hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cohen structure theorem
In mathematics, the Cohen structure theorem, introduced by Cohen (1946), describes the structure of complete Noetherian local rings.

Some consequences of Cohen's structure theorem include three conjectures of Krull:

Any complete regular equicharacteristic Noetherian local ring is a ring of formal power series over a field. (Equicharacteristic means that the local ring and its residue field have the same characteristic, and is equivalent to the local ring containing a field.)

Any complete regular Noetherian local ring that is not equicharacteristic but is unramified is uniquely determined by its residue field and its dimension.

Any complete Noetherian local ring is the image of a complete regular Noetherian local ring.

Completion of a ring
In abstract algebra, a completion is any of several related functors on rings and modules that result in complete topological rings and modules. Completion is similar  to localization, and together they are among the most basic tools in analysing commutative rings. Complete commutative rings have a simpler structure than general ones, and Hensel's lemma applies to them. In algebraic geometry, a completion of a ring of functions R on a space X concentrates on a formal neighborhood of a point of X: heuristically, this is a neighborhood so small that all Taylor series centered at the point are convergent. An algebraic completion is constructed in a manner analogous to completion of a metric space with Cauchy sequences, and agrees with it in the case when R has a metric given by a non-Archimedean absolute value.
George Clark (priest)
George Clark (29 June 1810 – 11 December 1874) was Archdeacon of St David's from 1867 until his death.

Clark was born in the parish of St Dunstan-in-the-West and educated at University College, Oxford. He was Vicar of Cantley in Yorkshire from 1845 to 1854; and Rector of Tenby from 1854 to 1867.

He died suddenly after contracting pneumonia.

Archdeacon of St Davids
The archdeacon of St Davids is a senior cleric in the Church in Wales' Diocese of St Davids. The archdeacon is the senior priest with responsibility over the area of the archdeaconry of St Davids, one of three archdeaconries in the diocese (the others are Cardigan and Carmarthen). The archdeaconry of St Davids comprises the four rural deaneries of Daugleddau, Dewisland/Fishguard, Pembroke and Roose.

The first recorded archdeacons of St Davids occur soon after the Norman Conquest. However, no territorial titles are recorded until after c. 1125.
Northern Greater Poland dialect
The Northern Greater Polish dialect (Polish: gwary północnowielkopolskie) belongs to the Greater Poland dialect group and is located in the part of Poland. It borders the Krajna dialect to the northwest, the Kujawy dialect to the northeast, the Western Greater Polish dialect to the far southwest, and the Central Greater Polish dialect to the south. The exact borders of Northern Greater Polish are not clear. The Krzyszczewo and Wola Skorzęcka subdialect occupies part of Northern Greater Polish and part of Central Greater Polish geographically, and also somewhat linguistically. The dialect of these villages is increasingly affected by Standard Polish, as demonstrated by the number of similar features.

Central Greater Poland dialect
The Central Greater Poland dialect (Polish: gwary środkowowielkopolskie) belongs to the Greater Poland dialect group and is located in the part of Poland. It borders the Northern Greater Poland dialect to the north, the Western Greater Poland dialect to the west, the Eastern Greater Poland dialect to the east, the Southern Greater Poland dialect to the south, and the Lesser Polish Sieradz dialect to the southeast. The subdialect of these villages is increasingly affected by Standard Polish, as demonstrated by the number of similar features.
Newsround
Newsround (stylised as newsround) is a BBC children's news programme, which has run continuously since 4 April 1972. Originally John Craven's Newsround, it was one of the world's first television news magazines aimed specifically at children. Initially commissioned as a short series by BBC Children's Department, who held editorial control, its facilities were provided by BBC News. Broadcast on CBBC, the programme is aimed at 5 to 15-year-olds.

Dock10 (television facility)
53°28′21″N 2°17′58″W﻿ / ﻿53.472553°N 2.299439°W﻿ / 53.472553; -2.299439

dock10 is a television facility owner and media services company in the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. dock10 offers a number of services including post production and The Studios.

Its studio filming facility, often referred to as The Studios, is the best-known part of the company. It was built as a major part of MediaCityUK, a development in Salford, Greater Manchester. The move saw a number of major productions leave London for the first time and head north to Salford. The BBC, ITV and Channel 4 all relocated the filming of various shows to The Studios. This included established British shows Match of the Day and Countdown.

dock10 also offers other media services, such as post production. Their post-production shows include Match of the Day, Blue Peter and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?.
Sonora annulata
Sonora annulata, also known commonly as the Colorado Desert shovelnose snake, is a species of snake in the subfamily Colubrinae of the family Colubridae. The species is native to the southwestern United States and adjacent northwestern Mexico. There are two recognized subspecies.

Laurence Monroe Klauber
Laurence Monroe Klauber (December 21, 1883, in San Diego, California – May 8, 1968, in San Diego), was an American herpetologist and the foremost authority on rattlesnakes. He was the first curator of reptiles and amphibians at the San Diego Natural History Museum and Consulting Curator of Reptiles for the San Diego Zoo.  He was also a businessman, inventor, and contributed to mathematics in his study of the distribution of prime numbers.
Huntingdon Community Radio
Huntingdon Community Radio is a community radio station operating from studios in Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, England. It was awarded a broadcast licence by Ofcom in 2009, and has been broadcasting on 104 FM across Huntingdonshire and online since April 2011.

Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire (/ˈhʌntɪŋdənʃər, -ʃɪər/; abbreviated Hunts) is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. 
The district had a population of 180,800 at the 2021 census, and has an area of 354.3 square miles (918 km2). The largest towns are St Neots (33,410), Huntingdon (25,428), and St Ives (16,815). The district council is based in Huntingdon.

Historically a county in its own right, Huntingdonshire's boundaries were established in the Anglo-Saxon era. Huntingdonshire became an administrative county in 1889. In 1965, it was merged with the Soke of Peterborough to form Huntingdon and Peterborough, which was in turn merged with Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely in 1974 to form Cambridgeshire, of which Huntingdonshire is now a district.
Air Education and Training Command
The Air Education and Training Command (AETC) is one of the nine Major Commands (MAJCOM) of the United States Air Force (USAF), reporting to Headquarters, United States Air Force. It was established 1 July 1993, with the realignment of Air Training Command and Air University.

AETC is headquartered at Randolph Air Force Base, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas. AETC is the primary training and professional education command in the Air Force.

More than 48,000 active duty and Air Reserve Component members and 14,000 civilian personnel make up AETC. The command has responsibility for approximately 1,600 aircraft.

AETC's mission is to "recruit, train and educate Airmen to deliver air power for America."

Raytheon T-1 Jayhawk
The Raytheon T-1 Jayhawk is a twin-engined jet aircraft used by the United States Air Force for advanced pilot training.  T-1A students go on to fly airlift and tanker aircraft. The T-400 is a similar version for the Japan Air Self-Defense Force.
Delcambre, Louisiana
Delcambre is a town in Iberia and Vermilion parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana, located 9 miles (14 km) east of Abbeville on Louisiana Highway 14 in the Cajun Heartland of Acadiana. Bayou Carlin, also known as the Delcambre Canal, passes through the town and is home for much of the local fishing industry. As of the 2020 census, Delcambre had a population of 1,793.

Delcambre is part of the Lafayette, Louisiana metropolitan statistical area.

Iberia Parish, Louisiana
Iberia Parish (French: Paroisse de l'Ibérie, Spanish: Parroquia de Iberia) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 69,929; the parish seat is New Iberia.

The parish was formed in 1868 during the Reconstruction era and named for Iberia. It is part of the 22-parish Acadiana region of the state, with a large Francophone population. Some of its ethnic French residents had ancestors who settled here after being expelled in the 18th century by the British from Acadia in present-day Canada. Historically, it has also been a center for sugar cane cultivation and produces the most sugar of any parish in the state.

Iberia Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan area. The Port of Iberia has a waterway with access to the Gulf Coast.
Kruševo Municipality
Kruševo Municipality (Macedonian: Крушево [ˈkruʃɛvɔ] ⓘ; Albanian: Krushevë) is a municipality in the central region of North Macedonia. Kruševo is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is found. This municipality is part of the Pelagonia Statistical Region.

Pelagonia Statistical Region
The Pelagonia Statistical Region (Macedonian: Пелагониски Регион, romanized: Pelagoniski Region) is one of eight statistical regions of North Macedonia. It is located in southwestern part of the country along the eponymous plain, bordering Greece to the south and Albania to the west. Internally, it borders the Southwestern and Vardar statistical regions.
International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation
The International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD) is a controversial nonprofit professional organization of health professionals and individuals who claim interest in advancing the scientific and societal understandings of trauma-based disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder, complex posttraumatic stress disorder, complex trauma, and the dissociative disorders.

While serving as a platform for discussion and understanding of these topics, the ISSTD has also attracted attention and criticism regarding its promotion of controversial treatments and conspiracy theories, such as discredited theories of government mind control related to hypnosis and unsubstantiated claims of satanic ritual abuse.

Colin A. Ross
Colin A. Ross (July 14, 1950) is a Canadian psychiatrist and former president of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation from 1993 to 1994. There is controversy about his methods and claims, which include recovering memories through hypnosis of Satanic ritual abuse.

Ross has also produced several documentaries and educational films about Dissociative Identity Disorder. In 1999, he teamed with producer James Myer in the making of Multiple Personality: Reality and Illusion. The docudrama featured Chris Costner Sizemore, a woman that became famous because of a rare diagnosis (at that time) of Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD). Ms. Sizemore's life was portrayed by Joanne Woodward in the Fox motion picture The Three Faces of Eve.
Mbaramo
Mbaramo (Kata ya Mbaramo, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Muheza District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The ward is part of the Muheza urban area. Magila forms the northern and western boundaries of the ward. The Tanganyika ward is to the east.  Masuguru and Kwemkabala are to the south. The ward covers an area of 0.9 km2 (0.35 sq mi), According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 2,795.

Magila
Magila (Kata ya Magila, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Muheza District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. Magoroto and Kicheba wards form the northern boundary of the ward. The Tanganyika ward is to the east. Kwemkabala, Mbaramo, and Tingeni are to the south. The ward covers an area of 25.4 km2 (9.8 sq mi), According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 6,758.
Piptadeniopsis
Piptadeniopsis lomentifera is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is a tree native to southwestern Bolivia and Paraguay. It is the sole species in genus Piptadeniopsis. It belongs to the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

Mimosoideae
The Mimosoideae are a traditional subfamily of trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae) that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates.  They are typically characterized by having radially symmetric flowers, with petals that are twice divided (valvate) in bud and with numerous showy, prominent stamens.

Recent work on phylogenetic relationships has found that the Mimosoideae form a clade nested with subfamily Caesalpinioideae and the most recent classification by The Legume Phylogeny Working Group refer to them as the Mimosoid clade within subfamily Caesalpinioideae. The group includes about 40 genera and 2,500 species.
Vern Clark
Vernon Eugene Clark (born September 7, 1944) is a retired admiral who served as the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) of the United States Navy. He retired on July 22, 2005, making his tenure of five years the second-longest serving CNO behind Arleigh Burke. He currently sits on the board of directors of Raytheon and SRI International. In November 2009, he was selected along with former Secretary of Veterans Affairs Togo West by Defense Secretary Robert Gates to lead the military investigation into the Fort Hood massacre.

Togo D. West Jr.
Togo Dennis West Jr. (June 21, 1942 – March 8, 2018) was an American attorney and Army officer who served as the third secretary of veterans affairs in the administration of President Bill Clinton from 1998 until his resignation in 2000. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the second African American to be Secretary of Veterans Affairs. West previously served as the 16th secretary of the army from 1993 to 1998, as General Counsel of the Department of Defense from 1980 to 1981, and as General Counsel of the Navy from 1977 to 1979.
Afromontane
The Afromontane regions are subregions of the Afrotropical realm, one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms, covering the plant and animal species found in the mountains of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. The Afromontane regions of Africa are discontinuous, separated from each other by lower-lying areas, and are sometimes referred to as the Afromontane archipelago, as their distribution is analogous to a series of sky islands.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
Sonari, Jamshedpur
Sonari is the largest residential area in the city of Jamshedpur, which is also served by Sonari Airport (IATA: IXW, ICAO: VEJS). Domuhani bridge in Marine Drive connects Sonari with NH-33. The area is easily accessible through Marine Drive (Western Corridor) from Adityapur, Kadma, which also connects it with the Northern towns of Sakchi and Bistupur. The major roads such as Rivers Meet Road (a stretch of road from CH Area Circle to Domuhani), Balichela Road (a road running between the Sonari Town connects Balichela Junction to Kagal Nagar), and Dispensary Road (a city road running through Balichela).

Sakchi
Sakchi is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in the city of Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Situated in the heart of the city, it is surrounded by Bistupur to the west, Swarnarekha River to the north, Kalimati to the south and Bhalubasa to the east. The neighbourhood covers a very large area and is further divided into many neighbourhoods.

It was a village in north eastern Indian territory of Singhbhum which was selected by Jamsetji Tata to be the location of a planned steel city, which in 1919 became Jamshedpur.  Sakchi is now part of the city between the Tata Steel site and the river Subarnarekha. Then it was known as Kalimati. Due to the presence of iron ore, river water and sand, Jamsetji Tata decided to establish TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited) there. The company is now known as Tata Steel. Gradually, the neighborhood became more urbanized and new developments came, such as Jubilee Park, Tata Steel Zoological Park and Water Pumping Station. It has its own police station.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Pulaski County, Missouri
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Pulaski County, Missouri.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pulaski County, Missouri, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 7 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.

Pulaski County, Missouri
Pulaski County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,955. Its county seat is Waynesville. The county was organized in 1833 and named for Kazimierz Pułaski, a Polish patriot who died fighting in the American Revolution. Pulaski County is the site of Fort Leonard Wood, a U.S. Army training base. It comprises the Fort Leonard Wood, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area which has nearly one-third of the total county population.
Scantic River State Park
Scantic River State Park is a public recreation area consisting of several separated parcels totaling 784 acres (317 ha) along the Scantic River in the towns of Enfield, East Windsor, and Somers, Connecticut. The state park is suitable for hiking, fishing, and hunting and is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.

Somers, Connecticut
Somers (/ˈsʌmərs/ SUM-ərss) is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 10,255 at the 2020 census. The town center is listed by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). In 2007, Money Magazine listed Somers 53rd on its "100 Best Places to Live", based on "economic opportunity, good schools, safe streets, things to do and a real sense of community."

Bordering Massachusetts, Somers is considered part of the city of Springfield NECTA. Somers is 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Springfield and considered more oriented toward it  than the city of Hartford, which lies 22 miles (35 km) to the southwest.
Warr Acres, Oklahoma
Warr Acres is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the  Oklahoma City metropolitan area. It was established after World War II by C.B. Warr, a dynamic businessman, builder, and commercial developer. The population was 10,452 at the 2020 census, a 4.1% increase from 2010.

The Putnam City School District Administration is located in Warr Acres, as are several Putnam City schools including Putnam City High School.

Oklahoma County, Oklahoma
Oklahoma County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 796,292, making it the most populous county in Oklahoma. The county seat is Oklahoma City, the state capital and largest city. Oklahoma County is at the heart of the Oklahoma City metropolitan statistical area. Oklahoma County is one of seven counties in the United States to share the same name as the state it is located in (the other six being Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, Iowa County, New York County (Manhattan), and Utah County), and the only one of the seven to contain the state capital, and one of two to contain a city of the same name as well.
Common source bias
Common source bias is a type of sampling bias, occurring when both dependent and independent variables are collected from the same group of people. This bias can occur in various forms of research, such as surveys, experiments, and observational studies. Some scholars believe that common source bias is a significant concern for any study as it can lead to unreliable results, and therefore must be controlled. It is most prevalent in the field of public administration research, where performance measures subject to common source bias can produce false positives when organisational performance is evaluated with explanatory and perceptual measures from the same source.

Sampling bias
In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability than others. It results in a biased sample of a population (or non-human factors) in which all individuals, or instances, were not equally likely to have been selected.  If this is not accounted for, results can be erroneously attributed to the phenomenon under study rather than to the method of sampling.

Medical sources sometimes refer to sampling bias as ascertainment bias. Ascertainment bias has basically the same definition, but is still sometimes classified as a separate type of bias.
Verna, Goa
Verna is a census town located in Salcete, Goa, India, adjacent to the village of Nagoa. It is located approximately 10 km north of the South Goa district headquarters Margão, 18 km south-east of Vasco da Gama and 23 km south-east of the state capital Panjim. It houses the hub of Verna Industrial Area where migrants from different parts of India come to work in the production sector.

Nagoa
Nagoa is a village in Salcette, Goa, adjacent to the village of Verna. It is located approximately 11 km north of the South Goa district headquarters Margão, 17 km south-east of Vasco da Gama and 22 km south-east of the state capital Panjim.
Rangiriri
Rangiriri is a rural community in the Waikato District and Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located on the Waikato River near Lake Waikare in the Waikato District. State Highway 1 now bypasses Rangiriri.

Rangiriri was the site of a major Māori defence structure during the time of the Invasion of the Waikato, the major campaign of the New Zealand Wars. The Battle of Rangiriri, which took place on 20–21 November 1863, cost both sides more than any other engagement of the land wars and also resulted in the capture of 183 Māori prisoners, which impacted on their subsequent ability to oppose the far bigger British force.

Waikato Tainui
Waikato Tainui, Waikato or Tainui is a group of Māori iwi based in the Waikato Region, in the western central region of New Zealand's North Island. It is part of the larger Tainui confederation of Polynesian settlers who arrived to New Zealand on the Tainui waka (migration canoe). The tribe is named after the Waikato River, which plays a large part in its history and culture.

Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, the first Māori king, was a member of the Ngāti Mahuta hapu (sub-tribe) of Waikato iwi, and his descendants have succeeded him. The king movement is based at Tūrangawaewae marae (meeting place) in Ngāruawāhia.

The Waikato-Tainui iwi comprises 33 hapū (sub-tribes) and 68 marae (family groupings), with a population of over 80,000 tribal members who affiliate to it. In the 2023 New Zealand census, 47,664 people gave Waikato as an affiliation. Hamilton City is now the tribe's largest population centre, but Ngāruawāhia remains its historical centre and modern capital.