hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Snyder Peninsula
Snyder Peninsula (71°25′S 61°26′W﻿ / ﻿71.417°S 61.433°W﻿ / -71.417; -61.433﻿ (Snyder Peninsula)) is a high, ice-covered peninsula on the south side of Lamplugh Inlet terminating in Cape Howard, on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica.

Kvinge Peninsula
Kvinge Peninsula (71°10′S 61°10′W﻿ / ﻿71.167°S 61.167°W﻿ / -71.167; -61.167﻿ (Kvinge Peninsula)) is a snow-covered peninsula at the north side of Palmer Inlet terminating in Cape Bryant, on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica.
Anthony Wayne School
The Anthony Wayne School is a historic former school building located in the Grays Ferry neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It was designed by Henry deCoursey Richards and built between 1908 and 1909.

Named for United States Army general and statesman Anthony Wayne (1745–1786), the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Grays Ferry, Philadelphia
Grays Ferry, also known as Gray's Ferry, is a neighborhood in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, bounded (roughly) by 25th Street on the east, the Schuylkill River on the west, Vare Avenue on the south, and Grays Ferry Avenue on the north.  The section of this neighborhood west of 34th Street is also known as Forgotten Bottom.

Grays Ferry shares borders with Southwest Center City to the north, Point Breeze to the east, and Girard Estate to the south. Grays Ferry is across from where Mill Creek debouches at about 43rd street.

Grays Ferry was historically one of the largest enclaves of Irish Americans in the city, and while there are still many Irish left, it is now home to a majority African American population.
Valbrevenna
Valbrevenna (Ligurian: Varbrevenna) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Genoa.

Valbrevenna borders the following municipalities: Carrega Ligure, Casella, Crocefieschi, Montoggio, Propata, Savignone, Torriglia, Vobbia.

Montoggio
Montoggio (Ligurian: Monteuggio) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Genoa. As of October 2006, it had a population of 2,018 and an area of 46.4 square kilometres (17.9 sq mi).
Isovaleric acid
Isovaleric acid, also known as 3-methylbutanoic acid or β-methylbutyric acid, is a branched-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula (CH3)2CHCH2CO2H.  It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has an unpleasant odor.  The compound occurs naturally and can be found in many foods, such as cheese, soy milk, and apple juice.

Isovaleryl-CoA
Isovaleryl-CoA (also known as 3-methylbutyryl-CoA) is a metabolic intermediate formed during the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acid, leucine. It is a short-chain acyl-CoA thioester that plays a key role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The compound is converted into 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA by the enzyme isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD), a flavoprotein that catalyzes the third step in the leucine degradation pathway. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the accumulation of isovaleryl-CoA and related metabolites, leading to a rare autosomal recessive disorder known as isovaleric acidemia, characterized by metabolic crises, developmental delays, and a distinctive odor due to isovaleric acid buildup. The metabolism of isovaleryl-CoA is vital for proper amino acid utilization and energy homeostasis in humans.
Jonway Automobile
Zhejiang Jonway Automobile Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 浙江永源汽车有限公司; pinyin: Zhèjiāng yǒng yuán qìchē yǒuxiàn gōngsī), trading as Jonway Automobile, is a Chinese automobile manufacturer founded in 2003 and based in Taizhou, Zhejiang.

ZAP (motor company)
ZAP was an American company that specialized in electric vehicles of various types, such as cars, motorcycles, bicycles, scooters, watercraft, hovercraft, ATVs and commercial vehicles. Its name was an acronym for Zero Air Pollution. It was based in Santa Rosa, California, but it is no longer active. The last record of the company in the California Secretary of State business entity database shows that its agent for service of process resigned on October 26, 2016.
Naja nigricincta
Naja nigricincta, or Western barred spitting cobra, is a species of spitting cobra in the genus Naja, belonging to the family Elapidae. The species is native to the deserts and drier regions of southern Africa. The species is largely nocturnal, and is often found while crossing roads at night. There are two recognized subspecies.

Spitting cobra
The term "spitting cobra" is commonly used to refer to several species of cobra that can intentionally, defensively shoot their venom directly from their fangs. This substance has two functions, with the first being as venom that can be absorbed via the victim’s eyes, mouth, or nose (or any mucous membrane or existing wound), and secondly as a toxungen, which can be sprayed on the target surface. Their ability to target and shoot venom is utilised in several different ways, self-defense being the most common instance. Studies have shown that the targets (at which the cobras shoot) are far from random; rather, spitting cobras consciously take aim, directing their spray to the eyes and face of an aggressor with 90% accuracy. In a remarkable case of convergent evolution, the individual cobra species evolved the ability to spit venom independently.
Michael D. West
Michael D. West (born 28 April 1953 in Niles, Michigan) is an American biogerontologist, and a pioneer in stem cells, cellular aging and telomerase. He is the founder and CEO of AgeX Therapeutics,
a startup focused on the field of experimental gerontology.

Carol W. Greider
Carolyn Widney Greider (born April 15, 1961) is an American molecular biologist and Nobel laureate. She is a Distinguished Professor of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

Greider discovered the enzyme telomerase in 1984, while she was a graduate student of Elizabeth Blackburn at the University of California, Berkeley. Greider pioneered research on the structure of telomeres, the ends of the chromosomes. She was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Blackburn and Jack W. Szostak, for their discovery that telomeres are protected from progressive shortening by the enzyme telomerase.
Ammonium metavanadate
Ammonium metavanadate is the inorganic compound with the formula NH4VO3.  It is a white salt, although samples are often yellow owing to impurities of V2O5.  It is an important intermediate in the purification of vanadium.

Vanadium(V) oxide
Vanadium(V) oxide (vanadia) is the inorganic compound with the formula V2O5.  Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a dark yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange.  Because of its high oxidation state, it is both an amphoteric oxide and an oxidizing agent. From the industrial perspective, it is the most important compound of vanadium, being the principal precursor to alloys of vanadium and is a widely used industrial catalyst.

The mineral form of this compound, shcherbinaite, is extremely rare, almost always found among fumaroles. A mineral trihydrate, V2O5·3H2O, is also known under the name of navajoite.
Paraíba Valley
The Paraíba Valley (Portuguese: Vale do Paraíba) is a landform that encompasses the regions: Paraíba Valley Metropolitan Region and Northern Coast, in the state of São Paulo and Sul-Fluminense Region, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, which stands out for concentrating a considerable portion of the Brazilian economy.

The name is due to the fact that the region is part of the Paraíba do Sul river basin, since this river extends from the São Paulo and along almost the entire length of the state of Rio de Janeiro and a small southern part of the Minas Gerais state.

In the strict sense, the name "Vale do Paraíba", "Paraíba Valley" in English, should only be used to refer to a region with a certain geographical feature. Therefore, this is not an official IBGE Region, Mesoregion or Microregion.

Guaratinguetá
Guaratinguetá is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte. The population is 122,505 (2020 est.) in an area of 752.64 km2. It is located in the region of Vale do Paraíba; prominent individuals from the area include Saint Frei Galvão, Brazilian President Rodrigues Alves and the cardiologist Dr Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini. The name of the city derives from the words in the Tupi language:  gûyra (heron), tinga (white) and etá (many), resulting in Gûyrating'etá (meeting of white herons).

The municipality contains part of the 292,000-hectare (720,000-acre) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.
Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles
Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles (VWCV; German: Volkswagen Nutzfahrzeuge [ˈfɔlksˌvaːɡn̩ ˈnʊtsˌfaːɐ̯tsɔʏɡə], abbreviated VWN [ˌfaʊveːˈʔɛn]) is a German marque of light commercial vehicles, owned by Volkswagen Group. It is headquartered in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany. Originally part of Volkswagen Passenger Cars (business area), it has operated as a separate marque since 1995.

Volkswagen Caddy
The Volkswagen Caddy is a panel van and leisure activity vehicle (M-segment) produced by the German automaker Volkswagen Group since 1979. It is sold in Europe and in other markets around the world. The Volkswagen Caddy was first introduced in North America in 1979 and in Europe in 1982. The first and second generations also had pick-up (coupe utility) variants.

The following vehicles are related to the Volkswagen Caddy and are also manufactured by the Volkswagen Group.

Typ 14 was derived from the Volkswagen Golf Mk1,

Typ 9K was derived from the Volkswagen Polo Mk3 (Volkswagen Caddy) / SEAT Ibiza Mk2 (SEAT Inca) platform,

Typ 9U was rebadged Škoda Felicia pickup,

Typ 2K was derived from the Volkswagen Touran platform with Golf Mk5 front suspension,

Typ SB was rebadged for the third generation of the Ford Tourneo Connect since 2021.
Tampa Bay Derby
The Tampa Bay Derby is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for three years old horses over the distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on the dirt scheduled annually in March at Tampa Bay Downs racetrack in Oldsmar, Florida. The event currently carries a purse of $400,000.

Tampa Bay Downs
Tampa Bay Downs is an American Thoroughbred horse racing facility located in Westchase in Hillsborough County in the U.S. state of Florida, just outside Tampa. It opened in 1926 under the name Tampa Downs, and has also been known as Sunshine Park and Florida Downs and Turf Club.
Benjamin Bowring
Benjamin Bowring (baptised 17 May 1778 – 1 June 1846) was an English watchmaker, jeweller, and businessman. He was the founder, in 1811, of the Bowring trading, shipping and insurance businesses, later known as Bowring Brothers in Canada and the United States, and C.T. Bowring & Co. in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. In 1979, the MV Benjamin Bowring was named after him. C.T. Bowring and Co. was bought by Marsh & McLennan Companies in 1980.

Bowring Brothers
Bowring Brothers Ltd. (or simply Bowring) was a Newfoundland-based operator of retail stores, that, after Newfoundland became part of Canada, expanded its operation and narrowed its focus to gifts and home decor throughout Canada.

Bowring was engaged in Newfoundland's commerce for over 200 years, with various operations across the globe at its peak.
Outline of Montana
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Montana:

Montana – fourth most extensive of the 50 states of the United States of America. Montana is the northernmost of the western Mountain States. The Territory of Montana joined the Union as the 41st state on November 8, 1889.

History of Montana
This is a broad outline of the history of Montana in the United States.

For thousands of years indigenous peoples inhabited what would be Montana. The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 included this land and it was explored during the Lewis and Clark Expedition. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. The Montana Territory was established in 1864 and Montana officially became a state on November 8, 1889.
Malewiebamani
Malewiebamani was a Kushite King of Meroë.

Malewiebamani's mother was likely Queen Saka'aye. Malewiebamani was the son of either Nasakhma or Siaspiqa.

Amanineteyerike and Baskakeren are thought to be sons of Malewiebamani.

Malewiebamani succeeded Nasakhma and in turn was succeeded by Talakhamani, who could be either a son or a younger brother of Malewiebamani.

A Royal wife named Akhrasan from the time of Malewiebamani was buried at Nuri. Her relation to the king is not known.

Malewiebamani's name is known from a Shawabti and from intrusive items from pyramid Nuri 16 bearing his name. On the dedication stela of Aspelta, a private name occurs which is very similar to Malewiebamani's name. His nomen appears at Kawa.

Talakhamani
Talakhamani was a Kushite King of Meroë during the second half of the 5th century BCE. No prenomen is known, and his nomen is Talakhamani. He may have been a son of Nasakhma and a younger brother of Malewiebamani. Alternatively, Talakhamani may have been a son of Malewiebamani.

Talakhamani is known from a stela from his chapel which is now in Boston. According to an inscription in Kawa he died in his palace at Meroe. He is said to have been succeeded by Amanineteyerike at the age of 41.

Talakhamani's name is etymologically identical with that of King Talakhidamani, who ruled seven centuries later in the late 3rd or early 4th century AD.
Namsen
Namsen (Norwegian) or Nååmesje (Southern Sami) is one of the longest rivers in Trøndelag county, in the central part of Norway.  The 228-kilometre (142 mi) long river flows through the municipalities of Røyrvik, Namsskogan, Grong, Overhalla, and Namsos before emptying into the Namsenfjorden. The river is the namesake for the whole Namdalen region. The river traditionally has been used for floating timber down from the forests to the town of Namsos, where the sawmills were located. Today, parts of the Namsen are regulated by several dams.

Grong Municipality
Grongⓘ (Southern Sami: Kråangke) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Medjå (sometimes called Grong also). Other villages in the municipality include Bergsmoen, Formofoss, Gartland, and Harran.

The 1,136-square-kilometre (439 sq mi) municipality is the 97th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Grong Municipality is the 264th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,322. The municipality's population density is 2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.2/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Remi Tinubu
Oluremi "Remi" Tinubu CON (Listenⓘ, born 21 September 1960) is a Nigerian politician and current first lady of Nigeria since 2023, as wife of President Bola Tinubu. She was the first lady of Lagos State from 1999 to 2007 when her husband was governor. She was the senator representing Lagos Central Senatorial District at the Nigerian National Assembly from 2011 to 2023. She is a member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) political party.

First Lady of Nigeria
The first lady of Nigeria is an informal, but accepted title, held by the wife of the president of Nigeria. The current first lady is Oluremi Tinubu who has held the title since 29 May 2023.

The Constitution of Nigeria does not create an office for the country's first lady or potential first gentleman. However, official funding and staff have been allocated to the first lady of Nigeria since the country's independence. The first lady is addressed by the title Her Excellency.
HMS Brecon (M29)
HMS Brecon is a Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel that served with the Royal Navy in the mine warfare role and since 2008 is employed as a non-commissioned static training ship at HMS Raleigh. Her pennant number was M29.

Hunt-class mine countermeasures vessel
The Hunt class is a class of thirteen mine countermeasure vessels of the Royal Navy. As built, they combined the separate roles of the traditional minesweeper and that of the active minehunter in one hull, but later modifications saw the removal of mine-sweeping equipment. They have a secondary role as offshore patrol vessels.
Jurjen van der Velde
Jurjen van der Velde (born 4 December 2002) is a Dutch professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events and World Darts Federation (WDF) tournaments. He has won titles in the PDC's secondary tours, winning three Challenge Tours and seven Development Tours. He reached the quarter-finals at the World Darts Federation's 2022 Dutch Open.

Van der Velde found success in the British Darts Organisation (BDO)'s youth system, most notably winning the 2018 World Youth Masters. He is also a multi-medalist at WDF boys' events, at both the WDF Europe Cup Youth and WDF World Cup. He also won the Junior Darts Corporation's JDC World Darts Championship in 2018.

Keane Barry
Keane Barry (born 25 June 2002) is an Irish professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. A professional since 2021, he reached his first PDC major semi-final at the 2022 UK Open and has represented Ireland at the PDC World Cup of Darts.

In his youth career, Barry found success in the British Darts Organisation (BDO)'s youth system, most notably winning the 2020 BDO World Youth Championship. He has also won eight PDC Development Tours, as well as the Junior Darts Corporation's JDC World Darts Championship in 2019.
Roxanne Seeman
Roxanne Joy Seeman is an American songwriter and lyricist. She is best known for her songs by Billie Hughes, Philip Bailey, Phil Collins, Earth, Wind & Fire, Barbra Streisand, Bette Midler, The Sisters of Mercy, The Jacksons, Jacky Cheung, and in film and television. She has two Emmy nominations.

Seeman is a writer and producer of the Japan Gold Disk Award International Single of the Year "Welcome To The Edge" by Billie Hughes.

She has written songs for Chinese artists including Jacky Cheung, Yang Kun, Chen Linong, Super Vocal, Rainie Yang and productions by Zhang Yadong and Gao Xiaosong.

Seeman is a producer of the Broadway shows To Kill a Mockingbird and The Waverly Gallery.

Tick Tock (Beat The Clock)
"Qing Chun Dou" 青春鬥 (Youth Bucket), Chinese title of Tick Tock (Beat The Clock) is a song by Taiwanese singer and actress Rainie Yang, written by Roxanne Seeman, Kine Ludvigsen-Fossheim, and Olav Fossheim.  It is the fourth single from Rainie Yang's studio album Rainie & Love...?, released by Sony Music Entertainment on January 1, 2010.

Rainie & Love...? has been certified platinum by Recording Industry Foundation in Taiwan (RIT) with sales of 50,000 units, making it one of Taiwan's best selling albums. The Japanese version "Koi no Mahō" of "Qing Chun Dou" was released in Japan on January 27, 2010. It was included in the Japanese celebration edition released on February 5, 2010.

"Qing Chun Dou", "青春鬥 (Youth Bucket)", was featured in the hit Taiwanese TV drama Hi My Sweetheart starring Rainie Yang and Show Lo.
Alexander Luthor Jr.
Alexander Luthor Jr. is a character appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. The son of Earth-Three's Lex Luthor, he played a large role in the Crisis on Infinite Earths and Infinite Crisis events.

Crime Syndicate of America
The Crime Syndicate or Crime Syndicate of America (CSA, with America sometimes spelled Amerika) is a team of supervillains featured in DC Comics. The team is composed of evil parallel-universe counterparts of the Justice League, first appearing in Justice League of America #29 in August 1964 with members Ultraman, Owlman, Superwoman, Johnny Quick, and Power Ring, counterparts to Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, the Flash, and Green Lantern respectively.

The Crime Syndicate has undergone several revisions in its publication history. Its members were originally portrayed as being from Earth-3, then an antimatter Earth in the JLA: Earth 2 graphic novel. Following The New 52 reboot, the team reverted back to an Earth-3 origin, where they appear in Justice League Volume 2 as the main focus of the crossover storyline Forever Evil. An analogous team, the Crime Society, a villainous version of the Justice Society, appeared in 52, later featuring in Countdown to Final Crisis.
Seneca, Missouri
Seneca is a city in western Newton County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2020 census, Seneca had a population of 2,230. Located on the southwestern border of the state, the city is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Joplin metropolitan area
The Joplin, Missouri-Kansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Jasper, Newton, and  Cherokee counties in southwest Missouri and southeast Kansas anchored by the city of Joplin. The estimated 2024 population of the Joplin, MO-KS (MSA) is 207,131. As of March 2023, The U.S. Census Bureau MSA delineation report added Cherokee County, Kansas to the Joplin, MO MSA making it the Joplin, MO-KS MSA.

The Joplin–Miami, MO–KS-OK, Combined Statistical Area (CSA) includes the Miami, Oklahoma micropolitan statistical area,  As of 2024, the Joplin-Miami (CSA) estimated population is 237,535.
Land of Nod
The Land of Nod (Hebrew: אֶרֶץ־נוֹד‎ – ʾereṣ-Nōḏ) is a place mentioned in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, located "on the east of Eden" (qiḏmaṯ-ʿḖḏen), where Cain was exiled by God after Cain had murdered his brother Abel. According to Genesis 4:16:

And Cain went out from the presence of the LORD, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden.
וַיֵּ֥צֵא קַ֖יִן מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב בְּאֶֽרֶץ־נֹ֖וד קִדְמַת־עֵֽדֶן׃‎

Genesis 4:17 relates that after arriving in the Land of Nod, Cain's wife had a son with him, Enoch, in whose name he built the first city.

Cain
Cain is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within Abrahamic religions. He is the elder brother of Abel, and the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, the first couple within the Bible. He was a farmer who gave an offering of his crops to God. However, God was not pleased and favored Abel's offering over Cain's. Out of jealousy, Cain killed his brother, for which he was punished by God with the curse and mark of Cain. He had several descendants, starting with his son Enoch and including Lamech.

The narrative is notably unclear on God's reason for rejecting Cain's sacrifice. Some traditional interpretations within Abrahamic religions consider Cain to be the originator of evil, violence, or greed.
Pentagrid converter
The pentagrid converter is a type of radio receiving valve (vacuum tube) with five grids used as the frequency mixer stage of a superheterodyne radio receiver.

The pentagrid was part of a line of development of valves that were able to take an incoming RF signal and change its frequency to a fixed intermediate frequency, which was then amplified and detected in the remainder of the receiver circuitry.  The device was generically referred to as a frequency changer or just mixer.

Frequency mixer
In electronics, a mixer or frequency mixer is a circuit that outputs signals with new frequencies from two signals input to it. In its most common application, two signals are input and two signals are output, having frequencies equal to the sum and the difference of the original frequencies. Other frequency components may also be produced in a practical frequency mixer.

Mixers are widely used to shift signals from one frequency range to another, a process known as heterodyning, for convenience in transmission or further signal processing. For example, a key component of a superheterodyne receiver is a mixer used to move received signals to a common intermediate frequency. Frequency mixers are also used to modulate a carrier signal in radio transmitters.