hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuple space
A tuple space is an implementation of the  associative memory paradigm for parallel/distributed computing. It provides a repository of tuples that can be accessed concurrently. As an illustrative example, consider that there are a group of processors that produce pieces of data and a group of processors that use the data. Producers post their data as tuples in the space, and the consumers then retrieve data from the space that match a certain pattern. This is also known as the blackboard metaphor. Tuple space may be thought as a form of distributed shared memory.

Tuple spaces were the theoretical underpinning of the Linda language developed by David Gelernter and Nicholas Carriero at Yale University in 1986.

Implementations of tuple spaces have also been developed for Java (JavaSpaces), Lisp, Lua, Prolog, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk, Tcl, and the .NET Framework.

Distributed shared memory
In computer science, distributed shared memory (DSM) is a form of memory architecture where physically separated memories can be addressed as a single shared address space. The term "shared" does not mean that there is a single centralized memory, but that the address space is shared—i.e., the same physical address on two processors refers to the same location in memory.: 201  Distributed global address space (DGAS), is a similar term for a wide class of software and hardware implementations, in which each node of a cluster has access to shared memory in addition to each node's private (i.e., not shared) memory.
Council Bluffs, Iowa
Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. Located on the east bank of the Missouri River, it sits across from Omaha, Nebraska. The city had a population of 62,799 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Iowa and the largest in Southwest Iowa. Council Bluffs is also a principal city in the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

Until about 1853, Council Bluffs was known as Kanesville. Kanesville was the historic starting point of the Mormon Trail. Kanesville is also the northernmost anchor town of the other emigrant trails because there was a steam-powered boat which ferried the settlers' wagons and cattle across the Missouri River. In 1869, the first transcontinental railroad to California was connected to the existing U.S. rail network at Council Bluffs.

Transcontinental railroad
A transcontinental railroad or transcontinental railway is contiguous railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass and has terminals at different oceans or continental borders. Such networks may be via the tracks of a single railroad, or via several railroads owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route. Although Europe is crisscrossed by railways, the railroads within Europe are usually not considered transcontinental, with the possible exception of the historic Orient Express.
Transcontinental railroads helped open up interior regions of continents not previously colonized to exploration and settlement that would not otherwise have been feasible. In many cases, they also formed the backbones of cross-country passenger and freight transportation networks. Many of them continue to have an important role in freight transportation, and some such as the Trans-Siberian Railway even have passenger trains going from one end to the other.
Obolaria
Obolaria is a genus of flowering plant in the gentian family Gentianaceae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species  Obolaria virginica, commonly known as Virginia pennywort.

It is native to the eastern United States, where it is found in nutrient-rich forests. It is believed to be mycoheterotrophic, getting much of its nutrients though a symbiotic relationship with fungi, instead of through its small purplish-green leaves.

It is a perennial that produces white flowers in the spring. It is often difficult to locate due to its small stature, and tendency to be buried under leaf litter.

Gentianaceae
Gentianaceae is a family of flowering plants of 105 genera and about 1650 species. Species in this family inhabit every continent except the antarctic, and have been used around the world for centuries as traditional medicine.
Luis Alarcón de la Lastra
Luis Alarcón de la Lastra (3rd marqués de Rende and 7th Conde de Gálvez) (24 November 1891 – 19 November 1971) was a Spanish army officer, deputy, businessperson, Spanish Civil War commander under Francisco Franco, governor of Madrid and then government minister. He owned large areas of land around Carmona, province of province of Seville.

Count of Gálvez
Count of Gálvez (Spanish: Conde de Gálvez) is a hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, granted in 1783 by King Charles III to Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Gálvez-Town, hero of the American Revolutionary War and later viceroy of New Spain, an office he succeeded his father in.

Lady Dorothy Elizabeth Mary Walpole, eldest daughter of the 4th Earl of Orford, was married to the 5th Count of Gálvez.
Bablake School
Bablake School is a secondary co-educational private day school located in Coventry, England. It was founded in 1344 by Isabella of France, widow of Edward II, making it one of the oldest schools in the United Kingdom. It is a part of the Coventry School Foundation, a registered charity, along with King Henry VIII School, King Henry VIII Preparatory School and Cheshunt School. As of January 2021, Bablake is a selective, fee-charging independent school and a member of the HMC.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
French ship Triomphant (1675)
The Triomphant was a ship of the line of the French Royal Navy. One of two sisterships designed and built by Laurent Hubac (the other was the Belliqueux). Started as Brave in Brest and launched on 20 June 1675, she was renamed Constant six days later, and completed in 1676; she was renamed Triomphant on 28 June 1678. She took part in the Battle of Beachy Head on July 10, 1690, and in the Battle of Barfleur on May 29, 1692.

Following the latter battle, she retreated in a battered condition to Cherbourg, along with two larger warships - the Soleil Royal and Admirable. There the three ships were attacked by English warships on 1 June 1692. This attack was beaten off, but on the following day the English employed fireships and the Admirable was set alight and burnt by the English fireship HMS Woolf.

French ship Soleil Royal (1669)
Soleil Royal (Royal Sun) was a 104-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was the flagship of Admiral Anne Hilarion de Tourville.

She was built in Brest, France between 1668 and 1670 by shipwright Laurent Hubac, was launched in 1669, and stayed unused in the Brest harbour for years. She was recommissioned with 112 guns and 1200 men when the Nine Years' War broke out in 1688 as the flagship of the Ponant Fleet.

She was said to be a good sailing ship and her decorations were amongst the most beautiful and elaborate of all baroque flagships. The emblem of the "sun" had been chosen by Louis XIV as his personal symbol.
Wilson Eyre
Wilson Eyre Jr. (October 30, 1858 – October 23, 1944) was an American architect, teacher and writer who practiced in the Philadelphia area.  He is known for his deliberately informal and welcoming country houses, and for being an innovator in the Shingle Style.

Dr. Joseph Leidy House
The Dr. Joseph Leidy House is a historic residence located at 1319 Locust Street between S. 13th and S. Juniper Streets in the Washington Square West neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1893 and 1894 and was designed in the Georgian style by architect Wilson Eyre to be the home of Joseph Leidy, Jr., the nephew of Joseph Leidy (1823–1891), a noted American paleontologist. The house is next door to the Clarence B. Moore House, which was designed by Eyre in 1890.

From 1925 to 1979, the Leidy House served as the clubhouse of the now-defunct Poor Richard Club, whose members worked in advertising, and with the Moore House next door, was part of the Charles Morris Price School of Advertising and Journalism.  Currently, it is the headquarters of District 1199C, the National Union of Hospital and Health Care Employees.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Luhn algorithm
The Luhn algorithm or Luhn formula (creator: IBM scientist Hans Peter Luhn), also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, is a simple check digit formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers.  The purpose is to design a numbering scheme in such a way that when a human is entering a number, a computer can quickly check it for errors.

The algorithm is in the public domain and is in wide use today. It is specified in ISO/IEC 7812-1. It is not intended to be a cryptographically secure hash function; it was designed to protect against accidental errors, not malicious attacks. Most credit card numbers and many government identification numbers use the algorithm as a simple method of distinguishing valid numbers from mistyped or otherwise incorrect numbers.

Check digit
A check digit is a form of redundancy check used for error detection on identification numbers, such as bank account numbers, which are used in an application where they will at least sometimes be input manually. It is analogous to a binary parity bit used to check for errors in computer-generated data. It consists of one or more digits (or letters) computed by an algorithm from the other digits (or letters) in the sequence input.

With a check digit, one can detect simple errors in the input of a series of characters (usually digits) such as a single mistyped digit or some permutations of two successive digits.
Shubra Hall
Shubra Hall is a heritage-listed former semi-rural suburban estate and mansion residence and now administration building for school purposes at Boundary Street in the Sydney suburb of Croydon, Municipality of Burwood, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Albert Bond and built from 1869 to 1888 in the Victorian Second Empire architectural style. It is also known as Presbyterian Ladies' College, PLC Croydon and Hordernville. The property is owned by the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 19 December 2014.

Croydon, New South Wales
Croydon is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) west of the Sydney central business district. Croydon is split between the two local government areas of Municipality of Burwood and the Inner West Council.

The suburb is nestled between the commercial centres of Ashfield and Burwood. It is bounded by Parramatta Road to the north, Iron Cove Creek to the east, Arthur Street to the south and a number of different streets to the west. To the north are Kings and Canada Bays on the closest reach of the Parramatta River, to the northwest is Concord Hospital and the Olympic Games complex at Homebush Bay. To the south is Canterbury Racecourse. The suburb shares its name with Croydon, a large district and borough in the south of London, England.

The traditional owners of the land on which Croydon is situated are the Wangal people of the Eora nation.
Springville, New York
Springville is a village in the southeastern section of the town of Concord in Erie County, New York, United States. Springville is the principal community in the town and a major business location in the "southtowns" of Erie County. The population was 4,296 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area. Springville was originally named "Fiddler's Green" before it was renamed "Springville". Springville is well known for being home to Glenn "Pop" Warner, an important figure in American Football history.

Springville Center for the Arts
Springville Center for the Arts is a non-profit community multi-arts center located at Springville in Erie County, New York.  It is housed in the historic The Baptist Church of Springville, a historic Baptist church.  It was built in 1869, and is a red brick Late Gothic Revival-style church with limestone trim.  It features a square corner bell tower.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. Nine years later, some of the additional buildings nearby that had been built for church use were added to the listing.
Hawarden
Hawarden (/ˈhɑːrdən/ ⓘ; Welsh: Penarlâg) is a village and community in Flintshire, Wales. It is part of the Deeside conurbation on the Wales-England border and is home to Hawarden Castle. In the 2011 census the ward of the same name had a population of 1,887, whereas the community of the same name, which also includes Ewloe (which also has a castle) Mancot and Aston had a population of 13,920.
The scenic wooded Hawarden Park abuts the clustered settlement in the south. Hawarden Bridge consists of distribution and industrial business premises beyond Shotton/Queensferry and the Dee. The west of the main street is called The Highway, its start marked by the crossroads with a fountain in the middle, near which are public houses, some with restaurants.

The village is 7 miles (11 km) from Chester. In 2014 it was named in The Sunday Times' annual Best Places To Live list.

St Deiniol's Church, Hawarden
St Deiniol's Church, Hawarden, is in the village of Hawarden, Flintshire, Wales. It is the parish church of the rectorial benefice of Hawarden in the deanery of Hawarden, the archdeaconry of Wrexham, and the diocese of St Asaph. The church has associations with W. E. Gladstone and his family, and is designated by Cadw as a Grade II* listed building.
London Underground 1995 Stock
The London Underground 1995 Stock is a type of rolling stock used on the Northern line of the London Underground. A total of 106 six-car trains were built, entering service between June 1998 and April 2001, replacing the 1959 Stock, 1962 Stock and 1972 Stock. They are externally similar to the 1996 Stock used on the Jubilee line.

London Underground 1972 Stock
The London Underground 1972 Stock is a type of rolling stock used on the London Underground. The 1972 Stock was originally ordered to make up the shortfall in trains on the Northern line's 1959 Tube Stock fleet, but are now used on the Bakerloo line. Following the withdrawal of the 1938 Stock-based British Rail Class 483 electric multiple units from the Isle of Wight in 2021, the 1972 Stock are now the oldest trains in regular passenger service in the United Kingdom. 63 seven-car trains were built in two separate batches.
Horg Church
Horg Church (Norwegian: Horg kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located just south of the village of Lundamo, on the east side of the European route E06 highway and the river Gaula. It is the church for the Horg parish which is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform style in 1893 using plans drawn up by the architect Carl J. Bergstrøm. The church seats about 700 people.

Lundamo
Lundamo is a village in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the Gaula River between the villages of Hovin and Ler.

The 0.88-square-kilometre (220-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,159 and a population density of 1,317 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,410/sq mi).

Lundamo Station is located in the village along the Dovre Line, but it is now in use only for local traffic. The European route E6 highway also runs through the village. The Gaula River runs through Lundamo and in 2005 it was selected the best river for salmon-fishing in Norway.
Dunmore Head
Dunmore Head (Irish: An Dún Mór) is a promontory in the westernmost part of the Dingle Peninsula, located in the barony of Corca Dhuibhne in southwest County Kerry, Ireland. The headland, together with parts of Mount Eagle's northern slopes is formed from steeply dipping beds of the cross-bedded sandstones of the Eask Sandstone Formation, dating from the Devonian period and traditionally referred to as the Old Red Sandstone.

Dunmore Head is the westernmost point of mainland Ireland and one of the westernmost points of Europe. On 11 March 1982, the Spanish container ship, MV Ranga, was wrecked at Dunmore Head, close to Slea Head after losing power in a storm.

Extreme points of Ireland
This is a list of the extreme points of Ireland – the points that are farthest north, south, east or west in Ireland. It includes the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

Often the term "Malin to Mizen" is used when encompassing the entire island from north to south. The geographical centre of Ireland is 8.85 kilometres north-northwest of Athlone Town.
Cover Your Heart and the Anvil Pants Odyssey
Cover Your Heart is a compilation album by American rock band Black Light Burns. It consists of a CD (Cover Your Heart) and a DVD (The Anvil Pants Odyssey), which was a professionally shot documentary of when Black Light Burns was touring for roughly a year and a half on their debut album Cruel Melody, which preceded this release.

Cruel Melody
Cruel Melody is the debut album of American rock band Black Light Burns, released on June 5, 2007, through Ross Robinson's label I AM: WOLFPACK. The album is an outcome of frontman Wes Borland's efforts after his departure from Limp Bizkit in 2001, after which he took part in many projects such as Eat the Day and The Damning Well. After receiving additional inputs from then members Danny Lohner, Josh Freese and Josh Eustis, Cruel Melody was released in the spring of 2007.
Sadko
Sadko (Russian: Садко) is a principal character in Russian byliny (oral epic poems). He is an adventurer, merchant, and gusli musician from Novgorod. The story of Sadko is best known outside Russia in the opera Sadko by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
In My Head (Loreen song)
"In My Head" is a song performed by Swedish pop singer and music producer Loreen, it was released as the fifth single from her debut studio album Heal (2012). The song was written by Loreen, Moh Denebi, Björn Djupström and produced by Tortuga. It was released as a digital download on 14 February 2013 in Sweden. The track was originally planned to be the single that launched her album Heal but "Crying Out Your Name" was eventually chosen.

The release features a single edit, which is just under a minute shorter than the album version. It also features the Promise Land remix, both in a radio edit and an extended edit. The Promise Land remix gives ‘In My Head’ a slightly more club friendly feel, similarly to what the international version of "Crying Out Your Name" in 2012.

Heal (Loreen album)
Heal is the debut studio album by Swedish singer Loreen, released on 24 October 2012 through Warner Music Sweden. It received positive reviews from critics and received commercial success in the charts, notably reaching number one in Sweden and was certified Platinum there.

Four singles were released from the album, "Euphoria" was released in February 2012 as the lead single, "My Heart Is Refusing Me" was released in international markets in a new remixed version as the second single in October 2012, "Crying Out Your Name" was released in Sweden only as the second single the same month. "In My Head" was released as the fourth single in February 2013. A fifth single "We Got the Power" was released as the lead single from the reissued version of "Heal" that was released in May 2013.
Cranwell
Cranwell is a village in the civil parish of Cranwell, Brauncewell and Byard's Leap, in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west from Sleaford and 14 miles (23 km) south-east from Lincoln. The principal through road, the B1429 between the A15 to the east and the A17 to the west, joins the village to RAF Cranwell. The appropriate civil parish is called Cranwell, Brauncewell and Byard's Leap with a population of 2,827 at the 2011 census.

A15 road (England)
The A15 is a major road in England. It runs north from Peterborough via Market Deeping, Bourne, Sleaford and Lincoln along a variety of ancient, Roman, and Turnpike alignments before it is interrupted at its junction with the M180 near Scawby. The road restarts 10 miles (16 km) east, and then continues north past Barton-upon-Humber, crossing the Humber on the Humber Bridge before terminating at Hessle near Kingston upon Hull.
Man Maw, Maungkan
Manmaw (Burmese: မန်မော်) is a village in northwestern Homalin Township, Hkamti District, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Myanmar and it is located on a tributary of Chindwin River, 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Maungkan and the east bank of the Chindwin river. It is located in the Maungkan village tract.

Homalin District
Homalin Township  (Burmese: ဟုမ္မလင်း  မြို့နယ် [hóʊɰ̃məlɪ́ɰ̃ mjo̰nɛ̀]) is the only township of Homalin District (Burmese: ဟုမ္မလင်း  ခရိုင်) in the Sagaing Region of Myanmar. In 2022, the township was split out from Hkamti District to form the new Homalin District. The principal town is Homalin. The principal rivers flowing through the township are the Chindwin River form north to south and the Uyu River from east to west, joining the Chindwin near Homalin town.

The township is contains 3 towns- the principal town of Homalin, as well as the towns of Shwe Pyi Aye and Mo Waing Lut for a total of 16 urban wards. The township has 76 village tracts grouping 326 villages together.
Mont Terri
Mont Terri (804 metres; 2,638 ft) is one of the mountains of the Jura Mountains range. It is located south of Cornol in the Canton of Jura.

A prehistoric site, Mont-Terri Castle, is located on the summit.

A16 motorway (Switzerland)
The A16, a motorway in north-central Switzerland, is a divided freeway connecting the border to France to the A5 motorway, 84 kilometres (52 mi) to the south on the Swiss plateau.

The A16 motorway is a long, winding corridor that crosses the Jura Mountains from the  Canton of Jura through part of the Bernese Jura area, to the flat part of the canton of  Bern on the Swiss plateau. Therefore, it is called Transjurane. It is congruent with the National Highway N16 and following its anticipated completion around 2020–2030, it will connect the French motorway network with the rest of the Swiss national road network. The extension provides for both four-lane standard (highway) and two-lane sections of "express roads" (Autostrasse). In 2014, there were approximately 71 km (84%) of roadway in operation, other sections were under construction or in planning.