hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darwaz-e Bala District
Darwaz-e Bala, also known as Nusay, is a district in Badakhshan province, Afghanistan. It was created in 2005 from part of Darwaz District.  It is home to approximately  26,173 residents.

This district borders the Shekay, Kuf Ab, and Maimay districts, along with districts in Darvoz, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province, Tajikistan.

The district was historically part of the Darvaz principality, a semi-independent statelet ruled by a mir.

Maimay District
Maimay (Dari: مایمی), also known as Darwaz-e Payeen, or simply Darwaz, is a district in Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan. It was created in 2005 from part of Darwaz District. It is home to approximately 29,893 residents. Maimay borders the Kuf Ab, Raghistan, Shighnnan, and Nusay districts, along with some districts in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province, Tajikistan, including Vanj, Rushon, and Shughnon. The district was historically part of the Darwaz principality, a semi-independent statelet ruled by a mir.
Henson v. Santander Consumer USA Inc.
Henson v. Santander Consumer USA Inc., 582 U.S. 79 (2017), is a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States which held that a company is not a "debt collector" under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) if it purchased that debt and then attempts to collect from the debtor. It was Justice Neil Gorsuch's first written opinion since joining the Court in April 2017.

Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), Pub. L. 95-109; 91 Stat. 874, codified as 15 U.S.C. § 1692 –1692p, approved on September 20, 1977 (and as subsequently amended), is a consumer protection amendment, establishing legal protection from abusive debt collection practices, to the Consumer Credit Protection Act, as Title VIII of that Act. The statute's stated purposes are: to eliminate abusive practices in the collection of consumer debts, to promote fair debt collection, and to provide consumers with an avenue for disputing and obtaining validation of debt information in order to ensure the information's accuracy. The Act creates guidelines under which debt collectors may conduct business, defines rights of consumers involved with debt collectors, and prescribes penalties and remedies for violations of the Act.  It is sometimes used in conjunction with the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
Tommy Carroll (criminal)
Thomas Leonard Carroll (November 28, 1900 – June 7, 1934) was an American bank robber and Depression-era outlaw. A boxer-turned-criminal, he committed numerous robberies during the 1920s and 1930s, and was a longtime member of the Dillinger gang.

Dillinger Gang
The Dillinger Gang was a group of American Depression-era bank robbers led by John Dillinger. The gang gained notoriety for a successful string of bank robberies, using modern tools and tactics, in the Midwestern United States from September 1933 to July 1934. During this crime spree, the gang killed 10 and wounded 7. They managed to pull off three jail breaks which wounded two guards and killed a sheriff.

The increased use of new law enforcement techniques by the newly strengthened Bureau of Investigation (FBI predecessor) led to the dismantling of the gang. Many of its members were killed or imprisoned. Most notably, the BOI killed Dillinger in 1934 when he exited a movie theater.
Grande Torino
The Grande Torino (Italian for 'Great Torino') was the historic Italian football team of Torino Football Club in the 1940s, five-time champions of Italy, whose players were the backbone of the Italy national team and died on 4 May 1949 in the plane crash known as the Superga air disaster.

With this name, although it is commonly used to identify the team that died in the disaster, it defines the entire sports cycle which lasted eight years and led to the conquest of five consecutive championships, equaling the record previously set by Juventus of the Quinquennio d'oro; Grande Torino also won a Coppa Italia.

Valentino Mazzola
Valentino Mazzola (Italian pronunciation: [valenˈtiːno matˈtsɔːla]; 26 January 1919 – 4 May 1949) was an Italian footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or forward.

Considered one of the great number 10s in the history of football and, according to some, the best Italian footballer of all time, Mazzola was the captain and symbol of the "Grande Torino", the team recognised as one of the strongest in the world during the second half of the 1940s, with whom Mazzola won five Serie A championships. He was also captain of the Italy national team for two years.

He became known during his spell at Venezia, where he played as a midfielder, a playing position he held throughout his career that allowed him to expand his fame beyond Italy. In his later seasons, he was considered one of the best players in Europe in his role. He died at the age of 30 in the Superga air disaster.
Pram (boat)
A pram  is a small boat type which is typically less than 8 feet in length. The pram is a utility dinghy with a transom bow rather than a pointed bow. This type of pram provides a more efficient use of space than does a traditional skiff of the same size. The Mirror and Optimist sailboats are examples of this form. Modern prams are often 8 to 10 feet long and built of plywood, fibreglass, plastic or aluminum. They are usually oar powered.

The Norwegian pram is commonly made of solid timber with much fore-and-aft rocker with a U-shaped cross section. In New Zealand and Australia the most common pram is an arc or v bottom rowboat commonly made of 6mm marine plywood often sealed with paint and/or epoxy resin. In the past often used as a tender; it has been replaced in this role by the small inflatable.

There is an unrelated type of ship called "pram" or "pramm".

Dinghy
A dinghy  is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor.  Some are rigged for sailing but they differ from sailing dinghies, which are designed first and foremost for sailing.  A dinghy's main use is for transfers from larger boats, especially when the larger boat cannot dock at a suitably-sized port or marina.

The term "dinghy towing" sometimes is used to refer to the practice of towing a car or other smaller vehicle behind a motorhome, by analogy to towing a dinghy behind a yacht.
Abu Abd Allah al-Burtuqali Muhammad ibn Muhammad
Muhammad al-Burtuqali, (full name Abu Abd Allah al-Burtuqali Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Arabic : أبو عبد الله محمد البرتقالي) succeeded his father Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya to become the second Wattasid Sultan of Morocco in 1504. He died in 1526 and was succeeded by his son Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad.

Muhammad al-Burtuqali earned the nickname of Al-Bortogali after being held as a hostage for seven years by the Portuguese.

Sultan Muhammad al-Burtughali was the sultan that sent Leo Africanus and his uncle on a mission to Timbuktu. This journey gave Leo Africanus material for the Description of Africa.

Wattasid dynasty
The Wattasid dynasty (Arabic: الوطاسيون, al-waṭṭāsīyūn) was a ruling dynasty of Morocco. Like the Marinid dynasty, its rulers were of Zenata Berber descent. The two families were related, and the Marinids recruited many viziers from the Wattasids. These viziers eventually assumed the powers of the Sultans, seizing control of the Marinid dynasty's realm when the last Marinid, Abu Muhammad Abd al-Haqq, who had massacred many of the Wattasids in 1459, was murdered during a popular revolt in Fez in 1465.

Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya was the first Sultan of the Wattasid Dynasty. He controlled only the northern part of Morocco, the south being divided into several principalities. The Wattasids were finally supplanted in 1554, after the Battle of Tadla, by the Saadi dynasty princes of Tagmadert who had ruled all of southern Morocco since 1511.
Vilnius Marathon
The Swedbank Vilnius Marathon is an annual road marathon event, held in Vilnius, Lithuania. The main sponsor of the marathon is Swedbank. Race offers marathon, half marathon, 10k, 5k and children run experience.

The course includes the most beautiful and distinctive places in Vilnius: Vilnius Old Town, Vingis Park, riverbank of Neris, and even forest in Valakampiai. The start and finish line is near the Cathedral Square in the very heart of Vilnius.

The event is organized by the Public Institution "Tarptautinis Maratonas". This institution also organizes other endurance sports events – Trakai triathlon, Vilnius Women Run, and Vilnius Christmas run.

Vilnius Christmas run
Vilnius Christmas run is the oldest Christmas run in Lithuania with the biggest number of participants. Race has distances of 12km, 6km or 3km. Biggest part of the track is in Vilnius Old Town. Children has their own distance of 300 metres Kids run. The sporting event with deep traditions is also considered to be the most fun running event in the country. The participants are running dressed in Christmas-themed, movie heroes or well-known characters costumes.

The event is organized by the Public Institution "Tarptautinis Maratonas". This institution also organizes other endurance sports events  -  "Vilnius Marathon", "Trakai Triathlon", "Vilnius Women Run".
Benefit performance
A benefit performance is a type of live entertainment which is undertaken for a cause. In its original usage, benefit performances were opportunities for an actor to supplement his/her income. In its modern usage, benefit performances are given to raise money for or awareness of a humanitarian cause, or for the immediate benefit of an audience.

Benefit concert
A benefit concert or charity concert is a type of musical benefit performance (e.g., concert, show, or gala) featuring musicians, comedians, or other performers that is held for a charitable purpose, often directed at a specific and immediate humanitarian crisis.

Benefit concerts can have both subjective and concrete objectives. Subjective objectives include raising awareness about an issue such as misery in Africa (such as Live 8) and uplifting a nation after a disaster (such as America: A Tribute to Heroes). Concrete objectives include raising funds (such as Live Aid) and influencing legislation (such as Live 8 or Farm Aid). The two largest benefit concerts of all time, in size, were the Live 8 and the Live Earth events, which both attracted billions of spectators. Scholars theorize that the observed increase on concert size since the Live Aid is happening because organizers strive to make their events as big as the tragedy at hand, thus hoping to gain legitimization that way.
BAIC Group
Beijing Automotive Group Co., Ltd. (BAIC, formerly as Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Shunyi, Beijing. Founded in 1958, it is the sixth largest automobile manufacturer in China, with 1.723 million sales in 2021.

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Arcfox, Beijing, Foton Motor, Ruili Doda,  as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as Beijing-Benz and Beijing-Hyundai. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings, including dedicated EV brands such as Arcfox. Its principal subsidiaries include the passenger car maker BAIC Motor (44.98% share); and truck, van, bus, and agricultural equipment automaker, Foton Motor. A large proportion of sales BAIC's sales is in agricultural, commercial, and military vehicles.

Beijing BJ40
The Beijing BJ40 is a Chinese off-road vehicle produced by BAIC Motor. Originally branded directly as a BAIC product, the vehicle series was rebadged under the Beijing brand after the brand was introduced in 2019. The exterior styling of the first generation of the vehicle  resembles that of the Jeep Wrangler.
Talharpa
The talharpa, also known as a tagelharpa (tail-hair harp), hiiu kannel (originally hiiurootsi (which meant Vormsi island located on the halfway to Hiiumaa) kannel) or stråkharpa (bowed harp), is a two to four stringed bowed lyre from northern Europe. It is questionable whether it was formerly common and widespread in Scandinavia. Historically, it has been played in the Estonian-Swedish areas and in Western Estonia, particularly among Estonian Swedes who came to Estonia around the 10th century from the Swedish part of Finland; they likely brought the instrument with them (later Swedish settlers in Estonia did not know nor use the talharpa.) It is similar to the Finnish jouhikko and the Welsh crwth. Jouhikko, a close relative of talharpa, is still known in Finland.

The name talharpa probably comes from a dialectical form of the word "tagel" – horsehair – from which the strings were made.

Kannel (instrument)
Kannel (pronounced [ˈkɑnːel]) is an Estonian plucked string instrument (chordophone) belonging to the Baltic box zither family known as the Baltic psaltery along with Finnish kantele, Latvian kokles, Lithuanian kanklės, and Russian gusli. The Estonian kannel has a variety of traditional tunings. In Estonia, studying the kannel has made a resurgence after some years of decline.
Cloud County, Kansas
Cloud County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Concordia.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 9,032.  The county was named after William Cloud, an officer in the American Civil War.

Clay County, Kansas
Clay County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Clay Center.  As of the 2020 United States census, the county population was 8,117.  The county was named for Henry Clay, an influential U.S. Senator from Kentucky.
Osaka Junior College of Social Health and Welfare
Osaka Junior College of Social Health and Welfare (大阪健康福祉短期大学, Ōsaka Kenkō Fukushi Tanki Daigaku) is a junior college located in Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is part of the Midori Gakuen network.

The origin of the institute was the Osaka Childcare Laboratory, established in 1979. In 1985, a professional school for childcare was founded. Later, a professional school for care work was established. In 2002, the professional school became a junior college.

Sakai
Sakai (堺市, Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai, sa.kaꜜi.ɕi]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its kofun, keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The kofun in Sakai include the largest grave in the world by area, Daisen Kofun. Once known for swords, Sakai is now famous for the quality of its cutlery. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 819,965, making it the fourteenth most populous city in Japan (excluding Tokyo).
Critical Assessment of Function Annotation
The Critical Assessment of Function Annotation (CAFA) is an ongoing community-driven experiment designed to evaluate computational methods for protein function prediction. Organized as a recurring challenge since 2010, CAFA aims to improve the accuracy, transparency, and benchmarking of algorithms that predict the biological function of proteins, using ontologies such as the Gene Ontology (GO). By fostering open and rigorous assessments, CAFA has become a central benchmark in computational biology and bioinformatics.

CASP
Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP), sometimes called Critical Assessment of Protein Structure Prediction, is a community-wide, worldwide experiment for protein structure prediction taking place every two years since 1994. CASP provides research groups with an opportunity to objectively test their structure prediction methods and delivers an independent assessment of the state of the art in protein structure modeling to the research community and software users. Even though the primary goal of CASP is to help advance the methods of identifying protein three-dimensional structure from its amino acid sequence many view the experiment more as a "world championship" in this field of science. More than 100 research groups from all over the world participate in CASP on a regular basis and it is not uncommon for entire groups to suspend their other research for months while they focus on getting their servers ready for the experiment and on performing the detailed predictions.
ISO 639:i
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with I.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:n
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with N.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
Jingle Island
Jingle Island is an island 3 km (1.5 nmi) long lying 2 km (1 nmi) northeast of Weller Island, in the Pitt Islands of the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. It was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956, and mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 after Alfred Jingle, a strolling actor in Charles Dickens' The Pickwick Papers.

Pitt Islands
The Pitt Islands are a group of small islands lying immediately off the north extremity of Renaud Island, at the north end of the Biscoe Islands. The name "Pitt's Island," after William Pitt the Younger, the British prime minister, was applied by John Biscoe in 1832 to an island which he erroneously charted as lying about 25 miles West North West of these islands. The present application of Pitt Islands is based on the interpretation of the British Graham Land expedition led by the Australian explorer John Rymill, who charted the island group in 1935–36.
Dun & Bradstreet Credibility Corp
Dun & Bradstreet Credibility Corp was a privately held company headquartered in Malibu, California until it was purchased by Dun & Bradstreet in a $320 million deal that closed in May 2015. The company provided assistance with credit and credibility for businesses in the U.S. and Canada. The company was formed in July 2010 when it acquired the North American Credit-on-Self division, also known as the Self Awareness Solutions (SAS) operating unit, of Dun & Bradstreet after raising approximately $200M from Great Hill Partners. Internet entrepreneur Jeff Stibel was the chairman and CEO.

Jeff Stibel
Jeff Stibel is an entrepreneur, having started numerous technology and marketing companies, and a venture capital investor, as co-founder (with Kobe Bryant) of Bryant Stibel.

At age 32, he became one of the youngest public company CEOs in America and opened the NASDAQ stock market on June 15, 2007. He is also an amateur cognitive scientist, a New York Times bestselling author, and a weekly columnist for the USA Today.
Electoral district of Darling Harbour
Darling Harbour was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, in the vicinity of Darling Harbour. It was created in the 1904 re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90. It consisted of the abolished seats of Sydney-Gipps and Sydney-Lang and parts of the abolished seats of Sydney-King and Sydney-Denison. In 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation, it was absorbed into Balmain.

Electoral district of Sydney-Gipps
Sydney-Gipps was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1894 in inner Sydney, replacing part of the former multi-member electorate of West Sydney, and named after Governor George Gipps. It included the Rocks, west of George Street and generally north of Margaret Street. It was abolished in 1904 and absorbed into Darling Harbour.
Sartirana Lomellina
Sartirana Lomellina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 km southwest of Milan and about 40 km west of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,837 and an area of 29.5 km2.

Sartirana Lomellina borders the following municipalities: Bozzole, Breme, Mede, Semiana, Torre Beretti e Castellaro, Valle Lomellina, Valmacca.

Valle Lomellina
Valle Lomellina (pronounced [ˈvalle lomelˈlina]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km southwest of Milan and about 40 km west of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,224 and an area of 27.1 km².

The municipality of Valle Lomellina contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bordignana, Cascina d'Allona, and Cascina dei Risi.

Valle Lomellina borders the following municipalities: Breme, Candia Lomellina, Cozzo, Sartirana Lomellina, Semiana, Velezzo Lomellina, Zeme.
Pioneer movement
A pioneer movement is an organization for children operated by a communist party. Typically children enter into the organization in elementary school and continue until adolescence. The adolescents then typically join the Young Communist League. Prior to the 1990s, there was a wide cooperation between pioneer and similar movements of about 30 countries, coordinated by the international organization, International Committee of Children's and Adolescents' Movements (French: Comité international des mouvements d'enfants et d'adolescents, CIMEA), founded in 1958, with headquarters in Budapest, Hungary.

Lanzin Youth Organization
Lanzin Youth Organization (Burmese: လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ်အဖွဲ့ , lit. 'Programme Youth Organization') was a youth organization in Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (present-day Myanmar) for high school and university students to learn  useful skills and about the socialist politics of the Burma Socialist Programme Party. It consisted of three main branches: Teza Youth (Burmese: တေဇလူငယ် ,lit. 'Glorious Youth'), Shehsaung Youth (Burmese: ရှေ့ဆောင်လူငယ် ,lit. 'Pioneer Youth') and Lanzin Youth (Burmese: လမ်းစဉ်လူငယ် ,lit. 'Programme Youth'). Teza Youth wore blue scarf: 5  and Pioneer Youth wore the red scarf.
1991–92 QMJHL season
The 1991–92 QMJHL season was the 23rd season in the history of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. The league inaugurates the Molson Cup, awarded to the overall "Rookie of the Year," in addition to the existing Michel Bergeron Trophy and Raymond Lagacé Trophy.

The top three scorers in the league, are all linemates from the Saint-Hyacinthe Laser. Centreman Charles Poulin won the QMJHL's Most Valuable Player and CHL Player of the Year. Completing the line were; left winger Patrick Poulin, the league's scoring champion; and right winger Martin Gendron, the league's Most sportsmanlike player and Offensive Player of the Year.
The league went back to the players wearing a half visor.

Twelve teams played 70 games each in the schedule. Verdun Collège Français finished first overall in the regular season, winning their first Jean Rougeau Trophy, and won its first President's Cup, defeating the Trois-Rivières Draveurs in the finals.

Trois-Rivières Draveurs
The Trois-Rivières Draveurs ("Raftmen") were a Canadian junior ice hockey team playing in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). They played home games at the Colisée de Trois-Rivières, in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The team was originally known as the Trois-Rivières Ducs ("Dukes") and were a founding member of the QMJHL in 1969. They were renamed the Draveurs in 1973.