hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dipelta
Dipelta is a genus of three large, deciduous shrubs that are members of the family Caprifoliaceae. They are native to north-central and southern China, southeastern Tibet, and northern Myanmar, but have been cultivated widely as decorative garden plants. They have attractive peeling bark, bell-shaped flowers carried singly or in corymbs and fruit with papery bracts. They develop in a rounded shape and attain a height of about 3–4 metres (10–13 ft). The leaves are simple, oval to lance shaped and borne in opposite pairs.

Dipelta floribunda has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Caprifoliaceae
The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade of dicotyledonous flowering plants consisting of about 860 species in 33 to 42 genera, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. Centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
Francis Xavier Irwin
Francis Xavier Irwin (January 9, 1934 – October 30, 2019) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States who served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Boston in Massachusetts from 1996 to 2009.

Archdiocese of Boston
The Archdiocese of Boston (Latin: Archidiœcesis Bostoniensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in eastern Massachusetts in the United States. Its mother church is the Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Boston.

The Diocese of Boston was erected in 1808, branching off from the Diocese of Baltimore. It grew rapidly during the 19th century; today it is the fourth largest archdiocese in the United States. Starting in 2002, the archdiocese faced a sexual abuse scandal which touched off investigations of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases throughout the United States. Richard G. Henning is the archbishop.
Trumpington Community College
Trumpington Community College is a co-educational secondary school located in the Trumpington area of Cambridge in the English county of Cambridgeshire. The school is named after the village of Trumpington which is located nearby.

The school was constructed to serve the southern fringe expansion of Cambridge, and opened in September 2015. The school building was designed by Avanti Architects, and was awarded a commendation at the 2017 Civic Trust Awards.

In September 2019, Trumpington Community College became an academy sponsored by United Learning. It forms part of the United Learning Cambridge Cluster along with Cambridge Academy for Science and Technology, Coleridge Community College and Parkside Community College. Trumpington Community College offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils.

United Learning
United Learning is a group of state-funded schools and fee-paying private schools operating in England. United Learning is the trading name for United Church Schools Trust (UCST) and United Learning Trust (ULT). It is one of the largest 10 charities with the most employees in the UK, with central offices in Peterborough, London and Salford. It is governed by a board of trustees and run by an executive team. In 2012, ULT and UCST rebranded to operate under one name, United Learning. They legally remain as two separate charities.
Spümcø
Spümcø, Inc. (/ˈspuːmkoʊ/ SPOOM-koh; stylized as SPÜMCØ) was an American animation studio that was active from 1989 to 2005 and based in Los Angeles, California. The studio was best known for working on the first two seasons of The Ren & Stimpy Show for Nickelodeon and for various commercials. The studio won several awards, including an Annie Award for Best Animated Short Subject for the music video of the song "I Miss You" by Björk.

Spümcø was founded by animators John Kricfalusi, Bob Camp, Jim Smith and Lynne Naylor. Kricfalusi named the company after the fictional person "Raymond Spüm", whom he jokingly described as the inventor of animation. The golden age of American animation (exemplified by the 1940s cartoons by Bob Clampett and Tex Avery) served as inspiration for the surreal and highly expressive house style of which Spümcø became well known.

William Wray (artist)
William York Wray (born March 24, 1956), known professionally in animation as Bill Wray, is an American cartoonist, animator and landscape painter. He is best known for his contributions to Mad and The Ren & Stimpy Show, as well as his current focus on regional landscape painting.

With urban landscapes, cartoon elements, and superheroes as frequent subjects, Wray is noted for a tightly cropped and abstract painting style. The Huffington Post said he "has a brisk, bold style that gives his city scenes a jolt of painterly drama." Southwest Art Magazine called him "a chronicler of the fading urban remains of a bygone era."
Lyubinsky constituency
The Lyubinsky constituency (No.141) is a Russian legislative constituency in Omsk Oblast. The constituency covers north-western Omsk and mostly rural northern 2/3 of Omsk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Oksana Fadina, former Mayor of Omsk, who won the open seat, succeeding two-term United Russia incumbent Andrey Golushko.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Doctrine of internal relations
The doctrine of internal relations is the philosophical doctrine that all relations are internal to their bearers, in the sense that they are essential to them and the bearers would not be what they are without them.  It was a term used in British philosophy around in the early 1900s.

British idealism
A subset of absolute idealism, British idealism was a philosophical movement that was influential in Britain from the mid-nineteenth century to the early twentieth century. The leading figures in the movement were T. H. Green (1836–1882), F. H. Bradley (1846–1924), and Bernard Bosanquet (1848–1923). They were succeeded by the second generation of J. H. Muirhead (1855–1940), J. M. E. McTaggart (1866–1925), H. H. Joachim (1868–1938), A. E. Taylor (1869–1945), and R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943). The last major figure in the tradition was G. R. G. Mure (1893–1979). Doctrines of early British idealism provoked the Cambridge philosophers G. E. Moore and Bertrand Russell to develop the philosophical methodology that gave rise to a new philosophical tradition, analytic philosophy.
Beth Rivkah Ladies College
Beth Rivkah Ladies College or Beth Rivkah Lubavitch is an Orthodox Jewish, comprehensive, primary and secondary day school for girls, located on Balaclava Road, East St Kilda in Melbourne, Australia.

Established in 1956 and managed by the Chabad-Lubavitch movement's Yeshivah Centre, it goes from kindergarten to Year 12. Most of its students come from non-Chabad families.

In 2017, the school had the distinction of having the Chief Rabbi of Israel come and address students. Rabbi David Lau was visiting Melbourne on his Australia tour.

Shimon Waronker became the principal in 2020.

Yeshivah Centre, Melbourne
The Yeshivah Centre is an Orthodox Jewish umbrella organisation in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, that serves the needs of the Melbourne Jewish community. It is run by the Chabad-Lubavitch movement, until recently, under the direct administration of Rabbi Yitzchok Dovid Groner. Rabbi Zvi Telsner has been brought as the new Dayan (rabbinical judge) of the Centre and Lubavitch community.

In 2017, the organisation had the distinction of having the Chief Rabbi of Israel come and address members. Chief Rabbi David Lau attended various venues in Melbourne on his Australia tour.

The centre has been accused of covering up claims of sexual abuse at their institution and of retaliating against whistleblowers and victims.
Ring Road (Kathmandu)
Kathmandu Ring Road or NH39 (previously: H16) (Nepali: काठमाडौं चक्रपथ) is an eight-lane ring road circling around the cities of Kathmandu and Lalitpur. The total length of the Ring Road is 27 kilometres (17 mi).
It has a right of way of 62m (with 31m on either side of the center line).

Ring road
A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist in reducing traffic volumes in the urban centre, such as by offering an alternate route around the city for drivers who do not need to stop in the city core. Ring roads can also serve to connect suburbs to each other, allowing efficient travel between them.
Peptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A polypeptide is a longer, continuous, unbranched peptide chain. Polypeptides that have a molecular mass of 10,000 Da or more are called proteins. Chains of fewer than twenty amino acids are called oligopeptides, and include dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides. Proteins are polypeptides, i.e. large peptides.

Amino acids comprise peptides as residues. Peptides are usually "linear" with an N-terminal (amine group) and C-terminal (carboxyl group) residue at the ends.  Cyclic peptides are a distinct class.

Angiotensin
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.

An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in the late 1930s (first named "angiotonin" or "hypertensin", later renamed "angiotensin" as a consensus by the 2 groups that independently discovered it) and subsequently characterized and synthesized by groups at the Cleveland Clinic and Ciba laboratories.
Wiesweiler
Wiesweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein.

Lauterecken
Lauterecken (German pronunciation: [ˈlaʊtɐˌʔɛkn̩] ⓘ) is a town in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein, to which it also belongs. Lauterecken bears the nickname Veldenzstadt, after the comital family that once held sway here. It is also a state-recognized tourism resort town, and in terms of state planning is laid out as a lower centre.
Battle of Oshikibata
The Battle of Oshikibata (折敷畑の戦い, Oshikibata no tatakai) was a preliminary round of the battle of Miyajima which was to follow. Mōri Motonari sought to avenge Sue Harukata's coup against their lord, Ōuchi Yoshitaka, and succeeded.

Following the battle of Miyajima, the Mōri clan gained all the Ōuchi lands, and replaced them as one of the most powerful families in the country.

Sue Harukata
Sue Harukata (陶 晴賢; 1521 – October 16, 1555) was a samurai who served as a senior retainer of the Ōuchi clan in the Sengoku period in Japan. He was the second son of Sue Okifusa, a senior retainer of the Ōuchi clan. His childhood name was Goro, and he previously had the name Takafusa (隆房).
Gas-operated reloading
Gas-operation is a system of operation used to provide energy to operate locked breech, autoloading firearms. In gas-operation, a portion of high-pressure gas from the cartridge being fired is used to power a mechanism to dispose of the spent case and insert a new cartridge into the chamber. Energy from the gas is harnessed through either a port in the barrel or a trap at the muzzle. This high-pressure gas impinges on a surface such as a piston head to provide motion for unlocking of the action, extraction of the spent case, ejection, cocking of the hammer or striker, chambering of a fresh cartridge, and locking of the action.

M1 Garand
The M1 Garand or M1 rifle is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War.

The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand. It was the first standard-issue autoloading rifle for the United States. By most accounts, the M1 rifle performed well. General George S. Patton called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised". The M1 replaced the (bolt-action) M1903 Springfield as the U.S. service rifle in 1936, and was itself replaced by the (selective-fire) M14 rifle on 26 March 1958.
Zerfaliu
Zerfaliu (Zrofollìu in the Sardinian language) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region of Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Oristano.

Zerfaliu borders the following municipalities: Ollastra, Paulilatino, Simaxis, Solarussa, Villanova Truschedu.

Ollastra
Ollastra (Sardinian: Ollasta) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Oristano.

Ollastra Simaxis borders the following municipalities: Fordongianus, Siapiccia, Simaxis, Villanova Truschedu, Zerfaliu.

From 1928 to 1946 the place was a frazione of nearby Simaxis and was therefore known as Ollastra Simaxis. It changed its name to simply Ollastra in 1991.
Levator scapulae muscle
The levator scapulae is a slender: 910  skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. It originates from the transverse processes of the four uppermost cervical vertebrae; it inserts onto the upper portion of the medial border of the scapula. It is innervated by the cervical nerves C3-C4, and frequently also by the dorsal scapular nerve. As the Latin name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula.

Trapezius
The trapezius is a large paired trapezoid-shaped surface muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae of the spine and laterally to the spine of the scapula.  It moves the scapula and supports the arm.

The trapezius has three functional parts:

an upper (descending) part, which supports the weight of the arm;

a middle region (transverse), which retracts the scapula; and

a lower (ascending) part, which medially rotates and depresses the scapula.
Umswai
Umswai is a village in Amri development block of West Karbi Anglong district in the Indian state of Assam. Apart from being home to an exclusive tribal culture, Umswai also possesses extraordinary natural beauty.

West Karbi Anglong district
West Karbi Anglong district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of Assam. It is a relatively new district formed out of the existing Karbi Anglong district in 2016. The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Hamren. The district is a part of the Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council and is administered according to the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
Morse code abbreviations
Morse code abbreviations are used to speed up Morse communications by foreshortening textual words and phrases. Morse abbreviations are short forms, representing normal textual words and phrases formed from some (fewer) characters taken from the word or phrase being abbreviated. Many are typical English abbreviations, or short acronyms for often-used phrases.

Phillips Code
The Phillips Code is a brevity code (shorthand) compiled and expanded in 1879 by Walter P. Phillips (then of the Associated Press) for the rapid transmission of telegraph messages, including press reports.
Mormaer of Mearns
The Mormaer or Mormaerdom of Mearns is the most obscure medieval Scottish mormaerdom. It is known only from one source, a source relating that Máel Petair, Mormaer of Mearns, killed Donnchad II. There is good reason to believe that this is not some mistake, and that Mearns was once a Mormaerdom. The early thirteenth century source, known to historians a de Situ Albanie, adds believability to this because it lists Mearns in a list of 13 Scottish regions which in 6½ pairs each formed one of the seven ancient Kingdoms of the Picts. Only two of the eleven other regions are not attested in sources as Mormaerdoms, those ones being Fothriff and Gowrie. It is probable that by the time Mormaers begin to be consistently attested, i.e. roughly between 1150 and 1250, Mearns was absorbed by the crown and not regranted.

Confusingly, Mormaer means Great Steward; Maerns means merely Stewardry, and would be expected to be Mormaerns if there was a Mormaerdom.

Mormaer
In early medieval Scotland, a mormaer was the Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a Toísech (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'.
Domezain-Berraute
Domezain-Berraute (French pronunciation: [dɔm(ə)zɛ̃ beʁot]; Basque: Domintxaine-Berroeta) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.

Domezain-Berraute is located in the former province of Soule.

Soule
Soule (French pronunciation: [sul] ⓘ; Basque: Zuberoa; Zuberoan/ Soule Basque: Xiberoa or Xiberua; Occitan: Sola) is a former viscounty and French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées-Atlantiques département. It is divided into two cantons of the arrondissement (district) of Oloron-Sainte-Marie (Mauleon-Licharre and Tardets-Sorholus), and a part of the canton of Saint Palais (arrondissement of Bayonne).

Its provincial capital is Mauléon, which combined with Licharre in 1841 to form "Mauléon-Licharre", but today is often known as "Mauléon-Soule". Historically, Soule is the smallest province of the Basque Country (785 km2; 303 sq. mi.). Its population has been decreasing (23,803 in 1901; 16,006 in 1990; 15,535 in 1999).
Førde Airport
Førde Airport (Nynorsk: Førde lufthamn; IATA: FDE, ICAO: ENBL) is a regional airport located at Bringelandsåsen in Sunnfjord Municipality, about 16 kilometers (10 mi) south of the town of Førde in Vestland county, Norway. Owned and operated by the state-owned Avinor, the airport has a single 1,019-meter (3,343 ft) runway numbered 07–25. It is served by Widerøe, which operates De Havilland Canada Dash 8 aircraft to Oslo.

Starting in 1970, the town of Førde was served by Førde Airport, Øyrane, located in an industrial site in town and with poor operational conditions. Bringeland was opened in 1986 and the old airport was closed.  Bringeland originally consisted of a 859-meter (2,818 ft) runway, but that was lengthened in 2010. Since 1988, the helicopter operator Airlift has also been based at the airport. The airport was originally owned by the municipality, but nationalized in 1996. Bringeland served 82,356 passengers in 2011.

Førde Airport, Øyrane
Førde Airport, Øyrane (IATA: FDE, ICAO: ENFD; Norwegian: Førde lufthavn, Øyrane) was a regional airport located at Øyrane in Førde Municipality, Norway. The municipal airport first opened as a water aerodrome, receiving a runway in 1970. Scheduled services started the following year, with Widerøe providing flights to Bergen with the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter. In addition, Førdefly and Airlift operated general aviation services from the airport. Førde Airport, Øyrane was located in the middle of an industrial area and had severe safety shortcomings, such as lacking an instrument landing system and had a control tower without sight of the entire runway. Øyrane was therefore replaced with Førde Airport, Bringeland in 1986.
Nadir Shah Kot District
Nadir Shah Kot District (Pashto: نادر شاه کوټ ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی نادرشاه کوت) is situated in the western part of Khost Province, Afghanistan. It borders Paktia Province and Shamal District to the west, Qalandar District to the north, Musa Khel District to the northeast, Khost (Matun) District to the east, Mandozayi District to the southeast and Tani and Spera districts to the south.

According to Afghanistan's National Statistics and Information Authority (NSIA) the 2020 estimated population of the district was 36,005 people. The district center is Nadir Shah Kot - a village at 1386 m altitude on the main road to Khost. Nadir Shah Kot District has its own governor, who is appointed by the serving governor of Khost Province, and the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) are responsible for all law enforcement activities.

Tani District
Tani District (Pashto: تڼي ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی تنی شيتک تني) is situated in the southern part of Khost Province, Afghanistan. Where most of Shitakzai Taniwal or Tani live. It borders Spera District to the west, Nadir Shah Kot and Mando Zayi to the north, Gurbuz District to the east and Pakistan to the south. The population is 52,800 (2006) people.  The district center is the village of Tani, situated in the northeastern part of the district.

Taniwal or Tani tribe of Shitak or Shitakzai is settled here. Shitak (Tani) is the Brother Tribe of Shitakzai (Bannuchi now live in Bannu & Dawar or Dour of Tochi Valley Waziristan) The language spoken in Taniwal or Tani District is Pashto language close relation with Dawari or Baniswola Pashto.
Maccagno
Maccagno was a comune (municipality) of 2,000 inhabitants located in the province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located in the Val Veddasca about 70 km northwest of Milan and about 25 km northwest of Varese.

On 1 January 2014 the municipalities of Maccagno, Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore and Veddasca merged into the municipality of Maccagno con Pino e Veddasca.

Maccagno con Pino e Veddasca
Maccagno con Pino e Veddasca (Ticinese: Macagn cont Pin e Vedasca) is a comune in the province of Varese, in Lombardy, Italy, that was formed on 25 May 2014 from fusion of the communes of Maccagno, Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore and Veddasca.

A referendum to create this comune was held on 1 December 2013. The referendum was passed with 77% yes and 33% no votes.

Maccagno  con Pino e Veddasca borders the following municipalities: Brissago (Switzerland), Cannobio (VB), Curiglia con Monteviasco, Dumenza, Gambarogno (Switzerland), Luino, Ronco sopra Ascona (Switzerland), Tronzano Lago Maggiore. Its neighborhood of Maccagno Imperiale is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Darren Espanto
Darren Lyndon Espanto (born May 24, 2001) is a Canadian-born Filipino singer, television personality, and actor. He first appeared on television in 2012 as a contestant on YTV’s reality competition The Next Star and later gained wider recognition after joining the first season of The Voice Kids Philippines. He was subsequently signed to ABS-CBN’s Star Magic talent agency and has since established a music career in the Philippines. He is a mainstay host on ABS-CBN's noontime variety show It's Showtime.

UMG Philippines
UMG Philippines Inc. is a record label based in the Philippines and served as its regional branch of the multinational music corporation, Universal Music Group. Formerly known as MCA Music, the record label previously retained the now-discontinued MCA name on legal purposes because of a trademark dispute with an unrelated label known as Universal Records, which preempted the rights to the word "Universal" for recorded music in the Philippines. However, the company adopted the moniker "MCA/Universal", much like Universal Pictures' home video unit from 1990 to 1997, to simplify identification, even though no formal "Universal" branding is exercised. Despite the naming, the label is known outside the Philippines as Universal Music Philippines.

The record label then changed to its current name on November 3, 2021.