hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip, Duke of Orléans
Philip of Orléans (1 July 1336 – 1 September 1375) was a Duke of Orléans, Touraine, and Count of Valois, the fifth son of King Philip VI of France and Joan the Lame.

His father named him Duke of Orléans, a newly created duchy, in 1344. Shortly before that, in 1343, Philip's father (king Philip VI) initiated negotiations with the dauphin Humbert II of Viennois, regarding the future inheritance of the Dauphiné, a vast feudal polity within the Kingdom of Burgundy (Arles), then under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire. Since Humbert had no heirs, it was initially agreed that all of his feudal domains will pass to young Philip, but already in 1344, those provisions were changed by the new agreement, designating Philip's older brother John as Humbert's heir in the Dauphiné, while Philip was compensated with other domains.

Humbert II of Viennois
Humbert II de la Tour-du-Pin (1312 – 4 May 1355) was the Dauphin de Viennois, from 1333 to 1349. His feudal domains, known as the Dauphiné, belonged to the Kingdom of Burgundy (Arles), under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire. Humbert was the last dauphin from the local line of Counts of Albon and Dauphins of Viennois, and being childless, he decided to sell his domains to the House of Valois in 1349, relinquishing his lands and titles on 16 July to the young French prince Charles, and dedicating the rest of his life to an ecclesiastical career.
Equatorial Guinea national football team
The Equatorial Guinea national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Guinea Ecuatorial) represents Equatorial Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Equatoguinean Football Federation, a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations on five occasions, the first two times as hosts (in 2012 and 2015). They finished in fourth place in 2015, and reached the quarter-finals in 2012 and 2021.

Malabo
Malabo (/məˈlɑːboʊ/ mə-LAH-boh, Spanish: [maˈlaβo] ⓘ; formerly Santa Isabel [ˈsantajsaˈβel] ⓘ) is a city in Equatorial Guinea, located in the province of Bioko Norte. It is located on the north coast of the island of Bioko (Bube: Etulá, and as Fernando Pó by the Europeans). In 2018, the city had a population of approximately 297,000 inhabitants.

Spanish is the official language of the city and of the country as well, but Pichinglis is also used as a language of wider communication across Bioko island, including Malabo.

Malabo is the oldest city in Equatorial Guinea and served as its former capital. Ciudad de la Paz is a planned community in mainland Equatorial Guinea which was built to replace Malabo as the capital. The institutions of governance of Equatorial Guinea began the process of locating to Ciudad de la Paz in February 2017. Ciudad de la Paz was officially proclaimed capital of Equatorial Guinea in January 2026.
WKTU
WKTU (103.5 FM) is a rhythmic adult contemporary formatted radio station licensed to Lake Success, New York, a suburb of New York City. WKTU is owned by iHeartMedia and broadcasts from studios at 125 West 55th Street in  Midtown Manhattan; its transmitter is located at the Empire State Building.

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Militant Socialist Movement
The Militant Socialist Movement (French: Mouvement Socialiste Militant; Morisyen: Mouvman Sosialis Militan,  MSM) is a centre-left  to left-wing political party in Mauritius. It was the single largest political party in the National Assembly of Mauritius, having won 42 of the 69 seats in the 2019 general elections; however, following the 2024 election, it only possesses one seat. It also holds the largest number of seats in all city/town councils through the country with 60 councillors out of 120. The party tends to be more popular amongst Indo-Mauritians.

The MSM is one of the 4 main political parties in the country; the others being the Labour Party or Parti Travailliste (PTr), Mouvement Militant Mauricien (MMM) and Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate (PMSD). The MSM is the only political party in the history of Mauritius to be formed when its office holders were in government, in sharp contrast to all other parties which were either founded in opposition or before acceding to power.

1987 Mauritian general election
General elections were held in Mauritius on 30 August 1987. The result was a victory for the Alliance, composed of the Labour Party, the Mauritian Socialist Movement and the Mauritian Social Democrat Party, which won 44 of the 70 seats.

The voting system involved twenty constituencies on Mauritius, which each elected three members. Two seats were elected by residents of Rodrigues, and up to eight seats were filled by the "best losers". Voter turnout was 85%.
Becherovka
Becherovka (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbɛxɛˌrofka] ⓘ), formerly Karlsbader Becherbitter, is a herbal bitters, often drunk as a digestif. It is produced in Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic by the Jan Becher company. The brand is owned by Pernod Ricard. It is made from a secret recipe based on more than twenty types of herbs and spices.

Becherovka is often described as having a gingery or cinnamon flavor. Its alcohol content is 38% ABV (76 proof), and it is usually served chilled.

Pernod Ricard
Pernod Ricard (French: [pɛʁno ʁikaʁ]) is a French company best known for its anise-flavoured pastis apéritifs Pernod Anise and Ricard Pastis (often referred to simply as Pernod or Ricard). The world's second-largest wine and spirits seller, it also produces several other types of pastis.
JDiggz
Jonathan Poirier, better known by his stage name JDiggz, is a Canadian hip hop MC and producer of Guyanese and Acadian French descent. He also co-founded StarBwoyz production Team with Half-Brother Nick Hatch aka Scotch Butta.

Daniel Victor
Daniel Victor (born September 20, 1979) is a Canadian recording artist and producer from Windsor, Ontario, best known for the collaborative music project Neverending White Lights, which features instrumentation performed mostly by Victor, with guest singers providing vocals for most of the songs.
Stephano (moon)
Stephano (/ˈstɛfənoʊ/ STEF-ən-oh) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by Brett J. Gladman, et al. in 1999, and given the provisional designation S/1999 U 2.

Confirmed as Uranus XX, it was named after the drunken butler in William Shakespeare's play The Tempest in August 2000.

Its orbital parameters suggest that it may belong to the same dynamic cluster as Caliban, suggesting a common origin.

Brett J. Gladman
Brett James Gladman (born April 19, 1966) is a Canadian astronomer and a full professor at the University of British Columbia's Department of Physics and Astronomy in Vancouver, British Columbia. He holds the Canada Research Chair in planetary astronomy.  He does both theoretical work (large-scale numerical simulations of planetary dynamics) and observational optical astronomy (being a discoverer of many planetary moons and minor planets).
Giuseppe Betori
Giuseppe Betori (born 25 February 1947) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Florence from 2008 to 2024. He became a bishop in 2001 when he was appointed secretary general of the Italian Episcopal Conference (CEI), a post he held until 2008. He was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 2012.

Archdiocese of Florence
The Archdiocese of Florence (Latin: Archidioecesis Florentina) is a Latin Church metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. It was traditionally founded in the 1st century, according to the 14th century chronicler Giovanni Villani. The diocese was directly subordinate to the Holy See (Papacy) until 1420.

Florence was elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on 10 May 1419, by Pope Martin V. The ecclesiastical province of Florence, of which the Archbishop of Florence in the metropolitan, includes the suffragan dioceses of Arezzo-Cortona-Sansepolcro, Fiesole, Pistoia, Prato, and San Miniato.

The seat of the Archbishop of Florence is Florence Cathedral, otherwise the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore. Since 24th June 2024 Archbishop Gherardo Gambelli has been the Archbishop of Florence.
Natalia Lacunza
Natalia Lacunza Sanabdón (born 10 January 1999) is a Spanish singer-songwriter. She first gained national recognition in 2018, placing third in series 10 of the Spanish reality television talent competition Operación Triunfo, behind Alba Reche and Famous Oberogo. While competing in Operación Triunfo, she announced a tour in Córdoba. In spring 2019, she signed a record deal with Universal Music Spain and released her debut extended play "Otras Alas" in June 2019. The EP featured her debut single "Nana Triste", which features Spanish indie pop singer Guitarricadelafuente. The song reached the fourth position on the PROMUSICAE chart while the EP topped it for two consecutive weeks and earned a gold certification in less than a month. Her second EP, which she titled EP2, was released on March 13, 2020, topped the Spanish Albums chart for a week and spawned three singles.

Alba Reche
Alba Martínez Reche (born 17 December 1997) is a Spanish singer-songwriter from Elche, Alicante. She first gained national recognition in 2018 placing as the runner-up in series ten of the Spanish reality television talent competition Operación Triunfo, behind Famous Oberogo. After exiting the show, Reche signed a record deal with Universal Music and released her debut studio album Quimera (2019) which peaked on the third position on the PROMUSICAE musical chart, sold more than a twenty thousand copies, charted more than thirty weeks and scored a Latin Grammy nomination for Best Engineered Album.
Soda straw
A soda straw (or simply straw) is a speleothem in the form of a hollow mineral cylindrical tube. They are also known as tubular stalactites. Soda straws grow in places where water leaches slowly through cracks in rock, such as on the roofs of caves. Soda straws in caves rarely grow  more than a few millimetres per year and may average one tenth of a millimetre per year.  A soda straw can turn into a stalactite if the hole at the bottom is blocked, or if the water begins flowing on the outside surface of the hollow tube. Soda straws can also form outside the cave environment on exposed concrete surfaces as a type of calthemite, growing significantly faster than those formed on rock.

Stalactite
A stalactite (UK: /ˈstæləkˌtaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from Ancient Greek  σταλακτός (stalaktós) 'dripping', from  σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats). A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.

The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite.
Apostolic Vicariate of Mitú
The Vicariate Apostolic of Mitú (Latin: Apostolicus Vicariatus Mituensis) is a Latin pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Colombia.

It is exempt, i.e. immediately subject to the Holy See (not part of any ecclesiastical province) and depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Catedral María Inmaculada, dedicated to Mary Immaculate, in the city of Mitú, in Vaupés Department.

Diocese of Buenaventura
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Buenaventura (Latin: Bonaventuren(sis)) is a Latin suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Cali in Colombia, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral de San Buenaventura, dedicated to Saint Bonaventura, in the city of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca Department.
Quenched approximation
In lattice field theory, the quenched approximation is an approximation often used in lattice gauge theory in which the quantum loops of fermions in Feynman diagrams are neglected. Equivalently, the corresponding one-loop determinants are set to one. This approximation is often forced upon the physicists because the calculation with the Grassmann numbers is computationally very difficult in lattice gauge theory.

In particular, quenched QED is QED without dynamical electrons, and quenched QCD is QCD without dynamical quarks.

Recent calculations  typically avoid the quenched approximation.

Lattice gauge theory
In physics, lattice gauge theory is the study of gauge theories on a spacetime that has been discretized into a lattice.

Gauge theories are important in particle physics, and include the prevailing theories of elementary particles: quantum electrodynamics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and particle physics' Standard Model. Non-perturbative gauge theory calculations in continuous spacetime formally involve evaluating an infinite-dimensional path integral, which is computationally intractable. By working on a discrete spacetime, the path integral becomes finite-dimensional, and can be evaluated by stochastic simulation techniques such as the Monte Carlo method.  When the size of the lattice is taken infinitely large and its sites infinitesimally close to each other, the continuum gauge theory is recovered.
Vicia pannonica
Vicia pannonica is a species of vetch known by the common name Hungarian vetch. It is native to southern, central Europe and western Asia, and it is sometimes cultivated as an agricultural crop for use as hay and fodder. It may escape cultivation and grow as a casual roadside weed.

Vicia
Vicia is a genus of over 240 species of flowering plants that are part of the legume family (Fabaceae), and which are commonly known as vetches. Vicia species are native to Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas.
Weener
Weener (German pronunciation: [ˈveːnɐ] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Leer, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the border with the Netherlands, on the river Ems. The town's population is at 15,654, making it the largest town of the region Rheiderland. It has a railway and autobahn connection to Groningen, Netherlands, Emden and Bremen.

The city was first mentioned in a monastery's records in 951.

Rheiderland
The Rheiderland (German: [ˈʁaɪdɐˌlant]; Reiderland [ˈrɛidərˌlɑnt] ⓘ) is a region of Germany and the Netherlands between the River Ems and the Bay of Dollart. The German part of the Rheiderland lies in East Frisia, west of the Ems. The Dutch part (written: Reiderland) lies in the Dutch province of Groningen and is mostly part of Oldambt. The Rheiderland is one of the four historic regions on the mainland in the district of Leer; the others being the Overledingerland, the Moormerland and the Lengenerland.
Pinch, West Virginia
‘’‘Pinch’’’ is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 2,914 at the 2020 census. It is located about 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Charleston, adjacent to Elkview and roughly 2 miles (3 km) northwest of Big Chimney. The community lies along the Elk River and is surrounded by rolling hills.
The community was named after nearby Pinch Creek.

Kanawha County, West Virginia
Kanawha County (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745, making it West Virginia's most populous county. The county seat is Charleston, which is also the state capital and most populous city.
Kanawha County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Matsumae Akihiro
Matsumae Akihiro (松前 章広, 8 August 1775 – 6 November 1833) was the ninth daimyō of Matsumae Domain in Ezo-chi, Japan, in the latter half of the Edo period. He held this position from 1792 to 1807 and again from 1821 until his death in 1833; in the years between, the bakufu exerted direct control over the whole of Ezo, while the Matsumae clan were relocated to Yanagawa Domain. He was successor to his father Matsumae Michihiro and succeeded in turn by his grandson Matsumae Yoshihiro.

Matsumae clan
The Matsumae clan (松前氏, Matsumae-shi) was a Japanese aristocratic family who were daimyo of the Matsumae Domain, now in Matsumae, Hokkaido, from the Azuchi–Momoyama period until the Meiji Restoration. They were given the march as their fiefdom in 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and charged with defending it, and by extension the whole of Japan, from the Ainu "barbarians" of the north.

The Late Middle Japanese and Early Modern Japanese term for Hokkaido was Yezo, now pronounced Ezo; it was renamed only during the Meiji Restoration of 1868.

The Matsumae were the first Yamato people to negotiate with the Russian Empire. Following the Meiji Restoration, the family was bestowed the title of Viscount.
Serandías
Serandías is one of seven parishes (administrative divisions) in Boal, a municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 15.89 km2 (6.14 sq mi) in size with a population of 253 (INE 2008).

Boal
Boal (Galician-Asturian: Bual) is a municipality, a civil parish and a town in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It borders El Franco and Coaña to the north, Illano to the south, Castropol to the west and Villayón to the east.

The main way of access to Boal is through the regional road AS-12, which connects Navia with Grandas de Salime. The whole municipality has a population of 1,632 inhabitants, whereas there are about 496 inhabitants in the capital town.
Faustus (band)
Faustus are a folk music duo based in the UK. The all-male membership brings together multi-instrumentalist musicians active across many other leading bands in the UK folk scene: Benji Kirkpatrick (Seth Lakeman Band, Bellowhead, Steeleye Span), Saul Rose (Waterson–Carthy, Whapweasel) and formerly Paul Sartin (Bellowhead, Belshazzar's Feast). They have been described as “bloke-folk” and aiming to “rescue contemporary folk from the curse of feyness” (The Independent). In 2007 they received a 75th anniversary award from the English Folk Dance and Song Society, and they were nominated as best group at the 2009 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards.

Belshazzar's Feast (band)
Belshazzar's Feast were an English folk music duo comprising singer/oboist/fiddler Paul Sartin and piano accordionist Paul Hutchinson. They have a reputation for slapstick spoken, physical and musical comedy as well as fine musicianship.
Camera Shy (band)
Camera Shy was an American indie pop band from Oakland, California. The duo consisted of instrumentalist Nick Bassett (also of Whirr and formerly of Nothing) and vocalist Alexandra Morte (also of Night School and formerly of Whirr). They released two EPs and one full-length album.

Whirr
Whirr (originally known as Whirl) is an American shoegaze band from Modesto, California. Formed in 2010, the group currently consists of vocalist and guitarist Loren Rivera, guitarists Nick Bassett and Joseph Bautista, bassist Eddie Salgado, and drummer Devin Nunes.
Port of Leith distillery
The Port of Leith distillery is a whisky distillery in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located in the Leith area of the city, close to the Ocean Terminal shopping centre and the Royal Yacht Britannia.

It is the first vertical distillery to be built in the United Kingdom, the building reaching nine stories tall. As well as working distillery, it is also a visitor attraction, with panoramic views of the city from a top-floor bar. The vertical layout is the result of the small plot of land it is built on; this caused significant challenges during the design and construction, and the project ended up costing £12m.

Leith
Leith (/liːθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a suburb to the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying at the mouth of the Water of Leith. It is home to the Port of Leith.

The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 in which it is termed Inverlet (Inverleith). After centuries of control by Edinburgh, Leith was made a separate burgh in 1833 only to be merged into Edinburgh in 1920.

Leith is located on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the City of Edinburgh council area; since 2007 it has formed one of 17 multi-member wards of the city.
ISO 639:t
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with T.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:e
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with E.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
Helenstowe Nunnery
Helenstowe Nunnery was an Anglo-Saxon nunnery at Abingdon in the English county of Berkshire (now Oxfordshire).

Helenstowe is said to have been founded by a certain Lady Cilla in the 670s. It was probably the nuns' part of a double monastery along with her brother's abbey on Boar's Hill. It is believed to have stood on the site of St Helen's Church.

St Helen's Church, Abingdon
St Helen's Church is a Church of England parish church in Abingdon on the bank of the River Thames in Oxfordshire (formerly Berkshire), England. The church is thought to occupy the site of the Anglo-Saxon Helenstowe Nunnery.