJ and concert promoter. His works feature his own ensembles of acoustic instruments, including metallophones, marimbas, hammered dulcimers and reed organs tuned to microtonal just intonation scales. His compositions include accompaniments for silent films and shadow plays.  An important influence in the development of Grady's music was Harry Partch, like Grady, a musician from the Southwest, and a composer of theatrical works in Just Intonation for self-built instruments. Many of his compositions use unusual meters of very extended lengths.

Microtonality
Microtonality is the use in music of microtones — intervals smaller than a semitone, also called "microintervals". It may also be extended to include any music using intervals not found in the customary Western tuning of twelve equal intervals per octave. In other words, a microtone may be thought of as a note that falls "between the keys" of a piano tuned in equal temperament.
Sivasagar district
Sivasagar district (Pron: /ˈsɪvəˌsʌɡər/ or /ˈʃɪvəˌsʌɡər/) is one of the 34 districts of Assam state in Northeast India. Sivasagar city is the administrative headquarters of this district. This historic place is also known for its rich biodiversity. The districts covers an area of 2668 square kilometers (of the total area of 78438 square kilometers of Assam). The district comprises two sub-divisions – Sivasagar and Nazira. The district of Sivasagar lies between 26.45°N and 27.15°N latitudes and 94.25°E and 95.25°E longitudes. The district is bounded by the Brahmaputra River to the north, Nagaland to the south, the Charaideo district to the east and the Jhanji River to the west. The Sivasagar district has acquired its distinct identity due to the co-existence of different races, tribes, languages and cultures.

Charaideo district
Charaideo district is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. It was formally declared a new district of the state on 15 August 2015 by then Chief Minister of Assam Tarun Gogoi. It has been carved out of Sivasagar district with Charaideo District as its administrative headquarter. It comes under Upper Assam division.
South Newton
South Newton is a village and civil parish about 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England. Topologically it lies between chalk downs to the north-east, and downland with Grovely Wood to the south-west. The village straddles the A36 road and is on the left bank of the River Wylye, which defines much of the western boundary of the parish; the eastern boundary follows the A360 Salisbury-Devizes road.

The parish includes the village of Stoford (not to be confused with Stoford, Somerset) and the hamlets of Little Wishford and Chilhampton. In 2011 the parish had a population of 819.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Real gas
Real gases are non-ideal gases whose molecules occupy space and have interactions; consequently, they do not adhere to the ideal gas law.
To understand the behaviour of real gases, the following must be taken into account:

compressibility effects;

variable specific heat capacity;

van der Waals forces;

non-equilibrium thermodynamic effects;

issues with molecular dissociation and elementary reactions with variable composition

For most applications, such a detailed analysis is unnecessary, and the ideal gas approximation can be used with reasonable accuracy. On the other hand, real-gas models have to be used near the condensation point of gases, near critical points, at very high pressures, to explain the Joule–Thomson effect, and in other less usual cases. The deviation from ideality can be described by the compressibility factor Z.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Zenith Radio Corp. v. Hazeltine Research, Inc.
Zenith Radio Corp. v. Hazeltine Research, Inc. is the caption of several United States Supreme Court patent–related decisions, the most significant of which is a 1969 patent–antitrust and patent–misuse decision concerning the levying of patent royalties on unpatented products.

Patent misuse
In United States patent law, patent misuse is a patent holder's use of a patent to restrain trade beyond enforcing the exclusive rights that a lawfully obtained patent provides. If a court finds that a patent holder committed patent misuse, the court may rule that the patent holder has lost the right to enforce the patent. Patent misuse that restrains economic competition substantially can also violate United States antitrust law.