hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nigrofomes
Nigrofomes is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1904 with N. melanoporus as the type species. This fungus, first described as Polyporus melanoporus from collections made in Cuba, is common in tropical America. N. nigrivineus, found in Papua New Guinea, was added to the genus in 2013 and N. sinomelanoporus from China was added in 2018.

The genus name combines the Latin word niger ("black") with the name Fomes.

Polyporaceae
The Polyporaceae (/pɔːliːpoʊreɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota.  The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough.  Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth).  Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.
Ludlow Cave
Ludlow Cave (SITS 39HN1) is an archaeological site in the North Cave Hills of rural Harding County, South Dakota, United States. It is regarded as a sacred site by several Native American tribes, who have long created rock art inside. The cave was visited by George Armstrong Custer as part of his 1874 Black Hills Expedition and was named for one of his officers, William Ludlow. Much of the original art has been destroyed by modern graffiti.

W. H. Over Museum
The W. H. Over Museum, in Vermillion, South Dakota is the oldest museum in the state of South Dakota. Established in 1883, its collection contains over 80,000 items relating to the natural and cultural history of South Dakota and the Northern Plains.

The museum is located on the campus of the University of South Dakota but is operated as a private 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, the Friends of the W. H. Over Museum.
Derivative code
Derivative code or Chameleon code is source code which has been derived entirely from one or more other machine readable file formats.  If recursive transcompiling is used in the development process, some code will survive all the way through the pipeline from beginning to end, and then back to the beginning again.

This code is, by definition, derivative code.  The following procedure can be used to easily test if any source code is derivative code or not.

Delete the code in question

Build (or compile) the project

If the build process simply replaces the source code which has been deleted, it is (obviously) code which has been derived from something else and is therefore, by definition, derivative code.

If the build process fails, and a human needs to re-create the deleted code by hand, this is again, by definition, hand code.

The transcompilers and other tools which create derivative code, are usually themselves either in part, or entirely hand code.

Hand coding
In computing, hand coding means editing the underlying representation of a document or a computer program, when tools that allow working on a higher-level representation also exist. Typically, this means editing the source code, or the textual representation of a document or program, instead of using a WYSIWYG editor that always displays an approximation of the final product. It may mean translating the whole or parts of the source code into machine language manually instead of using a compiler or an automatic translator.

Most commonly, it refers to directly writing HTML documents for the web (rather than in a specialized editor), or to writing a program or portion of a program in assembly language (more rarely, raw machine code) rather than in a higher-level language. It can also apply to other markup languages, such as XAML or wikitext.
River Park Historic District
The River Park Historic District encompasses the residential and civic heart of the city of Milford, Connecticut.  Stretching along both sides of the Wepawaug River, the area includes part of Milford's earliest colonial settlement, and a series of parks that resulted from an early 20th-century beautification project.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Milford, Connecticut
Milford is a coastal city in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, between New Haven and Bridgeport. The population was 50,558 at the 2020 United States Census. The city includes the village of Devon and the borough of Woodmont. Milford is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region.
Polarization mixing
In optics, polarization mixing refers to changes in the relative strengths of the Stokes parameters caused by reflection or scattering—see vector radiative transfer—or by changes in the radial orientation of the detector.

Fresnel equations
The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel coefficients) describe the reflection and transmission of light (or electromagnetic radiation in general) when incident on an interface between different optical media. They were deduced by French engineer and physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel (/freɪˈnɛl/) who was the first to understand that light is a transverse wave, when no one realized that the waves were electric and magnetic fields. For the first time, polarization could be understood quantitatively, as Fresnel's equations correctly predicted the differing behaviour of waves of the s and p polarizations incident upon a material interface.
Catholic Church in Norway
The Catholic Church in Norway (Norwegian: Den katolske kirke i Norge) is part of the worldwide Catholic Church. As of May 2014, there were over 151,000 registered Catholics in Norway. It is claimed there are many Catholics who are not registered with their personal identification number and who are not reported by the local church; the full number may be as high as 230,000, 70% of whom were born abroad. That constitutes about 5% of the population, making Norway the most Catholic country in Nordic Europe.

However, in early 2015, the Bishop of Oslo was charged with fraud for reporting to the government as many as 65,000 names of people claimed as members of the church who had not actually signed up. As the government gives a subsidy to religious organizations according to the number of members, the diocese was ordered to repay the government. The government reports for January 2015 that there were 95,655 registered Catholics, down from the 140,109 reported for January 2014.

Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Tromsø
The Territorial Prelature of Tromsø (Latin: Praelatura Territorialis Tromsoeanus) is a Catholic territorial prelature located in the city of Tromsø in Norway. The territory is divided into 7 parishes located in the following sites: Tromsø,
Bodø, Hammerfest, Harstad, Mosjøen, Narvik and Storfjord.
2022–23 Hazfi Cup
The 2022–23 Hazfi Cup was the 36th season of the Iranian football knockout competition.

Persepolis became the  champion of Iranian Hazfi Cup after  defeating Esteghlal in the final. As the champion of this competition, they got the license to participate in the Super Cup and the AFC Champions League next season.

2022–23 Persian Gulf Pro League
The 2022–23 Persian Gulf Pro League (formerly known as Iran Pro League) was the 40th season of Iran's Football League and 22nd as Persian Gulf Pro League since its establishment in 2001. The 2022–23 season started on 11 August 2022 and featured 14 teams from the 2021–22 Persian Gulf Pro League and two new teams promoted from the 2021–22 Azadegan League: Mes Kerman and Malavan. Shahriyar Moghanlou of Sepahan was the top scorer with 13 goals.
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.

Constitution of Estonia
The Constitution of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi põhiseadus) is the fundamental law of the Republic of Estonia and establishes the state order as that of a democratic republic where the supreme power is vested in its citizens. The first Constitution was adopted by the freely elected Estonian Constituent Assembly on 15 June 1920 and came into force on 21 December 1920. Heavily amended on 24 January 1934, following a referendum in 1933, it was in force until the second Constitution was enacted on 1 January 1938.  It remained in force, de facto, until 16 June 1940, when the Soviet Union occupied Estonia and, de jure, until 28 June 1992, when the third and current Constitution of the Republic of Estonia was adopted by referendum.
Piccolo (firecracker)
Piccolo (also sold under the trade names Great Bawang, Piccolo Corsair and numerous others) is a name given to a type of firecracker in the form of a thin small cylindrical stick filled with gunpowder and lit in the same way as a match.

Firecracker
A firecracker (cracker, noise maker, banger) is a small explosive device primarily designed to produce a large amount of noise, especially in the form of a loud bang, usually for celebration or entertainment; any visual effect is incidental to this goal. They have fuses, and are wrapped in a heavy paper casing to contain the explosive compound.  Firecrackers, along with fireworks, originated in China.
San Román (Sariego)
San Román is one of three parishes in Sariego, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Vega, the municipal capital.

It is 6.55 km2 (2.53 sq mi) in size, with a population of 239 (INE 2005). The postal code is 33518.

Sariego
Sariego (Asturian: Sariegu) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Gijón and Villaviciosa, on the east by Villaviciosa, Nava and Cabranes, on the south by Siero and Nava, and on the west by Siero. The source of the Nora River is within the municipality.

The principal holidays are that of Santiago (the weekend before July 25) and San Pedrín de la Cueva (the third Sunday in August).

The principal monuments of Sariego are the churches of Santiago el Mayor, San Román, and Santa María de Narzana, all of which are constructed in a Romanesque style. The Palacio de los Vigil Quiñones, erected in the 16th century, is also notable.
Lepidomma
Lepidomma is an extinct genus of ommatid beetle. The genus was first described in 2019 for the species L. tianae. Lepidomma was synonymised with Clessidromma by Kirejtshuk, 2020. This synonymy was disputed by Li et al. (2021), who maintained Lepidomma as a separate genus from Clessidromma. Three additional species of Lepidomma were described in 2020 and 2022. All four species are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar.

Ommatidae
The Ommatidae are a family of beetles in the suborder Archostemata. The Ommatidae are considered the extant beetle family that has most ancestral characteristics. There are only seven extant species, confined to Australia and South America. However, the geographical distribution was much wider during the Mesozoic spanning across Eurasia and Australia, suggesting that they were widespread on Pangea. So far, over 26 extinct genera containing over 170 species of these beetles have been described. Three extant genera have been assigned to this family: Omma, Tetraphalerus and Beutelius. The family is considered to be a subfamily of Cupedidae by some authors, but have been found to be more closely related to Micromalthidae in molecular phylogenies. A close relationship with Micromalthidae is supported by several morphological characters, including those of the mandibles and male genitalia. Due to their rarity, their ecology is obscure, it is likely that their larvae feed on deadwood.
Azai District, Ōmi
Azai (浅井郡, Azai-gun) was a district located in Ōmi Province/Shiga Prefecture.

The district is equivalent to the former towns of Nishiazai, Kohoku, Torahime, Biwa, Azai (excluding Sumainiwa), and northern Ibuki.

Ōmi Province
Ōmi Province (近江国, Ōmi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [oꜜː.mʲi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō circuit. Its nickname is Gōshū (江州). Under the Engishiki classification system, Ōmi was ranked as one of the 13 "great countries" (大国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the imperial capital Kyoto.

Ōmi bordered on Wakasa and Echizen Provinces to the north, Mino and Ise Provinces to the east, Iga and Yamato Provinces to the south, and Yamashiro and Tanba Provinces to the west. Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake, is located at the center of the province.
Takarazuka, Hyōgo
Takarazuka (宝塚市, Takarazuka-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 221,846 in 96,729 households and a population density of 2,200 persons per km². The total area of the city is 101.80 square kilometres (39.31 sq mi). Known as the "inner parlor" of Kansai, Takarazuka is famous for the Takarazuka Revue, hot springs, and the Takarazuka Tourism Fireworks Display held since 1913. It is also famous as a choice residential area along with Ashiya and Nishinomiya.

Kawanishi, Hyōgo
Kawanishi (川西市, Kawanishi-shi)  is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 September 2022, the city had an estimated population of 155,165 and a population density of 2900 persons per km². The total area of the city is 53.44 square kilometres (20.63 sq mi).
Benny Ramírez
Benjamín Ramírez (January 2, 1932 – December 20, 1995) was a Colombian professional wrestler who competed in North American and Japanese promotions from the 1960s to early 1980s. He wrestled under his ring names The Mummy, Benji Ramírez, Bennie Ramírez, Benny Ramírez, and The Killer.

Gil Hayes
Gilbert Lee Hayes (October 20, 1939 – July 28, 2022) was a Canadian professional wrestler who competed in North American promotions during the 1960s and 1970s including All-Star Wrestling and Stampede Wrestling where he remained a mainstay for the majority of his 17-year career. One of the first Canadian professional wrestlers to compete in Puerto Rico, he also frequently toured Japan with International Wrestling Enterprise during the mid-to-late 1970s.

He was also the first man to simultaneously hold two Canadian wrestling championships, the Stampede North American Heavyweight and International Tag Team Championship, at one time.
Miki Matsubara
Miki Matsubara (松原 みき, Matsubara Miki; 28 November 1959 – 7 October 2004) was a Japanese singer and songwriter. She contributed to the opening and ending theme songs of the anime Gu-Gu Ganmo under the name Suzie Matsubara. Her 1979 debut song "Mayonaka no Door" became a hit, reaching No. 28 on the Oricon chart.

Believing that her cancer diagnosis was the result of the lifestyle she lived during her career, Matsubara retired and severed all connections to the music world in 2000, dying from cervical cancer four years later at the age of 44. Since 2020, "Mayonaka no Door" has become widely known overseas due to its use on TikTok and the resurgence of the city pop genre.

Mariko Kouda
Mariko Kouda (國府田 マリ子, Kōda Mariko; born September 5, 1969 in Miyashiro, Minami Saitama, Saitama Prefecture) is a Japanese actress, voice actress, J-pop singer and radio personality. She graduated from Kasukabe Kyōei High School and went on to major in Communications at Tamagawa University in Machida City, Tokyo, graduating in 1990. Kouda has had at least one song appear on the program Minna no Uta.

She was a member of the J-pop voice acting group, Drops, until they disbanded. They were most well known for singing the ending theme to the anime Doki Doki School Hours although they did perform a couple of concerts one of which was released on DVD.

She works for the talent management firm Aoni Production. Her most notable roles include Okinu from Ghost Sweeper Mikami, Miki Koishikawa from Marmalade Boy and Shaorin from Mamotte Shugogetten.
Allegany County, Maryland
Allegany County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,106. Its county seat is Cumberland. The name Allegany may come from a local Lenape word, welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. A number of counties and a river in the Appalachian region of the U.S. are named Allegany, Allegheny, or Alleghany. Allegany County is part of the Western Maryland region of the state, and is part of the Cumberland metropolitan area.

Shaft, Maryland
Shaft is a census-designated place (CDP) in Allegany County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 235. It is located south of Frostburg, in the Georges Creek Valley. It lies at an elevation of 1,795 feet (547 m).
Illinois Route 121
Illinois Route 121 (IL 121) is a 109.48-mile-long (176.19 km) major state highway in the central part of the U.S. state of Illinois. Although it travels from northwest to southeast, it is marked as a north–south highway. It travels from IL 130 in Greenup (very near U.S. Route 40) to Interstate 55 (I-55) in Lincoln at the interchange of I-55 and IL 10.

Interstate 55 in Illinois
Interstate 55 (I-55) is a major north–south Interstate Highway in the US state of Illinois that connects St. Louis, Missouri, to the Chicago metropolitan area. It enters the state from Missouri near East St. Louis, Illinois, and runs to U.S. Route 41 (US 41, Lake Shore Drive) near Downtown Chicago, where the highway ends, a distance of 294.38 miles (473.76 km). The road also runs through the Illinois cities of Springfield, Bloomington, and Joliet. The section in Cook County is officially named the Stevenson Expressway for  the governor, and in DuPage County it's officially named the Joliet Freeway or the Will Rogers Freeway for the humorist. The section from the south suburbs to the area near Pontiac is officially named the Barack Obama Presidential Expressway after the president, who launched his political career from Illinois.
Diocese of Saldanha Bay
The Diocese of Saldanha Bay is a diocese in the Anglican Church of Southern Africa.

The diocese was founded on 10 December 2005 and is based in the territory of the Diocese of Cape Town. Previously the area was served by a Regional Bishop of Saldanha within the Diocese of Cape Town, one of whom was Justus Marcus.

The Diocese was the first in the Anglican Church of Southern Africa to approve of the blessing of same-sex civil unions.

Justus Marcus
Justus Mauritius Marcus (1955 – 1 December 2003) was a South African Anglican bishop. He was Regional Bishop of Saldanha Bay in the Diocese of Cape Town from 2002 to 2003, having served as Dean of Kimberley and Rector of St Cyprian's Cathedral from 1992 to 2002. He died from cancer, aged 48, on 1 December 2003. Marcus was predeceased by his first wife, Milly (who died in Kimberley in 2000). His second wife and widow is Sarah Rowland Jones, a fellow priest who then fulfilled a research ministry in the Anglican Church of Southern Africa at the behest of two successive Archbishops of Cape Town before returning to Wales in late 2013.
Chernorizets Hrabar
Chernorizets Hrabar (Church Slavonic: Чрьнори́зьць Хра́бръ, Črьnorizьcь Hrabrъ) was a Bulgarian monk, scholar and writer who is credited as the author of On the Letters. He worked at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century.

Preslav Literary School
The Preslav Literary School (Bulgarian: Преславска книжовна школа), also known as the "Pliska Literary School" or "Pliska-Preslav Literary school" was the first literary school in the medieval First Bulgarian Empire. It was established by Boris I in 886 in Bulgaria's capital, Pliska. In 893, Simeon I moved the seat of the school from the First Bulgarian capital Pliska to the new capital, Veliki Preslav. Preslav was captured and burnt by the Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimisces in 972 in the aftermath of Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria.
Multistable perception
Multistable perception (or bistable perception) is a perceptual phenomenon in which an observer experiences an unpredictable sequence of spontaneous subjective changes. While usually associated with visual perception (a form of optical illusion), multistable perception can also be experienced with auditory and olfactory percepts.

Necker cube
The Necker cube is an optical illusion that was first published as a rhomboid in 1832 by Swiss crystallographer Louis Albert Necker. It is a simple wire-frame, two dimensional drawing of a cube with no visual cues as to its orientation, so it can be interpreted to have either the lower-left or the upper-right square as its front side.
Michael DiGregorio
Michael Vincent DiGregorio (born December 12, 1991) is a Filipino-Italian professional basketball player for the Pangasinan Heatwaves of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL). He was drafted 35th overall by the Mahindra Enforcer in the 2015 PBA draft.

Blackwater Bossing
The Blackwater Bossing is a professional basketball team owned by Ever Bilena, Inc. that is playing in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) beginning in the 2014–2015 season. The franchise started as one of the founding teams in the PBA Developmental League. It transferred to the PBA after being accepted as an expansion team. The team is named after Ever Bilena's brand of men's fragrances.
Gulf of İzmit
Gulf of İzmit (Turkish: İzmit körfezi), also referred to as İzmit Bay, is a bay at the easternmost edge of the Sea of Marmara, in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. The gulf takes its name from the city of İzmit. Other cities and towns around the bay are Gebze, Körfez, Gölcük, and Altınova.

In the east–west direction, it extends for a length of about 48 kilometres (30 mi), while in the north–south direction its width varies from 2 to 3 kilometres (1.2 to 1.9 mi) at the narrowest spots to about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) at its widest. The İzmit Bay Bridge is a suspension bridge that bridges the gulf.

The North Anatolian Fault Zone, the most prominent active fault in Turkey and the source of numerous large earthquakes throughout history, passes through the Gulf of İzmit.

Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora, the Marmara Sea or Propontis /prəˈpɒntɪs/ (ancient Greek: Προποντίς /pro.ponˈdis/), is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km2 (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m (4,490 ft).
Exhibition of Eleven (Leningrad, 1972)
The Exhibition of eleven artists (Russian: Выставка произведений одиннадцати ленинградских художников 1972 года) was opened at the end of 1972 in Leningrad on the Okhta district in the new Exhibition Hall of the Union of Artists of the Russian Federation. It became a significant important event in the Soviet fine art of the 1970s-1980s.

Valery Vatenin
Valery Vladimirovich Vatenin (Russian: Вале́рий Влади́мирович Вате́нин; 27 January 1933 – 16 June 1977) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the "left wing" of the Leningrad school of painting.