hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salomon Benaioun
Salomon Benaioun (Arabic: سليمان بن حيّون, romanized: Sulaymān bin Ḥayyūn, Hebrew: שלמה בן חיון, romanized: Solomon Ben Hayun; 1867-1921) was a Moroccan Jewish printer and journalist born in Oran in French Algeria, whose family originally hailed from Tetouan. He moved to Tangier at the invitation of Haim Benchimol (1834–1915), an important businessman and collaborator with the French.

He studied printing in Paris. He invested in modern printing equipment, which he sent to Tangier where he established the French Printing House on Qadi Street. He also had a photography studio.

He started the newspapers Kol Israel (1891), Mébasser Tov (1894-1895), and Moghrabi (1904), though these periodicals were short-lived. Benaïoun also founded el Horria / La Liberté (1915-1922), which covered Jewish interests in Morocco in two different editions: one in Judeo-Arabic and one in French.

He also owned Maṭbaʻat Sulaymān bin Ḥayyūn.

Haim Benchimol
Haim Benchimol (1826 or 1834 - 1906) was a Moroccan businessman, newspaper publisher, Jewish community leader and philanthropist in Tangier, Morocco. In 1904 he founded the Benchimol Hospital, at the time one of Tangier's main hospital facilities, which remained in activity until 2002.
Alentejo Region
Alentejo Region (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu] ⓘ) is one of the seven NUTS 2 regions of Portugal. It covers all of the historical Alentejo Province and part of the historical Ribatejo and Estremadura provinces.

The greater region is defined within Portugal by the land bordering the left bank of the river Tagus to the North and extending to the South where it borders the Algarve region. The origin of its name, "além" + "Tejo" combined as Alentejo, literally translates to "Beyond-the-Tagus". However, a large part of the subregion Lezíria do Tejo is located on the right bank of the Tagus. The Alentejo is completely located beyond the left margin of the Tagus River.

Its main cities are Évora, Elvas, Portalegre, Beja, Moura, Serpa, and Sines.

Alentejo
Alentejo (/ˌælənˈteɪʒoʊ/ AL-ən-TAY-zhoh, UK also /-ʒuː/ -⁠zhoo, Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu] ⓘ) is a geographical, historical, and cultural region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond the Tagus" (além do Tejo).

Alentejo includes the regions of Alto Alentejo and Baixo Alentejo. It corresponds to the districts of Beja, Évora, Portalegre, and Alentejo Litoral. Its main cities are Évora, Beja, Sines, Serpa, Estremoz, Elvas, and Portalegre.

It has borders with Beira Baixa in the north, with Spain (Andalucia and Extremadura) in the east, Algarve in the south, and the Atlantic Ocean, Ribatejo, and Estremadura in the west.

Alentejo is a region known for its traditional polyphonic singing groups, similar to those found in Tuscany, Corsica, and elsewhere.
SS De Batavier
SS De Batavier, launched in 1827 was an early steamship which served on the Rotterdam to London line of the Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij (NSM). As such she was in news quite often, but the Batavier also appeared in fiction and non-fiction. The Batavier is the location of a chapter of Thackeray's Vanity Fair.

De Rijn (1825)
De Rijn was an early Dutch, and later Prussian steamboat that plied the Rhine. On 17 October 1825 she was renamed Friedrich Wilhelm. In 1829 she was renamed Prinz Friedrich von Preußen, and in 1831 Prins Frederik.  De Rijn was the fourth German steamboat that provided regular service on the Rhine.
Leroy Moss
Leroy Moss (born March 27, 1951) is a retired Canadian football player who played for the Edmonton Eskimos and BC Lions. He won the Grey Cup with Edmonton in 1975. He played college football at the University of Missouri from 1972 to 1973.

He is the brother of former NFL running back, Eddie Moss.

Eddie Moss
Eddie B. Moss (born September 27, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Washington Redskins. He played college football for the Southeast Missouri State Redhawks and was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the 13th round of the 1972 NFL draft.
Northcliff, Texas
Northcliffe is a former census-designated place (CDP) in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,819 at the 2000 census. The area is now part of the city of Schertz and did not have its population recorded separately at the 2010 census. It is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Guadalupe County, Texas
Guadalupe County (Local /ˌɡwɑːdəˈlʊpiː/, Spanish pronunciation: [gwaðaˈlupe]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 172,706. The county seat is Seguin. The county was founded in 1846 and is named after the Guadalupe River.

Guadalupe County is part of the San Antonio metropolitan statistical area.
Amberg (CDP), Wisconsin
Amberg is an unincorporated census-designated place in Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States, in the town of Amberg. It is located on U.S. Highway 141. As of the 2020 census, its population was 147. The Amberg Historical Society operates the Amberg Historical Museum Complex which consists of the historic town hall that is on the National Register of Historic Places, the community's train depot, a 1900-era house, and the Amberg Museum.

Dave's Falls is located near Amberg.

Amberg is part of the Marinette, WI–MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Marinette County, Wisconsin
Marinette County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,872. Its county seat is Marinette. Marinette County is part of the Marinette, WI–MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Dexter B. Florence Memorial Field
Dexter B. Florence Memorial Field (ICAO: KADF, FAA LID: ADF) (formerly identified as M89 by FAA) is a city-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) south of the central business district of Arkadelphia, a city in Clark County, Arkansas, United States.

This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Arkadelphia, Arkansas
Arkadelphia is a city in Clark County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,380. The city is the county seat of Clark County. It is situated at the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains. Two universities, Henderson State University and Ouachita Baptist University, are located here. Arkadelphia was incorporated in 1857.
Abdülmecid II
Abdülmecid II or Abdul Mejid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد المجید ثانی, romanized: ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i sânî; Turkish: II. Abdülmecid; 29 May 1868 – 23 August 1944), commonly known as Abdülmecid Efendi, was the last Ottoman caliph, the only caliph of the Republic of Turkey, and head of the Osmanoğlu family from 1926 to 1944. Unlike previous caliphs, he used the title Halîfe-i Müslimîn ("Caliph of the Muslims"), instead of Emîrü'l-Mü'minîn ("Commander of the Faithful").

He was also a relatively famous artist and a Turkish aesthete, interested in art, mainly literature, painting, and music, and ways to promote it in Turkey. After the abolition of the Ottoman caliphate, he was succeeded for several months by Hussein bin Ali, the Sharif and Emir of Mecca and King of the Hejaz, who was mostly recognized in the Arab world.

He died in Paris in 1944 and was buried as a caliph in Medina.

Şehsuvar Hanım
Şehsuvar Hanım (Ottoman Turkish: شهسوار خانم; 2 May 1881 – 1945; meaning "intrepid heroine"), called also Şehsuvar Kadın, was the first consort of Abdulmejid II, the last Caliph of the Ottoman Caliphate.
Marie-Pierre Kœnig
Marie Joseph Pierre François Kœnig or Koenig (10 October 1898 – 2 September 1970) was a French general during World War II during which he commanded a Free French Brigade at the Battle of Bir Hakeim in North Africa in 1942. He started a political career after the war and was posthumously elevated to the dignity of Marshal of France in 1984.

Marshal of France
Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration, and one of the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the First French Empire (when the title was Marshal of the Empire, not Marshal of France).

Between the end of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century, six Marshals of France were given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France: Biron, Lesdiguières, Turenne, Villars, Saxe, and Soult.

The distinction of Admiral of France is the equivalent in the French Navy.
Janid: Atrediva
Janid: Atrediva is a Puerto Rican documentary series which chronicles the ups and downs of recording artist Janid's career. The eight-part, half-hour documentary reality series debuted on September 6, 2015, on the MegaTV network.  The series follows Janid and her producer and manager Kaydean after they decide to abandon their record label and pursue success in the music industry independently. It also documents the success of her hit single "Penicilina" and the process behind recording the numerous versions of the song. The show touches on Janid's struggle to stay afloat in the midst of all the challenges and obstacles she faces, her emotional issues, her love of fashion, her love life and living with endometriosis.

Janid
Janid Ortiz, known as Janid, is an American singer, actress and reality TV star. Musically, she lies between Latin pop, contemporary R&B, and electronica genres. Born in New York City and raised in Puerto Rico, she first began to gain recognition in 2014 when she released her Spanish album La Magia under the Sony Music Latin imprint label, Handshake.

In the summer of 2015 she rose to fame when she released the single "Penicilina" under the independent label Kalvo Music, featuring versions in contemporary R&B produced by Kaydean, a Reggaeton remix by DJ Nelson featuring J Alvarez, a Bachata version featuring Optimo, and a Salsa version produced by Angel "Cucco" Peña featuring NG2. "Penicilina" peaked at No. 25 on the Tropical Billboard chart, No. 6 in Puerto Rico and No. 2 in the Dominican Republic.

The popularity gained from "Penicilina" earned Janid her own reality show on Mega TV, Janid: Atrediva. The first episode aired on September 6, 2015.
2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.

Daniel Allain
Daniel Allain is a Canadian politician from New Brunswick. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick at the 2020 general election in the riding of Moncton East and sat in the legislature until 2024. He served as Minister of Local Government and Local Governance Reform until being dropped from the cabinet on June 27, 2023.

On October 18, 2025, Allain announced his candidacy for the 2026 Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick leadership election.
Llantrisant, Anglesey
Llantrisant (Welsh pronunciationⓘ; Welsh for "Parish of the Three Saints") is a hamlet in Anglesey, Wales. It is in the community of Tref Alaw, and was a community itself until 1984.

Its parish church is dedicated to Saints Afran, Ieuan, and Sanan. The parish's former church is now a protected building. Browne Willis and Sabine Baring-Gould considered "Afran" to be a corruption of Afan, a saint of Ceredigion and Brecknockshire. (The 16th-century Peniarth MS 147 concurs, listing the church as dedicated to "Sannan and Afan and Evan".) St Afan was related to the Cuneddan dynasty of Gwynedd and was claimed as an ancestor by a 10th-century Ieuan martyred by Viking raiders.

Tref Alaw
Tref Alaw is a community in Anglesey, north Wales. The community takes in the area west and south west of the Llyn Alaw, a man made reservoir which is also the largest body of water on the island. The community consists of a wide network of dispersed farms, and five settlements. Two small villages, close to each other in the centre of the community area are Llanddeusant and Elim. Llantrisant is a hamlet a mile or so to the south-west of Elim. In the north west is the small village of Llanbabo, and in the far south is the tiny hamlet of Llechgynfarwy (also spelt Llechcynfarwy), of which the principal building is St Cynfarwy's Church. At the 2001 census the community had a population of 606 inhabitants, reducing to 581 at the 2011 census.
Gilles de Souvré, Marquis de Courtanvaux
Gilles de Souvré, Marquis de Courtanvaux, Baron de Lezines (c. 1540 – 1626), marshal of France, belonged to an old family of the Perche.

He accompanied the duke of Anjou to Poland in 1573, and was appointed master of the wardrobe and captain of Vincennes when Anjou became Henri III. He remained in favour, despite the opposition of the queen mother, Catherine de' Medici, fought at Contras, defended Tours against the Leaguers, was named chévalier de Saint Esprit and governor of Touraine (1585), and was one of the first to recognize Henri IV (1589), who subsequently entrusted him with the education of the dauphin. Louis XIII rewarded him with the title of marshal in 1613. He died in Paris in 1626.

Marshal of France
Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration, and one of the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the First French Empire (when the title was Marshal of the Empire, not Marshal of France).

Between the end of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century, six Marshals of France were given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France: Biron, Lesdiguières, Turenne, Villars, Saxe, and Soult.

The distinction of Admiral of France is the equivalent in the French Navy.
Tinéu
Tineo is a concejo (municipality) in the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is situated on a small tributary of the Narcea River. It is the second-largest municipality in Asturias. It is bordered to the north by Valdés, to the south by Cangas del Narcea, to the west by Villayón and Allande, and to the east by Salas, Miranda and Somiedo.

Mining, agriculture and stock-rearing have been the principal industries since the early 20th century.

Somiedo
Somiedo (Asturian: Somiedu) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Belmonte de Miranda, on the east by Teverga, on the west by Tineo and Cangas del Narcea, and on the south by the province of León.

It is the second least densely populated municipality in Asturias.

All of the municipality forms part of Somiedo Natural Park, which has been declared a biosphere reserve by Unesco. Saliencia Lakes are located in Somiedo.
2024 Guadalajara Open Akron
The 2024 Guadalajara Open Akron (also known as the Guadalajara Open Akron presented by Santander for sponsorship reasons) was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It was the 3rd edition of the tournament, a WTA 500 event on the 2024 WTA Tour (downgraded from WTA 1000 status in previous years). It was held at the Panamerican Tennis Center in Zapopan, Guadalajara, Mexico, from 9 to 15 September 2024.

2024 WTA Tour
The 2024 WTA Tour (branded as the 2024 Hologic WTA Tour for sponsorship reasons) was the global elite women's professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2024 tennis season. The 2024 WTA Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Finals), the team events United Cup (combined event with ATP) and the Summer Olympic Games.
Median test
The median test (also Mood’s median-test, Westenberg-Mood median test or Brown-Mood median test) is a special case of Pearson's chi-squared test. It is a nonparametric test that tests the null hypothesis that the medians of the populations from which two or more samples drawn are identical. The data in each sample is assigned to two groups, one consisting of data whose values are higher than the median value in the two groups combined, and the other consisting of data whose values are at the median or below. A Pearson's chi-squared test is then used to determine whether the observed frequencies in each sample differ from expected frequencies derived from a distribution combining the two groups.

Nonparametric statistics
Nonparametric statistics is a type of statistical analysis that makes minimal assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data being studied. Often these models are infinite-dimensional, rather than finite dimensional, as in parametric statistics. Nonparametric statistics can be used for descriptive statistics or statistical inference. Nonparametric tests are often used when the assumptions of parametric tests are evidently violated.
Tullia Minor
Tullia Minor is a semi-legendary figure in Roman history who can be found in the writings of Livy, Cicero, and Dionysius of Halicarnassus. She was the last queen of the Roman Kingdom.

Tullia Minor was the younger daughter of Rome's sixth king, Servius Tullius, who eventually married Lucius Tarquinius. Along with her husband, she arranged the overthrow and murder of her father, securing the throne for her husband. Her actions made her an infamous figure in ancient Roman culture.

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (died 495 BC) was the legendary seventh and final king of Rome, reigning 25 years until the popular uprising that led to the establishment of the Roman Republic. He is commonly known as Tarquin the Proud, from his cognomen Superbus (Latin for "proud, arrogant, lofty").

Ancient accounts of the regal period mingle history and legend. Tarquin was said to have been either the son or grandson of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome, and to have gained the throne through the murders of both his wife and his elder brother, followed by the assassination of his predecessor, Servius Tullius. His reign has been described as a tyranny that justified the abolition of the monarchy.
Aeroport, Oymyakonsky District, Sakha Republic
Aeroport (Russian: Аэропорт) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of four settlements in Borogonsky 2-y Rural Okrug of Oymyakonsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Tomtor, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug, Agayakan and Kuydusun. It is located 572 kilometers (355 mi) from Ust-Nera, the administrative center of the district and 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from Tomtor. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 61.

The Oymyakon Airport, that gives the village its name, was built during the Second World War as part of the ALSIB route for transferring Lend-Lease aircraft from the United States to the Soviet Union. It has an unpaved runway of 1900 metres length. In 1961, a cargo flight from Yakutsk to Oymyakon crashed en route, with no survivors. In the 1990s, Oymyakon had scheduled flights operated by Sakha Avia but these no longer operate. The disused terminal building was still standing as of 2018, however.

Oymyakon
Oymyakon is a rural locality (a selo) in Oymyakonsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located in the Yana-Oymyakon Highlands, along the Indigirka River, 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Tomtor on the Kolyma Highway. Oymyakon is currently the coldest permanently inhabited human settlement on Earth.
Islam-Critical Network
The Islam-Critical Network (Danish: Islamkritisk Netværk) was a network of priests and theologians in the Church of Denmark which stated that Muslims and Christians do not believe in the same God, and rejected interfaith collaboration with imams and mosques. The network consisted of around 120 priests and theologians, including Niels Højlund, Sørine Gotfredsen, Edith Thingstrup and Morten Kvist, as well as the two former bishops Herluf Eriksen and Johannes Johansen. It was founded amid the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy in May 2006, and was initiated by Katrine Winkel Holm and Thomas Reinholdt Rasmussen, who presented the network in an article in Kristeligt Dagblad. At its first public meeting in September 2006, the network agreed to be structured as loosely as possible. The network hosted a website collecting articles published by its members, which was last posted to in 2012.

Katrine Winkel Holm
Katrine Winkel Holm (née Krarup; born 21 March 1970) is a Danish theologian, priest and author. She co-founded the Danish Free Press Society in 2004, of which she became deputy chairman, and later chairman from 2014 until 2018. She has been a member of the board of Danish state broadcaster DR since 2006.
Method of loci
The method of loci is a mnemonic strategy that uses visual imagination and spatial memory to organize and recall information. It involves mentally associating pieces of information with specific locations in a familiar environment, such as rooms in a house or landmarks along a well-known route. The user visualizes these locations in sequence and imagines placing the items to be remembered at each point. Recall is achieved by mentally retracing the path and using the imagined scenes to retrieve the associated information.

This method is also referred as the memory palace, memory journey, journey method or mind palace technique.

Moonwalking with Einstein
Moonwalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything is a nonfiction book by Joshua Foer, first published in 2011. Moonwalking with Einstein debuted at number 3 on the New York Times bestseller list and stayed on the list for 8 weeks.
Duclos-Guyot Bluff
Duclos-Guyot Bluff (Bulgarian: връх Дюкло Гийо, ‘Vrah Duclos-Guyot’ \'vrah dyu-'klo gi-'yo\) is the ice-covered peak rising to 1800 m at the south extremity of Urda Ridge on Clarence Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It has precipitous and partly ice-free south slopes, and surmounts Skaplizo Glacier to the west and Dobrodan Glacier to the northeast.

The peak is named after the French mariner Nicolas Pierre Duclos-Guyot (1722-1794), second in command under Louis Antoine de Bougainville in the first French circumnavigation of the world, who sailed in Antarctic waters on board the Spanish ship León in 1756.

Skaplizo Glacier
Skaplizo Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Скаплизо, romanized: lednik Skaplizo, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik skɐˈplizo]) is 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) long and 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km; 0.92 mi) wide glacier on the west side of Urda Ridge on Clarence Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated south of Giridava Glacier.  It drains the slopes of Mount Irving and Duclos-Guyot Bluff, flows west-northwestwards and enters the Southern Ocean northeast of Chichil Point.

The glacier is named after the Thracian settlement of Skaplizo in Southwestern Bulgaria.