hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Schacht
Joseph Franz Schacht (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːzɛf ʃaxt] ⓘ, 15 March 1902 – 1 August 1969) was a British-German professor of Arabic and Islam at Columbia University in New York. He was the leading Western scholar in the areas of Islamic law and hadith studies, whose Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence (1950) is still considered a centrally important work on the subject. The author of many articles in the first and second editions of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, Schacht also co-edited the second edition of The Legacy of Islam and authored a textbook titled An Introduction to Islamic Law (1964).

Al-Shafi'i
Al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الشَّافِعِيّ, romanized: al-Shāfiʿī; IPA: [a(l) ʃaːfiʕiː] ⓘ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the  principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: al-Risala. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influencing the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact,": 270  and "beginning a new phase of the development of legal theory.": 239–273

Born in Gaza, Palestine, to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he relocated at the age of two and was raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran.
Kamay, Texas
Kamay (/ˈkeɪmeɪ/ KAY-may) is an unincorporated community in Wichita County, Texas, United States. It had an estimated population of 640 in 2000.

Kamay is part of the Wichita Falls, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Wichita County, Texas
Wichita County (/ˈwɪtʃɪtɔː/ WITCH-ih-taw) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 129,350. The county seat is Wichita Falls. The county was created in 1858 and organized in 1882. Wichita County is part of the Wichita Falls, Texas, TX metropolitan statistical area.
Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway
The Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway was an early British railway company which opened in stages between 1841 and 1845 between Sheffield and Manchester via Ashton-under-Lyne. The Peak District formed a formidable barrier, and the line's engineer constructed Woodhead Tunnel, over three miles (4.8 km) long. The company amalgamated with the Sheffield and Lincolnshire Junction Railway and Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction Railway companies, together forming the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway in 1847.

In the twentieth century the line carried an exceptionally heavy freight traffic, and it was electrified in 1954; at that time a new Woodhead Tunnel was driven. In 1974 the major part of the route was closed to passenger trains, leaving passenger operation continuing only on the Manchester–Hadfield section, and in 1981 the line east of Hadfield closed completely. The Manchester–Hadfield–Glossop section and a branch to Stalybridge remain in use.

Dinting railway station
Dinting railway station serves the village of Dinting in Derbyshire, England. It is a stop on the Glossop line and, prior to the Woodhead Line's closure in 1981, Dinting was a station on the Great Central Main Line between Manchester Piccadilly and Sheffield Victoria.
Mugnano di Napoli
Mugnano di Napoli is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region of Campania, about 10 km northwest of Naples.

Mugnano di Napoli borders the municipalities of Calvizzano, Giugliano in Campania, Marano di Napoli, Melito di Napoli, Naples and Villaricca.

Scuola Filippo Illuminato is a local school named for Filippo Illuminato (1930-1943), a partisan who won the Gold Medal of Military Valour.

Villaricca
Villaricca, known until 17 May 1871 as Panicocoli (Neapolitan: Panecuócole), is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region of Campania, located about 10 km northwest of Naples.

It is the birthplace of popular Italian singer Sergio Bruni and the venerable physician and priest Vittorio De Marino.
Max Hopp
Max Hopp (born 20 August 1996) is a German professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He won 2 PDC ranking titles in 2018, becoming the first German to win a Pro Tour event and the first to win on the PDC European Tour.

In his youth career, Hopp won the 2015 PDC World Youth Championship and a title on the PDC Development Tour.

Benito van de Pas
Benito van de Pas (born 18 January 1993) is a former Dutch professional darts player who formerly competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. Van de Pas obtained a PDC Tour Card in 2014 and won three ranking Players Championship events on the 2016 PDC Pro Tour. He is a three-time quarter-finalist in PDC major events, reaching the last eight at the 2015 Players Championship Finals and the World Grand Prix in 2016 and 2017. However, his form declined and he lost his Tour Card at the end of 2020.
Trevor Brazile
Trevor Brazile (born November 16, 1976) is a semi-retired American rodeo cowboy who competed in the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) and partners with a cowboy named Miles Baker. He was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 2022. He holds the record for the most PRCA world championship titles with 26. He won his 26th title in 2020. He also holds the record for the most all-around cowboy world champion titles at 14, breaking the record of 7 titles held by Ty Murray; Murray's last earned was in 1998.

National Finals Steer Roping
The National Finals Steer Roping (NFSR), organized by the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA), is the premier championship steer roping event in the United States. It showcases the talents of the PRCA's top 15 money winners in the steer roping world standings at the end of the regular season as they compete for the world championship.
Hypate
In Greek mythology, Hypate /ˈhɪpətiː/ (Ὑπάτη) was one of the three Muses of the lyre who were worshipped at Delphi, where the Temple of Apollo and the Oracle were located. Her name was also used to describe the first (lowest) note of the first tetrachord in ancient Greek music, which was also the tallest string on the lyre. Her sisters who were worshipped along with her were Nete and Mese, who also have notes named after them in ancient Greek music theory. These three muses were comparable to the original three, Aoide, Melete, and Mneme. Alternatively, they were Cephisso, Apollonis, and Borysthenis, which portrayed them as the daughters of Apollo.

In his Quaestiones Convivales, Plutarch acknowledged the role of Urania as the muse of the heavens, but also gave Hypate and her sisters an astronomical role. According to the text, the universe was harmonically divided into three parts: the fixed stars, the planets, and then everything under the moon. Hypate took care of the former.

Mese (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Mese (/ˈmiːsiː/; Ancient Greek: Μέση) was one of the three Muses of the lyre together with her sisters Nete and Hypate. They were worshipped at Delphi, where the Temple of Apollo and the Oracle were located. Mese was the Muse of the middle cord of the seven noted lyre and represented one of the three strings of the said popular Greek musical instrument.

These three muses were comparable to the original three, Aoide, Melete, and Mneme. Alternatively, they were Cephisso, Apollonis, and Borysthenis, which portrayed them as the daughters of Apollo.

In his Quaestiones Convivales, Plutarch acknowledged the role of Urania as the muse of the heavens, but also gave Mese and her sisters an astronomical role. According to the text, the universe was harmonically divided into three parts: the fixed stars, the planets, and then everything under the moon. Mese took care of the second one.
Maurice de Sully
Maurice de Sully (pronounced [mɔʁis də syli]; died 11 September 1196) was Bishop of Paris from 1160 until his retirement in 1196. He was responsible for the construction of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.

Archdiocese of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: Archidioecesis Parisiensis; French: Archidiocèse de Paris) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on October 20, 1622. Before that date the bishops were suffragan to the archbishops of Sens.
Sinopesa
Sinopesa is a genus of spiders in the family Nemesiidae. It is found in China and on Ryukyu Islands in Japan. It was first described in 1995 by Raven & Schwendinger. As of 2023, it contains 8 Asian species.

Nemesiidae
Nemesiidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae". The family is sometimes referred to as wishbone spiders due to the shape of their burrows.
Al-Khaldiya SC
Al-Khaldiya Sports Club, also known as Al Khalidiyah, is a professional football club based in Northern Riffa, Bahrain, that competes in the Bahraini Premier League, the top domestic football competition. It is the newest formed football club in Bahrain, established in 2020. The home ground of the team is Bahrain National Stadium with a capacity of 28,900. The club's name Al-Khaldiya ("الخالدية") means eternity.

King's Cup (Bahrain)
The King's Cup is Bahrain's premier knockout tournament in men's football.

The national cup has had many different names over the years. Emir Cup (1952–59 & 1978–2002), Federation Cup (1960–77) and King's Cup (2003–present).
St Osyth
St Osyth is an English village and civil parish in the Tendring District of north-east Essex, about five miles (eight kilometres) west of Clacton-on-Sea and 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Colchester. It lies on the B1027, Colchester–Clacton road. The village is named after Osgyth, a seventh-century saint and princess. Locally, the name is sometimes pronounced "Toosey". It is claimed to be the driest recorded place in the United Kingdom. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 5,157.

Ursula Kemp
Ursula Kemp or Ursley Kempe alias Grey (ca. 1525 – 1582) was an English cunning woman and midwife who in 1582 was tried for witchcraft and hanged. Kemp was accused of (and apparently confessed to) using familiars to kill and bring sickness to her neighbour.
Humjoli
Humjoli (transl. Fellow) is a 1970 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film, produced by Prasan Kapoor under the Tirupati Pictures banner and directed by T. R. Ramanna. The film stars Jeetendra, Leena Chandavarkar, and is music composed by Laxmikant Pyarelal. It is a remake of the Tamil film Panakkara Kudumbam (1964).

Panakkara Kudumbam
Panakkara Kudumbam (transl. Rich Family) is a 1964 Indian Tamil-language film starring M. G. Ramachandran. The film was released on 24 April 1964, and ran for more than 150 days in theatres. The film was remade in Hindi in 1970 as Humjoli, in Kannada in 1978 as Bhale Huduga, and in Telugu in 1984 as Intiguttu. All versions except Intiguttu were directed by the same director, T. R. Ramanna.
Bageshwar district
Bageshwar district is a district of Uttarakhand state in northern India. The town of Bageshwar is the district headquarters. Prior to its establishment as a district in 1997 it was part of Almora district.

Bageshwar district is in Kumaon, and is bounded on the west and northwest by Chamoli District, on the northeast and east by Pithoragarh District, and on the south by Almora District.

As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Uttarakhand (out of 13), after Rudraprayag and Champawat.

Kapkot
Kapkot or Kapkote is a town in Bageshwar district, Uttarakhand, India. It houses the headquarters of Kapkot Tehsil, the largest administrative subdivision of Bageshwar district. It is known for being the last bus terminus on the route to Pindari Glacier. Kapkot is located almost 25 kilometres (16 mi) from its district headquarters at Bageshwar.
Prospect High School (Illinois)
Prospect High School, or Prospect, is a public four-year high school in Mount Prospect, Illinois, United States. It is part of Township High School District 214, which also includes Buffalo Grove High School, Elk Grove High School, John Hersey High School, Rolling Meadows High School, and Wheeling High School. It serves central Mount Prospect and a large portion of east Arlington Heights close to the Mt. Prospect village limits. Its feeder schools are Lincoln Middle School, South Middle School, Friendship Junior High School and Holmes Junior High School.

Township High School District 214
Township High School District 214 is located in Cook County, Illinois. It is the state's second largest high school district by enrollment. Its headquarters are in Arlington Heights. The district serves most of Wheeling Township and Elk Grove Township, and a small part of Palatine Township.
Westminster Christian Academy (Missouri)
Westminster Christian Academy is an independent coeducational private Christian school in Town and Country, Missouri, serving students in grades 7–12. As of 2023, the school has an enrollment of 946 students. It was founded in 1976 and moved to its present campus in 2011.

Ladue School District
The Ladue School District is a public school district in Ladue, Missouri, with four elementary, one middle, and one high school, with a special Fifth Grade Center. The district serves 4,180 total students, and employs 280 full-time classroom teachers.  As one of the top districts in the nation, the district houses a talented student base who excel academically, including in Science Olympiad events and VEX Robotics . The total operating revenue is $49.9 mil. with $50.2 mil. operating expenses. Ladue spends $11,903 per student, and pays an average of $62,697 per teacher ($41,000-$101,542). According to Newsweek (June 19, 2011 issue), Ladue ranks in the top 2% of public schools in the nation. It serves an area encompassing 19 sq. mi. with more than 27,000 residents. It includes all or part of 10 communities including Ladue, Creve Coeur, Crystal Lake Park, Frontenac, Huntleigh, Olivette, Richmond Heights, Town and Country, Unincorporated St. Louis County, and Westwood.
Shri Krishna Memorial Hall
Shri Krishna Memorial Hall (popularly known as S K Memorial Hall) is a multipurpose arena located in the Gandhi Maidan area of Patna, Bihar. It was built in honour of the first Chief Minister of Bihar, Sri Krishna Sinha. Originally completed in 1976 with a seating capacity of 2,000, the centre has undergone numerous renovations and expansions. It is second largest auditorium in Bihar. It can also be used for conventions, trade shows, concert performances, banquets and other events.

Gandhi Maidan Marg
Gandhi Maidan or Gandhi Maidan Marg (Bankipore Maidan) is one of the most important thoroughfares in Patna, India. It is a historical place and is considered as a landmark of the city. Gandhi Maidan is the main market and commercial area of Patna with Ashok Rajpath which starts from Gandhi Maidan and Dak Bungalow Crossing and Bailey Road besides Frazer Road, Exhibition Road, Boring Road, and Boring Canal Road. There are many important institutes that have developed around the area of Gandhi Maidan.
Cookie (cockatoo)
Cookie (June 30, 1933 – August 27, 2016) was a male pink cockatoo (also known as Major Mitchell's cockatoo) residing at Brookfield Zoo, near Chicago, Illinois, United States. He was believed to be the oldest member of his species alive in captivity, at the age of 82 in June 2015, having significantly exceeded the average lifespan for his kind. He was one of the longest-lived birds on record and was recognised by the Guinness World Records as the oldest living parrot in the world.

The next-oldest pink cockatoo to be found in a zoological setting was a 31-year-old female bird located at Paradise Wildlife Sanctuary, England. Information published by the World Parrot Trust states longevity for Cookie's species in captivity is on average 40–60 years.

Pink cockatoo
The pink cockatoo (Cacatua leadbeateri), also known as Major Mitchell's cockatoo or Leadbeater's cockatoo, is a medium-sized cockatoo that inhabits arid and semi-arid inland areas across Australia, with the exception of the north east.
HaAderet v'HaEmunah
HaAderet v'HaEmunah (Hebrew: הָאַדֶּרֶת וְהָאֱמוּנָה, romanized: Hā'Addērēṯ VĕHā'Ĕmūnā, 'The Glory and the Faith'), commonly referred to as LeChai Olamim (Hebrew: לְחַי עוֹלָמִים, romanized: LĕḤāy ʿŌlāmīm), is a piyyut, or Jewish liturgical poem, sung or recited during Shacharit of Yom Kippur in virtually all Ashkenazic communities, and on Shabbat mornings in Chassidic communities.

Yom Kippur
Yom Kippur (/ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊər, ˌjɔːm ˈkɪpər, ˌjoʊm-/ ⓘ YOM kip-OOR, YAWM KIP-ər, YOHM-; Hebrew: יוֹם כִּפּוּר‎ Yōm Kippūr [ˈjom kiˈpuʁ], lit. 'Day of Atonement') is the holiest day of the year in Judaism. It occurs annually on the 10th of Tishrei, corresponding to a date in late September or early October.

For traditional Jewish people, it is primarily centered on atonement and repentance. The day's main observances consist of full fasting and asceticism, both accompanied by extended prayer services (usually at synagogue) and sin confessions. Some minor Jewish denominations, such as Reconstructionist Judaism, focus less on sins and more on one's goals and accomplishments and setting yearly intentions.

Alongside the related holiday of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur is one of the two components of the High Holy Days of Judaism. It is also the last of the Ten Days of Repentance.
Nicholas and Alexandra
Nicholas and Alexandra is a 1971 British epic historical drama film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner, from a screenplay by James Goldman and Edward Bond based on Robert K. Massie's 1967 book of the same name. It tells the story of the last ruling Russian monarch, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (Michael Jayston), and his wife, Tsarina Alexandra (Janet Suzman), from 1904 until their deaths in 1918. The ensemble cast includes Tom Baker as Grigori Rasputin, Laurence Olivier as Sergei Witte, Brian Cox as Leon Trotsky, Ian Holm as Vasily Yakovlev, Vivian Pickles as Nadezhda Krupskaya, and Irene Worth as The Queen Mother Marie Fedorovna.

The film was theatrically released on 13 December 1971 by Columbia Pictures to mixed reviews and commercial failure, grossing $7 million on a $9 million budget. Regardless, the film received six nominations at the 44th Academy Awards, including for Best Picture and Best Actress (Suzman), and won two: Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design.

Nicholas and Alexandra (book)
Nicholas and Alexandra: An Intimate Account of the Last of the Romanovs and the Fall of Imperial Russia is a 1967 biography of the last royal family of Russia by historian Robert K. Massie.

Massie was inspired to write the book after his own son was diagnosed with hemophilia, which Tsarevich Alexei had suffered.

In 1971, the book was adapted to film, also as Nicholas and Alexandra, directed by American filmmaker Franklin J. Schaffner.

In 1995, Massie published The Romanovs: The Final Chapter, having updated his account of the family with much newly discovered information.
Vinstra
Vinstra is a town in Nord-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway.  The town is the administrative centre of the municipality. The town is located in the Gudbrandsdalen valley, at the confluence of the Gudbrandsdalslågen river and the Vinstra river (which flows from the lake Vinstre). The 3.13-square-kilometre (770-acre) town has a population (2024) of 2,674 and a population density of 854 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,210/sq mi).

The European route E6 highway and the Dovrebanen railway line both pass through the town. The Vinstra Upper Secondary School and the Sødorp Church are both located in the town as well. The newspaper Dølen is published in Vinstra.

The village of Vinstra was granted the status of a "town" on 1 September 2013, an event that was celebrated for 3 days.

Sødorp Church
Sødorp Church (Norwegian: Sødorp kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nord-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the town of Vinstra. It is the church for the Sødorp parish which is part of the Nord-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1752 using plans drawn up by the architects Per Korpberget and his son Jens Korpberget (the church was disassembled and moved to its present location in 1908). The church seats about 300 people.
Dan Schutte
Daniel Laurent Schutte is an American composer of Catholic and contemporary Christian liturgical music, best known for composing the hymn "Here I Am, Lord" (1981, also known as "I, the Lord of Sea and Sky") and approximately 171 other hymns and Mass settings.

St. Louis Jesuits
The  St. Louis Jesuits are a group of Catholic composers who composed music for worship most often in a folk music style of church music in their compositions and recordings, mainly from their heyday in the 1970s through the mid-1980s. Made up of Jesuit scholastics at St. Louis University, the group initially used acoustic guitars and contemporary-style melodies and rhythms to set biblical and other religious texts to music sung in English in response to the liturgical reforms of the Second Vatican Council.

John Kavanaugh, also a Jesuit and composer, never worked with the group; however, a few of his compositions were included in the first collection, "Neither Silver Nor Gold," which was produced before the original members decided to further collaborate and record together.
Rights Expression Language
A Rights Expression Language or REL is a machine-processable language used to express intellectual property rights (such as copyright) and other terms and conditions for use over content. RELs can be used as standalone expressions (i.e. metadata usable for search, compatibility tracking) or within a DRM system.

RELs are expressible in a machine-language (such as XML,  RDF, RDF Schema, and JSON). Although RELs may be processed directly, they can also be encountered when embedded as metadata within other documents, such as eBooks, image, audio or video files.

License proliferation
License proliferation is the phenomenon of an abundance of already existing and the continued creation of new software licenses for software and software packages in the FOSS ecosystem. License proliferation affects the whole FOSS ecosystem negatively by the burden of increasingly complex license selection, license interaction, and license compatibility considerations.
British Energy
British Energy was the UK's largest electricity generation company by volume, before being taken over by Électricité de France (EDF) in 2009. British Energy operated eight former UK state-owned nuclear power stations and one coal-fired power station.

From 1 July 2010 the rebranding of British Energy locations and communications to EDF Energy commenced as part of its incorporation into the parent group, following around 17 months of dual branding. This was concluded with the renaming of the operating company from British Energy Generation Limited to EDF Energy Nuclear Generation Limited on 1 July 2011.

National Audit Office (United Kingdom)
The National Audit Office (NAO) is an independent Parliamentary body in the United Kingdom which is responsible for auditing central government departments, government agencies and non-departmental public bodies. The NAO also carries out value for money (VFM) audits into the administration of public policy.