hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leitmeritz concentration camp
Leitmeritz was the largest subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp, operated by Nazi Germany in Leitmeritz, Reichsgau Sudetenland (now  Litoměřice, Czech Republic). Established on 24 March 1944 as part of an effort to disperse and increase war production, its prisoners were forced to work in the caverns Richard I and II, producing Maybach HL230 tank engines for Auto Union (now Audi) and preparing the second site for intended production of tungsten and molybdenum wire and sheet metal by Osram. Of the 18,000 prisoners who passed through the camp,  about 4,500  died due to disease, malnutrition, and accidents caused by the disregard for safety by the SS staff who administered the camp. In the last weeks of the war, the camp became a hub for death marches. The camp operated until 8 May 1945, when it was dissolved by the German surrender.

Maybach HL230
The Maybach HL230 was a water-cooled 60° 23-litre V12 petrol engine. It was one of many different sized engines designed by Maybach. It was used during World War II in medium and heavy German tanks – the Panther, Jagdpanther, Tiger II, Jagdtiger (HL230 P30), and later versions of the Tiger I and Sturmtiger (HL230 P45).
Abang Haji Abdillah
Datu Patinggi Abang Haji Abdillah (13 October 1862 – 21 November 1946) was a Sarawakian politician in Sarawak who participated in the movement opposing cessation to the British Empire. He was the son of Datu Bandar Abang Haji Mohammad Kassim; who served as mayor of Kuching under the White Rajah's administration. He was also the grandson of Datu Bandar Abang Haji Bolhassan and a descendant of Datu Patinggi Ali who fought to achieve Sarawak's independence from Brunei. After the death of his father in Mecca, in 1922, he was given the title Datu Muda. In 1924, he became the Datu Bandar and then in 1939, he was given the title Datu Patinggi.

Datu Patinggi Ali
Datu Patinggi Abang Ali bin Abang Amir (commonly known as Datu Patinggi Ali) was a key figure in the Sarawak Malays' resistance against the Brunei Empire, which occurred throughout Pengiran Indera Mahkota and Raja Muda Hashim's reign in the 1830s. He became one of the first supporters of the Brooke Raj and was hailed as Sarawak's first national hero. He played an important role in the 1830s uprising against Bruneian authority. In an endeavor to oppose Brunei's attempts to subjugate Sarawak through local leaders, he was described by contemporaries as a determined and courageous leader. After the Sarawak dispute ended, Brooke appointed Ali as his aide-de-camp.
Batalpashinsky otdel
The Batalpashinsky otdel was a Cossack district (otdel) of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Stavropol Governorate to the north, the Labinsky and Maykopsky otdels to the west, the Sochi and Sukhumi okrugs to the south, and the Terek Oblast to the east. The area of the Batalpashinsky otdel included most of the contemporary Karachay-Cherkessia region of Russia. The administrative capital was the city of Batalpashinskaya (present-day Cherkessk).

Maykopsky otdel
The Maykopsky otdel was a district (otdel - literally "department") of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Kavkazsky otdel to the north, the Yekaterinodarsky otdel to the west, the Black Sea Governorate to the south, and the Labinsky and Batalpashinsky otdels to the east. The area of the Maykopsky otdel mostly corresponded to Adygea within Russia. The district was eponymously named for its administrative center, Maykop.
Bihar State Sports Authority
The Bihar State Sports Authority (BSSA) is an autonomous sports governing body in the Indian state of Bihar. It was established to promote sports development, provide infrastructure, and support athletes across the state.

BSSA was established on 25 March 2023 under the Societies Registration Act, 1860, as part of the Government of Bihar’s initiative to strengthen the state's sports ecosystem.

BSSA manages and oversees various sports facilities in Bihar. The most prominent is the Patliputra Sports Complex in Patna, which hosts national-level events and training camps.

Patliputra Sports Complex
The Patliputra Stadium at the Patliputra Sports Complex is a multi-purpose stadium in Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar. The first Women World Cup Kabaddi Championship was held at the stadium in its inaugural year, in which 16 countries had participated. It also hosted  seven league matches of new Pro Kabaddi League with its home team Patna Pirates from 7 to 10 August in 2014.
Eintracht Frankfurt (women)
Eintracht Frankfurt is a German women's association football club based in Frankfurt. Its first team currently plays in the German top flight, Frauen-Bundesliga. From 1998 to 2020, the club was known as 1. FFC Frankfurt.

Eintracht have won seven German women's football championships, nine Frauen DFB-Pokals, and four UEFA Women's Champions League titles (trailing only Lyon). Eintracht play at the Stadion am Brentanobad, and their biggest rivals are 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam.

FCR 2001 Duisburg
FCR 2001 Duisburg (full name: Fußballclub Rumeln 2001 Duisburg) was a German women's football club from Duisburg. The first team played in the Bundesliga. They originate from a women's team formed in 1977 under the umbrella of FC Rumeln-Kaldenhausen and have existed as an independent club since 8 June 2001. The colors of the 400-member-strong club are green and white. The first team of FCR 2001 Duisburg, who carry the nickname of "Die Löwinnen" (lionesses), have played in the Bundesliga since gaining promotion in 1993. Winning the UEFA Women's Cup in 2009 and with past success in the German championship (2000) and the cup (twice), FCR Duisburg was one of the top teams in German women's football. In 2013 the club filed for insolvency and players joined and formed a new women's section at MSV Duisburg.
Michael Bradley (hurler)
Michael Bradley (born 1994) is an Irish hurler who plays for Antrim Senior Championship club St. John's and at inter-county level with the Antrim senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a midfielder or at wing-forward.

Antrim county hurling team
The Antrim county hurling team represents Antrim GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in the Gaelic sport of hurling. The team competes in the Joe McDonagh Cup and the National Hurling League. It also contests the Ulster Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) when the competition is run, winning the latest title in 2017.

Antrim's home ground is Casement Park, Belfast. The team's manager is Davy Fitzgerald.

The team last won the Ulster SHC in 2017, but has never won the All-Ireland Senior Championship or the National League.

The team is nicknamed the Saffrons, the Saffron men or the Glensmen.
2013 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival
The 2013 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival was an international multi-sport event held between 17 and 22 February 2013, in Braşov, Romania, with some of the events also held in Râșnov, Predeal and Fundata. It was the 11th edition of the European Youth Olympic Winter Festival.

It was organized by the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee (COSR), headed by Octavian Morariu. 1,465 athletes, aged between 14 and 18, from 45 nations participated in 36 events of eight disciplines. It was the first multi-sport competition hosted by Romania since the 1981 Summer Universiade that took place in Bucharest.

Fundata
Fundata (German: Fundatten; Hungarian: Fundáta) is a commune in Brașov County, Romania, in the historic region of Transylvania. It is composed of three villages: Fundata, Fundățica (Kleinkertzberg; Kisfundáta), and Șirnea (Schirnen; Sirnea). The place offers panoramas for the Piatra Craiului Mountains and Bucegi Mountains. During the 2013 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival, it held the biathlon competition in the new venue of the town.
Bambai Raat Ki Bahon Mein
Bambai Raat Ki Bahon Mein (transl. In the Arms of the Bombay Night) is a 1967 suspense crime-thriller Hindi film written, produced and directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas. The film starred Vimal Ahuja, Surekha, David, Irshad Panjatan, A. K. Hangal, Madhukar, Kuljit Pal and debutantes Jalal Agha and Persis Khambatta in major roles.

At the 1967 National Film Awards it won the National Film Award for Best Cinematography for Ramachandra.

Irshad Panjatan
Irshad Panjatan (born 7 September 1931) is an Indian actor and veteran mime artist, based in Berlin, who introduced the art form to India during the 1960s. He started his career as stage actor, acted in few Bollywood films, and later received acclaim as mime artist. He toured through West-Asian and European countries in 1971, which led him to Berlin, where he settled down. Over the years he has even acted in a few Hollywood and German films, Manitou's Shoe (2001), Free Rainer (2007), God is No Soprano (2003) and Iron Sky (2012).
Cumberland County, Kentucky
Cumberland County is a county located in the Pennyroyal Plateau region of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,888. Its county seat is Burkesville. The county was formed in 1798 and named for the Cumberland River, which in turn may have been named after the Duke of Cumberland or the English county of Cumberland.

Burkesville, Kentucky
Burkesville is a home rule-class city in Cumberland County, Kentucky, in the United States. Nestled among the rolling foothills of Appalachia and bordered by the Cumberland River to the south and east, it is the seat of its county. The population was 3,713 at the 2020 census.
Chas Licciardello
Charles John "Chas" Licciardello (born 10 May 1977) is an Australian comedian and member of satirical team The Chaser. He is currently the co-host, with John Barron, of Planet America on ABC TV and co-host of the P.E.P. "Planet Extra" Podcast. Licciardello has appeared as a regular of CNNNN, The Chaser's War on Everything and The Hamster Wheel.

The Hamster Wheel
The Hamster Wheel is an Australian television satirical comedy series broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) television station ABC1. It is created and presented by the satirical group The Chaser.
Vasily Polenov
Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov (Russian: Василий Дмитриевич Поленов; 1 June 1844 – 18 July 1927) was a Russian landscape painter associated with the Peredvizhniki movement of realist artists. His contemporaries would call him the "Knight of Beauty" as he embodied both European and Russian traditions of painting. His vision of life was summarized as following: "Art should promote happiness and joy".

Yelena Polenova
Yelena Dmitrievna Polenova (Russian: Елена Дмитриевна Поленова; 15 November 1850, Saint Petersburg - 7 November 1898, Moscow) was a Russian painter and graphic artist in the Art Nouveau style. She was one of the first illustrators of children's books in the Russian Empire. Her brother was the landscape painter Vasily Polenov.
U.S. Route 65
U.S. Route 65 (US 65) is a north–south United States highway in the southern and midwestern United States. The southern terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 425 and Louisiana Highway 15 in Clayton, Louisiana. The northern terminus is at Interstate 35 just south of Interstate 90 in Albert Lea, Minnesota. Parts of its modern route in Iowa and historic route in Minnesota follow the old Jefferson Highway.

U.S. Route 160
U.S. Route 160 (US 160) is a 1,465-mile-long (2,358 km) east–west United States Numbered Highway in the Midwestern and Western United States. The western terminus of the route is at US 89 five miles (8.0 km) west of Tuba City, Arizona. The eastern terminus is at US 67 and Missouri 158 southwest of Poplar Bluff, Missouri.
Its route, if not its number, was made famous in song in 1975, as the road from Wolf Creek Pass to Pagosa Springs, Colorado in C.W. McCall's country music song "Wolf Creek Pass".
Andy Grammer (album)
Andy Grammer is the debut album from American recording artist Andy Grammer. It was released on June 14, 2011, via S-Curve Records. The album was preceded by the platinum-certified single "Keep Your Head Up", which was released on November 15, 2010.

It was produced by Matt Wallace (Maroon 5), Matt Radosevich, Dave Katz, and Sam Hollander (Gym Class Heroes), and peaked at #105 on the US Billboard 200 chart as well as #1 on the Billboard Heatseekers Albums chart.

Keep Your Head Up (Andy Grammer song)
"Keep Your Head Up" is the debut single by American recording artist Andy Grammer from his eponymous debut studio album Andy Grammer (2011). It was written by Grammer and produced by Lion's Share, with additional production by Steve Greenberg. The song was first released November 15, 2010 as the album's lead single. It debuted at number 94 on the Billboard Hot 100 and since then has reached number 53. The song was RIAA-certified Platinum, for sales of over 1 million downloads, in 2011. It also entered the charts in Australia, Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands and New Zealand. The song was released in the UK on March 12, 2012, but failed to chart.

Grammer also released a bilingual version of the song in France, alternatively titled "Relève la tête", featuring French singer Mélissa Nkonda. This version reached number 156 in France.
Dinah Murray
Dinah Karen Crawshay Murray (27 May 1946 – 7 July 2021) was a writer, educator and campaigner for autistic people. She collaborated in developing the theory of monotropism as a way of explaining autism in terms of a tendency to focus intensely on a subject.

Monotropism
Monotropism is an individual's tendency to focus their attention on a small or singular number of interests at any time, with them neglecting or not perceiving lesser interests. This cognitive strategy has been posited as the central underlying feature of autism.

A tendency to focus attention tightly has a number of psychological implications, with it being seen as a state of "tunnel vision". While monotropism tends to cause people to miss things outside their attention tunnel, within it, their focused attention can lend itself to intense experiences, deep thinking, and, more specifically, flow states. However, this form of hyperfocus makes it harder to redirect attention, including starting and stopping tasks, leading to what is often described as executive dysfunction in autism, and stereotypies or perseveration, where a person's attention is repeatedly drawn back to the same subject or activity.
Miss Conspirator
Miss Conspirator (Korean: 미쓰 GO; RR: Misseu GO; lit. 'Miss Go') is a 2012 South Korean action comedy film starring Go Hyun-jung as a nerdy, reclusive cartoonist with a severe case of sociophobia who somehow gets mixed up in a drug deal involving one of the biggest organized crime groups in Korea, and is forced to deal with her phobia and interact with others as she runs from the police.

Go Hyun-jung
Go Hyun-jung (Korean: 고현정; born March 2, 1971) is a South Korean actress and beauty pageant titleholder. She debuted in the entertainment industry as a Miss Korea runner-up in 1989 and went on to star in Sandglass (1995), one of the highest-rated and critically acclaimed dramas in Korean television history. She retired after marrying chaebol Chung Yong-jin in 1995, then returned to acting after their divorce in 2003. Go has since regained her top star status in Korea, becoming the highest-paid actress on TV after the success of her series' Queen Seondeok (2009) and Big Thing (2010).
John Pierce (basketball)
John Daniel Pierce Jr. (born 1972) is an American former basketball center. He is the all-time/all-division/all-gender scoring leader in college basketball history with 4,230 points. He played college basketball at Lipscomb University.

Lipscomb University
Lipscomb University is a private Christian university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is affiliated with the Churches of Christ. The campus is located in the Green Hills neighborhood of Nashville; it also maintains one satellite location called "Spark" in Downtown Nashville to serve the business community. Total student enrollment for the fall 2022 semester was 4,704, which included 2,955 undergraduate students and 1,749 graduate students. Lipscomb has been rated the #3 Best College in Tennessee.
The Honey Pot
The Honey Pot, also known as The Honeypot, is a 1967 American crime comedy-drama film written and directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz. It stars Rex Harrison, Susan Hayward, Cliff Robertson, Capucine, Edie Adams, and Maggie Smith. The film was based on the play Mr. Fox of Venice by Frederick Knott, the novel The Evil of the Day by Thomas Sterling, and loosely on the 1606 play Volpone by Ben Jonson.

Volpone
Volpone ([volˈpoːne], Italian for "sly fox") is a comedy play by English playwright Ben Jonson first produced in 1605–1606, drawing on elements of city comedy and beast fable. A merciless satire of greed and lust, it remains Jonson's most-performed play, and it is ranked among the finest Jacobean era comedies.
Andrew Orvedahl
Andrew Orvedahl (born December 21, 1976) is an American comedian best known for his work with The Grawlix, a comedy trio consisting of Orvedahl, Adam Cayton-Holland and Ben Roy, and the TruTV scripted comedy television show Those Who Can't. As a member of The Grawlix, Orvedahl has starred in a series of Funny or Die video releases written and directed by The Nix Bros and the Grawlix Saves The World, a podcast on the Starburns Audio Network.

Those Who Can't
Those Who Can't is an American sitcom that aired on truTV. The series revolves around a group of teachers at a fictional high school in Denver, Colorado. It premiered February 11, 2016, and ran for three seasons before being canceled on April 24, 2019.
From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing
From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing was released in 1977 and is the ninth album by Michael Nesmith and eighth studio album as a singer/songwriter during his post-Monkees career. The album was Nesmith's second with vocals released on his own label, Pacific Arts.

The song "Love's First Kiss" is rare example of Nesmith collaborating with other songwriters to compose a song.

One single was released from the album in the US and worldwide, "Rio". Because of the length of the song, approximately three minutes were edited out of the song for the release of the single. Additionally, Nesmith recorded a promotional video for the track, "Rio", which was created by Nesmith, William Dear, and William E. Martin.  In other areas of the world where "Rio" gained chart success (such as England and Australia), a follow-up single, "Navajo Trail" b/w "Love's First Kiss", was issued.

Rio (Michael Nesmith song)
"Rio" is a song written and sung by American musician Michael Nesmith. Included on his 1977 album From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing, it was released as a single. Although the single was not a hit in the US, "Rio" became Nesmith's most successful solo single in other countries.

Popular interest in the song's music video rather than the song itself led Nesmith to consider creating television programming consisting of music videos.  Nesmith sent a proposal he called "Popclips", which was picked up by then cable television operator Nickelodeon. In a 2013 interview published in Rolling Stone, Nesmith said of the "Rio" music video, "I said to people, 'It's a promotional film' ... The answer was that I simply needed to complete the equation. 'Radio is to records as television is to video.' Then it was like, 'Of course!' and thus MTV was born."
Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism
In computational linguistics, the term mildly context-sensitive grammar formalisms refers to several grammar formalisms that have been developed in an effort to provide adequate descriptions of the syntactic structure of natural language.

Every mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism defines a class of mildly context-sensitive grammars (the grammars that can be specified in the formalism), and therefore also a class of mildly context-sensitive languages (the formal languages generated by the grammars).

Range concatenation grammar
Range concatenation grammar (RCG) is a grammar formalism developed by Pierre Boullier  in 1998 as an attempt to characterize a number of phenomena of natural language, such as Chinese numbers and German word order scrambling, which are outside the bounds of the mildly context-sensitive languages.

From a theoretical point of view, any language that can be parsed in polynomial time belongs to the subset of RCG called positive range concatenation grammars, and reciprocally.

Though intended as a variant on Groenink's literal movement grammars (LMGs), RCGs treat the grammatical process more as a proof than as a production. Whereas LMGs produce a terminal string from a start predicate, RCGs aim to reduce a start predicate (which predicates of a terminal string) to the empty string, which constitutes a proof of the terminal strings membership in the language.
Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (9 July 1511 – 7 October 1571) was queen consort of Denmark and Norway by marriage to King Christian III of Denmark. She was known to having wielded influence upon the affairs of state in Denmark.

Magnus, Duke of Holstein
Magnus of Denmark or Magnus of Holstein (5 September [O.S. 26 August] 1540 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1583) was a Prince of Denmark, Duke of Holstein, and a member of the House of Oldenburg. As a vassal of Tsar Ivan IV of Russia, he was the titular King of Livonia from 1570 to 1578.
Bihora State
Bihora State was a minor princely state during the British Raj in what is today Gujarat State India. It was initially administered by the Rewa Kantha Agency and then by the Baroda and Gujarat States Agency. It was part of the 28 Princely States making up the Sankheda Mehwas, estates dating from the fall of Pawagadh in 1484, by Rajputts settling on the south of the territory near the town of Sankheda, from which the Sankheda Mehwas derive their name. The state had a population of 266 and an area of 1.75 square miles.

Rewa Kantha Agency
Rewa Kantha was a political agency of British India, managing the relations (indirect rule) of the British government's Bombay Presidency with a collection of princely states. It stretched for about 150 miles between the plain of Gujarat and the hills of Malwa, from the Tapti River to the Mahi River crossing the Rewa (or Narmada) River, from which it takes its name.

The political agent, who was also District collector of the prant (British District) of the Panchmahal, resided at Godhra.
Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry
Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is an analytical chemistry technique that uses gas phase hydronium reagent ions which are produced in an ion source. PTR-MS is used for online monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air and was developed in 1995 by scientists at the Institut für Ionenphysik at the Leopold-Franzens University in Innsbruck, Austria. 
A PTR-MS instrument consists of an ion source that is directly connected to a drift tube (in contrast to SIFT-MS no mass filter is interconnected) and an analyzing system (quadrupole mass analyzer or time-of-flight mass spectrometer). Commercially available PTR-MS instruments have a response time of about 100 ms and reach a detection limit in the single digit pptv or even ppqv region. Established fields of application are environmental research, food and flavor science, biological research, medicine, security, cleanroom monitoring, etc.

Secondary electrospray ionization
Secondary electro-spray ionization (SESI) is an ambient ionization technique for the analysis of trace concentrations of vapors, where a nano-electrospray produces charging agents that collide with the analyte molecules directly in gas-phase. In the subsequent reaction, the charge is transferred and vapors get ionized, most molecules get protonated (in positive mode) and deprotonated (in negative mode). SESI works in combination with mass spectrometry or ion-mobility spectrometry.