hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Risk neutral preferences
In economics and finance, risk neutral preferences are preferences that are neither risk averse nor risk seeking. A risk neutral party's decisions are not affected by the degree of uncertainty in a set of outcomes, so a risk neutral party is indifferent between choices with equal expected payoffs even if one choice is riskier.

Risk-seeking
In economics, finance, and psychology, '''risk-seeking''' (also called '''risk-loving''' or '''risk preference''') refers to a behavioral tendency to prefer uncertain options with potentially higher rewards over safer alternatives with lower expected value. In other words, risk-seeking individuals derive greater satisfaction or perceived utility from taking chances, even when the probable outcome may be less favorable. This is a big issue seen in stock trading, for example, in where people take the risk to either hold or sell their stocks depending on past market trends.

Within behavioral economics, risk-seeking is often compared with risk aversion and analyzed using expected utility theory and prospect theory. According to these models, individuals’ risk preferences vary depending on how potential outcomes are framed as gains or losses, as well as the psychological weighting of probabilities.
Wong Sing-chi
Nelson Wong Sing-chi (born 11 October 1957) is a Hong Kong politician and social worker. He had been member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong between 2000–04 and 2008–12. He was the founding member of the Democratic Party before he was expelled in 2015 for his support in the government's constitutional reform proposals. He was also briefly a founding member of the Third Side, a centrist political party.

He is also former member of the North District Council and Regional Council.

Third Side
Third Side (Chinese: 新思維; lit. 'new thinking') is a political party in Hong Kong which claims to offer a "third road" to democracy, positioned between the pro-democracy camp and the pro-Beijing camp. It is led by Tik Chi-yuen, who was a co-founder and longtime member of the Democratic Party until his expulsion in 2015 for promoting political reforms proposed by the Chinese central government.
Faisal bin Salman Al Saud
Faisal bin Salman Al Saud (Arabic: فيصل بن سلمان آل سعود Fayṣal bin Salmān Āl Suʿūd; born 25 December 1970) is a member of the House of Saud, a grandson of King Abdulaziz and son of King Salman, and was governor of Madinah province in Saudi Arabia from 14 January 2013 to 12 December 2023. Following his tenure as governor, he was appointed as a special advisor to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman, holding ministerial rank. He was also appointed chairman of the Board of Directors of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (KAFRA), based on a recommendation by Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman, who is his younger half-brother. Additionally, Prince Faisal has been appointed as chairman of the Board of Trustees of the King Fahad National Library by the Crown Prince.

King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives
The King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (KAFRA) (Arabic: دارة الملك عبد العزيز), commonly known as the Darah, is a cultural institution in the Al Murabba neighborhood of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It stands between the Murabba Palace compound and the National Museum and includes the King Abdulaziz Memorial Hall and the King Abdulaziz Private Library. The foundation was established in September 1972 through a royal decree by King Faisal, was later incorporated into the King Abdulaziz Historical Center in 1999.

Its primary role is the collections management and preservation of documents and archives pertaining to King Abdulaziz, the first monarch of Saudi Arabia, his successors and the national history in general.

The chairman of the foundation is Faisal bin Salman Al Saud who was appointed to the post on 12 December 2023.
Philip Magnus
Sir Philip Magnus, 1st Baronet (7 October 1842 – 29 August 1933) was an English educational reformer, rabbi, and politician, who represented the London University constituency as a Unionist Member of Parliament from 1906 till 1922. He had previously been appointed director of the City and Guilds of London Institute, from where he helped oversee the creation of a modern system of technical education in the United Kingdom.

City and Guilds Foundation
The City and Guilds Foundation is an educational organisation in the United Kingdom. Founded on 11 November 1878 by the City of London and 16 livery companies to develop a national system of technical education, the institute has been operating under royal charter, granted by Queen Victoria, since 1900. The Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, was appointed the first president of the institute.

It is also a registered charity and was the awarding body for City & Guilds and ILM qualifications, offering many accredited qualifications mapped onto the Regulated Qualifications Framework until October 2025 when City and Guilds Ltd was formed as a commercial organisation. The institute's president is the Princess Royal who accepted this role in June 2011 (following her father the Duke of Edinburgh, who held the position for nearly 60 years), and the Chair of Council is Dame Ann Limb, who took office in 2021.
Hyperbolic group
In group theory, more precisely in geometric group theory, a hyperbolic group, also known as a word hyperbolic group or Gromov hyperbolic group, is a finitely generated group equipped with a word metric satisfying certain properties abstracted from classical hyperbolic geometry. The notion of a hyperbolic group was introduced and developed by Mikhail Gromov (1987). The inspiration came from various existing mathematical theories: hyperbolic geometry but also low-dimensional topology (in particular the results of Max Dehn concerning the fundamental group of a hyperbolic Riemann surface, and more complex phenomena in three-dimensional topology), and combinatorial group theory. In a very influential (over 1000 citations ) chapter from 1987, Gromov proposed a wide-ranging research program. Ideas and foundational material in the theory of hyperbolic groups also stem from the work of George Mostow, William Thurston, James W. Cannon, Eliyahu Rips, and many others.

Automatic group
In mathematics, an automatic group is a finitely generated group equipped with several finite-state automata. These automata represent the Cayley graph of the group.  That is, they can tell whether a given word representation of a group element is in a "canonical form" and can tell whether two elements given in canonical words differ by a generator.

More precisely, let G be a group and A be a finite set of generators.  Then an automatic structure of G with respect to A is a set of finite-state automata:

the word-acceptor, which accepts for every element of G at least one word in  representing it;

multipliers, one for each , which accept a pair (w1, w2), for words wi accepted by the word-acceptor, precisely when  in G.

The property of being automatic does not depend on the set of generators.
To Lose My Life...
To Lose My Life... (also known by extended title of To Lose My Life or Lose My Love, or shortened as To Lose My Life) is the debut album by the British indie rock band White Lies. It was released on 19 January 2009 by Fiction Records. The album was produced by Ed Buller and Max Dingel, and was recorded at ICP Studios in Belgium and Kore Studios in London.

The album produced four singles: "Unfinished Business", "Death" and "To Lose My Life", prior to its release, and "Farewell to the Fairground" in the months following. "Death" was reissued in June 2009, with "From the Stars" appearing as iTunes's "Single of the Week" during December 2008. The album was released in the United States on 17 March 2009.

Farewell to the Fairground
"Farewell to the Fairground" is a song by London-based indie rock band White Lies. It was released on 23 March 2009 by Fiction Records. It was their third single from debut album To Lose My Life..., and fourth single overall. The band recorded a video for the track with director Andreas Nilsson, filmed in Nikel, Russia.

The song reached number one in Poland and also charted in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
Culpho
Culpho (pronounced Cul-fo) is a village and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, about 4 miles (6.4 km) northeast of the centre of Ipswich and 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) west of Woodbridge. In 2021 the parish had a population of 48.

Other neighbouring villages include Great Bealings, Westerfield, and Playford. From 1974 to 2019 it was in Suffolk Coastal district.

Westerfield
Westerfield is a village and civil parish in the East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It lies about two miles north of the centre of Ipswich and is served by Westerfield railway station on the Ipswich–Lowestoft East Suffolk Line.
World Rowing
World Rowing, also known as the World Rowing Federation (officially FISA; French: Fédération internationale des sociétés d'aviron), is the international governing body for rowing. Its current president is Jean-Christophe Rolland who succeeded Denis Oswald at a ceremony held in Lucerne in July 2014.

The World Rowing Cup, World Rowing Championships, and other such competitions are overseen by this organization.

Jean-Christophe Rolland
Jean-Christophe Rolland (born 3 July 1968, in Condrieu) is a French competition rower and Olympic champion. Rolland won a gold medal in coxless pair at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

He succeeded Denis Oswald as President of FISA, the International Rowing Federation, in a ceremony held at Lucerne, Switzerland, in July 2014.  He was elected as a member of the International Olympic Committee in 2017.
Ayako Tsuru
Ayako Tsuru (born 1941) is a contemporary Japanese artist from Mexico City.
She studied at the National Institute of Fine Arts (San Carlos Academy) from 1959 to 1963, before moving on to the International Summer Academy of Fine Arts of Salzburg, Austria in 1968, and the Kyoto National Museum of Modern Art in Kyoto from 1970 to 1971.

National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto
The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto (京都国立近代美術館, Kyōto Kokuritsu Kindai Bijutsukan) is an art museum in Kyoto, Japan.

This Kyoto museum is also known by the English acronym MoMAK (Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto).
Iskitim constituency
The Iskitim constituency (No.137) is a Russian legislative constituency in Novosibirsk Oblast. The constituency covers southern Novosibirsk, its suburbs Berdsk and Iskitim as well as rural southern Novosibirsk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by A Just Russia deputy Aleksandr Aksyonenko, former professional ice hockey player and nephew of former Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Nikolay Aksyonenko, who won the open seat, left vacant by the resignation of five-term United Russia deputy Aleksandr Karelin.

Zavodskoy constituency
The Zavodskoy constituency (No.125) was a Russian legislative constituency in Novosibirsk Oblast in 1993–2007. It covered southern Novosibirsk and, alongside Zayeltsovsky constituency, was one of the constituencies, that covered urban Novosibirsk. The seat was last occupied by A Just Russia-Rodina faction member Svyatoslav Nastashevsky, a journalist and TV host, who defeated first-term incumbent State Duma member Galina Strelchenko in the 2003 election.

The constituency was dissolved in 2007 when State Duma adopted full proportional representation for the next two electoral cycles. Zavodskoy constituency was not re-established for the 2016 election, currently its territory was split between all four Novosibirsk Oblast constituencies: Novosibirsk, Central, Iskitim and Barabinsk constituencies.
Philip Ludwell Jr.
Philip Ludwell Jr. (c.1672 – c.1727) was a Virginia planter and politician who served several terms in the Virginia House of Burgesses, and became an important figure in the colony's new capital at Williamsburg as well as with the newly established College of William & Mary. As had his father Philip Ludwell, and as would son Philip Ludwell III, this man served on the Virginia Governor's Council and operated plantations using enslaved labor.

Philip Ludwell
Philip Cottington Ludwell (c. 1638 – c. 1723) was an English-born planter and politician in colonial Virginia who sat on the Virginia Governor's Council, the first of three generations of men with the same name to do so, and briefly served as speaker of the House of Burgesses. In addition to operating plantations in Virginia using enslaved labor, Ludwell also served as a governor of the Province of Carolina.
Mrinal Dutt
Mrinal Dutt is an Indian actor who primarily works in  Hindi films and Hindi television along with web shows. He made his acting debut with Roomies in 2009 and had his breakthrough with Private Investigator. He made his film debut with Tuneega Tuneega in 2012. Dutt hosted Yeh Hai Aashiqui in 2016.

Dutt made his web debut in 2018 with 13 Mussoorie and has been part of many web shows including Hello Mini, His Storyy and Khwabon Ke Parindey. Dutt has also appeared in short films, 55 km/sec and The Lonely Prince.

Yeh Hai Aashiqui
Yeh Hai Aashiqui (transl. This is love) is an Indian Hindi-language television romance anthology series that premiered on 25 August 2013 on Bindass. It presents dramatisations of the real life love stories created by Vikas Gupta.  The show went off air on 7 August 2016 with 4 seasons and 153 episodes.

The title track of the series is written by Abhiruchi Chand and composed by Abhishek Arora. The fourth season's title track is sung by Mohit Chauhan and Neeti Mohan.
Micco, Florida
Micco is a census-designated place (CDP) in Brevard County, Florida. The population was 9,574 at the 2020 United States census, up from 9,052 at the 2010 United States census. It is part of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Brevard County, Florida
Brevard County (/brəˈvɑːrd/ brə-VARD) is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. It is on the Atlantic coast of eastern Central Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 606,612, making it the 10th-most populated county in Florida. The official county seat is located in Titusville. A secondary center of county administration, including a circuit courthouse, was built in 1989 in the planned community of Viera, Florida, the geographic center of the county.
Phoenix Police Museum
The Phoenix Police Museum is located on 2nd Avenue and Jefferson Street, on the 1st floor of the Historic Phoenix City Hall. The museum highlights the history of the Phoenix Police Department from 1881, when Henry Garfias, was elected the first city marshal to the present. The museum also has an exhibit which explains the connection between the Phoenix Police and the "Miranda Rights". There are various educational exhibits in the museum some of which the community can participate and have an interactive experience.

Henry Garfias
Henry Garfias (born Enrique Garfias; 1851–1896) was the first city marshal of Phoenix, Arizona. He was also a gunfighter who became the  elected official of Mexican descent holding the highest office the Phoenix region in the 19th century.
Marske-by-the-Sea
Marske-by-the-Sea is a village in the civil parish of Saltburn, Marske and New Marske, North Yorkshire, England, between the seaside resorts of Redcar and Saltburn-by-the-Sea.

Marske comprises the wards of Longbeck (shared with New Marske) and St Germains.

New Marske
New Marske is a village in North Yorkshire, England, a mile south-west of Marske-by-the-Sea on a hillside. It was originally a group of miners' terraced houses.

Longbeck railway station links it to Saltburn, Middlesbrough and Darlington. New Marske is near an area of woodland called Errington Woods, in which are the remains of disused mine workings.

The original mining settlement is commemorated with a series of plaques placed at various locations, depicting events and scenes of life in the 19th century.

New Marske is the birthplace of Johanna Jackson, the first British woman to win a major race walk title at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.
Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Action
The Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Action is a genre-specific award given at the Crunchyroll Anime Awards since its inaugural edition in 2017. It is given for the best action anime series from the previous year. Winners are determined through a combined voting process by judges and public voting.

Mob Psycho 100 by Bones first won the award in 2017. In the latest edition in 2025, Solo Leveling by A-1 Pictures won the award.

Crunchyroll Anime Awards
The Crunchyroll Anime Awards, also known simply  as The Anime Awards, are awards given annually by the anime streaming service Crunchyroll to recognize the best anime of the previous year. Announced in December 2016, the awards were first presented in January 2017. Crunchyroll describes it as a "global event that recognizes the anime shows, characters, and artists that fans around the world love most."

The Anime Awards were originally held in California in the United States. In 2023, the Awards moved to the Grand Prince Hotel New Takanawa in Tokyo, Japan for the 7th ceremony and have been held there ever since. The most recent ceremony was the 9th ceremony, held on May 25, 2025, where Solo Leveling won the Anime of the Year award. The 10th ceremony is scheduled to take place on May 23, 2026.
Crangon crangon
Crangon crangon is a species of caridean shrimp found across the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Its range  extends from the White Sea in the north of Russia to the coast of Morocco, including the Baltic Sea, and appears also throughout the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Commercially important, it is fished mainly in the southern North Sea.   Common names include brown shrimp, common shrimp, bay shrimp, and sand shrimp, while translation of its French name crevette grise (or its Dutch equivalent grijze garnaal) sometimes leads to the English version grey shrimp. Krangṓn (κραγγών) is an Ancient Greek word for shrimp.

Caridea
The Caridea, commonly known as caridean shrimp or true shrimp (from Ancient Greek καρίς, καρίδος (karís, karídos, "shrimp"), are an infraorder of shrimp within the order Decapoda. This infraorder contains all species of true shrimp. They are found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Many other animals with similar names – such as the mud shrimp of Axiidea and the boxer shrimp of Stenopodidea – are not true shrimp, but many have evolved features similar to true shrimp.
Katalla, Alaska
Katalla (pronounced KA-tell-ah, sometimes spelled Catalla) is a ghost town in the Chugach Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska, 76 km (47 mi) southeast of Cordova.  The name of this town was sometimes spelled Catalla. It is now abandoned.

Cordova, Alaska
Cordova (/kɔːrˈdoʊvə, ˈkɔːrdəvə/ kor-DOH-və, KOR-də-və) is a port city in Chugach Census Area, Alaska, United States. It lies near the mouth of the Copper River, at the head of Orca Inlet on the east side of Prince William Sound. The population was 2,609 at the 2020 census, up from 2,239 in 2010.

No roads connect Cordova to any other Alaskan communities (besides Eyak), so a plane or ferry is required to travel there.
Point Piper
Point Piper  is a small, harbourside eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of the Sydney CBD, in the local government area known as the Municipality of Woollahra.

Wolseley Road
Wolseley Road is a road in the Sydney suburb of Point Piper. It is one kilometre long. It starts at New South Head Road and curves around the west side of Point Piper, terminating in a dead end above Lady Martins Beach.
Desideria Giménez Moner
Desideria Giménez Moner (Bagüés, 4 August 1919-Jaca, 7 August 1936), known under the alias La Cazoleta, was a Spanish republican activist murdered in the early months of the Spanish Civil War. She became a symbol of Jaca after leading a May Day march. The towns of Bagüés, Jaca and Zaragoza have streets named in her honour.

Jaca
Jaca (Spanish pronunciation: ['xaka]; in Aragonese: Chaca or Xaca) is a city of northeastern Spain in the province of Huesca, located near the Pyrenees and the border with France. Jaca is an ancient fort on the Aragón River, situated at the crossing of two great early medieval routes, one from Toulouse to Santiago de Compostela and Pau to Zaragoza. Jaca was the city out of which the County and Kingdom of Aragon developed. It was the first capital of the Kingdom of Aragon until 1096 and also the capital of Jacetania.
Robert Wadlow
Robert Pershing Wadlow (February 22, 1918 – July 15, 1940), also known as the Alton Giant and the Giant of Illinois, was an American man. He is the tallest person in recorded history for whom there is irrefutable evidence. Wadlow was born and raised in Alton, Illinois, a small city near St. Louis, Missouri.

Wadlow's height was 8 ft 11.1 in (2.72 m) while his weight reached 439 lb (199 kg) at his death at age 22. His great size and his continued growth in adulthood were due to hypertrophy of his pituitary gland, which results in an abnormally high level of human growth hormone (HGH).

Alton, Illinois
Alton (/ˈɔːltən/ AWL-tən) is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 18 miles (29 km) north of St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 25,676 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the River Bend area in the Metro-East region of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area.

It is well known for its limestone bluffs along the river north of the city. It's the former location of an historical state penitentiary, and played a significant role preceding and during the American Civil War. It was the site of the last Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate in October 1858. The former state penitentiary in Alton was used during the Civil War to hold up to 12,000 Confederate prisoners of war.
Gabriel Rotello
Douglas Gabriel Rotello (born February 9, 1963) is an American musician, writer and filmmaker. He created New York's Downtown Divas revues in the 1980s, was the co-founder and editor-in-chief of OutWeek magazine, became the first openly gay columnist at a major American newspaper, New York Newsday, and authored the book Sexual Ecology. He now makes documentaries for HBO, The History Channel and other networks.

OutWeek
OutWeek was a gay and lesbian weekly news magazine published in New York City from 1989 to 1991. During its two-year existence, OutWeek was widely considered the leading voice of AIDS activism and the initiator of a cool new sensibility in lesbian and gay journalism.
Johanna Harwood
Johanna Harwood (born 1930), sometimes billed as J. M. Harwood, is a retired Irish screenwriter. She is best known for co-writing the screenplays for the first three James Bond films; Dr. No (1962) and From Russia With Love (1963), and Goldfinger (1964), though she was uncredited for the latter. She was married to director René Clément.

René Clément
René Clément (French: [ʁəne klemɑ̃]; 18 March 1913 – 17 March 1996) was a French film director and screenwriter. He is known for directing the films The Battle of the Rails (1946), Forbidden Games (1952), Gervaise (1956), Purple Noon (1960), and Is Paris Burning (1966). He received numerous accolades including five prizes at the Cannes Film Festival and the Honorary César in 1984.
Kappa Scorpii
Kappa Scorpii, Latinized from κ Scorpii, is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Scorpius. With an apparent visual magnitude of 2.4, this star system is readily visible to the naked eye. Parallax measurements place it at an estimated distance of roughly 480 light-years (150 parsecs) from the Earth.

Lambda Scorpii
Lambda Scorpii is a triple star system and the second-brightest object in the constellation of Scorpius. It is formally named Shaula; Lambda Scorpii is its Bayer designation, which is Latinised from λ Scorpii and abbreviated Lambda Sco or λ Sco. With an apparent visual magnitude of 1.63, it is one of the brightest stars in the night sky.