hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pentadecylic acid
Pentadecylic acid, also known as pentadecanoic acid or C15:0, is an odd-chain saturated fatty acid. Its molecular formula is CH3(CH2)13CO2H. It is a colorless solid.

A laboratory preparation involves permanganate oxidation of 1-hexadecene (CH3(CH2)13CH=CH2).

It is one of the most common odd-chain fatty acids, which are rare in nature. Pentadecylic acid is found primarily in dairy fat, as well as in ruminant meat and some fish and plants. The butterfat in cow milk is its major dietary source, comprising 1.2% of cow milk fat.

Rare genetic disorders causing unusually high concentrations of C15:0 and C17:0, including Refsum disease, Zellweger syndrome, and propionic acidemia, confirmed endogenous synthesis of these odd-chain FAs in humans, involving alpha oxidation.

Odd-chain fatty acid
Odd-chain fatty acids are those fatty acids that contain an odd number of carbon atoms. In addition to being classified according to their saturation or unsaturation, fatty acids are also classified according to their odd or even numbers of constituent carbon atoms. With respect to natural abundance, most fatty acids are even chain, e.g. palmitic (C16) and stearic (C18). In terms of physical properties, odd and even fatty acids are similar, generally being colorless, soluble in alcohols, and often somewhat oily.  The odd-chain fatty acids are biosynthesized and metabolized slightly differently from the even-chained relatives. In addition to the usual C12-C22 long chain fatty acids, some very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are also known. Some of these VLCFAs are also of the odd-chain variety.
Oklan
The Oklan (Russian: Оклан; Koryak: Ыӄлан) is a river in Kamchatka Krai, Russia. The length of the river is 272 kilometres (169 mi) and the area of its drainage basin is 12,600 square kilometres (4,900 mi2). It is the second most important tributary of the Penzhina after the Belaya.

The name of the river comes from the Koryak yḳlan (ыӄлан), meaning 'icy way'.

Penzhina
The Penzhina (Russian: Пенжина; Koryak: Мыгыкивэем) is a river in Kamchatka Krai, Russia. It is 713 kilometres (443 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 73,500 square kilometres (28,400 sq mi).

The name "Penzhina" originated the Chukchi word "Pennyn", meaning "place of attack". In Koryak it is known as "Wegykiveem" (Мыгыкивэем), meaning "stormy river".
Exodus (Battlestar Galactica)
"Exodus" (parts one and two) are the third and fourth episodes of the third season from the science fiction television series, Battlestar Galactica. The episodes originally aired on the Sci Fi Channel on October 16 and 23, 2006.

The plot details the struggle of the human refugees, led by Colonel Saul Tigh, as they lead an insurrection on Cylon-controlled planet New Caprica. Meanwhile, Admiral Adama and the crews of Galactica and Pegasus plan a rescue attempt of the survivors.

Ellen Tigh
Ellen Tigh is a fictional character from the 2004 Battlestar Galactica reboot series, portrayed by Kate Vernon from 2004 to 2009. She is the manipulative wife of series regular Colonel Saul Tigh (Michael Hogan) during the first three seasons of the series. In season four, she is revealed to be the last of the Final Five Cylons, synthetic humanoid machines who are the precursors to the Cylon antagonists who oppose the human race throughout much of the series.
Manasquan High School
Manasquan High School is a four-year comprehensive community public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grade from Manasquan, in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone high school of the Manasquan Public Schools. In addition to students from Manasquan, the high school also serves students from Avon-by-the-Sea, Belmar, Brielle, Lake Como, Sea Girt, Spring Lake and Spring Lake Heights, who attend Manasquan High School as part of sending/receiving relationships with their respective districts.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 945 students and 81.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1. There were 84 students (8.9% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 13 (1.4% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Lake Como, New Jersey
Lake Como is a borough located in the Jersey Shore region, within Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 1,697, a decrease of 62 (−3.5%) from the 2010 census count of 1,759, which in turn reflected a decline of 47 (−2.6%) from the 1,806 counted in the 2000 census. It is the tenth-smallest municipality by land area in New Jersey.

Lake Como was originally formed as the borough of South Belmar by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 12, 1924, from portions of Wall Township, subject to the results of a referendum held on May 6, 1924. On November 2, 2004, voters in the borough approved changing the locality's name to Lake Como, which became effective as of January 4, 2005.
Surface Pen
The Surface Pen is an active stylus and digital pen developed by Microsoft for its series of Surface computing devices. It is designed to showcase the pen computing capabilities of Microsoft's Windows 8/8.1, Windows 10 and Windows 11 operating systems.

Surface Pro 3
The Surface Pro 3 is the third-generation Surface-series 2-in-1 detachable, designed, developed, marketed, and produced by Microsoft. It originally ran the Windows 8.1 Pro operating system (OS), but the optional upgrade to Windows 10 Pro (OS) operating system was later added.
Steve Englehart
Steve Englehart (/ˈɛŋɡəlhɑːrt/; born April 22, 1947) is an American writer of comic books and novels. He is best known for his work at Marvel Comics and DC Comics in the 1970s and 1980s. His pseudonyms have included John Harkness and Cliff Garnett.

Ultraforce
The Ultraforce is a fictional superhero group that appears in American comic books published by Malibu, and later Marvel. The purpose of the group was to protect the public and keep other "Ultras" (superheroes) from becoming unruly.

The group consists of various Ultras in Malibu's Ultraverse, including the super-strong Prime; Hardcase, one of the first public Ultras and the most famous; Prototype, Ultra-Tech's armored spokesperson; Topaz, warrior queen of Gwendor; the undead Ghoul, the last surviving member of the Exiles; and the mysterious Contrary, who organized the team and provided their technology.

In 1995, Ultraforce was adapted into an animated television series that ran for 13 episodes. The series was produced by DIC Entertainment.
Montiniaceae
Montiniaceae is a family of flowering plants. It includes two or three genera of shrubs and small trees, native to southwest Africa and tropical East Africa as well as Madagascar. The genera Grevea and Montinia are included in most classification systems. The genus Kaliphora is included in the Montiniaceae in many newer classification systems, including the APG II, but other classification systems, including that of Armen Takhtajan, include Kaliphora in its own family, the Kaliphoraceae.

Montinia
Montinia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Montiniaceae. It only contains one known species, Montinia caryophyllacea Thunb.

Its native range is Southern Africa. It is found in Angola, Botswana, the Cape Provinces (of South Africa) and Namibia. It grows on dry, rocky, sandstone or granite slopes.
Richard Weikart
Richard Weikart (born July 1958) is a professor of history at California State University, Stanislaus, advocate of intelligent design and senior fellow for the Center for Science and Culture of the Discovery Institute. In 1997 he joined the editorial board of the Access Research Network's Origins & Design Journal. Weikart's work focuses on claims about the impact of evolution on social thought, ethics and morality.

Weikart received a bachelor's degree in 1980 from Texas Christian University, a master's from Texas Christian University in 1989, and a doctorate in history from University of Iowa in 1994. He is married to Lisa Weikart with seven children.

From Darwin to Hitler
From Darwin to Hitler: Evolutionary Ethics, Eugenics, and Racism in Germany is a 2004 book by Richard Weikart, a historian at California State University, Stanislaus, and a senior fellow for the Center for Science and Culture of the creationist Discovery Institute. The work is controversial. Graeme Gooday, John M. Lynch, Kenneth G. Wilson, and Constance K. Barsky wrote that "numerous reviews have accused Weikart of selectively viewing his rich primary material, ignoring political, social, psychological, and economic factors" that helped shape Nazi eugenics and racism.
Mount Barr
Mount Barr is a mountain in the Skagit Range of the Cascade Mountains of southern British Columbia, Canada, located on the northeast side of Wahleach Lake and just southwest of Hope. It is a ridge highpoint with an elevation of 1,907 m (6,257 ft).

Mount Barr is one of several magmatic features just north of the Chilliwack batholith. It is part of 
a large circular igneous intrusion that was emplaced along the Fraser Fault 16 to 21 million years ago. The intrusion is part of the Pemberton Volcanic Belt, an eroded volcanic belt that formed as a result of subduction of the Farallon Plate starting 29 million years ago.

Skagit Range
The Skagit Range (/ˈskædʒɪt/ SKAJ-it, Nooksack: Nexwx̠ex̠tsán) is a subrange of the Cascade Range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada and northwestern Washington, United States, which are known in Canada as the Canadian Cascades or, officially, the Cascade Mountains. It is also known in the Nooksack language as Nexwx̠ex̠tsán. The Skagit Range lies to the west of the Skagit River and east and north of the Chilliwack River and flanks the Upper Fraser Valley region of British Columbia's Lower Mainland.

Of the three subranges of the Canadian Cascades—the Skagit, Hozameen, and Okanagan ranges—the Skagit is the most mountainous. It continues north to the Fraser River, sometimes using different local names. The Hope Mountains, and the "Anderson River Group" are separated from the main Skagit Range by distinct natural boundaries, but are otherwise similar in character.
Associated Presbyterian Churches
The Associated Presbyterian Churches (APC) is a Presbyterian church, with congregations in Scotland, and formerly in Canada and New Zealand. It was formed in 1989 as a result of division in the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland.

Reformed Christianity portal

Angus Morrison (minister)
Angus Morrison, QHC (born 1953) is a minister of the Church of Scotland who was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland 2015–2016. He had been nominated for the role a year earlier but withdrew because of ill health. He is an Extra Chaplain to the King in Scotland, appointed in 2023.
Halvor Næs
Halvor Næs (19 April 1928 – 13 October 2022) was a Norwegian ski jumper who competed in the 1950s. His only victory was in 1953 and he finished fifth in the individual large hill event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. He was born in Trysil Municipality. Næs was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1964 (shared with Veikko Kankkonen, Eero Mäntyranta, and Georg Thoma). Næs died in Trysil on 13 October 2022, at the age of 94.

Eero Mäntyranta
Eero Antero Mäntyranta (20 November 1937 – 30 December 2013) was one of the most successful Finnish cross-country skiers. He competed in four Winter Olympics (1960–1972) winning seven medals at three of them. His performance at the 1964 Winter Olympics earned him the nickname "Mister Seefeld", referring to the venue where the cross-country skiing and biathlon competitions took place. The Finnish Ministry of Education endowed him with the Pro Urheilu letter of recognition in 2000. There is also a museum centered on Mäntyranta in his birthplace of Pello.
John Chetwynd
John Chetwynd (1643 – 9 December 1702), of Rudge, near Sandon, Staffordshire was an English Member of Parliament.

He was the eldest son of John Chetwynd of Rudge.

He was Member of Parliament for Stafford from 1689 to 1695, and again in 1701 and 1702.  In the intervening period he sat for Tamworth in 1698–1700. He was pricked High Sheriff of Staffordshire for 1695–96.

He died in 1702. He had married, by 1678, Lucy, the daughter of Robert Roane of Tullesworth, Chaldon, Surrey and had 3 sons and a daughter.

His son Walter inherited the Ingestre estate from his distant cousin Walter Chetwynd the antiquary in 1693, greatly raising the prominence of his branch of the family. Walter was created Viscount Chetwynd in 1717, a title to which John's other two sons (John and William) succeeded in turn.

His daughter Lucy married Edward Younge, Bath King of Arms.

High Sheriff of Staffordshire
This is a list of the sheriffs and high sheriffs of Staffordshire.

The sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. The sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. From 1204 to 1344 the High Sheriff of Staffordshire also served as Sheriff of Shropshire.

Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as sheriff was retitled high sheriff. The high sheriff changes every March.
La Moneda Palace Guard
La Moneda Palace Guard (Spanish: Guardia de Palacio de la Moneda) is the ceremonial escort to the president of Chile and also assists with physical security at La Moneda Palace. It is an operational component of the Carabineros de Chile.

La Moneda Palace
Palacio de La Moneda (Spanish: [paˈlasjo ðe la moˈneða], Palace of the Mint), or simply La Moneda, is the seat of the president of the Republic of Chile. It also houses the offices of three cabinet ministers: Interior, General Secretariat of the Presidency, and General Secretariat of the Government. Located in downtown Santiago, it occupies an entire block in the Civic District, bordered by Moneda street to the north, Morandé street to the east, Alameda del Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins to the south, and Teatinos street to the west.
Molodyozhny, Moscow Oblast
Molodyozhny (Russian: Молодёжный), formerly known as Naro-Fominsk-5 (Наро-Фоминск-5) is a closed urban locality (a settlement) in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,920 (2010 census); 2,599 (2002 census).

Closed city
A closed city or town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied.

Historically, the construction of closed cities became increasingly common after the beginning of the Cold War, particularly in the Soviet Union. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, they remain widespread in Russia and some of the other post-Soviet countries. The Russian government officially designates these closed cities as "closed administrative–territorial formations" (ZATO; Russian: закрытые административно–территориальные образования [ЗАТО]), for the management and execution of high-value research and development concerning nuclear energy, weapons of mass destruction, or the space industry.
Ballynagall, County Westmeath
Ballynagall is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 5.82 kilometres (4 mi) north of Mullingar.

Ballynagall is one of 8 townlands of the civil parish of Portnashangan, and 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham, both in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. 
The townland covers 829 acres (3.35 km2), of which 813 acres (3.29 km2) are in Portnashangan civil parish and 16 acres (0.065 km2) are in Tyfarnham. The southern boundary of the townland includes part of Scragh Bog. The north–west boundary of the townland follows the River Gaine, a tributary of the River Inny.

The neighbouring townlands are: Garrysallagh and Loughanstown to the north, Cartron, Kilmaglish, Knockdrin Demesne and Quarry to the east, Brockagh to the south and Culleen More and Portnashangan to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 21 houses and 92 inhabitants in the townland.

Kilmaglish
Kilmaglish is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 6.91 kilometres (4 mi) north of Mullingar.

Kilmaglish is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 517.59 acres (2.0946 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Galmoylestown Upper to the north, Parsonstown to the north–east, Garraree to the east, Knockdrin to the south–east, Ballynagall to the south, Knockdrin Demesne to the south and Garrysallagh to the north–east.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 4 houses and 17 inhabitants in the townland.
Barnstorming
Barnstorming was a form of entertainment in which stunt pilots performed tricks individually or in groups that were called flying circuses. Devised to "impress people with the skill of pilots and the sturdiness of planes," it became popular in the United States during the Roaring Twenties.

Barnstormers were pilots who flew throughout the country to sell airplane rides and perform stunts. Charles Lindbergh first began flying as a barnstormer. Barnstorming was the first major form of civil aviation in the history of manned flight.

Stunt flying
Stunt flying refers to any stunts performed in an aircraft. It encompasses aerobatics, wing walking, and transferring from one airplane to another or to a moving vehicle on the ground, such as an automobile or train, and vice versa.
Cockrell Hill Transfer Location
Cockrell Hill Transfer Location is a bus-only public transit station in Cockrell Hill, Texas. The station is operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit and is located along Jefferson Boulevard at its intersection with Cockrell Hill Road.

The station features a small indoor, air-conditioned waiting area, restrooms, and an information desk, all of which are available during weekday peak hours. Bus routes at the station provide connections to Downtown Dallas and the Westmoreland station on DART's light rail system. Unlike most DART stations, parking is not available.

The station was opened on July 31, 2000 alongside the Bernal/Singleton Transfer Location as part of a larger $2 million plan to improve bus station amenities.

Dallas Area Rapid Transit
Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) is a transit agency serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex of Texas. It operates buses, light rail, commuter rail, and high-occupancy vehicle lanes in Dallas and twelve of its suburbs. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 55,151,000, or about 162,900 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

DART was created in 1983 to replace a municipal bus system and funded expansion of the region's transit network through a sales tax levied in member cities. DART rail began operation in 1996 and operates over 93 miles (149.7 km) of track. It was the longest light rail system in the United States until 2023, when it was surpassed by Los Angeles Metro Rail with the consolidation of the A Line.

DART jointly operates the Trinity Railway Express commuter rail line between Dallas and Fort Worth, with Trinity Metro. The agency also operates the Dallas Streetcar and provides funding for the non-profit M-Line Trolley.
Panji Tohjaya
Panji Tohjaya was the third king of Singhasari. He was the son of Ken Arok and his first wife, Ken Umang. After his father was killed by his half-brother, Anusapati, he took revenge and assumed his father's throne in 1248. He only ruled for several months before his nephews, Ranggawuni, son of Anusapati, and Mahisha Champaka, son of Mahisa Wonga Teleng, another son of Ken Arok, rebelled, took the throne and reigned together, the first under the name Vishnuvardhana, the second under that of Narasimhamurti.

Singhasari
Singhasari (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦶꦔ꧀ꦲꦱꦫꦶ, romanized: Karaton Singhasari or Karaton Singosari, Indonesian: Kerajaan Singasari), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292. The kingdom succeeded the Kingdom of Kediri as the dominant kingdom in eastern Java. The kingdom's name is cognate to the Singosari district of Malang Regency, located several kilometres north of Malang City.
Tosu, Russia
Tosu (Russian: Тосу; Yakut: Халбаакы, Xalbaakı) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Starovatovo, in Khalbakinsky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 18 kilometers (11 mi) from Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 665, of whom 325 were male and 340 female, down from 731 as recorded during the 2002 Census.

Starovatovo
Starovatovo (Russian: Староватово; Yakut: Староватово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khalbakinsky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the district, and 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) from Tosu, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 78, down from 93 recorded during the 2002 Census.
Arithmaurel
The  Arithmaurel was a mechanical calculator that had a very intuitive user interface, especially for multiplying and dividing numbers because the result was displayed as soon as the operands were entered.  It was first patented in France by Timoleon Maurel, in 1842. It received a gold medal at the French national show in Paris in 1849.  Its complexity and the fragility of its design prevented it from being manufactured.

Its name came from the concatenation of Arithmometer, the machine that inspired its design and of Maurel, the name of its inventor.  The heart of the machine uses one Leibniz stepped cylinder driven by a set of differential gears.

Leibniz wheel
A Leibniz wheel or stepped drum is a cylinder with a set of teeth of incremental lengths which, when coupled to a counting wheel, can be used in the calculating engine of a class of mechanical calculators.  Invented by Leibniz in 1673, it was used for three centuries until the advent of the electronic calculator in the mid-1970s.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz built a machine called the stepped reckoner based on the design of the stepped drum in 1694. It was made famous by Thomas de Colmar when he used it, a century and a half later, in his Arithmometer, the first mass-produced calculating machine.  It was also used in the Curta calculator, a very popular portable calculator introduced in the second part of the 20th century.
Guaramacal salamander
The Guaramacal salamander (Bolitoglossa guaramacalensis), also known as the holy-mountain salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela. The Venezuelan specimen first reported as Bolitoglossa savagei likely represents this species. The species is named after its type locality, Guaramacal in the Trujillo.

Savage's salamander
Savage's salamander (Bolitoglossa savagei), also known as Savage's mushroomtongue salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northern Colombia (Magdalena Department). The record from Venezuela represents another species, likely Bolitoglossa guaramacalensis. The species is named after Jay M. Savage, an American herpetologist.
Bishop Ready High School (Columbus, Ohio)
Bishop Ready High School (/ˈriːdi/) is a Catholic high school located in Columbus, Ohio. It is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus. The original building opened in 1961 and consisted of two floors of 22 classrooms and an Art and Shop Wing with three classrooms. In 1999 a science wing consisting of three rooms was opened and in 2004 a band room, weight room, trainer's office, and wrestling room were added. The original building covers a total area of 95,695 sq. ft. and cost $1,237,000 total to construct.

Diocese of Columbus
The Diocese of Columbus (Latin: Dioecesis Columbensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church covering 23 counties in central Ohio in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati. The mother church is St. Joseph Cathedral in Columbus. The diocese was erected in 1868. The current bishop is Earl K. Fernandes.