hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tameness theorem
In mathematics, the tameness theorem states that every complete hyperbolic 3-manifold with finitely generated fundamental group is topologically tame, in other words homeomorphic to the interior of a compact 3-manifold.

The tameness theorem was conjectured by Marden (1974). It was proved by Agol (2004) and, independently, by Danny Calegari and David Gabai. It is one of the fundamental properties of geometrically infinite hyperbolic 3-manifolds, together with the density theorem for Kleinian groups and the ending lamination theorem.
It also implies the Ahlfors measure conjecture.

Tame manifold
In geometry, a tame manifold is a manifold with a well-behaved compactification.  More precisely, a manifold  is called tame if it is homeomorphic to a compact manifold with a closed subset of the boundary removed.

The Whitehead manifold is an example of a contractible manifold that is not tame.
Takla Lake First Nation
Takla Nation is a First Nation located around Takla Lake, 400 km north of Prince George, British Columbia, Canada. The main community is at Takla Landing, at the north end of Takla Lake, but the band services 17 reserves totaling 809 hectares. Takla Lake First Nation has approximately 950 members. It was created by the amalgamation of the Takla Lake and Fort Connelly bands in 1959.

Takla Landing
Takla Landing, also known as McLaing Landing, is an unincorporated locality and former steamboat landing on the east side of Takla Lake in the Omineca Country of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada.  In the days of the Omineca Gold Rush, Takla Landing was a port for steamboats connecting trails from Hazelton, British Columbia via Babine Lake to trails leading from Takla Landing eastwards to the area of the gold strikes in the lower Omineca River.

The locality is the site of North Tacla Lake Indian Reserve No. 7 and adjoining it is North Tacla Lake Indian Reserve 7A.  The reserves, 63.1 and 14.8 ha. respectively, are under the administration of the Takla Lake First Nation.

The community is served by the Takla Landing Water Aerodrome.
Ivan Kolařík
Ivan Kolařík (22 March 1920, Valašské Meziříčí – 1 April 1942, Vizovice) was a Czechoslovak soldier and member of the anti-Nazi resistance group Out Distance. While being closely pursued by the Gestapo, he committed suicide to avoid exposing the rest of the group.

Out Distance
Operation Out Distance was a Czech resistance group active during World War II. It was dispatched by Special Group D of the Ministry of Defence of the Czechoslovak government in exile in London. The group operated in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, a region of occupied Czechoslovakia.
Sea-Watch 4
The Humanity 1 is a German Search and Rescue Ship. The former German research ship is owned by SOS Humanity, who use the ship for SAR operations of refugees in distress on the Mediterranean Sea. Previously, the ship was owned by Sea-Watch e. V., and prior to that by the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) operated the ship under the name of Poseidon, after the Greek god of the sea, with the State of Schleswig-Holstein as the owner. In January 2020 the ship was auctioned and bought by Sea-Watch e. V. and renamed Sea-Watch 4 on 20 February 2020; the ship was further re-named, to Humanity 1, in August 2022.

Sea-Watch
Sea-Watch is a German non-governmental organisation that operates in the Mediterranean Sea, notably by commissioning reconnaissance aircraft to find boats potentially in distress and ships to rescue their occupants.
Apostolic Fathers
The Apostolic Fathers, also known as the Ante-Nicene Fathers, were core Christian theologians among the Church Fathers who lived in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD who are believed to have personally known some of the Twelve Apostles or to have been significantly influenced by them. Their writings, though widely circulated in early Christianity, were not included in the canon of the New Testament. Many of the writings derive from the same time period and geographical location as other works of early Christian literature which came to be part of the New Testament.

Presbyter
Presbyter (/ˈprɛzbɪtər/) is an honorific title for Christian clergy. The word derives from the Greek presbyteros, which means elder or senior, although many in Christian antiquity understood presbyteros to refer to the bishop functioning as overseer. The word presbyter is used many times in the New Testament, referring both to the Jewish leadership and the "tradition of the elders", and to the leaders of the early Christian community.

In modern Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican usage, presbyter is distinct from bishop: in Roman Catholicism it means Catholic priest. In other Protestant usage, for example, Methodism, presbyter does not refer to a member of a distinctive priesthood called priests but rather to a minister, pastor, or elder.
Longxing Temple
The Longxing Monastery or Longxing Temple (simplified Chinese: 隆兴寺; traditional Chinese: 隆興寺; pinyin: Lóngxīng Sì) is an ancient Buddhist monastery located in the town of Zhengding in Hebei Province, China, approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the provincial capital of Shijiazhuang. It has been referred to as the "Best Temple south of Beijing".

Hall of Four Heavenly Kings
The Hall of Four Heavenly Kings is a building in East Asian Buddhist temples and the first important hall inside a shanmen (mount gate) in most Chinese and Korean Buddhist temples as well as temples in the Japanese Ōbaku Zen tradition. It is typically named due to the Four Heavenly Kings statues enshrined in the hall. In Chinese Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Tianwang dian or Tianwang Hall. In Japanese Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Tennō-den. In Korean Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Cheonwangmun.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Coweta County, Georgia
This is a list of properties and districts in Coweta County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 16, 2026.

Coweta County, Georgia
Coweta County /kaʊˈiːtə/ is a county in the West Central region of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is part of Metro Atlanta. As of the 2020 census, the population was 146,158. The county seat is Newnan.

Coweta County is included in the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell metropolitan statistical area.
Lorain County, Ohio
Lorain County (/lɔːˈreɪn/) is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio As of the 2020 census, the population was 312,964. Its county seat is Elyria, and its largest city is Lorain. The county was physically established in 1822, becoming judicially independent in 1824. Lorain County is part of the Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is home to Oberlin College.

Columbia Township, Lorain County, Ohio
Columbia Township, also known as Columbia Station or just Columbia, is the easternmost of the eighteen townships of Lorain County, Ohio, United States. Columbia Township is the official government name, while Columbia Station is the post office name, and tends to be the town name used by residents. The post office name was chosen to differentiate the township from other Columbia Townships statewide, located in Hamilton and Meigs counties.

As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 7,411.
Iron and Steel Act 1967
The Iron and Steel Act 1967 (c. 17) was an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, which regulated corporate governance in the iron and steel industries. It renationalised the steel industry and formed the British Steel Corporation. It required that employees had voting rights for the board of directors.

Iron and Steel Act 1949
The Iron and Steel Act 1949 (12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6. c. 72) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which nationalised, or bought into state control, elements of the iron and steel industry in Great Britain. It established an Iron and Steel Corporation which acquired certain iron and steel companies. In a departure from earlier nationalisations the Corporation only acquired the share capital of the companies, not the undertakings themselves. The individual companies continued to operate under management Boards appointed by the corporation. The Iron and Steel Act 1949 was one of a number of acts promulgated by the post-war Labour government to nationalise elements of the UK's industrial infrastructure; other acts include the Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946; the Electricity Act 1947; Transport Act 1947 (railways and long-distance road haulage); and the Gas Act 1948.
Smart host
A smart host or smarthost is an email server via which third parties can send emails and have them forwarded on to the email recipients' email servers.

Smarthosts were originally open mail relays, but most providers now require authentication from the sender, to verify that the sender is authorised – for example, an ISP might run a smarthost for their paying customers only.

Open mail relay
An open mail relay is a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server configured in such a way that it allows anyone on the Internet to send e-mail through it, not just mail destined to or originating from known users. This used to be the default configuration in many mail servers; indeed, it was the way the Internet was initially set up, but open mail relays have become unpopular because of their exploitation by spammers and worms. Many relays were closed, or were placed on blacklists by other servers.
Lionel Blackburne
Lionel Edward Blackburne (2 November 1874–4 August 1951) was an Anglican priest in the  second quarter of the 20th century.

He was born 2 November 1874 and educated at Lancing College and Clare College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1890, he began his ecclesiastical career  with a curacies at All Saints, Leamington and St Martin Potternewton. After this he was Vicar of St Wilfrid’s, Bradford then Rural Dean of Portsmouth. From 1922 to 1936 he was Archdeacon of Surrey and from 1930 also Canon Residentiary at Guildford Cathedral. He was Dean of Ely  from 1936  to 1950. He died on 4 August 1951.His brother was Dean of Bristol and nephew Bishop of Thetford.

Harry Blackburne
Christianity portal

Harry William Blackburne DSO, MC (25 January 1878 – 31 May 1963) was an Anglican clergyman, Dean of Bristol from 1934 to 1951.

He was born on 25 January 1878 and educated at Tonbridge School and Clare College, Cambridge. After service as a trooper in the Queen's Own West Kent Yeomanry during the Second Boer War he was ordained in 1902. After a curacy at All Saints, Leamington he was an army Chaplain from 1903 to 1924. From 1924 to 1931 he was Vicar of St Mary, Ashford. An Honorary Chaplain to the King he was a Canon of St George's, Windsor until his appointment to the Deanery. A noted author, he died on 31 May 1963.

His brother Lionel Blackburne was Dean of Ely, one son Hugh a Bishop of Thetford and another, Kenneth, the first governor-general of Jamaica.

Personal papers belonging to Blackburne are held in the archives at The Museum of Army Chaplaincy.
Weverse
Weverse (Korean: 위버스; RR: wibeoseu) is a South Korean mobile app and web platform created by South Korean entertainment company Hybe Corporation. The app specializes in hosting multimedia content, the sale of artist-related merchandise, content subscription, and artist-to-fan communications for artists.

Weverse hosts a variety of free and paid content including educational and entertainment videos, Instagram Story-style updates, and artist-to-fan interactions and communities for users to connect with each other. The app is also used to publish official statements by Hybe (formerly Big Hit Entertainment) on behalf of artists signed with its labels.

The software was developed by Hybe's technology subsidiary Weverse Company (formerly beNX). As of 2023, Weverse has over 10 million monthly users.

Big Hit Music
Big Hit Music (Korean: 빅히트 뮤직, stylized in all caps), formerly Big Hit Entertainment (Korean: 빅히트 엔터테인먼트), is a South Korean record label established in 2005 by Bang Si-hyuk. It was re-branded and re-structured into an independent label under Hybe Corporation (formerly Big Hit Entertainment Co., Ltd.) in March 2021. As of date, the label is home to soloist Lee Hyun, and boy groups BTS, Tomorrow X Together, and Cortis. It previously managed soloist Lim Jeong-hee, and groups 8Eight, 2AM, and co-managed Glam.
Service Industries cricket team
Service Industries (known until 1999 as Servis Industries) were a first-class cricket team in Pakistan sponsored by Service Industries Limited (SIL). They played 19 matches between 1975 and 2005, winning five matches, losing seven and drawing seven.

Service Industries Limited
Service Industries Limited, doing business as Servis, is a Pakistani shoes and tire manufacturer which is based in Lahore, Pakistan.

Service factories are located in the Pakistani cities of Gujrat, Muridke, Nooriabad, Raiwind, Negombo, Sri Lanka. The company had humble beginnings in 1941. Servis Shoes is a shoe manufacturing company and Servis Tyres is a tire manufacturing company working under the Servis Industries Limited.
Rabén & Sjögren
Rabén & Sjögren is a book publishing company in Sweden. It was established in 1942 by Hans Rabén and Carl-Olof Sjögren. Since 1998 it has been part of Norstedts förlag.

The publishing focus is on children's and youth literature. Rabén & Sjögren was very successful, publishing the books of Astrid Lindgren. Other authors include Enid Blyton and Jostein Gaarder.

Rabén & Sjögren also published Svenskt författarlexikon ("Dictionary of Swedish Authors"), a bibliobiographical dictionary of Swedish-language authors in ten volumes between 1942 and 1981.

Norstedts förlag
Norstedts Förlag is a book publishing company in Sweden. Norstedts is Sweden's oldest publishing house and one of the largest in the country. It was founded in 1823 by Per Adolf Norstedt, under the name P. A. Norstedt & Söner ("P. A. Norstedt & Sons").
Bellver Castle
Bellver Castle (Catalan: Castell de Bellver, locally [ˌbeʎˈvə]) is a Gothic-style castle on a hill 3 km to the west of the center of Palma de Mallorca on the island of Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. It was built in the 14th century for King James II of Majorca, and is one of the few circular castles in Europe. First serving as the residence of the Kings of Majorca, and afterward long used as a military prison throughout the 18th to mid-20th century, it is now under civilian control, being one of the main tourist attractions of the island, as well as the seat for the city's History Museum.

Palma de Mallorca
Palma, also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983–1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. With a population of 438,234 as of 2024, it is the 8th-largest city in Spain.

The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is part of the municipality.
Impalement arts
Impalement arts are a type of performing art in which a performer plays the role of human target for a fellow performer who demonstrates accuracy skills in disciplines such as knife throwing and archery. Impalement is actually what the performers endeavor to avoid – the thrower or marksman aims near the target rather than at them. The objective is to land the throw or shot as close as possible to the assistant's body without causing injury.

Impalement arts are often found in circuses and sideshows as well as sometimes in variety, cabaret or burlesque shows. In addition, impalement acts have provided subject matter for literature, art, photography and film and television scripts.

There are important distinctions between knife throwing or archery practiced as competitive sports and similar skills displayed as impalement arts. For example, organizing bodies for competitive archery prohibit activity that involves deliberate shooting in the general direction of a human being.

Wheel of death (impalement arts)
The Wheel of Death, in the context of the impalement arts, is a classic moving target stunt sometimes performed by knife throwers. The thrower's assistant or target girl is secured, (usually by the limbs and tied by rope), to a large, generally circular, target board that is free to spin about its center point. As the target rotates the thrower must execute a series of rapid, consistent and carefully timed throws to land knives on the segments of the wheel not covered by the assistant's body.
BrookGPU
In computing, the Brook programming language and its implementation BrookGPU were early and influential attempts to enable general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU). Brook, developed at Stanford University graphics group, was a compiler and runtime system for a stream programming language designed to leverage the parallelism of GPUs such as those from ATI or Nvidia.

BrookGPU compiled programs written using the Brook stream programming language, which is a variant of ANSI C. It could target OpenGL v1.3+, DirectX v9+ or AMD's Close to Metal for the computational backend and ran on both Microsoft Windows and Linux. For debugging, BrookGPU could also simulate a virtual graphics card on the CPU.

Close to Metal
In computing, Close To Metal (CTM, originally Close-to-the-Metal) is the name of a beta version of a low-level programming interface developed by ATI, now the AMD Graphics Product Group, aimed at enabling GPGPU computing. CTM was short-lived, and the first production version of AMD's GPGPU technology is now called AMD Stream SDK, or rather the current AMD APP SDK (AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing SDK) ) for Windows and Linux 32-bit and 64-bit, which also targets Heterogeneous System Architecture.
Sarez Lake
Sarez Lake (/səˈrɛz/ sə-REZ) is a lake in Rushon District of Gorno-Badakhshan province, Tajikistan. Its length is about 75.8 kilometres (47.1 mi), its depth about a few hundred meters, its water surface elevation about 3,263 metres (10,705 ft) above sea level, and volume of water over 16 cubic kilometres (3.8 cu mi). The mountains around it rise over 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) above the lake level.

The lake formed in 1911, after a great earthquake, when the Murghab River was blocked by a big landslide. Scientists believe that the landslide dam formed by the earthquake, known as the Usoi Dam, is unstable given local seismicity, and that the terrain below the lake is in danger of catastrophic flood if the dam were to fail during a future earthquake. The Usoi Dam wall survived a localised 7.2 magnitude earthquake, the 2015 Tajikistan earthquake, on 7 December 2015 with no visible signs of deterioration.

Shadau Lake is a small water body southwest of the Usoi Dam and west of Sarez Lake.

Rushon District
Rushon District is a district in east Tajikistan, in the west-central part of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO). It stretches along the river Bartang between the Yazgulem Range to the north and the Rushon Range to the south.  Its capital is Rushon, also known as Vomar (pronounced: vamar), situated on the border with Afghanistan, 65 km north of Khorugh (the capital of GBAO) along the river Panj and the Pamir Highway. The population of Rushon district is 25,800 (1 January 2020 estimate).

The district is home to Sarez Lake, which was formed as a result of an earthquake in 1911 in Bartang valley in the east of the district. Called "the Sleeping Dragon" by the native population, Sarez Lake is attracting growing attention of national and international experts for the study and mitigation of its potential threat of collapsing and causing devastating floods and landslides.
West Bridgford F.C.
West Bridgford Football Club are a football club based in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England. They are currently members of the United Counties League Division One and play at the Regatta Way Sports Ground.

West Bridgford
West Bridgford (/ˈbrɪdʒfərd/) is a town and the administrative centre of the borough of Rushcliffe, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies south of Nottingham city centre, east of Wilford, north of Ruddington and west of Radcliffe-on-Trent; it is also south-west of Colwick and south-east of Beeston, which are on the opposite bank of the River Trent. The town is part of the Nottingham Urban Area and had a population of 36,487 in the 2021 Census.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Erath County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Erath County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Erath County, Texas. There are one district and five individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. Four properties are also Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks including one State Antiquities Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Erath County, Texas
Erath County (/ˈiːræθ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the United States Census bureau, its population was 42,545 in 2020. The county seat is Stephenville. The county is named for George Bernard Erath, an early surveyor and a soldier at the Battle of San Jacinto.

Erath County is included in the Stephenville, Texas, Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Erath County contains two of North America's largest renewable natural gas plants. The largest is at Huckabay Ridge, near Stephenville. The second-largest is outside Dublin at Rio Leche Estates.
J. W. Dunne
John William Dunne FRAeS (2 December 1875 – 24 August 1949) was a British soldier, aeronautical engineer and philosopher. As a young man he fought in the Second Boer War, before becoming a pioneering aeroplane designer in the early years of the 20th century. Dunne worked on automatically stable aircraft, many of which were of tailless swept wing design, to achieve the first aircraft demonstrated to be stable. He later developed a new approach to dry fly fishing before turning to speculative philosophy, where he achieved some prominence and literary influence through his "serialism" theory on the nature of time and consciousness, first set out in his 1927 book An Experiment with Time.

Dunne D.8
The Dunne D.8 of 1912 was a tailless swept wing biplane, designed by J. W. Dunne to have inherent stability. One example was supplied to RAE Farnborough. License-built Burgess-Dunne models were used by the US Signal Corps and United States Navy and the short-lived Canadian Aviation Corps. It was the latter's first and only warplane.
Kalali language
Kalali, also written Kullili, Galali, Garlali, Kullilla and other variants, is an Australian Aboriginal language, of Queensland, Australia.

It is one of several geographically transitional "Karna–Mari fringe" languages that have not been convincingly classified, and is best considered an isolate branch within the Pama–Nyungan family. Gavan Breen provisionally includes Minkabari and the Ngura dialect Pitjara/Bidjara/Bitharra, which together have been called the Bulloo River language.
Breen is partly responsible for the variation in the spelling of the name 'Kalali'. The forms Garlali and Galarli are due to what he now considers a non-distinctive instance of retroflex rl, and he prefers the spelling Kalali.

Maric languages
Maric is a branch of the Pama–Nyungan family of Australian languages formerly spoken throughout much of Queensland by many of the Murri peoples. The well attested Maric languages are clearly related; however, the amount of documentation varies between languages, and their classification is uncertain. Many Maric languages are sleeping, while some are more recently being reawakened by their respective communities. The clear Maric languages are:

Dharumbal was added by Bowern (2011); it had been classified in the Kingkel branch of Waka–Kabic. It is not clear if the other Kingkel language, Bayali, is also Maric; Bayali and Darumbal are not close.