hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Renfrew, Pennsylvania
Renfrew is a small unincorporated village on the Connoquenessing Creek in Penn Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded by David A. Renfrew in 1882 on his farm.  It was once a booming oil town with a general store, a school, a post office, a gas station, and a Methodist church. In September 2004, Renfrew experienced massive flooding due to rainfall caused by the remnants of Hurricane Ivan. The Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad still runs materials to and from the AK Steel mill in Butler through Renfrew along Railroad St. Once used by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, it was at one time a thriving railway that would travel down to Pittsburgh.

Butler County, Pennsylvania
40°55′N 79°55′W﻿ / ﻿40.91°N 79.91°W﻿ / 40.91; -79.91

Butler County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 193,763. Its county seat is Butler. Butler County was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named in honor of General Richard Butler, a hero of the American Revolution. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
Warachikuy
During the Inca Empire Warachikuy (Quechua)  was a ceremony where young men, after undergoing various tests of skill and valor, could receive the official status of an adult man. Today Warachikuy is still an important festival which represents the Andean cultural heritage. The celebrations are held annually at the archaeological site of Sacsayhuamán near Cusco on the third Sunday of September. They include rites, warlike dances, battles like ch'iyar jaqhi (Aymara chiyara black, jaqhi cliff, "black cliff", Hispanicized chiaraje) and competitions.

Ch'iyar Jaqhi (Cusco)
Ch'iyar Jaqhi (Aymara ch'iyara black, jaqhi precipice, cliff, "black cliff", Hispanicized spelling Chiaraje) is a mountain the Andes of Peru, about 4,654 m (15,269 ft) high. It lies in the Cusco Region, Canas Province, on the border of the districts Langui, Quehue and Yanaoca.

Ch'iyar Jaqhi or Tupay (Quechua for to crash, to collide) is also the name of a festival which annually takes place at the mountain in the plain called Ch'iyar Jaqhi Pampa on January 20. During the festival, people of various communities meet to fight against each other. It is considered a ritual battle. This clash between communities is similar to the ritual battle of Tupay Tuqtu which also takes place in the Canas Province.
Aestuarium
Aestuarium is a Gram-negative, aerobic and non-motile bacterial genus from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with on known species (Aestuarium zhoushanense). Aestuarium zhoushanense has been isolated from a sample of tidal flat from the East China Sea in Zhoushan.

Rhodobacteraceae
The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of Pseudomonadota in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are gram-negative. It contains  chemoorganotrophs and photoheterotrophs. Many occur in aquatic habitats.
Alismatidae
Alismatidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass.  Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Alismataceae. It is a relatively new name: earlier systems, such as the Engler and Wettstein systems, used the name Helobiae for a comparable unit.

Najadales
Najadales is the botanical name of an order of flowering plants. A well-known system that used this name is the Cronquist system (1981), which used this name for an order in subclass Alismatidae with this circumscription:

order Najadales
family Aponogetonaceae
family Scheuchzeriaceae
family Juncaginaceae
family Potamogetonaceae
family Ruppiaceae
family Najadaceae
family Zannichelliaceae
family Posidoniaceae
family Cymodoceaceae
family Zosteraceae

The APG II system, used here, assigns the plants involved to the expanded order Alismatales, in the clade 'monocots'.
Rumpelmayer's (New York City)
Rumpelmayer's was a café and ice cream parlor in the Hotel St. Moritz and part of a chain started by Anton Rumpelmayer.  It was popular for children's birthday parties, Sunday breakfasts, and afternoon teas.  The Art Deco restaurant was designed by Winold Reiss and overlooked Central Park.

The pink walls had Egyptian-style mosaics and the room was decorated with stuffed animals. They served hot fudge sundaes and hot cocoa, which was served in silver pots and considered " benchmark hot cocoa."

Rumplemayer's opened when the St. Moritz opened in 1930 and closed when the hotel closed in April 1998.

Hotel St. Moritz
The Hotel St. Moritz was a luxury hotel located at 50 Central Park South, on the east side of Sixth Avenue, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The structure was extensively rebuilt from 1999 to 2002, and today it is a hotel/condominium combination known as The Ritz-Carlton New York, Central Park.
2025 Italian Open
The 2025 Italian Open (also known as the Internazionali BNL d'Italia for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy. It was the 82nd edition of the Italian Open and was classified as an ATP 1000 event on the 2025 ATP Tour and a WTA 1000 event on the 2025 WTA Tour. The 2025 tournament was held between 6 and 18 May 2025.

2025 WTA Tour
The 2025 WTA Tour (branded as the 2025 Hologic WTA Tour for sponsorship reasons) was the global elite women's professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2025 tennis season. The 2025 WTA Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Finals), the team event United Cup (combined event with ATP), and the team event Hopman Cup.
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a judicial panel. In an adversarial system, the judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court.

The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly.

Judiciary of England and Wales
There are various levels of judiciary in England and Wales—different types of courts have different styles of judges. They also form a strict hierarchy of importance, in line with the order of the courts in which they sit, so that judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales are given more weight than district judges sitting in the County Court and magistrates' courts. On 1 April 2020 there were 3,174 judges in post in England and Wales. Some judges with United Kingdom-wide jurisdiction also sit in England and Wales, particularly Justices of the United Kingdom Supreme Court and members of the tribunals judiciary.

By statute, judges are guaranteed continuing judicial independence.

There have been multiple calls from both Welsh academics and politicians, however, for a distinct Welsh criminal justice system.

The following is a list of the various types of judges who sit in the courts of England and Wales:
Spratton
Spratton is a village and civil parish in the West Northamptonshire unitary authority area of Northamptonshire, England. Before changes in 2021 it was governed by Daventry District Council. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 1,099 people, increasing to 1,150 at the 2011 Census. Spratton is 7.1 miles north of Northampton, 6.5 miles from Long Buckby and 11.4 miles from Daventry. The village is situated on the A5199 road.

The village's name means 'Pole farm/settlement', either made of poles or perhaps a place where they were made or acquired.

West Northamptonshire
West Northamptonshire is one of two unitary authority areas in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. It contains the county town of Northampton, as well as the towns of Daventry, Brackley and Towcester, and the large villages of Brixworth and Long Buckby; the rest of the area is predominantly agricultural villages though it has many lakes and small woodlands.

West Northamptonshire was created in 2021 as part of local government restructuring from the previous non-metropolitan districts of Northampton, Daventry and South Northamptonshire.

The West Coast Main Line and the M1 and M40 motorways pass through the district, and it includes the site of the Roman town of Bannaventa and the grade I listed Althorp House and its estate.
MacroMind
MacroMind was an Apple Macintosh software company founded in Chicago in 1984 by Marc Canter, Jamie Fenton and Mark Stephen Pierce. The company's first product was SoundVision, a combined music and graphics editor. Before the release, the graphics editor was removed, and SoundVision became MusicWorks and the animation creativity tool VideoWorks (which later became Director). Along with other early programs, MusicWorks and VideoWorks were originally published and distributed by Hayden Software.

In 1988 the company moved to San Francisco, and in 1991 MacroMind merged with Paracomp to become MacroMind–Paracomp, then in 1992 merged with Authorware Inc., forming Macromedia.

Paracomp
Paracomp was a Macintosh programming company known for their 3D software, Swivel 3D and ModelShop and FilmMaker. FilmMaker was known for its packaging which was a 16 mm film reel tin, which was used to contain the software and manuals. Paracomp was also the publisher of the computer algebra system Milo, which was the first program on Macintosh able to perform symbolic computation using standard math notation. Paracomp was acquired by MacroMind in 1991 to briefly form MacroMind-Paracomp, before adding Authorware in 1992 and becoming Macromedia.
Greenbanks, South Australia
Greenbanks is a hamlet and semi-rural locality of Murray Bridge on the east (left) bank of the Murray River. It is sandwiched between the larger east-bank localities of Willow Banks, on the west, and Sunnyside on the east. Greenbanks Drive is the only road within the locality, and is accessible only via Clifftop Drive, Sunnyside or Sunnyside Road.

Willow Banks, South Australia
Willow Banks is a hamlet and semi-rural locality of Murray Bridge on the east (left) bank of the Murray River. It is adjacent to the east-bank localities of Murrawong, on the west, and Sunnyside and Greenbanks on the east. Willowbanks Way is the only road within the locality, and is accessible only via Aroona Road, Sunnyside.
Diphu Medical College and Hospital
Diphu Medical College and Hospital is a medical college with an attached hospital located in Diphu, Assam. It started functioning on 25 November 2019. This is the 7th medical college in the state. The college operates under the State Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Assam. It is recognised by the National Medical Commission and affiliated with Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences, Guwahati.

Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences
Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences (SSUHS), Guwahati, Assam, India is established in 2009 as per The Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences Act, 2007. The Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences is the only Health Sciences University in the North Eastern Region with its jurisdiction to the whole of Assam.
Eschweiler Hauptbahnhof
Eschweiler Hauptbahnhof is the largest station in the city of Eschweiler in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is on a slight curve on the Cologne–Aachen high-speed line. Regional services of the Regional-Express lines RE 1 (NRW-Express) and RE 9 (Rhein-Sieg-Express) stop at the station every half hour in both directions.

The station is located about 700 metres (2,300 ft) from the city centre in the district of Röthgen. The station is less than 100 metres (330 ft) from the Ichenberg Tunnel. About 700 metres (2,300 ft) away is Eschweiler-West station on the remaining section of the Mönchengladbach–Stolberg railway, which is now served by euregiobahn trains.

On 24 March 1987, the former station toilets block, together with the former petroleum facility, was added to the heritage list of the town of Eschweiler.

Eschweiler
Eschweiler (German pronunciation: [ˈɛʃvaɪlɐ], Ripuarian: Eischwiele) is a municipality in the district of Aachen in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany on the river Inde, near the German-Dutch-Belgian border, and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Aachen and 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Cologne.
Mahendra Bahadur Pandey
Mahendra Bahadur Pandey is a Nepalese politician and diplomat. A politburo member of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), on 25 February 2014 he assumed the post of the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal  under Sushil Koirala-led government. Since April 2020, he is the Ambassador of Nepal to China. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, he assumed his post from Kathmandu until September 2020.

Nuwakot District
Nuwakot District (Nepali: नुवाकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Bidur as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,121 km2 (433 sq mi) and had a population of 288,478 in 2001 and 277,471 in 2011.

The district contains places of historical significance such as the town of Nuwakot, and the village of Devighat (the death place of Prithvi Narayan Shah) located at the confluence of the Tadi and Trishuli Rivers. Kakani is popular among Nepalese people as a touristic place and picnic spot.
130th Baluchis
The 130th (King George's Own) Baluchis (Jacob's Rifles) was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army raised in June 1858 as the 1st Belooch Rifles; re-designated as 1st Regiment Jacob's Rifles in September. It was designated as 130th Jacob's Baluchis in 1903 becoming 5th Battalion (King George's Own) 10th Baluch Regiment (Jacob's Rifles) in 1922. In 1947, it was allotted to Pakistan Army, where it continues to exist as 12th Battalion of The Baloch Regiment.

John Jacob (East India Company officer)
Brigadier-General John Jacob CB (11 January 1812 – 6 December 1858) was an officer of the British East India Company who served in colonial India for the major portion of his career. He is known for the cavalry regiment called 36th Jacob's Horse, and for founding the town of Jacobabad, in Sind province of British India (now Sindh in modern-day Pakistan), where he planned and supervised the transformation of thousands of acres of desert into arable land over the course of twenty years. The scale of progress and prosperity his works brought to the region can be appreciated by comparing those regions' relative prosperity compared to areas which were not under his administrative jurisdiction.
Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).

Lake Hamilton and Lake Catherine
Lake Hamilton and Lake Catherine are a pair of man-made lakes located in Hot Springs, Arkansas, serving as a tourist attraction for the area. Both lakes were developed by Arkansas Power & Light. The lakes were built as part of Federal Project #271 a hydroelectric development for creating hydroelectric dams.
Spellbound!
Spellbound! is an educational computer game made and distributed by The Learning Company aimed at teaching spelling, vocabulary, and language development to children ages 7 to 12 years. The objective of the game is to play spelling-related games to qualify and compete for successively higher bracket spelling bees, concluding with the player competing in the national spelling bee. The original game, released in 1991, was compatible with computers running DOS 3.3 or higher. A 1995 CD release added spoken dialogue and was compatible with Windows 95 and Mac.

The Learning Company
The Learning Company (TLC) was an American educational software company founded in 1980 in Palo Alto, California and headquartered in Fremont, California. The company produced a grade-based line of learning software, edutainment games, and productivity tools. Its titles included the flagship series Reader Rabbit, for preschoolers through second graders, and The ClueFinders, for more advanced students. The company was also known for publishing licensed educational titles featuring characters such as Arthur, The Powerpuff Girls, SpongeBob SquarePants and Sesame Street.

In December 1995, the company was acquired by SoftKey in a hostile takeover bid, at which point SoftKey assumed the Learning Company name and brand.
Black pitohui
The black pitohui (Melanorectes nigrescens) is a species of bird in the monotypic genus of Melanorectes in the family Pachycephalidae.
It is found throughout the highlands of New Guinea.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Pachycephalidae
The Pachycephalidae (from Ancient Greek παχύς (pakhús), meaning "thick", and κεφαλή (kephalḗ), meaning "head") are a family of bird species that includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and three of the pitohuis, and is part of the ancient Australo-Papuan radiation of songbirds. The family includes 69 species that are separated into five genera. Its members range from small to medium in size, and occupy most of Australasia. Australia and New Guinea are the centre of their diversity and, in the case of the whistlers, the South Pacific islands as far as Tonga and Samoa and parts of Asia as far as India. The exact delimitation of boundaries of the family are uncertain, and one species, the golden whistler, has been the subject of intense taxonomic scrutiny in recent years, with multiple subspecies and species-level revisions.
Milliy Tiklanish
The Uzbekistan National Revival Democratic Party (Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston Milliy tiklanish demokratik partiyasi, OʻzMTDP), often known as simply Milliy Tiklanish, is a national-conservative political party in Uzbekistan. It is allied with the Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, the country's ruling party.

The party is one of the country's five officially sanctioned political parties along with the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, the Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party, the Justice Social Democratic Party. and the Ecological Party of Uzbekistan.

Self-Sacrifice National Democratic Party
The Self-Sacrifice National Democratic Party (Uzbek: Fidokorlar Milliy Demokratik Partiyasi) was a political party in Uzbekistan.

At the 2004–05 Uzbek parliamentary election, the party won 18 out of the 120 seats in the Legislative Chamber of Uzbekistan, the lower house of the Oliy Majlis. In 2007, the party merged with the Uzbekistan National Revival Democratic Party (Uzbek: O'zbekistan Milliy Tiklanish Demokratik Partiyasi), as the two parties shared common goals. The new group retained the National Revival Democratic Party name.
Mbipia
Mbipia is a putative genus of haplochromine cichlids which is endemic to Lake Victoria.  This taxa within the genus Mbipia are currently considered by FishBase to be contained within Haplochromis until a comprehensive review of that genus is conducted, however other authorities recognise its validity.

If eventually separated from Haplochromis it would probably contain the following species:

Mbipia lutea Seehausen & Bouton, 1998

Mbipia mbipi Lippitsch & Bouton, 1998

Haplochromis
Haplochromis is a ray-finned fish genus in the family Cichlidae. It has been used as the default "wastebin taxon" for Pseudocrenilabrinae cichlids of the East African Rift, and as such became the "largest" fish "genus". Many of these cichlids are popular aquarium fishes; like similar Haplochromini they are known as "haplos", "happies" or "haps" among aquarium enthusiasts.

The genus was established by F.M. Hilgendorf in 1888. It was originally conceived as a subgenus of A.C.L.G. Günther's "Chromis", at that time an even larger "wastebin genus" for Pseudocrenilabrinae cichlids. The type species of Hilgendorf was H. obliquidens. "Chromis" of Günther turned out to be a junior homonym of G. Cuvier's ocean fish genus Chromis, already established in 1814, and was abolished. As the years went by, other genera of (mostly) Haplochromini were lumped with and split again from Haplochromis, and the final delimitation of the clade around H. obliquidens is not yet done.
George Rochberg
George Rochberg (July 5, 1918 – May 29, 2005) was an American composer of contemporary classical music. Long a serial composer, Rochberg abandoned the technique after his teenage son died in 1964, saying it had proved inadequate to express his grief and was empty of expressive power. By the 1970s, Rochberg's use of tonal passages in his music had provoked controversy among critics and fellow composers. A professor at the University of Pennsylvania until 1983, Rochberg chaired its music department until 1968. He became the first Annenberg Professor of the Humanities in 1978.

String Quartet No. 3 (Rochberg)
George Rochberg's String Quartet No. 3 is an important piece in American contemporary music literature. Written in 1971 and premiered on May 15, 1972, by the Concord String Quartet, the third string quartet was an important move away from serialism for the American composer.
Café Griensteidl
Café Griensteidl was a traditional Viennese café located at Michaelerplatz 2 across from St. Michael's Church and St. Michael's Gate at the Hofburg Palace in the Innere Stadt first district of Vienna, Austria. The café was founded in 1847 by former pharmacist Heinrich Griensteidl. In January 1897, the original building was demolished during the course of the renovation of Michaelerplatz. In autumn 1898, it was succeeded by the Café Glattauer. During the early twentieth century, the café was frequented by many artists, musicians, and writers, including Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Arthur Schnitzler, Arnold Schoenberg, Alexander Zemlinsky, Hermann Bahr, Friedrich Eckstein, Rudolf Steiner, Hugo Wolf, and Stefan Zweig.

In 1990, the café was reopened as Griensteidl again and became a popular location among the Viennese coffeehouse culture.
But the owners closed in June 2017, citing rising rents.

Viennese coffee house culture
The Viennese coffee house (German: das Wiener Kaffeehaus, Bavarian: as Weana Kafeehaus) is a typical institution of Vienna that played an important part in shaping Viennese culture.

Since October 2011, the "Viennese Coffee House Culture" is listed as an "Intangible Cultural Heritage" in the Austrian inventory of the "National Agency for the Intangible Cultural Heritage", a part of UNESCO. The Viennese coffee house is described in this inventory as a place, "where time and space are consumed, but only the coffee is found on the bill."