hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
U.S. Route 431 in Alabama
U.S. Route 431 (US 431), internally designated by the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) as State Route 1 (SR 1), is a major north–south state highway across the eastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. Although US 431's south end is in Dothan, SR 1 continues south for about 13 miles (21 km) along US 231 to the Florida state line.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Treasure (band)
Treasure (Korean: 트레저; Japanese: トレジャー; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean boy band formed in 2019 by YG Entertainment through YG Treasure Box (2018–2019); and consists of 10 members: Choi Hyun-suk, Jihoon, Yoshi, Junkyu, Yoon Jae-hyuk, Asahi, Doyoung, Haruto, Park Jeong-woo, and So Jung-hwan. Treasure debuted with the single album The First Step: Chapter One (2020)—the first in a tetralogy of albums which collectively sold over one million copies in five months.

Reboot (Treasure album)
Reboot is the second studio album from the South Korean boy band Treasure, released on July 28, 2023, by YG Entertainment and Columbia Records. The album consists of 10 tracks and was supported by the pre-release single "Move" and the lead single "Bona Bona".
Mezzanotte d'amore
Mezzanotte d'amore (Italian for Midnight of love) is a 1970 Italian musicarello romantic comedy film directed by Ettore Maria Fizzarotti and starring Al Bano and Romina Power. It is the sequel of Il suo nome è Donna Rosa.

Musicarello
The musicarello (pronounced [muzikaˈrɛllo]; pl.: musicarelli) is a film subgenre which emerged in Italy and which is characterised by the presence in main roles of young singers, already famous among their peers, and their new record album. In the films there are almost always tender and chaste love stories accompanied by the desire to have fun and dance without thoughts. Musicarelli reflect the desire and need for emancipation of young Italians, highlighting some generational frictions. The genre began in the late 1950s, and had its peak of production in the 1960s.
Watertown Yard
Watertown Carhouse is a bus maintenance facility and former streetcar carhouse located in the southern section of Watertown, Massachusetts, across the Charles River from Watertown Square. As Watertown Yard, the site also serves as a bus depot serving local and express routes 52, 57, and 504, with additional connections available at Watertown Square station on the opposite end of the Watertown Bridge. The yard parking lot is available as commuter parking for riders.

Watertown Bridge
The Watertown Bridge is a five-lane bridge over the Charles River, carrying Massachusetts State Route 16 (SR 16) and Galen Street.  It connects Watertown Square on the north side and Watertown Yard on the south side of Watertown, Massachusetts.  Pedestrian walkways line each side.
Proline
Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group -NH2 but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the protonated form (NH2+) under biological conditions, while the carboxyl group is in the deprotonated −COO− form. The "side chain" from the α carbon connects to the nitrogen forming a pyrrolidine loop, classifying it as a aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting with CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG).

Proline is the only proteinogenic amino acid which is a secondary amine, as the nitrogen atom is attached both to the α-carbon and to a chain of three carbons that together form a five-membered ring.

Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.
Skardsøya
Skardsøya is an island in Aure Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 52.3-square-kilometre (20.2 sq mi) island is located along the Trondheimsleia strait in the northeastern part of the municipality, just east of the island of Grisvågøya and north and west of the mainland. The island is connected to the mainland to the east by the Dromnessund Bridge and to the south by the Torsetsund Bridge. In 2015, the island had about 332 residents living on it.

The Mellandsvågen Nature Reserve and Melland Nature Reserve are located on the western part of the island.

Aure Municipality
Aure is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the region of Nordmøre. The administrative centre is the village of Aure. Other villages in Aure include Gullstein, Stemshaug, Todalen, Tjeldbergodden, Arasvika, Vågosen, and Tømmervåg. Aure has one of the largest wooden churches in Norway, Aure Church.

The 641-square-kilometre (247 sq mi) municipality is the 179th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Aure Municipality is the 218th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,408. The municipality's population density is 5.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (14/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 4.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Tuya
A tuya is a flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet. They are rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were covered by glaciers and had active volcanism during the same period.

As lava that erupts under a glacier cools very quickly and cannot travel far, it piles up into a steep-sided hill. If the eruption continues long enough, it either melts all the ice or emerges through the top of the ice and then creates normal-looking lava flows that make a flat cap on top of the hill. Discovering and dating the lava flows in a tuya has proven useful in reconstructing past glacial ice extents and thicknesses.

Bill Mathews
William Henry Mathews (1919–2003) was a Canadian geologist, volcanologist, engineer, and professor. He is considered a pioneer in the study of subglacial eruptions and volcano-ice interactions in North America. Many of his publications continue to be regarded as classics in their field.
Wildenmannlisloch
Wildenmannlisloch (also Wildmannlisloch, lit. 'little wild man's hole')  is an Alpine limestone karst cave in the municipality of  Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann, in the Toggenburg region of the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, on the northern slope of the Churfirsten range (ca. 2 km [1.2 mi] due north of Selun) peak, at an elevation of 1,640 metres (5,380 ft) a.s.l.

Selun
The Selun is one of the peaks of the Churfirsten range, located in the Appenzell Alps. It lies between the valley of Toggenburg and Lake Walenstadt in the canton of St. Gallen. The summit is easily accessible by a trail on the northern side.
West Africa Cricket Council
The West Africa Cricket Council was a regional body which organised cricket teams from Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone.

It ceased to exist in 1997 with the formation of the African Cricket Association, which now oversees all cricket administration across the African continent.

The West African Cricket Council organised a unified team called the West African Cricket Team. They never managed to qualify for the ICC Cricket World Cup, although they competed in the ICC Trophy on three occasions.

The team was an associate member of the ICC from 1976 until 2003, when the member states of the West African Cricket Council came under the administration of the newly formed African Cricket Association.

West Africa cricket team
The West African cricket team was a team representing the countries of Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone in international cricket whilst they were an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) between 1976 and 2003. They played in the ICC Trophy on three occasions, in 1982, 1994 and 1997, withdrawing shortly before the start of the 2001 tournament. The team was broken up into its constituent parts in 2003, with Nigeria becoming an associate member of the ICC, the other three affiliates.
Lollia Saturnina
Lollia Saturnina (c.10-41) was a Roman noble woman who lived in the Roman Empire in the 1st century. She was the sister of the Roman empress Lollia Paulina and was a mistress of the Roman emperor Caligula.

Decimus Valerius Asiaticus
Decimus Valerius Asiaticus (around 5 BC – 47 AD, Greek: Δέκιμος Οὐαλέριος Ἀσιατικός) was a prominent Roman senator of provincial origin. Asiaticus was twice consul: first in 35 as suffect consul with Aulus Gabinius Secundus as his colleague; second in 46 as ordinary consul with Marcus Junius Silanus as his colleague. He was the first man from Gaul to be admitted into the Roman Senate, as well as the first man from Gaul to attain the consulship.
Columbus-style pizza
Columbus-style pizza is an American regional pizza style associated with Columbus, Ohio. It has a circular shape, pieces cut into short or long rectangles, thin or no crust, dense toppings that cover the surface, and, usually, provolone cheese and a slightly sweet sauce. It was developed in the early 1950s.

Pizza in the United States
Pizza was introduced to the United States in the 1890s along with waves of Italian immigrants who settled primarily in the larger cities of the Northeast, such as New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Baltimore. Pizza and pizzerias rapidly grew in popularity in the late 1940s.

During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became an iconic food with considerable acceptance in the United States. Numerous regional variations have evolved, with many bearing only a casual resemblance to the Italian original. Pizza is a popular item produced by many small restaurants as well as several large pizza restaurant chains. The United States pizza restaurant industry was worth $37 billion in 2015.
Kaikorai Stream
The Kaikorai Stream is a short river which runs through the city of Dunedin, in New Zealand's South Island. The stream has origins in the northwestern suburbs of Dunedin, flowing southwest towards the Kaikorai Lagoon.

Originally named Kaikarae by Ngāi Tahu Māori referencing an event where the stream was a place where petrels were caught and eaten, the stream became highly modified during European settlement, and developed a reputation for poor water quality.

Roslyn Woollen Mill
Roslyn Woollen Mill (also known as Roslyn Worsted and Woollen Mills) is a historic textile manufacturing complex in the Kaikorai Valley, Dunedin, New Zealand. Established in 1879 by Ross & Glendining, it became one of the largest industrial operations in the country during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Although textile production ceased in 1980, the majority of the original red-brick buildings remain and have been repurposed for modern commercial use.
Lady Sanjō
Lady Sanjō (三条の方, Sanjō no kata) (1521 – August 29, 1570) was a Japanese noblewoman who lived during the Sengoku period. She was the wife of the daimyo, Takeda Shingen. Her name is unknown and records only refer to her as Lady Sanjō.

Takeda Shingen
Takeda Shingen (武田 信玄; December 1, 1521 – May 13, 1573) was a Japanese samurai who was daimyo of Kai Province during the Sengoku period. Known as the "Tiger of Kai", he was one of the most powerful daimyo of the late Sengoku period, despite being based in a poor area with little arable land and no access to the sea.
Agondji
Agondji is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djidja. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6,748.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Aurore Trayan
Aurore Trayan (born 11 May 1980) is an athlete from France.  She competes in archery.

Trayan represented France at the 2004 Summer Olympics.  She placed 60th in the women's individual ranking round with a 72-arrow score of 594.  In the first round of elimination, she faced 6th-ranked Zhang Juanjuan of China.  Trayan lost 135-122 in the 18-arrow match, placing 59th overall in women's individual archery.

Trayan was also a member of the 4th-place French team in the women's team archery competition.

She stopped recurve archery in 2005 and started compound. She won the European individual FITA compound women championships in 2008 in Vittel.

Zhang Juanjuan
Zhang Juanjuan (simplified Chinese: 张娟娟; traditional Chinese: 張娟娟; pinyin: Zhāng Juānjuān; born 2 January 1981, in Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China) is an archer from the People's Republic of China.
Seafood (band)
Seafood were a UK band formed in London around 1996.

The line-up included chief songwriter David Line (vocals, guitar), Caroline Banks (drums and backing vocals) and Kevin Penney (guitars) who joined the band following the departure of founder-member Charles MacLeod. Bassist and founder member Kevin Hendrick left the group to join Pre/Male Bonding following the recording of their fourth album Paper Crown King in 2006, and was not permanently replaced. Cahir O'Doherty, from Fighting with Wire and Jetplane Landing, played bass on numerous tours.

Pre (band)
Pre are an English band signed to Skin Graft Records. It is based in London and was formed around 2005. Pre includes former members of Todd and Seafood. Guitar player John Webb is also a member of the noise rock band Male Bonding along with Kevin Hendrick.
Declaration of Geneva
The Declaration of Geneva was adopted by the General Assembly of the World Medical Association at Geneva in 1948, amended in 1968, 1983, 1994, editorially revised in 2005 and 2006 and amended in 2017.

It is a declaration of a physician's dedication to the humanitarian goals of medicine, a declaration that was especially important in view of the medical crimes which had just been committed in German-occupied Europe. The Declaration of Geneva was intended as a revision of the Hippocratic Oath to a formulation of that oath's moral truths that could be comprehended and acknowledged in a modern way. Unlike the case of the Oath of Hippocrates, the World Medical Association calls the statement a "pledge".

Hippocratic Oath
The Hippocratic Oath is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians. It is one of the most widely known of Greek medical texts. In its original form, it requires a new physician to swear, by a number of healing gods, to uphold specific ethical standards. The oath is the earliest expression of medical ethics in the Western world, establishing several principles of medical ethics which remain of paramount significance today. These include the principles of medical confidentiality and non-maleficence. As the foundational expression of certain principles that continue to guide and inform medical practice, the ancient text is of more than historic and symbolic value. It is enshrined in the legal statutes of various jurisdictions, such that violations of the oath may carry criminal or other liability beyond the oath's symbolic nature.
HMS Cordelia (1914)
HMS Cordelia was a C-class light cruiser built for the Royal Navy during World War I. She was one of six ships of the Caroline sub-class and was completed at the beginning of 1915. The ship was assigned to the 1st and 4th Light Cruiser Squadrons (LCS) of the Grand Fleet for the entire war and played a minor role in the Battle of Jutland in mid-1916. Cordelia spent most of her time on uneventful patrols of the North Sea. She served as a training ship for most of 1919 before she was recommissioned for service with the Atlantic Fleet in 1920. The ship was placed in reserve at the end of 1922 and was sold for scrap in mid-1923.

C-class cruiser
The C class was a group of twenty-eight light cruisers of the Royal Navy, and were built in seven groups known as the Caroline class (six ships), the Calliope class (two ships), the Cambrian class (four ships), the Centaur class (two ships), the Caledon class (four ships), the Ceres class (five ships) and the Carlisle class (five ships). They were built for the rough conditions of the North Sea, and proved to be rugged and capable vessels, despite being somewhat small and cramped.
Mpho Phalatse
Mpho Louisa Phalatse (born 7 November 1977) is a South African medical doctor and politician who was the  Executive Mayor of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. A member of the Democratic Alliance, she served in the position from 22 November 2021 until her ousting in a motion of no-confidence on 26 January 2023. She is the first woman to serve as mayor of the metropolitan municipality, which was established in 2000. She is the first black woman to serve as mayor of the city of Johannesburg and only the second female mayor of the city after Jessie McPherson, who served from 1945 to 1946.

From 2016 to 2019, Phalatse had served as the member of the mayoral committee (MMC) in Johannesburg for Health and Social Development.

Dada Morero
Sello Enoch Dada Morero is a South African politician who has been the Mayor of Johannesburg since 16 August 2024, a position which he previously held for 25 days, from 30 September 2022 until 25 October 2022 when the erstwhile Mayor, Mpho Phalatse, was reinstated through the courts. Morero is the regional chairperson of the African National Congress in Johannesburg.
San Nicolas, Pangasinan
San Nicolas, officially the Municipality of San Nicolas (Pangasinan: Baley na San Nicolas; Ilocano: Ili ti San Nicolas; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Nicolas), is a landlocked municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 40,144 people.

Tayug
Tayug, officially the Municipality of Tayug (Pangasinan: Baley na Tayug; Ilocano: Ili ti Tayug; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tayug), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 45,476 people.

It is an agricultural municipality producing commercial crops, livestock, and poultry.
Lewes avalanche
The Lewes avalanche occurred on 27 December 1836 in Lewes, East Sussex, when a huge build-up of snow on a chalk cliff overlooking the town collapsed into the settlement 100 metres (330 ft) below, destroying a row of cottages and killing eight people.  It remains the deadliest avalanche on record in the United Kingdom.

Lewes
Lewes (/ˈluːɪs/ ⓘ) is the county town of East Sussex, England. The town is the administrative centre of the wider district of the same name. It lies on the River Ouse at the point where the river cuts through the South Downs.

A traditional market town and centre of communications, in 1264 it was the site of the Battle of Lewes. The town's landmarks include Lewes Castle, Lewes Priory, Bull House (the former home of Thomas Paine), Southover Grange and public gardens, and a 16th-century timber-framed Wealden hall house known as Anne of Cleves House. Other notable features of the area include the Glyndebourne festival, the Lewes Bonfire celebrations and the Lewes Pound.
Charles Frohman
Charles Frohman (July 15, 1856 – May 7, 1915) was an American theater manager and producer, who discovered and promoted many stars of the American stage. Frohman produced over 700 shows, and among his biggest hits was Peter Pan, both in London and the US.

In 1896, Frohman co-founded the Theatrical Syndicate, a nationwide chain of theaters that dominated the American touring company business for more than two decades until the Shubert brothers grew strong enough to end its virtual monopoly. He partnered with English producers, including Seymour Hicks, with whom he produced a string of London hits prior to 1910, such as Quality Street, The Admirable Crichton, The Catch of the Season, The Beauty of Bath, and A Waltz Dream.

At the height of his fame, Frohman died in the 1915 sinking of the RMS Lusitania by a German submarine off the coast of Ireland.

John Drew Jr.
John Drew Jr. (November 13, 1853 – July 9, 1927), commonly known as John Drew during his life, was an American stage actor noted for his roles in Shakespearean comedy, society drama, and light comedies. He was the eldest son of John Drew Sr., who had given up a blossoming career in whaling for acting, and Louisa Lane Drew, and the brother of Louisa Drew, Georgiana Drew, and Sidney Drew. As such, he was also the uncle of John, Ethel, and Lionel Barrymore, and also great-great-uncle to Drew Barrymore. He was considered to be the leading matinee idol of his day, but unlike most matinee idols Drew's acting ability was largely undisputed.
Open Data-Link Interface
The Open Data-Link Interface (ODI) is an application programming interface (API) for network interface controllers (NICs) developed by Apple and Novell. The API serves the same function as Microsoft and 3COM's Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS). Originally, ODI was written for NetWare and Macintosh environments. Like NDIS, ODI provides rules that establish a vendor-neutral interface between the protocol stack and the adapter driver. It resides in Layer 2, the Data Link layer, of the OSI model. This interface also enables one or more network drivers to support one or more protocol stacks.

Personal NetWare
NetWare Lite and Personal NetWare are a series of discontinued peer-to-peer local area networks developed by Novell for DOS- and Windows-based personal computers aimed at personal users and small businesses in the 1990s.
Pirkle's alcohol
Pirkle's alcohol is an off-white, crystalline solid that is stable at room temperature when protected from light and oxygen. This chiral molecule is typically used, in nonracemic form, as a chiral shift reagent in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, in order to simultaneously determine absolute configuration and enantiomeric purity of other chiral molecules. The molecule is named after William H. Pirkle, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Illinois whose group reported its synthesis and its application as a chiral shift reagent.

Chiral derivatizing agent
In analytical chemistry, a chiral derivatizing agent (CDA), also known as a chiral resolving reagent, is a derivatization reagent that is a chiral auxiliary used to convert a mixture of enantiomers into diastereomers in order to analyze the quantities of each enantiomer present and determine the optical purity of a sample. Analysis can be conducted by spectroscopy or by chromatography. Some analytical techniques such as HPLC and NMR, in their most commons forms, cannot distinguish enantiomers within a sample, but can distinguish diastereomers.  Therefore, converting a mixture of enantiomers to a corresponding mixture of diastereomers can allow analysis. The use of chiral derivatizing agents has declined with the popularization of chiral HPLC. Besides analysis, chiral derivatization is also used for chiral resolution, the actual physical separation of the enantiomers.