hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah (Arabic: رُقعة) or Riqʿah (Arabic: رِقعة) is a writing style of Arabic script intended for the rapid production of texts. It is a relatively simple and plain style, used for everyday writing and often used for signs. The Ottoman calligraphers Mumtaz Efendi (1810–1872) and Mustafa Izzet Efendi (1801–1876) are credited with standardizing the writing style which had existed in slightly different styles as everyday handwriting.

It is not to be confused with the much older reqāʿ (رِقَاع) style.

Naskh (script)
Naskh is a small, round script of Islamic calligraphy. Naskh is one of the first scripts of Islamic calligraphy to develop, commonly used in writing administrative documents and for transcribing books, including the Qur’an, because of its easy legibility.

In his 1617 Grammatica Arabica, Thomas van Erpe defined naskhī characters as the "noblest and true writing style".
Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
The Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference of 1889–1890 was held from 18 November 1889 to 2 July 1890 in Brussels and concluded with the adoption of the Brussels Conference Act of 1890 on the prohibition of slave trade and slavery in Africa. The convention favoured colonial policies, justified by the anti-slavery argument. The event and its origins were shaped primarily by a narrow national interest. Governments paid lip service to humanitarian goals in order to legitimize their imperial aims.

Belgian Anti-Slavery Society
The Belgian Anti-Slavery Society (French: Société antiesclavagiste de Belgique, Dutch: Antislavernijmaatschappij van België) was a 19th-century organization, with the goal of putting an end to the Indian Ocean slave trade in the African continent. The Belgian Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1888, mainly by catholic intellectuals, led by count Hippolyte d'Ursel. The founders were inspired by the preaching of Charles Lavigerie, a French Cardinal, held at the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula in August 1888. By January 1889 the society counted 700 members and had a working capital of  300.000 francs at its disposal. The abolitionist ideology of the  Anti-Slavery Society was, however, closely linked with imperialism. From 1890 to 1899 the  Société antiesclavagiste de Belgique organized and funded four military expeditions, sent to fight the Arab/Zanzibari slavers of the eastern Congo Free State regions.
Capel Lofft Holden
Brigadier-General Sir Henry Capel Lofft Holden KCB FRS (23 January 1856 – 30 March 1937) was an English engineer, the designer of Brooklands motor racing circuit, chairman of The Royal Automobile Club and other organisations.

Brooklands
Brooklands was a 2.767-mile (4.453 km) motor racing circuit and aerodrome built near Weybridge in Surrey, England, United Kingdom. It opened in 1907 and was the world's first purpose-built 'banked' motor racing circuit as well as one of Britain's first airfields, which also became Britain's largest aircraft manufacturing centre by 1918, producing military aircraft such as the Wellington and civil airliners like the Viscount and VC10.

The circuit hosted its last race in August 1939 and today part of it forms the Brooklands Museum, a major aviation and motoring museum, as well as a venue for vintage car, motorcycle and other transport-related events.
William F. Lyell
William Franklin Lyell (February 14, 1929 – August 31, 1951) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on August 31, 1951.

Lyell joined the army from Old Hickory, Tennessee, in 1950.

Old Hickory, Tennessee
Old Hickory is a neighborhood of metropolitan Nashville, located in the Hadley Bend section of eastern Davidson County, Tennessee. Old Hickory is governed by the Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County, because the government of Davidson County is consolidated with that of Nashville.
Casco Bay Lines
Casco Bay Lines (also known as the Casco Bay Island Transit District; abbreviated to CBITD) is a publicly run transportation company that services the residents of the islands of Casco Bay, Maine. The seven islands are Peaks Island, Little Diamond Island, Great Diamond Island, Diamond Cove, Long Island, Chebeague Island and Cliff Island.

The company has a fleet of five vessels. Schedules to the islands vary seasonally. During the summer months, more frequent trips serve the islands, while there are significantly fewer trips during the winter.

Long Island, Maine
Long Island is a Casco Bay island and town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States, which seceded from the city of Portland in 1993.  The population was 234 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.
Macha Grenon
Macha Grenon (born June 7, 1968) is a Canadian film and television actress.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, Grenon's credits include roles in the television series Urban Angel, Scoop, Le cœur a ses raisons, Emily of New Moon, Nouvelle adresse and H2O, as well as the films The Pianist, Stardom, Familia, Windsor Protocol, You Can Thank Me Later, Days of Darkness, Barney's Version and The Year Dolly Parton Was My Mom. She garnered a Best Actress nomination at the 26th Genie Awards for her performance in Familia.

Her father, Michel Grenon, was a history professor at the Université du Québec à Montréal, and her grandfather, Hector Grenon, was a historian who wrote several books on the history of Montreal.

Windsor Protocol
Windsor Protocol is a 1997 British-Canadian television thriller film directed by George Mihalka and starring Kyle MacLachlan. It is "inspired by the characters created by Jack Higgins", particularly Sean Dillon. The Windsor Protocol is a list created by Adolf Hitler that will help revive the Nazi party; Dillon must find it before it falls into the wrong hands.
Bororo
The Bororo are indigenous people of Brazil, living in the state of Mato Grosso. They also extended into Bolivia and the Brazilian state of Goiás. The Western Bororo live around the Jauru and Cabaçal rivers. The Eastern Bororo (Orarimogodoge) live in the region of the São Lourenço, Garças, and Vermelho Rivers. The Bororo live in eight villages. The Bororo (or even Coroados, Boe, Orarimogodo) are an ethnic group in Brazil that has an estimated population of just under two thousand. They speak the Borôro language (code ISO 639 : BOR) and are mainly of animistic belief. They live in eight villages in the central areas of Mato Grosso. A famous exponent of this group is Cândido Rondon, a Brazilian army official and founder of Fundação Nacional do Índio (or FUNAI). Bororo's culture was closely studied by French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss during his expedition to Amazonia and Mato Grosso (1935–1936), described in his famous book Tristes Tropiques (1955).

Bororo language
Bororo (Borôro), also known as Boe, is the sole surviving language of the small Bororoan family believed by some to be part of the Macro-Jê languages. It is spoken by the Bororo, hunters and gatherers in the central Mato Grosso region of Brazil.
Valentine Armitage
Lieutenant-Colonel Valentine Leathley Armitage MC TD (1888–1964) was a British Army officer and schoolmaster. He was the headmaster of Bloxham School from 1925 and 1940, where he introduced a number of pioneering reforms.

Bloxham School
Bloxham School, also called All Saints' School, is a private co-educational day and boarding school of the British public school tradition, located in the village of Bloxham, three miles (5 km) from the town of Banbury in Oxfordshire, England. The present school was founded in 1860 by Philip Reginald Egerton and has since become a member of the Woodard Corporation. The current headmaster is Paul Sanderson, who took over from Mark Allbrook in 2013. The school has approximately 560 pupils with a maximum current capacity of 600.

The school is affiliated with Woodard Schools, as only the governors/governing body is fully responsible for the school's performance, but hold responsibility to the Woodard Board. On Woodard Schools website it is listed under "Woodard Incorporated Schools (independent)".

Founded as a school of the Oxford Movement, Bloxham is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
Atsicholos
Atsicholos (Greek: Ατσίχολος) is a mountain village in the municipal unit Gortyna, Arcadia, Greece. It is considered a traditional settlement which is situated on a mountain slope above the right bank of the river Lousios, near its confluence with the Alfeios. It is 2 km east of  Vlachorraptis, 4 km west of Elliniko and 5 km north of Karytaina.

The village has significant Byzantine-era remains, and sights include the local Church of St. Athanasios, a laurel forest and the nearby monastery of Panagia Kalamiou.

Gortyna, Arcadia
Gortyna (Greek: Γόρτυνα), is a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Megalopoli, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 116.205 km2. Its seat was in the village Karytaina. The name of the municipality was taken from the ancient city of Gortys.
Ludmila of Bohemia
Ludmila of Bohemia (c. 860 – 15 September 921) is a Czech saint and martyr venerated by Catholic and Orthodox Christians. She was born in Mělník as the daughter of the Sorbian prince Slavibor. Saint Ludmila was the grandmother of Saint Wenceslaus, who is widely referred to as Good King Wenceslaus. Saint Ludmila was canonized shortly after her death. As part of the process of canonization, in 925, Wenceslaus moved her remains to St. George's Basilica, Prague.

St. George's Basilica, Prague
St. George's Basilica (Czech: Bazilika sv. Jiří) is the oldest surviving church building within Prague Castle, Prague, Czech Republic. The basilica was founded by Vratislaus I of Bohemia in 920. It is dedicated to Saint George. Primarily Romanesque in style, it is part of the collection of buildings that comprise the castle, the political capital of the nation, and the spiritual center of the Czech state.
Gmina Zawonia
Gmina Zawonia is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Trzebnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Zawonia, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Trzebnica, and 24 kilometres (15 mi) north-east of the regional capital Wrocław. It is part of the Wrocław metropolitan area.

The gmina covers an area of 118.12 square kilometres (45.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,929.

Zawonia, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Zawonia ([zaˈvɔɲa]) (German: Schawoine) is a village in Trzebnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Zawonia.
Arknights
Arknights is a free-to-play tactical RPG/tower defense mobile game developed by Hypergryph. It was released in China on 1 May 2019, in other countries on 16 January 2020, and in Taiwan on 29 June 2020. Arknights is available on Android and iOS platforms and features gacha game mechanics.

A spin-off game, Arknights: Endfield, was released in January 2026. Three seasons of an anime adaptation of Arknights have aired from late 2022 to 2025.

Arknights: Endfield
Arknights: Endfield is an action role-playing game developed by the Chinese developer Hypergryph, published by them in China, and published elsewhere by its international division, Gryphline. It is a spinoff of Hypergryph's 2019 tower defense game Arknights. The game was released on 22 January 2026, for PlayStation 5, Windows, and mobile devices.
Nawab Faqir Muhammad khan Goya
Nawab Faqir Muhammad Khan Goya (c. 1784 – c. 1850), was an Urdu poet, Writer, Military leader and Nawab of Malihabad from Malihabad in Awadh (present‑day Uttar Pradesh, India). Under his pen‑name Goya he produced Urdu poetry, and he was the founder of the Estate of Malihabad known as Tharri-Fatehnagar Commander-in-chief of Oudh State and also served as Governor of Azamgarh.

Malihabad
Malihabad is a town and nagar panchayat in the Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the seat of a tehsil and a community development block of the same name. As of 2011, its population was 17,818, in 3,032 households. Malihabad is the largest of Uttar Pradesh's 14 designated mango belts and accounted for 12.5% of all mango production in the state in 2013. Hundreds of mango varieties are grown here, including the Chausa, Langda, Safeda, and most famously the Dasheri, the "king of mangoes" of which it is one of India's main producers and exporters. Mango grower and Padma Shri recipient Haji Kaleem Ullah Khan has contributed to the popularization of Malihabad's mango industry.

Malihabad is also a centre of chikan embroidery work.

Malihabad has two slum areas called Joshin Tola (pop. 475) and Basti Dhanwant Rai (pop. 589), with 5.97% of the town's population living in them.

Neighbouring places include Garhi Sanjar Khan to the west and Bakhtiyarnagar to the south.
Dressed to Kill (1941 film)
Dressed to Kill is a 1941 American mystery film directed by Eugene Forde and starring Lloyd Nolan, Mary Beth Hughes and Sheila Ryan. It was produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox, one of several films to feature the private detective Michael Shayne. The film is based on The Dead Take No Bows, a mystery novel by Richard Burke.

Michael Shayne
Michael "Mike" Shayne is a fictional private detective character created during the late 1930s in a series of novels written by writer Brett Halliday, a pseudonym of Davis Dresser. The character appeared in a series of seven films starring Lloyd Nolan for Twentieth Century Fox, five films from the low-budget Producers Releasing Corporation with Hugh Beaumont, a radio series under a variety of titles between 1944 and 1953, a television pilot broadcast in 1958, and later in 1960–1961 in a 32-episode NBC television series starring Richard Denning in the title role.
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy
In thoracic surgery, a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE), also referred to as pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), is an operation that removes organized clotted blood (thrombus) from the pulmonary arteries, which supply blood to the lungs.

Pulmonary thrombectomy
A pulmonary thrombectomy is an emergency surgical procedure used to remove blood clots from the pulmonary arteries.

Mechanical thrombectomies can be surgical (surgical thrombectomy) or percutaneous (percutaneous thrombectomy).

Surgical thrombectomies were once popular but were abandoned because of poor long-term outcomes. Recently, in selected patients, they have gone through a resurgence with the revision of the surgical technique.
John Howlett
John Howlett (4 April 1940 – 4 March 2019) was an English author and screenwriter who lived in Rye, East Sussex.

He started his writing career by co-writing the screenplay of the 1968 feature film if...., directed by Lindsay Anderson.

If....
If.... (stylized as if....) is a 1968 British satirical drama film produced and directed by Lindsay Anderson, and starring Malcolm McDowell in his film debut as the character Mick Travis, who appeared in two further Anderson films. Other actors include  Richard Warwick, Christine Noonan, David Wood, and Robert Swann. A satire of English public school life, the film follows a group of pupils who stage a savage insurrection at a boys' boarding school. The film is notable for jumpstarting McDowell's and Anderson's careers as well as using black-and-white and colour switches throughout the film along with blending surreal and realistic elements. Director Stephen Frears worked as an assistant director to Anderson on this film.

Upon release, If.... received critical acclaim, with praise for its powerful and accurate depiction of the British public school system. It continues to be considered one of the greatest British films of the 20th century for its portrayal of youthful rebellion.
Olga von Root
Baroness Olga Vadimovna von Root (Russian: Ольга Вадимовна фон Рот; 2 December 1901 – 28 June 1967) was a Russian stage actress and singer. Born into a noble family of German, Polish, and Greek background, Root was educated at the Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens in Russia.

As a teenager, she ran away from home and travelled with a Romani family, studying their music and dance. During the Russian Revolution, while her father served in the White Army, Root performed in cabarets and nightclubs to help support her family. After the war, she performed in Russia and other European countries as a stage actress and singer under the stage name Olga Vadina. She later married the American industrialist Armand Hammer and moved to the United States, taking up residence in Manhattan. While living in New York, she worked to transcribe numerous Romani ballads. Root is the grandmother of American businessman Michael Armand Hammer and the great-grandmother of American actor Armie Hammer.

Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens
The Smolny Institute of Noble Maidens of Saint Petersburg (Russian: Смольный институт благородных девиц Санкт-Петербурга) was the first women's educational institution in Russia that laid the foundation for women's education in the country. It was Europe's first public educational institution for girls.
Hohe Warte (Karwendel)
The Hohe Warte is a mountain, 2,597 m (AA) in height, in the Karwendel range in Austria. It is located between the  Kleiner Solstein to the west and the Hintere Brandjochspitze to the east, in the Nordkette in the state of Tyrol, north of the Innsbruck quarter of Kranebitten and has a prominence of at least 77 metres.

Kleiner Solstein
The Kleiner Solstein is a mountain, 2,637 m (AA) high, in the  Nordkette in the  Karwendel Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Despite its name ("Small Solstein") it towers above its western neighbour, the Großer Solstein ("Great Solstein") (2,541 m (AA)) by almost 100 m (330 ft) and is thus the highest summit in the Nordkette. The southern side of the Kleiner Solstein facing the Inn valley is characterised by schrofen and steep-sided cirques. To the north it plummets in a rock face up to 600 m (2,000 ft) high towards the valley of Großkristental, which runs from the Gleirsch valley in a southwesterly direction to the Erl Saddle.
Publius Mummius Sisenna Rutilianus
Publius Mummius Sisenna Rutilianus was a Roman senator of the second century AD. He is best known from Lucian's vivid portrayal of him in Alexander vel Pseudomantis, where the senator is described as "a man of good family and tested in many Roman offices, but utterly sick as far as the gods were concerned," as the most distinguished victim of the bogus oracle established by the story's namesake in Paphlagonia. Rutilianus was suffect consul in the nundinium of May-June 146 with Titus Prifernius Paetus Rosianus Geminus as his colleague.

Titus Prifernius Paetus Rosianus Geminus
Titus Prifernius Paetus Rosianus Geminus was a Roman senator of the second century who held a series of posts in the emperor's service. He was suffect consul for the nundinium of May–June AD 146 as the colleague of Publius Mummius Sisenna Rutilianus.
Melville Glacier
Melville Glacier (65°28′S 62°10′W﻿ / ﻿65.467°S 62.167°W﻿ / -65.467; -62.167) is a glacier, 12 nautical miles (22 km) long, between Mapple Glacier and Pequod Glacier on the east coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It flows eastwards between Stevrek Ridge and Parlichev Ridge in the Aristotle Mountains, to enter Domlyan Bay in the Weddell Sea. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1947 and 1955, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Herman Melville, the author of the 1851 novel Moby-Dick. Several other features in the area, such as Mount Ahab, are named after characters in the story.

Mapple Glacier
Mapple Glacier (65°25′S 62°15′W﻿ / ﻿65.417°S 62.250°W﻿ / -65.417; -62.250) is a narrow glacier 15 nautical miles (28 km) long, flowing eastward between Arkovna Ridge and Stevrek Ridge in the Aristotle Mountains of Antarctica to enter Sexaginta Prista Bay on the east side of Graham Land. It lies 2 nautical miles (4 km) north of Melville Glacier and is separated from it by a line of small peaks. The glacier was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1961, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Father Mapple, the whalemen's Nantucket priest in Herman Melville's Moby-Dick.
Michael O'Keefe
Michael O'Keefe (born Raymond Peter O'Keefe Jr.; April 24, 1955) is an American actor known for his roles as Danny Noonan in Caddyshack; Ben Meechum in The Great Santini, for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; and Darryl Palmer in the Neil Simon movie The Slugger's Wife. He also appeared as Fred on the television sitcom Roseanne from 1993 to 1995.

The Great Santini
The Great Santini is a 1979 American drama film written and directed by Lewis John Carlino. It is based on the 1976 novel by Pat Conroy. The film stars Robert Duvall, Blythe Danner, and Michael O'Keefe.
Vientiane Prefecture
Vientiane Prefecture (Lao: ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ, Nakhônlouang ViangChan, pronounced [nā(ʔ).kʰɔ́ːn lǔaŋ wíaŋ tɕàn], RTGS: Nakhon Luang Wiang Chan) is a prefecture of Laos, in northwest Laos. The national capital, Vientiane, is in the prefecture. The prefecture was created in 1989, when it was split off from Vientiane province.

On a curve of the Mekong River, and bordering Thailand, the prefecture covers an area of 3,920 km2 (1,510 sq mi). Vientiane city was built in the 16th century in the reign of King Saysethathirath. The older part of the city has temples, museums, monuments and parks.

Protected areas in the prefecture include Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area, Phou Phanang National Protected Area, and Houay Ngang Forest Reserve.

Vientiane province
Vientiane province (Lao: ແຂວງວຽງຈັນ, pronounced [kʰwɛ̌ːŋ wíaŋ tɕàn]) is a province of Laos in the country's northwest. As of 2015 the province had a population of 419,090.

In the 16th century, Vientiane, under King Setthathirat's rule, became a centre of Buddhist teachings and temples were built.
Oskil Dam
The Oskil Dam (Ukrainian: Оскільська ГЕС), also known as the Oskil Hydroelectric Station, is a former hydroelectric plant in Eastern Ukraine along the Oskil River. The plant first began operation in 1958, and was destroyed on April 2, 2022, during the Russo-Ukrainian War.

Oskil
The Oskil or Oskol (Ukrainian: Оскiл; Russian: Оскол) is a south-flowing river in Russia and Ukraine. It arises roughly between Kursk and Voronezh and flows south to join the Siverskyi Donets which flows southeast to join the Don. It is 472 kilometres (293 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 14,800 square kilometres (5,700 sq mi).

The river has its sources on the Central Russian Upland, and flows through Kursk and Belgorod Oblasts in Russia, and through the eastern part of Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine, where it joins the Seversky Donets river. An artificial lake, the Oskil Reservoir, was created in 1958 to help with flood protection and as a source of electricity.

There are several towns along the Oskil: Stary Oskol, Novy Oskol and Valuyki in Russia, and Kupiansk, Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi, Kivsharivka, Borova and Dvorichna in Ukraine.
Albert Visetti
Albert Anthony Visetti (13 May 1846–10 July 1928) was a Dalmatian musician who moved to London where he was Professor of Singing at the Royal College of Music, becoming a Fellow in 1921. He was the stepfather of the novelist Radclyffe Hall.

Radclyffe Hall
Marguerite Antonia Radclyffe-Hall (12 August 1880 – 7 October 1943), also known by her pen name Radclyffe Hall, was an English poet and author best known for her novel The Well of Loneliness, a groundbreaking work in lesbian literature. In adulthood, she often called herself John, rather than Marguerite.