hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Withington, Gloucestershire
Withington is a Cotswold village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, about 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Cheltenham and 8 miles (13 km) north of Cirencester.  The River Coln runs through the village. The parish includes the hamlets of Hilcot, Foxcote and Cassey Compton. The parish population taken at the 2021 census was 510.

Cirencester
Cirencester (/ˈsaɪ(ə)rənˌsɛstə/ ⓘ SY-rən-SEST-ə, occasionally /ˈsɪsɪtə/ ⓘ SIS-it-ə) is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the Thames. Cirencester is the eighth largest settlement in Gloucestershire and the largest town within the Cotswolds. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural University, the oldest agricultural college in the English-speaking world, founded in 1840. The town had a population of 20,229 in 2021. The town is 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Swindon, 18 miles (29 km) south-east of Gloucester, 37 miles (60 km) west of Oxford and 39 miles (63 km) north-east of Bristol.

The Roman name for the town was Corinium, which is thought to have been associated with the ancient British tribe of the Dobunni, having the same root word as the River Churn. The earliest known reference to the town was by Ptolemy in AD 150. The town's Corinium Museum has an extensive Roman collection.
2018 Walsh Cup
The 2018 Walsh Cup was an inter-county hurling competition based mainly in the Irish province of Leinster. It took place between December 2017 and January 2018.

For the first time, no third-level college teams took part. 10 Leinster counties, plus Antrim, competed. Longford and Louth entered the second-ranked Kehoe Cup.

Wexford were the 2018 champions, beating Kilkenny 3–2 in a free-taking competition after the final ended level on 1-24 each after extra time.	
This was the first inter-county hurling game to be decided by the taking of frees.

2018 Kehoe Cup
The 2018 Kehoe Cup was an inter-county and university hurling competition in the province of Leinster. The competition is ranked below the Walsh Cup and featured weaker teams from Leinster.

Longford were the winners for the first time.
Listed buildings in Samlesbury
Samlesbury is a civil parish in the South Ribble district of Lancashire, England.  It contains 22 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish is mainly rural, and many of its listed buildings are houses, farmhouses and farm buildings.  The most important buildings are Samlesbury Hall and the parish church, both of which are listed at Grade I.  The other listed buildings include structures associated with the church, a school, a bridge, a church built in the 19th century, and a lodge to the hall.

Church of St Leonard the Less, Samlesbury
The Church of St Leonard the Less is an Anglican church in the village of Samlesbury, Lancashire, England, situated close to the banks of the River Ribble. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn. It dates predominantly from 1558, with a tower added 1899–1900, and is protected as a Grade I listed building.
Vacha, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Vacha (Russian: Ва́ча) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Vachsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population:  5,987 (2010 Census); 6,732 (2002 Census); 7,455 (1989 Soviet census).

Vachsky District
Vachsky District (Russian: Ва́чский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vachsky Municipal District. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 979.5 square kilometers (378.2 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Vacha. Population: 19,979 (2010 Census);  23,349 (2002 Census); 29,198 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vacha accounts for 30.0% of the district's total population.
Boriç i Madh
Boriç i Madh (Serbian: Велики Борич) is a settlement in the former Gruemirë municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. The village is inhabited by a minority of Slavic Muslims (using the demonym "Podgoriçani"), and is part of the wider Vraka region inhabited by Serbs–Montenegrins. The neighbourhood is called Veliki Borič ("Big Borič") and Novi Borič ("New Borič") in south Slavic.

Vraka
Vraka (Albanian indefinite form: Vrakë, Serbian Cyrillic: Врака) is a region in Shkodër County in northern Albania. The region includes settlements located on the shore of Lake Scutari, some 7 km north of the city of Shkodër. This ethnographic region is inhabited by Serb-Montenegrins, Podgoriçani (Slavic Muslims) and Albanians; it used to be mainly inhabited by Serb-Montenegrins. A small Serbo-Montenegrin community migrated and established itself in Vraka during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The majority of the Serbo-Montenegrin community came to Vraka, Albania from Montenegro during the interwar Zogist period following 1926 and later from 1938 until 1948. By the year 2010 most of the Orthodox families returned to Montenegro and Serbia. As of 2019, there are only a few families living there (less than five).
On-line Guitar Archive
The On-line Guitar Archive (OLGA) was the first Internet library of plain-text chords charts and tablatures (or "tabs") for guitar and bass. As a non-commercial repository of thousands of files, it was a popular resource for musicians of all genres for over a decade, from 1992 to 2006.

Tablature
Tablature (or tab for short) is a form of musical notation indicating instrument fingering or the location of the played notes rather than musical pitches.

Tablature is common for fretted stringed instruments such as the guitar, lute or vihuela, as well as many free reed aerophones such as the harmonica.  Tablature was common during the Renaissance and Baroque eras, and is commonly used today in notating many forms of music.

Three types of organ tablature were used in Europe: German, Spanish and Italian.

To distinguish standard musical notation from tablature, the former is usually called "staff notation" or just "notation".
Dampier Bay
Dampier Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. Located off northwestern Bathurst Island, the bay is on the west side of May Inlet.

Other bays in the area include Evans Bay, Purcell Bay, Stuart Bay, Shamrock Bay, and Half Moon Bay.

Evans Bay (Nunavut)
Evans Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. Located off northwestern Bathurst Island, the bay is on the east side of Erskine Inlet, across from Île Vanier.

Other bays in the area include Dampier Bay and Cameron Bay.
Clotworthy Skeffington, 11th Viscount Massereene
Clotworthy John Eyre Skeffington, 11th Viscount Massereene (9 October 1842 – 26 June 1905) was an Anglo-Irish peer.

He was the son of John Skeffington, 10th Viscount Massereene and Olivia Grady. He inherited his father's titles in the Peerage of Ireland in 1863. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Louth between 13 November 1879 and March 1898. He served in the Antrim Militia Artillery at Carrickfergus Castle, which had been commanded by his father, and was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant himself on 20 November 1872.

He married Florence Elizabeth Whyte-Melville, daughter of George Whyte-Melville on 4 October 1870. He was succeeded in his titles by his second son, Algernon Skeffington, as his eldest son, Oriel, had died in April 1905.

Algernon Skeffington, 12th Viscount Massereene
Algernon William John Clotworthy Skeffington, 12th Viscount Massereene and 5th Viscount Ferrard, DSO (28 November 1873 – 20 July 1956) was a British Army officer and an Ulster Unionist member of the Senate of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1929. During this period he served as Deputy Leader of the Senate and Parliamentary Secretary in the Department of the Prime Minister.
WSCR (AM)
WSCR (670 kHz) – branded 104-3 The Score – is a commercial AM sports radio station, licensed to Chicago, Illinois, which serves the Chicago metropolitan area. Owned by Audacy, Inc., WSCR is a clear-channel station with extended nighttime range in most of the Central United States and part of the Eastern United States.

Studios are located at Two Prudential Plaza in the Chicago Loop, while the station transmitter site is in suburban Bloomingdale, diplexed with co-owned WBBM. Besides its main analog transmission, WSCR is simulcasted on 104.3 WSCR-FM, and streams online via Audacy.

WCPT (AM)
WCPT (820 AM) is a commercial progressive talk radio station licensed to Willow Springs, Illinois. Owned by Heartland Signal LLC, the station serves the Chicago metropolitan area. The station's studios and daytime transmitter are located in the Jefferson Park neighborhood on Chicago's Northwest Side, while its nighttime transmitter is located in Joliet.
Azov campaigns (1695–1696)
The Azov campaigns of 1695–1696 (Russian: Азо́вские похо́ды, romanized: Azovskiye Pokhody) were two Russian military campaigns during the Russo-Turkish War of 1686–1700, led by Peter the Great and aimed at capturing the Turkish fortress of Azov (garrison – 7,000 men) with the aim of controlling the southern mouth of the Don River gaining access to the Sea of Azov and entrance to the Black Sea. Despite stubborn resistance and heavy casualties, the Russians under General Sheremetev after a failed siege in 1695 managed to capture the fort, accompanied by a naval force, in July 1696, marking the first major Russian victory against the Turks.

Azov Fortress
The Azov Fortress (Russian: Азовская крепость, romanized: Azovskaya krepost) is a fortified complex in Azov, Rostov Oblast, Russia, overlooking the Don River and the Port of Azov to the north. It includes a rampart, watchtowers and gates. The Azov Fortress (formerly known as Azak Fortress) was founded by Turks on behalf of the Ottoman Empire in 1475. It guarded the northern approaches to the Empire and access to the Azov Sea. After a series of conflicts, a peace treaty was signed in Constantinople on July 13, 1700 between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire. The sultan recognized Russia's possession of the Azov area.
Lysimachus of Egypt
Lysimachus (Greek: Λυσίμαχoς; fl. 3rd century BC) was a  son of king Ptolemy Philadelphus (283–246 BC)  by Arsinoe, the daughter of Lysimachus, king of Thrace. He survived both his brother Ptolemy III Euergetes (246–221 BC) and his nephew Magas of Egypt (241–221 BC), but was not much later put to death by Sosibius, the minister and guardian of Ptolemy IV Philopator (221–204 BC).

Sosibius
Sosibius (Ancient Greek: Σωσίβιoς; floruit 221-204 BC) was the chief minister of Ptolemy IV Philopator (221–204 BC), king of Egypt. Nothing is known of his origin or parentage, though he may have been a son of Sosibius of Tarentum; nor is there any account of how he rose to power. He is first attested immediately after the accession of Ptolemy IV in 221 BC, exercising great influence over the 22-year old king alongside Agathocles, the brother of Ptolemy IV's mistress Agathoclea. He remained a major force throughout the reign and helped ensure the smooth succession of Ptolemy V Epiphanes in 204 BC. After that he disappears from the record.
Togolese Armed Forces
The Togolese Armed Forces (French: Forces Armées Togolaises, FAT) is the national military of the Republic of Togo which consists of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and the National Gendarmerie. The total military expenditure during the fiscal year of 2005 was 1.6% of the country's GDP. Military bases exist in Lomé, Temedja, Kara, Niamtougou, and Dapaong. The current Chief of the General Staff is Brigadier General Dimini Allaharé, who took office on May 28, 2024.

Gendarmerie Nationale Togolaise
The Gendarmerie nationale Togolaise (French for the Togolese National Gendarmerie) is a branch of the Togolese Armed Forces. Its 2,710 gendarmes protect people and property in rural areas, control roads and communications and contribute to provide assistance to the population in emergencies.
Kingdom of Western Georgia
The Kingdom of Western Georgia (Georgian: დასავლეთ საქართველოს სამეფო, romanized: dasavlet sakartvelos samepo) was a late medieval de facto independent fragmented part of the Kingdom of Georgia that emerged during the Mongol invasions of the realm, led by King David VI Narin in 1259 and later followed by his successors. During this period, the kingdom was reduced to the eastern part of the country and placed under Mongol control. Over the decades, the monarchy would fall into chaos and transform into a federation of autonomous principalities unruly of the central or regional royal power and authority.

Most of the occasions, realm would be reannexed into unified fold by the eastern Georgian kings. Nevertheless, the unified Georgian realm would de jure collapse in 1490, and western Georgia would secure an independent future under the name of Kingdom of Imereti, that will exist til 1810.

Bagrat I of Imereti
Bagrat I the Minor (Georgian: ბაგრატ მცირე, Bagrat Mts'ire; died 1372), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was king of Western Georgia from 1329 until 1330, when he was reduced to a vassal duke by George V of Georgia.
Vitaliy Komarnytskyi (politician)
Vitaliy Marianovych Komarnytskyi (Ukrainian: Віталій Мар'янович Комарницький; born 15 March 1964) is a Ukrainian jurist, civil engineer and politician, who served as the Head of the Luhansk Military-Civil Administration in 2019.

Governor of Luhansk Oblast
The governor of Luhansk Oblast is the head of the executive branch for the Luhansk Oblast. Due to the current Russo-Ukrainian War, the administration has been assigned as a civil–military administration since 5 March 2015. As a result, the governor of the Oblast is officially called Head of the Luhansk Regional Military–Civil Administration.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine, to serve a four-year term.

The official residence for the governor was originally located in Luhansk and then relocated to Sievierodonetsk (until its capture by Russian forces in 2022) due to the War in Donbas, since 5 March 2015.
2024 UFL season
The 2024 UFL season was the first season of the United Football League, which was created following the merger of the XFL and USFL, and the fifth season in the combined history of the two leagues, following the 2020 XFL season, 2022 USFL season, and separate 2023 seasons for both the USFL and XFL.

The regular season began on March 30, 2024, and ended on June 2, 2024. The season kicked off with a matchup between the 2023 XFL champion Arlington Renegades and the 2023 USFL champion Birmingham Stallions. The postseason started on June 8, 2024 and concluded on June 16, 2024 with the 2024 UFL Championship.

The Birmingham Stallions defeated the San Antonio Brahmas 25–0 in the 2024 UFL Championship Game, the only shutout of the entire season, to win their third consecutive spring football championship, adding to their back-to-back championships in the rebooted USFL.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Hotta-no-saku
The Hotta-no-saku ruins (払田柵跡, Hotta-no-saku iseki) is an archaeological site containing the ruins of a large-scale Heian period josaku-style fortified settlement located in what is now part of the municipalities of Daisen and Misato in the Tōhoku region of Japan.  The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1931. The site is maintained  as an archaeological park with some reconstructed buildings.

Daisen, Akita
Daisen (大仙市, Daisen-shi) is a city in Akita Prefecture, Japan. As of 28 February 2023, the city had an estimated population of 76,277 in 31,544 households, and a population density of 88 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 866.79 square kilometres (334.67 sq mi). The city was created in 2005 by the merger of eight municipalities in the Omagari Semboku region. It is the venue for the National Fireworks Competition (Omagari Fireworks) and is known as the city of fireworks.
1996–97 Lithuanian Hockey League season
The 1996–97 Lithuanian Hockey League season was the sixth season of the Lithuanian Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Lithuania. Five teams participated in the league, and SC Energija won the championship. SC Energija received a bye until the finals, as they played in the Eastern European Hockey League.

Energija/GV Elektrėnai
Energija/GV Elektrėnai (formerly Energija Elektrėnai) is a professional ice hockey team based in Elektrėnai, Lithuania. The team competes in the Latvian Hockey Higher League, the top tier of ice hockey in Latvia. The team plays its home games at Elektrėnai Ice Palace. Energija is the most successful ice hockey team in Lithuania, having won 26 Lithuanian championships.
Tafí Viejo Department
The department of Tafí Viejo is a department of the province of Tucumán (Argentina), created in 1907 by the reform of the provincial constitution, which divided the old department Tafí. Its head is the homonymous city. Bordered on the north by the department Trancas, east to Burruyacú and Cruz Alta, south of Capital, Yerba Buena and Lules, and west to Tafí del Valle.

Cruz Alta Department
Cruz Alta Department is a department located in the east of the Tucumán Province, Argentina. In 2001 its population was 162,240 (2nd in the province) largely located in the Banda del Río Salí-Alderetes Area (northwest). The Department seat is the city of Banda del Río Salí.
Adria Airways
Adria Airways d.o.o. (formerly Inex-Adria Aviopromet and later Inex-Adria Airways) was the flag carrier of Slovenia, operating scheduled and charter services to European destinations. The company's head office was at Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport in Zgornji Brnik, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, near Ljubljana. On 30 September 2019, the airline declared bankruptcy, ceasing all operations. Since Adria's collapse, Slovenia has not had a flag carrier.

Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308
Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308 was a charter flight, operated with a McDonnell Douglas MD-82, which brought Yugoslavian tourists to Corsica. On 1 December 1981, on its final approach, the plane crashed into Mont San Petru; all of the 180 passengers and crew died. The crash is the first, and the deadliest, major aviation accident involving an MD-80 model aircraft.
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
The covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism refers to ways of writing the laws of classical electromagnetism (in particular, Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force) in a form that is manifestly invariant under Lorentz transformations, in the formalism of special relativity using rectilinear inertial coordinate systems. These expressions both make it simple to prove that the laws of classical electromagnetism take the same form in any inertial coordinate system, and also provide a way to translate the fields and forces from one frame to another. However, this is not as general as Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime or non-rectilinear coordinate systems.

Classical electromagnetism
Classical electromagnetism or classical electrodynamics is a branch of physics focused on the study of interactions between electric charges and currents using an extension of the classical Newtonian model. It is, therefore, a classical field theory. The theory provides a description of electromagnetic phenomena whenever the relevant length scales and field strengths are large enough that quantum mechanical effects are negligible. For small distances and low field strengths, such interactions are better described by quantum electrodynamics which is a quantum field theory.
Holbrookia maculata perspicua
Holbrookia maculata perspicua, commonly known as the eastern earless lizard and the prairie earless lizard, is a subspecies of lizard in the family Phrynosomatidae. H. m. perspicua is a subspecies of the lesser earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata). The subspecies is native to the prairies of the central United States.

Holbrookia maculata
Holbrookia maculata, commonly known as the lesser earless lizard,  is a species of lizard in the family Phrynosomatidae. The species is native to the southwestern and central United States and northern Mexico. There are eight recognized subspecies.
Ralph Bagnold
Brigadier Ralph Alger Bagnold, OBE, FRS, (3 April 1896 – 28 May 1990) was an English 20th-century desert explorer, geologist, and soldier.

Bagnold served in the First World War as an engineer in the British Army.

In 1932, he staged the first recorded East-to-West crossing of the Libyan Desert. His work in the field of Aeolian processes was the basis for the book The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes, establishing the discipline of aeolian geomorphology, combining field work observations, experiments and physical equations. His work has been used by United States' space agency NASA in its study of the terrain of the planet Mars, the Bagnold Dunes on Mars' surface were named after him by the organisation.

He returned to the forces in the Second World War, in which he founded the behind-the-lines reconnaissance, espionage, and raiding unit the "Long Range Desert Group", serving as its first commanding officer in the North Africa campaign.

Libyan Sands
Libyan Sands: Travel in a Dead World (first published 1935; reprinted by Eland in 2010) is a travel book by Ralph A. Bagnold, founder of the British Army's Long Range Desert Group in the Second World War. Sahara expert Eamonn Gearon called it "without question, the classic work of 20th-century Saharan exploration". The book is a first-hand account of Bagnold's pioneering adventures driving Model T Ford automobiles around in the Saharan desert during his time in the British army. The work takes place in the period just prior to World War II. It is still considered a classic work, and in 2010, it was reissued by Eland.
Alainites
Alainites is a genus of  Palaearctic and Oriental mayflies in the family Baetidae, erected by R.D. Waltz et al. in 1994.  About eight species are predominantly European, with A. muticus (Linnaeus, 1758) previously considered a species group of the genus Baetis (which was subsequently recognised as polyphyletic). The latter is sometimes called the "iron blue", although this name is used by anglers to include at least two species in the related genus Nigrobaetis and has a widespread distribution, including the British Isles.

Baetidae
Baetidae is a family of mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide. These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and sometimes much smaller, and members of the family are often referred to as small mayflies or small minnow mayflies. Most species have long oval forewings with very few cross veins (see Comstock-Needham system) but the hindwings are usually very small or even absent. The males often have very large eyes, shaped like turrets above the head (this is known as "turbinate condition").

Baetids breed in a wide range of waters from lakes and streams to ditches and even water butts. The nymphs are strong swimmers and feed mainly on algae.