hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Epping, Essex
Epping is a market town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It lies 17 miles (27 km) north-east of Charing Cross in central London. It is surrounded by the northern end of Epping Forest, and stands on a ridge of land between the River Roding and River Lea valleys.

Epping forms part of the London commuter belt; it is the eastern terminus of the London Underground's Central line, and the town lies just outside the M25 London Orbital Motorway. The town has a number of historic Grade I and II* and Grade II listed buildings. The weekly market, which dates to 1253, is held each Monday.

As well as the town itself, the parish also includes Coopersale and Fiddlers Hamlet. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 12,547 and the built up area had a population of 10,695.

Epping became twinned with the German town of Eppingen in north-west Baden-Württemberg in 1981.

Harlow
Harlow is a town and local government district located in the west of Essex, England. Harlow was a small town until the mid-20th century. In 1947 it was designated as a new town. Housing estates, industrial areas and a new town centre were subsequently developed, lying mostly to the west and south of the old town, which became known as Old Harlow.

The town lies on the south bank of the River Stort, which also forms the county boundary with Hertfordshire. The M11 motorway passes to the east of the town. At the 2021 census the Harlow built up area had a population of 93,580 and the local government district had a population of 93,300.
Strawbs (album)
Strawbs is the first album released by the English band Strawbs. The Sandy Denny & The Strawbs LP All Our Own Work was recorded earlier, but not released until 1973.

Not initially issued in the US, US A&M did issue two singles ("Oh How She's Changed" b/w "Or Am I Dreaming", and "The Man Who Called Himself Jesus" b/w "Poor Jimmy Wilson").

All Our Own Work
All Our Own Work is an album by Sandy Denny and the Strawbs, recorded in 1967 but not released until 1973. The album was recorded in  Copenhagen, Denmark, and contains an early recording of one of Sandy Denny's best known songs "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?". Denny later recorded this song as a member of Fairport Convention. The album was released by Pickwick Records, who in the 1970s specialised in budget releases of deleted record company catalogues.
West Coast Senior Hockey League
The West Coast Senior Hockey League (WCSHL) is a senior ice hockey league with teams based in Newfoundland and Labrador.  The WCSHL was founded in 1996 as a senior B intermediate league and developed into a senior A league. It operated until the summer of 2011 when the WCSHL merged with the Avalon East Senior Hockey League to form the Newfoundland Senior Hockey League.

The league resurfaced for the 2016–2017 season, with that season being shortened. For the 2017–2018 season it played an 18-game season, with teams based out of Corner Brook, Deer Lake, Stephenville, and Port aux Basques.

The league returned to action for the 2022-23 season with three competing teams from Corner Brook, Deer Lake, and Port aux Basques.

Clarenville Caribous
The Clarenville Caribous (also commonly known as the Clarenville Ford Caribous due to an ongoing sponsorship deal announced September 23, 2015) are a senior ice hockey team based in Clarenville, Newfoundland and Labrador, and a member of the Avalon East Senior Hockey League. The Caribous are three-time winners of the Herder Memorial Trophy as all–Newfoundland and Labrador Senior Hockey Champions and winners of the 2011 Allan Cup as National Senior "AAA" Hockey Champions.
Hymn of the Earth
Hymn of the Earth (in Finnish: Maan virsi), Op. 95, is a single-movement, patriotic cantata for mixed choir and orchestra written from 1919 to 1920 by Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The piece, which is a setting of the Finnish author Eino Leino's Finnish-language poem of the same name, is chronologically the eighth of Sibelius's nine orchestral cantatas; in particular, it belongs to the series of four "little known, but beautiful" cantatas from the composer's mature period that also includes My Own Land (Op. 92, 1918), Song of the Earth (Op. 93, 1919), and Väinämöinen's Song (Op. 110, 1926). Hymn of the Earth premiered on 4 April 1920 in Helsinki, with Heikki Klemetti conducting the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra and his choir, Suomen Laulu.

Song of the Earth (Sibelius)
Song of the Earth (in Swedish: Jordens sång; subtitled "Cantata for the Inaugural Ceremonies of Åbo Akademi University 1919"), Op. 93, is a single-movement, patriotic cantata for mixed choir and orchestra written in 1919 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The piece, which is a setting of the Finnish author Jarl Hemmer's Swedish-language poem of the same name, is chronologically the seventh of Sibelius's nine orchestral cantatas; in particular, it belongs to the series of four "little known, but beautiful" cantatas from the composer's mature period that also includes My Own Land (Op. 92, 1918), Hymn of the Earth (Op. 95, 1920), and Väinämöinen's Song (Op. 110, 1926). Song of the Earth premiered on 11 October 1919 in Turku, Finland, with Sibelius conducting the Turku Musical Society and an amateur choir.
Ultrapotassic igneous rocks
Ultrapotassic igneous rocks are a class of rare, volumetrically minor, generally ultramafic or mafic silica-depleted igneous rocks.

While there are debates on the exact classifications of ultrapotassic rocks, they are defined by using the chemical screens K2O/Na2O > 3 in much of the scientific literature. However caution is indicated in interpreting the use of the term "ultrapotassic", and the nomenclature of these rocks continues to be debated, with some classifications using K2O/Na2O > 2 to indicate a rock is ultrapotassic.

Igneous rock
Igneous rock (igneous from Latin  igneus 'fiery'), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in a terrestrial planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses.

Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust.
Battle of Bossenden Wood
The Battle of Bossenden Wood took place on 31 May 1838 near Hernhill in Kent; it has been called the last battle on English soil. The battle was fought between a small group of labourers from the Hernhill, Dunkirk and Boughton area and a detachment of soldiers sent from Canterbury to arrest the marchers' leader, the self-styled Sir William Courtenay, who was actually John Nichols Tom, a Truro maltster who had spent four years in Kent County Lunatic Asylum. Eleven men died in the brief confrontation: Courtenay, eight of his followers and two of those sent to apprehend them. The background context of the battle was the impact of new Poor Law and it has been linked with the Swing riots.

Hernhill
Hernhill is a village and civil parish between Faversham and Canterbury in southeast England. The parish includes the hamlets of Crockham, Dargate, The Fostall, Lamberhurst, Oakwell, Staple Street, Thread, Waterham and Wey Street.
Alvis TE 21
The Alvis Three Litre Series III sports saloon or drophead coupé, also known as TE 21, is an automobile produced by British manufacturer Alvis between 1963 and 1966 with a body built by Mulliner Park Ward. It was an updated version of the 1958 TD21.

Alvis Car and Engineering Company
Alvis Car and Engineering Company Ltd was a British manufacturing company in Coventry from 1919 to 1967. In addition to automobiles designed for the civilian market, the company also produced racing cars, aircraft engines, armoured cars, and other armoured fighting vehicles.

Car manufacturing ended after the company became a subsidiary of Rover in 1965, but armoured vehicle manufacture continued. Alvis became part of British Leyland and then in 1982 was sold to United Scientific Holdings, which renamed itself Alvis plc.

In 2023, its successor company began manufacturing the brand’s classic models again.
Phytosemiotics
Phytosemiotics is a branch of biosemiotics that studies the sign processing capabilities present in plants. Some functions that plants perform that utilize this simple semiosis includes cellular recognition, plant perception, intercellular communication, and plant signal transduction. Comparative to the sign processing present in animals and humans, phytosemiotics occurs at the cellular level, with communication between the cells of plants acting as a means of observing their surroundings and making rudimentary decisions.

Biosemiotics
Biosemiotics (from the Greek βίος bios, "life" and σημειωτικός sēmeiōtikos, "observant of signs") is a field of semiotics and biology that studies the prelinguistic meaning-making, biological interpretation processes, production of signs and codes and communication processes in the biological realm.

Biosemiotics integrates the findings of biology and semiotics and proposes a paradigmatic shift in the scientific view of life, in which semiosis (sign process, including meaning and interpretation) is one of its immanent and intrinsic features. The term biosemiotic was first used by Friedrich S. Rothschild in 1962, but Thomas Sebeok, Thure von Uexküll, Jesper Hoffmeyer and many others have implemented the term and field. The field is generally divided between theoretical and applied biosemiotics.

Insights from biosemiotics have also been adopted in the humanities and social sciences, including human–animal studies, human–plant studies and cybersemiotics.
Novatus
Saint Novatus (died c. 151) is an early Christian saint. His feast day is 20 June.

Novatus and his brother, the martyr Timotheus, were the sons of Pudens, and the brothers of Pudentiana and Praxedes. His paternal grandfather was Quintus Cornelius Pudens, the Roman senator, who with his wife, Priscilla, was among St. Peter's earliest converts in Rome and in whose house the Apostle dwelt while in that city.  A portion of the structure of the modern church of Santa Pudenziana (Via Urbana) is thought to be part of the senatorial palace or of the baths built by Novatus.

According to the 5th-century church historian Philostorgius, Novatus was of Phrygian descent.

The city of Novato, California, is named after a local Miwok leader who had probably been given the name of Saint Novatus at his baptism.

Praxedes
Saint Praxedes (d. 165), called "a Roman maiden", was a saint and virgin who lived in the Roman Empire during the 2nd century. Along with her sister, Saint Pudentiana, she provided for the poor and gave care and comfort to persecuted Christians and martyrs. Her veneration began in the 4th century and many churches have been dedicated to her.
Dalgliesh Bay
Dalgliesh Bay (67°42′S 67°45′W﻿ / ﻿67.700°S 67.750°W﻿ / -67.700; -67.750) is a bay, 1 nautical mile (2 km) wide and indenting 3 nautical miles (6 km), lying between Lainez Point and Bongrain Point on the west side of Pourquoi Pas Island, off the west coast of Graham Land. It was first roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill. It was resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named for David G. Dalgliesh, FIDS medical officer at Stonington Island in 1948–49, who accompanied the 1948 sledge survey party to this area. Stride Peak rises to 675 m at the head of Dalgliesh Bay.

Stride Peak
Stride Peak (67°41′S 67°38′W﻿ / ﻿67.683°S 67.633°W﻿ / -67.683; -67.633) is a peak rising to 675 m at the head of Dalgliesh Bay, Pourquoi Pas Island, in Marguerite Bay. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1979 after Geoffrey A. Stride (1927–58), Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) diesel mechanic, Horseshoe Island, 1958, who, with S.E. Black and D. Statham, was lost between Dion Islands and Horseshoe Island in May 1958, in a breakup of the sea ice.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Stride Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
BX Falls
BX Falls is a small waterfall just northeast of Vernon, British Columbia, Canada, in electoral area C in the Regional District of North Okanagan. It is located just downstream from Tillicum Road's crossing of BX Creek. The falls are located in between Tillicum Road and Star Road, both of which branch off Silverstar Road. A trail runs between the two roads and a short side trail descends into the canyon off the main trail and allows visitors to see the falls up close.

Vernon, British Columbia
Vernon is a city in British Columbia, Canada. It is 440 km (270 mi) northeast of Vancouver. Named after Forbes George Vernon, a former MLA of British Columbia who helped establish the Coldstream Ranch in nearby Coldstream, Vernon was incorporated in 1892. Vernon has a population of 44,519 (2021), while its metropolitan region, Greater Vernon, has a population of 67,086 as of the 2021 Canadian census. With this population, Vernon is the largest city in the North Okanagan Regional District. A resident of Vernon is called a "Vernonite."
Team Penske
Team Penske (formerly known as Penske Racing) is an American professional auto racing organization that competes in the IndyCar Series, NASCAR Cup Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The team made its competitive debut at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona and has since participated in a wide range of professional motorsport disciplines, including Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Australia's Supercars Championship. Over the course of its history, Team Penske has amassed more than 500 race victories and secured over 40 championships across various categories of auto racing. The team operates as a division of Penske Corporation and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.

Ryan Briscoe
Ryan John Briscoe (born 24 September 1981) is an Australian-American professional racing driver from Sydney who has predominantly raced open-wheel and sports cars in Europe and America.

In IndyCar, Briscoe collected eight wins and 28 podiums, finishing third in the 2009 season, fifth in 2008 and 2010, and sixth in 2011 and 2012. In sports car racing, he has won the 2020 24 Hours of Daytona and the 2020 Petit Le Mans, was runner-up at the 2007 American Le Mans Series LMP2 class, and won the 2013 12 Hours of Sebring LMP2 class, the 2008 and 2013 Petit Le Mans LMP2 class, the 2015 24 Hours of Daytona GTLM class, and finished third overall at the 2008 24 Hours of Daytona.
Anafiotika
Anafiotika (Greek: Αναφιώτικα pronounced [a.naˈfço.ti.ka]) is a scenic tiny neighborhood of the center of Athens, part of the old historical neighborhood called Plaka. It lies on the northeast side of the Acropolis hill.

Plaka
Pláka (Greek: Πλάκα) is the old historical neighborhood of Athens, clustered around the northern and eastern slopes of the Acropolis, and incorporating labyrinthine streets and neoclassical architecture. Plaka is built on top of the residential areas of the ancient town of Athens. It is known as the "Neighborhood of the Gods" due to its proximity to the Acropolis and its many archaeological sites.
İpsala
İpsala (Ancient Greek: Κύψελα, romanized: Kýpsela; Greek: Ύψαλα, romanized: Ýpsala) is a town in Edirne Province in northwestern Turkey. It is the seat of İpsala District. Its population is 8,546 (2022). It is the location of one of the main border checkpoints between Greece and Turkey. The Greek town opposite İpsala is Kipoi.

The state road D.110 (European route E90) connects the border checkpoint İpsala with Tekirdağ at the coast of the Marmara Sea. The town consists of six quarters: Kapucu, Saraçilyas, Bayrambey, Köprü, Bozkurt and Fatih.

Kipoi, Evros
Kipoi or Kipi (Greek: Κήποι) is a village in Feres municipal unit, Evros regional unit in northeastern Greece. A major motorway border crossing between Greece and Turkey is located here. The town on the Turkish side is İpsala. Kipoi was known as "Bahçeköy" ("Garden Village") or "Alibeyçiftliği" ("Ali Bey's Farm") during Ottoman rule.  The settlements was created with the migration of Arvanites from Turkey in 1923. They largely originate from the inhabitants of the villages of Qytezë and Sultanköy.

Kipoi is located on the right bank of the river Evros which forms the border between Greece and Turkey.

The Kipoi border crossing is the eastern starting/ending point of European route E90 which is also the A2 motorway (Egnatia Odos). The motorway connects to Turkish Highway D110.
Pulheim
Pulheim (German pronunciation: [ˈpʊlhaɪm] ⓘ; Ripuarian: Pullem) is a town in the Rhein-Erft-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

Since the 1920s, a large substation of the Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk AG (RWE) is located at Pulheim. It is the end of the North–South Powerline and a large control center for the power grid of the RWE.

In the communal reform of 1975, several previously independent municipalities were added to the municipality Pulheim, which received city rights in 1981. Pulheim consists of 12 quarters (Stadtteile), including Brauweiler, Geyen and Stommeln.

Brauweiler
Brauweiler is a part of Pulheim, west of Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

The former Benedictine abbey, Brauweiler Abbey, founded 1024, is used today by the Rhein Department for the Care of Historic Monuments.

In Brauweiler in the 1920s a large power transmission station was built, which supplied up to 380 kV. It was also the starting point of the north south powerline. Also in the area of this transformer station is the main control room of the RWE, from which nearly the entire high-voltage transmission system of the  RWE AG is supervised by remote control. This control is also used to coordinate the power transmission in continental Europe.
Louis Fursy Henri Compère
Louis Fursy Henri Compère (16 January 1768 – 27 March 1833) was a French general of artillery in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

Compère was born in Péronne, Somme. In 1794, he was promoted to chef de brigade, the equivalent of colonel. On 1 May 1794, he was promoted to general of brigade. He was part of the Army of the Danube crossing into the southwest German states in 1799, and participated in the Battle of Ostrach and the Battle of Stockach.
He was the brother of the General Claude Antoine Compère (1774–1812).

Claude Antoine Compère
Claude Antoine Compère (French pronunciation: [klod ɑ̃twan kɔ̃pɛʁ]; 21 May 1774 – 7 September 1812) was a French army officer and later general who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He was killed at the Battle of Borodino. He was the younger brother of General Louis Fursy Henri Compère.
Cádiz (wine region)
Cádiz is a Spanish appellation describing Vino de la Tierra wines whose terroir is located in the autonomous region of Andalusia. Vino de la Tierra is one step below the mainstream Denominación de Origen indication on the Spanish wine quality ladder.

The area covered by this geographical indication comprises the following municipalities: Arcos de la Frontera, Chiclana de la Frontera, Chipiona, El Puerto de Santa María, Jerez de la Frontera Prado del Rey, Puerto Real, Rota, Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Olvera, Setenil, Villamartín, Bornos, Trebujena and San José del Valle, in the province of Cádiz (Andalusia, Spain).

It acquired its Vino de la Tierra status in 2005.

Vino de la tierra
Vino de la tierra is a quality of Spanish wine that designates the rung below the mainstream quality wine classification of denominación de origen protegida (DOP). It is the equivalent of the French vin de pays. It represents a higher quality than table wine, and covers still wine, sparkling wine, and fortified wine. Since 2016 the classification is called indicación geográfica protegida (IGP), but wines can still use the traditional name of vino de la tierra. The labels of vino de la tierra wines are allowed to state the year of vintage and the grape varieties used in production.

In 2019 there were 42 registered vino de la tierra wines in Spain.
Electromote
The Electromote was the world's first vehicle run like a trolleybus, which was first presented to the public on April 29, 1882, by its inventor Dr. Ernst Werner von Siemens in Halensee, a suburb of Berlin, Germany.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
Slavonska Avenue
Slavonska Avenue (Croatian: Slavonska avenija) is a limited-access avenue in Zagreb, Croatia. It is the longest street in Zagreb, being 18 km (11 mi) long. It mostly has a 70 km/h (43 mph) speed limit, although the speed is limited to 100 km/h (62 mph) on a short section near the Ivanja Reka interchange with the Zagreb bypass. In 2007 the avenue was proclaimed to be the most accident-prone road in Zagreb.
The avenue is an important east-west arterial road. Starting at the interchange with Savska Road, it intersects, featuring mainly two and three-level interchanges, several other main Zagreb thoroughfares (sorted eastbound): Croatian Fraternal Union Avenue, Marin Držić Avenue, Vjekoslav Heinzel Avenue, Gospić Road, Sesvete Ljudevit Posavski Road. Slavonska Avenue does not have any tram lines, although most lines in Zagreb pass over or under the avenue.

Ivanja Reka interchange
The Ivanja Reka interchange (Croatian: Čvor Ivanja Reka) is a cloverleaf interchange east of Zagreb, Croatia. The interchange represents the southern terminus of the A4 motorway and it connects the A4 route to the A3 motorway representing major a link in the Croatian motorway system. The interchange is a part of Pan-European corridors Vb and X. It also represents a junction of European routes E65, E70 and E71.

The interchange was completed at junction of the Slavonska Avenue—four lane road providing access to Zagreb, present-day A3 motorway section to Lipovljani, built in 1980, and a 22.15-kilometre (13.76 mi) section between the Lučko and Ivanja Reka interchanges, a section of the Zagreb bypass opened in 1981. It was named after the nearby village of Ivanja Reka. The interchange originally also included a four-lane road, later upgraded and renamed as A4 motorway connecting Varaždin.