hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Devanagari (Unicode block)
Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, Bodo, Maithili, Sindhi, Nepali, and Sanskrit, among others. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0900..U+0954 were a direct copy of the characters A0-F4 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.

Gujarati (Unicode block)
Gujarati is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Gujarati language. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A81..U+0AD0 were a direct copy of the Gujarati characters A1-F0 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Taharor
Taharor, also known as Tamarod 2, is an Egyptian movement that split from Tamarod. Taharor split from Tamarod because it believes that Tamarod ignores police brutality and excessive force and is too closely aligned with the Egyptian state. The movement coordinated with the Constitution Party and the April 6 Youth Movement to ask Mohamed ElBaradei to run for president in the 2014 presidential election. Taharor sought to collect 50,000 signatures in favor of ElBaradei; twice the required minimum of 25,000 signatures for eligibility to run. The organization was thinking of forming a political party and running in the 2015 parliamentary election.

Tamarod
Tamarod (Arabic: تمرد, romanized: tamarrud, "rebellion") was an Egyptian movement funded by the General Intelligence Service (Mukhabarat) and UAE to overthrow the 1st democratically elected Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi. The nominal aim was to register opposition to and force him to call early presidential elections. The goal was to collect 15 million signatures by 30 June 2013, the one-year anniversary of Morsi's inauguration. On 29 June 2013 the movement claimed to have collected more than 22 million signatures (22,134,460). A counter campaign was launched in support of Morsi's presidency which claimed to have collected 11 million signatures. The movement was planning to become a political party following the 2014 Egyptian presidential election.

The movement helped launch the June 2013 Egyptian protests which was part of the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
Basilica Cathedral of St. Cecilia
The Basilica Cathedral of St. Cecilia (Basilique-Cathédrale Sainte-Cécile in French) is a Roman Catholic minor basilica and a cathedral dedicated to St. Cecilia located in Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec, Canada.  The basilica is under the circumscription of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Valleyfield.  The basilica was decreed on February 9, 1991.

Salaberry-de-Valleyfield
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield (French pronunciation: [salabɛʁi də valefiɫd]) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Regional County Municipality of Beauharnois-Salaberry. The population as of 2021 was 42,410.

The historic downtown is a major touristic centre for the area.

Due to the presence of Lake St. Francis on the St. Lawrence River, St. Francis Bay in downtown, and of numerous rivers and canals all over the town, the city is nicknamed "The Venice of Quebec".
Correvon
Correvon  is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.

Peyres-Possens
Peyres-Possens  is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.
Hokkai School of Commerce
Hokkai School of Commerce (北海商科大学, Hokkai Shōka Daigaku) is a private university in Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It was originally set up in 1977 as the Commerce Faculty of the Kitami campus of Hokkai Gakuen University; it was spun off as a separate university in April 2006, at which point it moved to Sapporo. The school has exchange student agreements with Shandong University and Yantai University in China, Daejeon University in South Korea, and the University of Lethbridge in Canada.

Toyohira-ku, Sapporo
Toyohira-ku (豊平区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. The ward was established in 1972, when the Sapporo Olympics was held in Sapporo. Four other wards in Sapporo are bounded on Toyohira-ku.

As of April 1, 2012, the ward has an estimated population of 214,437, with 109,510 households and a population density of 4,626.47 persons per km2. The total area is 46.35 km2.
Tristramella simonis
Tristramella simonis, the short jaw tristramella, is a vulnerable species of cichlid fish from the Jordan River system, including Lake Tiberias (Kinneret), in Israel and Syria, with introduced populations in the Nahr al-Kabir and Orontes basins in Syria. It prefers waters with little or no movement. Along with other tilapias, T. simonis is commonly caught as a food fish in parts of its range and it is commercially important in Lake Tiberias.

Hula Valley
The Hula Valley (Hebrew: עמק החולה, romanized: ʿEmeq haḤūlā; Arabic: سهل الحولة, romanized: Sahl al-Ḥūlat) is a topographic depression forming a valley and fertile agricultural region in  northern Israel with abundant fresh water that used to be part covered by marshland and Lake Hula. These areas were a breeding ground for mosquitoes carrying malaria and were drained in the 1950s. A small section of the valley was later reflooded in an attempt to revive a nearly extinct ecosystem. It is a major stopover for birds migrating along the Great Rift Valley between Africa, Europe, and Asia, with an estimated 500 million migrating birds now pass through the Hula Valley every year.
Lemberg (Nahe)
The Lemberg is a hill on the river Nahe between the villages of Niederhausen (Nahe), Oberhausen an der Nahe and Feilbingert. At 422 metres, it is the highest hill on the Nahe.

Linguistic researchers believe the derivation of the name Lemberg is Lindberg ("lime hill") and local poets call it the "King of the Nahegau" (König des Nahegaus). The magmatic rock, porphyry, which is found here points to its volcanic origin.

Niederhausen
Niederhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the like-named town. Niederhausen is a state-recognized tourism community (Fremdenverkehrsort) and a winegrowing village.
Dean Blandino
Dean Blandino (born September 13, 1971) is a rules analyst for Fox Sports. He also serves as the head of officiating for the UFL.  He previously served as the NFL's Vice President of Officiating from 2013 to 2017.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Surrey, North Dakota
Surrey is a town in Ward County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 1,357 at the 2020 census.  Official incorporation of Surrey occurred in 1951. The city is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Minot metropolitan area
The Minot Metropolitan statistical Area, as defined by the Census Bureau as comprising all of McHenry, Renville, and Ward Counties in North Dakota, anchored by the city of Minot. As of the 2020 census, the population was 77,546 and was estimated to be 75,938 in 2024.
Virginia Ironside
Virginia Ironside (born 3 February 1944) is a British journalist, agony aunt and author. Born in London, she is the daughter of Christopher Ironside, painter and coin designer,  and Janey Ironside who was the first professor of fashion design at the Royal College of Art. She is the niece of the painter and designer Robin Ironside.

Christopher Ironside
Christopher Ironside OBE, FRBS (11 July 1913 – 13 July 1992) was a British painter and coin designer, particularly known for the reverse sides of the new British coins issued on decimalisation in 1971.
14:9 aspect ratio
14:9 (1.5:1) is a compromise aspect ratio between 4:3 and 16:9. It is used to create an acceptable picture on both 4:3 and 16:9 TV, conceived following audience tests conducted by the BBC. It has been used by most UK, Irish, French, Spanish, Colombian and Australian terrestrial analogue networks, and in the US on Warner Bros. Discovery' HD simulcast channels with programming and advertising originally compiled in 4:3. Note that 14:9 is not a shooting format; 14:9 material is almost always derived from either a 16:9 or 4:3 shot.

16:9 aspect ratio
16:9 or sixteen-nine is an aspect ratio with a width of 16 units and height of 9 units. Once seen as an exotic aspect ratio, since 2009, it has become the most common aspect ratio for televisions and computer monitors, and is also the standard aspect radio for the 1080p, 2160p and 4320p formats. 16:9 is the widescreen standard format and Wide-aspect Clear-vision. Japan's Hi-Vision originally started with a 15:9 ratio but converted when the international standards group introduced the wider ratio 16:9. Many digital video cameras have the capability to record in 16:9. It is the only aspect ratio natively supported by Blu-ray Disc, but Blu-ray producers can also choose to show even a wider ratio such as 2.40:1 within the 16:9 frame adding Letterbox black bars within the image itself.
Boris Godunov
Boris Feodorovich Godunov (/ˈɡɒdənɒf, ˈɡʊdənɒf/; Russian: Борис Фёдорович Годунов, pronounced [bɐˈrʲis ˈfʲɵdərəvʲɪdʑ ɡədʊˈnof]; 12 August [O.S. 2 August] 1552  – 23 April [O.S. 13 April] 1605) was the de facto regent of Russia from 1585 to 1598 and then tsar from 1598 to 1605 following the death of Feodor I, the last of the Rurik dynasty. After the end of Feodor's reign, Russia descended into the Time of Troubles.

Dmitry of Uglich
Dmitry Ivanovich (Russian: Дмитрий Иванович; 29 October [O.S. 19 October] 1582 – 15 May 1591) was the youngest son of Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible. He was the tsarevich (heir apparent) for close to seven years of his half-brother Feodor I's reign (though his legitimacy as an heir could have been contested by the Russian Orthodox Church). After his death, he was impersonated by a number of imposters to the throne, during the Time of Troubles.
St Thomas Aquinas Secondary School, Glasgow
St Thomas Aquinas Secondary School is a Catholic secondary school in Jordanhill, Glasgow. The current head teacher is Orla Ritchie, who took over at the beginning of the 2026 session. The previous head teacher was Claire McInally, who headed the school for 7 years from 2019-2026.

Jordanhill
Jordanhill (Scots: Jordanhull, Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Iòrdain) is an affluent area of the West End of the city of Glasgow, Scotland. The area consists largely of terraced housing dating from the early to mid 20th century, with some detached and semi-detached homes and some modern apartments.

Jordanhill College of Education and then the University of Strathclyde faculty of education were formerly in the area and the associated school has a high reputation.
Mahfuza Khanam
Mahfuza Khanam (14 April 1946 – 12 August 2025) was a Bangladeshi academic and social activist. She was the president of Asiatic Society of Bangladesh from 2018 to 2021. She was awarded Begum Rokeya Padak (2012), Anannya Top Ten Awards (2013) and Ekushey Padak (2021)

Begum Rokeya Padak
The Begum Rokeya Padak, named after Begum Rokeya, is a Bangladeshi national honour conferred on individual women for their exceptional achievement. The award is given by the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs of the Government of Bangladesh. First awarded in 1995, the Rokeya Padak recognises the pioneering contribution of an individual in empowering women and raising women's issues.

Each recipient receives a gold medal weighing 25 grams of 18-karat gold, a certificate of honour, and a cash reward. The cash reward was tk 2,00,000 from May 2017. It was increased to tk 4,00,000 from November 2019.
Marcus Fernaldi Gideon
Marcus Fernaldi Gideon (born 9 March 1991) is an Indonesian former badminton player who was ranked world No. 1 in the men's doubles by the Badminton World Federation alongside Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo. He plays for PB Jaya Raya, and has been a member of the club since June 2018. He and Sukamuljo were recognized as one of the most outstanding players, and awarded as the BWF Best Male Players of the Year for two years in a row after collecting seven Superseries titles in 2017 and eight World Tour titles in 2018, including two back-to-back All England Open titles.

Gideon and Sukamuljo are often referred to as "the Minions" because of their below average height and for their fast and agile playing style, jumping and bouncing just like the Minions in the film Despicable Me. Gillian Clark, a BWF commentator, stated that the fast play shown by Gideon and Sukamuljo have taken the men's doubles game to a new level and makes the matches more exciting to watch.

Liang Weikeng
Liang Weikeng (Chinese: 梁伟铿; pinyin: Liáng Wěikēng; born 30 November 2000) is a Chinese badminton player. He was part of Chinese winning team at the 2023 Sudirman Cup, and at the same year won the men's doubles bronze medal at the BWF World Championships partnered with Wang Chang. Liang and Wang won their first title as a pair in the 2022 Japan Open.

In the junior events, Liang was a member of the Chinese junior squad that won gold medals in the 2018 World Junior Championships in Markham and the Asia Junior Championships in Jakarta.
Smbat VIII Bagratuni
Smbat VIII Bagratuni or Smbat the Confessor (Armenian: Սմբատ Խոստովանող, romanized: Smbat Khostovanogh) was an Armenian noble of the Bagratid (Bagratuni) family and one of the most important princes (nakharar) of Armenia in the mid-9th century as the commander-in-chief (sparapet) of Armenia. Taken prisoner to Samarra, he was pressured to convert to Islam but refused and died there. He was the father of Ashot I of Armenia, founder of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.

Bagratuni dynasty
The Bagratuni or Bagratid dynasty (Armenian: Բագրատունի, Armenian pronunciation: [bagɾatuni]) was an Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the medieval Kingdom of Armenia from c. 885 until 1045. Originating as vassals of the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity, they rose to become the most prominent Armenian noble family during the period of Arab rule in Armenia, eventually establishing their own independent kingdom. Their domain included regions of Armenia such as Shirak, Bagrevand, Kogovit, Syunik, Lori, Vaspurakan, Vanand and Taron. Many historians, such as Cyril Toumanoff, Nicholas Adontz and Ronald Suny, consider them to be the progenitors of the Georgian royal Bagrationi dynasty.
Caesio teres
Caesio teres, the yellow and blueback fusilier, beautiful fusilier, blue and gold fusilier (not to be confused with Caesio caerulaurea) or yellow-tail fusilier, is a species of marine, pelagic ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caesionidae. It occurs in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.

Caesio caerulaurea
Caesio caerulaurea, the blue and gold fusilier (not to be confused with Caesio teres), blue fusilier, gold-band fusilier or scissor-tailed fusilier, is a species of marine fish in the family Caesionidae. It is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area, including the Red Sea.
Vinjeøra
Vinjeøra is a village in Heim Municipality, in the Trøndelag county of Norway. The village lies along the European route E39 highway, in particularly at the end of the Vinjefjorden and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the municipal center of Kyrksæterøra. The village has a population of almost 300 people and is located about 95 km (59 mi) from the city of Trondheim and about 105 km (65 mi) from the city of Kristiansund.

Historically, Vinjeøra was the administrative centre of the old Vinje Municipality, which became a part of Hemne Municipality in 1964 (and then became part of Heim Municipality in 2020).

The Fjordruta hiking trail is operated by KNT, and has a number of hikes that are accessible from Vinjeøra, including Storlisetra, Sollia, and Storfiskhytta. The lake Vasslivatnet is located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) east of Vinjeøra. The mountain Ruten, the highest peak in Hemne, stands southeast of the village. The Vinje Church is located in the village of Vinjeøra.

Vinjefjorden
Vinjefjorden (English: Vinje Fjord) is a fjord in Møre og Romsdal and Trøndelag counties in Norway. It begins at the village of Vinjeøra in Heim Municipality (in Trøndelag county) and flows west through the municipalities of Aure, Tingvoll, and Kristiansund (in Møre og Romsdal county). At its western end, it flows into the Talsjøen and Freifjorden. The Halsafjorden, Skålvik Fjord, and Valsøyfjorden all branch off of the 53-kilometre (33 mi) long Vinjefjorden. The central part of the Vinjefjorden is called the Arasvikfjorden. European route E39 runs along the southern shore of the fjord for most of its length.
Karasburg
Karasburg (Khoekhoe: ǀNomsoros, old name Afrikaans: Kalkfontein, literally "carst spring") is a town in the ǁKaras Region of southern Namibia and the district capital of the Karasburg East electoral constituency. It lies at the heart of the southern Namibian sheep farming industry. Karasburg had a population of 6,621 people in 2023.

Karasburg East
Karasburg East is an electoral constituency in the ǁKaras Region of Namibia. As of 2020 the constituency had 6,553 registered voters.

Karasburg East was created in August 2013 from the eastern part of Karasburg Constituency, following a recommendation of the Fourth Delimitation Commission of Namibia, and in preparation of the 2014 general election. The administrative centre of Karasburg East is the town of Karasburg.
Dubris
Dubris, also known as Portus Dubris and Dubrae, was a port in Roman Britain on the site of present-day Dover, Kent, England.

As the closest point to continental Europe and the site of the estuary of the Dour, the site chosen for Dover was ideal for a cross-channel port.  The Dour is now covered over for much of its course through the town.  In the Roman era, it grew into an important military, mercantile and cross-channel harbour and — with Rutupiae (Richborough Roman fort) — one of the two starting points of the road later known as Watling Street. It was fortified and garrisoned initially by the Classis Britannica, and later by troops based in a Saxon Shore Fort.

Dover Western Heights
The Western Heights of Dover is a series of forts and ditches in Dover, England. They were created in the 18th and 19th centuries to augment the existing defences and protect the key port of Dover from both seaward and landward attack. In the early 20th century, the Dover Western Heights was collectively reputed to be the "strongest and most elaborate" fortification in the country. The Army withdrew from the Heights in 1956–61. They are now a local nature reserve.
People's Square (Shanghai)
People's Square (Chinese: 人民广场) is a large public square in the Huangpu District of Shanghai, China. It is south of Nanjing Road (West) and north of Huaihai Road (East).

People's Square is the site of Shanghai's municipal government headquarters building and the standard reference point for measurement of distance of almost all highways in the Shanghai municipality is set in the north of the square, near the fountain.

Huangpu, Shanghai
Huangpu District (Mandarin pronunciationⓘ) makes up the eastern part of Shanghai's traditional urban core and is today the most central of Shanghai's 16 districts. Huangpu district is the seat of municipal government, includes key attractions such as The Bund and the Old City God Temple, as well as popular shopping districts such as Nanjing Road, Huaihai Road, and Xintiandi. The Huangpu District is one of the most densely populated urban districts in the world.
Big Muddy Creek (Missouri River tributary)
Big Muddy Creek is a tributary of the Missouri River, approximately 191 mi (307 km) long, in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan and the U.S. state of Montana. Its source is in the Big Muddy Badlands of Saskatchewan.

Big Muddy Creek begins in southern Saskatchewan at Big Muddy Lake, east of Big Beaver, Saskatchewan. It flows south through the Big Muddy Badlands and into Sheridan County, Montana, past Redstone. From there, east past Plentywood and then south forming the eastern border of Fort Peck Indian Reservation. It joins the Missouri west of Culbertson.

It was explored in 1805 by the Lewis and Clark Expedition, who called it Martha's River in their journals and noticed on their return voyage in 1806 that it had changed its mouth on the Missouri.

Along with the Milk River and the Poplar River, it is one of three waterways in Canada that drain into the Gulf of Mexico.

Big Muddy Lake
Big Muddy Lake is a shallow salt lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is in the Big Muddy Badlands of the southern part of the province in the RMs of Happy Valley No. 10 and Surprise Valley No. 9. There are no communities, public roads, nor any facilities at the lake. The closest communities are Bengough, Minton, and Big Beaver, while the closest highways are 6 and 18. The Canada–United States border and the state of Montana are 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the lake. The lake and much of the surrounding landscape is protected as an Important Bird Area (IBA) of Canada.
Liouville field theory
In physics, Liouville field theory (or simply Liouville theory) is a two-dimensional conformal field theory whose classical equation of motion is a generalization of Liouville's equation.

Liouville theory is defined for all complex values of the central charge  of its Virasoro symmetry algebra, but it is unitary only if

and its classical limit is

Although it is an interacting theory with a continuous spectrum, Liouville theory has been solved. In particular, its three-point function on the sphere has been determined analytically.

Conformal field theory
A conformal field theory (CFT) is a quantum field theory that is invariant under conformal transformations. In two dimensions, there is an infinite-dimensional algebra of local conformal transformations, and conformal field theories can sometimes be exactly solved or classified.

Conformal field theory has important applications to condensed matter physics, statistical mechanics, quantum statistical mechanics, and  string theory. Statistical and condensed matter systems are indeed often conformally invariant at their thermodynamic or quantum critical points.