hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1994 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1994 U.S. Open was the 94th U.S. Open, held June 16–20 at Oakmont Country Club in Oakmont, Pennsylvania, a suburb northeast of Pittsburgh. Ernie Els, age 24, won the first of his four major titles on the second sudden-death hole to defeat Loren Roberts, after Colin Montgomerie was eliminated in an 18-hole playoff. (Both Roberts and Montgomerie were winless in major championships, but each won several senior majors while on the Champions Tour.) It was the seventh U.S. Open and tenth major held at Oakmont, and was Arnold Palmer's final U.S. Open as a participant.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Neugrabenflöße
The Neugrabenflöße (also called the Floßgraben), was a roughly 18 km long Kunstgraben dating to the 17th century. It enabled the rafting of timber for the mining and smelting industries in the Ore Mountains of eastern Germany. It ran from the River Flöha near Fleyh (Fláje) to the Freiberger Mulde near Clausnitz in the Ore Mountains.

Kunstgraben
A Kunstgraben is a type of man-made water channel that was once used by mines to drive the water wheels needed for power, mine drainage and a host of other purposes. The term is German (plural: Kunstgräben). Similar ditches supplying water mills in England are called leats.
Edward L. G. Bowell
Edward L. G. Bowell (1943 – August 21, 2023), was an American astronomer. Bowell was educated at Emanuel School London, University College, London, and the University of Paris.

He was principal investigator of the Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search (LONEOS). He has discovered a large number of asteroids, both as part of LONEOS and in his own right before LONEOS began. Among the latter are the Jovian asteroids 2357 Phereclos, 2759 Idomeneus, 2797 Teucer, 2920 Automedon, 3564 Talthybius, 4057 Demophon, and 4489 Dracius. He also co-discovered the periodic comet 140P/Bowell-Skiff and the non-periodic comet C/1980 E1.

The outer main-belt asteroid 2246 Bowell was named in his honor. The official naming citation was published on 1 January 1981 (M.P.C. 5688).

Bowell died on August 21, 2023 in Flagstaff, Arizona.

2759 Idomeneus
2759 Idomeneus /aɪdəˈmiːniːəs/ is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 55 kilometers (34 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 14 April 1980, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at the Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona, in the United States, and later named after Idomeneus from Greek mythology. The D-type asteroid from the Jovian background population belongs to the 80 largest Jupiter trojans. It is a suspected binary system and potentially a slow rotator with a rotation period of 479 hours.
Chitpur
Chitpur (or Chitpore) is a neighbourhood in North Kolkata in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Sometimes, the entire area along Chitpur Road is referred to as Chitpur, although the various localities have distinctive names.

Cossipore
Cossipore (also spelt as Cossipur, Kashipur) is a neighbourhood of North Kolkata, in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station. Its name has been kept after Mulakchand Dewan Kashinathji, its one-time owner. He had been gifted Cossipore by Lord Clive.
Foxbridge
Foxbridge (GB) (foaled 1930) was an English Thoroughbred racehorse by Foxlaw out of Bridgemount by Bridge of Earn. His race record was 18 starts for 1 win, 3 seconds and 4 thirds. He was descended through the Bay Ronald sire line.

In 1935, the English stallion Foxbridge was purchased for £2,625 by Seton Otway and imported into New Zealand. Here he  was a very successful sire at Trelawney Stud near Cambridge, New Zealand. This remarkably consistent horse was New Zealand's most successful sire and brood-mare sire for 11 consecutive seasons. Twice he was the British Empire's champion sire.

His female offspring were to produce five Melbourne Cup winners: Hiraji, Foxzami, Macdougal, Hi Jinx and Silver Knight. Foxbridge's potency was illustrated at Ellerslie Racecourse on Boxing Day 1944, when his progeny won six races on an eight-race card.

He was inducted into the New Zealand Racing Hall of Fame in 2008.

Hiraji
Hiraji (NZ), (1943−1970), was a New Zealand-bred Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the Melbourne Cup.

Hiraji was a grey gelding sired by Nizami (Fr) out of Duvach by Foxbridge (GB). He was bred in 1943 at Duvach Lodge, Matamata, New Zealand.

Hiraji was owned by F. W. Hughes and trained by J.W. McCurley. In the 1947 Melbourne Cup he carried a weight of 7-11 (109 pounds and was ridden by Jack Purtell. Starting at odds of 12/1 in a field of 30 runners he won the cup by half a length from Fresh Boy.
Osaka Monorail Saito Line
Osaka Monorail Saito Line (大阪モノレール彩都線, Ōsaka Monorēru Saito sen) is the monorail route of the Osaka Monorail which runs from Banpaku-Kinen-Koen in Suita, Osaka Prefecture to Saito-nishi Station.
The line opened in two stages – on 1 October 1998, from Bampaku-kinen-koen Station to Handai-byoin-mae Station, and on 19 March 2007, to Saito-nishi Station, in Ibaraki, about a kilometer from the Osaka University of Foreign Studies in Minoh. The branch is 6.8 km (4.2 mi) long.

An extension was planned north of Saito-nishi Station, but plans were dropped on 27 January 2017 due to a lack of profitability as the zoning around the proposed extension was switched from residential to industrial.

Saito-nishi Station
Saito-nishi Station (彩都西駅, Saito-nishi-eki) is a monorail station on the Osaka Monorail located in Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. It is the terminus of the line. The station is located near Osaka University Minoh Campus.
HNoMS Sleipner (1936)
HNoMS Sleipner was a destroyer commissioned into the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1936. The lead ship of the Sleipner class, she gained near-legendary status in Norway by enduring over two weeks of intense air attack by Luftwaffe bombers following the 9 April 1940 invasion of Norway. After the resistance in South Norway started unravelling she made her way over the North Sea to continue the fight against the Germans from exile. After serving as a convoy escort along the coast of the United Kingdom, she was decommissioned in 1944. She was recommissioned in 1948 after being converted to a frigate. Along with her surviving sister ships she was sold for scrapping in 1959.

Dagfinn Kjeholt
Dagfinn Ellif Kjeholt (24 February 1912 – 17 September 2005) was a Norwegian naval officer.

He was born in Horten to Andreas Marentius Kristiansen and Marie Larsen. He graduated as naval officer in 1936. During the Second World War he served as second-in-command on the destroyer HNoMS Sleipner from 1939 to 1942, and was in command of the destroyer Glaisdale from 1943 to 1944. His war decorations include the St. Olav's Medal with two Oak Branches, the Norwegian War Medal, the Defence Medal 1940–1945, and the Haakon VII 70th Anniversary Medal, the British 1939–1945 Star and the Atlantic Star, the French Legion of Honour, and he was Officer of the American Legion of Merit. He continued a military career after the Second World War, and was promoted rear admiral in 1958.
Paint 3D
Paint 3D is a retired raster graphics and 3D computer graphics application which was developed as a refresh of Microsoft Paint. It is one of several 3D modeling and printing applications (formatted under 3MF) introduced or improved with the Windows 10 Creators Update, including 3D Viewer, Windows Mixed Reality, and Holograms, along with the CAD programs 3D Builder and 2D Builder.

Developed by Microsoft's Lift London studio, Paint 3D incorporates features of the Microsoft Paint and 3D Builder applications to combine a lightweight hybrid 2D-3D editing experience that allows users to pull in a variety of shapes from the app, their personal computer, and Microsoft's OneDrive service.

Remix 3D
Remix 3D was a website created by Microsoft for users to browse, distribute, and download 3D objects. The website featured a free library containing thousands of 3D objects for use in virtual reality and augmented reality applications. Remix 3D was released first to Windows Insiders and then as part of the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update, alongside Paint 3D. The service also directly integrated with and/or supported 3D Viewer, as well as Paint 3D, SketchUp, Minecraft, and PowerPoint.

In July 2019, Microsoft announced that it would be shutting down the Remix3D site on 10 January 2020. According to ZDNet, two months prior to the announcement, Microsoft Corporate Vice President Kudo Tsunoda, the person in charge of Microsoft's 3D efforts, left his job. Users are encouraged to store their creations to their Outlook.com account, instead.
2011 Sudirman Cup
The 2011 Sudirman Cup was the twelfth tournament of the Sudirman Cup. It was held from May 22–29, 2011 in Qingdao, China. According to the Badminton World Federation (BWF) 32 teams confirmed their participation, for the first time twelve teams competed in the elite group to battle for the title.

China defeated Denmark 3–0 in the final to win the Cup for the fourth consecutive time and eight time overall.

Sudirman Cup
The Sudirman Cup is an international badminton mixed team competition contested by member countries of the Badminton World Federation, the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every two years since the inaugural tournament in 1989. It used to be held at the same venue for the World Championships in the same year until the International Badminton Federation, now the BWF, decided to split the two tournaments starting from 2003. There are five matches in every Sudirman Cup tie which consists of men and women's singles, men and women's doubles, and mixed doubles. The cup is named after Sudirman (1922–1986), a former Indonesian badminton player. The current champion is China, which won its 14th title at the 2025 tournament in China.

There is no prize money in Sudirman Cup; players play for their respective countries and to earn BWF World Ranking points and national prestige.
Ubanteman
Ubanteman is a village on Abaiang, atoll in Kiribati.  There are 126 residents of the village (2010 census). To its north is Takarano, and to its east is Tebunginako.

Ubwanteman presently does not suffer from coastal erosion but further towards Takarano, there is extreme erosion and coconut palms are already standing on the beach and public roads are being damaged.

Takarano
Takarano is a  the most northern village on Abaiang, an atoll in Kiribati. Ubanteman is the village to its south.

There are 348 residents of Takarano (2010 census). The village has a medical clinic that is staffed by a nursing officer, and which serves residents of the Takarano and Ubwanteman communities.

At the northern point of Takarano, extreme erosion has been experienced on both the ocean side of the tip of the island and on the lagoon side; the coast has eroded and accreted over the years.
Wayne Albee
Wayne Clinton Albee (1882–1937) was an American pictorialist photographer, best known for his portraits of dancers such as ballerina Anna Pavlova, Adoplh Bolm of the Ballets Russes, and early modern dance pioneers Doris Humphrey, Ted Shawn, and Ruth St. Denis.

Albee got his start at age sixteen, working in a photographic supply shop owned by Byron Harmon. He went on to work for McBride Studios with business partner Ella E. McBride. She soon become a well-known photographer in her own right, and credited Albee's influence with inspiring her to learn to take her own photographs. He also was an early mentor to the Japanese American photographers Frank Kunishige and Soichi Sunami, who assisted him at McBride Studios.

He was an informal advisor to the Seattle Camera Club, and he also served for many years as the chief judge at the Frederick & Nelson art salons.

Ella E. McBride
Ella Etna McBride (November 17, 1862 – September 14, 1965) was an American fine-art photographer, mountain climber, and centenarian known for her career achievements after age sixty. In addition to running her own photography studio for over thirty years, she also spent eight years running the photography studio of Edward S. Curtis.

She was a member of the Seattle Camera Club and an early mentor of Japanese-American photographers Frank Kunishige and Soichi Sunami.
ASME Y14.41
ASME Y14.41 is a standard published by American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) which establishes requirements and reference documents applicable to the preparation and revision
of digital product definition data (also known as model-based definition), which pertains to CAD software and those who use CAD software to create the product definition within the 3D model. ASME issued the first version of this industrial standard on Aug 15, 2003 as ASME Y14.41-2003. It was immediately adopted by several industrial organizations, as well as the Department of Defense (DOD). The latest revision of ASME Y14.41 was issued on Jan 23, 2019 as ASME Y14.41-2019.

Model-based definition
Model-based definition (MBD), sometimes called digital product definition (DPD), is the practice of using 3D models (such as solid models, 3D PMI and associated metadata) within 3D CAD software to define (provide specifications for) individual components and product assemblies.  The types of information included are geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T), component level materials, assembly level bills of materials, engineering configurations, design intent, etc.  By contrast, other methodologies have historically required accompanying use of 2D engineering drawings to provide such details.
Velykyi Bereznyi
Velykyi Bereznyi (Ukrainian: Великий Березний; Slovak: Veľké Berezné; Hungarian: Nagyberezna) is a rural settlement in Uzhhorod Raion, Zakarpattia Oblast, western Ukraine. The settlement was formerly the administrative center of Velykyi Bereznyi Raion, housing the district's local administration buildings until the raion's abolition, and is now administered within Uzhhorod Raion. The settlement's population was 6,655 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 7,078 in 2011. Current population: 7,713 (2022 estimate).

Uzhhorod Raion
Uzhhorod Raion (Ukrainian: Ужгородський район; Hungarian: Ungvári járás) is one of the raions (districts) of Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Uzhhorod. Over 30% of population in the raion speak the Hungarian language according to the latest census. Population: 255,000 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast was reduced to six, and the area of Uzhhorod Raion was significantly expanded. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 71,640 (2020 est.).

Some Romanians live in this raion. They live more precisevly in the area of Poroshkovo and are known in Romanian as volohi.
Bayerische Landesbank
Bayerische Landesbank, also known as BayernLB, is a publicly regulated bank based in Munich, Germany and one of the six Landesbanken. It is 75% owned by the Free State of Bavaria (indirectly via BayernLB Holding AG) and 25% owned by the Sparkassenverband Bayern, the umbrella organization of Bavarian Sparkassen. With a balance of €285,70 billion and 7,703 employees (in the group; 3,343 in the bank itself), it is the seventh-largest financial institution in Germany.

BayernLB has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.

Landesbank
In German-speaking jurisdictions, Landesbank (plural Landesbanken), lit. 'bank of the Land', refers to a category of public sector banks that are owned by one or more of the Länder (federated internally self-governing states). Institutions of this type exist in most German states, as well as Austria and Switzerland.
Bernard Bailyn
Bernard Bailyn (September 10, 1922 – August 7, 2020) was an American historian, author, and academic specializing in U.S. Colonial and Revolutionary-era History. He was a professor at Harvard University from 1953.  Bailyn won the Pulitzer Prize for History twice (in 1968 and 1987). In 1998 the National Endowment for the Humanities selected him for the Jefferson Lecture. He was a recipient of the 2010 National Humanities Medal.

He specialized in American colonial and revolutionary-era history, looking at merchants, demographic trends, Loyalists, international links across the Atlantic, and especially the political ideas that motivated the Patriots. He was best known for studies of republicanism and Atlantic history that transformed the scholarship in those fields. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1963 and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1971.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Liverpool Pals
The Liverpool Pals were Pals battalions formed during the First World War as part of the King's (Liverpool) Regiment. They, along with the Manchester Pals, are commemorated at a small memorial in France.

Pals battalion
The pals battalions of World War I were specially constituted battalions of the British Army comprising men who enlisted together in local recruiting drives, with the promise that they would be able to serve alongside their friends, neighbours and colleagues, rather than being arbitrarily allocated to battalions.

While initially popular as a means to appeal to volunteers, heavy casualties to several pals battalions would devastate local communities throughout Britain; this became particularly apparent during the Battle of the Somme. With the introduction of conscription in 1916, the remaining pals battalions were either dissolved, reorganized with other forces, or reinforced by a regionally diverse group of conscripts, ending their local character.
Camp Bonifas
Camp Bonifas is a United Nations Command military post located 400 m (1,300 ft) south of the southern boundary of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). It is 2,400 m (7,900 ft) south of the Military Demarcation Line, which forms the border between South Korea (the Republic of Korea) and North Korea (the Democratic People's Republic of Korea). It was returned to the Republic of Korea in 2006.

Military Demarcation Line
The Military Demarcation Line (MDL), sometimes referred to as the Armistice Line, is the land border or demarcation line between North Korea and South Korea. On either side of the line is the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). The MDL and DMZ were established by the Korean Armistice Agreement.

In the Yellow Sea, the two Koreas are divided by a de facto maritime "military demarcation line" and maritime boundary called the Northern Limit Line (NLL) drawn by the United Nations Command in 1953. The NLL is not described by the Korean Armistice Agreement.
Odeon of Herodes Atticus
The Odeon of Herodes Atticus (Greek: Ωδείο Ηρώδου του Αττικού; also called Herodeion or Herodion; Greek: Ηρώδειο) is a stone greek theatre structure located on the southwest slope of the Acropolis of Athens, Greece. The building was completed in AD 161 and then renovated in 1950.

Athens Epidaurus Festival
Athens – Epidaurus Festival is an annual arts festival that takes place in Athens and Epidaurus, from May to October. It is one of the most famous festivals in Greece.

It is held every year during the summer months (Fridays and Saturdays in July and August), in part in the ancient theatre of Epidaurus, on the archaeological site of the Asclepion. The festival includes musical, theatrical and other cultural events. They include performances of tragedies by Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides, as well as surviving comedies by Aristophanes; some performances consist simply of revivals of ancient myths or contemporary plays written on the basis of ancient dramas.
Pathfinder tendency
The Pathfinder tendency is the unofficial name of a group of historically Trotskyist organizations that cooperate politically and organizationally with the Socialist Workers Party of the United States and support its solidarity with the Cuban Revolution and the Communist Party of Cuba.

The group operates Pathfinder Bookstores, which sell the products of the SWP's publishing arm, Pathfinder Press. It is also known as the International Communist League, although this term is not widely used, and can cause confusion with other organizations of the same name. The Communist Leagues, even those in non-English-speaking countries, sell the SWP publication The Militant.

The Militant
The Militant is a socialist newsweekly connected to the United States Socialist Workers Party (SWP) and the Pathfinder Press. It is published in the United States and distributed in other countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, France, Sweden, Iceland, and New Zealand.
Castelmassa
Castelmassa is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Venice and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Rovigo.   
Castelmassa borders the following municipalities: Calto, Castelnovo Bariano, Ceneselli, Felonica, Sermide.

Castelnovo Bariano
Castelnovo Bariano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 miles) southwest of Venice and about 40 kilometres (25 miles) west of Rovigo.

Castelnovo Bariano borders the following municipalities: Bergantino, Carbonara di Po, Castelmassa, Ceneselli, Giacciano con Baruchella, Legnago, Sermide e Felonica and Villa Bartolomea.
Frederick Brownell
Frederick Gordon Brownell OMSS SM & Bar MMM  KStJ (8 March 1940 – 10 May 2019) was a South African herald, vexillologist, and genealogist.

He designed the flag of South Africa and claimed to have designed the flag of Namibia.

Bureau of Heraldry
The Bureau of Heraldry is the South African heraldic authority, established in Pretoria on 1 June 1963. It is headed by a State Herald (known unofficially as the National Herald since 2004) and its functions are to register arms, badges, flags and seals (as well as names and uniforms), to keep a public register, to issue registration certificates and, since 1980, to advise the government on heraldic matters. Together with the Heraldry Council, it forms part of the National Archives and Records Service (formerly called the State Archives Service), which is currently under the authority of the Minister of Sports, Arts and Culture.