hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christien Rioux
Christien Rioux, also known by his handle DilDog, is the co-founder and chief scientist for the Burlington, Massachusetts based company Veracode, for which he is the main patent holder.

Educated at MIT, Rioux was a computer security researcher at L0pht Heavy Industries and then at the company @stake (later bought by Symantec). While at @stake, he looked for security weaknesses in software and led the development of Smart Risk Analyzer (SRA). He co-authored the best-selling Windows password auditing tool @stake LC (L0phtCrack) and the AntiSniff network intrusion detection system.

He is also a member of Cult of the Dead Cow and its Ninja Strike Force. Formerly, he was a member of L0pht.

DilDog is best known as the author of the original code for Back Orifice 2000, an open source remote administration tool. He is also well known as the author of "The Tao of Windows Buffer Overflow."

@stake
ATstake, Inc. (stylized as @stake) was a computer security professional services company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1999 by Battery Ventures (Tom Crotty, Sunil Dhaliwal, and Scott Tobin) and Ted Julian. Its initial core team of technologists included Dan Geer (Chief Technical Officer) and the East Coast security team from Cambridge Technology Partners (including Dave Goldsmith). Its initial core team of executives included Christopher Darby (Chief Executive Officer), James T. Mobley (Chief Operating Officer), and Christina Luconi (Chief People Officer).
Palewyami Yokuts
Palewyami, also known as Altinin and Poso Creek Yokuts, was a major dialect of the Yokuts language of California, or possibly a distinct but closely related language.

Palewyami was spoken in Kern County, along Poso Creek. The language has not been spoken since the 1930s.

Yokuts language
Yokuts (/ˈjoʊkəts/), formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, all constituent dialects apart from Valley Yokuts are now extinct.

The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much linguistic research.
Elen ferch Llywelyn
Elen ferch Llywelyn (c. 1207 – 1253) was the daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd in North Wales by Joan, Lady of Wales, the illegitimate daughter of King John of England.

Elen married John of Scotland, 9th Earl of Huntingdon, in about 1222.  He died aged thirty in 1237, and she was forced by King Henry III (her mother's half-brother) to marry Sir Robert de Quincy, the son of Saer de Quincy. Their daughter, Hawise, married Baldwin Wake, Lord Wake of Liddell. Hawise's granddaughter, Margaret Wake, was the mother of Joan of Kent, the first English Princess of Wales.

Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell
Margaret Wake, suo jure 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell and Countess of Kent (c. 1297 – 19 September 1349), was the wife of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, the youngest surviving son of Edward I of England and Margaret of France.
Phacelia cookei
Phacelia cookei is a rare species of phacelia known by the common name Cooke's phacelia. It is endemic to Siskiyou County, California, where it is known from just a few occurrences in the forest and scrub around Mount Shasta. The substrate in the area is sandy, ashy volcanic soil.

It is an annual herb growing in a small, flat mat or with a short upright stem a few centimeters high. It is blue-green in color, succulent, and lightly hairy. The oval, smooth-edged leaves are one or two centimeters long and borne on short petioles. The hairy inflorescence is a one-sided curving or coiling cyme of several tiny bell-shaped flowers. Each flower is white with lavender veining, about half a millimeter wide and no more than 2 millimeters long.

Phacelia
Phacelia (phacelia, scorpionweed, heliotrope) is a genus of about 200 species of annual or perennial herbaceous plants in the family Hydrophyllaceae, native to North and South America. California is particularly rich in species with over 90 recorded in the region.

The genus includes both annual and perennial species. Many have been cultivated as garden and honey plants.

The mining bee Andrena phaceliae is a specialist pollinator of this genus in the Eastern United States.
U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield
U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield is a military airfield of the Royal Thai Navy (RTN) approximately 140 kilometres (87 mi) southeast of Bangkok in the Ban Chang District of Rayong Province near Sattahip on the Gulf of Thailand. It serves as the home of the RTN First Air Wing.

Kadena Air Base
Kadena Air Base (嘉手納飛行場, Kadena Hikōjō) (IATA: DNA, ICAO: RODN) is a United States Air Force base in the towns of Kadena and Chatan and the city of Okinawa, in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is often referred to as the "Keystone of the Pacific" because of its highly strategic location. It is located 650 km (400 mi) off the coast of China and at a distance of 770 km (480 mi) from Shanghai, a major Chinese economic hub. It is home to the USAF's 18th Wing, the 353rd Special Operations Wing, reconnaissance units, 1st Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, and a variety of associated units. Over 20,000 American servicemembers, family members, and Japanese employees live or work at Kadena Air Base. It is the largest and most active U.S. Air Force base in East Asia.
American Truck Simulator
American Truck Simulator is a truck simulator game developed and published by SCS Software. It was first announced as being in development in September 2013 and unveiled at the E3 2015. It was released on February 2, 2016 for Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS. The game is the parallel to Euro Truck Simulator 2, the spiritual successor of 18 Wheels of Steel, and the fifth installment in the Truck Simulator series. The game is set in a condensed depiction of the United States, featuring American conventional semi-trucks and various locations across the U.S., where players pick up a variety of cargos and deliver them to their destinations.

Since its release, the game has sold over 6 million copies.

SCS Software
SCS Software s.r.o. is a video game developer based in Prague, Czech Republic. It primarily produces simulation games for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux, including the 18 Wheels of Steel and Truck Simulator series. The name is an initialism based on the surnames of the three founders, Pavel Šebor, Martin Český and Petr Šebor.
Metropolitan Tract
The Metropolitan Tract is an area of land in downtown Seattle owned by the University of Washington. Originally covering 10 acres (40,000 m2), the 1962 purchase of land for a garage for the Olympic Hotel expanded the plot to 11 acres (45,000 m2). The Metropolitan Tract is primarily located in a rectangle formed by Seneca St., Third Ave., Union St., and Sixth Ave.

Downtown Seattle
Downtown is the central business district of Seattle, Washington. It is fairly compact compared with other city centers on the U.S. West Coast due to its geographical situation, being hemmed in on the north and east by hills, on the west by Elliott Bay, and on the south by reclaimed land that was once tidal flats. It is bounded on the north by Denny Way, beyond which are Lower Queen Anne (sometimes known as "Uptown"), Seattle Center, and South Lake Union; on the east by Interstate 5, beyond which is Capitol Hill to the northeast and Central District to the east; on the south by S Dearborn Street, beyond which is Sodo; and on the west by Elliott Bay, a part of Puget Sound.
Monument to North Carolina Women of the Confederacy
The Monument to North Carolina Women of the Confederacy was installed in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States in 1914. It was designed by Augustus Lukeman. It was located in the surrounds of the North Carolina State Capitol, until its removal on June 21, 2020, during the protests following the murder of George Floyd.

North Carolina State Capitol
The North  Carolina State Capitol is the former seat of the legislature of the U.S. state of North Carolina which housed all of the state's government until 1888. The Supreme Court and State Library moved into a separate building in 1888, and the General Assembly moved into the State Legislative Building in 1963. Today, the governor and his immediate staff occupy offices on the first floor of the Capitol.
Ardlamont Point
Ardlamont Point is a headland in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is the southern-most point of the Cowal peninsular, situated in the far south-west of that peninsular. Ardlamont House, with its surrounding estate, lies to the north of the point.

Offshore of the point, the waters of Loch Fyne, to the west, and the Kyles of Bute, to the east, meet the Firth of Clyde, to the south. The sandy beach of Kilbride Bay is 2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the north-west.

Firth of Clyde
The Firth of Clyde is the estuary of the River Clyde, on the west coast of Scotland. The Firth has some of the deepest coastal waters of the British Isles and is sheltered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Kintyre Peninsula.  The Firth lies between West Dunbartonshire in the north, Argyll and Bute in the west, and Inverclyde, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire in the east. Kilbrannan Sound is a large arm of the Firth, separating the Kintyre Peninsula from the Isle of Arran. The Kyles of Bute separates the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula. The Sound of Bute separates the islands of Bute and Arran.

The Highland Boundary Fault crosses the Firth.  The Firth also played a vital military role during World War II.

The Firth is sometimes called the Clyde Waters or Clyde Sea. It is customarily considered to be part of the Irish Sea.
GNOME Evolution
GNOME Evolution (formerly Novell Evolution and Ximian Evolution, before Novell acquired Ximian in 2003) is the official personal information manager for GNOME. It has been an official part of GNOME since Evolution 2.0 was included with the GNOME 2.8 release in September 2004. It combines email, address book, calendar, task list, and note-taking features. Its user interface and functions are similar to Microsoft Outlook. Evolution is free software licensed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).

Microsoft Exchange Server
Microsoft Exchange Server is a mail server and calendaring server developed by Microsoft. It runs exclusively on Windows Server operating systems.

The first version was called Exchange Server 4.0, to position it as the successor to the related Microsoft Mail 3.5. Exchange initially used the X.400 directory service but switched to Active Directory later. Until version 5.0, it came bundled with an email client called Microsoft Exchange Client. This was discontinued in favor of Microsoft Outlook.

Exchange Server primarily uses a proprietary protocol called MAPI to talk to email clients, but subsequently added support for POP3, IMAP, and EAS. The standard SMTP protocol is used to communicate to other Internet mail servers.

Exchange Server is licensed both as on-premises software and software as a service (SaaS). In the on-premises form, customers purchase client access licenses (CALs); as SaaS, Microsoft charges a monthly service fee instead.
Prelate of Honour of His Holiness
A Prelate of Honour of His Holiness is a Catholic prelate to whom the Pope has granted this title of honour.

They are addressed as Monsignor (typically abbreviated 'Mgr') and have certain privileges as regards clerical clothing.

Protonotary apostolic
In the Catholic Church, protonotary apostolic  (PA; Latin: protonotarius apostolicus) is the title for a member of the highest non-episcopal college of prelates in the Roman Curia or, outside Rome, an honorary prelate on whom the pope has conferred this title and its special privileges. An example is Prince Georg of Bavaria (1880–1943), who became in 1926 protonotary by papal decree.
Prime-counting function
In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. It is denoted by π(x) (unrelated to the number π).

A symmetric variant seen sometimes is π0(x), which is equal to π(x) − 1⁄2 if x is exactly a prime number, and equal to π(x) otherwise.  That is, the number of prime numbers less than x, plus half if x equals a prime.

Logarithmic integral function
In mathematics, the logarithmic integral function or integral logarithm li(x) is a special function. It is relevant in problems of physics and has number theoretic significance. In particular, according to the prime number theorem, it is a very good approximation to the prime-counting function, which is defined as the number of prime numbers less than or equal to a given value x.
Catholic Diocese of Bergen
The Catholic Diocese of Bergen or Diocese of Bjørgvin in Norway existed from the eleventh century to the Protestant Reformation (1537), and included the (modern) Vestland county (with exception of the parishes Eidfjord and Røldal).

Originally (from 1068) the diocese served all the area of Gulating: the modern counties of Vestland, Rogaland, and Agder - and the regions of Sunnmøre, Valdres and Hallingdal.

When the Diocese of Stavanger was established, around 1125, the counties of Rogaland, Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder were transferred to the new diocese - together with the regions of Valdres and Hallingdal (and the parishes of Eidfjord and Røldal from Hordaland).

The region Sunnmøre was transferred to the Archdiocese of Nidaros some time after 1152 - to secure more income for the Archdiocese.

Munkeliv Abbey
Munkeliv Abbey (Norwegian: Munkeliv kloster) was a Benedictine abbey located at Nordnes in Bergen, Norway. It was one of the oldest monasteries in Norway, and also one of the wealthiest and best-documented. There are no visible remains today.
Coastal towers in Salento
Salento is dotted with watchtowers which were constructed to sight seaborne invaders, including those coming from Turkey. Many of the towers were built in the 16th century. The towers come in a variety of designs, including a truncated cone, a truncated pyramid, a fortified masserie, a tower masserie, and a closed-courtyard Masseria. After their initial function as lookout posts for sighting seaborne threats became redundant, many of the towers were either "abandoned or used as a place to store agricultural tools". Subsidence has affected the tower structures.

This is the list in a clockwise direction from the province of Brindisi and culminating in the Province of Taranto.

Salento
Salento (Italian: [saˈlɛnto]; Salentino: Salentu; Salento Griko: Σαλέντο) is a cultural, historical, and geographic region at the southern end of the administrative region of Apulia, in southern Italy. It is a sub-peninsula of the Italian Peninsula, sometimes described as the "heel" of the Italian "boot". It encompasses the entire administrative area of the Province of Lecce, most of the Province of Brindisi (all of it except Fasano, Ostuni and Cisternino), and the south-eastern part of the Province of Taranto (like Grottaglie and Avetrana, but not Taranto itself).
Estonian Air Force
The Estonian Air Force (Estonian: Eesti Õhuvägi, [ˈeˑstʲi] ⓘ[ˈɤhuvæki] ⓘ) is the aviation branch of the Estonian Defence Forces. The air force traces its history to 1918, and was re-established in its current form in 1991.

As of 2024, the Estonian Air Force has a strength of ~400 personnel. It operates unarmed aircraft and several radar systems and IRIS-T SLM Air Defence systems. Its main tasks are to provide surveillance of Estonian air space and support the country's ground forces. In addition, the air force hosts units from other NATO countries at its single operational air base.

NATO Integrated Air Defense System
The NATO Integrated Air Defense System (short: NATINADS) is a command and control network combining radars and other facilities spread throughout the NATO alliance's air defence forces. It formed in the mid-1950s and became operational in 1962 as NADGE. It has been constantly upgraded since its formation, notably with the integration of airborne early warning aircraft in the 1970s. The United Kingdom maintained its own network, but was fully integrated with the network since the introduction of the Linesman/Mediator network in the 1970s. Similarly, the German network maintained an independent nature through GEADGE.
Wimborne Minster Town Hall
Wimborne Minster Town Hall is a municipal building in West Borough in Wimborne Minster, a town in Dorset, in England. The building, which currently accommodates the offices and meeting place of Wimborne Minster Town Council, is a Grade II listed building.

Wimborne Minster
Wimborne Minster (often referred to as Wimborne, /ˈwɪmbɔːrn/) is a market town in Dorset in South West England, and the name of the Church of England church in that town. It lies at the confluence of the River Stour and the River Allen, 5 miles (8 km) north of Poole, on the Dorset Heaths, and is part of the South East Dorset conurbation. According to Office for National Statistics data the population of the Wimborne Minster built-up area as of 2014 was 15,552.

The name Wimborne derives from the Old English winnburna meaning 'stream by a pasture'.
Czech Hockey Games
The Czech Hockey Games, also sponsored as Betano Hockey Games, is an annual ice hockey event held in Czech Republic. It is part of the Euro Hockey Tour. It was previously sponsored as the Pragobanka Cup, Česká Pojišťovna Cup, KAJOTbet Hockey Games, and Carlson Hockey Games.

Euro Hockey Tour
The Euro Hockey Tour (EHT) is an annual ice hockey tournament open to national teams of the Czech Republic, Finland, Switzerland and Sweden. The competition is regarded as a preparation for the upcoming World Championships or Olympics, allowing less experienced players to collect valuable ice time in their national colours.
Shuttleworth College, Bedfordshire
52°05′06″N 0°19′37″W﻿ / ﻿52.085°N 0.327°W﻿ / 52.085; -0.327

Shuttleworth College is a specialist land-based further education college in Old Warden, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom. Shuttleworth College is a member of the Bedford College Group, and the Landex organisation.

Land based college
In the United Kingdom, land-based colleges are colleges specialising in agriculture, horticulture, and other topics useful for rural economies. Most land-based colleges are members of Landex, which promotes and coordinates the colleges.
Forced assimilation of Talysh people in Azerbaijan
Talysh people were subjected to forced assimilation policy in Azerbaijan SSR. The policy was carried out jointly with the creation and propagation of the narratives by the authorities of the Azerbaijan SSR and Soviet ethnographers, alleging the "complete and voluntary assimilation of Talysh people into Azerbaijanis" in Soviet Azerbaijan. The narrative was created to justify the assimilation policy of the leadership of the Azerbaijan SSR towards the Talysh people and was distributed through various means, including encyclopedias, maps and textbooks. A similar policy was also pursued in relation to the Tats, Georgian-Ingiloy and other peoples of the Azerbaijan SSR (see Forced assimilation in Azerbaijan). An alternative to assimilation during the time of Stalin was deportation for those close to borders.

Deportation of the Talysh people
The Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered the deportation the Talysh population from areas bordering Iran, with the aim of ethnic cleansing and internal changes in the ethnic composition of certain areas.: 173–174  It was carried out in Central Asia and in the Kura-Araks zone of the Azerbaijan SSR.
Hot-bulb engine
The hot-bulb engine, also known as a semi-diesel or Akroyd engine, is a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignites by coming in contact with a red-hot metal surface inside a bulb, followed by the introduction of air (oxygen) compressed into the hot-bulb chamber by the rising piston. There is some ignition when the fuel is introduced, but it quickly uses up the available oxygen in the bulb. Vigorous ignition takes place only when sufficient oxygen is supplied to the hot-bulb chamber on the compression stroke of the engine.

Most hot-bulb engines were produced as one or two-cylinder, low-speed two-stroke, crankcase-scavenged units.

Pythagoras Mechanical Workshop Museum
Pythagoras Mechanical Workshop Museum (Swedish: Pythagoras industrimuseum) is located in the premises of the earlier engine factory Pythagoras at the town of Norrtälje in the province of Uppland in Sweden. At the museum, production facilities and working conditions from the first half of the 20th century are on display. The factory produced hot bulb engines and spare parts for them from 1908 up to closure of the workshop in 1979. The engine factory is an industrial heritage site, complete with functioning production lines and offices.
Gilze-Rijen Air Base
Gilze-Rijen Air Base (Dutch: Vliegbasis Gilze-Rijen, IATA: GLZ, ICAO: EHGR) is a military airbase in the south of Netherlands. It is known for having the hottest temperature ever measured in the Netherlands, with a temperature of 40.7 °C, on July 25, 2019. It is between the cities of Breda and Tilburg, which are both in North Brabant. The airport is mainly, but not exclusively, used as a base for Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force helicopters. The airfield has two runways, the longest one is complete with an instrument landing system (ILS) and is 2,779 metres (9,117 ft) long by 45 m (148 ft) wide in the 10/28 direction. The shorter runway (without ILS) is 1,996 m (6,549 ft) by 30 m (98 ft) in the 02/20 direction.

Fokker S-11
The Fokker S-11 Instructor is a single-engine two-seater propeller aircraft designed and manufactured by the Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker. It first flew in December 1947 and went on production, serving in several Air Forces in the late 20th century, including with Dutch, Italian, Israeli, Paraguay, Bolivian and Brazilian armed forces. The S-12 was a tricycle landing version of this aircraft.
Escalaplano
Escalaplano (Italian: [eskalaˈplaːno]; Sardinian: Scalepranu or Iscalepranu [(i)skalɛˈβɾanu]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Cagliari.

Escalaplano borders the following municipalities: Ballao, Esterzili, Goni, Orroli, Perdasdefogu, Seui, Villaputzu.

Ballao
Ballao (Sardinian: Ballau) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Cagliari, in the Gerrei traditional subregion.

It was founded around 1300, when the inhabitants of the ancient hill village of Nuraxi moved  in the nearby plain, nearer to the Flumendosa river, to improve their agricultural output. It is home to the Funtana Coberta, a Bronze Age archaeological site.

Ballao borders the following municipalities: Armungia, Escalaplano, Goni, Perdasdefogu, San Nicolò Gerrei, Silius, Villaputzu.
Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.

Per cent mille
A per cent mille, or pcm, is a hundred-thousandth, or a thousandth of a percent. It can be thought of as a "milli-percent". It is commonly used in epidemiology, and in nuclear reactor engineering as a unit of reactivity.