hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Latin: Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.

Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bologna. He was considered in his own day and by posterity as a fine canonist. On the strength of this reputation, he was called to the Roman Curia by Pope Honorius III. Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal and appointed him governor of the Ancona in 1235. Fieschi was elected pope in 1243 and took the name Innocent IV. He inherited an ongoing dispute over lands seized by the Holy Roman Emperor, and the following year he traveled to France to escape imperial plots against him in Rome. He returned to Rome in 1250 after the death of the Emperor Frederick II.

On 15 May 1252 he promulgated the bull  Ad extirpanda  authorizing torture against heretics, equated with ordinary criminals.

Afonso III of Portugal
Afonso III (Afonso Afonso; 5 May 1210 – 16 February 1279), called the Boulonnais (Port. o Bolonhês), was King of Portugal and the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, from 1249. He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and Urraca of Castile; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who died on 4 January 1248.
Battle of Stone Corral
The Battle of Stone Corral, also known as the Gunfight at Stone Corral, occurred in June 1893 and was the final shootout during the pursuit of the Sontag-Evans Gang. After months of searching and several previous encounters, a small posse under the command of Marshal George E. Gard ambushed John Sontag and Chris Evans at a corral near Visalia, California.

Visalia, California
Visalia (/vaɪˈseɪljə, vɪ-/ vy-SAYL-yə, vih-) is a city in the agricultural San Joaquin Valley of California. The population was 141,384 as per the 2020 census. Visalia is the fifth-most populous city in the San Joaquin Valley, the 38th most populous in California, and 183rd in the United States. As the county seat of Tulare County, Visalia serves as the economic and governmental center to one of the most productive agricultural counties in the country.
Mircea Dumitrescu
Mircea Dumitrescu (September 3, 1926 – March 11, 2005) was a film critic, professor and essayist. He was known especially for his cinematography course accompanied by screenings in the main university cities in Romania.

Noesis Cultural Society
The Noesis Cultural Society (Romanian Societatea Culturală Noesis) is a Romanian organization that produces and markets CD-ROM-based works pertaining to Romanian culture and thought. They are based in Bucharest, Romania. "Noesis" is an Ancient Greek word for "thought".

Founded in autumn 1998 by Remus Cernea, among their projects to date as of 2004 are "virtual encyclopedias" on Constantin Brâncuși, Nichita Stănescu, and I.L. Caragiale. They have also produced several "virtual anthologies" of contemporary Romanian artists, writers, and academics. Each of these anthologies has contained the equivalent of fifty ordinary books on a CD-ROM and has sold for a price comparable to a single book. This strategy is particularly interesting for a country where money is generally in short supply, but where most academics and intellectuals have access to computers.
Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.

Maned rat
The maned rat or African crested rat (Lophiomys imhausi) is a nocturnal, long-haired and bushy-tailed East African rodent that superficially resembles a porcupine. The world's only known poisonous rodent, the maned rat sequesters toxins from plants to fend off predators.
Commander McBragg
Commander McBragg is a cartoon character who appeared in short segments (usually 90 seconds) produced by Total Television Productions and animated by Gamma Productions. These segments first appeared around 1964 on the animated series Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales,  and has since appeared in syndicated prints of The Bullwinkle Show, Uncle Waldo's Cartoon Show, and The Underdog Show.

Underdog (TV series)
Underdog, also known as The Underdog Show,  is an American Saturday morning animated television series that ran from October 3, 1964, to March 4, 1967, starting on the NBC network until 1966, with the rest of the run on CBS, under the primary sponsorship of General Mills, for a run of 62 episodes. It is one of the early Saturday morning cartoons. The show went into syndication starting in 1969.

Underdog, Shoeshine Boy's heroic alter ego, appears whenever love interest Sweet Polly Purebred is being victimized by such villains as Simon Bar Sinister or Riff Raff. Underdog always speaks in rhyming couplets, as in "There's no need to fear, Underdog is here!" His voice was supplied by Wally Cox. When appearing as Shoeshine Boy, he described himself as "humble and loveable"; possibly a tongue-in-cheek reference to "mild-mannered reporter" Clark Kent from the opening narration of the Adventures of Superman television series.
2003 Bridgeport Barrage season
The Bridgeport Barrage played their third season, as a charter member of the MLL, during the 2003 season of Major League Lacrosse.  The 2003 season was the team's last season in Bridgeport, Connecticut before relocating to the Philadelphia suburb of Villanova for the 2004 season.  The Barrage ended up in 3rd place in the American Division with a record of 1–11.  The Barrage failed to qualify for the 2003 season MLL playoffs.

Philadelphia Barrage
The Philadelphia Barrage were a professional field lacrosse team that are based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and member of Major League Lacrosse. They were the Bridgeport Barrage from 2001 to 2003 at The Ballpark at Harbor Yard in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The team then relocated to Philadelphia from the 2004 season to the 2007 season when they became a traveling team for 2008.  They ceased operations before the 2009 season due to the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession. The Philadelphia Barrage were resurrected for the 2020 season.
St. Louis, Saskatchewan
St. Louis (2016 population: 415) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of St. Louis No. 431 and Census Division No. 15. It is south of the city of Prince Albert and northeast of Batoche.

It was founded by Métis settlers in the late 19th century, and is the northernmost Southbranch Settlement, a series of communities which range from Fish Creek in the south along the South Saskatchewan River through Batoche and St. Laurent to St. Louis.

The village is known also for the St. Louis light, a supposed paranormal anomaly.

Division No. 15, Saskatchewan
Division No. 15 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the north-central part of the province. The most populous community in this division is Prince Albert.
Westinghouse J30
The Westinghouse J30, initially known as the Westinghouse 19XB, was a turbojet engine developed by Westinghouse Electric Corporation. It was the first American-designed turbojet to run, and only the second axial-flow turbojet to run outside Germany (after the British Metropolitan-Vickers F.2).

A simple and robust unit with six-stage compressor, annular combustor, and single-stage turbine, it initially gave 1,200 pounds of thrust but improved to 1,600 in production versions. Its first flight was under a FG Corsair in January 1944. It was developed into the smaller J32, and the successful Westinghouse J34, an enlarged version which produced 3,000 pounds of thrust.

Northrop X-4 Bantam
The Northrop X-4 Bantam is a prototype small twinjet aircraft manufactured by Northrop Corporation in 1948. It had no horizontal tail surfaces, depending instead on combined elevator and aileron control surfaces (called elevons) for control in pitch and roll attitudes, almost exactly in the manner of the similar-format, rocket-powered Messerschmitt Me 163 of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. Some aerodynamicists had proposed that eliminating the horizontal tail would also do away with stability problems at fast speeds (called shock stall) resulting from the interaction of supersonic shock waves from the wings and the horizontal stabilizers. The idea had merit, but the flight control systems of that time prevented the X-4 from achieving any success.
Calendar
A calendar is a system of organizing days. This is done by giving names to periods of time, typically days, weeks, months and years. A date is the designation of a single and specific day within such a system. A calendar is also a physical record (often paper) of such a system. A calendar can also mean a list of planned events, such as a court calendar, or a partly or fully chronological list of documents, such as a calendar of wills.

Periods in a calendar (such as years and months) are usually, though not necessarily, synchronized with the cycle of the sun or the moon. The most common type of pre-modern calendar was the lunisolar calendar, a lunar calendar that occasionally adds one intercalary month to remain synchronized with the solar year over the long term.

Docket (court)
A docket in the United States is the official summary of proceedings in a court of law.  In the United Kingdom in modern times it is an official document relating to delivery of something, with similar meanings to these two elsewhere. In the late nineteenth century the term referred to a large folio book in which clerks recorded all filings and court proceedings for each case, although use has been documented  since 1485.
Cyclic subspace
In mathematics, in linear algebra and functional analysis, a cyclic subspace is a certain special subspace of a vector space associated with a vector in the vector space and a linear transformation of the vector space. The cyclic subspace associated with a vector v in a vector space V and a linear transformation T of V is called the  T-cyclic subspace generated by v. The concept of a cyclic subspace is a basic component in the formulation of the cyclic decomposition theorem in linear algebra.

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.
Sanjuanito
A Sanjuanito, Sanjuan, or San Juan is a type of Ecuadorian music and dance. Sanjuanitos are an indigenous form of music and folkloric dance associated with the Sierra, Ecuador's mountainous Andean region. It's associated with, but not specific to, the Otavalo people.

Music of Ecuador
The music of Ecuador is a diverse aspect of Ecuadorian culture.  Ecuadorian music ranges from indigenous styles such as pasillo to Afro-Ecuadorian styles like bomba to modern indie rock like "Cambio de Tonalidad" by Da Pawn.

The Andes mountains house several indigenous styles of music, such as that of the Otavalo.  Afro-Ecuadorian music is also a prominent part of the country's scene, with styles such as marimba and bomba stemming from the days of slavery.

Pasillo, pasacalle, and yarabi are popular styles of folksong, with the former being similar to a flute and usually downtempo as it is descended from the waltz. Pasacalle is a form of dance music, while the sentimental yarabi is probably the most popular form in Ecuador.

In recent years, cities such as Guayaquil and Quito have developed an indie rock scene that has allowed bands such as Da Pawn and La Máquina Camaleön to achieve international popularity.
James Smith Cree Nation
The James Smith First Nation (Cree: ᓂᐦᑖᐏᑭᐦᒋᑲᓂᕽ nihtâwikihcikanihk, meaning: at the place of good growth) is a Plains Cree Indigenous band government whose reserve is north of Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada. James Smith has two reserves, James Smith 100 and Cumberland 100A. James Smith has a current population of 2,412, with the on-reserve population estimated to be at 1,592 members. James Smith is part of the Prince Albert Grand Council. Bordering the reserve are the rural municipalities of Kinistino No. 459 and Torch River No. 488.

Prince Albert Grand Council
The Prince Albert Grand Council (PAGC) is a tribal council representing the band governments of twelve First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan. Its head offices are located in the city of Prince Albert. The tribal council was created in 1977 and is one of the largest in Canada.
Stadium New Zealand
Stadium New Zealand, often called the Waterfront Stadium, was the provisional name for a national stadium proposed for the Auckland waterfront to host the 2011 Rugby World Cup. The stadium never advanced beyond a concept design.

The possible choice of the location for the stadium was widely contested in politics and public opinion. The potential effects on the amenity of the waterfront and port operations, the high costs of construction as well as criticism of political interference in the decision-making process led to conflicting decisions by local bodies and abandonment of the proposal in late November 2006.

Carlaw Park
Carlaw Park was a multi-purpose stadium in Parnell, a central suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It neighboured the Auckland Domain's Northern end. It was primarily used for rugby league and had a peak spectator capacity of around 28,000 in the 1930s, though this fell to around 17,000 by the time the ground was closed in 2002. It is now the site of several offices and the University of Auckland's largest student accommodation Carlaw Park Student Village.
Gesualdo, Campania
Gesualdo is an Italian town in the province of Avellino, itself in the region of Campania. It is called "The city of the Prince of Musicians" in honour of Carlo Gesualdo. It has many palaces, fountains, belvederes, and a historical center, which was partially restored after the Irpinia earthquake in 1980.

The town is located in the center of Irpinia, between the valleys of the rivers Fredane and Ufita. It is about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from Naples and 290 kilometres (180 mi) from Rome. Surrounding municipalities are Fontanarosa, Frigento, Grottaminarda, Paternopoli, Villamaina. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Frigento
Frigento is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. It is located in the Ansanto valley and bordered by the municipalities of Carife, Flumeri, Gesualdo, Grottaminarda, Guardia Lombardi, Rocca San Felice, Sturno, and Villamaina. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). Its name derives from the Latin word frequentia ("frequency").
2006 World Women's Curling Championship
The 2006 World Women's Curling Championship (branded as 2006 Ford World Women's Curling Championship for sponsorship reasons) was held March 18–26 at the Canada Games Arena in Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada.

Sweden, skipped by Anette Norberg, fresh off winning a gold medal at the 2006 Winter Olympics, defeated the United States, skipped by Debbie McCormick in the final, 10–9. Norberg won the game by making a draw in the 10th end. It was the second of three world championships for Norberg.

Bonnetts Energy Centre
Bonnetts Energy Centre, formerly known as Revolution Place, Canada Games Arena and Crystal Centre, is a 2,960-seat (plus standing) multi-purpose arena in Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada. The arena was built in 1995, for the Canada Games.

It is home to the Grande Prairie Storm of the Alberta Junior Hockey League.

It has also hosted the 2004 Royal Bank Cup, 2006 Ford World Women's Curling Championship, and 2016 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.

The arena seats up to 4,500 for concerts.  Attached to the arena is the Bowes, a convention and concert hall seating up to 1,400 with 18,000 square feet of space; both Bonnetts Energy Centre and the Bowes offer 35,000 total square feet of exhibit space.
Leopold Park
Leopold Park (French: Parc Léopold, pronounced [paʁk le.ɔ.pɔl(d)]; Dutch: Leopoldpark) is a public park of 6.43 ha (15.9 acres) located within the Leopold Quarter (European Quarter) of Brussels, Belgium. It is adjacent to the Paul-Henri Spaak building, the seat of the European Parliament. This area is served by Brussels-Luxembourg railway station, as well as by the metro stations Maelbeek/Maalbeek and Schuman on lines 1 and 5.

The park's outstanding feature is its pond, fed by the Maelbeek stream. Many rare trees (remnants of a botanical garden) and animals such as mallards, moorhens, coots, and even Egyptian geese and rose-ringed parakeets thrive in this urban environment.

Brussels and the European Union
Brussels (Belgium) is considered the de facto capital of the European Union, having a long history of hosting a number of principal EU institutions within its European Quarter. The EU has no official capital but Brussels hosts the official seats of the European Commission, Council of the European Union, and European Council, as well as a seat (officially the second seat) of the European Parliament. In 2013, this presence generated about €250 million (8.3% of the regional GDP) and 121,000 jobs (16.7% of the regional employment). The main rationale for Brussels being chosen as "capital of the European Union" was its halfway location between France, Germany and the United Kingdom, the three countries whose rivalry played a role in starting the two world wars and whose reconciliation paved the way for European integration.
Essex (UK Parliament constituency)
Essex was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England from 1290 to 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It elected two MPs, traditionally referred to as Knights of the Shire, to the House of Commons. Under the Great Reform Act 1832, it was divided into two two-member constituencies (Essex North and Essex South).

North Essex
North Essex was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1997 and 2010. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The name was also used for the Northern Division of Essex, covering a much wider area and electing two members using the bloc vote system from 1832 until 1868.
Dundonnell River
The Dundonnell River is a river in Ross and Cromarty, in the Scottish Highlands.

The river rises in a lochan on the slopes of Meall Dubh, before flowing north into the Dundonnell Forest. The A832 road follows its course roughly NNW, before the river flows through Strath Beag and meets Little Loch Broom at its estuary just north-west of Dundonnell.

Dundonnell and Fisherfield Forest
The Dundonnell and Fisherfield Forest covers a large mountainous area of Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland, lying between Loch Maree and Little Loch Broom. It is sometimes nicknamed The Great Wilderness, as the area is entirely devoid of permanent settlements.

Although termed a forest the area has very few trees. It is in fact a deer forest; an area maintained by the owners primarily for deer stalking. Three estates cover the principal area of the forest. Dundonnell Estate (134 km2) covers the northwest part of the forest, including the northwestern flanks of An Teallach, whilst Eilean Darach estate covers 262 km2 in the northeast, including the northeast flank of An Teallach. The plurality of the area, including all the southern and central sections, forms the 323 km2 Letterewe estate.
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad Freight Shed
The Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad Freight Shed is an historic freight station in the Southwest Center City neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, along Broad Street. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011 and is today part of the Lincoln Square mixed-use development.

Southwest Center City Philadelphia
Southwest Center City (SWCC), also known as Graduate Hospital, is a neighborhood that is located in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, bordering Center City Philadelphia. The neighborhood is bordered on the north by South Street, on the south by Washington Avenue, on the west by the Schuylkill River, and on the east by Broad Street.

It is an area adjacent to the Fitler Square and Rittenhouse Square neighborhoods to the north and Point Breeze to the south, and is home to community service organizations, restaurants, churches, retail establishments, and some light industry.
Koshi guruma
Koshi Guruma (腰車) ("hip wheel") is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Jigoro Kano. It belongs to the second group, Dai Nikyo, of the traditional throwing list, Gokyo (no waza), of Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo.

It is classified as a hip technique, Koshi-waza.

Throw (grappling)
In martial arts, a throw is a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and throwing them to the ground. Throws are a subset of takedown (grappling). In Japanese martial arts throws are referred to as nage waza, 投げ技, "throwing technique(s)".
Torodbe
The Torodbe; singular Torodo (also called Turudiyya, Banu Toro, Takrur, Toronkawa) were Muslim Toucouleur clerics and theocratic monarchs who preached and reigned in Futa Toro, a region located in the north of present-day Senegal, and other Fula communities in West Africa from at least the seventeenth to the early twentieth century. Drawn from all ethnicites and levels of society, the Torodbe aimed to 'purify' the Islam practiced in West Africa and establish Islamic states run with Islamic law.

Bundu (state)
Bundu (also Bondu, Bondou and Boundou) was a state in West Africa existing from the late 17th century until it became a French protectorate dependent on the colony of Senegal. Its territory was located between the Falémé River and the upper course of the Gambia River, between 13 and 15 degrees north latitude, and 12 and 13 degrees west longitude.
Pass of Brander stone signals
The Pass of Brander stone signals, also known as Anderson's Piano, are a series of railway signals that are automatically triggered by rockfalls. They are located in the Pass of Brander, between Loch Awe and Taynuilt stations on the Oban branch of the West Highland Line in Scotland.

A screen of wires, linked to semaphore signals, is erected on the mountainside alongside the railway track. In the event of one or more wires being broken, signals in each direction are automatically placed at 'danger'. They are part of a warning system that advises train drivers to exercise caution in the event of a rock-fall, and cover a section of track that is just over 4 miles (6.4 km) in length.

Falls of Cruachan derailment
The Falls of Cruachan derailment occurred on 6 June 2010 on the West Highland Line in Scotland, when a passenger train travelling between Glasgow and Oban hit boulders on the line and derailed near Falls of Cruachan railway station, after a landslide. There was a small fire (which was soon put out with fire extinguishers) and one carriage was left in a precarious position on the 50-foot-high (15-metre) embankment. Sixty passengers were evacuated, some with minor injuries; eight of those were hospitalised as a precaution. However, no people were killed. In addition to blocking the line, the incident also caused the closure of the A85 road below the rail line. Both the road and the rail line were closed for a week.