hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Endive
Endive (/ˈɛndaɪv, -dɪv, ˈɑːndiːv/) is a leaf vegetable belonging to the genus Cichorium, which includes several similar bitter-leafed vegetables. Species include Cichorium endivia (also called endive), Cichorium pumilum (also called wild endive), and Cichorium intybus (also called chicory). Chicory includes types such as radicchio, puntarelle, and Belgian endive.

There is considerable confusion between Cichorium endivia and Cichorium intybus.

Leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. Those eaten raw in a salad can be called salad greens, whereas leaf vegetables eaten cooked can be called pot herbs.

Nearly 1,000 species of plants with edible leaves are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach, but also come from some woody plants. The leaves of many fodder crops (e.g. alfalfa, clover, and most grasses) are also edible by humans, but usually only as famine or processed food.

Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but being photosynthetic tissues, their vitamin K levels are particularly notable. Accordingly, users of vitamin K antagonist medications like warfarin must limit their consumption of leaf vegetables.
Number sign
The symbol # is known as the number sign, hash, (in North America) the pound sign, and has a variety of other names. The symbol has historically been used for a wide range of purposes including the designation of an ordinal number and as a ligatured abbreviation for pounds avoirdupois – having been derived from the now-rare ℔.

Since 2007, widespread usage of the symbol to introduce metadata tags on social media platforms has led to such tags being known as 'hashtags', and from that, the symbol itself is sometimes incorrectly called a hashtag.

The symbol is distinguished from similar symbols by its combination of level horizontal strokes and right-tilting vertical strokes.

IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a text-based chat system for instant messaging. IRC is designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.

Internet Relay Chat is implemented as an application layer protocol to facilitate communication in the form of text. The chat process works on a client–server networking model. Users connect, using a client—which may be a web app, a standalone desktop program, or embedded into part of a larger program—to an IRC server, which may be part of a larger IRC network. Examples of ways used to connect include the programs Mibbit, KiwiIRC, and mIRC.

IRC usage has been declining steadily since 2003, losing 60 percent of its users by 2012. In April 2011, the top 100 IRC networks served more than 200,000 users at a time.
Digital scent technology
Digital scent technology (or olfactory technology) is the engineering discipline dealing with olfactory representation. It is a technology to sense, transmit and receive scent-enabled digital media (such as motion pictures, video games, virtual reality, extended reality, the metaverse, web pages, and music). The sensing part of this technology works by using olfactometers and electronic noses.

Smell-O-Vision
Smell-O-Vision is a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could "smell" what was happening in the movie. Created by Hans Laube, the technique made its only appearance in the 1960 film Scent of Mystery, produced by Mike Todd Jr., son of film producer Mike Todd. The process injected 30 odors into a movie theater's seats when triggered by the film's soundtrack.

Roughly similar concepts integrating odor experiences into entertainment performances date back at least to 1868 for live theatre, with the first film usage in 1906. Other approaches include General Electric's "Smell-O-Rama" in 1953 and the rival "AromaRama" system in 1959. In cheeky homage to this era, John Waters enhanced his 1981 film Polyester with an "Odorama" scratch-n-sniff card.
The King's School, Parramatta
The King's School is an independent Anglican, early learning, primary and secondary day and boarding school for boys, located in North Parramatta in the western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1831, the school is Australia's oldest independent school, and is situated on a 148-hectare (1.48 km2) suburban campus.

The school hosts about 2,157 students in K–12 as of 2024, and about 430 boarders from Years 5–12, making it one of the largest boarding schools in Australia. It is Australia's oldest boarding school.

The school is affiliated with the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference, the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA), the Junior School Heads Association of Australia (JSHAA), and the Australian Boarding Schools' Association (ABSA). It is a G30 School and is a founding member of the Athletic Association of the Great Public Schools of New South Wales (AAGPS).

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
1964 NFL Championship Game
The 1964 NFL Championship Game was the 32nd annual championship game, held on December 27 at Cleveland Municipal Stadium in Cleveland, Ohio. With an attendance of 79,544, it was the first NFL title game to be televised by CBS.

The game marked the last championship won by a major-league professional sports team from Cleveland until 2016, when the Cleveland Cavaliers won the NBA Finals. Through 2025, this is the Browns' most recent league title. The team had a replica Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy created for display in 2004.

1964 NFL season
The 1964 NFL season was the 45th regular season of the National Football League. Before the season started, NFL commissioner Pete Rozelle reinstated Green Bay Packers running back Paul Hornung and Detroit Lions defensive tackle Alex Karras, who had been suspended for the 1963 season due to gambling.

Beginning this season, the home team in each game was allowed the option of wearing their white jerseys.  Since 1957, league rules had mandated that the visiting team wear white, and the home team wear colored jerseys.  The NFL also increased the regular season roster limit from 37 to 40 active players, which would remain unchanged for a decade.

The season ended when the Cleveland Browns shut out the Baltimore Colts 27–0 in the NFL Championship Game.
Clapham Sect
The Clapham Sect, or Clapham Saints, were a group of social reformers associated with Holy Trinity Clapham  in the period from the 1780s to the 1840s. Despite the label "sect", most members remained in the established (and dominant) Church of England, which was highly interwoven with offices of state.

Clapham
Clapham (/ˈklæpəm/) is a district in south west London, England, lying mostly within the London Borough of Lambeth, but with some areas (including Clapham Common) extending into the neighbouring London Borough of Wandsworth.
Elena Krykanova
Elena Krykanova, also romanized as Krikanova, (Russian: Елена Крыканова) is a former ice dancer who represented the Soviet Union. With former partner Evgeni Platov, she is a three-time World Junior champion (1984–1986). They began skating together around December 1976 in Odessa and were coached by Boris Rublev until 1982 when they moved to Moscow to train under Natalia Dubova.

In January 1990, she defected to the United States along with Gorsha Sur, Igor Shpilband, and Veronica Pershina.

Veronica Pershina
Veronica Petrovna Pershina or Voyk (Russian: Вероника Петровна Першина, born December 20, 1966) is a former competitive pair skater who competed for the Soviet Union. With Marat Akbarov, she is the 1985 European bronze medalist and 1979 World Junior champion.
Millesimo
Millesimo (Ligurian: Millëximo or Merexo, locally Merezu or Mresciu, Piedmontese: Mresù) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Savona.

Millesimo borders the following municipalities: Cengio, Cosseria, Murialdo, Osiglia, Pallare, Plodio, and Roccavignale. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Murialdo
Murialdo (Ligurian: Moriaodo; Piedmontese: Muriaud) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Savona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 882 and an area of 37.5 square kilometres (14.5 sq mi).

The municipality of Murialdo contains the "Borgate" (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets): Piani, Piavata, Piano, Ponte, Bonetti, Valle, Isolagrande and Riofreddo.

Murialdo borders the following municipalities: Calizzano, Castelnuovo di Ceva, Massimino, Millesimo, Osiglia, Perlo, Priero, and Roccavignale.
Vitaliy Haiduk
Vitaliy Haiduk (born 19 July 1957) is a Ukrainian businessman and politician. One of the founders of the corporation Industrial Union of Donbas. PhD. From 10 October 2006 to 12 May 2007 Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. One of the richest Ukrainians, his estimated net worth is $2.7 billion.

Industrial Union of Donbas
Industrial Union of Donbas (ISD; Ukrainian: Індустріальний союз Донбасу, romanized: Industrialnyi soiuz Donbasu) is one of the biggest corporations in Ukraine. It is a horizontally integrated holding company that owns or directs stocks of 40 industrial enterprises in East Ukraine, Hungary, and Poland. The company was created in 1995 and before the appearance of SCM Holdings in 2000 was a major steel rolling corporation in East Ukraine. According to Interfax, ISD produces 9.2 million of steel annually. In 2012 World Steel Association ranking the corporation placed 33rd sharing it with JSW Steel Ltd.

In 2021 a court process was initiated regarding bankruptcy of ISD. Later, the Alchevsk Coke-Chemical Factory was recognized bankrupt and proceedings were initiated to liquidate a business entity. In 2017 ISD was informing that lost control of the Alchevsk Coke-Chemical Factory.
HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School
HKFEW Wong Cho Bau Secondary School is an aided secondary school in Hong Kong. Founded in September 2003, the school is fully subsidized by Government of Hong Kong. Most subjects of the school are taught in Chinese. Situated in Fu Tung Estate, Tung Chung, New Territories near Tung Chung station, the grammar school had 65 teachers, as of 2016. Established by Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers, the school is the only secondary school governed by the teachers union.

Tung Chung
Tung Chung (lit. "eastern stream") is an area on the northwestern coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong. One of the most recent new towns, it was formerly a rural fishing village beside Tung Chung Bay, and along the delta and lower courses of Tung Chung River and Ma Wan Chung in the north-western coast of Lantau Island. The area was once an important defence stronghold against pirates and foreign military during the Ming and the Qing dynasties.

Developed as part of the Airport Core Programme, the North Lantau New Town is the first new town on an outlying island of Hong Kong, with the first phases built on reclaimed land to the north, east and northeast of the original Tung Chung Town. Administratively, Tung Chung is part of Islands District.
Method of characteristics
In mathematics, the method of characteristics is a technique for solving particular partial differential equations.  Typically, it applies to first-order equations, though in general characteristic curves can also be found for hyperbolic and parabolic partial differential equation.  The method is to reduce a partial differential equation (PDE) to a family of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) along which the solution can be integrated from some initial data given on a suitable hypersurface.

First-order partial differential equation
In mathematics, a first-order partial differential equation is a partial differential equation that involves the first derivatives of an unknown function  of  variables. The equation takes the form

using subscript notation to denote the partial derivatives of .

Such equations arise in the construction of characteristic surfaces for hyperbolic partial differential equations, in the calculus of variations, in some geometrical problems, and in simple models for gas dynamics whose solution involves the method of characteristics, e.g., the advection equation. If a family of solutions
of a single first-order partial differential equation can be found, then additional solutions may be obtained by forming envelopes of solutions in that family. In a related procedure, general solutions may be obtained by integrating families of ordinary differential equations.
Bayantooroi, Govi-Altai
Bayantooroi  (Mongolian: Баянтоорой) is a bag in Tsogt sum (district) of Govi-Altai Province, Mongolia.

Bayantooroi is an irrigated cropping settlement in a Gobi Desert oasis, 62 km south of Tsogt sum center. The headquarters for the Great Gobi A and the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Areas are in Bayantooroi. Eej Khairkhan Uul natural monument is 50 km west of Bayantooroi.

44°55′29″N 96°45′18″E﻿ / ﻿44.92472°N 96.75500°E﻿ / 44.92472; 96.75500

Great Gobi A Strictly Protected Area
The Great Gobi A Strictly Protected Area is a nature reserve in the Gobi Desert, situated in the southwestern part of Mongolia at the border with China. A similar reserve in the Gobi exists further to the west - the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area. Both reserves form one unit, the Great Gobi Strictly Protected Area (SPA), that encompasses a total of 53,000 km2 (20,000 sq mi). Great Gobi A is one of the last refuges for critically endangered animals such as the wild Bactrian camel and the Gobi bear.
Lotus herbaceus
Lotus herbaceus is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the genus Lotus of the family Fabaceae. The species includes the plants formerly called Dorycnium herbaceum and Dorycnium jordanii. The flowering period extends from May through July.

Lotus (genus)
Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus of flowering plants that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches. Depending on the taxonomic authority, roughly between 70 and 150 species are accepted, all legumes; American species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to other genera. Lotus species are found in the Eastern Hemisphere and adapted to a wide range of habitats.

The aquatic plant commonly known as the Indian or sacred lotus is Nelumbo nucifera, a species not closely related to Lotus.
Diocese of Dodge City
The Diocese of Dodge City (Latin: Dioecesis Dodgepolis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in southwestern Kansas in the United States. Created in 1951, it is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas. John Brungardt is the bishop.

Marion Francis Forst
Marion Francis Forst (September 3, 1910 – June 2, 2007) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Dodge City in Kansas from 1960 to 1976, then as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas from 1976 to 1986.
Bethesda, Gwynedd
Bethesda (/bɛˈθɛzdə/; Welsh: [bɛˈθɛsda]) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. It is on the banks of  Afon Ogwen and on the edge of Snowdonia. It is about 5 miles (8 km) south-west of Bangor. It is a predominantly Welsh-speaking town.

Afon Ogwen
Afon Ogwen (Welsh for 'River Ogwen'; Welsh: [ˈɔɡʊɛn]) is a river in north-west Wales draining from some of the greatest peaks in Snowdonia before discharging to the sea on the eastern side of Bangor, Gwynedd.
Cristobal Tapia de Veer
Juan Cristóbal Tapia de Veer (born October 18, 1973) is a Chilean and Canadian film and television score composer, arranger, producer and multi-instrumentalist based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He is best known for his work on the American TV series The White Lotus, for which he won several Primetime Emmy Awards. He is also known for scoring British TV series Utopia, for which he won a Royal Television Society award in the best original score category in 2013, and the UK Channel 4's National Treasure, which earned him a BAFTA in 2017. He has received awards from the Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada in 2013 and 2017.

The White Lotus season 2
The second season of The White Lotus, an American satirical comedy drama anthology television series created, written, and directed by Mike White, premiered on HBO on October 30, 2022. The season was greenlit in August 2021, filmed in Sicily in early 2022, and features an ensemble cast of F. Murray Abraham, Jennifer Coolidge, Adam DiMarco, Meghann Fahy, Beatrice Grannò, Jon Gries, Tom Hollander, Sabrina Impacciatore, Michael Imperioli, Theo James, Aubrey Plaza, Haley Lu Richardson, Will Sharpe, Simona Tabasco, and Leo Woodall. Coolidge and Gries reprise their roles from the previous season.

The plot follows the lives of the staff and wealthy guests at a luxury resort in Sicily. The season received critical acclaim, earning 12 nominations at the 75th Primetime Emmys and 11 nominations at the Creative Arts Emmys, winning five awards across both ceremonies.
Carlsbad, California
Carlsbad is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry.

TaylorMade
TaylorMade Golf Company is an American sports equipment manufacturing company based in Carlsbad, California, United States. The company focuses on the golf equipment market, producing golf clubs, balls, and clothing. TaylorMade Golf is currently a subsidiary of Centroid Investment Partners after it was purchased from KPS Capital Partners in May 2021.

TaylorMade's initial success came with the innovation of metal drivers, which debuted in 1979 and have subsequently dominated the golf market. In September 2012, Outside magazine named TaylorMade one of America's "Best Places to Work".
Gippsland Independent Schools
Gippsland Independent Schools (GIS) is an association of schools in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. The association organises many inter-school extracurricular competitions. These include swimming, diving, athletics, summer sports (cricket, tennis, softball and basketball), winter sports (football, soccer, hockey and netball), and cultural festivals, including drama, chess, dance and debating.
Students from year 7 and up can participate in most of these events.

Chairo Christian School
Chairo Christian School is a multi-campus co-educational private, non-denominational Christian School with campuses in Drouin, Victoria, Drouin East, Pakenham, Victoria, Leongatha, Victoria, and Traralgon, Victoria.

Founded in 1983, Chairo currently caters for over 1,700 students from Prep to Year 12 all across Gippsland, with the largest campus being at Pakenham. Chairo Christian School also has a Kindergarten program that caters for children aged 3–4.

According to a statement from its principal, the school teaches both evolution and creationism, though clearly states the school's belief in creationism in such classes.
Lotus-Ford Twin Cam
The Lotus-Ford Twin Cam is an inline-four petrol engine developed by Lotus for the 1962 Lotus Elan. A few early examples displaced 1.5 litres, but the majority were 1.55-litre (1557cc) engines. It used a Ford "Kent" iron cylinder block and a new aluminium cylinder head with dual overhead camshafts. The Twin Cam was used in a variety of vehicles until Lotus stopped production in 1973. It was succeeded by the Lotus 907 engine.

Lotus 23
The Lotus 23 was designed by Colin Chapman as a small-displacement sports racing car. Nominally a two-seater, it was purpose-built for FIA Group 4 racing in 1962–1963.  Unlike its predecessors Lotus 15 and 17, the engine was mounted amidship behind the driver in the similar configuration developed on Lotus 19.
Candelilla wax
Candelilla wax is a wax derived from the leaves of the small candelilla shrub native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, Euphorbia antisyphilitica, from the family Euphorbiaceae. It is yellowish-brown, hard, brittle, aromatic, and opaque to translucent.

Wax
Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic solids that are  malleable near ambient temperatures.  They include higher alkanes and lipids, typically with melting points above about 40 °C (104 °F), melting to give low viscosity liquids. Waxes are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as hexane, benzene and chloroform.  Natural waxes of various types are produced by plants and animals and occur in petroleum.
Atsugewi traditional narratives
Atsugewi traditional narratives include myths, legends, tales, and oral histories preserved by the Atsugewi people of the Pit River basin of Northeastern California.

Atsugewi oral literature reflects the transitional position of Atsugewi culture between Central California, Northwest Coast, Plateau, and Great Basin regions.

Atsugewi
The Atsugewi are Native Americans residing in northeastern California, United States. Their traditional lands are near Mount Shasta, specifically the Pit River drainage on Burney, Hat, and Dixie Valley or Horse Creeks. They are closely related to the Achomawi and consisted of two groups (the Atsugé and the Apwaruge). The Atsugé ("pine-tree people") traditionally are from the Hat Creek area, and the Apwaruge ("juniper-tree people") are from the Dixie Valley. They lived to the south of the Achomawi.
Llansawel
Llansawel is a village and community in Carmarthenshire, Wales, about ten miles north of Llandeilo. It covers an area of 4,079 hectares (15.75 sq mi). The community is bordered by the communities of: Pencarreg; Cynwyl Gaeo; Talley; Llanfynydd; Llanfihangel Rhos-y-Corn; and Llanybydder, all being in Carmarthenshire.

Llansawel's population was 438, according to the 2011 census; a 6.1% increase since the 413 people noted in 2001.

The 2011 census showed 47.9% of the population could speak Welsh, a fall from 60.8% in 2001.

Llanybydder
Llanybydder (Welsh pronunciation: [ˌɬanəˈbəðɛr], formerly spelt Llanybyther, is a market town and community straddling the River Teifi in Carmarthenshire, West Wales. At the 2011 Census, the population of the community was 1638, an increase from 1423 at the 2001 Census.

Llanybydder is situated around 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Lampeter where the University of Wales Trinity Saint David is located. The Mynydd Llanllwni (383m), Mynydd Llanybydder (408m) and Mynydd Pencarreg (415m) mountains are located to the south and east of Llanybydder.
Eduard von Schele zu Schelenburg
Eduard August Friedrich Freiherr von Schele zu Schelenburg (September 23, 1805 – February 13, 1875) was Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Hanover and the last Post Director General of the Thurn-und-Taxis Post in Frankfurt.

He was born and buried in Schelenburg.

Thurn-und-Taxis Post
The Thurn-und-Taxis Post (German: [ˈtuːɐ̯n ʔʊnt ˈtaksɪs ˈpɔst]) was a private postal service and the successor to the Imperial Reichspost of the Holy Roman Empire. The Thurn-und-Taxis Post was operated by the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis between 1806 and 1867. The company was headquartered in Regensburg from its creation in 1806 until 1810 when it relocated to Frankfurt am Main where it remained until 1867.