hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Lord Pierpont
James Lord Pierpont (April 25, 1822 – August 5, 1893) was an American composer, songwriter, arranger, organist, and Confederate States soldier. Pierpont wrote and composed "Jingle Bells" in 1857, originally titled "The One Horse Open Sleigh".

Pierpont was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and died in Winter Haven, Florida. Although Pierpont is obscure today, his composition "Jingle Bells" has become synonymous with the Christmas holiday and is one of the most performed and most recognizable songs in the world.

1st Georgia Cavalry Battalion
1st Georgia Cavalry Battalion was a battalion of cavalry that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

It was first organized with five companies during the late fall of 1861 in Rome, Georgia, composed of men from Meriwether, Floyd, and Lumkin, who had enlisted for 6 months' service. Reorganized after the term of enlistment had expired, the 1st Battalion served along the Georgia coast until January 1863, then merged into the 5th Georgia Cavalry Regiment. Lieutenant Colonel Charles Spalding was the regimental commander. Karlos Krane created the official regimental flag for the Union.

James Lord Pierpont served as a private in the Lamar Rangers.
Reid Wilson
Reid D. Wilson (born May 30, 1996) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series, driving the No. 44 Chevrolet Silverado for Niece Motorsports.

Young's Motorsports
Young's Motorsports is an American professional stock car racing team that competes in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series. They field the No. 02 Chevrolet Camaro SS full-time for Ryan Ellis and the No. 42 for multiple drivers. They previously competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and ARCA Menards Series.
RSS-40 Buran
The Buran (Russian: Буран, named for the Buran wind) cruise missile, designation M-40 (М-40) sometimes referred to as RSS-40, was a Soviet intercontinental cruise missile by Myasishchev capable of carrying a 3,500 kg hydrogen bomb payload. The project was canceled before flight tests began. It is unrelated to the later Buran reusable orbiter.

Burya
The Burya ("Storm" in Russian; Russian: Буря) was a supersonic, intercontinental cruise missile, developed by the Lavochkin design bureau (chief designer Naum Semyonovich Chernyakov) under designation La-350 (Ла-350) from 1954 until the program cancellation in February 1960.: 300  The request for proposal issued by the Soviet government in 1954, called for a cruise missile capable of delivering a nuclear payload to the United States. Analogous developments in the United States were the SM-62 Snark and SM-64 Navaho cruise missiles, particularly the latter, which used parallel technology and had similar performance goals.
David Henley
David Henley (February 5/12, 1748/9 – January 1, 1823) was a Continental Army officer during the American Revolutionary War, who served as George Washington's intelligence officer and prisoner of war commandant. He later served as the Agent for the United States Department of War for the Southwest Territory (later Tennessee) in the 1790s.

Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
During the American Revolutionary War, the Continental Army and British Army conducted espionage operations against one another to collect military intelligence to inform military operations. In addition, both sides conducted political action, covert action, counterintelligence, deception, and propaganda operations as part of their overall strategies.

American intelligence was monitored and sanctioned by the Continental Congress to provide military intelligence to the Continental Army to aid them in fighting the British during the American Revolutionary War. Congress created a Secret Committee for domestic intelligence, a Committee of Secret Correspondence for foreign intelligence, and a committee on spies, for tracking spies within the Patriot movement.

British espionage efforts were overseen by the British Army and focused primarily on gathering military intelligence to support military operations.
New Brunswick Community College
New Brunswick Community College (NBCC) is a public college located throughout various locations in New Brunswick, Canada, including Moncton, Miramichi, Fredericton (its head office), Saint John, St. Andrews, and Woodstock.

New Brunswick Community College provides over 90 programs, offered at six campuses, First Nations sites, and regional delivery sites throughout the province of New Brunswick.

On May 29, 2010, New Brunswick Community College embarked on a self-governance model with the proclamation of the New Brunswick Community Colleges Act. The move established NBCC as an autonomous Crown Corporation whereby the President and CEO of the college report to an elected Board of Governors.

NBCC is a member of many national and international organizations, including Colleges and Institutes Canada (CICan). Through its membership with CICan, NBCC has signed the Indigenous Education Protocol.

Saint Andrews, New Brunswick
Saint Andrews  is a town in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada. The historic town is a national historic site of Canada, bearing many characteristics of a typical 18th century British colonial settlement, including the original grid layout with its market square, and the classical architecture.

Although often shortened in non-official sources to St. Andrews, the town's legal name is spelt Saint Andrews, and appears as such on the town's website; St. Andrews by-the-Sea is a brand used for tourism purposes by the local Chamber of Commerce.

On 1 January 2023, Saint Andrews annexed the local service district of Bayside and Chamcook. Revised census information has not yet been released.
Rupel Formation
The Rupel Formation (abbreviation: RU) is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands that consists of Oligocene marine sands and clays. The Rupel Formation is part of the Middle North Sea Group and correlates exactly with the Belgian Rupel Group.

Middle North Sea Group
The Middle North Sea Group (abbreviation: NM) is a group of geologic formations in the Dutch subsurface, part of the North Sea Supergroup. The three formations of this group form a thick sequence of sediments in the Dutch subsurface, they crop out in parts of the southern Netherlands. The Middle North Sea Group was deposited from the late Eocene to late Oligocene, between 37 and 23 million years ago.

Its three formations are (from old to young) the Tongeren, Rupel and Veldhoven Formations. The Tongeren Formation has a continental to paralic facies, the other two consist mainly of shallow marine clays and sands.
Emilio Sampere
Emilio Sampere Oliveras (8 January 1885 – 4 December 1966) was a Spanish footballer, referee and manager. He was one of the most important figures in the amateur beginnings of RCD Espanyol as a player, captain, club founder, manager, and director.

Sampere played as a forward during the 1900s, but then moved to the midfield in the 1910s.

Catalan football championship
The Catalan football championship (Campionat de Catalunya) was a football competition in Catalonia and the first football league in Spain before La Liga was established in 1929.

In December 1900, Alfons Macaya, the president of Hispania AC, offered a trophy (the Copa Macaya) to be contested by several football teams from Spain. The league was played between 1901 and 1940 and was cancelled in Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
Dragan Vasiljković
Dragan Vasiljković (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Васиљковић; born 12 December 1954), nicknamed Captain Dragan (Serbian: Капетан Драган, romanized: Kapetan Dragan) is a convicted war criminal and former commander of a Serb paramilitary unit called the Kninjas during the Yugoslav Wars. In 2005, prosecutors in Croatia accused him of committing alleged war crimes during the wars. A warrant for his arrest was subsequently issued by Interpol.

He was arrested in Australia in January 2006, and ordered to prison by the High Court of Australia in anticipation for extradition to Croatia to face prosecution for his alleged crimes. He was extradited to Croatia on 8 July 2015 after losing his thirteenth appeal and sentenced to 15 years in prison on 26 September 2017 by the County Court in the city of Split. Dragan was released from prison in March 2020 after serving his sentence.

Kninjas
The Kninjas (Serbian: Книнџе / Knindže), also known as the Red Berets, was a Serb paramilitary unit and a volunteer militia supporting the Army of Serb Krajina during the Croatian War of Independence. It was based in Knin, the capital of breakaway SAO Krajina that became the Republic of Serb Krajina (RSK).

It was led by Serbian-Australian Dragan Vasiljković, known as "Captain Dragan", and who was later convicted of war crimes. The unit was one of several notable Serb paramilitary units, alongside the White Eagles, Serbian Volunteer Guard, Scorpions, Wolves of Vučjak, and others.
Theinkhathu Saw Hnaung
Theinkhathu Saw Hnaung (Burmese: သိင်္ခသူ စောနှောင်း, pronounced [θèiɴgəðù sɔ́ n̥áʊɴ]) was governor of Sagu in the Kingdom of Ava in the late 14th century. He was a grandson of King Thihathu of Pinya, and was one of the four top commanders of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava. He successfully resisted King Thado Minbya's multiple attempts to take his home region (1365−67). He later submitted to Swa. He served in the war against the southern Hanthawaddy Kingdom between 1386 and 1391 and defended the kingdom against the northern state of Mohnyin.

Queen Shin Bo-Me of Ava was his grand daughter.

Forty Years' War
The Forty Years' War (Burmese: အနှစ်လေးဆယ်စစ်; 1385 – 1423; also Ava–Pegu War or the Mon–Burmese War) was a military war fought between the Burmese-speaking Kingdom of Ava and the Mon-speaking Kingdom of Hanthawaddy. The war was fought during two separate periods: 1385 to 1391, and 1401 to 1424, interrupted by two truces of 1391–1401 and 1403–1408. It was fought primarily in today's Lower Burma and also in Upper Burma, Shan State, and Rakhine State. It ended in a stalemate, preserving the independence of Hanthawaddy, and effectively ending Ava's efforts to rebuild the erstwhile Pagan Kingdom.
Banksia rufa subsp. chelomacarpa
Banksia rufa subsp. chelomacarpa is a subspecies of Banksia rufa. It was known as Dryandra ferruginea subsp. chelomacarpa until 2007, when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sunk all Dryandra into Banksia. Since the name Banksia ferruginea had already been used, Mast and Thiele had to choose a new specific epithet for D. ferruginea and hence for this subspecies of it. As with other members of Banksia ser. Dryandra, it is endemic to the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia.

Banksia rufa
Banksia rufa is a species of prostrate shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has broadly linear, pinnatifid or pinnatipartite leaves with between five and twenty lobes on each side, yellow, orange or brownish flowers in heads of forty or more, and glabrous, egg-shaped follicles.
Churchbridge, Saskatchewan
Churchbridge is a town in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, located at the junction of the Yellowhead Highway (Highway 16), and Highway 80. Churchbridge is a part of the Rural Municipality of Churchbridge No. 211, which is located within Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities (SARM) Division No. 1 and census division Number 5.

Division No. 5, Saskatchewan
Division No. 5 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the east-southeastern part of the province, bordering Manitoba. The most populous community in this division is Melville.
Hrafn Haengsson
Hrafn Hængsson (Old Norse: [ˈhrɑvn ˈhɛːŋɡsˌson]; Modern Icelandic: [ˈr̥apn̥ ˈhaiŋsˌsɔːn]) was a tenth-century Icelandic jurist and goði. He was the son of Ketil Haeng, one of the early settlers of Iceland, and his wife Ingunn.

Hrafn was one of the main parties responsible for the unification of Iceland under the Althing and was then appointed lawspeaker at the first Althing in 930 CE. He served in that capacity until 949.

Ketil Trout (Iceland)
Ketil Thorkelsson (Old Norse: Ketill Þorkelsson [ˈketelː ˈθorˌkelsˌson]), better known by his nickname Ketil Trout or Ketil Salmon (O.N.: Ketill hængr [ˈketelː ˈhɛːŋɡz̠]; Modern Icelandic: Ketill hængur Þorkelsson [ˈcʰɛːtɪtl̥ ˈhaiŋkʏr ˈθɔrˌcʰɛlsˌsɔːn]) was a Norwegian military commander (hersir) of the late ninth century who settled in Iceland around 900 CE. He appears in  Egils saga, the Landnámabók, and other Icelandic sources.
Becket Hill State Park Reserve
Becket Hill State Park Reserve is a public recreation area lying adjacent to Nehantic State Forest in the town of Lyme, Connecticut. The state park is as an undeveloped, walk-in park totaling 260 acres (110 ha) with no officially listed activities. It is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.

Lyme, Connecticut
Lyme is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States, situated on the eastern side of the Connecticut River. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 2,352 at the 2020 census. Lyme is the eponym of Lyme disease.
The Supremes (2000 album)
The Supremes is a 2000 box set compilation of the material by Motown's most popular act of the 1960s, The Supremes. The set covers The Supremes' entire recording history, from its first recordings as The Primettes in 1960 to its final recordings in 1976.

The set is four compact discs long; a bonus disc, An Evening with The Supremes, contained mostly unreleased live recordings and was included in the first 25,000 sets. Included in the set is a 70-page booklet with extensive essays, track annotations, and a full discography.

Tears of Sorrow
"Tears of Sorrow" is the first single by The Primettes, later known as The Supremes, released in 1960. This was their first and only single from Lu Pine Records. "Tears of Sorrow," along with the Mary Wilson-led "Pretty Baby", are the only known recordings that feature the vocals of Betty McGlown. It would later appear on the 2000 box set The Supremes. The Supremes would later rerecord the song at Motown, but this version would go unreleased until the 2008 compilation album Let The Music Play: Supreme Rarities 1960-1969.
Jamestown, Rhode Island
Jamestown is a town in Newport County, Rhode Island,  United States. The population was 5,559 at the 2020 census. Jamestown is situated almost entirely on Conanicut Island, the second largest island in Narragansett Bay. It also includes the uninhabited Dutch Island and Gould Island.

Conanicut Island
41°31′00″N 71°23′00″W﻿ / ﻿41.5167°N 71.3833°W﻿ / 41.5167; -71.3833

Conanicut Island (/kəˈnænəkʌt/ kə-NAN-ə-kut) is an island in Narragansett Bay in the American state of Rhode Island. The second-largest in the Bay, it is connected on the east to Newport on Aquidneck Island by the Claiborne Pell Bridge, commonly known as the Newport Bridge, and on the west to North Kingstown on the mainland via the Jamestown-Verrazano Bridge. The town of Jamestown comprises the entire island. The U.S. Census Bureau reported a land area of 24.46 km2 (9.44 sq mi) and a population of 5,622 in 2000.  A tombolo connects the southern part of Conanicut to an extension of the island to the southwest.
Lomonosov (Martian crater)
Lomonosov is a crater on Mars, with a diameter close to 150 km. It is located in the Martian northern plains. Since it is large and found close (64.9° north) to the boundary between the Mare Acidalium quadrangle and the Mare Boreum quadrangle, it is found on both maps. The topography is smooth and young in this area, hence Lomonosov is easy to spot on large maps of Mars.

The crater was named in 1973 in honour of Mikhail V. Lomonosov.

The impact that created the crater has been identified as a possible source of tsunami waves which washed the shores of an ancient ocean formerly present in the basin Vastitas Borealis. In July 2019, further support was reported for an ancient ocean on Mars that may have been formed by a possible mega-tsunami source resulting from a meteorite impact creating Lomonosov crater.

Mars ocean hypothesis
The Mars ocean hypothesis states that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was covered by an ocean of liquid water early in the planet's geologic history. This primordial ocean, dubbed Paleo-Ocean or Oceanus Borealis (/oʊˈsiːənəs ˌbɒriˈælɪs/ oh-SEE-ə-nəs BORR-ee-AL-iss), would have filled the basin Vastitas Borealis in the northern hemisphere, a region that lies 4–5 km (2.5–3.1 mi) below the mean planetary elevation, at a time period of approximately 4.1–3.8 billion years ago. Evidence for this ocean includes geographic features resembling ancient shorelines, and the chemical properties of the Martian soil and atmosphere. Early Mars would have required a denser atmosphere and warmer climate to allow liquid water to remain at the surface.
German destroyer Z36
Z36 was one of five Type 1936B destroyers built for the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) during World War II. Completed in early 1944, the ship spent the war in the Baltic Sea, escorting German ships, laying minefields, and bombarding Soviet forces. On 12 December, a navigational error caused her to enter a German minefield as she was preparing to lay another minefield in the Gulf of Finland off the Estonian coast. Z36 struck a single mine and sank with the loss of all hands. The wreck was surveyed in 1994.

Type 1936B destroyer
The Type 1936B destroyers were a group of five destroyers built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine between 1941 and 1942, of which only three were completed and saw service. Eight ships of this design were ordered, but the orders for three ships were cancelled before construction began. Z35 was the first ship of the class to be completed and was commissioned in mid-1943. Her sister ships, Z36 and Z43, followed in 1944. Z44 was sunk during an air raid in 1944 before she was completed while Z45 was never completed. Both ships were scrapped after the war.

All three ships spent the war in the Baltic Sea, escorting German convoys, laying minefields, and bombarding Soviet forces in 1944–1945. Z35 and Z36  were lost in the Gulf of Finland after hitting friendly mines in late 1944, while Z43 was scuttled a few days before the end of the war in May 1945.
Roodepoort
Roodepoort (locally /ˈrʊərdəpʊərt/ ROOR-də-poort) is a city in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Formerly an independent municipality, Roodepoort became part of the Johannesburg municipality in the late 1990s, along with Randburg and Sandton. Johannesburg's most famous botanical garden, Witwatersrand National Botanical Gardens (now renamed Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden), is located in Roodepoort.

Randfontein
Randfontein is a gold mining town in the West Rand, Gauteng, South Africa, 40 km (25 mi) west of Johannesburg. With the Witwatersrand gold rush in full swing, mining financier JB Robinson bought the farm Randfontein and, in 1889, floated the Randfontein Estates Gold Mining Company. The town was established in 1890 to serve the new mine and was administered by Krugersdorp until it became a municipality in 1929.: 292
National Register of Historic Places listings in Haywood County, North Carolina
This list includes properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Haywood County, North Carolina. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view an online map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.

Haywood County, North Carolina
Haywood County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 62,089. The county seat and its largest community is Waynesville.

Haywood County is part of the Waynesville, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Signalling control
On a rail transport system, signalling control is the process by which control is exercised over train movements by way of railway signals and block systems to ensure that trains operate safely, over the correct route and to the proper timetable. Signalling control was originally exercised via a decentralised network of control points that were known by a variety of names including signal box (International and British) and interlocking tower (North America). London Underground call them signalling cabins, and the Great Central Railway referred to them as signal cabins. Currently these decentralised systems are being consolidated into wide scale signalling centres or dispatch offices. Whatever the form, signalling control provides an interface between the human signal operator and the lineside signalling equipment. The technical apparatus used to control switches (points), signals and block systems is called interlocking.

Railway signal
A railway signal is a visual display device that conveys instructions or provides warning of instructions regarding the driver's authority to proceed. The driver interprets the signal's indication and acts accordingly. Typically, a signal might inform the driver of the speed at which the train may safely proceed or it may instruct the driver to stop.
Valdivian temperate forests
The Valdivian temperate forests (NT0404) is an ecoregion on the west coast of southern South America, in Chile and Argentina. It is part of the Neotropical realm. The forests are named after the city of Valdivia. The Valdivian temperate rainforests are characterized by their dense understories of bamboos, ferns, and for being mostly dominated by evergreen angiosperm trees with some deciduous specimens, though conifer trees are also common.

Bosque de Fray Jorge National Park
Bosque de Fray Jorge national park or Bosque Fray Jorge national park (Spanish Parque Nacional Bosque Fray Jorge) lies in the Limarí Province, Coquimbo Region, Chile. It is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. Management of this and other national parks in Chile is entrusted to Corporacion Nacional Forestal, CONAF.
New Avengers
The New Avengers are a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The title has been used for four American comic book series. The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel's premiere superhero team, the Avengers. The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati (formerly introduced in New Avengers vol. 1 #7, July 2005). The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M., reformed as "Avengers Idea Mechanics", whose field team has appropriated the name "New Avengers" for itself.

A version of the New Avengers debuted in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Thunderbolts* (2025), and are set to return in Avengers: Doomsday (2026).

Dark Avengers
Dark Avengers is a 2009–2013 American comic book series published by Marvel Comics. It is part of a series of titles that features various iterations of the superhero team the Avengers, with this version of the team – unbeknownst to the public in its stories – having several members who are actually supervillains and anti-heroes disguised as the established superheroes.