hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tony Martin (British singer)
Anthony Philip Harford (born 19 April 1957), better known by his stage name Tony Martin, is an English heavy metal vocalist, best known for his time fronting Black Sabbath, initially from 1987 to 1991 and again from 1993 to 1997. Martin was the band's second-longest-serving vocalist after Ozzy Osbourne. He has since been involved in other projects, including M3, Misha Calvin, The Cage, Giuntini Project, and Phenomena.

Despite performing almost exclusively as a vocalist, Martin is a multi-instrumentalist, stating in an interview that he plays guitar, bass, drums, violin, keyboards, harmonica, bagpipes, and pan pipes. On his 2005 solo album Scream, Martin performed vocals, bass, drums, violin and additional guitar parts.

Geoff Nicholls
Geoffrey James Nicholls (28 February 1948 – 28 January 2017) was an English guitarist and keyboardist, and longtime member of the heavy metal band Black Sabbath until 2004. Nicholls also played in the NWOBHM band Quartz before joining Black Sabbath. In the 1960s/early 1970s, Geoff played lead guitar/Keyboards for the Birmingham bands The Boll Weevils, The Seed, Johnny Neal and the Starliners, Bandy Legs, Jimmy Helms, Willie Basse and played keyboards for World of Oz.
Old Courthouse (St. Louis)
The Old St. Louis County Courthouse was built as a combination federal and state courthouse in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Missouri's tallest habitable building from 1864 to 1894, it is now part of Gateway Arch National Park and operated by the National Park Service for historical exhibits and events.

Karl Ferdinand Wimar
Karl Ferdinand Wimar (also known as Charles Wimar and Carl Wimar; 20 February 1828 – 28 November 1862), was a German-American painter who concentrated on Native Americans in the West and the great herds of buffalo.

He is known for an early painting of a colonial incident: his The Abduction of Boone's Daughter by the Indians (1855–56), a depiction of the 1776 capture near Boonesborough, Kentucky of Jemima Boone and two other girls by a Cherokee-Shawnee raiding party.
Abaqati family
The Abaqati family (or Khandān-e-Abaqāat) is a sub-branch of the Jarwal-Kintoor branch of Nishapuri Kazmi-Musavi Sayeds who trace their lineage to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the eldest son of the great-grandson of Musa al-Kadhim, he was given a jagir in Jarwal-Kintoor by Sultan Muhammad Tughluq, his other two brothers were given jagirs in Budgam, Kashmir and Sylhet, Bengal.

The most famous of Kintoori Sayyeds is Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi Saheb-e-Abaqaat, author of a work titled Abaqat al Anwar; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the nisba (title) they still bear, Abaqati. Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati Agha Roohi, a Lucknow based cleric is from the family of Nishapuri Kintoori Sayyids and uses title Abaqati.

Syed Muzaffar Husain Rizvi
Khateeb-ul-Iman Maulana Syed Muzaffar Husain Rizvi Tahir Jarwali, (31 Dec 1929 – 1 Dec 1987) was a Shia religious leader, social worker and one of the prominent Jarwali Syed and celebrated preacher of late 20th century (1970s and '80s).
Thomas Cundy (junior)
Thomas Cundy the younger (1790 – 15 July 1867) was an English architect, son of another architect of the same name. He  joined his father's practice and ultimately succeeded his father as surveyor of the Grosvenor Estate, and held the position during the main phase of the development of Belgravia and Pimlico by the contractor Thomas Cubitt.

St Saviour's, Pimlico
St Saviour's is an Anglo-Catholic church in Pimlico, City of Westminster, London, England, located at the north end of St George's Square. It was constructed in the 1860s as part of Thomas Cubitt's development of the area on behalf of the Marquess of Westminster. The church was designed by Thomas Cundy, who had previously built St Gabriel's Pimlico a short distance away. As with St Gabriel's, St Saviour's was designed in the Gothic style and built in ragstone to emphasise the contrast with the classical stucco of its secular neighbours. The church is Grade II listed.
Angel and Apostle
Angel and Apostle is a novel written by Deborah Noyes and published in 2005. It is often viewed as a sequel to The Scarlet Letter, a novel by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne, but it is more like a companion due to the overlap of events between the novels.

The Scarlet Letter
The Scarlet Letter: A Romance is a historical novel by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne, published in 1850. Set in the Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony during the years 1642 to 1649, the novel tells the story of Hester Prynne, who conceives a daughter with a man to whom she is not married and then struggles to lead a new life of repentance and dignity. As punishment, she must wear a scarlet letter 'A' (for "adultery"). Containing a number of religious and historic allusions, the book explores themes of legalism, sin, and guilt.

The Scarlet Letter was one of the first mass-produced books in the United States. It was popular when first published and is considered a classic work of American literature. Commonly listed among the Great American Novels, it has inspired numerous film, television, and stage adaptations. Critics have described The Scarlet Letter as a masterwork, and novelist D. H. Lawrence called it a "perfect work of the American imagination".
Springfield Boulevard
Springfield Boulevard  is a major north/south roadway that runs through the eastern section of Queens, New York. It is 7.8 miles (12.6 km) long and goes from Northern Boulevard in Bayside, to 147th Avenue in Springfield Gardens. Springfield Boulevard runs through Bayside, Oakland Gardens, Hollis Hills, Queens Village, Cambria Heights, Laurelton, Springfield Gardens and along the eastern border of St. Albans. The name "Springfield," derived from the Springfield Armory, is one of several firearms-oriented street names in the area. This is the result of the National Rifle Range having been situated on the grounds of what is now Creedmoor State Hospital during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

New York State Route 25A
New York State Route 25A (NY 25A) is a state highway on Long Island in New York, United States. It serves as the main east–west route for most of the North Shore of Long Island, running for 73 miles (117 km) from Interstate 495 (I-495) at the Queens–Midtown Tunnel in the New York City borough of Queens to NY 25 in Calverton, Suffolk County. The highway is a northern alternate route of NY 25, which follows a more inland routing along Jericho Turnpike.

The route is known for its scenic path through decidedly lesser-developed areas such as Brookville, Fort Salonga, Centerport, and Roslyn. It is known by various names along its routing, the most prominent of which include Northern Boulevard, North Hempstead Turnpike, Main Street, Fort Salonga Road, and North Country Road. It merges with NY 25 for approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in Smithtown.
Sandgate railway station, New South Wales
Sandgate railway station is located on the Main Northern line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the western Newcastle suburb of Sandgate, opening in 1881 as Grant's Creek.

A one kilometre branch diverged behind the station in a north-westerly direction for Sandgate Cemetery. This closed on 13 October 1985. Following the completion of the Sandgate Flyover in November 2006, Sandgate station is flanked by two coal lines on either side.

Sandgate Flyover
The Sandgate Flyover is a grade-separated railway flyover that carries the Main North Line across the Kooragang Island line, located in Sandgate, in the City of Newcastle local government area of New South Wales, Australia.
Montagu Pass
Montagu Pass is situated in the Western Cape province of South Africa, on the unsigned road between Herold and George. The all gravel pass parallels the newer Outeniqua Pass which is designated as the N9/N12. The pass was named after John Montagu, Colonial Secretary of the Cape in the 1840s, who formally opened the pass in 1847.

The pass was damaged by floods in November 1996, and was closed for most of 1997 for repairs. A driving time of about one hour will take one over the Outeniqua Mountains and through the village of Herold to the N9.

The pass was designated a provincial heritage site in 1972.

Outeniqua Pass
The Outeniqua Pass is a mountain pass in the Western Cape, South Africa, that carries the N9/N12 national road through the Outeniqua Mountains north of George. It connects George and the Garden Route coastal plain with Oudtshoorn and the Little Karoo. It was constructed between 1943 and 1951, replacing the Montagu Pass as the main route from George to the interior.
Okka Disk
Okka Disk is an independent American jazz record company and label founded in Chicago by Bruno Johnson in 1994.

Okka began as a rock music label, but Johnson soon changed direction to record free jazz. Vintage Duets are the unreleased tapes recorded in 1980 by saxophonist Fred Anderson with drummer Steve McCall, and Caffeine, a trio featuring Chicago scene instigator Ken Vandermark. These were the albums that started the label. Okka Disk released many key early works by Ken Vandermark and was partly responsible for Fred Anderson's late-career renaissance.

The label also recorded European free jazz musicians such as Peter Brötzmann, documenting his transatlantic Chicago Octet and Tentet over ten albums. Since 2009, it organizes the Okka Fest, held in Milwaukee, where Johnson moved in 2002.

American Landscapes
American Landscapes, volumes 1 and 2, is a pair of live albums by the Peter Brötzmann Chicago Tentet, led by saxophonist Brötzmann, and featuring a ten-piece ensemble. Documenting performances of two large-scale works, they were recorded on May 28, 2006, at Le Weekend in the Tolbooth at Stirling, Scotland, and were released on CD in 2007 by Okka Disk. On the albums, Brötzmann is joined by saxophonists Mats Gustafsson and Ken Vandermark, trumpeter and saxophonist Joe McPhee, trombonist Johannes Bauer, tubist Per-Ake Holmlander, cellist Fred Lonberg-Holm, double bassists Kent Kessler and William Parker, and drummers Paal Nilssen-Love and Michael Zerang.
African American officeholders from the end of the Civil War until before 1900
More than 1,500 African-American officeholders served during the Reconstruction era (1865–1877) and in the years after Reconstruction before white supremacy, disenfranchisement, and the Democratic Party fully reasserted control in Southern states. Historian Canter Brown Jr. noted that in some states, such as Florida, the highest number of African Americans were elected or appointed to offices after the end of Reconstruction in 1877. The following is a partial list of African-American officeholders from the end of the Civil War until 1899. Dates listed are the year that a term states or the range of years served if multiple terms.

Isham Stewart
Isham Stewart (April 10, 1810 – January 15, 1893), sometimes written as Isom Stewart, was a state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era and also served in the Mississippi Senate. He was the target of attacks from newspapers critical of African American politicians as well as so-called scalawags and carpetbaggers. His son served as deputy sheriff and was prosecuted under a law intended to target Ku Klux Klan members. His son Robert served as postmaster in Macon, Mississippi.

Stewart was one of the first black legislators in Mississippi, he was photographed. He represented Noxubee County.

He served as a delegate to the constitutional convention and signed Mississippi's Reconstruction era 1868 constitution.
Video game preservation
Video game preservation is a form of preservation applied to the video game industry that includes, but is not limited to, digital preservation. Such preservation efforts include archiving development source code and art assets, digital copies of video games, emulation of video game hardware, maintenance and preservation of specialized video game hardware such as arcade games and video game consoles, and digitization of print video game magazines and books prior to the Digital Revolution.

Video Game History Foundation
The Video Game History Foundation is a non-profit foundation founded by Frank Cifaldi. The primary aim of the foundation is the archival, preservation, and dissemination of historical media related to video games.
João Ribeiro de Barros
João Ribeiro de Barros (4 April 1900 – 20 July 1947) was the first aviator of the three Americas to make an air crossing from Europe to America, on April 28, 1927, crossing the Atlantic Ocean with the Savoia-Marchetti S.55 hydroplane Jahú. On his flight, he had the company of three others: João Negrão (co-pilot), Newton Braga (navigator) and Vasco Cinquini (mechanic). The four aviators departed from Genoa, in Italy, to Santo Amaro (São Paulo), with stopovers in Spain, Gibraltar, Cabo Verde and Fernando de Noronha, in the Brazilian territory.

Savoia-Marchetti S.55
The Savoia-Marchetti S.55 is a twin-engine twin-hull monoplane flying boat designed and produced by the Italian aircraft manufacturer Savoia-Marchetti. It filled both commercial and military roles.

The S.55 first flew in August 1924 and S.55s were soon setting records for speed, payload, altitude and range, and they made a number of successful high profile Atlantic crossings, including the first mass formation crossings, which introduced a new word to English, a "Balbo", meaning a large formation of aircraft. Many saw service with the Regia Aeronautica and foreign operators including the Spanish Air Force as bombers and maritime patrol aircraft, while numerous airlines including Aeroflot also operated the type. Although some were still nominally in service at the start of the Second World War, they played no role due to their age and the last examples were struck off charge by 1943 in Italy and Romania.
Adíb
Hájí Mírzá Ḥasan-i-Adíbu'l-ʻUlamá (Arabic: حاج میرزا حسن اديب‌العلماء‎; September 1848–2 September 1919), known as Mírzá Ḥasan or Adíb, was an eminent follower of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was appointed a Hand of the Cause and identified as one of the nineteen Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh.

Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh
The Apostles of Baháʼu'lláh were nineteen prominent followers of Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. The apostles were designated as such by Shoghi Effendi, head of the religion in the earlier half of the 20th century, and the list was included in The Baháʼí World, Vol. III (pp. 80–81).

These individuals played a vital role in the development of the Baháʼí Faith, consolidating its adherents and bringing its teachings around the world. To Baháʼís, they filled a similar role as the sons of Jacob, the apostles of Jesus, Muhammad's companions, or the Báb's Letters of the Living.
Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center
The Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center (CSRHC) is a museum in Enid, Oklahoma, that focuses on the history of the Cherokee Outlet and the Land Run of September 16, 1893. Previously named the Museum of the Cherokee Strip, the museum has undergone renovations expanding the museum space to 24,000 square feet. The Cherokee Strip Regional Heritage Center is home to permanent and temporary exhibit galleries, a research center, and the Humphrey Heritage Village.

Land run
A land run or land rush was an event in which previously restricted land of the United States was opened to homestead on a first-arrival basis. Lands were opened and sold first-come or by bid, or won by lottery, or by means other than a run. The settlers, no matter how they acquired occupancy, purchased the land from the United States General Land Office. For Reservation Indian lands, the Land Office distributed the sales funds to the various tribal entities, according to previously negotiated terms. The Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889 was the most prominent of the land runs while the Land Run of 1893 was the largest. The opening of the former Kickapoo area in 1895 was the last use of a land run in the present area of Oklahoma.
Keld, Cumbria
Keld (or Keilde) is a hamlet in the English county of Cumbria.  It lies within the civil parish of Shap.

On the banks of the River Lowther it is a mile southwest of Shap and falls within that village's civil parish, Shap Abbey is nearby. Keld's medieval chapel (right) is noted for its unusual simplicity.

Shap
Shap is a village and civil parish located among fells and isolated dales in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. The village is in the historic county of Westmorland. The parish had a population of 1,221 in 2001, increasing slightly to 1,264 at the 2011 Census.
Qhini Jamach'ini
Qhini Jamach'ini (Aymara qhini selected, best potato, jamach'i bird; a variety of potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena), -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, Hispanicized spelling Queneamachini) is a mountain in the Peruvian Andes, about 5,200 metres (17,060 ft) high. It is located in the Moquegua Region, Mariscal Nieto Province, Carumas District. It lies north of the lake named Aqhuya Ch'alla (Pasto Grande), southwest of Wilaquta and Qurini, north of Qina Mich'ini and northeast of Arichuwa. A little lake named Janq'u Jamach'ini (Jancoamachini) is situated northwest of Qhini Jamach'ini.

Qina Mich'ini
Qina Mich'ini (Aymara  qina, qina qina a musical instrument, mich'i bow, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, Hispanicized spelling Quenamichini) is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Moquegua Region, Mariscal Nieto Province, Carumas District. Qina Mich'ini lies southwest of the mountain named Wilaquta and southeast of Phaq'u Tanka, Arichuwa and Qhini Jamach'ini.
Kreuzlingen Hafen railway station
Kreuzlingen Hafen railway station (German: Bahnhof Kreuzlingen Hafen, lit. 'Kreuzlingen Harbour Station') is a railway station in Kreuzlingen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the Lake line and is served by local trains only.

The station is located near a landing stage that is served by URh boat lines to Schaffhausen, via Konstanz and Stein am Rhein.

It is one of four railway stations in the municipality of Kreuzlingen, the others being Kreuzlingen, Kreuzlingen Bernrain, and Kurzrickenbach Seepark.

Kreuzlingen Bernrain railway station
Kreuzlingen Bernrain railway station (German: Bahnhof Kreuzlingen Bernrain) is a railway station in the municipality of Kreuzlingen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Wil–Kreuzlingen line of Thurbo, and is served as a request stop by local trains only.

Kreuzlingen Bernrain is one of four railway stations in the municipality of Kreuzlingen, the others being Kreuzlingen, Kreuzlingen Hafen, and Kurzrickenbach Seepark.
Lëpushë
Lëpushë is a settlement in the former Kelmend municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe.

View over the village of Lëpushë

Farmhouse with one-man-bunker

Simple hotel in Lëpushë

Landscape in Lëpushë

Kelmend (municipality)
Kelmend is a former municipality in the Shkodër County, northwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. The population at the 2023 census was 1,464.
Gongylus gongylodes
Gongylus gongylodes, also known as the wandering violin mantis, ornate mantis, or Indian rose mantis, is a species of praying mantis in the family Empusidae. Characterized by extremely slender limbs with large appendages, it is not a particularly aggressive species and often kept as a pet. The mantis is especially known for swaying its body back and forth to imitate a stick flowing in the wind. 
It primarily feeds on flying insects. Its native range is in southern India and Sri Lanka. It can reach up to 11 cm (4.3 in) long. The males of the species are capable of flight. They are a communal species, in that they are able to live and breed in large groups, without unnecessary cannibalism.
Adult females are about 10cm (3 in) and adult males are about 9 cm.

Its specific name gongylodes means "roundish" in Greek, from the same word as its generic epithet Gongylus.

Empusidae
Empusidae is a family of plant-mimicking mantises, consisting of 10 genera, in two subfamilies. Unlike many other mantis families, the Empusidae are a monophyletic lineage. Empusidae mantises are ambush predators, with mouthparts adapted to feeding on other insects and small animals. The majority of Empusidae species are distributed throughout Africa, but they are also found in Southeast Asia and in the southern parts of Europe.
Residual sodium carbonate index
The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) index of irrigation water or soil water is used to indicate the alkalinity hazard for soil.  The RSC index is used to find the suitability of the water for irrigation in clay soils which have a high cation exchange capacity. When dissolved sodium in comparison with dissolved calcium and magnesium is high in water, clay soil swells or undergoes dispersion which drastically reduces its infiltration capacity.

In the dispersed soil structure, the plant roots are unable to spread deeper into the soil due to lack of moisture. However, high RSC index water does not enhance the osmotic pressure to impede the off take of water by the plant roots unlike high salinity water. Clay soils irrigation with high RSC index water leads to fallow alkali soils formation.

Alkali soil
Alkali, or  alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and to be difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.
Malvar
Malvar, officially the Municipality of Malvar (Filipino: Bayan ng Malvar), is a  municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 74,565 people.

Santo Tomas, Batangas
Santo Tomas, officially the City of Santo Tomas (Filipino: Lungsod ng Santo Tomas), is a  component city in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 226,772 people.

Santo Tomas got its name from Spanish for Saint Thomas Aquinas, a Catholic saint whose patronal feast day is celebrated every March 7. It is also the hometown of Philippine Revolution and Philippine–American War hero Miguel Malvar, the last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans.
Television in the Netherlands
Television in the Netherlands was officially introduced in 1951. In the Netherlands, the television market is divided between a number of commercial networks, such as RTL Nederland, and a system of public broadcasters sharing three channels, NPO 1, NPO 2, and NPO 3. Imported programmes (except those for children), as well as news interviews with responses in a foreign language, are almost always shown in their original language, with subtitles.

Stingray Brava
Stingray Brava (formerly Brava) was a cultural television channel originated in the Netherlands, owned by the Stingray Group in Canada. The programming consisted of opera, ballet, and concertos. Productions were recorded in opera houses such as the Royal Opera House, the Teatro Real, and La Scala. The productions consisted of stage performances such as La bohème, Otello, Aida, Swan Lake, Tosca, Zoroastre and Così fan tutte.