hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Awqa Pallqa
Awqa Pallqa (Aymara and Quechua awqa enemy, pallqa bifurcation, "enemy's bifurcation", also spelled Aucapallca) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru which reaches an altitude of approximately 5,000 metres (16,404 ft). It is located in the Lima Region, Huarochirí Province, Carampoma District. Awqa Pallqa lies west of Wamanripayuq.

Wamanripayuq (Lima)
Wamanripayuq (Quechua wamanripa Senecio, -yuq a suffix, "the one with the wamanripa", also spelled Huamanripayoc) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru which reaches an altitude of approximately 5,000 metres (16,404 ft). It is located in the Lima Region, Huarochirí Province, Carampoma District. Wamanripayuq lies east of Awqa Pallqa.
Johnnie To
Johnnie To Kei-fung (born 22 April 1955) is a Hong Kong filmmaker. A prolific and versatile filmmaker, To is best known for his action and crime movies, including The Mission (1999), PTU (2003), Breaking News (2004), Election (2005), Election 2 and Exiled (both 2006), and Drug War (2012).

His films, often made in collaboration with the same group of actors, screenwriters and cinematographers, frequently explore themes of friendship, fate and the changing face of Hong Kong society. To co-founded the production company Milkyway Image with his frequent co-director Wai Ka-fai.

Breaking News (2004 film)
Breaking News (Chinese: 大事件) is a 2004 Hong Kong action film produced and directed by Johnnie To, and starring Richie Jen, Kelly Chen, and Nick Cheung. The film premiered out of competition at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival.
RE/MAX Field
RE/MAX Field (formerly Edmonton Ballpark, and Telus Field) is a baseball stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It has been home to several minor league baseball clubs; its last affiliated tenant was the Edmonton Trappers, a AAA Pacific Coast League club. It was also home to the Edmonton Capitals, an independent team that has been inactive since 2011. The Edmonton Prospects of the Western Canadian Baseball League (WCBL) were the main tenant from 2012 to 2019. The ballpark was mostly unused in 2020 and 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the Edmonton Riverhawks of the West Coast League have been the main tenants since 2022. The facility is in the North Saskatchewan River Valley, in the neighbourhood of Rossdale.

Edmonton Riverhawks
The Edmonton Riverhawks are a collegiate summer baseball team. The Riverhawks are members of the West Coast League and play their home games at RE/MAX Field.

The Riverhawks were founded in 2020 as an expansion team but did not play until 2022 due to COVID restrictions. The Riverhawks clinched their first winning season and playoff berth in 2024.
Artistic language
An artistic language, or artlang, is a constructed language designed for aesthetic and phonetic pleasure. Constructed languages can be artistic to the extent that artists use it as a source of creativity in art, poetry, calligraphy or as a metaphor to address themes such as cultural diversity and the vulnerability of the individual in a globalizing world. They can also be used to test linguistical theories, such as Linguistic relativity.

Unlike engineered languages or auxiliary languages, artistic languages often have irregular grammar systems, much like natural languages.  Many are designed within the context of fictional worlds, such as J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth.  Others can represent fictional languages in a world not patently different from the real world, or have no particular fictional background attached.

Constructed language
A constructed language is a language for communication between humans (i.e. not with or between computers) which, unlike most languages that naturally emerge from human interaction, is intentionally devised by a person or group for a particular purpose. The term constructed language is often shortened to conlang and, as a relatively broad term, it encompasses subcategories including: fictional, artificial, engineered, planned and invented languages. Conlangs may include aspects reminiscent of natural language including phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary. Interlinguistics includes the study of constructed languages.
Richard Gottehrer
Richard Gottehrer (born June 12, 1940) is an American songwriter, record producer and record label executive.

His career began as a Brill Building songwriter in the 1960s. His first number one record as a songwriter and producer was "My Boyfriend's Back" by the Angels, followed by other hits like "Hang On Sloopy" by the McCoys and "I Want Candy" by the Strangeloves, of which the latter Gottehrer was a member. In 1966, he formed Sire Records with Seymour Stein. His career continued as producer for the Go-Go's' 1981 debut album, Dr. Feelgood, Richard Hell, the Bongos and Moonpools & Caterpillars' first release with a major label, 1995's Lucky Dumpling. In 1997, he co-founded The Orchard with business partner Scott Cohen, an independent music distribution company.

My Boyfriend's Back (song)
"My Boyfriend's Back" is a song by the American girl group, the Angels. It was written by the songwriting team of Bob Feldman, Jerry Goldstein and Richard Gottehrer (a.k.a. FGG Productions who later formed the group the Strangeloves) and released as a single on July 1, 1963. The track was originally intended as a demo for the Shirelles, but ended up being released as recorded. The single spent three weeks at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and reached No. 2 on the R&B Billboard.
Unrelated
Unrelated is a 2007 British drama film written and directed by Joanna Hogg, starring Kathryn Worth, Tom Hiddleston (in his feature film debut), Mary Roscoe, David Rintoul and Henry Lloyd-Hughes. It was released in the US on 20 February 2008.

Joanna Hogg
Joanna Hogg (born 20 March 1960) is a British film director and screenwriter. She made her directorial and screenwriting feature film debut in 2007 with Unrelated followed by Archipelago (2010), Exhibition (2013), The Souvenir (2019), The Souvenir Part II (2021), and The Eternal Daughter (2022). Two of her films topped the Sight & Sound annual poll for best film in their respective years, receiving nominations at the British Independent Film Awards, the Independent Spirit Awards and at the Berlin International Film Festival.
Peta Murgatroyd
Peta Jane Murgatroyd (born 14 July 1986) is an Australian and American professional Latin dancer. She performed in the international tour of the dance production Burn the Floor, including its Broadway run. She is best known for her appearances on the American edition of Dancing with the Stars, which she and her partners have won twice.

Burn the Floor
Burn the Floor is a live dance show which has performed around the world, including on Broadway in New York City and the West End in London. Since 1997, Burn the Floor has performed in over 130 countries worldwide. The show has also featured several alumni of various international versions of Strictly Come Dancing and So You Think You Can Dance.
Alfred Gaby
Alfred Edward Gaby, VC (25 January 1892 – 11 August 1918) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Born in Tasmania, Gaby worked as a farmer and then a labourer before enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force in 1916 and volunteering to serve overseas. Serving initially in the ranks, Gaby was quickly promoted, having previously served as a part-time soldier before the war, and was commissioned in 1917. He was one of 64 Australians to receive the award for their actions during the First World War, receiving it for his actions during an attack around Villers-Bretonneux in France during the Battle of Amiens that took place at the start of the Allied Hundred Days Offensive. He was killed three days later, at the age of 26, while leading another attack around Lihons.

Battle of Amiens (1918)
The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy  was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately led to the end of World War I. Allied forces advanced over 11 kilometres (7 mi) on the first day, one of the greatest advances of the war, with Gen Henry Rawlinson's British Fourth Army, with nine of its 19 divisions supplied by the fast-moving Australian Corps of Lt General John Monash and Canadian Corps of Lt General Arthur Currie, and Gen Marie Eugène Debeney's French First Army playing a decisive role. The battle is also notable for its effects on both sides' morale and the large number of surrendering German forces. This led Erich Ludendorff to later describe the first day of the battle as "the black day of the German Army". Amiens was one of the first major battles involving armoured warfare.
Change of Heart (1928 film)
Change of Heart (French: Mon coeur au ralenti) is a 1928 French silent drama film directed by Marco de Gastyne and starring Philippe Hériat, Annette Benson and Olaf Fjord. It is based on the novel Mon coeur au ralenti by the French writer Maurice Dekobra.

Philippe Hériat
Raymond Gérard Payelle (15 September 1898 – 10 October 1971), better known by his pseudonym Philippe Hériat, was a French novelist, playwright and actor. His most famous novels included Les Enfantes gâtés (The Spoiled Children), awarded the Prix Goncourt in 1939, and La Famille Boussardel, which won the Académie Goncourt in 1949.
Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
The Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) is the UK's chartered professional body for mathematicians and one of the UK's learned societies for mathematics (another being the London Mathematical Society).

The IMA aims to advance mathematics and its applications, promote and foster research and other enquiries directed the advancement, teaching and application of mathematics, to seek to establish and maintain high standards of professional conduct for members and to seek to promote, encourage and guide the development of education and training in mathematics.

Council for the Mathematical Sciences
The Council for the Mathematical Sciences (CMS) is an organisation that represents all types of British mathematicians at a national level. It is not a professional institution, but a collaboration of them.
Domestic Airlines
Domestic Airlines (Arabic: طيران الطاسيلي) formerly Tassili Airlines, is an Algerian passenger airline based in Algiers. Following a strategic restructuring in 2025, it operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of Air Algérie, the national flag carrier.

Originally founded in 1998 to serve the Algerian oil industry, operating charter and shuttle services domestically and internationally. The airline eventually transitioned to a scheduled carrier. Following its acquisition by Air Algérie in June 2025, it was rebranded as Domestic Airlines to serve as the group's regional and domestic specialist arm.

Sonatrach
Sonatrach (Arabic: سوناطراك) is the national state-owned oil company of Algeria. Founded in 1963, it is known today to be the largest company in Africa with 154 subsidiaries, and often referred as the first African oil "major". In 2021, Sonatrach was the seventh largest gas company in the world.
SeeYa
SeeYa (Hangul: 씨야) was a South Korean girl group originally made up of Kim Yeon-ji, Lee Bo-ram, and Nam Gyu-ri. When the group debuted in 2006, they were marketed as the female version of SG Wannabe. SeeYa were known for their 2007 hit song "Love's Greetings", and won Best Female Group at the Mnet Asian Music Awards that same year. In 2009, Nam Gyu-ri left the group to pursue a solo career and Lee Soo-mi replaced her for only one year. The group later remained as a duo with Kim Yeon-ji and Lee Bo-ram prior to disbandment in 2011.

Nam Gyu-ri
Nam Gyu-ri (Korean: 남규리; born April 26, 1985) is a South Korean actress and singer. She was the leader of the Korean female trio SeeYa. In 2009, Nam Gyu-ri had a contract dispute with the group's management company and left the group. Nam has also acted, most notably in the film Death Bell and the drama 49 Days.
Ma Tante River
The Ma Tante River is a tributary of the Franquelin River, flowing in the township of Franquelin, in the municipality of Franquelin, in the Manicouagan Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this valley; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of this Middle North Shore river is usually frozen from the beginning of November to the end of April, except the rapids; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally from late November to early April.

Franquelin, Quebec
Franquelin (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]) is a municipality in Quebec, Canada, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord in RCM Manicouagan.  Its population is 285 people over 430 square kilometres. Franquelin was founded at the foot of Massifs rocks of the Laurentians where impressive cliffs plunge to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
Nette (Alme)
The Nette (German pronunciation: [ˈnɛtə] ⓘ) is a 10,36km long river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is a right tributary of the river Alme near Harth. During its course it experiences an elevation change of 141 m.

Alme (river)
The Alme (German pronunciation: [ˈalmə] ⓘ) is a 59-kilometre (37 mi) long river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Lippe, into which it flows near Paderborn. The Alme defines the Alme Valley and flows through the towns Büren, Borchen and Paderborn.
John Constable
John Constable RA (/ˈkʌnstəbəl, ˈkɒn-/; 11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English landscape painter in the Romantic tradition. Born in Suffolk, he is known principally for revolutionising the genre of landscape painting with his pictures of Dedham Vale, the area on the borderland of Suffolk and north Essex surrounding his home – now known as "Constable Country" – which he invested with an intensity of affection. "I should paint my own places best", he wrote to his friend John Fisher in 1821, "painting is but another word for feeling".

Constable's most famous paintings include Wivenhoe Park (1816), Dedham Vale (1828) and The Hay Wain (1821). Although his paintings are now among the most popular and valuable in British art, he was never financially successful. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts at the age of 52. His work was embraced in France, where he sold more than in his native England and inspired the Barbizon school.

Charles Golding Constable
Charles Golding Constable (29 March 1821 – 18 March 1878) was an Indian Navy officer who joined up in his youth. He was the second son of the painter John Constable and, on his elder brother John Charles's death in 1841, became head of the Constable family.

He oversaw the splitting-up of his father's studio collection in winter 1847/48. On his death in 1878 he was buried alongside John Charles and their parents in the family tomb at St John-at-Hampstead, Hampstead.

He was the only one of John Constable's children to have issue.
Tormod
Tormod is a masculine Norwegian and Scottish Gaelic given name. The Norwegian name is derived from the Old Norse personal name Þórmóðr. This name is composed of two elements: Þorr, the name of the Norse god of thunder; and móðr, meaning "mind", "courage". The Gaelic name is derived from the Old Norse personal names Þórmóðr and Þormundr. A variant of the Norwegian name is Thormod. An Anglicised form of the Scottish Gaelic name is Norman. The Irish surname Tormey or Tarmey translate into English as "descendant of Tormach". The name Tormach is a Gaelic derivative of the Old Norse personal name Þórmóðr. Tormey or Tarmey are the anglicised versions of Ó Tormaigh or Ó Tormadha.

Norman (name)
Norman is both a surname and a given name. The surname has multiple origins including English, Irish (in Ulster), Scottish, German, French,  Norwegian, Ashkenazi Jewish, and Jewish American. The given name Norman is mostly of English origin, though in some cases it can be an Anglicised form of a Scottish Gaelic personal name.
Minden, New York
Minden is a town in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 4,166 at the 2020 census. The town is located at the western edge of the county and south of the Mohawk River, which forms its northern border. It possessed a post office from 1802 to 1903.

Canajoharie, New York
Canajoharie (/ˌkænədʒəˈhɛəri/) is a town in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 3,660 as of the 2020 census. Canajoharie is located south of the Mohawk River on the southern border of the county. The Erie Canal passes along the northern town line. The village of Canajoharie is in the northern part of the town. Both are east of Utica and west of Amsterdam.
Marine life of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary
The New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary has a variety of flora and fauna. Much of the harbor originally consisted of tidal marshes that have been dramatically transformed by the development of port facilities.
The estuary itself supports a great variety of thriving estuarine aquatic species; contrary to popular stereotypes, New York Harbor and its adjacent, interdependent waters are very much alive, and steadily recovering from pollution; ecologically it is true that these waters were once dead or extremely toxic but after 45 years of cleaning the estuary is in a much better state than it has been in a hundred years. Tidal flow occurs as far north as Troy, over 150 miles away. The salt front (dilute salt water) can reach Poughkeepsie in drought conditions and is present in the lower reaches of the Raritan River for most of the year.

New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
Lý Thánh Tông
Lý Thánh Tông (19th March 1023 - 1st February 1072), personal name Lý Nhật Tôn [lǐ ɲə̀t ton], temple name Thánh Tông, was the third emperor of the Lý dynasty and the 8th ruler of the Vietnamese dynasty Đại Việt. In his reign, Lý Thánh Tông promoted the agricultural development, reducing some harsh laws and building many Confucianist and Buddhist institutions, most notably the first Temple of Literature in Vietnam (1072). He also fought several successful wars with Champa, resulting in the expansion of Vietnamese territory to the areas which are Quảng Bình Province and Quảng Trị Province today. Chinese sources identify Lý Nhật Tôn as the Viet monarch that dared to
claim imperial status, which for the Chinese was a direct challenge to their view of the world that prelude to the Song-Viet war in 1070s.

Quảng Bình province
Quảng Bình was formerly a southern coastal province in the North Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Hà Tĩnh to the north, Quảng Trị to the south, Khammouane of Laos to the west and the Gulf of Tonkin (South China Sea) to the east.

On June 12, 2025, Quảng Bình was merged into Quảng Trị.
Panare people
The Panare, who call themselves E'ñepá, are an indigenous group of people living in the Amazonian region of Venezuela. Their heartland is located in the Cedeño Municipality, Bolívar State, while a smaller community lives in Northern Amazonas State. They speak the Panare language, which belongs to the Carib family.

While Western culture has had a moderate influence on other tribes of the region, the Panare retain much of their culture and tradition, resembling that of the North American natives in the late 1800s and the early 1900s.

The first ever episode of the long-running ITV anthropological television series Disappearing World, in 1970 focused on these people.

Panare language
Panare is a Cariban language, spoken by the Panare, who number 3,000–4,000 and live in Bolivar State in central Venezuela. Their main area is South of the town of Caicara del Orinoco, south of the Orinoco River. There are several subdialects of the language. The autonym for the people is e'ñapá, which has various senses depending on context, including 'people', 'indigenous-people', and 'Panare-people'. The term for the language is Eʼñapa Woromaipu. The term "Panare" itself is a Tupí word that means "friend." It is unusual in having object–verb–agent as one of its main word orders, the other being the more common verb–agent–object. It also displays the typologically uncommon property of an ergative–absolutive alignment in the non-perfective aspects and a nominative–accusative alignment in perfective aspect.
1971 Pepsi-Cola Masters
The 1971 Masters was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Coubertin Stadium in Paris, France.  It was the 2nd edition of the Masters Grand Prix and was the season-ending event of the 1971 Grand Prix circuit. The tournament consisted of a round robin competition for the seven highest points scorers of the Grand Prix circuit. John Newcombe and Ken Rosewall, players signed to the rival World Championship Circuit but who also took part in several Grand Prix tournaments, had qualified for the event but declined to participate. The tournament was held from 4 December until 12 December 1971 and was won by Ilie Năstase who earned the $15,000 first prize.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Belle Starr (1941 film)
Belle Starr is a 1941 American Western film directed by Irving Cummings and produced by Kenneth Macgowan for 20th Century Fox. It stars Gene Tierney as Belle Starr, alongside Randolph Scott, Dana Andrews, and Shepperd Strudwick. The screenplay by Lamar Trotti is based on a story by Niven Busch and Cameron Rogers, adapted from Rogers's 1927 article and subsequent book Gallant Ladies.

Filmed in Technicolor, the film was the first major Hollywood production to portray the 19th-century outlaw Belle Starr, known for her criminal associations. Production faced casting changes and delays due to Tierney's health issues, but its eventual success contributed to the romanticized cinematic depictions of the Old West.

Niven Busch
Niven Busch (April 26, 1903 – August 25, 1991) was an American novelist and screenwriter of movies such as the acclaimed The Postman Always Rings Twice.  His novels included Duel in the Sun (1944) and California Street (1959).  He was married to actress Teresa Wright for ten years beginning in 1942.
Dream Dad
Dream Dad is a Philippine television drama comedy series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Jeffrey R. Jeturian and Chris Alan Chanliongco, it stars Jana Agoncillo, Zanjoe Marudo and Beauty Gonzalez. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from November 24, 2014 to April 17, 2015, replacing Hawak Kamay and was replaced by Nathaniel.

Nathaniel (TV series)
Nathaniel is a 2015 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Darnel Joy R. Villaflor, Francis Xavier E. Pasion, Manny Q. Palo and Jon S. Villarin, it stars Marco Masa, Gerald Anderson and Shaina Magdayao. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from April 20 to September 25, 2015, replacing Dream Dad and was replaced by FPJ's Ang Probinsyano.