hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salutation
A salutation is a greeting used in a letter or other communication. Salutations can be formal or informal. The most common form of salutation in an English letter includes the recipient's given name or title. For each style of salutation, there is an accompanying style of complimentary close, known as valediction. Examples of non-written salutations include bowing (common in Japan), waving, or addressing someone by their name. A salutation can be interpreted as a signal in which the receiver of the salutation is being acknowledged, respected, or thanked.
Another simple but typical example of a salutation is a military salute. By saluting another rank, that person is signalling or showing their acknowledgement of the importance or significance of that person and their rank. Some greetings are considered vulgar, others "rude", and others "polite".

Letter (message)
A letter is a written message conveyed from one person (or group of people) to another through a medium. Something epistolary means that it is a form of letter writing. The term usually excludes written material intended to be read in its original form by large numbers of people, such as newspapers and placards, although even these may include material in the form of an "open letter". The typical form of a letter for many centuries, and the archetypal concept even today, is a sheet (or several sheets) of paper that is sent to a correspondent through a postal system. A letter can be formal or informal, depending on its audience and purpose. Besides being a means of communication and a store of information, letter writing has played a role in the reproduction of writing as an art throughout history. Letters have been sent since antiquity and are mentioned in the Iliad. Historians Herodotus and Thucydides mention and use letters in their writings.
Vladimir Vysotsky
Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky (25 January 1938 – 25 July 1980) was a Soviet singer-songwriter, poet, and actor who had an immense and enduring effect on Soviet culture. He became widely known for his unique singing style and for his lyrics, which featured social and political commentary in often-humorous street jargon. He was also a prominent stage- and screen-actor. Though the official Soviet cultural establishment largely ignored his work, he was remarkably popular during his lifetime and has exerted significant influence on many of Russia's musicians and actors.

713 Requests Permission to Land
713 Requests Permission to Land (Russian: 713-й просит посадку, romanized: 713 prosit posadku) is a 1962 Soviet disaster film.  It was directed by Grigori Nikulin and filmed at Lenfilm studio.

The premiere took place on April 3, 1962.
Military robot
Military robots are autonomous robots or remote-controlled mobile robots designed for military applications, from transport to search & rescue and attack.

Some such systems are currently in use, and many are under development. The difference between military robots and military drones is unclear as of 2025: some say that lethal autonomous weapons are robots whereas others describe “fully autonomous military drones”.

IRobot
iRobot Corporation is an American technology company that designs and builds consumer robots. It was founded in 1990 by three members of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Lab, who designed robots for space exploration and military defense. The company's products include a range of autonomous home vacuum cleaners (Roomba), floor moppers (Braava), and other autonomous cleaning devices. As of December 2025, it was acquired by Shenzhen Picea Robotics, their primary designer for their new line of robots up until they filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

A planned takeover deal by Amazon.com for US$1.7 billion, announced in August 2022, collapsed in January 2024 amid antitrust scrutiny by the European Commission. The company filed for bankruptcy in December 2025 and intends to be acquired by Chinese manufacturer Picea.
Unzha
The Unzha (Russian: Унжа) is a river in the Vologda and Kostroma oblasts of Russia. It is a tributary of the Volga, which it enters at the Gorky Reservoir. It is 426 kilometres (265 mi) long, and its basin covers 27,800 square kilometres (10,700 sq mi). The Unzha begins at the confluence of the rivers Kema and the Lundonga. It flows into the Unzhensky Cove of the Gorky Reservoir.

The Unzha freezes up between October and December and stays under the ice until April or May. The main tributaries are the Viga, Neya, and the Mezha. The towns of Kologriv, Manturovo and Makaryev are along the Unzha River.

Neya (river)
The Neya (Russian: Не́я) is a river in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is a tributary of the Unzha (in Volga's drainage basin). It is 253 kilometers (157 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 6,060 square kilometers (2,340 sq mi).

The town of Neya is situated by the river Neya.
IA (journal)
IA: The Journal of the Society for Industrial Archeology is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Society for Industrial Archeology, currently edited by Steven Walton (Michigan Technological University). IA publishes scholarly research, essays, and reviews of books published in the field of industrial archeology.

Society for Industrial Archeology
File:Society for Industrial Archeology-logo.jpg
The Society for Industrial Archeology (SIA) is a North American nonprofit organization dedicated to studying and preserving historic industrial sites, structures and equipment. It was founded in 1971 in Washington, D.C., and its members are primarily from the United States and Canada, although there is some crossover with similar industrial archaeology organizations in the United Kingdom. SIA's headquarters is currently located in the Department of Social Sciences at Michigan Technological University in Houghton, Michigan. In addition to the national organization, there are thirteen regional chapters throughout the United States.
Metaklett
Metaklett (from German: Metall, "metal" and Klettband, "Velcro ribbon") is a fastening material made of steel that acts on a similar principle to conventional hook and loop fasteners. It was developed by Reinz-Dichtungs-GmbH, Technische Universität München, Hölzel Stanz- und Feinwerktechnik GmbH & Co. KG and Koenig Verbindungstechnik GmbH. Metaklett is claimed to support shear strength 35 tonnes per square meter at temperatures up to 800 °C. It consists of two complementary strips of 0.2 mm thick perforated steel with catcher and holes. A second variant consists of two strips with protruding brushes and hooks. There is also a hybrid variant with one metal and one synthetic fleece ribbon.

In the context of the development Dr. Christoph Karl Hein compiled his dissertation "Systematic analysis to metallic hook-and-loop bondings".

Velcro
Hook-and-loop fasteners, commonly known as Velcro (a trademarked term that the manufacturer renders in all-capital letters as VELCRO), hook-and-pile fasteners or touch fasteners are versatile fastening devices that allow two surfaces to be repeatedly attached and detached with ease. Invented in the mid-20th century, they are widely used in clothing, accessories, and various industrial and consumer applications. The fastener consists of two complementary components: one with tiny hooks and the other with soft loops. When pressed together, the hooks catch the loops, creating a secure but temporary bond. The fasteners can be separated by peeling or pulling the surfaces apart, often producing a distinctive ripping sound.
Poděbrady family
The Bohemian Poděbrady family (Czech: Páni z Poděbrad) was a noble lineage in Bohemia, originating from the Lords of Kunštát. After Boček of Kunštát (d. 1373) obtained the Lordship of Poděbrady through marriage, he styled himself "Boček of Kunštát and Poděbrady."
The most prominent member of the family was George of Poděbrady, king of Bohemia. His sons were elevated to imperial counts and Counts of Glatz, and established the Silesian branch of the family, the Dukes of Münsterberg (Knížata z Minsterberka).

Karl II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels
Charles II of Münsterberg-Oels (also: Charles II of Poděbrady; Czech: Karel II. z Minsterberka; 15 April 1545 – 28 January 1617) was Duke of Oels from 1565 to 1617 and Duke of Bernstadt from 1604 to 1617. He also held the titles of Duke of Münsterberg and Count of Glatz. From 1608 to 1617 he was Governor of Silesia under the emperors Rudolf and Matthias.
Trail Airport
Trail Airport (IATA: YZZ, TC LID: CAD4) is located 6.1 nautical miles (11.3 km; 7.0 mi) southeast of Trail, British Columbia, Canada and is situated in a valley beside the Columbia River. The airport serves both Trail and nearby Nelson and Castlegar.

The airport consists of one 4,800 ft × 75 ft (1,463 m × 23 m) asphalt runway and provides a GPS approach from the north (runway 16) and the south (runway 34).

Since April 10, 2006, Pacific Coastal has been flying into the airport using their Beechcraft 1900s, and occasionally their bigger Saab 340s.

In December 2017, with funding from the B.C. Air Access Program, the City of Trail built a new 390 m2 (4,200 sq ft) airport terminal building to give the 22,000+ yearly travellers a better travel experience with designated drop-off and pick-up zones, ample short-term and long-term parking, and a spacious waiting area.

Nelson, British Columbia
Nelson is a city in British Columbia, Canada. The city contains heritage buildings constructed during the regional silver rush of 1886. Along with Castlegar and Trail, Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region. The city is the seat of the Regional District of Central Kootenay. It is represented in the provincial legislature by the riding of Nelson-Creston, and in the Parliament of Canada by the riding of Columbia-Kootenay-Southern Rockies.
Society for Art of Imagination
The Society for Art of Imagination (AOI) is an international artists' society whose stated mission is to promote art of vision and craftsmanship. It has branches all over the world, and the American branch is a registered charity. AOI is affiliated with many other visionary art groups, including the Fantastic Art Centre in South Africa.

AOI was founded in 1961 by a group of artists from England who called themselves the Inscape Group, among them Diana Hesketh, Peter Holland, Brigid Marlin, Jack Ray and Steve Snell.  Some of AOI's Honorary Art Members are Ernst Fuchs, H.R. Giger, Robert Venosa, Martina Hoffmann, Alex Grey, Laurie Lipton, De Es, Michel de Saint Ouen, Otto Rapp, Lukas Kandl and Ingo Swann.

AOI holds annual art shows all over the world. AOI also publishes the magazine Inscape. Artists are welcome to join.

Ernst Fuchs (artist)
Ernst Fuchs (13 February 1930 – 9 November 2015) was an Austrian painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, architect, stage designer, composer, poet, and one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism. In 1972, he acquired the derelict Otto Wagner Villa in Hütteldorf, which he restored and transformed. The villa was inaugurated as the Ernst Fuchs Museum in 1988.
St. François Xavier, Manitoba
St. François Xavier is an unincorporated urban centre located in the Rural Municipality of St. François Xavier, Manitoba, Canada. It is located about 15 km west of the city of Winnipeg on the Assiniboine River.

Settled around 1824 as Grantown, it is the second oldest settlement in Manitoba.

Métis buffalo hunting
Métis buffalo hunting began on the North American plains in the late 1700s and continued until 1878. The great buffalo hunts were subsistence, political, economic, and military operations for Métis families and communities living in the region. At the height of the buffalo hunt era, there were two major hunt seasons: summer and autumn. These hunts were highly organized, with an elected council to lead the expedition. This made sure the process was fair and all families were well-fed and provided for throughout the year.
Ogmore Castle
Ogmore Castle (Welsh: Castell Ogwr) is a Grade I listed castle ruin located near the village of Ogmore in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, east of Ogmore-by-Sea, and south of the town of Bridgend. It is situated on the south bank of the Ewenny River and the east bank of the River Ogmore.

Its construction might have begun in 1106. Ogmore was one of three castles built in the area in the early 12th century, the others being Coity Castle and Newcastle Castle. It was in use until the 19th century for a range of purposes, including a court of justice and a prison, but is now a substantial set of remains and a local landmark.

Ogmore Castle is owned by the Duchy of Lancaster and managed by Cadw (Welsh Historic Monuments). Admission is free, with access at all reasonable times.

Newcastle Castle, Bridgend
Newcastle Castle (Welsh: Y Castell Newydd) is a medieval castle located on Newcastle Hill, Newcastle, overlooking the town centre of Bridgend in Glamorgan, South Wales. It was originally believed to date from 1106 when a ringwork was created at the site by the Norman baron Robert Fitzhamon. Some of the fine stonework survives, but today the castle is ruinous.
Stowgate
Stowgate is a hamlet in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 2 miles (3 km) north-east from Deeping St James, and is linked to the Deepings group of villages.

Stowgate contains very few houses, most of which are farmhouses. The settlement grew up around Stowgate Farm – the farmhouse of which still exists – which was divided into a number of smaller farms intended to provide housing and agricultural land for those who contributed to war effort. These farms still exist.

Stowgate is first mentioned in the Domesday Book. Land there belonged to Gilbert de Gand, and there was a minimum population of 21 sokemen and 14 bordars. A church is also mentioned.

An Ordnance Survey map from 1898 provides a visual record of Stowgate during that period.

Stowgate contains a Bernard Matthews turkey farm.

The Deepings
The Deepings (grid reference TF150094) are a series of settlements close to the River Welland near the borders of southern Lincolnshire and north western Cambridgeshire in eastern England.
Peterborough is about 8 miles to the south, Spalding about 10 miles to the north east and Stamford about 8 miles to the west.

The area is very low-lying, and gave The Deepings their name (a Saxon name translatable as either 'deep places' or 'deep lands').  The villages are mentioned in the Domesday Book.  Deeping Fen lies to the North, and the drainage of it was an important part of seventeenth and eighteenth century land reclamation.  It is now the responsibility of the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board.
John T. Wilder House
John Thomas Wilder built several houses for his family and wife, Martha Jane Stewart, which are still in existence, and at least two have historic markers.

The John T. Wilder House in Roan Mountain, Tennessee, United States, was one of the homes of John T. Wilder, the Union Army general and industrialist who built the Cloudland Hotel on Roan Mountain. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It is one of two homes on Main Street in Roan Mountain that Wilder built.

The General John T. Wilder House in Knoxville is another of Wilder's homes that is listed on the National Register.

Another house is located in Greensburg, Indiana. See https://www.in.gov/history/markers/414.htm.

Roan Mountain, Tennessee
Roan Mountain is a census-designated place (CDP) in Carter County, Tennessee, United States.  The population was 1,360 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the Tri-Cities region.
Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks football
The Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks football (also known as ULM Warhawks, formerly competing as the Northeast Louisiana Indians) program is a college football team that represents the University of Louisiana at Monroe (ULM).

With a history dating back to 1931, ULM competes in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), as a member of the Sun Belt Conference, and play their home games on campus at Malone Stadium in Monroe, Louisiana. Formerly known as the Indians, the Warhawks nickname was adopted in 2006.

They moved up to Division I-A (now FBS) in 1994. The Warhawks played in their first and only FBS bowl game in 2012, in the Independence Bowl in Shreveport, losing 45–14 to the Ohio Bobcats. Their thirteen-year drought is currently the longest among all NCAA Division I FBS teams.

Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football
The Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns football (formerly competed as Southwestern Louisiana or USL, later and still often referred to as Louisiana-Lafayette or ULL) program is a college football team that represents the University of Louisiana at Lafayette at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level as a member of the Sun Belt Conference. Since 1971, the team has played its home games at Cajun Field in Lafayette, Louisiana. Michael Desormeaux has served as Louisiana's head coach since 2021.

The RCAF (Ragin Cajun Athletic Foundation) is the supporter association that assists with funding for all Ragin Cajun sports.
Plesiobalaenoptera
Plesiobalaenoptera is a genus of extinct rorqual which existed in Italy during the late Miocene epoch. The type species is P. quarantellii. It is the oldest known rorqual from the Mediterranean basin. Fossils have been found from sediments of the Stirone River in Northern Italy (44°48′N 10°00′E﻿ / ﻿44.8°N 10.0°E﻿ / 44.8; 10.0, paleocoordinates 43°54′N 10°30′E﻿ / ﻿43.9°N 10.5°E﻿ / 43.9; 10.5) that were deposited during the Tortonian age, around 11 to 7 million years ago.

Rorqual
Rorquals (/ˈrɔːrkwəlz/) are the largest group of baleen whales, comprising the family Balaenopteridae, which contains nine extant species in two genera. They include the largest animal ever known to have lived, the blue whale, which can reach 180 tonnes (200 short tons), and the fin whale, which reaches 120 tonnes (130 short tons); even the smallest of the group, the northern minke whale, reaches 9 tonnes (10 short tons).

Rorquals take their name from French rorqual, which derives from the Norwegian word røyrkval: the first element røyr originated from the Old Norse name for this type of whale, reyðr, probably related to the Norse word for "red", and the second from the Norse word hvalr meaning "whale" in general. The family name Balaenopteridae is from the type genus, Balaenoptera.
Matt Danzeisen
Charles Matthew Danzeisen is an American financier and investor. He was vice president of BlackRock before becoming portfolio manager at Thiel Capital in 2008. He is active in Asia and Asia-Pacific. Danzeisen is co-founder of Crescendo Equity Partners. In 2017, he married Peter Thiel.

Thiel Capital
Thiel Capital is an American company described as a family office, venture capital firm or an investment firm, founded by Peter Thiel. In a 2023 article, Barron's described Thiel Capital as the venture capital arm of Thiel's family trust office Rivendell Trust. It was formed in 2011 and is based in Los Angeles. 
Thiel Capital provides "strategic and operational support" for many of Peter Thiel's initiatives and ventures. Thiel Capital has incubated several major investment firms—Founders Fund, Mithril, and Valar Ventures—as well as other business and philanthropic initiatives like the Thiel Fellowship and Breakout Labs.
University of Bengkulu
University of Bengkulu (Indonesian: Universitas Bengkulu) is a public university in Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia. It was established on 24 April 1982. Its current rector is Dr. Retno Agustina Ekaputri, S.E., M.Sc.

Bengkulu (city)
Bengkulu, formerly Bencoolen (Dutch: Benkoelen) is the capital of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu. The city is the second largest city on the west coast of Sumatra Island after Padang. Previously this area was under the influence of the kingdom of Inderapura and the Sultanate of Banten. The city also became the place of exile of Sukarno from 1939 to 1942. It covers an area of 151.70 km2 and had a population of 308,544 at the 2010 Census and 373,591 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 397,321 (comprising 200,601 males and 196,720 females). The city is the only city in Bengkulu Province.
Secret Hitler
Secret Hitler is a hidden identity social deduction party game developed by Goat, Wolf, & Cabbage LLC, manufactured by Breaking Games and distributed by Blackbox. The board game was designed by Max Temkin, Mike Boxleiter and Tommy Maranges, with artwork created by Mackenzie Schubert, and first released on August 25, 2016. In Secret Hitler, players assume the roles of liberals and fascists in the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic, with one player becoming Hitler. To win the game, both parties are set to competitively enact liberal and fascist policies respectively, or complete a secondary objective directly tied to the Hitler role.

Social deduction game
A social deduction game is a game in which players attempt to uncover each other's hidden role or team allegiance. Commonly, these games are played with teams, with one team being considered "good" and another being "bad", though some games have multiple teams or unique hidden roles for every player. During gameplay, players can use logic and deductive reasoning to try to deduce one another's roles, while other players can bluff to keep players from suspecting them.

Early social deduction games, such as Hoax (1981) and Mafia (1986), were board or card games, and social deduction video games such as Space Station 13 (2003), Town of Salem (2014), and Among Us (2018) began to be created in the 2000s. Both card game and video game social deduction games rose in prominence in the late 2010s.
Huangdi Yinfujing
The Huangdi Yinfujing (Chinese: 黃帝陰符經; pinyin: Huángdì Yīnfújīng; Wade–Giles: Huang-ti Yin-fu Ching; lit. 'Yellow Emperor's Hidden Talisman Classic'), or Yinfujing, is a circa 8th century CE Daoist scripture associated with Chinese astrology and Neidan-style Internal alchemy. In addition, Huangdi Yinfujing is also the name of a Chinese Fengshui text on military strategy.

James Legge
James Legge (/lɛɡ/; 20 December 1815 – 29 November 1897) was a Scottish linguist, missionary, sinologist, and translator
who was best known as an early translator of Classical Chinese texts into English.  Legge served as a representative of the London Missionary Society in Malacca and Hong Kong (1840–1873) and was the first Professor of Chinese at Oxford University (1876–1897). In association with Max Müller he prepared the monumental Sacred Books of the East series, published in 50 volumes between 1879 and 1891.
Stilts
Stilts are poles, posts or pillars that allow a person or structure to stand at a height above the ground.

Stilts for walking have platforms for the feet and may be strapped to the user's legs. Stilts have been used for many hundreds of years.

Landes forest
The Landes forest (pronounced [lɑ̃d]; La forêt des Landes  in French) in the Landes de Gascogne (las Lanas de Gasconha in the Gascon language), in the historic Gascony natural region of southwestern France now known as Aquitaine, is the largest man-made woodland in Western Europe. The French word, landes and Gascon lanas, mean 'moors' or 'heaths', from Transalpine Gaulish *landa ("uninhabited/uncultivated area"); compare Irish lann, Welsh llan (“enclosure”).