hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pacification of Powiśle Czerniakowskie
The pacification of Powiśle Czerniakowskie was a wave of mass murders, looting, and rapes that swept through Warsaw's Solec district (commonly known as Górny Czerniaków or Powiśle Czerniakowskie) during the Warsaw Uprising.

During the fighting on Powiśle Czerniakowskie from 11–23 September 1944, units of the German Reinefarth Combat Group murdered hundreds of captured Home Army soldiers (including many patients from insurgent hospitals) and committed numerous crimes against the civilian population of Górny Czerniaków.

Solec
Solec (Polish pronunciation: [ˈsɔlɛt͡s]) is a neighbourhood along the Vistula river in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. It is situated east of Frascati on the southeastern edge of Downtown and south of the Powiśle suburb. Solec was a self governing settlement and town from 1675 until its incorporation into Warsaw in 1791. The name "Solec" is derived from the Polish word for salt – sól – which was extensively traded and transported through the neighbourhood since the late Middle Ages. However, contemporary Solec is mostly occupied by residential tower blocks and commercial buildings.
Vojvoda Stepa
Vojvoda Stepa (Serbian Cyrillic: Војвода Степа) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Nova Crnja municipality, in the Central Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village numbering 1,720 people (2002 census), of whom majority are ethnic Serbs.

Nova Crnja
Nova Crnja (Serbian Cyrillic: Нова Црња; Hungarian: Magyarcsernye, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒrt͡ʃɛrɲɛ]; German: Neuzerne, Romanian: Cernea Ungurească) is a village and municipality located in the Central Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a population of 1,007, while the municipality has 8,147 inhabitants (2022 census).
Meselson–Stahl experiment
The Meselson–Stahl experiment is an experiment by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl in 1958 which supported Watson and Crick's  hypothesis that DNA replication was semiconservative. In semiconservative replication, when the double-stranded DNA helix is replicated, each of the two new double-stranded DNA helices consisted of one strand from the original helix and one newly synthesized. It has been called "the most beautiful experiment in biology". Meselson and Stahl decided the best way to trace the parent DNA would be to tag them by changing one of its atoms. Since nitrogen is present in all of the DNA bases, they generated parent DNA containing a heavier isotope of nitrogen than would be present naturally. This altered mass allowed them to determine how much of the parent DNA was present in the DNA after successive cycles of replication.

Franklin Stahl
Franklin William Stahl (October 8, 1929 – April 2, 2025) was an American molecular biologist and geneticist. With Matthew Meselson, Stahl conducted the famous Meselson-Stahl experiment showing that DNA is replicated by a semiconservative mechanism, meaning that each strand of the DNA serves as a template for production of a new strand.

Stahl was a professor of biology at the University of Oregon's Institute of Molecular Biology in Eugene, Oregon.
Pey, Netherlands
Pey (also: Peij; Limburgish: Pej) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is a part of the municipality of Echt-Susteren. It is located to the east of the Echt and is separated from Echt by the railway line. It is located about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of Sittard.

Echt-Susteren
Echt-Susteren (Dutch: [ˌɛxt ˈsʏstərə(n)] ⓘ; Limburgish: Ech-Zöstere [ˌæx ˈsœstəʀə]) is a municipality in the southeastern Netherlands. Echt-Susteren was created in 2003 by merging the former municipalities of Echt and Susteren.

Echt-Susteren is situated in a Euregional area. In the west the municipality borders to Belgium and in the east to Germany. The narrowest is only 4.8 km wide. It is possible to walk from Germany to Belgium via Netherlands in under an hour. The area of Echt-Susteren is a green municipality also known as the green waist of Limburg.
Washington Square Transit Center
The Washington Square Transit Center is a TriMet transit center located at the Washington Square shopping center in Tigard, Oregon, in the mall's parking lot north of J. C. Penney.

The following bus routes serve the transit center:

45 – Garden Home

56 – Scholls Ferry/Marquam Hill

62 – Murray Blvd.

76 – Hall/Greenburg

78 – Denney/Kerr Pkwy

Tigard, Oregon
Tigard (/ˈtaɪɡərd/ ⓘ TY-gərd) is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States. The population was 54,539 at the 2020 census, making it the 12th most populous city in Oregon. Incorporated in 1961, the city is located south of Beaverton and north of Tualatin, and is part of the Portland metropolitan area. Interstate 5 and Oregon Route 217 are the main freeways in the city, with Oregon Route 99W and Oregon Route 210 serving as other major highways. Public transit service is provided by TriMet, via several bus routes and the WES Commuter Rail line.
Primskovo
Primskovo (pronounced [ˈpɾiːmskɔʋɔ]; German: Primskau) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Primskovo is also the name of the local parish church and the collective name for the area covering a number of settlements in the surrounding area, including Dolnji Vrh, Gornji Vrh, Gradišče, Ježce, Kamni Vrh pri Primskovem, Mihelca, Mišji Dol, Poljane pri Primskovem, Sevno, Stara Gora, and Zagrič.

Sevno, Šmartno pri Litiji
Sevno (pronounced [ˈseːu̯nɔ]) is a small dispersed settlement in the Primskovo area near Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji is included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Mr. Prokouk
Mr. Prokouk (Czech: Pan Prokouk) is a character created by Karel Zeman for a series of Czech animated short films in the 1940s and 1950s.

Prokouk, a stop-motion animation puppet made of wood, is a sympathetic, irrepressible everyman character with a bristling mustache, a long nose, and a pork pie hat. The French newspaper Le Monde described the character as an "animated cousin" of Jacques Tati's character Monsieur Hulot, and the catalogue of a 2001 Karel Zeman retrospective at the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive suggested that Prokouk might be taken as Zeman's alter ego. The short films in which he appears are comic with a didactic touch.

The character first appeared in the 1946 short Podkova pro štěstí ("Horseshoe for Luck").

Prokouk became the most well-known character in Czech animated cinema and a familiar figure in Czech culture. The films were especially popular with young audiences.

Karel Zeman
Karel Zeman (3 November 1910 – 5 April 1989) was a Czech film director, artist, production designer and animator. He is best known for directing fantasy films combining live-action footage with animation, including Journey to the Beginning of Time (1955) and Invention for Destruction (1958). Because of his creative use of special effects and animation in his films, he has often been called the "Czech Méliès".
384th Air Refueling Squadron
The 384th Air Refueling Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit, stationed at Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington, where it is assigned to the 92d Operations Group and operates the Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft conducting air refueling missions.

The first predecessor of the squadron is the 584th Bombardment Squadron, a Martin B-26 Marauder unit that served in the European Theater of Operations, where it earned a Distinguished Unit Citation and a French Croix de Guerre with Palm.  After V-E Day, it served with the occupation forces in Germany until inactivating in 1946.

The 384th was activated in 1955 at Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts, where it served as a Strategic Air Command aerial refueling unit until inactivating in 1966.  It was activated again in 1973 and has performed global refueling missions since then.  The two squadrons were consolidated into a single unit in 1985.

384th Air Expeditionary Wing
The 384th Air Expeditionary Wing is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force. Its last assignment was with the United States Central Command Air Forces, being stationed at Shaikh Isa Air Base, Bahrain. It was inactivated in 2004. The wing's mission is largely undisclosed. However, it is known that one of its missions was aerial refueling of combat aircraft.
Time zone
A time zone is an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries between countries and their subdivisions instead of strictly following longitude, because it is convenient for areas in frequent communication to keep the same time.

Each time zone is defined by a standard offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The offsets range from UTC−12:00 to UTC+14:00, and are usually a whole number of hours, but a few zones are offset by an additional 30 or 45 minutes, such as in India and Nepal. Some areas in a time zone may use a different offset for part of the year, typically one hour ahead during spring and summer, a practice known as daylight saving time (DST).

Nepal Standard Time
Nepal Standard Time (NPT) is the time zone for Nepal. With a time offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of UTC+05:45 all over Nepal, it is one of only three time zones with a 45-minute offset from UTC.
Danish attack on Åland (1507)
The Danish attack on Åland occurred during the Dano-Swedish War of 1501–1512 in July 1507, when Søren Norby attacked the island with a squadron of nine ships. He besieged Kastelholm, eventually forcing it to capitulate and bringing its commander Sten Turesson along with others back to Copenhagen. The Danes also forced the island to pay 1,500 marks in brandskattning (Ransom) and several villages were razed.

Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)
The Dano-Swedish War from 1501 to 1512 was a military conflict between Denmark and Sweden within the Kalmar Union.

The war began with a Swedish and a Norwegian revolt against King Hans and the siege of Queen Christina in her castle in Danish-held Stockholm.
Dan Meis
Dan Meis, FAIA, RIBA (born 1961) is an American architect known for designing sports and entertainment facilities including Staples Center, Safeco Field, Paycor Stadium, Saitama Super Arena, Stadio Della Roma, and Everton FC's Hill Dickinson Stadium.

Arizona Financial Theatre
The Arizona Financial Theatre (formerly known as the Dodge Theatre, the Comerica Theatre and the Arizona Federal Theatre) is a multi-use theatre in Downtown Phoenix, Arizona. The venue seats 5,000 people.
Institute Menezes Braganza
Institute Menezes Braganza is a cultural institute in the centre of Panjim, Goa, India. It was set up by Portuguese colonial authorities in the late 19th century, but was taken over by the Government of Goa and continues to play a role in the state's cultural activities. In 2002, its takeover by the government was the subject of litigation in the Bombay High Court.

Luís de Menezes Bragança
Luís de Menezes Bragança (15 January 1878 – 10 July 1938) was a Portuguese journalist, writer, politician and anti-colonial activist. He was one of the few Goan aristocrats who actively opposed the Portuguese colonisation of Goa. During his lifetime, Menezes Bragança was widely hailed around the Lusosphere (Portuguese speaking world) as "O Maior de todos" ("The Greatest of all Goans") and in the Indian mainland as "The Tilak of Goa".
Battle of Chaul
The Battle of Chaul was a naval battle between the Portuguese and an Egyptian Mamluk fleet in 1508 in the harbour of Chaul in India. The battle ended in a Mamluk victory. It followed the Siege of Cannanore in which a Portuguese garrison successfully resisted an attack by Southern Indian rulers. This was the first Portuguese defeat at sea in the Indian Ocean.

Siege of Cannanore (1507)
The siege of Cannanore was a four-month siege, from 27 April 1507 to 27 August 1507, when troops of the local ruler (the Kōlattiri Raja of Cannanore), supported by the Zamorin of Calicut   besieged the Portuguese garrison at St. Angelo Fort in Cannanore, in what is now the Indian state of Kerala. It followed the Battle of Cannanore, in which the fleet of the Zamorin was defeated by the Portuguese.
Line 3 (Guangzhou Metro)
Line 3 of the Guangzhou Metro is a 74.83-kilometer (46.50 mi) rapid transit line that connects Haibang to Airport North (Terminal 2). The entire line, including all track and stations, is located in tunnels. Its 67.33 km (41.84 mi) main branch, excluding the 7.5 km (4.66 mi) branch between Tianhe Coach Terminal and Tiyu Xilu is now the second longest continuous subway tunnel in the world, and the longest rail tunnel of any kind (surpassing the Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland).

Line 3 is split into two sections, Shiqiao line (main line, from Haibang to Tianhe Coach Terminal) and Airport line (northern branch, Tiyu Xilu to Airport North), and are branded with the colour orange. The line is extremely congested, with numerous sections officially operating over 100% capacity. The line uses Seltrac S40 communications-based train control from Alcatel.

Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (IATA: CAN, ICAO: ZGGG) is an international airport serving Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

The airport codes were inherited from the former Baiyun Airport, and the IATA code is derived from Guangzhou's historical romanization Canton. Baiyun Airport serves as a hub for China Southern Airlines, FedEx Express, 9 Air, Hainan Airlines and Shenzhen Airlines. In 2020, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation in other countries, it was temporarily the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic, handling 43.8 million passengers.

In 2023, Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport was the world's twelfth-busiest airport by passenger traffic, with 63.1 million passengers handled, and the busiest in China. As for cargo traffic, the airport was China's second-busiest and the world's eleventh-busiest.
Quantula striata
Quantula striata, also known as Dyakia striata, is a species of medium-sized, air-breathing, tropical land snail. It is a terrestrial, pulmonate, gastropod mollusc in the family Dyakiidae. This species appears to be unique among terrestrial gastropods in that it is bioluminescent: Its eggs glow in the dark, and juveniles and most adults give off flashes of green light.

Dyakiidae
Dyakiidae is a family of air-breathing land snails terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Some of the species in this family are sinistral (left-handed) in their shell coiling.
Liz Cunningham
Elizabeth Anne Cunningham is an Australian politician. She was an independent member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1995 to 2015, representing the electorate of Gladstone. A conservative MLA in a traditionally Labor district, Cunningham is perhaps most well known for having brought Rob Borbidge's Coalition minority government to power in 1996, following the loss of the Mundingburra by-election by the then Goss Labor government.

Rob Borbidge
Robert Edward Borbidge (born 12 August 1954) is an Australian former politician who served as the 35th Premier of Queensland from 1996 to 1998. He was the leader of the Queensland branch of the National Party from 1991 to 2001, and was the last member of that party to serve as premier, as it merged to become the Liberal National Party of Queensland in 2008.

His term as premier was contemporaneous with the rise of the One Nation Party of Pauline Hanson, which would see him lose office within two years. Borbidge was the member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Surfers Paradise from 1980 to 2001 and served as a minister in the Ahern and Cooper governments.
Vika oxygen generator
Vika or TGK is an oxygen generating system for spaceflight. It is a SFOG, or solid-fuel oxygen generator, a kind of chemical oxygen generator. It has been used on the retired Mir space station and the International Space Station. It was originally developed by Roscosmos to supplement the Elektron oxygen system on Mir. A Vika module, also known as a "candle", contains about one liter of lithium perchlorate and can provide oxygen for one person for 24 hours.

After being adopted for use on the ISS, it had the NASA name SFOG, but they also sometimes use the Russian acronym TGK.

Chemical oxygen generator
A chemical oxygen generator is a device that releases oxygen via a chemical reaction. The oxygen source is usually an inorganic superoxide, chlorate, or perchlorate. The generators are usually ignited by a firing pin, and the chemical reaction is usually exothermic, making the generator a potential fire hazard. Potassium superoxide was used as an oxygen source on early crewed missions of the Soviet space program, in submarines for use in emergency situations, for firefighters, and for mine rescue.
Clitheroe (UK Parliament constituency)
Clitheroe was a parliamentary constituency in Lancashire.

The town of Clitheroe was first enfranchised as a parliamentary borough in 1559, returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of England until 1707, then to the House of Commons of Great Britain until 1800, and finally to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1832.  The borough's representation was reduced to one MP by the Reform Act 1832.

The parliamentary borough was abolished under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, and the name transferred to a new county division with effect from the 1885 general election. The county division returned one MP until it was abolished for the 1983 general election. It was then largely replaced by the new Ribble Valley constituency.

Clitheroe
Clitheroe (/ˈklɪðəroʊ/) is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England; it is located 34 miles (55 km) north-west of Manchester. It is near the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists visiting the area. In 2018, the Clitheroe built-up area had an estimated population of 16,279.

The town was listed in the 2017 The Sunday Times report on the best places to live in Northern England, while the wider Ribble Valley, of which Clitheroe is the most populous settlement, was listed in the 2018 and 2024 Sunday Times report on the best places to live. Clitheroe and the wider Ribble Valley have also been listed as healthiest and happiest place to live in the United Kingdom.

The town's most notable building is Clitheroe Castle, which is one of the smallest Norman keeps in Great Britain. Several manufacturing companies have sites here, including Dugdale Nutrition, Hanson Cement, Johnson Matthey and Tarmac.
Melbourne International Jazz Festival
The Melbourne International Jazz Festival is an annual jazz music festival first held in Melbourne, Australia in 1998. The Festival takes place in concert halls, arts venues, jazz clubs and throughout the streets of Melbourne.

Bennetts Lane Jazz Club
The Bennetts Lane Jazz Club was an Australian live jazz performance music venue in Melbourne. The club was established by entrepreneur Michael Tortoni and located at the end of its namesake lane off Little Lonsdale Street from November 1992 to February 2017. New owners planned to reopen the club in new premises in Flinders Lane in the 2020s, but this plan has not come to fruition as of 2023.

Tortoni opened a new jazz club, called The JazzLab (which had been the name of an earlier performance space in the Bennetts Lane Club), in April 2017 in Leslie Street, Brunswick.
Smithfield Tobs
The Smithfield Tobs are an amateur baseball team playing in the Coastal Plain League, an NCAA-sanctioned collegiate summer baseball league. The team plays its home games at Smithfield Community Park in Smithfield, North Carolina. The team relocated to Smithfield from Wilson, North Carolina in 2026, planning to resume play in 2027. Today's Tobs were one of the original teams in the collegiate Coastal Plain League when the league was founded in 1997; prior to 1997 the town of Wilson hosted minor league teams throughout the 20th century. In 2005 the Coastal Plain League named the Tobs the CPL Organization of the Year. The Tobs' mascot has been a tobacco worm named Slugger since the 1999 season.

Coastal Plain League
The Coastal Plain League (CPL) is a wood-bat collegiate summer baseball league, featuring college players recruited from throughout the United States. The league takes its name from the Class D level Coastal Plain League which operated in the area from 1937 to 1952.
CF Sanjoanense (Porto Novo)
Clube de Futebol Os Sanjoanenses, also known as Sanjoanense (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Sanjoanensi, also in the other Capeverdean Crioulo forms of the Santo Antão and the São Vicente Crioulos), is a football club that currently plays in the Santo Antão Island League South Zone in Cape Verde.  It is based in the town of Porto Novo in the northern part of the island of Santo Antão.

Académica do Fogo
Associação Académica do Fogo is a football club that plays in the Campeonato Nacional de Cabo Verde and in the Fogo Island League in Cape Verde. It is based in the island of Fogo and plays in the stadium with a capacity of 1000.  The logo and the uniform as well as other teams with the name Académica and Académico in Cape Verde is identical to Académica de Coimbra, it features the volcanic mountain on the right.  The club name and the year of foundation are at the bottom. Académica do Fogo are one of the unrelegated clubs on the island which includes Vulcânicos and Botafogo.

Académica do Fogo is the second most successful club on the island, having won 16 official regional titles.
Clare, County Armagh
Clare (from An Clár, meaning 'the plank bridge') is a village situated on the Cusher River, two miles southwest from Tandragee, in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The townland of Clare consists of 406 acres within the civil parish of Ballymore and the historic barony of Orior Lower.

Ballymore, County Armagh
Ballymore (from Irish An Baile Mór, meaning 'the large town, settlement') is a civil parish in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Orior Lower. Ballymore is also the name of a townland, of 676 acres, within the civil parish.
Gorham, Maine
Gorham is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 18,336 at the 2020 United States Census. In addition to its urban village center known as Gorham Village or simply "the Village," the town encompasses a number of smaller, unincorporated villages and hamlets with distinct historical identities, including South Gorham, West Gorham, Little Falls, White Rock, and North Gorham. Gorham is home to one of the three campuses of the University of Southern Maine. In 2013, Gorham was voted second-best town in Maine after Hampden by a financial website.

Gorham is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

Initially named Narragansett Number 7, the village was renamed Gorhamtown Plantation in honor of the famous New England Ranger John Gorham I, the great grandfather of John Gorham 4th.

Westbrook, Maine
Westbrook is a city in Cumberland County, Maine, United States and a suburb of Portland. The population was 20,400 at the 2020 census, making it the fastest-growing city in Maine between 2010 and 2020. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area.