hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elio Vittorini
Elio Vittorini (Italian: [ˈɛːljo vittoˈriːni] ⓘ; 23 July 1908 – 12 February 1966) was an Italian writer and novelist. He was a contemporary of Cesare Pavese and an influential voice in the modernist school of novel writing. His best-known work, in English speaking countries, is the anti-fascist novel Conversations in Sicily, for which he was jailed when it was published in 1941. The first U.S. edition of the novel, published in 1949, included an introduction from Ernest Hemingway, whose style influenced Vittorini and that novel in particular.

Vittorini was one of the most prominent writers of Italian Neorealism in literature. His own works of fiction, along with his translations of such American and English writers as William Saroyan, D. H. Lawrence, William Faulkner, and Ernest Hemingway, had a considerable impact on the movement and on Italian post-war literature.

Conversations in Sicily
Conversazione in Sicilia (Italian pronunciation: [koɱversatˈtsjoːne in siˈtʃiːlja]) is a novel by the Italian author Elio Vittorini. It originally appeared in serial form in the literary magazine Letteratura in 1938–1939, and was first published in book form under the title Nome e Lagrime in 1941. The story concerns Silvestro Ferrauto and his return to Sicily after a long absence. Major themes of the work are detachment, poverty, exploitation and marital fidelity and respect.

Conversazione in Sicilia literally translates to English as Conversation in Sicily; English translations have appeared under that title and a variety of other titles, including In Sicily and Conversations in Sicily. The first US edition contains a foreword by Ernest Hemingway, reprinted in several later editions.
Daruchini Dwip
Daruchini Dwip (lit. 'The Cinnamon Island') (Bengali: দারুচিনি দ্বীপ) is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language film. It was released on 31 August 2007 throughout Bangladesh. The film is based on the Bangladeshi novelist and filmmaker Humayun Ahmed’s popular novel of the same name. It was directed by popular actor - director Tauquir Ahmed. Daruchini Dwip stars Riaz, Fazlur Rahman Babu, the award-winning Zakia Bari Momo, Abul Hayat, Asaduzzaman Noor, Dolly Johur, Challenger, Rahmat Ali, Wahida Mollick Jolly and Abdullah al Mamun. The film marks the debut film of Momo, Emon, Bindu, and Munmun.

The film was appreciated by film critics and won the National Film Award of Bangladesh Best Film of the Year 2007 and was nominated in seven categories also won all of them. It also won Best Foreign Language Film at the 2010 Bali International Film Festival Awards in Indonesia.

Dolly Johur
Dolly Johur (born 17 July 1953) is a Bangladeshi film, television and stage actress. She earned Bangladesh National Film Awards –Lifetime Achievement (2021), Best Actress for her role in Shonkhonil Karagar (1992) and the Best Supporting Actress for Ghani (2006). In 2024, she was awarded the Ekushey Padak, the second highest civilian award in the acting category. Starting in the 1980s, she acted in total 161 films (as of August 2025).
Frederick Mills (engineer)
Frederick Mills  (1898 – 22 June 1949) was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Western Australian Government Railways from 1940 until his death in 1949. He was seconded to the federal government during World War II and was known throughout his career for designing a number of the influential steam locomotives for operation in Western Australia, including a number of controversial designs. No fewer than four Royal Commissions were held into various aspects of WAGR operations – including an examination of the safety of the Australian Standard Garratt locomotive and other aspects pertinent to its design and development – during his tenure, all of them into issues against which Mills himself fought unceasingly.

Australian Standard Garratt
The Australian Standard Garratt (ASG) is a Garratt articulated steam locomotive designed and built in Australia during World War II for use on the 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow-gauge railway systems owned by the Australian states of Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia. After the war, ASGs operated in South Australia and at the Fyansford Cement Works railway in Victoria.
Sana Amanat
Sana Amanat is an American comic book editor and an executive of production and development at Marvel Studios,: 23  having formerly been the Director of Content and Character Development at Marvel Comics. She has worked on comics such as Captain Marvel, Hawkeye, Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man, and Ms. Marvel. Amanat is known for co-creating Kamala Khan / Ms. Marvel, the first Muslim-American superhero with a solo Marvel Comics series.

Ms. Marvel
Ms. Marvel is the name of several superheroines appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was originally conceived as a female counterpart to the superhero Mar-Vell / Captain Marvel. Like Captain Marvel, most of the bearers of the Ms. Marvel codename gain their powers through Kree technology or genetics. The first incarnation of Ms. Marvel, Carol Danvers, first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes #13 (March 1968). The second incarnation, Sharon Ventura, debuted in The Thing #27 (September 1985). The third incarnation, Karla Sofen, made her first appearance in Captain America #192 (December 1975). The fourth and current incarnation, Kamala Khan, made her debut in Captain Marvel #14 (August 2013).
Croatian Party of Rights 1861
Croatian Party of Rights 1861 (Croatian: Hrvatska stranka prava 1861 or HSP 1861) is a far-right political party in Croatia.

It was founded in 1995 as a splinter party of the Croatian Party of Rights (HSP, itself founded in 1990) following the removal of Croatian nationalist Dobroslav Paraga from party leadership and Paraga's unsuccessful attempts to contest his removal in court. The "1861" in the party's name refers to the year of the foundation of the historic 19th century Party of Rights, which HSP 1861, along with several other modern day nationalist parties, claim lineage to.

The party considers Franjo Tuđman to be a traitor and a dictator - a rare position among rightists in Croatia.

Croatian Party of Rights
The Croatian Party of Rights (Croatian: Hrvatska stranka prava, abbr. HSP) is an extra-parliamentary nationalist and far-right political party in Croatia. The word "right(s)" in the party's name refers to the legal and moral reasons for the autonomy, independence, and sovereignty of Croatia.
Piccirilli Brothers
The Piccirilli Brothers were an Italian family of renowned marble carvers and sculptors who carved many of the most significant marble sculptures in the United States, including Daniel Chester French’s colossal Abraham Lincoln (1920) in the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C.

Statue of Abraham Lincoln (Lincoln Memorial)
Abraham Lincoln (1920) is a colossal seated figure of the 16th president of the United States, Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), sculpted by Daniel Chester French (1850–1931) and carved by the Piccirilli Brothers. Located in the Lincoln Memorial, constructed between 1914 and 1922 on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., the statue was unveiled in 1922. The work follows in the nation's Beaux Arts and American Renaissance-style architecture traditions.
2008 Washington gubernatorial election
The 2008 gubernatorial election in Washington was held on November 4, 2008. Republican Dino Rossi and incumbent Democratic Governor Christine Gregoire emerged from the August 19 primary. This made the 2008 election a rematch between the candidates from the 2004 election, the closest gubernatorial election in the state's history. In contrast to the recounts and months of legal challenges in their previous contest, Gregoire was the clear winner on November 5 with about 53% of the vote. With a margin of 6.48%, this election was the second-closest race of the 2008 gubernatorial election cycle, behind only the election in North Carolina.

Christine Gregoire
Christine Gregoire (/ˈɡrɛɡwɑːr/; née O'Grady; born March 24, 1947) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 22nd governor of Washington, from 2005 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, she defeated Republican candidate Dino Rossi in 2004 and 2008, the first of which was the closest gubernatorial election in the history of Washington. She was Washington’s second female governor. Gregoire served as chair of the National Governors Association from 2010 to 2011. She also served on the governors' council of the Bipartisan Policy Center.

Gregoire was also the Attorney General of Washington from 1993 until 2005, and is the first and only woman to serve in that role. As of April 2025, she is also the oldest living former Governor of Washington, following the death of Daniel Evans in September of 2024.
Always a Bridesmaid (2019 film)
Always a Bridesmaid is a 2019 American romantic comedy film directed by Trey Haley and written by Yvette Nicole Brown. The film stars Javicia Leslie, Jordan Calloway, Brown, Michelle Mitchenor, Richard Lawson, Brandon Micheal Hall, Telma Hopkins and Affion Crockett.

Michelle Mitchenor
Michelle Mitchenor is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Detective Sonya Bailey on the Fox action comedy-drama series, Lethal Weapon (2016–2019), and as Jayla Wright in the BET+ comedy-drama series, First Wives Club (2021–2022).
Magnetic flux
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.  It is usually denoted Φ or ΦB. The SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (Wb; in derived units, volt–seconds or V⋅s), and the CGS unit is the maxwell. Magnetic flux is usually measured with a fluxmeter, which contains measuring coils, and it calculates the magnetic flux from the change of voltage on the coils.

Surface integral
In mathematics, particularly multivariable calculus, a surface integral  is a generalization of multiple integrals to integration over surfaces. It can be thought of as the double integral analogue of the line integral.  Given a surface, one may integrate over this surface a scalar field (that is, a function of position which returns a scalar as a value), or a vector field (that is, a function which returns a vector as value). If a region R is not flat, then it is called a surface as shown in the illustration.

Surface integrals have applications in physics, particularly in the classical theories of electromagnetism and fluid mechanics.
Generalized vector space model
The Generalized vector space model is a generalization of the vector space model used in information retrieval. Wong et al. presented an analysis of the problems that the pairwise orthogonality assumption of the vector space model (VSM) creates. From here they extended the VSM to the generalized vector space model (GVSM).

Vector space model
Vector space model or term vector model is an algebraic model for representing text documents (or more generally, items) as vectors such that the distance between vectors represents the relevance between the documents. It is used in information filtering, information retrieval, indexing and relevance rankings.  Its first use was in the SMART Information Retrieval System.
Hôtel de Besenval
The Hôtel de Besenval (French pronunciation: [otɛl d(ə) bəzɑ̃val]) is a historic hôtel particulier in Paris, dating largely from the 18th century, with a cour d'honneur and a large English landscape garden, an architectural style commonly known as entre cour et jardin. This refers to a residence located between a front courtyard and a rear garden. The building is listed as a monument historique by decree of 20 October 1928 (the historical parts, reference: PA00088705). It has housed the Embassy of the Swiss Confederation and the residence of the Swiss ambassador to France since 1938. The residence is named after its most famous former owner: Pierre Victor, Baron de Besenval de Brunstatt, usually just referred to as Baron de Besenval (the suffix Brunstatt refers to the former barony).

Hôtel particulier
Hôtel particulier (French: [otɛl paʁtikylje] ⓘ) is the French term for a grand urban mansion, comparable to a British townhouse. Whereas an ordinary maison (house) was built as part of a row, sharing party walls with the houses on either side and directly fronting on a street, an hôtel particulier was often free-standing and, by the 18th century, would always be located entre cour et jardin – between the cour d'honneur (an entrance court) and the garden behind. There are hôtels particuliers in many large cities in France.
Château des ducs de Savoie
The Château des ducs de Savoie, also known as Château de Chambéry, is a fortified castle dating from the 11th century. It is located in the French commune of Chambéry in the Savoie department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

Modified several times since the 13th century, it has retained its administrative vocation ever since. From 1502 to 1578, the castle chapel housed the Holy Shroud. The bell tower now houses the 70-bell “Saint-François de Sales” carillon, the work of the Paccard foundry in Sévrier. A concert is held every first and third Saturday of the month at 11 a.m.

Today, the château houses the Savoie Prefecture, the Savoie Departmental Council, and the Savoie Academy.

Listed as a historic monument: the former Château des Ducs de Savoie was listed by decree on August 10, 1881; the grand salon with its Louis XVI decor was listed by decree on April 20, 1960.

Chambéry
Chambéry (UK: /ˈʃɒ̃bəri/, US: /ˌʃɒ̃beɪˈriː/, French: [ʃɑ̃beʁi]; Arpitan: Chambèri; Italian: Ciamberì) is the prefecture and largest city of the Savoie department in the southeastern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.

The population of the commune of Chambéry was 60,251 as of 2022, while the population of the Chambéry metropolitan area was 263,919. The city is located at the foot of the French Alps between Bauges and Chartreuse mountains, and is a railway and highway crossroads.

It has been the historical capital of the Savoy region since the 13th century, when Amadeus V, Count of Savoy, made the city his seat of power. The annexation of Savoy merged the city to France in 1860. Together with other alpine towns Chambéry engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Chambéry was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2006.
The Human Gamble
The Human Gamble was a 1916 American silent short film directed by Lloyd B. Carleton. The film is based on the story and screen adaptation by Calder Johnstone. The drama stars Dorothy Davenport, Emory Johnson, and a cast of Universal contract players.

The story revolves around a stockbroker Father and his two children. Both work at the father's firm, but the son gets fired for gambling. His sister follows him out the door. They both go to work for a rival firm. Financial adventures ensue, and the daughter ends up saving her father's brokerage house from financial ruin.

Universal released the film on October 8, 1916.

The Unattainable
The Unattainable is a 1916 American black and white silent drama directed by Lloyd B. Carleton.  The film is based on the story by Elwood D. Henning.  The photoplay stars Dorothy Davenport and Emory Johnson.

The film opens by introducing us to Bessie Gale, a regular on the New York nightclub scene. In her circle, she's known as "the unattainable". A wealthy gentleman starts to pursue her. She finds relief from his romantic pursuits by joining a traveling theatrical company. The troupe heads out West. After Bessie misses a train connection, she meets a sheep rancher, and they get married. Then, her husband makes a major discovery which leads to a new series of adventures.

The film was released on September 4, 1916, by Universal
Parkside station
Parkside is a former elevated Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) station on the north side of Metropolitan Avenue on the border of the Rego Park, Forest Hills, and Glendale neighborhoods in Queens, New York City. Opened in 1927, the wooden station was part of the Rockaway Beach Branch and was the northernmost station on the branch before the junction with the Main Line at Rego Park Station and the terminus of the line at Grand Street station in Elmhurst. It also had a connecting spur to the Montauk Branch east towards Richmond Hill station. The station was closed in 1962, twelve years after the LIRR had abandoned the Rockaway portions of the line.

Rego Park station (LIRR)
Rego Park is a former Long Island Rail Road station. It was made of wood, unlike most other stations that were concrete. The station opened in May 1928 with two side platforms outside the two Rockaway Beach Branch tracks that bracketed the four-track Main Line, so only Rockaway trains stopped there. After the Rockaway Trestle fire in 1950, the line was closed station by station. The station closed on June 8, 1962, one day before the Rockaway Beach Branch was abandoned. Nothing remains at the site today.
Wolf's Clothing (play)
Wolf's Clothing is a comedy play by the British writer Kenneth Horne.

It premiered at the New Theatre in Bromley in 1958, and the following year enjoyed a run of 61 performances at the Strand Theatre in London's West End. The cast included Derek Farr, Muriel Pavlow, Ronald Adam, Patrick Cargill, Angela Browne, Elspet Gray and Viola Lyel.

Viola Lyel
Viola Lyel (19 December 1896 – 14 August 1972) was an English actress. In a long stage career she appeared in the West End and on Broadway, for leading directors of the day, including Sir Barry Jackson, and Nigel Playfair. Her roles ranged from Shakespeare and Restoration comedy to melodrama and drawing room comedies.
Maribel Verdú
María Isabel Verdú Rollán (born 2 October 1970), better known as Maribel Verdú (Spanish: [maɾiˈβel βeɾˈðu]), is a Spanish actress. She is the recipient of numerous accolades throughout her career spanning nearly four decades, including two Goya Awards for Best Actress, an Ariel Award for Best Actress, the Gold Medal of the Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain in 2008 and the National Cinematography Award in 2009.

Verdú made her acting debut at thirteen in Captain Sánchez's Crime (1985). Some of her film credits include performances in Lovers (1991), Belle Époque (1992), Lucky Star (1997), Y tu mamá también (2001), Pan's Labyrinth (2006), The Blind Sunflowers (2008), Tetro (2009), Snow White (2012), and Abracadabra (2017). She also appeared as Nora Allen in the DC Extended Universe film The Flash (2023), her second superhero film credit after Superlópez (2018).

Captain Sánchez's Crime
"Captain Sánchez's Crime" (Spanish: "El Crimen del Capitán Sánchez") is a 1985 Spanish drama film, made for television in 16 mm as an episode of the Televisión Española anthology series La huella del crimen. Directed by Vicente Aranda, it starred Fernando Guillén, Victoria Abril and José Cerro. It was based on a real crime which occurred in 1913.
Felicia Tuczek
Felicia Johanna Tuczek (September 1849 – 7 January 1905) was a composer and pianist who is best remembered today for her String Quartet in f minor. Her birthplace is variously given as Bohemia, Berlin, or Vienna; as an adult, she lived in Germany.

Tuczek was born into a musical family. Her grandfather was composer and educator Franz Tuczek (1782 – 1850). Her aunt was the singer Leopoldine Tuczek. Her sister, Clara, also a singer, married composer and conductor Max Bruch.

Felicia Tuczek studied with Clara Schumann, then worked as a concert pianist, composer, and piano teacher. One of her piano students was the German paper manufacturer and cultural benefactor Maria Zanders. Her string quartet was published by Steingraeber Verlag in 1904 and premiered  in Berlin.

Max Bruch
Max Bruch (6 January 1838 – 2 October 1920) was a German Romantic composer, violinist, teacher, and conductor who wrote more than 200 works, including three violin concertos, the first of which has become a staple of the violin repertoire.
Iroquois kinship
Iroquois kinship (also known as bifurcate merging) is a kinship system named after the Haudenosaunee people, also known as the Iroquois, whose kinship system was the first one described to use this particular type of system.  Identified by Lewis Henry Morgan in his 1871 work Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family, the Iroquois system is one of the six major kinship systems (Eskimo, Hawaiian, Iroquois, Crow, Omaha, and Sudanese).

Hawaiian kinship
Hawaiian kinship, also referred to as the generational system, is a kinship terminology system used to define family within languages. Identified by Lewis H. Morgan in his 1871 work Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family, the Hawaiian system is one of the six major kinship systems (Inuit, Hawaiian, Iroquois, Crow, Omaha, and Sudanese).
Victoria Dillard
Victoria Dillard (born September 20, 1967) is an American advocate for Parkinson's disease research. She is also a former television and film actress who is best known for her co-starring roles as Janelle Cooper in the ABC sitcom Spin City, as one of the royal bathers in the 1988 Eddie Murphy romantic comedy Coming to America, and as the wife of Denzel Washington's main character in the 1991 action thriller film Ricochet.

Coming to America
Coming to America is a 1988 American romantic comedy film directed by John Landis, based on a story originally created by Eddie Murphy, written by David Sheffield and Barry W. Blaustein, and starring Murphy (in various roles), Arsenio Hall (also in various roles), James Earl Jones, John Amos, Madge Sinclair, and Shari Headley. It tells the story of Akeem Joffer, the crown prince of the fictional African nation of Zamunda who travels to the United States in the hopes of finding a woman he can marry and will love him for who he is, not for his status or for having been trained to please him. The film was released in the United States on June 29, 1988, and received generally positive reviews from critics. It was also a box-office success, grossing an estimated $288.8–$350 million on a $36 million budget.

In 1989, a pilot for a planned spin-off television series was made, although this was never picked up for a series. A sequel to the film—Coming 2 America—was released on March 4, 2021.
La pequeña señora de Pérez
La pequeña señora de Pérez (Spanish for "Little Mrs. Pérez") is a 1944 Argentine comedy film of the classical era of Argentine cinema, directed by Carlos Hugo Christensen and starring Mirtha Legrand and Juan Carlos Thorry. It tells the story of Julieta Ayala, a 17-year-old girl who drops out of high school to marry young doctor Carlos Pérez, only to soon re-enroll undercover after finding married life boring.

At the 1945 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards, Legrand won the  Silver Condor Award for Best Actress for her performance in the film.

A sequel, titled La señora de Pérez se divorcia, was released in 1945.

Mirtha Legrand
Rosa María Juana Martínez Suárez (born 23 February 1927), known by her stage name Mirtha Legrand (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmiɾta leˈɣɾan]; from the French le grand, "the great"), is an Argentine actress and television presenter. With an 80-year career, Legrand is one of the most recognized entertainment figures in Argentina. Legrand made her leading role debut in Los martes, orquídeas (1941) at only age 14, during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema, with starring roles in the 1940s and 1950s. Legrand appeared in the interview television programme Almorzando con las estrellas (Having Lunch with Stars), which first aired in 1968 on Alejandro Romay's Channel 9. The show was later renamed Almorzando con Mirtha Legrand (Having Lunch with Mirtha Legrand).

She is still active, being the host of her current show, La noche de Mirtha (Mirtha's Night), with the same format as previous editions, making her possibly the most veteran active TV host in the world.