hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Northbrook Lodge
Northbrook Lodge on Osgood Pond is a historic camp located within the Adirondack Forest Preserve in Paul Smiths in Franklin County, New York.  The camp complex was built by noted great camp builder Benjamin A. Muncil for Canadian Senator Wilfrid Laurier McDougald Construction took circa 1925.  Contributing resources in the camp complex include a small stone electrical building; covered canoe slips; pumphouse; stone bridge; guideboat house; tennis cottage and court; dining room; kitchen; breezeway; library; shuffleboard court; Marcy cabin; boathouse; Gabriels cabin; Main cabin; Whiteface cabin; and Fairfield / staff house.  The buildings exhibit American Craftsman style architectural influences.  Northbrook Lodge was operate as a summer resort until 2009 and is now privately owned.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Paul Smiths, New York
Paul Smiths is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Brighton in Franklin County, New York, United States. It is located on Lower Saint Regis Lake in the Adirondacks, 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Saranac Lake, located at 44°26' North 74°15' West. The population of the CDP was 671 at the 2010 census.
Marian civil war
The Marian civil war in Scotland (1568–1573) was a period of conflict which followed the abdication of Mary, Queen of Scots, and her escape from Lochleven Castle in May 1568. Those who ruled in the name of her infant son James VI fought against the supporters of the Queen, who was exiled in England. Edinburgh Castle, which was garrisoned in her name, became the focus of the conflict and surrendered only after an English intervention in May 1573. The conflict in 1570 was called an "internecine war in the bowels of this commonwealth", and the period was called soon after an "internecine war driven by questions against authority."

James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray
James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray (c. 1531 – 23 January 1570) was a member of the House of Stewart as the illegitimate son of James V of Scotland. At times a supporter of his half-sister Mary, Queen of Scots, he was the regent of Scotland for his half-nephew, the infant James VI, from 1567 until his assassination in 1570. He was the first head of government to be assassinated with a firearm.
Laurier (federal electoral district)
Laurier, a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1988.

It was set up in 1933 from parts of Laurier—Outremont and Saint-Denis ridings. It was abolished in 1987 when it was redistributed into Laurier—Sainte-Marie, Outremont, Rosemont and Saint-Henri—Westmount ridings.

The riding was re-created in 2003, and renamed Laurier—Sainte-Marie in 2004.

Laurier—Outremont
Laurier—Outremont was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1935.

This riding was created in 1914 from parts of Jacques Cartier, St. Antoine and St. Lawrence ridings.

It initially consisted of Laurier and Outremont wards, Côte-des-Neiges ward, the town of Mount Royal, Mount Royal ward and Mount Royal Park of the city of Montreal.

In 1924, it was redefined to consist of the city of Outremont, and the part of the city of Montreal bounded by a line starting from the north-eastern boundary of the city of Outremont, following Mount Royal Avenue, Henri Julien Avenue, Mozart Street, Drolet Street, the extension of Isabeau Street. St. Lawrence Boulevard, Baby Street, the Canadian Pacific Railway track, Atlantic Avenue, to the northern limit of the city of Outremont, and along that boundary to Mount Royal Avenue.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was divided into Laurier and Outremont ridings.
Purmerend railway station
Purmerend is the railway station in the centre of Purmerend, Netherlands. The station opened on 20 May 1884 as part of the Zaandam–Hoorn railway, extended to Enkhuizen in 1885. The original station building was demolished in 1957. The station building, built in 1958, was used until February 1, 2008, when it had a small role as counter only open on weekdays from seven to eleven o'clock in the morning. Nowadays a Chinese restaurant is housed in the building.

Purmerend
Purmerend (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌpʏrməˈrɛnt] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the west of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The city is surrounded by polders, such as the Purmer, Beemster and the Wormer. Purmerend's population grew relatively slowly until the 1960s, when it increased from around 10,000 to over 80,000 by 2020. This expansion has turned Purmerend into a commuter town; many inhabitants (14,200 in 2011) work, go to school or spend leisure time in Amsterdam. Purmerend is part of the Randstad, one of the largest conurbations in Europe.

The municipality of Beemster merged into the municipality of Purmerend on 1 January 2022. The extended municipality has a population of about 96,000.
Luisa de Tenza, Lady of Espinardo
Luisa de Tenza, Lady of Espinardo (in full, Spanish: Doña Luisa de Tenza y Cascales Pacheco, señora de las villas de Espinardo, Ontur y del mayorazgo de Celdrán), was a Spanish noblewoman.

Luisa de Tenza was the daughter of Alonso de Tenza and his wife, Doña Aldonza de Cascales y Soto, a distant relative of Hernando de Soto. She was the Lady of Espinardo, Ontur, Albatana, and Mojón Blanco.

She married at Murcia to Admiral Don Luis Fajardo. They were the parents of Don Juan Fajardo de Tenza, 1st Marquess of Espinardo, and Don Alonso Fajardo de Entenza, Spanish Governor-General and Captain-General of the Islands of the Philippines, from 3 July 1618 to July 1624.

Alonso Fajardo de Tenza
Don Alonso Fajardo de Tenza y de Guevara, Córdoba y Velasco, Knight of Alcantara, Lord of Espinardo (died July 1624, in the Philippines) was Spanish Governor-General and Captain-General of the Islands of the Philippines from 3 July 1618 until his death.
Toowong State School
Toowong State School is a heritage-listed state school at 50 Quinn Street (37 St Osyth Street), Toowong, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Robert and John Ferguson and Queensland Department of Public Works and built in 1880 by NB Headland. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 November 2014.

As of 2019, the school enrolled about 270 students, enrolled based on geographical area. It also enrolls deaf and hard of hearing children, their siblings, and children of deaf adults (CODAs) who do not live outside of the geographic area as part of the co-enrollment program located there.

Toowong
Toowong (/təˈwɒŋ/ tə-WONG) is a riverside suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Toowong had a population of 12,556 people with a median weekly household income of $1,927.
Landscapes of Dauria
The Landscapes of Dauria is a World Heritage Site shared between Russia and Mongolia, part of the "Daurian forest steppe" ecoregion (the latter also stretches into the northeastern China). It is part of the Dauria International Protected Area and includes the Torey Lakes.

Daurian forest steppe
The Daurian forest steppe ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0804) is a band of grassland, shrub terrain, and mixed forests in northeast Mongolia and the region of Siberia, Russia that follows the course of the Onon River and Ulz River, and part of the northwestern China. The region has been described as a "sea of grass that forms the best and most intact example of an undisturbed steppe ecosystem and is also one of the last areas in the Palearctic that still supports stable herds of larger vertebrates" in a semi-mountainous area. The area also has flat wetlands that are important to migratory birds. The ecoregion is in the Palearctic realm, with a dry-winter subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc) that borders on a very cold semi-arid climate (BSk) in its southwestern parts. It covers 209,012 km2 (80,700 sq mi).
Karin dialect
The Karin dialect (Armenian: Կարնոյ բարբառ, Karno barbař) is a Western Armenian dialect originally spoken in and around the city of Erzurum (called Karin by Armenians), now located in eastern Turkey.

Before World War I, the Karin dialect was spoken by the local Armenian populations in much of the Erzurum Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire and Kars Oblast of the Russian Empire. After the Armenian genocide of 1915, most of Erzurum's Armenian population took refuge to the Russian-controlled parts of Armenia. The city of Kars and its Russian oblast became part of the First Republic of Armenia in 1918, but was occupied by Kemalist Turkey as a result of the Turkish–Armenian War in fall 1920.

Today, it is one of the most widely spoken Western Armenian dialects, most of which became virtually extinct after the genocide. Nowadays, it is spoken in the northwest of Armenia (in and around the city of Gyumri) and by the Armenian minority in Georgia's Samtskhe-Javakheti province.

Shirak Province
Shirak (Armenian: Շիրակ, Armenian pronunciation: [ʃiˈɾɑk] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. It is located in the north-west of the country, bordering the provinces of Lori to the east and Aragatsotn to the south and southeast, and the countries of Turkey to the west and Georgia to the north. Its capital and largest city is Gyumri, which is the second largest city in Armenia. It is as much semi-desert as it is mountain meadow or high alpine. In the south, the high steppes merge into mountain terrain, being verdant green in the spring, with hues of reddish brown in the summer. The province is served by the Shirak International Airport of Gyumri.
Battle of Mulleriyawa
The Battle of Mulleriyawa (Sinhala: මුල්ලේරියාව සටන) in 1559 was part of the Sinhalese–Portuguese War. It was one of the most decisive battles in Sri Lankan history and considered as the worst defeat of the Portuguese during that period. According to local chronicles, the marshlands of Mulleriyawa turned red with blood after the annihilation of the Portuguese. With this victory, Sitawaka emerged as a military power which was able to challenge the Portuguese expansion.

Mayadunne of Sitawaka
Mayadunne (Sinhala: මායාදුන්නේ) was the founder and ruler of Sitawaka from 1521 to 1581. A fierce opponent of the Portuguese, he devoted his life to oust his father and brother Bhuvanekabahu VII, the king of Kotte in order to preserve the independence of the island, being undermined by Portuguese intrigue. He constantly invaded the territory of Bhuvanekabahu of Kotte.
Permeation
In physics and engineering, permeation (also called imbuing) is the penetration of a permeate (a fluid such as a liquid, gas, or vapor) through a solid. It is directly related to the concentration gradient of the permeate, a material's intrinsic permeability, and the materials' mass diffusivity. Permeation is modeled by equations such as Fick's laws of diffusion, and can be measured using tools such as a minipermeameter.

Hermetic seal
A hermetic seal is any type of sealing that makes a given object airtight (preventing the passage of air, oxygen, or other gases). The term originally applied to airtight glass containers, but as technology advanced, it applied to a larger category of materials, including metals, and rubber. Hermetic seals are essential to the correct and safe functionality of many electronic and healthcare products.

Used technically, the term is stated in conjunction with a specific test method and conditions of use. Colloquially, the exact requirements of such a seal varies with the application.
USA-275
USA-275, or Wideband Global SATCOM 9 (WGS-9) is a United States military communications satellite operated by the United States Air Force as part of the Wideband Global SATCOM programme. Launched in 2017, it was the ninth WGS satellite to reach orbit. It is stationed at a longitude of 135° West, in geostationary orbit. WGS-9 was procured by the United States Air Force.

Wideband Global SATCOM
The Wideband Global SATCOM system (WGS) is a high capacity United States Space Force satellite communications system planned for use in partnership by the United States Department of Defense (DoD), Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) and the Australian Department of Defence. The system is composed of the Space Segment satellites, the Terminal Segment users and the Control Segment operators.

DoD wideband satellite communication services are currently provided by a combination of the existing Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) and Global Broadcast Service (GBS) satellites. According to United Launch Alliance, quoted on Spaceflight Now, "A single WGS spacecraft has as much bandwidth as the entire existing DSCS constellation." WGS operations are currently run by the 4th Space Operations Squadron, out of Schriever Space Force Base, as well as the 53rd Space Operations Squadron.
Osorkon III
Usermaatre Setepenamun Osorkon III Si-Ese was Pharaoh of Egypt in the 8th Century BC. He is the same person as the Crown Prince and High Priest of Amun Osorkon B, son of Takelot II by his Great Royal Wife Karomama II. Prince Osorkon B is best attested by his Chronicle—which consists of a series of texts documenting his activities at Thebes—on the Bubastite Portal at Karnak.  He later reigned as king Osorkon III in Upper Egypt for twenty-eight years after defeating the rival forces of Pedubast I/Shoshenq VI who had apparently resisted the authority of his father here. Osorkon ruled the last five years of his reign in coregency with his son, Takelot III, according to Karnak Nile Level Text No. 13. Osorkon III's formal titulary was long and elaborate: Usermaatre Setepenamun, Osorkon Si-Ese Meryamun, Netjer-Heqa-waset.

High Priest of Amun
The High Priest of Amun or First Prophet of Amun (ḥm nṯr tpj n jmn) was the highest-ranking priest in the priesthood of the ancient Egyptian god Amun. The first high priests of Amun appear in the New Kingdom of Egypt, at the beginning of the Eighteenth Dynasty.
Flag of Ethiopia
The flag of Ethiopia (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሰንደቅ ዐላማ) consists of a green, yellow, and red tricolour with the national emblem, a golden pentagram on a blue disc, superimposed at the centre. While the colours green, yellow, and red in combination held symbolic importance since at least the early 17th century, the modern tricolour was first adopted on 11 October 1897 by Menelik II, and the present flag on 31 October 1996.

Pentagram
A pentagram (sometimes known as a pentalpha, pentangle, or star pentagon) is a regular five-pointed star polygon, formed from the diagonal line segments of a convex (or simple, or non-self-intersecting) regular pentagon. Drawing a circle around the five points creates a similar symbol referred to as the pentacle, which is used widely by Wiccans and in paganism, or as a sign of life and connections.

The word pentagram comes from the Greek word πεντάγραμμον (pentagrammon), from πέντε (pente), "five" + γραμμή (grammē), "line".
The word pentagram refers to just the star and the word pentacle refers to the star within a circle, although there is some overlap in usage. The word pentalpha is a 17th-century revival of a post-classical Greek name of the shape.
Mount Chyon
Mount Chyon (Russian: Гора Чён, romanized: Gora Chyon), also known as "Gora Chen", is a mountain in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. At 2,690 m (8,830 ft) it is the highest summit in the Silyap Range, part of the central Chersky Range, East Siberian System.

An ultra-prominent peak, it rises in a desolate area about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of the Indigirka.

The nearest airport is Ust-Nera Airport.

Chersky Range
The Chersky Range (Russian: Хребет Черского, Yakut: Черскэй хайалара, romanized: Çerskey xayalara) is a chain of mountains in northeastern Siberia between the Yana and Indigirka Rivers. Administratively, the area of the range belongs to the Sakha Republic, although a small section in the east is within Magadan Oblast. The highest peak in the range is the 3,003-metre-tall (9,852 ft) Peak Pobeda, part of the Ulakhan-Chistay Range. The range also includes important places of traditional Yakut culture, such as Ynnakh Mountain (Mat'-Gora) and kigilyakh rock formations.

The Moma Natural Park is a  protected area  located in the southern zone of the range.
Bin Laden family
The bin Laden family (Arabic: عائلة بن لادن, romanized: ʿāʾila bin Lādin), also spelled bin Ladin, is a wealthy Saudi Arabian family intimately connected with the innermost circles of the Saudi royal family. It is the namesake and controlling shareholder of the Saudi Binladin Group, a multinational construction firm. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, the family became the subject of media attention and scrutiny due to the activities of Osama bin Laden, the former head of al-Qaeda; they had publicly disowned him in 1994.

Bakr bin Laden
Bakr bin Mohammed bin 'Awad bin Laden (Arabic: بكر بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن; born 1946) is the former chairman of the Jeddah-based Saudi Binladin Group and the former largest shareholder in the group, with a 23.58% holding. He is the son of the family's patriarch, Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, and a half-brother of Osama bin Laden.
Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi
Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi S.p.A. formerly Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi was  an Italian savings bank based in Jesi, in the Province of Ancona, the Marche region. The bank had a successor [the] Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi which still acted as a local charity organisation.

Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi also issued Miniassegno in the past.

Cassa di Risparmio di Verona, Vicenza, Belluno e Ancona
Cassa di Risparmio di Verona, Vicenza, Belluno e Ancona, also known by the shorthand Cariverona, was an Italian savings bank headquartered in Verona. It was formed in 1825 from a division of the Monte di Pietà di Verona, itself founded in 1490.

In 1991, due to Legge Amato, the bank was split into two organizations: a commercial bank still named Cassa di Risparmio di Verona, Vicenza, Belluno e Ancona S.p.A., trading as Cariverona Banca; and the non-profit Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Verona, Vicenza, Belluno e Ancona. In 1994, Cariverona merged with the smaller Cassa di Risparmio della Marca Trivigiana to form Unicredito, which in turn merged in 1998 with Credito Italiano to form UniCredit.
Natantia
Natantia (Boas, 1880) is an obsolete taxon of decapod crustaceans, comprising those families that move predominantly by swimming – the shrimp (comprising Caridea and Procarididea), prawns (Dendrobranchiata) and boxer shrimp. The remaining Decapoda were placed in the Reptantia, and consisted of crabs, lobsters and other large animals that move chiefly by walking along the bottom. The division between Natantia and Reptantia was replaced in 1963, when Martin Burkenroad erected the suborder Pleocyemata for those animals that brood their eggs on the pleopods, leaving Dendrobranchiata for the prawns. Under this system, Natantia is a paraphyletic group. Burkenroad's primary division of Decapoda into Dendrobranchiata and Pleocyemata has since been corroborated by molecular analyses.

The name Natantia Owen, 1851 was utilized in a phylogenetic context by Madzia and Cau (2017) as the most exclusive mosasaurid clade including Mosasaurus and Tylosaurus but not Halisaurus.

Pleocyemata
Pleocyemata is a suborder of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963. Burkenroad's classification replaced the earlier sub-orders of Natantia and Reptantia with the monophyletic groups Dendrobranchiata (prawns) and Pleocyemata. Pleocyemata contains all the members of the Reptantia (including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and others), as well as the Stenopodidea (which contains the so-called "boxer shrimp" or "barber-pole shrimp"), and Caridea, which contains the true shrimp.
Arcangelo Corelli
Arcangelo Corelli (/kəˈrɛli/, also UK: /kɒˈ-/, US: /kɔːˈ-, koʊˈ-/; Italian: [arˈkandʒelo koˈrɛlli]; 17 February 1653 – 8 January 1713) was an Italian composer, musician,  and violinist of the middle Baroque era. His music was key in the development of the modern genres of sonata and concerto, in establishing the preeminence of the violin, and as the first coalescing of modern tonality and functional harmony.

Concerto grosso
The concerto grosso (pronounced [konˈtʃɛrto ˈɡrɔsso]; Italian for big concert(o), plural concerti grossi [konˈtʃɛrti ˈɡrɔssi]) is a form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno, tutti or concerto grosso). This is in contrast to the solo concerto which features a single solo instrument with the melody line, accompanied by the orchestra.
Vincent, Alabama
Vincent, originally known as Propel, is a city in Shelby, St. Clair, and Talladega counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. At the 2020 census, the population was 1,982. The community was first known as Propel, but later named Vincent in honor of the Vincent family, who were early settlers of the area. It was incorporated in 1897.

Shelby County, Alabama
Shelby County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 223,024, making it the sixth-most populous county in Alabama. The county seat is Columbiana. Its largest city is Alabaster. The county is named in honor of Isaac Shelby, Governor of Kentucky from 1792 to 1796 and again from 1812 to 1816. Shelby County is included in the Birmingham, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Sychyovsky Uyezd
Sychyovsky Uyezd (Сычёвский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Sychyovka.

Smolensk Governorate
Smolensk Governorate (Russian: Смоленская губерния, romanized: Smolenskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR. It existed, with interruptions, between 1708 and 1929.

Smolensk Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on December 29 [O.S. December 18], 1708, by an edict from Tsar Peter the Great. As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Smolensk Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities, and section of lands adjacent to those cities.
Common roach
The roach, or rutilus roach (Rutilus rutilus), also known as the common roach, is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the family Cyprinidae, native to most of Europe and western Asia. Fish called roach can be any species of the genera Rutilus, Leucos and Hesperoleucus, depending on locality. The plural of the term is also roach.

Rutilus
Rutilus, commonly known as roaches, is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This genus is a widely distributed lineage of leuciscids and ranges from West Europe to East Siberia.
Handle leak
A handle leak is a type of software bug that occurs when a computer program asks for a handle to a resource but does not free the handle when it is no longer used.  If this occurs frequently or repeatedly over an extended period of time, a large number of handles may be marked in-use and thus unavailable, causing performance problems or a crash.

The term is derived from memory leak. Handle leaks, like memory leaks, are specific instances of resource leaks.

Memory leak
In computer science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations in a way that memory which is no longer needed is not released. A memory leak may also happen when an object is stored in memory but cannot be accessed by the running code (i.e. unreachable memory). A memory leak has symptoms similar to a number of other problems and generally can only be diagnosed by a programmer with access to the program's source code.

A related concept is the "space leak", which is when a program consumes excessive memory but does eventually release it.

Because they can exhaust available system memory as an application runs, memory leaks are often the cause of or a contributing factor to software aging.