hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cuisine of Luxembourg
Luxembourgish cuisine reflects the country's position between the Latin and Germanic countries, influenced by the cuisines of neighbouring France, Belgium and Germany. Recently, it has been influenced by the country's many Italian and Portuguese immigrants. As in Germany, most traditional, everyday Luxembourg dishes are of peasant origin, in contrast to the more sophisticated French fare.

Judd mat Gaardebounen
Judd mat Gaardebounen is a savory dish of smoked pork collar and broad beans which is one of the most widely recognized national dishes of Luxembourg. It is associated with the village of Gostingen in the south-east of the country where the inhabitants have earned the nickname of Bounepatscherten ("bean-madmen") as a result of their well-known broad beans.
Hermine Braunsteiner
Hermine Braunsteiner Ryan (July 16, 1919 – April 19, 1999) was an Austrian SS Helferin and female camp guard at Ravensbrück and Majdanek concentration camps. She was the first Nazi war criminal to be extradited from the United States to face trial in West Germany. Braunsteiner was known to prisoners of Majdanek concentration camp as "the Mare" because she was said to have kicked and stamped on prisoners, thrown children by their hair onto trucks that took them to be murdered in gas chambers, hanged young prisoners, and beaten prisoners to death.

Braunsteiner was convicted for her complicity and collaborating in murders of over 1,000 people during the Holocaust. She was sentenced to life imprisonment by the District Court of Düsseldorf on April 30, 1981. She was released on health grounds in 1996, and died three years later.

Maspeth, Queens
Maspeth is a residential and commercial community in the borough of Queens in New York City. It was founded in the early 17th century by Dutch and English settlers. Neighborhoods sharing borders with Maspeth are Woodside to the north; Sunnyside to the northwest; Greenpoint, Brooklyn, to the west; East Williamsburg, Brooklyn, to the southwest; Fresh Pond and Ridgewood to the south; and Middle Village and Elmhurst to the east.

Maspeth is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11378. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Maspeth is represented by the New York City Council's 26th and 30th districts.
Acquacanina
Acquacanina is a frazione (hamlet) of the comune of Fiastra in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata. The municipal seat is in the frazione of Piè del Colle.

It was an autonomous comune until  31 December 2016.

Fiastra
Fiastra is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata.

Fiastra borders the following municipalities: Camerino, Cessapalombo, Fiordimonte, Pievebovigliana, San Ginesio, Sarnano. On 1 January 2017, it incorporated the former commune of Acquacanina.

Among the churches is that of San Paolo.
Borough 9 (Düsseldorf)
Borough 9 (German: Stadtbezirk 9) is a southern borough of Düsseldorf, the state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The borough covers an area of 36.57 square kilometres and (as of December 2020) has approximately 94,000 inhabitants, making it the city's second most populous borough after Borough 3.

The borough borders Düsseldorf Boroughs 3 and 8 to the north, and 10 to the south. To the east and west the borough borders the rural districts of Mettmann and Rhein-Kreis Neuss respectively.

Borough 8 (Düsseldorf)
Borough 8 (German: Stadtbezirk 8) is a southeastern borough of Düsseldorf, the state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The borough covers an area of 20.96 square kilometres and (as of December 2020) has about 61,000 inhabitants. The borough borders with the Düsseldorf boroughs 2, 3, 7 and 9. To the East the borough borders with the rural district of Mettmann.
Viking Ship Museum (Oslo)
The Viking Ship Museum (Norwegian: Vikingskipshuset på Bygdøy) is located on the Bygdøy peninsula in Oslo, Norway. It is temporarily closed from September 2021 until 2027.

It is part of the Museum of Cultural History of the University of Oslo, and houses three Viking era burial ships that were found as part of archaeological finds from Tune, Gokstad (Sandefjord), Oseberg (Tønsberg) and the Borre mound cemetery.

Bygdøy
Bygdøy or Bygdø is a peninsula situated on the western side of Oslo, Norway. Administratively, Bygdøy is part of the borough of Frogner. It historically was part of Aker Municipality and became part of Oslo in 1948.

Bygdøy is a popular recreation area and is among the most fashionable residential areas in Norway, where the most expensive properties in the entire country are found. Bygdøy is also the home of five national museums as well as a royal estate. Wealthy families of Christiania acquired country houses in Bygdøy during the 18th and 19th centuries; by the 19th century Bygdøy had become a favourite of the wealthy in the capital region and was exclusively settled by the wealthy and their servants.
Native American Community Academy
Native American Community Academy (NACA) is a charter K-12 school in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States.

It opened in 2006. Originally it was a grade 6-12 school, with grades 6-10 taking classes at temporary buildings on the grounds of Wilson Middle School, and with grades 11-12 attending classes at University of New Mexico School of Law. All school buses went to Wilson, with grade 11-12 students transported to/from Wilson to the UNM Law building.

In 2013 all grades moved to Building 232 of the former Albuquerque Indian School, also known as the Employees' New Dormitory and Club, which was the only remaining building of the AIS campus. The prospective enrollment was 380. The school planned to add elementary grades later. The school preserved the exterior of its current campus.

On July 21, 2014, NACA started a Native American-oriented charter school network, with its first campus being Dream Diné Charter School in Shiprock, New Mexico.

Employees' New Dormitory and Club
The Employees' New Dormitory and Club, also known as Building 232, is a historic building in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Built in 1931, it is notable as the only surviving building of the Albuquerque Indian School, which operated at this location from 1882 to 1976. It was added to the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties in 1981 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Preston, Brighton
Preston or Preston Village is a suburb of Brighton and Hove, in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. It is to the north of the centre. Originally a village in its own right, it was eventually absorbed into Brighton with the development of the farmland owned by the local Stanford family, officially becoming a parish of the town in 1928. Stanford-owned land to the south of Preston Manor was given to the town and now makes up Preston Park, one of the largest parks in the now conjoined city of Brighton and Hove. The park hosts some of the city's major public events such as Brighton Pride.

Preston, the suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia was named after the village in 1856.

St John the Evangelist's Church, Preston Village
St John the Evangelist's Church is an Anglican church in the Preston Village area of Brighton, in the English city of Brighton and Hove.  The Grade II listed building, designed by Sir Arthur Blomfield, was started in 1901 but did not take its present form for another quarter of a century.  In the meantime, the nearby parish church of Preston was severely damaged by fire, and the new church was granted the parish church status which it still retains.
Monument to Commemorate Chinese Victims of the Atomic Bombing
The Monument to Commemorate Chinese Victims of the Atomic Bombing (中国人原爆犠牲者追悼碑, Chūgokujin genbaku giseisha tsuitōhi) is in Nagasaki Peace Park in Nagasaki, Japan. During WWII, at least 40,000 Chinese laborers were forcibly brought to Japan from China to make up for a nationwide labor shortage. There were about 1,000 Chinese laborers forced to work in mines in Nagasaki. During the atomic bomb on Nagasaki, 32 of those Chinese laborers died.

The Nagasaki memorial commemorates those 32 Chinese, brought to Japan as forced labourers and made to work as coal-miners, who were in Urakami Prison and died in the atomic bombing of the city on August 9, 1945, during World War II. The monument was unveiled on July 7, 2013.  According to the Japan Times, there were 33 Chinese prisoners in jail for various charges, which included spying. There was one survivor from among the prisoners, who later died under interrogation.

Nagasaki Peace Park
Nagasaki Peace Park is a park located in Nagasaki, Japan, commemorating the atomic bombing of the city on August 9, 1945 during World War II. It is next to the Atomic Bomb Museum and near the Peace Memorial Hall.
Ivanivka, Odesa Oblast
Ivanivka (Ukrainian: Іванівка) is a rural settlement in Berezivka Raion, in the west of Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Ivanivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,362 (2022 estimate).

Ivanivka is located on the right bank of the Velykyi Kuialnyk.

Velykyi Kuialnyk
The Velykyi Kuialnyk (Ukrainian: Великий Куяльник) or Bolshoy Kuyalnik (Russian: Большой Куяльник) is a river in Podilsk and Berezivka Raions of Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. It flows into the Kuialnyk Estuary of the Black Sea. The river spans 150 kilometres (93 mi), with a drainage basin covering 1,860 square kilometres (720 sq mi). The urban-type settlements of Shyriaieve and Ivanivka are located along its banks.

Historically, the Velykyi Kuialnyk was navigable and, along with the Dniester, served as a route for transporting goods to the Black Sea, bypassing the cascades of the Dnieper River. However, in 2007–2008, illegal sand diggers constructed a dam at the river’s mouth, which prevented it from emptying into the sea. The dam has not been removed, resulting in the gradual drying of the estuary.
Flag of Yugoslavia
The flag of Yugoslavia was the official flag of the Yugoslav state from 1918 to 1992. The flag's design and symbolism are derived from the Pan-Slavic movement, which ultimately led to the unification of the South Slavs and the creation of a united south-Slavic state in 1918.

The flag had three equal horizontal bands of blue, white, and red and was first used by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1918 to 1941. A red star was added in its center by the victorious Yugoslav Partisans in World War II and this design was used until the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, whereupon the changes where reverted. This version continued to be used by the direct successor state to Yugoslavia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, until its own dissolution in 2006. Today, the flag still holds meaning to those nostalgic for Yugoslavia or who admire its anti-fascist symbolism.

Flag of Montenegro
The national flag of Montenegro (zastava Crne Gore) has a red field with gold border and the coat of arms of Montenegro in its center. It was officially adopted on 13 July 2004, when the then Republic of Montenegro was a constituent of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, and its precise specification was standardized on 16 September 2004. The flag was retained after Montenegrin independence from Serbia in 2006, and mandated by Article 4 of the Constitution of Montenegro adopted in 2007.
Neobeguea
Neobeguea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Meliaceae.

It is native to Madagascar.

The genus name of Neobeguea is in honour of Louis Henri Bégué (1906–1979), French civil servant in the forestry service in Madagascar. 
It was first described and published in J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl. Vol.17 on page 232 in 1970.

Meliaceae
Meliaceae, the mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs (and a few herbaceous plants, mangroves) in the order Sapindales.

They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous, apparently cryptically unisexual flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes or clusters. Most species are evergreen, but some are deciduous, either in the dry season or in winter.

The family includes about 53 genera and about 600 known species, with a pantropical distribution; one genus (Toona) extends north into temperate China and south into southeast Australia, another (Synoum) into southeast Australia, and another (Melia) nearly as far north. They most commonly grow as understory trees in rainforests, but are also found in mangroves and arid regions.

The fossil record of the family extends back into the Late Cretaceous.
Cross electrophile coupling
Cross electrophile coupling (XEC or sometimes CEC) is a type of cross-coupling reaction that occurs between two electrophiles.  It is often catalyzed by transition metal catalyst(s). Unlike conventional cross-coupling reactions of an electrophile with an organometallic reagent, the coupling partners in cross electrophile coupling reactions are both electrophiles. Generally, additional reductant to regenerate active catalyst is needed in this reaction.

Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this:

R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl;
M = main group center such as Li or Mg;
X = halide

These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.  Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
Sagamihara Gion Stadium
Sagamihara Gion Stadium (相模原ギオンスタジアム) is a multi-use stadium in Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Japan. It was formerly known as Sagamihara Asamizo Stadium since it is located in Sagamihara Asamizo Park.

Since the naming rights were sold in March 2014, it has been called Sagamihara Gion Stadium. It is currently used mostly for football matches and athletics events and is the home ground of SC Sagamihara. This stadium has a seating capacity of 11,808.

SC Sagamihara
Sports Club Sagamihara (スポーツクラブ相模原, Supōtsukurabu Sagamihara) commonly known as SC Sagamihara (SC相模原, Esu Shī Sagamihara) is a Japanese professional football club based in Sagamihara, Kanagawa Prefecture. They currently play in the J3 League, Japanese third tier of professional football.
Llangan
Llangan (Welsh: Llanganna) is a small village and community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) outside the market town of Cowbridge. As a community it contains the settlements of St Mary Hill, Treoes and Llangan itself. It is in the historic county of Glamorgan.

Llangan became an important religious site in the late 18th century due to the work and preaching of its church's vicar David Jones, an early supporter of Calvinistic Methodism in Wales.

St Mary Hill
St Mary Hill (Welsh: Eglwys Fair Y Mynydd) is a settlement in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) north west of the market town of Cowbridge. It is part of the community of Llangan along with Treoes and the village of Llangan itself.
Polish prisoners and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania (1919–1921)
Polish prisoners of war and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania — Polish soldiers and citizens who were captured and interned during the Polish–Soviet War and remained in the custody of Soviet and Lithuanian authorities. Their condition is one of the less researched  controversies of that period.

Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War
Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War, fought in 1919–20, concerning the behaviour of the military forces and crimes they committed. Each side charged the other with violations of international law in an effort to sway public opinion in the West, which was felt to be important for both sides.
Proof theory
Proof theory is a major branch of mathematical logic and theoretical computer science within which proofs are treated as formal mathematical objects, facilitating their analysis by mathematical techniques. Proofs are typically presented as inductively defined data structures such as lists, boxed lists, or trees, which are constructed according to the axioms and rules of inference of a given logical system. Consequently, proof theory is syntactic in nature, in contrast to model theory, which is semantic in nature.

Some of the major areas of proof theory include structural proof theory, ordinal analysis, provability logic, proof-theoretic semantics, reverse mathematics, proof mining, automated theorem proving, and proof complexity. Much research also focuses on applications in computer science, linguistics, and philosophy.

Jean-Yves Girard
Jean-Yves Girard (French: [ʒiʁaʁ]; born 1947) is a French logician working in proof theory. He is a research director (emeritus) at the mathematical institute of University of Aix-Marseille, at Luminy.
Planorbis
Planorbis is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails, or planorbids. All species in this genus have sinistral or left-coiling shells.

Planorbis intermixtus
Planorbis intermixtus is an extant species of freshwater gastropod belonging to the family Planorbidae. It can be found across much of Southeastern Europe and West Asia. It has a fossil record dating back to the early Holocene. It can be an intermediate host to trematode and roundworm parasites.
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
EPFL (officially no longer an acronym; originally short for French: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, lit. 'Federal School of Technology in Lausanne') is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland. Founded in 1969, the university primarily teaches and conducts research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.

Like its sister institution ETH Zurich, EPFL is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain, a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research. As of 2024, EPFL enrolled 14,012 students from over 130 countries.

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with EPFL include a Nobel laureate, two Fields Medalists, two Pritzker Prize winners, and one Turing Award recipient. EPFL has an urban campus that extends alongside Lake Geneva, and includes the EPFL Innovation Park as well as university research centers and affiliated laboratories.

ETH Domain
The Domain of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (ETH Domain, German: ETH-Bereich, French: Domaine des Écoles polytechniques fédérales) is a union of Swiss governmental universities and research institutions. It primarily consists of the following institutions:

Federal institutes of technology

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ)

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

Federal research institutes

Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)

Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa)

Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag)

Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)

Competence centers

CCEM (Energy & Mobility)

CCES (Environment & Sustainability)

CCMX (Materials Science & Technology)

NCCBI (Biomedical Imaging)
Lannemezan
Lannemezan (French pronunciation: [lanməzɑ̃]; Gascon Occitan Lanamesa, "heath of the middle") is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department and the Occitanie region in south-western France. The inhabitants are called Lannemezanais.

Lannemezan is the largest city in the Communauté de communes du Plateau de Lannemezan.

Tarbes
Tarbes (French pronunciation: [taʁb]; Gascon: Tarba) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in the Occitanie region of southwestern France. It is the capital of Bigorre and of the Hautes-Pyrénées. It has been a commune since 1790. It was known as Turba or Tarba in Roman times. Tarbes is part of the historical region of Gascony.

Formerly of strong industrial tradition, Tarbes today tries to diversify its activities, particularly in aeronautics and high tech around the different zones of activities which are increasing. The recent development of Tarbais beans and other regional specialties also shows a willingness to develop the agri-food industry thus justifying its nickname of "market town". Its 42,888 inhabitants are called Tarbaises and the Tarbais.

It is the seat of the diocese of Tarbes-et-Lourdes. The 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment and 35th Parachute Artillery Regiment are stationed in Tarbes.
Peter Egerton-Warburton
Colonel Peter Egerton-Warburton CMG FRGS (16 August 1813 – 5 November 1889), often referred to as Major Warburton, was a British military officer, Commissioner of Police for South Australia, and an Australian explorer. In 1872 he sealed his legacy through a particularly epic expedition from Adelaide crossing the arid centre of Australia to the coast of Western Australia via Alice Springs.

Egerton family
The Egerton family (pronunciation: "edge-er-ton") is a British aristocratic family. Over time, several members of the Egerton family were made Dukes, Earls, knights, baronets and peers. Hereditary titles held by the Egerton family include the dukedoms of Bridgewater (1720–1803) and Sutherland (since 1963), as well as the earldoms of Bridgewater (1617–1829), Wilton (1801–1999) and Egerton (1897–1909). Several other members of the family have also risen to prominence. The Egerton family motto is Virtuti non armis fido ("I put my faith in valour not arms").
Avliotes
Avliotes (Greek: Αυλιώτες) is a mountain settlement lying at the northwest side of Corfu, Greece, 40 km from Corfu Town.  It is a community of the municipal unit of Esperies.  It is set 120m above sea level, against a background of green hills. Population 1,299 (2021).

Esperies
Esperies (Greek: Εσπερίες) is a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform it is part of the municipality North Corfu, of which it is a municipal unit. It is located in the northwest corner of the island of Corfu. It has a land area of 54.462 square kilometres (21.03 sq mi) and a population of 6,925 (2021 census). The seat of the municipality was the town of Velonades.
Steinar Sverd Johnsen
Steinar Sverd Johnsen (born 1972) is a Norwegian keyboardist and composer. Sverd plays keyboards and synthesizers in Arcturus and was also the main composer for the band. He formed the band with Marius Vold (Mortem, Stigma Diabolicum of Thorns, and Jan Axel Blomberg (also known as Hellhammer) of Mayhem in 1987, originally under the moniker Mortem (where he played guitar). The band split up in April 2007, but reformed in 2011.

In 1998, Sverd was recruited by the band, The Kovenant, known at the time as Covenant, along with Hellhammer. After the release of the album Nexus Polaris, Sverd and the band parted ways. Until his return to the band with the Nexus Polaris reunion in 2024.

Sverd has also been a guest on a few releases by prominent Norwegian black metal bands, Ulver and Satyricon.

Aspera Hiems Symfonia
Aspera Hiems Symfonia (Latin for "Harsh Winter Symphony") is the debut studio album by the Norwegian avant-garde metal band Arcturus. It has primarily a black metal sound, though still contains many of the experimental elements that would be expanded upon on their following albums, which saw the band shift permanently into the genres of avant-garde and progressive metal. Four of the album's songs are re-recorded versions of tracks from the Constellation EP, whereas the other four are new songs.