hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Bisset
Sir William Bisset (William Byset/Bissett) was a knight, sheriff and constable in the 13th and 14th centuries.

William was the son of Robert Bisset of Upsettlington and Christiana. He swore fealty to King Edward I of England in 1296. Issued with a safe passage through England to return to Scotland, to prepare for the 1297 expedition to Flanders. While he was in Flanders, his castle of Upsettlington  was sacked and destroyed. William fought on the side of the English in the Battle of Falkirk on the 22 July 1298, where the Scots were defeated. He was the Sheriff of Clackmannan between 1303-1304 and Sheriff of Stirling between 1304-1305 and Constable of Stirling Castle between 1305 and 1307 during the Wars of Scottish Independence, remaining loyal to King Edward I of England.

Upsettlington Castle
Upsettington Castle was a castle that was located near Upsettington (now Ladykirk), Scottish Borders, Scotland. The castle was the caput baronium of the Lordship of Upsettlington. The lands and barony were granted to the Bisset family by King William I of Scotland. Upsettlington was strategically located adjacent to the English Norham Castle across the River Tweed. The castle was sacked and destroyed in 1297–1298, while William Bisset, Lord of Upsettlington was in Flanders serving in King Edward I of England's expedition to Flanders.
Petit Serail
The Petit Serail (Arabic: السراي الصغير / ALA-LC: as-sarāy as-ṣaghīr, literally “Little Saray”) was a historic Ottoman administrative building in Beirut that served as the seat of the wali of Syria and later of the Beirut Vilayet. It was located on the northern edge of Martyrs' Square in the heart of the Beirut Central District. The building was the site of significant political and administrative activity; however, plans to enlarge Beirut’s principal civic square ultimately led to its demolition in 1950. The Petit Serail formed part of a broader corpus of Ottoman-era construction projects that contributed to the development of the architecture of Lebanon in Beirut.

Manouk Avedissian
Manouk Avedissian (1841–1925), more commonly known as Bechara Effendi (or Bechara Effendi al-Muhandis, Bechara Afandi, also Bechara Effendi el-Dob "the bear") was an Ottoman administrator and the chief engineer of the Vilayet of Syria and later of the Vilayet of Beirut. Avedissian, who is considered one of the founding fathers of Lebanese architecture and urban planning, is of Armenian descent.
West Vancouver
West Vancouver is a district municipality in the province of British Columbia, Canada. A member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District, West Vancouver is situated on the north shore of Burrard Inlet to the northwest of the city of Vancouver. With the District of North Vancouver and the City of North Vancouver, West Vancouver is part of a regional grouping known as the North Shore municipalities. It is among the wealthiest municipalities in Canada by average household net worth.

West Vancouver is home to the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal, one of the main transportation hubs connecting the British Columbia mainland and Vancouver Island, and to much of Cypress Provincial Park.

British Properties
Originally known as Capilano Estates, the British Properties is a residential area in West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The 4,000-acre area was sold by the municipality of West Vancouver to the British Pacific Properties Corporation in 1931, which continues to develop the land to the present day.

The development is credited with starting West Vancouver's slow transformation from a ferry-access only, resort-style beachside enclave into a leafy suburban community with roads, parks, and shopping centres.
Yūji Ueda
Yūji Ueda (うえだ ゆうじ, Ueda Yūji; born June 15, 1967) is a Japanese actor, voice actor and singer from Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. He is best known for voicing the roles of Sagara Sanosuke in Rurouni Kenshin, Akito Tenkawa in Martian Successor Nadesico, Valerino in the 1992 series of Calimero, Takeshi/Brock and Sonansu/Wobbuffet in Pokémon, Horohoro in Shaman King, Johannes Krauser II in Detroit Metal City, Kōhei Oguri in Zipang, Keitarō Urashima in Love Hina, Shiro Iori in Kill la Kill, and Yousuke Fuuma in Wedding Peach.

Ghost Slayers Ayashi
Ghost Slayers Ayashi (Japanese: 天保異聞 妖奇士, Hepburn: Tenpō Ibun Ayakashi Ayashi) is a Japanese anime television series. The series was created and written by Shō Aikawa, produced by Bones, directed by Hiroshi Nishikiori, and featured character designs by Toshihiro Kawamoto. It was broadcast for twenty-five episodes on MBS and TBS from October 2006 to March 2007. A two-volume manga adaptation by Yaeko Ninagawa was published in Square Enix's seinen manga magazine Young Gangan from September 2006 to July 2007. Both the anime series and the manga adaptation were licensed for English release in North America by Bandai Entertainment.
1984 (1956 film)
1984 is a 1956 British black-and-white science fiction film, based on the 1949 novel Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell, depicting a totalitarian future of a dystopian society. The film followed a previous 1953 American Westinghouse Studio One adaptation starring Eddie Albert, and a 1954 BBC-TV made-for-TV adaptation that starred Peter Cushing and Donald Pleasence.

1984 (the movie) was directed by Michael Anderson and starring Edmond O'Brien as protagonist Winston Smith, and featured Donald Pleasence, Jan Sterling, Michael Ripper and Michael Redgrave. It was released in the UK on March 6, 1956, and in the US in September 1956.  It played in the US on a double feature with The Gamma People (1956).

O'Brien (Nineteen Eighty-Four)
O'Brien is a fictional character and the main antagonist in George Orwell's 1949 novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. The protagonist Winston Smith, living in a dystopian society governed by the Party, feels strangely drawn to Inner Party member O'Brien. Orwell never reveals O'Brien's first name.
Egypt women's national handball team
The Egypt women's national handball team is the national team of Egypt. It is governed by the Egyptian Handball Federation and takes part in international handball competitions. The national team wasn't active from 2012 to 2022, before the Egyptian Handball Federation decided to reestablish a team.

Following the team's fourth place at the 2024 African Women's Handball Championship, they qualified for their first ever World Handball Championship at the 2025 edition in Germany and Netherlands.

Egyptian Handball Federation
The Egyptian Handball Federation (EHF) (Arabic: اتحاد كرة اليد المصري) is the governing body of handball and beach handball in Egypt. EHF was founded in 1957, joined the International Handball Federation in 1960, and the African Handball Confederation in 1973. EHF is also affiliated to the Egyptian Olympic Committee. It is based in Cairo.
Simon Rutar
Simon Rutar (12 October 1851 – 3 May 1903) was a Slovene historian and geographer. He wrote primarily on the history and geography of the areas that are now part of the Slovenian Littoral, the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the Croatian counties of Istria and Primorsko-Goranska.

Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
The Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca (German: Gefürstete Grafschaft Görz und Gradisca; Italian: Principesca Contea di Gorizia e Gradisca; Slovene: Poknežena grofija Goriška in Gradiščanska), historically sometimes shortened to and spelled "Goritz", was a crown land of the Habsburg dynasty within the Austrian Littoral on the Adriatic Sea, in what is now a multilingual border area of Italy and Slovenia. It was named for its two major urban centers, Gorizia and Gradisca d'Isonzo.
JVW F.C.
JVW Football Club is a women's professional soccer club based in Bedfordview, Gauteng. Founded and owned by Janine van Wyk and Lauren Duncan the club competes in the SAFA Women's League, the top tier women's football league in South Africa,

Sasol Women's League
The Sasol Women's League is the second-tier South African women's association football league, sponsored by Sasol since 2013.  It is semi-professional, and operates as a provincial league, with two "streams" of 8-10 teams in each of South Africa's nine provinces (in some cases, multiple streams per province), and each province's champion then competing in a single-location National Championship tournament.

The championship's two finalists are then promoted to the (professional, first-tier) SAFA Women's League, while the bottom two teams in each province's standings are relegated to the SAFA Women's Regional League of their respective province.
Kirkby in Ashfield Urban District
Kirkby in Ashfield was an Urban District in Nottinghamshire, England, from 1896 to 1974. It was created under the Local Government Act 1894.

The council built itself a headquarters on Urban Road in 1933, now known as Ada Lovelace House.

The district was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 and combined with Sutton in Ashfield Urban District, Hucknall Urban District and part of Basford Rural District to form the new Ashfield District.

Ashfield District
Ashfield (/ˈæʃˌfiːld/) is a local government district in Nottinghamshire, England. The council is based in Kirkby-in-Ashfield, but the largest town is neighbouring Sutton-in-Ashfield. The district also contains the town of Hucknall and a few villages. The district is mostly urban, with some of its settlements forming parts of both the Nottingham and Mansfield Urban Areas.

The neighbouring districts are Mansfield, Newark and Sherwood, Gedling, Nottingham, Broxtowe, Amber Valley and Bolsover.
Decentralized wastewater system
Decentralized wastewater systems (also referred to as decentralized wastewater treatment systems) convey, treat and dispose or reuse wastewater from small and low-density communities, buildings and dwellings in remote areas, individual public or private properties. Wastewater flow is generated when appropriate water supply is available within the buildings or close to them.

Decentralized wastewater systems treat, reuse or dispose the effluent in relatively close vicinity to its source of generation. They have the purpose to protect public health and the natural environment by reducing substantially health and environmental hazards.

They are also referred as "decentralized wastewater treatment systems" because the main technical challenge is the adequate choice of a treatment and/or disposal facility. A commonly used acronym for decentralized wastewater treatment system, is DEWATS.

Onsite sewage facility
Onsite sewage facilities (OSSF), also called septic systems, are wastewater systems designed to treat and dispose of effluent on the same property that produces the wastewater, in areas not served by public sewage infrastructure.

A septic tank and drainfield combination is a fairly common type of on-site sewage facility in the Western world. OSSFs account for approximately 25% of all domestic wastewater treatment in the US. Onsite sewage facilities may also be based on small-scale aerobic and biofilter units, membrane bioreactors or sequencing batch reactors. These can be thought of as scaled down versions of municipal sewage treatment plants, and are also known as "package plants."
Asūne Parish
Asūne Parish (Latvian: Asūnes pagasts) is an administrative unit of Krāslava Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia. The administrative center is the village of Asūne.

It borders the parishes of Ķepova, Svariņi, Dagda, Konstantinova, and Robežnieki within its own municipality, and across Lake Dagda with the town of Dagda.

Konstantinova Parish
Konstantinova Parish (Latvian: Konstantinovas pagasts) is an administrative unit of Krāslava Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia. It borders the parishes of Andrupene, Dagda, Asūne, Robežnieki, Skaista and Auleja, all in Krāslava Municipality.
Xu Shilin (character)
Xu Shilin (Chinese: 許士林), known as Xu Mengjiao (许梦蛟) in some versions, is a Chinese  mythological figure, son of the white snake spirit Bai Suzhen and Xu Xian. He is a major character in the Legend of the White Snake, one of four great Chinese folk tales. The story has been adapted many times, including into Chinese operas, films, television series and other media.

The story of Xu Shilin Rescued His Mother is separate from the main legend of the White Snake and has become a well-known folktale in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. His legend is so popular throughout China that there's a common saying: "A child who fulfills the gratitude of their parents is like Xu Shilin, who demonstrated great filial piety to his mother".

Bai Suzhen
Bai Suzhen (Chinese: 白素貞), also known as Lady Bai (白娘子; 'Lady White'), is a one-thousand-year-old white snake spirit and the title character of the Legend of the White Snake, one of China's "four great folktales". The legend has been adapted into several Chinese operas, films, television series and other media. In some versions of the legend, Bai Suzhen becomes a goddess; her worshippers refer to her as Madam White Snake (白蛇娘娘).

Bai Suzhen is regarded as a symbol of true love and good-heartedness by the Chinese people.
CocoCay
CocoCay or Little Stirrup Cay, sometimes titled Perfect Day at CocoCay (/koʊkoʊkeɪ/) is one of the Berry Islands, a collection of Bahamian cays and small islands located approximately 55 miles (89 km) north of Nassau. It is used for tourism by Royal Caribbean Group exclusively. Little Stirrup Cay is adjacent to Great Stirrup Cay, Norwegian Cruises' private island since 1977.

Berry Islands
The Berry Islands are a chain of islands and a district of The Bahamas, covering about twelve square miles (31 km2).

The Berry Islands consist of about thirty islands and over one hundred small islands or cays, often referred to as "The Fish Bowl of The Bahamas." They have a population of 1,002 (2022 census), most of whom are on Great Harbour Cay. The islands were settled in 1836 by Governor William Colebrooke with a group of freed slaves.
Cuggiono
Cuggiono (Lombard: Cugiònn [kyˈdʒɔn]) is a small Italian town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Milan, 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Milan on the Motorway A4 to Turin, gate of Marcallo-Mesero.

American baseball player Yogi Berra's parents were from Malvaglio, just outside Cuggiono. Italian singer and composer Angelo Branduardi was born there.

Cuggiono is the sister city of Herrin, Illinois.  Many Italians from Cuggiono immigrated to Southern Illinois to work in the coal mines with hopes of the American Dream in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  They formed neighborhoods in towns throughout Southern Illinois.

Cuggiono borders the following municipalities: Castano Primo, Buscate, Arconate, Robecchetto con Induno, Galliate, Mesero and Bernate Ticino.

Bernate Ticino
Bernate Ticino (Milanese: Bernaa [berˈnaː], locally Barnaa [barˈnaː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan, in the northern Italian region of Lombardy, located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Milan.

The town is situated on the Ticino River and is traversed by the Naviglio Grande. In 2005, a small Roman necropolis, comprising 12 tombs, was discovered within the territory of Bernate Ticino.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA; Korean: 외교부) is a government agency of South Korea. It is in charge of the country's foreign relations, as well as handling matters related to overseas Korean nationals. It was established on 17 July 1948.

Its main office is located in the MOFA Building in Jongno District, Seoul. The ministry previously had its headquarters in a facility in Doryeom-dong in Jongno District.

Jongno District
Jongno District (Korean: 종로구; RR: Jongno-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. It is the historic center of Seoul that contains Gyeongbokgung, the main royal palace of the Joseon dynasty, and the Blue House, the former presidential residence. Jongno District has a high concentration of historical sites, many dating back to the Goryeo period. Places like Sungkyunkwan, Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung, and Dongdaemun are all located within the area of the district.
Dringhouses
Dringhouses is a suburb of York, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is bounded by the Knavesmire, an open area of land on which York Racecourse is situated, to the east, Askham Bog and the A64 to the south, Woodthorpe and Foxwood to the west, and Acomb and Holgate to the north. It is part of the City of York ward is called Dringhouses and Woodthorpe which covers an area of 4.3 km2 (1.7 sq mi) and had a population of 11,084 at the 2011 Census. It is located approximately two and quarter miles from York City Centre.

The name derives from "Drengeshirses" (1109) and means "the houses of the drengs", a "dreng" being a man who held land by a particular kind of free tenure.

It is a mixture of housing estates and large open spaces, with the East Coast main railway line running through the middle.

Woodthorpe, North Yorkshire
Woodthorpe is a suburb in the south west of the city of York, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The surrounding areas are Dringhouses and Foxwood.

The area of Woodthorpe was built in several phases from the 1960s to the 1990s. The name Woodthorpe is believed to have been the name of one of the first large housing development projects around the Moorcroft Road and Acorn Way area and this name has stuck.  Locally the name Woodthorpe is generally used for the areas south of Acomb Wood and east to Moorcroft Road and Acorn Way.

To the east is Dringhouses, to the north is Foxwood, and to the west is Acomb Park.

In January 2017 the suburb made national headlines when seven year old Katie Rough was killed by asphyxiation and stabbed in the neck near her home by a 15-year-old female.
Red Sea Dam
The Red Sea Dam is a speculative macro-engineering proposal put forward in 2007 by a group of scientists and engineers. Although the authors' intentions are to explore "the ethical and environmental dilemmas and some of the political implications of macro-engineering", the proposal has attracted both criticism and ridicule.

Bab-el-Mandeb
The Bab-el-Mandeb (Arabic: باب المندب, lit. 'Gate of Grief/Tears', Tigrinya: ባብ ኣል ማንዳብ) is a strait between Yemen on the Arabian Peninsula and Djibouti and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa, connecting the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden and by extension the Indian Ocean.
RISAT
RISAT (Radar Imaging Satellite)  is a series of Indian radar imaging reconnaissance satellites built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). They provide all-weather surveillance using synthetic aperture radars (SAR).

The RISAT series are the first all-weather Earth observation satellites from ISRO. Previous Indian observation satellites relied primarily on optical and spectral sensors which were hampered by cloud cover.

After the 26 November 2008, 2008 Mumbai attacks, the launch plan was modified to launch RISAT-2 before RISAT-1, since the indigenous C-band SAR to be used for RISAT-1 was not ready. RISAT-2 used an Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) X-band SAR sensor similar to the one employed on TecSAR.

TecSAR-1
TecSAR-1, also known as TechSAR, Polaris and Ofeq-8, is an Israeli reconnaissance satellite, equipped with a synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) developed by Elta Systems. It was successfully launched at 03:45 UTC on 21 January 2008, by PSLV C-10 launch vehicle, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in India.

The TecSAR satellite is fitted with a large dish-like antenna to transmit and receive radar signals that can penetrate darkness and thickness of clouds. Built by Israel Aerospace Industries, TecSAR ranks among the world's most advanced space systems.

Elta Systems Ltd cooperates with Azerbaijan to produce a TecSAR reconnaissance satellite system for the country. According to Azerbaijani military experts, this is an indispensable system for military operations in the mountainous terrains of Azerbaijan.
Mayo-Sava
Mayo-Sava   is a department of Extreme-Nord Province in Cameroon. The department covers an area of 2,736 km2 and at the 2005 Census had a total population of 348,890. The capital of the department is at Mora.

Far North Region (Cameroon)
The Far North Region, also known as the Extreme North Region (from French: Région de l'Extrême-Nord.) (Fulfulde : woilare  ), is the northernmost and most populous constituent province of the Republic of Cameroon. It borders the North Region to the south, Chad to the east, and Nigeria to the west. The capital is Maroua.

The province is one of Cameroon's most culturally diverse. Over 50 different ethnic groups populate the area, including the Shuwa Arabs, Fulani, and Kapsiki. Most inhabitants speak the Fulani language Fulfulde, Chadian Arabic, and French.
First Congress of Lithuanian Women
The First Congress of Lithuanian Women (Lithuanian: Pirmasis lietuvių moterų suvažiavimas) took place on 6–7 October [O.S. 23–24 September] 1907 in Kaunas (then part of the Russian Empire, now Lithuania). It was organized by Catholic priests in preparation for the October 1907 election to the third State Duma but discussed only cultural and economic issues. The organizers attempted to invite representatives of different social classes and political affiliations leading to disagreements between socialists and Catholic clergy, and between educated intellectuals and less educated villagers. The congress resolved to establish the Lithuanian Women's Union. However, disagreements between the liberals and the Catholics led to splintering of the women's movement and to the establishment of the Association of Lithuanian Catholic Women in January 1908. The Women's Union was officially established only in 1922.

Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė
Gabrielė Petkevičaitė (18 March 1861 – 14 June 1943) was a Lithuanian educator, writer, and activist. Her pen name Bitė (Bee) eventually became part of her last name. Encouraged by Povilas Višinskis, she joined public life and started her writing career in 1890, becoming a prominent member of  the Lithuanian National Revival. She was the founder and chair of the Žiburėlis society to provide financial aid to struggling students, one of the editors of the newspaper Lietuvos žinios, and an active member of the women's movement. In 1920, she was elected to the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania and chaired its first session. Her realist writing centered on exploring the negative impact of the social inequality. Her largest work, two-part novel Ad astra (1933), depicts the rising Lithuanian National Revival. Together with Žemaitė, she co-wrote several plays. Her diary, kept during World War I, was published in 1925–1931 and 2008–2011.
Clan Campbell
Clan Campbell (Scottish Gaelic: Na Caimbeulaich [na ˈkʰaimbəl̪ˠɪç]) is a Highland Scottish clan, historically one of the largest and most powerful of the Highland clans. The Clan Campbell lands are in Argyll and within their lands lies Ben Cruachan. The chief of the clan became Earl of Argyll and later Duke of Argyll.

Campbell of Argyll Militia
The Campbell of Argyll Militia also known as the Campbell militia, the Argyll militia, or the Argyllshire men, was an irregular militia unit formed in 1745 by John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll to oppose the Jacobite rising of 1745.
Knife-cut noodles
Knife-cut noodles (traditional Chinese: 刀削麵; simplified Chinese: 刀削面; pinyin: dāoxiāomiàn), also known as knife-sliced noodles or knife-shaved noodles in English, are a type of noodle in Chinese cuisine often associated with Shanxi province.  As the name implies, unlike pulled noodles, they are prepared by thinly cutting a block of dough directly into boiling water.  The resulting noodles are ribbon-shaped, fairly thick, and chewy when cooked. Among the knife-cut noodle variations in Shanxi, the style from Datong became the most famous.

Lamian
Lamian (traditional Chinese: 拉麵; simplified Chinese: 拉面; pinyin: Lāmiàn; "pulled noodles") is a type of soft wheat flour handmade Chinese noodle that is particularly common in northern China. Lamian is made by twisting, stretching and folding the dough into strands, using the weight of the dough. The length and thickness of the strands depends on the number of times the dough is folded.