hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Sen Inches Thomson
John Sen Inches Thomson (1844–1933), was a Scottish whaler and sealer, ship owner, captain, inventor and author.  In 1877, Inches Thomson and his crew were sailing on Bencleugh when she shipwrecked during a terrific gale off Macquarie Island, Tasmania, Australia.  After four months on the island the crew was rescued by Bencleugh's sister ship, Friendship. In 1912, Inches Thomson released a book detailing the highlights of his sea voyages, including his time as a castaway.

Whaling in Scotland
The first evidence for whaling in Scotland is from Bronze Age settlements where whalebones were used for constructing and decorating dwelling places. Commercial whaling started in the Middle Ages, and by the 1750s most Scottish ports were whaling, with the Edinburgh Whale-Fishing Company being founded in 1749. The last company still engaged in whaling was Christian Salvesen, which exited the industry in 1963.
Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau
The Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau is a ministerial-level policy bureaux of the Government of Hong Kong responsible for the implementation of the Basic Law, including electoral matters and promotion of equal opportunities and privacy protection. The bureau also functions as the intermediary between the HKSAR Government and the thorities under the principles of "One Country, Two Systems", including the coordination of liaison between the HKSAR Government and Central authorities, promoting regional co-operation initiatives between Hong Kong and the Mainland, and overseeing the operation of offices of the HKSAR Government on the land.

The bureau is headed by the Acting Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs, currently Clement Woo.

Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office
The Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices (HKETOs) are the trade offices of Hong Kong outside the territory. There are 14 HKETOs outside Hong Kong and China, and seven in China (four offices and three liaison units).

In addition to HKETOs, the Hong Kong Government has an office in Beijing, the capital of China, called the Office of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in Beijing.
Pieter Bartholomeusz Barbiers
Pieter Bartholomeusz Barbiers (bapt 23 January 1772, Amsterdam – 10 September 1837, Haarlem) was a Dutch painter, son of Bartholomeus Barbiers.

He married the painter Maria Geertruida Snabilie in Haarlem and was known as a historical and landscape painter. His children were Pieter Barbiers IV, Caecilia Geertruida and Maria Geertruida. In 1812 he made a view of the abbey ruins of Rijnsburg before they were demolished altogether, and this drawing was later engraved by Joannes Pieter Visser Bender.

Maria Geertruida Barbiers
Maria Geertruida Barbiers (25 January 1801 – 30 January 1879) was a 19th-century painter from the Netherlands. She was born in Haarlem as the daughter of Pieter Barbiers III and Maria Geertruida Snabilie. Her brother Pieter Barbiers IV and sister Caecilia Geertruida also became painters. In 1823, she married the painter Pieter de Goeje. She is known for flower still lifes, and often signed her works M.G. de Goeje Barbiers'. 
She died in Haarlem.

Still life with flowers, a bird's nest and butterflies, 1817
Goran Pandev
Goran Pandev (Macedonian: Горан Пандев, pronounced [ˈɡɔran ˈpandɛf] ⓘ; born 27 July 1983) is a Macedonian former professional footballer who played as a forward. He is regarded as one of the best Macedonian footballers of all time.

After a stint at Lazio, Pandev moved to Inter Milan in early 2010. While playing for the Nerazzurri, Pandev collected a host of honours including winning the Serie A, the Coppa Italia and the UEFA Champions League in 2010 as part of a treble for the club. On 22 April 2021, he became the first Macedonian to score 100 goals in one of the top five European football leagues. He was the captain of the North Macedonia national team until retiring from international football in 2021. He is the country's all-time top scorer with 38 goals.

2010 FIFA Club World Cup final
The 2010 FIFA Club World Cup final was the final match of the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup, an association football tournament for the champion clubs from each of FIFA's six continental confederations. The match took place at the Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabi, on 18 December 2010, and pitted TP Mazembe of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the CAF club champions, against Internazionale of Italy, the UEFA club champions. It was the first time that a club from outside Europe or South America was involved in contesting the final.

Inter won the final 3–0 over TP Mazembe. Goran Pandev and Samuel Eto'o scored two goals in the first half before Jonathan Biabiany scored the third goal in the 85th minute to secure the first title for Inter Milan.
Lucien Sebag
Lucien Sebag (1933, Tunis – 1965, Paris) was a French Marxist anthropologist, a student of Claude Lévi-Strauss.

Sebag was a member of the Francophone community of Tunisian Jews. A researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, he became known for trying to reconcile structuralism and marxism in a book precisely  entitled Marxisme et structuralisme (1964). Of suicidal temperament, he was followed by the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan. In 1965, he committed suicide after falling in love with Judith, the daughter of Lacan.

Ayoreo
The Ayoreo (Ayoreode, Ayoréo, Ayoréode) are an indigenous people of the Gran Chaco. They live in an area surrounded by the Paraguay, Pilcomayo, Parapetí, and Grande Rivers, spanning both Bolivia and Paraguay. There are approximately 5,600 Ayoreo people in total. Around 3,000 live in Bolivia, and 2,600 live in Paraguay. Traditionally nomadic hunter-gatherers, the majority of the population was sedentarized by missionaries in the twentieth century. The few remaining uncontacted Ayoreo are threatened by deforestation and loss of territory.
Four in One (TV series)
Four in One is the umbrella title for a wheel series broadcast in the United States on the NBC television network as part of its 1970-71 schedule in the Wednesday 10 PM Eastern time slot.

Four in One consisted of six episodes of each of four dramatic series: McCloud, San Francisco International Airport, Night Gallery and The Psychiatrist.  All six episodes of each program were run in order; then all were rerun interspersed with each other with a different series being shown each week.

After the season, McCloud had proven sufficiently popular to be included as an element in a new wheel-format series, NBC Mystery Movie, while Night Gallery was picked up as a stand-alone series.  The other two elements, San Francisco International Airport and The Psychiatrist, were cancelled.

The NBC Mystery Movie
The NBC Mystery Movie is an American television anthology series produced by Universal Pictures and broadcast on NBC from 1971 to 1977. Devoted to a rotating series of mystery episodes, it was sometimes split into two subsets broadcast on different nights of the week: The NBC Sunday Mystery Movie and The NBC Wednesday Mystery Movie.

The NBC Mystery Movie was a "wheel series", or "umbrella program", that rotated several programs within the same period throughout each of its seasons. During the first season of 1971–72, three detective dramas were broadcast on Wednesday nights from 8:30 to 10:00 p.m. in the Eastern and Pacific time zones (7:30–9:00 p.m. Central and Mountain time).
88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers)
The 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) was an infantry Regiment of the British Army, raised in 1793. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 94th Regiment of Foot to form the Connaught Rangers in 1881.

Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro
The Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro was a military engagement that took place from 3–5 May 1811 during the Peninsular War. An Anglo-Portuguese Army under Wellington checked an attempt by the French Army of Portugal under Marshal André Masséna to relieve the besieged city of Almeida. The French defeat at Fuentes de Oñoro, in addition to the steadfastness of the allies and the formidable high ground and fortified position held by Wellesley, was further facilitated by the poor cooperation between Masséna and his subordinates. As Wellington stated, if Napoleon had been at Fuentes, "we should have been beat."
Homesickness (novel)
Homesickness (1980) is a novel by Australian writer Murray Bail. It was originally published by Macmillan in Australia in 1980.

It won both The Age Book of the Year Award and The Age Book of the Year Fiction Awards in 1980. It shared both awards with David Ireland's novel A Woman of the Future.

A Woman of the Future
A Woman of the Future (1979) is a novel by Australian author David Ireland. It won the Miles Franklin Award in 1979 and was joint winner of the Age Book of the Year award in 1980.

As a result of this novel, Ireland was "being hailed as the successor to Patrick White and the antipodean rival of the great American satirist Kurt Vonnegut".

Originally published in 1979, it was re-issued in 2012 as part of the Text Publishing Text Classics series.  This edition carried an introduction by Kate Jennings.
Four-letter word
The term four-letter word serves as a euphemism for words that are often considered profane or offensive.

The designation "four-letter" arises from the observation that many (though not all) popular or slang terms related to excretory functions, sexual activity, genitalia, blasphemies, and terms linked to Hell or damnation are incidentally four-character monosyllables. Notably, the term "four-letter word" does not strictly refer to words containing exactly four letters.

The phrase has been in use in both the United States and the United Kingdom since at least 1886.

Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".
St. Stephen-in-the-Fields Anglican Church
St. Stephen-in-the-Fields Anglican Church is an Anglican Church of Canada parish church in the Kensington Market neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario. It was the first Anglican church established in the city west of Spadina Avenue. St. Stephen's is known for a number of community outreach programs.

Designed by Thomas Fuller, later Chief Dominion Architect, in the Gothic Revival style, the church is designed under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act as being of significant cultural heritage value.

Chilion Jones
Chilion Jones (October 10, 1835– April 1, 1912) was the business partner of architect Thomas Fuller in nineteenth-century Canada.

Chilion Jones, the sixth son of Mr. Justice Jonas Jones, of Toronto, Ontario, was born in Brockville, Upper Canada. By 1857, he had moved to Toronto and formed a partnership with civil engineer Robert Messer. He formed a partnership with Thomas Fuller in the 1850s, together winning the contracts to design the Church of St. Stephen-in-the-Fields in Toronto and the neo-gothic Parliament Buildings in Ottawa. In 1863, Jones returned to Brockville, where he became a tavern keeper. He was later involved in the construction of the Carillon Canal and also worked on projects in the Toronto harbour area. He was president of the Spring & Axle Company and the D.F. Jones Manufacturing Co. in Gananoque, Ontario.

Jones suffered from gout for the last twenty years of his life. He died in Bermuda in 1912 while recuperating there.
George Wunder
George S. Wunder (April 24, 1912 – December 13, 1987) was an American cartoonist best known for his 26 years illustrating the Terry and the Pirates comic strip.

Born in Manhattan, Wunder grew up in Kingston, New York. As a youth, he planned a career as a professional comics artist. Other than correspondence courses, including the International Correspondence School art course, he was a self-taught artist. At the age of 24, he began as a staff artist at the Associated Press, where he worked alongside illustrator Noel Sickles and sports cartoonist Tom Paprocki. At AP, Wunder illustrated fiction and various editorial cartoon features, such as "Can Hitler Beat the Russian Jinx?"

During World War II, he served in the Army from 1942 to 1946. Returning to the Associated Press after World War II, he drew the strip See for Yourself in 1946 for AP Newsfeatures.

Terry and the Pirates
Terry and the Pirates is an action-adventure comic strip created by cartoonist Milton Caniff, which originally ran from October 22, 1934, to February 25, 1973. Captain Joseph Patterson, editor for the Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate, had admired Caniff's work on the children's adventure strip Dickie Dare and hired him to create the new adventure strip, providing Caniff with the title and locale.  The Dragon Lady leads the evil pirates; conflict with the pirates was diminished in priority when World War II started.

The strip was read by 31 million newspaper subscribers between 1934 and 1946. In 1946, Caniff won the first Cartoonist of the Year Award from the National Cartoonists Society for his work on Terry and the Pirates.

Writer Tom De Haven described Terry and the Pirates as "the great strip of World War II" and "The Casablanca of comics".
Playhouse Theatre (Perth)
The Playhouse Theatre was a theatre in central Perth, Western Australia. It was purpose-built for live theatre in 1956 and remained one of the city's principal venues for performing arts for over half a century until replaced by the State Theatre Centre of Western Australia in January 2011. It was home to the National Theatre Company from its establishment until 1984, and then to its successor, the Western Australian Theatre Company, until its disbandment in 1990.

The theatre was demolished in October 2012 as part of a redevelopment of Cathedral Square.

Pier Street, Perth
Pier Street is a street in the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. It runs from St Georges Terrace to Wellington Street, continuing immediately north of the railway until Brisbane Street very close to where Brisbane Street meets Bulwer Street.

The street originally continued north as far as Perth Oval. The crossing with the Armadale/Thornlie railway line (just north of Wellington Street) was a site of regular accidents before it was closed.

In the 1840s, before the northern part of Perth Water was filled in to become what is now the Supreme Court Gardens, Pier Street extended south past St Georges Terrace as far as the Swan River.

In the 1930s the northern portion, on the northern side of the railway passing through Perth, had a range of notable businesses located in the blocks between the railway and Newcastle Street.  J. & E. Ledger was one such firm.
Coal mining in the Black Country
Coal mining played an important part in the history of the Black Country area immediately west of Birmingham, England. It was the basis for the area's industrial development in the nineteenth century; without coal there was insufficient power. Commentators spoke of the Black Country as a great coalfield, and of the earth turned inside out by all the mining activity. Most of the mines were not large scale, but small rough and ready pits similar to the Racecourse Colliery exhibit at the Black Country Living Museum. There were as many as five or six hundred small pits like this exploiting the seams of the South Staffordshire coalfield.

South Staffordshire coalfield
The South Staffordshire coalfield is one of several coalfields in the English Midlands. It stretches for 25 miles / 40 km from the Lickey Hills in the south to Rugeley in the north. The coalfield is around 10 miles (16 km) wide; its eastern and western margins are fault-bounded.
Cerreto Grue
Cerreto Grue is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 346 and an area of 4.8 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi).

Cerreto Grue borders the following municipalities: Costa Vescovato, Montegioco, Sarezzano, and Villaromagnano.

Montegioco
Montegioco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 315 and an area of 5.4 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi).

Montegioco borders the following municipalities: Avolasca, Cerreto Grue, Costa Vescovato, Monleale, Montemarzino, and Sarezzano.
Morgaushsky District
Morgaushsky District (Russian: Морга́ушский райо́н; Chuvash: Муркаш районӗ,  Murkaş rayonĕ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with the Mari El Republic in the north, Cheboksarsky District in the east, Alikovsky District in the south, and with Yadrinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 845.3 square kilometers (326.4 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Morgaushi. Population:  34,884 (2010 Census); 37,127 (2002 Census); 38,465 (1989 Soviet census).

Yadrinsky District
Yadrinsky District (Russian: Я́дринский райо́н; Chuvash: Етĕрне районӗ, Yetĕrne rayonĕ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with the Mari El Republic in the north, Morgaushsky District in the east, Alikovsky and Krasnochetaysky Districts in the south, and with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 897.5 square kilometers (346.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Yadrin. Population:  29,965 (2010 Census); 34,456 (2002 Census); 36,745 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yadrin accounts for 32.1% of the district's total population.
New Brunswick New Democratic Party
The New Brunswick New Democratic Party (NB NDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique du Nouveau-Brunswick) is a social democratic political party in New Brunswick, Canada. It is the provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party.

1982 New Brunswick general election
The 1982 New Brunswick general election was held on October 12, 1982, to elect 58 members to the 50th New Brunswick Legislative Assembly, the governing house of the province of New Brunswick, Canada. It saw Richard Hatfield's Progressive Conservative Party win its largest majority ever to that time. (Bernard Lord beat this record in 1999.)
Tagoyano Shell Mound
The Tagoyano Shell Midden (田小屋野貝塚, Tagoyano kaizuka) is an archaeological site in what is now the city of Tsugaru, Aomori Prefecture, in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan with an early Jōmon period shell midden.  The site was designated a  National Historic Site in 1944 by the Japanese government.  It is a rare example of a shell midden to be found near the coast of the Sea of Japan.

Tsugaru, Aomori
Tsugaru (つがる市, Tsugaru-shi) is a city located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2023, the city had an estimated population of 30,128 in 13487 households, and a population density of 120 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 253.55 square kilometres (97.90 sq mi). The city's name is atypical for a Japanese place, in that it is written in hiragana rather than kanji (see hiragana cities).
Genetic algorithm
In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA). Genetic algorithms are commonly used to generate high-quality solutions to optimization and search problems via biologically inspired operators such as selection, crossover, and mutation. Some examples of GA applications include optimizing decision trees for better performance, solving sudoku puzzles, hyperparameter optimization, and causal inference.

Interactive evolutionary computation
Interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) or aesthetic selection is a general term for methods of evolutionary computation that use human evaluation. Usually human evaluation is necessary when the form of fitness function is not known (for example, visual appeal or attractiveness; as in Dawkins, 1986) or the result of optimization should fit a particular user preference (for example, taste of coffee or color set of the user interface).
Truncated 24-cells
In geometry, a truncated 24-cell is a uniform 4-polytope (4-dimensional uniform polytope) formed as the truncation of the regular 24-cell.

There are two degrees of truncations, including a bitruncation.

F4 (mathematics)
In mathematics, F4 is a Lie group and also its Lie algebra f4. It is one of the five exceptional simple Lie groups. F4 has rank 4 and dimension 52. The compact form is simply connected and its outer automorphism group is the trivial group. Its fundamental representation is 26-dimensional.

The compact real form of F4 is the isometry group of a 16-dimensional Riemannian manifold known as the octonionic projective plane OP2.  This can be seen systematically using a construction known as the magic square, due to Hans Freudenthal and Jacques Tits.

There are 3 real forms: a compact one, a split one, and a third one.  They are the isometry groups of the three real Albert algebras.

The F4 Lie algebra may be constructed by adding 16 generators transforming as a spinor to the 36-dimensional Lie algebra so(9), in analogy with the construction of E8.

In older books and papers, F4 is sometimes denoted by E4.
2023 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 2023 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, known for sponsorship reasons as the Glen Dimplex Senior All-Ireland Championship, was the premier inter-county competition of the 2023 camogie season. Twelve county teams from Ireland competed. It was won by Cork, who defeated Waterford in the final.

2023 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final
The 2023 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final, the 92nd event of its kind and the culmination of the 2023 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, was played at Croke Park on 6 August 2023. The finals of the 2023 All-Ireland Intermediate Camogie Championship and All-Ireland Junior Camogie Championship took place earlier that day at Croke Park. It was won by Cork, who defeated Waterford. Captain Amy O'Connor scored 3-7, giving Cork a record 29th All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship title. The attendance of 30,191 was the second biggest for a camogie final.
Vasabron
Vasabron (Swedish: "The Vasa Bridge") is a bridge over Norrström in central Stockholm, Sweden connecting Norrmalm to Gamla Stan, the old city.

The bridge is, unintelligibly, named after King Gustav Vasa (1496–1560), perhaps because of the vicinity to the statue of the king in front of the House of Knights. From Vasabron a much smaller bridge, Strömsborgsbron, connects to the islet Strömsborg.

Nearby bridges include Riksbron, Stallbron, Norrbro, Centralbron, and Strömbron.

Strömbron
Strömbron (Swedish: "The Stream Bridge") is a 140-metre-long (460 ft) viaduct in central Stockholm, Sweden. Stretching over Norrström, it connects the old city Gamla stan to the northern-central district Norrmalm, or, more specifically, to Blasieholmen near the park Kungsträdgården.