hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hereditary Prince of Monaco
The Hereditary Prince(ss) of Monaco is the title given to the heir apparent or heir presumptive of the Monegasque throne, since its official creation on 15 May 1882. Traditionally, a male Hereditary Prince is also given the title Marquis of Baux. Like the Reigning Sovereign Prince and all other members of the Princely Family, the Hereditary Prince or Hereditary Princess is styled His or Her Serene Highness.

Marquis of Baux
Marquis of Baux (French: Marquis des Baux) is a subsidiary title of the prince of Monaco. When possible, the title passes from the reigning prince to the first male heir apparent or heir presumptive of the Monegasque throne.

The present bearer of the title is Hereditary Prince Jacques. The marquisate was associated with the town of Les Baux-de-Provence, but later lost its administrative authority when control of the town reverted to France.

The title of "lord of Baux" had been used by other families previously. King Louis XIII of France re-granted the lordship as a marquisate to Prince Honoré II of Monaco by the Treaty of Péronne on 14 September 1641. The new title was first used by Honoré's only son, Ercole. Ercole died before his father, and thus the title has been granted for several centuries to the heirs of the prince of Monaco.
José María Oriol Urquijo
José María de Oriol y Urquijo, 3rd Marquis of Casa Oriol (1905–1985) was a Spanish entrepreneur and a Carlist and Francoist politician. During early Francoism a mayor of Bilbao, he is known mostly for his business activity, especially for his role in the Spanish energy industry, TALGO train development and the banking sector. He is counted among the most influential Spanish business managers of the 20th century.

Iberdrola
Iberdrola, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [iβeɾˈðɾola]) is a Spanish multinational electric utility company based in Bilbao, Spain. It has  around 40,000 employees and serves around 30 million customers.

Subsidiaries include ScottishPower (United Kingdom), Avangrid (United States) and Neoenergia (Brazil), amongst others. As of 2023, the largest shareholder of the company is the Qatar Investment Authority, with BlackRock and Norges Bank (managers of the Norwegian Government Pension Fund Global) also holding significant interests.

Iberdrola is the largest producer of wind power, and the world's second largest electricity utility by market capitalisation. As of 2023, the company operates a capacity of 62,045 MW, of which 41,246 MW are from renewable sources worldwide.
Socialist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist)
The Socialist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist) (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের সমাজতান্ত্রিক দল (মার্কসবাদী), abbreviated as BSD (Marxist) or BaSaD (Marxist)) is an anti-revisionist communist party in Bangladesh. The party is affiliated with the Left Democratic Alliance, a coalition of left‑wing parties in the country.

Due to the non-recognition of Shibdas Ghosh, the theorist of revolutionary politics in India, as the international authority of the communist movement, two central leaders left the Socialist Party of Bangladesh in 2013 and formed the new party. In February 2020, another split occurred following the expulsion of working committee member Subhangshu Chakrabarty and sixteen forum members. The split led to the formation of the Communist Movement of Bangladesh (CMB).

The party's monthly mouthpiece is called Sammobad (lit. 'Communism').

Left Democratic Alliance (Bangladesh)
Left Democratic Alliance (Bengali: বাম গণতান্ত্রিক জোট) is a alliance of six left‑wing political parties in Bangladesh. Out of these six parties, three parties - CPB, SPB (Basad), and SPBM are registered by Bangladesh Election Commission. The remaining three parties are not registered. The alliance participated in the July Revolution, which successfully deposed Sheikh Hasina from power.
Presidential Complex (Turkey)
The Presidential Complex (Turkish: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesi) is the presidential residence of the Republic of Turkey. The complex is located in the Beştepe neighborhood of Ankara, inside the Atatürk Forest Farm.

In accordance with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's "New Turkey" concept, it was envisaged that the Çankaya Mansion would become the prime ministerial complex and the president would move to the newly built palace. It was formally inaugurated as the official residence of the president by Erdoğan on the country's Republic Day, 29 October 2014.

President Erdoğan proposed to call the new presidential residence Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesi, referring to a traditional complex centered on a mosque. This was formally adopted as the residence's official name on 3 July 2015. The building cost was double the initial estimate of more than US$600 million. The Presidential Complex is home to the country's largest library with five million books.

Seraglio
A seraglio, serail, seray or saray (from Persian: سرای, romanized: sarāy, lit. 'palace', via Turkish, Italian and French) is a castle, palace or government building which was considered to have particular administrative importance in various parts of the former Ottoman Empire.

"The Seraglio" may refer specifically to the Topkapı Palace, the residence of the former Ottoman sultans in Istanbul (known as Constantinople in English at the time of Ottoman rule).
The term can also refer to other traditional Turkish palaces (every imperial prince had his own) and other grand houses built around courtyards.
MusicfestNW
MusicfestNW (MFNW) was a multi-venue music festival that took place every fall in Portland, Oregon from 2001 to 2018. In 2014 the format of the festival changed to a two-day waterfront music festival. The festival was organized by the alternative weekly Willamette Week. Its sister festival, TechfestNW (TFNW), ran from 2012 to 2021.

TechfestNW
TechfestNW (TFNW) was an annual technology conference in Portland, Oregon that ran from 2012 to 2021. It was founded by Willamette Week editor Mark Zusman, and was the sister festival to MusicfestNW, which ran from 2001 to 2018. The event included innovators, entrepreneurs, tech companies and investors from around the world. It featured main stage speakers, workshops, a startup pitch competition, exhibitor booths, networking opportunities and parties. In 2012, Fortune magazine called it the next South by Southwest (SXSW).

TechfestNW was held in several different venues, including the Portland Art Museum, OMSI, the Armory, and Left Bank Annex. In both 2020 and 2021, it was held online as a "virtual conference" due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Shishibu Station
Shishibu Station (ししぶ駅, Shishibu-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Koga, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.  It is operated by JR Kyushu.

The name of the station was officially announced by JR Kyushu on September 24, 2008. Until then, the station was provisionally called Shishibu Station but was written in kanji as "鹿部駅".

Koga, Fukuoka
Koga (古賀市, Koga-shi) is a city located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 29 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 59,282 in 26981 households, and a  population density of 1400 persons per km². The total area of the city is 42.07 km2 (16.24 sq mi).
IOS 11
iOS 11 is the eleventh major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple, being the successor to iOS 10. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 5, 2017, and was released on September 19, 2017. It was succeeded by iOS 12 on September 17, 2018.

MacOS High Sierra
macOS High Sierra (version 10.13) is the fourteenth major release of macOS, Apple's desktop operating system for Macintosh computers. macOS High Sierra was announced at the WWDC 2017 on June 5, 2017 and was released on September 25, 2017. The name "High Sierra" refers to the High Sierra region in California. Its name signified its goal to be a refinement of the previous macOS version, macOS Sierra, focused on performance improvements and technical updates rather than features. This makes it similar to previous macOS releases Snow Leopard, Mountain Lion and El Capitan. Among the apps with notable changes are Photos and Safari.

macOS High Sierra is the final version of macOS to support the Unibody iMac and the Polycarbonate Unibody MacBook, as its successor, macOS Mojave, drops support for the late 2009 and final models.

macOS High Sierra is the first to run on a Mac with T2 Security chip.
Oradea
Oradea (UK: /ɒˈrɑːdiə/, US: /ɔːˈr-, -djɑː/, Romanian: [oˈrade̯a]; Hungarian: Nagyvárad [ˈnɒɟvaːrɒd]; German: Großwardein [ˌɡʁoːsvaʁˈdaɪn]) is the capital of the Crișana region in Romania. It serves as the administrative centre of Bihor County. The city is situated on both banks of the Crișul Repede River.

As of 2021, Oradea is Romania's ninth most populous city. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Hungarian border. The municipality covers 11,556 hectares (28,560 acres) and lies between the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat plain.

The Oradea Fortress is a historic fortification located within the city, whose origins date back to the 11th century when it served as an episcopal residence and religious centre. Throughout the Middle Ages, the fortress played a strategic role in the border region between Central and Eastern Europe.

The city features Art Nouveau architecture, and is a member of both the Réseau Art Nouveau Network and the Art Nouveau European Route.

Baroque Palace of Oradea
The Baroque Palace of Oradea (Romanian: Palatul Baroc din Oradea; Hungarian: Nagyváradi barokk palota), also known as the Roman Catholic Episcopal Palace of Oradea (Romanian: Palatul Episcopiei Romano-Catolice din Oradea; Hungarian: Nagyváradi római katolikus püspöki palota), of the city of Oradea in Bihor County, Romania, is a building that dates to the Baroque times.
Camddwr
For the tributary of the River Wye, see Camddwr, Wye and for the tributary of the River Teifi, see Camddwr, Teifi.

The Camddwr is a significant right-bank tributary of the River Towy in the eastern part of Ceredigion, mid Wales. It rises on the undulating plateau east of Garn Gron (52°13′31″N 3°49′29″W﻿ / ﻿52.2253°N 3.8247°W﻿ / 52.2253; -3.8247﻿ (Camddwr, source)) and flows in a  generally south-southeasterly direction into Llyn Brianne, a reservoir formed by the damming of the upper Towy, (52°09′27″N 3°45′56″W﻿ / ﻿52.1574°N 3.7656°W﻿ / 52.1574; -3.7656﻿ (Camddwr, mouth)). A chapel at Soar y mynydd beside the river is often mentioned as being the most isolated in Wales.

Camddwr, Teifi
For the tributary of the River Towy, see Camddwr and for the tributary of the River Ithon, see Camddwr, Wye.

The Camddwr is a right-bank tributary of the River Teifi in Ceredigion, mid Wales. It rises to the west of the village of Bronnant and flows in a generally southeasterly direction to join the Teifi at Cors Caron, an extensive inland marsh protected as a national nature reserve. Its tributary streams include the right-bank ones of Afon Talfryn, Afon Hirfain, Nant yr Efail and Nant Tyn-y-swydd and Camddwr fach which enters on its left bank.
Château de Reichenstein, Kientzheim
Château de Reichenstein is a château in the former commune of Kientzheim (now Kaysersberg Vignoble), in the department of Haut-Rhin, Alsace, France. It has been a listed historical monument since 1996.

It is not to be confused with the eponymous castle near Riquewihr.

Château de Reichenstein, Riquewihr
Château de Reichenstein (Reichenstein Castle) is a ruined castle in the commune of Riquewihr, in the department of Haut-Rhin, Alsace, France. It has been a listed historical monument since 1990.

The ruin lies in the valley of the Sambach (a local brook). The ruin is near to Château de Bilstein, another castle ruin.
USC Physical Education building
The Physical Education building is the University of Southern California's oldest on-campus athletic building. It is home to the 1,000-seat North Gym as well as the campus's first indoor swimming facilities.

The North Gym was the USC Trojans men's volleyball and USC Trojans women's volleyball teams' home court from 1970 until 1988. From 1989 to 2006, the North Gym and the Lyon Center split time as the teams' home courts. In 2007, the teams moved to the Galen Center, but use the old venues if the Galen Center is reserved for other events.

Until 2006, the Trojans basketball and volleyball teams held practice in the North Gym.

The Physical Education building is home to USC's Air Force, Army, and Navy ROTC programs, and has been used as a filming location for many films, including Love & Basketball and Swimfan.

USC Trojans men's volleyball
USC Trojans men's volleyball is a collegiate volleyball team that represents the University of Southern California (USC). The team participates as a member of the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF), an athletic conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1970 and first awarded schlorships during the 1976–77 season. The program has won the NCAA Men's Volleyball Championship four times, and placed second seven times. Home games are played at Galen Center on the USC campus in Los Angeles, California.
Le Cercle
Le Cercle is an invitation-only foreign policy forum. Initially its focus was opposing communism and, in the 1970s and 1980s, supporting apartheid when the group had intimate ties with and funding from South Africa. The group was described by British Conservative MP Alan Clark as "an Atlanticist society of right-wing dignitaries".

As an elite conference, it is comparable to the Bilderberg meeting, but it is considered more secret and has no public and little media presence. Only selected and invited members are admitted to the meeting, and they are obliged to maintain secrecy.

Agenda items and lists of participants are not published. Members include diplomats, high-ranking politicians, journalists, businessman, intelligence agents, civil servants, members of the high nobility and other influential personalities.

World League for Freedom and Democracy
The World League for Freedom and Democracy (WLFD) is an international non-governmental organization of anti-communist politicians and groups. It was founded in 1954 as the  Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League (APACL) under the initiative of Chiang Kai-shek, leader of the Republic of China (first on Mainland China, after 1949 on Taiwan) and retired General Charles A. Willoughby and established by Ku Cheng-kang. During the Cold War, WACL actively participated in anti-communist and anti-Soviet positions.

In 1990, the organization changed to its current name, but has preserved its traditions and former ties. It unites representatives from more than 100 countries and has eight regional divisions. It has its headquarters in Taipei, Taiwan.
Looney Labs
Looney Labs, Inc. is a small game company based in College Park, Maryland, United States. It is named after its founders, Andrew Looney and Kristin Looney, and is best known for creating the Fluxx line of card games. The company has three U.S. patents and eight Origins Awards.

The company's games are distributed by ACD Distribution, Alliance Game Distributors and GTS for the U.S. hobby game market, Lion Rampant for Canada and Publisher Services, Inc. for U.S. mass market and book trade and the international market.

Icehouse pieces
Icehouse pieces, or Icehouse Pyramids, Treehouse pieces, Treehouse Pyramids and officially Looney Pyramids, are nestable and stackable pyramid-shaped gaming pieces and a game system. The game system was invented by Andrew Looney and John Cooper in 1987, originally for use in the game of Icehouse.
Flornes
Flornes is a village in Stjørdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the western part of the municipality along the Stjørdalselva river, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the town of Stjørdalshalsen. The village of Sona lies to the west and the village of Gudå (in Meråker Municipality) lies to the east.

The village is the location of Floren Chapel. The Meråkerbanen railway line used to stop here at Flornes Station, and the European route E14 highway also runs through the village.

Floren Chapel
Floren Chapel or Flora Chapel (Norwegian: Floren kapell or Flora kapell) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Stjørdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Flornes. It is one of the churches for the Hegra parish which is part of the Stjørdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1902 using plans drawn up by the architect Gunnar Øverkil. The church seats about 170 people.
Roman Kostrzewski
Roman Kostrzewski (15 February 1960 – 10 February 2022) was a Polish heavy metal musician. He was the lead vocalist and songwriter of Kat until 2005. From then onwards, he focused on performing with Kat & Roman Kostrzewski. He also founded Alkatraz, another heavy metal band, with Valdi Moder in 2000.

Kat & Roman Kostrzewski
Kat & Roman Kostrzewski ("Kat & RK") was a Polish thrash metal band formed by Roman Kostrzewski and Ireneusz Loth after they had left their original band KAT in 2004. Some of the fanbase of KAT views Kat & Roman Kostrzewski as its successor, mainly due to the characteristic vocals of Roman, his lyrics and choice to sing in Polish as in most of KAT's original albums.

Since 2004 the group has toured extensively through Poland, while composing material for their first album Biało-czarna" (White-and-black), which was released in April 2011 by Mystic Production. The first samples off the new album were released in late 2010.

On February 10, 2022, Roman Kostrzewski died of cancer at the age of 61.
Hillbilly Days
Hillbilly Days is an annual festival that takes place in Pikeville, Kentucky. The festival is hosted by Pikeville it can be as early as the 11th of April and as late as the 21st of April. Each year it brings in over 100,000 people, from all across the continent of North America, who line the streets of the City of Pikeville. Each year this festival raises money for the local Shriners Children's Hospital.  According to WYMT Mountain News in Hazard, Kentucky, this event, "gives hillbillies of all ages a chance to have a little fun.....And it lets them embrace the hillbilly lifestyle." This event continuously grows and according to the Southeast Kentucky Chamber of Commerce, "Hillbilly Days 2013 will be bigger and better than ever.".

Pikeville, Kentucky
Pikeville (/ˈpaɪkvəl/) is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Pike County, Kentucky, United States. Its population was 7,754 as of the 2020 census. Pikeville serves as a regional economic, educational, and entertainment hub for the surrounding areas of eastern Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. It is home to the University of Pikeville and the Pikeville Cut-Through, the second-largest earthmoving project in the Western Hemisphere.
United Tajik Opposition
The United Tajik Opposition (UTO) was an alliance of liberal, nationalist and Islamist forces that officially banded together in 1993, after the most violent phase of the Tajikistani Civil War. The UTO fought against the pro-communist and Khujandi government forces led by Emomali Rahmon, then Emomali Rakhmonov.

The UTO opposition consisted of the Islamic Renaissance Party (IRP), Rastokhez (Rebirth), the Democratic Party of Tajikistan (DPT), and Lali Badakhshan (Ruby of Badakshan). The UTO made successful advances against the Rakhmon government, pushing the leader to begin negotiations. In 1997, a peace treaty was concluded between the Rakhmon government and the UTO.

Following the treaty, several units of the Opposition became part of the Tajik National Army, becoming some of its most experienced units.

Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan
The Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan also known as the Islamic Revival Party of Tajikistan, is a banned Islamist political party in Tajikistan. Until 2015, when it was designated a terrorist organisation, it was the only legal Islamist party in Central Asia.
Standing Committee of the Hunan Provincial People's Congress
The Standing Committee of the Hunan Provincial People's Congress (Chinese: 湖南省人民代表大会常务委员会) is a permanent organ of the Hunan Provincial People's Congress, responsible to and reporting to the Hunan Provincial People's Congress. Its main functions are legislation, supervision, personnel appointment and removal, decision-making on major issues, theoretical research on people's congresses, etc.

Hunan Provincial People's Congress
The Hunan Provincial People's Congress is the people's congress of Hunan, a province of China. The Congress is elected for a term of five years. Hunan Provincial People's Congress meetings are held at least once a year. After a proposal by more than one-fifth of the deputies, a meeting of the people's congress at the corresponding level may be convened temporarily.
Chiusano d'Asti
Chiusano d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Turin and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 236 and an area of 2.5 square kilometres (0.97 mi2).

Chiusano d'Asti borders the following municipalities: Asti, Camerano Casasco, Cinaglio, Cossombrato, Montechiaro d'Asti, and Settime.

Settime
Settime is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Turin and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 561 and an area of 6.7 square kilometres (2.6 mi2).

Settime borders the following municipalities: Asti, Chiusano d'Asti, and Cinaglio.
Víkar, Faroe Islands
Víkar (pronounced [ˈvʊikaɹ]) is an abandoned village in the Faroe Islands on the north coast of the island of Vágar.

The name Víkar means coves in Faroese, a name with a similar meaning to that of the island of Vágar itself.

Vágar
Vágar (Faroese pronunciation: [vɔːaɹ]; Danish: Vågø) is one of the 18 islands in the archipelago of the Faroe Islands and the most westerly of the large islands. With a size of 178 square kilometres (69 square miles), it ranks third in size, behind Streymoy and Eysturoy. Vágar region also comprises the island of Mykines.

The Vágar island shape is very distinctive, since on maps it resembles a dog's head. The fjord Sørvágsfjørður is the mouth and the lake Fjallavatn is the eye.
Adaptation (eye)
In visual physiology, adaptation is the ability of the retina of the eye to adjust to various levels of light. Natural night vision, or scotopic vision, is the ability to see under low-light conditions. In humans, rod cells are exclusively responsible for night vision, as cone cells are only able to function at higher illumination levels. Night vision is of lower quality than day vision because it is limited in resolution and colors cannot be discerned; only shades of gray are seen. In order for humans to transition from day to night vision they must undergo a dark adaptation period of up to two hours in which each eye adjusts from a high to a low luminescence "setting", increasing sensitivity hugely, by many orders of magnitude. This adaptation period is different between rod and cone cells and results from the regeneration of photopigments to increase retinal sensitivity. Light adaptation, in contrast, works very quickly, within seconds.

Night vision
Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions, either naturally with scotopic vision or through a night-vision device. Night vision requires both sufficient spectral range and sufficient intensity range. Humans have poor night vision compared to many animals such as cats, dogs, foxes and rabbits, in part because the human eye lacks a tapetum lucidum, tissue behind the retina that reflects light back through the retina thus increasing the light available to the photoreceptors. The trade-off of night vision adaptation is less color clarity and detail (an adaptation the human eye excels at); an almost 'greyish' perception in bright daylight.