hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfred Korzybski
Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski (/kɔːrˈzɪbski, kəˈʒɪpski/ ⓘ kor-ZIB-skee, kə-ZHIP-skee; Polish: [ˈalfrɛt kɔˈʐɨpskʲi]; July 3, 1879 – March 1, 1950) was a Polish-American philosopher and independent scholar who developed a field called general semantics, which he viewed as both distinct from, and more encompassing than, the field of semantics. He argued that human knowledge of the world is limited both by the human nervous system and the languages humans have developed, and thus no one can have direct access to reality, given that the most we can know is that which is filtered through the brain's responses to reality. His best known dictum is "The map is not the territory". Many of his ideas were presented in his book Science and Sanity (1933).

Institute of General Semantics
The Institute of General Semantics (IGS) is a not-for-profit corporation established in 1938 by Alfred Korzybski, to support research and publication on the topic of general semantics. The Institute publishes Korzybski's writings, including the seminal text Science & Sanity, and books by other authors who have studied or taught general semantics, such as Robert Pula, Irving J. Lee, Wendell Johnson, and Stuart Chase. Every year since 1952, it has sponsored the Alfred Korzybski Memorial Lecture, with presenters from a broad range of disciplines, from science to medicine to entertainment, including names like actor Steve Allen, psychologist Albert Ellis, scientist and visionary R. Buckminster Fuller, linguist Allen Walker Read, and philosopher F. S. C. Northrop. The Institute offers periodic seminars, workshops and conferences and is headquartered in New York City.
Richard Tanner (organist)
Richard James Tanner FRCO is an English organist, choir director, and conductor who was appointed director of music at Saint Thomas Church, Fifth Avenue, in New York City in September 2025, having previously held similar roles at Rugby School and Blackburn Cathedral in the United Kingdom.

Blackburn Cathedral
Blackburn Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Mary the Virgin with Saint Paul, is an Anglican (Church of England) cathedral situated in the heart of Blackburn town centre, in Lancashire, England. The cathedral site has been home to a church for over a thousand years and the first stone church was built there in Norman times.
1968 American Football League season
The 1968 AFL season was the ninth regular season of the American Football League, and its penultimate season prior to the AFL–NFL merger.

The season ended when the New York Jets (11–3) defeated the Oakland Raiders (12–2) in the AFL championship game on December 29 at Shea Stadium in New York City. Two weeks later, the Jets defeated the National Football League's Baltimore Colts in Super Bowl III in one of the biggest sports upsets in history.

The season was also notable as the inaugural season of the Cincinnati Bengals, which expanded the AFL to ten teams.

In anticipation of the merger, all AFL on-field officials wore uniforms similar to those used in the NFL.

1968 NFL season
The 1968 NFL season was the 49th regular season of the National Football League. Per the agreement made during the 1967 realignment, the New Orleans Saints and the New York Giants switched divisions; the Saints joined the Century Division while the Giants became part of the Capitol Division.

The season ended when the Baltimore Colts defeated the Cleveland Browns in the NFL Championship Game, only to be defeated by the American Football League's New York Jets in Super Bowl III 16–7 at the Orange Bowl in Miami. Subsequently, it was the first time in the history of professional football in which the NFL champion was not crowned as the world champion. One year later, this feat would be repeated, as the AFL champion Kansas City Chiefs defeated the NFL champion Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV.
London Nahi Jaunga
London Nahi Jaunga  (transl. I will not go to London) is a 2022 Pakistani Urdu and Punjabi-language drama comedy film, directed by Nadeem Baig, produced by Humayun Saeed under the banner of Six Sigma Plus, and written by Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar. It is a spin-off of the 2017 film Punjab Nahi Jaungi (lit. 'I won't go to Punjab'). It stars Huamayun Saeed and Mehwish Hayat alongside Sohail Ahmed, Kubra Khan, Asif Raza Mir and Saba Faisal in supporting roles.

The film was released theatrically on 10 July 2022 on the occasion of Eid al-Adha and received mixed reviews from critics. It is currently the second highest-grossing Pakistani film of 2022 and the third-highest-grossing Pakistani film of all time.

Kubra Khan
Rabia Iqbal Khan (Urdu: رابعہ اقبال خان) known by her stage name Kubra Khan (Urdu: کبریٰ خان; born 16 June 1993), is a Pakistani actress who works in Urdu television and films. She made her debut in 2014 with the film Na Maloom Afraad. Khan is described among the nation's highest-paid actresses by the media.

Khan has appeared in  successful films such as Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2, Parwaaz Hai Junoon (both 2018), and London Nahi Jaunga (2022). She made her television debut with Sang-e-Mar Mar (2016) followed by several dramas including Alif Allah Aur Insaan (2017), Alif (2019), Hum Kahan Ke Sachay Thay and Sinf-e-Aahan (both in 2021), Jannat Se Aagay (2023) and Noor Jahan (2024).
Patrick Proisy
Patrick Proisy (French: [patʁik pʁwazi]; born 10 September 1949) is a French former professional tennis player best remembered for reaching the final of the French Open in 1972 (where he beat top seed and defending champion Jan Kodeš in the quarter-finals and fourth seed Manuel Orantes in the semi-finals before losing the final against sixth seeded Spaniard Andrés Gimeno in four sets). He added to that one more final (in Florence, 1976) and singles titles in Hilversum, 1977 and Perth, 1972. Proisy reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 16 in October 1972.

Andrés Gimeno
Andrés Gimeno Tolaguera (3 August 1937 – 9 October 2019) was a Spanish tennis player. His greatest achievement came in 1972, when he won the French Open and became the oldest first-time Grand Slam champion in the Open era at 34 years of age.
Ray (The Promised Neverland)
Ray (Japanese: レイ, Hepburn: Rei) is a character in the manga series The Promised Neverland, created by Kaiu Shirai and Posuka Demizu. Ray is an 11-year-old boy living at Grace Field House. Like Emma and Norman, Ray consistently gets perfect scores on his daily exams. He is known for being an avid reader with high intellectual abilities, blunt skepticism and cunning.

In the anime adaptation, he is voiced by Mariya Ise in Japanese and by Laura Stahl in the English version. In the live-action film adaptation, he is portrayed by Kairi Jo and Ruito Yamashiro.

Ray has ranked highly in various awards and polls. In 2020, he was awarded the Joint Character Wildcard at the 6th Anime Trending Awards. He was also praised for his character development and for his important role in the series.

Mariya Ise
Mariya Ise (伊瀬 茉莉也, Ise Mariya; born September 25, 1988) is a Japanese actress who specializes in voice acting.

She played Riko Mine in Hidan no Aria, Urara Kasugano/Cure Lemonade in Yes! PreCure 5 and its sequels GoGo! and Power of Hope: PreCure Full Bloom, Killua Zoldyck in Hunter × Hunter (2011), Ray in The Promised Neverland, Midari Ikishima in Kakegurui – Compulsive Gambler, Reg in Made in Abyss, Eureka (Bonnie in the English dub) in Pokémon the Series: XY, Stocking in Panty & Stocking with Garterbelt, and Levy McGarden in Fairy Tail.
Wisconsin's 6th Assembly district
The 6th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in northeast Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Menominee County, most of Shawano County, and parts of western Oconto County, northeast Waupaca County, and northwest Brown County, including the cities of Shawano, Clintonville, and Gillett, and the villages of Bonduel, Bowler, Cecil, Embarrass, and Pulaski.  It also contains the Menominee Indian Reservation and the Stockbridge–Munsee Community. The district is represented by Republican Elijah Behnke, since January 2025; Behnke previously represented the 89th district from May 2021 to January 2025.

The 6th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 2nd Senate district, along with the 4th and 5th Assembly districts.

Wisconsin's 2nd Senate district
The 2nd Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in northeast Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Menominee County along with the southern half of Oconto County, the eastern half of Shawano County, and much of eastern Outagamie County and northwest Brown County.  It includes the cities of Oconto, Oconto Falls, Clintonville, and Shawano, and the villages of Bonduel, Howard, Little Chute, Seymour, and Suamico, along with parts of the cities of Green Bay, Appleton, and Kaukauna.  The district also contains the entirety of the Oneida and Menominee Indian reservations.
Calum Scott
Calum Scott (born 12 October 1988) is an English singer and songwriter. He rose to prominence in April 2015 after competing on the ITV talent contest Britain's Got Talent, where he performed a cover of Robyn's hit "Dancing on My Own" and earned a Golden Buzzer from Simon Cowell. After placing sixth in the contest, he released his own version of the song as a single the following year, which peaked at number two on the UK singles chart and became Britain's best-selling single of summer 2016.

Scott later signed with Capitol and in 2017, released the single "You Are the Reason", which amassed more than one billion views on YouTube. His debut album, Only Human, followed in 2018 and reached number four on the UK Albums Chart. Scott achieved his second UK top five single with "Where Are You Now", a 2021 collaboration with Lost Frequencies.

Only Human (Calum Scott album)
Only Human is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Calum Scott, released on 9 March 2018 through Capitol Records. The album was re-released in November 2018 as the "special edition" featuring four additional tracks.
Netball Singapore Nations Cup
The Netball Singapore Nations Cup  is an annual netball tournament organised and hosted by Netball Singapore. The inaugural tournament was played in 2006 and was won by Singapore. The host nation is the tournament's most successful team, winning three tournaments.

The tournament was not held between 2020 - 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2025, Kenya became the only other country to win back-to-back Nations Cup titles after Singapore in 2006 & 2007.

Singapore national netball team
The Singapore national netball team are the national netball team representing Singapore. The Singapore team have competed at the Netball World Cup eleven times (1967, 1975, 1983, 1991, 1995, 1999, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023) and hosted the World Cup twice (1983, 2011).

They have won four Asian Netball Championships (2005, 2012, 2014, 2024), three Nations Cup titles (2006, 2007 and 2023) and one Southeast Asian Games gold medal (2015).

In 2005, the team won their first Asian Netball Championship with a win over the Malaysian team, scoring 53–39 in the finals.

In 2015, the team clinched the Southeast Asian Games gold medal edging out rivals Malaysia, 46-43 in the final.

As of 1st September 2025, Singapore are 22nd on the World Netball Rankings. The team was also named 2025 Team of the Year (Team Sport) at the Singapore Sports Awards.
Teresa Fuster
María Teresa Fuster Amades (born 28 October 1974), also known as Bito Fuster or Teresa Fuster, is a retired Spanish rhythmic gymnast. She was World champion in 1991 and two-time European champion in 1992. The generation of gymnasts that she was part of is known by the nickname "Primeras Chicas de Oro". Fuster is tied with Lorea Elso, Marta Baldó and Estela Giménez for the Spanish rhythmic gymnast with the most medals in World Championships, with a total of 8. She was also part of the Spanish female rugby national team.

Gemma Royo
Gemma Royo Lorte (born 20 March 1975) is a Spanish retired rhythmic gymnast. She was World champion in 1991 and two-time European champion in 1992. The generation of gymnasts that she was part of is known by the nickname "Primeras Chicas de Oro".
Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.

Uvaria
Uvaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Annonaceae. The generic name Uvaria is derived from the Latin uva, 'grape', because the fruit of some species in the genus resemble grapes. Species are distributed throughout the Old World tropics.
2023 Gary, Indiana, mayoral election
The 2023 Gary, Indiana, mayoral election was held on November 7, 2023, to elect the mayor of Gary, Indiana. Primary elections were held on May 2. Incumbent mayor Jerome Prince ran for re-election to a second term in office, but lost the Democratic primary to state senator Eddie Melton. This election marked the first time in the history of Gary, Indiana, that a one-term mayor was defeated in a reelection bid. Melton defeated Republican nominee Andrew Delano in the general election.

Eddie Melton
Eddie Melton (born 26 January 1981)  is an American politician who has served as the 22nd mayor of Gary, Indiana since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, Melton served in the Indiana Senate as the Senator for Indiana Senate District 3. He also serves as Deputy Chair of the Indiana Democratic Party where he has focused on equity and inclusion.
Buzz Clifford
Reese Francis Clifford III (October 8, 1941 – January 26, 2018), known professionally as Buzz Clifford, was an American pop singer and songwriter. His biggest success came with his recording of the novelty song "Baby Sittin' Boogie" (1961), which peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Baby Sittin' Boogie
"Baby Sittin' Boogie" is a novelty song written by Johnny Parker and performed by Buzz Clifford. The song is about a man who visits his girl, who is babysitting. There, he performs a song, while the baby sings along, making funny baby sounds.

It reached #4 in Norway, #6 on the Billboard pop chart, #17 on the UK Singles Chart, #27 on the R&B chart, and #28 on the U.S. country chart in 1961.  The song was featured on his 1961 album, Baby Sittin' with Buzz Clifford.

The song was arranged by Tony Piano.

The single ranked #67 on Billboard's Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1961.
Lyell Glacier
Lyell Glacier is in the Sierra Nevada of California. The glacier was discovered by John Muir in 1871, and was the largest glacier in Yosemite National Park. It lies on the northern slopes of Mount Lyell.

The glacier has retreated since the end of the Little Ice Age in the mid-19th century.  During the mid-20th Century, the glacier split into two smaller glaciers occupying the high cirques of Mount Lyell. 
Since 1883, the glacier area has retreated up to 70 percent. Another glacier, the Maclure Glacier on nearby Mount Maclure, has also retreated significantly.

According to a study in 2013, today the Lyell is no longer a glacier, having lost any movement and thus it should be considered an ice field.

Maclure Glacier
Maclure Glacier (also McClure Glacier) is on Mount Maclure in the Sierra Nevada crest of Yosemite National Park in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The glacier is named after William Maclure. Like most glaciers in the Sierra Nevada, Maclure Glacier is a small cirque glacier that is .20 mi (0.32 km) long and covers an area of only .08 sq mi (0.21 km2). The mean elevation of the glacier is around 11,400 ft (3,500 m). Both the Maclure Glacier and the Lyell Glacier, located nearby on Mount Lyell, have retreated since their first discovery.
Kelly Groucutt
Kelly Groucutt (born Michael William Groucutt; 8 September 1945 – 19 February 2009) was an English musician best known as the bassist and secondary vocalist for the rock band Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) between 1974 and 1982.

Bev Bevan
Beverley "Bev" Bevan (born 25 November 1944) is an English rock musician who was the drummer and one of the original members of the Move and Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). After the end of ELO in 1986, he founded ELO Part II.

Bevan also was a drummer for Black Sabbath during the Born Again Tour, and later played percussion on The Eternal Idol in 1987. Bevan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 as a member of Electric Light Orchestra.
Carol of the Bells (film)
Carol of the Bells (Polish: Szczedryk, Ukrainian: «Щедрик», romanized: Shchedryk) is a Ukrainian historical drama directed by Olesia Morhunets-Isaienko based on the script by Kseniia Zastavska, released in Ukraine on 5 January 2023. The world premiere took place on 4 March 2022. The distributors of the film are Film.UA Distribution and Kinomania Film Distribution. Also known as Szczedryk (Poland) and «Щедрик» (Ukraine).

The film tells about the life of three families of different nationalities: Ukrainians, Poles and Jews, united by a common misfortune — war. After the repressive system of the USSR, they experience the punishing machine of the Nazi Germany.

Olesia Morhunets-Isaienko
Olesia Morhunets-Isaienko (Ukrainian: Олеся Моргунець-Ісаєнко; born November 17, 1984, in Kozelets, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian film director, producer, editor, screenwriter, member of the Ukrainian Film Academy. Wife of Andrii Isaienko.
Outsideinside
Outsideinside is the second album by American rock trio Blue Cheer.  Philips Records released the album in August 1968, only seven months after their debut LP, Vincebus Eruptum.

The album was recorded both outdoors and indoors—hence the title of the album. The songs include contributions from all members, along with two covers: "Satisfaction" by the Rolling Stones and "The Hunter" by Albert King.

Outsideinside reached number 90 on the Billboard 200 album chart. "Just a Little Bit" was the first single from the album; it peaked at number 92 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart.

Vincebus Eruptum
Vincebus Eruptum (/vɪŋˈkeɪbəs ɪˈrʌptəm/; pseudo-Latin) is the debut album of American rock band Blue Cheer. Released on January 16, 1968, the album features a heavy-thunderous blues sound, which would later be known as heavy metal.

A commercial and critical success, Vincebus Eruptum peaked at number 11 on the Billboard 200 albums chart and spawned the number 14 hit cover of Eddie Cochran's "Summertime Blues". Being an example of hard rock, it is also lauded as one of the first heavy metal albums. Spin magazine placed it at number 22 on their list of the 40 greatest metal albums, declaring the album, "Proto-metal, but also the birthplace of grunge."
Iron and Steel Act 1949
The Iron and Steel Act 1949 (12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6. c. 72) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which nationalised, or bought into state control, elements of the iron and steel industry in Great Britain. It established an Iron and Steel Corporation which acquired certain iron and steel companies. In a departure from earlier nationalisations the Corporation only acquired the share capital of the companies, not the undertakings themselves. The individual companies continued to operate under management Boards appointed by the corporation. The Iron and Steel Act 1949 was one of a number of acts promulgated by the post-war Labour government to nationalise elements of the UK's industrial infrastructure; other acts include the Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946; the Electricity Act 1947; Transport Act 1947 (railways and long-distance road haulage); and the Gas Act 1948.

Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946
The Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 59) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which nationalised, or brought into state control, the coal industry in the United Kingdom. It established the National Coal Board as the managing authority for coal mining and coal processing activities. It also initially provided for the establishment of consumers' councils. The Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946 was the first of a number of Acts promulgated by the post-war Labour government to nationalise elements of the UK's industrial infrastructure; other Acts include the Electricity Act 1947; the Transport Act 1947 (railways and long-distance road haulage); the Gas Act 1948; and the Iron and Steel Act 1949.
Joseph Knight (novel)
Joseph Knight is a historical novel by Scottish author James Robertson published in 2003 by Fourth Estate. It was the Saltire Society Scottish Book of the Year in 2003 and won the Scottish Arts Council Book of the Year Award in 2004. The novel is based on the true story of Joseph Knight, an enslaved African man brought from Jamaica to Scotland, and the novel revolves primarily around the cities of Dundee, near where Robertson was then living, and Edinburgh.

Joseph Knight (slave)
Joseph Knight (fl. 1769–1778) was a man born in Guinea (the general name of West Africa) and there seized into slavery. It appears that the captain of the ship which brought him to Jamaica there sold him to John Wedderburn of Ballindean, Scotland. Wedderburn had Knight serve in his household, and took him along when he returned to Scotland in 1769. On Knight leaving his service, Wedderburn had him arrested and brought before the local justices of the peace.

Inspired by Somersett's Case (1772) in which the courts had held that slavery did not exist under English common law, Knight resisted his claim. Knight won his claim after two appeals in a case that established the principle that Scots law would not uphold the institution of slavery (except in the case of enslaved colliers and salters, who had to wait until 1799 for emancipation).
Michael Teutul
Michael Joseph Teutul (born November 26, 1978) is an American television personality who appeared on the reality programs "Orange County Choppers" American Chopper and American Chopper: Senior vs. Junior.

Paul Jr. Designs
41°31′49″N 74°08′07″W﻿ / ﻿41.5304°N 74.1352°W﻿ / 41.5304; -74.1352

Paul Jr. Designs (PJD) is a motorcycle customizer, based in Montgomery, New York, USA. Paul Teutul Jr. founded the design firm in 2009 after waiting out a one-year non-compete clause with his former company, Orange County Choppers (OCC).

Teutul opened the motorcycle company in April 2010. TLC then commissioned a spin-off series titled American Chopper: Senior vs. Junior, based on the original series American Chopper which ran for 6 seasons, now featuring builds from Orange County Choppers and Paul Jr. Designs.