hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Army Group Courland
Army Group Courland (German: Heeresgruppe Kurland) was a German Army Group on the Eastern Front. It was created from remnants of the Army Group North, isolated in the Courland Peninsula by the advancing Soviet Army forces during the 1944 Baltic Offensive of the Second World War. The army group remained isolated in the Courland Pocket until the end of World War II in Europe. All units of the Army Group were ordered to surrender by the capitulated Wehrmacht command on 8 May 1945.

At the time agreed for all German armed forces to end hostilities (see the German Instrument of Surrender, 1945), the Sixteenth and Eighteenth armies of Army Group Courland, commanded by General (of Infantry) Carl Hilpert, ended hostilities at 23:00, on 8 May 1945, surrendering to Leonid Govorov, commander of the Leningrad Front. By the evening of 9 May 1945 189,000 German troops, including 42 officers in the rank of general, in the Courland Pocket had surrendered.

Courland Pocket
The Courland Pocket was a pocket located on the Courland Peninsula in Latvia on the Eastern Front of World War II from 9 October 1944 to 10 May 1945.

Army Group North of the Wehrmacht were surrounded in western Latvia by the Red Army after the Baltic Offensive, when forces of the 1st Baltic Front reached the Baltic Sea near Memel (Klaipėda) after the collapse of Army Group Centre during Operation Bagration. Army Group North retreated to the Courland Pocket and was renamed Army Group Courland on 25 January, holding off six Red Army offensives until the German Instrument of Surrender was signed on 8 May 1945. Army Group Courland were in a communication "blackout" and did not get the official order until 10 May, becoming one of the last German groups to surrender in Europe.
Everybody's Golf
Everybody's Golf, formerly known as Hot Shots Golf in North America, is a series of sports video games published by Sony Interactive Entertainment. The series is known for its humorous take on the game of golf, featuring cartoon-like and anime-like characters, and a realistic engine with precise ball physics.

The first game in the series was released in 1997, and was developed by Camelot Software Planning. Subsequent titles were developed by Clap Hanz, until Everybody's Golf VR in 2019. Two tennis-focused spin-offs, Everybody's Tennis and Everybody's Tennis Portable, were also released. The latest title, Everybody's Golf Hot Shots, was released on 5 September 2025, and it was developed by Hyde.

As of March 2017, the series had sold more than 14 million copies worldwide.

Everybody's Golf (1997 video game)
Everybody's Golf, released in North America as Hot Shots Golf and in Japan as Minna no Golf, is a 1997 golf video game developed by Camelot Software Planning and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It is the first game in the Everybody's Golf series and the only one to be developed by Camelot, who would later develop the Mario Golf series for Nintendo; Clap Hanz would develop later installments starting with Everybody's Golf 2.
PDA (Interpol song)
"PDA" is the debut single by American rock band Interpol. It was released on August 22, 2002 as the first single from their debut studio album, Turn on the Bright Lights. The music video for "PDA" was directed by Christopher Mills. Unlike the two singles that followed; "Obstacle 1" and "Say Hello to the Angels" / "NYC",  "PDA" did not chart.

The song was nominated for a MTV2 award in 2003. The song is one of the oldest songs by Interpol and appeared on many of their early demos and EPs such as the band's first demo tape, the Fukd ID #3  EP, the Precipitate EP and the Interpol EP.

Obstacle 1
"Obstacle 1" is a song by American rock band Interpol. It was released as the second single from their debut studio album, Turn on the Bright Lights, on November 11, 2002. It was eventually remixed by producer Arthur Baker and reissued as a single on September 15, 2003. The music video for "Obstacle 1" was directed by Floria Sigismondi. The song peaked at number 41 on the UK Singles Chart and was critically acclaimed.
Sukkur District
Sukkur District (Sindhi: سکر ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع سکّھر) is a district in Sindh Province in Pakistan. Two districts have been split off from the territory of Sukkur: Shikarpur in 1977 and Ghotki in 1993. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Sukkur District is 1,625,467 (1.6 million).

Sukkur
Sukkur is a city in the Pakistani province of Sindh along the western bank of the Indus River, directly across from the historic city of Rohri. Sukkur is the third largest city in Sindh after Karachi and Hyderabad, and 17th largest city of Pakistan by population. The city was originally founded by the Rai dynasty of Sindh. The modern city was built in the 1840s. New Sukkur was established during the British era alongside the village of Sukkur. Sukkur's hill, along with the hill on the river island of Bukkur, form what is sometimes considered the "Gate of Sindh".
Cain and Abel (South Korean TV series)
Cain and Abel (Korean: 카인과 아벨; RR: Kaingwa Abel) is a 2009 South Korean television series starring So Ji-sub, Shin Hyun-joon, Han Ji-min, and Chae Jung-an. It aired on SBS from February 18 to April 23, 2009 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST) for 20 episodes.

Han Ji-min
Han Ji-min (Korean: 한지민; born November 5, 1982) is a South Korean actress. After minor roles in All In (2003) and Dae Jang Geum (2003–2004), Han had her breakout role in revenge series Resurrection (2005). This was followed by leading roles in period dramas Capital Scandal (2007) and Yi San (2007–2008), contemporary dramas Cain and Abel (2009) and Padam Padam (2011–2012), romantic dramas Rooftop Prince (2012), Familiar Wife (2018) and The Light in Your Eyes (2019), as well as drama film Miss Baek (2018) for which she was named the Best Actress at the 55th Baeksang Arts Awards. Recently, Han starred in an omnibus-format series Our Blues (2022) and Behind Your Touch (2023).
Legal High (Japanese TV series)
Legal High (Japanese: リーガル・ハイ, Hepburn: Rīgaru Hai) is a Japanese television drama series written by Ryōta Kosawa. It was broadcast on Fuji TV from April 2012 to November 2014. The series is a legal drama that follows Kensuke Komikado (Masato Sakai), a shrewd lawyer who has never lost a lawsuit, and Machiko Mayuzumi (Yui Aragaki), an up-and-coming lawyer with a strong sense of justice. Legal High also starred Kotaro Satomi, Junnosuke Taguchi, Eiko Koike, Katsuhisa Namase, Masaki Okada, Haru Kuroki, Ryōko Hirosue, and Masato Yano.

Yui Aragaki
Yui Aragaki (Japanese: 新垣 結衣, Hepburn: Aragaki Yui; born June 11, 1988) is a Japanese actress, model, singer and occasional radio show host. She has been selected several times as the most desired girlfriend and the most desired female celebrity face in Oricon's yearly survey.
Jackie Down the Line
"Jackie Down the Line" is a song by Irish band, Fontaines D.C. The song is the lead single off of their third studio album, Skinty Fia and was released on 12 January 2022.

"Jackie Down the Line" is the band's first song to chart in the United States, reaching number 40 in the Billboard Adult Alternative Airplay.

Skinty Fia
Skinty Fia is the third studio album by Irish rock band Fontaines D.C. It was released on 22 April 2022 via Partisan Records. Like the band's two previous albums – 2019's Dogrel and 2020's A Hero's Death – Skinty Fia was produced by Dan Carey. Its title refers to an old Irish saying that drummer Tom Coll's great-aunt used to say; the phrase "Skinty Fia" translates to "the damnation of the deer". Both the title and the cover art allude to the extinct Irish elk, also known as the "giant deer".

Skinty Fia became the band's first number-one album in both Ireland and the UK. It reached number two in the Netherlands, and also placed in the top 10 of Belgium, France, Germany and Switzerland.

The album garnered the band a win for the Brit Award for International Group at the 2023 Brit Awards and a nomination for Album of the Year at the Choice Music Prize for the year 2022.
College of Music of Cincinnati
The College of Music of Cincinnati, also known as the Cincinnati College of Music, was an American music school in Cincinnati, Ohio. It was established in 1878 by George Ward Nichols with the financial help of Reuben R. Springer. It merged with the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music in 1955, forming the Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music.

Reuben R. Springer
Reuben Runyan Springer (November 16, 1800 – December 10, 1884) was an American businessman and philanthropist in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was a major contributor to the construction of the city's Music Hall, a major musical venue, where a life-size marble statue of him by Preston Powers can be seen.
Steffen Große
Steffen Grosse (born 4 October 1967 in Stralsund) is a German politician from the state of Saxony. Previously representing the Christian Democratic Union and Free Voters, he has been leader of Bündnis Deutschland since 2022.

Bündnis Deutschland
Bündnis Deutschland (BD, lit. 'Alliance Germany') is a minor German political party founded in November 2022. It is led by Steffen Grosse, the former leader of the Free Voters of Saxony and a former Christian Democratic Union (CDU) member. The party describes itself as "politically between" the CDU and the Alternative for Germany (AfD).
Maryland Route 277
Maryland Route 277 (MD 277) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The highway runs 2.51 miles (4.04 km) from Elk Mills east to MD 279 near Elkton in northeastern Cecil County. MD 277 was constructed west of MD 316 in the early 1920s. The highway was planned to be extended in both directions in the late 1940s. However, neither extension occurred until MD 277 was extended east to MD 279 in the mid-1980s.

Cecil County, Maryland
Cecil County is located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. With the eastern part of the county closer to Philadelphia than Baltimore, it is part of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located in Wilmington's Radio Market and Baltimore's Designated Market Area.
Newmont
Newmont Corporation is an American gold mining company based in Denver, Colorado. 
It is the world's largest gold mining corporation. Incorporated in 1921, it holds ownership of gold mines in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Australia, Ghana, Argentina, Peru, and Suriname.  Newmont is also a partial owner of Nevada Gold Mines in Nevada with Barrick Mining being the majority owner and operator. In addition to gold, Newmont mines copper, silver, zinc and lead.

The Newmont Corporation bought Canadian mining company Goldcorp in 2019 for USD $10 billion. In 2023, Newmont acquired Newcrest Mining for USD $16.8 billion.

Newmont is the only gold mining company listed in the S&P 500, and has approximately 31,600 employees globally (this number does not reflect the approximately 5,000 global employees laid off from August through November 2025).

Nevada Gold Mines
Nevada Gold Mines is an American gold mining company that was formed on July 1, 2019, as a joint venture between Barrick Gold (61.5% ownership) and Newmont (38.5% ownership) through the combination of their significant gold mining assets across northern Nevada. The assets in Nevada Gold Mines include 10 underground mines and 12 surface mines as well as related  facilities.

Barrick Gold is the operator of Nevada Gold Mines. In 2023, they started to install 200 MW of Ohio made solar panels. The solar panels were installed and operational by 2024.
Audism
Audism as described by deaf activists is a form of discrimination directed against deaf people, which may include those diagnosed as deaf from birth, or otherwise. Tom L. Humphries coined the term in an unpublished manuscript in 1975, which he later reiterated in his doctoral project in 1977, but it did not start to catch on until Harlan Lane used it in his writing. Humphries originally applied audism to individual attitudes and practices; whereas Lane broadened the term to include oppression of deaf people.

Deafhood
Deafhood is a term coined by Paddy Ladd in his book Understanding Deaf Culture: In Search of Deafhood. While the precise meaning of the word remains deliberately broad—Ladd himself calls Deafhood a "process" rather than something finite and clear—it attempts to convey an affirmative and positive acceptance of being deaf.
Louisa Connolly-Burnham
Louisa Sarah Anne Connolly-Burnham (born 23 June 1992) is an English actress, filmmaker, and musician. She gained prominence through her roles in the CBBC series Wolfblood (2012–2014) and the Nickelodeon series House of Anubis (2013).

She made her directorial debut with the short film The Call Centre (2020). Connolly-Burnham and her partner James New form a music duo called Virens.

House of Anubis
House of Anubis is a mystery television series developed for Nickelodeon based on the Dutch–Belgian television series Het Huis Anubis. The series was created by Hans Bourlon and Gert Verhulst and premiered on Nickelodeon on 1 January 2011 in the United States and on 25 February 2011 in the United Kingdom. The series is the first series from the network to be filmed outside the United States and the first telenovela-format series for the network. The show aired from 1 January 2011 to 17 June 2013.
Noise Floor (Spock's Beard album)
Noise Floor is the thirteenth studio album by American progressive rock band Spock's Beard. It is the band's first full album of original material to feature original drummer Nick D'Virgilio since X in 2010, although this time D'Virgilio is only as a session musician.  D'Virgilio had previously recorded a new song with the band for the compilation album The First Twenty Years and a bonus track for the band's previous album The Oblivion Particle, both released in 2015. Noise Floor was released on 25 May 2018.

Nick D'Virgilio
Nicholas D'Virgilio (born November 12, 1968), often abbreviated and referred to as NDV, is an American musician and singer, best known as a member of the progressive rock band Spock's Beard. He was also one of two drummers chosen to replace Phil Collins in Genesis on the Calling All Stations album. He has performed session work with many artists including Tears for Fears and Mystery, and is an official member of Big Big Train.
WCOS (AM)
WCOS (1400 AM) is a commercial radio station in Columbia, South Carolina.   It carries a sports radio format and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.  The station goes by the name Fox Sports Radio 1400.  Its studios and offices are on Graystone Boulevard in Columbia near Interstate 126.  The transmitter is on Short Street in Columbia, near Millwood Avenue (U.S. Route 76).

WCOS is an affiliate of the Atlanta Braves radio network, with the largest number of stations in Major League Baseball.

WVOC
WVOC (560 AM) – branded News Radio 103.5 & 560 WVOC – is a commercial news/talk radio station licensed to serve Columbia, South Carolina. Owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., the station covers the Columbia metropolitan area. The WVOC studios and transmitter are located in Columbia. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WVOC is simulcast over FM translator W278CY (103.5 FM), and is available online via iHeartRadio.

WVOC's power is 5,000 watts around the clock from a three-tower facility west of Columbia. By day it uses a non-directional signal from a single tower. Its daytime signal provides at least secondary coverage as far north as the Charlotte suburbs, as far west as Spartanburg and Greenwood, and as far south as the Augusta and Charleston suburbs. At night, power is fed to all three towers in a directional pattern to protect other stations on 560 AM. This concentrates WVOC's signal in the central part of the state.
The Boat on the Grass
The Boat on the Grass (French: Le Bateau sur l'herbe) is a 1971 French drama film directed by Gérard Brach and starring Claude Jade, Jean-Pierre Cassel, John McEnery and Valentina Cortese. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alain Coiffier. It was entered into the 1971 Cannes Film Festival.

Jean-Pierre Cassel
Jean-Pierre Cassel (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ pjɛʁ kasɛl]; born Jean-Pierre Crochon; 27 October 1932 – 19 April 2007) was a French actor and dancer. A popular star of French cinema, he was initially known for his comedy film appearances, though he also proved a gifted dramatic actor, and accrued over 200 film and television credits in a career spanning over 50 years.

He worked with many notable directors, including Luis Buñuel, Abel Gance, Jean Renoir, Claude Chabrol, Sidney Lumet, Joseph Losey, Chantal Akerman and Robert Altman. He was nominated for a César Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in La Cérémonie (1995).

Cassel was also the father of actor Vincent Cassel, actress/singer Cécile Cassel, and rapper Mathias Cassel.
Jazz Q
Jazz Q is a Czech jazz fusion band from Prague. It was established in 1964 in the former Czechoslovakia by musicians Martin Kratochvíl (keyboards) and Jiří Stivín (flute) but didn't gain recognition until the next decade. In 1970, Jazz Q released the jazz-rock album Coniunctio, together with Radim Hladík's Blue Effect. Stivín left the band the same year. Following this, the group took their music in the direction of electric jazz and art rock, with a new lineup that included Luboš Andršt on guitar, Vladimír Padrůněk on bass, and Michal Vrbovec on drums. In 1973, Jazz Q was joined by English blues singer Joan Duggan.

Luboš Andršt
Luboš Andršt (26 July 1948 – 20 December 2021) was a Czech jazz fusion, rock, and blues guitarist, composer, producer, and guitar teacher. Known primarily for his electric rock-influenced guitar playing, he frequently played acoustic guitar on jazz fusion recordings in the 1970s. Since the late 1990s, he was best known as a key figure in the Czech blues and blues rock scene with his Luboš Andršt Blues Band, and shared the stage with a number of American blues musicians, including B.B. King.

His father was Czech ice hockey player and executive Zdeněk Andršt. His cousin Petr Janda is the longtime frontman of the beat band Olympic.
Knish
A knish or knysh (/kəˈnɪʃ/ or /knɪʃ/, Ukrainian: книш) is a traditional food of Eastern European origin, characteristic of Ukrainian and Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine. It typically consists of a filling covered with dough that is baked or sometimes deep-fried.

In most traditional versions, the filling is made entirely of mashed potato, kasha (buckwheat groats), or cheese. Other varieties of fillings include beef, chicken, sweet potatoes, black beans, or spinach.

Knishes may be round, rectangular, or square. They may be entirely covered in dough, or some filling may peek out of the top. Sizes range from those that can be eaten in a single bite as an hors d'oeuvre to sandwich-sized.

Kasha
In English, kasha usually refers to the pseudocereal buckwheat or its culinary preparations. In Slavic languages, "kasha" means porridge. In some varieties of Central and Eastern European cuisine, kasha can apply to any kind of cooked grain. It can be baked but most often is boiled, either in water or milk, but the word can also refer to the grain before preparation, which corresponds to the definition of 'groats'. The word "kasha" is used in Belarus (каша), the Czech Republic (kaše), Lithuania (košė), Poland (kasza), Romania and Moldova (cașa), Russia (каша), Slovakia (kaša), Slovenia (kaša), Kazakhstan, and Ukraine (каша).

The English-language usage of kasha, which refers primarily to buckwheat, probably originated with Jewish immigrants, as did the form קאַשי kashi (literally translated as "porridges").
German colonization in Rio Grande do Sul
The German colonization in Rio Grande do Sul was a large-scale and long-term project of the Brazilian government, motivated initially by the desire to populate the south of Brazil, ensuring the possession of the territory, threatened by Spanish neighbors. In addition, the search for Germans intended to recruit mercenary soldiers to reinforce the Brazilian army. The immigrants would also be important to improve the domestic supply of basic goods, since they would settle on the land as owners of productive small farms. Furthermore, the Germans would help to "whiten" the Brazilian population.

An area of unclaimed land in the Sinos River valley was chosen for the settlement and the first settlers arrived in 1824. Throughout the 19th century and into the mid-20th centuries, tens of thousands more would arrive, either through government initiative or private entrepreneurship.

Blanqueamiento
Blanqueamiento in Spanish, or branqueamento in Portuguese (both meaning 'whitening'), was a social, political, and economic practice used in many post-colonial countries in the Americas and Oceania to "improve the race" towards a supposed ideal of whiteness. The term blanqueamiento is rooted in Latin America and is used more or less synonymously with racial whitening. However, blanqueamiento can be considered in both the symbolic and biological sense. Symbolically, blanqueamiento represents an ideology that emerged from legacies of European colonialism, described by Anibal Quijano's theory of coloniality of power, which caters to white dominance in social hierarchies. Biologically, blanqueamiento is the process of whitening by marrying a lighter-skinned individual to produce lighter-skinned offspring.
1996 San Juan, Puerto Rico, mayoral election
San Juan, Puerto Rico, held an election for mayor on November 5, 1996. It was held as part of the 1996 Puerto Rican general election. It saw the election of Sila María Calderón, a member of the Popular Democratic Party.

Sila María Calderón
Sila María Calderón Serra (born September 23, 1942) is a Puerto Rican politician, businesswoman, and philanthropist who served as the eighth democratically elected governor of Puerto Rico from 2001 to 2005. Calderón became the first female to be elected or serve as governor since the establishment of the office in 1508. She previously served as the mayor of San Juan, the capital municipality of Puerto Rico, from 1997 to 2001. She also held various positions in the government of Puerto Rico, including Secretary of State from 1988 to 1989.
Mississippi Highway 2
Mississippi Highway 2 (MS 2) is a designation for two highways in northern Mississippi. The westernmost segment starts at MS 5 in Hickory Flat, and ends at MS 15 and MS 368 in Blue Mountain. The eastern segment starts at MS 4 near Ripley and it travels northeastwards towards Corinth. The route becomes concurrent with U.S. Route 72 (US 72) and US 45 in Corinth, and ends at the Tennessee state line. The road continues as Tennessee State Route 22 (SR 22). The route was designated around 1932, from the state line near Mount Pleasant to the state line near Corinth. The section west of Corinth became a part of US 72 by 1935, and the route was extended southwestwards to Hickory Flat by 1958.

Mississippi Highway 5
Mississippi Highway 5 (MS 5) is a state highway in Benton County, Mississippi, United States. It runs 24.3 mi (39.107 km) from MS 178 in Hickory Flat north to U.S. Route 72 (US 72) to the south of Michigan City. The route runs through the Holly Springs National Forest for much of its length and passes through Ashland. To the south of Ashland, MS 5 has a concurrency with MS 4. The MS 5 designation was first used by 1932 for an unpaved road between Hickory Flat and the Tennessee border in Michigan City. In 1943, the northern terminus was cut back to US 72. MS 5 was completely paved by 1951 and has retained its current alignment since then.