hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
155 mm Creusot Long Tom
The 155 mm Creusot Long Tom was a French siege gun (artillery piece) manufactured by Schneider et Cie in Le Creusot, France and used by the Boers in the Second Boer War as field guns.: p. 164

Four guns, along with 4,000 common shells, 4,000 shrapnel shells and 800 case shot were purchased by the South African Republic (informally known as the Transvaal) in 1897. The guns were emplaced in four forts around the country's capital, Pretoria.

Battle of Bergendal
The Battle of Berg-en-dal (also known as the Battle of Belfast or Battle of Dalmanutha) took place in South Africa during the Second Anglo-Boer War.

The battle was the last set-piece battle of the war, although the war was still to last another two years. It was also the last time that the Boers' four 155 mm Creusot Long Tom guns were used in the same battle.
Omo National Park
Omo National Park is a national park in Ethiopia founded in 1980. Located in the South Ethiopia Regional State on the west bank of the Omo River, the park covers approximately 4,068 square kilometers, about 870 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa; across the Omo is the Mago National Park and the Tama Wildlife Reserve. Although an airstrip was recently built near the park headquarters on the Mui River, this park is not easily reachable; the Lonely Planet guide Ethiopia and Eritrea describes Omo National Park as "Ethiopia's most remote park."

Omo River
The Omo River (Amharic: ኦሞ ወንዝ, romanized: Omo Wenz; also called Omo-Bottego) in southern Ethiopia is the largest Ethiopian river outside the Nile Basin. Its course is entirely contained within the boundaries of Ethiopia, and it empties into Lake Turkana on the border with Kenya. The river is the principal stream of an endorheic drainage basin, the Turkana Basin.

The river basin is famous for its large number of early hominid fossils and archeological findings such as early stone tools, leading to its inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1980.
Rheinmetall Automotive
Rheinmetall Automotive (formerly KSPG and Kolbenschmidt Pierburg) was the Automotive sector of the parent group Rheinmetall. 
The company emerged in 1997 through the merger of KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH, Neckarsulm, and Pierburg GmbH, Neuss. 
Hence, at its various traditional locations the company is commonly known as Kolbenschmidt or Pierburg. In 2019, 40 production plants in Europe, the Americas, Japan, India and China employed a total workforce of around 11,000. Products were developed in cooperation with international auto manufacturers. Rheinmetall Automotive ranked among the 100 biggest auto industry suppliers worldwide and was an important partner to the industry for such products as exhaust gas recirculation systems, secondary-air systems, coolant pumps, and pistons for car gasoline engines and as well as for the commercial vehicle sector.

Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall AG (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnmeˌtal]) is a German automotive and arms manufacturer, headquartered in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The group was promoted to the DAX, Germany's leading stock market index, in March 2023. It is the largest German and fifth-largest European arms manufacturer, and produces a variety of armored fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, in both wheeled and tracked versions, as well as warships through Blohm+Voss. It also manufactures artillery, air defense systems, anti-tank weapons and ammunition. Its name is derived from the German-language words Rhein and Metall, translating to "Rhine-metal" when combined.
Always Fresh
Always Fresh: The Untold Story of Tim Hortons by the Man Who Created a Canadian Empire is an autobiography of Tim Hortons written by Ron Joyce. It covers the time from the inception as a single coffee shop until his retirement from the company, which grew into a large fast-food franchise.

Ron Joyce
Ronald Vaughan Joyce, CM (October 19, 1930 – January 31, 2019) was a Canadian entrepreneur and billionaire. He was an early investor in the Tim Hortons doughnut chain as Tim Horton's first franchisee in 1967.

After the death of Tim Horton, Ron Joyce was instrumental in establishing the Tim Horton Children's Camps and the Tim Horton Children's Foundation. He received many awards and honours for his success in business and his extensive philanthropy. He was named as a member of the Order of Canada in 1992 in recognition of his dedication to underprivileged children and youth.
Paramaatma
Paramaatma is a 1994 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Bapu, starring Mithun Chakraborty (in Double Role), Juhi Chawla, Amrish Puri in pivotal roles. The film was released under the Banner of Shri Siddhi Vinayaka International. It is a remake of Bapu's 1969 Telugu film Buddhimantudu.

Buddhimantudu
Buddhimantudu            (transl. Good Boy) is a 1969 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by Bapu. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Vijaya Nirmala, Sobhan Babu and Krishnam Raju, with music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. The film was remade in Tamil as Manidhanum Dheivamagalam (1975) and in Hindi by the same director as Paramaatma (1994).
PalmarèsADISQ par Stingray
PalmarèsADISQ par Stingray is a Canadian French language specialty television channel owned by Stingray Group. The channel is a partnership between Stingray and Palmarès ADISQ, a website run by the Association québécoise de l'industrie du disque, du spectacle et de la video (ASDISQ)—a non-profit organization representing independent Quebecois musicians.

The channel primarily broadcasts music videos for French-language songs from Canadian and international musicians, as well as English-language music videos from Quebecois musicians. The channel broadcasts a variety of music genres including pop, rock, hip-hop, and indie from both past and present decades.

Stingray Group
Stingray Group Inc. (formerly Stingray Digital and Stingray Digital Group) is a Canadian music, media and technology company based in Montreal, Quebec, with offices in Toronto, Ontario, as well as in the United States, Mexico, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany  and Australia. The company was established in 2007 by Eric Boyko and owned by Boyko Investements Corporation.

The company is primarily involved in digital audio services targeting consumer and business-to-business markets, including internet radio, over-the-top and music television channels, DTV radio, and business audio and advertising services. Through its Stingray Radio division (the former Newcap Broadcasting), it is the largest owner of terrestrial radio stations in Canada.
Pseudorandom generator theorem
In computational complexity theory and cryptography, the existence of pseudorandom generators is related to the existence of one-way functions through a number of theorems, collectively referred to as the pseudorandom generator theorem.

Pseudorandom generator
In theoretical computer science and cryptography, a pseudorandom generator (PRG) for a class of statistical tests is a deterministic procedure that maps a random seed to a longer pseudorandom string such that no statistical test in the class can distinguish between the output of the generator and the uniform distribution. The random seed itself is typically a short binary string drawn from the uniform distribution.

Many different classes of statistical tests have been considered in the literature, among them the class of all Boolean circuits of a given size.
It is not known whether good pseudorandom generators for this class exist, but it is known that their existence is in a certain sense equivalent to (unproven) circuit lower bounds in computational complexity theory.
Hence the construction of pseudorandom generators for the class of Boolean circuits of a given size rests on currently unproven hardness assumptions.
Kvaløysletta
Kvaløysletta is an urban neighborhood within the city of Tromsø which is part of Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The neighborhood is located on the eastern shore of the island of Kvaløya, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of the city centre of Tromsø. The residential area is located just across the Sandnessund Bridge from the island of Tromsøya where the city centre is located.  The 3.23-square-kilometre (800-acre) neighborhood has a population (2023) of 8,868 and a population density of 2,746 inhabitants per square kilometre (7,110/sq mi).

This was a rural area with just a few farms along the shoreline until the opening of the Sandnessund Bridge in 1974. Since then, the area has grown rapidly, and now includes several schools, kindergartens, shops, and restaurants.  The built-up areas have now grown so far south-west that it now extends seamlessly into the next settlement, Kaldfjord.

Kvaløya (Tromsø)
Kvaløya (Norwegian; lit. 'Whale Island') or Sállir (Northern Sami) is an island in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. At 737 square kilometres (285 sq mi), it is the fifth largest island in mainland Norway. It is connected to the neighboring island of Tromsøya to the east by the Sandnessund Bridge, to the island of Ringvassøya to the north by the sub-sea Kvalsund Tunnel, to the small island of Sommarøya to the west by the Sommarøy Bridge, and to the mainland to the south by the Rya Tunnel. The island of Sommarøy, on the southwest coast, is a popular recreation area with magnificent coastal scenery.
Serre Chevalier
Serre Chevalier (French pronunciation: [sɛʁ ʃəvalje]) is a major ski resort in Southeastern France, near the Italian border, located in the Hautes-Alpes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Situated to the northeast of Écrins National Park in the French Alps, the resort encompasses a large skiing area, with 250 km (155 mi) of slopes and favourable weather, boasting 300 days of sunshine a year. In Serre Chevalier, 80 km (50 mi) of the slopes are covered by snow cannons to supplement natural snowfall. The resort is owned by Compagnie des Alpes.

Serre Chevalier consists of the city of Briançon, the villages of Chantemerle in Saint-Chaffrey and Villeneuve in La Salle-les-Alpes, as well as Le Monêtier-les-Bains. World Cup champion ski racer Luc Alphand was born and lives in the valley below the resort.

Briançon
Briançon (French: [bʁijɑ̃sɔ̃] ⓘ, Occitan: [bɾjanˈsun]) is the sole subprefecture of the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. It is the highest city in France at an altitude of 1,326 metres (4,350 feet), based on the national definition as a community containing more than 2,000 inhabitants. It has about 11,000 inhabitants.

Briançon has been part of the Fortifications of Vauban UNESCO World Heritage Sites since they were established in 2008.
Saurashtra kingdom
Saurashtra kingdom was one of the kingdom among the many kingdoms ruled by Yadava kings in the central and western India. Other kingdoms in this group include Chedi kingdom, Dasarna kingdom, Surasena kingdom or Vraja kingdom, Karusha kingdom, Kunti kingdom, Avanti kingdom, Malava kingdom, Gurjara kingdom, Anarta kingdom,  Dwaraka kingdom, Heheya kingdom and Vidarbha kingdom.

It is roughly the southern Gujarat including the peninsular region. The name Surat, a modern city of Gujarat, is derived from the name Saurashtra.

The peninsular region forming the southern Gujarat is still known as Saurashtra.

Haihaya kingdom
In the Mahabharata epic, the Haihaya kingdom (also spelled Heheya, Haihaya, Haiheya, Heiheya, etc.) is one of the kingdoms ruled by Chandravanshi (Yadava) kings in central and western India. It was ruled by Kartavirya Arjuna, who defeated Ravana. Its capital was Mahishmati on the banks of river Narmada in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Talajangha was an allied kingdom to the east of Heheya. They conquered many other kingdoms of India until enmity with the warrior Bhargavas resulted in their demise. Parasurama was the Bhargava leader who ended the kingdom.
Stanford Graduate School of Business
The Stanford Graduate School of Business  is the graduate business school of Stanford University, a private research university in Stanford, California. For several years it has been the most selective business school in the United States, admitting only about 6% of applicants. It is part of the M7 group of business schools recognized as having strong MBA programs, that are often highly-ranked in US MBA rankings.

Stanford GSB offers a general management Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree, the MSx Program (MS in Management for mid-career executives), Stanford LEAD Online Business Program and a PhD program, along with joint degrees with other schools at Stanford, including Earth Sciences, Education, Engineering, Law, and Medicine.

Stanford University Graduate School of Education
The Stanford University Graduate School of Education (Stanford GSE or GSE) is one of the top education schools in the United States. It offers master's and doctoral programs in more than 25 areas of specialization, along with joint degrees with other programs at Stanford University including business, law, and public policy. The current dean of Stanford GSE (since 2015) is Daniel L. Schwartz.
Lillian Thomas
Lillian Thomas (born 1949) was a city councillor in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada from 1989 until her retirement in 2010. She served on the council initially for Elmwood, and later for its successor ward of Elmwood-East Kildonan Ward.

Dan Vandal
Daniel Vandal PC (born April 18, 1960) is a Canadian politician. He represented St. Boniface on the Winnipeg City Council from 1995 to 2004 and from 2006 to 2014, and ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Winnipeg in 2004, coming in second to Sam Katz. He briefly served as acting mayor of Winnipeg following Glen Murray's resignation. On October 19, 2015, he was elected as the member of Parliament for Saint Boniface—Saint Vital in the House of Commons of Canada. He is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada and served as the Federal Minister of Northern Affairs in Justin Trudeau's cabinet. On October 26, 2021, he was also named Minister responsible for the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency and Minister responsible for the Prairies Economic Development Agency of Canada, positions he held until 2024. He did not seek re-election in 2025.
Happy Xmas (War Is Over)
"Happy Xmas (War Is Over)" is a Christmas song released in 1971 as a single by the Plastic Ono Band with the Harlem Community Choir. It was the seventh single released by John Lennon outside his work with the Beatles. The song reached number four in the United Kingdom, where its release was delayed until November 1972, and has occasionally re-emerged on the UK singles chart, most notably following Lennon's murder in December 1980, when it peaked at number two.

A protest song against United States involvement in the Vietnam War, "Happy Xmas (War Is Over)" has since become a Christmas standard, frequently recorded by other artists, appearing on compilation albums of seasonal music, and named in polls as a holiday favourite. In a UK-wide poll in December 2012, it was voted tenth on the ITV television special The Nation's Favourite Christmas Song.

The War Is Over (Phil Ochs song)
"The War Is Over" is an anti-war song by Phil Ochs, an American protest singer in the 1960s and early 1970s. Ochs was famous for harshly criticizing the Vietnam War and the American military-industrial establishment. The song, which was originally released on Tape from California (1968), has been described as "one of the most potent anti-war songs of the 1960s".

One of Ochs' biographers wrote that "The War Is Over" is his "greatest act of bravery as a topical songwriter".
Yūki Ono
Yūki Ono (小野 友樹, Ono Yūki; born June 22, 1984) is a Japanese voice actor and singer.  He was represented by Atomic Monkey and is now a freelancer. His major roles are Josuke Higashikata in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Is Unbreakable, Taiga Kagami in Kuroko's Basketball, Zenkichi Hitoyoshi in Medaka Box, Kaname Tsukahara in Kimi to Boku, Masayuki Hori in Monthly Girls' Nozaki-kun, Jun Isashiki in Ace of Diamond and Ultraman Belial in the recurring Ultraman Series.

Twittering Birds Never Fly
Twittering Birds Never Fly (Japanese: 囀る鳥は羽ばたかない, Hepburn: Saezuru Tori wa Habatakanai) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kou Yoneda. A sequel to Yoneda's previous one-shot stories Don't Stay Gold (2008) and Though They Drift, They Do Not Sink, But Nor Do They Sing (2009), it has been serialized in the boys' love (BL) manga magazine ihr HertZ, formerly known as HertZ, since August 2011. The manga was adapted into an anime film trilogy produced by Blue Lynx and animated by Grizzly beginning in 2020. It also inspired an original animation DVD (OAD) adaptation of Don't Stay Gold and an ongoing audio drama produced by Frontier Works.
Bang Bang Bang (Bad Boys Blue album)
Bang Bang Bang is the eleventh studio album by German band Bad Boys Blue. It was released on 20 June 1996 by Intercord. The record includes two singles: "Hold You in My Arms" and "Anywhere". Bonus tracks "Don’t Be So Shy" and "Family Beat" were featured in the US edition of the previous album, To Blue Horizons.

To Blue Horizons
To Blue Horizons is the tenth studio album by German band Bad Boys Blue. It was released on 26 March 1994 by Intercord. Three singles were also released. The record includes two international hits: "Go Go (Love Overload)" and "Luv 4 U".
Daniel Pina Cabral
Daniel Pereira dos Santos de Pina Cabral (Vila Nova de Gaia, 27 January 1924 – Porto, 23 June 2008) was a Portuguese Anglican bishop. He was the ninth Bishop of Lebombo, Mozambique, from 1968 to 1976. He was educated at the University of Lisbon and ordained in 1949.

Diocese of Lebombo
The Diocese of Lebombo (pt. Diocese Anglicana dos Libombos) is a diocese in the Anglican Church of Mozambique and Angola. It is one of the three Anglican dioceses of Mozambique. This diocese is the most southerly of the three, the others being the Diocese of Niassa and the Diocese of Nampula.
Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa (previously named the Orange Free State Provincial Division and the Free State High Court, and commonly known as the Bloemfontein High Court) is a superior court of law with general jurisdiction over the Free State province of South Africa. The division sits at Bloemfontein.

High Court of South Africa
The High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law in South Africa. It is divided into nine provincial divisions, some of which sit in more than one location. Each High Court division has general jurisdiction over a defined geographical area in which it is situated. The decisions of a division are binding on magistrates' courts within its area of jurisdiction. The High Court has jurisdiction over all matters, but it usually only hears civil matters involving more than 400,000 rand, and serious criminal cases. It also hears appeals or reviews from magistrates' courts and other lower courts.

The court and its divisions are constituted in their current form by the Superior Courts Act, 2013. They replaced the previous separate High Courts, which had in 1997 replaced the provincial and local divisions of the former Supreme Court of South Africa and the supreme courts of the TBVC states ("Bantustans" created by the apartheid government in the 1950s).
Mount Dodo
Mount Dodo (百々ヶ峰, Dodo-ga-mine), or Mount Dodogamine, is located in the northern part of the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan it is 417.9 m (1,371 ft) in height, making it the tallest mountain in the city. The mountain's small valley includes Matsuo Pond and Hagi Falls.

Gifu
Gifu (岐阜市, Gifu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡʲi.ɸɯ, ɡʲi.ɸɯ̥ꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in the south-central portion of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and serves as the prefectural capital. The city has played an important strategic role in Japan's history because of its location in the middle of the country. During the Sengoku period, various warlords used the area as a base in their efforts to unify and control Japan. Among them, Oda Nobunaga, who gave the region the name it is known by today. Gifu continued to flourish even after Japan's unification as both an important shukuba along the Edo period Nakasendō and, later, as one of Japan's fashion centers. It has been designated a core city by the national government. The city is a part of the Chūkyō metropolitan area, centered around Nagoya.
Iyasu II
Iyasu II  (Ge'ez: ኢያሱ; 21 October 1723 – 27 June 1755), throne name Alem Sagad (Ge'ez: ዓለም ሰገድ), was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1730 to 1755, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the son of Emperor Bakaffa and Empress Mentewab (also known by her baptismal name of Welete Giyorgis).

The Empress Mentewab played a major role in Iyasu's reign, perhaps against her will. Shortly after he was proclaimed Emperor, a rival claimant assaulted the Royal Enclosure for eight days, only leaving the capital Gondar when an army of 30,000 from Gojjam appeared. Although the rebels failed to penetrate its walls, much of Gondar was left in ruins. Instead of taking the title of regent upon the succession of her underage son, Empress Mentewab had herself crowned as co-ruler, becoming the first woman to be crowned in this manner in Ethiopian history.  Empress Mentewab wielded significant authority throughout the reign of her son, and well into the reign of her grandson as well.

Funj Sultanate
The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar after its capital of Sennar, or Blue Sultanate was a kingdom in what is now Sudan, northwestern Eritrea and western Ethiopia. Founded in 1504 by the Funj people, it quickly converted to Islam, although this conversion was only nominal. Until a more orthodox form of Islam took hold in the 18th century, the state remained an "African empire with a Muslim façade", coming to rule over an ethnically diverse population.

At its greatest extent the polity extended from the Third Cataract southwards to the Ethiopian Highlands and Sobat River, east to the Red Sea, and west to Kordofan and the Nuba Mountains. It reached its peak in the late 17th century, but declined and eventually fell apart in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1821, the last sultan, greatly reduced in power, surrendered to the Turco-Egyptian conquest without resistance.
Serbian epic poetry
Serbian epic poetry (Serbian: Српске епске народне песме, romanized: Srpske epske narodne pesme) is a form of epic poetry created by Serbs originating in today's Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The main cycles were composed by unknown Serb authors between the 14th and 19th centuries. They are largely concerned with historical events and personages. The instrument accompanying the epic poetry is the gusle.

Serbian epic poetry helped in developing the Serbian national consciousness. The cycles of Prince Marko, the Hajduks and Uskoks inspired the Serbs to restore freedom and their heroic past. The Hajduks in particular, are seen as an integral part of national identity; in stories, the hajduks were heroes: they had played the role of the Serbian elite during Ottoman rule, they had defended the Serbs against Ottoman oppression, and prepared for the national liberation and contributed to it in the Serbian Revolution.

Vratko Nemanjić
Vratko Nemanjić (Serbian Cyrillic: Вратко Немањић; fl. 1325–1355) was a Serbian nobleman, father of Prince Lazar's spouse Princess Milica of Serbia. Serbian epic poetry identifies him with Jug Bogdan (Југ Богдан, "South Bogdan") or Ljutica Bogdan (Љутица Богдан, "Irate Bogdan"), a mythical hero in the Battle of Kosovo.