hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Torolf Prytz
Torolf Prytz (26 December 1858 – 16 June 1938) was a Norwegian architect, goldsmith and politician for the Liberal Party. He led the goldsmith company J. Tostrup of Oslo from 1890 to 1938, having inherited it from his grandfather-in-law Jacob Tostrup. He also served as Norwegian Minister of Industrial Provisioning from 1917 to 1918 and President of the Norwegian Red Cross from 1922 to 1930.

Norwegian Red Cross
The Norwegian Red Cross (Norges Røde Kors) was founded on 22 September 1865 by prime minister Frederik Stang. In 1895 the Norwegian Red Cross began educating nurses, and in 1907 the Norwegian Ministry of Defence authorized the organization for voluntary medical aid in war. The Norwegian Red Cross was one of the first national organizations in the International Red Cross.

The organization now has 150,000 members and provides a variety of humanitarian services, including care for old and the infirm, prisoner visits, outdoor rescue, and international work.
Promyshlenniki
The promyshlenniki (Russian: промышленники, sg. промышленник, promyshlennik) were Russian and Indigenous Siberian artel members, or self-employed workers drawn largely from the state serf and townsman class who engaged in the  Siberian,  maritime, and later fur trades.

Initially, the Russians in Russian America were Siberian fur-hunters, river-merchants, and mercenaries, although many later worked as sailors, carpenters, artisans, and craftsmen. The promyshlenniki formed the backbone of Russian trading-operations in Russian Alaska. Some of them worked on preliminary request contracts, including for the Russian-American Company, and their duties and activities became less involved in the company's fur-gathering activities.

Maritime fur trade
The maritime fur trade, a ship-based fur trade system, focused largely on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Alaska Natives. Entrepreneurs also exploited fur-bearing skins from the wider Pacific (from, for example, the Juan Fernández fur seal) and from the Southern Ocean.

The trade mostly serviced the market in Qing China, which imported furs and exported tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and in the United States.
Professor Shonku
Professor Trilokeshwar Shonku (Bengali: প্রফেসর শঙ্কু) is a fictional scientist and inventor created by Satyajit Ray in a series of Bengali science fiction books of the same name published from 1965 on. He is the central protagonist of the series. Professor Shonku resides in Giridih. His house contains a laboratory, and he lives with his pet cat, Newton, named after Sir Isaac Newton and his man-servant, Prahlad. He was born in the year of 1911 on 16th June but his year of death is unknown.

Bengali science fiction
Bengali science fiction (Bengali: বাংলা বিজ্ঞান কল্পকাহিনী Bangla Bigyan Kalpakahini) is a part of Bengali literature containing science fiction elements. It is called Kalpabigyan (কল্পবিজ্ঞান lit. 'fictional science'), or stories of imaginative science, in Bengali literature. The term was first coined by Adrish Bardhan during his editorship years.
Walter Payton (musician)
Walter Payton, Jr. (August 23, 1942 – October 28, 2010) was an American jazz bassist and sousaphonist.

Payton was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He played with the Preservation Hall Jazz Band, the French Market Jazz Hall Band and the Young Tuxedo Brass Band, and led his own group called the Snap Bean Band. His recording credits include Lee Dorsey's "Working in the Coal Mine", and Payton variously worked with Aaron Neville, Harry Connick Jr., Champion Jack Dupree and Chuck Carbo. Payton appeared on Saturday Night Live (Walter Payton/Walter Payton).

Payton died in his hometown of New Orleans, after an illness, aged 68. He was the father of jazz trumpet player Nicholas Payton.

Nicholas Payton
Nicholas Payton (born September 26, 1973) is an American trumpet player and multi-instrumentalist. A Grammy Award winner, he is from New Orleans, Louisiana. He is also a writer who comments on subjects including music, race, politics, and life in America.
Pennsylvania Route 26
Pennsylvania Route 26 (PA 26) is a 125.5-mile (202.0 km) highway in the south-central area of Pennsylvania. Its northern terminus is at PA 150 northwest of Howard; its southern terminus is at the Maryland state line near Barnes Gap in Union Township. Two major destinations along this route are Raystown Lake near Huntingdon and the Pennsylvania State University at State College.

In State College, the road divides into a one-way pair, going northbound on Beaver Avenue and going southbound on College Avenue.  The Centre Area Transportation Authority uses these two routes for their Campus Loop and the Town Loop.

As of February 22,2025, a 3.6-mile (5.8 km) portion of PA 26 is concurrent with the northernmost stretch of Interstate 99 (I-99) north of State College between Pleasant Gap and south of I-80.  The route also passes by two state penitentiaries: the State Correctional Institution – Rockview in Pleasant Gap and State Correctional Institution – Huntingdon, near Huntingdon.

State College, Pennsylvania
State College is a borough and home rule municipality in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 40,501 at the 2020 census. It is a college town home to Penn State University Park, the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.

State College is the largest borough in Pennsylvania by population. It is the principal borough of the six municipalities that make up the State College area, the largest settlement in Centre County, and one of the principal cities of the greater State College–DuBois combined statistical area which had 238,734 residents in 2020.
Aberfeldy (band)
Aberfeldy are a Scottish indie pop band founded in Edinburgh in 2002. Formed by the singer-songwriter Riley Briggs, the band is named after the Scottish town where Riley's grandfather had a caravan. Known for their melodic, folk-influenced pop sound, they gained attention with their debut album, Young Forever (2004), which featured the single "Heliopolis by Night". The album was recorded using vintage analogue equipment, giving it a distinctive warm and organic sound.

They followed up with Do Whatever Turns You On (2006) and Somewhere to Jump From (2010), showcasing a blend of acoustic instrumentation, harmonies, and whimsical lyricism. Their style incorporates elements of folk, pop, and indie rock, earning them comparisons to artists such as Belle and Sebastian and The Magnetic Fields.

Although Aberfeldy have been less active in recent years, they continue to perform sporadically.

Young Forever (Aberfeldy album)
Young Forever is the debut album from Scottish indie band Aberfeldy. Released in August 2004, it was recorded in 2003-2004 in mono using one microphone and produced by Jim Sutherland. The album achieved favourable reviews including NME, AllMusic and IndieLondon.

Two singles from the album made the UK singles chart: "Heliopolis by Night" reached number 66 in 2004 and "Love Is an Arrow" reached number 60 in 2005. Two other singles were released on 7" single only: "Vegetarian Restaurant" and "Summer's Gone".
Shlomo Ganzfried
Shlomo Ganzfried (or Salomon ben Joseph Ganzfried, Hungarian: Ganzfried Salamon, Hebrew: רַבִּי שְׁלֹמֹה בֶּן יוֹסֵף גאנצפריד‎, Yiddish: רבּי שְׁלֹמה בֶּן יוֹסף גאַנצפֿריד‎; 1804, in Ungvár, Com.Ung, Royal Hungary – 30 July 1886, in Ungvár, Ung, Royal Hungary) was an Orthodox rabbi and posek best known as the author of the work of Halakha (Jewish law), the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (Hebrew: קיצור שולחן ערוך, "The Abbreviated Shulchan Aruch"), by which title he is also known.

Posek
In Jewish law, a posek (Hebrew: פוסק [poˈsek], pl. poskim, פוסקים‎ [posˈkim]) is a legal scholar who determines the application of halakha, the Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah, in cases of Jewish law where previous authorities are inconclusive, or in those situations where no clear halakhic precedent exists.

The decision of a posek is known as a psak halakha ("ruling of law"; pl. piskei halakha) or simply a "psak". Piskei halakha are generally recorded in the responsa literature.
Germanium-vacancy center in diamond
The germanium-vacancy center (Ge-V) is an optically active defect in diamond, which can be created by doping germanium into diamond during its growth or by implanting germanium ions into diamond after its growth. Its properties are similar to those of the silicon-vacancy center in diamond (SiV). Ge-V can behave as a single-photon source and shows potential for quantum and nanoscience applications due to its narrow zero-phonon line (ZPL) and minimal phononic-sideband (compared to that of the nitrogen-vacancy center (NV)).

Crystallographic defects in diamond
Imperfections in the crystal lattice of diamond are common. Such defects may be the result of lattice irregularities or extrinsic substitutional or interstitial impurities, introduced during or after the diamond growth. The defects affect the material properties of diamond and determine to which type a diamond is assigned; the most dramatic effects are on the diamond color and electrical conductivity, as explained by the electronic band structure.

The defects can be detected by different types of spectroscopy, including electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), luminescence induced by light (photoluminescence, PL) or electron beam (cathodoluminescence, CL), and absorption of light in the infrared (IR), visible and UV parts of the spectrum. The absorption spectrum is used not only to identify the defects, but also to estimate their concentration; it can also distinguish natural from synthetic or enhanced diamonds.
Ghanim ibn Rajih
Ghānim ibn Rājiḥ ibn Qatādah ibn Idrīs al-Ḥasanī (Arabic: غانم بن راجح بن قتادة بن إدريس الحسني) was Emir of Mecca for part of 1254. He assumed the Emirate in Rabi al-Awwal 652 AH (April/May 1254) after deposing his father Rajih without resistance. He reigned until Shawwal (November/December 1254) when he was defeated by Idris ibn Qatadah and Abu Numayy ibn Abi Sa'd.

He was reportedly disproportionately tall, to the extent that his hands reached his knees while standing. The same is reported about his father.

Abu Numayy I
Muḥammad Abū Numayy ibn Abī Sa‘d al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn Qatādah al-Ḥasanī (Arabic: محمد أبو نمي بن أبي سعد الحسن بن علي بن قتادة الحسني; c. 1232 – 8 October 1301), sometimes referred to as Abu Numayy I (أبو نمي الأول), was Emir of Mecca from 1250 to 1301, with interruptions.
Frederick Wing
Major-General Frederick Drummond Vincent Wing, CB (29 November 1860 – 2 October 1915) was a senior officer of the British Army during the First World War and was one of three British divisional commanders killed in action in the space of a week in the aftermath of the Battle of Loos. Wing had served in the army for over thirty years at the time of his death, having been commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1880. He had served with distinction in the Second Boer War and been an aide de camp to Lord Roberts in 1903.

Battle of Loos
The Battle of Loos took place from 25 September to 8 October 1915 in France on the Western Front, during the First World War. It was the biggest British attack of 1915, the first time that the British used gas as a weapon and the first mass engagement of New Army divisions. The French and British tried to break through the German defences in Artois in the north and Champagne at the south end of the Noyon Salient to restore a war of movement.

Despite improved methods, more ammunition, better equipment and gas, the Franco–British attacks were contained by the Germans, except for local losses of ground. The British gas attack failed sufficiently to neutralise the defenders and the artillery bombardment was too short to destroy barbed wire and machine-gun nests. German defensive fortifications and tactics could not be overcome by the British who were still assembling a mass army suitable for Western Front conditions.
Đỗ Tuấn Đức
Đỗ Tuấn Đức (born 6 February 1996) is a Vietnamese badminton player from Hanoi. He was the bronze medalist at the Gimcheon, South Korea 2012 Asian Junior Championships in the mixed doubles event partnered with Lê Thu Huyền. Đỗ won his first BWF Grand Prix title at the 2016 Canada Open with his partner in the mixed doubles Phạm Như Thảo.

Lê Thu Huyền
Lê Thu Huyền (born 2 June 1994) is a Vietnamese badminton player from Hanoi. She won a bronze medal at the 2012 Asian Junior Championships in Gimcheon, South Korea with her partner in mixed doubles Đỗ Tuấn Đức. In the senior international event, she won the 2011 Kenya International in the mixed doubles with Lê Hà Anh, and 2015 Eurasia Bulgaria International in the women's doubles with Phạm Như Thảo.
Persikabo Bogor
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Kabupaten Bogor or Persikabo is a football club based in Cibinong, Bogor Regency. The team is set to compete in Liga 4 West Java Series 2 after six years' absence from the Indonesian football league. Their home stadium is Pakansari Stadium and also used Persikabo Stadium for training facilities.

Persikabo Bogor had their nicknames Laskar Pajajaran and The Pajajaran Panther.

Persikabo 1973
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Kabupaten Bogor 1973, commonly known as Persikabo 1973, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The club set to competes in the Liga 4, the fourth tier of Indonesian football, following withdrawal from the Liga Nusantara in the 2025/26 season.
Ancistrus abilhoai
Ancistrus abilhoai is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iguazu River basin in the state of Paraná in Brazil. The species reaches 10.6 cm (4.2 inches) SL. It was described in 2009 by A. G. Bifi, C. S. Pavanelli, and C. H. Zawadzki, alongside two other species in the genus Ancistrus: A. agostinhoi and A. mullerae.

Ancistrus mullerae
Ancistrus mullerae is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iguazu River basin in the state of Paraná in Brazil. The species reaches 12.5 cm (4.9 inches) SL. It was described in 2009 by A. G. Bifi, C. S. Pavanelli, and C. H. Zawadzki, alongside two other species in the genus Ancistrus from the same river basin: A. abilhoai and A. agostinhoi.
Coal Palace
The Coal Palace was a temporary exhibition center that stood in Ottumwa, Iowa, from 1890 until 1892. It was used most prominently to showcase the local coal mining industry.

During its brief history President Benjamin Harrison and Congressman William McKinley visited the building, but a decline in attendance and nature's toll on the building's exterior ultimately resulted in the building's demolition in 1892.

Ottumwa, Iowa
Ottumwa (/əˈtʌmwə/ ə-TUM-wə) is a city in and the county seat of Wapello County, Iowa, United States. The population was 25,529 at the time of the 2020 U.S. census. Located in the state's southeastern section, the city is split into northern and southern halves by the Des Moines River.

The original town was founded on the former camps of Meskwaki Chiefs Wapello and Appanoose. Ottumwa first developed as an industrious city economically based in farm-equipment manufacturing and meatpacking, those being John Deere and John Morrell & Co. (now JBS) respectively. The city is also home to Indian Hills Community College to provide for higher education. Ottumwa is the center of the Ottumwa Micropolitan Area which includes all of Wapello and Davis counties.
Rie Qudan
Rie Qudan or Rie Kudan (born September 27, 1990, in Saitama, Japan) is a Japanese novelist. In 2024, Qudan won the 170th Akutagawa Prize for her novel Tōkyō-to Dōjō Tō ("Tokyo Sympathy Tower").  She stated that about 5% of the novel was written by artificial intelligence.

Akutagawa Prize
The Akutagawa Prize (芥川龍之介賞, Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Shō) is a Japanese literary award presented semi-annually. Because of its prestige and the considerable attention the winner receives from the media, it is, along with the Naoki Prize, one of Japan's most sought after literary prizes.
Paul Reynolds (RTÉ journalist)
Paul Reynolds is an Irish journalist. As of 2023, he was the crime correspondent for RTÉ News.

Reynolds has been featured on RTÉ News programmes, on both television and radio, since the late 1990s. He joined RTÉ in 1991 at the same time as Mark Little, Rachael English and Sean Whelan. In June 2009, he won the Political and Current Affairs Journalist of The Year at the Irish National Media Awards.

His brother is broadcaster Gerry Reynolds, also of RTÉ.

RTÉ News
RTÉ News and Current Affairs (Irish: Nuacht agus Cúrsaí Reatha RTÉ), also known simply as RTÉ News (Nuacht RTÉ), is the national news service provided by Irish public broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ). Its services include local, national, European and international news, investigative journalism and current affairs programming for RTÉ television, radio, online, podcasts, on-demand and for independent Irish language public broadcaster TG4. It is the largest and most popular news source in Ireland – with 77% of the Irish public regarding it as their main source of Irish and international news. It broadcasts in English, Irish and Irish Sign Language. The organisation is also a source of commentary on current affairs. The division is based at the RTÉ Television Centre in Donnybrook, Dublin; however, the station also operates regional bureaux across Ireland and the world.
Countryfile
Countryfile is a British television programme which airs weekly on BBC One and reports on rural, agricultural, and environmental issues.

The programme is currently presented by John Craven, Adam Henson, Matt Baker, Tom Heap, Ellie Harrison, Paul Martin, Helen Skelton, Charlotte Smith, Steve Brown, Sean Fletcher, Anita Rani and Sammi Kinghorn.

Sean Fletcher
Sean Fletcher (born 20 April 1974) is an American-English journalist, and television presenter best known as a presenter on Good Morning Britain and on Countryfile.

Fletcher has also presented the ITV daytime game show Rebound (2015–2016) and the BBC Sunday morning talk show Sunday Morning Live (2017–present).
Frigyes Karinthy
Frigyes Karinthy (Hungarian: [ˈfriɟɛʃ ˈkɒrinti]; 25 June 1887 – 29 August 1938) was a Hungarian author, playwright, poet, journalist, and translator. He was the first proponent of the six degrees of separation concept, in his 1929 short story, Chains (Láncszemek). Karinthy remains one of the most popular Hungarian writers. He was the brother of artist Ada Karinthy and the father of poet Gábor Karinthy and writer Ferenc Karinthy.

Among the English translations of Karinthy's works are two science fiction novellas that continue the adventures of Swift's character Gulliver. Voyage to Faremido is an early examination of artificial intelligence, with
a pacifist theme, while Capillaria is a polished and darkly humorous satire on the 'battle of the sexes'.

Voyage to Faremido
Voyage to Faremido (Hungarian: Utazás Faremidóba, 1916) is a utopian-satirical novel by Frigyes Karinthy. Written as a further adventure of Lemuel Gulliver of Gulliver's Travels, it recounts the story of a World War I pilot who crashes on a planet of inorganic beings. Their ideal society is contrasted with that of the contemporary world.
Rakesh Gangwal
Rakesh Gangwal (born July 1953) is an Indian-American billionaire businessman. He is the co-founder of IndiGo Airlines alongside Rahul Bhatia. He is the former chief executive officer (CEO) and chairman of US Airways Group. From June 2003 to August 2007, Gangwal was the chairman, president, and chief executive officer of Worldspan Technologies, a provider of travel technology and information services to the travel and transportation industry. From 2002 to 2003, Gangwal was involved in various personal business endeavors, including private equity projects and consulting projects. He was the president and CEO of US Airways Group from 1998 until his resignation in 2001. In November 2024, Gangwal was appointed chair of the Southwest Airlines corporate board until stepping down eight months later.

Southwest Airlines
Southwest Airlines is a major airline in the United States. It is headquartered in the Love Field neighborhood of Dallas, Texas. It is the fourth-largest airline in North America when measured by passengers carried, as of 2024. With its all-Boeing 737 fleet, Southwest serves over 100 destinations in 42 states, Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico, and ten other countries and territories near the southern United States in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea regions: Aruba, the Bahamas, Belize, the Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Jamaica, and Turks and Caicos.

The airline was established on March 9, 1967, by Herb Kelleher and Rollin King as Air Southwest Co. and adopted its current name, Southwest Airlines Co., in 1971, when it began operating as an intrastate airline wholly within the state of Texas, first flying between Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. It began regional interstate service in 1979, expanding nationwide in the following decades.
Angel/Dust Neo
Angel/Dust Neo (エンジェル/ダスト neo, Enjyeru/Dasuto neo) is a Japanese manga created by Aoi Nanase and the sequel to Angel/Dust. In this manga, Aoi Nanase revisits the elements of her earlier manga to craft a new story of the harem genre.  It was originally serialized in Newtype, and the collected volume was released on November 1, 2003.  ADV Manga has licensed this manga for publication in English.  It was also serialized in Newtype USA and the English version of the collected volume was released in January 2007.

Angel/Dust
Angel/Dust (エンジェル/ダスト, Enjyeru/Dasuto) is a Japanese manga by Aoi Nanase.  It was originally serialized in Newtype, and the chapters were collected into a single volume in June 2001.  It has a sequel entitled Angel/Dust Neo.  ADV Manga licensed this manga for release in English, and in 2005 it was serialized in the English version of Newtype.  The English collected volume was released on November 22, 2005.

Angel/Dust tells the story of Yuina Hatori, a liceal student who desires to conduct a normal life, without make troubles to others. But, one day, she has an unexpected meeting with a particular creature. They then merge and try to catch "the black winged one," Lucifer.
G&S 27
The G&S 27 is an American sailboat that was designed by Graham & Schlageter as a Midget Ocean Racing Club (MORC) racer and first built in 1986.

The boat is very similar to the Mariah 27, also designed by Graham & Schlageter in 1986.

Mariah 27
The Mariah 27 is an American sailboat that was designed by Graham & Schlageter as a Midget Ocean Racing Club (MORC) racer and first built in 1986.

The design is very similar to the G&S 27, which was designed the same year by Graham & Schlageter.
Koide, Niigata
Koide (小出町, Koide-machi) was a town located in Kitauonuma District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. It is famous for its snowy ski resort.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 12,735 and a density of 423.93 persons per km2. The total area was 30.04 km2.

On November 1, 2004, Koide, along with the town of Horinouchi, and the villages of Hirokami, Irihirose, Sumon and Yunotani (all from Kitauonuma District), was merged to create the city of Uonuma.

Yunotani, Niigata
Yunotani (湯之谷村, Yunotani-mura) was a village located in Kitauonuma District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 6,433 and a density of 18.38 persons per km2. The total area was 350.08 km2.

On November 1, 2004, Yunotani, along with the towns of Horinouchi and Koide, and the villages of Hirokami, Irihirose and Sumon (all from Kitauonuma District), was merged to create the city of Uonuma.