hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Third engineer
A third engineer or second assistant engineer is a rank of engine officer who is part of the engine department on a ship.

The third engineer is usually in charge of boilers, auxiliary engines, condensate and feed systems, record keeping of chemicals onboard, lube oil tests, and is the third most senior engine officer on board.

The exact duties of this position will often depend upon the type of ship and arrangement of the engine department. On ships with steam propulsion plants the Second or Third is in charge of the boilers, combustion control, soot blowers, condensate and feed equipment, feed pumps, fuel, and condensers. On diesel and gas turbine propulsion plants the Third is in charge of auxiliary boilers, auxiliary engines.

Engine department
An engine department or engineering department is an organizational unit aboard a ship that is responsible for the operation, maintenance, and repair of the propulsion systems and the support systems for crew, passengers, and cargo. These include the ship engine, fuel oil, lubrication, water distillation, separation process, lighting, air conditioning, and refrigeration.
The Case of the Stuttering Pig
The Case of the Stuttering Pig is a 1937 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes animated cartoon directed by Frank Tashlin. The short was released on October 30, 1937, and stars Porky Pig and Petunia Pig.

The title is a parody of The Case of the Stuttering Bishop, a Perry Mason mystery that Warner Bros. Pictures. had filmed earlier that year. This is the only cartoon where Petunia appears as Porky's sister instead of his girlfriend.

In the film, Porky, Petunia, and their siblings are the intended heirs of their recently deceased uncle. The family's lawyer uses a Dr. Jekyll-style potion to transform himself into a monster. He proceeds to capture most of the heirs, but he is trapped before managing to capture Porky.

The Case of the Stuttering Bishop
The Case of the Stuttering Bishop is a 1937 American mystery film directed by William Clemens and starring Donald Woods as Perry Mason and Ann Dvorak as Della Street, his secretary. Edward McWade plays the role of stuttering Bishop William Mallory. It is the sixth and final film in the Warner Bros. Pictures Perry Mason series. It is based on the novel The Case of the Stuttering Bishop (1936) by Erle Stanley Gardner.
Blond capuchin
The blond capuchin (Sapajus flavius) is a species of capuchin monkey endemic to northeastern Brazil. This endangered species was rediscovered in 2006. It can live in exceptionally large groups of over 150 individuals, and like other capuchin species, exhibits a complex and high level of sociality. It is threatened by loss of habitat due to agriculture, primarily sugarcane fields. In many cases this has caused sugarcane to make up a large portion of their diet, which would otherwise consist of mostly fruit and small animals. The blond capuchin is known to inhabit both the Atlantic forest and Caatinga biomes, although the habitation of the Caatinga may be a recent choice caused by human encroachment into its former habitats. Like other primate species, the blond capuchin is also threatened by poaching and capture for the illegal pet trade.

Capuchin monkey
The capuchin monkeys (/ˈkæp(j)ʊtʃɪn, -ʃɪn/) are New World monkeys of the subfamily Cebinae. They are readily identified as the "organ grinder" monkey, and have been used in many movies and television shows. The range of capuchin monkeys includes some tropical forests in Central America and South America as far south as northern Argentina. In Central America, where they are called white-faced monkeys ("carablanca"), they usually occupy the wet lowland forests on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica and Panama and deciduous dry forest on the Pacific coast.

Capuchins have the largest brain-to-body ratio of any nonhuman primate, as well as complex brain wiring. Their neural complexity is likely related to their sociality and foraging skills. Capuchins have evolved skills to access food that other monkeys cannot — and to mentally map food sources in their territories.
Danish Institute at Athens
The Danish Institute at Athens (Danish: Det Danske Institut I Athen; Greek: Ινστιτούτο της Δανίας στην Αθήνα) is one of the 19 foreign archaeological institutes operating in Athens, Greece.

Founded in 1992, the Danish Institute focuses on archaeological research in Greece, but also operates as a cultural institute, with a programme of exhibitions and concerts. It is a contributor (with its Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish counterparts) to the Nordic Library at Athens. It is involved in archaeological fieldwork at Calydon and Kato Vassiliki (Aetolia), as well as Zea Harbour (Piraeus, Athens).

Nordic Library at Athens
The Nordic Library at Athens (Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη των Βορείων Χωρών στην Αθήνα) is one of several international archaeological libraries in Athens, Greece. It is located in the Makrigianni area of Athens.

It was established in 1995, as a cooperative venture run by the Danish Institute at Athens, the Finnish Institute at Athens, the Norwegian Institute at Athens and the Swedish Institute at Athens. It currently holds about 40,000 volumes.
Oculomotor nerve palsy
Oculomotor nerve palsy or oculomotor neuropathy is an eye condition resulting from damage to the third cranial nerve or a branch thereof. As the name suggests, the oculomotor nerve supplies the majority of the muscles controlling eye movements (four of the six extraocular muscles, excluding only the lateral rectus and superior oblique). Damage to this nerve will result in an inability to move the eye normally. The nerve also supplies the upper eyelid muscle (levator palpebrae superioris) and is accompanied by parasympathetic fibers innervating the muscles responsible for pupil constriction (sphincter pupillae). The limitations of eye movement resulting from the condition are generally so severe that patients are often unable to maintain normal eye alignment when gazing straight ahead, leading to strabismus and, as a consequence, double vision (diplopia).

Oculomotor nerve
The oculomotor nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, cranial nerve III, or simply CN III,  is a cranial nerve that enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and innervates extraocular muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid.  The nerve also contains fibers that innervate the intrinsic eye muscles that enable pupillary constriction and accommodation (ability to focus on near objects as in reading). The oculomotor nerve is derived from the basal plate of the embryonic midbrain. Cranial nerves IV and VI also participate in control of eye movement.
Spectrum of a ring
In commutative algebra, the prime spectrum (or simply the spectrum) of a commutative ring  is the set of all prime ideals of , and is usually denoted by ; in algebraic geometry it is simultaneously a topological space equipped with a sheaf of rings.

Commutative algebra
Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideals, and modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory build on commutative algebra. Prominent examples of commutative rings include polynomial rings; rings of algebraic integers, including the ordinary integers ; and p-adic integers.

Commutative algebra is the main technical tool of algebraic geometry, and many results and concepts of commutative algebra are strongly related with geometrical concepts.

The study of rings that are not necessarily commutative is known as noncommutative algebra; it includes ring theory, representation theory, and the theory of Banach algebras.
2016 Garanti Koza Sofia Open
The 2016 Sofia Open (also known as 2016 Garanti Koza Sofia Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the inaugural edition of the Sofia Open as part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2016 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Arena Armeec in Sofia, Bulgaria, from 1 February until 7 February 2016. First-seeded Roberto Bautista Agut won the singles title.

2016 ATP World Tour
The 2016 ATP World Tour was the global elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2016 tennis season. The 2016 ATP World Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000s, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2016 calendar were the tennis events at the 2016 Summer Olympics and Hopman Cup, neither of which distributed ranking points.
Systolosoma
Systolosoma is a genus of beetles and one of two extant genera in the family Trachypachidae, containing two species, Systolosoma breve and Systolosoma lateritium, which are endemic to Chile and Argentina

Systolosoma breve
Systolosoma breve, the short neaustral false ground beetle, is a species of beetle in the genus Systolosoma. They have been found in Argentina and Chile, where they inhabit lowlands to midlands in Valdivian rainforests with Nothofagus dombeyi and Araucaria araucana, as well as Coigue Maniu Forest and Nire/Steppe.

They can be found on sandy alluvium and open sandy areas, as well as amongst forest leaf and wood litter. Adults have been observed taking cover in leaf litter.
Steep Falls, Maine
Steep Falls is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Standish in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,139 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town is part of Maine School Administrative District #6, which includes Bonny Eagle Middle and High Schools.

Cumberland County, Maine
Cumberland County is a county in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, the population was 303,069, making it the most populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Portland. Cumberland County was founded in 1760 from a portion of York County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, and named for William, Duke of Cumberland, a son of King George II. Cumberland County has the deepest and second-largest body of water in the state, Sebago Lake, which supplies tap water to most of the county. The county is the state's economic and industrial center, having the resources of the Port of Portland, the Maine Mall, and having corporate headquarters of major companies such as onsemi, IDEXX Laboratories, Unum, and TD Bank. Cumberland County is part of the Portland–South Portland, ME Metropolitan Statistical Area.
North Dakota Highway 4
North Dakota Highway 4 (ND 4) is a 10.283-mile-long (16.549 km) north–south state highway in northern North Dakota, connecting U.S. Route 281 (US 281) and ND 5 near Rocklake to Manitoba Highway 5 at the Canada–US border at the Hansboro–Cartwright Border Crossing.

North Dakota Highway 5
North Dakota Highway 5 (ND 5) is a 335.813-mile-long (540.439 km) east–west state highway in North Dakota. Its route is in the extreme north part of the state, near the Canada–United States border. The eastern terminus is located about four miles (6 km) east of Joliette at the Red River where the highway continues east as Minnesota State Highway 175. The western terminus is at North Dakota's western border about 12 miles (19 km) west of Fortuna where the highway continues west and turns into Montana Highway 5. The highway is mostly a two-lane road.
Revelation 5
Revelation 5 is the fifth chapter of the Book of Revelation or the Apocalypse of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is traditionally attributed to John the Apostle, but the precise identity of the author remains a point of academic debate. This chapter contains the inaugural vision of the lamb on the throne in heaven.

Isaiah 11
Isaiah 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophesies attributed to the prophet Isaiah. Isaiah 11 is a part of the Prophecies about Judah and Israel (Isaiah 1–12). The Jerusalem Bible refers to Isaiah 6-12 as Isaiah's Book of Immanuel.

The Old Testament scholar Brevard Childs divides this chapter into two main parts, verses 1–9 and verses 11–16, with verse 10 acting as a connecting statement between them. The New International Version entitles the chapter "The Branch from Jesse".
Suzumi-bune
Suzumi-bune (Japanese: すヾみ舟, lit. "Feeling Cool in a Boat") is a Japanese adult animated silent short film independently produced in 1932. It is known as "Japan's first hentai anime".

The film is black-and-white and circulated under several alternative titles, including Sumida-gawa (隅田川, Sumida River), Kanda-gawa (神田川, Kanda River), Kawabiraki (川開き, Festival marking the start of boating season), Hanabi (花火, Fireworks), Yūsuzumi (夕涼み, Cool off in the evening), and Manga (マンガ).

Although it was long regarded as lost media, the original 35 mm film element is held by the National Film Archive of Japan (NFAJ). In Japan, the copyright protection period is described as having expired and the work is considered public domain domestically.

Hentai
Hentai (ヘンタイ, deviation/abnormality; 変態) is a style of Japanese pornographic anime and manga. In addition to anime and manga, hentai works exist in a variety of media, including artwork and video games (commonly known as eroge).

The development of hentai has been influenced by Japanese cultural and historical attitudes toward sexuality. Hentai works, which are often self-published, form a significant portion of the market for doujin works, including doujinshi. Numerous subgenres exist depicting a variety of sexual acts and relationships, as well as novel fetishes.
Vernagtferner
The Vernagtferner is a glacier located in the Ötztal Alps in Tyrol, Austria, which covers an area of 7.31 km², making it one of the largest glaciers in the Eastern Alps. The glacier is situated on the southern side of the Weißkamm. The Hochvernagtspitze and the Brochkogel are the highest mountains within its catchment region. While some maps divide Vernagtferner into Kleiner Vernagtferner and Großer Vernagtferner, with the eastern portion of the Brochkogel area referred to as Kleiner Vernagtferner, these sub-areas do not meet scientific criteria for separate designation.

The Vernagtferner glacier in the Eastern Alps is probably the best-documented glacier in history. This is primarily due to the glacial lake eruptions it has caused, which were greatly feared in the Ötztal region from the 16th to the 19th century. However, the Vernagtferner has moved far away from the Rofental and is significantly impacted by the glacier's retreat.

Sebastian Finsterwalder
Sebastian Finsterwalder (4 October 1862 – 4 December 1951) was a German mathematician and glaciologist. Acknowledged as the "father of glacier photogrammetry"; he pioneered the use of repeat photography as a temporal surveying instrument in measurement of the geology and structure of the Alps and their glacier flows. The measurement techniques he developed and the data he produced are still in use to discover evidence for climate change.
Colonnade
In classical architecture, a colonnade is a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade which can be straight or curved. The space enclosed may be covered or open. In St. Peter's Square in Rome, Bernini's great colonnade encloses a vast open elliptical space.

When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico. When enclosing an open court, a peristyle. A portico may be more than one rank of columns deep, as at the Pantheon in Rome or the stoae of Ancient Greece.

When the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow, a colonnade may be termed "araeosystyle" (Gr. αραιος, "widely spaced", and συστυλος, "with columns set close together"), as in the case of the western porch of St Paul's Cathedral and the east front of the Louvre.

Intercolumniation
In architecture, intercolumniation is the proportional spacing between columns in a colonnade, often expressed as a multiple of the column diameter as measured at the bottom of the shaft.  In Classical, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture, intercolumniation was determined by a system described by the first-century BC Roman architect Vitruvius (Vitruvius, De architectura, iii.3.3-10).

Vitruvius named five systems of intercolumniation (Pycnostyle, Systyle, Eustyle, Diastyle, and Araeostyle), and warned that when columns are placed three column-diameters or more apart, stone architraves break.

According to Vitruvius, the Hellenistic architect Hermogenes (ca. 200 BC) formulated these proportions ("symmetriae") and perfected the Eustyle arrangement, which has an enlarged bay in the center of the façade.
Microscopic polyangiitis
Microscopic polyangiitis is an autoimmune disease characterized by a systemic, pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of granulomatous inflammation.

Vasculitis
Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation. Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis (inflammation of lymphatic vessels) is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. Vasculitis is primarily caused by leukocyte migration and resultant damage. Although both occur in vasculitides, inflammation of veins (phlebitis) or arteries (arteritis) on their own are separate entities.
Nigeria–South Korea relations
Nigeria and South Korea have had formal diplomatic ties since February 1980. Bilateral trade volume reached US$1.27 billion in 2020. By that year, Nigeria was South Korea's third-largest trading partner in Africa. South Korean firms are working to build liquefied natural gas facilities in Nigeria, as well as infrastructure to transport and store crude oil.

In 2006, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun visited Nigeria's capital Abuja. Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan visited South Korea to attend the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit.

In May 2010, the Korean Cultural Center, Nigeria was established in Abuja. It is a branch of the Korean Cultural Centers that are operated by the Korean Culture and Information Service. The center hosts various cultural exchange programs, including taekwondo lessons, vocal training, and Korean language classes and competitions.

Korean Cultural Center, Nigeria
The Korean Cultural Center, Nigeria (KCCN; Korean: 한국문화원 나이지리아) is a branch of the Korean Cultural Centers located in Abuja, Nigeria. It was established in May 2010. As with the other Korean Cultural Centers, it is operated by the Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS), which is operated by the South Korean government.

The center hosts various cultural events for the general public. For example, in September 2023 for the Chuseok holiday, the center hosted taekwondo (Korean martial art) classes. It also hosts Korean language and speaking classes and contests. The center runs an annual music and art mentorship program, where South Korean talent provide mentorship to Nigerian talent. It also hosts K-pop dance classes.
Shrine
A shrine (Latin: scrinium "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: escrin "box or case") is a sacred space dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon, or similar figure of respect, wherein they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated. A shrine at which votive offerings are made is called an altar.

Shrines are found in many of the world's religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Shinto, indigenous Philippine folk religions, and Germanic paganism as well as in secular and non-religious settings such as a war memorial. Shrines can be found in various settings, such as churches, temples, cemeteries, or as household shrines. Portable shrines are also found in some cultures.

Miniature shrine
A miniature shrine, also referred to in literature as a portable shrine, pocket shrine, or a travel altar, is a small, generally moveable shrine or altar. They vary greatly in size and architectural style, and by which region or culture produced them.
Hero of the Soviet Union
The title Hero of the Soviet Union (Russian: Герой Советского Союза, IPA: [ɡʲɪˈroj sɐˈvʲetskəvə sɐˈjuzə]) was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded together with the Order of Lenin personally or collectively for heroic feats in service to the Soviet state and society. The title was awarded both to civilian and military persons.

Alexander Matrosov
Alexander Matveyevich Matrosov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Матве́евич Матро́сов February 5, 1924 – February 27, 1943) was a Soviet infantry soldier during the Second World War, posthumously awarded the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union reportedly for blocking a German machine-gun with his body.

His official Soviet biography states he was  born in Yekaterinoslav (now Dnipro). However an evidence emerged that both his name and place of birth were invented by him while he was a street child. There are several versions about his origins.
KRSNA (rapper)
Krishna Kaul, known mononymously as Krishna, stylised now as KR$NA, (previously as Krsna; known formerly as YoungProzpekt) is an Indian rapper. He was one of the earliest rappers to emerge in the Indian hip hop scene in the mid-2000s under the stage name Prozpekt. He is widely acknowledged within the Desi hip-hop community for pioneering a lyrical revolution in the genre, infusing a new wave of poetic depth and lyrical complexity into hip-hop's narrative. He was also briefly featured in the 2019 Bollywood film Gully Boy as himself.

Seedhe Maut
Seedhe Maut is a hip hop duo from Delhi, India (originally from Uttarakhand, India), consisting of Siddhant Sharma (stage name Calm) from Nainital and Abhijay Negi (stage name Encore ABJ) from Pauri Garhwal. Formed in 2015, their name comes from a slang that the former's brother used perpetually among his friends to signify "giving their full potential to something".

In 2017, they signed to the independent music label Azadi Records. After releasing their final project Lunch Break with Azadi Records in 2023, they departed from the label and found their own independent label, DL91, in 2024.
Xiahou Ba
Xiahou Ba (died c. 255–259), courtesy name Zhongquan, was a Chinese military general of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the second son of Xiahou Yuan, a prominent general who served under Cao Cao, the warlord who laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei. Around 249, Xiahou Ba defected to Wei's rival state, Shu Han, after the regent Sima Yi seized power in a coup d'état. He died sometime between 255 and 259.

Guo Huai
Guo Huai (died 23 February 255), courtesy name Boji, was a Chinese military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He started his career towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty under the warlord Cao Cao as a subordinate of Cao Cao's generals Xiahou Yuan and Zhang He. During the Three Kingdoms period, he served in Wei, the state established by Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, and lived through the reigns of four Wei emperors (Cao Pi, Cao Rui, Cao Fang and Cao Mao). From the 220s until his death in 255, he governed and defended Wei's western borders in Yong and Liang provinces (covering parts of present-day Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia). During this time, he resisted multiple invasions by Wei's rival state, Shu Han, and quelled some rebellions by local Qiang, Di and other non-Han Chinese tribes.