hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tole Bi District
Tole Bi (Kazakh: Төле би ауданы, Töle Bi audany) is a district of Turkistan Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Lenger. Population: 132,073 (2013 estimate); 122,721 (2009 census results); 105,748 (1999 census results).  The district is named after Töle Biy, who died there in the 18th century.

Turkistan Region
Turkistan Region, formerly known as South Kazakhstan Region from 1992 to 2018 and Chimkent Region from 1963 to 1991, is the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, bordering Uzbekistan. It had a population of 2,088,510 as of the 2022 Kazakhstan census.

The region's capital is Turkistan, formerly Shymkent until 2018. Other cities in the region include Sayram, Kentau, Arys, Shardara, Zhetisai, Saryagash, and Lenger.
Liquid-propellant rocket
Liquid rocket fuel.

Oxidizer.

Pumps carry the fuel and oxidizer.

The combustion chamber mixes and burns the two liquids.

Combustion product gasses enter the nozzle through a throat.

Exhaust exits the rocket.

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids are desirable propellants because they have reasonably high density and their combustion products have high specific impulse (Isp). This allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low.

Scud missile
A Scud missile is one of a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It was exported widely to both Second and Third World countries. The term comes from the NATO reporting name attached to the missile by Western intelligence agencies. The Russian names for the missile are the R-11 (the first version), and the R-17 (later R-300) Elbrus (later developments). The name Scud has been widely used to refer to these missiles and the wide variety of derivative variants developed in other countries based on the Soviet design.

Scud missiles have been used in combat since the 1970s, mostly in wars in the Middle East. They became familiar to the Western public during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, when Iraq fired dozens at Saudi Arabia and Israel. In Russian service, it has been replaced by the 9K720 Iskander.
Monfalcone railway station
Monfalcone railway station (Italian: Stazione di Monfalcone) serves the town and comune of Monfalcone, in the autonomous region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northeastern Italy.

Opened in 1860, the station is a junction between the Venice–Trieste railway and the Udine–Trieste railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni. The train services are operated by Trenitalia. Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Monfalcone
Monfalcone (Italian pronunciation: [moɱfalˈkoːne]; Bisiacco: Mofalcòn; Friulian: Monfalcon; Slovene: Tržič; archaic German: Falkenberg) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy, located on the Gulf of Trieste. Its name means 'falcon mountain' (see Montfaucon in French and Falkenberg in Germanic languages).

It is a major industrial centre for manufacturing ships, airplanes, textiles, chemicals, and refined oil, and is home to one of Fincantieri's main shipyards. Monfalcone is the northernmost city on the Mediterranean Sea.
Kelefesia
Kelefesia (also: Falafagea, Fallafajea, Kelifijia) is an island in the Haʻapai Archipelago, that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands are Nukutula, Nomuka, Tonumea, Fonoifua, Telekitonga, Fetokopunga, Nukufaiau.

Tonumea
Tonumea (also: Tanumea, Tonomaia, Tonumeia) is an island in the Haʻapai archipelago that belongs to the Kingdom of Tonga. Among neighboring islands are Telekitonga, Nukutula, Kelefesia, Nomuka, Telekitonga, Nukufaiau, Fetokopunga, Fonoifua.
Presidential and Vice-Presidential Artifacts Museum
The Presidential and Vice-Presidential Artifacts Museum (Chinese: 總統副總統文物館; pinyin: Zǒngtǒngfù Zǒngtǒng Wénwùguǎn) is a museum located in Academia Historica, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. The museum's collection includes collections and archives belonging to previous Presidents of the Republic of China.

The collection also includes furniture and artwork which belonged to previous Presidents as well a digital reading room which contains 1,100 publications and 687 books related to ROC presidents.

Academia Historica
Academia Historica (Chinese: 國史館; pinyin: Guóshǐ guǎn) is the national institution of historical research of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Founded in Nanjing in 1947 and re-established in Taiwan in 1957, the institution is under the direct administration of the Office of the President. The institution is tasked with recording national history, collecting, compiling, and preserving historical collections, as well as conserving the relics associated with the Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Republic of China.
Dunwich Cemetery
Dunwich Cemetery is a heritage-listed cemetery at Bingle Road, Dunwich, North Stradbroke Island in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1847 to 1952. It is also known as One Mile Cemetery. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Dunwich, Queensland
Dunwich is a town and locality on the western side of North Stradbroke Island in Queensland, Australia. Dunwich is part of the Redland City local government area, administered from the bayside town of Cleveland on the Queensland mainland.  In the 2021 census, the locality of Dunwich had a population of 737 people.

Dunwich is one of three towns on North Stradbroke Island – the others being Amity Point and Point Lookout.
Len Small
Lennington "Len" Small (June 16, 1862 – May 17, 1936) was an American politician who served as the 26th Governor of Illinois from 1921 to 1929. He previously was a member of the Illinois state senate from the 16th District from 1901 to 1903 and was Illinois state treasurer, from 1905 to 1907, and from 1917 to 1919. He is known for accusations of embezzlement brought against him.

Kankakee County, Illinois
Kankakee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 107,502. Its county seat is Kankakee. Kankakee County comprises the Kankakee, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Vlatko Paskačić
Vlatko Paskačić (Serbian: Влатко Паскачић) was a 14th-century Serbian feudal lord (sebastokrator) of Slavište region around Kriva Palanka under the Mrnjavčevići (1366-1395), in modern North Macedonia.

His father was Paskač, a noble during the time of Stefan Dušan, his mother was Ozra.

He ruled the Slavište župa stretching from Vranje in Serbia to Kriva Palanka in Macedonia. He and his father founded the Orthodox Christian Psača Monastery and donated it to Mount Athos.

He held the office of late Dejan Dragaš after his death, as Jovan Dragaš was still young.

He married Vladislava and had 3 children:

Stefan Vlatković

Uroš Vlatković

Uglješa Vlatković

Sebastokrator
Sebastokrator (Medieval Greek: Σεβαστοκράτωρ, romanized: Sevastokrátor, lit. 'August Ruler', Byzantine Greek pronunciation: [sevastoˈkrator]; Bulgarian: севастократор, romanized: sevastokrator; Serbo-Croatian: sevastokrator), was a senior court title in the late Byzantine Empire. It was also used by other rulers whose states bordered the Empire or were within its sphere of influence (Bulgarian Empire, Serbian Empire). The word is a compound of sebastós (lit. 'venerable', the Greek equivalent of the Latin Augustus) and krátōr ('ruler', the same element as is found in autokrator, 'emperor'). The wife of a Sebastokrator was named sebastokratorissa (σεβαστοκρατόρισσα, sevastokratórissa) in Greek, sevastokratitsa (севастократица) in Bulgarian and sevastokratorica in Serbian.
Meaus
Meaus is a village in the municipality of Baltar, Ourense, Galiza. The census for 2007 showed 38 inhabitants (19 men and 19 women). Until 1868 it formed with Santiago and Rubiás a de facto independent state called Couto Misto.

Santiago de Rubiás
Santiago de Rubiás is a village in Spain, located in the municipality of Calvos de Randín, Ourense, Galicia. The census for 2007 showed 65 inhabitants. Until 1868 it formed with Meaus and Rubiás a de facto independent state called Couto Misto, of which Santiago was the capital.
The Headies Award for Artiste of the Year
The Headies Award for Artiste of the Year is an award presented at The Headies, a ceremony that was established in 2006 and originally called the Hip Hop World Awards. It was first presented to P-Square in 2006.

The Headies
The Headies (originally called the Hip Hop World Awards) are honors established in 2006 by Hip Hop World Magazine to recognize outstanding achievements in the Nigerian music industry. The annual ceremony features performances by established and promising artists. It is broadcast live on HipTV to viewers across Nigeria. The awards' first two editions were held at the Muson Center in Onikan, Lagos State. Between 2010 and 2012, the awards were held at the Eko Hotel and Suites in Victoria Island, Lagos. Various media personalities in Nigeria have hosted the ceremony, including Darey Art Alade, D'banj, Dakore Egbuson, Banky W., Rita Dominic, M.I, Tiwa Savage and Dr SID.
Halifax Volunteer Battalion
The Halifax Volunteer Battalion (1860–1868) included six companies that were raised in present-day Halifax Regional Municipality. The six companies included the Scottish Rifles, Chebucto Grays, Mayflower Rifles, Halifax Rifles, Irish Volunteers and Dartmouth Rifles which were all raised in the fall of 1859. The upper ranks of the battalion was made up of distinguished people from the community filling the ranks of officers. The battalion served ceremonial functions, raised money for charities as well as defended the city against possible military threat during the Fenian Raids. The present-day The Halifax Rifles (RCAC) descended from the 63rd regiment of the battalion.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.
Cristo Rey St. Martin College Prep
Cristo Rey St. Martin College Prep, formerly St. Martin de Porres High School, is a co-ed, college preparatory private high school in Waukegan, Illinois, established in 2004. Cristo Rey St. Martin is a member of the Cristo Rey Network of high schools and is affiliated with the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The academic curriculum is combined with a Corporate Work Study Program, where students are required to work as interns at various Chicago land area businesses to gain real-world work experience and contribute to their educational tuition.

Waukegan, Illinois
Waukegan (/wəˈkiːɡən/ wə-KEE-ghən) is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. Located 36 miles (58 km) north of Chicago, Waukegan is a satellite city within the greater Chicago metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 89,321, making it the most populous city in Lake County, the seventh-most populous city within the Chicago metropolitan area and the 10th-most populous city in Illinois. However, unlike nearby wealthy North Shore suburbs, Waukegan has long been classified by the Illinois state government as overall "socioeconomically distressed" despite having some middle class inhabitants.
Fox Islands (British Columbia)
The Fox Islands are a small group of islands in the entrance to Slingsby Channel in the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada.  Slingsby Channel lies along the north flank of Bramham Island and is one of only two waterways connecting to Seymour Inlet and its side-inlets, which form a maze of inlets within the nearby mainland; the other, on the east side of Bramham, is Schooner Channel (formerly Schooner Passage).

Slingsby Channel
Slingsby Channel is a strait on the north side of Bramham Island in the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia.  It is one of only two entrances to Seymour Inlet and the associated maze of waterways inland, which lie to the northeast of Bramham.  The other entrance is Schooner Channel, formerly Schooner Passage, on the east side of that island.

The Fox Islands, which lie in its entrance, Bramham Island and the channel itself, plus Slingsby Rock and Slingsby Point, are named in association with Bramham Park, the Yorkshire home of George Lane-Fox.

Through the Slingsby Channel flows the world's strongest current, the Nakwakto Rapids, that has been measured at speeds up to 18.4 miles per hour. The current is so fast at times, that people have tied a rope to Turret Rock, which is located right in the middle of the rapids, and then water-skied.
Hansung University
Hansung University (Korean: 한성대학교) is a private university in Seongbuk District, Seoul, South Korea. It was founded on December 21, 1972.  The Hansung University is located in Seongbuk District and Jongno District, Seoul.

Seongbuk District
Seongbuk District (Korean: 성북구; RR: Seongbuk-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. The district is located in the mid-north part of the city. The current mayor is Lee Seung-ro, who has been mayor since July 2018. Seongbuk District was established under Presidential Decree No. 159 on August 13, 1949 (including some areas of Dongdaemun District and some areas of Sungin-myeon, Goyang-gun), and was promoted to an autonomous district by implementing a Gu-level local government on May 1, 1988.
Swedish Academy Nordic Prize
The Nordic Prize (Swedish: nordiska pris) is a literary award presented annually by the Swedish Academy. The recipient is someone from the Nordic countries who has done significant work in any of the Academy's areas of operations or interests. The inaugural award was in 1986 and was founded with a donation from Karen and Karl Ragnar Gierows. The prize amount consists of kr 400,000. The prize has been referred to as the "little Nobel" because it is awarded by the same Academy that gives the Nobel Prize.

Swedish Academy
The Swedish Academy (Swedish: Svenska Akademien), founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Its 18 members, who are elected for life, comprise the highest Swedish language authority. Outside Scandinavia, it is best known as the body that chooses the laureates for the annual Nobel Prize in Literature, awarded in memory of the donor Alfred Nobel.
Stellantis Gurun Plant
Stellantis Gurun (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (formerly Naza Automotive Manufacturing Sdn Bhd, abbreviated NAM) is an automotive manufacturing subsidiary of Stellantis in Malaysia. It is headquartered in Gurun, Kedah.

The company was established in 2002 and by 2003, the construction of NAM's own manufacturing plant commenced. The manufacturing plant was built on a 140 acres (57 ha) parcel of land and comprises an assembly plant, a two-storey office, a test track, lots for vendors and suppliers, staff accommodation and recreation facilities.

In February 2018, NAM was taken over by PSA Group, which later merged with Fiat Chrysler to form Stellantis in 2021. The plant is now called the Stellantis Gurun Plant.

Gurun, Kedah
Gurun is a mukim and a small town in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. "Gurun" in English means desert, however the town does not resemble in the slightest the meaning of its English translation. Rather, it derived its name from the word "gerun", which means terrify or "kurun" meaning elephant in the Siamese dialect. These words are associated with an incident during the reign of King Ekataat’s grandsons, Sultan Jaafar Mad Azam Syah, Sultan of the Islamic State of Ayutthia, who was killed in 1876 by the invading Thai armies when they crushed his body using an elephant. This incident took place behind the current Gurun Police Station.
Gene Stallings
Eugene Clifton Stallings Jr. (born March 2, 1935) is an American former football player and coach. He played college football at Texas A&M University (1954–1956), where he was one of the "Junction Boys", and later served as the head coach at his alma mater from 1965 to 1971. Stallings was also the head coach of the St. Louis/Phoenix Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) (1986–1989) and at the University of Alabama (1990–1996). Stallings' 1992 Alabama team completed a 13–0 season with a win in the Sugar Bowl over Miami and was named the consensus national champion. Stallings was also a member of the Board of Regents of the Texas A&M University System. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach on July 16, 2011.

Antonio Langham
Collie Antonio Langham (born July 31, 1972) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons.  He played college football for the University of Alabama, and was recognized as an All-American. Selected by the Cleveland Browns in the first round of the 1994 NFL draft, Langham also played professionally for the Baltimore Ravens, San Francisco 49ers, and New England Patriots of the NFL.
Albiano d'Ivrea
Albiano d'Ivrea (Piedmontese: Albian) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Turin.

Albiano d'Ivrea borders the following municipalities: Bollengo, Ivrea, Palazzo Canavese, Piverone, Azeglio, Caravino, and Vestignè.

The Baroque church of San Martino Vescovo di Tours, as well as the Albiano d'Ivrea Castle, are located in the village.

Bollengo
Bollengo is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin. It borders the municipalities of Torrazzo, Burolo, Ivrea, Palazzo Canavese, Magnano, Albiano d'Ivrea and Azeglio.
Old Town Hall, Newport
The Old Town Hall is a municipal building in St Mary Street, Newport, Shropshire, England. The structure, which is now divided into a series of shop units on the ground floor and used as a children's play area on the first floor, is a Grade II listed building.

Newport, Shropshire
Newport is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin in Shropshire, England. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Telford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Stafford, and is near the Shropshire-Staffordshire border. The 2001 census recorded 10,814 people living in the parish, which rose to 11,387 by the 2011 census.
Chapman strut
The Chapman strut is a design of independent rear suspension used for light cars, particularly sports and racing cars. It takes its name from, and is best known for its use by, Colin Chapman of Lotus.

The characteristic feature of the Chapman strut is a long upright strut combining a coil spring and shock absorber, with a universal-jointed drive shaft itself forming the lower link of the suspension.

Lotus Europa
The Lotus Europa name is used on two distinct mid-engine GT cars built by British automobile manufacturer Lotus Cars. The original Europa and its variants comprise the Lotus Types 46, 47, 54, 65 and 74, and were produced between 1966 and 1975.

The name was later revived in the Type 121 Europa S, a sports car based on the Lotus Elise produced from 2006 to 2010.
United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.

LexisNexis
LexisNexis is an American data analytics company headquartered in New York, New York. Its products are various databases that are accessed through online portals, including portals for computer-assisted legal research (CALR), newspaper search, and consumer information. During the 1970s, LexisNexis began to make legal and journalistic documents more accessible electronically. As of 2006, the company had the world's largest electronic database for legal and public-records–related information. The company is a subsidiary of RELX.
Museo d'Arte di Chianciano Terme
The Museo d'Arte di Chianciano Terme is a private art museum in Chianciano Terme, in Tuscany in central Italy. Its collections range from contemporary to Asian art. The museum was founded Roberto Gagliardi in 2009. It houses about 1000 works and occupies 3000 m2 in a former hotel building. It hosts the Biennale di Chianciano. The museum was inaugurated on 29 August 2009; the opening date for the museum is 15 June 2016.

Roberto Gagliardi
Roberto Gagliardi is an Italian furniture importer and art dealer. He has an art gallery in London and through it organised a temporary exhibition, the "London Art Biennale", in Chelsea Old Town Hall in 2013. His art collection is housed in the Museo d'Arte di Chianciano Terme in Chianciano Terme, in Tuscany in central Italy; which since 2009 has organised the Biennale di Chianciano in the town.
Giacomo and Giovanni Battista Tocci
Giacomo and Giovanni Battista Tocci (4 October 1877 – 13 December 1894) were conjoined twins born in Locana, Italy, notable as being of the dicephalic parapagus tetrabrachius subtype, thus having one merged trunk, four arms, and two heads. The Toccis toured in a circus with details of their later life erroneously reported well after their death in 1894.

Dicephalic parapagus twins
Dicephalic parapagus (/daɪˈsɛfəlɪk/) is a rare form of partial twinning with two heads side by side on one torso.   Infants conjoined this way are sometimes called "two-headed babies" in popular media. The condition is also called parapagus dicephalus.

If carried to term, most dicephalic twins are stillborn, or die soon after birth. A small number are known to have survived to adulthood.

The extent to which limbs and organs are duplicated varies from case to case. One head may be only partially developed (anencephalic), or both may be complete. In some cases, two complete hearts are present as well, which improves their chances of survival. The total number of arms may be two, three or four.

Their prospects are best if no attempt is made to separate them, except in cases in which one twin is clearly dying.
Bill James
George William James (born October 5, 1949) is an American baseball writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential.  Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books about baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he named sabermetrics after the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose.

In 2006, Time named him in the Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. In 2003, James was hired as senior advisor on Baseball Operations for the Boston Red Sox and worked for the team for 17 years during which they won four World Series championships.

John W. Henry
John William Henry II (born September 13, 1949) is an American businessman and the founder of John W. Henry & Company, an investment management firm. He is the principal owner of Liverpool Football Club, the Boston Red Sox, the Pittsburgh Penguins, The Boston Globe, and co-owner of RFK Racing. As of October 2024, Forbes estimated his net worth to be US$5.7 billion.