hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Sutcliffe
Paul Michael Sutcliffe is British mathematical physicist and mathematician, currently Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Durham. He specialises in the study of topological solitons.

He serves as the Project Director of the SPOCK (Scientific Properties of Complex Knots) research programme dedicated to the study of knotted structures.   Related subjects of research include skyrmions.

Sutcliffe was awarded the LMS Whitehead Prize in 2006 for contributions to the study of topological solitons and their dynamics.

Nicholas Manton
Nicholas Stephen Manton FRS (born 2 October 1952 in the City of Westminster) is a British mathematical physicist. He is a Professor of Mathematical Physics at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of the University of Cambridge and a fellow of St John's College.
Villars-Burquin
Villars-Burquin is a former municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Tévenon.

Fontanezier
Fontanezier is a former municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Fontanezier, Romairon, Vaugondry and Villars-Burquin merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Tévenon.
Lisvane
Lisvane (Welsh: Llys-faen) is a community in the north of Cardiff, the capital of Wales, located 5 miles (8 km) north of the city centre.  Lisvane is generally considered to be one of the wealthiest residential areas of Wales, with many properties worth in excess of £1 million. Lisvane had 3,319 residents in 2001  and has about 1,700 dwellings, a local village shop, primary school, community cabin library, park, nursery, parish church, public house, war memorial, Scout hall and community or village hall.

Lisvane and Thornhill railway station
Lisvane and Thornhill railway station (Welsh: Llys-faen a Draenen Pen-y-Graig) is a railway station serving the Lisvane and Thornhill areas of north Cardiff, Wales. It is a stop on the Rhymney Line of the Valley Lines network.

This station  replaced Cefn Onn Halt railway station, which was closed in 1986.
Castelão (Ceará)
Estádio Governador Plácido Castelo, also known as the Castelão (Portuguese pronunciation: [kasteˈlɐ̃w], Portuguese for "Big Castle") or Gigante da Boa Vista, is a football stadium that was inaugurated on November 11, 1973, in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. With a maximum capacity of 57,867 spectators it is the sixth largest stadium in the country. The stadium is owned by the Ceará state Government, and is the home ground of Ceará Sporting Club and Fortaleza Esporte Clube. Its formal name honors Plácido Aderaldo Castelo (1906–1979), who served as the governor of Ceará from September 12, 1966, to March 15, 1971, and was a leader in getting the stadium built.

Ceará Sporting Club
Ceará Sporting Club (Brazilian Portuguese: [seaˈɾa (i)sˈpɔʁtʃĩ ˈklubi]), or simply Ceará, is a Brazilian professional football club from the city of Fortaleza, capital city of the Brazilian state of Ceará.

Founded on June 2, 1914, Ceará is one of the most traditionally successful clubs in the Northeast region of Brazil alongside Bahia, Santa Cruz, Sport, Náutico, Vitória and their city rivals Fortaleza.

Ceará is the most popular team in the state, proven in several research and communication vehicles.  It also has an advantage in direct confrontations, with 203 wins, 211 draws and just 184 defeats over its rival.  It is the pioneering and most traditional team in its state and one of the largest in its region.
Laudato si'
Laudato si' (Praise Be to You) is the second encyclical of Pope Francis, subtitled "on care for our common home". In it, the Pope criticizes consumerism and irresponsible economic development, laments environmental degradation and global warming, and calls all people of the world to take "swift and unified global action". The encyclical, dated 24 May 2015, was officially published at noon on 18 June 2015, accompanied by a news conference. The Vatican released the document in Italian, German, English, Spanish, French, Polish, Portuguese, and Arabic, alongside the original Latin.

The encyclical is the second published by Pope Francis, after Lumen fidei (The Light of Faith), which was released in 2013. Since Lumen fidei was largely the work of Francis's predecessor Benedict XVI, Laudato si' is generally viewed as the first encyclical that is entirely the work of Francis.

Canticle of the Sun
The Canticle of the Sun, also known as Canticle of the Creatures and Laudes Creaturarum (Praise of the Creatures), is a religious song composed by Saint Francis of Assisi. It was written in an Umbrian dialect of Italian but has since been translated into many languages. It is believed to be the first work of literature written in the Italian language with a known author. It was composed in San Damiano, Assisi and in the Vescovado (for the last two stanzas).
Lepiota babruzalka
Lepiota babruzalka is an agaric mushroom of the genus Lepiota in the order Agaricales. Described as new to science in 2009, it is found in Kerala State, India, where it grows on the ground in litterfall around bamboo stems. Fruit bodies have caps that measure up to 1.3 cm (0.5 in) in diameter, and are covered with reddish-brown scales. The cap is supported by a long and slender stem up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in) long and 1.5 millimetres (0.1 in) thick. One of the distinguishing microscopic features of the species is the variably shaped cystidia found on the edges of the gills.

Lepiota
Lepiota is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All Lepiota species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of Lepiota are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so.
The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show
The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show, sometimes called The Burns and Allen Show, is a half-hour television sitcom broadcast from 1950 to 1958 on CBS. It starred George Burns and Gracie Allen, one of the most enduring acts in entertainment history. Burns and Allen were headliners in vaudeville in the 1920s, and radio stars in the 1930s and 1940s. Their situation comedy TV series received Emmy Award nominations throughout its eight-year run.

Gracie Allen
Grace Ethel Cecile Rosalie Allen (July 26, 1895 – August 27, 1964) was an American vaudevillian, singer, actress, and comedian who became internationally famous as the zany partner and comic foil of husband George Burns, her straight man, appearing with him on radio, television and film as the duo Burns and Allen.

For her contributions to the television industry, Allen was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6672 Hollywood Boulevard. She and Burns were inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1988.

Costar Bea Benaderet said of Allen in 1966, "She was probably one of the greatest actresses of our time."
Castelveccana
Castelveccana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Varese.

Castelveccana borders the following municipalities: Brenta, Casalzuigno, Cittiglio, Ghiffa, Laveno-Mombello, Oggebbio, Porto Valtravaglia.

Laveno-Mombello
Laveno-Mombello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 75 kilometres (47 mi) northwest of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 8,991 and an area of 25.9 square kilometres (10.0 sq mi). It sits at the foot of Sasso del Ferro.
International String Figure Association
The International String Figure Association is not-for-profit organization for the preservation, dissemination, and creation of string figures. The association was founded in Japan in 1978 by mathematician Hiroshi Noguchi and Anglican missionary Philip Noble, and is now run by Mark Sherman out of California. Members have included Honor Maude. ISFA publishes the Bulletin of the International String Figure Association (ISSN 1076-7886) annually, ISFA News semi-annually, and String Figure Magazine quarterly (ISSN 1087-1527).

String figure
A string figure  is a design formed by manipulating string on, around, and using one's fingers or sometimes between the fingers of multiple people. String figures may also involve the use of the mouth, wrist, and feet. They may consist of singular images or be created and altered as a game, known as a string game, or as part of a story involving various figures made in sequence (string story). String figures have also been used for divination, such as to predict the sex of an unborn child.

A popular string game is cat's cradle, but many string figures are known in many places under different names, and string figures are well distributed throughout the world.
Sturgis, Oklahoma
Sturgis is an unincorporated community in northeastern Cimarron County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located on a railroad just north of U.S. Route 56.  It is approximately 14 miles southwest of Elkhart, Kansas, and less than 28 miles northeast of the Cimarron County seat, Boise City.

Sturgis was connected to both Elkhart and Boise City by the Elkhart and Santa Fe Railway (both leased to and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway), which came through in 1925.  The line is now part of the Cimarron Valley Railroad.

The Tri-State Point where Oklahoma, Kansas and Colorado come together, known as Eight Mile Corner, is about nine miles north of Sturgis.

Cimarron County, Oklahoma
Cimarron County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Its county seat is Boise City.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,296, making it the least-populous county in Oklahoma. Throughout most of its history, it has had both the smallest population and the lowest population density of any county in Oklahoma.  Located in the Oklahoma Panhandle, Cimarron County contains the only community in the state (Kenton) that observes the Mountain Time Zone. Black Mesa, the highest point in the state, is in the northwest corner of the county.   The Cimarron County community of Regnier has the distinction of being the driest spot in Oklahoma ranked by lowest annual average precipitation, at just 15.62 inches; at the same time, Boise City is the snowiest location in Oklahoma ranked by highest annual average snowfall, at 31.6 inches.
Croesor Tramway
52°58′55″N 4°2′25″W﻿ / ﻿52.98194°N 4.04028°W﻿ / 52.98194; -4.04028

The Croesor Tramway was a Welsh, 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge railway line built to carry slate from the Croesor slate mines to Porthmadog. It was built in 1864 without an act of Parliament and was operated using horse power.

The tramway was absorbed into the Croesor and Port Madoc Railway in 1865 and later became the Portmadoc, Croesor and Beddgelert Tram Railway in 1879. Part of its route, from Croesor Junction to Porthmadog, was taken over by the Welsh Highland Railway in 1922, and upgraded to allow the operation of steam locomotives. The remainder of the line continued as a horse-drawn tramway, and operated as such until the mid-1940s.

Ffestiniog Railway
The Ffestiniog Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Ffestiniog) is a heritage railway based on 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow-gauge, in Gwynedd, Wales. It is a major tourist attraction located mainly within the Snowdonia National Park.

The railway is about 13+1⁄2 miles (21.7 km) long and runs from the harbour at Porthmadog to the slate mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, travelling through forested and mountainous terrain. The line is single track throughout with four intermediate passing places. The first mile of the line out of Porthmadog runs atop an embankment called the Cob, which is the dyke of the polder known as Traeth Mawr.

The Festiniog Railway Company, which owns the railway, is the oldest surviving railway company in the world. It also owns the Welsh Highland Railway, which was re-opened fully in 2011. The two railways share the same track gauge and meet at Porthmadog station, with occasional trains working the entire 40-mile (64 km) route from Blaenau Ffestiniog to Caernarfon.
Humanoid robot
A humanoid robot is a robot resembling the human body in shape. The design may be aimed at functional purposes, such as interacting with human tools and environments and working alongside humans, for experimental purposes, such as the study of bipedal locomotion, or for other purposes. In general, humanoid robots are characterized by their anthropomorphic design, which includes a torso, a head, two arms, and two legs. However, some humanoid robots may have a more limited range of body replicas, comprising only a subset of the above-mentioned components. Androids are humanoid robots designed to more closely resemble the human physique. The term "Gynoid" is sometimes used to refer to female-looking robots.

Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.
Gaius Asinius Gallus
Gaius Asinius Gallus (before 38 BC – AD 33) was a Roman senator, son of Gaius Asinius Pollio and Quinctia. He was the second husband of Vipsania and was ultimately imprisoned by her first husband, Tiberius.

Gaius Asinius Pollio
Gaius Asinius Pollio (75 BC – AD 4) was a Roman soldier, politician, orator, poet, playwright, literary critic, and historian, whose lost contemporaneous history provided much of the material used by the historians Appian and Plutarch. Pollio was most famously a patron of Virgil and a friend of Horace; poems to him were dedicated by both men.
High Ercall Hall
High Ercall Hall or Ercall Hall is the remaining part of a larger complex in the village of High Ercall, Shropshire, 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Shrewsbury.

The present structure is a Grade II* L-shaped, three-storey building of 16th-century origin, constructed of sandstone and brick. It has 5 bays with 3 alternate projecting gables. Adjacent to the house is a row of arches, the only remainder of a larger 17th-century house building that was badly damaged during the English Civil War.

High Ercall
High Ercall (/ɑːrkəl/ AR-kəl), also known in the past as Ercall Magna (/ɑːrkəl mæɡnə/), is a village in the borough of Telford and Wrekin and ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. The civil parish is still called Ercall Magna, and had a total population of 1,679 at the 2001 census, reducing to 1,639 at the 2011 census. The parish includes the villages of Rowton, Ellerdine and Cold Hatton, and a number of hamlets including Cotwall, Osbaston, Poynton and Roden.

The village lies on the junction of the B5062 and B5063 roads.
Alakurtti (rural locality)
Alakurtti (Russian: Алакуртти) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located north of the Arctic Circle at an altitude of 192 meters (630 ft) above sea level. Its population at the 2010 Census was 3,424. Before 1953 it was part of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, and was part of Finland up until 1940.

Kandalakshsky District
Kandalakshsky District (Russian: Кандала́кшский райо́н) is an administrative district (a raion), one of the six in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Kandalakshsky Municipal District. It is located in the southwest of the oblast, and borders with Kovdorsky District to the north, Loukhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, and with Finland to the west. The area of the district is 14,400 square kilometers (5,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kandalaksha. Population:  49,544 (2010 Census); 60,140 (2002 Census); 78,239 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kandalaksha accounts for 72.0% of the district's total population.
Geographia Generalis
Geographia Generalis is a seminal work in the field of geography authored by Bernhardus Varenius, first published in 1650. This influential text laid the foundations for modern geographical science and was pivotal in the development of geography as a scientific discipline. Geographer Fred Lukermann described Geographia Generalis as the division between medieval geography and modern geography.

History of geography
The history of geography includes many histories of geography which have differed over time and between different cultural and political groups. In more recent developments, geography has become a distinct academic discipline. 'Geography' derives from the Greek γεωγραφία – geographia, literally "Earth-writing", that is, description or writing about the Earth. The first person to use the word geography was Eratosthenes (276–194 BC). However, there is evidence for recognizable practices of geography, such as cartography, prior to the use of the term.
South-Eastern constituency (Saint Petersburg)
The South-Eastern constituency (No.217) is a Russian legislative constituency in Saint Petersburg. The constituency covers south-eastern part of the city and its suburbs, including Kolpino.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by Party of Growth deputy Oksana Dmitriyeva, Member of Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg, former six-term State Duma member and Minister of Labour and Social Development of Russia, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Mikhail Romanov after the latter switched to Eastern constituency.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
MD 20/20
MD 20/20 is a discount flavored fortified wine produced by Mogen David. 20/20 originally referred to 20% ABV and a 20 oz bottle. It is commonly referred to by the nickname "Mad Dog".

The wine is produced in a variety of flavors, sold in 750ml bottles, and alcohol content varies by flavor from 13% ABV to 18% ABV. Like competitors Thunderbird and Night Train Express, its sweet flavors, strength and low cost are often associated with alcoholism among the homeless and destitute but also make it popular with college students and other underage drinkers.

Despite being made in the US, MD 20/20 enjoys a cult following in Scotland. In 2019, after a new flavor "Electric Melon" became available, patrons lined up around the block at shops to purchase the beverage; in some cases, the crowds were so large they blocked traffic.

Flavored fortified wine
Flavored fortified wine or tonic wine is inexpensive fortified wine that typically has an alcohol content between 13% and 20% alcohol by volume (ABV). They are made from various fruits (including grapes and citrus fruits) with added sugar, artificial flavor, and artificial color. These wines are referred to by a number of slang terms, including Sneaky Pete, Bum wine, Brown bag vino and Ghetto wine.
Peter Wentworth (priest)
Peter Wentworth (1601–1661) was an Anglican priest in the 17th century.

Wentworth was born in Northamptonshire. He was a Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. He was Rector of Riseholme from 1633 to 1637, Dean of Armagh from  1637 to 1641; and Archdeacon of Carlisle from 1645.

He his last post was as Rector of Great Haseley. He died at Bath on 22 July 1661.

Dean of Armagh
The Dean of Armagh in the Church of Ireland is the dean of the Anglican St Patrick's Cathedral, the cathedral of the Diocese of Armagh and the metropolitan cathedral of the Province of Armagh, located in the town of Armagh.

Shane Forster has been the dean since 2020.
Kopyly
Kopyly (Ukrainian: Копили) is a village in Poltava Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Tereshky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village has a population of 2,525.

The village is located 3 km southeast of Poltava, within Tereshky village council, at the E 40 chaussee and at the railway line Poltava—Krasnohrad. The largest body of water in the neighbourhood is Vorskla river. Its biggest tributary, the Kolomak, flows into it near the village.

Suburban training field of FC Poltava

Tereshky, Poltava Oblast
Tereshky (Ukrainian: Терешки) is a municipality and village in Poltava Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Tereshky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village itself has a population of 2,450 (2001) while the municipality consisting of two villages (Tereshky and Kopyly) has 4,742 inhabitants (2005).

The village is located 4 km southeast of Poltava on the railway line Poltava—Kremenchuk. It lies near Vorskla river.
Lloyd Fields
Lloyd L. Fields (born September 10, 1957) is an American politician who was Oklahoma Commissioner of Labor from 2007 to 2011. A Democrat, he was elected in 2006, receiving 456,373 votes, a narrow margin of 50.15%.  He defeated 12-year incumbent Republican Brenda Reneau, who received 49.85%, or 453,645 votes, after having lost to her in the 2002 election.

Fields was defeated for reelection to a second term by Republican Mark Costello in the 2010 election.

Oklahoma Labor Commissioner
The Oklahoma Commissioner of Labor is an elective executive officer of the State of Oklahoma. The Labor Commissioner serves as the head of the Oklahoma Department of Labor. The Labor Commissioner is responsible for supervising the administration of all state laws relating to labor and workplace safety and gathers and publishes information about the workforce of Oklahoma.

Until his death in August, 2015, the Labor Commissioner was Mark Costello, a Republican, who defeated the incumbent Lloyd Fields, a Democrat in the November 2010 election. In November 2015, Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin appointed Melissa McLawhorn Houston to serve out the remainder of Costello’s term. Houston did not seek reelection to the position in the 2018 election, and was succeeded as Commissioner by Leslie Osborn.
Constantine IV
Constantine IV (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος, romanized: Kōnstantīnos, lit. 'Constantinus'); c. 650 – 10 July 685), called the Younger (Greek: ὁ νέος, romanized: ho Néos) and often incorrectly the Bearded (Greek: Πωγωνᾶτος, romanized: Pōgōnãtos) out of confusion with his father, was Byzantine emperor from 668 to 685. His reign saw the first serious check to nearly 50 years of uninterrupted Arab expansion, most notably his successful defence of Constantinople, and the temporary stabilization of the Byzantine Empire after decades of war, defeats, and civil strife. His calling of the Sixth Ecumenical Council saw the end of the monothelitism controversy in the Byzantine Empire; for this, he is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with his feast day on September 3.

Mizizios
Mizizios or Mezezius (Greek: Μιζίζιος; Armenian: Մժէժ, romanized: Mžēž or Mzhezh) was an Armenian noble who served as a general of Byzantium, later usurping the Byzantine throne in Sicily from 668 to 669.