hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Streaming current
A streaming current and streaming potential are two interrelated electrokinetic phenomena studied in the areas of surface chemistry and electrochemistry. They are an electric current or potential which originates when an electrolyte is driven by a pressure gradient through a channel or porous plug with charged walls.

The first observation of the streaming potential is generally attributed to the German physicist Georg Hermann Quincke in 1859.There is a book Zeta Potential published by Elsevier in 2025 providing some insights into the History and Theory of this electrokinetic effect.

Electrokinetic phenomena
Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids, or in porous bodies filled with fluid, or in a fast flow over a flat surface. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles. Particles can be solid, liquid or gas bubbles with sizes on the scale of a micrometer or nanometer. There is a common source of all these effects—the so-called interfacial 'double layer' of charges. Influence of an external force on the diffuse layer generates tangential motion of a fluid with respect to an adjacent charged surface. This force might be electric, pressure gradient, concentration gradient, or gravity. In addition, the moving phase might be either continuous fluid or dispersed phase.
Nectocotis
Nectocotis rusmithi is a genus of Ordovician animal with uncertain affinity, found in the Whetstone Gulf Formation, New York State. It was originally described as a  nectocaridid, differing from Nectocaris in the possession of an internal skeletal element, and this character was taken as evidence that this group is a stem group cephalopod. However, study in 2025, which considered nectocaridids as stem chaetognaths, did not include this taxon to nectocarididae due to lack of diagnostic features.

Nectocarididae
Nectocarididae is a controversial family of animals that superficially resemble squids. Represented by Nectocaris (=Vetustovermis, Petalilium?) from the Cambrian period. Some researchers claim they are cephalopods, however, this is heavily disputed and most reject this claim. A 2025 paper describing the new genus Nektognathus found paired jaw elements in both it and Nectocaris which revealed them to be related to chaetognaths (arrow worms), in particular the superficially similar Timorebestia.
Fritz Rau
Fritz Rau (9 March 1930 – 19 August 2013) was a German music promoter, who was influential in the development of the appreciation of jazz and blues music in Europe in the 1950s and 1960s, and has since been a leading promoter of rock and pop music.  He was nominated to the Blues Hall of Fame in 2012, together with his former business partner Horst Lippmann.

Horst Lippmann
Horst Lippmann (17 March 1927 in Eisenach, Germany – 18 May 1997 in Frankfurt am Main) was a German jazz musician, concert promoter, writer and television director, best known as promoter of the influential American Folk Blues Festival tours of Europe during and after the 1960s.
Marija (film)
Marija is a 2016 German-Swiss drama film directed by Michael Koch. It premiered at the Locarno Film Festival in Switzerland in 2016 and was screened in the Discovery section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.

Riviera International Film Festival
The Riviera International Film Festival (RIFF) is an annual film festival held in Sestri Levante, Italy, which previews new films of various genres from around the world. The invitation-only festival is held annually at the end of April/beginning of May and was founded in 2016 by Los Angeles–based film producer Stefano Gallini-Durante. The festival's Official Competition is reserved for carefully selected works by directors under 35 and for feature documentaries on the Environment and Climate Change.
Brook Chapel
Brook Chapel is a historic chapel located at Hillburn in Rockland County, New York, USA. It was built in 1893 and is a light frame L-shaped, gable-roofed structure expanded to its current size in the first half of the 20th century. At the time of the expansion, it acquired its Gothic Revival style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

From 1907 until 1920, Rev. Byron Gunner served as the church pastor; and his wife Cicely Savery Gunner was involved with the Brook Chapel Sunday School and the Brook School.

Hillburn, New York
Hillburn, originally called "Woodburn" and incorporated in 1893, is a village in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Suffern, east of Orange County, south of Viola, and west of Montebello. It is considered to be one of the more rural communities in Rockland County. The population was 930 at the 2020 census.
Lakehills, Texas
Lakehills is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bandera County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,295 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous place in Bandera County. It is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bandera County, Texas
Bandera County (Spanish: "flag", /bænˈdɛrə/ ban-DERR-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located in the Hill Country and its county seat is Bandera. Bandera county was settled by German and Polish emigrants in the mid 1800s. Many residents are descendants of those same emigrants.

As of the 2020 census, the population is 20,851. Bandera County is part of the San Antonio-New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area.

The county is officially recognized as the "Cowboy Capital of the World" by the Texas Legislature.
Lviv International Literary Festival
The Lviv International Literary Festival (Litfest) is a literary and art festival which takes place each September since 1997 within the Lviv Publishers’ Forum.
NGO "Publishers’ Forum" is the organizer.
Over the years 536 writers from 38 countries have participated in it.

Book Forum Lviv
Book Forum Lviv (formerly The Lviv Publishers' Forum; Ukrainian: Львівський книжковий форум) is the biggest book fair in Ukraine. It has been held in Lviv each September since 1994 and is organized by the Publishers' Forum, an NGO founded after the success of the initial Lviv book forum. It is the largest book fair in Ukraine and one of the largest events of its kind in Eastern Europe. It has also been called Lviv's most popular event. Main expositions are located in the Palace of Arts near the Potocki Palace.

The forum program includes literary events and contests, presentations of publishing houses and authors, meetings with authors, literary readings, autograph sessions, discussions, round-table meetings, and performances. It participates in the organization of collective expositions at the international book fairs in Warsaw, Moscow, Frankfurt, Leipzig, Pisa, and Vilnius.
Kentucky Apple Festival
The Kentucky Apple Festival is an annual festival held in Paintsville, Kentucky during the first Friday and Saturday in October. The festival was originally created in 1962 as a way to provide a market for the county's apple production. During 2020 & 2021 the Kentucky Apple Festival was canceled due to COVID-19. During 2021 the city held the Paintsville Autumn Fest. In 2022 the Kentucky Apple Festival returned and continue their time honored tradition.

Paintsville, Kentucky
Paintsville (locally /ˈpeɪntsvəl/) is a home rule-class city in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. Located along Paint Creek, it is the county seat of Johnson County. The population was 4,312 at the 2020 census.
Nippon News Network
Nippon News Network (NNN) is a Japanese commercial television network owned by Nippon Television (NTV), which itself is controlled by The Yomiuri Shimbun Holdings. The network's responsibility includes the syndication of national television news bulletins to its regional affiliates, and news exchange between the stations.

NNN also operates NTV News24, a 24-hour news channel available on subscription television platforms and also aired on select NNN affiliates during overnights.

Distribution of non-news television programmes is handled by Nippon Television Network System (NNS), another network set up by NTV.

Nippon Television Network System
Nippon Television Network System (NNS; Japanese: 日本テレビネットワーク協議会, romanized: Nihon Terebi Nettowāku Kyōgikai) is a Japanese television network organized by Nippon Television (NTV), which is itself controlled by The Yomiuri Shimbun Holdings. NTV feeds entertainment and other non-news programming over NNS to 29 affiliated stations.

Distribution of national television news bulletins is handled by Nippon News Network, another network set up by NTV.
Cape Lambert
Cape Lambert is a port facility operated by Rio Tinto Iron Ore in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It is located 40 kilometres north-east of Karratha.

While the names of Cape Lambert and Port Walcott are often used interchangeably, the official name of the port is Port Walcott and the iron ore loading facility within is referred to as "Cape Lambert wharf". In shipping documents, it is often referred to as Port Walcott.

Wickham, Western Australia
Wickham is a town located 1,572 km north of Perth and 13 km north of Roebourne in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. In 2016 Wickham had a population of 2,295 people. Aboriginal people made up 17.2% of the population, five times the state average.
Avena nuda
Avena nuda (hulless oat, naked oat) is a species of grass with edible seeds in the oat genus Avena.

When threshed, the hull separates quite readily from the grain.

Naked oats are thought to have originated in China where they have been grown for centuries and used for both feed and food, and then migrated from China to Europe, where naked oats were grown in Britain as early as the middle of the sixteenth century.

Rather than being a variant of common oat, analysis of sequenced genomic data of 100 oat plants from around the world provides evidence that hulled oat (Avena sativa) and naked oat diverged around 51,000 years ago and were likely domesticated independently in Europe and China.

Avena
Avena is a genus of Eurasian and African plants in the grass family. Collectively known as the oats, they include some species which have been cultivated for thousands of years as a food source for humans and livestock. They are widespread throughout Europe, Asia and northwest Africa. Several species have become naturalized in many parts of the world, and are regarded as invasive weeds where they compete with crop production. All oats have edible seeds, though they are small and hard to harvest in most species.
Bad Köstritz
Bad Köstritz (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈkœstʁɪts] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated on the White Elster river, 7 km northwest of Gera. Bad Köstritz is known for the Köstritzer brewery and its Schwarzbier (black beer).

Greiz (district)
Greiz (/ɡraɪts/ gryts) is a Kreis (district) in the east of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the west clockwise) Saale-Holzland, Saale-Orla, district-free city Gera, the Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, Altenburger Land, and the two Saxon districts Zwickau and Vogtlandkreis.
Prizyv
Prizyv was a daily newspaper published in Berlin, Germany from June 22, 1919 to March 14, 1920. It is notorious for having translated and republished A Protocol of 1919 from the Estonian newspaper Postimees. The 1934 300-page compilation of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion allegedly quotes from this paper this antisemitic item. Says Walter Laqueur:

On these ideological rubbish dumps, Prizyu, a daily newspaper published in Berlin, flourished for a brief period in 1919-1920. The German right-wing extremist press was supplied for years with information first published in Prizyv during its nine months of existence.

A Protocol of 1919
A Protocol of 1919 is a fabricated text published as an appendix in some editions of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. It was purportedly found on 9 December 1919 among the documents of a Jewish Red battalion commander killed in the Estonian War of Independence. The document's supposed authors, the "Israelite International League", gloat over their success at reducing the Russian people to "helpless slaves", and urge their fellow Jews to "excite hatred" and "buy up Government loans and gold", in order to grow in "political and economic power and influence". The text has been cited, as with other antisemitic canards, as evidence for the antisemitic belief that the Jews are conspiring to take over the world.
Bloom (Eric Johnson album)
Bloom is Eric Johnson's fifth studio release, released in June 2005. It was the first studio release since his 1996 album Venus Isle almost nine years prior. However, in these nine years he had released a live album by his side-project Alien Love Child entitled Live and Beyond in 2000, as well as two albums of previously unreleased material: Seven Worlds in 1998 and Souvenir in 2002.

The album is split into three sections, 'Prelude' (tracks 1–6), 'Courante' (tracks 7–12) and 'Allemande' (tracks 13–16). The album was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2006 under the category of Best Pop Instrumental Album.

Souvenir (Eric Johnson album)
Souvenir is an album by Eric Johnson released in 2003. It is a collection of previously unreleased material spanning 25 years. The album was unique in that it was only available for purchase through Eric Johnson's website. The album was released between Seven Worlds in 1998 and Bloom in 2005.
Soltorgsgymnasiet
Soltorgsgymnasiet commonly referred to as Soltorg is a natural science and technology focused gymnasium in Borlänge. As of 2007 the school offers interdisciplinary focus of studies. Giving the students extensive freedom of choice of higher education.

Since 2002 Soltorgsgymnasiet have had an exchange-agreement with Lycée Léon Bourgeois in Épernay for teacher and the students reading French and an exchange with a school in Magdeburg for the students reading German. Exchange students are regularly sent and received for short periods of time.

Borlänge
Borlänge ([ˈbôːˌɭɛŋːɛ]) is a locality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 44,898 inhabitants as of 2020. It is the seat of the Borlänge Municipality which as of 2017 had a total population of 51,604 inhabitants.
Matrix multiplication
In mathematics, specifically in linear algebra, matrix multiplication is a binary operation that produces a matrix from two matrices. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix. The resulting matrix, known as the matrix product, has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. The product of matrices A and B is denoted as AB.

Matrix multiplication was first described by the French mathematician Jacques Philippe Marie Binet in 1812, to represent the composition of linear maps that are represented by matrices. Matrix multiplication is thus a basic tool of linear algebra, and as such has numerous applications in many areas of mathematics, as well as in applied mathematics, statistics, physics, economics, and engineering.
Computing matrix products is a central operation in all computational applications of linear algebra.

Commutative property
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Perhaps most familiar as a property of arithmetic, e.g. "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", the property can also be used in more advanced settings. The name is needed because there are operations, such as division and subtraction, that do not have it (for example, "3 − 5 ≠ 5 − 3"); such operations are not commutative, and so are referred to as noncommutative operations.

The idea that simple operations, such as the multiplication and addition of numbers, are commutative was for many centuries implicitly assumed. Thus, this property was not named until the 19th century, when new algebraic structures started to be studied.
CA Osasuna B
Club Atlético Osasuna B, usually known as Osasuna Promesas is the reserve team of CA Osasuna, a Spanish football club based in Pamplona, in the autonomous community of Navarre. Founded in 1962, currently plays in Primera Federación – Group 2, holding home matches at the Tajonar Facilities with 4,500-seat capacity.

Tajonar Facilities
The Tajonar Facilities (Spanish: Instalaciones de Tajonar), is the training ground of the Spanish football club CA Osasuna. Located at the southern outskirts of Pamplona, the centre was opened in July 1982 by then-club president Fermín Ezcurra. The club's women's teams and youth sides also play at the facility, with the Tajonar name used as a metonym to refer to the academy system. Since its opening in 1982, the Tajonar Soccer School has been preparing young football players here.

In 1987–88, the centre was enlarged to cover an area of 80,000 m2 (860,000 sq ft).

In 2001, the centre was renovated and further expanded with the construction of three additional training pitches. In the following years, another 160,000 m2 (1,700,000 sq ft) of land were acquired and, after several sales operations, the club kept the current 239,092 m2 (2,573,560 sq ft) of the Tajonar Facilities.
Gunstwerber
Gunstwerber (or Die Gunstwerber; English: Wooers of Favour), Op. 4, is a waltz by Johann Strauss II.

It was first played on 15 October 1844 at Strauss' début as a composer in Dommayer's Casino in Hietzing, Vienna, along with several of Strauss' other works, such as the waltz Sinngedichte and the polka Herzenslust. The music critic Ernst Décsey commented on Strauss' waltz: "As if singing had broken out from all three storeys of the house [...] the same charm, the same modest piano, the same reverberating forte as the father. Basses rumble, intermediate parts woo, and the main violin theme vibrates across to the ladies."

Herzenslust
Herzenslust (Heart's Content), Op. 3, is a polka composed by Johann Strauss II in the fall of 1844 for his debut as a composer at the Dommayer's Casino establishment in Vienna. It was performed along with several of Strauss' other early compositions, such as the waltzes Sinngedichte and Gunstwerber, and the Debut-Quadrille. Reviewing Strauss' debut, the journal Der Wanderer noted that both the Debut-Quadrille and the Herzenslust Polka "are so piquant in their inspiration, and handled with such glittering effect in the instrumentation that we […] have to recognise and commend the bold and exuberant talent of Strauss Son."
Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams
Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams is a 2007 American direct-to-video animated musical film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Disneytoon Studios. It was the first and only film released for a planned Disney Princess Enchanted Tales series of direct-to-video films, each featuring new stories about the Disney Princesses. It was released on September 4, 2007, by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.

The film features new stories about Aurora from Sleeping Beauty (1959) and Jasmine from Aladdin (1992).

Flora, Fauna, and Merryweather
Flora, Fauna, and Merryweather are the three good fairies in Walt Disney's 1959 film Sleeping Beauty. They are characterized as Princess Aurora's fairy godmothers and guardians, who appear at baby Aurora's christening to present their gifts to her. The three were voiced by Verna Felton, Barbara Jo Allen, and Barbara Luddy, respectively.
Ducal hat of Liechtenstein
The Ducal hat of Liechtenstein (German: Herzogshut) is the crown of the Princes of Liechtenstein, who were also Dukes of Troppau and Jägerndorf. It went missing in the 18th century and was recast in the 1970s as a gift of the people of Liechtenstein to their prince.

Monarchy of Liechtenstein
The monarchy of Liechtenstein is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of Liechtenstein. The current monarch is Prince Hans-Adam II. The House of Liechtenstein, after which the sovereign principality was named in 1719, hails from Liechtenstein Castle in Lower Austria, which the family possessed from the middle of the twelfth century to the thirteenth century, and from 1807 onward. It is the only remaining European monarchy that practises strict agnatic primogeniture.
Pachylecythis
Pachylecythis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae. It includes five species native to the tropical Americas, ranging from Nicaragua to Bolivia and southeastern Brazil.

The genus was first described by E.P. Ledoux in 1964. It was later synonymized with genus Lecythis. In 2024 Vargas et al. published phylogenetic study which concluded that Lecythis was polyphyletic. The authors proposed reinstating Pachylecythis to encompass the paraphyletic Pisonis section of Lecythis.

Lecythidaceae
The Lecythidaceae (/ˌlɛsɪθɪˈdeɪsiː/ LESS-ith-ih-DAY-see) comprise a family of about 30 genera and 250–300 species of woody plants native to tropical South America, Africa (including Madagascar), Asia and Australia.

Well known members of the family include the cannonball tree (Couroupita guianensis) and the edible Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa).
Dagon (short story)
"Dagon" is a short story by American author H. P. Lovecraft. It was written in July 1917 and is one of the first stories that Lovecraft wrote as an adult. It was first published in the November 1919 edition of The Vagrant (issue #11). Dagon was later published in Weird Tales in October 1923. It is considered by many to be one of Lovecraft's most forward-looking stories.

The Shadow over Innsmouth
The Shadow over Innsmouth is a horror novella by American author H. P. Lovecraft, written in November–December 1931. It forms part of the Cthulhu Mythos, using its motif of a malign undersea civilization, and references several shared elements of the Mythos, including place-names, mythical creatures, and invocations. The Shadow over Innsmouth is the only Lovecraft story that was published in book form during his lifetime.

The story follows the narrator, a student conducting an antiquarian tour of New England, as he travels through the nearby decrepit seaport of Innsmouth. Here he interacts with strange people, witnesses disturbing events, and uncovers a conspiracy that leads to horrifying and personal revelations that challenge his own sanity.
Hancock Manor
The Hancock Manor was a house located at 30 Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay. It stood near the southwest corner of what are today the grounds of the Massachusetts State House. It was the home of United States Founding Father John Hancock.

Hancock House (Ticonderoga, New York)
The Hancock House is an historic structure in Ticonderoga, New York. It is a replica of the Hancock Manor on Boston's Beacon Hill that was the residence of Thomas Hancock, the uncle of Founding Father John Hancock.

The Hancock House was built by philanthropist Horace A. Moses for the New York State Historical Association as a repository for "American Traditions in History and the Fine Arts;" the Association used it as its "Headquarters House" until after World War II. It was built in 1925–1926, and is a 4+1⁄2-story, five bay by three bay, Georgian Revival style granite building. It has a slate covered gambrel roof and full basement.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.