hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New England hotspot
The New England hotspot, also referred to as the Great Meteor hotspot and sometimes the Monteregian hotspot, is a volcanic hotspot in the North Atlantic Ocean. It created the Monteregian Hills intrusions in Montreal and Montérégie, the White Mountains intrusions in New Hampshire, the New England and Corner Rise seamounts off the coast of North America, and the Seewarte Seamounts east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on the African Plate, the latter of which include its most recent eruptive center, the Great Meteor Seamount. The New England, Great Meteor, or Monteregian hotspot track has been used to estimate the movement of the North American Plate away from the African Plate from the early Cretaceous period to the present using the fixed hotspot reference frame.

Hotspot (geology)
In geology, hotspots (or hot spots) are volcanic locales thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle. Examples include the Hawaii, Iceland, and Yellowstone hotspots. A hotspot's position on the Earth's surface is independent of tectonic plate boundaries, and so hotspots may create a chain of volcanoes as the plates move above them.

There are two hypotheses that attempt to explain their origins. One suggests that hotspots are due to mantle plumes that rise as thermal diapirs from the core–mantle boundary. The alternative plate theory is that the mantle source beneath a hotspot is not anomalously hot, rather the crust above is unusually weak or thin, so that lithospheric extension permits the passive rising of melt from shallow depths.
Studio Élan
Studio Élan is an independent video game developer and publisher founded in 2017 by Josh Kaplan. They specialised in yuri visual novels and are best known for their first two titles, Highway Blossoms and Heart of the Woods.

Highway Blossoms
Highway Blossoms is a 2016 yuri romance visual novel developed by Studio Élan.

Set in the American Southwest, the game follows Amber and Marina on their search for a hidden treasure. The game received positive reception.
Raketa (hydrofoil)
Raketa (Russian: Раке́та, lit. 'Rocket') was the first type of hydrofoil boats commercially produced in the Soviet Union. First planned in the late 1940s as "project 340" by chief designer Rostislav Alexeyev, the vessels were manufactured from 1957 until the early 1970s.

The first model, Raketa-1, was built by Krasnoye Sormovo (Красное Сормово) shipbuilding plant in Sormovo, Nizhny Novgorod (Нижний Новгород). On its maiden voyage, on 25 August 1957, it carried 30 passengers from Nizhny Novgorod to Kazan (420 km) in seven hours.

Raketa boats were soon in wide commercial service on the Volga River and elsewhere in the Soviet Union. To this day, the name is often used generically in Russian for all hydrofoil river boats. Later designs include the Meteor and Kometa types, among many others.

There were several versions of project 340 vessels: project 340, project 340E and project 340ME.

Meteor (hydrofoil)
The "Meteor" (Russian: Метеор) (projects 342, 342E, 342U) refers to a widely produced series of Soviet high-speed river passenger hydrofoil vessels, developed by the Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod) Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau under the direction of Rostislav Alexeyev. Thanks to their solid seagoing characteristics, "Meteors" are capable of limited coastal voyages in near-shore maritime areas. Alongside the smaller "Raketa" hydrofoil, the "Meteor" is the most widely produced hydrofoil in both the USSR and globally, with more than 400 units built and operated in almost twenty countries across various continents.

The "Meteor" served as the basis for a range of related hydrofoils, including the smaller and similarly streamlined "Belarus" and "Voskhod" models, the larger but rarer "Sputnik" and "Burevestnik" river vessels, and the specialized ocean-going analogs "Kometa" and "Kolkhida".
Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat
Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat is a 1989 American Western comedy horror film directed by Anthony Hickox and starring David Carradine, Bruce Campbell, Morgan Brittany, and Deborah Foreman. It was written by Hickox and John Burgess.

Its only public screenings were at film festivals in Seattle and Palm Springs, as well as at Cannes. Released in 1991 on VHS and in 2008 on DVD, it has earned a cult following.

Morgan Brittany
Morgan Brittany (born Suzanne Cupito; December 5, 1951) is an American actress. She began her career as a child appearing in the film Gypsy (1962) and in a 1963 episode of The Twilight Zone, "Valley of the Shadow". She went on to appear in Stage to Thunder Rock (1964) and Yours, Mine and Ours. In the 1970s, Brittany began work as a model joining Ford Models. She played Vivien Leigh in films The Day of the Locust (1975), Gable and Lombard (1976) and The Scarlett O'Hara War (1980). Brittany is best-known for portraying Katherine Wentworth, the scheming younger half-sister of Pamela Ewing and Cliff Barnes, on the primetime soap opera Dallas (1981–1985, 1987).
1998–99 Southern Football League
The 1998–99 Southern Football League season was the 96th in the history of the league, an English football competition.

Nuneaton Borough won the Premier Division and earned promotion to the Football Conference. Hastings Town, Gresley Rovers and Bromsgrove Rovers were relegated from the Premier Division, whilst Havant & Waterlooville, Clevedon Town, Margate and Newport County were promoted from the Southern and Midland Divisions, the former two as champions. Bloxwich Town and Brackley Town were relegated to the eighth level whilst Andover resigned from the league.

At the end of the season Midland Division was renamed Western Division, and Southern Division was renamed Eastern Division.

Clevedon Town F.C.
Clevedon Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club representing Clevedon, Somerset, England. Affiliated to the Somerset County FA, they are currently members of the Western League Premier Division and play at the Hand Stadium in Kenn.

The club's motto 'vigilate et orate' is Latin for 'watch and pray'.
Courage My Love
Courage My Love was a Canadian rock band from Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. Formed in 2009, the band consisted of twin siblings, Mercedes Arn-Horn and Phoenix Arn-Horn, in addition to bassist Brandon Lockwood.

Mercedes Arn-Horn
Mercedes Arn-Horn (born October 31, 1993) is a Canadian musician, songwriter, director and actor.  She is the lead singer and guitarist of Canadian rock band Softcult, and was formerly the lead singer, guitarist and keyboardist of the Canadian rock band Courage My Love.
Addiscombe
Addiscombe /ˈædɪskəm/ is an area of south London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. It is located 9.1 miles (15 km) south of Charing Cross, and is situated north of Coombe and Selsdon, east of Croydon town centre, south of Woodside, and west of Shirley.

Shirley, London
Shirley is an area of south London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. It lies north of Spring Park and Addington, east of Addiscombe, south of Monks Orchard and west of West Wickham, and 10 miles south-southeast of Charing Cross. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, Shirley was in the administrative county of Surrey.

The Shirley area is split into Shirley proper (centred on Wickham Road), Shirley Oaks (to the north) and Upper Shirley (to the west); the suburbs of Monks Orchard and Spring Park are sometimes also considered to be sub-districts of Shirley.
Takin' It All Off
Takin' It All Off is a 1987 American sex comedy film from Ed Hansen and Robert T.Gervasoni's Hansen / Gervasoni productions company, and provided a quick sequel to Hansen and Gervasoni's popular 1985 feature Takin' It Off. The cast includes Kitten Natividad, cult actor George 'Buck' Flower, adult actress Jean Poremba and the British glamour model Gail Harris.

Kitten Natividad
Francesca Isabel Natividad (February 13, 1948 – September 24, 2022), known professionally as Kitten Natividad, was a Mexican-American film actress and exotic dancer. She was noted for her 44-inch (112 cm) bust, and appearances in cult films made by her ex-partner, director Russ Meyer.
1987 Castrol 500
The 1987 Castrol 500 was a race for Touring Cars complying with Appendix C of the National Competition Rules of the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (commonly known as Group A Touring Cars). The event was staged on 13 September 1987 over 129 laps of the 3.9 km Sandown circuit in Victoria, Australia, a total distance of 503 km.

The race, the 22nd Sandown 500, was won by George Fury and Terry Shiel, driving a Nissan Skyline DR30 RS.

George Fury
George Fury (born 31 January 1945, in Hungary) is a retired Australian rally and racing car driver. For the majority of his career Fury was associated with Nissan, twice winning the Australian Rally Championship, and twice runner up in the Australian Touring Car Championship. Fury, a farmer living and working in the New South Wales country town of Talmalmo, was nicknamed "Farmer George" or "The Talmalmo Farmer".
Melanie O'Brien
Melanie O'Brien is a legal scholar specialising in relations between sexual and gender-based violence against women, atrocities such as genocide and international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Since 2022 or earlier she has been an associate professor at the University of Western Australia. O'Brien has been the president of the International Association of Genocide Scholars from 2021–2025.

International Association of Genocide Scholars
The International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) is an international organization that seeks to further research and teaching about the nature, causes, and consequences of genocide. The IAGS also advances policy studies on the prevention of genocide. The official peer-reviewed academic journal of the association is called Genocide Studies and Prevention.

With over 500 members as of 2025, multiple sources describe the IAGS as the world's leading and largest organization of scholars studying genocide and crimes against humanity.
Guido Bernardi
Guido Bernardi (21 September 1921 – 22 January 2002) was an Italian cyclist. He was born in Pontenure. He won a silver medal in team pursuit at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, together with Arnaldo Benfenati, Anselmo Citterio and Rino Pucci.

Arnaldo Benfenati
Arnaldo Benfenati (26 May 1924 – 9 June 1986) was an Italian cyclist. He was born in Bologna. He won a silver medal in team pursuit at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, together with Rino Pucci, Anselmo Citterio and Guido Bernardi.
Inanda Seminary School
Inanda Seminary School is one of the oldest schools for girls in South Africa. It was founded in 1869 at Inanda, a settlement just over 20 miles (32 km) north of Durban, by Daniel and Lucy Lindley, an American missionary couple.

Adams College
Adams College is a historic Christian mission school in South Africa, associated with the United Congregational Church of Southern Africa (UCCSA). It was founded in 1853 at Amanzimtoti a settlement just over 20 miles (32 km) south of Durban by an American missionary. The settlement there is known as Adams Mission. The college's alumni include Presidents of Botswana and Uganda, several ministers and leaders of the African National Congress. It is recognised as a historic school. It has been called Adams School, Amanzimtoti Institute and the Amanzimtoti Zulu Training School.
C/O Saira Banu
C/O Saira Banu is a 2017 Indian Malayalam legal drama film Produced by MAQTRO Motion Pictures and directed by Antony Sony. It stars Manju Warrier in the title role along with Shane Nigam and Amala Akkineni in lead roles. The film marks the return of Amala to Malayalam cinema after a 25-year hiatus. It was released in India on 17 March 2017.

Manju Warrier
Manju Warrier (ʋaːɾjər; born 10 September 1978/1979) is an Indian actress, and producer who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema. She is the recipient of a National Film Award, a Kerala State Film Award, a  Tamil Nadu State Film Award and a record seven Filmfare Awards South.

Warrier made her acting debut with Sakshyam (1995). Her most notable films include Thooval Kottaram (1996), Sallapam (1996), Ee Puzhayum Kadannu (1996), Aaraam Thampuran (1997) and Summer in Bethlehem (1998). Post her marriage in 1998, she took a break from acting. Warrier returned to cinema with the acclaimed film How Old Are You? (2014).
Hero (John Paul Young album)
Hero is the debut studio album by Australian pop singer John Paul Young. The album was released in October 1975 and peaked at 9 and stayed in the charts for 20 weeks.

The album was certified gold in Australia.

John Paul Young
John Inglis Young, OAM (born 21 June 1950), known professionally as John Paul Young, is an Australian pop singer who is best known for having a worldwide hit with "Love Is in the Air" in 1978. His career was boosted by regular appearances as a performer and guest host on Countdown, a 1974–1987 TV series for Australia's national broadcaster ABC.
Besides "Love Is in the Air", Young had top ten chart success in Germany and the Netherlands with "Standing in the Rain" and four other top ten hits in South Africa, including No. 1 hits with "I Hate the Music" in 1976 and "Yesterday's Hero" in 1975.

On 27 August 2009, Young was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame.
Hypocycloid
In geometry, a hypocycloid is a special plane curve generated by the trace of a fixed point on a small circle that rolls within a larger circle. As the radius of the larger circle is increased, the hypocycloid becomes more like the cycloid created by rolling a circle on a line.

Hypotrochoid
In geometry, a hypotrochoid is a roulette traced by a point attached to a circle of radius r rolling around the inside of a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is a distance d from the center of the interior circle.

The parametric equations for a hypotrochoid are:

where θ is the angle formed by the horizontal and the center of the rolling circle (these are not polar equations because θ is not the polar angle). When measured in radians, θ takes values from 0 to  (where LCM is least common multiple).

Special cases include the hypocycloid with d = r and the ellipse with R = 2r and d ≠ r.  The eccentricity of the ellipse is

becoming 1 when  (see Tusi couple).

The classic Spirograph toy traces out hypotrochoid and epitrochoid curves.

Hypotrochoids describe the support of the eigenvalues of some random matrices with cyclic correlations.
Borough of Spelthorne
Spelthorne is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Staines-upon-Thames; other settlements in the area include Ashford, Sunbury-on-Thames, Shepperton, Stanwell and Laleham. It is named after the medieval Spelthorne Hundred which had covered the area.

The borough is largely urban; although outside the boundaries of Greater London, it is almost entirely inside the M25 motorway which encircles London. The borough contains several large reservoirs, including the Wraysbury Reservoir, Staines Reservoirs and Queen Mary Reservoir, which all supply fresh water to London and surrounding areas.

The neighbouring districts are Elmbridge, Runnymede, Windsor and Maidenhead, Slough, Hillingdon, Hounslow and Richmond upon Thames, the latter three being London boroughs.

Borough of Elmbridge
Elmbridge is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Esher, and other notable towns and villages include Cobham, Walton-on-Thames, Weybridge and Molesey. The borough lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London, but is almost entirely within the M25 motorway which encircles London. Settlements within Elmbridge range from the contiguous suburbs of the Greater London Built-up Area in the borough's northeast (Molesey, Thames Ditton, Long Ditton, Weston Green, and Hinchley Wood) to the exurban towns and villages of the Metropolitan Green Belt beyond, including Walton on Thames, Hersham, Weybridge, Esher, Claygate, Cobham, and Oxshott.

The neighbouring districts are Mole Valley, Guildford, Woking, Runnymede, Spelthorne, Richmond upon Thames and Kingston upon Thames, the latter two being London boroughs.
Biebermühl Railway
The Biebermühl Railway (German: Biebermühlbahn)—sometimes called the Moosalbbahn (Moosalb Railway)—is a 35.9 km long railway line from Kaiserslautern to Pirmasens in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, which was built between 1875 and 1913. The first section between Biebermühle (now Pirmasens Nord station) and Pirmasens connected the city of Pirmasens to the railway network, which could only be achieved via a branch line due to the topography. In 1905, another branch was opened from Biebermühl to Waldfischbach, which was extended in 1913 to Kaiserslautern. It was subsequently used by long-distance services, which operated until 1990. Since then, it has been used only by local services. It is the only one of all the Palatine railway lines that were completed in the 20th century that have never been threatened with closure.

Kaiserslautern–Enkenbach railway
The Kaiserslautern–Enkenbach railway is a single-track main line in the Western Palatinate. It runs within the area of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhene-Neckar transport association, VRN). It was built in 1875 to shorten the route for trains on the Alsenz Valley Railway (Alsenztalbahn) running to Kaiserslautern. In the following years, several express trains ran over this line. Passenger traffic was discontinued in 1987, but it was reactivated ten years later.
Hum Badal Gaye
Hum Badal Gaye is a 2012 animated film from Assam and Northeast India, directed by Ryan Hazarika and produced by Axl Hazarika. It was officially certified and censored by India's Central Board of Film Certification. The world television premiere of the film was held on 1 January 2012.
The storyline focuses on the friendship between a boy and a cat. The story aims to inculcate a more altruistic approach towards animals. It is also in dedication to the unprivileged kids of society who lack the opportunity to experience the essence of such relationships in their lives. Unlike most other animation films of India, the animation style combines 2D and 3D elements.

Axl Hazarika
Axl Hazarika is an Indian avant-garde musician and filmmaker from Guwahati, Assam. He is known for his work in electronica, industrial, and avant-garde music in Northeast India.

Axl Hazarika made his official VEVO debut on June 27th, 2013 with the exclusive release of the music video for his hit Indian song "Hum Badal Gaye." He started an EDM project called Rainbow Trip in late 2015, with the release of a psytrance set, "Trippy Experience," on SoundCloud. This project topped the SoundCloud Trance charts within a month and remained at #1 for twelve consecutive weeks.

In May 2016, as Rainbow Trip, Axl released the first Assamese folk EDM song, "Goru Bihu Song."
Brihonnola
Brihonnola is a 2014 Bangladeshi feature film directed and produced by Murad Parvez based on a short story named "Gaach-ta Bolechilo" (The Tree had Told) by Indian Bengali author Syed Mustafa Siraj. The film stars Ferdous Ahmed, Sohana Saba, Azad Abul Kalam, Jhuna Choudhury, and Intekhab Dinar. Brihonnola is a tale of the goodness inherent in human nature prevailing over religious prejudice and racial dogmatism.

The film was released on 19 September 2014.

Azad Abul Kalam
Azad Abul Kalam (born 26 October 1966) is a Bangladeshi actor, director, writer and activist. He is one of the founders of Prachyanat and Prachyanat School of Acting and Design. He won Meril Prothom Alo Award for Best Playwright (Critics Choice) in 2012, for his television adaptation of Muhammed Zafar Iqbal’s novel, "Sabuj Velvet".
Hunan–Guangxi railway
The Hunan–Guangxi railway or Xianggui railway (simplified Chinese: 湘桂铁路; traditional Chinese: 湘桂鐵路; pinyin: xiāngguì tiělù), is a mostly electrified railroad in southern China that connects Hunan province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.  The shortform name of the line, Xianggui, is named after the Chinese short names of Hunan, Xiang and Guangxi, Gui.  The line runs  1,013 km (629 mi) from Hengyang in Hunan to Friendship Pass on Guangxi's border with Vietnam.  Major cities along route include Hengyang, Yongzhou, Guilin, Liuzhou, Nanning, Pingxiang, and Friendship Pass.

Hengyang
Hengyang (simplified Chinese: 衡阳; traditional Chinese: 衡陽; pinyin: Héngyáng;  Mandarin pronunciation: [xə̌ŋ.jǎŋ]) is the second largest city of Hunan Province, China. It straddles the Xiang River about 160 km (99 mi) south of the provincial capital of Changsha. As of the 2020 Chinese census, Its total population was 6,645,243 inhabitants, of whom 1,290,715 lived in the built-up (or metro) area consisting of 4 urban districts, Nanyue District not being conurbated yet.

Hengyang is home to University of South China, Hengyang Normal University, and Hunan Institute of Technology, three major provincial public universities in the city.
SS Gallois
SS Gallois was a French collier built in 1917 as Tynemouth and later Lord Aberconway. She was one of seven merchant vessels which became stranded and then wrecked on Haisbro Sands off the Norfolk coast on 6 August 1941 during the Second World War as part of Convoy FS 559.

Convoy FS 559
Convoy FS 559, eventually comprising ten merchant ships, was a British convoy in World War II which departed Methil, Scotland on 4 August 1941, then Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for Southend, Essex. The protecting force comprised the destroyers HMS Vimiera and HMS Wolsey, supported by HMT Agate and HMT Arkwright. On the night of 6 August, six merchant ships from the convoy and escort Agate ran aground on the Haisborough Sands. The Cromer lifeboat H.F. Bailey was the first to arrive, and rescued 16 men from the SS Oxshott, 31 from the SS Gallois, 19 from the Deerwood and 22 from Betty Hindley. The Cromer second lifeboat Harriot Dixon and the Great Yarmouth and Gorleston lifeboat Louise Stephens between them rescued a further 31 men.
Lava, West Bengal
Lava (also known as Lava Bazar) is a town in the Kalimpong II CD block in the Kalimpong subdivision of the Kalimpong district in the Indian state of West Bengal. As it lies in the high altitude, it is also visible from high altitude towns and villages of East Sikkim, high areas of Bhutan and also from Pakyong Airport. The climate of the town is usually very cold because of high altitude making it a perfect place for tourists during summer season.

Pedong
Pedong is a town in the Pedong CD block in the Kalimpong subdivision of the Kalimpong district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is very close to Resi-Sikkim border. Pedong lies on the National Highway-717A  connecting Bagrakote to Gangtok via Pakyong Airport.
Game Insight
Game Insight is a Lithuanian video game developer and publisher of free-to-play mobile games and social-network games, headquartered in Vilnius, Lithuania. The company was founded in 2009 in Moscow. Game Insight is known for its free-to-play games for iOS, Android, and Microsoft Store, including title such as Paradise Island, Airport City, The Tribez. Game Insight developed the first hidden object game for Facebook, Mystery Manor. Game Insight's portfolio includes more than 45 free-to-play games, including mobile games for Google Play, App Store, Microsoft Store, Amazon AppStore, and games for social networks, such as Facebook, localized in 10 languages and played in 218 countries of the world. The Company employs more than 500 people worldwide.

Airport City
Airport City is a free-to-play city-building simulation game developed and published by Game Insight. Airport City was first launched on the Facebook social media platform on September 1, 2011.  The game was released for Google Play on February 11, 2012, and for iOS on August 16, 2012, followed by Amazon Appstore on October 26, 2012, and Microsoft Windows on April 3, 2014. The game features mobile cross-platform play, allowing players on any supported device to cooperate and compete with each other.

As of September 2019, Game Insight has reported over 75 million Airport City registered players worldwide across all platforms.