hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bird-of-paradise
The birds-of-paradise are members of the family Paradisaeidae of the order Passeriformes. They are found mainly in New Guinea, as well as eastern Australia and the Moluccas. The family has 44 species in 17 genera. The members of this family are perhaps best known for the plumage of the males of the species, the majority of which are sexually dimorphic. The males of these species tend to have very long, elaborate feathers extending from the beak, wings, tail, or head. For the most part, they are confined to dense rainforest habitats. The diet of all species is dominated by fruit and to a lesser extent arthropods. The birds-of-paradise have a variety of breeding systems, ranging from monogamy to lek-type polygamy.

A number of species are threatened by hunting and habitat loss.

Parotia
The parotias are a genus, Parotia, of passerine birds in the bird-of-paradise family Paradisaeidae. They are endemic to New Guinea. They are also known as six-plumed birds of paradise, due to their six head quills.  These birds were featured prominently in the BBC series Planet Earth.

The males of the genus are characterized by an ornamental plumage consisting of six wired head plumes with black oval-shaped tips, a neck collar of black, decomposed feathers which can be spread into a skirt-like shape, and bright or iridescent head and throat markings. During courtship, they perform ballerina-like dances and spread out their "skirt" on a patch of forest floor they have meticulously cleaned of dead leaves and other debris. The "ballerina dances" usually consist of the male hopping from foot and bobbing their heads from side to side.  The males are polygamous and do not take part in raising the young. Clutch size is somewhat uncertain; it is usually one to three eggs.
Middlesex Fells Reservation
Middlesex Fells Reservation, often referred to simply as the Fells, is a public recreation area covering more than 2,200 acres (890 ha) in Malden, Medford, Melrose, Stoneham, and Winchester, Massachusetts, United States. The state park surrounds two inactive reservoirs, Spot Pond and the Fells Reservoir, and the three active reservoirs (North, Middle, and South) that are part of the water supply system for the town of Winchester. Spot Pond and the Fells Reservoir are part of the Wachusett water system, one of six primary water systems that feed metropolitan Boston's waterworks. The park is managed by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation and is part of the Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston.

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
Oebisfelde
Oebisfelde (German pronunciation: [øːbɪsˈfɛldə] ⓘ) is a town and a former municipality in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Oebisfelde-Weferlingen.

It is accessed by Bundesstraße (German federal highway) 188.

Oebisfelde-Weferlingen
Oebisfelde-Weferlingen (German pronunciation: [øːbɪsˈfɛldə ˈveːfɐlɪŋən]) is a town in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2010 by the merger of the former municipalities Bösdorf, Döhren, Eickendorf, Eschenrode, Etingen, Hödingen, Hörsingen, Kathendorf, Oebisfelde, Rätzlingen, Schwanefeld, Seggerde, Siestedt, Walbeck and Weferlingen. On 1 September 2010 Everingen was also incorporated. These 16 former municipalities are now Ortschaften or municipal divisions of the town Oebisfelde-Weferlingen.
Estrellas Orientales
Estrellas Orientales (English: Eastern Stars), also known as Estrellas de Oriente, is a baseball team in the Dominican Winter League. Based in San Pedro de Macorís, the team has historically struggled, winning championships only in 1936, 1954, 1968 and 2019.

San Pedro de Macorís
San Pedro de Macorís is a city and municipality (municipio) in the Dominican Republic. The capital of its eponymous province in the east region of the country, it is among the ten largest cities of the Dominican Republic. The city has approximately 217,000 inhabitants when including the whole municipality. As a provincial capital, it houses the Universidad Central del Este. San Pedro de Macorís is also well known for producing professional baseball players at an exceptionally high per capita rate.
Dacre Bears
The Dacre Bears are four sculptures, likely of medieval date, which stand in the churchyard of the Church of St Andrew in the village of Dacre, Cumbria, England. Their date of construction is uncertain and their purpose is unknown. The statues are heavily eroded. Each is a Grade II* listed structure.

St Andrew's Church, Dacre
St Andrew's Church is in the village of Dacre, Cumbria, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Penrith, the archdeaconry of Penrith, and the diocese of Carlisle. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.  The church stands near Dacre Castle.
Baltimore SC
Baltimore Sportif Club is a professional football club based in Saint-Marc, Haiti.

They have consistently been one of the best clubs in the league. In 2006, it captured the double after winning the league and the Coupe d'Haïti.

They hold a fierce rivalry with local club Tempête FC.

Tempête FC
Tempête Football Club is a professional football club based in Saint-Marc, Haiti. The club was founded in 1970 and competes in Haiti's top league, Ligue Haïtienne.

They hold a fierce rivalry with local club Baltimore SC.
María José Argaña Mateu
María José Argaña de Mateu (born 1961) is a Paraguayan politician, businesswoman and diplomat. From 2003 to 2008, she was Minister of Paraguay's Secretariat for Women's Affairs. In 2017 she was appointed Paraguay's Ambassador to Portugal.

Ministry of Women (Paraguay)
The Ministry of Women or Ministry of Women's Affairs  (MWA) is a Paraguayan state ministry established in 2012. The current Minister of Women is Celina Esther Lezcano, who succeeded Nilda Romero in March 2021.
NGC 4488
NGC 4488 is a peculiar lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 1,317±24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 63.3 ± 4.6 Mly (19.42 ± 1.40 Mpc). However, one non-redshift measurement gives a much closer distance of 26.26 Mly (8.050 Mpc). The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 28, 1785. NGC 4488 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

LEDA 74886
LEDA 74886, also known by its 2MASX designation 2MASX J03404323-1838431, and sometimes known as the Emerald-cut Galaxy, is a dwarf galaxy with a rare rectangular shape. It is located at a distance of about 70,000,000 light-years (21 Mpc) in the Eridanus constellation. The galaxy was detected in a wide field of view image taken by the Subaru Telescope using the Subaru Prime Focus Camera (Suprime-Cam). Using the Keck Telescope, a thin disc with a side on orientation was confirmed to be lurking at the center of LEDA 74886, and spinning at a speed of 33 km/s at the orbital radius of half a kpc. LEDA 74886 has a mass of around 109 M☉ (Compared to the Milky Way's mass of about 1012 M☉).
Cezoram
According to the Book of Mormon, a sacred text of the Latter Day Saint movement, Cezoram (/siːˈzɔːrəm/) was the eighth Nephite chief judge (c. 30 BC).  In the 62nd year of the reign of the judges, or 30 BC, Nephi, son of Helaman, gave up the judgement seat and thence devoted himself to spreading the gospel.  Four years later, in 26 BC, Cezoram was murdered by the Gadianton robbers.  His son replaced him, but was murdered also. After that, the government fell into the hands of those robbers, and it is not known what happened with the judgement-seat until Nephi came back to call the people to repentance. (Cezoram is distinct from the similarly named Gadianton robber Seezoram.)

Gadianton robbers
The Gadianton robbers (/ˌɡædiˈæntən/), according to the Book of Mormon, were a secret criminal organization in ancient America. Their use of murder and plunder to destabilize society and overthrow the extant government makes them similar to the Sicarii.
Sunfield, Michigan
Sunfield is a village in Eaton County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 518 at the 2020 census. The village is located within Sunfield Township. The Sunfield, Michigan post office was established in 1855.

Eaton County, Michigan
Eaton County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 109,175. The county seat is Charlotte. The county was organized in 1837 and was named for John Eaton, who was Secretary of War under U.S. President Andrew Jackson, making it one of Michigan's Cabinet counties. Eaton County is included in the Lansing-East Lansing, Metropolitan Statistical area in Central Michigan.
Huangqi, Lianjiang County
Huangqi (Chinese: 黄岐镇; pinyin: Huángqí Zhèn; historically known as Huángqí 黃崎; also known as Fèngqí 鳳岐: 128 ) is a town in Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. Huangqi is located  on the Huangqi Peninsula (黄岐半岛) / Beijiao Peninsula (北茭半島) (including nearby islands) and is bordered to the east by the town of Tailu, to the west by the township of Ankai and to the south by the East China Sea, across which Lienchiang County (the Matsu Islands), Taiwan (ROC) can be seen.

Lianjiang County
Lianjiang (simplified Chinese: 连江; traditional Chinese: 連江; pinyin: Liánjiāng; Wade–Giles: Lien²-chiang¹; BUC: Lièng-gŏng) is a county on the eastern coast in Fuzhou prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian Province, China. Most of the county is administered by the People's Republic of China (PRC), while a number of outlying islands, collectively referred to as the Matsu Islands, are administered as Lienchiang County (same Chinese character name in traditional Chinese characters and referred to using Wade–Giles romanization) by the Republic of China (ROC) (now based in Taiwan) ever since their return to ROC control after Japanese occupation in World War II.
Logistic map
The logistic map is a discrete dynamical system defined by the quadratic difference equation

Equivalently, it is a recurrence relation and a polynomial mapping of degree 2. It is often referred to as an archetypal example of how complex, chaotic behaviour can arise from very simple nonlinear dynamical equations.

The map was initially utilized by Edward Lorenz in the 1960s to showcase properties of irregular solutions in climate systems. It was popularized in a 1976 paper by the biologist Robert May, in part as a discrete-time demographic model analogous to the logistic equation written down by Pierre François Verhulst.
Other researchers who have contributed to the study of the logistic map include Stanisław Ulam, John von Neumann, Pekka Myrberg, Oleksandr Sharkovsky, Nicholas Metropolis, and Mitchell Feigenbaum.

Feigenbaum constants
In mathematics, specifically bifurcation theory, the Feigenbaum constants /ˈfaɪɡənbaʊm/ δ and α are two mathematical constants which both express ratios in a bifurcation diagram for a non-linear map. They are named after the physicist Mitchell J. Feigenbaum.
Wharton Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Wharton Township is a township in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,360 at the 2020 census, down from 3,575 at the 2010 census. The Uniontown Area School District serves the region.

Farmington, Deer Lake, Elliotsville, Chalkhill, and Gibbon Glade are communities in the township.

Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Fayette County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in southwestern Pennsylvania, adjacent to Maryland and West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 128,804. Its county seat is Uniontown. The county was created on September 26, 1783, from part of Westmoreland County and named after the Marquis de Lafayette. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Fayette County is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of Fayette County is the southern border of Pennsylvania at both the Pennsylvania–Maryland state line (the Mason–Dixon line) and the Pennsylvania–West Virginia state line.
GRP Records
GRP® Records (Grusin-Rosen Productions) is a jazz record label founded by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen in 1978. Distributed by Verve Records, GRP® was originally known for its digital recordings that focuses on its jazz genre.

Eddie Daniels
Eddie Daniels (born October 19, 1941) is an American musician and composer. Although he is best known as a jazz clarinetist, he has also played saxophone and flute as well as classical music on clarinet.
Gnosca
Gnosca is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.

Giubiasco
Giubiasco is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
1928 Baltic Cup
The 1928 Baltic Cup was held in Tallinn at Kadrioru Stadium on 25–27 July 1928. It was the first time three Baltic countries — Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania — came together to play a friendly tournament and determine the best team amongst them. Latvia won the tournament, beating both opponents.

Baltic Cup (football)
The Baltic Cup (Estonian: Balti turniir, Latvian: Baltijas kauss, Lithuanian: Baltijos taurė) is an international football competition contested by the national teams of the Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Sometimes guests from the Northern Europe subregion are also invited: Finland has participated in the event twice, Iceland once, and Faroe Islands made a debut appearance in 2024. Though originally held annually, the competition has been biennial since 2008.

It is one of the oldest national teams football tournaments in Europe after the British Home Championship,  and the oldest of the ones still organized.
Pilar Mazzetti
Pilar Elena Mazzetti Soler (born 9 September 1956) is a Peruvian physician and health administrator who served as Minister of Health from July 2020 to February 2021, excluding her for nine days from office during the brief presidency of Manuel Merino. She previously held the position from February 2004 to July 2006, and was briefly Minister of the Interior from July 2006 to February 2007, being the first woman to reach said position in the Peruvian government.

COVID-19 pandemic in Peru
The COVID-19 pandemic in Peru has resulted in 4,533,436 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 221,067 deaths. The virus spread to Peru on 6 March 2020, when a 25-year-old man who had travelled to Spain, France, and the Czech Republic tested positive. On 15 March 2020, President Martín Vizcarra announced a country-wide lockdown, closing borders, restricting domestic flights, and forbidding nonessential business operations, excluding health facilities, grocery stores, pharmacies, and banks. As of May 2023, Peru has the highest COVID-19 death rate in the world, with over 6,400 deaths per one million citizens.
Gleidorf
Gleidorf is a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg in the High Sauerland District in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The village has 1371 inhabitants and lies in the east of the municipality of Schmallenberg at a height of around 393 m. The river Lenne flows through the village. In the village centre the B 236 federal road meets the B 511.  Gleidorf borders on the villages of Schmallenberg, Bad Fredeburg, Grafschaft, Holthausen and Winkhausen.

The first written document mentioning Gleidorf dates from 1072 in a charter from Grafschaft Abbey of bishop Anno of Cologne. The village used to belong to the municipality of Grafschaft in Amt Schmallenberg until the end of 1974.

Schmallenberg
Schmallenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃmalənbɛʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Smalmereg) is a town and a climatic health resort in the High Sauerland District, Germany. By area, it is the third biggest of all cities and towns of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the second biggest of the region of Westphalia.

With small Schmallenberg central town and the rural Bad Fredeburg Kneipp health resort the town has two urban settlements. Additionally, 82 villages and hamlets belong to the town's territory. Also being called “the Schmallenberg Sauerland”, the Town of Schmallenberg is famous for its total of five health resorts and nine villages which have been awarded gold for their beauty in the nationwide “Our village has a future” contest.
Villa Independencia Airport
Villa Independencia Airport (ICAO: SUFB) is an airport serving the Uruguay River port town of Fray Bentos in the Río Negro Department of Uruguay. The airport is on the south edge of the town.

The Gualeguaychu VOR-DME (Ident: GUA) is located 18.0 nautical miles (33 km) west-northwest of the airport.

Fray Bentos
Fray Bentos (Spanish pronunciation: [fɾaj ˈβentos]) is the capital city of the Río Negro Department, in south-western Uruguay, at the Argentina-Uruguay border, near the Argentine city of Gualeguaychú. Its port on the Uruguay River is one of the nation's most important harbours. The city hosts the first campus of the Technological University, beside the historically relevant industrial complex Anglo, a World Heritage Site, however, the Port is mainly famous for giving the name to the world renowned Fray Bentos pies.

One of the biggest pulp mills in the world is situated close to Fray Bentos and the Libertador General San Martín Bridge; it was the center of the largest political dispute between Uruguay and Argentina during the 21st century.
Tongdao Pinghua
The Tongdao Pinghua is a variety of Guibei Pinghua (桂北平话) influenced by Kam (Dong). It is spoken by about 25,000 people in Tongdao Dong Autonomous County, Hunan, China (Shi 2015:137).

Although Tongdao Pinghua speakers are classified by the Chinese government as ethnic Han, the speakers consider themselves to be a distinct ethnic group, and neither Han nor Kam.

Pinghua
Pinghua is a pair of Sinitic languages spoken mainly in parts of Guangxi, with some speakers in Hunan. Pinghua is a trade language in some areas of Guangxi, spoken as a second language by speakers of Zhuang languages. Some speakers are officially classified as Zhuang, and many are genetically distinct from most other Han Chinese. The northern subgroup is centered on Guilin and the southern subgroup around Nanning. The Southern dialect has several notable features such as having four distinct checked tones, and using various loanwords from the Zhuang languages, such as the final particle wei for imperative sentences.
1996 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior women's race
The Junior women's race at the 1996 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Stellenbosch, South Africa, at the Danie Craven Stadium on March 23, 1996.  A preview on the event was given in the Herald, and a report in The New York Times.

Complete results, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.

1996 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 1996 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Stellenbosch, South Africa, at the Danie Craven Stadium on March 23, 1996.  A preview on the event was given in the Herald, and a report in The New York Times.

Complete results for senior men, junior men, senior women, junior women, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.
Jonathan Lisecki
Jonathan Lisecki (born 1976) is an American producer, director, writer and actor. Originally from the Bronx, Lisecki comes from an Irish background. He studied theater in college and initially worked as an actor. He was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay for his film Gayby. It was adapted from a short that he created in 2010. His sexuality is gay and married New Yorker music critic Alex Ross in Canada in 2006.

Alex Ross (music critic)
Alex Ross (born January 12, 1968) is an American music critic and author who specializes in classical music. Ross has been a staff member of The New Yorker magazine since 1996. His extensive writings include performance and record reviews, industry updates, cultural commentary, and historical narratives in the realm of classical music. He has written three well-received books: The Rest Is Noise: Listening to the Twentieth Century (2007), Listen to This (2011), and Wagnerism: Art and Politics in the Shadow of Music (2020).

A graduate of Harvard University and student of composer Peter Lieberson, from 1992 to 1996 Ross was a critic for The New York Times. He has received wide acclaim for his publications; The Rest Is Noise was a finalist for the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, and his other awards and honors include a MacArthur Fellowship and the Belmont Prize. He maintains a popular classical music blog, The Rest is Noise.
Stimulus control
In behavioral psychology, stimulus control is a phenomenon in operant conditioning that occurs when an organism behaves in one way in the presence of a given stimulus and another way in its absence. A stimulus that modifies behavior in this manner is either a discriminative stimulus or stimulus delta. For example, the presence of a stop sign at a traffic intersection alerts the driver to stop driving and increases the probability that braking behavior occurs. Stimulus control does not force behavior to occur, as it is a direct result of historical reinforcement contingencies, as opposed to reflexive behavior elicited through classical conditioning.

Some theorists believe that all behavior is under some form of stimulus control. For example, in the analysis of B. F. Skinner, verbal behavior is a complicated assortment of behaviors with a variety of controlling stimuli.

Verbal Behavior
Verbal Behavior is a 1957 book by psychologist B. F. Skinner, in which he describes what he calls verbal behavior, or what was traditionally called linguistics. Skinner's work describes the controlling elements of verbal behavior with terminology invented for the analysis - echoics, mands, tacts, autoclitics and others - as well as carefully defined uses of ordinary terms such as audience.
Boyle–Workman family
The Boyle–Workman family relates to the pioneer interconnected Boyle and Workman families that were prominent in: the history of colonial Pueblo de Los Angeles and American Los Angeles; the Los Angeles Basin and San Gabriel Valley regions; and Southern California from 1830 to 1930 in Mexican Alta California and the subsequent state of California.

Boyle Workman
Andrew Boyle Workman (September 20, 1868 – December 25, 1942) was a Los Angeles politician and businessman. He served as President of the Los Angeles City Council and, as such, was acting Mayor on occasion. He was the first city councilman to represent District 4 (Wilshire ward), under the new charter of 1925. He was a candidate for mayor in 1929.
MANSUP (missile family)
MANSUP are a Brazilian-Emirati family of all-weather, over-the-horizon anti-ship, surface-to-air and land-attack cruise missiles, that evolved into a broad range of weapons from an early-2000s original design of a anti-ship missile that aimed to achieve performance similar to the MBDA MM40 Exocet Block II. The name MANSUP stands for "Míssil Antinavio Nacional" in Portuguese.

SIATT
Sistemas Integrados de Alto Teor Tecnológico (SIATT) is a Brazilian arms company founded in 2017 and headquartered in São Paulo. It primarily develops and manufactures precision-guided munitions. It supplies missiles and training to the Brazilian Armed Forces.