hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Happy Valley AA
Happy Valley Athletic Association (Chinese: 愉園體育會), known simply as Happy Valley or HVAA, is a Hong Kong sports club which no longer competes in the Hong Kong football league system. They are historically one of the most successful football clubs in Hong Kong, having won the First Division six times and had consistently been in the top division, until they were relegated to the Second Division after the 2009–10 season.

The football section is part of a sports association which also operates swimming, basketball, first aid, table tennis, athletics and various other recreation activities under its umbrella.

Hong Kong First Division League
The Hong Kong First Division League (Chinese: 香港甲組聯賽) is the second-highest division in the Hong Kong football league system. Established in 1908, it is the third oldest in Asia, after Calcutta and Bombay. Moreover, it is the oldest top-flight league system in Asia. The league was formerly the highest division in Hong Kong until the formation of the Hong Kong Premier League in 2014.

Since 1908, a total of 29 clubs have been crowned champions of the Hong Kong football system. South China are the most successful club, having won 41 times since their first participation in 1941.
Monrovia station
Monrovia station is an at-grade light rail station on the A Line of the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. It is located at the intersection of Duarte Road and Myrtle Avenue in Monrovia, California, after which the station is named. This station opened on March 5, 2016, as part of Phase 2A of the Gold Line Foothill Extension Project.

Monrovia, California
Monrovia is a city in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, California, United States. Monrovia is the fourth-oldest general-law city in Los Angeles County and the L.A. Basin (after Los Angeles, Santa Monica, and Pasadena, all now charter cities). Incorporated in 1887, it has grown from a sparse community of orange ranches to a residential community of over 37,000. The population was 37,931 at the 2020 census.
Jeremiah D. Crowley
Jeremiah D. Crowley was an American socialist activist from New York. In May 1928, Crowley was nominated for Vice-President on the Socialist Labor Party of America ticket alongside Verne L. Reynolds.

At the May 1928 convention, the SLP nominated Frank T. Johns for President and Verne L. Reynolds as his running mate in the 1928 presidential election. However, Johns died while attempting to save a drowning boy at a campaign event in Oregon two weeks later. As a result, the SLP's National Executive Committee named Reynolds as the party's nominee for President and Crowley as his running-mate. The pair were on the ballot in 19 states and received 21,590 votes. The ticket finished in 5th place nationally, just ahead of the Prohibition Party.

Frank T. Johns
Frank Tetes Johns (February 23, 1889 – May 20, 1928) was an American socialist activist and politician. A carpenter by trade, he is best remembered for having been twice nominated for President of the United States by the Socialist Labor Party of America.
2019 Kabaddi World Cup (World Kabaddi)
The 2019 Kabaddi World Cup was the inaugural  National (Asian) style tournament held by World Kabaddi. It was originally scheduled to be contested from 2 to 15 April 2019 in Melaka, Malaysia. However, the tournament was postponed and held from July 20–28 with fewer teams participating.

Competition was held for both the men and women's categories. Powerhouse India became double champions, grabbing both the titles at stake.

The COVID-19 pandemic began after this 2019 event, and World Kabaddi did not hold any additional "World Cup" events until the March 2025 event in West Midlands, England.

Kabaddi World Cup (World Kabaddi)
The Kabaddi World Cup, is an indoor international kabaddi tournament conducted by the World Kabaddi. It follows the standard style (indoors on a rectangular court) and is contested by both men's and women's national teams. The format involves a round-robin tournament followed by a knockout stage.

The World Cup has been held once (in 2019) with another scheduled for 2025. Unlike its IKF counterpart, all World Cups of World Kabaddi were held outside India to globalise the event. In 2019, both the men's and women's competitions were won by the Indian teams.
Paul G. Kirk
Paul Grattan Kirk Jr. (born January 18, 1938) is an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts from 2009 to 2010, having been appointed to fill the vacancy created by the death of Ted Kennedy. From 1985 to 1989, he chaired the Democratic National Committee (DNC).

He served as co-chairman of the Commission on Presidential Debates, the chairman of the board of directors of the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation, and a member of the board of directors of the Edward M. Kennedy Institute for the United States Senate.

Saint Sebastian's School
Saint Sebastian's School is an independent, all-boys Catholic secondary day school located in Needham, Massachusetts. The school enrolls around 380 boys in grades 7–12.

St. Sebastian's is the only Catholic school in the Independent School League. Its athletic teams have produced a number of professional athletes. The ice hockey team has produced 6 NHL first-round draft picks and 31 draft picks in total.
Eucorysses
Eucorysses is a genus of Asian jewel or shield-backed bugs in the tribe Scutellerini, erected by Amyot & Audinet-Serville in 1843. Records of occurrence are from India through southern China to Japan, Indochina and western Malesia.

Scutelleridae
Scutelleridae is a family of true bugs. They are commonly known as jewel (stink) bugs or metallic shield bugs due to their often brilliant coloration. With the name based on the Asian genus Scutellera, they are also known as shield-backed bugs due to the enlargement of the thoracic scutellum into a continuous shield over the abdomen and wings. This latter characteristic distinguishes them from most other families within Heteroptera, and may lead to misidentification as a beetle rather than a bug. These insects use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant juices from a variety of different species, including some commercial crops. Closely related to stink bugs, they may also produce an offensive odour when disturbed. There are around 450 species worldwide.
Lasse Mårtenson
Lars Anders Fredrik "Lasse" Mårtenson (24 September 1934 – 14 May 2016) was a Finnish singer, composer, actor, and theater conductor.

Mårtenson was born in Helsinki.  He performed at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1964 with the song "Laiskotellen" ("Idling"). He placed 7th with 9 points. He is best known in his home country as the composer of "Maija from the Storm Skerries", a lyrical tune arranged primarily for piano. His hits include the Finnish version of the song "Jackson" in duet with Carola Standertskjöld, which was included in the list of the songs played in the 2003 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships during the breaks.

In 2011 he published his memoirs, Vågspel, in the Swedish language, and they were translated into Finnish in 2013.

Lasse Mårtenson was married to Swedish singer Siw Malmkvist. He died in 2016, aged 81.

Siw Malmkvist
Siw Gunnel Margareta Malmkvist (born 31 December 1936) is a Swedish schlager singer and actress popular in Scandinavia and West Germany (today's Germany). She represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1960 and West Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1969.

She had a number one hit in West Germany in 1964 with "Liebeskummer lohnt sich nicht" ("Lovesickness Is Not Worthwhile"), and on 18 July 1964 she became the first Swede to have a hit on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, when "Sole Sole Sole", a duet with Italian singer Umberto Marcato, entered the chart, peaking at No. 58. Malmkwist is notable for having recorded in more than 10 languages, including Swedish, English, Finnish, Norwegian, Danish, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and particularly German.
Kuse, Okayama
Kuse (久世町, Kuse-chō) was a town located in Maniwa District, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,424 and a density of 152.08 persons per km2. The total area was 75.12 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Kuse, along with the town of Hokubō (from Jōbō District), and towns of Katsuyama, Ochiai and Yubara, and the villages of Chūka, Kawakami, Mikamo and Yatsuka (all from Maniwa District) were merged to create the city of Maniwa.

Maniwa
Maniwa (真庭市, Maniwa-shi) is a city located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2023, the city had an estimated population of 42,477 in 17568 households and a population density of 51 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 828.53 square kilometres (319.90 sq mi).
American Border Peak
American Border Peak is a mountain just south of the Canada–United States border, in the North Cascades of Washington state, with a corresponding sister peak, Canadian Border Peak, just north along a col connecting to it across the border. It is located within the Mount Baker Wilderness, part of the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, near North Cascades National Park. It is notable for its large, steep local relief; however its somewhat rotten rock makes it less appealing to climbers than nearby Slesse Mountain.

Mount Baker Wilderness
Mount Baker Wilderness is a 119,989-acre (48,558 ha) wilderness area within the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in the western Cascade Range of northern Washington state. Its eastern border is shared with the boundary of the Stephen Mather Wilderness and North Cascades National Park for a distance of 40 miles (65 kilometers). The wilderness extends from State Route 20 north to the Canada–US border. On the west, it is bounded by the foothills of the Puget Sound lowlands.

Almost entirely within Whatcom County, the wilderness lies on the western slopes of the Cascade Mountains. The three forks of the Nooksack River and the Baker River are the major drainages of the wilderness.
Organotitanium chemistry
Organotitanium chemistry is the science of organotitanium compounds describing their physical properties, synthesis, and reactions. Organotitanium compounds in organometallic chemistry contain carbon-titanium chemical bonds. They are reagents in organic chemistry and are involved in major industrial processes.

Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(III) chloride
Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(III) chloride, also known as the Nugent–RajanBabu reagent, is the organotitanium compound which exists as a dimer with the formula [(C5H5)2TiCl]2.  It is an air sensitive green solid.  The complex finds some use in synthetic organic chemistry as a single electron reductant.

In the presence of a suitable solvent that can serve as a two-electron donor ("solv"), such as an ether like tetrahydrofuran, the dimer separates and forms a chemical equilibrium between the forms [(C5H5)2TiCl]2 and [(C5H5)2Ti(solv)Cl].  It is these forms that are responsible for much of the chemical properties of this reagent, which is also the reason that the substance is sometimes written as [(C5H5)2TiCl] or [Cp2TiCl], where Cp− represents the cyclopentadienyl anion.
Gader Valley
Gader Valley (Slovak: Gaderská dolina) is a long valley in the Greater Fatra Range  in Central Slovakia. It is accessible from the village of Blatnica. The valley is the gateway to the peaks of Tlstá and Ostrá. Its upper part, from the merger with the Selenec Valley, is named Dedošová. In Gader Valley, there are almost all of the protected species of animals and plants that occur throughout the Great Fatra: 3,000 species of invertebrates, 110 species of birds, and 60 mammalian species. The Tlstá mountain complex was declared a National Nature Reserve in 1972.

About 2 km from the village of Blatnica are the ruins of Blatnica Castle, which dates back to the 13th century. It is located on the low limestone ridge of Plešovice (658 m above sea level), which separates the Gaderská valley from the Turčianska basin. There is a popular hiking trail from Blatnica Castle that leads through the valley.

Veľká Fatra
Veľká Fatra (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈʋeʎkaː ˈfatra]; also Great Fatra or Greater Fatra; Hungarian: Nagy-Fátra) is a mountain range in the Western Carpathians in Slovakia. The Veľká Fatra lie to the southeast of the better known Malá (Lesser) Fatra mountains and are less developed, as well as being lower.
Timeline of North American telegraphy
The timeline of North American telegraphy is a chronology of notable events in the history of the electric telegraphy in the United States and Canada, including the rapid spread of telegraphic communications starting from 1844 and completion of the first transcontinental telegraph line in 1861.

Pony express (newspapers)
In newspapers, a pony express were express delivery systems that newspapers used in the 19th century to obtain news faster or publish it prior to rival publications. As with the celebrated Pony Express of 1860–61, these systems were eventually supplanted by telegraph lines.
Baturyn
Baturyn (Ukrainian: Батурин, pronounced [bɐˈturɪn] ⓘ) is a historic city in Chernihiv Oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. It is located in Nizhyn Raion (district) on the banks of the Seym River. It hosts the administration of Baturyn urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,406 (2022 estimate).

Baturyn is twinned with Cobham, a Kent parish in the south east of the United Kingdom. The twinning agreement was signed in a virtual ceremony on 11 March 2025.

Kirill Razumovsky
Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky or Razumovski (also known as Cyril Razumovski; Russian: Кирилл Григорьевич Разумовский; Ukrainian: Кирило Григорович Розумовський, romanized: Kyrylo Hryhorovych Rozumovskyi; 29 March [O.S. 18 March] 1728 – 21 January [O.S. 9 January] 1803) was a Russian statesman of Ukrainian Cossack origin who served as the last hetman of the Zaporozhian Host on both sides of the Dnieper (from 1750 to 1764) and then as a General field marshal in the Imperial Russian Army. Razumovsky was also the president of the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences from 1746 to 1798.
Princess Maria Fortunata d'Este
Maria Fortunata d'Este (24 November 1731 – 21 September 1803) was a Modenese princess by birth and a princess du sang by marriage. By her marriage to Louis François Joseph de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, her first cousin, she became the Countess of La Marche and later the Princess of Conti; and was a member of the French court of Kings Louis XV and Louis XVI. She was the last Princess of Conti, and died without issue.

Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans
Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans (13 March 1753 - 23 June 1821), was the daughter of Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre and Princess Maria Teresa d'Este. At the death of her brother, Louis Alexandre, Prince of Lamballe, she became the wealthiest heiress in France prior to the French Revolution. She married Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, the "regicide" Philippe Égalité, and was the mother of France's last king, Louis Philippe I. She was sister-in-law to Marie Thérèse Louise, Princess of Lamballe, and was the last member of the Bourbon-Penthièvre family.
Russian cruiser Kerch
Kerch (Керчь) was a Kara-class missile cruiser of the Soviet and later Russian Navy. She served as part of the Black Sea Fleet. The ship was scrapped in 2020 following a large fire which broke out on 4 November 2014.

Kara-class cruiser
The Kara class, Soviet designation Project 1134B Berkut B ("golden eagle"), was a class of guided missile cruisers ("large anti-submarine warfare ship" in Soviet classification) built for the Soviet Navy between 1968 and 1976. NATO classified the type as cruisers mainly due to their size and the presence of the 'Metel' (SS-N-14 Silex) anti-ship missile system, capable of striking both submarines and surface vessels.
CM-32 armoured vehicle
The CM-32 "Clouded Leopard" (Chinese: 雲豹裝甲車; pinyin: yúnbào zhuāngjiǎchē; lit. 'Cloud Leopard Armoured Vehicle'), officially Taiwan Infantry Fighting Vehicle (TIFV), is an eight-wheeled armoured vehicle currently being produced for the Republic of China Army. It is based on the 6x6 CM-31 designed by Timoney Technology Limited of Ireland and is further developed by the Ordnance Readiness Development Center.

According to the Taipei Times, it was named after the Formosan clouded leopard, an indigenous animal, to show that the vehicle is "agile and swift".

Mk44 Bushmaster II
The Mk44 Bushmaster II is a 30 mm chain gun manufactured by Northrop Grumman.  It is a derivative of the 25 mm M242 Bushmaster, and uses 70% of the same parts as the M242 while increasing the firepower by as much as 50% with the 20% increase in caliber size. The barrel is chromium-plated for extended life. The gun uses standard GAU-8 Avenger ammunition that is available in API (Armor-Piercing Incendiary), HEI (High-Explosive Incendiary) and APFSDS-T (Armor-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot-Tracer) variants.

The gun can be converted to a caliber of 40×180 mm, which involves changing the barrel and a few key parts, to use the SuperShot 40 cartridge. It can also be converted to use the 30×170 mm RARDEN cartridge.
GR 5
The GR 5 is a GR footpath that starts in the Netherlands, crosses Belgium and Luxembourg before crossing France from north to south. It is part of the European walking route E2. This trail is famous for its route through the French Alps from Lake Geneva to Nice called Grande Traversée des Alpes.

Grande Traversée des Alpes
The Grande Traversée des Alpes (GTA) is a long-distance hiking trail in the French Alps, connecting Thonon-les-Bains on Lake Geneva with Nice. It constitutes the southernmost part of the Sentier de Grande Randonnée GR5.

The GTA was created in the beginning of the 1970s. It was soon imitated in Italy, where another GTA, the Grande Traversata delle Alpi was created. The Via Alpina uses some legs of both the French and the Italian GTA.

The Grande Traversée des Alpes (GTA) is also the name of the association which manages the GTA trail as well as the French part of the Via Alpina and other projects in sustainable, interregional mountain tourism in the French Alps, located in Grenoble.
Fort Boyard (fortification)
Fort Boyard (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ bwajaʁ] ⓘ) is a fort built on Boyard bank, an ocean bank located between the Île-d'Aix and the Île d'Oléron in the Pertuis d'Antioche straits on the west coast of France. Though a fort on Boyard bank was suggested as early as the 17th century, it was not until the 1800s under Napoleon Bonaparte that work began. Building started in 1801 and was completed in 1857. In 1967, the final scene of the French film Les aventuriers was filmed at the remains of the fort. Since 1990, it is the filming location for the eponymous TV game show.

Oléron
The Isle of Oléron or Oléron Island (French: île d'Oléron, [il dɔleʁɔ̃]; Saintongese: ilâte d'Olerun; Latin: Uliaros insula, [uliˈaːros ˈinsula]) is an island off the Atlantic coast of France (due west of Rochefort), on the southern side of the Pertuis d'Antioche strait.

It is the second largest island of metropolitan France, after Corsica, with a length of 30 km (19 mi) and a width of 8 km (5 mi). It has an area of 174 km2 (67 sq. mi.) and more than 21,000 permanent inhabitants.
2025 Monte-Carlo Masters
The 2025 Monte-Carlo Masters (also known as the Rolex Monte-Carlo Masters for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament for male professionals played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 118th edition of the annual Monte Carlo Masters tournament, sponsored by Rolex for the 16th time. It was held at the Monte Carlo Country Club in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France (though billed as Monte Carlo, Monaco). The event was an ATP Masters 1000 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour.

2025 ATP Tour
The 2025 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2025 tennis season. The 2025 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP 500, the ATP 250, and the United Cup (organized with the WTA). Also included in the 2025 calendar are the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Hopman Cup and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.
Baltic offensive
The Baltic offensive, also known as the Baltic strategic offensive, was the military campaign between the northern Fronts of the Red Army and the German Army Group North in the Baltic States during the autumn of 1944. The result of the series of battles was the isolation and encirclement of the Army Group North in the Courland Pocket and Soviet re-occupation of the Baltic States. In Soviet propaganda, this offensive was listed as one of Stalin's ten blows.

51st Army (Russia)
The 51st Army (Russian: 51-я армия) was a field army of the Red Army that saw action against the Germans in World War II on both the southern and northern sectors of the front. The army participated in the Battle of the Kerch Peninsula between December 1941 and January 1942; it was destroyed in May 1942 with other Soviet forces when the Wehrmacht launched an operation to dislodge them from the peninsula. The army fought in the Battle of Stalingrad during the winter of 1942–43, helping to defeat German relief attempts. From late 1944 to the end of the war, the army fought in the final cutting-off of German forces in the Courland area next to the Baltic. Deactivated in 1945, the army was activated again in 1977 to secure Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the army continued in existence as a component of the Russian Ground Forces.  The army was active during two periods from 1941 until 1997.
Caia District
Caia District is a district of Sofala Province in Mozambique. The principal town is 
Caia. The district is located in the north of the province, and borders with Chemba District in the north, Marromeu District in the southeast, Cheringoma District in the south, and with Maringué District in the west. In the east, the district is bounded by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 3,542 square kilometres (1,368 sq mi). It has a population of 115,455 as of 2007.

Marromeu District
Marromeu District is a district of Sofala Province in Mozambique. The principal town is 
Marromeu. The district is located in the northeast of the province, and borders with Chinde and Mopeia Districts of Zambezia Province in the north, Cheringoma District in the south and in the west, and with Caia District in the northwest. In the southeast, the district is limited by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 5,871 square kilometres (2,267 sq mi). It has a population of 119,718 as of 2007.
Advanced Systems Format
Advanced Systems Format (formerly Advanced Streaming Format, Active Streaming Format) is Microsoft's proprietary digital audio/digital video container format, especially meant for streaming media. ASF is part of the Media Foundation framework.

Container format
A container format (informally, sometimes called a wrapper) or metafile is a file format that allows multiple data streams to be embedded into a single file, usually along with metadata for identifying and further detailing those streams.  Notable examples of container formats include archive files (such as the ZIP format) and formats used for multimedia playback (such as Matroska, MP4, and AVI). Among the earliest cross-platform container formats were Distinguished Encoding Rules and the 1985 Interchange File Format.