hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Year of Forests
The year 2011 was declared the International Year of Forests by the United Nations to raise awareness and strengthen the sustainable management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests for the benefit of current and future generations.

United Nations Forum on Forests
The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) is a high-level intergovernmental policy forum. The forum includes all United Nations member states and permanent observers, the UNFF Secretariat, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, Regional Organizations and Processes and Major Groups.
Lord Balvaird
Lord Balvaird is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created the 17th of November 1641 for Sir Andrew Murray, who was at that time also the feudal Lord of Balvaird. Before receiving that title, he was knighted by Charles the First in Scotland during his coronation in 1633.  His son, the second Lord, succeeded as fourth Viscount Stormont in 1658, according to a special remainder in the letters patent.

The latter's great-grandson, the seventh Viscount, succeeded his uncle as second Earl of Mansfield in 1793, also according to a special remainder in the letters patent.

Lord of Balvaird
Lord of Balvaird or Baron of Balvaird  is a title of nobility in the Baronage of Scotland. It was originally confirmed by James VI in 1624 for Andrew Murray as a barony and later erected into a lordship in favour of David Murray, 5th Viscount of Stormont in 1673.
Kichi Zibi Mikan
The Kichi Zībī Mīkan, (/ˈkɪtʃɪ ziːbiː ˈmiːkʌn/ ki-chi zee-bee MEE-kun) formerly the Sir John A. Macdonald Parkway, and previously the Ottawa River Parkway, is a four-lane scenic parkway along the Ottawa River in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It runs from Carling Avenue near Connaught Avenue, to Booth Street at the Canadian War Museum and National Holocaust Monument. It is maintained by the National Capital Commission. The speed limit is 60 km/h (37 mph). Bicycles are allowed on the road and on a parallel recreational path along the parkway.

Besides being a scenic route, it serves as a commuter artery for westend residents who work in the downtown area, particularly government employees who work at the Tunney's Pasture office complex, and other areas. It is also used by the transit systems of Ottawa and Gatineau for express buses.

National Capital Commission
The National Capital Commission (NCC; French: Commission de la capitale nationale, CCN) is the Crown corporation responsible for development, urban planning, and conservation in Canada's Capital Region (Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec), including administering most lands and buildings owned by the Government of Canada in the region.

The NCC is the capital's largest property owner, owning and managing over 11% of all lands in the Capital Region. It also owns over 1,600 properties in its real estate portfolio, including the capital's six official residences; commercial, residential and heritage buildings; and agricultural facilities.

The NCC reports to the Parliament of Canada through whichever minister in the Cabinet of Canada is designated responsible for the National Capital Act, currently the Minister of Public Services and Procurement.
Iraqi Turkmens
The Iraqi Turkmens (Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri, عراق تورکمنلری; Arabic: تركمان العراق), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, (Turkish: Irak Türkleri, عراق توركلری; Arabic: أتراك العراق) are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq. Their traditional homeland is in northern Iraq, with Kirkuk considered by them as their capital. They have close cultural ties with Turkey, and are closely related to Syrian Turkmen. Iraqi Turkmens in Iraq do not identify with the traditionally-nomadic Turkmens of Central Asia.

Mandali, Iraq
Mandali (Arabic: مندلي, Kurdish: مەندەلی, romanized: Mendelî) is a town in Balad Ruz District, Diyala Governorate in Iraq, near the Iranian border. The town has a Feyli Kurdish majority, as well as significant Arab and Turkmen communities. Mandali is disputed between the federal government of Iraq and Kurdistan Region, and experienced Arabization during the Saddam era.
China Northwest Airlines
China Northwest Airlines Co., Ltd. (中国西北航空公司) was a Chinese airline headquartered in Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. It started operations in 1989. In 2002, the airline, along with China Yunnan Airlines, merged into China Eastern Airlines.

China Eastern Yunnan Airlines
China Eastern Yunnan Airlines (simplified Chinese: 东方航空云南公司; traditional Chinese: 東方航空雲南公司; pinyin: Dōngfāng Hángkōng Yúnnán Gōngsī) is an airline based in Kunming, Yunnan, China. It is a subsidiary of China Eastern Airlines, and was formerly known as China Yunnan Airlines (simplified Chinese: 中国云南航空公司; traditional Chinese: 中國雲南航空公司; pinyin: Zhōngguó Yúnnán Hángkōng Gōngsī), whose headquarters were on the property of Wujiaba Airport.
Louisville in the American Civil War
Louisville in the American Civil War was a major stronghold of Union forces, which kept Kentucky firmly in the Union. It was the center of planning, supplies, recruiting and transportation for numerous campaigns, especially in the Western Theater. By the end of the war, Louisville had not been attacked once, although skirmishes and battles, including the battles of Perryville and Corydon, Indiana, took place nearby.

Marcellus Jerome Clarke
Marcellus Jerome Clarke (also called M. Jerome Clarke) (August 25, 1844 – March 15, 1865) was a Confederate captain who in 1864 became one of Kentucky's most famous guerrillas. He was rumored to be "Sue Mundy", a character publicized by George Prentice, editor of the Louisville Journal.
Gainesway Farm
Gainesway Farm is an American Thoroughbred horse breeding business in Lexington, Kentucky. It was originally called Greentree Farms.

The 1,500-acre (6 km2) property has been home to stallions such as Youth and Exceller and numerous others who are buried on the property. Among the current stallion roster is Tapit, sire of four Breeders' Cup winners since 2008 and 2013 Leading U.S.-based Yearling Sire.

In 1995, under the name Gainesway Stable, owner Graham J. Beck partnered with Robert and Beverly Lewis and William T. Young of Overbrook Farm in the ownership and racing of Timber Country who won the 1994 Breeders' Cup Juvenile and 1995 Preakness Stakes.

Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney
Cornelius "Sonny" Vanderbilt Whitney (February 20, 1899 – December 13, 1992) was an American businessman, film producer, government official, writer and philanthropist. He was also a polo player who  owned a stable of Thoroughbred racehorses.
Aegeridae
Aegeridae is a family of fossil prawns, one of the earliest Mesozoic shrimp families. It contains the genera Aeger, Acanthochirana, Anisaeger and Distaeger. The main diagnostic character of Aegeridae is the presence of numerous spines or thin setae on the third maxilliped.

They are known from locations in Europe, Mexico, United States, Middle East and China.

Aegerids such as Anisaeger and Distaeger were found in large numbers of close specimens, suggesting gregarious behaviour. They could have been good swimmers, but the morphology suggests they mostly lived on the sea floor.

Distaeger
Distaeger is a genus of fossil prawns first described from the Luoping biota of the middle Triassic of China.  It includes one species, D. prodigiosus. The taxonomy of this species is disputed and it has been suggested that it should not be included in the family Aegeridae, but still be included somewhere in Penaeoidea in an unspecified different family.
Planet Jarrett
Planet Jarrett was a professional wrestling stable in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), led by the eponymous Jeff Jarrett and containing many of the main event heels in the promotion. It replaced the Kings of Wrestling as the dominant heel faction in TNA in February 2005, and remained prominent until totally disbanding upon the commencement of Jarrett's leave of absence from TNA television in October 2006. The stable was also known as (Jeff) Jarrett's Army.

The Naturals
The Naturals were a professional wrestling tag team made up of Andy Douglas and Chase Stevens. They are best known for their work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where they are former three-time NWA World Tag Team Champions.
Interleukin 37
Interleukin 37 (IL-37), also known as Interleukin-1 family member 7 (IL-1F7), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine important for the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production as well as the suppression of tumor cell growth.

Interleukin 18
Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. Many cell types, both hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells, have the potential to produce IL-18. It was first described in 1989 as a factor that induced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in mouse spleen cells. Originally, IL-18 production was recognized in Kupffer cells, and liver-resident macrophages. However, IL-18 is constitutively expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. IL-18 can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity and its dysregulation can cause autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.
The Racer's Group
The Racer's Group, or TRG, is a WeatherTech SportsCar Championship racing team located in Petaluma, California, owned by Kevin Buckler and his wife Debra. TRG has competed professionally in road racing since 1995. The team formerly competed in NASCAR as TRG Motorsports from 2007 to 2011.

Petaluma, California
Petaluma is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Its population was 59,776 according to the 2020 census.

Petaluma's name comes from the Miwok village named Péta Lúuma that was located on the banks of the Petaluma River.  The modern city originates in Rancho Petaluma, granted in 1834 to famed Californio statesman Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, considered to be the founder of Petaluma. Today, Petaluma is known for its well-preserved historic center and as a local hub for the Petaluma Valley region of Sonoma County.
S1PR1
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P receptor 1 or S1PR1), also known as endothelial differentiation gene 1 (EDG1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S1PR1 gene. S1PR1 is a G-protein-coupled receptor which binds the bioactive signaling molecule sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P).  S1PR1 belongs to a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor subfamily comprising five members (S1PR1-5). S1PR1 was originally identified as an abundant transcript in endothelial cells and it has an important role in regulating endothelial cell cytoskeletal structure, migration, capillary-like network formation and vascular maturation.  In addition, S1PR1 signaling is important in the regulation of lymphocyte maturation, migration and trafficking.

Fingolimod
Fingolimod, sold under the brand name Gilenya, is an immunomodulating medication, used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Fingolimod is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator, which sequesters lymphocytes in lymph nodes, preventing them from contributing to an autoimmune reaction. It has been reported to reduce the rate of relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis by approximately one-half over a two-year period.
Rose Valland
Rose Antonia Maria Valland (1 November 1898 – 18 September 1980) was a French art curator, member of the French Resistance, captain in the French military, and one of the most decorated women in French history. She secretly recorded details of the Nazi plundering of National French and private Jewish-owned art from France. Working with the French Resistance, she saved thousands of works of art.

Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs
Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿etjɛn də sɛ̃ ʒwaʁ]; literally 'Saint-Étienne of Saint-Geoirs') is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. It is the hometown of Rose Valland, who saved thousands of works of art from Nazi looting and destruction during World War II and thwarted German efforts to remove art by passing information to the French Resistance. The organization Memoire de Rose Valland is based in Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs.

Singer (bass) and actor Xavier Depraz died in Saint-Étienne-de-Saint-Geoirs on 18 October 1994.
Women in unions in South Korea
Women in Asia have been organizing to address workplace issues, such as unequal pay and workplace violence as early as the 1880s. The formation of women's labor unions in South Korea began in the late 1970s with the Minjung movement, as it is based on the mobilization of young female factory workers and martial law suspended labor rights. Women in South Korea are typically irregular workers, who are not protected by labor laws, make up to 35% less in wages than men, and are less likely to be a union member.

The representation of women in leadership positions in unions are also stark with few unions such as the Korean Federation of Trade Unions (KCTU) trying to increase their number of women leaders. The unions that represent women include the Korean Women Workers Association (KWWA) which is under the umbrella organization Korean Women's Associations United (KWAU), Seoul Women's’ Trade union (SWTU), Korean Women's Trade Union (KWTU).

Korean Women Workers Association
The Korean Women Workers Association (KWWA or Han'guk yŏsŏng nodongjahoe 한국여성노동자회) is an organization in South Korea dedicated to advancing the human rights for working women and promoting gender equality. KWWA offers leadership training and monitors the effects of government policies on women workers.

It was the first national women workers association in Korea. KWWA is also one of the founding members of the umbrella organization of the Korean Women's Associations United (KWAU).
USS Bayfield
USS Bayfield (APA-33) was a Bayfield-class attack transport built for the United States Navy during World War II, the lead ship in her class. Named for Bayfield County, Wisconsin, she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.

Bayfield County, Wisconsin
Bayfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, its population is 16,220. Its county seat is Washburn. The county was created in 1845 and organized in 1850. The Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa has a reservation in Bayfield County and is the county's largest employer. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Misungwi District
Misungwi District is one of the seven districts of the Mwanza Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Nyamagana District and Magu District, to the east by Kwimba District, to the south by Shinyanga Rural District and to the west by Nyang'hwale District and Lake Victoria. Misungwi is often spelled with an extra 's' to make it Missungwi. The administrative centre is in the town of Misungwi.

As of 2012, the population of the Misungwi District was 351,607, of which 30,728 are living in an urban area (Misungwi town).

Nyamagana District
Nyamagana District is one of the eight districts of the Mwanza Region of Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by Ilemela District, to the east by Magu District, to the south by Misungwi District and to the west by the Mwanza Bay of Lake Victoria. The region's capital, the City of Mwanza, is within Nyamagana District. The district commission's office is scheduled to be re-located to the Mkolani area of Mwanza town, but currently it is still in the old city hall in the centre of town.

As of 2022, the population of the Nyamagana District was 594,834.
Oakland firestorm of 1991
The Oakland firestorm of 1991, also known as the Tunnel Fire, was a large suburban wildland–urban interface conflagration that occurred on the hillsides of northern Oakland, California, and southeastern Berkeley over the weekend of October 19–20, 1991, before being brought under full control on October 23. The official name of this incident by Cal Fire is the Tunnel Fire. It is also commonly referred to as the Oakland Hills firestorm or the East Bay Hills fire. The fire ultimately killed 25 people and injured 150 others. The 1,520 acres (620 ha) destroyed included 2,843 single-family dwellings and 437 apartment and condominium units. The economic loss from the fire was estimated at $1.5 billion ($3.07 billion in 2025 dollars).

Oakland Hills, Oakland, California
37°50′18.22″N 122°12′1.95″W﻿ / ﻿37.8383944°N 122.2005417°W﻿ / 37.8383944; -122.2005417

Oakland Hills is an informal term used to indicate the city neighborhoods lying within the eastern portion of Oakland, California.  The northernmost neighborhoods were devastated by the Oakland firestorm of 1991.
Screen door
A screen door can refer to a hinged storm door (cold climates) or hinged screen door (warm climates) covering an exterior door, or a screened sliding door used with sliding glass doors. A screen door incorporates screen mesh to block birds, flying insects or airborne debris such as seeds or leaves from entering, and pets and small children from exiting interior spaces, while allowing for air, light, and views.

Window screen
A window screen (also known as insect screen, bug screen, fly screen, flywire, window mesh, wire mesh, or window net) is designed to cover the opening of a window. It is usually a mesh made of metal, fibreglass, plastic wire, or other pieces of plastic and stretched in a frame of wood or metal. It serves to keep leaves, debris, bugs, birds, and other animals from entering a building or a screened structure such as a porch, without blocking fresh air-flow.
Devyani Saltzman
Devyani Saltzman is a Canadian writer, curator and multidisciplinary cultural programmer. She known for her work in arts and culture, and has held senior positions in three of Canada's major cultural institutions, including as the Director of Public Programming at the Art Gallery of Ontario, the fourth largest museum in North America.

In 2024 she was appointed as the Barbican's new Director for Arts, working with the centre's heads of art forms to set the direction of overall programming across cinema, theatre, visual arts, music, immersive experiences and creative collaborations.

Barbican Centre
The Barbican Centre is a performing arts centre in the Barbican Estate of the City of London, England, and the largest of its kind in Europe. The centre hosts classical and contemporary music concerts, theatre performances, film screenings and art exhibitions. It also houses a library, three restaurants, and a conservatory. The Barbican Centre is a member of the Global Cultural Districts Network.

The London Symphony Orchestra and the BBC Symphony Orchestra are based in the centre's Concert Hall. In 2013, it once again became the London-based venue of the Royal Shakespeare Company following the company's departure in 2001.

It was built as the City of London's gift to the nation at a cost of £161 million (equivalent to £718 million in 2023), and was officially opened to the public by Queen Elizabeth II on 3 March 1982. Together with the Southbank Centre, a similar arts centre, the Barbican Centre is also known for its brutalist architecture.
BMW N57
The BMW N57 is a family of aluminium, turbocharged straight-6 common rail diesel engines. The engines utilize variable geometry turbochargers and Bosch piezo-electric injectors. The engine jointly replaced the M57 straight-6 and M67 V8 engines.

BMW 7 Series (F01)
The fifth generation of the BMW 7 Series was manufactured and marketed by BMW for model years 2008-2015 in two full-size luxury sedans configurations: F01 (short-wheelbase) and F02 (long-wheelbase) configurations.  The fifth generation is informally referred to collectively as the F01.

The F01 was the first BMW with a hybrid drivetrain, 8-speed automatic transmission or turbocharged V12 engine. It was the second 7 Series marketed with a turbocharged petrol engine, after the European E23 745i), or all-wheel drive (marketed as xDrive). The wheelbase was increased by 8 cm over the outgoing 7 Series. BMW also marketed an F03 model as the "High Security 7 Series" armoured car as well as an F04 model as a "ActiveHybrid 7" hybrid-electric model.

In July 2015, BMW transitioned production from the F01 to the BMW 7 Series (G11).
3 (New York City Subway service)
The 3 Seventh Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored red since it uses the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line through most of Manhattan.

The 3 operates 24 hours daily, although service patterns vary based on the time of day. Daytime service operates between 148th Street in Harlem, Manhattan and New Lots Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn, making express stops in Manhattan (between 96th and Chambers Streets) and all stops in Brooklyn. Overnight service short turns at 34th Street–Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan and does not operate to or from New Lots Avenue.

The 3 train formerly ran to City Hall or South Ferry in Manhattan, and was later rerouted to Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College in Brooklyn. In 1983, it was rerouted to New Lots Avenue.

IRT Lenox Avenue Line
The Lenox Avenue Line is a line of the New York City Subway, part of the A Division, mostly built as part of the first subway line. Located in Manhattan, New York City, it consists of six stations between 110th Street–Malcolm X Plaza and Harlem–148th Street, all of which are situated within the neighborhood of Harlem in Upper Manhattan.
3x3 basketball
3x3 basketball (stylized as ƐX3, pronounced three-ex-three) is a variation of basketball played three-a-side, with one backboard and in a half-court setup. This basketball game format is currently being promoted and structured by FIBA, the sport's governing body. Its primary competition is an annual FIBA 3X3 World Tour, comprising a series of Masters and one Final tournament, and awarding six-figure prize money in US dollars. The FIBA 3x3 World Cups for men and women are the highest tournaments for national 3x3 teams. The 3x3 format has been adopted for both the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games.

Variations of basketball
Variations of basketball are games or activities based on, or similar in origin to, the game of basketball, in which the player utilizes common basketball skills. Some are essentially identical to basketball, with only minor rules changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games.  Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.  Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of referees or other officials and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules.
Than Kyun
Than Kyun or Davis Island is an island at the southern end of the Mergui Archipelago, Burma. It is the largest and highest island of the Alladin Islands, a scattered cluster of islands extending to the W and SSW of Zadetkyi Island. 
This densely wooded island has two main peaks, each with a height of around 450 metres (1,476 feet). The island has a roughly round shape with a diameter of about 6 kilometres (3.7 miles). Off its eastern shore rises a 5.5-metre-high (18.0-foot) rock surrounded by a reef. Than Kyun lies 4.5 kilometres (2.8 miles)  west of the southern end of Zadetkyi Island.

Mergui Archipelago
The Mergui Archipelago (also Myeik  Archipelago or Myeik Kyunzu; Burmese: မြိတ်ကျွန်းစု) is located in far southern Myanmar (Burma) and is part of the Tanintharyi Region. It consists of around 800 islands, varying in size from very small to hundreds of square kilometres, all lying in the Andaman Sea off the western shore of the Malay Peninsula near its landward (northern) end where it joins the rest of Indochina. They are occasionally referred to as the Pashu Islands because the Malay inhabitants are locally called Pashu.