hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radio Netherlands Worldwide
Radio Netherlands (RNW; Dutch: Radio Nederland Wereldomroep) was a public radio and television network based in Hilversum, producing and transmitting programmes for international audiences outside the Netherlands from 1947 to 2012.

Its services in Dutch ended on 11 May 2012. English and Indonesian language services ceased on 29 June 2012 due to steep budget cuts imposed by the Dutch government and a concomitant change in focus. The last programme broadcast on shortwave was a daily half-hour show in Spanish for Cuba named El Toque (The Touch) on 1 August 2014.

Radio Netherlands Worldwide was replaced by RNW Media, a Dutch non-profit promoting free speech and social change internationally.

PCJJ
PCJJ (later known as PCJ) was a pioneering shortwave radio station in the Netherlands operated by Philips Radio on behalf of Philips Laboratories, a division of Philips Electronics. It was the first shortwave radio station in Europe, and the first dedicated shortwave radio station in the world - previous stations had simulcast AM/medium wave broadcasts.
Walter Scott-Elliot
Captain Walter Travers Scott-Elliot (9 October 1895 – 14 December 1977) was a British company director and politician who served one term as a Member of Parliament. He is remembered for the cause of his death: he and his wife were both murdered by Scottish serial killer Archibald Hall, whom they had hired as a butler.

Archibald Hall
Archibald Thomson Hall, also known as Roy Fontaine (17 June 1924 – 16 September 2002) was a Scottish serial killer and thief. Born in Glasgow, Scotland, he became known as the Killer Butler or the Monster Butler after committing crimes while working in service to members of the British aristocracy. At the time of his death, he was the oldest person serving a whole life tariff in prison.
Truman C. Everts
Truman C. Everts (c. 1816 – February 16, 1901) was an American government official and explorer who was the first federal tax assessor for the Montana Territory and a member of the 1870 Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition, which explored the area which later became Yellowstone National Park. He was lost in the wilderness for 37 days during the expedition and a year later wrote about his ordeal for Scribner’s Monthly. Mount Everts in Yellowstone is named after him.

Scribner's Monthly
Scribner's Monthly: An Illustrated Magazine for the People was an illustrated American literary periodical published from 1870 until 1881. Following a change in ownership in 1881 of the company that had produced it, the magazine was relaunched as The Century Magazine.
Sylvirana
Sylvirana is a genus of true frogs, family Ranidae, found in South and East Asia, from northeastern India in west to China in the north, Taiwan in the east, and Thailand in the south. Originally proposed as a subgenus of Rana in 1992, it has been considered both a full genus and a synonym of Hylarana. Its current recognition at generic level stems from molecular genetic analyses published in 2015.

Hylarana
Hylarana, commonly known as golden-backed frogs, is a genus of true frogs found in tropical Asia. It was formerly considered highly diverse, containing around 84 to 96 valid species, but taxonomic revision resulted in a major change in the contents of the genus, recognizing just four species.
Algoma, Wisconsin
Algoma (/ælˈɡoʊmə/ al-GOH-mə) is a city in Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,243 at the 2020 census. It is located on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Ahnapee River, 30 miles (48 km) east of Green Bay.

Ahnapee River
The Ahnapee River is a 14.7-mile-long (23.7 km) river on the Door Peninsula in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. It rises in Door County, Wisconsin, and flows through Kewaunee County into Lake Michigan at the city of Algoma. Its name has been ascribed as coming from the Ojibwe word aanapii meaning "when?".
Kalamazoo, Michigan
Kalamazoo (/ˌkæləməˈzuː/) is a city in Kalamazoo County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. At the 2020 census, Kalamazoo had a population of 73,598. It is the principal city of the Kalamazoo–Portage metropolitan area in southwestern Michigan, which had a population of 261,670 in 2020.

One of Kalamazoo's most notable features is the Kalamazoo Mall, an outdoor pedestrian shopping mall. The city created the mall in 1959 by closing part of Burdick Street to automobile traffic, although two of the mall's four blocks have been reopened to auto traffic since 1999. Kalamazoo is home to Western Michigan University, a large public university, Kalamazoo College, a private liberal arts college, and Kalamazoo Valley Community College, a two-year community college.

Kalamazoo College
Kalamazoo College is a private liberal arts college in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1833 by Baptist ministers as the Michigan and Huron Institute, Kalamazoo is the oldest private college in Michigan. From 1840 to 1850, the institute operated as the Kalamazoo Branch of the University of Michigan. After receiving its charter from the state in 1855, the institute changed its name to Kalamazoo College.

Kalamazoo is a member of the Consortium of Liberal Arts Colleges (CLAC) and the Great Lakes Colleges Association. The college's sports teams are nicknamed the Hornets and compete in the NCAA Division III Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association.
The Sound of Silence (album)
The Sound of Silence is a 1968 studio album by Carmen McRae for Atlantic Records with an orchestra primarily under the musical direction of Shorty Rogers. The first four tracks, recorded on June 26, 1968, were arranged and conducted by Jimmy Jones.

Shorty Rogers
Milton "Shorty" Rogers (born Milton Rajonsky; April 14, 1924 – November 7, 1994) was an American jazz musician, one of the principal creators of West Coast jazz. He played trumpet and flugelhorn and was in demand for his skills as an arranger.
Poly Bridge
Poly Bridge is a simulation-puzzle video game series developed and published by Dry Cactus. The franchise was introduced in 2016 and received three installments, with the third title, Poly Bridge 3, released on 30 May 2023.

Poly Bridge 3
Poly Bridge 3 is a simulation-puzzle game developed and published by Dry Cactus. It is the third installment in the Poly Bridge series, and the sequel to Poly Bridge 2. The game was released for Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows on 30 May 2023.
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications.  As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it.  One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids. The set of tubes is called a tube bundle, and may be composed of several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc.

Surface condenser
A surface condenser is a water-cooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. Where cooling water is in short supply, an air-cooled condenser is often used.  An air-cooled condenser is however, significantly more expensive and cannot achieve as low of a steam turbine exhaust pressure (and temperature) as a water-cooled surface condenser.

Surface condensers are also used in applications and industries other than the condensing of steam turbine exhaust in power plants.
Faith deconstruction
Faith deconstruction, also known as deconstructing faith, religious deconstruction, or simply deconstruction, is a process during which religious believers reexamine and question their beliefs. It originated in American evangelicalism, where it may be called evangelical deconstruction. The term rose in popularity in connection with the exvangelical movement, which began in 2016. It is sometimes called the deconstruction movement. Subsequently, the term religious deconstruction has been applied to other religions as well.

During deconstruction, people doubt their beliefs, identity, and practices. They may struggle and experience anxiety. Some eventually modify their beliefs into something more satisfactory to the believer. This results in a rejection of religion for some, and a revised or renewed faith for others.

The term takes its name from Jacques Derrida's philosophical concept of deconstruction, although it has only a loose relationship to that concept.

Exvangelical
Exvangelical is a term to describe people who have left evangelicalism, especially white evangelical churches in the United States, for atheism, progressive Christianity, or any other religious belief, or lack thereof.

People in the movement may also be called "exvies". The term prodigals is sometimes used for exvangelicals by people who remain evangelical.

Many exvangelicals attribute their departure to experiences of anti-LGBTQ beliefs and practices, misogyny, and racism in evangelicalism, to skepticism toward the Church's moral and social teachings, to a personal crisis of faith, and/or to sexual abuse in a religious setting.
Ghetts
Justin Jude Clarke-Samuel (born 9 October 1984), better known by his stage name Ghetts (formerly Ghetto), is a British grime MC, rapper, songwriter and actor. His music has been played on national radio stations such as BBC Radio 1, Kiss 100, BBC Asian Network, and BBC Radio 1Xtra. He released his debut studio album, Rebel with a Cause, via independent record label Disrupt on 9 March 2014. Known for his hard hitting lyrics and intricate rhyme schemes, he is associated and has toured internationally with such acts as Kano and was a member of N.A.S.T.Y. Crew.

In 2021 he won the Best Male Act at the Mobo Awards and in 2024 received the Mobo Pioneer award for his "significant contribution to British black culture".

Ghetts was charged with causing death by dangerous driving following a hit-and-run in Ilford, London in October 2025. He pled guilty to the charge on 8 December 2025.

Scorcher (rapper)
Tayó Grant Jarrett (born 5 April 1986), better known as Scorcher, is an English grime MC, songwriter and actor from Edmonton, London. He was previously a member of the grime collective The Movement and is signed to Blue Colla Music.
Prairie City, Oregon
Prairie City is a city in Grant County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, Prairie City had a population of 841. The community was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 23, 1891.

Grant County, Oregon
Grant County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,233, making it Oregon's fourth-least populous county. The county seat is Canyon City. It is named for President Ulysses S. Grant, who served as an army officer in the Oregon Territory, and at the time of the county's creation was a Union general in the American Civil War. Grant County is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.
Frederica von Stade – Mahler Songs
Mahler Songs is a 40-minute studio album on which Gustav Mahler's Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen, his Rückert-Lieder and two of the songs from his Lieder aus "Des Knaben Wunderhorn" are performed by Frederica von Stade and the London Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Andrew Davis. It was released in 1979.

Frederica von Stade
Frederica von Stade (born 1 June 1945) is a former American classical singer. Best known for her work in opera, she was also a recitalist and concert artist, and she recorded more than a hundred albums and videos. She is especially associated with operas by Mozart and Rossini, and also with music by French and American composers, most notably Jake Heggie. A Chevalier of France's Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, twice the winner of a Grand Prix du Disque and nominated nine times for a Grammy award, she is widely regarded as the pre-eminent lyric mezzo-soprano of her generation.
2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup, officially the TotalEnergies CAF Confederation Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 22nd edition of the CAF Confederation Cup and 50th overall season of Africa's secondary club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The winners, RS Berkane, earned the right to play against the winners of the 2024–25 CAF Champions League in the 2025 CAF Super Cup.

2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup qualifying rounds
The 2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup qualifying rounds began on 16 August and ended on 22 September 2024. 52 teams competed in the qualifying rounds to decide the 16 places in the group stage of the 2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup.

All times are local.
Live at the Budokan (Chic album)
Live at the Budokan is a live album by American band Chic, released on Nile Rodgers' label Sumthing Else in 1999.

The album contains the concert at Tokyo's Budokan on April 17, 1996, that was to be the last performance by fellow Chic member Bernard Edwards who died the following day. The concert was a celebration of the Chic legacy and featured an all-star line-up with guest appearances by Sister Sledge, Slash from Guns N' Roses and Steve Winwood and was released three years after its recording, in unedited form including the spoken introductions by both Edwards and Rodgers.

The concert was released on DVD in 2004 and the Budokan album has been re-issued as Chic in Japan and Live in Japan.

Bernard Edwards
Bernard Edwards (October 31, 1952 – April 18, 1996) was an American bassist and record producer, known primarily for his work in disco with musician Nile Rodgers, with whom he co-founded Chic. In 2017, Edwards was selected as the 53rd greatest bassist of all time by Bass Player magazine.
Lyra Valkyria
Aoife Marie Cusack (born 23 October 1996) is an Irish professional wrestler. She is signed to WWE, where she performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Lyra Valkyria. She is a former one-time and the inaugural Women’s Intercontinental Champion, a one-time NXT Women's Champion and a one-time WWE Women's Tag Team Champion.

Prior to joining WWE, Cusack wrestled for several promotions on the European independent circuit as Valkyrie, including Fight Factory Pro Wrestling (FFPW), Over the Top Wrestling (OTT), Westside Xtreme Wrestling (wXw) and Pro-Wrestling: EVE. She is a one-time Irish Junior Heavyweight Champion, a one-time OTT Women's Champion, and a one-time Pro-Wrestling: EVE Tag Team Champion with Debbie Keitel.

Fight Factory Pro Wrestling
Fight Factory Pro Wrestling (FFPW), also known as Zero1 Ireland, is an Irish wrestling training school and professional wrestling promotion run by Phil Boyd and Katey Harvey, based in Dublin. FFPW promotion tours theatres, leisure centres, and town halls.
Angiolo Vestris
Angiolo Maria Gasparo Vestris (19 November 1730, Florence – 10 June 1809, Paris) was a Franco-Italian ballet dancer.

The younger brother of Gaétan Vestris and Thérèse Vestris, he studied dance with Louis Dupré and became a soloist of the Opéra de Paris in 1753.  He then danced at Stuttgart under the direction of Noverre (also marrying Rose Gourgaud, daughter of the comic-actor Dugazon, in the town in 1766) before returning to Paris in 1767, where he was taken on as an actor at the Comédie-Italienne.

Thérèse Vestris
Thérèse Vestris (1726–1808) was a French (originally Italian) ballerina.  She performed at the Paris Opera from 1751 and belonged to its elite dancers. She was the sister of Gaétan Vestris and Angiolo Vestris and was often paired with her brothers onstage.
Svetislav Stančić
Svetislav Stančić (7 July 1895 in Zagreb – 7 January 1970 in Zagreb) was a Croatian pianist and music pedagogue.

Stančić initially studied piano in Zagreb and then moved to Berlin where he studied with Karl Heinrich Barth, Conrad Ansorge, and Ferruccio Busoni, who also taught him composition.
Stančić had a career as a concert pianist, and later he became legendary Professor of Piano at the Music Academy in Zagreb.
He was a member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts and a corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. In 1960 he received the Vladimir Nazor Award for lifetime achievement in music.

Some of his notable students included Ivo Maček, Branka Musulin and Vladimir Krpan. The International Piano Competition Svetislav Stančić is named after him.

Ivo Maček
Ivo Maček (24 March 1914–26 May 2002) was a prominent Croatian pianist, composer, teacher, editor and academician. He was born in Sušak on 24 March 1914 and died in Zagreb on 26 May 2002. On account of his diverse social work, for his work as a pianist, composer and editor, he was the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions.
Ansbach Grizzlies
The Ansbach Grizzlies are an American football team based in Ansbach, Germany. The club, together with the Düsseldorf Panther and the Munich Cowboys, is one of the oldest in Germany. The Grizzlies were a dominating force in the game during the first decade of American football in Germany, reaching all of the first eight German Bowls.

German Football League
The German Football League (GFL) is a professional American football league in Germany. The league was formed in 1979. In 1999, the league changed to its current name from American-Football-Bundesliga. Rules are based on American NCAA rules.

In terms of attendance figures, cumulative salaries paid by teams, performance in international exhibition games and competitions and ability to draw foreign talent, the GFL is generally considered the most competitive national league in Europe.
Sir Arne's Treasure
Sir Arne's Treasure (Swedish: Herr Arnes pengar) is a 1919 Swedish silent crime-drama film directed and co-written by Mauritz Stiller, starring Richard Lund, Hjalmar Selander, Concordia Selander and Mary Johnson. It is based on the novel The Treasure by Selma Lagerlöf, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, originally published in 1903. The story takes place on the Swedish west coast during the 16th century, and revolves around a Scottish mercenary who murders a wealthy family for treasure, only to unwittingly begin a relationship with the surviving daughter of the family.

Selma Lagerlöf
Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (/ˈlɑːɡərlɜːf, -lɜːv/, US also /-lʌv, -ləv/, Swedish: [ˈsɛ̂lːma ˈlɑ̂ːɡɛˌɭøːv] ⓘ; 20 November 1858 – 16 March 1940) was a Swedish writer. She published her first novel, Gösta Berling's Saga, at the age of 33. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, which she was awarded in 1909. In 1914, she was the first woman to be granted a membership of the Swedish Academy.
Mary Catherine Phillips
Mary Catherine Phillips (1903–1981) was an American consumer advocate, author, and member of the Board of Directors of Consumers' Research in Bowerstown, New Jersey. She tested consumer beauty products, promoted safety for cosmetics, and wrote Skin Deep. The Truth About Beauty Aids – Safe and Harmful.

Frederick J. Schlink
Frederick J. Schlink (October 26, 1891 – January 15, 1995) was an American consumer rights activist. He co-wrote the books Your Money's Worth with Stuart Chase and 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs with Arthur Kallet. He also co-founded the watchdog group Consumers' Research, which tried to both protect consumers from predatory sales tactics and educate people about consuming.
Katsaros
Katsaros (Greek: Κατσαρός) is a settlement in the municipal unit of Iardanos, Elis, Greece. It is situated at the foot of low hills, at 80 m elevation. It is 2 km southeast of Vounargo, 2 km southwest of Fonaitika and 6 km northwest of Pyrgos

Iardanos
Iardanos (Greek: Ιάρδανος) is a former municipality in Elis, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pyrgos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 62.723 km2. Its seat of administration was the village Vounargo. Iardanos is enclosed by the municipal units of Amaliada to the north, and Pyrgos to the south.
Haejo sinmun
Haejo Sinmun was a daily Korean-language newspaper published in the Korean enclave Sinhanch'on, Vladivostok, Russian Empire in 1908. It was the first Korean-language daily newspaper published in Russia.

It was the first of a series of Korean-language newspapers produced in Vladivostok that promoted the Korean independence movement. It was followed by the 1908–1910 Taedong kongbo, 1911 Taeyangbo, and 1912–1914 Kwŏnŏp sinmun.

Taeyangbo
Taeyangbo (Korean: 대양보; Hanja: 大洋報; RR: Daeyangbo; lit. Ocean Gazette; Russian: Дэянгбо) was a Korean-language newspaper published in Sinhanch'on, Vladivostok, Russian Empire in 1911. It was written entirely in the native Korean script Hangul.

It was one of a series of newspapers that was founded by Koreans in Vladivostok, and was preceded by the 1908 Haejo sinmun and 1908–1910 Taedong kongbo. It was followed by the 1912–1914 Kwŏnŏp sinmun.

According to a 2016 article, no original copies are known to exist. There are, however, Japanese-language translations of some issues that have been retranslated into Korean. Issues No. 3 to 13 (July 6, 1911 to September 11, 1911), excluding No. 9, are attested to.
Flip Records (1950s)
Flip Records was an American record label that flourished in the 1950s, releasing rhythm and blues and doo-wop music by such artists as Richard Berry, The Six Teens, Donald Wood, the Elgins, and many others. Max and Lilian Feirtag operated the label in Los Angeles, California, and published music under the Limax Music trademark.

The biggest, most lasting success was Richard Berry's original recording of his song "Louie, Louie," which came out in 1957 (although it was only a regional hit and The Six Teens' "A Casual Look" was a much bigger national hit).

In 2000, Ace Records of England purchased the assets of the original Flip Records catalog, and has been releasing this vintage music for the CD market.

Richard Berry (musician)
Richard Berry Jr. (April 11, 1935 – January 23, 1997) was an American singer, songwriter and musician, who performed with many Los Angeles doo-wop and close harmony groups in the 1950s, including the Flairs and the Robins.

He is best known as the composer and original performer of the rock standard "Louie Louie". The song became a hit for the Kingsmen and others, and it is one of the most recorded songs of all time; however, Berry received little financial benefit for writing it until the 1980s, having signed away his rights to the song in 1959. He also wrote and released "Have Love, Will Travel" which has been recorded by many other artists.
Private Schulz
Private Schulz is a 1981 BBC television comedy drama serial set mostly in Germany, during and immediately after World War II. It stars Michael Elphick in the title role and Ian Richardson playing various parts. Other notable actors included Tony Caunter, Billie Whitelaw, Billy Murray and Mark Wingett. It was shown on Masterpiece Theatre in the US.

Michael Elphick
Michael John Elphick (19 September 1946 – 7 September 2002) was an English film and television actor. He played the eponymous private investigator in the ITV series Boon and Harry Slater in BBC's EastEnders. He was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the 1983 film Gorky Park. With his gruff Sussex accent and lip-curling sneer, he often played menacing hard men.

Elphick struggled with an addiction to alcohol; at the height of his problem, he admitted to consuming two litres (½ gallon) of spirits a day, which contributed to his death from a heart attack in 2002.