hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ngaoundéré
Ngaoundéré or N'Gaoundéré (Fula: N'gamdere, نغَمْدٜرٜ‎, 𞤲'𞤺𞤢𞤥𞤣𞤫𞥅𞤪𞤫𞥅) is the capital of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon. It had a population of 152,700 at the 2005 census. According to the film Les Mairuuwas – Maitre de l'eau produced by the University of Tromsø, the population has rapidly risen to 1,200,000 (as of October 2023) owing to mass immigration from the Central African Republic and the perceived danger from Boko Haram in northern Cameroon.

The city lies at the northern end of the railway to Yaoundé and is also home to Ngaoundéré Airport. Attractions in the city include the Lamido Palace and the Lamido Grand Mosque. The town is named after a nearby mountain on its eponymous plateau; the mountain's name is the Mbum word for "navel mountain". "Ngaou" mean mountain in Mbum,  and "Ndare" mean navel in Mbum language. Because of this some people call the navel of Adamwa. Mount Ngaoundéré is rockey. On the top of mountain, large stone lies on it. Ngaoundéré is close to Lake Tison.

Garoua
Garoua (also Garua; Fula: 𞤺𞤢𞤪𞤱𞤢, Garwa) is a port city and the capital of the North Region of Cameroon, lying on the Benue River. A thriving centre of the textiles and cotton industries, the city has approximately 2,000,000 inhabitants in 2023, mostly Fulbe/Fulani people.
Lord Francis Douglas
Lord Francis William Bouverie Douglas (8 February 1847 – 14 July 1865) was a novice British mountaineer. After sharing in the first ascent of the Matterhorn, he died in a fall on the way down from the summit.

Lady Florence Dixie
Lady Florence Caroline Dixie (née Douglas; 24 May 1855 – 7 November 1905) was a Scottish writer, war correspondent, and feminist.  Her account of travelling Across Patagonia, her children's books The Young Castaways and Aniwee; or, The Warrior Queen, and her feminist utopia Gloriana; or, The Revolution of 1900 all deal with feminist themes related to girls, women, and their positions in society.
Xtalsoft
Xtalsoft (クリスタルソフト) was a Japanese software house established in 1982 to develop games for Japanese computers. Most of Xtalsoft's games are traditional role-playing games, with gameplay similar to that of Eye of the Beholder.

In July 1986, Xtalsoft was among six other companies to form the Disk Original Group, a collective publishing house for Famicom Disk System games headed by Square For their part, Xtalsoft developed Sword of Kalin under the Disk Original Group.

At the dawn of the 90s, Xtalsoft was experiencing management difficulties, and on October 1, 1990, they combined with T&E Soft to form T&E Soft's Osaka development department.

Xtalsoft's name is a blend of "crystal software," where "crystal" is abbreviated with the letter X, a common jargon abbreviation in written English. Originally, their name was written with an apostrophe as "X'TAL SOFT."

Currently, all Xtalsoft IPs are owned by D4 Enterprise.

Disk Original Group
Disk Original Group (ディスク・オリジナル・グループ,  Disuku Orijinaru Grūpu), usually abbreviated to DOG, was a video game development collective of seven companies led by Square. Together with six other companies that developed primarily for personal computers, they released several games for the Famicom Disk System in the mid-to-late 1980s.
Jack Rowe (golfer)
Arthur John "Jack" Rowe (1870 – 11 February 1962) was an English professional golfer. Rowe won a tournament at Westward Ho! in 1899 while his best finish in the Open Championship was in 1905 where he finished in a tie for 11th place. He played three times for England against Scotland between 1903 and 1907 and was a professional at Royal Ashdown Forest Golf Club for 55 years.

England–Scotland Professional Match
The England–Scotland Professional Match was an annual men's professional golf competition between teams representing England and Scotland. It was played from 1903 to the start of World War I and was then revived in 1932 and played until the start of World War II. The match was played on a single day, generally a few days before the Open Championship. Except on one occasion, there were 12 players in each team who played 12 singles matches and 6 foursomes. Scotland won the inaugural match in 1903 but didn't win another match, although three matches were tied. The event was organised by the PGA and only members of the PGA were eligible to play.
Ashton-in-Makerfield railway station
Ashton-in-Makerfield railway station was a railway station serving the town of Ashton-in-Makerfield, although it was located in the neighbouring village of Haydock, formerly in Lancashire (now Merseyside), England.

The station was located where Lodge Lane (A49) crossed the Liverpool, St Helens and South Lancashire Railway line from Lowton St Mary's to the original St Helens Central railway station.

Ashton-in-Makerfield
Ashton-in-Makerfield is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Wigan. As of the 2021 census, there was a population of 26,380.

Historically part of Lancashire, Ashton-in-Makerfield was a township in the parish of Newton-in-Makerfield (as Newton-le-Willows was once known), Winwick and hundred of West Derby. With neighbouring Haydock, Ashton-in-Makerfield was a chapelry, but the two were split in 1845. The place has long been a centre for the manufacture of locks and hinges, and it also sits on the Lancashire Coalfield, and was a coal mining district.
Jose Rizal-class frigate
The Jose Rizal class of multi-role general purpose frigates, currently in service with the Philippine Navy, are a heavily modified variant of the Republic of Korea Navy's Incheon-class frigates. The ships, which were built by Hyundai Heavy Industries (HHI), are specifically accommodated to fit the requirements of the Philippine Navy. The introduction of the frigates improved the capabilities of the Philippine Navy's Offshore Combat Force.

Kamorta-class corvette
The Kamorta-class corvettes or Project 28 are a class of anti-submarine warfare corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy. Built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, they are the first anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes to be built in India. Project 28 was approved in 2003, with construction of the lead ship, INS Kamorta commencing on 12 August 2005. All of the four corvettes, INS Kamorta, INS Kadmatt, INS Kiltan and INS Kavaratti were commissioned in 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2020 respectively.

The platform and major internal systems of this class of corvettes are indigenously designed and built. The corvettes are named after the islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago. The Kamorta-class corvettes are intended to succeed the Kora class by precedence and the Abhay class by role.
Cyathus striatus
Cyathus striatus, commonly known as the fluted bird's nest, is a common saprobic bird's nest fungus.

This fungus resembles a miniature bird's nest with numerous tiny "eggs"; the eggs, or peridioles, are actually lens-shaped bodies that contain spores. The color and size of this species can vary somewhat, but they are typically less than a centimeter wide and tall, and grey or brown in color. The common name splash cups alludes to the method of spore dispersal: the sides of the cup are angled such that falling drops of water can dislodge the peridioles and eject them from the cup. C. striatus can be distinguished from most other bird's nest fungi by its hairy exterior and grooved (striated) inner walls.

Although most frequently found growing on dead wood in open forests, it also grows on wood chip mulch in urban areas. The fruiting bodies are encountered from summer until early winter. with a widespread distribution throughout temperate regions of the world.

Nidulariaceae
The Nidulariaceae (from "nidulus": "small nest") are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Commonly known as the bird's nest fungi, their fruiting bodies resemble tiny egg-filled birds' nests. As they are saprobic, feeding on decomposing organic matter, they are often seen growing on decaying wood and in soils enriched with wood chips or bark mulch; they have a widespread distribution in most ecological regions. The five genera within the family, namely, Crucibulum, Cyathus, Mycocalia, Nidula, and Nidularia, are distinguished from each other by differences in morphology and peridiole structure; more recently, phylogenetic analysis and comparison of DNA sequences is guiding new decisions in the taxonomic organization of this family.
Martinsville, Virginia
Martinsville is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,485. A community of both Southside and Southwest Virginia, it is the county seat of Henry County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Martinsville with Henry County for statistical purposes.

Martinsville is the principal city of the Martinsville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes the communities and towns of Axton, Bassett, Chatmoss, Collinsville, Fieldale, Horsepasture, Laurel Park, Oak Level, Sandy Level, Stanleytown, Villa Heights, Spencer and Ridgeway. The Martinsville Micropolitan Area has a population of 63,765 as of the 2020 census.

The paper clip-shaped Martinsville Speedway, the shortest track in the NASCAR Cup Series at 0.526 miles (847 m) and one of the first paved "speedways", is located just outside the city near the town of Ridgeway.

Martinsville micropolitan area, Virginia
The Martinsville Micropolitan Statistical Area is a United States Micropolitan Statistical Area (USA) in Virginia, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of June, 2003. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 73,346 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 69,523).
Forbes Shire
Forbes Shire is a local government area in the central west region of New South Wales, Australia.  The Shire was formed in 1981 from the amalgamation of the Municipality of Forbes and the Shire of Jemalong resulting from the Local Government Areas Amalgamation Act 1980.

In addition to the town of Forbes, the Shire includes the town and villages of Bedgerebong, Bundbarrah, Corradgery, Daroobalgie, Eugowra, Ooma North and Paytens Bridge and Wirrinya.

Since September 2020, the mayor of Forbes Shire Council is Cr. Phyllis Miller and Deputy Mayor of Forbes Shire Council is Cr. Chris Roylance, who are both unaligned with any political party.

Eugowra
Eugowra is a town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is split between Forbes Shire and Cabonne Shire local government area, 341 kilometres (212 mi) west of the state capital, Sydney. At the 2016 census, Eugowra had a population of 779.
Welland Pirates
The Welland Pirates were a minor league baseball team located in Welland, Ontario.  The team played in the Short-Season A classification New York–Penn League from 1989 to 1994, and were affiliated with the Pittsburgh Pirates. Their home stadium was Welland Stadium.

When the Welland Pirates relocated to Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1995, they were renamed the Erie SeaWolves, who exist today as a member of the Double-A Eastern League.

Welland Stadium
Welland Stadium is a stadium in Welland, Ontario, Canada. It is primarily used for baseball and is the home of the Welland Jackfish of the Intercounty Baseball League.

Previously, the ballpark was the home of the Welland Pirates of the Short-Season A New York–Penn League who affiliated with the Pittsburgh Pirates, and the Niagara Stars of the Canadian Baseball League. The ballpark has a capacity of 3,241 people and was opened in 1989.
Robert Southwell (died 1598)
Sir Robert Southwell (1563–1598), of Woodrising, Norfolk, was an English politician.

Robert was the son of Sir Thomas Southwell and his second wife Mary, daughter of Sir Rice Mansel. Thomas's third wife was Nazaret or Nazareth Newton.

He was High Sheriff of Norfolk for 1589–90 and Vice-Admiral of Norfolk from 1585 to 1598. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Guildford in 1597.

Robert was an admiral in 1588 in the battle with the Spanish Armada, in command of the Elizabeth Jonas. His portrait was included in the Armada Tapestries.

In 1591 the Privy Council asked him, as Vice-Admiral, to adjudicate in the case of a Scottish ship belonging to an Edinburgh merchant Archibald Johnston wrecked on the coast of Norfolk.

He died on 12 October 1598 at Woodrising, and was buried on 16 November at Woodrising church. The chief mourner was his cousin Robert Mansell.

Nazareth Newton
Nazareth or Nazaret Newton (died 1583) was an English courtier and lady-in-waiting.

Nazareth Newton was the youngest daughter of Sir John Newton (d. 1568) of East Harptree, Somerset, and Barrs Court, Gloucestershire, and Margaret, daughter of Sir Anthony Poyntz of Iron Acton and Elizabeth Huddesfield.

At Harptree, the Newton family lived at Eastwood, a house built from the demolished stone of Richmont Castle.

Her sister Frances Newton, who married William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, was a lady of the bedchamber.

She was a chamberer to Queen Elizabeth in the 1560s.
Pull to par
Pull to Par is the effect in which the price of a bond converges to par value as time passes.  At maturity the price of a debt instrument in good standing should equal its par (or face value).

Another name for this effect is reduction of maturity.

It results from the difference between market interest rate and the nominal yield on the bond.

The Pull to Par effect is one of two factors that influence the market value of the bond and its volatility (the second one is the level of market interest rates).

Par value
In finance and accounting, par value means stated value or face value of a financial instrument. Expressions derived from this term include at par (equal to par value), above par (greater than par value), below par (smaller than par value) and no-par (has no par value).
Yazdegerd III
Yazdegerd III (also Romanized as Yazdgerd, Yazdgird) was the last Sasanian King of Kings from 632 to 651. His father was Shahriyar and his grandfather was Khosrow II.

Ascending the throne at the age of eight, the young shah lacked authority and reigned as a figurehead, whilst real power was in the hands of the army commanders, courtiers, and powerful members of the aristocracy, who engaged in internecine warfare. The Sasanian Empire was weakened severely by these internal conflicts, resulting in invasions by the Göktürks from the east, and Khazars from the west. Yazdegerd was unable to contain the Rashidun conquest of Iran, and spent most of his reign fleeing from one province to another in the vain hope of raising an army. Yazdegerd met his end at the hands of a miller near Merv in 651, bringing an end to the last pre-Islamic Iranian empire after more than 400 years of rule.

Mahoe Suri
Māhōē Sūrī, known in Islamic sources as Māhūy Sūrī, was an Iranian aristocrat, who served as the marzbān (general of a frontier province, "margrave") of Merv during the reign of the last Sasanian king of kings Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651).
Dainaka Lake Minami Site
The Lake Dainaka South Site  (大中の湖南遺跡, Dainaka-no-ko Minami iseki)  is an archaeological site containing the ruins of an early-middle Yayoi period settlement, located in what is now part of the city of Ōmihachiman, Shiga Prefecture in the Kinki region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1973.

Ōmihachiman
Ōmihachiman (近江八幡市, Ōmihachiman-shi) is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 82,233 in 34747 households and a population density of 570 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 76.97 square kilometres (29.72 sq mi).
Old Fourth Ward
The Old Fourth Ward, often abbreviated O4W, is a historic intown neighborhood on the eastside of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The neighborhood is best known as the location of the Martin Luther King Jr. historic site.

Eastside, Atlanta
Eastside refers to the city district comprising the easternmost portion of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The Eastside generally encompasses the area bounded on the west by Midtown Atlanta and Downtown Atlanta and on the east by the city limits. The central corridor of the district is the BeltLine Eastside Trail, which connects northern Eastside neighborhoods with those to the south. The Eastside is known for its nightlife establishments, craftsman architecture, local eateries, and quirky public art.
Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone
Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5C)4C4C=O. It is classified as a cyclic dienone. It is a dark purple to black crystalline solid that is soluble in organic solvents.  It is an easily made building block for many organic and organometallic compounds.

Dienone
A dienone is a class of organic compounds with the general formula (R2C=CR)2C=O, where R is any substituent, but often H.  They are formally "derived from 1,4-diene compounds by conversion of a –CH2– group into –C(=O)– group", resulting in "a conjugated structure".  They are a kind of enone.  The class includes some heterocyclic compounds.
Kisumu District
Kisumu District was an administrative district of Nyanza Province in western Kenya. Its headquarters was Kisumu. It had a population of 504,359 (as of 1999) and a land area of 919 km². The main industries were subsistence agriculture and fishery on Lake Victoria. Kisumu Town was the main commercial centre in western Kenya. The district was created after Central Nyanza District, renamed from Central Kavirondo District, was in 1968, split into Kisumu and Siaya districts. Kisumu district was split up further. In 2013, Kisumu County was officially effected; all districts that were carved out of Kisumu District after 1992 were reconsolidated into the county.

Central Nyanza District
Central Nyanza was an administrative district of Nyanza Province in western Kenya. It was headquartered in Kisumu. Created as Kisumu District in 1902, after the eastern region of Uganda was transferred to the East Africa Protectorate. At the time the district was under Kisumu Province, later renamed Nyanza Province in 1909. There were boundary alterations between 1920 and 1921, leading to the district being renamed Central Kavirondo. In 1948, Central Kavirondo was renamed Central Nyanza.

The district was one of the forty districts recognised in the  independence Constitution of Kenya. The district returned one member of Parliament to the Senate of Kenya until the senate was abolished in 1966, when the district became purely administrative.

In 1968, Central Nyanza District, split into Kisumu and Siaya districts. The now defunct Central Nyanza District covers the present-day Kisumu and Siaya counties.
Mårbacka
Mårbacka is a manor house in Sunne Municipality in Värmland, Sweden. The first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, Selma Lagerlöf, was born and raised at Mårbacka. Today, the manor building and the surrounding area is kept as a memorial museum honoring her literary career.

Sunne Municipality
Sunne Municipality (Swedish: Sunne kommun) is a municipality in Värmland County in west central Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Sunne.

The present municipality was created in 1971 when the market town (köping) Sunne (instituted in 1920) was amalgamated with Gräsmark and Lysvik.
Richard Shepherd
Sir Richard Charles Scrimgeour Shepherd (6 December 1942 – 19 February 2022) was a British politician who was Member of Parliament for Aldridge-Brownhills from 1979 to 2015. A Eurosceptic, Shepherd was one of the Maastricht Rebels that had the whip withdrawn over opposition to Prime Minister John Major's legislation on the European Union. Shepherd was also a libertarian Conservative, and had a three line whip imposed against him by Margaret Thatcher when he introduced an amendment to loosen the Official Secrets Act 1911.

Aldridge-Brownhills
Aldridge-Brownhills (/ˈɔːldrɪdʒ ˈbraʊnhɪlz/ AWL-drij BROWN-hilz) is a constituency in the West Midlands, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It has been represented since 2015 by Wendy Morton, a Conservative.
Samuel Sandbach
Samuel Sandbach (1769 – 26 April 1851) was successively bailiff, coroner and Mayor of Liverpool, as well as High Sheriff of Denbighshire and a Justice of the Peace for Lancashire. He made his fortune as a merchant in a partnership that traded with the West Indies and owned slaves.

High Sheriff of Denbighshire
The first High Sheriff of Denbighshire was John Salusbury, snr, appointed in 1540.  The shrievalty of Denbighshire, together with that of Flintshire, continued until 1974 when it was abolished after the county and shrievalty of Clwyd was created.

The role High Sheriff in each county is the oldest secular office under the Crown.  The High Sheriff changed every March. Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.
John Swynnerton (MP for Staffordshire)
John Swynnerton (c. 1349 – c. 1427) was an English politician.

He was the son and heir of Sir John Swynnerton of Hilton, Staffordshire and his wife Christine and succeeded his father in 1379.

He was hereditary steward of the forest of Cannock, Staffordshire from 1380 to his death. He was appointed High Sheriff of Staffordshire for 1391–1392 and Escheator for Staffordshire for 1401–1402.

He was elected MP for Staffordshire in 1402.

He married Clemency and had five sons. He was succeeded by his grandson John.

High Sheriff of Staffordshire
This is a list of the sheriffs and high sheriffs of Staffordshire.

The sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. The sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. From 1204 to 1344 the High Sheriff of Staffordshire also served as Sheriff of Shropshire.

Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as sheriff was retitled high sheriff. The high sheriff changes every March.
Rural Reconstruction Movement
The Rural Reconstruction Movement was started in China in the 1920s by Y.C. James Yen, Liang Shuming and others to revive the Chinese village. They strove for a middle way, independent of the Nationalist government but in competition with the radical revolutionary approach to the village espoused by Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party.

Dingzhou
Dingzhou, formerly romanized Tingchow and formerly known as Ding County or Dingxian, is a county-level city in the prefecture-level city of Baoding in Hebei Province, China. As of 2020, Dingzhou had a population of 1.1 million. Dingzhou has 3 subdistricts, 13 towns, 8 townships, and 1 ethnic township. Dingzhou is about halfway between Baoding and Shijiazhuang, 196 kilometers (122 mi) southwest of Beijing, and 68 kilometers (42 mi) northeast of Shijiazhuang.
John I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
John I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (1260 – 5 June 1291) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.

He was the eldest son of Bernhard I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Princess Sophie, daughter of King Abel of Denmark.

Bernhard I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
Bernhard I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (c. 1218–1287) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.

He was the second son of Henry I, Count of Anhalt (who was elevated to the rank of prince in 1218), by his wife Irmgard, daughter of Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia.