hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Network Rail
Network Rail Limited is the owner and infrastructure manager of most of the railway network in Great Britain. Network Rail is a non-departmental public body of the Department for Transport with no shareholders, which reinvests its income in the railways.

Network Rail's main customers are the train operating companies (TOCs), responsible for passenger transport, and freight operating companies (FOCs), who provide train services on the infrastructure that the company owns and maintains. Since 1 September 2014, Network Rail has been classified as a "public sector body".

To cope with rapidly increasing passenger numbers, (as of 2021) Network Rail has been undertaking a £38 billion programme of upgrades to the network, including Crossrail, electrification of lines and upgrading Thameslink.

In May 2021, the UK government announced its intent to merge Network Rail's responsibilities with other railway operations into a new public body called Great British Railways.

Railtrack
Railtrack was a group of companies that owned the track, signalling, tunnels, bridges, level crossings and all but a handful of the stations of the British railway system from 1994 until 2002. It was created as part of the privatisation of British Rail, listed on the London Stock Exchange, and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. In 2002, after experiencing major financial difficulty, most of Railtrack's operations were transferred to the state-controlled non-profit company Network Rail. The remainder of Railtrack was renamed RT Group plc and eventually dissolved on 22 June 2010.
Judy Clark
Judy Clark (June 9, 1921 – December 27, 2002) was an American film and television actress and singer. Clark adopted a brash and energetic singing style, similar to that of musical-comedy star Betty Hutton.

Bruce Gentry – Daredevil of the Skies
Bruce Gentry – Daredevil of the Skies is a 15-episode Columbia Pictures movie serial released in 1949 based on the Bruce Gentry comic strip created by Ray Bailey. It features the first cinematic appearance of a flying saucer, as the secret weapon of the villainous Recorder.
885 Naval Air Squadron
885 Naval Air Squadron (885 NAS) was a Naval Air Squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm. First formed on 1 March 1941, the squadron served as a fighter squadron during the Second World War. It operated in the Mediterranean in 1942–43, where it took part in Operation Torch, the Anglo-American invasion of French North Africa, the Allied invasion of Sicily and the Allied invasion of Italy. In 1944 it took part in the Allied invasion of Normandy, spotting for Allied artillery bombardments and in 1945, was deployed as part of the British Pacific Fleet. It was disbanded for the last time on 27 September 1945.

HMS Nabaron
HMS Nabaron was a Royal Navy (RN)  Mobile Operational Naval Air Base (MONAB) which was situated at the United States Navy (USN) airfield NAS Ponam Airfield on Ponam Island, Admiralty Islands in Papua New Guinea, which had been transferred to RN on loan. HMS Nabaron was also known as MONAB IV and Royal Naval Air Station Ponam (or RNAS Ponam).
Mapleton, Illinois
Mapleton is a small village in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Mapleton had a population of 261. Mapleton is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. There are four different plants in Mapleton, all located along U.S. Route 24: an Evonik chemical plant, an Arxada, LLC plant (formerly Lonza Group), a Caterpillar Inc. foundry, and an Ingredion facility.

Peoria County, Illinois
Peoria County is located in the U.S. state of Illinois. The 2020 United States census listed its population at 181,830. Its county seat is Peoria. Peoria County is part of the Peoria metropolitan area.
L'Haridon Bight
L'Haridon Bight is one of the bays on the eastern side of the Peron Peninsula in the Shark Bay World Heritage Site in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia.

At its southern end lies Shell Beach, which is part of the very narrow Taillefer Isthmus that leads to the Peron Peninsula to the north. Its mouth at the north is just south west of Faure Island, where two points define its northern reach – Petit Point in the eastern part, and Dubaut Point to the west on the Peron Peninsula.  It is one of locations in the Shark Bay where the water is hypersaline, and is also where a marine reserve exists.

Taillefer Isthmus
The Taillefer Isthmus (French: Isthme Taillefer) is an Australian isthmus linking Peron Peninsula to the coast of Western Australia in the Gascoyne region. Its western coast is formed by Henri Freycinet Harbour, its eastern one by L'Haridon Bight, both bodies of waters being part of Shark Bay.

The isthmus is named after Hubert Jules Taillefer, a French physician who took part in the Baudin expedition to Australia. It was later traversed by Augustus Charles Gregory.
Prince William Board of County Supervisors
The Prince William Board of County Supervisors is the policy-making body for the government of Prince William County, Virginia. The county is divided into seven magisterial districts: Brentsville, Coles, Gainesville, Neabsco, Occoquan, Potomac, and Woodbridge. The magisterial districts each elect one supervisor to the Board of Supervisors. There is also a Chairman elected by the county at-large, bringing total Board membership to 8. A Vice-Chairman and a Chairman Pro-Tem are selected by the Board from amongst its membership. The current Chairman is Democrat Deshundra Jefferson.

Prince William County, Virginia
Prince William County lies beside the Potomac River in the Commonwealth of Virginia. At the 2020 census, the population was 482,204, making it Virginia's second most populous county. The county seat is the independent city of Manassas. A part of Northern Virginia, Prince William County is part of the Washington metropolitan area. In 2020, it had the 24th highest income of any county in the United States. The county is named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, the youngest son of King George II.
Tunxis State Forest
Tunxis State Forest is a state forest located in the towns of Hartland, Barkhamsted, and Granby in Connecticut, United States. The forest surrounds Barkhamsted Reservoir and borders the Granville State Forest in Massachusetts. The forest is used for hiking, mountain biking, cross-country skiing, fishing, hunting, and letterboxing. Several trails cross the forest, including the northern end of the blue-blazed Tunxis Trail.

Hartland, Connecticut
Hartland is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,901 at the 2020 census. The rural town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region and forms the northwestern border of Hartford County. Currently, the town consists of two unincorporated areas, East and West Hartland, entirely separated by the northern portion of the Barkhamsted Reservoir. A third area, Hartland Hollow (also referred to as Hartland Center), was flooded when the reservoir was completed in 1940.
Homburg, Saarland
Homburg (German pronunciation: [ˈhɔmbʊʁk] ⓘ; French: Hombourg, [ɔ̃buʁ]; Palatine German: Humborch [ˈhʊmbɔɐ̯ɕ]) is a town in Saarland, Germany and the administrative seat of the Saarpfalz district. With a population of  43,029 inhabitants (2022), it is the third largest town in the state. The city offers over 30,000 workplaces. The medical department of the University of Saarland is situated here. The city is also home to the Karlsberg beer brewery. Major employers include Robert Bosch GmbH, Schaeffler Group and Michelin.

Karlsberg (brewery)
Karlsberg (German pronunciation: [ˈkaʁlsˌbɛɐ̯k] ⓘ; Palatine German pronunciation: [ˈkaːls.bɛɐ̯ɕ]) is one of the largest breweries in Germany; the Karlsberg Group also owns various other beer brands. It is called Karlsbräu outside of Germany to differentiate it from the Danish brewing company Carlsberg.
Absecon Public School District
The Absecon Public School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade from Absecon, in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 921 students and 97.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.5:1.

For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students from Absecon attend the Pleasantville High School in Pleasantville as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Pleasantville Public Schools. As of the 2024–25 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 997 students and 74.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.5:1. Students are also eligible to attend the Atlantic County Institute of Technology and Charter-Tech High School for the Performing Arts.

Pleasantville High School (New Jersey)
Pleasantville High School is a comprehensive community public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grade from the City of Pleasantville, in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Pleasantville Public Schools, an Abbott District.

Students from Absecon attend the district's high school for grades 9-12 as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Absecon Public School District.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 797 students and 70.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.4:1. There were 531 students (66.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 50 (6.3% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Taj al-Dawla Ziyar
Taj al-Dawla Ziyar was the Baduspanid ruler (ustandar) of Rustamdar from 1325 to 1333. He succeeded to the throne after instigating the murder of his predecessor and brother Nasir al-Din Shahriyar through his son Iskandar.

He defeated his brother Izz al-Dawla, who opposed him and had sought support from the Mongol Ilkhanate. He died in 1333 in Kavir, and was succeeded by his son Jalal al-Dawla Iskandar.

Baduspanids
The Baduspanids,  Paduspanids or Badusbanids (Persian: بادوسپانیان, romanized: Bâduspâniân), were a local Iranian dynasty of Tabaristan which ruled over Ruyan/Rustamdar. The dynasty was established in 665, and with 933 years of rule as the longest dynasty in Iran, it ended in 1598 when the Safavids invaded and conquered their domains.
Lynemouth
Lynemouth is a village in Northumberland, England, 3 miles (5 km) northeast of Ashington, close to the village of Ellington to the north west. It was built close to coal mines, including Lynemouth Colliery.

Lynemouth and the surrounding industrial area featured in the 1985 docudrama Seacoal about the seacoalers who made a living from collecting waste coal from the beach. A series of photographs in the Henri Cartier-Bresson Award–winning book In Flagrante (1988) by Chris Killip shows the work and life of the seacoalers; more were published in 2011 in the book Seacoal.

To the south of the village is the former Alcan Lynemouth Aluminium Smelter, now closed, and Lynemouth Power Station.

Ellington, Northumberland
Ellington is a small village in the civil parish of Ellington and Linton, on the coast of Northumberland, England. Ellington is 4 miles (6 km) from Ashington, 6 miles (10 km) from Morpeth and 20 miles (32 km)  north of Newcastle upon Tyne.

Ellington was the site of the last remaining operational deep coal mine in North East England. Ellington Colliery closed on 26 January 2005. It was the last deep mine in the UK to extract coal from under the sea.

The name of the village is thought to derive from the Saxon meaning descendants of Ella.

Today, Ellington is made up almost exclusively of private housing. It has one school, village shops, and one public house, the Plough Inn.
Janko group
In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, the Janko groups are the four sporadic simple groups  J1,  J2,  J3 and  J4 introduced by Zvonimir Janko.   Unlike the Mathieu groups, Conway groups, or Fischer groups, the Janko groups do not form a series, and the relation among the four groups is mainly historical rather than mathematical.

Sporadic group
In the mathematical classification of finite simple groups, there are a number of groups which do not fit into any infinite family. These are called the sporadic simple groups, or the sporadic finite groups, or just the sporadic groups.

A simple group is a group G that does not have any normal subgroups except for the trivial group and G itself. The mentioned classification theorem states that the list of finite simple groups consists of 18 countably infinite families plus 26 exceptions that do not follow such a systematic pattern. These 26 exceptions are the sporadic groups.  The Tits group is sometimes regarded as a sporadic group because it is not strictly a group of Lie type, in which case there would be 27 sporadic groups.

The monster group, or friendly giant, is the largest of the sporadic groups, and all but six of the other sporadic groups are subquotients of it.
Tomohiro Ogawa
Tomohiro Ogawa (小川 智大, Ogawa Tomohiro; born 4 July 1996) is a Japanese male volleyball player from Yokohama city in Kanagawa Prefecture. He plays in SV.League for Suntory Sunbirds and Japan men's national volleyball team.

2022–23 V.League Division 1 Men's
The 2022–23 V.League Division 1 Men's is the 29th tournament of the V.League which began from 22 October 2022 to 23 April 2023.

Wolfdogs Nagoya beat defending champion Suntory Sunbirds with straight sets in final match to regain the title of V.League after seven years. Bartosz Kurek was named the MVP of the season. Oita Miyoshi Weisse Adler demoted to V.League Division 2 after losing in the V.Challenge match.
Symphyllophyton
Symphyllophyton is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gentianaceae.

Its native range is Brazil.

Species:

Symphyllophyton campos-portoi Gilg-Ben.

Symphyllophyton caprifolioides Gilg

Gentianaceae
Gentianaceae is a family of flowering plants of 105 genera and about 1650 species. Species in this family inhabit every continent except the antarctic, and have been used around the world for centuries as traditional medicine.
Volvo 140 Series
The Volvo 140 Series is a line of mid-size cars manufactured and marketed by Volvo from 1966 to 1974 in two- and four-door sedan (models 142 and 144 respectively) as well as five-door station wagon (model 145) body styles, with numerous intermediate facelifts. More than a million Volvo 140s were built in 8 years.

Volvo B18 engine
The B18 is a 1.8 L inline four cylinder overhead valve automobile engine produced by Volvo from 1961 through 1968. A larger 2.0 L derivative called the B20 debuted in 1969.

Despite being a pushrod design, the engines can rev to 6,500 rpm. They are also reputed to be very durable. The world's highest mileage car, a 1966 Volvo P1800S, traveled more than 4,890,993 km (3,039,122 mi) on its original B18 engine.
Third Street station (BMT Fifth Avenue Line)
The Third Street station was a station on the demolished section of the BMT Fifth Avenue Line in Brooklyn, New York City. Served by trains of the BMT Culver Line and BMT Fifth Avenue Line, and had 2 tracks and 1 island platform. The station was opened on June 22, 1889, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and Third Street. The next stop to the north was Union Street. The next stop to the south was Ninth Street. It closed on May 31, 1940.

This station served Washington Park, the home of the National League Brooklyn Dodgers prior to Ebbets Field, and the Federal League's Brooklyn Tip-Tops.

Fifth Avenue Line (Brooklyn elevated)
The Fifth Avenue Line, also called the Fifth Avenue Elevated or Fifth Avenue–Bay Ridge Line, was an elevated rail line in Brooklyn, New York City, United States. It ran above Hudson Avenue, Flatbush Avenue, Fifth Avenue, 38th Street, and Third Avenue from Downtown Brooklyn south to Bay Ridge. The portion on Third Avenue was called the Third Avenue Elevated to distinguish service from the elevated BMT West End Line; it was separate from the elevated IRT Third Avenue Line in Manhattan and the Bronx.
Globe effect
The globe effect, also known as rolling ball effect, is an optical illusion which can occur with optical instruments used visually, in particular binoculars or telescopes. If such an instrument is rectilinear, or free of rectilinear distortion, some observers get the impression of an image rolling on a convex surface when the instrument is panned.

Distortion (optics)
In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image. It is a form of optical aberration that may be distinguished from other aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, chromatic aberration, field curvature, and astigmatism in a sense that these impact the image sharpness without changing an object shape or structure in the image (e.g., a straight line in an object is still a straight line in the image although the image sharpness may be degraded by the mentioned aberrations) while distortion can change the object structure in the image (so named as distortion).
Comanche language
Comanche (English: /kəˈmæntʃi/, endonym Nʉmʉ Tekwapʉ̲) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Comanche, who split from the Shoshone soon after the Comanche had acquired horses around 1705. The Comanche language and the Shoshoni language are quite similar, but certain consonant changes in Comanche have inhibited mutual intelligibility.

The name Comanche comes from the Ute word kɨmantsi "enemy, stranger". Their own name for the language is nʉmʉ tekwapʉ, which means "language of the people".

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Francis Webb (engineer)
Francis William Webb (21 May 1836 – 4 June 1906) was an English railway engineer responsible for the design and manufacture of locomotives for the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). As the LNWR's chief mechanical engineer, he also exercised great influence in political and public life in the Cheshire town of Crewe, once being described as the 'King of Crewe'.

LNWR Improved Precedent Class
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) Improved Precedent Class or Renewed Precedent Class is a class of 2-4-0 steam locomotives originally designed for express passenger work. They later gained the nickname of Jumbos.
Pascack Valley High School
Pascack Valley High School (PVHS) is a four-year comprehensive regional public high school located in Hillsdale in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades as one of two secondary schools in the Pascack Valley Regional High School District. Pascack Valley High School serves the residents of both Hillsdale and neighboring River Vale, while its counterpart Pascack Hills High School serves the communities of Woodcliff Lake and Montvale. As part of its 1:1 eLearning Initiative, the school has provided a laptop to every student, teacher, and administrator for educational use.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 955 students and 93.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.2:1. There were 12 students (1.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 8 (0.8% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey
Woodcliff Lake is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 6,128, an increase of 398 (+6.9%) from the 2010 census count of 5,730, which in turn reflected a decline of 15 (−0.3%) from the 5,745 counted in the 2000 census. Most of the borough mandates a minimum lot size of 22,500 square feet (2,090 m2) for single-family homes, with portions on the borough's east zoned for 15,000 square feet (1,400 m2) and portions of the borough's northwest and southwest zoned for 30,000 square feet (2,800 m2) lots.

Woodcliff Lake is also the name of the reservoir that lies predominantly within the borough, with a small portion at the southeastern edge located in neighboring Hillsdale.
Kovin
Kovin (Serbian Cyrillic: Ковин, Hungarian: Kevevára) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 11,623, while the municipality has 28,141 inhabitants (2022 census).

Ráckeve
Ráckeve (Serbian: Српски Ковин, Srpski Kovin) is a town on Csepel Island in the county of Pest County, Hungary. Its residents are mainly Magyars, with a minority of Serbs.

The Serbian Kovin Monastery, the oldest in Hungary and one of two in the Diocese of Buda of the Serbian Orthodox Church was built in 1487 in the center of Ráckeve. Also located in the center of the town is the Savoy Castle of Prince Eugene of Savoy, which was built in the baroque style between the years 1701 and 1702 by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt.
1983 UCLA Bruins softball team
The 1983 UCLA Bruins softball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 1983 NCAA Division I softball season.  The Bruins were coached by Sharron Backus, who led her ninth season.  The Bruins played their home games at Sunset Field and finished with a record of 40–7.  They competed in the Western Collegiate Athletic Association, where they finished tied for first with a 17–3 record.

The Bruins were invited to the 1983 NCAA Division I softball tournament, where they swept the Northeast Regional to advance to the Women's College World Series for the second consecutive year.  They finished third after defeating Missouri, Louisiana Tech, and South Carolina and losing to eventual runner-up Cal State Fullerton and eventual champion Texas A&M.

1983 NCAA Division I softball tournament
The 1983 NCAA Division I softball tournament were held in May at the end of the 1983 NCAA Division I softball season. Sixteen Division I college softball teams competed in the NCAA tournament's first round, which consisted of eight regionals with two teams each. The winner of each region, a total of eight teams, advanced to the 1983 Women's College World Series in Omaha, Nebraska. The 1983 Women's College World Series was the second NCAA-sponsored championship in the sport of college softball at the Division I level.  The event was held in Omaha, Nebraska from May 25 through May 29 and marked the conclusion of the 1983 NCAA Division I softball season. Texas A&M, following up its 1982 AIAW WCWS title, won the championship by defeating Cal State Fullerton 2–1 in the final game.