hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Armidale Dumaresq Shire
The Armidale Dumaresq Council was a local government area in the New England and Northern Tablelands regions of New South Wales, Australia. This area was formed in 2000 from the merger of the original City of Armidale with the surrounding Dumaresq Shire and abolished on 12 May 2016, where the council, together with Guyra Shire, was subsumed into the Armidale Regional Council with immediate effect.

The combined former area covered the urban area of Armidale and the surrounding region, extending primarily eastward from the city through farming districts to the gorges and escarpments that mark the edge of the Northern Tablelands.

The last mayor of the Armidale Dumaresq Council was Cr. Herman Beyersdorf until the council was abolished on 12 May 2016, amalgamating with Guyra Shire to form the Armidale Regional Council.

Dumaresq Shire
Dumaresq Shire was a local government area in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia.

Dumaresq Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire office was in Armidale.  Towns and villages in the shire included  Ebor, Hillgrove and Wollomombi.

Dumaresq Shire was amalgamated with the City of Armidale to form Armidale Dumaresq Council on 21 February 2000.
Catherine Leterrier
Catherine Leterrier (née Fabius; born 26 October 1942) is a French costume designer. She received three César Awards, in addition to nominations for an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award.

Leterrier was married to filmmaker François Leterrier until his death in 2020. They had one child, the director Louis Leterrier, in 1973. She is the older sister of antiquarian François Fabius and politician Laurent Fabius.

Laurent Fabius
Laurent Pierre Emmanuel Fabius (French: [lɔʁɑ̃ fabjys]; born 20 August 1946) is a French politician who has served in a number of capacities, most recently as president of the Constitutional Council from 2016 to 2025. A member of the Socialist Party, he previously served as Prime Minister of France from 17 July 1984 to 20 March 1986. Fabius was 37 years old when he was appointed and is, after Gabriel Attal, the second youngest prime minister of the Fifth Republic.

Fabius was also President of the National Assembly from 1988 to 1992 and again from 1997 to 2000. Fabius served in the government as Minister of Finance from 2000 to 2002 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2016.
Lincolnville, South Carolina
Lincolnville is a town in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. A very small portion of the town extends into Dorchester County. The population was 1,147 at the 2020 census.

Lincolnville is part of the Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville metropolitan area.

Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina
The Charleston metropolitan area is an urban area centered around Charleston, South Carolina. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget designates the area as the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan statistical area used for statistical purposes only by the United States Census Bureau and other federal agencies. The OMB defines the area as comprising Berkeley, Charleston and Dorchester counties, an area with 799,636 residents in the 2020 census.  Principal cities include Charleston, North Charleston, and Summerville. The area is commonly referred to as the Tri-County Area or the Lowcountry, though the latter term has historically referred to South Carolina's southern coast in general.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York
List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Essex County, New York, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts (at least for all showing latitude and longitude coordinates below) can be seen in a map by clicking on "Map of all coordinates".  Seven of the properties and districts are further designated National Historic Landmarks and are indicated by light blue color in the table below.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 23, 2026.

Essex County, New York
Essex County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,381. Its county seat is the hamlet of Elizabethtown. Its name is from the English county of Essex. Essex is one of two counties that are entirely within the Adirondack Park, the other being Hamilton County. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.
Barrel racing
Barrel racing is a rodeo event in which a horse and rider attempt to run around preset barrels in the fastest time. In collegiate and professional ranks, it is usually a women's event, though both sexes compete at amateur and youth levels.  It requires a combination of the horse's athletic ability and the horsemanship skills of a rider in order to safely and successfully maneuver the horse around three barrels placed in a triangle pattern within a large arena.

Women's Professional Rodeo Association
The Women's Professional Rodeo Association (WPRA) is one of the largest rodeo sanctioning bodies in the world and is open exclusively to women eighteen years of age and older. Headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, the Association currently has over 3,000 members from all over the contiguous United States, Canada, and Australia.

In 2004, WPRA members competed for nearly $5 million in total prize money at rodeos in the United States and co-sanctioned Canadian Professional Rodeo Association (CPRA) events in Canada.
Katherine V. Forrest
Katherine V. Forrest (born 1939) is a Canadian-born American writer, best known for her novels about lesbian police detective Kate Delafield. Her books have won and been finalists for Lambda Literary Award twelve times, as well as other awards. She has been referred to by some "a founding mother of lesbian fiction writing."

Lambda Literary Foundation
The Lambda Literary Foundation (also known as Lambda Literary) is an American LGBTQ literary organization whose mission is to nurture and advocate for LGBTQ writers, elevating the impact of their words to create community, preserve their legacies, and affirm the value of LGBTQ stories and lives.
Pilot (Scottish band)
Pilot are a Scottish rock group, formed in 1973 in Edinburgh by David Paton and Billy Lyall. They achieved considerable mainstream success during 1974–1975, primarily with the release of "Magic" which reached number one in Canada, five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, six in Ireland and eleven in the United Kingdom. Follow up single "January" released in 1975 reached number one in Australia, Ireland and the United Kingdom, as well as reaching eighty-seven in the United States. In the United Kingdom, "January" was awarded a Silver certification from the BPI.

Their debut studio album, From the Album of the Same Name was released in 1974, and reached number eighty-two on the United States Billboard 200 Albums Charts.

The Magic Roundabout (film)
The Magic Roundabout (also known as Sprung! The Magic Roundabout; French: Pollux – Le manège enchanté) is a 2005 animated adventure fantasy comedy film based on the television series  of the same name. Unlike the show, which was presented with stop-motion animation, the film utilizes computer-generated animation. The story sees a group of unlikely heroes who go on a quest to stop a reawakened villain, who intends on freezing the world, from retrieving a set of powerful diamonds.

The film was released in France with a French dub on 2 February 2005 and an English-language version was released nine days later in the United Kingdom on 11 February. In the United States, the film was released as Doogal on 24 February 2006 with a new English cast, dub, and script. Only Ian McKellen's performance was retained, while Kylie Minogue redubbed her role from the UK release. The French and UK versions received mixed reviews, while the American version was critically panned.
Aracar
Aracar is a large conical stratovolcano in northwestern Argentina, just east of the Chilean border.  It has a main summit crater about 1–1.5 kilometres (0.6–0.9 mi) in diameter and sometimes contains crater lakes and a secondary crater. The volcano has formed, starting during the Pliocene, on top of a lava platform and an older basement. Constructed on a base with an altitude of 4,100 metres (13,500 ft), it covers a surface area of 192.4 square kilometres (74.3 sq mi) and has a volume of 148 cubic kilometres (36 cu mi). The only observed volcanic activity was a possible steam or ash plume on March 28, 1993, seen from the village of Tolar Grande about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of the volcano, but with no evidence of deformation of the volcano from satellite observations. Inca archeological sites are found on the volcano.

Pular (volcano)
Pular is a volcanic massif in the northern Chilean Andes, in the Antofagasta Region north of Socompa volcano. It consists of the individual mountains Pajonales and Pular, which are among the highest mountains in the region and of great cultural importance to the neighbouring towns of Socaire and Peine. Pular and Pajonales have multiple volcanic craters and have produced lava domes. The mountains were active during the last three million years; whether there was any activity in historical times is unclear. The mountains are largely unglaciated in the present, owing to the dry climate, although groundwater originates on them. During the Last Glacial Maximum, glacial advances left a girdle of moraines around the massif.
Michaelis–Becker reaction
The Michaelis–Becker reaction is the reaction of a hydrogen (thio)phosphonate with a base, followed by a nucleophilic substitution of phosphorus on a haloalkane, to give an alkyl (thio)phosphonate. Yields of this reaction are often lower than the corresponding Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction.

Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction
The Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction (also called the Arbuzov reaction) is the chemical reaction of a trivalent phosphorus ester with an alkyl halide to form a pentavalent phosphorus species and another alkyl halide. The picture below shows the most common types of substrates undergoing the Arbuzov reaction; phosphite esters (1) react to form phosphonates (2),  phosphonites (3) react to form phosphinates (4) and phosphinites (5) react to form phosphine oxides (6).

The reaction was discovered by August Michaelis in 1898, and greatly explored by Aleksandr Arbuzov soon thereafter.  This reaction is widely used for the synthesis of various phosphonates, phosphinates, and phosphine oxides.  Several reviews have been published.  The reaction also occurs for coordinated phosphite ligands, as illustrated by the demethylation of {(C5H5)Co[(CH3O)3P]3}2+ to give {(C5H5)Co[(CH3O)2PO]3}−, which is called the Klaui ligand.
Eilhard Mitscherlich
Eilhard Mitscherlich (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪlhaʁt ˈmɪtʃɐlɪç]; 7 January 1794 – 28 August 1863) was a German chemist, who is perhaps best remembered today for his discovery of the phenomenon of crystallographic isomorphism in 1819.

Manganate
In inorganic nomenclature, a manganate is any negatively charged molecular entity with manganese as the central atom. However, the name is usually used to refer to the tetraoxidomanganate(2−) anion, MnO2−4, also known as manganate(VI) because it contains manganese in the +6 oxidation state. Manganates are the only known manganese(VI) compounds.

Other manganates include hypomanganate or manganate(V), MnO3−4, permanganate or manganate(VII), MnO−4, and the dimanganate or dimanganate(III) Mn2O6−6.

A manganate(IV) anion MnO4−4 has been prepared by radiolysis of dilute solutions of permanganate. It is mononuclear in dilute solution, and shows a strong absorption in the ultraviolet and a weaker absorption at 650 nm.
Silversmith Hotel
The Silversmith Hotel is a boutique hotel located in downtown Chicago, Illinois. It occupies the historic Silversmith Building, designed in 1896 by Peter J. Weber of the architectural firm of D.H. Burnham and Company, who also designed the Fisher Building. The building's architecture reflects the transition from Romanesque Revival architecture to Chicago school architecture. The Silversmith Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

It became a member of the National Registry of the Historic Hotels of America in 2016.

Historic Hotels of America
Historic Hotels of America is a program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation that was founded in 1989 with 32 charter members; the program identifies hotels in the United States that have maintained authenticity, sense of place, and architectural integrity from their respective time periods.

As of 2025, the program includes 288 hotels in 44 of the 50 states, as well as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington, D.C..
Compton Point
Compton Point is a headland in the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, forming the northwest entrance point to Wells Passage opposite North Broughton Island.

Wells Passage
Wells Passage is a strait and marine waterway in the northeastern Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, on the west side of North Broughton Island.  Across from that island, the headland at the northwest entrance to the passage is Compton Point.
Longpi
Longpi (pronounced "long-pee") is a general reference to two villages (Longpi Kajui and Longpi Khullen) in the Ukhrul District of the Indian state of Manipur. Longpi is about 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Ukhrul, connected by National Highway 202 (Imphal–Kohima via Ukhrul and Jessami Highway). The two villages together have a population of over 8,000.

Longpi is flanked by Nungbi Khullen in the east Sihai in the southeast, Lunghar in the south, Phungcham, Paorei, Peh in the west and Kalhang in the North.

Nungbi Khullen
Nungbi Khullen, locally called Loree, is a village north of Ukhrul in Ukhrul district of Manipur state, India. It is part of the Chingai subdivision. National Highway 150, connecting Imphal-Kohima via Ukhrul and Jessami, passes through it. About 35 kilometers from Ukhrul, it is flanked by Loree Kaju to the west, Lunghar to the south, Khamasom to the east and Kalhang to the north. Its inhabitants speak the Loree dialect of the Tibeto-Burman language family.
Giaginsky District
Giaginsky District (Russian: Гиаги́нский райо́н, romanized: Giaginsky rayon; Adyghe: Джэджэ къедзыгъо, romanized: Ǯʼăǯʼă qedzəġo) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russia. It is located in the northern central portion of the republic and borders with Shovgenovsky District in the north, Koshekhablsky District in the east and northeast, Mostovsky District of Krasnodar Krai in the southeast, Maykopsky District in the south, and with Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai in the west. The area of the district is 756.54 square kilometers (292.10 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Giaginskaya. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,766, with the population of Giaginskaya accounting for 44.5% of that number.

Shovgenovsky District
Shovgenovsky District (Russian: Шовге́новский райо́н, romanized: Šovgenovskij rajon; Adyghe: Шэуджэн къедзыгъо, romanized: Ṩəwdjən qyedzığo) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russia. It is located in the central northern portion of the republic and borders with Ust-Labinsky District of Krasnodar Krai in the north, Kurganinsky District of Krasnodar Krai in the north and northeast, Koshekhablsky District in the east and southeast, Giaginsky District in the south, Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai in the southwest, and with Krasnogvardeysky District in the west. The area of the district is 521.43 square kilometers (201.33 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (an aul) of Khakurinokhabl. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 16,997, with the population of Khakurinokhabl accounting for 23.8% of that number.
Gorduno
Gorduno is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.

Pianezzo
Pianezzo is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
Mbeya Region
Mbeya Region (Mkoa wa Mbeya in Swahili) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 35,954 km2 (13,882 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Guinea Bissau. Mbeya Region is bordered to the east by Singida Region, Iringa Region and Njombe Region. The region is bordered to the south by Malawi and Lake Nyasa. To the north the region borders southern Tabora Region. Lastly, Mbeya is bordered to the west by Songwe Region. The regional capital is the city of Mbeya. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,343,754.

Chunya District
Chunya District is one of the seven districts of Mbeya Region, Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Tabora Region, to the northeast by Singida Region, to the east by Mbarali District, to the south by Mbeya Rural District, and to the west by Songwe District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Chunya District was 344,471.

In 2006, the District Commissioner of Chunya District was Frank Uhahula.

In 2015, Songwe District was split from the western part of Chunya District and integrated into the newly created Songwe Region.
Saltbush Bill
Saltbush Bill is a humorous poem by Australian writer and poet Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson. It was first published in The Bulletin magazine on 15 December 1894, the Christmas issue of that publication.

Saltbush Bill was one of Paterson's best known characters who appeared in 5 poems: "Saltbush Bill" (1894),  "Saltbush Bill's Second Fight" (1897), "Saltbush Bill's Gamecock" (1898), "Saltbush Bill on the Patriarchs" (1903), and "Saltbush Bill, J.P." (1905).

Saltbush Bill's Gamecock
Saltbush Bill's Gamecock is a humorous poem by Australian writer and poet Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson. It was first published in Brooks's Australian Xmas Annual Volume 1 1898.

Saltbush Bill was one of Paterson's best known characters who appeared in 5 poems: "Saltbush Bill" (1894),  "Saltbush Bill's Second Fight" (1897), "Saltbush Bill's Gamecock" (1898), "Saltbush Bill on the Patriarchs" (1903), and "Saltbush Bill, J.P." (1905).
Khedive
Khedive (/kəˈdiːv/ kə-DEEV; Ottoman Turkish: خدیو, romanized: hidiv; borrowed from Persian: خدیو, romanized: xædīv) was an honorific title of Classical Persian origin used for the sultans and grand viziers of the Ottoman Empire, but most famously for the viceroy of Egypt from 1805 to 1914.

It is attested in Persian poetry from the 10th century and was used as an Ottoman honorific from the 16th. It was borrowed into Ottoman Turkish directly from Persian. It was first used in Egypt, without official recognition, by Muhammad Ali Pasha, the ethnically Albanian governor of Ottoman Egypt and Turco-Egyptian Sudan from 1805 to 1848. The initially self-declared title was officially recognized by the Ottoman government in 1867 and used subsequently by Isma'il Pasha of Egypt and his dynastic successors until 1914. The term entered Arabic in Egypt in the 1850s.

Turco-Egyptian Sudan
Turco-Egyptian Sudan (Arabic: السودان التركي المصري), also known as Turkish Sudan or Turkiyya (Arabic: التركية, at-Turkiyyah), describes the rule of the Eyalet and later Khedivate of Egypt over what is now Sudan and South Sudan. It lasted from 1820, when Muhammad Ali Pasha started his conquest of Sudan, to the fall of Khartoum in 1885 to Muhammad Ahmad, the self-proclaimed Mahdi.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Missouri
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Missouri.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Missouri, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 11 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted June 13, 2025.

Washington County, Missouri
Washington County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 23,514.  The county seat and largest city is Potosi.  The county was officially organized on August 21, 1813, and was named in honor of George Washington, the first President of the United States.
Heshang, Changle
Heshan (Chinese: 鹤上; pinyin: Hèshàng) is a town located in the county-level city of Changle, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China.

A large part of the town's population lives abroad, mainly in New York City (Chinatown, Manhattan), Europe (Chinatowns in Europe), and Taiwan.

Changle, Fuzhou
Changleⓘ (simplified Chinese: 长乐; traditional Chinese: 長樂; pinyin: Chánglè, Foochow Romanized: Diòng-lŏ̤h) is one of 6 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, China. It occupies a land area of 648 square kilometers (250 sq mi) and a sea area of 1,327 square kilometers (512 sq mi). Changle was established in the sixth year of Emperor Wude (AD 623) during the Tang dynasty, was a capital of the succeeding Min Kingdom, and became a county-level city on February 18, 1994. The district faces the East China Sea and is connected to Mawei district by the Min River. Due to an increase in businesses, the province is now one of the richest provinces in China. The city was upgraded to a district in August 2017 by a government proposal.

Located 30 kilometers (19 mi) outside downtown Fuzhou, Changle has a total population of 680,000 and is the hometown of more than 700,000 overseas Chinese.
Falaises d'Entrecasteaux
The Cliffs of Entrecasteaux (French: Falaises d'Entrecasteaux [falɛz dɑ̃tʁəkasto]), named after 18th century French navigator Bruni d'Entrecasteaux, comprise the cliffs, which reach heights of over 700 metres (2,300 ft), along the west coast of Amsterdam Island, a small French territory in the southern Indian Ocean.

Île Amsterdam
Île Amsterdam (French pronunciation: [ilamstɛʁdam]), also known as Amsterdam Island or New Amsterdam (French: Nouvelle-Amsterdam), is an island of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the southern Indian Ocean that together with neighbouring Île Saint-Paul 90 kilometres (56 mi) to the south forms one of the five districts of the territory.

The island is roughly equidistant to the land masses of Madagascar, Australia, and Antarctica – as well as the British Indian Ocean Territory and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (about 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) from each). It is the northernmost volcanic island within the Antarctic Plate.

The research station at Martin-de-Viviès, first called Camp Heurtin and then La Roche Godon, is the only settlement on the island and is the seasonal home to about thirty researchers and staff studying biology, meteorology, and geomagnetics.