hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seehof, Switzerland
Seehof (Elay in French) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is one of two municipalities with German as its official language in the otherwise French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois). The other is Schelten.

Schelten
Schelten (La Scheulte in French) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. This is one of two German speaking municipalities located in the majority French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois). The other is Seehof.
Marikina River
The Marikina River (Tagalog: Ilog Marikina) is a waterway in eastern Metro Manila, Philippines. It is the largest tributary of the Pasig River, with headwaters in the Sierra Madre Mountains in what was known as Montalban, presently the municipality of Rodriguez, Rizal.

The Marikina River used to be an important transport route during the Spanish colonial era, but its importance as a transport route diminished when the Philippines' national highway system became more established. The resulting lack of river boat traffic and the deforestation of the upland areas in what is now the Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape (UMRBPL) contributed to the river's siltation, further reducing its value as a transport route.

Pterygoplichthys
Pterygoplichthys, sometimes collectively known as janitor fish, is a genus of South American armored catfishes. These fish are commonly known as sailfin armoured catfish or sailfin plecs, especially in the aquarium trade.
Zi (surname)
Zi (子) was the royal surname of the Kings of the Shang dynasty, originally from their ancestor named Xie (契). After the fall of the Shang and the rise of the Zhou dynasty, the royal family changed their surname to Yīn (殷), the name of their capital. Other names derived from Zi include Kong (孔), which was created by graphically combining “子” with “乙” Yi, from 太乙, the courtesy name of King Tang of Shang.

In modern times, it was found to be the 413th-most common surname, shared by 110,000 people.

Kong (surname)
Kong (Chinese: 孔; Korean: 공) is a Chinese and Korean surname. It can also be written as Kung in Taiwan, Hung in Hong Kong, Khổng in Vietnam, and Gong in Korea. There are around 2.1 million people with this surname in China in 2002, representing 0.23% of the population. In 2024, it was the 98th-most common surname in China. It is the 25th name in the Hundred Family Surnames poem.

Kong is most notable as the surname of Confucius and his descendants, whose family tree is the world's longest, covering over 2,500 years and more than 80 generations, in two million entries as of 2009. The main line of descent traditionally held the title of Duke Yansheng, which was changed to the title of the first Sacrificial Official to Confucius in the 20th century. This title is currently held by Kong Tsui-chang.

Kong may also be the English transliteration of a rare Chinese surname 空, or a less common form of the Gong surnames such as 龔, 貢 and 弓.
Shinnan'yō, Yamaguchi
Shinnan'yō (新南陽市, Shinnan'yō-shi) was a city located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

On April 21, 2003, Shinnan'yō, along with the city of Tokuyama, the town of Kumage (from Kumage District), and the town of Kano (from Tsuno District), was merged to create the city of Shūnan.

Shūnan
Shūnan (周南市, Shūnan-shi) is a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2023, the city had an estimated population of 137,019 in 6828 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 656.29 square kilometres (253.39 sq mi).
John W. Grant
John W. Grant (July 26, 1867, West Point, Georgia – March 8, 1938) was a member of the Georgia School of Technology board of trustees and a well-known Atlanta, Georgia, merchant around the 1880s.

He was the grandson of John T. Grant and the son of William D. Grant, both of whom were successful railroad builders with their Fannin, Grant & Company.

With help from his grandfather, he was made president of the Gate City Loan, Saving and Banking Company at the age of 21. In 1902, he was a director of the Atlanta-based Third National Bank.

He married the daughter of Hugh T. Inman who gave him the Kimball House as a wedding gift. By this time Grant the younger was well-placed in Atlanta society, where he was heavily involved in the Capital City Club and Piedmont Driving Club.

Grant was also the benefactor of Grant Field, the home of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team, naming it in honor of his deceased son, Hugh Inman Grant (1895–1906).

Kimball House (Atlanta)
The Kimball House was the name of two historical hotels in Atlanta, Georgia. United States. Both were constructed on an entire city block at the south-southeast corner of Five Points, bounded by Whitehall Street (now part of Peachtree Street), Decatur Street, Pryor Street, and Wall Street, a block now occupied by a multi-story parking garage.
Bangkok Conference
The Bangkok Conference was a conference held on 23 June 1942 by Indian Nationalist groups and local Indian Independence leagues at Bangkok to proclaim the formation of the All-India Independence league. The conference further saw the adoption by the league of a thirty-four set resolution known as the Bangkok resolutions that attempted to define the role of the league in the Independence movement, relations with the nascent Indian National Army, and clarify the grounds and conditions for obtaining Japanese support for it. The resolution further attempted to clarify the relations of Japan and the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere with a free India.

Rash Behari Bose
Rashbehari Bose (/rɑːʃ bihɑːri ˈboʊs/ ⓘ; 25 May 1886 – 21 January 1945) was an Indian revolutionary leader and freedom fighter who fought against the British Empire. He was one of the key organisers of the Ghadar Mutiny and founded the Indian Independence League. Bose helped organise the Indian National Army (INA), which was formed in 1942 under Mohan Singh.

He was behind the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy to assassinate the Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, in 1912. After the failed assassination attempt, Bose fled to Imperial Japan. He sided with Azad Hind against Britain in World War II.
Raffique Shah
Raffique Shah (born 1946) is a Trinidad and Tobago trade union leader and political commentator.  He is also a former Member of Parliament and mutineer, having led a mutiny of Trinidad and Tobago Regiment in 1970.

Rex Lassalle
Reginald Andrew Lassalle (26 November 1945 – 13 February 2025), better known as Rex Lassalle, was a Trinidadian alternative medicine practitioner and lieutenant in the Trinidad and Tobago Regiment who was a leader of an army mutiny in April 1970 as part of the Black Power Revolution.
Shoreham Town Hall
Shoreham Town Hall is a municipal building in the High Street, Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex, England. The town hall, which was the headquarters of Shoreham-by-Sea Urban District Council, is a Grade II listed building.

Shoreham-by-Sea
Shoreham-by-Sea (often shortened to Shoreham) is a coastal town and port in the Adur district, in the county of West Sussex, England. In 2011 it had a population of 20,547.

The town is bordered to its north by the South Downs, to its west by the Adur Valley, and to its south by the River Adur and Shoreham Beach on the English Channel. The town lies in the middle of the ribbon of urban development along the English south coast, approximately equidistant from the city of Brighton and Hove to the east and the town of Worthing to the west. Shoreham covers an area of 2,430 acres (980 ha) and has a population of 20,547 (2011 census).
Cardinal Langley Roman Catholic High School
The Cardinal Langley Roman Catholic High School is a Roman Catholic secondary school in Middleton, Greater Manchester, England, for ages 11–18. The school is named for Thomas Langley, a 15th-century prelate who hailed from Middleton.

Middleton, Greater Manchester
Middleton is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, on the River Irk. It is 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Rochdale and 5 miles (8.0 km) northeast of Manchester. Middleton had a population of 42,972 at the 2011 Census. It lies on the northern edge of Manchester, with Blackley to the south and Moston to the south east.
Impeachment of Renato Corona
Renato Corona, the 23rd chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines, was impeached on December 12, 2011. Corona was the third official, after former President Joseph Estrada in 2000 and Ombudsman Merceditas Gutierrez in March 2011, to be impeached by the House of Representatives.

The Senate, convened as an impeachment court, began the impeachment trial on January 16, 2012. This was the second impeachment trial in the history of the Philippines, as Gutierrez had resigned prior to the start of her trial. On May 29, 2012, Corona was found guilty of article two of the articles of impeachment that had been filed against him pertaining to his failure to disclose to the public his statement of assets, liabilities and net worth. He is the first public official who was removed and perpetually disqualified from holding public office.

PSBank
The Philippine Savings Bank (also known in Hokkien Chinese: 全菲儲蓄銀行; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Choân Hui Thí-thiok Gûn-hâng; & Mandarin simplified Chinese: 全菲储蓄银行; traditional Chinese: 全菲儲蓄銀行; pinyin: Quán Fēi Chúxù Yínháng) (shortened as PSBank or abbreviated as PSB) is a savings bank based in the Philippines.  It is a subsidiary of Metrobank and is the largest savings bank in the Philippines.
Lithium stearate
Lithium stearate is a chemical compound with the formula LiO2C(CH2)16CH3. It is formally classified as a soap (a salt of a fatty acid). Lithium stearate is a white soft solid, prepared by the reaction of lithium hydroxide and stearic acid.

Lithium stearate and lithium 12-hydroxystearate are lithium soaps, and are components of lithium greases and release agents.

Stearic acid
Stearic acid (/ˈstɪərɪk/ STEER-ik, /stiˈærɪk/ stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain. The IUPAC name is octadecanoic acid. It is a soft waxy solid with the formula CH3(CH2)16COOH. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin. Stearic acid is a prevalent fatty acid in nature, found in many animal and vegetable fats, but is usually higher in animal fat than vegetable fat. It has a melting point of 69.4 °C (156.9 °F)  °C and a pKa of 4.50.

Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its glycerol ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature and in the food supply, following palmitic acid. Dietary sources of stearic acid include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and foods prepared with fats; beef tallow, lard, butterfat, cocoa butter, and shea butter are rich fat sources of stearic acid.
Kennedy Baptist College
Kennedy Baptist College is an Australian coeducational, independent, Baptist, secondary school located in Murdoch, Western Australia. The college currently educates 1,238 students and 160 staff members (2023). It is named after Baptist minister and pioneer William Kennedy and is situated on the grounds of Murdoch University.

Murdoch, Western Australia
Murdoch is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located within the City of Melville. Murdoch University, St John of God Hospital Murdoch and Fiona Stanley Hospital are located in Murdoch. The suburb is named after Sir Walter Murdoch.
Ural Ocean
The Ural Ocean (also called the Uralic Ocean) was a small, ancient ocean that was situated between Siberia and Baltica. The ocean formed in the Late Ordovician epoch, when large islands from Siberia collided with Baltica, which was then part of the landmass Euramerica. The islands also caused Ural Ocean's precursor, Khanty Ocean to close. By the Devonian Period, however, the Ural Ocean began to shrink because the Siberian continent and the Kazakhstania microcontinent were approaching Baltica. In the latest part of the Devonian period and in the Mississippian subperiod of the Carboniferous period, the Ural Ocean became a seaway. The three landmasses collided later in the Carboniferous, completely closing the ocean, creating the Ural Mountains, and forming the Pangaea supercontinent.

Pangaea
Pangaea or Pangea (/pænˈdʒiːə/ pan-JEE-ə) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from the earlier continental units of Gondwana, Euramerica and Siberia during the Carboniferous period approximately 335 million years ago, and began to break apart about 200 million years ago, at the end of the Triassic and beginning of the Jurassic. Pangaea was C-shaped, with the bulk of its mass stretching between Earth's northern and southern polar regions and surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa and the Paleo-Tethys and subsequent Tethys Oceans. Pangaea is the most recent supercontinent to have existed and was the first to be reconstructed by geologists.
Gurye County
Gurye (Gurye-gun) is a county in the province of Jeollanam-do, South Korea. Gurye is a small, picturesque farming town situated between Jirisan and the Seomjin River. In the northeastern part of unwavering efforts at the Mt. Jiri. Gurye is the sole designated special tourism and leisure zone in all of Jeollanam-do. The total size of Gurye County is 443.02 square km, with a modest population of approximately 30,000.

Gurye County is a hiking destination during the spring and autumn seasons. The county hosts a number of yearly festivals such as Sansuyu Flower Festival, the Royal Azalea Festival and the Piagol Valley Maple Festival. Gurye is also home to Korea's first national state park, which houses some of Korea's most important temples such as Hwaeomsa, Cheoneunsa, and Yeongoksa.

Hwaeomsa
Hwaeomsa (Korean: 화엄사; Hanja: 華嚴寺; lit. Flower Garland Temple) is a head temple of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism.  It is located on the slopes of Jirisan, in Masan-myeon, Gurye County, in South Jeolla Province, South Korea.
Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar ("The Saga of Haakon Haakonarson") or Hákonar saga gamla ("The Saga of Old Haakon") is an Old Norse Kings' Saga, telling the story of the life and reign of King Haakon Haakonarson of Norway.

Kings' sagas
Kings' sagas  (Icelandic: konungasögur, Nynorsk: kongesoger, -sogor, Bokmål: kongesagaer) are Old Norse sagas which principally tell of the lives of semi-legendary and legendary (mythological, fictional) Nordic kings, also known as saga kings. They were composed during the twelfth through the fourteenth centuries, primarily in Iceland, but with some written in Norway.

Kings' sagas frequently contain episodic stories known in scholarship as þættir, such as the Íslendingaþættir (about Icelanders), Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa, Hróa þáttr heimska, and Eymundar þáttr hrings (about people from elsewhere).
Elmo Zumwalt
Elmo Russell "Bud" Zumwalt Jr. (November 29, 1920 – January 2, 2000) was a United States Navy officer and the youngest person to serve as Chief of Naval Operations. As an admiral and later the 19th Chief of Naval Operations, Zumwalt played a major role in United States military history, especially during the Vietnam War. A decorated war veteran, Zumwalt reformed United States Navy personnel policies in an effort to improve enlisted life and ease racial tensions. After he retired from a 32-year navy career, he launched an unsuccessful campaign for the United States Senate.

USS Dewey (DDG-45)
USS Dewey (DLG-14/DDG-45) was a Farragut-class guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy. She was named in honor of George Dewey, the United States' only Admiral of the Navy. She was the third of four ships whose namesake was Admiral Dewey. The ship's motto was The First and Finest.
Empire Award for Best Thriller
The Empire Award for Best Thriller is an Empire Award presented annually by the British film magazine Empire to honor the best thriller film of the previous year. The Empire Award for Best Thriller is one of four new Best Film ongoing awards which were first introduced at the 11th Empire Awards ceremony in 2006 (along with Best Comedy, Best Horror and Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy) with Kiss Kiss Bang Bang receiving the award. Winners are voted by the readers of Empire magazine.

Empire Awards
The Empire Awards was an annual British awards ceremony honouring cinematic achievements in the local and global film industry. Winners were awarded the Empire Award statuette. The awards, first presented in 1996, were presented by the British film magazine Empire with the winners voted by the readers of the magazine.

The 23rd Empire Awards was the final ceremony, held on 18 March 2018 in London to honour films released in 2017. The awards were sponsored by Jameson Irish Whiskey from the 14th Empire Awards and were thenceforth officially called the Jameson Empire Awards. The official sponsor of the Awards changed to Rakuten TV for the 23rd Empire Awards. The Empire Awards ceremonies were discontinued after 2018 for unknown reasons.
1974 Football League Cup final
The 1974 Football League Cup final was the final match of the 1973–74 Football League Cup, the 14th season of the Football League Cup, a football competition for the 92 teams in The Football League. The match was played at Wembley Stadium on 2 March 1974, and was contested by two First Division clubs, Manchester City and Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Wolves won the match 2–1 with goals from Kenny Hibbitt and John Richards. Colin Bell had equalised for Manchester City. This gave the Midlanders their first major silverware since lifting the 1960 FA Cup.

1973–74 Football League Cup
The 1973–74 Football League Cup was the 14th season of the Football League Cup, a knockout competition for England's top 92 football clubs.

Wolverhampton Wanderers won the competition by defeating Manchester City 2–1 in the final on 2 March 1974. This triumph gave them entry to the 1974–75 UEFA Cup.
Yusuf Bey
Yusuf Bey (born Joseph Stephens; December 21, 1935 – September 30, 2003) was an American Black Muslim activist and leader who was a member of the Lost-Found Nation of Islam, an offshoot of Louis Farrakhan's Nation of Islam (NOI).

After discovering the teachings of Elijah Muhammed in the 1960s, he adopted the name Yusuf Bey and moved to Oakland, California, and then Santa Barbara, California, where in 1968 he opened a bakery. The bakery moved to Oakland by 1971. Renamed Your Black Muslim Bakery, it became the center of a local Black nationalist community. Held out at the time as a model of African-American economic self-sufficiency, the business fell apart after Bey's death and a series of murders linked to criminal activities.

African-American Muslims
African-American Muslims, also known as Black Muslims, are an African-American religious minority. African-American Muslims account for over 20% of American Muslims. They represent one of the larger Muslim populations of the United States as there is no ethnic group that makes up the majority of American Muslims. They mostly belong to the Sunni sect, but smaller Shia and Nation of Islam minorities also exist. The history of African-American Muslims is related to African-American history in general, and goes back to the Revolutionary and Antebellum eras. October is Muslim African American Heritage Month.
Disa marlothii
Disa marlothii is a perennial plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Disa and is part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Eastern Cape and the Western Cape. It occurs in the Hex River Valley, Koue Bokkeveld, central Cederberg and Tsitsikamma Mountains. It grows at altitudes of 600 - 1 300 m along streams between the rocks. There are six subpopulations that are widely separated and each consists of less than 20 plants. The species has no threats but is considered rare.

Disa (plant)
Disa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. It comprises about 182 species. Most of the species are indigenous to tropical and southern Africa, with a few more in the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, and Réunion. Disa bracteata is naturalised in Western Australia, where the local name is "African weed-orchid."

The genus Disa was named by P.J. Bergius in 1767. It was named after Disa, the heroine of a Swedish legend.
Phase line (mathematics)
In mathematics, a phase line is a diagram that shows the qualitative behaviour of an autonomous ordinary differential equation in a single variable, . The phase line is the 1-dimensional form of the general -dimensional phase space, and can be readily analyzed.

Autonomous system (mathematics)
In mathematics, an autonomous system or autonomous differential equation is a system of ordinary differential equations which does not explicitly depend on the independent variable. When the variable is time, they are also called time-invariant systems.

Many laws in physics, where the independent variable is usually assumed to be time, are expressed as autonomous systems because it is assumed the laws of nature which hold now are identical to those for any point in the past or future.
1909 Tour de France
The 1909 Tour de France was the seventh edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 5 July to 1 August. It consisted of 14 stages over 4,497 kilometres (2,794 mi), ridden at an average 28.658 km/h. The results were computed by points accorded finishing positions on each stage, the rider with fewest points at the end of the race winning the race. The stages were approximately the same as in the 1907 and 1908 Tour de France.

Because Lucien Petit-Breton, the winner of the Tour de France in 1907 and 1908, did not enter, the runner-up of 1908, François Faber, was the favourite. Faber went on to win six of the 14 stages and won the race easily.

1908 Tour de France
The 1908 Tour de France was the sixth running of the annual Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It was organised by the newspaper L'Auto, and took place between 13 July and 9 August. The Tour was split in 14 stages, with a total distance of 4,497 kilometres (2,794 mi).

The pre-race favourite was Lucien Petit-Breton, winner of the previous Tour. Petit-Breton dominated the race; he won the general classification and five of the fourteen stages, and thus became the first cyclist who won the Tour twice. For the first time, the final podium in Paris was not completely French: François Faber from Luxembourg ended as second in the general classification, after winning four stages.
General Motors Motorama
The General Motors Motorama was an auto show staged by GM from 1949 to 1961. These automobile extravaganzas were designed to whet public appetite and boost automobile sales with displays of fancy concept cars and other special or halo models. Motorama grew out of Alfred P. Sloan's yearly industrial luncheons at New York City's Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, beginning in 1931. They were almost invariably held in conjunction with the New York Auto Show, that for many years was held traditionally in the first week of January.

General Motors Firebird
The General Motors Firebird comprises a quartet of prototype cars that General Motors (GM) engineered for the 1953, 1956, and 1959 Motorama auto shows. The cars' designers, headed by Harley Earl, took Earl's inspiration from the innovations in fighter aircraft design at the time. General Motors never intended the cars for production, but rather to showcase the extremes in technology and design that the company was able to achieve.

GM preserved the prototype cars at the GM Heritage Center in Sterling Heights, Michigan. Models of the cars are in the permanent collection of the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, and the cars still make regular appearances at car shows.

The tradition of offering prototype vehicles continued with the Pontiac Banshee series. From 1967 to 2002, the Pontiac division of GM marketed its Firebird line of pony cars, which had no direct relation to these series of Firebird concept cars.