hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ōmori, Akita
Ōmori (大森町, Ōmori-machi) was a town located in Hiraka District, Akita Prefecture, Japan.

In 2003, the town has an estimated population of 7,757 and a density of 75.88 persons per km2. The total area was 102.23 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Ōmori, along with the towns of Hiraka, Jūmonji, Masuda and Omonogawa; and the villages of Sannai and Taiyū (all from Hiraka District), was merged into the expanded city of Yokote.

Yokote, Akita
Yokote (横手市, Yokote-shi) is a city located in Akita Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 81,617 in 33,876 households, and a population density of 120 persons per km². The total area of the city is 692.80 km2 (267.49 sq mi).
GAC Group
Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd. (GAC Group) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Guangzhou, Guangdong. As of 2021, it was the fifth largest automobile manufacturer in China, with 2.144 million sales in 2021.

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Hyptec, Trumpchi, Aion, Hycan as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as GAC Toyota and GAC Honda. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings. It produces buses under the GAC Bus brand. Other brand names associated with GAC are Everus, for consumer vehicles, and Hino.

In 2021, GAC was the fourth largest Chinese plug-in electric vehicle manufacturer in the Chinese market, with 4% of market share. It sold 123,660 units of EVs in 2021, and over 20,000 units in March 2022, with plans to double EV production capacity to 400,000 a year by December 2022.

GAC Honda
GAC Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. is a Chinese automobile manufacturing joint venture company based in Guangzhou, Guangdong province.

Co-owned by Honda and GAC Group (Guangqi), GAC Honda operates two plants that, as of 2011, produces Honda-branded models and one car sold under the China-only Everus brand. GAC Honda's products incorporate Japanese-made parts. According to statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Guangqi Honda's car sales in 2005 were 203,200 units, ranking fifth in mainland China.

Originally named Guangzhou Honda, this was changed to GAC Honda in 2009. As of 2011, the company claims to have a per year production capacity of 480,000.
Catathrenia
Catathrenia or nocturnal groaning is a sleep-related breathing disorder, consisting of end-inspiratory apnea (breath holding) and expiratory groaning during sleep. It describes a rare condition characterized by monotonous, irregular groans while sleeping. Catathrenia begins with a deep inspiration. The person with catathrenia holds their breath against a closed glottis, similar to the Valsalva maneuver. Expiration can be slow and accompanied by sound caused by vibration of the vocal cords or a simple rapid exhalation. Despite a slower breathing rate, no oxygen desaturation usually occurs. The moaning sound is usually not noticed by the person producing the sound, but it can be extremely disturbing to sleep partners. It appears more often during expiration REM sleep than in NREM sleep.

Catathrenia is distinct from both somniloquy (sleep talking) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The sound is produced during exhalation, as opposed to snoring, which occurs during inhalation.

Sleep-related breathing disorder
An SRBD (short for sleep-related breathing disorder) is a sleep disorder in which abnormalities in breathing occur during sleep which may or may not be present while awake. According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, sleep-related breathing disorders are classified as follows:

Sleep apnea, including the more specific disorders of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea

Central hypoventilation syndromes

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

Sleep-related hypoxemia disorder

Sleep-related hypoventilation due to a medication or substance, or due to a medical disorder

Isolated symptoms produced by breathing during sleep, including snoring and catathrenia.

There are many different surgical procedures for sleep-related breathing disorders, sometimes collectively termed "sleep surgery".
Westvale, New York
Westvale is a suburban community (and census-designated place) in Onondaga County, New York, United States. The population was 4,963 at the 2010 census.

Westvale is in the town of Geddes, lying east of Fairmount and southwest of Solvay. Westvale is a suburb of Syracuse, which is to the east.

Geddes, New York
Geddes is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 17,088.

The Town of Geddes is west of the neighborhood of Far Westside of Syracuse. The town is a western suburb of Syracuse.
Keldysh (crater)
Keldysh is a lunar impact crater that is located in the northeastern part of the Moon, at the eastern rim of the Mare Frigoris. It lies due north of the prominent crater Atlas, and to the northeast of the notable Hercules.

The crater rim is generally circular, although it gives the appearance of a slight eastward bulge. The rim edge is sharp and displays little appearance of wear, with only a tiny craterlet along the eastern edge. The inner wall slopes down without terraces to the ejecta along the base. The interior floor is relatively featureless and is free of notable impacts or ridges.

This crater was previously designated Hercules A, a satellite crater of Hercules, before being renamed by the IAU in 1982.

Hercules (crater)
Hercules is a prominent crater located in the northeast part of the Moon, to the west of the crater Atlas. It lies along the east edge of a southward extension in the Mare Frigoris. To the west across the mare is Bürg. To the south is the ruined crater Williams.

The interior walls of Hercules have multiple terraces, and there is a small outer rampart. The crater floor has been flooded by lava in the past, and contains several areas of low albedo. The central peak has been buried, leaving only a low hill near the midpoint. The satellite crater Hercules G is located prominently just to the south of the center. The small crater Hercules E lies along the southern rim of Hercules.

Hercules is a crater of Eratosthenian age.

The name Hercules was formally recognized by the IAU in 1935.

In the past this crater has been reported as the site of some transient lunar phenomenon.
Betty LaDuke
Betty LaDuke (née Bernstein; born 1933) is an American artist and writer from Ashland, Oregon. For more than 70 years, LaDuke has traversed the globe as an artist and activist, bringing her sketchbook to hundreds of villages in Latin America, Asia, and Africa, and more. Her work — large acrylic paintings, prints, and wood panels — has appeared in museums and public spaces throughout the United States and worldwide.

Winona LaDuke
Winona LaDuke (born August 18, 1959) is an American environmentalist, writer, and industrial hemp grower, known for her work on tribal land claims and preservation, as well as sustainable development.

In 1996 and 2000, she ran for vice president of the United States as the nominee of the Green Party of the United States, on a ticket headed by Ralph Nader. Until 2023 she was the executive director and a co-founder (along with the Indigo Girls) of Honor the Earth, a Native environmental advocacy organization that played an active role in the Dakota Access Pipeline protests.

In 2016, she received an electoral vote for vice president. In doing so, she became the first Green Party member to receive an electoral vote.
Yagyū Munenori
Yagyū Munenori (柳生 宗矩; 1571 – May 11, 1646) was a Japanese daimyō, swordsman, and martial arts writer. He founded the Edo branch of Yagyū Shinkage-ryū, which he learned from his father Yagyū "Sekishūsai" Munetoshi, and was one of two official sword styles patronized by the Tokugawa shogunate (the other one being Ittō-ryū).

Munenori began his career in the Tokugawa shogunate as a hatamoto, a direct retainer of the Tokugawa house, and later had his income raised to 10,000 koku, making him a minor fudai daimyō (vassal lord serving the Tokugawa), with landholdings around his ancestral village of Yagyū-zato. He also received the title of Tajima no Kami (但馬守).

Yagyū Shinkage-ryū
Yagyū Shinkage-ryū (柳生新陰流) is one of the oldest Japanese schools of swordsmanship (kenjutsu). Its primary founder was Kamiizumi Nobutsuna, who called the school Shinkage-ryū.  In 1565, Nobutsuna bequeathed the school to his greatest student, Yagyū Munetoshi, who added his own name to the school. Today, the Yagyū Shinkage-ryū remains one of the most renowned schools of Japanese swordsmanship.  Its name roughly means Yagyū New Shadow School.
Messier 79
Messier 79 (also known as M79 or NGC 1904) is a globular cluster in the southern constellation Lepus. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and is about 42,000 light-years away from Earth and 60,000 light years from the Galactic Center.

Like Messier 54 (the other extragalactic globular on Messier's list), it is believed to not be native to the Milky Way galaxy at all, but instead to the putative Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy, which is currently experiencing a very close encounter with our galaxy. This is, however, a contentious subject as astronomers are still debating the nature of the Canis Major dwarf galaxy itself. Messier 79 may also be part of the Gaia Sausage.

The cluster is being disrupted by the galactic tide, trailing a long tidal tail.

Lepus (constellation)
Lepus is a constellation lying just south of the celestial equator. Its name is Latin for hare. It is located below—immediately south—of Orion (the hunter), and is sometimes represented as a hare being chased by Orion or by Orion's hunting dogs.

Although the hare does not represent any particular figure in Greek mythology, Lepus was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations.
Lee Iacocca
Lido Anthony "Lee" Iacocca (/ˌaɪ.əˈkoʊkə/ EYE-ə-KOH-kə; October 15, 1924 – July 2, 2019) was an American author, engineer, and an executive who developed the Ford Mustang, Continental Mark III, and Ford Pinto cars while at the Ford Motor Company in the 1960s, and then revived  the Chrysler Corporation as its CEO during the 1980s. He was president of Chrysler from 1978 to 1991 and chairman and CEO from 1979 until his retirement at the end of 1992. He was one of the few executives to preside over the operations of two of the United States' Big Three automakers.

Iacocca authored or co-authored several books, including Iacocca: An Autobiography (with William Novak), and Where Have All the Leaders Gone?.

Chrysler K platform
The K-car platform was a key automotive design platform introduced by Chrysler Corporation for the 1981 model year, featuring a transverse engine, front-wheel drive, independent front and semi-independent rear suspension configuration—a stark departure from the company's previous reliance on solid axle, rear-drive unibody configurations during the 1970s. Derived from Chrysler's L-cars, the Plymouth Horizon and Dodge Omni, the platform was developed just as the company faltered in the market, at first underpinning a modest range of compact/mid-size sedans and wagons—and eventually underpinning nearly fifty different models, including all-wheel drive variants—and playing a vital role in the company's subsequent resurgence.
Subaru Outback
The Subaru Outback is an automotive nameplate used by the Japanese automaker Subaru for two different themed vehicles: a Legacy-derived station wagon, the Outback (1994–present, also sold as Legacy Outback (Japanese: スバル・レガシィアウトバック, Hepburn: Subaru Regashi Autobakku) in some markets), and an Impreza-derived off-road themed hatchback, the Outback Sport (1994–2011).

Most versions of the Outback wagon and Outback Sport have had all-wheel drive as standard equipment.

Subaru EJ engine
The Subaru EJ engine is a series of four-stroke automotive engines manufactured by Subaru.  Introduced in 1989, they were intended to succeed the previous Subaru EA engine. The EJ series was the mainstay of Subaru's engine line, with all engines of this series being 16-valve horizontal flat-fours, with configurations available for single, or double-overhead camshaft arrangements (SOHC or DOHC). Naturally aspirated and turbocharged versions are available, ranging from 94 to 341 hp (70 to 254 kW; 95 to 346 PS). These engines are commonly used in light aircraft, kit cars and engine swaps into air-cooled Volkswagens, and are also popular as a swap into Volkswagen T3/Vanagons powered by the Volkswagen Wasserboxer engine. Primary engineering on the EJ series was done by Masayuki Kodama, Takemasa Yamada and Shuji Sawafuji of Fuji Heavy Industries, Subaru's parent company.
Penguin Island (South Australia)
Penguin Island is an island in the Australian state of South Australia located in Rivoli Bay on the state's south east coast of  approximately 1.5 kilometres (0.93 miles) south of Beachport.  From 1878 to 1960, it was the site of an operating lighthouse.  Since at least 1972, it has been part of the Penguin Island Conservation Park.

Beachport
Beachport is a small coastal town in the Australian state of South Australia about 311 kilometres (193 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 34 kilometres (21 mi) north-west of the municipal seat in Millicent, located at the northern end of Rivoli Bay. Beachport has a large crayfishing fleet, and is known for its 772-metre (2,533 ft)-long jetty, the second-longest in South Australia after the one at Port Germein. The towns Norfolk pines, white sand beach and clear waters are alluring to visitors

Prior to European settlement starting in the 1820s, the Bungandidj people from the Mount Gambier region are the early settlers of this area. Archeological evidence shows they have inhabited this area for upwards of 30,000 years. In their language, this area was called Wirmalngrang.
Fabricaciones Militares
Fabricaciones Militares Sociedad del Estado (Spanish for Military Industries State Corporation) is a state-owned Argentine arms manufacturer based in Buenos Aires. The company was a government agency under the name Dirección General de Fabricaciones Militares ("Directorate General of Military Industries").

Founded in 1941, over the years the company has diversified into different areas such as mining, petroleum, rolling stock and petrochemicals. The company is under the direction of the Argentine Ministry of Defence.

FARA 83
The FARA 83 (Spanish: Fusil Automático República Argentina; "Argentine Republic Automatic Rifle") or FAA 81, "Argentine Automatic Rifle" (Spanish: Fusil Automático Argentino) was a rifle locally designed and developed for the Argentine Army in the 1980s. It is one of the first indigenously designed assault rifles in South America.
Abraham Aboab
Rav Abraham Aboab (Hebrew: אברהם אבוהב; fl. 1263) was a 13th-century Spanish Jewish aristocrat and founder of the Aboab family. Possibly born in Pelof, Aragon, not much is known of his early life. It seems that Aboab developed a very close relationship with James I of Aragon, who in 1263 gifted Aboab a tower called Altea, with the surrounding dairy farms and all rights and privileges of ownership along with a heraldic achievement "Or, Five mullets placed in saltire gules". This was quite unprecedented for a 13th-century Jew, and demonstrates the tolerant attitude of James I of Aragon. Aboab had one son Isaac Aboab I, who was a notable Talmudic scholar.

Isaac Aboab I
Rabbi Isaac ben Abraham Aboab (Hebrew: רבי יצחק בן אברהם אבוהב; fl. 1300) also known by his magnum opus, Menorat ha-Maor (Hebrew: מנורת המאור), was an early 14th century Spanish Talmudic scholar and Kabbalist. He is known for his intellectual approach to rabbinic literature, which he juxtaposed with contemporary Spanish Kabbalah.
Hotel Manning
Hotel Manning is a historic hotel located in Keosauqua, Van Buren County, Iowa, United States, on the banks of the Des Moines River. The hotel's Steamboat Gothic architecture mimics riverboats of the mid-1800s. Hotel Manning was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in April, 1973. It currently operates as a bed & breakfast.

Keosauqua, Iowa
Keosauqua (/ˌkiːəˈsɔːkwə/ KEE-ə-SAW-kwə) is a city and the county seat of Van Buren County, Iowa, United States. The population was 936 at the time of the 2020 census. Keosauqua was settled by the Meskwaki and Sauk people until it became US territory in 1832 as Black Hawk Purchase and was "laid out" by European settlers in 1839.
Herräng Dance Camp
Herräng Dance Camp (commonly abbreviated HDC, officially Herräng Dance Camp Aktiebolag) is the largest annual dance camp that focuses on lindy hop, boogie woogie, tap dance, jazz dance, and balboa. It is held  annually in July in Herräng, Sweden, and focuses both on instruction and dancing.

Swing era dancers that have presented at the camp include Al Minns, Frankie Manning, Norma Miller, Chazz Young, and Dawn Hampton.

In preparation for the camp, infrastructure is added to the village to accommodate the dancers. This includes several cafés; a full cafeteria serving buffet-style meals; a shop for dance supplies, accessories and daily essentials; bicycle rental; housing of various standards; and nightly entertainment.

Al Minns
Al Minns (1 January 1920 – 24 April 1985), was a prominent American Lindy Hop and jazz dancer. Most famous for his film and stage performances in the 1930s and 1940s with the Harlem-based Whitey's Lindy Hoppers, Minns worked throughout his life to promote the dances that he and his cohorts helped to pioneer at New York's Savoy Ballroom. In 1938, Al Minns and Sandra Gibson (see Mildred Pollard) won the Harvest Moon Ball.
Jean Restout the Elder
Jean Restout the Elder (15 November 1666, in Caen – 20 October 1702, in Rouen) was a French painter. He was part of the Restout dynasty of painters, studying under his father Marguerin Restout. He is called "the Elder" to distinguish him from his son Jean Restout the Younger, an accomplished painter of religious images.

He married Marie Madeleine Jouvenet (c. 1655 – before 1729), sister of the painter Jean Jouvenet, and his style resembles that of his brother-in-law so closely that many of Restout's paintings are misattributed to Jouvenet.

Jean Restout the Younger
Jean Restout the Younger (26 March 1692 – 1 January 1768) was a French artist, who worked in painting and drawing. Although little remembered today, Restout was well-respected by his contemporaries for his religious compositions.
Stabilization hypothesis
In mathematics, specifically in category theory and algebraic topology, the Baez–Dolan stabilization hypothesis, proposed in (Baez & Dolan 1995), states that suspension of a weak n-category has no more essential effect after n + 2 times. Precisely, it states that the suspension functor  is an equivalence for .

Weak n-category
In category theory in mathematics, a weak n-category is a generalization of the notion of strict n-category where composition and identities are not strictly associative and unital, but only associative and unital up to coherent equivalence or coherent isomorphism.  A weak 0-category is just a set, and a weak 1-category is a ordinarily category. This generalisation only becomes noticeable at dimensions two and above where weak 2-, 3- and 4-categories are typically referred to as bicategories, tricategories, and tetracategories.
Aldo Ray
Aldo Ray (born Aldo Da Re; September 25, 1926 – March 27, 1991) was an American actor of film and television. He began his career as a contract player for Columbia Pictures before achieving stardom through his roles in The Marrying Kind, Pat and Mike (which earned him a Golden Globe nomination), Let's Do It Again, and Battle Cry. His athletic build and gruff, raspy voice saw him frequently typecast in "tough guy" roles throughout his career, which lasted well into the late 1980s.

Though the latter part of his career was marked by appearances in low-budget B-movies and exploitation films, he still appeared occasionally in higher-profile features, including The Secret of NIMH (1982) and The Sicilian (1987).
In 1980, Ray was awarded Best Actor for his role in Sweet Savage from the Adult Film Association's third Erotica Awards.

Crockett, California
Crockett (formerly Crockettville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, in the East Bay sub-region of the San Francisco Bay Area, California. The population was 3,242 at the 2020 census. It is located 28 miles (45 km) northeast of San Francisco. Other nearby communities include Port Costa, Martinez, Vallejo, Benicia, Rodeo, Hercules, Pinole and Richmond.
Giske Bridge
The Giske Bridge (Norwegian: Giskebrua) is a concrete beam bridge between the islands of Valderøya and Giske in Giske Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The bridge is 552 metres (1,811 ft) long, the longest span is 52 metres (171 ft), and the maximum clearance to the sea is 17 metres (56 ft). The bridge has 11 spans.

Giske Bridge was opened in 1987 and had a toll until 2009. Together with the nearby undersea tunnels, the bridge is part of the Vigra Fixed Link which connects the islands of Giske Municipality with the nearby city of Ålesund.

Giske (island)
Giske is an island in Giske Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It covers an area of 2.67 square kilometers (1.03 sq mi). It is flat, with the highest point 23 meters (75 ft) above mean sea level.

The island is connected by the Giske Bridge to the neighbouring island of Valderøya to the east and by the Godøy Tunnel to the island of Godøya to the southwest. Giske Church, dating back to the 12th century, sits on the southern coast of the island.

The village of Giske is the one village located on the small island. The urban centre of the village is located in the centre of the island.
Shiva hypothesis
The Shiva hypothesis, also known as coherent catastrophism, is the idea that global natural catastrophes on Earth, such as extinction events, happen at regular intervals because of the periodic motion of the Sun in relation to the Milky Way galaxy.

Extinction event
An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction or biotic crisis) is a widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth. Such an event is identified by a sharp fall in the diversity and abundance of multicellular organisms. It occurs when the rate of extinction increases with respect to the background extinction rate and the rate of speciation.

Estimates of the number of major mass extinctions in the last 540 million years range from as few as five to more than twenty. These differences stem from disagreement as to what constitutes a "major" extinction event, and the data chosen to measure past diversity.
Jakob Walter
Jakob Walter (September 28, 1788 – August 3, 1864) was a German soldier and chronicler of the Napoleonic Wars.  In his later years, he wrote an account of his service in the Grande Armée, including a detailed account of his participation in  Napoleon's Russian campaign of 1812. This, together with Joseph Abbeel's diary, form the only known records of that campaign kept by common soldiers.

Joseph Abbeel
Joseph Abbeel (1786 in Vrasene – 1866 in Anzegem) was a Belgian soldier who was conscripted to the French Army of Napoleon Bonaparte. In the position of a carabinier he witnessed the French invasion of Russia in 1812.

He is one of the few who survived the devastating horror of the raid on Moscow and the chaotic retreat that followed it. He was wounded at the Battle of Borodino. He saw Moscow burn, followed the retreating French Army, but was captured by Cossacks in the vicinity of Hamburg. It was only in 1815 that he came home. He never married. It is assumed that he became a school teacher.

He wrote down his memoirs almost immediately, but never published them. They were rediscovered and edited two centuries later. This, together with Jakob Walter's diary, form the only known records of that campaign kept by common soldiers. Abbeel's story contains some minor historical mistakes, mostly due to his lack of geographical knowledge, but the authenticity of the manuscript is undisputed.