hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Gretton, 2nd Baron Gretton
John Frederic Gretton, 2nd Baron Gretton OBE (15 August 1902 – 26 March 1982), was a British peer and Conservative Member of Parliament.

Gretton was the son of John Gretton, 1st Baron Gretton, and Hon. Maud Helen de Moleyns, daughter of Dayrolles Blakeney Eveleigh-de-Moleyns, 4th Baron Ventry.  Lord Gretton was educated at Eton.

He was elected to the House of Commons for Burton in 1943 (succeeding his father), a seat he held until 1945. Two years later he succeeded his father as second Baron Gretton and entered the House of Lords.

Lord Gretton married on 6 May 1930 Anna Helena, known as Margaret, elder daughter of Captain Henrik Loeffler, of 51 Grosvenor Square, London. She was a JP in 1943 for Staffordshire and lived at the Rectory, Ufford, near Stamford, Lincolnshire.

John Henrik Gretton, 3rd Baron

Anthony David Erik (25 Jul 1945 – 13 Nov 1982)

Mary Ann Maud Sigrid (5 Jan 1939- )

Elizabeth Margaret (25 Jul 1945- )

John Gretton, 1st Baron Gretton
John Gretton, 1st Baron Gretton, CBE, VD, TD, PC, JP, DL (1 September 1867 – 2 June 1947) was a British businessman and Conservative politician.  Gretton won two gold medals in the 1900 Olympic Games. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for 46 years, representing three midlands-based constituencies in that period.
Jacek Żakowski
Jacek Wojciech Żakowski (born 17 August 1957) is a Polish journalist and author. In 1989 he was head of the editorial division of Gazeta Wyborcza, 1989–1990 spokesman of the Citizens Parliamentary Club, in 1991–1992 president of the Polish Agency Informacyjna, journalist of the weekly Polityka. Since 1999 head of the Collegium Civitas Journalism Department in Warsaw.

Polityka
Polityka (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈlitɨka], Politics) is a centre-left weekly news magazine in Poland. It had a circulation of 95,300 during 2021. Polityka has a socially liberal profile, targeting the intelligentsia, setting it apart from the more conservative Wprost and the glossier approach of Newsweek Polska.

Prominent editors and permanent contributors have included Adam Krzemiński, Janina Paradowska, Daniel Passent, Adam Szostkiewicz, Jacek Żakowski, Ryszard Kapuściński, Jerzy Urban, and Krzysztof Zanussi.
Chris Jay
Chris Jay is a musician, songwriter, screenwriter, producer, actor, journalist and podcaster best known as the frontman and founder of the rock band Army of Freshmen and for co-writing and acting in the comedy film The Bet.

The Bet (2016 film)
The Bet is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Ryan Ederer and written by Chris Jay and Aaron Goldberg. The film features appearances from several professional wrestlers and is also the final film of Roddy Piper.
Macdonaldtown
Macdonaldtown was previously a suburb in Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The suburb was incorporated into  Erskineville and Newtown. All that remains of Macdonaldtown's legacy is Macdonaldtown railway station. Macdonaldtown was 4 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, adjacent to the suburbs of Newtown, Eveleigh and Erskineville. Macdonaldtown is informally part of the region of the Inner West.

Erskineville
Erskineville (previously known as Macdonaldtown) is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located 6 kilometres south west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney. Erskineville is a diverse suburb homing to a wide variety of ethnicity from its varying Southeast Europe and Aboriginal community. Erskineville is colloquially known as Erko.

Erskineville is bordered by the suburbs of Newtown to the west, Redfern to the north, St Peters to the south, and Alexandria to the east. The locality of Macdonaldtown sits over the north-west border.

Erskineville is a residential suburb. Erskineville Oval is located on the eastern border of the suburb.
Grey triggerfish
The grey triggerfish (Balistes capriscus), or gray triggerfish, is a species of ray-finned fish in the triggerfish family Balistidae, the triggerfishes. The species is native to shallow parts of the western Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Argentina and also the eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea and off Angola on the west coast of Africa.

In its appearance and habits, the grey triggerfish is a typical member of the genus Balistes except for its drab, uniformly grey colouration. It is a relatively small fish, usually less than 2.3 kg (5.1 lb) in weight. It is fished recreationally and despite its tough skin, is an excellent food-fish. The species is classified as 'vulnerable' by the IUCN Red List.

Triggerfish
Triggerfish are about 40 species of often brightly colored marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Balistidae. Often marked by lines and spots, they inhabit tropical and subtropical oceans throughout the world, with the greatest species richness in the Indo-Pacific. Most are found in relatively shallow, coastal habitats, especially at coral reefs, but a few, such as the oceanic triggerfish (Canthidermis maculata), are pelagic. While several species from this family are popular in the marine aquarium trade, they are often notoriously ill-tempered.
King Christian Island
King Christian Island is an uninhabited member of the Arctic Archipelago in the Sverdrup Islands, a part of the Queen Elizabeth Islands archipelago, in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It lies in the Arctic Ocean, 13.5 km (8.4 mi) from the southwestern coast of Ellef Ringnes Island, separated by the Danish Strait.

The island has an area of 645 km2 (249 sq mi), measures 38.8 km (24.1 mi) long and 25.7 km (16.0 mi) wide.

Ellef Ringnes Island
Ellef Ringnes Island is an uninhabited island and one of the Sverdrup Islands in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. A member of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and Arctic Archipelago, it is located in the Arctic Ocean, east of Borden Island, and west of Amund Ringnes Island. It has an area of 11,295 km2 (4,361 sq mi), making it the 69th largest island in the world (slightly larger than Jamaica) and Canada's 16th largest island. Its highest mount is 260 m (850 ft).

The island was named by Otto Sverdrup for Oslo brewer Ellef Ringnes, one of the sponsors of his expedition. It was first sighted by Europeans in 1901 by one of Sverdrup's men. The island was then claimed by Norway from 1902 until the claim was relinquished in favour of Canada in 1930.
Gmina Kazimierz Biskupi
Gmina Kazimierz Biskupi is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kazimierz Biskupi, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Konin and 86 km (53 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 107.96 square kilometres (41.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,459.

Kazimierz Biskupi
Kazimierz Biskupi (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈʑimjɛʐ bisˈkupi]) is a village in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in West Central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kazimierz Biskupi.
Earlston Sevens
Earlston Sevens is an annual rugby sevens event held by Earlston RFC, in Earlston, Scotland. This was one of a group of Sevens tournaments instated after the First World War extending the original Borders Spring Circuit. The Earlston Sevens began in 1923.

The Earlston Sevens is part of the Kings of the Sevens championship run by the Border League.

2019's Earlston Sevens was played on 5 May 2019. It was won by Watsonians.

Earlston RFC
Earlston RFC is a rugby union club, based at Earlston in the Scottish Borders (formerly Berwickshire).

Earlston is in the East Division 3 of the East Regional League. It is the largest Scottish Borders club not to participate in the Border League.

It takes part in the Borders Sevens Circuit each May, which is the oldest tournament of its kind in the world. Rugby sevens were invented at Melrose nearby.
15&
15& (Korean: 피프틴앤드, also known as Fifteen And) was a South Korean duo formed by JYP Entertainment in 2012. The duo consisted of Park Ji-min and Baek Ye-rin. The name refers to fifteen being their age at debut, with the ampersand meaning they can continue to have success into the future. They released their debut single "I Dream" on October 5, 2012. Following a four-year hiatus which began in February 2015, the group de facto disbanded upon the expiration of both members' contracts with JYP Entertainment in 2019.

JYP Entertainment
JYP Entertainment Corporation (Korean: JYP 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment and record label conglomerate founded in 1997 by J.Y. Park. Operating as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management company, concert production company and music publishing house, it is one of the largest entertainment companies in South Korea. The company also operates subsidiary ventures and divisions internationally.
Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis
The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis in April 1559 ended the Italian Wars (1494–1559). It consisted of two separate treaties, one between England and France on 2 April, and another between France and Spain on 3 April. Although he was not a signatory, both were approved by Emperor Ferdinand I, since many of the territorial exchanges concerned states within the Holy Roman Empire.

Henry II of France abandoned claims on the Italian states ruled by Philip II of Spain (the southern kingdoms of Naples, Sicily, and Sardinia, along with the Duchy of Milan in the north), restored an independent Savoy, returned Corsica to Genoa, and formally recognised the Protestant Elizabeth I as queen of England, rather than her Catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots. In exchange, France strengthened its southern, eastern and northern borders, confirming the occupation of the Three Bishoprics and the recapture of Calais from England.

Battle of St. Quentin (1557)
The Battle of Saint-Quentin of 1557 was a decisive engagement of the Italian War of 1551–1559 between the Kingdom of France and the Spanish Empire, at Saint-Quentin in Picardy. A Habsburg Spanish force under Duke Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy defeated a French army under the command of Louis de Gonzague, and Anne de Montmorency, Duke of Montmorency.
1932 Tour de France
The 1932 Tour de France was the 26th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 6 to 31 July. It consisted of 21 stages over 4,479 km (2,783 mi).

André Leducq, who also won six stages, won the race, thanks to the bonification system; had the bonification system not existed, the margin between Leducq and Kurt Stöpel would only have been three seconds.

Kurt Stöpel
Kurt Stöpel (12 March 1908 – 11 June 1997) was a German professional road bicycle racer. In the 1932 Tour de France, Stöpel won the second stage and was leading the general classification for one day, and finished in second place in the final general classification. He was the first German to wear the yellow jersey, and the first German to finish on the podium in Paris. He won the German National Road Race in 1934.
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1999
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1999 took place February 19–28, 1999 in Ramsau am Dachstein, Austria. The large hill ski jumping events took place at the Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze in Bischofshofen. The 7.5 km Nordic combined sprint event debuted at these championships.

Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze
Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze ("Paul Ausserleitner Hill") is ski jumping hill opened in 1947 as "Hochkönigsschanze", re-built in 2004, and is part of a complex of ski jumping hills located in Bischofshofen, Austria. It is a large hill K-125, and serves as a venue in the FIS Ski jumping World Cup, annually hosting the fourth and final competition of the Four Hills Tournament.

Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze was renamed after Paul Ausserleitner, an Austrian ski jumper who died from a fall on the hill in January 1952.
Robert Parsons (composer)
Robert Parsons (c. 1535 – 25 January 1572) was an English composer of the Tudor period who was active during the reigns of King Edward VI, Queen Mary I and Queen Elizabeth I. He is noted for his compositions of church music.

William Byrd
William Byrd (/bɜːrd/; c. 1540 – 4 July 1623) was an English Renaissance composer. Considered among the greatest composers of the Renaissance, he had a profound influence on composers both from his native country and on the Continent. He is often considered along with John Dunstaple and Henry Purcell as one of England's most important composers of early music.

Byrd wrote in many of the forms current in England at the time, including various types of sacred and secular polyphony, keyboard (the so-called Virginalist school), and consort music. He produced sacred music for Anglican services, but during the 1570s became a Roman Catholic, and wrote Catholic sacred music later in his life.
Izborsk
Izborsk (Russian: Избо́рск; Estonian: Irboska; Seto: Irbosk, Irbuska) is a rural locality (village) in Pechorsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. It contains one of the most ancient and impressive fortresses of Western Russia. The village lies 30 kilometers (19 mi) to the west of Pskov and just to the east of the Russian-Estonian border.

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Dollar Lakes
Dollar Lakes are a group of three glacial tarns in the Ruby Mountains of Elko County, Nevada, United States.  They are within the Ruby Mountains Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The lakes are located near the head of Lamoille Canyon at approximately 40°35′30″N 115°23′6″W﻿ / ﻿40.59167°N 115.38500°W﻿ / 40.59167; -115.38500, and at an elevation of 9,626 feet (2,934 m). They have a combined area of approximately 3 acres (1.2 hectares), and an estimated depth of up to 15 feet (4.6 m). The Ruby Crest National Recreation Trail runs along the western shore of the lakes.

Dollar and Lamoille lakes are the principal sources of Lamoille Creek, which after exiting the mountains passes through the town of Lamoille, meanders down Lamoille Valley, and then merges with the main branch of the Humboldt River.

Lamoille Lake
Lamoille Lake is a glacial tarn in the Ruby Mountains of Elko County, Nevada, United States.  It is within the Ruby Mountains Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The lake is located at the head of Lamoille Canyon, at approximately 40°34.6′N 115°23.7′W﻿ / ﻿40.5767°N 115.3950°W﻿ / 40.5767; -115.3950, and at an elevation of 9,747 feet (2,971 meters). It has an area of approximately 13.6 acres (5.5 hectares). It is a popular destination for day hikers and fishing, as the Ruby Crest National Recreation Trail passes its eastern shore before beginning a steep climb to Liberty Pass.

Lamoille Lake and the Dollar Lakes are the principal sources of Lamoille Creek, which after exiting the mountains passes through the town of Lamoille, meanders down Lamoille Valley, and then merges with the main branch of the Humboldt River.
Far East Combined Bureau
The Far East Combined Bureau, an outstation of the British Government Code and Cypher School, was set up in Hong Kong in March 1935, to monitor Japanese, and also Chinese and Russian (Soviet) intelligence and radio traffic. Later it moved to Singapore, Colombo (Ceylon), Kilindini (Kenya), then returned to Colombo.

The Colombo site was known as HMS Anderson or Station Anderson.

Japanese naval codes
The vulnerability of Japanese naval codes and ciphers was crucial to the conduct of the Pacific War of World War II, and had an important influence on foreign relations between Japan and the west in the years leading up to the war as well. Every Japanese code was eventually broken, and the intelligence gathered made possible such operations as the victorious American ambush of the Japanese Navy at Midway in 1942 (by breaking code JN-25b) and the shooting down of Japanese admiral Isoroku Yamamoto a year later in Operation Vengeance.

The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) used many codes and ciphers. All of these cryptosystems were known differently by different organizations; the names listed below are those given by Western cryptanalytic operations.
German Historical Institutes
The German Historical Institutes (GHI), German: Deutsche Historische Institute, (DHI) are six independent academic research institutes of the Max Weber Foundation dedicated to the study of historical relations between Germany and the host countries in which they are based.

The institutes are:

German Historical Institute in Rome (established in 1888)

German Historical Institute Paris (1958)

German Historical Institute London (1976)

German Historical Institute Washington DC (1987)

German Historical Institute Warsaw (1993)

German Historical Institute Moscow (2005)

German Historical Institute London
The German Historical Institute London (GHIL) is one of the nine independent academic research institutes of the German Historical Institute (German: Deutsche Historische Institute) that are part of the Max Weber Foundation.
Moscow City Duma District 16
Moscow City Duma District 16 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers parts of Eastern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by A Just Russia deputy Yelena Yamshchikova, a former Legislative Assembly of Kemerovo Oblast member, who defeated one-term Independent incumbent Viktor Maksimov from District 17.

Moscow City Duma District 15
Moscow City Duma District 15 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers parts of Eastern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by Liberal Democratic Party deputy Pyotr Potapov, a Moscow Railway deputy chief, who succeeded one-term Communist Party incumbent Sergey Sevastyanov after Sevastyanov was deselected at the party convention.
Voskevaz
40°16′33″N 44°17′50″E﻿ / ﻿40.27583°N 44.29722°E﻿ / 40.27583; 44.29722

Voskevaz (Armenian: Ոսկեվազ) is a village in the Ashtarak Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. Not far from the center of the village is the church of Surp Hovhannes, built between the 7th and 12th centuries. The village is home to the Hayasy brewery.

Aragatsotn Province
Aragatsotn (Armenian: Արագածոտն, Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɾɑɡɑˈt͡sɔtən] ⓘ) is a province (marz) of Armenia. It is located in the western part of the country. The capital and largest city of the province is the town of Ashtarak. The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported its population was 128,941 in the 2022 census.
California State Route 132
State Route 132 (SR 132) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that connects the Central Valley with the Sierra Nevada foothills and the California Gold Country. Its western segment also connects the city of Modesto with the San Francisco Bay Area via I-580, although this route is discouraged due to it being a two-lane road between Modesto and Interstate 5 (motorists are instead encouraged to take SR 120 in Manteca to I-5 and I-205 to I-580). East of Modesto, the road climbs the foothills and eventually ends at SR 49 at Coulterville.

Portions between I-580 and I-5 are a four-lane freeway, and there are plans to upgrade the portion between I-5 and SR 99 in Modesto to an expressway, with 3 mi (4.8 km) west of SR 99 currently open as a divided two-lane freeway. Route 132 is a two-lane road important to recreational travelers en route to Modesto Reservoir, Turlock Reservoir, Don Pedro Reservoir and the Sierra Nevada foothills.

Coulterville, California
Coulterville (formerly Maxwell's Creek) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mariposa County, California, on Maxwell Creek in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. It sits at an elevation of 1,696 feet (517 m) approximately 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Mariposa, the county seat. The population was 115 at the 2020 census.

Founded during the California Gold Rush in 1850, Coulterville grew as a mining town serving placer and quartz mining operations in the surrounding hills. It is designated California Historical Landmark No. 332, and a portion of its downtown is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Coulterville Main Street Historic District. The district includes several Gold Rush-era commercial buildings, including the Hotel Jeffery, in operation since 1851.
Ripley's Believe It or Not! (2000 TV series)
Ripley's Believe It or Not! is an American reality television series hosted by Dean Cain and aired on TBS Superstation from January 12, 2000 to October 15, 2003. It is based on the Ripley's Believe It or Not! franchise.

Dean Cain
Dean George Tanaka (born July 31, 1966), known professionally as Dean Cain, is an American actor best known for portraying Superman in the 1990s television series Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman. Cain was also the host of Ripley's Believe It or Not! and appeared in the sports drama series Hit the Floor.
Aquaman: Battle for Atlantis
Aquaman: Battle for Atlantis is a 2003 action-adventure video game for the Xbox and GameCube systems. Developed by Lucky Chicken Games and published by TDK, it is based on Peter David's controversial interpretation of the DC Comics character Aquaman. It was released exclusively in North America on July 30, 2003, and received generally unfavorable reviews.

Lucky Chicken Games
Lucky Chicken Games is an American video game developer founded in 1998 in Santa Monica, California by Jamie Ottilie, Matt Saia and Jonnathan Hilliard.

Luck Chicken Games was purchased by mobile game publisher AEGF in partnership with Abandon Mobile in 2005 and became the production and development operation of the mobile game company.  Although Lucky Chicken Games no longer exists as a distinct entity, some of Abandon Mobile's internally developed games credit "Lucky Chicken Games" as the developer, as do games developed by Abandon Mobile for other publishers.
Lost Themes II
Lost Themes II is the second studio album by American film director and composer John Carpenter. It was released on April 15, 2016, through Sacred Bones Records. The album was created in collaboration with Carpenter's son Cody Carpenter and his godson Daniel Davies.

Cody Carpenter
John Cody Carpenter, Jr (born May 7, 1984) is an American musician and composer. He is the son of film director John Carpenter and actress Adrienne Barbeau. Carpenter is mostly known for his work with his godfather and musician Daniel Davies, as well as his various solo projects.
Joe Dundee
Salvatore Lazzara (August 6, 1903 – March 31, 1982), better known by his boxing alias Joe Dundee, was an American boxer. He was the brother of Middleweight Champion Vince Dundee. During his career, he was recognized as the Undisputed World Welterweight Champion from 1927 to 1929.  Dundee's managers included Max Waxman, and Charles Johnston, and his trainer was Heinie Blaustein.

Jack Thompson (boxer)
Cecil Lewis "Young Jack" Thompson (August 17, 1904 – April 11, 1946) was an American boxer who twice held the Undisputed World Welterweight Championship. He was the first African American to gain the World Welterweight Championship.  Born Cecil Lewis Thompson, his name was changed when he decided to become a professional fighter. His father, who was training him, did not think "Cecil" was a fighter's name, so he chose "Jack." To avoid confusion with another fighter named "Jack Thompson," his father decided to use the ring name Young Jack Thompson.