hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dmitry Leshchenko
Dmitry Ilyich Leshchenko (Russian: Дми́трий Ильи́ч Лéщенко; 25 October 1876, Nikolaev, Kherson province – 9 November 1937, Leningrad) was a Russian revolutionary, Old Bolshevik, professor and one of the founders and first organizers of Soviet Cinema who served as first head of the All-Russian Photo and Cinematographic Department of the People's Commissariat for Education.

State Committee for Cinematography
Goskino USSR (Russian: Госкино СССР) is the abbreviated name for the USSR State Committee for Cinematography (Государственный комитет по кинематографии СССР) in the Soviet Union. It was a central state directory body for Soviet film production.
Well of Dina Nath
The Well of Dina Nath (Punjabi: دِینا ناتھ دا کُھوہ , Urdu: دینا ناتھ کا کنواں) was intended to be a water well in the Wazir Khan Chowk in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The well's construction in the 19th century by a Sikh nobleman sparked controversy, given its location in the immediate vicinity of the Wazir Khan Mosque.

Wazir Khan Chowk
The Wazir Khan Chowk (Urdu: وزیر خان چوک) is a town square located in the Walled City of Lahore, in Punjab, Pakistan. It is located at the main entrance of the 17th-century Mughal era Wazir Khan Mosque.
Poljane (Šentvid District)
Poljane (pronounced [ˈpoːljanɛ], German: Polane) is a former settlement in central Slovenia in the northwest part of the capital Ljubljana. It belongs to the Šentvid District of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Šentvid District
The Šentvid District (pronounced [ʃɛntˈʋiːt]; Slovene: Četrtna skupnost Šentvid), or simply Šentvid, is a district (mestna četrt) of the City Municipality of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is named after the former village of Šentvid.
Videotape format war
The videotape format war was a period of competition or "format war" of incompatible models of consumer-level analog videocassette formats and video cassette recorders (VCRs) in the late 1970s and the 1980s, mainly involving the Betamax and VHS (Video Home System) formats.  VHS ultimately emerged as the preeminent format.

Format war
A format war is a competition between similar but mutually incompatible technical standards that compete for the same market, such as for data storage devices and recording formats for electronic media. It is often characterized by political and financial influence on content publishers by the developers of the technologies. Developing companies may be characterized as engaging in a format war if they actively oppose or avoid interoperable open-industry technical standards in favor of their own.

A format war emergence can be explained because each vendor is trying to exploit cross-side network effects in a two-sided market. There is also a social force to stop a format war: when one of them wins as de facto standard, it solves a coordination problem for the format users.
Sir Edward Greene, 1st Baronet
Sir Edward Walter Greene, 1st Baronet (14 March 1842 – 27 February 1920) was a British brewer and Conservative Party politician.

He unsuccessfully contested a by-election in the Stowmarket constituency in 1891, but was narrowly defeated by the Liberal Party candidate. He was High Sheriff of Suffolk in 1897. He did not stand for parliament again until the 1900 general election, when he was elected unopposed as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bury St Edmunds. He stepped down at the 1906 general election and did not stand again.

He was made a Baronet, of Nether Hall in the Parish of Thurston in the County of Suffolk, on 21 June 1900.

He was appointed Honorary Colonel of the 3rd (Reserve) Battalion, Suffolk Regiment, on 7 June 1908.

After his death Nether Hall was sold by his son Sir Raymond Greene, 2nd Baronet.

High Sheriff of Suffolk
This is a list of Sheriffs and High Sheriffs of Suffolk.

The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown and is appointed annually (in March) by the Crown. The Sheriff was originally the principal law enforcement officer in the county and presided at the Assizes and other important county meetings. Most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. There was a single Sheriff serving the two counties of Norfolk and Suffolk until 1576.

On 1 April 1974, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, the title of Sheriff of Suffolk was retitled High Sheriff of Suffolk.
Avi Lewis
Avram David "Avi" Lewis (born May 1967) is a Canadian politician, journalist, and activist.

Raised in a political family, Lewis began his career in broadcasting, hosting several programs for Citytv, CBC News and Al Jazeera English including The NewMusic, CounterSpin, On the Map with Avi Lewis, The Big Picture with Avi Lewis, and Fault Lines. With his wife Naomi Klein, Lewis directed the documentaries The Take and This Changes Everything. Along with Klein and several other activists, Lewis launched the Leap Manifesto in 2015. Lewis is an associate professor at the University of British Columbia and was previously a lecturer at Rutgers University.

A member of the New Democratic Party (NDP), he was a candidate in the 2021 and 2025 federal elections, losing both times. He is a candidate in the party's 2026 leadership election.

Lewis family (Canada)
The Lewis family is a Canadian political family, who have Polish-Jewish heritage. It includes the labour activist Moishe Lewis, former Leader of the New Democratic Party David Lewis, and former Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations Stephen Lewis.
Russell "Pete" Ashbaugh
Russell G. "Pete" Ashbaugh Jr. (May 23, 1921 – August 16, 2009) was an American football standout at the University of Notre Dame who went on to play for the Chicago Rockets in the late 1940s.

Ashbaugh gained early recognition as an All-City Gridder at Youngstown's South High School, in 1938, where he quarterbacked under his father, former Brown University gridder Busty Ashbaugh. He went on to play varsity football at Notre Dame both before and after World War II, distinguishing himself as a member of Fighting Irish national championship teams of 1946 and 1947.

Ashbaugh's subsequent professional career with the Chicago Rockets was cut short by a knee injury. At the close of his sports career, he joined the Elkhart Brass Company, in Elkhart, Indiana, and eventually rose to the position of chief executive officer.

Busty Ashbaugh
Russell G. "Busty" Ashbaugh Sr. (September 12, 1889 – November 20, 1953) was a celebrated American football player at Brown University who went on to coach competitive teams at South High School, in Youngstown, Ohio. He played an important role in the formation of several future coaches, including collegiate legends such as Dike Beede and Wes Fesler.
Monopotassium phosphite
Monopotassium phosphite is an inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO3. A compositionally related compound has the formula H3PO3.2(KH2PO3). Both are white solids that consist of salts of the phosphite anion H2PO3−, the conjugate base of phosphorous acid.

Phosphites of potassium are used as fungicides (in a loose sense) in agriculture to combat water mold infection. Confusingly, they have also been marketed as fertilizers to avoid a regulatory burden. While perfectly capable to supply potassium to the plant, the phosphorus in phosphite form is unavailable to plants, and may even inhibit the uptake of the normal phosphate form if used in excess.

Phosphite (ion)
A phosphite ion in inorganic chemistry usually refers to [HPO3]2− but includes [H2PO3]− ([HPO2(OH)]−).  These anions are the conjugate bases of  phosphorous acid (H3PO3).  The corresponding salts, e.g. sodium phosphite (Na2HPO3) are reducing in character.
Khamisiyah
Khamisiyah (Arabic: الخميسية Khamisiyah) is an area in southern Iraq located approximately 350 km (217 mi) south-east of Baghdad, 200 km (124 mi) north-west of Kuwait City and 270 km (168 mi) north of Al Qaysumah. Khamisiyah is under the administration of the province of Dhi Qar. The area contains a few small towns, including Khamisiyah and Sahalat, with an estimated population of 8,500.

It is the site of the Khamisiyah Ammunition Storage Facility (also known as Tel Al Lahm Ammunition Storage Facility and Bunker 73), built and used during the regime of Saddam Hussein. The site had chemical weapons which were destroyed in 1991. The destruction of the site released a plume of sarin gas that affected thousands of US troops. This sarin exposure is the primary cause of the mass illness known as Gulf War syndrome.

Nasiriyah Airport
Nasiriyah Airport (IATA: XNH, ICAO: ORTL) is a public and military airport located 23 km (14 mi) southwest of Nasiriyah, Iraq.

It is also known as Tallil Air Base until December 2011 and Imam Ali Air Base until March 2017, when the base was used by United States Armed Forces. It is generally known as Camp Adder by the U.S. Army; the name Ali Air Base is used chiefly by the U.S. Air Force; the installation, however, is still commonly referred to as "Tallil".

The base occupies 30 km2 (11.6 sq mi) and is protected by 22 km (13.7 mi) of security perimeter. The ancient Babylonian city of Ur, one of the places identified as Ur of the Chaldees, the birthplace of Abraham, is located within the security perimeter of Ali Base, and its ancient ziggurat is visible from nearly every corner of the base.
Orquestra Pau Casals
The Orquestra Pau Casals (Spanish: Orquesta Pau Casals) was established by Pablo Casals (in Catalan Pau Casals) in the early 1920s in Barcelona, with the debut performance taking place October 13, 1920. There had been other orchestras in Barcelona, but none that played with any enduring success. The orchestra was managed by a group of Casals' friends including Felip Capdevila and Casals' second wife Francesca.

Pablo Casals
Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan: [ˈpaw kəˈzalz i ðəfiˈʎo]; 29 December 1876 – 22 October 1973), also known in English as Pablo Casals, was a Catalan and Puerto Rican cellist, composer, and conductor, born in Spain. He made many recordings throughout his career of solo, chamber, and orchestral music, including some as conductor, but he is perhaps best remembered for the recordings he made of the Cello Suites by Bach. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963 by President John F. Kennedy (though the ceremony was presided over by Lyndon B. Johnson).
Goleminov Point
Goleminov Point (Bulgarian: Големинов нос, ‘Goleminov Nos’ \go-le-'mi-nov 'nos\) is the rocky point on the northwest coast of Alexander Island in Antarctica projecting 400 m westwards into Lazarev Bay southeast of the terminus of Manolov Glacier.

The feature is named after the Bulgarian composer, Marin Goleminov (1908-2000).

Manolov Glacier
Manolov Glacier (Bulgarian: Манолов ледник, romanized: Manolov lednik, IPA: [mɐˈnɔɫof ˈlɛdnik]) is the 3 km long in east-northeast to west-southwest direction and 1.3 km wide glacier on the west side of Havre Mountains in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It is situated south of Oselna Glacier and west of Coulter Glacier, flows southwestwards and enters Lazarev Bay northwest of Goleminov Point.

The feature is named after the Bulgarian composer Emanuil Manolov (1860-1902).
Het Rattenkasteel
Het Rattenkasteel ("The Rat's Castle") is a 1948 comic book album in the Belgian comics series The Adventures of Nero by Marc Sleen. It's the fourth album in the series and acclaimed as one of Sleen's best. In the 2000s the story was collected and re-published by the Flemish newspapers Het Belang van Limburg and Gazet van Antwerpen in a special series entitled "De beste 10 volgens Marc Sleen" ("The best 10 according to Marc Sleen"), where Sleen choose his ten favorite "Nero" stories. He placed "Het Rattenkasteel" first.

Detective Van Zwam
Detective Van Zwam is a Flemish comics character in the Belgian comics series The Adventures of Nero by Marc Sleen. He is a brilliant detective and able to find clues from even the tiniest of evidence.

Van Zwam was originally the main protagonist and the series was named after him, but after ten stories his more popular sidekick, Nero, became the main protagonist instead. Since then Van Zwam was recast as a side character.
Union of Salaried Employees
The Union of Salaried Employees (TU, Finnish: Toimihenkilöunioni, Swedish: Tjänstemannaunionen) was a trade union in Finland. With 125,000 members, TU was a major trade union for workers in industry and industrial services, technics, economy and information.

The union was established in 2001, when the Union of Technical Employees merged with the Finnish Industrial and Clerical Employees' Union, the Construction and Engineering Union, and the Swedish Union of Technicians and Foremen.  Like all its predecessors, it affiliated to the Finnish Confederation of Salaried Employees (STTK).  On formation, the union had 130,000 members, making it STTK's largest affiliate, and the fourth-largest union in Finland.

In 2011, the union merged with the Trade Union Direct, to form Trade Union Pro.

Trade Union Pro
Trade Union Pro (Finnish: Ammattiliitto Pro) is a collective force of working life and one of the largest trade unions in Finland. Pro's members are educated professionals, experts and managers in a wide array of sectors from finance to ICT and communications, service fields and industries to the public sector. Pro has some 120 000 members and negotiates 150 collective agreements.

Pro's mission is to improve the working conditions, livelihoods and career prospects of our members and those studying these fields. The union also looks after the well-being of its members.

Trade Union Pro believes that a humane working life is a human right. The union foresees international developments and phenomena and develops new solutions for the Finnish working life.
Wayne Shaw (linebacker)
Wayne Shaw (born 1939) is a retired outside linebacker who played twelve seasons for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League.

He is the brother of former Canadian football linebacker Cliff Shaw.

Cliff Shaw (Canadian football)
Cliff Shaw (August 30, 1943 – June 15, 1993) was a Canadian football player who played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders. He won the Grey Cup with them 1966. He died of liver disease in 1993.

He is the brother of former Canadian football linebacker Wayne Shaw.
Jupiter (roller coaster)
Jupiter (Japanese: ジュピター)  is a wooden roller coaster located at Kijima Kogen amusement park in Beppu, Ōita Prefecture, Japan. Manufactured by Intamin and designed by Curtis D. Summers, the ride opened to the public on July 21, 1992.

Jupiter was the first wooden roller coaster in Japan and the only one until White Canyon at Yomiuriland and White Cyclone at Nagashima Spa Land both opened in 1994. At over 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) in length, Jupiter is the 7th longest wooden roller coaster in the world.

White Canyon (roller coaster)
White Canyon (Japanese: ホワイトキャニオン) was a wooden roller coaster located at Yomiuriland near Inagi, Tokyo, Japan. It was one of the first wooden roller coasters in Japan, and one of the largest Cyclone-style roller coasters in the world.
2016 Tianjin Open
The 2016 Tianjin Open was a women's professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was third edition of the tournament, and was part of the WTA International category of the 2016 WTA Tour. It took place in Tianjin, China between 10 October and 16 October 2016. Unseeded Peng Shuai, who entered the main draw on a wildcard, won the singles title.

2016 WTA Tour
The 2016 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2016 tennis season. The 2016 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2016 calendar is the Summer Olympic Games and Hopman Cup, which were organized by the ITF and did not distribute ranking points.
2018 UCI World Tour
The 2018 UCI World Tour was a competition that included thirty-seven road cycling events throughout the 2018 men's cycling season. It was the tenth and final edition of the ranking system launched by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in 2009. The competition began with the opening stage of the Tour Down Under on 16 January and concluded with the final stage of the Tour of Guangxi on 21 October. Belgium's Greg Van Avermaet was the defending champion.

2018 Tour of Guangxi
The 2018 Tour of Guangxi was a road cycling stage race that took place between 16 and 21 October 2018 in China. It was the 2nd edition of the Tour of Guangxi and the thirty-seventh event of the 2018 UCI World Tour. It was won by Gianni Moscon of Team Sky.
Plasmodium lucens
Plasmodium lucens is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Novyella. As in all Plasmodium species, P. lucens has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds.

Novyella
Novyella is a subgenus of the genus Plasmodium - all of which are parasites. The subgenus was created in 1963 by Corradetti et al. Species in this subgenus infect birds. It unites the avian malaria parasites with small erythrocytic meronts and elongated gametocytes.
Charoset
Charoset is a sweet, dark-colored mixture of finely chopped fruits and nuts eaten at the Passover Seder.  According to the Talmud, its color and texture are meant to recall mortar (or mud used to make adobe bricks), which the Israelites used during their  enslavement in Ancient Egypt, as mentioned in Tractate Pesahim 116a of the Talmud.  The word comes from the Hebrew word for clay (Hebrew: חֶרֶס, romanized: ḥéres).

Charoset is one of the symbolic foods on the Passover Seder plate. After reciting the blessings, and eating first maror dipped in charoset and then a matzah "Hillel sandwich" (with two matzot) combining charoset and maror, people often eat the remainder spread on matzah.

Passover Seder plate
The Passover Seder plate (Hebrew: קערה, ke'ara) is a special plate containing symbolic foods eaten or displayed at the Passover Seder. It is used to show all the symbolic foods that are used for the Passover Seder.
Mindset List
The Mindset List is an annual compilation of the experiences that shape the worldview (or “mindset”) of students about 18 years old and entering college and, to a lesser extent, adulthood. It was published by Beloit College in Beloit, Wisconsin from 1998 to 2018, when it moved to the auspices of Marist University (then Marist College) in Poughkeepsie, New York.

Beloit College
Beloit College is a private liberal arts college in Beloit, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1846 when Wisconsin was still a territory, it is the state's oldest continuously operated college. It has an enrollment of roughly 1,000 undergraduate students.
Mikoyan MiG-27
The Mikoyan MiG-27 (Russian: Микоян МиГ-27; NATO reporting name: Flogger-D/J) is a variable-sweep ground-attack aircraft, originally built by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau in the Soviet Union and later licence-produced in India by Hindustan Aeronautics as the Bahadur ("Valiant"). It is based on the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 fighter aircraft, but optimised for air-to-ground attack.  Unlike the MiG-23, the MiG-27 did not have widespread use outside the Soviet Union, as most countries opted for the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23BN and Sukhoi Su-22 instead. As of late 2023, all Russian, Indian, Sri Lankan, Ukrainian, and Kazakh MiG-27s have been retired, bringing the type's service to an end.

Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30
The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30 (Russian: Грязев-Шипунов ГШ-6-30) is a Russian 30 mm rotary cannon aircraft-mounted and naval autocannon used by Soviet and later CIS military aircraft. The GSh-6-30 fires a 30×165mm, 390 g (13+3⁄4 oz) projectile.
John Lindsay
John Vliet Lindsay (/vliːt/; November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician and lawyer. During his political career, Lindsay was a U.S. congressman, the mayor of New York City, and a candidate for U.S. president. He was also a regular guest host of Good Morning America. Lindsay served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from January 1959 to December 1965 and as mayor of New York from January 1966 to December 1973.

In 1971, during his second term as mayor, Lindsay switched from the Republican to the Democratic Party. That same year, he launched a brief and unsuccessful bid for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination. He made an unsuccessful bid to become the Democratic candidate in the 1980 U.S. Senate election in New York.

Liberal Party of New York
The Liberal Party of New York is a political party in New York. Its platform supports a standard set of socially liberal policies, including abortion rights, increased spending on education, and universal health care.
Psych (film series)
Psych  is a series of comedy-drama mystery films, based on and serving as a continuation of the USA Network television series of the same name. Beginning with the 2017 film Psych: The Movie, the series has seen favorable critical reception  with the Peacock streaming service ordering all films succeeding the first.

The first sequel, Psych 2: Lassie Come Home, was released in 2020, with the third film, Psych 3: This Is Gus, following in 2021. Three further films are in development.

James Roday Rodriguez
James Roday Rodriguez (born James David Rodriguez; April 4, 1976) is an American actor, director, and screenwriter. He is best known for portraying Shawn Spencer, a hyper-observant consultant detective and fake psychic, in USA Network series Psych and the subsequent Psych film series. He also starred in A Million Little Things which debuted in 2018, playing Javier "Gary" Mendez.
Ubauro Tehsil
Ubauro Tehsil is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Ghotki District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is administratively subdivided into eight Union Councils, one of which form the capital Ubauro.

Ghotki District
Ghotki District (Sindhi: ضِلعو گھوٽڪي; Urdu: ضلع گھوٹکی) is a district of the province of Sindh, Pakistan, with headquarter in the city of Mirpur Mathelo. Prior to its establishment as a district in 1993, it formed part of Sukkur District.
Rodolphe Barrangou
Rodolphe Barrangou is the Todd R. Klaenhammer Distinguished Professor in Probiotics Research in the Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences at North Carolina State University; Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer of CRISPR Biotechnologies; Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Ancilia Biosciences; Co-Founder, President and Chief Scientific Officer of TreeCo; and Co-Founder and member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Intellia Therapeutics. His research focuses on CRISPR-Cas9 in bacteria.

In 2017, Barrangou was named Editor-in-Chief of The CRISPR Journal, a peer-reviewed journal covering the field of genome editing and CRISPR research, which debuted in February 2018.

He was elected as a member into the National Academy of Sciences in 2018. He was also elected into the National Academy of Engineering in 2019 for the discovery of CRISPR-Cas genome editing and engineering microbes, plants, and animals for food and other applications.

The CRISPR Journal
The CRISPR Journal is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Mary Ann Liebert. It covers research on all aspects of CRISPR research, including its uses in synthetic biology and genome editing. The editor-in-chief is Rodolphe Barrangou. The journal was established in 2018.