hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E. F. Schumacher
Ernst Friedrich Schumacher CBE (16 August 1911 – 4 September 1977) was a German-born British statistician and economist who is best known for his proposals for human-scale, decentralised and appropriate technologies. He served as Chief Economic Advisor to the British National Coal Board from 1950 to 1970, and founded the Intermediate Technology Development Group (now known as Practical Action) in 1966.

In 1995, his 1973 book Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered was ranked by The Times Literary Supplement as one of the 100 most influential books published since World War II. In 1977 he published A Guide for the Perplexed as a critique of materialistic scientism and as an exploration of the nature and organisation of knowledge.

Resurgence & Ecologist
Resurgence & Ecologist is a British bi-monthly magazine covering environmental issues, engaged activism, philosophy, arts and ethical living. In 1973 – and for the next 43 years – the Editor-in-Chief was former Jain monk and author Satish Kumar. Kumar stepped aside from his editing role to become Editor Emeritus on his 80th birthday in 2016. The current editor is Susan Clark. The magazine combines the former Resurgence magazine, edited by Kumar, with The Ecologist, which in recent years has been published online only.

Resurgence & Ecologist is published by The Resurgence Trust, an educational charity registered in England and Wales and based at The Resurgence Centre, Hartland, Devon.
Selbusjøen
Selbusjøen is the 17th largest lake in Norway. It is located in Trøndelag county, primarily in Selbu Municipality, although the western end of it lies in the neighboring Trondheim Municipality. The 57.9-square-kilometre (22.4 sq mi) lake is the largest lake in the southern part of Trøndelag county. Selbusjøen is part of the Nea-Nidelv watershed, with the Nea River flowing into it on the eastern end and the Nidelva River flowing out the western end. The deepest part of the lake reaches 206 m (676 ft) below the surface. The villages of Selbustrand, Fossan, Tømra, Trøa, Innbygda, Mebonden, Vikvarvet, and Sjøbygda are located on the shores around the lake.

Trøa
Trøa is a village in Selbu Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the eastern end of the lake Selbusjøen, just north of the village of Innbygda, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the municipal center of Mebonden, and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south of the village of Tømra.

The 0.23-square-kilometre (57-acre) village has a population (2024) of 234 and a population density of 1,017 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,630/sq mi).
Habshan
Habshan is an area in the southwestern part of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.

It is currently a major oil and gas field for the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC). It contains oil field and camps for oil workers. The major part of this region is marked as a Red Zone due to the presence of hydrogen sulphide gas.

The area is a major production area for sulphur, a byproduct of the oil industry, and is the terminal station of a new railway network in the United Arab Emirates developed by Etihad Rail. Commercial operations on this railway commenced in December 2015.

23°49′30″N 53°37′0″E﻿ / ﻿23.82500°N 53.61667°E﻿ / 23.82500; 53.61667

Al Dhafra, Abu Dhabi
Al Dhafra Region (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة ٱلظَّفْرَة, romanized: Minṭaqah aẓ-Ẓafrah), known until 2017 as Al Gharbia or the Western Region (Arabic: ٱلْمِنْطَقَة ٱلْغَرْبِيَّة, romanized: Al-Minṭaqah al-Ġarbiyyah), is one of three Municipal Regions in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Forming the western part of the United Arab Emirates, it is by far the largest region by area, occupying 71 % of the Abu Dhabi emirate's total area, yet the smallest by population and population density, and thus a rather remote region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, similar to the Eastern Region. The capital of Al Dhafra Region is Madinat Zayed (Bida Zayed). The new official name was already the historical name of the westernmost region of former Trucial Oman, which was Dhafrah. It is significant for its natural resources, particularly gas and petroleum. Its reserves of hydrocarbons account for 90% of the Emirate's reserves, which in turn account for 90% of the country's reserves, and are important for the local economy.
Ossip Runitsch
Ossip Iliych Runitsch (Russian: Осип Ильич Рунич, IPA: [ˈosʲɪp ɨˈlʲjitɕ rʊˈnʲitɕ]; born Osip Fradkin, 1889 – 6 April 1947) was a Russian silent film actor, producer and stage director.

He was one of the biggest stars of Russian silent cinema and one of the first iconic figures of Russian cinematograph. In 1915–1919 he starred in some successful silent films of that time as Molchi, grust... molchi and Posledneiye tango with other film stars such as Vera Kholodnaya, Vitold Polonsky and Pyotr Chardynin.

Pyotr Chardynin
Pyotr Ivanovich Chardynin (Russian: Пётр Иванович Чардынин) (10 February [O.S. 28 January] 1873 – 14 August 1934) was a Russian and Soviet film director, screenwriter and actor. One of the pioneers of the film industry in the Russian Empire, Chardynin directed over a hundred silent films during his career.
Embassy of the United Kingdom, Tehran
The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Tehran is the United Kingdom's diplomatic mission to the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is located at 172 Ferdowsi Avenue in Tehran.

Following the 2011 attack on the Embassy and the expulsion of the British ambassador by Iran, Britain reduced its diplomatic relations with Iran to "the lowest possible level" and closed its embassy. However, following the election of President Hassan Rouhani, relations improved and both countries appointed non-resident charge d'affaires to conduct bilateral relations between London and Tehran. The embassy reopened in August 2015 and relations were upgraded in 2016, with relations now conducted once again by an ambassador. The current ambassador to Iran is Hugo Shorter.

Gholhak Garden
Gholhak Garden (alternatively Qolhak Garden or Gulhak Garden; Persian: باغ قلهک) is a British overseas diplomatic compound in the northern Tehran neighborhood of Gholhak in Iran, about 3 miles (4.8 km) from the centre of Tehran. The sprawling tree-lined site, bordered by high walls, measures 200,000 square metres (49 acres) and houses British diplomats and their families. The compound is also home to the Tehran War Cemetery. The site has been at the centre of diplomatic controversy between Britain and Iran over ownership and management of the grounds.
Ataliklikun Bay
Ataliklikun Bay (pronounced "At-lik-lik-kun") is a bay of East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, opening into the Bismarck Sea. It is located in the northern part of New Britain, south-west of Lassul Bay and to the west of Cape Lambert and Rabaul. Urara Island is located in the northern part of the bay. The Raulavat plantation lies in the eastern part of its 25-mile shoreline. The villagers along the shore reportedly speak the Minigir language and the Masava dialect of Tolai. The United States Hydrographic Office  said "a reef awash, about 200 yards long east and west, with 15 and 19 fathoms around, on which the steamer Seestem struck in 1909, lies in the south-west part of Ataliklikun Bay."

Urara Island
Urara Island is a small inhabited island in the northern part of Ataliklikun Bay (Bismarck Sea) in Papua New Guinea, located just off the mainland of the northern coast of New Britain. There are 3 villages, the largest lying on the southern central part of the coastline. Urara Island lies about 3 miles westward of Cape Liguan, and stands on a reef which extends a short distance only eastward of it and 1.5 miles to the westward. Materbert Island lies about 6 miles west of the island and Watom Island lies to the north-east.
WOW (TV station)
WOW is an Australian television station licensed to WIN Television, serving regional and remote Western Australia. The station officially commenced transmissions on 26 March 1999 as the second commercial regional broadcaster in Western Australia, alongside former monopoly, Golden West Network.

Nine News
Nine News (stylised as 9News) is a national news service on the Nine Network in Australia. Its flagship program is an hour-long bulletin at 6:00 pm, with editions produced by Nine's owned-and-operated stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth. A half-hour news program for the Gold Coast also airs every weeknight before the 6:00pm news. National bulletins air throughout the day and evening, broadcast from Nine's headquarters in Sydney.

Until the mid-2000s, Nine News was positioned as the highest-rated news service in Australia, but it was overtaken by rival news service Seven News in 2005 before regaining the top position in 2013.
Holy Island, Firth of Clyde
The Holy Island or Holy Isle (Scottish Gaelic: Eilean MoLaise) is an island in the Firth of Clyde, off the west coast of central Scotland, inside Lamlash Bay on the larger Isle of Arran. The island is around 3 kilometres (1+7⁄8 mi) long and around 1 kilometre (5⁄8 mi) wide. Its highest point is the hill Mullach Mòr.

Firth of Clyde
The Firth of Clyde is the estuary of the River Clyde, on the west coast of Scotland. The Firth has some of the deepest coastal waters of the British Isles and is sheltered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Kintyre Peninsula.  The Firth lies between West Dunbartonshire in the north, Argyll and Bute in the west, and Inverclyde, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire in the east. Kilbrannan Sound is a large arm of the Firth, separating the Kintyre Peninsula from the Isle of Arran. The Kyles of Bute separates the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula. The Sound of Bute separates the islands of Bute and Arran.

The Highland Boundary Fault crosses the Firth.  The Firth also played a vital military role during World War II.

The Firth is sometimes called the Clyde Waters or Clyde Sea. It is customarily considered to be part of the Irish Sea.
Dave Cockrum
David Emmett Cockrum (/ˈkɒkrəm/; November 11, 1943 – November 26, 2006) was an American comics artist known for his co-creation of the new X-Men characters Nightcrawler, Storm, Colossus, and Mystique, as well as the antiheroine Black Cat. Cockrum was a prolific and inventive costume designer who updated the uniforms of the Legion of Super-Heroes and the X-Men in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Futurians (comics)
The Futurians was a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team was created by Dave Cockrum, and first appeared in 1983 in the ninth of the Marvel Graphic Novels series, then in a three-issue run published by Lodestone Comics.

In 2003, author Clifford Meth revamped the comic as a yet-to-be produced screenplay for IDT Entertainment.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Gibson County, Tennessee
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Gibson County, Tennessee.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Gibson County, Tennessee, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 19 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, and one former listing.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted May 2, 2025.

Gibson County, Tennessee
Gibson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 50,429. Its county seat is Trenton. Gibson County is included in the Jackson metropolitan area.

The county was formed in 1823 and named for John H. Gibson, a soldier of the Natchez Expedition and the Creek War.
Robin Ellis (priest)
Christianity portal

Robin Gareth Ellis  (born 8 December 1935) was the Archdeacon of Plymouth from 1982 to 2000.

Ellis was educated at Worksop College, Pembroke College, Oxford and Chichester Theological College After a curacy in Swinton he was Chaplain at his old school. He was Vicar of Swaffham Prior from, 1966 to 1974;  of  Wisbech from 1974 to 1982; and Vicar of Yelverton from 1982 to 1986.

Archdeacon of Plymouth
The Archdeacon of Plymouth is a senior clergy position in the Church of England Diocese of Exeter and is responsible for the supervision of the clergy within the five rural deaneries: Ivybridge, Plymouth Moorside, Plymouth Devonport, Plymouth Sutton and Tavistock.

The archdeaconry was created by an Order-in-Council splitting the Archdeaconry of Totnes on 22 March 1918. The current archdeacon is Jane Bakker.
Idaho Falls, Idaho
Idaho Falls is the fourth most populous city in Idaho and the county seat of Bonneville County. It is the state's most populous city outside the Boise metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 64,818. In the 2010 census, the population of Idaho Falls was 56,813 (2019 estimate: 62,888), with a metro population of 133,265.  As of the 2020 census, the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 154,855.

Idaho Falls serves as the commercial, cultural, and healthcare hub for Eastern Idaho, as well as parts of western Wyoming and southern Montana. It is served by the Idaho Falls Regional Airport and is home to the College of Eastern Idaho, Museum of Idaho, Idaho Falls Idaho Temple, and the Idaho Falls Chukars baseball team of the Pioneer League, as well as the Idaho Falls Spud Kings . It is the principal city of the Idaho Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Idaho Falls–Blackfoot-Rexburg, Idaho Combined Statistical Area.

Idaho Falls Chukars
The Idaho Falls Chukars are an independent baseball team of the Pioneer League, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball (MLB) but is an MLB Partner League. They are located in Idaho Falls, Idaho, and play their home games at Melaleuca Field.

They adopted the name the Chukars following a fan vote when the major league affiliation changed after the 2003 season. A chukar is a game bird found in the region. The Chukars are not the only professional sports team in Eastern Idaho (see Spud Kings).

In conjunction with a contraction of Minor League Baseball in 2021, the Pioneer League, of which the Chukars have been members since 1940, was converted from an MLB-affiliated Rookie Advanced league to an independent baseball league and granted status as an MLB Partner League, with Idaho Falls continuing as members.
Auglandskollen
Auglandskollen is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway.  The neighborhood is located in the borough of Vågsbygd and in the district of Vågsbygd. Auglandskollen is north of Kjosneset, south of Augland, east of Kjos Haveby, and west of Auglandsbukta.

Vågsbygd
Vågsbygd is a borough and district in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is the largest borough and district in Kristiansand. Until 1965, Vågsbygd was a part of Oddernes municipality. The borough includes the districts of Flekkerøy, Voiebyen, Vågsbygd/Augland, and Slettheia. The Kristiansand Cannon Museum on Kroodden is an authentic fortress from World War II.

The Vågsbygd district includes many islands including Bragdøya, Andøya, Fredriksholm, and Flekkerøya (with Christiansø Fortress).
St. Marys, Ohio
St. Marys is a city in Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. Located in western Ohio, it is 11 miles (18 km) west of Wapakoneta and 20 miles (32 km) east of the Ohio–Indiana border. Founded in 1823, the city is located on a portage between the St. Marys and Auglaize river systems, which was a significant factor in its development before the era of canals. The population was 8,397 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Wapakoneta micropolitan area.

Lienen
Lienen (German pronunciation: [ˈliːnən]; Westphalian: Linen) is a municipality in the district of Steinfurt, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km south-east of Osnabrück and 30 km north-east of Münster.

Lienen is a sister city with Saint Marys, Ohio in the United States. Lienen's neighboring municipalities, Ladbergen and Lengerich, are sister cities with Saint Marys' neighbors New Knoxville and Wapakoneta, respectively.
TAS classification
TAS stands for Total Alkali Silica. The TAS classification can be used to assign names to many common types of volcanic rocks based upon the relationships between the combined alkali and silica contents. These chemical parameters are useful because the relative proportions of alkalis and silica are important in determining both normative mineralogy and actual mineralogy. The classification can be simple to use for rocks that have been chemically analyzed. Except for the following quotation from Johannsen (1937), this discussion is based upon Le Maitre et al (2002).

Volcanic rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks.

Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface.
Pholistoma
Pholistoma is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Hydrophyllaceae. Species are known generally as fiestaflowers. There are three species, all native to a section of western North America between Oregon and Baja California. They are fleshy annual herbs producing angled bristly or prickly stems with several brittle branches. The deeply lobed, bristly leaves are borne on winged petioles that clasp the stem at their bases. The plants bear rotate flowers in shades of blue, purple, or white depending on species.

Hydrophyllaceae
Hydrophyllaceae is a family in the flowering plant order Boraginales. Its taxonomic position has varied; it has also been treated as the subfamily Hydrophylloideae of the family Boraginaceae sensu lato.
M&T Bank Arena
M&T Bank Arena, previously known as TD Bank Sports Center and People's United Center, is a multi-purpose arena in Hamden, Connecticut.  Its design is unusual in that it consists of two separate playing and seating areas, one intended for basketball and one intended for ice hockey, joined together within a common facility. It seats 3,570 for basketball and 3,386 for hockey. Officially, the hockey side is known as the Frank Perrotti, Jr. Arena.

The center opened on January 27, 2007, and is home to the Quinnipiac University men’s and women’s basketball and men’s and women’s ice hockey teams.  It replaced Burt Kahn Court for the basketball team and the Northford Ice Pavilion for ice hockey.  It is located on Quinnipiac's York Hill Campus and is part of a large expansion project for that campus.

The center cost $52 million to build. Its creation is part of an ambitious plan by Quinnipiac to improve its drawing power for student athletes.

Quinnipiac University
Quinnipiac University (/ˈkwɪnəˌpi.æk/ KWIH-nə-pee-ak) is a private university in Hamden, Connecticut, United States. The university grants undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. It also hosts the Quinnipiac University Polling Institute.
Thiepval barracks bombing
The Thiepval Barracks bombing was a double car bomb attack carried out by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) on 7 October 1996. The bombs exploded inside Thiepval Barracks, the British Army headquarters in Northern Ireland. One British soldier was killed and 31 people were injured. This bombing was the first major attack on a military base in Northern Ireland since the end of the IRA's ceasefire eight months earlier.

Thiepval Barracks
Thiepval Barracks is a British Army barracks and headquarters in Lisburn, County Antrim. It is also the site of the stone frigate HMS Hibernia, Headquarters of the Royal Naval Reserve in Northern Ireland.
2023 UCI World Tour
The 2023 UCI World Tour was a series of races that include thirty-five road cycling events throughout the 2023 cycling season. The tour started with the Tour Down Under on 17 January, and concluded with the Tour of Guangxi on 17 October.

2023 Tour Down Under
The 2023 Men's Tour Down Under was a road cycling stage race that took place between 17 and 22 January 2023 in and around Adelaide, South Australia. It was the 23rd edition of the Tour Down Under and the first race of the 2023 UCI World Tour. It was the first edition of the Tour Down Under to be held since 2020, as the 2021 and 2022 editions were cancelled owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The race was won by Australian rider Jay Vine of UAE Team Emirates.
R v Hancock
R v Hancock [1985] UKHL 9 is an English legal decision of the highest court setting out the relationship between foresight of consequences and intention in cases of murder. It refers to the case of the killing of David Wilkie. The defendants' stated intention had been to frighten a person, but another was killed. The law, as the judgement of the whole court (a per curiam decision) was held to hinge on the relationship between foresight of the range of results of taking a particular action and the result of that action which must include a specific direction or legal mention of considering the probability of death or serious injury resulting, and other directions which explain the difference between the offence of manslaughter and that of murder.

Killing of David Wilkie
David James Wilkie (9 July 1949 – 30 November 1984) was a Welsh taxi driver who was killed during the miners' strike in the United Kingdom, when two striking miners dropped a concrete block from a footbridge onto his taxi whilst he was driving a strike-breaking miner to work. The attack caused a widespread revulsion at the extent of violence in the dispute. The two miners were convicted of murder but the charge was reduced to manslaughter on appeal, becoming a leading case on the issue of the difference between the two offences.
Assured shorthold tenancy
The assured shorthold tenancy (AST) is the default legal category of residential tenancy in England and Wales. It is a form of assured tenancy with limited security of tenure, which was introduced by the Housing Act 1988 and saw an important default provision and a widening of its definition made by the Housing Act 1996. Since 28 February 1997 in respect of accommodation to new tenants who are new to their landlords, the assured shorthold tenancy has become the most common form of arrangement that involves a private residential landlord. The equivalent in Scotland is short assured tenancy.

Short assured tenancy
A short assured tenancy is a type of tenancy in Scotland that was introduced by the Housing (Scotland) Act 1988.  A short assured tenancy gives landlords some protection and freedom of action when letting their properties.  Short assured tenancies have become the norm within the residential letting industry in Scotland. The equivalent legislation in England and Wales is assured shorthold tenancy. Following the enactment of the Private Housing (Tenancies) (Scotland) Act 2016, it is no longer possible to create a short assured tenancy, instead a private residential tenancy must be entered into; with greater protections for the tenant such as security of tenure.