hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Tomahawk Spring
Tomahawk Spring is a historic spring house located near Martinsburg, at Tomahawk, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It was built about 1860 on the stone foundation of a previous building.  It is a one-story, wood-frame structure atop a three-foot-tall stone foundation in two sections.  The first section is atop the spring and is approximately 16 by 12 feet (4.9 by 3.7 m), surrounded by a lattice enclosure.  The second section contains a pool and is 13 by 12 feet (4.0 by 3.7 m).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Wuttagoonaspidae
Wuttagoonaspidae is a family of extinct primitive arthrodire placoderm fishes from Early Devonian China and Middle Devonian Australia. It contains two genera, Wuttagoonaspis and Yiminaspis, some of the  more basal members of the order Arthrodira, as shown in the cladogram below:

Wuttagoonaspis
Wuttagoonaspis is an extinct genus of primitive arthrodire placoderm fish from the Middle Devonian of Australia.  The box-like skull is up to 18 centimeters in length, and the median dorsal plate averages in length about 10 centimeters.  It contains two species: the type species Wuttagoonaspis fletcheri, described by Ritchie in 1973, and Wuttagoonaspis milligani, described by Young and Goujet in 2003.
Yokohama Marine Tower
Yokohama Marine Tower (横浜マリンタワー, Yokohama Marin Tawā) is a 106 metres (348 feet) high lattice tower with an observation deck at a height of 100 metres in Naka Ward, Yokohama, Japan.

The light characteristic is marked by a flash every twenty seconds, whereby the light's colour is alternating red and green. Originally, at night, the tower shaft itself was lit green and red according to its markings, but now, after the reopening in May 2009, the lights are white.

Naka-ku, Yokohama
Naka-ku (中区) is one of the 18 wards of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. In 2010, the ward had an estimated population of 146,563 and a population density of 7,080 persons per km². The total area was 20.86 km².
Protaton
The Protaton (Greek: Πρωτάτο), also known as the Dormition of the Theotokos Church (Greek: Ναός Κοίμησης της Θεοτόκου), is the main church of Karyes, Mount Athos. It also serves as the ecclesiastical seat of the Protos, or the primate of the monastic community of Mount Athos. It was founded in the early 10th century AD, prior to the completion of the Great Lavra in 963.

The Protaton is known for its various frescoes, paintings, relics, and icons, particularly the Axion Estin icon. Many important manuscripts and historical documents, including the various historical typikons of Mount Athos are also kept in the Protaton.

Monastic community of Mount Athos
The monastic community living on the Mount Athos peninsula is an Eastern Orthodox community of monks living in Northern Greece. The community enjoys autonomous self-government within the borders of the peninsula.

The Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs manages relations between Athos and the Government of Greece. The community includes 20 monasteries and dependent settlements. The monasteries house around 2,000 Eastern Orthodox monks from Greece and many other countries, including Eastern Orthodox countries such as Serbia, Romania, Moldova, Georgia, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Ukraine and Russia, who vow to live an ascetic life at Athos, isolated from the rest of the world. The Athonite monasteries feature a rich collection of well-preserved artifacts, rare books, ancient documents, and artworks of immense historical value, and Mount Athos has been listed as a World Heritage Site since 1988.

Women are banned from Mount Athos by religious tradition.
Religion in Finland
Finland is a predominantly Christian nation where 62.2% of the Finnish population of 5.6 million are members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (Protestant), 34.9% are unaffiliated, 1.0% are Orthodox Christians, and 1.8% follow other religions. These statistics do not include, for example, asylum seekers who have not been granted a permanent residence permit.

There are two national churches, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (Protestant) and the Finnish Orthodox Church.
Those who officially belong to one of the two national churches have part of their taxes turned over to their respective church (approximately 1-2% of income).

There are also approximately 44,000 followers of Pentecostal Christianity, and more than 15,000 Catholics in Finland, along with Anglicans, and some various Independent Christian communities. Prior to its Christianisation, beginning in the 11th century, Finnish paganism was the country's primary religion.

Irreligion in Finland
Irreligion in Finland: according to Statistics Finland in 2020, 29.4% of the population in Finland were non-religious, or about 1,628,000 people. The Union of Freethinkers of Finland and other organisations have acted as interest organisations, legal protection organisations and cultural organisations for non-religious people. In a 2018 international ISSP survey, 40% of the Finnish population said they did not believe in God, 34% said they believed in God and 26% did not know. Nearly one out of every five people in the country is not a member of a religious organisation, and the number of people with no religious affiliation has doubled in two decades.
President of Lebanon
The president of the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية, romanized: Ra’īs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Lubnāniyyah) is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which cannot be renewed immediately because they can only be renewed non-consecutively. By convention, the president is always a Maronite Christian who fulfills the same requirements as a candidate for the house of representatives, as per article 49 of the Lebanese constitution.

The current holder is Joseph Aoun, who took office on 9 January 2025.

Lebanese Armed Forces
The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; Arabic: القوات المسلحة اللبنانية, romanized: Al-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa al-Lubnāniyya), also known as the Lebanese Army (Arabic: الجيش اللبناني, romanized: Al-Jaish al-Lubnani), is the national military of the Republic of Lebanon. It consists of three branches, the ground forces, the air force, and the navy. The motto of the Lebanese Armed Forces is "Honor, Sacrifice, Loyalty" (Arabic: شرف · تضحية  · وفاء, romanized: Sharaf.Tadhia.Wafa). In politically unstable Lebanon, the Lebanese army has been described as one of the few state institutions in the country trusted by both the Lebanese population and the international community; and a guarantor of stability in multi-sectarian Lebanon.
Anwesha
Anwesha is the annual cultural festival of Indian Institute of Technology Patna. It is a three-day-long event that is usually held at the start of February each year.

The fest hosts cultural, literary, ecological and management events. The first edition of Anwesha took place in 2008. It draws a footfall of about 45,000 from more than 250 colleges across the country.

Management events such as Stock Mart, B-quiz, Vendre and ecological events like Eco-debate, Green quiz give participants ample scope to showcase their talents. Anwesha enjoys a cult status among the youths of Bihar. Eminent personalities such as chief minister Nitish Kumar, Padma Vibhushan, G. Madhavan Nair, Ravindra Kumar Sinha (the Dolphin Man of India), have been part of Anwesha in the past.

The theme for the 2025 edition of the festival was Echoes of the Abyss.

IIT Patna
Indian Institute of Technology Patna (abbreviated IIT Patna or IITP) is one of the 23 IITs, located at Bihta near Patna, Bihar (India). It is recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. It is one of the second generation IITs established by an Act of the Indian Parliament on 6 August 2008.

The permanent campus of IIT Patna is located at Bihta which is approximately 30 km west of Patna and has been fully operational since 2015.
West Portal, New Jersey
West Portal is an unincorporated community located within Bethlehem Township in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

The community is centered at the intersection of Route 173 and County Route 643, approximately 5.1 miles (8.2 km) southwest of Hampton.

The Norfolk Southern Railway's Lehigh Line (formerly the mainline of the Lehigh Valley Railroad), runs through West Portal and Lehigh Line's north entrance to the Pattenburg Tunnel (which goes underneath Musconetcong Mountain) is located in West Portal.

Bethlehem Township, New Jersey
Bethlehem Township is a township in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 3,745, a decrease of 234 (−5.9%) from the 2010 census count of 3,979, which in turn reflected an increase of 159 (+4.2%) from the 3,820 counted in the 2000 census.
401 BC
Year 401 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Potitus, Cossus, Camillus, Ambustus, Mamercinus and Iullus (or, less frequently, year 353 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 401 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Clearchus of Sparta
Clearchus or Clearch (Ancient Greek: Κλέαρχος; 450 BC – 401 BC), also known as Clearchus the Lacedaemonian or Clearchus the son of Rhamphias, was a Spartan general and mercenary, noted for leading the Ten Thousand in battle against the Persian king.
Mercedes-Benz M275 engine
The Mercedes-Benz M275 (and similar M285) engine is a twin-turbocharged and intercooled, all-aluminium, 60° V12 automobile piston engine family used in the 2000s to the 2010s. It is loosely based on the M137 naturally aspirated V12 sold between 1998 and 2002, and retains its SOHC, 3 valves per cylinder, twin-spark ignition layout, but differs with the addition of structural reinforcements to the engine block for improved rigidity which in turn yields greater reliability. The M275 V12 Bi-Turbo engine was modified with the addition of larger turbochargers. Several variations of the M275 V12 Bi-turbo engine have powered many top-of-the-range Mercedes-Benz and Maybach models since 2003.

Pagani Huayra
The Pagani Huayra (WHY-rah, Italian pronunciation: [ˈwaira]) is a mid-engine sports car produced by Italian sports car manufacturer Pagani, superseding the company's previous offering, the Zonda. It is named after Wayra Tata, the Quechua (indigenous South American) wind god. The Huayra was named "The Hypercar of the Year 2012" by Top Gear magazine. On 11 February 2015 it was reported that the Pagani Huayra had been sold out. The Huayra was limited to just 100 units as part of Pagani's agreement with engine supplier Mercedes-AMG.

The Pagani Huayra was officially debuted online with several pictures in a press release on 25 January 2011. The official world debut was at the headquarters of Pirelli in Milan in February 2011.
Dalarna County
Dalarna County (Swedish: Dalarnas län) is a county or län in central Sweden (Svealand). It borders on the counties of Uppsala, Jämtland, Gävleborg, Västmanland, Örebro and Värmland. It also borders on the Norwegian counties of Hedmark and Trøndelag to the west. It was formerly known as Kopparberg County (Swedish: Kopparbergs län) until the name was changed to that of the provincial region on 1 January 1997. The province of Dalarna is slightly larger than the county, as the westernmost part of Ljusdal Municipality belongs to it. Prince Gabriel, the son of Prince Carl Philip, is Duke of Dalarna.

The term Dalarna County is mainly used for administrative purposes; it is further divided into municipalities (kommuner). Dalarna County encompasses nearly all of the cultural and historical province of Dalarna (literally, "the valleys"). For the most part sparsely populated and with extensive tracts of wilderness, Dalarna County is almost as large as Belgium in terms of land area.

Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County (Swedish: Gävleborgs län) is a county or län on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders the counties of Uppsala, Västmanland, Dalarna, Jämtland, and Västernorrland. The capital is Gävle.
Lubber fiend
The lubber fiend, Lob, lubberkin, lurdane or Lob Lie-By-The-Fire is a legendary creature of English folklore that is similar to the "brownie"  (or "Urisk") of Scotland and northern England, the "hob" of northern England and the Scottish Borders, the Slavic "domovoi" and Scandinavian "tomte". It has been related also to Robin Goodfellow, and Hobgoblins. It is best known for being mentioned by John Milton in his pastoral poem, "L'Allegro".

The lubberkin is typically described as a large, hairy man with a tail who performs housework in exchange for a saucer of milk and a place in front of the fire. One story claims he is the giant son of a witch and the Devil.

The abbey lubber is a minor demon that haunts the wine cellars and kitchens of abbeys, tempting the monks into drunkenness, gluttony and lasciviousness. The best known abbey lubber tale is that of Friar Rush.

Friar Rush
Friar Rush (Broder Rusche, Bruder Rausch, Broder Ruus) is the title of a medieval Low German legend, surviving in a 1488 edition in verse form. During the 16th and 17th centuries, numerous High German, Scandinavian (Danish and Swedish), Dutch and English translations and adaptations in Volksbuch or chap book form were printed. The first High German edition dates to 1515, printed in Strassburg.

The story along with those of Till Eulenspiegel, Faust and Marcolf was among the most successful popular literature in 16th-century Germany.
The various adaptations vary in their style and focus, some intending to set a moral example or criticize excesses in monastic life, others simply intending to amuse the reader.
1933 Clay Cross by-election
The 1933 Clay Cross by-election was held on 1 September 1933.  The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Labour MP, Charles Duncan.

Unusually, the Constituency Labour Party asked for nominations for the vacancy, and published the list: Percy Barstow of the National Union of Railwaymen, former leader of the party Arthur Henderson, Samuel Sales of the Derbyshire Miners' Association, and Ben Smith, former Member of Parliament for Rotherhithe.  Henderson was chosen as the party's candidate, and Herbert Drinkwater acted as his election agent.

Henderson easily won the election.  This was Henderson's fifth by-election victory, having previously won in Burnley in 1924, in Newcastle-upon-Tyne East in 1923, in Widnes in 1919, and in Barnard Castle in 1903.

Arthur Henderson
Arthur Henderson (13 September 1863 – 20 October 1935) was a British iron moulder and Labour politician. He was the first Labour cabinet minister, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1934 and, uniquely, served three separate terms as Leader of the Labour Party in three different decades, and was elected to parliament in five by-elections in different constituencies. He was popular among his colleagues, who called him "Uncle Arthur" in acknowledgement of his integrity, his devotion to the cause and his imperturbability. He was a transitional figure whose policies were, at first, close to those of the Liberal Party. The trades unions rejected his emphasis on arbitration and conciliation, and thwarted his goal of unifying the Labour Party and the trade unions.
Hebburn Metro station
Hebburn is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the town of Hebburn, in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 24 March 1984, following the opening of the fifth phase of the network between Heworth and South Shields.

Hebburn
Hebburn is a town in the South Tyneside borough of Tyne and Wear, England. It was historically in County Durham and became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. It is on the south bank of the River Tyne between Gateshead and Jarrow and opposite Wallsend and Walker. At the 2021 census the Hebburn built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 21,345.
Amalia Margaretha van Brederode
Amalia Margaretha van Brederode (1625–1663), was a Dutch salon holder and member of the Van Brederode noble family. She has been referred to as the first female to have played an autonomous and leading role in the high society of the Netherlands. She was the founder and leader of the order Ordre de l'Union de la Joye (1645). She also played a leading role in Brussels during the stay of queen Christina of Sweden there in the 1650s.

Van Brederode
The Lords of Brederode (Heeren van Brederode) were a noble family from Holland who played an important role during the Middle Ages and the Early modern period. The family had a high noble rank and hold the titles Count of Brederode, Count of Gennep, and furthermore they ruled the souverain Lordship of Vianen, the Viscountship of Utrecht among other feudal titles.
Man Yee Building
The original Man Yee Building (Chinese: 萬宜大廈; Jyutping: maan6 ji4 daai6 haa6), initially built in 1957, was the first building in Hong Kong with escalators.

Located between Queen's Road Central, Pottinger Street and Des Voeux Road Central in Central on the Hong Kong Island, the tower was demolished in 1999 and was rebuilt as a 35-storey (344 ft; 105 m) tower with total office space of 290,000 square feet (27,000 square meters). It is owned by Man Hing Hong Property Management and Agency Company Limited and designed by architectural firm Rocco Design Architects Limited.

Des Voeux Road
Des Voeux Road Central (Chinese: 德輔道中) and Des Voeux Road West (Chinese: 德輔道西) are two roads on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. They were named after the 10th Governor of Hong Kong, Sir William Des Vœux. The name was sometimes spelt with the ligature œ in pre-war documents but is nowadays spelt officially without the ligature, as Des Voeux Road (Chinese: 德輔道; Jyutping: dak1 fu6 dou6).
2015 UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial
The Men's time trial of the 2015 UCI Road World Championships is a cycling event that took place on September 23, 2015, in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It was the 22nd edition of the championship. Bradley Wiggins was the outgoing champion but did not defend his title.

Vasil Kiryienka won the gold medal for Belarus, recording a time 9.08 seconds quicker than his closest rival, Italian rider Adriano Malori. The podium was completed by France's Jérôme Coppel, 26.62 seconds behind Kiryienka's winning time.

2015 UCI Road World Championships
The 2015 UCI Road World Championships took place in Richmond, Virginia, United States from September 19–27, 2015. It was the 88th Road World Championships. Peter Sagan won the men's road race and Lizzie Armitstead won the women's road race.
Millers Pond State Park
Millers Pond State Park is a public recreation area lying adjacent to Cockaponset State Forest in the towns of Durham and Haddam, Connecticut. The park's central feature is 33-acre (13 ha) Millers Pond, whose principal source of water is large springs that create a body of unpolluted water excellent for trout and smallmouth bass. The park offers fishing, hiking, mountain biking, and hunting.

Durham, Connecticut
Durham (/ˈdɜːrəm/ DURR-əm) is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut,  United States. Durham is a former farming village on the Coginchaug River in central Connecticut. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 7,152 at the 2020 census. Every autumn, the town hosts the Durham Fair, the largest volunteer agricultural fair in New England.

The Durham town center is listed by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place. The core of the town center has also been listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.
Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985
The Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985 (c. 38) is a repealed act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It made female genital mutilation a crime throughout the UK, allowing for sentences of up to five years' imprisonment. It was introduced to the House of Lords by Wayland Young, 2nd Baron Kennet, and passed on 16 July 1985, coming into force two months later.

No one was ever successfully prosecuted under the Act, but a medical practitioner was stricken from the Medical Register in 1993 for having performed the procedure. The Act was replaced by the Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005 in Scotland, both of which extend the legislation to cover acts committed by UK nationals outside of the UK's borders, so that it became a crime to take a girl abroad to undergo FGM.

Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005
The Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005 (asp 8) is an act of the Scottish Parliament. It extended previous legislation by also making it illegal for UK nationals to perform female genital mutilation outside the borders of the UK. There have been no known cases of girls from Scotland being sent abroad for the procedure. The Act also increased the maximum penalty from five to 14 years.

It replaced the Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985. The corresponding legislation for the rest of the United Kingdom is the Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003.
Lonate Pozzolo
Lonate Pozzolo is a town and comune located in the province of Varese, in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. Based on the last population census, it has about 11.400 residents. It is served by Ferno-Lonate Pozzolo railway station.

The airline Cargoitalia had its head office in the Avioport Logistics Park in Lonate Pozzolo.

Cargoitalia
Cargoitalia S.p.A. was a cargo airline with its head office in the Avioport Logistics Park in Lonate Pozzolo, Province of Varese, Italy, near Milan. The airline had its registered office in Milan. It operated all-cargo scheduled and charter services from Italy to the Middle East, the Far East and North America. Its main base was Malpensa Airport.