hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Star
Operation Star or Operation Zvezda (Russian: Звезда, lit. 'Star') was a Red Army offensive on the Eastern Front of World War II begun on 2 February 1943. The attack was the responsibility of the Voronezh Front under the command of Filipp Golikov and a part of the larger Voronezh-Kharkov Strategic Offensive Operation.

Its main objectives were the cities of Kharkov and Kursk. While initially successful in capturing both cities, the Soviets overextended themselves, allowing Field Marshal Erich von Manstein to launch a counteroffensive and inflict a defeat on the Soviets in the Third Battle of Kharkov.

Voronezh–Kharkov offensive
The Voronezh–Kharkov strategic offensive operation was a successful strategic offensive operation of the Red Army's Voronezh, Bryansk and South-Western fronts, carried out from January 13 to March 3, 1943 with the aim of defeating the German Army Group B and liberating a large territory and the important industrial and administrative centers Voronezh, Kursk, Belgorod and Kharkov.
Otto Fridolinus Fritzsche
Otto Fridolinus Fritzsche also Otto Fridolin Fritzsche (September 23, 1812 in Dobrilugk – March 9, 1896 in Zurich) was a German Protestant theologian. His father, Christian Friedrich Fritzsche (1776–1850), was also a minister and theologian, .

He studied at the University of Halle, where in 1836 he obtained his habilitation. In 1837 he became an associate professor of theology at the University of Zurich. In 1842 he became a titular professor, followed by a full professorship in 1860. At the same time, he held from 1844 until his death, the post of chief librarian at the cantonal library.

Christian Friedrich Fritzsche
Christian Friedrich Fritzsche (17 August 1776 in Naundorf near Zeitz – 29 October 1850 in Zürich) was a German Protestant theologian. He was the father of theologian Otto Fridolinus Fritzsche and of philologist Franz Volkmar Fritzsche.

From 1792 he studied theology at the University of Halle, afterwards working as a pastor in Steinbach und Lauterbach (from 1799). In 1809 he became a preacher and superintendent in the community of Dobrilugk. In 1827 he was named an honorary professor of theology at Halle, where in 1830 he gained a full professorship. He was interested in public school education, and he wrote monographs and articles on contemporary theological issues from a supernaturalistic viewpoint.
Xerox India
Xerox India, based in Gurgaon, India, is the Indian subsidiary of Xerox Corporation, an American printer, photocopier, document supplies, technology & services company.

Originally Modi Xerox Limited, the business was derived from a joint venture formed between Dr Bhupendra Kumar Modi aka Dr. M through ModiCorp (now Spice Group) and Rank Xerox in September 1983.  The share structure was 40% ModiCorp, 40% Rank Xerox and 20% private shareholders.  It built upon an earlier co-operation, Indian Xerographic Systems, formed in 1982. Other partnerships included Modi Xerox Software Systems, created in 1995 and Modi Xerox Financial Services.

Rank Xerox was absorbed into Xerox Corporation in 1997 and Xerox obtained a majority stake in Modi Xerox in 1999.  After obtaining majority ownership of Modi Xerox, it was renamed Xerox ModiCorp and the software and financial services operations were incorporated into the main business.

Bhupendra Kumar Modi
Bhupendra Kumar Modi (born 2 January 1949), popularly known as Dr. Modi, is a Singaporean businessman, social entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He is the founder-chairman of Smart Group of companies, the founder of the Global Citizen Forum and the global chairman of the Foreign Investors India Forum. He is also the Honorary President of the World Federation of United Nations Associations.

He received the title of Rajarshi from the Shankaracharya of Dwarka Peeth.
The Five Pennies
The Five Pennies is a 1959 American biographical music drama film in VistaVision and Technicolor starring Danny Kaye as jazz cornet player and bandleader Loring "Red" Nichols. Other cast members include Barbara Bel Geddes, Louis Armstrong, Harry Guardino, Bob Crosby, Bobby Troup, Susan Gordon, and Tuesday Weld. The film was directed by Melville Shavelson.

The film received four Oscar nominations: Best Musical Scoring (Leith Stevens), Best Original Song (Sylvia Fine—Danny Kaye's wife), Best Cinematography (Daniel L. Fapp), and Best Costumes (Edith Head).

The real Red Nichols recorded all of Kaye's cornet playing for the film soundtrack. The other musicians in Red's band were not asked to provide their musical contributions, and the sound of his band was supplied by session players.

Barbara Bel Geddes
Barbara Bel Geddes (October 31, 1922 – August 8, 2005) was an American stage and screen actress, artist, and children's author whose career spanned almost five decades. She received various accolades, including a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award, as well as nominations for an Academy Award and two Tony Awards. Bel Geddes was best known for her starring role as Miss Ellie Ewing in the television series Dallas, while her notable films included I Remember Mama (1948) and Vertigo (1958). In theatre, she is best-remembered as Maggie in the original Broadway production of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof in 1955.
Grace Park (actress)
Grace Park (born March 14, 1974) is an American-Canadian actress and model, known for her roles in the science-fiction series Battlestar Galactica, as Shannon Ng in the Canadian teen soap opera series Edgemont, as Officer Kono Kalakaua in the police procedural Hawaii Five-0, and as Katherine Kim in A Million Little Things.

Edgemont (TV series)
Edgemont is a Canadian television series that aired from 2000 to 2004. Edgemont debuted January 4, 2000, on CBC Television and aired its final episode on July 21, 2004. There were a total of 70 episodes during its five-season run; the fifth season was shown commercial-free on the CBC. The series was created by Ian Weir, who also served as executive producer along with Michael Chechik. It was shot in the basement of the CBC Studios in Downtown Vancouver.

The 30-minute show delved into the lives of students at McKinley High School. The plots contained romance, intrigue, jealousy, and all the other elements associated with the adolescent and secondary school scene. The series also explored various social issues, such as racism and homosexuality.
Menander
Menander (/məˈnændər/; Ancient Greek: Μένανδρος, romanized: Ménandros; c. 342/341 – c. 290 BC) was a Greek playwright and the best-known representative of Athenian New Comedy. He wrote 108 comedies and took the prize at the Lenaia festival eight times. His record at the City Dionysia is unknown.

He was one of the most popular writers and most highly admired poets in antiquity, but his work was considered lost before the early Middle Ages. It now survives only in Latin-language adaptations by Terence and Plautus and, in the original Greek, in highly fragmentary form, most of which were discovered on papyrus in Egyptian tombs during the early to mid-20th century. In the 1950s, to the great excitement of Classicists, it was announced that a single play by Menander, Dyskolos, had finally been rediscovered in the Bodmer Papyri intact enough to be performed.

Plautus
Titus Maccius Plautus (/ˈplɔːtəs/ PLAW-təs; c. 254 – 184 BC) was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period. His comedies are the earliest Latin literary works to have survived in their entirety. He wrote Palliata comoedia, the genre devised by Livius Andronicus, the innovator of Latin literature. The word Plautine /ˈplɔːtaɪn/ (PLAW-tyne) refers to both Plautus's own works and works similar to or influenced by his.
He influenced some of the greatest figures in literature, including Shakespeare and Molière (The Miser is partly modeled after Plautus's Aulularia).
Gun Talk (film)
Gun Talk is a 1947 American Western film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by J. Benton Cheney. The film stars Johnny Mack Brown, Raymond Hatton, Christine McIntyre, Douglas Evans, Geneva Gray and Wheaton Chambers. The film was released on December 20, 1947, by Monogram Pictures.

Christine McIntyre
Christine Cecilia McIntyre (April 16, 1911 – July 8, 1984) was an American actress and singer who appeared in various films in the 1930s and 1940s. She is mainly remembered as the beautiful blonde actress who appeared in many of The Three Stooges shorts produced by Columbia Pictures.
Emma Suárez
Emma Suárez Bodelón (born 25 June 1964) is a Spanish actress.  She is the recipient of numerous accolades, including three Goya Awards.

After her debut as a child actress in Memoirs of Leticia Valle in 1979, she developed a professional acting career on screen and stage, landing her first adult film lead role in The White Dove. She acquired a great deal of recognition and prestige in 1990s Spanish cinema, starring in films such as Cows (1992), The Red Squirrel (1993), Earth (1996), and The Dog in the Manger (1996), for which she won her first Goya Award for Best Actress.

She continued her career in the 2000s and the 2010s in Hours of Light (2004), Under the Stars (2007), The Mosquito Net (2010), Julieta (2016), and The Next Skin (2016), winning a doublet of Goya Awards in 2017 for her work in the last two films. She has since appeared in films such as April's Daughter (2017), Josephine (2021), and The Rite of Spring and television series such as La zona, Néboa, and Intimacy.

Memoirs of Leticia Valle
Memoirs of Leticia Valle (Spanish: Memorias de Leticia Valle) is a 1979 Spanish coming-of-age drama film directed by Miguel Ángel Rivas based on the novel of the same name by Rosa Chacel. Emma Suárez stars as the title character.
Stuart Anderson (politician)
Stuart Paul Anderson (born 17 July 1976) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for South Shropshire since 2024. He was previously the MP for Wolverhampton South West from 2019 until 2024. He was Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from November 2023 until July 2024, as well as shadow Minister for Defence from July to November 2024.

South Shropshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Shropshire is a county constituency in Shropshire. It was first created in 1832 and was represented by two Knights of the Shire.

The constituency was abolished, along with North Shropshire, under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, with effect from the 1885 general election. The county was then split into four single-member constituencies: Ludlow, Newport, Oswestry and Wellington.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was re-established for the 2024 general election, formed from the current constituency of Ludlow with only minor boundary changes. It has been represented since 2024 by Stuart Anderson of the Conservative Party.
David Clendon
David James Clendon (born 11 September 1955) is a New Zealand former politician. He was a list Member of Parliament in the New Zealand House of Representatives for the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand from 2009 until 2017. He later served one term on the Far North District Council from 2019 to 2022.

Metiria Turei
Metiria Leanne Agnes Stanton Turei (born 1970) is a New Zealand academic and former politician. She was a Member of Parliament from 2002 to 2017 and the female co-leader of the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand from 2009 to 2017. Turei resigned from the co-leader position on 9 August 2017 amid a political controversy arising from her admission to lying to the Ministry of Social Development to receive higher payments when she was on the Domestic Purposes Benefit and later, to being enrolled to vote in an electorate where she was not eligible when she was 23.

She was the Green Party spokesperson on Inequality, Justice, and Building and Housing. She resigned as co-leader of the Green Party and a list candidate immediately prior to the 2017 general election and retired from politics.
Anna Konstam
Anna Konstam (22 February 1914 – 21 November 1982) was a British theatre and film actress.

She appeared in the comedy Love in a Mist at St Martin's Theatre in 1941. She also played roles at Stratford in 1942–43, including Desdemona in Othello, Olivia in Twelfth Night and Hermione in The Winter's Tale.

Love in a Mist (play)
Love in a Mist is a 1941 comedy play by the British writer Kenneth Horne. The plot around a honeymooning couple at an isolated cottage on Exmoor.

It premiered at the Connaught Theatre in Worthing. It then transferred to St Martin's Theatre in the West End, enjoying a run of 91 performances between 20 November 1941 and 7 February 1942. The cast included Ann Todd, Anna Konstam, Richard Bird, Michael Shepley and Marjorie Rhodes.
Cedric Sharpley
Cedric Larry Sharpley (2 July 1952 – 13 March 2012) was a South African-born musician who was the drummer with several bands in the 1970s and 1980s, including Gary Numan, Tubeway Army, Druid and Dramatis. With Numan, Sharpley played on five studio albums including the UK number ones The Pleasure Principle and Telekon.

The Pleasure Principle (album)
The Pleasure Principle is the debut solo studio album by the English new wave musician Gary Numan, released on 7 September 1979 by Beggars Banquet Records. The album came about six months after Replicas (1979), his second and final studio album with the band Tubeway Army. The Pleasure Principle peaked at No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart.

The album features his biggest hit, "Cars".
Eden Baldwin
Eden Baldwin is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless. Created and introduced by former head writer Maria Arena Bell, the character made her debut during the episode that aired on September 22, 2008. Erin Sanders originated the role, but she was recast with Vanessa Marano, who portrayed Eden from December 2008 until January 2010. In June 2011, the character returned with Jessica Heap, who remained until January 2013. Eden is the half-sister of Michael Baldwin (Christian LeBlanc) and the "defiant teenage daughter" of River Baldwin (Michael Gross). Her storylines have involved romances with Noah Newman (Kevin Schmidt), Daniel Romalotti (Michael Graziadei), and Kyle Abbott (Blake Hood), as well as a rivalry with Abby Newman (Marcy Rylan).

Jessica Heap
Jessica Heap is an American former actress. She is perhaps best known for her portrayal of Eden Baldwin on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless. She has also appeared on various television series including CSI: Miami. In addition to television, Heap has made appearances in the films Battle: Los Angeles, Sinners and Saints, I Love You Philip Morris, Death Toll, and Spring Break '83, as well as in the made-for-television films Fab Five: The Texas Cheerleader Scandal and Journey to Promethea.
Picocell
A picocell is a small cellular base station typically covering a small area, such as in-building (offices, shopping malls, train stations, stock exchanges, etc.), or more recently in-aircraft. In cellular networks, picocells are typically used to extend coverage to indoor areas where outdoor signals do not reach well, or to add network capacity in areas with very dense phone usage, such as train stations or stadiums. Picocells provide coverage and capacity in areas difficult or expensive to reach using the more traditional macrocell approach.

Small cell
Small cells are low-powered cellular radio access nodes that have ranges from around 10 meters to a few kilometers. They are base stations with low power consumption and cost. They can provide high data rates by being deployed densely to achieve high spatial spectrum efficiency.

In the United States, recent FCC orders have provided size and elevation guidelines to help more clearly define small cell equipment. They are "small" compared to a mobile macrocell, partly because they have a shorter range and partly because they typically handle fewer concurrent calls or sessions. As wireless carriers seek to 'densify' existing wireless networks to provide for the data capacity demands of 5G, small cells are currently viewed as a solution to allow re-using the same frequencies, and as an important method of increasing cellular network capacity, quality, and resilience with a growing focus using LTE Advanced.
Alex Norris (British politician)
Alexander James Jordan Norris (born 4 February 1984) is a British Labour and Co-op politician who has served as the Member of Parliament for Nottingham North and Kimberley, previously Nottingham North, since 2017. He has served as Minister of State for Border Security and Asylum since September 2025.

Nottingham North and Kimberley
Nottingham North and Kimberley is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. It was first contested at the 2024 general election, since when it has been held by Alex Norris of the Labour and Co-operative Party.
Grace Kigeni
Grace Kigeni Ateenyi Sengendo (born 1988) is a Ugandan chess player. She holds a title of a Woman FIDE Master. She was Uganda Women's National Chess Champion in 2013. Her national rank in Uganda is 187 (All players) and in Africa (All players) she ranks 6962. She is a member of the Ugandan Chess Federation.

Kigeni was the only Ugandan who defeated English chess grandmaster Nigel Short when he visited Uganda to participate in Anatoly Karpov's FIDE presidency election campaign in 2010. Short played 25 games during that tour. He won 23 games, lost one and drew one game.

Goretti Angolikin
Goretti Angolikin (born 1986) is a Ugandan chess player. She had held the FIDE title of Woman FIDE Master since 2015. In 2019, she attended the first edition of the Open Mind Chess Rapids which took place at the Kyadondo Rugby Club, in Kampala, Uganda.
Tañon Strait
The Tañon Strait (Filipino: Kipot ng Tañon) is a body of water, separating the islands of Negros and Cebu in the Visayas, Philippines. The strait, which is about 160 kilometres (100 mi) long, connects the Visayan Sea in the north to the Bohol Sea in the south. Its width varies from 5 to 27 kilometres (3 to 17 mi), with the narrowest point in the south. In the north the strait is closed off by the Don Islands, the largest of which is Bantayan. The cities of San Carlos, Negros Occidental, Bais, Negros Oriental and Toledo, Cebu have deepwater port facilities.  The Tañon Strait is known for whale and dolphin watching, with tour boats operating from Bais.

Bantayan Island
Bantayan Island is an island located in the Visayan Sea, Philippines. It is situated to the west of the northern end of Cebu, across the Tañon Strait. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 145,436.

The island is administratively divided into three municipalities:

Bantayan (the largest municipality, covering the central part)

Madridejos (covering the northern portion)

Santa Fe (center of tourism in Bantayan Island, covering the southeastern portion)

The island area is 108.77 square kilometers (42.00 sq mi).  The island is mostly covered with coconut trees; the elevation is mostly below 10 meters (30 ft), with only one taller hill, at 26 meters (90 ft), in barangay Atop-atop.
Colusa County, California
Colusa County (/kəˈluːsə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,839. The county seat is Colusa. It is in the northern Sacramento Valley, northwest of the state capital, Sacramento.

Glenn County, California
Glenn County is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,917. The county seat is Willows. It is located in the Sacramento Valley, in the northern part of the California Central Valley. The reservation of the Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians is located in Glenn County.
Umar I Idrismi
Umar I (ʿUmar bin Idrīs), called Umar Idrismi, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-to-late 14th century, ruling approximately 1376–1387. Umar's reign saw the loss of the imperial heartland of Kanem and its capital, Njimi, to the Bilala. Umar re-centered the empire in the Bornu region, located west of Lake Chad, which remained the new heartland of the empire for the rest of its existence.

Njimi
Birni Njimi, also called N'Jimi, N'jimi, and Anjimi, was the capital of the Kanem–Bornu Empire until the 14th century. Njimi is first recorded in texts from the 12th century but was probably the empire's original capital, perhaps established as early as the 8th century. Njimi was located in the Kanem region in modern-day Chad, east of Lake Chad, but its precise location has yet to be securely identified.
Frank Finlay
Francis Finlay (6 August 1926 – 30 January 2016) was an English actor. He earned an Academy Award nomination for his performance as Iago in Othello (1965). His first leading television role came in 1971 in Casanova. This led to appearances on The Morecambe and Wise Show. Finlay starred alongside famous Italian actress Stefania Sandrelli in Tinto Brass' The Key, the most successful Italian film of the 1983–1984 season. He also appeared in the drama Bouquet of Barbed Wire. A four-time BAFTA nominee, Finlay won one for his television performances in 1974.

The Key (1983 film)
The Key (Italian: La chiave) is an Italian erotic film directed by Tinto Brass. Set in Venice under the fascist regime in the early months of 1940, it recounts a tale of a voluptuous woman in her forties who is unable to respond to her husband but undergoes a belated sexual awakening with her daughter's fiancé, which enables her to please her husband at last. The film caused scandal in some quarters because it contains several explicit shots of nudity (characterised by certain critics as "gynecological") and sex scenes involving the well-known actress Stefania Sandrelli. However, the film ultimately obtained a decent level of commercial success.
Tadeáš Hájek
Tadeáš Hájek of Hájek (Czech: Tadeáš Hájek z Hájku, Czech pronunciation: [ˈtadeaːʃ ˈɦaːjɛk ˈzɦaːjku]; 1 December 1525 – 1 September 1600), also known by Latinized names Thaddaeus Hagecius ab Hayek and Thaddeus Nemicus, was a Czech naturalist and astronomer. He was a personal physician of the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II and an astronomer in the Kingdom of Bohemia.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

Rudolf's legacy has traditionally been viewed in three ways: an ineffectual ruler whose mistakes led directly to the Thirty Years' War; a great and influential patron of Northern Mannerist art; and an intellectual devotee of occult arts and learning which helped seed what would be called the Scientific Revolution. Determined to unify Christendom, he initiated the Long Turkish War (1593–1606) with the Ottoman Empire. Exhausted by war, his citizens in Hungary revolted in the Bocskai Uprising, which led to more authority being given to his brother Matthias. Under Rudolf's reign, there was a policy of tolerance towards Judaism.
Miss No Good
Miss No Good (Chinese: 不良笑花; pinyin: bù liáng xiào huā) is a 2008 Taiwanese television series starring Rainie Yang, Will Pan and Dean Fujioka. It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhiping (柴智屏) as producer and directed by Zhang Boyu (張博昱).

The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air Chinese Television System (CTS) (華視) from 7 September 2008 to 7 December 2008, every Sunday from 22:00 to 23:30 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森電視) from 13 September 2008 to 13 December 2008, every Saturday at 20:00 to 21:30.

Dean Fujioka
Tatsuo Fujioka (藤岡 竜雄, Fujioka Tatsuo; born August 19, 1980), better known as Dean Fujioka (ディーン・フジオカ, Dīn Fujioka; stylized as DEAN FUJIOKA) is a Japanese actor, voice actor, singer, songwriter, musician, model and film director/producer.