hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Northallerton Castle
Northallerton Castle was a defensive structure in Northallerton in North Yorkshire, England. The structure is thought to have been constructed c. 1068 and was largely made out of timber with a palisade wall. It was destroyed by order of King Henry in 1178. The ground outlines of the site were removed by railway building in the first half of the 19th century.

Northallerton
Northallerton (/nɔːrˈθælərtən/ nor-THAL-ər-tən) is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is near the River Wiske in the Vale of Mowbray and had a population of 16,832 in 2011. Northallerton is an administrative centre for York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority and North Yorkshire Council.

There has been a settlement at Northallerton since Roman times. That grew in importance from the 11th century when King William II gifted land there to the Bishop of Durham, and it became an important religious centre. The Battle of the Standard fought nearby in 1138 involved the death of up to 12,000 Scots.

Northallerton was an important stopping point for coaches on the road between Edinburgh and London until the arrival of the railway.
Soline, Dobrinj
Soline is a village located on the northeastern part of the Croatian island of Krk. It is part of the municipality of Dobrinj. As of 2021, it had 48 inhabitants. The village has a harbor providing access to the Soline Bay and the Vinodol Channel, of which the first is named after the settlement. The village of Čižići is located on the opposite side of the bay, and the village of Klimno is to the northeast of Soline.

Soline Bay
Soline Bay or Soline Cove (Croatian: Uvala Soline) is a bay located on the northeast side of the Croatian island of Krk. The bay flows into the Vinodol Channel, part of the Adriatic Sea. Three villages are centered on Soline Bay: Čižići, Klimno, and Soline, after which it is named. There are two islands inside the bay, Školjić Veli and the much smaller islet Školjić Mali just to the north of Klimno. Meline Beach (Croatian: Plaža Meline) is a muddy beach located on the southern end of the bay which attracts many visitors for therapeutic reasons.
Human Trafficking Center
The Human Trafficking Center is housed within the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University of Denver. Established in 2002, the HTC is a research and advocacy organization composed of graduate students and faculty at the Korbel School.

The HTC collaborates with local and national partners on research and advocacy endeavors, including consulting on human trafficking legislation and advising on best practices within anti-trafficking efforts. The  HTC blog is a compilation of current human trafficking news, research and best practices.

Josef Korbel School of International Studies
The Josef Korbel School of Global and Public Affairs at the University of Denver is a professional school of international affairs offering undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral degrees. It is named in honor of the founding dean, Josef Korbel, father of former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.

The Josef Korbel School is located on the University of Denver’s main campus in Denver’s University Hill neighborhood. The school currently educates more than 700 students with nearly 70 full- and part-time faculty members. It is also home to 10 academic research centers and institutes. Frederick “Fritz” Mayer has been dean of the school since 2019.

In 2018, the school's master's programs were ranked 14th in the world by Foreign Policy magazine. The Josef Korbel School is a full member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA).
Olena Kunytska
Olena Kunytska (Ukrainian: Олена Куницька) (died 1684), was a Ukrainian Hetmana by marriage to Stefan Kunicki, Hetman of Ukraine (r. 1672–1684).  She was an influential figure among the Ukrainian Cossacks.  She is known as a valuable political adviser to her spouse and for an act of military evacuation which caused the rival hetman to attempt to abduct her.

Stefan Kunicki
Stefan Kunicki (Ukrainian: Стефан Куницький or Степан Куницький; c. 1640–1684) was a Ruthenian military commander and Cossack Hetman of Right-bank Ukraine. He was also a member of the Polish–Lithuanian Szlachta nobility.
Arthur D. Ferguson
Arthur D. Ferguson FRMS (1869 – 24 May 1928) was a banker with the British Guiana Bank and a philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1923. Ferguson was an expert in the stamps of British Guiana about which he wrote in The British Guiana Philatelic Journal. He was the founder (1903) and Secretary of the British Guiana Philatelic Society.

He was a non-resident Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute, now the Royal Commonwealth Society, elected 1909.

Postage stamps and postal history of British Guiana
A privately run packet service for mail existed in British Guiana in 1796, and continued for a number of years.  Postage stamps of Britain were used in those days at Georgetown (Demerara) and Berbice.  The first adhesive stamps produced by British Guiana were issued in 1850.

British Guiana is famous among philatelists for its early postage stamps, some of them considered to be among the rarest, most expensive stamps in the world.  These include the unique British Guiana 1c magenta from 1856, which sold in 1980 for close to $1 million.

In June 2014 the 1856 British Guiana one-cent magenta stamp was sold at auction in New York, to an anonymous bidder, for $9.5m (£5.6m) at auction in New York, a world record.
Double Concerto (Delius)
The Double Concerto for Violin, Cello, and Orchestra by Frederick Delius is a double concerto for violin, cello, and orchestra in C minor, composed between April and June 1915 while Delius lived in Watford, England.  The work is dedicated to the sister duo of violinist May Harrison and cellist Beatrice Harrison, who premiered the piece under conductor Henry Wood on February 21, 1920 in Queen's Hall, London.

Double concerto
A double concerto (Italian: Doppio concerto; German: Doppelkonzert) is a concerto featuring two performers —as opposed to the usual single performer— in the solo role. The two performers' instruments may be of the same type, as in Bach's Double Violin Concerto, or different, as in Brahms's Concerto for Violin, Cello and Orchestra.
Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund
The Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund (Icelandic: Tryggingarsjóður innstæðueigenda og fjárfesta) is the statutory deposit insurance scheme in Iceland. It is established under Act No. 98/1999 on Deposit Guarantees and Investor-Compensation Scheme, which transposes European Union directives 94/19/EC and 97/9/EC into Icelandic law, in accordance with the decisions of the European Economic Area.

Deposit insurance
Deposit insurance, deposit protection or deposit guarantee is a measure implemented in many countries to protect bank depositors, in full or in part, from losses caused by a bank's inability to pay its debts when due. Deposit insurance or deposit guarantee systems are one component of a financial system safety net that promotes financial stability.
Sankt Goarshausen
Sankt Goarshausen (German pronunciation: [zaŋkt ɡoaːɐ̯sˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ; abbreviated St. Goarshausen)  is a town located in the Rhein-Lahn-Kreis in Nassau on the eastern shore of the Rhine, in the section known as the Rhine Gorge, directly across the river from Sankt Goar, in the German state Rhineland-Palatinate. It is located within the Nassau Nature Park and the Rhine Gorge UNESCO world heritage site, and was historically part of the Duchy of Nassau. It lies approximately 30 km south of Koblenz, and it is above all famous for the Lorelei rock nearby. Sankt Goarshausen is the seat of the Loreley collective municipality. The town's economy is based on wine making and tourism.

The Sankt Goarshausen railway station connects the town with Wiesbaden, Frankfurt and Koblenz. Sankt Goarshausen was formerly the terminus of the Nassau Light Railway line between Sankt Goarshausen and Nastätten.

Katz Castle
Katz Castle (German: Burg Katz) is a castle above the German town of Sankt Goarshausen in Rhineland-Palatinate. The castle stands on a ledge looking downstream from the riverside at Sankt Goar. It was first built around 1371 by Count William II of Katzenelnbogen. The castle was bombarded in 1806 by Napoleon and rebuilt in the late 19th century, in 1896–98. It is now privately owned, and not open for visitors.
SES Americom
SES Americom was a major commercial satellite operator of North American geosynchronous satellites based in the United States. The company started as RCA Americom in 1975 before being bought by General Electric in 1986 and then later acquired by SES in 2001. In September 2009, SES Americom and SES New Skies merged into SES World Skies.

Lockheed Martin Space
Lockheed Martin Space  is one of the four major business divisions of Lockheed Martin. It has its headquarters in Littleton, Colorado, with additional sites in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania; Sunnyvale, California; Santa Cruz, California; Huntsville, Alabama; and elsewhere in the United States and United Kingdom. The division employs about 20,000 people, and its products include commercial and military satellites, space probes, missile defense systems, NASA's Orion spacecraft, and the Space Shuttle external tank.
Amphipneustes davidi
Amphipneustes davidi is a species of sea urchin. Their armour is covered with spines. It is placed in the genus Amphipneustes and lives in the sea. Amphipneustes davidi was first scientifically described in 2010 by Madon-Senez.

Amphipneustes
Amphipneustes is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the order Spatangoida.

The species of this genus are found at the coasts of Antarctica.

Species:

Amphipneustes bifidus Mortensen, 1950

Amphipneustes brevisternalis (Koehler, 1926)

Amphipneustes davidi Madon-Senez, 2002

Amphipneustes koehleri Mortensen, 1905

Amphipneustes lorioli Koehler, 1901

Amphipneustes marsupialis (Koehler, 1926)

Amphipneustes mironovi Markov, 1991

Amphipneustes rostratus (Koehler, 1926)

Amphipneustes similis Mortensen, 1936

Amphipneustes tumescens (Koehler, 1926)
Mechthild of Bavaria
Mechthild of Bavaria (12 July 1532 – 2 November 1565 in Baden-Baden) was a German noblewoman. She was the daughter of William IV, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Marie. She was buried in the Stiftskirche at Baden-Baden.

On 17 January 1557 she married Philibert, Margrave of Baden-Baden, and they had the following children:

Jakobea (16 January 1558 – 3 September 1597 in Düsseldorf), married Duke John William of Jülich-Cleves-Berg.

Philip II (19 February 1559 in Baden-Baden – 17 June 1588), Margrave of Baden.

Anna Maria (22 May 1562 – 25 April 1583 in Třeboň).

Maria Salome (1 February 1563 – 30 April 1600 in Pfreimd).

Mechthild is a German form of Matilde.

William IV, Duke of Bavaria
William IV (German: Wilhelm IV; 13 November 1493 – 7 March 1550) was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.
He was born in Munich to Albert IV and Kunigunde of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Frederick III.
Rudaki District
Rudaki District (Russian: Район Рудаки; Tajik: Ноҳияи Рӯдакӣ Nohiyai Rudaki) is a district in Tajikistan, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It stretches south from Dushanbe, bordering on Shahrinav District, the city of Hisor, and Varzob District from the north and northwest, Tajikistan's Khatlon Region from the south and the east, and Uzbekistan from the west. Its administrative capital is Somoniyon, a southern suburb of Dushanbe, called Leninsky in the Soviet period. The population of the district is 518,200 (January 2020 estimate).

A border guard training center is located here, used by the Tajik Border Troops. In October 2013, the Tajik Interior Ministry opened a new police station in the district.

Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction
Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, also translated as Districts under Republican Subordination (Russian: Районы республиканского подчинения; Tajik: Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ, romanized: Nohiyahoyi tobe’i jumhuriy), is a region in Tajikistan, consisting of 9 districts and 4 district-level cities that are directly under central administration. Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, is surrounded by the Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, but not part of it. The region shares a border with Dushanbe, Sughd, GBAO, Khatlon, Kyrgyzstan (Batken and Osh regions) and Uzbekistan (Surxondaryo). The region covers an area of 28,500 square kilometres, and has a total population of 2,165,900 (2020). The Districts' ethnic composition in 2010 was 85% Tajik and 11.7% Uzbek.
Lynedoch, Ontario
Lynedoch is a village in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada, and was named after Baron Lynedoch who served under Lord Wellington during the War of 1812.

Lynedoch is located northwest of Pine Grove, southwest of Delhi, and west of Simcoe.

Delhi, Ontario
Delhi (/ˈdɛlhaɪ/; DEL-hy) refers to both a former township and unincorporated community located off of the junction of Ontario Highways 59 and 3.  Delhi is known as the "Heart of Tobacco Country." Prior to 1880, this community was known for its lumber industry. One of the Communities in Norfolk County, Ontario, Delhi, had a population of 4,240 at the time of the 2016 Census.

Founded by Frederick Sovereen (spelled Sovereign by a few sources), the settlement was called  Sovereen's Corners or Sovereign's Corners and was located in Middleton Township. Later, the community was renamed Fredericksburg and, in 1856, to its present-day name of Delhi. The name is usually attributed locally to a postmaster honouring the major city of Delhi, India.
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants is an international environmental treaty, signed on 22 May 2001 in Stockholm and effective from 17 May 2004, that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

Polychlorinated naphthalene
Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) are the products obtained upon treatment of naphthalene with chlorine. The generic chemical formula is C10H8−(m+n)Cl(m+n).  Commercial PCNs are mixtures of up to 75 components and byproducts. The material is an oil or a waxy solid, depending on the degree of chlorination. PCNs were once used in insulating coatings for electrical wires, as well as other applications, but their use has been largely phased out.
King Fahd Causeway
The King Fahd Causeway (Arabic: جسر الملك فهد, romanized: Jisr al-Malik Fahd) is a 25 km (15.5 mi) long series of bridges and causeways connecting Khobar, Saudi Arabia, and Al Jasra, Bahrain across the Gulf of Bahrain.

Its five bridges rest on 536 concrete pylons, with seven embankments in the gulf's shallower water. One of the embankments, known as Middle Island (الجزيرة الوسطى, al-Jazirat al-Wustaa), has been converted into a sizeable artificial island with customs and immigration facilities, a mosque and gardens, and fast-food restaurants now known as Passport Island. Another island towards the eastern end of the causeway belongs to Bahrain and is known as Umm an Nasan (ام النعسان, Um al-Na'saan).

The causeway opened on the 26th of November 1986, making it the first bridge that connects an Island nation to the rest of continental world.

Causeway
A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Track in the Somerset Levels, England, which dates from the Neolithic age. Timber causeways may also be described as both boardwalks and bridges.
USPSA Asia Pacific Championship
The USPSA Asia Pacific Championship are yearly USPSA matches held by the Philippine Shooters and Match Officers Confederation (PSMOC). The first championship was held in 2016 at the Front Sight Shooting Range, Manila, Philippines. The 2017 USPSA Asia Pacific Championship is set to be held in the second half of 2017.

United States Practical Shooting Association
The United States Practical Shooting Association (USPSA) is the national governing body of practical shooting in the United States under the International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC). Its over 42,000 active members  and over 500 affiliated clubs make USPSA the largest practical shooting organization in the United States and the second largest region within IPSC after the Russian Federation of Practical Shooting. USPSA publishes a monthly member magazine called Front Sight.
Cathy Patra
Catherine Mbabazi commonly known as Cathy Patra is a Ugandan dancer, choreographer, fashion model and businesswoman. She won the Best Choreography in Africa award and her group RVC won Best Dancing Group in Africa at the 2021 Zikomo Awards in Zambia.

Sheebah Karungi
Sheebah Karungi (born 11 November 1989), professionally known as Queen Karma and Sheebah, is a Ugandan musician, dancer, actress and feminist activist.

She debuted her acting career in Queen of Katwe as Shakira. After quitting Obsessions, a dance group she joined in 2006, she started making music and later rose to recognition upon the release of her hit single "Ice Cream". In 2014, she released her debut project Ice Cream, a five-track EP which did well commercially and led her to win back-to-back HiPipo Music Awards Best Female Artist in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024. She also won the Artist of the Year award twice, in 2017, 2018, and 2019 at the HiPipo Music Awards. In 2024, she was appointed vice president of the Uganda National Musician Federation assisting Eddy Kenzo who is the president of the federation.
Robert Stallman
Robert Stallman (1946–2019) was an American classical flutist, arranger, and music educator. He premiered several works by contemporary composers including Karel Husa, William Thomas McKinley, and Burr Van Nostrand, and was the first to record works by several others including John Harbison's Die Kuerze. In the 1990s, he recorded six albums of flute sonatas and concertos for the VAI label.

Burr Van Nostrand
Burr Van Nostrand (born 1945) is an American classical composer and cellist. He is known for his avant-garde works which use aleatory and graphic notation and were composed from the 1960s through the 1980s. Van Nostrand was born in Los Angeles and began composing while still in high school in San Diego. He studied cello at Yale with Aldo Parisot and composition at the New England Conservatory under Robert Cogan. After his graduation from the NEC with a Masters in Music in 1971, he spent four years in the Netherlands at the Gaudeamus Foundation where several of his works were premiered. He stopped composing in the late 1980s but remained active as a cellist until 2000. There was renewed interest in his music following a concert of his early works at the New England Conservatory in 2012 and the release of a CD the following year containing his 1969 Voyage in a White Building I and two other works from that period.
Ardgartan
Ardgartan is a hamlet in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is located on the shores of Loch Long at the bottom of Glen Croe.

Ardgartan lies within the Argyll Forest Park which itself is within the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Commerce City/72nd station
Commerce City/72nd station (sometimes stylized as Commerce City•72nd) is a station on the N Line of the Denver RTD commuter rail system in Commerce City, Colorado. It is the second station northbound from Union Station and is located at the west end of 72nd Avenue. Access to the Bennet R. Fernald Trail is provided at the southern end of the station. The station opened on September 21, 2020.

N Line (RTD)
The N Line, also known as the North Metro Rail Line during construction, is a commuter rail line which is part of the commuter and light rail system owned by the Regional Transportation District (RTD) in the Denver metropolitan area in Colorado. The first 13 miles (21 km) from downtown Denver to 124th Avenue in Thornton opened as part of the FasTracks expansion plan on September 21, 2020. When fully built out, the line will be 18.5 miles (29.8 km) long and pass through Denver, Commerce City, Northglenn, and Thornton. The N Line features Colorado's longest bridge at 9,533 feet (1.8 mi; 2.9 km) called the Skyway Bridge. While other RTD commuter lines are operated by Denver Transit Partners for RTD, this is the only line operated by RTD itself.
Kirk's Fire Investigation
Kirk's Fire Investigation by David J. Icove and Gerald A. Haynes has long been regarded as the primary textbook in the field of fire investigation.   It is currently in its 8th edition (published in 2017, ISBN 978-0134237923).

The book is now in close accordance to the 2017 Edition of NFPA 921, Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigation; the 2014 Edition of NFPA 1033, Standard for Professional Guidelines for Fire Investigators; and the model curriculum of the Fire Emergency Service Higher Education (FESHE).

The title refers to Paul Leland Kirk (1902–1970), the author of the original text Fire Investigation that was the basis for Kirk's Fire Investigation. "Kirk's Fire Investigation," a seminal guide that continues to serve as an essential resource for fire investigators around the globe, reflecting the ongoing relevance of Kirk's foundational insights and methodologies in the field.

Fire investigation
Fire investigation (sometimes referred to as origin and cause investigation) is the analysis of fire-related incidents. After firefighters extinguish a fire, an investigation is launched to determine the origin and cause of the fire or explosion. These investigations can occur in two stages. The first stage is an investigation of the scene of the fire to establish its origin and cause. The second step is to conduct laboratory examination on the retrieved samples. Investigations of such incidents require a systematic approach and knowledge of fire science.
The Daytona Beach News-Journal
The Daytona Beach News-Journal is a Florida daily newspaper serving Volusia and Flagler Counties.

It grew from the Halifax Journal, which was started in 1883. The Davidson family purchased the newspaper in 1928 and retained control until bankruptcy in 2009. In 1986, The Morning Journal and Evening News merged into one morning newspaper. The newspaper began its online services in 1994.

Copies are sold at $2 daily or $3 Sundays/Thanksgiving Day. Prices are higher outside Flagler, Volusia and adjacent counties.

Volusia County, Florida
Volusia County (/vəˈluːʃə/ ⓘ, və-LOO-shə) is a county located in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Florida between the St. Johns River and the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2020 census, the county was home to 553,543 people, an increase of 11.9% from the 2010 census. It was founded on December 29, 1854, from a portion of Orange County, and was named for the community of Volusia, located in northwestern Volusia County. The original county seat was Enterprise. Since 1887, the county seat has been DeLand. Volusia County is part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach metropolitan statistical area, as well as part of the larger Orlando–Deltona–Daytona Beach Combined statistical area.