hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
In:Demand Scotland
In:Demand was the name of a Scottish syndicated radio programme hosted by Romeo. It was produced from Clyde 1's headquarters near Glasgow, airing weeknights 7:00 pm to 10:00 pm on Bauer Place stations in Scotland.

On 17 February 2014 In:Demand England and In:Demand Scotland merged to create a single In:Demand programme with new presenter Stu Tolan, however, the local variations In:Demand Dance and In:Demand Uncut are still broadcast from Bauer's Scotland studios (Clyde 1 and Forth 1) to the Bauer Place stations in Scotland.

In:Demand
In:Demand was the name of an English and Scottish syndicated radio program hosted by Stu Tolan. It was produced from Bauer Radio headquarters in Manchester, airing 1900 to 2200 on Sunday to Thursday nights on Bauer Place stations in England and Scotland.

On 17 February 2014 In:Demand England and In:Demand Scotland merged to create a single In:Demand programme, respective presenters Alex James and Romeo were dropped, with new presenter Stu Tolan introduced.

In October 2014, as part of wider changes to schedules on the Bauer stations, In:Demand was rescheduled to run on Sunday to Thursday nights, replacing prior local/regional Sunday night content including Scotland's In:Demand Uncut; the prior Friday night In:Demand slot was used for a new upbeat music show, Friday Night Floor Fillers.

The feature was dropped by Bauer on Monday 17 August and replaced by regional syndicates.
Pseudomalmea
Pseudomalmea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Annonaceae.

Its native range is Southern Tropical America.

Species:

Pseudomalmea boyacana (J.F.Macbr.) Chatrou

Pseudomalmea darienensis Chatrou

Pseudomalmea diclina (R.E.Fr.) Chatrou

Pseudomalmea wingfieldii Chatrou

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Transkei National Independence Party
The Transkei National Independence Party (TNIP) was a political party in the nominally independent South African Xhosa bantustan of Transkei. It was founded by the Matanzima brothers, Kaiser and George.

The party advocated co-operation with the South African government. As of 1985, the leader of the party was George Matanzima. The party governed Transkei from 1976 until the 1987 coup d'état by Bantu Holomisa.

1987 Transkei coup d'état
The 1987 Transkei coup d'état was a bloodless military coup in Transkei, an unrecognised state and a nominally independent South African homeland for the Xhosa people, which took place on 30 December 1987. The coup was led by the then 32-year-old Major General Bantu Holomisa, the Chief of the Transkei Defence Force, against the government of Prime Minister Stella Sigcau (TNIP). Holomisa suspended the civilian constitution and refused South Africa's repeated demands for a return to civilian rule on the grounds that a civilian government would be a puppet controlled by Pretoria.

A counter-coup staged in 1990 failed, and Holomisa's military government stayed in power until the reunification of Transkei with South Africa in 1994, after the first post-apartheid general election.

The Military Rule Medal was instituted to commemorate the 1987 coup d'état. While the medal is known to have been instituted and awarded, no warrant has yet been traced.
CalorieMate
CalorieMate (カロリーメイト karorīmeito) is a brand of nutritional energy bar and energy gel foods produced by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., in Japan.  It was first released in 1983 debuting with a cheese flavored block. CalorieMate comes in several forms, including Block, Jelly, and Can.  CalorieMate Block (カロリーメイト　ブロック karorīmeito burokku) resembles a bar-shaped cookie (somewhat like a shortbread), sold in packs of either two or four.  CalorieMate Jelly (カロリーメイト　ゼリー karorīmeito zerī) is a gelatin sold in a pouch with a spout.  CalorieMate Can (カロリーメイト　缶 karorīmeito kan) is a canned drink.

Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (大塚製薬株式会社, Ōtsuka Seiyaku Kabushiki-gaisha), abbreviated OPC, is a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The company was established on August 10, 1964.
Eat This Book
Eat This Book is a book by Ryan Nerz which explores the world of competitive eating. Published by St. Martin's Press in 2006, Eat This Book provides a firsthand look into this sometimes controversial sport. Nerz, who spent a year as an emcee for the International Federation of Competitive Eating, has firsthand insight into the competitive eating phenomenon.

Major League Eating
Major League Eating (MLE) is an organization that oversees professional competitive eating events and television specials. The league airs its annual Nathan's Famous Fourth of July International Hot Dog Eating Contest on ESPN.

Brothers Richard and George Shea took over Nathan's publicity in the mid-1990s and were able to increase the exposure and attendance of Nathan's hot dog eating contest. Seeing a business opportunity, the brothers founded International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE) in 1997 as a sanctioning body to oversee, regulate, and organize events and TV deals. IFOCE's professional league became known as Major League Eating.

Major League Eating coordinates events in the United States and Canada.
Mat Osman
Mathew David Osman (born 9 October 1967) is an English musician and author, best known as the bassist in the rock band Suede. Osman and singer Brett Anderson are the only remaining founding members left in Suede, and perform along with drummer Simon Gilbert, who has appeared on many Suede albums. Osman is also a writer; he has written two novels and contributed to various publications. Osman's younger brother by four years is the presenter and author Richard Osman.

Richard Osman
Richard Osman (born 28 November 1970) is an English television presenter, producer, and novelist. He is the creator and former co-presenter of the BBC One television quiz show Pointless. He has presented the BBC Two quiz shows Two Tribes and Richard Osman's House of Games, and been a team captain on the comedy panel shows Insert Name Here and The Fake News Show. He has also made regular appearances on British comedy panel shows including Would I Lie to You?, QI, Have I Got News for You and Taskmaster.

Osman worked at Hat Trick Productions before becoming creative director of the television production company Endemol UK, producing shows including Prize Island for ITV and Deal or No Deal for Channel 4. He is the author of the best-selling Thursday Murder Club mystery novels.
St Mary's Church, Blymhill
St. Mary's Church, Blymhill is an Anglican church in the village of Blymhill, Staffordshire, England (grid reference SJ808122). The building, which is a Grade I listed building, was constructed in the 14th century and restored and extended in the 18th and 19th centuries. It features an Early English south aisle, a Decorated Gothic chancel and a Perpendicular Gothic tower.

Blymhill
Blymhill is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Blymhill and Weston-under-Lizard, in the South Staffordshire district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. It has a church called St Mary's Church. In 1961 the parish had a population of 459. On 1 April 1986 the parish was abolished and merged with Weston-under-Lizard to form "Blymhill and Weston-under-Lizard".
Kuramoto model
The Kuramoto model (or Kuramoto–Daido model), first proposed by Yoshiki Kuramoto (蔵本 由紀, Kuramoto Yoshiki), is a mathematical model used in describing synchronization. More specifically, it is a model for the behavior of a large set of coupled oscillators. Its formulation was motivated by the behavior of systems of chemical and biological oscillators, and it has found widespread applications in areas such as neuroscience and oscillating flame dynamics. Kuramoto was quite surprised when the behavior of some physical systems, namely coupled arrays of Josephson junctions, followed his model.

The model makes several assumptions, including that there is weak coupling, that the oscillators are identical or nearly identical, and that interactions depend sinusoidally on the phase difference between each pair of objects.

Synchronization
Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or in time. Systems that operate with all parts in synchrony are said to be synchronous or in sync—and those that are not are asynchronous.

Today, time synchronization can occur between systems around the world through satellite navigation signals and other time and frequency transfer techniques.
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by most of the nations of Europe. It is based at three sites: Shinfield Park, Reading, United Kingdom; Bologna, Italy; and Bonn, Germany. It operates one of the largest supercomputer complexes in Europe and the world's largest archive of numerical weather prediction data.

Shinfield
Shinfield is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Wokingham, Berkshire, England. It lies just south of Reading, around 3 miles (4.8 km) from the town centre, and covers an area of 4,313 acres (17.45 km2). Shinfield Park is the northern part of the parish, becoming physically separated from Reading when the M4 motorway was constructed in 1971.
Dmitry Galkovsky
Dmitry Yevgenyevich Galkovsky (Russian: Дмитрий Евгеньевич Галковский; born 4 June 1960 in the USSR) is a Russian writer, journalist, philosopher and blogger. He is best-known as the author of the novel The Infinite Deadlock (Бесконечный тупик).

Anti-Booker prize
The Anti-Booker prize (Russian: Антибукер) was a Russian literary award that existed between 1995 and 2001. Established by newspaper Nezavisimaya Gazeta using money of Boris Berezovsky. Its name refers to British-sponsored Russian Booker and differences are:

prize was to be one dollar more than the Russian Booker

not limited to novels, but has five nominations (also poetry, stageplays, literary critics and memoirs)

current year's works were awarded.
Arthur Li
Arthur Li Kwok-cheung, GBM, GBS JP (Chinese: 李國章; born 27 June 1945) is a Hong Kong doctor and politician. He is currently member of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the chairman of the Council of the University of Hong Kong (HKU). He was Vice-Chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) from 1996 to 2002 and Secretary for Education and Manpower from 2002 to 2007. Li’s dictatorial and ruthless leadership style led some to refer to him as "King Arthur" and even "the Tsar". He is the grandson of the co-founder of the Bank of East Asia, Li Koon-chun, and brother of its current chairman, David Li. He was awarded the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GBM) by the Hong Kong SAR Government in 2017.

Gold Bauhinia Star
The Gold Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 金紫荊星章, GBS) is the highest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

It is awarded to individuals who have given distinguished service to the community or rendered public or voluntary services of a very high degree of merit.
Balestier Constituency
Balestier was a constituency represented in the Legislative Council of Singapore from 1951 until 1955. In 1955, the constituency was abolished and split into Cairnhill, Farrer Park, Serangoon and Whampoa constituencies.

Cairnhill Single Member Constituency
Cairnhill Single Member Constituency (SMC) was a former single member constituency in Singapore. It used to exist from 1955 to 1988 as Cairnhill Constituency and was renamed as Cairnhill Single Member Constituency (SMC) as part of Singapore's political reforms. The SMC was merged into Kampong Glam Group Representation Constituency (GRC) in 1991.

Lim Kim San was the elected Member of Parliament from 1959 to 1980 and then Wong Kwei Cheong from 1980 to 1991.
Turri, Sardinia
Turri is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Medio Campidano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Sanluri. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 500 and an area of 9.6 square kilometres (3.7 sq mi).

Turri borders the following municipalities: Baradili, Baressa, Genuri, Pauli Arbarei, Setzu, Tuili, Ussaramanna.

Baressa
Baressa (Sardinian: Arèssa) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Oristano.

Baressa borders the following municipalities: Baradili, Gonnoscodina, Gonnosnò, Siddi, Simala, Turri, and Ussaramanna.
TAROM
TAROM (Romanian pronunciation: [taˈrom]; legally Compania Națională de Transporturi Aeriene Române TAROM S.A.) is the flag carrier and oldest currently operating airline of Romania, based in Otopeni near Bucharest. Its headquarters and its main hub are at Henri Coandă International Airport. It is currently the first and largest airline operating in Romania based on international destinations, international flights and the second-largest measured by fleet size and passengers carried.

The brand name is an acronym of the Romanian: Transporturile Aeriene Române (Romanian Air Transport). Over ninety-seven percent (97.22%) of TAROM is owned by the Romanian Government (Ministry of Transport). The airline transported almost 2.75 million passengers in 2018, with an average load factor of 74%. The airline joined SkyTeam on 25 June 2010.

ATR 42
The ATR 42 is a regional airliner produced by Franco-Italian manufacturer ATR, with final assembly in Toulouse, France.

On 4 November 1981, the aircraft was launched with ATR, as a joint venture between French Aérospatiale (now part of Airbus) and Aeritalia (now Leonardo S.p.A.).
The ATR 42-300 performed its maiden flight on 16 August 1984 and type certification was granted during September 1985.
Launch customer Air Littoral operated its first revenue-earning flight in December of that year.

The high-wing airliner is powered by two turboprop engines, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120s.
The number "42" in its name is derived from the aircraft's original standard seating capacity of 42 passengers.

Later variants are upgraded with new avionics, a glass cockpit, and newer engine versions.
The ATR 42 is the basis for the stretched ATR 72, introduced in October 1989.
Renshou Giant Buddha
Renshou Giant Buddha (traditional Chinese: 仁壽大佛; simplified Chinese: 仁寿大佛; pinyin: Rénshòu Dàfó), also known as Niujiaozhai Giant Buddha (牛角寨大佛), is a large stone Buddha located within Renshou County, Sichuan. It is 60 kilometers south of Chengdu. The Buddha was carved in 707 during the Tang dynasty. It was constructed six years earlier in the nearby famous Leshan Giant Buddha. Located around the statue are over 101 shrines belonging to Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism.

Renshou County
Renshou County (simplified Chinese: 仁寿县; traditional Chinese: 仁壽縣; pinyin: Rénshòu Xiàn) is a county in Meishan City, Sichuan Province of China.  It is located in Middle-West of Sichuan Basin. It has an area of 2,716.86 km2 (1,048.99 sq mi), and population of 1,110,017 in 2020. Founded in the Qin dynasty. Its name may derive from the first Sui Dynasty emperor's palace located in Shaanxi province, Renshou palace. During the Southern Dynasties it was called Huairen County (怀仁县) and in the Western Wei of the Northern Dynasties it was called Puning County (普宁县). Its name was changed to Renshou in 598 during the Sui Dynasty.
Bila Seyo
Bila Seyo was one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia of Ethiopia. It was divided between Gobu Seyo and Gudeya Bila woredas. Part of the East Welega Zone, Bila Seyo was bordered on the south by Wama Bonaya, on the southwest by Sibu Sire, on the west by Guto Wayu, on the north by Abe Dongoro, on the northeast by Jimma Horo, and on the east by the West Shewa Zone. The administrative center of the woreda was Ano; other towns in Bila Seyo included Bila and Jare.

Guto Wayu
Guto Wayu was one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia of Ethiopia. It was divided between Guto Gida, Wayu Tuka woredas and Nekemte town. Part of the East Welega Zone, Guto Wayu was bordered on the south by Nunu Kumba, on the southwest by Jimma Arjo and Diga Leka, on the west by Sasiga, on the northwest by Limmu and Gida Kiremu, on the northeast by Bila Seyo, on the east by Sibu Sire, and on the southeast by Wama Bonaya. The administrative center of the woreda was Nekemte, which is also the Zonal capital; other towns included Gute.
History of the Jews in Italy
The history of the Jews in Italy spans more than two thousand years to the present. The Jewish presence in Italy dates to the pre-Christian Roman period and has continued, despite periods of extreme persecution and expulsions, until the present. As of 2019, the estimated core Jewish population in Italy numbers around 45,000. In 2023, the Center for Studies of New Religions estimated the total at 36,000 while the Union of Italian Jewish Communities put the number at 27,000.

History of the Jews in Calabria
The history of the Jews in Calabria reaches back over two millennia. Calabria (Hebrew: קלבריה) is at the very south of the Italian peninsula, to which it is connected by the Monte Pollino massif, while on the east, south and west it is surrounded by the Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas. Jews have had a presence in Calabria for at least 1600 years and possibly as much as 2300 years. Calabrian Jews have had notable influence on many areas of Jewish life and culture. The Jews of Calabria are virtually identical to the neighbouring Jews of Sicily but are considered separate. However, the Jews of Calabria and the Jews of Apulia are historically the same community, only today are considered separate. Occasionally, there is confusion with the southern Jewish community in Calabria and the northern Jewish community in Reggio Emilia. Both communities have always been entirely separate.
GNU Scientific Library
The GNU Scientific Library (or GSL) is a software library for numerical computations in applied mathematics and science. The GSL is written in C; wrappers are available for other programming languages. The GSL is part of the GNU Project and is distributed under the GNU General Public License.

Netlib
Netlib is a repository of software for scientific computing maintained by AT&T, Bell Laboratories, the University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Netlib comprises many separate programs and libraries. Most of the code is written in C and Fortran, with some programs in other languages.
Nana Glen, New South Wales
Nana Glen is a small village in New South Wales, Australia, located 25 km inland north-west of Coffs Harbour in the City of Coffs Harbour. It is located on the Orara Way and at the juncture of two main roads, one leading to Lower Bucca. The Orara Way (formerly known as Coramba Road) is the main thoroughfare through the township and is an alternative route between Grafton and Coffs Harbour. Nana Glen is situated between the township of Coramba and Glenreagh. The local Mayor is Alison Johnson MD.

The film actor Russell Crowe has a 320 hectare property in Nana Glen, where his parents live, which as a result has become famous in Australia.

Archie Hunter Park, which is on the Orara River, is a place for a picnic and a swim.

City of Coffs Harbour
The City of Coffs Harbour (also known as the Coffs Harbour City Council) is a local government area in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The area under administration is 1,175 square kilometres (454 sq mi), expanded in 2004 to take in parts of the former Pristine Waters local government area.

The administrative seat is located in Coffs Harbour; and the area is adjacent to the Pacific Highway, and the North Coast railway line.

The mayor of the City of Coffs Harbour is Nikki Williams, who is an Independent National politician.
Amidaji Kofun Cluster
The Amidaji Kofun cluster (阿弥大寺古墳群) is a group of three late Yayoi period burial mounds located in the Shimofukuda neighborhood of the city of  Kurayoshi, Tottori Prefecture in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus group was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1981.

Kurayoshi, Tottori
Kurayoshi (倉吉市, Kurayoshi-shi) is a city located in the central part of Tottori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2021, the city had an estimated population of 44,969 in 20,609 households and a population density of 170 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 272.06 square kilometres (105.04 sq mi).
HMS Liffey (1904)
HMS Liffey was a Laird-type River-class destroyer ordered by the Royal Navy under the 1903 – 1904 Naval Estimates. Named after the River Liffey flowing through Dublin, she was the third and final ship to carry this name since it was introduced in 1813 for a 50-gun 4th rate sold in 1827.

River-class destroyer (1903)
The River-class destroyer (re-designated in 1913 as the E class)  was a class of torpedo boat destroyer built for the Royal Navy in the first few years of the 20th century, and which saw extensive service in World War I. These 37 vessels (33 formally ordered under three annual construction programmes, plus another three built on speculation and then purchased by the Admiralty, and a final unit building in Italy for the Portuguese Navy and purchased in 1915) were all constructed to disparate builders' designs, just like the preceding classes.

The class introduced new features to destroyer design, placing a greater emphasis on seakeeping and endurance and less on a high maximum speed in good weather. All the ships were named after British, Irish and Portuguese rivers, and as such were the first Royal Navy destroyer class to be named systematically.
East Anatolian Fault
The East Anatolian Fault (EAF; Turkish: Doğu Anadolu Fay Hattı) is a ~700 km long major strike-slip fault zone running from eastern to south-central Turkey.  It forms the transform type tectonic boundary between the Anatolian sub-plate and the northward-moving Arabian plate. The difference in the relative motions of the two plates is manifest in the left lateral motion along the fault. The East and North Anatolian faults together accommodate the westward motion of the Anatolian sub-plate as it is squeezed out by the ongoing collision between the Arabian plate and the Eurasian plate.

The East Anatolian Fault runs in a northeasterly direction, starting from the Maraş triple junction at the northern end of the Dead Sea Transform, and ending at the Karlıova triple junction where it meets the North Anatolian Fault. Another 350 km (220 mi) strand of the fault exists north of the main strand known as the Sürgü–Misis Fault System.

Arabian plate
The Arabian plate is a minor tectonic plate in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.

It is one of the three continental plates (along with the African and Indian plates) that have been moving northward in geological history and colliding with the Eurasian plate. This collision is resulting in a mingling of plate pieces and mountain ranges extending in the west from the Pyrenees, crossing Southern Europe to Iranian plateau, forming the Alborz and the Zagros Mountains, to the Himalayas and ranges of Southeast Asia.