hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Surface Hub
The Surface Hub is a brand of interactive whiteboard developed and marketed by Microsoft, as part of the Microsoft Surface family. The Surface Hub is a wall-mounted or roller-stand-mounted device with either a 55-inch (140 cm) 1080p or an 84-inch (210 cm) 4K 120 Hz touchscreen with multi-touch and multi-pen capabilities, running the Windows 10 operating system. The devices are targeted for businesses to use while collaborating and videoconferencing.

On May 15, 2018, Microsoft announced that the second-generation Surface Hub 2S would be released in 2019.

Microsoft Surface
Microsoft Surface is a family of touchscreen-based personal computer, tablet, and interactive whiteboard hardware products designed and developed by Microsoft. The majority of them run the Windows operating system and use Intel processors; the earliest models (Surface RT and Surface 2) ran on ARM32, and a select handful of models starting with the Surface Pro X in 2019 run on ARM64.

The Surface line has served as Microsoft's umbrella brand for PCs since it was first introduced in 2012, marking the company's first entry in building its own branded computers. It has since expanded to comprise several generations of hybrid tablets, 2-in-1 detachable notebooks, a convertible desktop all-in-one, an interactive whiteboard, and various accessories, many with unique form factors. Microsoft is also consolidating all other Microsoft hardware products such as PC accessories under the Surface brand as of 2023.
Ofena
Ofena (Abruzzese: Ofenë) is a comune and town in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy. It is located in the natural park known as the "Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park". The comune/village is home to a vast and rich history of a community that has existed for many hundreds of years.

L'Aquila
L'Aquila (/ˈlækwɪlə/ LAK-wil-ə; Italian: [ˈlaːkwila] ⓘ; Neapolitan: [ˈlaːkwiːlə]) is the capital city of the region of Abruzzo in central Italy. With 70,421 inhabitants as of 2025, it is also the second-largest city in the region. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river, it is surrounded by the Apennine Mountains, with the Gran Sasso d'Italia to the north-east.

L'Aquila sits on a hillside in the middle of a narrow valley; the tall snow-capped mountains of the Gran Sasso massif flank the town. A maze of narrow streets, lined with Baroque and Renaissance buildings and churches, open onto elegant piazzas. Home to the University of L'Aquila, it is a lively college town and, as such, has many cultural institutions: a repertory theatre, a symphony orchestra, a fine art academy, a state conservatory and a film institute. There are several ski resorts in the surrounding province (Campo Imperatore, Ovindoli, Pescasseroli, Roccaraso, Scanno).
Cannabis Social Club
A Cannabis Social Club (CSC), sometimes called Cannabis Club, Cannabis Association, or Teapad, is a type of cannabis retail outlet, an industry model for regulated cannabis organised as non-profit cooperatives in which cannabis is cultivated, shared, and enjoyed collectively, usually for the purpose of relaxing or for social communion.

These places differ from standard cannabis dispensaries, or Dutch coffeeshops, in that those are operating in a for-profit basis open to all adults, whereas Cannabis Clubs operate on non-profit grounds and only allow access to registered members. Research suggests that CSCs can have positive outcomes in terms of public health and harm reduction.

Cannabis in Spain
Cannabis and hemp in Spain have a long and rich history. The plant has grown feral on the Iberian peninsula since prehistory and has been intensely cultivated, in particular for its fibres, throughout Spanish and Portuguese history.
NoMa
NoMa (short for "north of Massachusetts Avenue") is a neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located in Ward 6 of the city. The neighborhood encompasses the region north of Massachusetts Avenue located north and east of Union Station. It includes the Sursum Corda, Eckington, and Near Northeast areas, as well as a section known as Swampoodle.

Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C.
Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States, are distinguished by their history, culture, architecture, demographics, and geography. The names of the 131 neighborhoods are unofficially defined by the D.C. Office of Planning. Though the neighborhoods can be defined by the boundaries of wards, historic districts, Advisory Neighborhood Commissions, civic associations, and business improvement districts (BIDs), these boundaries will overlap. The eight wards each elect a member to the Council of the District of Columbia and are redistricted every ten years.

As the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.'s local neighborhood history and culture is often presented as distinct from that of the national government.
Odd Holten
Odd Holten (born 28 August 1940 in Øre) is a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Østfold in 1989, and was re-elected on three occasions. Holten was President of the Lagting 1997–2001. His daughter Line Henriette Holten Hjemdal was elected in 2005.

Holten was a member of the executive committee of Fredrikstad city council from 1975 to 1989. In 1983–1987 he was also a member of Østfold county council.

Line Henriette Holten Hjemdal
Line Henriette Holten Hjemdal (born 18 October 1971 in Sarpsborg) is a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party and former 5th Vice President of the Storting.

Holten Hjemdal was the vice leader of the Youth of the Christian People's Party in 1991–1993, and general secretary of the organization in 1997–2000. During the second cabinet Bondevik, Holten Hjemdal worked as a political advisor in the Ministry of Health and Care Services (2001–2004) and the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (2004–2005)

Holten Hjemdal was a member of Askim city council during the term 2003–2007, and a deputy member of Østfold county council in 1991–1995.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Østfold in 2005. Her father Odd Holten had held the seat from 1989 to 2005.
Power iteration
In mathematics, power iteration (also known as the power method) is an eigenvalue algorithm: given a diagonalizable matrix , the algorithm will produce a number , which is the greatest (in absolute value) eigenvalue of , and a nonzero vector , which is a corresponding eigenvector of , that is, .
The algorithm is also known as the Von Mises iteration.

Power iteration is a very simple algorithm, but it may converge slowly. The most time-consuming operation of the algorithm is the multiplication of matrix  by a vector, so it is effective for a very large sparse matrix with appropriate implementation. The speed of convergence is like  where  is the number of iterations, and  and   are, respectively, the eigenvalue of largest absolute value and an eigenvalue of second-largest absolute value (see a later section). In other words, convergence is exponential with base being the spectral gap.

Arnoldi iteration
In numerical linear algebra, the Arnoldi iteration is an eigenvalue algorithm and an important example of an iterative method.  Arnoldi finds an approximation to the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of general (possibly non-Hermitian) matrices by constructing an orthonormal basis of the Krylov subspace, which makes it particularly useful when dealing with large sparse matrices.

The Arnoldi method belongs to a class of linear algebra algorithms that give a partial result after a small number of iterations, in contrast to so-called direct methods which must complete to give any useful results (see for example, Householder transformation). The partial result in this case being the first few vectors of the basis the algorithm is building.

When applied to Hermitian matrices it reduces to the Lanczos algorithm.  The Arnoldi iteration was invented by W. E. Arnoldi in 1951.
Starmania (musical)
Starmania is a Canadian-French rock opera written in 1976 with music by Michel Berger and book and lyrics by Luc Plamondon.

It debuted in 1978 with a studio recording of the songs, before premiering on stage in 1979.

An English-language studio version was also produced in 1992, with lyrics by Sir Tim Rice. Several stage revivals have been produced in France, Quebec and Germany, each with their distinctive styles.

Several of its songs have passed into mainstream Francophone pop culture, and helped original cast members Daniel Balavoine and Diane Dufresne to rise in popularity in France; it is now considered the most famous rock opera in French history.

Le monde est stone
"Le monde est stone" (transl. "the world is stone") is a song written and produced by Michel Berger and Luc Plamondon for the 1978 Canadian-French musical Starmania. It was originally performed by Fabienne Thibeault and released on the Starmania album in 1978. 
Canadian singer Celine Dion covered "Le monde est stone" for her 1991 album, Dion chante Plamondon. The English-language version with lyrics by Tim Rice, titled "The World Is Stone", was recorded by American singer Cyndi Lauper and released on the Tycoon album in 1992.
Corimelaeninae
Corimelaeninae is a subfamily of shield bugs within the family Thyreocoridae. It has often been treated as a family (e.g.), but the name Thyreocoridae, published in 1843, has nomenclatural priority over Corimelaenidae, published in 1872.

Pentatomoidea
The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera. As hemipterans, they possess a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families (16 extant and 5 extinct). Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs.
American spadefoot toad
The Scaphiopodidae are a family of American spadefoot toads, which are native to North America. The family is small, comprising only eleven different species.

The American spadefoot toads are of typical shape to most fossorial (or burrowing) frogs. They are round, with short legs and protruding eyes. As suggested by their name, these frogs have hard, keratinous protrusions present on their feet, which help them to dig. Like most fossorial frogs, they  dig backwards into the ground. They differ from true toads because they have vertical pupils and no parotoid gland.

The American spadefoot toads are terrestrial when not underground. They are dully colored, usually a grey or dull green or brown, to aid in camouflage in their arid habitats.

Scaphiopus
Scaphiopus is a genus of North American amphibian commonly referred to as the North American spadefoots, southern spadefoots, or eastern spadefoot toads. They differ greatly from true toads (those of the family Bufonidae) by having eyes with vertical pupils, no parotoid gland, and relatively smooth skin. Their most distinctive feature is a spade-like projection on their hind feet, from which their common name is derived. This projection enables spadefoot toads to dig in loose soils with ease. Its scientific name means ‘spade-foot’ as well, from the Ancient Greek skaphís (σκαφίς, ‘spade, shovel’) and pous (πούς, ‘foot, leg’).
Stadler TINA
TINA is a family of three-, five- and seven- section low-floor trams, mostly with suspended articulations and pivoting bogies. The trams are designed and produced by Stadler Rail, with the final assembly in Bussnang, Switzerland. TINA stems from the German term "Total Integrierter Niederflur-Antrieb"; in English "Totally Integrated Low-floor Drive". As of 2025, operators in six cities have order TINA trams.

Low-floor tram
A low-floor tram is a tram that has no steps between one or more entrances and part or all of the passenger cabin. The low-floor design improves the accessibility of the tram for the public, and also may provide larger windows and more airspace.

An accessible platform-level floor in a tram can be achieved either by using a high-floor vehicle serving high-platform tram stops, or with a true low-floor vehicle interfacing with curb level stops.

Currently both types are in use, depending on the station platform infrastructure in existing rail systems. Some systems may make use of former railway alignments where use of existing high platforms is desirable, while others, particularly new systems, may not have the space to site high-level stops in urban centres.
Antoni Radziwiłł
Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł (Polish pronunciation: [anˈtɔɲi ˈxɛnrɨk raˈd͡ʑiviww]; 13 June 1775 – 7 April 1833) was a Polish–Lithuanian and Prussian noble, aristocrat, musician, and politician. Initially a hereditary Duke of Nieśwież and Ołyka, as a scion of the Radziwiłł family he also held the honorific title of a Reichsfürst of the Holy Roman Empire. Between 1815 and 1831 he acted as Duke-Governor (Polish: książę-namiestnik, German: Statthalter) of the Grand Duchy of Posen, an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia created out of Greater Polish lands annexed in the Partitions of Poland.

Reich Chancellery
The Reich Chancellery (German: Reichskanzlei) was the traditional name of the office of the Chancellor of Germany (then called Reichskanzler) in the period of the German Reich from 1878 to 1945. The Chancellery's seat, selected and prepared since 1875, was the former city palace of Adolf Friedrich Count von der Schulenburg (1685–1741) and later Prince Antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833) on Wilhelmstraße in Berlin. Both the palace and a new Reich Chancellery building (completed in early 1939) were seriously damaged during World War II and subsequently demolished.

Today the office of the German chancellor is usually called Kanzleramt (Chancellor's Office), or more formally Bundeskanzleramt (Federal Chancellor's Office). The latter is also the name of the new seat of the Chancellor's Office, completed in 2001.
Harriet Feigenbaum
Harriet Feigenbaum (born 1939) is an American ecofeminist artist and sculptor.  Many of her works are publicly displayed or in collections in New York. Her later work focused on reclamation projects, often of old mining cites, in Pennsylvania. Robert Stackhouse's work has been compared to Feigenbaum's.

Memorial to Victims of the Injustice of the Holocaust
The Memorial to Victims of the Injustice of the Holocaust is a sculpture by Harriet Feigenbaum, on the side of the Appellate Division Courthouse of New York State, at Madison Avenue and 25th Street in Manhattan, New York City.
Owain mab Urien
Owain mab Urien (Middle Welsh Owein) (died c. 595) was the son of Urien, king of Rheged c. 590, and fought with his father against the Angles of Bernicia. The historical figure of Owain became incorporated into the Arthurian cycle of legends where he is also known as Ywain, Yvain, Ewain or Uwain. In his legendary guise he is the main character in Chrétien de Troyes's Yvain, the Knight of the Lion and the Welsh Romance Owain, or the Lady of the Fountain, which corresponds to Chrétien's poem.

Teneu
Teneu (or Thenew (Latin: Theneva), Tannoch, Thaney, Thanea, Denw, etc.) is a legendary Christian saint who was venerated in medieval Glasgow, Scotland. Traditionally she was a sixth-century Brittonic princess of the ancient kingdom of Gododdin (in what became Lothian) and the mother of Saint Mungo, apostle to the Britons of Strathclyde and founder of the city of Glas Ghu (Glasgow). She and her son are regarded as the city's co-patrons, and Glasgow's St Enoch Square allegedly marks the site of a medieval chapel dedicated to her, built on or near her grave ("St. Enoch" is in fact a corruption of "St. Teneu"). She is commemorated annually on 18 July.
Nimpkish Lake Provincial Park
Nimpkish Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park on northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada on Vancouver Island.  The park is  3,949 ha. in area and was established on 1995.  It is 32 km south of Port McNeill and on the southwest side of Nimpkish Lake.  Primary access is by boat launch, though radio-controlled logging roads lead to the edge of the park.  Western Forest Products in Woss, British Columbia should be contacted for road advisories.  The park is in the traditional territory of the Namgis First Nation.

The M/V Nimpkish in the BC Ferries fleet is named after the lake.

Nimpkish Lake
Nimpkish Lake is a lake on in the Northern Vancouver Island region of British Columbia, Canada.  It is the location of Nimpkish Lake Provincial Park and is 32 km south of Port McNeill.  The lake is in the traditional territory of the Namgis First Nation, who are its namesake.  It is part of the drainage basin of the Nimpkish River.
Flap steak
Flap steak, or flap meat (IMPS/NAMP 1185A, UNECE 2203) is a  beef steak cut from the obliquus internus abdominis muscle of the bottom sirloin. It is generally very thin, fibrous and chewy,: 14  but flavorful, and often confused with both skirt steak and hanger steak.

It is very common in France (bavette) and in other countries such as Brazil (fraldinha), Argentina, and Uruguay (pulpon de vacio). The cut is often mistranslated as "flank steak".

Bottom sirloin
The bottom sirloin steak is a steak cut from the back of the animal below top sirloin and above the flank. This cut can also be referred to as sirloin butt and thick flank. The meat is further cut into three different portions called ball tip, tri-tip and flap steak for consumption. Ball tip cuts are used for common steaks in restaurants and are often advertised as sirloin. Tri-tip is found in roasts or used for barbecue since it is common for it to be cooked over long periods of time. Flap portions are found in hamburger meat or can be made into stews or even fajitas since it is too tough to be used in steaks.

When compared to top sirloin, this meat is cheaper but often chewier than its counterpart.
Ajax Wanderers R.U.F.C.
Ajax Wanderers R.U.F.C. are a rugby union club that is based in Ajax, Ontario, Canada.  The Senior men's team currently runs two teams with the top XV squad competing in the Ontario Marshall Provincial division. the 2012 season saw the men win both the 1st division and second division granting them promotion to the Ontario Marshall Premier division for the 2013 season.
The Wanderers also run programme for all age groups and genders. The Following Programs are running for the 2014 season;

Co-ed flag mini rugby under 8, under 10 and under 12 programs.

2 u14 boys teams.

2 u16 boys teams.

2 u18 boys teams.

1 u18 girls team.

2 Senior men's teams

Ajax, Ontario
Ajax (/ˈeɪdʒæks/; 2021 population: 126,666) is a waterfront town in Durham Region in Southern Ontario, Canada, located in the eastern part of the Greater Toronto Area.

The town is named for HMS Ajax, a Royal Navy cruiser that served in the Second World War. It is approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Toronto on the shores of Lake Ontario and is bordered by the City of Pickering to the west and north, and the Town of Whitby to the east.
Dermot Earley Jnr
Dermot Earley Junior (born 7 July 1978) is a Gaelic footballer who played for the Sarsfields Newbridge club and at senior level for the Kildare county team. He is the son of former Roscommon footballer and former Kildare manager Dermot Earley, brother of Kildare footballer David Earley and nephew of Roscommon footballer Paul Earley.

Earley was a regular player for Kildare at midfield position for more than 15 years and his performances won him All Star Awards in 1998 and 2009. He reached the 1998 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final with Kildare, and won Leinster medals in 1998 and again in 2000 after the replay against neighbours Dublin.

He retired from inter-county football in 2013.

In January 2017, Earley was named as the new chief executive of the Gaelic Players Association, replacing Dessie Farrell who stepped down in December 2016.

Involved in the Kildare backroom team of Glenn Ryan from October 2021.

Glenn Ryan
Glenn Ryan (born 20 October 1972) is a Gaelic football manager and former player. He was manager of the Kildare county team between 2021 and 2024.

Ryan previously managed Longford and the Kildare under-21 team.

He captained the Kildare team during its most successful period in recent history, leading the Lilywhites to the 1998 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final and collecting Leinster medals in 1998 and again in 2000. Ryan's contribution was recognised with All Stars Awards in 1997 and 1998 and a place on the Kildare Team of the Millennium.

He played his club football with Round Towers, winning the county title with them three times.
Dorsal venous arch of the foot
The dorsal venous arch of the foot is a superficial vein that connects the small saphenous vein and the great saphenous vein.  Anatomically, it is defined by where the dorsal veins of the first and fifth digit, respectively, meet the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein.

It is usually fairly easy to palpate and visualize (if the patient is barefoot).  It lies superior to the metatarsal bones approximately midway between the ankle joint and metatarsal phalangeal joints.

Great saphenous vein
The great saphenous vein (GSV; /səˈfiːnəs/) or long saphenous vein is a large, subcutaneous, superficial vein of the leg. It is the longest vein in the body, running along the length of the lower limb, returning blood from the foot, leg, and thigh to the deep femoral vein at the femoral triangle.
National Museum of Royal Barges
The National Museum of Royal Barges is a museum in Bangkok, Thailand. It is on the northern rim of Bangkok Noi canal in the Bangkok Noi District.

Royal barges from the Royal Barge Procession are kept at the museum.

The museum was formerly a dry dock for barges and warships under the care of the Bureau of the Royal Household and the Royal Thai Navy. The dock and barges sustained severe bombing damage during World War II, but in 1949 they were restored by the Fine Arts Department as part of the Thai cultural heritage. Repairs were completed and the dock became the National Museum of Royal Barges in 1972.

Bangkok Noi district
Bangkok Noi (Thai: บางกอกน้อย, pronounced [bāːŋ.kɔ̀ːk nɔ́ːj]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Bang Phlat, Phra Nakhon (across Chao Phraya River), Bangkok Yai, Phasi Charoen, and Taling Chan.
Mixed-NOCs at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics
Teams made up of athletes representing different National Olympic Committees (NOCs), called mixed-NOCs teams, participated in the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics. These teams participated in either events composed entirely of mixed-NOCs teams, or in events which saw the participation of mixed-NOCs teams and non-mixed-NOCs teams. When a mixed-NOCs team won a medal, the Olympic flag was raised rather than a national flag; if a mixed-NOCs team won gold, the Olympic anthem would be played instead of national anthems. A total of 6 events with Mixed NOCs were held.

Mexico at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics
Mexico competed at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics in Lausanne, Switzerland from 9 to 22 January 2020. They competed with 7 athletes in 2 sports. Luisa Wilson, who competed on the Yellow team of the Ice hockey – Girls' 3x3 mixed tournament, became the first Mexican to win a medal in any Winter Olympic sports category.
Ali II (Bavandid ruler)
Ali II (Persian: علی) was a ruler of the Bavand dynasty who ruled briefly in 1271. He was the brother and successor of Muhammad. Nothing more is known about him; he died in 1271, and was succeeded by his cousin Yazdagird of Tabaristan.

Bavand dynasty
The Bavand dynasty (Persian: باوندیان) (also spelled Bavend), or simply the Bavandids, was an Iranian dynasty that ruled in parts of Tabaristan (present-day Mazandaran province) in what is now northern Iran from 651 until 1349, alternating between outright independence and submission as vassals to more powerful regional rulers. They ruled for 698 years, which is the second longest dynasty of Iran after the Baduspanids.