hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
L-estimator
In statistics, an L-estimator (or L-statistic) is an estimator which is a linear combination of order statistics of the measurements. This can be as little as a single point, as in the median (of an odd number of values), or as many as all points, as in the mean.

The main benefits of L-estimators are that they are often extremely simple, and often robust statistics: assuming sorted data, they are very easy to calculate and interpret, and are often resistant to outliers. They thus are useful in robust statistics, as descriptive statistics, in statistics education, and when computation is difficult. However, they are inefficient, and in modern times robust statistics M-estimators are preferred, although these are much more difficult computationally. In many circumstances L-estimators are reasonably efficient, and thus adequate for initial estimation.

L-moment
In statistics, L-moments are a sequence of statistics used to summarize the shape of a probability distribution. They are linear combinations of order statistics (L-statistics) analogous to conventional moments, and can be used to calculate quantities analogous to standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis, termed the L-scale, L-skewness and L-kurtosis respectively (the L-mean is identical to the conventional mean). Standardized L-moments are called L-moment ratios and are analogous to standardized moments. Just as for conventional moments, a theoretical distribution has a set of population L-moments. Sample L-moments can be defined for a sample from the population, and can be used as estimators of the population L-moments.
Lawrence Mushwana
Adv Lawrence Mabendle Mushwana (born 3 March 1948) was the Public Protector of South Africa before advocate Thuli Madonsela succeeded him. Mushwana was appointed by President Thabo Mbeki from October 2002 until October 2009.

Mushwana is a lawyer by profession with a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Zululand. From 1972 to 1975 he worked as an interpreter at the Bushbuckridge Magistrate's Court. From 1992 until 2003 he worked as an attorney with Mushwana Attorneys.

He is a member of the African National Congress, having served in the Limpopo Provincial Executive from 1994 to 2002, and in the National Executive from 1999 until 2002. From 1999 to 2002 he was also the Deputy Chair of the National Council of Provinces. He was appointed as the South African Public Protector in 2002 and at the end of his term in 2009 he left to chair the South African Human Rights Commission.

South African Human Rights Commission
The South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) was inaugurated in October 1995 as an independent chapter nine institution. It draws its mandate from the South African Constitution by way of the Human Rights Commission Act of 1994.
Disney Jr. (Portugal)
Disney Jr. is a British-managed Portuguese pay television channel operated by The Walt Disney Company Portugal; part of The Walt Disney Company Iberia. Aimed mainly at children between 2 and 7 years of age, it was launched on 1 October 2008 as Disney Cinemagic and Disney Junior launched on 1 November 2012, replacing Disney Cinemagic. Along with the new channel, Disney launched "Disney Movies On Demand" service on ZON.

In March 2021, a HD feed was launched on the TV operator MEO.

Disney Cinemagic
Disney Cinemagic was a European programming block and television channel brand that was used from 2006 to 2019, owned by The Walt Disney Company (UK) (50%) Sky plc (50%) and operated by the Disney Channels Worldwide division of The Walt Disney Company. It was broadcast in most countries in Western Europe; starting in the mid-2010s, formerly-branded Disney Cinemagic channels, including France (Disney Cinema) and the United Kingdom and Ireland (Sky Movies Disney), were run by third parties which primarily aired films by Walt Disney Studios, however, most of these channels shut down after Disney+ launched in 2019.
Corin Mellor
Corin Mellor (born 17 December 1966) is a designer specializing in silverware, tableware and furniture. Son of the biographer Fiona MacCarthy and the cutlery designer David Mellor, he succeeded his father on his retirement in 2002 as creative director of the family-owned manufacturing and retailing company David Mellor Design.

David Mellor (designer)
David Rogerson Mellor CBE FCSD RDI (5 October 1930 – 7 May 2009) was an English designer, manufacturer, craftsman and retailer.

Regarded as one of the best-known designers in Britain, Mellor specialised in metalwork and especially cutlery. He also produced many other designs, including for bus shelters and the traffic light system in use across the United Kingdom, British Crown Dependencies, and British overseas territories.
Kinsey, Alabama
Kinsey is a town in Houston County, Alabama, United States. It was initially located and incorporated in Henry County in February 1893. In 1903, it was redrawn into newly created Houston County and was later reincorporated in August 1957. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Kinsey had a population of 2,203.

Dothan metropolitan area, Alabama
The Dothan Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Geneva, Henry, and Houston counties in southeastern Alabama, anchored by the city of Dothan, county seat of Houston County. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 145,639.
2007 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering
The 2007 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering (French: Championnat d'Europe de ski de montagne 2007) was the seventh European Championship of ski mountaineering and was held in Avoriaz, Morzine between the Mont Blanc and the Lac Léman from March 24–28.

The competition was organized by the Fédération française de la montagne et de l’escalade (FFME) ordered by the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC) of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA). About 230 athletes of 21 nations participated. Compared to the 2005 European Championship the vertical race and the relay race event also ranked.

European Championships of Ski Mountaineering
The European Championships of Ski Mountaineering were the European championships for national ski mountaineering teams from 1992 to 2009. They were held biannually and were separated into men's and women's competitions.

The first championships were sanctioned by the Comité International du Ski-Alpinisme de Compétition (CISAC). After the CISAC was merged with the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC) of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA), the competitions are held biannually by the ISCM. Since 2008, when the ISMC merged into the International Ski Mountaineering Federation (ISMF) the championships have been sanctioned by the ISMF. The original 9th edition, in 2009 decided to be held in Claut, Italy, in the end was held as the 6th edition of the World Championships.
Berrynarbor
Berrynarbor (historically Berry Narbor, Berrie Nerbert, etc) is a village, civil parish and former manor in the North Devon district of Devon, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 749, increasing to 802 at the 2011 census. The village is located on the north coast of the county to the north of Exmoor, about three miles east of Ilfracombe. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the east by the parishes of Combe Martin, Kentisbury, East Down, Marwood, Bittadon, and Ilfracombe. Berrynarbor has within its purview to all sides a mixture of dense woodlands and farms and lies within the North Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Bittadon
Bittadon is a civil parish and former manor in the North Devon district of Devon, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 45. It is about seven miles north of Barnstaple and is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Berrynarbor, Marwood and West Down.

During the reign of King John (1199–1216), the manor was held by the de Bittadon family. They remained seated there for six generations. The Lovering family next acquired Bittadon, followed by the Luttrell family. This was a junior branch of the Luttrells of Dunster Castle in Somerset. In about 1635, Bittadon was held by the Chichester family, the senior branch of which was seated at Raleigh, Pilton, near Barnstaple.
Fatality statistics in the Western Australian mining industry
Fatality statistics in the Western Australian mining industry captures the number of people killed in the industry in the Australian state of Western Australia. During the period 2000-2012 (inclusive), a total of 52 fatalities occurred. In 2006, the Chamber of Minerals and Energy of Western Australia commissioned a taxonomic study to analyse the 306 mining fatalities which occurred between 1970 and 2006. The Department of Mines and Petroleum, later renamed the Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, the governing authority for the industry in the state, has published statistics for fatalities in mining dating back to 1943 and intends to publish statistics dating back to 1886, though early records are not expected to be exhaustive.

Central Norseman gold mine
The Central Norseman gold mine is located at Norseman, Western Australia. Norseman lies at the southern end of the Norseman-Wiluna Greenstone Belt, in the Eastern Goldfields Province of the Yilgarn Block, Western Australia.

The mine was owned by an unincorporated 50/50 joint venture between Tulla Resources, formerly Norseman Gold, and Pantoro Limited until a merger of the two in June 2023. Until its closure in 2014 it was Australia's longest continuously running gold mining operation, producing approximately six million ounces from its opening in 1935. The mine recommenced production in 2022.
Winslow railway station
Winslow railway station refers to either one of two railway stations which historically served or is planned to serve, the town of Winslow in north Buckinghamshire, England. The original station (1850–1985) was on the former Varsity Line between Cambridge and Oxford. Since October 2024, construction of a new station is complete and is scheduled to be served by East West Rail, as part of the plan to reinstate the Oxford–Cambridge service. In March 2025, Chiltern Railways announced that it had been appointed to operate passenger services on the EWR line between Oxford and Milton Keynes Central (via Oxford Parkway, Bicester Village, Winslow and Bletchley). Chiltern expects the service to become operational in 2026.

Winslow, Buckinghamshire
Winslow /ˈwɪnzloʊ/ is a market town and civil parish in north Buckinghamshire, England, within the Buckinghamshire Council unitary authority area. It has a population of just over 4,400. It is located approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) south-east of Buckingham, and 7 miles (11 km) south-west of Bletchley (Milton Keynes).
1908 New Zealand Māori rugby league tour of Australia
The 1908 New Zealand Māori rugby league tour of Australia was a tour made by a group of New Zealand Māori rugby footballers who played rugby league matches in Queensland and New South Wales. The tour had a large role in helping the New South Wales Rugby League establish itself in Sydney. As a result, the tour is a significant part of rugby league history. Financial and legal issues disrupted the end of the tour and an exhibition match held under rugby union rules was held to help pay for the team's return voyage to New Zealand.

Ernie Asher
Ernest "Ernie" Asher (21 April 1886 – 10 April 1973), also known as Te Keepa Pouwhiuwhiu, was a New Zealand rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played representative rugby league (RL) for New Zealand Māori and New Zealand. His brothers included John Atirau Asher and fellow international Albert Asher.
Mike Mo Capaldi
Michael Capaldi (born March 27, 1990), popularly known as Mike Mo Capaldi, is a professional regular-footed skateboarder who gained popularity following his video part in Forecast, a video produced by professional skateboarder Paul Rodriguez.

Girl Distribution Company
Crailtap is a skateboarding distribution company based in Torrance, California, United States. The distribution company is home to Girl Skateboards, Chocolate Skateboards, Royal Skateboard Trucks, and Fourstar Clothing.
Low Pin Count
The Low Pin Count (LPC) bus is a computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller, CPLD, and/or IPMI chip), and Trusted Platform Module (TPM).  "Legacy" I/O devices usually include serial and parallel ports, PS/2 keyboard, PS/2 mouse, and floppy disk controller.

Most PC motherboards with an LPC bus have either a Platform Controller Hub (PCH) or a southbridge chip, which acts as the host and controls the LPC bus.  All other devices connected to the physical wires of the LPC bus are peripherals.

Trusted Platform Module
A Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a secure cryptoprocessor that implements the ISO/IEC 11889 standard. Common uses are verifying that the boot process starts from a trusted combination of hardware and software and storing disk encryption keys.

A TPM 2.0 implementation is part of the Windows 11 system requirements.
Batapur
Batapur is a town near the city of Lahore, Pakistan. It was established as a residence for the workers of a Bata shoe factory. The nearest airport is the Allama Iqbal International Airport in Lahore, an approximately 20-minute drive on the Lahore Ring Road.

Bata Corporation
The Bata Corporation (known as Bata, and in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, known as Baťa, [ˈbaca]) is a multinational footwear, apparel and fashion accessories manufacturer and retailer of Moravian (Czech) origin, headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. In 2017, the global marketing department moved to Prague to further centralize the company.

A family-owned business for over 125 years, the company is organized into three business units: Bata, Bata Industrials (safety shoes) and AW Lab (sports style). Bata is a portfolio company with more than 20 brands and labels, such as Bata, North Star, Power, Bubblegummers, sprint, Weinbrenner, Sandak, and Toughees. In 2004, the Guinness World Records named Bata the "Largest Shoe Seller and Manufacturer" of all time, as the company has sold over 14 billion pairs of shoes since its inception.
Indian rock
Indian rock is a music genre in India that may incorporate elements of Indian music with rock music, and is often topically India-centric. While India is more often known for its (northern and southern) classical music, filmi, Bollywood music, Indi-pop, and Bhangra, the Indian rock scene has also produced numerous bands and artists.

Rudra (band)
Rudra is a Vedic metal band from Singapore formed in 1992. Rudra play a uniquely composed avant garde blend of styles, including, among others, black metal-influenced death metal with interpolations and extended passages of traditional Carnatic music. The lyrical content is derived from Sanskrit Vedic literature and philosophy with, ancient mantras (shlokas) incorporated into the song structures.
Kelela (woreda)
Kelala (Amharic: ከለላ) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Kelala is bordered on the south by the Semien Shewa Zone, on the southwest by the Walaqa River which separates it from the Oromia Region, on the west by Wegde, on the north by Legambo, on the northeast by Legahida, and on the east by Jama. Towns in Kelala include Kelala and Liguama. Kelala town is 157 km far from Dessie in the Western direction.

Jama (woreda)
Jama (Amharic: ጃማ) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Jama is bordered on the southeast by the Qechene River which separates it from the Semien Shewa Zone, on the west by Kelala, on the north by Legahida, and on the northeast by Were Ilu. Towns in Jama include Dagolo, Faj, and Shul Afaf.
Jason Barry-Smith
Jason Barry-Smith (born 12 December 1969) is an Australian operatic baritone, vocal coach, composer, and arranger. He works with organisations such as Opera Queensland, the Queensland Symphony Orchestra, Seven Network, and the Queensland Youth Choir.

Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University
Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University (formerly the Queensland Conservatorium of Music) is a selective, audition based music school located in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, and is part of Griffith University.
Vinpocetine
Vinpocetine (ethyl apovincaminate), sold under the brand name Cavinton among others, is a synthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vincamine, differing by the removal of a hydroxyl group and by being the ethyl rather than the methyl ester of the underlying carboxylic acid.  Vincamine is extracted from either the seeds of Voacanga africana or the leaves of Vinca minor (lesser periwinkle).

Vinca alkaloid
Vinca alkaloids are a set of anti-mitotic and anti-microtubule alkaloid agents originally derived from the periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus (basionym Vinca rosea) and other vinca plants.  They block beta-tubulin polymerization in a dividing cell.
High School for Medical Professions
The High School for Medical Professions is a public high school located in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Canarsie in New York City.  It teaches grades 9 through 12, and enrolls students throughout the New York City school system.

This high school opened in the buildings of the former Canarsie High School, which was closed due to poor performance and graduated its last class in 2011.  The school will share its facilities with the Urban Action Academy and the High School for Innovation in Advertising and Media.  The school is set to focus on training its students for a pre-medical and pre-health sciences curriculum, including the nursing and pharmacy fields.   Students will be required to complete 50 hours of community service in nursing homes, hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and medical offices.  The school has partnerships with the Bristol Meyers Squibb and Duane Reade pharmaceutical firms.

Canarsie High School
Canarsie High School was a public high school in the Brooklyn neighborhood of Canarsie in New York City. It first opened in 1964 but closed in 2011. The building currently operates as Canarsie Educational Campus, housing several smaller high schools.
Regent's Park College, Oxford
Regent's Park College (known colloquially within the university as Regent's) is a permanent private hall of the University of Oxford, situated in central Oxford, just off St Giles', England, United Kingdom.

Founded in 1810, the college moved to its present site in 1927 and became a licensed hall of the university in 1957. The college now admits both undergraduate and graduate students to take Oxford degrees in a variety of arts, humanities and social science subjects. It is one of the few academic institutions within the University of Oxford to have accepted women as well as men since before the mid-twentieth century, with women attending college since the 1920s. It is affiliated with the Baptist Union of Great Britain.

As of 2022, Regent's Park College had a financial endowment of £7.8 million.

St Benet's Hall, Oxford
St Benet's Hall (known colloquially as Benet's) was a permanent private hall (PPH) of the University of Oxford, originally a Roman Catholic religious house of studies. It closed in 2022. The principal building was located at the northern end of St Giles' on its western side, close to the junction with Woodstock Road, Oxford.
Darren Wilson (musician)
Darren Wilson (born 10 April 1986) is an American musician who is the drummer of the Chicago-based indie-rock group The Hush Sound. He plays alongside bandmates, 
Wilson was a member of the band Until Sundown along with Chris Faller, until they were both recruited to play join The Hush Sound in late 2004/early 2005.

In late-July through mid-August 2009, Wilson played drums with Mark Rose (formerly of Spitalfield) on his solo outing, and continues to play scattered live dates regularly.

In 2013, The Hush Sound reunited, released new music, and toured around the United States.

Chris Faller
Chris Faller (born 1 May 1985 in Buffalo, NY) is the bassist of The Hush Sound and Company of Thieves. Faller provides vocals as well, along with bandmates Greta Salpeter, Robert Morris, and Darren Wilson. Faller joined the band last after much persuasion from drummer Darren Wilson, and since then The Hush Sound has been signed by Fueled By Ramen. Faller and The Hush Sound released a new album, titled Goodbye Blues.

In October 2008 Faller left the band to pursue other musical interests. In July 2009, while The Hush Sound was still on hiatus, Faller joined the band Family Order as a bassist.  Chris later rejoined the Hush Sound on a brief tour around the United States, and helped in writing their EP titled “Forty Five”, which was released in 2013.
Shaun Burgoyne
Shaun Playford Burgoyne (born 21 October 1982) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club and Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Burgoyne was the first Indigenous Australian player in elite Australian rules football (the VFL/AFL, the SANFL and the WAFL) to reach the 400-game milestone, as well as the fifth player overall in the VFL/AFL, and   the seventh player overall in elite Australian rules football. He was also the first VFL/AFL player to have reached the milestone playing for two different clubs.

With 35 AFL finals appearances, Burgoyne also had the third-most finals appearances of any VFL/AFL footballer, behind only Michael Tuck's 39 and Joel Selwood’s 40. Burgoyne also played four finals matches in the SANFL, with his total of 39 finals appearances across the SANFL and AFL the third most in elite Australian rules football, behind Selwood's 40 and Peter Carey's 43.

2013 AFL Grand Final
The 2013 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between Hawthorn Football Club and Fremantle Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 28 September 2013. It concluded the 118th season of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 2013 AFL season. The match, attended by 100,007 spectators, was won by Hawthorn by a margin of 15 points, marking the club's eleventh VFL/AFL premiership victory. Hawthorn's Brian Lake was awarded the Norm Smith Medal as the best player on the ground.
International Association for Sports Surface Sciences
The International Association for Sports Surface Sciences (ISSS) is the union of labs and experts in the field of sports surfaces. It was founded in 1985 in Switzerland. Its aims are the exchange of information and ideas regarding testing sports surfaces such as sports hall floors, synthetic surfaces of athletic tracks and artificial turf surfaces. Members are located all over the world.

The ISSS is officially related to the IAAF. The ISSS has a board of directors consisting of Hans J. Kolitzus (CH/D), Vic Watson (GB), Ties Joosten (NL) and Alastair Cox (GB)). The head office is located in Switzerland. The ISSS organizes regular Technical Meetings with experts from the industry to discuss issues of common interest.

Running track
An all-weather running track is a rubberized, artificial running surface for track and field athletics. It provides a consistent surface for competitors to test their athletic ability unencumbered by adverse weather conditions. Historically, various forms of dirt, rocks, sand, and crushed cinders were used. Many examples of these varieties of track still exist worldwide.