hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parczew
Parczew [ˈpart͡ʂɛf] is a town in eastern Poland, with a population of 10,281 (2006).  It is the capital of Parczew County in the Lublin Voivodeship.

Parczew historically belongs to Lesser Poland (Małopolska) region. The town lies 60 kilometers north of Lublin, and 70 kilometers south of Biala Podlaska. It has a rail station on the secondary-importance line from Lublin to Łuków, which was inaugurated in 1898.

Parczew County
Parczew County (Polish: powiat parczewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland. It was established on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Parczew, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The county covers an area of 952.62 square kilometres (367.8 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population is 34,809, including 10,602 in Parczew and a rural population of 24,207.
Methyl thiocyanate
Methyl thiocyanate is an organic compound with the formula CH3SCN.  The simplest member of the organic thiocyanates, it is a colourless liquid with an onion-like odor.  It is produced by the methylation of thiocyanate salts.  The compound is a precursor to the more useful isomer methyl isothiocyanate (CH3NCS).

Organic thiocyanates
Organic thiocyanates are organic compounds containing the functional group RSCN. the organic group is attached to sulfur: R−S−C≡N has a S–C single bond and a C≡N triple bond.

Organic thiocyanates are valued building blocks. They allow to access efficiently various sulfur containing functional groups and scaffolds.
Kawhia Harbour
Kawhia Harbour (Māori: Kāwhia) is one of three large natural inlets in the Tasman Sea coast of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located to the south of Raglan Harbour, Ruapuke and Aotea Harbour, 40 kilometres southwest of Hamilton. Kawhia is part of the Ōtorohanga District and is in the King Country. It has a high-tide area of 68 km2 (26 sq mi) and a low-tide area of 18 km2 (6.9 sq mi). Te Motu Island is located in the harbour.

The settlement of Kawhia is located on the northern coast of the inlet, and was an important port in early colonial New Zealand. The area of Kawhia comprises 16 to 20 hectares (40 to 50 acres) and is the town block that was owned by the New Zealand Government. The government bought it from the Europeans in 1880 "not from the original Māori owners, but from a European who claimed ownership in payment of money owed by another European".

Ngāti Maniapoto
Ngāti Maniapoto is an iwi (tribe) based in the Waikato-Waitomo region of New Zealand's North Island. It is part of the Tainui confederation, the members of which trace their whakapapa (genealogy) back to people who arrived in New Zealand on the waka (canoe) Tainui. The 2018 New Zealand census reports show an estimated population of 45,930 people who affiliated with Maniapoto, making it the 9th most-populous iwi in New Zealand.
Omaha World-Herald
The Omaha World-Herald is a daily newspaper in the midwestern United States, the primary newspaper of the Omaha-Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

It was locally owned from its founding in 1885 until 2020, when it was sold to the newspaper chain Lee Enterprises by its most recent local owner, Warren Buffett, chairman of Omaha-based Berkshire Hathaway.

For more than a century it circulated daily throughout  Nebraska – a state that is 430 miles (690 km) long. It also circulated daily throughout all of Iowa, and in parts of Kansas, South Dakota, Missouri, Colorado, and Wyoming. It retrenched during the 2008 financial crisis, ending far-flung circulation and restricting daily delivery to an area in Nebraska and Iowa within an approximately 100-mile (160 km) radius of Omaha.

Pulitzer Prize for Public Service
The Pulitzer Prize for Public Service is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism. It recognizes a distinguished example of meritorious public service by a newspaper or news site through the use of its journalistic resources, which may include editorials, cartoons, photographs, graphics, video and other online material, and may be presented in print or online or both.

The Public Service prize was one of the original Pulitzers, established in 1917, but no award was given that year. It is the only prize in the program that awards a gold medal and is the most prestigious one for a newspaper to win.

As with other Pulitzer Prizes, a committee of jurors narrows the field to three nominees, from which the Pulitzer Board generally picks a winner and finalists. Finalists have been made public since 1980. The Pulitzer Board issues an official citation explaining the reason for the award.
101st Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 101st Brigade was an infantry formation of  the British Army during World War I. It was raised as part of  'Kitchener's Army' and was assigned to the 34th Division. After the original formation was converted into a reserve brigade, the number was transferred to a brigade of  'Pals battalions'. The brigade landed in France with 34th Division at the end of 1915 and then served on the Western Front for the rest of the war, seeing action at the Somme – when its battalions were shattered on the First Day – and at Arras and Ypres. Virtually destroyed during the German spring offensive of 1918, the brigade was reconstituted with new units in time to take part in the final battles of the war.

Robert Clements Gore
Brigadier-General Robert Clements Gore CB CMG (3 February 1867 – 13 April 1918) was a British Army officer who was killed in action during the First World War. He was a member of the Anglo-Irish Gore family.
Torres Strait Islanders
Torres Strait Islanders (/ˈtɒrɪs/ TORR-iss) are the Indigenous Melanesian peoples of the Torres Strait Islands, which are part of the state of Queensland, Australia. Ethnically distinct from the Aboriginal peoples of the rest of Australia, they are often grouped with them as Indigenous Australians. Today, many more Torres Strait Islander people live in mainland Australia than on the islands.

Five distinct peoples exist within the broader designation of Torres Strait Islander people, based partly on geographical and cultural divisions. Kalaw Lagaw Ya and Meriam Mir comprise the two main Indigenous language groups; Yumplatok is also widely spoken as a language of trade and commerce. The core of Island culture is Papuan, and the people are traditionally a seafaring nation. Torres Strait Islanders exhibit a strong artistic culture, particularly in sculpture, printmaking, and mask-making.

Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia. The land is mostly flat and about half of the area is used for grazing cattle. The relatively undisturbed eucalyptus-wooded savannahs, tropical rainforests and other types of habitat are now recognised and preserved for their global environmental significance. Although much of the peninsula remains pristine, with a diverse repertoire of endemic flora and fauna, some of its wildlife may be threatened by industry and overgrazing as well as introduced species and weeds.

The northernmost point of the peninsula is Cape York.
The land has been occupied by a number of Aboriginal Australian peoples for tens of thousands of years. In 1606, Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon on board the Duyfken was the first European to land in Australia, reaching the Cape York Peninsula.
Nederlandse Christelijke Radio Vereniging
NCRV (Nederlandse Christelijke Radio Vereniging) (English: Dutch Christian Radio Association) was a public radio and television broadcaster in the Netherlands, mostly transmitting on NPO 1 and NPO 2.

On 1 January 2014, NCRV merged with KRO to form KRO-NCRV.

KRO-NCRV
KRO-NCRV is a Dutch public broadcasting company based in Hilversum established on 1 January 2014 from a merger of the broadcasters Catholic Radio Broadcasting (KRO) and the Dutch Christian Radio Association (NCRV), transmitting on NPO 1, NPO 2 and NPO 3. In 2016, the broadcaster also took on the programming from the former Roman Catholic Church Association (RKK) and proposed to serve "the Catholic and Protestant Christian communities" in the Netherlands.

At the official census by the Media Commission in 2014, KRO-NCRV, in spite of a minor loss of membership, appeared to be the largest broadcaster in the Netherlands at the time, with nearly eight hundred thousand (798,930) members.
Sonnyjim
Sonnyjim is a rapper and hip-hop producer from Birmingham, England. Since first releasing music in 2006 he has steadily built an underground following. Reviewers have noted his laid back delivery and lyrics of luxury and excess, alongside his consistent collaborations with prominent hip hop artists from the US and UK.

Throughout his career he has rapped with and produced for various noted U.S. hip hop artists, including MF Doom, Jay Electronica, DJ Premier, Madlib, Roc Marciano and Buckwild. He has been involved with labels like Daupe! and Blah Records as well as collaborations with artists on Griselda Records like Conway the Machine and Westside Gunn.

His 2016 album Mud in My Malbec, and the 2022 release White Girl Wasted with producer The Purist, brought Sonnyjim significantly wider attention.

The Purist
Lawrence Lord, professionally known as The Purist, is a British hip hop record producer and DJ from Chichester, West Sussex. He has collaborated with various prominent American and British rappers including MF Doom, Westside Gunn, Danny Brown, Freddie Gibbs, CasIsDead, Loyle Carner and Sonnyjim.

Music media figures have called The Purist's productions "lush and sample heavy", "soulful Blaxploitation infused", "ethereal and eerie", and "cinematically moody". He has self described himself as a "purveyor of luxury rap beats".

Lord also founded and works as creative director of record label Daupe!, which has released music from Westside Gunn, Conway the Machine, Ghostface Killah and Mach Hommy.

The Purist's production credits include contributions to the Mercury Award-nominated album Yesterday's Gone by Loyle Carner and the album Famous Last Words by 2024 Brit Award winner CasIsDead.
Lentate sul Seveso
Lentate sul Seveso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan.

Lentate sul Seveso borders the following municipalities: Mariano Comense, Carimate, Cermenate, Novedrate, Cabiate, Meda, Lazzate, Misinto, Barlassina, Cogliate. Sights include the Oratories of Mocchirolo and Santo Stefano, as well as the Villa Valdettaro. The Oratory of Santo Stefano contains a cycle of 14th century frescoes.

Lentate is served by the Camnago-Lentate railway station.

Camnago–Lentate railway station
Camnago–Lentate railway station is a railway station in Italy. Located on the Milan–Chiasso railway, and linked with a branch of the Milan–Asso railway, it serves the town of Lentate sul Seveso, and particularly its suburb Camnago.
Ajñana
Ajñāna (Sanskrit: अज्ञान, (Vedic) IPA: /ɐd͡ʑ.ɲɑː.nɐ/; (Classical) IPA: /ɐd͡ʑˈɲɑː.n̪ɐ/) is an ancient nāstika, or 'heterodox,' Indian school of agnosticism that embraces radical skepticism. It emerged as a Śramaṇa movement and was a major rival of early Buddhism, Jainism and the Ājīvika school. They have been recorded in Buddhist and Jain texts. They held that it was impossible to obtain knowledge of metaphysical nature or ascertain the truth value of philosophical propositions; and even if knowledge was possible, it was useless and disadvantageous for final salvation. They specialized in refutation without propagating any positive doctrine of their own. Sanjaya Belatthiputta was one of the major proponents of this school of thought.

Pyrrhonism
Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs. It was founded by Aenesidemus in the first century BCE, and said to have been inspired by the teachings of Pyrrho and Timon of Phlius in the fourth century BCE.

Pyrrhonism is best known today  through the surviving works of Sextus Empiricus, writing in the late second century or early third century CE. The publication of Sextus' works in the Renaissance ignited a revival of interest in Skepticism and played a major role in Reformation thought and the development of early modern philosophy.
Flat cover
In algebra, a flat cover of a module M over a ring is a surjective homomorphism from a flat module F to M that is in some sense minimal. Any module over a ring has a flat cover that is unique up to (non-unique) isomorphism. Flat covers are in some sense dual to injective hulls, and are related to projective covers and torsion-free covers.

Injective hull
In mathematics, particularly in algebra, the injective hull (or injective envelope) of a module is both the smallest injective module containing it and the largest essential extension of it.  Injective hulls were first described in (Eckmann & Schopf 1953).
Density matrix renormalization group
The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is a numerical variational technique devised to obtain the low-energy physics of quantum many-body systems with high accuracy. The DMRG algorithm attempts to find the lowest-energy matrix product state wavefunction of a Hamiltonian. It was invented in 1992 by Steven R. White and it is nowadays the most efficient method for 1-dimensional systems.

Quantum Heisenberg model
The quantum Heisenberg model, developed by Werner Heisenberg, is a statistical mechanical model used in the study of critical points and phase transitions of magnetic systems, in which the spins of the magnetic systems are treated quantum mechanically. It is related to the prototypical Ising model, where at each site of a lattice, a spin  represents a microscopic magnetic dipole to which the magnetic moment is either up or down. Except the coupling between magnetic dipole moments, there is also a multipolar version of Heisenberg model called the multipolar exchange interaction.
Calvera (X-ray source)
In astronomy, Calvera (also known as 1RXS J141256.0+792204) is an X-ray source in the constellation Ursa Minor, identified in 2007 as an isolated neutron star.  It is one of the hottest and closest of its kind to Earth.

It is named after the villain in the 1960 film The Magnificent Seven, as it is the eighth such neutron star known within 500 parsecs of Earth, and the seven previously discovered isolated neutron stars are called 'The Magnificent Seven'.

There is a ring of radio emission almost a degree in diameter, offset about 4′.9 from Calvera itself; it is very likely its supernova remnant.

The Magnificent Seven (neutron stars)
The Magnificent Seven is the informal name of a group of young cooling isolated neutron stars at a distance of 120 to 500 parsecs from Earth. These objects are also known under the names XDINS (X-ray Dim Isolated Neutron Stars) or simply XINS.
Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps
59°57′14″N 30°18′50″E﻿ / ﻿59.9539°N 30.3138°E﻿ / 59.9539; 30.3138

The Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps (Russian: Военно-исторический музей артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи), also known simply as the Artillery Museum, is a state-owned military museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Its collections – consisting of Russian military equipment, uniforms and decorations – are hosted in the Kronverk (a crownwork of the Peter and Paul Fortress) situated on the right bank of the Neva near Alexander Park. The museum is managed by the Russian Ministry of Defence.

Kronverk
The Kronverk (Russian: Кронверк, from the German word for "crownwork") is a ground fortification for the Sts. Peter and Paul Fortress in Saint Petersburg, Russia.  The Kronverk is situated on Petrogradsky Island, across the small island of the fortress proper (separated by the Kronverksky Strait).  It was built in 1705–08, with reconstructions in 1752 and 1800.

Strictly speaking, it is on its own island: Artillery Island (Kronverksky Island), which is separated from the rest of Petrogradsky Island by the Kronverksky Canal.

On 13 July 1826, five participants of the Decembrists' conspiracy were hanged on the eastern rampart of the Kronverk (in 1975, an obelisk was installed on the supposed site of execution).

Today, it houses the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps, which is also known as the Artillery Museum.
Palestinian Village Leagues
The Palestinian Village Leagues (Harakat al-Rawabet al-Filistiniyya) were a group of rural leadership organisations in the Palestinian West Bank active between 1978 and 1984. Based on clan structures, the Village Leagues were created and armed with Israeli support as part a framework in which the Israeli government believed it could undermine the influence of the more urban, nationalist, and left-wing Palestine Liberation Organization. Widely considered among the Palestinian population as inauthentic and as collaborators, the Village Leagues were ultimately dissolved less than a decade after their creation.

Israeli Civil Administration
The Civil Administration (Hebrew: המנהל האזרחי, ha-Minhal ha-ʿEzraḥi; Arabic: الإدارة المدنية الإسرائيلية) is the Israeli governing body that operates in the West Bank. It was established by the government of Israel in 1981, in order to carry out practical bureaucratic functions within the territories captured by Israel in 1967. While formally separate, it was subordinate to the Israeli military.: 133 : 108

The Civil Administration is subordinate to a larger entity known as the Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories, which is a unit in the Defense Ministry of Israel. Among its functions are coordination with the Palestinian Authority. After 2002, the distinction set forth in the Oslo Accords restricting Israeli military operations in area A was de facto terminated.
Citation of United Kingdom legislation
Citation of United Kingdom legislation includes the systems used for legislation passed by devolved parliaments and assemblies, for secondary legislation, and for prerogative instruments.  It is relatively complex both due to the different sources of legislation in the United Kingdom, and because of the different histories of the constituent countries of the United Kingdom.

Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities
The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is a style guide that provides the modern method of legal citation in the United Kingdom; the style itself is also referred to as OSCOLA.  First developed by Peter Birks of the University of Oxford Faculty of Law, and now in its 4th edition (2012, Hart Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84946-367-6), it has been adopted by most law schools and many legal publishers in the United Kingdom.  An online supplement (developed for the third edition) is available for the citation of international legal cases, not covered in the main guide.
Cape Breton Nova
Cape Breton Nova is a former provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, which existed between 1956 and 2013.  It elected one member to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. In its last configuration, the district included the northern parts of Sydney including Whitney Pier, as well as a small area of Cape Breton County, all within the Cape Breton Regional Municipality.

The district was created in 1956. In 1993, it gained the Ashby area between Welton Street and Ashby Road from Cape Breton South and the Grand Lake Road area from Cape Breton West. It lost the Scotchtown and River Ryan/Lingan areas to Cape Breton Centre. In 2003, it lost the New Victoria area and gained part of northern Sydney. In 2013, Cape Breton Nova was absorbed by Cape Breton Centre, Sydney River-Mira-Louisbourg, and Sydney-Whitney Pier.

Sydney-Membertou
Sydney-Membertou is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. It was created in 2012 as Sydney-Whtiney Pier from 79% of Cape Breton Nova and 59% of Cape Breton South. Following the 2019 redistribution, the riding lost Whitney Pier to Cape Breton Centre-Whitney Pier, while gaining some territory from Sydney River-Mira-Louisbourg, and was renamed Sydney-Membertou.

The district contains the communities of Sydney, Grand Lake Road, Mira Road, Sydney River, Prime Brook, and the Membertou 28B Indian reserve.

The riding is represented by Derek Mombourquette of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party. He won the seat in a byelection on July 14, 2015, following the resignation of MLA Gordie Gosse.
Abenaki
The Abenaki (Abenaki: Wôbanaki) are an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands of Canada and the United States. They are an Algonquian-speaking people and part of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The Eastern Abenaki language was predominantly spoken in Maine, while the Western Abenaki language was spoken in Quebec, Vermont, and New Hampshire.

While Abenaki peoples share cultural traits, they historically did not have a centralized government. They came together as a post-contact community after their original tribes were decimated by colonization, disease, and warfare.

Pierreville, Quebec
Pierreville (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁvil] ⓘ) is a municipality in Nicolet-Yamaska Regional County Municipality, Quebec, located at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Saint-François rivers, at the edge of Lac Saint-Pierre. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,176.

Pierreville faces the town of Saint-François-du-Lac across the Saint-François river, and lies at the junction of Route 132 and Route 226. Part of the Abenaki Indian reserve of Odanak is an enclave within the city limits of Pierreville. The limits of the reserve begin only a short walk away from the town's main street.
Sverdrup (crater)
Sverdrup is a lunar impact crater that is located about one crater diameter from the southern pole of the Moon. It lies on the far side of the Moon with respect to the Earth, in an area of the surface that is only illuminated by very oblique light from the Sun. The interior part of the crater is cloaked in perpetual darkness, and thus has not been mapped using photography. Portions of the rim are illuminated, however, and give the appearance of a worn formation that has been intruded upon by adjacent formations.

The nearest craters of note to Sverdrup are de Gerlache to the east, and Shackleton at the south pole.

Shackleton (crater)
Shackleton is an impact crater that lies at the lunar south pole. The peaks along the crater's rim are exposed to almost continual sunlight, while the interior is perpetually in shadow. The low-temperature interior of this crater functions as a cold trap that may capture and freeze volatiles shed during comet impacts on the Moon. Measurements by the Lunar Prospector spacecraft showed higher than normal amounts of hydrogen within the crater, which may indicate the presence of water ice. The crater is named after Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton.