hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pinsky phenomenon
In mathematics, the Pinsky phenomenon is a result in Fourier analysis. This  phenomenon was discovered by Mark Pinsky of Northwestern University. It involves the spherical inversion of the Fourier transform.
The phenomenon involves a lack of convergence at a point due to a discontinuity at boundary.
This lack of convergence in the Pinsky phenomenon happens far away from the boundary of the discontinuity, rather than at the discontinuity itself seen in the Gibbs phenomenon. This non-local phenomenon is caused by a lensing effect.

Gibbs phenomenon
In mathematics, the Gibbs phenomenon is the oscillatory behavior of the Fourier series of a piecewise continuously differentiable periodic function around a jump discontinuity. The th partial Fourier series of the function (formed by summing the  lowest constituent sinusoids of the Fourier series of the function) produces large peaks around the jump which overshoot and undershoot the function values. As more sinusoids are used, this approximation error approaches a limit of about 9% of the jump, though the infinite Fourier series sum does eventually converge almost everywhere.

The Gibbs phenomenon was observed by experimental physicists and was believed to be due to imperfections in the measuring apparatus, but it is in fact a mathematical result. It is one cause of ringing artifacts in signal processing. It is named after Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Opus III (band)
Opus III were an English electronic music group who had success on the UK Singles and U.S. Dance charts. The group consisted of vocalist Kirsty Hawkshaw and producers/musicians Kevin Dodds, Ian Munro and Nigel Walton. The group members promoted an environmental and feminist message through their lyrics, liner notes and photo and music videos. Their biggest hit was "It's a Fine Day", which reached number five in the United Kingdom in February 1992. The song had previously been recorded by the singer Jane in 1983, with lyrics sourced from a song by poet Edward Barton.

It's a Fine Day
"It's a Fine Day" is a song written by English poet and musician Edward Barton. It was originally recorded a cappella in 1983 by Jane Lancaster as Jane and later by Opus III, for whom it was a major international hit in 1992.
Ismail Johari
Ismail Johari (13 March 1947 - 16 July 2017) was the author of the Bukit Kepong novel published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) in 1990 and one of the main script writers of the Bukit Kepong film produced by Jins Shamsuddin in 1981, both of which were based on an actual armed incident that took place on 23 February 1950 between the Federation of Malaya Police and gunmen of the Malayan Communist Party during the Malayan Emergency. The Bukit Kepong novel was adopted as the Form 4 secondary school and Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) educational teaching material.

Bukit Kepong incident
Bukit Kepong incident was an armed encounter in 1950 during the Malayan Emergency between the Federation of Malaya Police and the guerrillas of the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA), the armed wing of the Malayan Communist Party (MCP). This conflict took place in an area surrounding the Bukit Kepong police station in Bukit Kepong. The wooden station was located on the river banks of the Muar River, about 59 km from Muar town, Johor.
Lucy Liemann
Lucy Katherine Liemann Harman (born 24 November 1973) is an English actress. After graduation she was spotted at a supermarket by a voice scout who urged her to become a voice artist. Liemann then went on to study acting at the Academy of Live and Recorded Arts. She has worked in theatre, television and film.

Starting in stage productions, she starred in the initial London production of Carl Djerassi's play Phallacy in 2005.

After a series of roles in various standard British television shows, including The Bill and Agatha Christie's Poirot, she played the part of Lucy in the third part of the Jason Bourne film series, The Bourne Ultimatum.

Liemann played recurring character Sam Phillips in the television series Moving Wallpaper, and stars as Reggie Perrin's nubile colleague Jasmine Strauss in the BBC's 2009–10 reprises of the classic tales.

Reggie Perrin
Reggie Perrin is a modern update of the 1970s BBC sitcom The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin, which starred Leonard Rossiter. The revival stars Martin Clunes and was first broadcast on 24 April 2009. Series 1 was released on DVD in Region 2 by 2entertain on 1 June 2009. The second series was released on 22 November 2010.
Delaware Route 20
Delaware Route 20 (DE 20) is an east–west state highway in Sussex County, Delaware. Its western terminus is the Maryland state line in Reliance, where the road continues as Maryland Route 392 (MD 392). Its eastern terminus is DE 54 west of Fenwick Island.  The route runs through rural areas of Sussex County and passes through the towns of Seaford, Millsboro, and Dagsboro. DE 20 intersects U.S. Route 13 (US 13) in Seaford, US 9 in Hardscrabble, US 113 and DE 24 in Millsboro, DE 26 in Dagsboro, and DE 17 in Roxana. DE 20 was originally created by 1936 to run from the Maryland border east to US 113 in Millsboro. By 1970, it was realigned to bypass Seaford. The route was extended east to DE 1 in Fenwick Island by 1994; however, the eastern terminus was cut back to DE 54 in 2005 to avoid the concurrency with that route.

Seaford, Delaware
Seaford is a city located along the Nanticoke River in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Seaford had a population of 7,957. It is part of the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the largest city fully within Sussex County.
Vitiligo
Vitiligo (/ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡoʊ/ VIT-ih-LY-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure, and susceptibility to it may be affected by regional environmental risk factors, especially early in life. Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy, surgery and cosmetics. The condition causes patches of a light peachy color of any size, which can appear on any place on the body; in particular, nonsegmental vitiligo, the common form, tends to progress, affecting more of the skin over time. Vitiligo spots on the skin can also vary in pigmentation over long periods, although they will stay in relatively the same areas.

Autoimmunity
In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents. Any disease resulting from this type of immune response is termed an "autoimmune disease". Prominent examples include celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Henoch–Schönlein purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Addison's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and multiple sclerosis. Autoimmune diseases are very often treated with steroids.

Autoimmunity means presence of antibodies or T cells that react with self-protein and is present in all individuals, even in normal health state. It causes autoimmune diseases if self-reactivity can lead to tissue damage.
Sobor of 1503
Sobor of 1503, also known as the "sobor of widowed priests" (Russian: собор о вдовых попах) was a sobor of the Russian Orthodox Church, which was held in Moscow between August and September 1503. The sobor was convened at the initiative of Simon, Metropolitan of Moscow. The main task of the sobor was to resolve a number of disciplinary matters in respect of which it issued two rulings. However the Sobor is primarily remembered as dealing with the controversy of the 'nestyazhateli' or non-possessors. The non-possessors, lead by Nilus of Sora opposed monastic landownership. They were faced by the possessors (styazhateli), led by Joseph of Volotsk, who asserted that monasteries needed lands to finance their activities. The debate between the possessors and non-possessors would continue until the Stoglav Sobor in 1551.

Non-possessors
The non-possessors (Russian: нестяжатели, romanized: nestyazhateli) belonged to a movement in the Russian Orthodox Church in the early 16th century that opposed ecclesiastical land-ownership. It was led by Nilus of Sora (1433–1508) and later Maximus the Greek (c. 1475–1556) and others. They were opposed to the possessors (styazhateli) led by Joseph of Volokolamsk (1439/1440–1515), whose followers were known as the Josephites and believed that monastic possessions helped monks. The non-possessors were finally defeated at the Stoglav Synod in 1551. Both Nilus and Joseph were canonized.

The non-possessors are similar to other movements in Christianity, the Spiritual Franciscans for example, in that they believed that ownership of land and the Church's possession of wealth in general had corrupted the church.  The non-possessors also believed that the Church should not forcibly convert or persecute heretics or pagans, but should patiently work to convert them to the true faith.
All Things in Time
All Things in Time is an album by American R&B singer Lou Rawls, released in June 1976 on the Philadelphia International Records label. The album includes Rawls's most famous song, "You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine".

You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine
"You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine" is a song written by Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff and performed by R&B and soul singer Lou Rawls on his 1976 album All Things in Time. The song proved to be Rawls' biggest hit, reaching number 1 on both the R&B in September 1976 and Easy Listening charts as well as number 6 on the dance chart and number 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100. This was the first and only time that one of Rawls' records reached Billboard's pop Top Ten.

The single went on to sell over a million copies and was certified gold by the RIAA.
Inishmore Lighthouse
The Inishmore or  Dún Árann Lighthouse, is a decommissioned lighthouse located on the highest point of Inishmore, the largest of the Aran Islands in County Galway, Ireland. It was the first in a series of lighthouses built in the 19th century on the Aran Islands but was poorly positioned and eventually replaced by the Inisheer Lighthouse and the Eeragh Lighthouse. Its deactivation also led to the construction of another lighthouse on Straw Island.

Straw Island Lighthouse
Straw Island Lighthouse is an active aid to navigation on an islet of the same name (Irish: Oileán an Tuí) in Killeany Bay, northeast of Inishmore in County Galway, Ireland. Completed in 1878, it was the last of four lighthouses built in the 19th century on the Aran Islands. The commissioning of Straw Island marked the culmination of a lengthy 24-year campaign by the local islanders to have a lighthouse for safe passage into Killeany Bay and the harbour at Kilronan.
Trouble (Whitesnake album)
Trouble is the debut studio album from British hard rock band Whitesnake, led by former Deep Purple vocalist David Coverdale released in October 1978. It reached No. 50 on the UK Albums Chart. This followed the four-track Snakebite EP, later available in the US as an import album from continental Europe. It received a CD release on 8 April 1988 in the UK. EMI remastered the album in 2007, adding six bonus tracks, mainly rough mixes. The album later received a reissue by EMI/Parlophone in 2006, containing bonus tracks from their previous EP (not counting four David Coverdale's Northwinds tracks previously on the double EP version).

David Coverdale
David Coverdale (born 22 September 1951) is an English retired singer and songwriter best known as the founder and lead singer of the hard rock band Whitesnake.

Coverdale was the lead singer of Deep Purple from 1973 to 1976. He founded Whitesnake in 1978. Whitesnake gained significant popularity in the UK, Europe, and Asia. In 1987, the band released the Whitesnake album. Featuring the hit singles "Here I Go Again" and "Is This Love", the album went multi-platinum and made the band popular in North America. During Whitesnake's first hiatus from 1990 to 1993, Coverdale collaborated with Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page on the album Coverdale–Page, which went platinum. Coverdale has also released three albums as a solo artist.

Coverdale is known for his powerful, blues-tinged voice. In 2016, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Deep Purple.
Waka Tsukiyama
Waka Tsukiyama (月山 和香, Tsukiyama Waka; born January 26, 1992) is an American-born Japanese professional wrestler. She works for World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she a former New Blood Tag Team Champion.

Mina Shirakawa
Mina Shirakawa (白川未奈, Shirakawa Mina; born December 26, 1987) is a Japanese professional wrestler and tarento. As of May 2025, she is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). She also makes appearances for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and Ring of Honor (ROH), where she is a former one-time interim ROH Women's World Television Champion.

Shirakawa first gained recognition for her time in World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she became a two-time Artist of Stardom Champion, one-time Wonder of Stardom Champion, one-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion, and one-time Future of Stardom Champion. She was also a founding member of Cosmic Angels and the leader of Club Venus, later becoming co-leader alongside Maika when the group was rebranded as Empress Nexus Venus.
Botswana Council of Churches
The Botswana Council of Churches (BCC) is an ecumenical Christian organization in Botswana. It was founded in 1966 and is a member of the World Council of Churches and the Fellowship of Christian Councils in Southern Africa.

Fellowship of Christian Councils in Southern Africa
The Fellowship of Christian Councils in Southern Africa (FOCCISA) is an international ecumenical organization. Founded in 1980 as the Fellowship of Christian Councils in East and Southern Africa, it changed to its current name in 1999.

It is a member of the World Council of Churches.

The organization hosts a Health and Gender Justice Network and Economic Justice Network.

The organization regularly speaks out against corruption and violence.
Permission to Dance on Stage – Live
Permission to Dance on Stage – Live is the first live album by South Korean group BTS, released on July 18, 2025, through Big Hit Music. The album was recorded during a live performance of the band's Permission to Dance on Stage tour.

Permission to Dance on Stage
Permission to Dance on Stage was a series of concert performances headlined by South Korean band BTS. Due to COVID-19 restrictions on gatherings and travel, the series included stadium performances with and without live audiences in attendance in lieu of a traditional concert tour; the setlist contained numerous songs from the band's past discographies. The 12-show run began in Seoul, South Korea on October 24, 2021, and concluded in Las Vegas, Nevada on April 16, 2022.
Schweik in Civilian Life
Schweik in Civilian Life (Czech: Švejk v civilu) is a 1927 Czech-Austrian silent comedy film directed by Gustav Machatý and starring Karel Noll, Dina Gralla and Albert Paulig. It is a sequel to the 1926 film The Good Soldier Schweik.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Vilém Rittershain, Hans Ledersteger and Alois Mecera. Location shooting took place in Vienna, Karlovy Vary and Prague.

The Good Soldier Schweik (1926 film)
The Good Soldier Schweik (Czech: Dobrý voják Švejk) is a 1926 Czech black-and-white silent era comedy film directed by Karel Lamač, based on Jaroslav Hašek's novel The Good Soldier Švejk. The first of the Czech films starring Karel Noll, as the Good Soldier Švejk. Of these, it was the most closely based on the original, unfinished novel. Subsequent films continued the original story.
Brill Tramway
The Brill Tramway, also known as the Quainton Tramway, Wotton Tramway, Oxford & Aylesbury Tramroad and Metropolitan Railway Brill Branch, was a six-mile (10 km)  rail line in the Aylesbury Vale, Buckinghamshire, England. It was privately built in 1871 by the 3rd Duke of Buckingham as a horse tram line to help transport goods between his lands around Wotton House and the national rail network. Lobbying from the nearby village of Brill led to its extension to Brill and conversion to passenger use in early 1872. Two locomotives were bought, but trains still travelled at an average speed of 4 miles per hour (6 km/h).

Brill, Buckinghamshire
Brill is a village and civil parish in west Buckinghamshire, England, close to the border with Oxfordshire. It is about 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Long Crendon and 7 miles (11 km) south-east of Bicester. At the 2011 Census, the population of the civil parish was 1,141. Brill has a royal charter to hold a weekly market, but has not done so for years.
Fred Frith Guitar Quartet
The Fred Frith Guitar Quartet was an American-based contemporary classical and experimental music guitar quartet comprising Fred Frith, René Lussier, Nick Didkovsky and Mark Stewart. The group was formed in 1989 by Frith and they performed extensively across North America and Europe for the next ten years, including at the 14th Festival International de Musique Actuelle de Victoriaville in Victoriaville, Quebec, Canada in May 1997. They recorded their first album, Ayaya Moses in 1996, and released a live album, Upbeat in 1999.

The quartet experimented with guitar music, composing and performing their own material, improvising, and re-arranging existing guitar pieces by other composers. Their music varied from "tuneful and pretty, to noisy, aggressive and quite challenging."

Upbeat (album)
Upbeat (also sometimes referred to as UpBeat or Up Beat) is a 1999 live and studio album by the Fred Frith Guitar Quartet, an American-based contemporary classical and experimental music guitar quartet comprising Fred Frith, René Lussier, Nick Didkovsky and Mark Stewart. It is their second album, after Ayaya Moses (1997), and was released by Canadian record label, Ambiances Magnétiques. The live material was drawn from concerts the quartet had performed in Germany, Switzerland, France and Spain in November 1997. The studio tracks were recorded at Tonstudio Amann in Vienna, Austria, also in November 1997.

The album comprises pieces composed by each of the four members of the quartet, played solo and in the group, plus additional pieces improvised by the quartet. Frith's "No Bones" is an adaption of his song "Bones" from Massacre's 1981 album, Killing Time.
1973–74 Texaco (All-Ireland) Cup
The 1973–74 Texaco (All-Ireland) Cup was the 1st edition of the Texaco (All-Ireland) Cup, an association football cup competition featuring teams from Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The tournament was a version of the Texaco Cup that featured teams solely from Ireland; teams from both jurisdictions had previously competed in the Texaco Cup but had not participated the previous season due to security concerns.

Portadown won the title, defeating Bohemians 5–3 on aggregate in the two-legged final.

Portadown F.C.
Portadown Football Club is a professional Northern Irish football club who play in the NIFL Premiership.

The club was formed in 1887 as a junior team seeking to participate in the Mid-Ulster Cup, eventually joining the Irish League with the support of other local clubs in 1924. Portadown are part of the Mid-Ulster F.A.

They are based in Portadown, County Armagh and play their home matches at Shamrock Park. The club's colours are red and white. Their home are kit consists of red shirts, red shorts and red socks with white trim on all.

The club badge shows an apple due to Armagh being the 'Orchard County', a shamrock for their home venue and location in Ireland, and a rose for the McGredy family rose growers. The red and white stripes represent Portadown railway station as the 'Hub of the North'.

The club's main rivals are Glenavon, with their matches being known as the "Mid Ulster Derby". The club also has a longstanding rivalry with Glentoran.
Patricia Zipprodt
Patricia Zipprodt (February 24, 1925 – July 17, 1999) was an American costume designer. She was known for her technique of painting fabrics and thoroughly researching a project's subject matter, especially when it was a period piece. During a career that spanned four decades, she worked with such Broadway theatre legends as Jerome Robbins, Harold Prince, Gower Champion, David Merrick, and Bob Fosse.

Harold Prince
Harold Smith Prince (born Harold Smith; January 30, 1928 – July 31, 2019), commonly known as Hal Prince, was an American theater director and producer known for his work in musical theater.

One of the foremost figures in 20th-century American theater, Prince became associated throughout his career with many of the most noteworthy musicals in Broadway history, including West Side Story, Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret, Sweeney Todd, and Phantom of the Opera, the longest-running show in Broadway history. Many of his productions broke new ground for musical theater, expanding the possibilities of the form by incorporating more serious and political subjects, such as Nazism (Cabaret), the difficulties of marriage (Company), and the forcible opening of 19th-century Japan (Pacific Overtures).

Over the span of his career, he garnered a record 21 Tony Awards, including eight for Direction, eight for producing the year's Best Musical, two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three Special Awards.
Cannonball House (Edinburgh)
Cannonball House is a 17th-century town house on the Royal Mile in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was built in 1630 and substantially renovated in the early 20th century. It takes its name from a cannonball embedded in its western wall. The building is protected as a Category A listed building.

Royal Mile
55°57′02″N 3°11′08″W﻿ / ﻿55.95056°N 3.18556°W﻿ / 55.95056; -3.18556

The Royal Mile (Scottish Gaelic: Am Mìle Rìoghail) is a series of streets forming the main thoroughfare of the Old Town of Edinburgh, Scotland. The term originated in the early 20th century and has since entered popular usage.

The Royal Mile runs between Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace, two significant locations in the royal history of Scotland, and is almost exactly one mile long. From west to east, and running downhill, it comprises the Castle Esplanade, Castlehill, the Lawnmarket, the High Street, the Canongate and Abbey Strand. It is the busiest tourist street in the Old Town.

The Royal Mile contains shops, restaurants, public houses, and visitor attractions. During the annual Edinburgh Fringe, the High Street becomes crowded with tourists, entertainers, and buskers. Parliament Square is at the heart of Scotland's legal system, being the home of both the High Court of Justiciary and the Court of Session.
Peppermint Twist
"Peppermint Twist" is a song written by Joey Dee and Henry Glover, recorded and released by Joey Dee and the Starliters in 1961.  Capitalizing on the Twist dance craze and the nightclub in which Dee performed ("The Peppermint Lounge"), the song hit No.1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in early 1962. It replaced Chubby Checker's "The Twist", the song that sparked the Twist fad, at the No. 1 position.

It should not be confused with "The Peppermint Twist", which is a different song written by Danny Lamego, whose group Danny Peppermint and the Jumping Jacks had a #54 Billboard hit with it in December 1961. Danny Peppermint performed at that time at The Peppermint Lounge in Manhattan, after which both songs are named, as did Joey Dee And The Starliters who went on to have the bigger hit.

Joey Dee and the Starliters
Joey Dee and the Starliters  (also credited as Joey Dee and the Starlighters) is an American popular music group.  The group is best known for their million-selling recording "Peppermint Twist" (1961). The group's most notable lineup is considered to be Joey Dee, David Brigati, Larry Vernieri (vocals), Carlton Lattimore (organ), Sam Taylor (guitar) and Willie Davis (drums).
Jimi Hendrix and Joe Pesci played guitar with the group at different times in the 1960s.