hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Free Lie algebra
In mathematics, a free Lie algebra over a field K is a Lie algebra generated by a set X, without any imposed relations other than the defining relations of alternating K-bilinearity and the Jacobi identity.

Free object
In mathematics, the idea of a free object is one of the basic concepts of abstract algebra. Informally, a free object over a set A can be thought of as being a "generic" algebraic structure over A: the only equations that hold between elements of the free object are those that follow from the defining axioms of the algebraic structure. Examples include free monoids, free groups, tensor algebras, or free lattices.

The concept is a part of universal algebra, in the sense that it relates to all types of algebraic structure (with finitary operations). It also has a formulation in terms of category theory, although this is in yet more abstract terms.
Charles Leclerc (general, born 1772)
Divisional-General Charles Victoire Emmanuel Leclerc (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl viktwaʁ emanɥɛl ləklɛʁ]; 17 March 1772 – 2 November 1802) was a French Army officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars. He was the husband of Pauline Bonaparte, the younger sister of Napoleon. In 1801, Leclerc was appointed commander of the Saint-Domingue expedition with the goal of restoring French rule and slavery in the colony of Saint-Domingue and deposing Governor-General Toussaint Louverture. The expedition defeated Louverture's army and deported him to France, but Leclerc died of yellow fever after the colony's Black population revolted against French rule.

Pauline Bonaparte
Paula Maria Bonaparte Leclerc Borghese (French: Pauline Marie Bonaparte, pronounced [pɔlin maʁi bɔnapaʁt]; 20 October 1780 – 9 June 1825), better known as Pauline Bonaparte, was an imperial French princess, the first sovereign Duchess of Guastalla, and the princess consort of Sulmona and Rossano. She was the sixth child of Letizia Ramolino and Carlo Buonaparte, Corsica's representative to the court of King Louis XVI. Her elder brother, Napoleon, was the first emperor of the French. She married Charles Leclerc, a French general, a union ended by his death in 1802.

Later, Pauline married Camillo Borghese, 6th Prince of Sulmona. Her only child, Dermide Leclerc, born from her first marriage, died in childhood. She was the only Bonaparte sibling to visit Napoleon in exile on his principality, Elba.
Kit Kat Guest Ranch
The Kit Kat Guest Ranch is a legal, licensed brothel in the US state of Nevada located about 7 miles (11 km) east of Carson City in the unincorporated town of Mound House, in Lyon County, at 48 Kit Kat Drive. The ranch was owned by Dennis Hof until his death in October 2018.

It sits along the east side of a loop at the south end of Kit Kat Drive, which also is the home to two other brothels owned by Hof: The Love Ranch and the Sagebrush Ranch. The name of this brothel is often shortened to the Kit Kat Ranch.

The Love Ranch
The Love Ranch is a legal, licensed brothel located about 7 miles (11 km) east of Carson City, Nevada in the unincorporated town of Mound House, in Lyon County, at 95 Kit Kat Drive, also known as The Love Ranch North.

It sits along the southeast side of the cul de sac at the end of Kit Kat Drive, just off Highway 50 (Lincoln Highway), approximately 1.2 mile (1.6 km) from the Moonlite BunnyRanch. Also on the cul de sac are two other brothels the Kit Kat Guest Ranch and the Sagebrush Ranch; and Madam Suzette's Red Light Cabaret Strip Club. The cul de sac is collectively known as the Madam Suzette and Dennis Hof's Red Light District.
Princess Iron Fan (1941 film)
Princess Iron Fan (traditional Chinese: 鐵扇公主; simplified Chinese: 铁扇公主; pinyin: Tiě shàn gōngzhǔ), is the first full-length Chinese animated feature film. It is also considered the first Asian animated feature film. The film is based on an episode of the 16th-century novel Journey to the West. It was directed in Shanghai under difficult conditions in the thick of World War II by Wan Guchan and Wan Laiming (the Wan brothers) and was released on 19 November 1941.

The film later became influential in the development of East Asian animation, including Japanese anime, Vietnamese animation, Korean animation and Chinese animation.

Wan brothers
The Wan Brothers (Chinese: 萬氏兄弟) were 20th century animators born in Nanjing, China. They became the founders and pioneers of the Chinese animation industry and made the first  Asian animation feature-length film, Princess Iron Fan in 1941.
Staedtler
Staedtler SE (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛtlɐ]) is a German multinational stationery manufacturing company based in Nuremberg. The firm was founded by J.S. Staedtler (1800–1872) in 1835 and produces a large variety of stationery products, such as writing implements (including technical drawing instruments), art materials, and office supplies.

Staedtler claims to be the largest European manufacturer of wood-cased pencils, overhead projector pens, mechanical pencils, leads, erasers, and modelling clays. Staedtler has over 26 global subsidiaries and nine manufacturing facilities. Almost two thirds of the production is in four facilities in Nuremberg, Germany.  Some of its products are made in Japan. Its "Noris" line of pencils is extremely common in British schools.

Faber-Castell
Faber-Castell AG is a German privately held multinational manufacturer of pens, pencils, other office supplies (e.g., staplers, slide rules, erasers, rulers) and art supplies, as well as high-end writing instruments and luxury leather goods. Headquartered in Stein, Bavaria, Germany, it operates 14 factories and 20 sales units throughout the globe.

The Faber-Castell Group employs a staff of approximately 6,500 and does business in more than 120 countries. The House of Faber-Castell is the family which founded and continues to exercise leadership within the corporation. Faber-Castell manufactures about 2 billion pencils in more than 120 different colors every year.
Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, also known as Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan, Cuthbert, Eadfrith, and Eadberht of Lindisfarne. The island was originally home to a monastery, which was destroyed during the Viking invasions but re-established as a priory following the Norman Conquest of England. Other notable sites built on the island are St Mary the Virgin parish church (originally built in 635 CE and restored in 1860), Lindisfarne Castle, several lighthouses and other navigational markers, and a complex network of lime kilns. The island is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and a hotspot for historical tourism and bird watching.

Aidan of Lindisfarne
Aidan of Lindisfarne (Irish: Naomh Aodhán; died 31 August 651) was an Irish monk and missionary credited with converting the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity in Northumbria. He founded a ministry cathedral on the island of Lindisfarne, known as Lindisfarne Priory, served as its first bishop, and travelled ceaselessly throughout the countryside, spreading the gospel to both the Anglo-Saxon nobility and the socially disenfranchised (including children and slaves).

He is known as the Apostle of Northumbria and is recognised as a saint by the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, and others.
Şerif Yenen
Şerif Yenen (born 17 May 1963) is a Turkish travel specialist, tour guide, travel writer, film-maker, international keynote speaker and lecturer. He wrote Turkish Odyssey in English, the “first guidebook of Turkey ever written by a Turk”. His latest work, published in 2025, is a comprehensive, revised, and expanded three-volume edition of his original guidebook, Turkish Odyssey.

Yenen gives lectures about travel and Turkish history and culture, the majority of which are in academic communities. His guidebooks are used as textbooks or are on suggested reading lists at various universities, and his articles and columns are published in international magazines and national newspapers.

Turkish Odyssey
Turkish Odyssey, A Cultural Guide to Turkey is a guidebook written by Şerif Yenen, it is the “first guidebook of Turkey ever written by a Turk”.

The book has been translated into multiple languages and its various editions are used in academia. A comprehensive, revised, and expanded three-volume edition was released in 2025.
Grey Nuns Motherhouse
Grey Nuns Motherhouse, now known as the Grey Nuns Building, is a former motherhouse of the Grey Nuns located at 1190 Guy Street, in the Borough of Ville-Marie, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. It is also named Grey Nuns Hospital of Montréal (not to be confused with Grey Nuns' Hospital located south of Place d'Youville). The building was completed in 1871.

In 2007, it was bought by Concordia University and refurbished. It now serves as co-ed housing for 598 undergraduate students on the Sir George Williams Campus within the neighbourhood redevelopment project Quartier Concordia.

A crypt containing the graves of 276 nuns and other individuals is located in the basement. Among them was Mother Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, the first native-born Canadian to be declared a saint. In 2010 her remains were removed and relocated to her 1701 birthplace of Varennes, a community on the South Shore.

In 2011, it was designated one of the National Historic Sites of Canada.

Marie-Marguerite d'Youville
Marguerite d'Youville, SGM (French pronunciation: [maʁɡʁit djuvil]; October 15, 1701 – December 23, 1771) was a French Canadian widow who founded the Sisters of Charity of Montreal, commonly known as the "Grey Nuns". She was canonized by Pope John Paul II in 1990, becoming the first native-born Canadian to be declared a saint.
John Dunn (bushranger)
John Dunn (14 December 1846 – 19 March 1866) was an Australian bushranger.  He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass in New South Wales. He was 19 years old when he was hanged in Darlinghurst Gaol. He was buried in the former Devonshire Street Cemetery in Sydney.

Devonshire Street Cemetery
The Devonshire Street Cemetery (also known as the Brickfield Cemetery or Sandhills Cemetery) was located between Eddy Avenue and Elizabeth Street, and between Chalmers and Devonshire streets, at Brickfield Hill, in Sydney, Australia. It was consecrated in 1820. The Jewish section was used from 1832. By 1860, the cemetery was full, and it was closed in 1867.
Fort Johnson, New York
Fort Johnson (formerly known as Akin) is a hamlet and former village in Montgomery County, New York, United States. It is located on the north side of the Mohawk River in the town of Amsterdam. The population was 401 at the 2020 census, down from 490 in 2010.

Mohawk River
The Mohawk River is a 149-mile-long (240 km) river in the U.S. state of New York. It is the largest tributary of the Hudson River, flowing into it in Cohoes, a few miles north of the state capital of Albany. The river is named for the Mohawk Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy. A significant portion of the river's valley served as the path of the Erie Canal, key to developing both New York state and the Great Lakes area.  The Mohawk's largest tributary, the Schoharie Creek, accounts for over one quarter (26.83%) of the river's watershed, with West Canada Creek contributing another 16.33% of total.
Missouri State Penitentiary
The Missouri State Penitentiary was a prison in Jefferson City, Missouri, that operated from 1836 to 2004. Part of the Missouri Department of Corrections, it served as the state of Missouri's primary maximum security institution. Before it closed, it was the oldest operating penal facility west of the Mississippi River. It was replaced by the Jefferson City Correctional Center, which opened on September 15, 2004. The penitentiary is now a tourist attraction, and guided tours are offered.

Potosi Correctional Center
Potosi Correctional Center (PCC) is a Missouri Department of Corrections prison located in unincorporated Washington County, Missouri, near Mineral Point. The facility houses 897 inmates as of the 2020 U.S. census. It is a Level 5 maximum security prison for male inmates.

The facility, which opened in 1989, is a maximum security prison. In 1989 it had about 200 prisoners.

Shortly after the prison's opening, the majority of the non-death row prisoners at Potosi were serving long sentences, such as life imprisonment without parole, or sentences with a 50-year minimum before parole eligibility. A small number had shorter sentences.
David L. Cunningham
David L. Cunningham (born February 24, 1971) is an American documentarian and filmmaker. Besides his documentary credits in more than 40 countries, Cunningham has also directed several feature films including To End All Wars (2001) and the TV miniseries The Path to 9/11 (2006). Cunningham is represented by the United Talent Agency.

To End All Wars
To End All Wars is a 2001 war film starring Robert Carlyle, Kiefer Sutherland and Sakae Kimura and was directed by David L. Cunningham. The film is based on Through the Valley of the Kwai, an autobiography of Ernest Gordon, then a Scottish Captain, later the Presbyterian Dean of the Princeton University Chapel.
Te Tai Tokerau
Te Tai Tokerau (lit. 'The North Coast') is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate that was created out of the Northern Maori electorate ahead of the first Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) election in 1996. It was held first by Tau Henare representing New Zealand First for one term, and then Dover Samuels of the Labour Party for two terms. From 2005 to 2014, it was held by MP Hone Harawira. Initially a member of the Māori Party, Harawira resigned from both the party and then Parliament, causing the 2011 by-election. He was returned under the Mana Party banner in July 2011 and confirmed at the November 2011 general election. In the 2014 election, he was beaten by Labour's Kelvin Davis, ending the representation of the Mana Party in Parliament.

Kelvin Davis (politician)
Kelvin Glen Davis (born 2 March 1967) is a New Zealand politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives, and was a senior minister in the Sixth Labour Government and the deputy leader of the New Zealand Labour Party from 2017 to 2023.

A former teacher, Davis was first elected as a list MP in 2008. He was not re-elected in 2011, but returned to Parliament as a list MP in May 2014 and went on to win the electorate of Te Tai Tokerau that September. He held the electorate for two further elections, but was defeated in the 2023 election. After briefly returning to Parliament as a list MP, Davis announced he would retire from politics on Waitangi Day, 6 February 2024.

During the Sixth Labour Government, Davis served as the Minister of Corrections, Minister for Children, Minister for Māori–Crown Relations, Minister of Tourism, and Associate Minister of Education (Māori Education).
Schillinger system
The Schillinger system of musical composition, named after Joseph Schillinger (1895–1943) is a method of musical composition based on mathematical processes. It comprises theories of rhythm, harmony, melody, counterpoint, form and semantics, purporting to offer a systematic and non-genre approach to music analysis and composition; a descriptive rather than prescriptive grammar of music.

While it influenced some prominent figures, such as Lawrence Berk (founder of the Berklee College of Music) and George Gershwin (likely influencing the piece "I Got Rhythm Variations"), it began to fall out of favor in the 1960s after receiving criticisms for being over-complicated and pseudo-scientific, and was removed from the Berklee curriculum.

Lawrence Berk
Lawrence Berk (December 10, 1908 – December 22, 1995) was the founder of Berklee College of Music, a pianist, composer and arranger, and educator.

Berk oversaw the growth of the modest Schillinger House music school into the Berklee College of Music, the largest independent school of music in the world. Between founding Schillinger House in 1945 and his retirement from Berklee College of Music in 1978, his entrepreneurial and music-industry savvy enabled the school's curriculum to keep place with popular music trends, developments in electronic music, and advancements in recording technology. He highly valued the practical application of classroom instruction, yet he guided the development of the curriculum to enable the school to become an accredited, degree-granting institution.
NCIS: Los Angeles season 2
The second season of NCIS: Los Angeles an American police procedural drama television series originally aired on CBS from September 21, 2010, through May 17, 2011. The season was produced by Shane Brennan Productions and CBS Television Studios, with Shane Brennan as showrunner and executive producer. The season continues to follow the stories of the members of the Office of Special Projects, an undercover division of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS).

The season features a major cast change: Eric Christian Olsen joins the cast, reprising his role as Marty Deeks from season one. Renée Felice Smith joins the team in episode 4 in a recurring capacity, and is promoted to a starring role in the eleventh episode. Peter Cambor is no longer a series regular, and is credited as a special guest star in the 4 episodes he appears.

Renée Felice Smith
Renée Felice Smith (born January 16, 1985) is an American actress, director, and producer best known for her lead role as Nell Jones on the CBS military action drama series NCIS: Los Angeles (2010–19). Smith made her first appearance during its second season and remained a series regular until its twelfth season, but returned for a guest appearance in the series finale. She is also known for her role as Missy in the psychological drama film Detachment (2011).
The Northern School of Art
The Northern School of Art is a further and higher education art and design college, based in Middlesbrough and Hartlepool in the north-east of England. The college was called Cleveland College of Art and Design after the former non-metropolitan county of Cleveland, operational from 1974 to 1996. In April 2018 it was announced that the college would change its name to The Northern School of Art effective from September 2018.

The college's current principal is Martin Raby.

Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough (/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ ⓘ MID-əlz-brə), colloquially known as Boro, is a port town in the Borough of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. Lying to the south of the River Tees, it forms part of the Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley. In 2021, it had a population of 148,215.
Technics SL-J2
The Technics SL-J2 is a quartz-controlled direct-drive fully automatic turntable system produced by Technics between 1984 and 1988. It features a linear tracking tonearm with an optical sensor that allows for the kind of track-skipping more typical of CD players. The sensor also detects the size of the record sitting on the platter (7-inch, 10-inch, or 12-inch), which allows the needle to drop precisely on the first track.

Technics (brand)
Technics (テクニクス, Tekunikusu) is a Japanese audio brand established by Matsushita Electric (now Panasonic) in 1965. Since 1965, Matsushita has produced a variety of HiFi and other audio products under the brand name, such as turntables, amplifiers, radio receivers, tape recorders, CD players, loudspeakers, and digital pianos. Technics products were available for sale in various countries. The brand was originally conceived as a line of high-end audio equipment to compete against brands such as Nakamichi.

From 2002 onwards products were rebranded as Panasonic except in Japan and CIS countries (such as Russia), where the brand remained in high regard. Panasonic discontinued the brand for most products in October 2010, but it was revived in 2015 with new high-end turntables. The brand is best known for the SL-1200 DJ turntable, an industry standard for decades.
Interpersonal psychotherapy
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a brief, attachment-focused psychotherapy that centers on resolving interpersonal problems and achieving symptomatic recovery. IPT is an empirically supported treatment (EST) that follows a highly structured and time-limited approach. Interpersonal therapy is intended to be completed within 12–16 weeks. IPT is based on the principle that relationships and life events impact mood and vice versa. The treatment was developed by Gerald Klerman and Myrna Weissman in order to treat major depression in the 1970s and has since been adapted for other mental disorders. IPT is an empirically validated intervention for depressive disorders and is more effective when used in combination with psychiatric medications.

Gerald Klerman
Gerald L. Klerman (1928 – April 3, 1992) was an American psychiatrist and researcher whose work included the development of interpersonal psychotherapy, a short-term treatment for depression. He was chief of the US national mental health agency from 1977 to 1980.
Nadine Ames
Nadine Alexandra Dewi Ames (born 23 May 1991) is a British-Indonesian actress, model, philanthropist and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Puteri Indonesia 2010 and represented her country in the Miss Universe 2011 pageant held at the Credicard Hall in São Paulo, Brazil on September 12, 2011.

Puteri Indonesia 2010
Puteri Indonesia 2010, the 15th Annual Puteri Indonesia beauty pageant, was held in Jakarta Convention Center, Jakarta, Indonesia on October 8, 2010. Thirty eight contestants from all 33 provinces of Indonesia competed for the title of Puteri Indonesia, one of the most prominent beauty pageant titles in the country. Qory Sandioriva, Puteri Indonesia 2009 from Aceh crowned her successor Nadine Alexandra Dewi Ames of Jakarta SCR 4 at Assembly Hall, Jakarta Convention Center, Jakarta. Ames is going to represent Indonesia at the Miss Universe 2011 in  São Paulo, Brazil, while the first and second runners-up will represent the nation at the Miss International 2011 and the Miss Asia Pacific World 2011 respectively.

The event was broadcast live on Indonesian television network, Indosiar. Indonesian Minister for Female Empowerment and Child Protection, Linda Gumelar, as well as Ximena Navarrete, Miss Universe 2010, was present during the event.
Andhra State
Andhra State (IAST: Āndhra Rāṣṭramu; [ˈɑːndʰrʌ raːʂʈɾamu]), created in 1953, was the official name of the State of Andhra Pradesh until 1956. The state was formed from Telugu-speaking districts of the erstwhile Madras State, which form two distinct cultural regions – Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra.

Under the provisions of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Telugu-speaking territories of Hyderabad State were merged with Andhra State, and its name was changed to 'Andhra Pradesh'.

These newly added territories would later form the state of Telangana in 2014.

Rayalaseema
Rayalaseema (IAST: Rāyalasīma) (Telugu: రాయలసీమ) is a geographic region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises four southern districts of the State, from prior to the districts reorganisation in 2022, namely Kurnool, Anantapur, Kadapa, and Chittoor. Four new districts were created from these, namely Sri Sathya Sai, Nandyal, Annamayya, and Tirupati. As of 2011 census of India, the western four districts (before the district realignment) of the region had a population of 15,184,908 and cover an area of 77,424 km2 (29,894 mi2).
Port of Bordeaux
The Port of Bordeaux is a port facility and Grand port maritime located on France's Atlantic coast, on the Gironde Estuary. The port area stretches from the mouth of the Gironde to the city of Bordeaux, 100 km. SE.

A multipurpose port, Bordeaux handles cruise traffic, breakbulk, dry bulk and containers, as well as liquid bulk facilities at Pauillac and Bec d'Ambes.

The Port de la Lune is the ancient city port.

Bec d'Ambès
The Bec d'Ambès (French pronunciation: [bɛk dɑ̃bɛs], literally Beak of Ambès) is the point of confluence of the rivers Garonne and Dordogne, in the Gironde estuary. Situated 15 miles north of Bordeaux, it has an oil refinery which was destroyed by bombing during World War II, but rebuilt after the war. It is in the Ambès commune.