hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman question
The Roman question (Italian: Questione romana; Latin: Quaestio Romana) was a dispute regarding the temporal power of the popes as rulers of a civil territory in the context of the Italian Risorgimento. It ended with the Lateran Pacts between King Victor Emmanuel III and Prime Minister Benito Mussolini of Italy and Pope Pius XI of the Holy See in 1929.

Capture of Rome
The capture of Rome (Italian: Presa di Roma) occurred on 20 September 1870, as forces of the Kingdom of Italy took control of the city and of the Papal States. After a plebiscite held on 2 October 1870, Rome was officially made capital of Italy on 3 February 1871, completing the unification of Italy (Risorgimento).

The capture of Rome by the Royal Italian Army brought an end to the Papal States, which had existed since the Donation of Pepin in 756, along with the temporal power of the Holy See, and led to the establishment of Rome as the capital of unified Italy. It is widely commemorated in Italy, especially in cathedral cities, by naming streets for the date: Via XX Settembre (spoken form: "Via Venti Settembre").
Eduardo Kingman
Eduardo Kingman Riofrío (February 23, 1913 – November 27, 1997) was an Ecuadorian artist. He is considered one of Ecuador's greatest artists of the 20th century, among the art circles of other master artists such as Oswaldo Guayasamín and Camilo Egas.

Camilo Egas
Camilo Egas (1889-September 18, 1962) was an Ecuadorian master painter and teacher, who was also active in the United States and Europe. Egas was married in Paris 1927 to dancer and artist Margarita Gibbons. Camilo Egas museum in Quito illustrates a self portrait of the artist of 1946 that is on the cover of a pamphlet published by them then used for a book Jan 2003 edition by del Banco central del Ecuador.
Reversible Errors
Reversible Errors, published in 2002 (paperback edition by Picador, 2003) is Scott Turow's sixth novel, and like the others, set in fictional Kindle County. The title is a legal term.

The novel was a New York Times best seller, won the 2003 Chicago Tribune Heartland Prize for Fiction, and was a finalist for the 2002 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Mystery/Thriller.

Scott Turow
Scott Frederick Turow (born April 12, 1949) is an American writer and lawyer. Turow worked as a lawyer for a decade before writing full-time, and has written 13 fiction and three nonfiction books, which have been translated into more than 40 languages and sold more than 30 million copies. Turow’s novels are set primarily among the legal community in the fictional Kindle County. Films have been based on several of his books.
Lajpat Nagar
Lajpat Nagar is a residential and commercial neighborhood in the South East Delhi district of Delhi. It was named in honor of Lala Lajpat Rai. This area is not to be confused with the Lajpat Nagar in Ghaziabad in the NCR region.

In the recent years, Lajpat Nagar has become a preferred residential neighborhood for tourists and certain refugees from various countries, including Afghanistan, who often travel to New Delhi as medical tourists, owing to the presence of affordable quality health care in the capital. It is common to see individuals from different parts of India and Afghanistan in this neighborhood.

Lala Lajpat Rai
Lala Lajpat Rai (Punjabi: ਲਾਲਾ ਲਾਜਪਤ ਰਾਏ; 28 January 1865 - 17 November 1928) was an Indian revolutionary, politician, and author, popularly known as Punjab Kesari (Lion of Punjab). He was one of the three members of the Lal Bal Pal trio. He died of severe trauma injuries sustained in October 1928 during a baton charge by police in Lahore, when he led a peaceful protest march against the all-British Simon Commission.
Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center
Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center, often referred as Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar ICEC, shortly ICEC, (Turkish: İstanbul Lütfi Kırdar Uluslararası Kongre ve Sergi Sarayı), formerly Istanbul Sports and Exhibition Hall (İstanbul Spor ve Sergi Sarayı), is a multi-purpose convention complex located in Harbiye neighborhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey.

Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center as the main building hosts along with its extension building, the "Rumeli Fair and Exhibition Center", important conventions, fairs, concerts, exhibitions as well as  social and cultural events.

Istanbul Congress Center
Istanbul Congress Center (ICC; Turkish: İstanbul Kongre Merkezi) is a convention center located at Harbiye neighborhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. Opened on October 17, 2009, it is owned by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality.

Situated adjacent to Harbiye Muhsin Ertuğrul Stage, it is a multi-level complex, which was built to host the 2009 IMF and World Bank Group Annual Meeting. The building has a foyer at ground level, several meeting halls in different sizes in five underground levels and a car park in the lowest two levels.
Renuka Jeyapalan
Renuka Jeyapalan is a Canadian film director, television director, and screenwriter based in Toronto. She is best known for her award-winning short film Big Girl (2005), which won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film, and her feature film debut Stay the Night (2022), which premiered at South by Southwest. As a television director, she has worked on series including Murdoch Mysteries, Kim's Convenience, Workin' Moms, Ginny and Georgia, Sort Of, and Wayward.

Big Girl (film)
Big Girl is a 2005 Canadian short film, written and directed by Renuka Jeyapalan.

The film depicts a battle of wills between a young girl (Samantha Weinstein) and her mother's new boyfriend (Kris Holden-Ried).

It won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival, and was nominated for a Genie Award for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 27th Genie Awards. Weinstein won an ACTRA Award for Best Actress from the Toronto chapter, becoming the youngest actress ever to win that award.

It screened on CBC Television's Canadian Reflections in 2006.
2006 Cannes Film Festival
The 59th Cannes Film Festival was held from 17 to 28 May 2006. Chinese filmmaker Wong Kar-wai served as jury president for the main competition, becoming the first Chinese person to do so. English filmmaker Ken Loach won the Palme d'Or for the war drama film The Wind That Shakes the Barley.

The official poster for the festival features a still image from the Wong Kar-wai's 2000 film In the Mood for Love, which won the Best Actor award at the 53rd edition.

The festival opening film was The Da Vinci Code directed by Ron Howard. While Transylvania by Tony Gatlif was the closing film.

This edition also marked the first time in three years that no American film, actor, actress, or filmmaker won any awards in Cannes.

Ken Loach
Kenneth Charles Loach (born 17 June 1936) is a retired English filmmaker. His socially critical directing style and socialist views are evident in his film treatment of social issues such as poverty (Poor Cow, 1967), homelessness (Cathy Come Home, 1966), and labour rights (Riff-Raff, 1991, and The Navigators, 2001).

Loach's film Kes (1969) was voted the seventh greatest British film of the 20th century in a poll by the British Film Institute. Two of his films, The Wind That Shakes the Barley (2006) and I, Daniel Blake (2016), received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival, making him one of only ten filmmakers to win the award twice. He also holds the record for the most films screened in the main competition at Cannes with 15.
Antoine Bourges
Antoine Bourges is a French-Canadian filmmaker and screenwriter. He is most noted for his 2012 mid-length docudrama film East Hastings Pharmacy, which was the winner of the Colin Low Award at the 2013 DOXA Documentary Film Festival, and his 2017 narrative feature film Fail to Appear, which was a Vancouver Film Critics Circle nominee for Best Canadian Film at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2017

Fail to Appear
Fail to Appear is a 2017 Canadian independent drama film directed by Antoine Bourges in his feature film directorial debut. The film stars Deragh Campbell as Isolde, a social services caseworker trying to assist Eric (Nathan Roder), a man who is about to face a criminal trial on charges of theft.

The film premiered at the 2017 Vancouver International Film Festival.
Western Comics
Western Comics is a Western comic book series that was published by DC Comics. DC's longest-running Western title, it published 85 issues from 1948 to 1961. Western Comics was an anthology series, featuring such characters as the wandering cowboy the Wyoming Kid, the Native American lawman Pow Wow Smith, the Cowboy Marshal, Jim Sawyer, showman Rodeo Rick, and Matt Savage, Trail Boss. The masked Vigilante Greg Saunders appeared in the first four issues of the title, but was soon replaced by itinerant fix-it man Nighthawk.

Notable contributors included writers Don Cameron, Gardner Fox, and France Herron; and artists Carmine Infantino, Gil Kane, Howard Sherman, and Leonard Starr.

Gil Kane
Gil Kane (/ɡɪl keɪn/; born Eli Katz /kæts/, Latvian: Elija Kacs; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American comics artist whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.

Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the superheroes Green Lantern and the Atom for DC Comics, and co-created Iron Fist  and Adam Warlock with Roy Thomas for Marvel Comics. He was involved in the anti-drug storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man #96–98, which, at the behest of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, bucked the then-prevalent Comics Code Authority to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early graphic novel prototype, His Name Is... Savage, in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, Blackmark, in 1971.

In 1997, he was inducted into both the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame and the Harvey Award Jack Kirby Hall of Fame.
Little Red (album)
Little Red is the second studio album by British singer Katy B. It was released on 7 February 2014 by Rinse, Columbia Records and Sony Music. The album includes the singles "5 AM", "Crying for No Reason" and "Still". The album is her first number 1 on the UK Albums Chart.

5 AM (Katy B song)
"5 AM" is a song by English singer Katy B. It was released on 4 November 2013 as the lead single from her second studio album Little Red (2014). The track was produced by Geeneus. The song reached number fourteen in the UK Singles Chart. On 10 November 2013, Katy appeared on The Xtra Factor to perform the song.
7th Moscow International Film Festival
The 7th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 20 July to 3 August 1971. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Italian film Confessions of a Police Captain directed by Damiano Damiani, the Japanese film Live Today, Die Tomorrow! directed by Kaneto Shindo and the Soviet film The White Bird Marked with Black directed by Yuri Ilyenko.

Live Today, Die Tomorrow!
Live Today, Die Tomorrow! (裸の十九才, Hadaka no jūkyūsai; lit. "Naked nineteen-year-old") is a 1970 Japanese drama film written and directed by Kaneto Shindō. It is based on the true story of spree killer Norio Nagayama.
Provencher Roy
Provencher Roy + Associés Architectes Inc. or Provencher_Roy (French pronunciation: [pʁovɑ̃ʃe ʁwa]) is a Canadian architectural firm founded in Montreal in 1983, by architects Claude Provencher (1949-2022) and Michel Roy.

Claude Provencher
Claude Provencher OAQ, OAA, AAPPQ, ARAC (RCA), FRIAC (Plessisville, June 11, 1949 – May 6, 2022) was a Canadian architect. In 1983, together with Michel Roy he founded the architecture firm Provencher_Roy in Montréal. He is considered one of the pioneers of modern urban architecture.
Saint Dominic
Saint Dominic, OP (Spanish: Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), also known as Dominic de Guzmán (Spanish: [ɡuθˈman]), was a Castilian Catholic priest and the founder of the Dominican Order. He is the patron saint of astronomers and natural scientists, and he and his order are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing the rosary.

Jordan of Saxony
Jordan of Saxony, OP (referred to in Latin as Jordanis, also known as de Alamania; c. 1190 – 1237), was a German Catholic priest and one of the first leaders of the Dominican Order. His feast day is February 13.
Samuel Wilbert Tucker
Samuel Wilbert Tucker (June 18, 1913 – October 19, 1990) was an American lawyer and a cooperating attorney with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).  His civil rights career began as he organized a 1939 sit-in at the then-segregated Alexandria, Virginia public library. A partner in the Richmond, Virginia, firm of Hill, Tucker and Marsh (formerly Hill, Martin and Robinson), Tucker argued and won several civil rights cases before the Supreme Court of the United States, including Green v. County School Board of New Kent County which, according to The Encyclopedia of Civil Rights In America, "did more to advance school integration than any other Supreme Court decision since Brown."

Sit-in
A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. The protestors gather conspicuously in a space or building, refusing to move unless their demands are met. The often clearly visible demonstrations are intended to spread awareness among the public, or disrupt the goings-on of the protested organization. Lunch counter sit-ins were a nonviolent form of protest used to oppose segregation during the 1954–1968 civil rights movement in the United States, and often provoked heckling and violence from those opposed to their message.
Khibiny Mountains
The Khibiny Mountains (Russian: Хиби́ны [xʲɪˈbʲinɨ]; Kildin Sami: Umptek) is one of the two main mountain ranges of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, within the Arctic Circle, located between Imandra and Umbozero lakes. The range is also known as Khibiny Massif, Khibinsky Mountains, Khibinsky Tundras, Khibins or Khibiny. The Khibiny National Park was set up in 2018.

Lake Umbozero
Umbozero Lake (Russian: Умбозеро, named after the adherent Umba River) is located in Murmansk Oblast of Russia, between the Khibiny on the west and Lovozero Tundras on the east. Area is 422 km2, average depth is 15 m, maximum is 115. The lake freezes from the end of October. Its largest island is Sarvanovsky. Three kinds of fish are found in the lake.
Marionette Generation
Marionette Generation (マリオネット ジェネレーション, Marionetto Jenereeshon) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Haruhiko Mikimoto. The manga was serialised in Kadokawa Shoten's Newtype beginning in 1989, and was later collected into five tankōbon volumes which were published between July 1989 and March 1998. The series was licensed in North America by Viz Media, who serialized it in Animerica Extra. The manga is also licensed in France by Panini Comics' Planet Manga imprint.

Viz Media
Viz Media, LLC is an American entertainment company, focused on publishing manga, and distributing and licensing Japanese anime, films, and television series.

The company was founded in 1986 as Viz, LLC. In 2005, Viz and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current Viz Media, which is owned by Japanese publishing conglomerates Shueisha and Shogakukan, as well as Japanese production company Shogakukan-Shueisha Productions (ShoPro). In 2017, Viz Media was the largest publisher of graphic novels in the United States in the bookstore market, with a 23% share of the market.
The Moon (film)
The Moon (Korean: 더 문; RR: Deo mun) is a 2023 South Korean science fiction disaster film written, co-produced and directed by Kim Yong-hwa, starring Sul Kyung-gu, Doh Kyung-soo, and Kim Hee-ae. It follows the dramatic story of South Korea's first crewed lunar exploration mission and isolation in space. The film was released theatrically on August 2, 2023. It is also available for streaming on Viu in selected regions.

Doh Kyung-soo
Doh Kyung-soo (Korean: 도경수; born January 12, 1993), known professionally as D.O. (디오), is a South Korean singer and actor. He is a member of the South Korean boy band Exo. He debuted as a soloist on July 26, 2021, with his first extended play (EP) Empathy. He has since released two more EPs, Expectation (2023) and Blossom (2024), as well as a studio album, Bliss (2025).

As an actor, Doh has starred in various television dramas and movies such as It's Okay, That's Love (2014), My Annoying Brother (2016), Along with the Gods: The Two Worlds (2017), 100 Days My Prince (2018), Swing Kids (2018), Bad Prosecutor (2022), and The Manipulated (2025). In recognition of his acting, he was selected by the Korean Film Council as one of the 200 Korean actors that best represent the present and future of Korea's movie scene.
Emily Tyra
Emily Tyra (born November 9, 1987) is an American actress, singer and dancer.

A native of Minneapolis, Tyra grew up studying dance, music, acting and improvisation. Trained in classical ballet, Tyra began her professional career in 2005 as a dancer with the Boston Ballet. In 2011, she made her Broadway debut as a singer and dancer in Hugh Jackman: Back on Broadway. Recent appearances have included portrayal of Dr. Noa Kean in CBS' Code Black television series and Sasha in the horror-comedy film Harpoon.

Code Black (TV series)
Code Black is an American medical drama television series created by Michael Seitzman that premiered on CBS on September 30, 2015. It takes place in an overcrowded and understaffed emergency room in Los Angeles, California, and is based on a 2013 documentary film by Ryan McGarry. On May 16, 2016, the show was renewed for a 13-episode second season, which premiered on September 28, 2016. On November 14, 2016, CBS added three more episodes, to bring the total to 16.

On May 14, 2017, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on April 25, 2018. On May 24, 2018, CBS canceled the series after three seasons. The series finale aired on July 18, 2018.
Pacific Deterrence Initiative
The Pacific Deterrence Initiative (PDI) is a United States Department of Defense framework established in fiscal year 2021 to enhance deterrence capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region and counter the People's Republic of China's growing military assertiveness. Created through Section 1251 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, PDI functions as a budget display mechanism highlighting targeted investments in military capabilities and infrastructure west of the International Date Line.

PDI represents the largest regional deterrence investment since the Cold War, with congressional authorizations totaling over $40 billion from fiscal years 2021–2024. The initiative was explicitly modeled after the European Deterrence Initiative, which Congress created in 2014 following Russia's invasion of Crimea.

Davidson window
The Davidson window is a strategic concept referring to the timeframe between 2021 and 2027 during which military analysts believe China will develop sufficient capabilities to attempt control of Taiwan. Named after Admiral Philip S. Davidson, the concept has become central to Indo-Pacific defense planning and U.S.-China strategic competition.

The concept gained widespread attention following CIA Director William J. Burns' 2023 statement that, according to U.S. intelligence, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping had instructed the People's Liberation Army to be ready for a Taiwan invasion by 2027.
Kim Seon-ho
Kim Seon-ho (Korean: 김선호, IPA: [kim ˈsʰɘ(ː)nβo̞]; born May 8, 1986) is a South Korean actor. He had his breakthrough role as Han Ji-pyeong from Start-Up (2020) and gained further attention with his role as Hong Du-sik in the romantic comedy Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha (2021). For the latter, he was named Gallup Korea's Television Actor of the Year.

Kim began his acting career as a theater actor in Daehangno in 2009, gaining recognition through his stage performances and earning the nickname "theater idol". He made his television debut in Good Manager (2017) and later that year won two acting awards for his role in Two Cops (2017). In 2023, Kim made his film debut in the action thriller The Childe, winning several Best New Actor awards. In addition to his screen roles, he continues to perform in stage productions.

Start-Up (South Korean TV series)
Start-Up (Korean: 스타트업) is a 2020 South Korean television series starring Bae Suzy, Nam Joo-hyuk, Kim Seon-ho and Kang Han-na. The series revolves around a woman who has dreams of becoming an entrepreneur like Steve Jobs, and her love triangle between a man who is secretly her first love and another man who is pretending to be her first love. It aired on tvN from October 17 to December 6, 2020, every Saturday and Sunday at 21:00 (KST). It is available for streaming on Netflix.
Indian poetry in English
Indian English poetry is the oldest form of Indian English literature. Henry Louis Vivian Derozio is considered the first poet in the lineage of Indian English poetry followed by Rabindranath Tagore, Sri Aurobindo, Sarojini Naidu, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, and Toru Dutt, among others.

Michael Madhusudan Dutt
Michael Madhusudan Dutt (born Sri Madhusudan Dutta;  Maikel Modhushudôn Dôttoⓘ; 25 January 1824 – 29 June 1873) was a Bengali poetry Bangladeshi Bengali poet and playwright. He is considered one of the pioneers of Bengali literature.
Legion (2010 film)
Legion is a 2010 American action horror film directed by Scott Stewart and co-written by Stewart and Peter Schink. The film stars Paul Bettany, Lucas Black, Tyrese Gibson, Adrianne Palicki, Kate Walsh, and Dennis Quaid. Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions Group acquired most of the film's worldwide distribution rights, releasing the film theatrically in North America on January 22, 2010 through Screen Gems. A story of the Second Coming, the film follows a group of people as they attempt to protect an infant savior from angels and the possessed in an apocalypse.

Legion was released to negative critical reception but was a success at the box office, earning over $67 million on a $26 million budget. A television series titled Dominion, set 25 years after the film, premiered on the American cable television network Syfy on June 19, 2014.

Dominion (TV series)
Dominion is an American apocalyptic fantasy television series created by Vaun Wilmott. It is a sequel to the 2010 film Legion, written by Peter Schink and Scott Stewart. In December 2013, Syfy ordered a pilot episode and the series premiered on the cable television network Syfy on June 19, 2014. The show was filmed in Cape Town, South Africa. Stewart served as series executive producer, as well as director of the pilot episode, written by Wilmott. In the series, angels are in combat with mankind, which fights back from a reduced civilization.

It was renewed for a 13-episode second season on September 25, 2014, which premiered on July 9, 2015, and concluded on October 1, 2015. On October 13, 2015, Syfy cancelled Dominion after two seasons.