hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paradox of fiction
The paradox of fiction, or the paradox of emotional response to fiction, is a philosophical dilemma that questions how people can experience strong emotions to fictional things. The primary question asked is the following: How are people moved by things which do not exist? The paradox draws upon a set of three premises that seem to be true prima facie but upon closer inspection are said to produce a contradiction. Although the emotional experience of fictional things in general has been discussed in philosophy since Plato, the paradox was first suggested by Colin Radford and Michael Weston in their 1975 paper "How Can We Be Moved by the Fate of Anna Karenina?". Since Radford and Weston's original paper, they and others have continued the discussion by giving the problem slightly differing formulations and solutions.

Kendall Walton
Kendall Lewis Walton (born 1939) is an American philosopher, the Emeritus Charles Stevenson Collegiate Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Art and Design at the University of Michigan.

His work mainly deals with theoretical questions about the arts and issues of philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and philosophy of language. His book Mimesis as Make Believe: On the Foundations of the Representational Arts develops a theory of make-believe and uses it to understand the nature and varieties of representation in the arts.

He has also developed an account of photography as transparent, defending the idea that we see through photographs, much as we see through telescopes or mirrors, and written extensively on pictorial representation, fiction and the emotions, the ontological status of fictional entities, the aesthetics of music, metaphor, and aesthetic value.
Cabinet of Afghanistan
The Cabinet of Afghanistan (also known as the Council of Ministers) is the executive body of the government of the country, responsible for day-to-day governance and the implementation of policy set by the Leadership. In its modern form it has existed since the beginning of the reign of Emir Amanullah Khan in 1919.

The cabinet is headed by the prime minister—who serves as the nation's head of government—and his deputies, and consists of the heads and deputy heads of the government ministries.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (MoFA) (Dari: وزارت خارجه افغانستان, Pashto: د افغانستان د بهرنیو چارو وزارت) is the cabinet ministry responsible for managing the foreign relations of Afghanistan.

On 11 January 2023, the ministry was bombed. It would again be bombed on 27 March 2023.
Romantic Warrior (horse)
Romantic Warrior (Chinese: 浪漫勇士, foaled March 18, 2018) is a multiple Group 1 winning champion thoroughbred racehorse that was born in Ireland and trained in Hong Kong. After he arrived in Hong Kong in June 2021, he scored a five-race winning streak, including a championship of the Hong Kong Classic Mile. He is currently owned by Lau Pak Fai and trained by Danny Shum Chap Shing.

In 2022, he was named the Champion Middle-Distance Horse, the Champion Four-Year-Old and the Most Improved Horse. He is notable for winning the Cox Plate in 2023 and the Hong Kong Cup in 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025. He also won the Yasuda Kinen in 2024, being the first foreign-trained horse in 18 years to win at Tokyo Racecourse since Bullish Luck in 2006, also in the same race.

Romantic Warrior is the only racehorse to win four Hong Kong Cups.

Danon The Kid
Danon The Kid (Japanese: ダノンザキッド foaled 29 January 2018) is a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse. He was one of the best two-year-olds in Japan in 2020 when he won all three of his races including the Tokyo Sports Hai Nisai Stakes and the Hopeful Stakes. In 2021 he finished third in the Mile Championship.
Methodist Church of Australasia
The Methodist Church of Australasia was a Methodist denomination based in Australia. It existed from 1902 to 1977, when the Uniting Church in Australia was formed. It did missionary work in Australia through two organisations: the Methodist Overseas Mission (founded 1916), which focused mainly on Aboriginal Australians, and the Methodist Inland Mission (founded 1926), which served settler communities in remote parts of Australia.

Yirrkala
Yirrkala is a small community in East Arnhem Region, Northern Territory, Australia, 18 kilometres (11 mi) southeast of the large mining town of Nhulunbuy, on the Gove Peninsula in Arnhem Land. It is known for the former mission, established as an Aboriginal reserve after being founded by Methodist missionaries in 1935, and for what became known as the Yirrkala bark petitions. These were a set of petitions submitted by the Aboriginal residents of the mission to the Australian Parliament in 1963 asking for consultation about their land taken for mining. This marked an important moment in the history of Indigenous land rights in Australia and native title in Australia.

Yirrkala's population comprises predominantly Aboriginal Australians of the Yolngu peoples. At the 2021 census, Yirrkala had a population of 657, of whom 79.8% identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people.
Winston Glacier
Winston Glacier (53°9′S 73°38′E﻿ / ﻿53.150°S 73.633°E﻿ / -53.150; 73.633) is a glacier flowing to Winston Lagoon on the southeast side of Heard Island in the southern Indian Ocean. Its terminus is at Winston Lagoon, between Cape Lockyer and Oatt Rocks. To the northeast of Winston Glacier is Stephenson Glacier, the terminus of which is located between Dovers Moraine and Stephenson Lagoon. To the southwest of Winston Glacier is Fiftyone Glacier, whose terminus is located between Lavett Bluff and Lambeth Bluff.

Fiftyone Glacier
Fiftyone Glacier is a large glacier flowing southwards, on the south side of Heard Island in the southern Indian Ocean. Its terminus is located between Lavett Bluff and Lambeth Bluff. To the northeast of Fiftyone Glacier is Winston Glacier, whose terminus is located at Winston Lagoon, between Cape Lockyer and Oatt Rocks.  To the west of Fiftyone Glacier is Deacock Glacier, whose terminus is located between Cape Labuan and Long Beach.
16S ribosomal RNA
16S ribosomal RNA (or 16S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome (SSU rRNA). It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and provides most of the SSU structure.

The genes coding for it are referred to as 16S rRNA genes and are used in reconstructing phylogenies, due to the slow rates of evolution of this region of the gene. Carl Woese and George E. Fox were two of the people who pioneered the use of 16S rRNA in phylogenetics in 1977. Multiple sequences of the 16S rRNA gene can exist within a single bacterium.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Beverweerd Castle
Beverweerd Castle is a 13th-century castle and former knight's court town, which is located on an island along the Kromme Rijn near the village of Werkhoven in the Dutch province of Utrecht. The castle is surrounded by landscaped gardens, in which the Kromme Rijn itself plays an important role in the landscape. The castle was empty for a long time and was not open to the public. Since 2006, painter and art forger Geert Jan Jansen has lived and worked at Beverweerd Castle. The surrounding gardens are ideal for walking, which offers a good view of the castle and the Kromme Rijn.

Werkhoven
Werkhoven is a town in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Bunnik, and lies about 5 km east of Houten. Castle Beverweerd is located on the other side of the river.

Werkhoven used to be a separate municipality. It merged with Bunnik and Odijk in 1964.
Quadrilateral
In  geometry  a quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon, having four edges (sides) and four corners (vertices). The word is derived from the Latin words quadri, a variant of four, and latus, meaning "side". It is also called a tetragon, derived from Greek "tetra" meaning "four" and "gon" meaning "corner" or "angle", in analogy to other polygons (e.g. pentagon). Since "gon" means "angle", it is analogously called a quadrangle, or 4-angle. A quadrilateral with vertices , ,  and  is sometimes denoted as .

Quadrilaterals are either simple (not self-intersecting), or complex (self-intersecting, or crossed). Simple quadrilaterals are either convex or concave.

The interior angles of a simple (and planar) quadrilateral ABCD add up to 360 degrees, that is

This is a special case of the n-gon interior angle sum formula: S = (n − 2) × 180° (here, n=4).

All non-self-crossing quadrilaterals tile the plane, by repeated rotation around the midpoints of their edges.

Angle
In geometry, an angle is formed by two lines that meet at a point. Each line is called a side of the angle, and the point they share is called the vertex of the angle. The term angle is used to denote both geometric figures and their size or magnitude as associated quantity. Angular measure or measure of angle are sometimes used to distinguish between the measure of the quantity and figure itself. The measurement of angles is intrinsically linked with circles and rotation, and this is often visualized or defined using the arc of a circle centered at the vertex and lying between the sides.
Abandonware
Abandonware is a term for software, typically computer or video games, that are no longer for sale by conventional means, or supported by the creator. In many cases the abandoned software was distributed by websites, such as warez, for free. The use of the "abandonware" term is controversial, as distributing out of print software and games is still considered software piracy, and their copyright is not actually abandoned. Some publishers actively file Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) takedowns of abandonware and defend its copyright, while others do not. Meanwhile, some video game historians believe that this distribution is justified to preserve history given the lack of viable alternatives.

Software archaeology
Software archaeology or source code archeology is the study of poorly documented or undocumented legacy software implementations, as part of software maintenance. Software archaeology, named by analogy with archaeology, includes the reverse engineering of software modules, and the application of a variety of tools and processes for extracting and understanding program structure and recovering design information. Software archaeology may reveal dysfunctional team processes which have produced poorly designed or even unused software modules, and in some cases deliberately obfuscatory code may be found. The term has been in use for decades.

Software archaeology has continued to be a topic of discussion at more recent software engineering conferences.
James E. Kearney
James Edward Kearney (October 28, 1884 – January 12, 1977) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Salt Lake in Utah (1932–1937) and bishop of the Diocese of Rochester in New York State (1937–1966).

Roman Catholic Diocese of Rochester
The Diocese of Rochester (Latin: Dioecesis Roffensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the Upstate region of New York State in the United States. The metropolitan for the diocese is the archbishop of New York. The cathedral parish for the diocese is the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart in Rochester. The diocese comprises approximately 350,000 Catholics, 22 diocesan elementary schools, and seven independent parochial high schools. The bishop-designate is John Bonnici.
Dillard High School
Dillard High School is a historic public middle and high school located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The school was established in 1907 as Colored School 11 and was later named for black-education advocate James H. Dillard. It is a part of Broward County Public Schools.

Dillard is available to all of Broward County. The school is a magnet school for Emerging Computer Technology and Performing Arts.

Dillard serves sections of Fort Lauderdale for middle school and sections of Fort Lauderdale and Lauderhill for high school.

Dillard has an FCAT school grade of "A" for the 2013–2014 academic year.

Broward County Public Schools
Broward County Public Schools is a public school district serving Broward County, Florida, United States. It is the sixth largest public school system in the nation. Headquartered in the city downtown of Fort Lauderdale, it is the sole school district in the county.

During the 2023–2024 school year, Broward County Public Schools served 251,106 students enrolled in 326 schools and education centers district-wide.
Casterton, Victoria
Casterton /ˈkɑːstərtən, ˈkæs-/ is a town in Victoria, Australia, located on the Glenelg Highway, 42 kilometres east of the South Australian border, in the Shire of Glenelg.  The Glenelg River passes through the town. Casterton is named after the village of Casterton in south-east Cumbria in England.

Glenelg River (Victoria)
The Glenelg River, a perennial river of the Glenelg Hopkins catchment, is located in the Australian states of Victoria and South Australia.

The river rises in the Grampian Ranges and flows generally north, then west, then south, for over 350 kilometres (220 mi), making the river the longest river in south-west Victoria and third longest overall. A short stretch of the lower end winds through southeastern South Australia before returning to Victoria to enter Discovery Bay at Nelson. The Glenelg River is a central feature of the Lower Glenelg National Park.

The river was named after Colonial Secretary Baron Glenelg, Charles Grant, by Major Thomas Mitchell in August 1836.

Large amounts of water diverted from the upper reaches of the river for agricultural purposes, including irrigation and town water demands. The estuary is listed under the Heritage Rivers Act, 1992 (VIC) and is a nationally important wetland.
St Giles Church, Wormshill
Christianity portal

St Giles Church is the sole church in the village of Wormshill in Kent.  The church is Anglican and is dedicated to Saint Giles. It forms part of the united benefice of Tunstall with Bredgar.  The other parishes are Milstead, Bicknor and Frinsted and Rodmersham. The ecclesiastical parish of Wormshill is in the Diocese of Canterbury and the Sittingbourne deanery (within the archdeaconry of Maidstone).  It is a Grade II listed building, English Heritage number 1060971.

Diocese of Canterbury
The Diocese of Canterbury is a Church of England diocese covering eastern Kent which was founded by St Augustine of Canterbury in 597. The diocese is centred on Canterbury Cathedral and is the oldest see of the Church of England.
KHWI
KHWI (92.1 FM), is a radio station in Holualoa, Hawaii broadcasting an Adult Top 40 format. Prior to October 2012, the station simulcasted co-owned KIPA and KHBC. The station is currently owned by Resonate Hawaii, LLC., a division of Australia-based Resonate Broadcasting.

Resonate Broadcasting
Resonate Broadcasting is an Australian media company, operating radio stations across various centres across regional Queensland, as well as Hawaii. Formed in 2008, it currently operates 16 radio stations across Australia and the United States.
Shahrak Rural District (Azarshahr County)
Shahrak Rural District (Persian: دهستان شهرک) is in Mamqan District of Azarshahr County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Mamqan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Khanamir, now in Yengejeh Rural District.

Khanamir
Khanamir (Persian: خان مير) is a village in Yengejeh Rural District of Howmeh District in Azarshahr County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. It was the capital of Khanamir Rural District until its administration was transferred to the city of Mamqan.
Tone indicator
A tone indicator, also called a tone tag, is a shorthand symbol or abbreviation that conveys the intended tone, intent or emotional context of a written message that might otherwise be ambiguous. In essence, it is a form of meta‑communication: a cue that supplements the literal text with guidance on how the message should be interpreted.

Tone indicators are typically represented by a forward slash (/) followed by a few letters, such as /j for "joking" or /gen for "genuine". They are most often placed at the end of a sentence and are especially common in casual online communication.

Because written communication lacks the nonverbal cues of face‑to‑face interaction – such as vocal inflection, facial expressions, and body language – tone indicators serve as their textual substitutes to reduce misinterpretation. They are particularly common among the neurodivergent community, who often struggle to understand tone.

Irony punctuation
Irony punctuation is any form of notation proposed or used to denote irony or sarcasm in written text. Written text, in English and other languages, lacks a standard way to mark irony, and several forms of punctuation have been proposed to fill the gap.

The oldest is the percontation point in the form of a reversed question mark (⸮), proposed by English printer Henry Denham in the 1580s for marking rhetorical questions, which can be a form of irony. Specific irony marks have also been proposed,  such as in the form of an open upward arrow (△|), used by Marcellin Jobard in the 19th century, and in a form resembling a reversed question mark (), proposed by French poet Alcanter de Brahm during the 19th century.

Irony punctuation is primarily used to indicate that a sentence should be understood at a second level. A bracketed exclamation point or question mark as well as scare quotes are also occasionally used to express irony or sarcasm.
Marjorie Brown
Marjorie Dennison Hall Brown (April 20, 1911 – November 23, 2000, in Sarasota, Florida) was the owner of the Boston Celtics following the death of her husband Walter A. Brown.

After the death of Walter A. Brown, the Celtics' ownership was split 50/50 between minority owner Louis Pieri and Brown's widow Marjorie Brown. Brown and Pieri sold their interest in the Celtics on June 24, 1965, to the Ruppert Knickerbocker Brewing Company, a subsidiary of Marvin Kratter's National Equities.

Walter A. Brown
Walter Augustine Brown (February 10, 1905 – September 7, 1964) was an American sports executive. He was the founder and original owner of the Boston Celtics, operated the Boston Garden-Arena Corporation, and served as president of the Boston Athletic Association. In ice hockey, he coached the Boston Olympics to five Eastern Hockey League championships, owned the Boston Bruins, and served as president of the International Ice Hockey Federation. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1962, the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1965, and IIHF Hall of Fame in 1997.
Dirt track racing
Dirt track racing is a form of motorsport held on clay or dirt surfaced banked oval racetracks. Dirt track racing started in the United States before World War I and became widespread during the 1920s and 1930s using both automobiles and motorcycles, spreading throughout Japan and often running on horse racing tracks. There are a myriad of types of race cars used, from open wheel Sprint cars and Modifieds to stock cars. While open wheel race cars are purpose-built racing vehicles, stock cars (also known as fendered cars) can be either purpose-built race cars or street vehicles that have been modified to varying degrees. There are hundreds of local and regional racetracks throughout the United States and also throughout Japan. The sport is also popular in Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom.

American Flat Track
American Flat Track is an American motorcycle racing series. The racing series, founded and sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1954, originally encompassed five distinct forms of competitions including mile dirt track races, half-mile, short-track, TT steeplechase and road races. The championship was the premier motorcycle racing series in the United States from the 1950s up until the late 1970s.

Following the 2016 season, AMA Pro Racing, the sanctioning body of the series, announced a restructured class system as well as a re-envisioning of the event format. The restructured class system consists of the AFT SuperTwins premier class, the AFT Singles class for young rising stars and later on the AFT Production Twins class featuring production-based, 649-800cc twin-cylinder engines.
Interstate 55
Interstate 55 (I-55) is a major Interstate Highway in the central United States. As with most primary Interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north–south route, connecting the Gulf of Mexico to the Great Lakes. The highway travels from LaPlace, Louisiana, at I-10 to Chicago, Illinois, at U.S. Route 41 (US 41), at McCormick Place. The major cities that I-55 connects to are (from south to north); Jackson, Mississippi; Memphis, Tennessee; St. Louis, Missouri; and Chicago, Illinois.

The section of I-55 between Chicago and St. Louis was built as an alternate route for U.S. Route 66 (US 66). The Interstate crosses the Mississippi River twice: once at Memphis and again at St. Louis.

West Memphis, Arkansas
West Memphis is the most populous city in Crittenden County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 24,520 at the 2020 census, ranking it as the state's 20th largest city. It is part of the Memphis metropolitan area, and is located directly across the Mississippi River from Memphis, Tennessee.
Raniganj Girls' College
Raniganj Girls' College, established in 1980, is a college for girl students at Raniganj in Asansol, Paschim Bardhaman district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts, commerce and science. It is affiliated to Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol.  The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC) under sections 2F and 12B of the UGC Act 1956.

Asansol
Asansol is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the second largest city in West Bengal. It is the 33rd largest urban agglomeration in India by population. Asansol is the district headquarters of Paschim Bardhaman district. According to a 2010 report released by the International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental body, Asansol was ranked 11th among Indian cities and 42nd in the world in its list of 100 fastest-growing cities. Asansol is classed as a Y-category city for calculation of HRA (House Rent Allowance) for public servants (rate 16%) making it a "Tier-II" city.
Emperor Kanmu
Emperor Kanmu (桓武天皇, Kammu-tennō; 735 – 9 April 806), or Kammu, was the 50th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Kammu reigned from 781 to 806, and it was during his reign that the scope of the emperor's powers reached its peak. His reign saw the transition from the Nara period to the Heian period.

Habaek
Habaek (Korean: 하백; Hanja: 河伯), also known as Habak (Korean: 하박; Hanja: 河泊) is the Goguryeo god of the Amnok River or, according to an alternative interpretation, the sun god Haebalk (Korean: 해밝). According to legend, his daughter Yuhwa married Haemosu and gave birth to Dongmyeong of Goguryeo (Korean: 고주몽; Hanja: 高朱蒙; RR: Go Jumong; MR: Ko Chumong), the founder of Goguryeo.