hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Plateau's problem
In mathematics, Plateau's problem is to show the existence of a minimal surface with a given boundary, a problem raised by Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1760.  However, it is named after Joseph Plateau who experimented with soap films.  The problem is considered part of the calculus of variations. The existence and regularity problems are part of geometric measure theory.

Minimal surface
In mathematics, a minimal surface is a surface that locally minimizes its area. This is equivalent to having zero mean curvature (see definitions below).

The term "minimal surface" is used because these surfaces originally arose as surfaces that minimized total surface area subject to some constraint. Physical models of area-minimizing minimal surfaces can be made by dipping a wire frame into a soap solution, forming a soap film, which is a minimal surface whose boundary is the wire frame. However, the term is used for more general surfaces that may self-intersect or do not have constraints. For a given constraint there may also exist several minimal surfaces with different areas (for example, see minimal surface of revolution): the standard definitions only relate to a local optimum, not a global optimum.
714th Infantry Battalion
Infantry Battalion 714 or 714th Infantry Battalion (Indonesian: Batalyon Infanteri 714/Sintuwu Maroso, Yonif 714) is an infantry battalion of the Indonesian Army formed in 2004 as a result of the conflict in Poso, Central Sulawesi. The formation of the battalion was formed from taking A and B companies from the 711th Infantry Battalion (Yonif 711/Raksatama). This battalion is part of Korem 132/Tadulako Kodam XIII/Merdeka, which is the military regional command which partially covers the island of Sulawesi.

Indonesian Army infantry battalions
The Indonesian Army has formed a large number of infantry battalions since it was formed from provisional militias during the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch colonial rule, 1945–1949. Indonesian military units are commonly referred to by compound words. Infantry battalions are routinely called as Yonifs which is a portmanteau from "batalyon infanteri" ('infantry battalion'). They are also commonly referred to by their battalion nicknames, for example: 511th Infantry Battalion - "Dibyatama Yudha".
Gray, Georgia
Gray is a city in Jones County, Georgia, United States. The population was 3,436 at the 2020 census, up from 3,276 at the 2010 census. In 2025, its population was estimated at 3,555. The city is the county seat of Jones County. It is part of the Macon metropolitan area.

Macon metropolitan area, Georgia
The Macon metropolitan area is a metropolitan statistical area consisting of five counties in Central Georgia, anchored by the principal city of Macon. At the 2010 U.S. census, the five-county area had a population of 232,293. A July 2017 estimate placed the population at 228,914. In 2022, its estimated population was 235,805.
Medical Center station (MARTA)
Medical Center is an at-grade subway station in Sandy Springs, Georgia, serving the Red Line of the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) rail system. It serves the Pill Hill neighborhood of Perimeter Center, the location of Northside Hospital Atlanta (the country's busiest birthplace), St. Joseph's Hospital, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Scottish Rite and DeVry University. North of Medical Center is Dunwoody station and south is Buckhead station. This station's platforms are long enough to accommodate 8-car trains.

The station is located just west of the Fulton/DeKalb County line.  The portion in DeKalb County is currently not developed and is a part of MARTA's portfolio for potential transit-oriented development.  Of note, the station was constructed in 1996 when this portion of Fulton County was unincorporated; Sandy Springs was incorporated ten years later.

Sandy Springs, Georgia
Sandy Springs is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, within the  Atlanta metropolitan area. The city's population was 108,080 at the 2020 census, making it Georgia's 7th-most populous city. It is the site of several corporate headquarters, including UPS, Newell Brands, Inspire Brands, Focus Brands, Cox Enterprises, and Mercedes-Benz USA's corporate offices.
Shakotan, Hokkaido
Shakotan (積丹町, Shakotan-chō) is a town located in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of September 2016, the town had a population of 2,215, and a density of 9.3 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 238.20 square kilometres (91.97 mi2), and located 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Sapporo, the capital and economic hub of Hokkaido. Shakotan occupies the north of the Shakotan Peninsula. It was founded in 1869 as part of the short-lived Shiribeshi Province, which was dissolved in 1882 to become Hokkaido. Shakotan, along with neighboring Otaru, is home to Japan's only national-level marine sanctuary. Shakotan is home to the three great capes of the Shakotan Peninsula: Kamui, Shakotan, and Ōgon.

Shiribeshi Province
Shiribeshi Province (後志国, Shiribeshi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕi.ɾʲiꜜ.be.ɕi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a short-lived province in Hokkaidō.  It corresponded to Shiribeshi Subprefecture minus Abuta District plus the northern part of Hiyama Subprefecture.
Cantabroraphidia
Cantabroraphidia is an extinct genus of snakefly in the family Mesoraphidiidae.  The genus is solely known from fossil amber found in Cantabria, northern Spain, dating to the Albian age of the Early Cretaceous Period.  Currently the genus comprises a single species Cantabroraphidia marcanoi.

Mesoraphidiidae
Mesoraphidiidae is an extinct family of snakeflies in the suborder Raphidiomorpha.  The family lived from the Late Jurassic through the Late Cretaceous and is known from twenty-five genera. Mesoraphidiids have been found as both compression fossils and as inclusions in amber. The family was first proposed in 1925 by the Russian paleoentomologist Andrey Vasilyevich Martynov based on Upper Jurassic fossils recovered in Kazakhstan.  The family was expanded in 2002 by the synonymizing of several other proposed snakefly families. The family was divided into three subfamilies and one tribe in a 2011 paper, further clarifying the relationships of the included genera.
Duvansky District
Duvansky District (Russian: Дува́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Дыуан районы, Dıwan rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with Perm Krai in the north, Mechetlinsky District in the northeast and east, Kiginsky District in the southeast, Salavatsky District in the south, Nurimanovsky District in the southwest, Karaidelsky District in the west, and with Askinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 3,243 square kilometers (1,252 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mesyagutovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,068, with the population of Mesyagutovo accounting for 35.0% of that number.

Salavatsky District
Salavatsky District (Russian: Салава́тский райо́н; Bashkir: Салауат районы, Salawat rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic and borders Duvansky District in the north, Kiginsky District in the northeast, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the east, south, and west, and Nurimanovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,182 square kilometers (842 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Maloyaz. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 26,566, with the population of Maloyaz accounting for 18.5% of that number.
Miyama, Kyoto
Miyama (美山町, Miyama-chō) is an agricultural town located in Kitakuwada District, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,070 and a density of 14.89 persons per km2. The total area was 340.47 km2.

On January 1, 2006, Miyama, along with the towns of Hiyoshi, Sonobe, and Yagi (all from Funai District), was merged to create the city of Nantan.

Nantan, Kyoto
Nantan (南丹市, Nantan-shi) is a city located in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2022, the city had an estimated population of 30,744 in 14406 households and a population density of 50 persons per km2 (130 per sq. mi.). The total area of the city is 616.40 square kilometres (237.99 sq mi).
Ludwig II (2012 film)
Ludwig II is a 2012 German-Austrian historical film directed by Peter Sehr and Marie Noëlle, starring Sabin Tambrea as the younger Bavarian King Ludwig II and Sebastian Schipper as the king in his later years.

Otto, King of Bavaria
Otto (German: Otto Wilhelm Luitpold Adalbert Waldemar; 27 April 1848 – 11 October 1916) was King of Bavaria from 1886 until 1913. However, he never actively ruled because of alleged severe mental illness. His uncle, Luitpold, and his cousin, Ludwig, served as regents.  Ludwig deposed him in 1913, a day after the legislature passed a law allowing him to do so, and became king in his own right as Ludwig III.

Otto was the son of Maximilian II and his wife, Marie of Prussia, and the younger brother of Ludwig II.
Nagasaki dialect
The Nagasaki dialect (Japanese: 長崎弁 Nagasaki ben) is the name given to the dialect of Japanese spoken on the mainland part of Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu. It is a major dialect of the wider Hichiku group of Kyushu Japanese, with similarities to the Chikuzen (including Hakata) and Kumamoto dialects, among others. It is one of the better known Hichiku dialects within Japan, with various historical proverbs that relate to its regional flavour.

Hakata dialect
Hakata dialect (博多弁, Hakata-ben) is a Japanese dialect spoken in Fukuoka city. Hakata dialect originated in Hakata commercial district, while a related Fukuoka dialect (福岡弁, Fukuoka-ben) was spoken in the central district. Hakata dialect has spread throughout the city and its suburbs. Most Japanese regard Hakata dialect as the dialect typical of Fukuoka Prefecture, so it is sometimes called Fukuoka-ben.

Hakata dialect is being increasingly spoken in television interviews in Fukuoka, where previously standard Japanese was expected.

Hakata-ben, a dialect of Kyushu with historically strong ties to Okinawa (Ryukyu), retains a rich vocabulary that appears to share roots with the Ryukyuan languages. One example is the Okinawan word フーチバー, which means "mugwort." In Hakata-ben, related terms such as フツ and フツッパ (literally "leaf of フツ") are used, suggesting a common linguistic origin.
Llanilid
Llanilid is a small settlement of in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. It is in the historic county of Glamorgan. Llanilid is part of the community of Llanharan along with the villages of Bryncae, Brynna, Ynysmaerdy, Peterston-super-Montem and Llanharan itself.

Brynna
Brynna (Welsh: Brynnau) is a small village situated between Pencoed and Llanharan. It is located at the point where the borders of two Welsh county boroughs, Rhondda Cynon Taf and Bridgend, meet.

Due to Brynna's proximity to the M4 motorway as well as both Pencoed and Llanharan railway stations, it offers residents easy access to most of South Wales.

Brynna was originally called Brynna Gwynion but church records show that it was later shortened to Brynna from 1897 onwards.
Constructor University
53°10′N 8°39′E﻿ / ﻿53.167°N 8.650°E﻿ / 53.167; 8.650

Constructor University, formerly Jacobs University Bremen, is an international, private, residential research university located in Vegesack, Bremen, Germany. It offers study programs in engineering, humanities, natural and social sciences, in which students can acquire bachelor's, master's or doctorate degrees.

Most of the instruction at the university is in English. Constructor University's students come from more than 110 countries, with about 80% foreign students and approximately 33% international faculty members.

Konstantin Novoselov
Sir Konstantin Sergeevich Novoselov (Russian: Константи́н Серге́евич Новосёлов, IPA: [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ nəvɐˈsʲɵləf]; born 23 August 1974) is a Russian–British physicist. His work on graphene with Andre Geim earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010. Novoselov is a professor at the Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore and is also the Langworthy Professor of the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester, and serves as President of Constructor University in Bremen, Germany.
San Pedro Garza García
San Pedro Garza García (also known as San Pedro) is part of the Monterrey Metropolitan area of Nuevo León. It is a contemporary commercial suburb of the larger metropolitan city of Monterrey and it's considered as the richest in Mexico and Latin America.
It has luxury shopping malls, large green areas, as well as important colleges and hospitals. 
Cerro de Chipinque and Chipinque Ecological Park  are notable aspects of the city. The city hosts the head offices of companies like ALFA, Cemex, Gamesa, Vitro, Pyosa, Softtek and Cydsa.

Monterrey metropolitan area
The Monterrey metropolitan area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de Monterrey), also known as Greater Monterrey, is a conurbation in the northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León, centered on the city of Monterrey. It is the second-largest metropolitan area in Mexico by population, with an estimated 5,341,177 inhabitants as of 2020. The region serves as a major industrial and economic hub for the country.
Kai-Tokiwa Station
Kai-Tokiwa Station (甲斐常葉駅, Kai-Tokiwa-eki) is a railway station on the Minobu Line of Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) located in the town of Minobu, Minamikoma District, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.

Minobu, Yamanashi
Minobu (身延町, Minobu-chō) is a town located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2019, the town had an estimated population of 11,674 in 5447 households, and a population density of 39 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 302.00 square kilometres (116.60 sq mi).
2022 Men's European Water Polo Championship Qualifiers
The tournaments of the qualifications for the 2022 Men's European Water Polo Championship were held between 17 and 20 February 2022. 17 teams, split into four groups, participated in the qualifications. The top two teams from each group advanced to the final tournament.

2022 Men's European Water Polo Championship
The 2022 Men's European Water Polo Championship was the 35th running of the tournament. It was held in the Spaladium Arena in Split, Croatia from 29 August to 10 September 2022.

Croatia won their second title by defeating Hungary in the final, meanwhile Spain beat Italy to secure the bronze medal.
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences
The Birbal Sahni institution of Palaeosciences (BSIP), formerly known as the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, is an autonomous institution established by the Government of India under the Department of Science and Technology. The Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences is situated in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its primary aim is to integrate the disciplines of plant and earth sciences to carry out palaeobotanical research. The area of Fusion-Science is given actual relevance by the use of modern equipment, computing technology, and well-equipped laboratories staffed by skilled specialists. This enables research on a broad variety of general themes, both practical and fundamental. The targeted goals are being achieved via collaboration at both national and international levels, as well as involvement in numerous research programs.

Birbal Sahni
Birbal Sahni FRS (14 November 1891 – 10 April 1949) was an Indian paleobotanist who studied the fossils of the Indian subcontinent. He also took an interest in geology and archaeology. He founded what is now the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany at Lucknow in 1946. His major contributions were in the study of the fossil plants of India and in plant evolution. He was also involved in the establishment of  Indian science education and served as the president of the National Academy of Sciences, India and as an honorary president of the International Botanical Congress, Stockholm.
Sannōkai Dam
The Sannōkai Dam (山王海ダム, Sannōkai damu) is a dam on the Toyosawa River, a tributary of the Kitakami River system, located in the town of Shiwa, Iwate Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of  the island of Honshū, Japan. It completed in 1952.

Shiwa, Iwate
Shiwa (紫波町, Shiwa-chō) is a town in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2020, the town had an estimated population of 32,147 across 11,368 households, and a population density of 134 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 238.98 square kilometres (92.27 sq mi).
Solakrossen
Solakrossen or Sola is the administrative center of Sola municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located at the south end of the Hafrsfjorden on the Stavanger Peninsula, just northwest of the city of Sandnes.  The large Stavanger Airport, Sola is located on the west side of the village.  The village of Sørnes lies just to the north. Sola Church lies on the far western edge of Solakrossen. The population of Solakrossen is about 10,000, but the population is not separately tracked since it is part of the Stavanger/Sandnes urban area. The newspaper Solabladet has been published in Solakrossen since 1991. It is published in a paper edition on Thursdays and online every day.

Solabladet
Solabladet (The Sola Gazette) is a local Norwegian newspaper published in the municipality of Sola in Rogaland county.

Solabladet is owned by Amedia and is politically independent. The newspaper was launched on January 24, 1991, and its office is located in Solakrossen. It is published in a paper edition on Thursdays and online every day at solabladet.no. The paper is edited by Helene Pahr-Iversen, who succeeded Bernt Eirik Rød after his unexpected death in 2014.
Ustacallı
41°25′21″N 48°50′59″E﻿ / ﻿41.42250°N 48.84972°E﻿ / 41.42250; 48.84972

Ustacallı (also, Usta Cəlili and Ustadzhally) is a village in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Qaradağ Buduq.

Qaradağ Buduq
Qaradağ Buduq (also, Qaradağ-buduğ) is a village and municipality in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,735. The municipality consists of the villages of Qaradağ Buduq, Qaradağlı, Rəhimoba, and Ustacallı.
2021–22 Louisville Cardinals women's basketball team
The 2021–22 Louisville Cardinals women's basketball team represented the University of Louisville during the 2021–22 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Cardinals, were led by 15th-year head coach Jeff Walz, and played their home games at the KFC Yum! Center in their eight year in the Atlantic Coast Conference.

They finished the season 29–5 overall and 16–2 in ACC play to finish in second place.  As the second seed in the ACC tournament, they were upset by seventh seed Miami in the Quarterfinals.  They received and at-large bid to the NCAA tournament and were the first seed in the Wichita Regional.  They defeated sixteenth seed Albany in the First Round, ninth seed Gonzaga in the Second Round, fourth seed Tennessee in the Sweet Sixteen, and third seed Michigan in the Elite Eight before falling to eventual champions, and first seed South Carolina in the Final Four.  This was the Cardinals fourth appearance in the Final Four in program history.

2021–22 Miami Hurricanes women's basketball team
The 2021–22 Miami Hurricanes women's basketball team represented the University of Miami during the 2021–22 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Hurricanes were led by seventeenth-year head coach Katie Meier and played their home games at the Watsco Center as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

The Hurricanes finished the season 21–13 overall and 10–8 in ACC play to finish in a tie for seventh place.  As the seventh seed in the ACC tournament, they defeated tenth seed Duke in the second round, second seeded Louisville in the quarterfinals, and third seed Notre Dame in the semifinals before losing to NC State in the final.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament where they were the eighth seed in the  Greensboro Regional.  They defeated ninth seed South Florida in the first round before losing to top seed South Carolina in the second round to end their season.
Shel Talmy
Sheldon Talmy (August 11, 1937 – November 13, 2024) was an American record producer, songwriter, and arranger, best known for his work in England in the 1960s with the Who, the Kinks, and many other artists.

Talmy arranged and produced hits such as "You Really Got Me" by the Kinks, "My Generation" by the Who, and "Friday on My Mind" by the Easybeats. He also played guitar or percussion on some of his productions.

(If Paradise Is) Half as Nice
"(If Paradise Is) Half as Nice" is a popular 1968 song. Originally written by the Italian singer-songwriter Lucio Battisti under the title "Il paradiso" ("The Paradise"), it was first recorded by Italian singer Ambra Borelli and released as a single through Dischi Ricordi under alias La Ragazza 77. Although her version did not chart, it was later covered by other artists to much success, most notably by Patty Pravo (in Italian) and Amen Corner (in English) in 1969.
2019 National Junior A Championship
The 2019 National Junior A Championship was the 49th Canadian junior A ice hockey national championship for the Canadian Junior Hockey League and the 49th consecutive year a national championship was awarded to this skill level since the breakaway of Major Junior hockey in 1970.  The tournament was played at the Centennial Regional Arena in Brooks, Alberta from May 11 to 19, 2019.  The event and championship trophy were without a sponsor or title for this year following the ending of Royal Bank of Canada's partnership with Hockey Canada; Hockey Canada formally reinstated the Centennial Cup as the Junior 'A' championship in the summer of 2019.

Brooks Bandits
The Brooks Bandits are a Junior ice hockey team in the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) based in Brooks, Alberta. The teams plays its home games at the Centennial Regional Arena. The team was formerly in the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL), until they joined the BCHL in February 2024.
Firouz
Firouz (sometimes referred to as Ruzbah) was a wealthy Armenian Christian convert to Islam and armor maker who held a high post in Yaghi-Siyan's Seljuk Turkish government during the Crusades. Notably, he also served as a spy for Bohemond during the Siege of Antioch. Bohemond had offered Firouz riches and safety guarantees in return for his assistance. Firouz was disgruntled with his position in Yaghi-Siyan's government, because he had been recently fined and his wife seduced by a senior Turkish officer. On June 3, 1098, Firouz, dissatisfied with his commanding officer, hung a rope ladder for Bohemond's men who subsequently climbed up into the city and opened its gates. Allowing the crusaders into the city, the local Armenians joined in the massacring of the Turks. The city subsequently became the center of the Principality of Antioch.

Yağısıyan
Yağısıyan, also known as Yaghi-Siyan (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈyaːɯsɯjan]; died 1098) was a Seljuk Turkoman commander and governor of Antioch in the 11th century. Although little is known about his personal life he was an important figure of the First Crusade.