hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bartenura wine
Bartenura is an international brand of the Royal Wine Company, a kosher wine manufacturer. The wine is sourced from the Provincia di Pavia, Italy and is named for Rabbi Ovadia ben Avraham of Bertinoro (known as The Bartenura), the 15th century Italian rabbi.

This wine was the first to sell in a blue glass bottle. In 1992, it became the largest-selling wine in the kosher sector, and is the single most successful kosher Italian wine brand. It is exported to 32 countries.

The Moscato of Bartenura was mentioned by Lil’ Kim in a song in 2005, which generated popularity among other singers. In May 2020, it became the second kosher wine to be made available in a can. The first being Rosé by J.Folk in 2020.

Kedem Winery
Kedem Winery is a kosher food and beverage manufacturing and distribution company, incorporated in the United States since 1958, established as Royal Wine Corporation  in June 1948 and run by the Herzog family since 1958.

Kedem currently sells over a million cases of kosher wine and grape juice annually, in sixteen countries worldwide. Formerly headquartered in New York City, it is now based in Bayonne, New Jersey. Vineyards for wine and grape juice are based in Marlboro, New York. It is especially known for its grape juice and NY state wines, as well as Kedem Tea Biscuits.

Kedem Foods is a sister brand that also produces other food products, and has merged with Kenover Marketing and B&W Foods to form the largest kosher food conglomerate, Kayco Kosher, which in turn owns other kosher food brands, such as Manischewitz, Hadar, and Gefen.
Ferdinand I of León
Ferdinand I (c. 1015 – 24 December 1065), called the Great (el Magno), was the count of Castile from his uncle's death in 1029 and the king of León after defeating his brother-in-law in 1037. According to tradition, he was the first to have himself crowned Emperor of Spain (1056), and his heirs carried on the tradition. He was a younger son of Sancho III of Navarre and Muniadona of Castile, and by his father's will recognised the supremacy of his eldest brother, García Sánchez III of Navarre. While Ferdinand inaugurated the rule of the Navarrese Jiménez dynasty over western Spain, his rise to preeminence among the Christian rulers of the peninsula shifted the focus of power and culture westward after more than a century of Leonese decline. Nevertheless, "[t]he internal consolidation of the realm of León–Castilla under Fernando el Magno and [his queen] Sancha (1037–1065) is a history that remains to be researched and written."

Jiménez dynasty
The Jiménez dynasty, alternatively called the Jimena, the Sancha, the Banu Sancho, the Abarca or the Banu Abarca, was a medieval ruling family which, beginning in the 9th century, eventually grew to control the royal houses of several kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula during the 11th and 12th centuries, namely the Kingdoms of Navarre, Aragon, Castile, León and Galicia as well as of other territories in Southern France. The family played a major role in the Reconquista, expanding the territory under the direct control of the Christian states as well as subjecting neighboring Muslim taifas to vassalage. Each of the Jiménez royal lines ultimately went extinct in the male line in the 12th or 13th century.
Indo-Portuguese creoles
Indo-Portuguese creoles are the several Portuguese creoles spoken in the former Portuguese Indian settlements, Kerala, Fort Bassein, Goa and Damaon, Portuguese Ceylon etc; in present-day India and Sri Lanka. These creoles are now mostly extinct or endangered. They have substantial European Portuguese words in their grammars or lexicons:

Ceylon Portuguese creole (Sri Lanka)

Damaon and Dio Portuguese creole

Kristi language (Chaul Portuguese creole)

Norteiro creole (Bassein) †

Bombay Portuguese creole †

Goa Portuguese creole †

Korlai Portuguese

Cochin Portuguese creole †

Cannanore Portuguese creole

Bengali Portuguese creole †

The expression Indo-Portuguese may refer not only to the creoles but also to the creole people groups of Luso-Indians and Portuguese Burghers, who spoke them on the Indian subcontinent.

Portuguese language in Goa
The Portuguese controlled Goa until 1961, when India took over. Only a very small fraction of Goans speak Portuguese nowadays. Although an essential religious language, there were 1,500 students learning Portuguese in Goa in 2015; totaling a number of 10,000 – 12,000 Portuguese speakers in the state.
Edwyn Ralph
Edwyn Ralph or Edvin Ralph is a village and civil parish 14 miles (23 km) north east of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 192. The parish touches Bromyard and Winslow, Collington, Edvin Loach and Saltmarshe, Norton, Thornbury and Wacton. Edwyn Ralph shares a parish council with Collington and Thornbury called "Thornbury Group Parish Council".

Edvin Loach and Saltmarshe
Edvin Loach and Saltmarshe is a civil parish in north-east Herefordshire, England, and is approximately 15 miles (24 km) north-east from the city and county town of Hereford. The nearest town is Bromyard, 2.5 miles (4 km) to the south-west. Within the parish is a George Gilbert Scott built parish church in the virtually depopulated settlement of Edvin Loach, and the repurposed site of the demolished Saltmarshe Castle.
Karp–Flatt metric
The Karp–Flatt metric is a measure of parallelization of code in parallel processor systems. This metric exists in addition to Amdahl's law and  Gustafson's law as an indication of the extent to which a particular computer code is parallelized. It was proposed by Alan H. Karp and Horace P. Flatt in 1990.

Speedup
In computer architecture, speedup is a number that measures the relative performance of two systems processing the same problem. More technically, it is the improvement in speed of execution of a task executed on two similar architectures with different resources. The notion of speedup was established by Amdahl's law, which was particularly focused on parallel processing. However, speedup can be used more generally to show the effect on performance after any resource enhancement.
Dyffryn Cennen
Dyffryn Cennen is a community located in Carmarthenshire, Wales. The population of the community taken at the 2011 census was 1,176.

The community is bordered by the communities of: Manordeilo and Salem; Llangadog; Cwmamman; Llandybie; Llanfihangel Aberbythych; and Llandeilo, all being in Carmarthenshire.

It includes the villages of Ffairfach and Trapp.

The community is part of the Llandeilo electoral ward for elections to Carmarthenshire County Council.

Cwmamman
Cwmamman or Cwmaman is a community in Carmarthenshire, about 12 miles north of Swansea in southwest Wales. Literally meaning "Amman valley", it takes its name from the River Amman which runs through the area. The main settlements in the community are Glanamman and Garnant.
Ficus superba
Ficus superba, also known as sea fig or deciduous fig, is a hemiepiphytic tree of genus Ficus. It is one of the species known as banyans or "strangler figs" because of its potential to grow as a hemi-epiphyte and eventually progress to the strangling habit of species in this subgenus. It is, however, not an obligate hemi-epiphyte and can be found growing as single stemmed trees in forests. It is found in Japan, Taiwan, Australia, and China, as well as various parts of Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, Vietnam, Java, Kalimantan, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Seram Island, and Peninsular Malaysia. According to E.J.H. Corner, if this fig germinates in a boulder field its roots can extend "extraordinary distances, up to several hundred feet" over and between the rocks.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
Italy men's national volleyball team
The Italy men's national volleyball team represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches. The national team is controlled by the Italian Volleyball Federation, the governing body for Volleyball in Italy. It is one of the most successful national teams in the history of volleyball, having won five World Championships (1990, 1994, 1998, 2022 and 2025), seven European Championships (1989, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2005, and 2021), one World Cup (1995), and eight World Leagues (1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, and 2000). Italy is the reigning world champion, having won the 2025 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship on 28 September 2025. Italy equaled a record previously held by the USSR by becoming world volleyball champions in both men’s and women’s competitions — a feat the Soviet Union had achieved in 1952 and 1960.

Italian Volleyball Federation
The Italian Volleyball Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Pallavolo, FIPAV) is the governing body for volleyball in Italy since 1946.

The FIPAV  has reported a significant increase in its membership numbers, with over 300,000 registered members as of 2022. This is a notable increase from the pre-COVID numbers in 2019, indicating a growing interest in volleyball in Italy. FIPAV attributes this "boom" to several factors, including the success of the Italian national teams, increased investment in the sport, and a renewed focus on grassroots development. The organization has also emphasized the importance of continued investment in the sport to sustain this growth and maintain its popularity among Italians of all ages and backgrounds.
Willy Roy
Willy Roy (born February 8, 1943) is an American retired soccer forward and coach. He played for several teams in the National Professional Soccer League and the North American Soccer League in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the United States national team from 1965 to 1973. He is a member of the National Soccer Hall of Fame.

Soccer Bowl Series '84
Soccer Bowl Series '84, also known as Soccer Bowl '84, was the championship series of the 1984 NASL season, and the last championship of the original NASL. In a departure from previous years, it was a best-of-three series between the Chicago Sting and the Toronto Blizzard as opposed to a single-game championship. The first game of the series was held on Monday, October 1 at Comiskey Park, in Chicago, Illinois; the Sting won it, 2–1.  The second game was played at Varsity Stadium, in Toronto, Ontario on October 3. Chicago won again, this time by a score of 3–2, to sweep the series and claim its second North American championship.
DreamFactory (game company)
DreamFactory Co., Ltd. is a Japanese video game developer founded in 1995, based out of Tokyo. They are best known for developing fighting and beat 'em up games, such as the Tobal No. 1 fighting game series and the high-profile PlayStation 2 title The Bouncer, both developed under Square Co. The company's chairman, Seiichi Ishii, is an industry veteran who served as an early designer and director for two fighting game franchises: Virtua Fighter (published by Sega) and Tekken (published by Namco).

Appleseed (2004 film)
Appleseed (Japanese: アップルシード, Hepburn: Appurushīdo) is a 2004 Japanese animated post-apocalyptic action film directed by Shinji Aramaki and based on the Appleseed manga created by Masamune Shirow. The voice cast includes Ai Kobayashi, Jūrōta Kosugi, and Yuki Matsuoka. The film, the second adaptation of the manga after the 1988 OVA, tells the story of Deunan Knute, a former soldier, who searches for data that can restore the reproductive capabilities of bioroids, a race of genetically engineered clones. Although it shares characters and settings with the original manga, this film's storyline is a re-interpretation, not a direct adaptation. It was released on April 17, 2004.
Interac e-Transfer
Interac e-Transfer (formerly Interac Email Money Transfer or EMT) is a Canadian funds transfer service between personal and business accounts in participating Canadian banks and other financial institutions, offered through Interac Corporation.

From inception until early 2018, the service was provided by Acxsys, a for-profit consortium backed by most of the major partners of the nonprofit Interac Association, and using the Interac brand under licence. In February 2018, the activities of both organizations were combined into a single for-profit organization under the Interac name.

Electronic funds transfer
Electronic funds transfer (EFT) is the transfer of money from one bank account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, via computer-based systems.

The funds transfer process generally consists of a series of electronic messages sent between financial institutions directing each to make the debit and credit accounting entries necessary to complete the transaction. An electronic funds transfer starts when the sending customer send an electronic instruction with the purpose of making payment to the beneficiary or the receiving customer.
Electoral district of Murray-Wellington
Murray-Wellington is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia.

Originally known as Murray, it was one of the original 30 seats contested at the 1890 election. The district is a regional electorate situated between Mandurah and Bunbury. The seat has alternated between the names Murray and Murray-Wellington to reflect its geography.

The seat has been a traditional stronghold for the Liberal Party, though the opposing Labor Party has won the seat three times in the last four decades.

Electoral districts of Western Australia
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly is elected from 59 single-member electoral districts. These districts are often referred to as electorates or seats.

The Electoral Distribution Act 1947 requires regular review of electoral boundaries, in order to keep the relative size of electorates within certain limits.  Electoral boundaries are determined by the Western Australian Electoral Commission. Electoral districts are subdivisions of electoral regions for the Legislative Council and have approximately an equal number of electors. The last electoral redistribution was completed in December 2023 and was first applied in the 2025 Western Australia election.
Istria Cup
The Istria Cup is an annual invitational women's football tournament, hosted by Croatia since 2013, in the Istria region of Croatia. It is held at the same time of the year as the Algarve Cup, the Arnold Clark Cup, the Cup of Nations, the Cyprus Women's Cup, the Pinatar Cup, the SheBelieves Cup, the Tournoi de France, the Turkish Women's Cup and the Women's Revelations Cup. The format of competition varies from year to year.

Cyprus Women's Cup
The Cyprus Women's Cup was a global invitational tournament for national teams in women's football. It was held annually in Cyprus since 2008 until the introduction of the UEFA Women's Nations League in 2023. Although the competition takes place in Cyprus, the hosts never took part in the competition.

It was played in late February or early March, at the same time as the Algarve Cup, the Arnold Clark Cup, the Cup of Nations, the Istria Cup, the Pinatar Cup, the SheBelieves Cup, the Tournoi de France, the Turkish Women's Cup and the Women's Revelations Cup.
Diazolidinyl urea
Diazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics. It is chemically related to imidazolidinyl urea which is used in the same way. Diazolidinyl urea acts as a formaldehyde releaser.

It is used in many cosmetics, skin care products, shampoos and conditioners, as well as a wide range of products including bubble baths, baby wipes and household detergents. Diazolidinyl urea is found in the commercially available preservative Germaben.

Commercial diazolidinyl urea is a mixture of different formaldehyde addition products including polymers.

Formaldehyde releaser
A formaldehyde releaser, formaldehyde donor or formaldehyde-releasing preservative is a chemical compound that slowly releases formaldehyde.  Formaldehyde-releasers are added to prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life. The intent of these compounds is that they release formaldehyde at levels that suppress microbial growth but sufficiently low to not threaten humans.  The use of these chemicals in cosmetics has elicited controversy.
Interleukin-17 receptor
Interleukin-17 receptor (IL-17R) is a cytokine receptor which belongs to new subfamily of receptors binding proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 17A, a member of IL-17 family ligands produced by T helper 17 cells (Th17). IL-17R family consists of 5 members: IL-17RA, IL-17RB, IL-17RC, IL-17RD and IL-17RE. Functional IL-17R is a transmembrane receptor complex usually consisting of one IL-17RA, which is a founding member of the family, and second other family subunit, thus forming heteromeric receptor binding different ligands. IL-17A, a founding member of IL-17 ligand family binds to heteromeric IL-17RA/RC receptor complex. IL-17RB binds preferentially IL-17B and IL-17E and heteromeric IL-17RA/RE complex binds IL-17C. However, there is still unknown ligand for IL-17RD. The first identified member IL-17RA is located on human chromosome 22, whereas other subunits IL-17RB to IL-17RD are encoded within human chromosome 3.

IL17RA
Interleukin 17 receptor A, also known as IL17RA and CDw217 (cluster of differentiation w217), is a human gene.

Interleukin 17A (IL17A)is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-lymphocytes. It is a potent inducer of the maturation of CD34-positive hematopoietic precursors into neutrophils. The protein encoded by this gene (interleukin 17A receptor; IL17RA) is a ubiquitous type I membrane glycoprotein that binds with low affinity to interleukin 17A. Interleukin 17A and its receptor play a pathogenic role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Like other cytokine receptors, this receptor likely has a multimeric structure.
Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church and Parsonage
The Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church and Parsonage is a historic church complex in Columbus, Wisconsin. The complex includes the 1878 church building at 254 W. Mill Street and the adjacent 1885 parsonage at 236 W. Mill Street. The buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Columbus, Wisconsin
Columbus is a city in Columbia and Dodge counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 5,540 at the 2020 census, all of which resided in Columbia County. Columbus is located about 28 miles (45 km) northeast of Madison on the Crawfish River.
Shaker Village Historic District (Shaker Heights, Ohio)
Shaker Village Historic District is a historic district between Fairmount and Lomond Boulevards, and Green, Warrensville Center, Becket, and Coventry Roads in Shaker Heights, Ohio. The district comprises roughly seventy percent of the city of Shaker Heights.

The district was largely constructed between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. The area was once home to a large Shaker population. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Shaker Heights, Ohio
Shaker Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 29,439 at the 2020 census. Shaker Heights is an inner-ring streetcar suburb of Cleveland, abutting the eastern edge of the city's limits. It is a planned community developed by the Van Sweringen brothers, railroad moguls who envisioned the community as a suburban retreat from the industrial inner city of Cleveland.
Lackan
Lackan (Irish: Leacain) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 13.6 kilometres (8 mi) north-north–west of Mullingar.

Lackan is one of 10 townlands of the civil parish of Lackan in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 768 acres (3.11 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Clonava and Lackanwood to the north, Donore and Soho to the east, Carrick, Fulmort, Leny and Rathganny to the south and Ballyharney and Grange to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 26 houses and 110 inhabitants in the townland.

Clonava
Clonava (Irish: Cluain Ámha) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 16.31 kilometres (10 mi) north of county town Mullingar.

Clonava is one of 35 townlands of the civil parish of Street in the barony of Moygoish in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 1,125 acres (4.55 km2), including 35 acres (0.14 km2) of water; part of the western end of Lough Derravaragh and the majority of the small lake, Lough Ruddan. The townland contains the settlement of Clonave. North of Lough Derravaragh, the River Inny forms the eastern boundary of the townland. Peat is extracted from wetlands that cover the north of Clonava and parts of neighbouring townlands.

The neighbouring townlands are: Coolnagun to the north, Shrubbywood to the north–east. Derrya to the east, Lackan and Lackanwood to the south and Clonkeen and Bottomy to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 15 houses and 63 inhabitants in the townland.
Aiken County, South Carolina
Aiken County (/ˈeɪkən/) is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 168,808. Its county seat and largest community is Aiken. Aiken County is a part of the Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is mostly in the Sandhills region, with the northern parts reaching in the Piedmont and southern parts reaching into the Coastal Plain.

Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,223. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769.

Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, South Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbia-Sumter-Orangeburg, South Carolina Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Midlands of South Carolina.

It is the home of South Carolina State University, the only public four-year historically Black university in South Carolina. It is also home to Claflin University, the oldest historically Black college or university (HBCU) in the state.
Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
The Kingdom of Jerusalem, one of the Crusader states that was created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. According to the 13th-century jurist John of Ibelin, the four highest crown vassals (referred to as barons) in the kingdom proper were the count of Jaffa and Ascalon, the prince of Galilee, the lord of Sidon, and the lord of Oultrejordain.

There were also a number of independent seigneuries, and some land held under direct royal control, such as Jerusalem itself, Acre and Tyre.

Ibelin (castle)
Ibelin was a crusader castle in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem at the town of Ibelin, later known as Yibna, and today southeast of the modern Israeli city of Yavne. Very little remains of the castle, but its ruins have been located in the center of Yibna, today known as "Tel Yavne".

It was the fief of the noble house of Ibelin, which later achieved great prominence in the kingdom. Ibelin was built in 1141 by King Fulk of Jerusalem to guard the kingdom's southern border, though its importance declined as the border moved south. It  remained the centre of the Lordship of Ibelin, until the collapse of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1187. The castle was captured by Saladin in 1187 after the crusader defeat at Hattin, and was destroyed.