hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qalağan
Qalağan, also known as Qalaqan or Kalagan, is a village and municipality in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 977.  The municipality consists of the villages of Qalağan, Keymərəz, and Hacılar.

Hacılar, Khachmaz
41°26′39″N 48°54′26″E﻿ / ﻿41.44417°N 48.90722°E﻿ / 41.44417; 48.90722

Hacılar (also, Gadzhylar) is a village in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Qalağan.
Flyback chronograph
A flyback chronograph is a watch complication, in which the user can use a reset function without the need to first stop the chronograph, by a single press on an additional pusher at the 4 o'clock mark. In usual chronographs of the time, the user had to push three times for the same operation. First they had to stop the chronograph, then reset the hands at zero, and finally restart the chronograph in order to time the next sequence. A flyback chronograph shortens the time of operation needed to measure subsequent legs of a flight.

Complication (horology)
In horology, a complication is any feature of a timepiece beyond the display of hours, minutes and seconds. A timepiece indicating only hours, minutes and seconds is known as a simple movement. Common complications include date or day-of-the-week indicators, alarms, chronographs (stopwatches), and automatic winding mechanisms. Complications may be found in any clock, but they are most notable in mechanical watches where the small size makes them difficult to design and assemble. A typical date-display chronograph may have up to 250 parts, while a particularly complex watch may have a thousand or more parts. Watches with several complications are referred to as grandes complications.
Khun Hna Sin A Lwan
Khun Hna Sin A Lwan (Burmese: ခုနှစ်စဉ်အလွမ်း) is a 1990 Burmese black-and-white drama film, directed by Maung Wunna starring Thu Maung and Khin Than Nu. Maung Wunna won the Best Director Award, Thu Maung won the Best Actor Award and Khin Than Nu won the Best Actress Award in 1990 Myanmar Motion Picture Academy Awards for this film.

Maung Wunna
Maung Wunna (Burmese: မောင် ဝဏ္ဏ, 19 January 1947 – 11 January 2011) was a two-time Myanmar Motion Picture Academy Awards-winning Burmese director and writer. He came from a family heavily involved in the entertainment industry—his father Thadu was a director and his brother Thu Maung was a prominent singer and actor and Min Lu was a reputed satirist. Maung Wunna died of lung cancer in 2011.
Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Woods Hole is a census-designated place in the town of Falmouth in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. It lies at the extreme southwestern corner of Cape Cod, near Martha's Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands. The population was 781 at the 2010 census.

It is the site of several marine science institutions, including Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the Marine Biological Laboratory, the Woodwell Climate Research Center, NOAA's Northeast Fisheries Science Center (which started the Woods Hole scientific community in 1871), the Woods Hole Science Aquarium, a USGS coastal and marine geology center, and the home campus of the Sea Education Association.

Woods Hole is also the site of United States Coast Guard Sector Southeastern New England (formerly USCG Group Woods Hole), the Nobska Light lighthouse, and the terminus of the Steamship Authority ferry route between Cape Cod and the island of Martha's Vineyard.

Sea Education Association
Sea Education Association (SEA) is a private, nonprofit educational organization. Founded in 1971 by Corwith Cramer, Jr. SEA operates two sailing ships traveling throughout both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

SEA is based on Cape Cod in the oceanographic research community of Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
Holy Cross of San Antonio
Holy Cross of San Antonio is a Catholic, coeducational college preparatory secondary school located in the Loma Vista neighborhood of San Antonio, Texas, on the west side of the city, in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Antonio.

Congregation of Holy Cross
The Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce), abbreviated CSC, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men founded in Le Mans, France, in 1837 by Basil Moreau.

Moreau also founded the Marianites of Holy Cross for women, now divided into three independent congregations of sisters: the Marianites of Holy Cross (Le Mans, France), the Sisters of the Holy Cross (Notre Dame, Indiana), and the Sisters of Holy Cross (Montreal, Quebec, Canada).
Santa Maria Coghinas
Santa Maria Coghinas (Gallurese: Cuzina; Sardinian: Cuzina) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 190 kilometres (120 mi) north of Cagliari and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Sassari, in the Anglona traditional region, on the banks of Coghinas river.

Santa Maria Coghinas borders the following municipalities: Bortigiadas, Bulzi, Perfugas, Sedini, Valledoria, Viddalba. It is known since the early 11th century as part of the giudicato of Torres. It is an autonomous commune since 1983.

Sights include the Doria castle and the Romanesque-Gothic church of Madonna delle Grazie.

Valledoria
Valledoria (Gallurese: Codaruìna; Sardinian: Codaruìna; Sassarese: Codaruìna) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Sassari situated at the center of the Gulf of Asinara, near the mouth of the Coghinas river.
Judicial corporal punishment
Judicial corporal punishment is the infliction of corporal punishment as a result of a sentence imposed on an offender by a court of law, including flagellation (also called flogging or whipping), forced amputations, caning, bastinado, birching, or strapping. Legal corporal punishment is forbidden in most countries, but it still is a form of legal punishment practised according to the legislations of Brunei, Iran, Libya, the Maldives, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and Qatar, as well as parts of Indonesia (Aceh province) and Nigeria (northern states).

Foot whipping
Foot whipping, falanga/falaka or bastinado is a method of inflicting pain and humiliation by administering a beating on the soles of a person's bare feet. Unlike most types of flogging, it is meant more to be painful than to cause actual injury to the victim. Blows are generally delivered with a light rod, knotted cord, or lash.

Bastinado is also referred to as foot (bottom) caning or sole caning, depending on the instrument in use.  The German term is Bastonade, deriving from the Italian noun bastonata (stroke with the use of a stick). In former times it was also referred to as Sohlenstreich (corr. striking the soles). The Chinese term is dǎ jiǎoxīn (打脚心 / 打腳心).
Fu Rong
Fu Rong (苻融) (died 383), courtesy name Boxiu (伯休), formally Duke Ai of Yangping (陽平哀公), was an official and general of the Di-led Former Qin dynasty of China. He was a younger brother of Fu Jiān, the third emperor of the dynasty.

Fu Jian (337–385)
Fu Jian (Chinese: 苻堅; 337 –16 October 385), courtesy name Yonggu (永固) or Wenyu (文玉), also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Xuanzhao of Former Qin (前秦宣昭帝), was the third monarch of the Di-led Chinese Former Qin dynasty, ruling as Heavenly King. Under his reign, the Former Qin unified Northern China by conquering the Former Yan, Chouchi, Former Liang, and Dai, as well as the Eastern Jin's Yi Province (modern Sichuan and Chongqing), until he was repelled at the Battle of Fei River in 383. Following this defeat, the Former Qin state disintegrated and Fu was assassinated in 385 by Yao Chang, his former subordinate who then founded the Later Qin dynasty. He was considered by traditional histories to be a virtuous and just ruler, who, ironically, by sparing too many of his enemies after defeating them, led to his own downfall.
Bonifaty Kedrov
Bonifaty Mikhailovich Kedrov (Russian: Бонифа́тий Миха́йлович Ке́дров; 10 December [O.S. 27 November] 1903 in Yaroslavl – 10 September 1985 in Moscow) was a Soviet researcher, philosopher, logician, chemist and psychologist who was a specialist in the philosophy of dialectical materialism and the philosophy of science.

Son of the Bolshevik leader Mikhail Kedrov, he himself joined the Bolsheviks in 1918.

Kedrov had a Doctor of Philosophy degree and specialized in philosophical questions of the natural sciences. He was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union since 1966, author of over one thousand publications.

Since 1963, Kedrov was a member of the International Academy of the History of Science and a number of other institutions. Kedrov was one of the initiators and the first editor-in-chief of Problems of Philosophy (Voprosy Filosofii), a leading Soviet journal of philosophy, from 1947 to 1949.

Mikhail Kedrov (politician)
Mikhail Sergeyevich Kedrov (Russian: Михаи́л Сергеевич Кедров; 24 February [O.S. 12 February] 1878 – 28 October 1941) was a Russian Soviet communist politician, an Old Bolshevik  revolutionary, secret policeman and head of the military section of the Cheka.
Madeline Island Marathon
The Madeline Island Marathon and Half Marathon is an annual road running competition held in May at La Pointe, Wisconsin, located on Madeline Island, United States. The course runs point-to-point, with out-and-back portions.  The course follows a scenic route, which is mostly paved, but also includes sections of gravel road. The route features scenic woodlands and Lake Superior views, in a rural setting. Joni's Beach on Madeline Island serves as the starting and ending point.

The Madeline Island Marathon is USATF certified. Certification numbers are:

Marathon #WI17014DM

Half Marathon #WI17013DM

The 2020 running was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Madeline Island
Madeline Island (Ojibwe: Mooningwanekaaning) is an island in Lake Superior. Located in Ashland County, Wisconsin, it has long been a spiritual center of the Lake Superior Chippewa. Although the largest of the Apostle Islands, it is not included in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. It is the only island in the Apostle Island chain open to commercial development and private ownership.

The community of La Pointe, located on the western edge of the island and established by French colonists as a fur trading post, was one of the earliest European settlements in the area. It has a population of 302, with a higher population during the summer tourist season. The island can be accessed by ferry from nearby Bayfield.
Peppermint extract
Peppermint extract is an extract of peppermint (Mentha × piperita) made from the essential oil of peppermint leaves. Peppermint is a hybrid of water mint and spearmint. The oil has been used for various purposes over centuries.

Peppermint extract is commonly used in cooking, as a dietary supplement, as an herbal or alternative medicine, as a pest repellent, and a flavor or fragrance agent for cleaning products, cosmetics, mouthwash, chewing gum, and candies. Its active ingredient menthol causes a cold sensation when peppermint extract is consumed or used topically.

There is insufficient evidence to conclude peppermint oil is effective for treating any medical condition, and ingesting it may cause adverse effects, including a possible allergic reaction.

Peppermint
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.

Although the genus Mentha comprises more than 25 species, the one in most common use is peppermint. While Western peppermint is derived from Mentha ×  piperita, Chinese peppermint, or bohe, is derived from the fresh leaves of M. haplocalyx. M. ×  piperita and M. haplocalyx are both recognised as plant sources of menthol and menthone, and are among the oldest herbs used for both culinary and medicinal products.
Don Taylor Udall
Don Taylor Udall (July 20, 1897 – March 14, 1976) was a member of the Arizona State Legislature from the Udall political family.

Born and raised in Arizona, he was the son of David King Udall and Ida Frances (Hunt) Udall.

He graduated from Georgetown University with a law degree, and was admitted to the Arizona Bar in 1923. From 1941–1942 he was a member of the Arizona State Legislature. During World War II, he served as a Lieutenant Colonel in the U.S. Army Judge Advocate Generals Corps, with duty in the South Pacific. Later he was elected as a Judge of the Arizona Superior Court.

He died in Mesa, Arizona, in 1976. He is buried in the Holbrook Cemetery in Holbrook, Arizona.

Udall family
The Udall family is a U.S. political family rooted in the American West. Its role in politics spans over 100 years and four generations. Udall politicians have been elected from four different states: Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Oregon. If viewed as a combined entity, the Udall-Hunt-Lee family has been elected from six states: Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Oregon, and Utah.

Three Udall family cousins were nominated by the two major American political parties for the United States Senate elections of 2008, of which the two Democrats were elected and seated in 2009.
Milan Kundera
Milan Kundera (UK: /ˈkʊndərə, ˈkʌn-/ KU(U)N-dər-ə; Czech: [ˈmɪlan ˈkundɛra] ⓘ; 1 April 1929 – 11 July 2023) was a Czech and French novelist. Kundera went into exile in France in 1975, acquiring citizenship in 1981. His Czechoslovak citizenship was revoked in 1979, but he was granted Czech citizenship in 2019.

Kundera's best-known work is The Unbearable Lightness of Being. Before the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the country's ruling Communist Party of Czechoslovakia banned his books. He led a low-profile life and rarely spoke to the media. He was thought to be a contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature and was also a nominee for other awards.

Kundera was awarded the Jerusalem Prize in 1985, the Austrian State Prize for European Literature in 1987, and the Herder Prize in 2000. In 2021, he received the Golden Order of Merit from the president of Slovenia, Borut Pahor.

The Farewell Waltz
The Farewell Waltz (Czech: Valčík na rozloučenou) is a Czech-language novel by Milan Kundera published in 1972. A French edition was published in 1976 and an English version entitled The Farewell Party.

This novel mostly deals with love, hate and accidents between eight characters who are drawn together in a small spa town in Czechoslovakia in early 1970s.

Like most Kundera's work The Farewell Waltz is a book of many layers. On the surface it is a  comedy or a burlesque. Still the comedy is just at the top of this story which involves much darker and ambiguous tones. For the Farewell Waltz, Milan Kundera was awarded the Mondello Prize in 1979.
Trio-Twister 203
The Trio-Twister 203 is a German powered parachute that was designed by Siegfried Stolle and produced by Trio-Twister of Eichwalde. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The aircraft was introduced in 2005 and production ended when the company went out of business later in 2005.

Trio-Twister
Trio-Twister was a German aircraft manufacturer based in Eichwalde and founded by Siegfried Stolle. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles and the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight categories.

The company was founded in 2003 and went out of business in 2005.

Trio-Twister produced two powered parachute designs, the single-seat Trio-Twister 103 and two-seat Trio-Twister 203. Both incorporated a central canopy attachment and tilting seats, which allowed the pilot to see up and behind to ensure that the canopy inflated correctly.
Jose P. Laurel
José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the President of the Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1945, which was a Japanese ally during World War II.

Laurel was the runner-up in the 1949 Philippine presidential election. In the 1951 Philippine Senate election, he was elected to the Senate of the Philippines for the Nacionalista Party. He headed a mission to negotiate trade and other matters with the United States, which led to the Laurel–Langley Agreement of 1954.

Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been recognized by later administrations as a former president of the Philippines.

Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman), colloquially referred to as the Korte Suprema (also used in formal writing), is the highest court in the Philippines. It was established by the Taft Commission in June 11, 1901, through the enactment of Act No. 136, which abolished the Real Audiencia of Manila, the predecessor of the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court compound is located in what was formerly a part of the University of the Philippines Manila campus. It occupies the corner of Padre Faura Street and Taft Avenue in Ermita, Manila, with the main building sited directly in front of Philippine General Hospital's cancer institute.
Anthracite Fields
Anthracite Fields is an oratorio for choir and chamber ensemble by the American composer Julia Wolfe.

The work was commissioned by the Mendelssohn Club with contributions from New Music USA and was premiered by Bang on a Can All Stars and the Mendelssohn Club Chorus in Philadelphia, April 26, 2014.  It was awarded the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Music.

The oratorio commemorates the history of the Northeastern Pennsylvania Coal Region, taking its name from anthracite, a form of coal that can be used for domestic fuel. The composer has called it a tribute to those who “persevered and endured in the Pennsylvania Anthracite coal region.”

Pulitzer Prize for Music
The Pulitzer Prize for Music is one of seven Pulitzer Prizes awarded annually in Letters, Drama, and Music. It was first given in 1943. Joseph Pulitzer arranged for a music scholarship to be awarded each year, and this was eventually converted into a prize: "For a distinguished musical composition of significant dimension by an American that has had its first performance in the United States during the year."

Because of the requirement that the composition have its world premiere during the year of its award, the winning work had rarely been recorded and sometimes had received only one performance. In 2004, the terms were modified to read: "For a distinguished musical composition by an American that has had its first performance or recording in the United States during the year."
9Go!
9Go! is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel, which was launched by the Nine Network on 9 August 2009, replacing Nine Guide. It is a youthful channel that offers a mix of comedy, reality, general entertainment, movies, animation and drama aimed at people between the ages of 2 and 18.

WIN Television
WIN Television is an Australian television network owned and operated by WIN Corporation that is based in Wollongong, New South Wales. WIN commenced transmissions on 18 March 1962 as a single television station covering the Wollongong region. The WIN Network has since grown to cover much of regional Australia. The network's name, WIN, originates from its first station, Wollongong's WIN-4.

WIN has a programme supply agreement with metropolitan broadcaster Nine Network, covering its stations in Regional Queensland, Southern and Western New South Wales, Griffith, Regional Victoria, Mildura, Tasmania, Eastern South Australia, and Regional Western Australia. WIN also produces and broadcasts weeknight half-hour local news bulletins across its Queensland, southern New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania markets as WIN News.
Neustadt an der Weinstraße
Neustadt an der Weinstraße (German: [ˈnɔʏʃtat ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈvaɪnˌʃtʁaːsə]; lit. 'New City on the Wine Route'; Palatine German: Naischdadt an de Woischdrooß), formerly known as Neustadt an der Haardt, is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. With 53,300 inhabitants as of 2020, it is the largest town called Neustadt.

Frederick II, Elector Palatine
Frederick II, Count Palatine of the Rhine (9 December 1482 – 26 February 1556), also Frederick the Wise, a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Prince-elector of the Palatinate from 1544 to 1556, and pretender to the Norwegian Throne from 1535 to 1556.

The Kurfürst-Friedrich-Gymnasium in Heidelberg is named after him.
St. Mark's Episcopal Church (Mt. Kisco, New York)
St. Mark's Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal church at the junction of N. Bedford Rd. and E. Main Street in Mt. Kisco, Westchester County, New York. It was designed by architect Bertram Goodhue in 1907 and built from 1909 to 1913 in the late Gothic Revival style.  The church was expanded in 1927–1928.  It is a two-story building constructed of square cut local granite and schist.  It has carved limestone trim and copings and a statue of St. Mark by Lee Lawrie.  Its intersecting gable roof is covered by green and purple slate shingles. A tower was added in 1919–1920. Connected to the church is a contributing parish hall.

The church has an organ built by Aeolian-Skinner Organ Company.  Three stained glass windows were executed by the Tiffany Studio.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Mount Kisco, New York
Mount Kisco is a village and town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The town of Mount Kisco is coterminous with the village. The population was 10,959 at the 2020 United States census.

It serves as a significant historic site along the Washington-Rochambeau Revolutionary Route.
Sonny Rollins
Walter Theodore "Sonny" Rollins (born September 7, 1930) is a retired American jazz tenor saxophonist who is widely recognized as one of the most important and influential jazz musicians.

In a seven-decade career, Rollins recorded more than sixty albums as a leader. A number of his compositions, including "St. Thomas", "Oleo", "Doxy", and "Airegin", have become jazz standards. Rollins has been called "the greatest living improviser". Due to health problems, Rollins has not performed publicly since 2012 and announced his retirement in 2014.

Percy Heath
Percy Heath (April 30, 1923 – April 28, 2005) was an American jazz bassist, brother of saxophonist Jimmy Heath and drummer Albert Heath, with whom he formed the Heath Brothers in 1975. Heath played with the Modern Jazz Quartet throughout their long history and also worked with Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Wes Montgomery, Thelonious Monk and Lee Konitz.
Pervomaysky Administrative Okrug
Pervomaysky Administrative Okrug (Russian: Первома́йский администрати́вный о́круг) is a territorial division of the City of Murmansk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Population:  121,357 (2010 Census); 133,551 (2002 Census); 176,373 (1989 Soviet census).

It was established on February 21, 1975 as Pervomaysky City District when its territory was split from Oktyabrsky City District. When the Charter of the Hero City of Murmansk was adopted on December 17, 1995, all city districts started to be referred to as administrative okrugs.

Oktyabrsky Administrative Okrug, Murmansk
Oktyabrsky Administrative Okrug (Russian: Октя́брьский администрати́вный о́круг) is a territorial division of the City of Murmansk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Population:  95,569 (2010 census); 104,831 (2002 census); 144,431 (1989 Soviet census).