hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Rostelecom Cup
The 2011 Rostelecom Cup was the final event of six in the 2011–12 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Ice Palace Megasport in Moscow on November 24–27. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2011–12 Grand Prix Final.

2011–12 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2011–12 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final was an international figure skating competition in the 2011–12 season. The ISU Junior Grand Prix Final was organized together with the senior event. The two competitions were the culmination of two international series, the 2011–12 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating for senior-level skaters and the 2011–12 ISU Junior Grand Prix for juniors.

The competitions were held in Quebec City, Canada at the Pavillon de la Jeunesse, from December 8–11, 2011. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior and junior levels.
Hadji Mustafa Pasha
Hadji Mustafa Pasha[a] (1733–27 December 1801) was the Vizier of the Sanjak of Smederevo ("Belgrade Pashalik", modern-day central Serbia) from 1793 to 1801. He was murdered on 27 December 1801 by the renegade Janissaries known as the Dahije who had taken control of the sanjak.

Sanjak of Smederevo
The Sanjak of Smederevo, also known in historiography as the Pashalik of Belgrade,[a] was an Ottoman administrative unit (sanjak) centered on Smederevo, that existed between the 15th and the outset of the 19th centuries. It was located in the territory of present-day Central Serbia.
2007 Tennis Channel Open and the Mirage Cup
The 2007 Tennis Channel Open was a tennis event on the 2007 ATP Tour. Lleyton Hewitt, who was the 2006 runner-up, was the singles champion, while Bob and Mike Bryan were the doubles champions. The event was held in Las Vegas, Nevada at the Darling Tennis Center. It was the twentieth Tennis Channel Open, but just the second to be held in Las Vegas. The ITF women's competition was won by Caroline Wozniacki in singles and by Victoria Azarenka and Tatiana Poutchek for doubles.

2007 ATP Tour
The 2007 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2007 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.
UK Space Agency
The UK Space Agency (UKSA) is an executive agency of the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for the United Kingdom's civil space programme. It was established on 1 April 2010 to replace the British National Space Centre (BNSC) and took over responsibility for government policy and key budgets for space exploration; it represents the United Kingdom in all negotiations on space matters. The agency "[brings] together all UK civil space activities under one single management", and is based at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus near Didcot, Oxfordshire, England.

In August 2025, the UK government announced that the agency would be absorbed into the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in April 2026, although its name would be retained.

Executive agency
An executive agency is a part of a government department that is treated as managerially and budgetarily separate, to carry out some part of the executive functions of the United Kingdom government, Scottish Government, Welsh Government or Northern Ireland Executive. Executive agencies are "machinery of government" devices distinct both from non-ministerial government departments and non-departmental public bodies (or "quangos"), each of which enjoy legal and constitutional separation from ministerial control.  The model has been applied in several other countries.
HP Neoview
HP Neoview was a data warehouse and business intelligence computer server line based on the Hewlett-Packard NonStop line. It acted as a database server, providing NonStop OS and NonStop SQL, but lacked the transaction processing functionality of the original NonStop systems.

The line was retired, and no longer marketed, as of January 24, 2011.

NonStop SQL
NonStop SQL is a commercial relational database management system that is designed for fault tolerance and scalability, currently offered by Hewlett Packard Enterprise. The latest version is SQL/MX 3.4.

The product was originally developed by Tandem Computers. Tandem was acquired by Compaq in 1997. Compaq was later acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 2002. When Hewlett-Packard split in 2015 into HP Inc. and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, NonStop SQL and the rest of the NonStop product line went to Hewlett Packard Enterprise.

The product primarily is used for online transaction processing and is tailored for organizations that need high availability and scalability for their database system. Typical users of the product are stock exchanges, telecommunications, POS, and bank ATM networks.
Hay Mills
Hay Mills is an area of east Birmingham, England straddling the A45 Coventry Road about 3 miles (5 km) south east of the city centre. North of the Coventry Road is mainly residential whereas the south is mixed residential and commercial. The area was subsumed into Birmingham in 1911.

Penns Hall
Penns Hall is a building on Penns Lane, Walmley, Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham, England,  operated as a hotel and country club by Ramada International. The complex is now closed to the public due to the housing of asylum seekers. It is a Grade B locally listed building, and is licensed as a venue for civil marriages and civil partnerships.

Plants Brook, a tributary of the River Tame, flows through its grounds. A long pool formed by the damming of Plants Brook named Penns Lake is also part of the hotel grounds. This is today used as a carp fishing lake operated by Fosters Fisheries.
Neo-Inca State
The Neo-Inca State, also known as the Neo-Inca state of Vilcabamba, was the Inca state established in 1537 at Vilcabamba by Manco Inca Yupanqui (the son of Inca emperor Huayna Capac). It is considered a rump state of the Inca Empire (1438–1533), which collapsed after the Spanish conquest in the mid-1530s. The Neo-Inca State lasted until 1572, when the last Inca stronghold was conquered, and the last ruler, Túpac Amaru (Manco's son), was captured and executed, thus ending the political authority of the Inca state.

Rump state
A rump state is the remnant of a once much larger state that was reduced in the wake of annexation, occupation,  secession, decolonization, a successful coup d'état or revolution on part of its former territory. In the last case, a government stops short of going into exile because it controls parts of its remaining territories.
2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The election to the 17th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly was held from 11 February to 8 March 2017 in 7 phases. This election saw a voter turnout of 61.11% compared to 59.40% in the previous election. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a landslide victory of 325 seats despite not projecting a chief ministerial candidate before the election. As part of its election strategy, BJP contested under a collective leadership and capitalised mostly on the political clout and 'brand' of its leader Narendra Modi.

On 18 March 2017, Yogi Adityanath was appointed as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Then Uttar Pradesh BJP chief Keshav Prasad Maurya and Dinesh Sharma were appointed as Deputy Chief Ministers.

2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2012 Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly election followed as a result the expiration of the five-year term of the previous legislature elected in Uttar Pradesh, India. The election to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly was held in seven phases from 8 February through 3 March 2012.  Uttar Pradesh has the world's largest population for a sub-national democracy. The incumbent chief minister Mayawati's Bahujan Samaj Party, which previously won an absolute majority of seats, was defeated by Mulayam Singh Yadav's Samajwadi Party, which gained an absolute majority in the election. Mulayam's son and Samajwadi party state president Akhilesh Yadav was nominated as chief minister by the party.
Philip Augustus Knaut
Philip Augustus Knaut (1716 – December 28, 1781) was a German-born merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He was a member of the 1st to 5th Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1758 to 1781, representing Lunenburg.

He was born in the Electorate of Saxony and first came to Nova Scotia with Edward Cornwallis in 1749. In 1750, he married Anna Grob. Knaut settled in Lunenburg in 1753, where he became one of the first shopkeepers there. He was justice of the peace, an officer in the militia and coroner; he also operated a sawmill. Benjamin Gerrish chose Knaut as his agent at Lunenburg for trading with the First Nations people. Knaut married Jane Brimner in 1781 after the death of his first wife. He died in office in Lunenburg. John Newton, collector of impost and excise at Halifax, who had married Knaut's daughter Catherine, inherited control of Knaut's estate.

His widow married John Bolman, who also served in the provincial assembly.

John Newton (Nova Scotia politician)
John Newton (1727 – August 22, 1811) was a surveyor, official and political figure in Nova Scotia. He served as a member of the 2nd General Assembly of Nova Scotia for Annapolis Township and then represented Halifax County from 1770 to 1772 and Lunenburg County 1775–1785.

He was the son of Hibbert Newton and Hannah Adams, the daughter of John Adams. Newton served as collector of impost and excise at Halifax and as a justice of the peace. He was married twice: first to Margaret, the daughter of Benjamin Green (Margaret is buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)), in 1759 and then to Catherine, the daughter of Philip Augustus Knaut, in 1775. His seat in the assembly was declared vacant in 1772 due to non-attendance.

His brother Henry also served in the assembly and married a daughter of Benjamin Green.
La Chapelle-Rousselin
La Chapelle-Rousselin (French pronunciation: [la ʃapɛl ʁuslɛ̃] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department of western France.

On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d'Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry and  Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.

Sainte-Christine, Maine-et-Loire
Sainte-Christine (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t kʁistin] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. Its population was 748 in 2022.

On 15 December 2015, Chanzeaux, La Chapelle-Rousselin, Chemillé-Melay, Cossé-d'Anjou, La Jumellière, Neuvy-en-Mauges, Sainte-Christine, Saint-Georges-des-Gardes, Saint-Lézin, La Salle-de-Vihiers, La Tourlandry and  Valanjou merged becoming one commune called Chemillé-en-Anjou.
Richmond, Rhode Island
Richmond is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 8,020 at the 2020 census. It contains the villages of Alton, Arcadia, Barberville, Carolina, Hillsdale, Kenyon, Shannock, Tug Hollow, Usquepaug, Wood River Junction, Woodville, and Wyoming. Students from the Town of Richmond are part of the Chariho Regional School District, a school district shared between Charlestown and Hopkinton, Rhode Island.

Washington County, Rhode Island
Washington County, known to Rhode Islanders as South County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 129,839. Rhode Island counties have no governmental functions other than as court administrative boundaries, which are part of the state government.
Fonyód
Fonyód (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈfoɲoːd]; German: Fonjod) is a town and holiday resort on the southern shore of Lake Balaton, in north-west Somogy County, western Hungary, with over 4,700 residents. It is the seat of Fonyód District.

Lake Balaton
Lake Balaton (Hungarian: [ˈbɒlɒton]) is a freshwater rift lake in the Transdanubian region of Hungary. It is the largest lake in Central Europe, and one of the region's foremost tourist destinations. The Zala River provides the largest inflow of water to the lake, and the canalized Sió is the only outflow.

The mountainous region of the northern shore is known both for its historic character and as a major wine region, while the flat southern shore is known for its resort towns. Balatonfüred and Hévíz developed early as resorts for the wealthy, but it was not until the late 19th century when landowners, ruined by Phylloxera attacking their grape vines, began building summer homes to rent out to the burgeoning middle class.
Grevillea 'Honey Gem'
Grevillea 'Honey Gem' is a grevillea cultivar originating from Queensland in Australia.

It is a shrub that grows up to 6 m (20 ft) in height and has deeply divided dark green leaves that are approximately 29 cm (11 in) long and 24 cm (9 in) wide The inflorescences are yellowish orange racemes that are about 16 cm (6 in) long and 8 cm (3 in) wide. Flowers occur mainly in winter and spring.

The cultivar is a cross between Grevillea banksii (red form) and Grevillea pteridifolia. The original plant was obtained as a seedling of Grevillea pteridifolia by Cherrel Jerks of Taringa in Brisbane, Queensland.

It is a very vigorous cultivar and reliable in most gardens, though it flowers for only 6 months of the year or so.  Needing a well-drained soil, it is otherwise vulnerable to 'collar rot'.

Grevillea pteridifolia
Grevillea pteridifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is also known by many common names, including golden grevillea, silky grevillea, fern-leaved grevillea, golden parrot tree, golden tree, manbulu, yawuny and tjummula. It is a shrub or tree usually with pinnatisect leaves, and bright orange-yellow or reddish flowers.
Don Host Oblast
Don Host Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Russian Empire which consisted of the territory of the Don Cossacks, coinciding approximately with present-day Rostov Oblast in Russia. Its administrative center was Cherkassk, and later Novocherkassk.

It comprised the areas where the Don Cossack Host settled in the Russian Empire. From 1786, the territory was officially named Don Host Land (Russian: Земля Войска Донского, romanized: Zemlya Voyska Donskogo), renamed Don Host Oblast in 1870.

During 1914, the oblast, with an area of 164,000 km², had about 3.9 million inhabitants. Of these, 55% (2.1 million) were Cossacks in possession of all the land; the remaining 45% of the population being townsfolk and agricultural guest labourers from other parts of Russia.

It was abolished in 1920; from the major part of it the Don Oblast of the RSFSR was created, which was incorporated into the North Caucasus Krai in 1924.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Monica Rappaccini
Monica Rappaccini is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Fred Van Lente and Leonard Kirk, the character first appeared in Amazing Fantasy vol. 2 #7 (2005). Monica Rappaccini is a genius-level biochemist and the Scientist Supreme of the supervillain organization A.I.M.

Hawkeye (Clint Barton)
Hawkeye (Clinton Francis "Clint" Barton) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Don Heck, the character first appeared as a supervillain in Tales of Suspense #57 (September 1964) and later joined the Avengers as a superhero in The Avengers #16 (May 1965). He has since been a prominent member of several Avengers teams, founding the West Coast Avengers, briefly marrying and subsequently divorcing Bobbi Morse / Mockingbird, adopting the Ronin alias after his death and resurrection before mentoring Kate Bishop as his successor as Hawkeye. He was also ranked at #44 on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes list.

Jeremy Renner plays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016), and Avengers: Endgame (2019), the animated series What If...? (2021), and the television miniseries Hawkeye (2021).
Turkish alphabet
The Turkish alphabet (Turkish: Türk alfabesi or Türk abecesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş and Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language. This alphabet represents modern Turkish pronunciation with a high degree of accuracy and specificity. Mandated in 1928 as part of Atatürk's Reforms, it is the current official alphabet and the latest in a series of distinct alphabets used in different eras.

The Turkish alphabet has been the model for the official Latinization of several Turkic languages formerly written in the Arabic or Cyrillic script like Azerbaijani (1991), Turkmen (1993), and recently Kazakh (2021).

Ruşen Eşref Ünaydın
Ruşen Eşref Ünaydın (1892–1959) was a Turkish linguist, politician, journalist, diplomat, author, and scholar of writer. He contributed to Süs, a women's magazine, between 1923 and 1924. Ünaydın was a member of the commission that introduced the modern Turkish alphabet. He was also one of the founders and the first secretary general (1933) of the Turkish Language Association. He was appointed as the ambassador to Albania (1934), Hungary (1939–1943), Italy (1943–1944), the United Kingdom (1944–1945), and Greece (1945–1952).

Ünaydın was a pioneer in Turkish literature and journalism due to the interviews he published in 1917 and 1918. Considered the first modern features in Turkish newspapers, they were later published as a book entitled "Diyorlar Ki" (Thus They Said).
Landriano
Landriano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Pavia.

Landriano borders the following municipalities: Bascapè, Carpiano, Siziano, Torrevecchia Pia and Vidigulfo. It is located on the left shore of the Lambro, which here forms an islet which is the site of the old town's castle.

In 1529 it was the location of the battle of Landriano between France and Spain.

Vidigulfo
Vidigulfo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 km southeast of Milan and about 15 km northeast of Pavia.

Vidigulfo borders the following municipalities: Bornasco, Ceranova, Lacchiarella, Landriano, Marzano, Siziano, Torrevecchia Pia.
Vertical After
Vertical After was a thrash metal/pop punk band based in Canada and the United States. The band was notable for their elaborate videos that aired on Canada's Much Music nationwide music television station. The band recorded four albums.

They spent much of the period between 1989 and 2003 performing in clubs in the United States, Canada and Europe. Vertical After toured North America promoting their videos and albums including 1999's Pop Goes Death, mixed by Doug Pinnick of King's X, and 2002's Bloody Murdo, co-produced by Stuart Carruthers of Grip Inc. They were the opening act for Twisted Sister in New York, Iron Maiden's lead vocalist Bruce Dickinson in Los Angeles, Ice-T's Body Count and other acts including King's X.

The band received positive and mixed reviews for their music. After the band's hiatus in 2003, Kick and Markus McCallum formed Stress Factor 9 with members of the band Annihilator, including Randy Rampage.

Stress Factor 9
Stress Factor 9 was a Canadian thrash metal band from Vancouver, formed in 2005. SF9's members include frontman Randy Rampage (founder of the hardcore band D.O.A., and singer of thrash metal band Annihilator.) and drummer Ray Hartmann (also of Annihilator.) with guitarist Kick (Vertical After), and their most recent lineup included Frank Frightful (of Singapore punk legends Opposition Party), and Duane Chaos (22nd Century).

The band has one CD (Brainwarp Mindspin) and last played in January 2007.  They have not performed since the last ill-fated tour to Philadelphia which left Frank Fright, Duane Chaos and Kick stranded in the middle of the winter when Randy Rampage and Ray Hartmann were refused entry into the United States.  The band ended up cancelling six shows immediately including several sold out shows with Overkill in Virginia.   Since that tour, the band has not played publicly as Kick pursued a career in USA political organizing.
Sémillon
Sémillon (French pronunciation: [semijɔ̃] ⓘ) is a golden-skinned grape used to make dry and sweet white wines, mostly in France and Australia. Its thin skin and susceptibility to botrytis make it dominate the sweet wine region Sauternes AOC and Barsac AOC.

Muscadelle
Muscadelle (French pronunciation: [myskadɛl] ⓘ) is a white wine grape variety. It has a simple aroma of grape juice and raisins like grapes of the Muscat family of grapes, but it is unrelated.

DNA analysis has indicated that Muscadelle is a cross between Gouais blanc and an unidentified grape variety.
Għaxaq Semaphore Tower
The Għaxaq Semaphore Tower (Maltese: It-Torri tas-Semaforu ta' Ħal Għaxaq), known locally as it-Turretta (the turret), is a semaphore tower in the town of Għaxaq, Malta. It was built by the British in 1848, as one of three semaphore towers in Malta. The tower is now leased to the Għaxaq Local Council, which plans to restore it.

Għaxaq
Għaxaq (Maltese: Ħal Għaxaq, pronounced [ħɐl ˈɐˤːʃɐʔ]) is a village in the Southern Region of Malta, with a population of 5,538 as of November 2021. The surrounding areas are predominantly used for agriculture.

The village's name likely originates from the surname of a local noble family, Axiaq (also spelt Axiak or Asciak), who were feudal landholders in the 14th century.
Cabrils
Cabrils (Catalan pronunciation: [kəˈβɾils]) is a city and municipality in the comarca of Maresme in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It is situated between the municipalities of Vilassar de Mar, Vilassar de Dalt, Òrrius, Argentona and Cabrera de Mar, about ten kilometres from Mataró, the comarca capital.

Cabrils is surrounded by the hills of Cirers and Montcabrer, among abundant forests of pines and holm oaks and is largely dominated by housing developments.

Òrrius
Òrrius (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈɔriws]) is a village and municipality in the comarca of Maresme in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality is delimited by La Roca del Vallès to the North, Vilassar de Dalt to the South East, Argentona to the south, and Cabrils to the southwest.