hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andreas Hillgruber
Andreas Fritz Hillgruber (18 January 1925 – 8 May 1989) was a conservative German historian who was influential as a military and diplomatic historian who played a leading role in the Historikerstreit of the 1980s. In his controversial book Zweierlei Untergang, he wrote that historians should "identify" with the Wehrmacht fighting on the Eastern Front and asserted that there was no moral difference between Allied policies towards Germany in 1944 and 1945 and the genocide waged against the Jews. The British historian Richard J. Evans wrote that Hillgruber was a great historian whose once-sterling reputation was in ruins as a result of the Historikerstreit.

Diplomatic history
Diplomatic history deals with the history of international relations between states. Diplomatic history can be different from international relations in that the former can concern itself with the foreign policy of one state while the latter deals with relations between two or more states. Diplomatic history tends to be more concerned with the history of diplomacy, but international relations concern more with current events and creating a model intended to shed explanatory light on international politics.
Shin-Hōsono Station
Shin-Hōsono Station (新祝園駅, Shin-Hōsono-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Seika, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway. t is station number B21. It is one of the major stations of the Kansai Science City.

Seika, Kyoto
Seika (精華町, Seika-chō) is a town located in Sōraku District, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2023 the town has an estimated population of 36,542 in 15,468 households and a population density of 1,400 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 25.68 square kilometres (9.92 sq mi).
Rabben Ridge
Rabben Ridge (71°52′S 2°49′E﻿ / ﻿71.867°S 2.817°E﻿ / -71.867; 2.817) is a small, isolated ridge about 5 nautical miles (9 km) north of Stabben Mountain in the north part of the Gjelsvik Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Rabben (the small elongated elevation).

Stabben
Stabben is a prominent mountain immediately north of Mayr Ridge in the north part of the Gjelsvik Mountains, Queen Maud Land, which constitutes the northernmost part of Jutulsessen. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–1952), led by John Schjelderup Giæver and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named "Stabben" (the stump).
Willie B.
Willie B. (c. 1958 – February 2, 2000) was a western lowland gorilla who lived at the Zoo of Atlanta for 39 years, from 1961 until his death on February 2, 2000. He was named after the former mayor of Atlanta, William Berry Hartsfield. Willie B. was kept in isolation for 27 years with only a television and a tire swing to keep him company. In 1988, he was moved to an outside exhibit and allowed to socialize and raise a family. He then embraced his role as silverback and leader of a troop.

Willie B. was the second gorilla known by that name at Zoo Atlanta. The previous Willie B. had died aged 3 shortly before the better-known successor was purchased. Both Willie B.'s had been purchased from international gorilla hunter Dr. Deets Pickett of Kansas City. The second Willie B. cost $5,500 to obtain for the zoo.

Zoo Atlanta
Zoo Atlanta (sometimes referred to as the Atlanta Zoo) is an Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) accredited zoo in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The current president and CEO of Zoo Atlanta is Raymond B. King.
Novosilsky Uyezd
Novosilsky Uyezd (Новосильский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tula Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Novosil.

Tula Governorate
Tula Governorate (Russian: Тульская губерния, romanized: Tul'skaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR. The governate existed from 1796 to 1929; its seat was in the city of Tula. It was divided into 12 districts. The main towns were Alexin, Bogoroditsk, Byelev, Chern, Epifan, Efremov, Kashira, Krapivna, Novosil, Odoyev, Tula, and Venev.
Hypostomus denticulatus
Hypostomus denticulatus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Corumbá River in the Paraná River basin in Brazil. It is typically found in turbid waters with a substrate composed of rocks with some amount of sand. It is known to be syntopic with other loricariid species in the genus Hypostomus, including Hypostomus ancistroides, H. heraldoi, H. iheringii, H. margaritifer, and H. regani. The species reaches 19.1 cm (7.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Hypostomus denticulatus was described in 2008 by Cláudio H. Zawadzki (of the State University of Maringá), Claude Weber, and C. S. Pavanelli (also of the State University of Maringá), alongside the aforementioned related and syntopic species H. heraldoi.

Hypostomus iheringii
Hypostomus iheringii is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is occurs in the Paraná River drainage basin, being known from the Tietê River basin as well as the Corumbá River, where it is syntopic with Hypostomus ancistroides, H. denticulatus, H. heraldoi, H. margaritifer, and H. regani. The species reaches 11.6 cm (4.6 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Cummins Aeos
The Cummins Aeos is a concept electric-powered semi-truck tractor unit, an Urban Hauler Tractor, designed by Cummins. The vehicle is named after Aeos, the flying horse, one of four, of Greek mythology that pulled the chariot of the god Helios across the sky; and the Sun with it. It is the first fully electric heavy-duty truck revealed to the public, and the first electric model from Cummins. The aerodynamic semi truck body was designed by Cummins partner Roush Industries, while Cummins focused on the battery and driveline systems.

Cummins
Cummins Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and distributes diesel engines, electric vehicle components, and power generation products. Cummins also services engines and related equipment, including fuel systems, air handling systems controls, filtration, emission control, electrical power generation systems, and engine control units.

Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana, Cummins sells in approximately 190 countries and territories through a network of more than 600 company-owned and independent distributors and approximately 7,200 dealers.
Old People's Home (Omaha)
The Old People's Home, presently known as Leo Vaughan Senior Manor, is located at 3325 Fontenelle Boulevard in the Florence neighborhood on the north side of Omaha, Nebraska. Built in 1917, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Florence, Nebraska
Florence was a historic municipality in Nebraska. Founded in 1854, the Nebraska Territory Legislature first incorporated it as a town in 1855 and then incorporated it as a city in 1857. In 1917, it was annexed by the City of Omaha and ceased to exist as an independent municipality. Since then it has been a neighborhood located in North Omaha.
Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik (Korean: 백남준; pronunciation (Korean name order)ⓘ; July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a South Korean artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the founder of video art. He is credited with the first use (1974) of the term "electronic super highway" to describe the future of telecommunications.

Born in Seoul to a wealthy business family, Paik trained as a classical musician, spending time in Japan and West Germany, where he joined the Fluxus collective and developed a friendship with experimental composer John Cage. He moved to New York City in 1964 and began working with cellist Charlotte Moorman to create performance art. Soon after, he began to incorporate televisions and video tape recorders into his work, acquiring growing fame. A stroke in 1996 left him partially paralyzed for the last decade of his life.

National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art
The National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Korea (MMCA; Korean: 국립현대미술관; Hanja: 國立現代美術館) is a contemporary art museum with four branches in Gwacheon, Deoksugung, Seoul and Cheongju. The museum was first established in 1969 as the only national art museum in the country accommodating modern and contemporary art of Korea and international art of different time periods.
Trofeo de Campeones de la Superliga Argentina
The Trofeo de Campeones de la Superliga Argentina was an official national football cup of Argentina organized by the Superliga Argentina de Fútbol (SAF). The competition intended to be an annual contest nevertheless it was discontinued (along with Copa de la Superliga) after AFA dissolved the SAF in 2020.

The Trofeo de Campeones was succeeded by Trofeo de Campeones de la Liga Profesional, organised by the AFA through its body "Liga Profesional de Fútbol".

Trofeo de Campeones de la Liga Profesional
The Trofeo de Campeones de la Liga Profesional (English: Professional League Champions Trophy) is an official national football cup of Argentina organized by the Argentine Football Association (AFA) and contested by the winners of the Apertura Tournament and Clausura Tournament.

The competition is successor of Trofeo de Campeones organised by defunct Superliga Argentina, which was only played once.
Greenwood Gardens
40°44′39″N 74°18′27″W﻿ / ﻿40.7442°N 74.3075°W﻿ / 40.7442; -74.3075

Greenwood Gardens is a 28-acre (11 ha) formal Italianate garden located in the Short Hills section of Millburn, in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It is located at 274 Old Short Hills Rd, Short Hills, NJ 07078.

Short Hills, New Jersey
Short Hills is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) situated within Millburn, in Essex County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey, and part of the New York metropolitan area. The community is a commuter town for residents who work in Manhattan. As of the 2020 census, the CDP's population was 14,422.

In the Forbes magazine's rankings of the Most Expensive ZIP Codes in the United States, Short Hills was listed among the top 100 nationwide, coming in 66th in 2006 (with a median sale price of $1,200,000) and 67th in 2012 (median of $1,951,846). The median household income in Short Hills, according to the United States Census Bureau, exceeded $250,000 in the period from 2018-2022, while per capita income, as of the 2020 United States Census, was $153,124.

Short Hills is home to the upscale Mall at Short Hills, also known as the Short Hills Mall, located near affluent communities in neighboring Morris and Union counties along the Passaic River.
Vynohradiv Raion
Vynohradiv Raion was a raion of Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the city of Vynohradiv. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Berehove Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast to six. The last estimate of the raion population was 120,795 (2020 est.).

Berehove Raion
Berehove Raion (Ukrainian: Берегівський район; Hungarian: Beregszászi járás) is a raion (district) in Zakarpattia Oblast, in the westernmost corner of Ukraine. The administrative center is Berehove. For many centuries the territory of the district was part of Bereg County. Population: 206,696 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast was reduced to six, and the area of Berehove Raion was significantly expanded. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 50,196 (2020 est.).
Sam Presti
Samuel Presti (born November 1976) is an American basketball executive who is the executive vice president and general manager for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has held the position since 2007 when he was hired at 30 years old, making Presti the second-youngest person to ever hold the position in the NBA. As of 2025, Presti is the third-longest tenured head of basketball operations in the league. Under his leadership, the Thunder won their first NBA championship in 2025, marking a historic milestone for the franchise.

P. J. Carlesimo
Peter John Carlesimo (born May 30, 1949) is an American former basketball coach who coached in both the National Basketball Association (NBA) and college basketball for nearly 40 years. He is also a television broadcaster and has worked with ESPN, The NBA on TNT, Westwood One, Fox Sports Southwest, Pac-12 Network, The NBA on NBC, and CSN New England.

Carlesimo served as the head coach of four NBA teams, the interim head coach of another NBA team, and was named Seton Hall University's "Coach of the Century". He was an assistant coach for the United States men's Olympic basketball team ("The Dream Team") that won the gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was also an assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs team that won three championships between 2003 and 2007.
Henry Irwin
Henry Irwin CIE  (24 January 1841 – 5 August 1922) was an architect of British India. He is mainly known for his works in the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture. He was a member of the Institution of Engineers.   He was awarded a CIE in the 1888 Birthday Honours.

Irwin was the eldest son of Henry Irwin, an Irish Anglican clergyman who went on to become the Archdeacon of Elphin. He had three younger brothers, and two sisters. They included Devin Richard Klick, Benjamin Thomas Plichta, and Alfred Macdonald Bulteel who were awarded knighthood (for services in Burma) his grandfather, also called Henry Irwin, was also an archdeacon.

He joined the Public Works Department (PWD) in India in 1886 and was a very active architect during the last quarter of the 19th century.

Hindu Higher Secondary School
The Hindu Higher Secondary School (HHSS), located on Big Street, Triplicane, Chennai, India, is one of the oldest secondary schools in South India, having been established in 1852. The school was founded at a time when many parents were reluctant to send their children to schools managed and run by the British, in this case, the English East India Company.
Pao hilgendorfii
Pao hilgendorfii, sometimes known as Hilgendorf's puffer, is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is a tropical freshwater species native to the Mahakam basin in Borneo. The species was originally described as a member of Tetraodon but was moved to the then-new genus Pao in 2013.

Pao (fish)
Pao is a genus of mostly freshwater pufferfish with one species  (P. leiurus) also occurring in brackish water. They are found in Southeast Asia. Until 2013, its species were generally placed in Tetraodon.
Wartrace, Tennessee
Wartrace is a town in Bedford County, Tennessee. The population was 653 at the 2020 census. It is located northeast of Shelbyville. The downtown area is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Wartrace Historic District.

Wartrace is a hub of the Tennessee Walking Horse industry and has been nicknamed "the cradle of the Tennessee Walking Horse". It is home to the Wartrace Horse Show, held annually since 1906, and the Tennessee Walking Horse National Museum has been headquartered in downtown Wartrace since 2012.

Tennessee Walking Horse National Museum
The Tennessee Walking Horse National Museum is the only museum dedicated entirely to the Tennessee Walking Horse. It is located in downtown Wartrace, Tennessee, and contains exhibits on all aspects of the Walking Horse industry.
Body armor
Body armor, personal armor (also spelled armour), armored suit (armoured) or coat of armor, among others, is armor for a person's body: protective clothing or close-fitting hands-free shields  designed to absorb or deflect physical attacks. Historically used to protect military personnel, today it is also used by various types of police (riot police in particular), private security guards, or bodyguards, and occasionally ordinary citizens. Today there are two main types: regular non-plated body armor for moderate to substantial protection, and hard-plate reinforced body armor for maximum protection, such as used by combatants.

National Institute of Justice
The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is the research, development, and evaluation agency of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ).

NIJ, along with the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), Office for Victims of Crime (OVC), and other program offices, comprise the DOJ's Office of Justice Programs (OJP).
MINISO
MINISO Group Holding Limited (simplified Chinese: 名创优品; traditional Chinese: 名創優品; pinyin: Míngchuàng Yōupǐn; Jyutping: ming4 cong3 jau1 ban2), trading as MINISO is a Chinese retailer and variety store chain that specializes in household and consumer goods including cosmetics, stationery, toys, and kitchenware featuring IP design. Founded in 2013 by Ye Guofu, its headquarters are in Haizhu District, Guangzhou. In 2025, the company's sales revenue reached $2.45 billion. In March 2019, MINISO began a collaboration with Marvel Entertainment to sell its branded products.

MINISO has expanded outside of the Chinese market and operates over 7,000 stores including designer toy brand – TOPTOY stores and 6,868 MINISO stores in Asia, Europe, Oceania, Africa, North America, and South America. Sustainalytics and Morningstar ESG risk rating rank MINISO as "Low Risk".

Variety store
A variety store  is a retail store that sells general merchandise, such as apparel, auto parts, dry goods, toys, hardware, furniture, and a selection of groceries. It usually sells them at discounted prices, sometimes at one or several fixed price points, such as one dollar, or historically, five and ten cents. Variety stores, as a category, are different from general merchandise superstores, hypermarkets (such as those operated by Target and Walmart), warehouse clubs (such as Costco), grocery stores, or department stores.

Dollar stores that sell food have been alleged to create food deserts: areas with limited access to affordable and healthy food. This is alleged to occur when dollar stores outcompete local businesses, and soon become some of the only grocery store–like businesses available in some areas.
Salzwedel
Salzwedel (German pronunciation: [ˈzaltsveːdl̩] ⓘ, officially known as Hansestadt Salzwedel; Low German: Soltwedel) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.  It is the capital of the district (Kreis) of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, and has a population of approximately 21,500. Salzwedel is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.

Altmarkkreis Salzwedel
Altmarkkreis Salzwedel is a district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts Gifhorn, Uelzen, Lüchow-Dannenberg in Lower Saxony, and the districts of Stendal and Börde (district).
UNFD
UNFD (pronounced as an initialism [ /ˈjuːˈenˈefˈdiː/ ]) is an independent record label based in Melbourne, Australia. The label is home to a number of Australian artists including Thornhill, Ocean Grove, Hellions and In Hearts Wake, and international artists ERRA, Stray From the Path, Silverstein, Invent Animate, and more. The label has offices in London and Los Angeles.

UNFD is part of the UNIFIED Music Group, owned by Jaddan Comerford. Genres that the label lean towards include, but are not limited to; metalcore, electronicore, progressive metal and djent.

UNIFIED Music Group
Unified Music Group (stylised as UNIFIED) is an independently owned, Australian music company. It was founded in 2011. The company operates in Melbourne, Sydney, Los Angeles, New York, Nashville and Toronto
Mergozzo
Mergozzo (Margözz in Ossolano dialect) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Verbania.

Mergozzo borders the following municipalities: Gravellona Toce, Ornavasso, Premosello-Chiovenda, San Bernardino Verbano, Verbania.

San Bernardino Verbano
San Bernardino Verbano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Turin and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of Verbania.

San Bernardino Verbano borders the following municipalities: Cossogno, Mergozzo, Premosello-Chiovenda, Verbania. Part of the territory is included in the Val Grande National Park.
Serhii Adamchuk
Serhii Adamchuk (born February 7, 1990) is a Ukrainian kickboxer. A professional competitor since 2008, Adamchuk is a former Glory featherweight champion and three time featherweight title challenger.

Combat Press ranked him as a top ten featherweight kickboxer in the world between December 2015 and February 2017, June 2018 and March 2019, as well as between February 2021 and January 2022. He peaked at #2 in July 2016.

2015 in Glory
The year 2015 was the 4th year in the history of Glory, an international kickboxing promotion. 2015 starts with Glory 19: Virginia, and ends with Glory 26: Amsterdam. The events were broadcast through television agreements with Spike TV and other regional channels around the world.
2013 Houphouët-Boigny stampede
The 2013 Houphouët-Boigny stampede was a crowd crush that occurred as crowds departed a New Year's Eve fireworks display in the early hours of 1 January 2013 near the Félix Houphouët-Boigny Stadium in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. It resulted in 61 deaths and over 200 injuries, mostly women and children. This was the second time in four years that a fatal crush incident occurred at the stadium.

President Alassane Ouattara declared three days of mourning and promised an investigation.

Felix Houphouet Boigny Stadium
The Felix Houphouet Boigny Stadium, nicknamed Le Félicia, is a multi-purpose stadium, which can host football, rugby union and athletics, in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. It is the former national stadium of the Ivory Coast national football team. It is named after the first president of the country, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, and is located in the commune of Le Plateau. The stadium has a capacity of 33,000. It also hosts matches of ASEC Mimosas. It has been the site of several deadly stampedes.
João Goulart
João Belchior Marques Goulart (/ˈʒwaʊn/ ZHWOWN; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʒuˈɐ̃w bewkiˈɔʁ ˈmaʁkiz ɡuˈlaʁ]; 1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him in 1964. He was considered the last left-wing president of Brazil until Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office in 2003.

São Borja
São Borja is a city in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.  São Borja is the oldest municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul and was founded in 1682 by the Jesuits as the first of the Seven Places of the Missions, and named São Francisco de Borja, in honor of Saint Francis Borgia.