hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Director General of the Foreign Service
The director general of the Foreign Service is the designated manager of the United States Foreign Service.

The director general is a current or former Foreign Service officer, appointed by the president, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. Since November 23, 1975, under a departmental administrative action, the director general has concurrently held the title of Director of the Bureau of Global Talent Management. As the head of the human resources bureau, the director general holds a rank equivalent to an assistant secretary of state and reports to the under secretary of state for management.

United States Assistant Secretary of State
Assistant Secretary of State (A/S) is a title used for many executive positions in the United States Department of State, ranking below the under secretaries. A set of six assistant secretaries reporting to the under secretary of state for political affairs manage diplomatic missions within their designated geographic regions, plus one assistant secretary dealing with international organizations and one equivalent as the coordinator/ambassador at large for counterterrorism. Assistant secretaries usually manage individual bureaus of the Department of State. When the manager of a bureau or another agency holds a title other than assistant secretary, such as "director," it can be said to be of "assistant secretary equivalent rank." Assistant secretaries typically have a set of deputies, referred to as deputy assistant secretaries (DAS).
Higher Technical School of Computer Engineering at UNED
The Higher School of Computer Engineering at UNED (Spanish: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, National University of Distance Education) is an institute of higher education in Spain, with an extensive network of collaborating institutions, that teaches and issues degrees in Computer Science Engineering, Computer Systems Engineer and Business Computing Engineering, as well as bachelors, masters and PhDs.

National University of Distance Education
The National University of Distance Education (Spanish: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED) is a distance learning and research university founded in 1972 and is the only university run by the government of Spain. The headquarters is located in Madrid, with campuses in all Spanish autonomous communities. There are 14 study centers and 3 exam points in 13 countries in Europe, the Americas and Africa. The University awards undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, as well as non-degree qualifications such as diplomas and certificates, or continuing education units.

UNED is focused on distance learning combined with traditional classroom instruction (called hybrid or blended) and supports over 150,000 students.
Russell Targ
Russell Targ (born April 11, 1934) is an American physicist, parapsychologist, and author.

Targ joined Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in 1972, where he and Harold E. Puthoff coined the term "remote viewing" for the practice of seeking impressions about a distant or unseen target using parapsychological means. Later, he worked with Puthoff on the US Defense Intelligence Agency's Stargate Project.

Targ's work on remote viewing has been characterized as pseudoscience and has also been criticized for lack of rigor.

Ingo Swann
Ingo Douglass Swann (September 14, 1933 – January 31, 2013) was an American psychic, artist, and author, whose claims of clairvoyance were investigated as a part of the Central Intelligence Agency’s Stargate Project. Swann is credited as the creator of the term “Remote Viewing," a term which refers to the use of extrasensory perception to perceive distant persons, places, or events.
Mamie Odessa Hale
Mamie Odessa Hale (November 19, 1910 – July 10, 1979) was a leader in public health and a midwife consultant who worked in Arkansas for the Department of Health from 1945 to 1950.  During this time, Hale's objective was to educate and train 'granny midwives.' (These women managed the medical side of pregnancies and assisted in delivery. They also were the ones who completed birth certificates for new born babies.) Her efforts were in place to address the public health disparity between black and white women that was currently evident.

Midwives in the United States
Midwives in the United States assist childbearing women during pregnancy, labor and birth, and the postpartum period. Some midwives also provide primary care for women including well-woman exams, health promotion, and disease prevention, family planning options, and care for common gynecological concerns. Before the turn of the 20th century, traditional midwives were informally trained and helped deliver almost all births. Today, midwives are professionals who must undergo formal training.  Midwives in the United States formed the Midwifery Education, Regulation, and Association (US-MERA) task force to establish a framework for midwifery.
Friday Jumbe
Friday Anderson Jumbe (born 4 April 1955) is a Malawian economist and politician who served in the government of Malawi as Minister of Finance and Economic Planning under President Bakili Muluzi, representing the United Democratic Front.

Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs (Malawi)
The Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs is a minister in the Cabinet of Malawi who is responsible for the financial management of government affairs, including attending national budget, and developing economic policy. The current minister is Joseph Mwanamveka.
Bangarra Dance Theatre
Bangarra Dance Theatre is an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander dance company focused on contemporary dance. It was founded by African American dancer and choreographer Carole Y. Johnson, Gumbaynggirr man Rob Bryant, and South African-born Cheryl Stone. Bangarra (pronounced bungurra) means "to make fire" in the Wiradjuri language.

Stephen Page was artistic director from 1991 to 2021, with Frances Rings taking over in 2022. The company has received many Helpmann Awards as well as other accolades. To date (2024), Bennelong (2017) and Dark Emu  (2018) have been Bangarra's most successful works, playing to huge audiences around the country.

National Black Theatre (Australia)
The National Black Theatre (NBT) was a theatre company run by a small group of Aboriginal people based in the Sydney suburb of Redfern which operated from 1972 to 1977. The original concept for the theatre grew out of political struggles, especially the land rights demonstrations, which at the time were being organised by the Black Moratorium Committee. The centre held workshops in modern dancing, tribal dancing, writing for theatre, karate and photography, and provided a venue for new Aboriginal drama. It also ran drama classes under Brian Syron, whose students included Jack Davis, Freddie Reynolds, Maureen Watson, Lillian Crombie, and Hyllus Maris.

The company ran the Black Theatre Arts and Culture Centre from 1974 to 1977.
Krapkowice County
Krapkowice County (Polish: powiat krapkowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Krapkowice, which lies 23 kilometres (14 mi) south of the regional capital Opole. The county also contains the towns of Zdzieszowice, lying 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Krapkowice, and Gogolin, 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Krapkowice.

The county covers an area of 442.35 square kilometres (170.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,926, out of which the population of Krapkowice is 16,301, that of Zdzieszowice is 11,445, that of Gogolin is 6,682, and the rural population is 29,429.

Zdzieszowice
Zdzieszowice ([zd͡ʑɛʂɔˈvit͡sɛ]; German: Deschowitz, 1936–1945: Odertal O.S.; Silesian: Źdźyszowicy) is a town in Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, with 11,445 inhabitants (2019).
Pseudorhabdosynochus justinei
Pseudorhabdosynochus justinei is a species of diplectanid monogenean that is parasitic on the gills of the longfin grouper Epinephelus quoyanus. It was described in 2007 by Binjian Zeng and Tingbao Yang from material from the South China Sea, and redescribed in 2009 by Justine, Dupoux & Cribb from material from off Queensland, Australia.

Jean-Lou Justine
Jean-Lou Justine (born 1955), French parasitologist and zoologist, is a professor at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, France, and a specialist of fish parasites and invasive land planarians.
Thermal insulation
Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials.

Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body.

The insulating capability of a material is measured as the inverse of thermal conductivity (k). Low thermal conductivity is equivalent to high insulating capability (resistance value). In thermal engineering, other important properties of insulating materials are product density (ρ) and specific heat capacity (c).

Aerogel
Aerogels are a class of synthetic porous ultralight material derived from a gel, in which the liquid component for the gel has been replaced with a gas, without significant collapse of the gel structure. The result is a solid with extremely low density and extremely low thermal conductivity. Aerogels can be made from a variety of chemical compounds. Silica aerogels feel like fragile styrofoam to the touch, while some polymer-based aerogels feel like rigid foams.

Aerogels are produced by extracting the liquid component of a gel through supercritical drying or freeze-drying. This allows the liquid to be slowly dried off without causing the solid matrix in the gel to collapse from capillary action, as would happen with conventional evaporation. The first aerogels were produced from silica gels. Kistler's later work involved aerogels based on alumina, chromia, and tin dioxide. Carbon aerogels were first developed in the late 1980s.
Chuck Wein
Chuck Wein (March 24, 1939 – March 18, 2008) was an American promoter and manager of entertainment acts whose celebrity stemmed from his five-year (1964–1969) association with Andy Warhol and from his discovery of Edie Sedgwick who became a Warhol superstar of 1965. He was also a film director.

Warhol superstars
Warhol superstars were a clique of New York City personalities promoted by Andy Warhol during the 1960s and 1970s. They spent time with Warhol at his studio the Factory, appeared in his films, and accompanied him in public around New York. They were known for casual sex, public nudity, and flaunting homosexuality. They came to symbolize the sexual revolution of the time.
Burra, Shetland
Burra (Old Norse: Barrey) is the collective name for two of the Shetland Islands, West (pop. 753) and East Burra (pop. 66), which are connected by bridge to one another, and  to the Shetland Mainland via Trondra.

In addition, Burra was an ancient Civil parish that included smaller additional islands such as South Havra, Little Havra, Papa and the tidal island  West Head of Papa. The civil parish of Burra was merged into the civil parish of Lerwick, along with Quarff and Gulberwick, in 1891. It continues to exist as Quoad sacra parish of the Church of Scotland.

The form used in the Orkneyinga saga is "Barrey". Collins Encyclopedia of Scotland suggests that the name is a corruption of Borgarey meaning "island of the broch". The place name Brough, on West Burra lends some support to this case and a nearby hillock may have been a broch from which stones were removed to build the pier at Scalloway.

Papa, Shetland
Papa (Scots: Papa; Old Norse: Papey, meaning "the island of the priests") is an uninhabited island in the Scalloway Islands, Shetland, Scotland.

Papa lies north west of Burra and east of Oxna in the Shetland Islands. The population was 20 in 1871, 14 in 1881 and 23 in 1891. The last residents left between 1891 and 1930. Most habitation was on the eastern end of the island, the peninsula East Head of Papa. A beached loch and a low area divide the island nearly into three separate parts.
Monte Carasso
Monte Carasso is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.

The Swiss Heritage Society chose Monte Carasso for the 1993 Wakker Prize.

Pianezzo
Pianezzo is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
Jelena Janković
Jelena Janković (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, Serbian pronunciation: [jělena jǎːŋkoʋitɕ]; born 28 February 1985) is a Serbian former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 18 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2008. Janković won 15 WTA Tour-level singles titles and two doubles titles, including the 2007 Wimbledon mixed-doubles title partnering Jamie Murray. Her career-best major performance in singles was a runner-up finish at the 2008 US Open.

2013 Family Circle Cup
The 2013 Family Circle Cup was a women's tennis event in the 2013 WTA Tour. It took place from March 30 to April 7, 2013. It was the 41st edition of the tournament and a Premier level tournament. The event was hosted at the Family Circle Tennis Center, on Daniel Island, Charleston, United States. It was the only event of the clay courts season played on green clay. First-seeded Serena Williams won the singles title
Tibia
The tibia (/ˈtɪbiə/; pl.: tibiae /ˈtɪbii/ or tibias), also known as the shinbone, shankbone or simply the shin, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outside of the tibia); it connects the knee with the ankle. The tibia is found on the medial side of the leg next to the fibula and closer to the median plane. The tibia is connected to the fibula by the interosseous membrane of leg, forming a type of fibrous joint called a syndesmosis with very little movement. The tibia is named for the flute tibia. It is the second largest bone in the human body, after the femur. The leg bones are the strongest long bones as they support the rest of the body.

Leg bone
Leg bones are the bones found in the leg. These can include the following:

Femur – The bone in the thigh.

Patella – The knee cap

Tibia – The shin bone, the larger of the two leg bones located below the knee cap

Fibula – The smaller of the two leg bones located below the patella
Integrated device manufacturer
An integrated device manufacturer (IDM) is a semiconductor company which designs, manufactures, and sells integrated circuit (IC) products.

IDM is often used to refer to a company which handles semiconductor manufacturing in-house, compared to a fabless semiconductor company, which outsources production to a third-party semiconductor fabrication plant.

Examples of IDMs are Intel, Samsung, Texas Instruments, Infineon and STMicroelectronics. Fabless companies include AMD, Nvidia, Qualcomm, and Zhaoxin, and examples of pure play foundries are GlobalFoundries, TSMC, and UMC.

Due to the dynamic nature of the semiconductor industry, the term IDM has become less accurate than when it was coined.

Fabless manufacturing
Fabless manufacturing is the design and sale of hardware devices and semiconductor chips while outsourcing their fabrication (or fab) to a specialized manufacturer called a semiconductor foundry. These foundries are typically, but not exclusively, located in mainland China and Taiwan. Fabless companies can benefit from lower capital costs while concentrating their research and development resources on the end market. Some fabless companies and pure play foundries (like TSMC) may offer integrated-circuit design services to third parties.
Cooking Mama: Cook Off
Cooking Mama: Cook Off is a video game for the Wii developed by Office Create and published by Taito in Japan, Majesco Entertainment in North America, and 505 Games in Europe and Australia. It is a spin off of the Nintendo DS game Cooking Mama. The game was released in Japan on February 8, 2007 and in North America on March 20, 2007. In Europe (other than in Germany), it was released on May 11, 2007, with an Australian release closely following on May 18, 2007. The Wii sequel to this game, Cooking Mama: World Kitchen was released in the US in November 2008.

Cooking Mama Limited
Cooking Mama Limited is a Japanese developer of video games. Most of their games were unreleased outside Japan and received no particular critical or commercial attention - notable exceptions to this are Cooking Mama for the Nintendo DS and iOS, and Cooking Mama: Cook Off for the Wii of the Cooking Mama series.

Originally known as Office Create, the company changed its name to Cooking Mama Limited as a positive response to its unanticipated success in the series, which has sold over four million units worldwide as of May 2009.
A Sunburnt Christmas
A Sunburnt Christmas is a 2020 Australian Christmas film, made as a Stan original. Directed by Christiaan Van Vuuren on his feature-length debut, from a script by Elliot Vella, Gretel Vella, and Timothy Walker, the film stars Daniel Henshall, Sullivan Stapleton, and Tatiana Goode.

South Australian Film Corporation
South Australian Film Corporation (SAFC) is a South Australian Government statutory corporation established in 1972 to engage in film production and promote the film industry, located in Adelaide, South Australia. The Adelaide Studios are managed by the South Australian Film Corporation for the use of the South Australian film industry.
Alvarez Guitars
Alvarez is a guitar brand founded in 1965 by the owner and distributor St. Louis Music. It manufactures steel-strings, classical guitars, ukuleles; for a time, it did also solid and hollow-body electric guitars and basses.

St. Louis Music
St. Louis Music (SLM) is a manufacturer and distributor of musical instruments, accessories, and equipment. SLM distributes products from over 260 music products industry brands, is the corporate owner of several string- and brass-instruments brands, and is the producer and exclusive worldwide distributor of Alvarez and Alvarez-Yairi guitars.
Wojciech of Bogoria and Żminogród
Wojciech of Bogoria and Żminogród (Polish: Wojciech z Bogorii i Żminogrodu, died ca. 1316) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), member of the Bogoriowie family of the Bogorya Coat of Arms. He was son of Piotr of Bogoria and Skotnik.

Wojciech was voivode of the Sandomierz Voivodship from 1306 to 1316.

Bogoria family
The Bogoria was a family of Polish knights. The family originated from Bogoria in Lesser Poland. The first information about the family dates back to the 12th century. In the 14th century the family got the greatest importance.
Burano (building)
Burano is a 50-storey, 163-metre-tall (535 ft) residential high-rise condominium complex on Bay Street between Grenville St. and Grosvenor St. in the Discovery District of Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The redevelopment of the site was part of a period of urban renewal of the Toronto financial district in the early 21st century. Toronto City Planning stated that the Burano has "significantly contributed to the improvement of the streetscape and the public realm."

ArchitectsAlliance
architectsAlliance is a Toronto-based architectural firm headed by architect Peter Clewes. It was formed in 1999 with the merger of Wallman Clewes Bergman (composed of Rudy Wallman, Peter Clewes and Ralph Bergman) and Van Nostrand DiCastri Architects.
1976 Glenbrook rail accident
On 16 January 1976, a New South Wales 46 locomotive collided with the rear carriage of a New South Wales V set commuter train at Glenbrook, killing one person onboard and injuring ten others. The collision occurred when the V set broke down and had transmitted a wrong-side signal, subsequently leading to the locomotive colliding with the train.

Glenbrook, New South Wales
Glenbrook is a township of the Lower Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 63 kilometres (39 mi) west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Blue Mountains. As of the 2021 Australian census Glenbrook had a population of 5,078 people.

Glenbrook lies between Lapstone and Blaxland at an elevation of 163 metres (535 feet) and is approximately a 50-minute drive from Sydney. It is home to many cafes and boutiques, while offering various tourist attractions, including weekend markets, recreational opportunities and native flora and fauna.

The town takes its name from Glenbrook Creek, which is on the southern side of the village and must be crossed to enter parts of the Blue Mountains National Park. Glenbrook retains many historical homes and buildings throughout the village, although most of these are occupied and not open to the public.
Manchester, Maine
Manchester is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States, located at 44°20′N 69°52′W﻿ / ﻿44.33°N 69.87°W﻿ / 44.33; -69.87.  The population was 2,456 at the 2020 census. The southern part of the town bordering Cobbosseecontee Lake is a popular recreation spot in central Maine, and part of the Winthrop Lakes Region. Manchester is included in the Augusta, Maine micropolitan and included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area.

Cobbosseecontee Lake
Lake Cobbosseecontee (/kəˈbɒsəkɒnti/, also known as Cobbossee Lake, is a lake located in the towns of Litchfield, Manchester, Monmouth, West Gardiner, and Winthrop in the U.S. state of Maine. It is the largest lake in the Winthrop Lakes Region at 100 feet (30 m) deep, covering about 8.7 square miles (23 km2) in surface area, a length of 9 miles (14 km), and a shoreline of 62 miles (100 km). The word Cobbosseecontee translates to "plenty of sturgeon" in Wabanaki.
Sir James Harington, 1st Baronet
Sir James Harington (1542–1614) of Ridlington, Rutland, was an English politician.

He was the third son of Sir James Harington of Exton, Rutland and Lucy Sidney of Penshurst and educated at Shrewsbury School and Christ's College, Cambridge.

Harington was High Sheriff of Rutland for 1593–94 and 1601–02 and Member of Parliament for Rutland in 1597 and 1604. He was knighted at Grimston Hall, the house of Sir Edward Stanhope, on 18 April 1603 by James VI and I. Harington was made a baronet on 29 June 1611.  He was made High Sheriff of Oxfordshire for 1606, having acquired property in that county from his second wife.

He died on 3 February 1614 (N.S.). A monument on the north wall of the chancel of Church of St Mary Magdalene and St Andrew, Ridlington, commemorates him, his first wife Frances Sapcote and their nine sons and seven daughters, noting his death as occurring in "February 1613" (O.S.).

High Sheriff of Oxfordshire
The High Sheriff of Oxfordshire, in common with other counties, was originally the King's representative on taxation upholding the law in Saxon times. The word Sheriff evolved from 'shire-reeve'.

The title of High Sheriff is therefore much older than the other crown appointment, the Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire, which came about after 1545. Between 1248 and 1566 Berkshire and Oxfordshire formed a joint shrievalty (apart from a brief period in 1258/9). See High Sheriff of Berkshire.