hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.

Land navigation
Land navigation is the discipline of following a route through unfamiliar terrain on foot or by vehicle, using maps with reference to terrain, a compass, and other navigational tools. It is distinguished from travel by traditional groups, such as the Tuareg across the Sahara and the Inuit across the Arctic, who use subtle cues to travel across familiar, yet minimally differentiated terrain.

Land navigation is a core military discipline, which uses courses or routes that are an essential part of military training.  Often, these courses are several miles long in rough terrain and are performed under adverse conditions, such as at night or in the rain.

In the late 19th century, land navigation developed into the sport of orienteering. The earliest use of the term 'orienteering' appears to be in 1886.  Nordic military garrisons began orienteering competitions in 1895.
Kstovo
Kstovo (Russian: Кстово) is a town and the administrative center of Kstovsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, 22 kilometers (14 mi) southeast of Nizhny Novgorod, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  66,657 (2010 census); 66,944 (2002 census); 62,414 (1989 Soviet census).

Kstovo refinery
The Kstovo Refinery, also known as Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez (Russian: Лукойл-Нижегороднефтеоргсинтез) is an oil refinery in the Russian city of Kstovo, one of the largest in the country. This refinery has belonged to the Russian company Lukoil since 2001.
Richard Blackmore
Sir Richard Blackmore (22 January 1654 – 9 October 1729), English poet and physician, is remembered primarily as the object of satire and as an epic poet, but he was also a respected medical doctor and theologian.

The Dunciad
The Dunciad (/ˈdʌnsi.æd/) is a landmark, mock-heroic, narrative poem by Alexander Pope published in three different versions at different times from 1728 to 1743. The poem celebrates a goddess, Dulness, and the progress of her chosen agents as they bring decay, imbecility, and tastelessness to the Kingdom of Great Britain.
Nelson and Colne College
Nelson & Colne College is a further education college in the town of Nelson, Lancashire, North West of England, providing further education to Pendle and the surrounding districts. It is a tertiary college, offering courses to post-16 students, adult learners and those in employment looking to gain new or additional qualifications.

Nelson, Lancashire
Nelson is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, it had a population of 33,617 in 2021. Nelson is 3 miles (5 km) north of Burnley and 2 miles (3 km) south-west of Colne. Nelson developed as a mill town during the Industrial Revolution.
R548 road (Ireland)
The R548 road is a regional road in County Cork, Ireland. The R548 is a short spur off the R584 leading from Doirín Dún Aodha (Derreendonee) to the Aireagal Ghuagán Barra (Gougane Barra Oratory) car park.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
2005 Kyrgyz presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Kyrgyzstan on 10 July 2005. The result was a landslide victory for acting President Kurmanbek Bakiyev, marking the end of his interim government formed after the previous president, Askar Akayev, was overthrown in the revolution in March 2005.

Tulip Revolution
The Tulip Revolution, also known as the First Kyrgyz Revolution, led to Kyrgyzstan's then-President Askar Akayev's fall from power. The revolution began after parliamentary elections on 27 February and 13 March 2005. The revolutionaries alleged corruption and authoritarianism by Akayev, his family and supporters. Akayev fled to Kazakhstan and then to Russia. On 4 April 2005, at the Kyrgyz embassy in Moscow, Akayev signed his resignation statement in the presence of a Kyrgyz parliamentary delegation. The resignation was ratified by the Kyrgyz interim parliament on 11 April 2005.
Banu Aws
The Banū Aws (Arabic: بنو أوس  pronounced [ˈbanuː ʔaws], "Sons of Aws") or simply Aws (Arabic: أوس, also romanized as Aus) was one of the two main Arab tribes of Medina. The other was the Khazraj. Both were descendants of Thaʻlaba bin ʻAmr, the son of King Muzayqiya, who ruled parts of Yemen in the 2nd century and was the leader of the Azd tribe.

Aws and Khazraj were known as Banū Qayla (بنو قيلة  [ˈbænuː ˈqɑjlæ]) in the pre-Islamic era. After the Hijra, the journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, both tribes became known as Ansar ("The Helpers").

Yawm al-Buath
The Yawm al-Buʿāth (Arabic: معرکة بُعاث) was a 7th-century, pre-Islamic Arabian battle in Medina that was fought between the two dominant tribes living there, the Aws and the Khazraj. The battle marked the final armed conflict between both tribes before their conversion to Islam after the arrival of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Misgurnus
Misgurnus is a genus of true loaches found in Europe and Asia. The origin of the name Misgurnus comes from the Greek word miseo (to hate) and the Turkish gür (loud), a name given to them due to their habit of becoming very active during barometric pressure changes that occur during thunderstorms. The common names, weather loach or weatherfish, also derive from this behavior. Some species of misgurnus are eaten, mostly in Asia, and are also sold as pets in the aquarium trade. Their average size can range from 6 to over 12 inches.

Cobitidae
Cobitidae, also known as the true loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish. They occur throughout Eurasia and in Morocco, and inhabit riverine ecosystems. Today, most "loaches" are placed in other families (see below). The family includes about 260 described species. New species are being described regularly.
Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51
The Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51 (2021 population: 343) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 4 and SARM Division No. 3. Located in the southwest corner of the province, it is adjacent to the United States border to the south and the Alberta boundary to the west.

Division No. 4, Saskatchewan
Division No. 4 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the southwest corner of the province, bordering Alberta to the west and Montana, United States to the south. The most populous community in this division is Maple Creek.
Wiki software
Wiki software (also known as a wiki engine or a wiki application) is collaborative software that runs a wiki, which allows the users to create and collaboratively edit pages or entries via a web browser. A wiki system is usually a web application that runs on one or more web servers. The content, including previous revisions, is usually stored in either a file system or a database. Wikis are a type of web content management system, and the most commonly supported off-the-shelf software that web hosting facilities offer.

There are dozens of actively maintained wiki engines. They vary in the platforms they run on,  the programming language they were developed in, whether they are open-source or proprietary, their support for natural language characters and conventions, and their assumptions about technical versus social control of editing.

BlueSpice
BlueSpice is free wiki software based on the MediaWiki engine and licensed with the GNU General Public License. It is especially developed for businesses as an enterprise wiki distribution for MediaWiki and used in over 150 countries.

The freely available version BlueSpice free is considered one of the most popular wiki computer programs for knowledge management in companies.
Tioclomarol
Tioclomarol is an anticoagulant of the 4-hydroxycoumarin vitamin K antagonist type. It is a second generation drug, used as a rodenticide that is effective for the control of rodents that are resistant to this class of drugs.

4-Hydroxycoumarins
4-Hydroxycoumarins are a class of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulant drug molecules. Chemically, they are derived from coumarin by adding a hydroxy group at the 4 position to obtain 4-hydroxycoumarin, then adding a large aromatic substituent at the 3-position (the ring-carbon between the hydroxyl and the carbonyl). The large 3-position substituent is required for anticoagulant activity.

The primary mechanism of the 4-hydroxycoumarin drugs is the inhibition of vitamin K epoxide reductase. These compounds are not direct antagonists (in the pharmaceutical sense) of vitamin K, but rather act to deplete reduced vitamin K in tissues. For this reason vitamin K antagonizes their effect, and this has led to the loose terminology of "vitamin K antagonist".
Focke-Wulf Fw 186
The Focke-Wulf Fw 186 was a one-man autogyro, built by Focke-Wulf in 1937 with backing from the RLM (ReichsLuftfahrtMinisterium - Reich Aviation Ministry), for use as a liaison and reconnaissance aircraft.  It featured short takeoff and landing (STOL) characteristics.

Only one prototype of the aircraft was constructed, and the project was abandoned when the RLM preferred the Fieseler Fi 156 Storch over the Fw 186.

Focke-Wulf
Focke-Wulf Flugzeugbau AG (German pronunciation: [ˌfɔkəˈvʊlf]) was a German manufacturer of civil and military aircraft before and during World War II. Many of the company's successful fighter aircraft designs were slight modifications of the Focke-Wulf Fw 190. It is one of the predecessor companies of today's Airbus.
Murder of Margaret Fetterolf
Margaret Fetterolf (December 27, 1959 – September 11, 1976) was an American murder victim from Alexandria, Virginia, who was discovered on September 12, 1976, in Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland. For 45 years, her body remained unidentified before being identified in September 2021 through DNA testing by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children, Bode Technology, and Othram. Prior to her identification, she was known as "Woodlawn Jane Doe", in reference to the area of the county in which her body was found. The murderer, or murderers, have never been apprehended.

Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland
Woodlawn is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 39,986. It is home to the headquarters of the Social Security Administration (SSA) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It is bordered by Catonsville on the south, by the Patapsco River and Howard County on the west, by Randallstown and Lochearn to the north, and by the City of Baltimore to the east. Parts of Woodlawn are sometimes informally referred to as Security, Maryland, due to the importance of the SSA's headquarters as well as nearby Security Boulevard (Maryland Route 122) and Security Square Mall.

The Lorraine Park Cemetery Gate Lodge and St. Mary's Episcopal Church were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Kursk constituency
The Kursk constituency (No.109) is a Russian legislative constituency in Kursk Oblast. The constituency covers part of Kursk and north-western Kursk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Yekaterina Kharchenko, former Deputy Governor of Kursk Oblast, who won the open seat, after defeating one-term United Russia incumbent Tatyana Voronina in the primary.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Turón, Asturias
Turón is one of 15 parishes (administrative divisions) in Mieres, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The Turón Valley was a major site of coal mining in northern Spain.

Mieres
Mieres is a municipality of Asturias, northern Spain, with approximately 38,000 inhabitants.  The municipality of Mieres is made up of the capital, Mieres del Camino and the villages of Baíña, Figaredo, Cenera, Loredo, La Peña, La Rebollada, Santullano, Santa Rosa, Seana, Ujo, Urbiés, Valdecuna, Santa Cruz, Ablaña, Turón, Gallegos, Bustiello.
Spodek
Spodek is a multipurpose arena complex in Katowice, Poland, opened on 9 May 1971. Aside from the main dome, the complex includes a gym, an ice rink, a hotel and three large car parks. It was the largest indoor venue of its kind in Poland until it was surpassed by Tauron Arena in 2014.

The Spodek hosts many important cultural and business events. Music concerts are especially common non-sport events. It can hold around 11,500 people, although this number is in practice limited to 10,000 or even 8,000 due to stage set-ups obscuring the view.

The Polish word "spodek" translates to "saucer" in English, and also refers to a flying saucer since its iconic shape resembles a UFO. Spodek is a major contribution to the cultural significance of Katowice in Poland, especially for the younger generations. It has also been used as an unofficial logo for the city on posters promoting redevelopment in Katowice. Moreover, Spodek is home to ice hockey clubs in the winter months.

Supersam
Supersam was a modernist supermarket in Warsaw, at Mokotowski Square, built in 1962 and designed by Jerzy Hryniewiecki, Maciej Krasinski and Ewa Krasińska with structural engineer Wacław Zalewski. It was the first self-serve supermarket in the country and one of the greatest achievements of modernism in Poland. Supersam was demolished in 2006 and replaced by a new architectural complex built between 2013 and 2015.
County of Provence
The County of Provence was a largely autonomous medieval state that eventually became incorporated into the Kingdom of France in 1481. For four centuries Provence was ruled by a series of counts that were vassals of the Carolingian Empire, Burgundy and finally the Holy Roman Empire, but in practice they were largely independent.

Ramon Berenguer V, Count of Provence
Ramon Berenguer IV or V (French: Raimond-Bérenger; 1198 – 19 August 1245) was a member of the House of Barcelona who ruled as count of Provence and Forcalquier. He was the first count of Provence to live in the county in more than one hundred years. During the minority of a previous count in 1144–1161, the regency was exercised by Ramon Berenguer IV de Barcelona, who is sometimes counted among the counts of Provence, which has led to varied numbering of the counts of Provence named Ramon Berenguer. This Ramon Berenguer was the fourth of his name to be a reigning count of Provence.
History of logarithms
The history of logarithms is the story of a correspondence (in modern terms, a group isomorphism) between multiplication on the positive real numbers and addition on  real number line that was formalized in seventeenth century Europe and was widely used to simplify calculation until the advent of the digital computer.  The Napierian logarithms were published first in 1614. E. W. Hobson called it "one of the very greatest scientific discoveries that the world has seen.": p.5  Henry Briggs introduced common (base 10) logarithms, which were easier to use. Tables of logarithms were published in many forms over four centuries. The idea of logarithms was also used to construct the slide rule (invented around 1620–1630), which was ubiquitous in science and engineering until the 1970s. A breakthrough generating the natural logarithm was the result of a search for an expression of area against a rectangular hyperbola, and required the assimilation of a new function into standard mathematics.

Napierian logarithm
The term Napierian logarithm or Naperian logarithm, named after John Napier, is often used to mean the natural logarithm. Napier did not introduce this natural logarithmic function, although it is named after him. 
However, if it is taken to mean the "logarithms" as originally produced by Napier, it is a function given by (in terms of the modern natural logarithm):

The Napierian logarithm satisfies identities quite similar to the modern logarithm, such as

or

In Napier's 1614 Mirifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio, he provides tables of logarithms of sines for 0 to 90°, where the values given (columns 3 and 5) are
Estevan Comprehensive School
Estevan Comprehensive High School (also known as ECS or "The Comp" locally) is located in Estevan, Saskatchewan, Canada. ECS opened in September 1969. As of 2022, the school had a population of 752 students.

The school colors are blue, red and white. 'Electroman' is the school's mascot, loosely inspired by the Norse god Thor.

Estevan
Estevan is the eleventh-largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) north of the Canada–United States border. The Souris River runs by the city. This city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Estevan No. 5.
Muswellbrook railway station
Muswellbrook railway station  is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Main Northern line in Muswellbrook, New South Wales, Australia. The station serves the town of Muswellbrook and was designed by John Whitton, the Chief Engineer of NSW Railways. It is also known as Muswellbrook Railway Station and yard group and Musclebrook Railway Station. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Muswellbrook
Muswellbrook (/ˈmʌsəlbrʊk/ MUSS-əl-bruuk) is a town in the Upper Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, about 243 km (151 mi) north of Sydney and 127 km (79 mi) north-west of Newcastle.

Geologically, Muswellbrook is situated in the northern parts of the Sydney basin, bordering the New England region.

The area is predominantly known for coal mining and horse breeding, but has also developed a reputation for gourmet food and wine production. As of the 2021 census Muswellbrook has a population of 12,272. Located to the south of the Muswellbrook township are two coal fuelled power stations, Liddell (closed in 2023) and Bayswater. They were commissioned in 1973 and mid 1980s respectively and employ approximately 500 people from the area. The Muswellbrook Coal Mine operated from 1907 to 2022, and is scheduled for a 135 MW solar facility with a 270 MWh / 135 MW grid battery. A 400 MW / 3,200M Wh (8-hour) pumped hydro project may operate by 2030.
Gmina Linia
Gmina Linia (Kashubian: Gmina Lëniô) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Linia, which lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-west of Wejherowo and 47 km (29 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 119.82 square kilometres (46.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,785. It belongs to bilingual communes in Poland.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.

Kashubian Landscape Park
Kashubian Landscape Park (Polish: Kaszubski Park Krajobrazowy, Kashubian: Kaszëbsczi Park Krajòbrazny) is a Landscape Park, a Polish protected area classification, in northern Poland. It represents the natural landscape of and is named after the historic Kashubian culture that existed in this region.
Nocher II, Count of Soissons
Nocher II (died 1019), Count of Bar-sur-Aube, Count of Soissons. He was the son of Nocher I, Count of Bar-sur-Aube. Nocher's brother Beraud (d. 1052) was Bishop of Soissons.

Nocher became Count of Soissons, jure uxoris, upon his marriage to Adelise, Countess of Soissons.  Nocher and Adelisa had three children:

Nocher III (d. 1040), Count of Bar-sur-Aube, had at least two daughters by unknown wife:
Adèle (d. 1053), Countess of Bar-sur-Aube
Isabeau

Guy, archbishop of Reims

Renaud I, Count of Soissons

Nocher's son and namesake became Count of Bar-sur-Aube upon his death, and the countship of Soissons reverted to his wife.  His son Renaud would eventually become the Count of Soissons.

Counts of Soissons
This is a list of those who bore the title Count of Soissons (French: Comte de Soissons) and ruled Soissons and its civitas or diocese as a county in the Middle Ages. The title continued in use into modern times, but without ties to the actual Soissonnais.
Kufra District
Kufra, Kufrah or Kofra (Arabic: الكفرة Al Kufra), also spelled Cufra in Italian, is the largest district of Libya and the second-largest African administrative division. It is slightly smaller than the country of Turkmenistan. Its capital is Al Jawf, one of the oases in Kufra basin. There is a very large oil refinery near the capital. In the late 15th century, Leo Africanus reported an oasis in the land of the Berdoa, visited by a caravan coming from Awjila. It is possible that this oasis in question was either the Al Jawf or the Taiserbo oasis, and on early modern maps, the Al Kufra region was often labelled as Berdoa based on this report.

Al Jawf, Libya
Al Jawf (Arabic: الجوف Al Ğawf) is a town in southeastern Libya, the capital of the Kufra district in Libya.

The city has an elevation of 382.2 m (1,254 feet). In 2022, the city's population was 18,587. Al Jawf receives almost no rain, averaging only 2.5 millimetres or 0.1 inches per year. Summer high temperatures average above 38 °C or 100 °F.

The city lies in the largest oasis in the Kufra basin, extracting the water from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System. It is one of the most heavily irrigated oases in the Sahara. The surrounding area contains clusters of center-pivot irrigation systems used for agriculture. The distinctive pattern was photographed from orbit by the crew of the International Space Station in 2016.
Al-Khaburah Club
Al-Khaburah Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الخابورة الرياضي) is an Omani professional football club based in Al-Khaburah, Al Batinah Region, Oman. The club currently plays in the Oman Professional League, top division of Oman Football Association. Their home ground is Sohar Regional Sports Complex. The stadium is government owned, but the club also has its own stadium and sports equipment, as well as its own training facilities.

Oman Professional League
The Oman Professional League (Arabic: دوري المحترفين عمان; known as the Omantel Professional League for sponsorship reasons), previously known as the Omantel Elite League, is the top division of the Oman Football Association, and was officially created in 1976. Currently, the most successful team in the league is Dhofar with 12 titles to their name.