hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Émile Reynaud
Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the praxinoscope (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the zoetrope) and was responsible for the first projected animated films. His Pantomimes Lumineuses
premiered on 28 October 1892 in Paris. His Théâtre Optique film system, patented in 1888, is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. The performances predated Auguste and Louis Lumière's first paid public screening of the cinematographe on 26 December 1895, often seen as the birth of cinema.

Praxinoscope
The praxinoscope is an animation device, the successor to the zoetrope. It was invented in France in 1877 by Charles-Émile Reynaud. Like the zoetrope, it uses a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder. The praxinoscope improved on the zoetrope by replacing its narrow viewing slits with an inner circle of mirrors, placed so that the reflections of the pictures appeared more or less stationary in position as the wheel turned.  Someone looking in the mirrors can, therefore, see a rapid succession of images producing the illusion of motion, with a brighter and less distorted picture than the zoetrope offered.
Edward Gardner (conductor)
Edward Gardner OBE (born 22 November 1974) is an English conductor. While still studying at the Royal Academy of Music in the late 1990s, he began his professional career as a choral conductor and repetiteur. Among other early posts, he was music director of Glyndebourne on Tour from 2004 to 2007. Gardner was music director of English National Opera from 2007 to 2015. From 2010 to 2016, he was principal guest conductor of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, and since 2013, he has been principal guest conductor of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Since 2021, he has been principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2022, he also became artistic advisor of the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, where he is scheduled to become the music director in 2024.

Norwegian National Opera and Ballet
The Norwegian National Opera and Ballet (Norwegian: Den Norske Opera & Ballett) is a Norwegian opera company and ballet company. The first fully professional company each for opera and ballet in Norway and the only such professional organisation in the country, it is currently resident at the Oslo Opera House, since the spring of 2008.
Bury Bar Frame locomotive
The Bury Bar Frame locomotive was an early type of steam locomotive, developed at the Liverpool works of Edward Bury and Company, later named Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy in 1842. By the 1830s, the railway locomotive had evolved into three basic types - those developed by Robert Stephenson, Timothy Hackworth and Edward Bury.

Bury, Curtis and Kennedy
Bury, Curtis and Kennedy was a steam locomotive manufacturer in Liverpool, England.

Edward Bury established the works in 1826, under the name Edward Bury and Company. He employed James Kennedy as foreman; Kennedy later became a partner. About 1828, the firm moved to bigger premises in Love Lane, Liverpool, known as the Clarence Foundry.
2005 Likud leadership election
A leadership election was held by Likud on 19 December 2005. Former Prime Minister and party leader Benjamin Netanyahu defeated Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Silvan Shalom, as well as candidates Moshe Feiglin and Israel Katz.

Likud's previous leader, Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, initially sought re-election as party leader, and was challenged by Netanyahu and Uzi Landau over Sharon's planned disengagement from the Gaza Strip. In November 2005, Sharon left Likud to form Kadima, after which Silvan Shalom, Moshe Feiglin, Israel Katz, and Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz announced their own bids for the leadership. Mofaz and Landau withdrew from the race in December, with Landau endorsing Netanyahu and Mofaz leaving Likud and joining Kadima.

Several months after Netanyahu's victory, Likud lost decisively in the 2006 Knesset election. The party later returned to power in 2009.

Silvan Shalom
Zion Silvan Shalom (Hebrew: ציון סילבן שלום; born 4 August 1958) is an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Likud between 1992 and 2015. He held several prominent ministerial positions, including Vice Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior. He resigned on 24 December 2015 following allegations of sexual harassment. Later on, the Attorney-General closed this investigation and said these claims were unsubstantiated.
Arthur B. Krim
Arthur Brian Krim (April 4, 1910 – September 21, 1994) was an American entertainment lawyer, the former finance chairman for the U.S. Democratic Party, an adviser to President Lyndon Johnson and the former chairman of Eagle-Lion Films (1945–1950), United Artists (1950–1978), and Orion Pictures (1978–1994). His more than four decades as a movie studio head is one of the longest in Hollywood history.

Eagle-Lion Films
Eagle-Lion Films was the name of two distinct, though related, companies. In 1944, UK film magnate J. Arthur Rank created an American distribution company with the name to handle his British films. The following year, under a reciprocal distribution arrangement with Rank, the U.S. company Pathé Industries, which already owned the small Producers Releasing Corporation (PRC) studio, established an Eagle-Lion Films production subsidiary, while Rank's American business dropped the name. PRC, with its existing distribution exchanges, handled releases in the U.S. When PRC shut down in 1948, its distribution exchanges were assumed by Eagle-Lion Films. In 1950, Pathé merged Eagle-Lion with an independent reissues distributor, Film Classics, to create Eagle-Lion Classics. The latter was acquired by and merged into United Artists a year later. Rank also released films in the United Kingdom through Eagle-Lion Distributors Limited.
Tennessee State Route 190
State Route 190 (SR 190) is a 55.3-mile-long (89.0 km) north–south state highway that traverses the farmland of West Tennessee. It connects Trezevant and South Fulton via Pillowville, Gleason, Palmersville, and Latham.

Palmersville, Tennessee
Palmersville is a small unincorporated community in northeastern Weakley County, Tennessee, United States. It has a post office, with ZIP code 38241. The United States Census Bureau does not maintain demographic data for Palmersville. Palmersville is located at the intersection of state routes 89 and 190.

Palmersville is within the 8th Congressional district, represented in the U.S. House by Republican David Kustoff.
My Father, the Ape and I
My Father, the Ape and I (German: Mein Vater, der Affe und ich) is a 1971 Austrian-West German comedy film directed by Franz Antel and starring Gerhart Lippert, Mascha Gonska, Paul Löwinger.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Nino Borghi.

Paul Löwinger
Paul Löwinger (10 November 1904 – 17 December 1988) was an Austrian actor, theatre manager and writer.
While still a child, he performed on his parents' stage, the Löwinger Bühne. In 1938, they were probably the first theatre ensemble which performed in front of television cameras. The same year he married Liesl Meinhard. The couple had three children: Guggi Löwinger, Sissy Löwinger and Paul Löwinger. He took over the Löwinger Bühne in 1947. Löwinger wrote numerous comedies and well known plays. His plays were often broadcast on television. He also took part in numerous German and Austrian films, such as "Zyankali" (1947) or "Kaiserball" (1956) and became internationally popular.  His daughter Sissy managed the family-owned theatre until her death on 25 September 2011. Löwinger was buried (like his wife) at the Wiener Zentralfriedhof.
Vernon Corea
Vernon Corea (11 September 1927 – 23 September 2002) was a pioneer radio broadcaster with 45 years of public service broadcasting both in Sri Lanka and the UK. He joined Radio Ceylon, South Asia's oldest radio station, in 1956 and later the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation. During his time he presented some of the most popular radio shows in South Asia, including The Maliban Show, Dial-a-Disc, Holiday Choice, Two For the Money, Take It Or Leave It, Saturday Stars, To Each His Own, Kiddies Corner, and Old Folks at Home. He was well known not only in Sri Lanka, but right across the Indian Sub-Continent from the late 1950s to the 1970s – this was in the heyday of Radio Ceylon, the oldest radio station in South Asia.

Radio Ceylon
Radio Ceylon (Sinhala: ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සේවය Lanka Guwan Viduli Sevaya, Tamil: இலங்கை வானொலி, ilankai vanoli) is a radio station based in Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon) and the first radio station in Asia. Broadcasting was started on an experimental basis by the colonial Telegraph Department in 1923, just four years after the inauguration of broadcasting in Europe (the first European broadcasting radio station started on 6 November 1919 in The Hague, The Netherlands; it was operated by the Dutch Hans Henricus Schotanus à Steringa Idzerda).
Marie Louise Marcadet
Marie Louise Marcadet née Baptiste (3 December 1758 – 28 February 1804) was a Swedish opera singer and a dramatic stage actress of French origin. She was active in the Royal Swedish Opera as a singer, and in the Royal Dramatic Theatre and the French Theater of Gustav III as an actress.  She was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music from 1795.

Anne Marie Milan Desguillons
Anne Marie Milan Desguillons née Milan (8 May 1753–28 July 1829) was a French stage actress.  She was active in the French Theater of Gustav III in Sweden in 1781-92, and principal of the Royal Dramatic Training Academy jointly with Joseph Sauze Desguillons 1793-98.
Ľubomír Višňovský
Ľubomír Višňovský (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈʎubɔmiːr ˈʋiʂɲɔwskiː]; born 11 August 1976) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey defenceman. He began and finished his professional career with HC Slovan Bratislava. He played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Los Angeles Kings, Edmonton Oilers, Anaheim Ducks, and New York Islanders.

HC Slovan Bratislava
Hockey Club Slovan Bratislava (Slovak: Hokejový klub Slovan Bratislava) is a professional ice hockey club based in Bratislava, Slovakia. In 2012, it left the Slovak Extraliga and joined the international Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). In 2019, it returned to the Tipos Extraliga. The club has won nine Slovak championships (most recently in 2022), one Czechoslovak championship (1979) and one IIHF Continental Cup (2004), making it the second most successful hockey club in Slovak history after their biggest rival HC Košice. The team plays its home games at Ondrej Nepela Arena, also known as Slovnaft Arena. The team is nicknamed Belasí, which means the "sky blues" in English.
Codex Digital
Codex Digital is a company that creates digital production workflow tools for motion pictures, commercials, independent films, and TV productions.

Codex products include recorders and media processing systems, as well as tools for color, dailies creation, archiving, review and digital asset management.

Codex is based in London, UK, with offices in Los Angeles, CA and Wellington, NZ.

In April, 2019, Codex was acquired by PIX System - designer of the PIX app for online collaboration and based in San Francisco, California.

Arri Alexa
The Arri Alexa is a digital motion picture camera system developed by Arri. The Arri Alexa was introduced in April 2010 and was Arri's first major transition into digital cinematography, after previous efforts including the Arriflex D-20 and D-21.

Alexa cameras are designed to be used in feature films, television shows and commercials. Alexa uses the ALEV series of image sensors manufactured by ON Semiconductor.
Northeastern Catholic District School Board
The Northeastern Catholic District School Board (NCDSB, known as English-language Separate District School Board No. 30A prior to 1999) is a separate (Catholic) school board in the Canadian province of Ontario, with jurisdiction for the operation of schools in Cochrane and Timiskaming Districts.

Northeastern Catholic District School Board is located in Northeastern Ontario and covers a vast area. The board is responsible for providing Catholic education, and its 13 schools serve the communities of Cobalt, Cochrane, Englehart, Iroquois Falls, Kapuskasing, Kirkland Lake, Moosonee, New Liskeard, South Porcupine and Timmins.  Its head office is located in Timmins, the largest city in the district, and the site of the only high school in the board.

Kapuskasing
Kapuskasing (/ˌkæpəsˈkeɪsɪŋ/ KAP-əss-KAY-sing) is a town on the Kapuskasing River in the Cochrane District of Northern Ontario, Canada, approximately 92 kilometres (57 mi) east of Hearst and 130 kilometres (81 mi) northwest of Timmins. The town was known as MacPherson until 1917.
Good Riddance (film)
Good Riddance (French: Les Bons débarras) is a 1980 French-language Canadian drama film. Directed by Francis Mankiewicz and written by Réjean Ducharme, the film concerns Manon (Charlotte Laurier), an unstable young girl who lives with her mother Michelle (Marie Tifo) and her alcoholic and intellectually disabled uncle Ti-Guy (Germain Houde).

Starting as the first screenplay by the novelist Ducharme, the film was shot by Mankiewicz and cinematographer Michel Brault on a low budget. It debuted at the Berlin International Film Festival and won several Genie Awards, including Best Motion Picture. It was established as a classic Canadian film, with the Toronto International Film Festival repeatedly placing it in the Top 10 Canadian Films of All Time. The film was selected as the Canadian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 53rd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Michel Brault
Michel Brault, OQ (25 June 1928 – 21 September 2013) was a Canadian cinematographer, cameraman, film director, screenwriter, and film producer. He was a leading figure of Direct Cinema, characteristic of the French branch of the National Film Board of Canada in the 1960s. Brault was a pioneer of the hand-held camera aesthetic.
Guardians of the Cedars
The Guardians of the Cedars (GoC; Arabic: حراس الأرز; Ḥurrās al-Arz) was a Lebanese nationalist party and former militia in Lebanon. It was formed by Étienne Saqr (also known with the kunya "Abu Arz" or "Father of the Cedars") and others along with the Lebanese Renewal Party in the early 1970s. It operated in the Lebanese Civil War under the slogan: Lebanon, at your service. The militia was explicitly anti-Palestinian, and gained a reputation for brutality against Palestinian fighters.

Lebanese Forces (militia)
The Lebanese Forces (Arabic: القوات اللبنانية, romanized: al-Quwwāt al-Lubnāniyya) was the main Lebanese Christian faction during the Lebanese Civil War. Resembling the Lebanese Front, which was an umbrella organization for different parties, the Lebanese Forces was a militia that integrated fighters originating from the different Christian right-wing paramilitary groups, the largest of which was the Kataeb Party's militia. It was mainly staffed by Maronites and  Christians of other denominations loyal to Bachir Gemayel, and fought against the Lebanese National Movement, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Syrian Armed Forces among others. The group gained infamy for their perpetration of the 1982 Sabra and Shatila massacre, which primarily targeted Palestinian refugees following Bachir Gemayel's assassination.
Leopoldo Romañach
Leopoldo Romañach y Guillen (1862–1951) was a Cuban painter and educator.

He was born in Sierra Morena, Corralillo, in the province of Las Villas, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire (now Cuba).

Romañach was a professor of color theory at Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes San Alejandro, and won a number of awards. The Republic of Cuba granted him in 1950 the Great Cross of the National Order of Merit of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes.

Pastor Argudín Pedroso, Amelia Peláez, Lesbia Vent Dumois, Jesus Castellanos, and Víctor Manuel García Valdés were among his students. The school, "Escuela Provincial de Artes Plásticas Leopoldo Romañach” in Santa Clara, Las Villas, Cuba was named after him.

Pastor Argudín Pedroso
Pastor Argudín Pedroso (1880 – 1968), also known as Pastor Argudín Y Pedroso, was a Cuban portrait and genre painter, and teacher. He was internationally exhibited and was awarded the Order of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes by the Republic of Cuba, for his artistic merit.
Burhan Belge
Burhan Belge (1 February 1899 – 12 January 1967) was a Turkish politician and diplomat, who was a prominent figure among the young intellectuals during the early periods of Republic of Turkey and served as the representative of Muğla province during the 11th term of the Turkish National Assembly. He was a regular contributor to Kadro, a left-wing journal dedicated to "discussions on ideology and economic-development strategy." In the 1950s he began to write for the Democrat Party newspaper Zafer.

He is the father of prominent Turkish intellectual Murat Belge and the first husband of actress Zsa Zsa Gabor (from May 1935 to December 1941), whom he met in Hungary while serving as Ambassador of Turkey to Budapest. Gabor was 18 years old when they married and they did not have any children together. He was also a brother-in-law of Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu.

Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu
Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu (also rendered Yakub Kadri; pronounced [jaːˈkup kadˈɾi kaˈɾaosmanoːɫu]; 27 March 1889 – 13 December 1974) was a Turkish novelist, journalist, diplomat, and member of parliament.
Frank Finlay
Francis Finlay (6 August 1926 – 30 January 2016) was an English actor. He earned an Academy Award nomination for his performance as Iago in Othello (1965). His first leading television role came in 1971 in Casanova. This led to appearances on The Morecambe and Wise Show. Finlay starred alongside famous Italian actress Stefania Sandrelli in Tinto Brass' The Key, the most successful Italian film of the 1983–1984 season. He also appeared in the drama Bouquet of Barbed Wire. A four-time BAFTA nominee, Finlay won one for his television performances in 1974.

Bouquet of Barbed Wire
Bouquet of Barbed Wire is a British television drama series based on the novel by Andrea Newman published in 1969. It was produced by London Weekend Television for ITV and first broadcast in 1976. The series is known for its treatment of family and sexual dynamics, focused on the relationship between father and daughter. A remake was broadcast in 2010.
Open government
Open government is the governing doctrine which maintains that citizens have the right to access the documents and proceedings of the government to allow for effective public oversight. In its broadest construction, it opposes reason of state and other considerations which have tended to legitimize extensive state secrecy. The origins of open-government arguments can be dated to the time of the European Age of Enlightenment, when philosophers debated the proper construction of a then nascent democratic society. It is also increasingly being associated with the concept of democratic reform. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 16, for example, advocates for public access to information as a criterion for ensuring accountable and inclusive institutions.

Open Government Partnership
The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is a multilateral initiative aimed at securing commitments from national and sub-national governments to promote open government, combat corruption, and improve governance. The OGP is managed by a steering committee that includes representatives from governments and from civil society organizations.
2020 Milwaukee mayoral election
The 2020 Milwaukee mayoral election was held on Tuesday, April 7, 2020, concurrent with Wisconsin's Spring general election and presidential preference primary.  Incumbent mayor Tom Barrett won his fifth four-year term as mayor of Milwaukee, receiving 62% of the vote against state senator Lena Taylor.

Municipal elections in Wisconsin are non-partisan, but both general election candidates in this case were members of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin.  A non-partisan primary was held on Tuesday, February 18, 2020, in which the top two vote-getters advanced to the April general election.

This election was also significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin.

Tom Barrett (Wisconsin politician)
Thomas Mark Barrett (born December 8, 1953) is an American diplomat and politician who served as the United States ambassador to Luxembourg from 2022 to 2025. He previously served as the 44th mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin from 2004 until 2021.

A member of the Democratic Party, he was previously elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly (1984–1989), Wisconsin Senate (1989–1993) and U.S. House of Representatives (1993–2003). On April 6, 2004, Milwaukee elected Tom Barrett as its 40th mayor. He won reelection as mayor in 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2020. After having unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for governor of Wisconsin in 2002, Barrett was the party's nominee for governor in both 2010 and 2012, losing both elections to Scott Walker. When he left office as mayor, Barrett was the longest-serving current mayor of one of the 50 largest cities in the United States.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 18th Suffolk district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 18th Suffolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Boston in Suffolk County and part of Brookline in Norfolk County. Since 2005, Michael J. Moran of the Democratic Party has represented the district.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Middlesex and Norfolk district, Middlesex and Suffolk district, and 2nd Suffolk and Middlesex district.

Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Suffolk and Middlesex district
Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Suffolk and Middlesex district in the United States is one of 40 legislative districts of the Massachusetts Senate. It covers 3.8% of Middlesex County and 15.9% of Suffolk County population in 2010. Democrat Will Brownsberger of Belmont has represented the district since 2012.
Richard T. Crowder
Richard Thomas Crowder (August 3, 1939 – May 30, 2024) was an American government official and academic who served as Chief Agricultural Negotiator in the Office of the United States Trade Representative and Under Secretary of Agriculture for International Affairs and Commodity Programs.

Chief Agricultural Negotiator
The Chief Agricultural Negotiator is an ambassador of the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) responsible for conducting and overseeing international negotiations related to trade in agricultural products. The Chief Agricultural Negotiator is compensated at the rate payable for Level III of the Executive Schedule.
Patriot (TV series)
Patriot is an American comedy-drama television series created by Steven Conrad. It premiered on November 5, 2015, on Amazon Prime Video, with the remaining first-season episodes released on February 23, 2017. It stars Michael Dorman, Kurtwood Smith, Michael Chernus, Kathleen Munroe, Aliette Opheim, Chris Conrad, Terry O'Quinn and Debra Winger. In April 2017, Amazon announced that it had renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on November 9, 2018. In July 2019, Amazon announced that it had no plans for a third season.

Terry O'Quinn
Terrance Quinn (born July 15, 1952), known professionally as Terry O'Quinn, is an American actor. He won a Primetime Emmy Award for his performance as John Locke on the TV series Lost (2004–2010). In film, he also played the title role in The Stepfather (1987) and Howard Hughes in The Rocketeer (1991) with roles in other films such as Heaven's Gate (1980), Silver Bullet (1985), Young Guns (1988), Blind Fury (1989), Tombstone (1993) and Primal Fear (1996).

Other prominent television roles include Peter Watts in Millennium (1996–1999), FBI Asst. Director Kendall in Alias (2002–2004), Commander Joe White in Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2018), and Tom Tavner in Patriot (2015–2018).