hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Combinatory logic
Combinatory logic is a notation to eliminate the need for quantified variables in mathematical logic. It was introduced by Moses Schönfinkel and Haskell Curry, and has more recently been used in computer science as a theoretical model of computation and also as a basis for the design of functional programming languages. It is based on combinators, which were introduced by Schönfinkel in 1920 with the idea of providing an analogous way to build up functions—and to remove any mention of variables—particularly in predicate logic.  A combinator is a higher-order function that uses only function application and earlier defined combinators to define a result from its arguments.

Higher-order function
In mathematics and computer science, a higher-order function (HOF) is a function that does at least one of the following:

takes one or more functions as arguments (i.e. a procedural parameter, which is a parameter of a procedure that is itself a procedure),

returns a function as its result.

All other functions are first-order functions. In mathematics higher-order functions are also termed operators or functionals. The differential operator in calculus is a common example, since it maps a function to its derivative, also a function. Higher-order functions should not be confused with other uses of the word "functor" throughout mathematics, see Functor (disambiguation).

In the untyped lambda calculus, all functions are higher-order; in a typed lambda calculus, from which most functional programming languages are derived, higher-order functions that take one function as argument are values with types of the form .
Yoko, Benin
Yoko is an arrondissement in the Plateau department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Sakété. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 10,543.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
1989 Navajo Nation Council reforms
The 1989 Navajo Nation Council Reforms, also known as the Title II Amendments were a series of Constitutional changes to the government structure of the Navajo Nation. Following 1985 reforms to the Judicial Branch, the reforms were meant to separate the powers of the Tribal Council (the legislative branch) the President (the executive branch) and the Supreme Court (the judicial branch) with a checks and balances system similar to that of the U.S. Constitution.  The resolutions were adopted by the Council on December 15, 1989 and became law on April 11, 1990.

Navajo Nation Council
The Navajo Nation Council (Navajo: Béésh bąąh dah siʼání) is the Legislative Branch of the Navajo Nation government. The council meets four times per year, with additional special sessions, at the Navajo Nation Council Chamber, which is in Window Rock, Arizona.

The council is composed of 24 district delegates, or councilors, chosen by direct election, who represent 110 municipal chapters within the states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Delegates must be members of the Navajo Nation and be at least twenty-five years of age. Delegate offices are at the Navajo Nation governmental campus in Window Rock.

The council selects a speaker, chosen from among all delegates, to preside over the day-to-day functions of the council for a two-year term.
Keighley and District Local History Society
The Keighley and District Local History Society (KDLHS) is an English local history society covering the town of Keighley, West Yorkshire, and its surrounding area. It was founded in 2004, following the centenary of Keighley Library.

The society is active in the preservation of local and family history resources, and is currently in the process of digitalising their archive to make the resources more easily available to fellow researchers in both the local community and world-wide.

Regular meetings are held every second Wednesday of the month, in the Local Studies Library in Keighley Library. The meetings allow members to listen to expert speakers in their specialist area of local history, and to be updated on Society business.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Pearblossom, California
Pearblossom locally /ˈpɛərblɒsəm/ is an unincorporated community located in the Antelope Valley of the Mojave Desert, in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States.

The town has a  population of 2,435. The ZIP Code is 93553 and the community is inside area code 661. According to the Greater Antelope Valley Economic Alliance report of 2009, the Palmdale / Lancaster urbanized area has a population of 483,998, of which Pearblossom is a part.

Palmdale, California
Palmdale is a city in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city lies in the Antelope Valley of Southern California. The San Gabriel Mountains separate Palmdale from the Los Angeles Basin to the south.

On August 24, 1962, Palmdale became the first city in Antelope Valley. Forty-seven years later, in November 2009, voters approved making it a charter city. Palmdale's population was 169,450 at the 2020 census, up from 152,750 at the 2010 census. Palmdale is the 33rd most populous city in California. Together with its immediate northern neighbor, the city of Lancaster, the Palmdale–Lancaster urban area had a population of 359,559 in 2020.
Chavimochic
Chavimochic Special Project is an irrigation system that extends throughout much of the coast of the La Libertad Region, on the north coast of Peru. It was started in the 1960s by the National Development Institute (INADE), a Peruvian central government agency. In 2003, its administration was transferred to Regional Government of La Libertad.

Chicama Valley
Chicama Valley is an area located at north of the Valley of Moche in La Libertad Region, northern Peru, it has agricultural resources where one of the main products is cane of sugar; this valley has been formed on both sides of the Chicama River.
Keishi Ōtomo
Keishi Ōtomo (Japanese: 大友啓史, Hepburn: Ōtomo Keishi; born May 6, 1966) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter. He is known for psychological thrillers and historical dramas, as well as adapting a variety of manga and novels to film, including The Vulture  (2009), Ryōmaden (2010), and the Rurouni Kenshin film series. Ōtomo’s awards include the Audience Award at the 18th Fantasia International Film Festival in Montreal (2014), the Popularity Award at the 38th Japanese Academy Awards (2014), and Best Director at the 31st Japanese Critics Award (2022).

Rurouni Kenshin: The Beginning
Rurouni Kenshin: The Beginning (Japanese: るろうに剣心 最終章 The Beginning, Hepburn: Rurouni Kenshin Saishūshō Za Biginingu) is a 2021 Japanese jidaigeki action film based on the manga series Rurouni Kenshin by Nobuhiro Watsuki. Written and directed by Keishi Ōtomo, it is the fifth and final installment of the Rurouni Kenshin film series and serves as a prequel, depicting Himura Kenshin's origins as the assassin "Hitokiri Battōsai", while exploring his relationship with the woman named Yukishiro Tomoe.

Rurouni Kenshin: The Beginning was released on June 4, 2021, by Warner Bros. Pictures Japan. The film was produced simultaneously with Rurouni Kenshin: The Final, which was released two months prior, and features elements that tie into each other.
Jafarabad District
Jafarabad District is a district that lies in the southeastern part of Pakistan's province of Balochistan. Dera Allah Yar, also known as Jhatpat among locals, serves as the district headquarters.  Jafarabad District is sub-divided into two tehsils. According to 2023 Pakistani census Jafarabad district has a population of  594,558.

Nasirabad District
Nasirabad or Naseerabad (Urdu: ضلع نصیر آباد) is a district of Nasirabad Division in Balochistan, Pakistan. The District was notified in 1974 by separating from Kalat District. For three years, it was called Tamboo District from July 1987 to December 1990, This district is named after Naseer Ahmad who served there Deputy Commissioner in mid 80's and later became Commissioner of the Naseerabad Division in eraly 90's.The district's headquarters are located at Dera Murad Jamali. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Nasirabad District is 565,315.
Gainesville Historic District
The Gainesville Historic District is a historic district that encompasses a historic section of Gainesville, Alabama, United States.  The district was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on March 25, 1976 and the National Register of Historic Places on October 3, 1985. The district covered 76 acres (31 ha) and contained 24 historically significant contributing properties when first listed.

Gainesville, Alabama
Gainesville is a town in Sumter County, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1832, it was incorporated in 1835. As of the 2020 census, Gainesville had a population of 172. Confederate Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest surrendered his men near Gainesville on May 19, 1865, at the Civil War's end.
Blackwell Rural District
Blackwell was a rural district in Derbyshire, England from 1894 to 1974.  It was created under the Local Government Act 1894 based on that part of the Mansfield rural sanitary district which was in Derbyshire (the Nottinghamshire part forming Skegby Rural District).

It was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, becoming part of the new district of Bolsover.

The parishes within the district included:

Ault Hucknall

Blackwell

Glapwell

Pinxton

Pleasley

Scarcliffe

Shirebrook

South Normanton

Tibshelf

Scarcliffe
Scarcliffe is a village and civil parish in the Bolsover district of Derbyshire, England. It is sometimes called Scarcliffe with Palterton. The population of the parish (including the hamlets of Palterton, Rylah, Stockley, and parts of Stony Houghton and Hillstown (Bolsover)) at the 2001 UK Census was 5,211, increasing to 5,288 at the 2011 Census.
Bolton, Massachusetts
Bolton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Bolton is in central Massachusetts, located 25 miles west-northwest of downtown Boston along Interstate 495. It is within Greater Boston and MetroWest regions. The population was 5,665 at the 2020 census.

Settled in the 1600s and incorporated in 1738, the town is still home to many farms and apple orchards, along with the well-known Nashoba Valley Winery and The International Golf Club, which has hosted several major tournaments. The Bolton Flats Wildlife Management Area is largely located in the town near the Nashua River and Still River as well as many other parks and conservation areas.

Lancaster, Massachusetts
Lancaster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1653, Lancaster is the oldest town in Worcester County. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 8,441. It contains the village of South Lancaster.
Odorant-binding protein 2A
Odorant-binding protein 2a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OBP2A gene.

This gene encodes a small extracellular protein belonging to the lipocalin superfamily. The protein is thought to transport small, hydrophobic, volatile molecules or odorants through the nasal mucus to olfactory receptors, and may also function as a scavenger of highly concentrated or toxic odors. The protein is expressed as a monomer in the nasal mucus, and can bind diverse types of odorants with a higher affinity for aldehydes and fatty acids. This gene and a highly similar family member are located in a cluster of lipocalin genes on chromosome 9. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined.

Lipocalin
The lipocalins are a family of proteins which transport small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids, bilins, retinoids, and lipids, and most lipocalins are also able to bind to complexed iron (via siderophores or flavonoids) as well as heme. They  share limited regions of sequence homology and a common tertiary structure architecture. This is an eight stranded antiparallel beta barrel with a repeated + 1 topology enclosing an internal ligand binding site.

These proteins are found in gram negative bacteria, vertebrate cells, and invertebrate cells, and in plants. Lipocalins have been associated with many biological processes, among them immune response, pheromone transport, biological prostaglandin synthesis, retinoid binding, and cancer cell interactions.
Florida District Courts of Appeal
The District Courts of Appeal (DCAs) are the intermediate appellate courts of the Florida state court system. There are currently six DCAs:

The First District Court of Appeal is headquartered in Tallahassee

The Second District Court of Appeal is temporarily headquartered in Tampa until the Pinellas Courthouse is completed in St. Petersburg.

The Third District Court of Appeal is headquartered in Miami

The Fourth District Court of Appeal is headquartered in West Palm Beach

The Fifth District Court of Appeal is headquartered in Daytona Beach

The Sixth District Court of Appeal is headquartered in Lakeland

Florida Second District Court of Appeal
The Florida Second District Court of Appeal is headquartered in Tampa, Florida on the campus of Stetson University College of Law. It will move to St. Petersburg when the new Pinellas courthouse is complete.

There are nine counties in the Second District, which includes a population of over 5.0 million people.  The Second District covers Pasco and Pinellas (6th judicial circuit); Hardee, Highlands, and Polk (10th judicial circuit); DeSoto, Manatee, and Sarasota (12th judicial circuit); and Hillsborough (13th judicial circuit). The counties of Charlotte, Glades, Collier, Hendry, and Lee (20th judicial circuit) became part of the new Florida Sixth District Court of Appeal in January, 2023.
Chehel Chay Rural District
Chehel Chay Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل چائ) is in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qalami. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Alqajar, now a city.

Qalami
Qalami (Persian: قلمي) is a village in, and the capital of, Chehel Chay Rural District in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Alqajar, now a city.
International migration
International migration occurs when people cross state boundaries and reside outside their country of nationality or birth. This encompasses individuals moving both permanently and temporarily, regardless of their legal status. Migration occurs for many reasons. Many people leave their home countries in order to look for economic opportunities in another country. Others migrate to be with family members who have migrated previously or because of political conditions in their countries. Education is another reason for international migration, as students pursue their studies abroad, although this migration is sometimes temporary, with a return to the home country after the studies are completed.

International migration is generally contrasted with internal migration.

Internal migration
Internal migration or domestic migration is human migration within a country. Internal migration tends to be travel for education and for economic improvement or because of a natural  disaster or civil disturbance, though a study based on the full formal economy of the United States found that the median post-move rise in income was only 1%.

A general trend of rural-to-urban migration, in a process described as urbanisation, has also produced a form of internal migration.

Internal migration is often contrasted with cross-border or international migration.
Patrick Lau
Patrick Lau Sau-shing SBS is a Hong Kong architect, legislative councillor, educator and civil servant. He had been a representative on the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) as a member for the Architectural, Surveying and Planning Functional Constituency, as well as a member of the Professional Forum party, between 2004 and 2012.

Between 1996 and 2000, he was head of the Department of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong.

Silver Bauhinia Star
The Silver Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 銀紫荊星章, SBS) is the second rank of the Order of the Bauhinia Star under the honours system of Hong Kong, awarded to people who have taken a leading part in public affairs or voluntary work over a long period. The award was created in 1997 to replace the British honours system (such as Order of the British Empire) after the transfer of sovereignty to People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
1977 Davis Cup
The 1977 Davis Cup was the 66th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 59 teams would enter the competition, 33 in the Europe Zone, 14 in the Americas Zone, and 12 in the Eastern Zone. Algeria made its first appearance in the tournament.

Argentina defeated the United States in the Americas Zone final, Australia defeated New Zealand in the Eastern Zone final, and France and Italy were the winners of the two Europe Zones, defeating Romania and Spain respectively.

In the Inter-Zonal Zone, Australia defeated Argentina and Italy defeated France in the semifinals. Australia then defeated the defending champions Italy in the final to win their 24th title overall and their first since 1973. The final was held at the White City Stadium in Sydney, Australia on 2–4 December.

White City Stadium (Sydney)
White City Stadium at the White City Tennis Club was a tennis venue in Rushcutters Bay, Sydney, Australia. The stadium was built in 1922 on the former site of Sydney's White City amusement park as a new venue for the New South Wales Championships (now an international tournament known as the Sydney International). The venue served as host of the tournament until the Sydney Olympic Park Tennis Centre opened for the 2000 Summer Olympics. The club was formed in 1947, and today has 8 synthetic grass courts. The White City tennis complex has fallen into disrepair with the old stadiums and the grass courts which hosted famous matches no longer usable. The Australian Tennis Museum was located at White City from its founding in 1983 until 2005 when it moved out to Sydney Olympic Park Tennis Centre.
Greenock
Greenock (/ˈɡriːnək/ ⓘ; Scots: Greenock; Scottish Gaelic: Grianaig, pronounced [ˈkɾʲiənɛkʲ]) is a town in Inverclyde, Scotland, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. The town is the administrative centre of Inverclyde Council. It is a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, and forms part of a contiguous urban area with Gourock to the west and Port Glasgow to the east.

The 2022 Census for Scotland showed that Greenock had a population of 42,870, a decrease from the 44,248 recorded in the 2011 UK Census. It lies on the south bank of the Clyde at the "Tail of the Bank" where the River Clyde deepens into the Firth of Clyde.

Greenock Central railway station
Greenock Central station is one of eight railway stations serving the town of Greenock in western Scotland, and is the nearest to the town centre. This station, which is staffed, is on the Inverclyde Line, 37 km (23 mi) west of Glasgow Central towards Gourock. It has three platforms, two of which are in use, with one disused bay platform. This disused platform is still connected to the main line.

It was originally the terminus before the railway was extended to Gourock and at that time was known as Greenock Cathcart station, as the access road to the station leads off the town's Cathcart Street.
Martin Williams (priest)
Christianity portal

Martin Inffeld Williams (b 1937)  was the Archdeacon of Margam from 1992   to 2001; and then of Morgannwg until 2004.

Williams was educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge and ordained in 1965. After a curacy in Greenford he was Tutor and Vice Principal at Chichester Theological College then Vicar of Roath, Saint German, Cardiff until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Archdeacon of Margam
The Archdeacon of Margam is a senior cleric of the Diocese of Llandaff. The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy in the deaneries of Neath Port Talbot, Bridgend, Ystradyfodwg, and the Vale of Glamorgan.

The post was created in 1948.
Solothurn West railway station
Solothurn West railway station (German: Bahnhof Solothurn West) is a railway station in the municipality of Solothurn, in the Swiss canton of Solothurn. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Jura Foot and Solothurn–Moutier lines and is served by local trains only.

The station was the first station in Solothurn. When the current Solothurn railway station was built, it was named Alt-Solothurn (as opposed to the new Neu-Solothurn). Later it became Solothurn West. It is located on Westbahnhofstrasse.

Solothurn
Solothurn (/ˈsoʊlətʊərn, ˈzoʊ-/ SOH-lə-toorn, ZOH-; Swiss Standard German: [ˈzoːlotʊrn] ⓘ; French: Soleure [sɔlœʁ]; Italian: Soletta [soˈletta]; Romansh: Soloturnⓘ) is a city, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It is located in the north-west of Switzerland on the banks of the Aare and on the foot of the Weissenstein Jura mountains.

The city is the only municipality of the district of the same name.

The city got its name from Salodurum, a Roman-era settlement. From 1530 to 1792 it was the seat of the French ambassador to Switzerland. The pedestrian-only old town was built between 1530 and 1792 and shows an impressive array of Baroque architecture, combining Italian Grandezza, French style, and Swiss ideas. The city has eighteen structures listed as heritage sites.

The official language of Solothurn is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.