hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lord Lieutenant of Buteshire
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Buteshire. The post was established in 1794 and abolished in 1975, being replaced by the Lord Lieutenant of Argyll and Bute and the Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire and Arran.

John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute 17 March 1794 – 16 November 1814

John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute 2 January 1815 – 18 March 1848

Lord Patrick Crichton-Stuart 17 April 1848 – 7 September 1859

James Crichton-Stuart 14 November 1859 – 24 October 1891

John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute 13 February 1892 – 9 October 1900

Andrew Murray, 1st Viscount Dunedin 1 January 1901 – 1905

John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute 31 March 1905 – 1920

James Graham, 6th Duke of Montrose 24 June 1920 – 1953

Lord Colum Crichton-Stuart 15 April 1953 – 18 August 1957

Lord Robert Crichton-Stuart 12 June 1958 – 1963

Ronald Graham 19 July 1963 – 23 June 1967

John Crichton-Stuart, 6th Marquess of Bute 12 October 1967 – 1975

James Crichton-Stuart
Lieutenant-Colonel James Frederick Dudley Crichton-Stuart (17 February 1824 – 24 October 1891) was a British soldier and Liberal politician.

Crichton-Stuart was the son of Lord Patrick Crichton-Stuart and a great-great-grandson of Prime Minister John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute. His mother was Hannah, daughter of William Tighe, MP. He served with the Grenadier Guards and achieved the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1859 he was returned to Parliament for Cardiff, a seat previously held by his father, and represented this constituency in the House of Commons until 1880. Between 1859 and 1891 he also served as Lord-Lieutenant of Buteshire.

Crichton-Stuart married Gertrude Frances, daughter of Sir George Hamilton Seymour, in 1864. They had several children. Crichton-Stuart died in October 1891, aged 67. His wife survived him by eighteen years and died in December 1909.
Provincial Highway 21 (Taiwan)
Taiwan Provincial Highway No. 21 is a Provincial Highway in Taiwan that begins at Tianleng (天冷), Dongshi District, Taichung City, at the intersection with Provincial Highway No. 8 (Central Cross-Island Highway), and ends at Tataka(塔塔加), where it is connected with Provincial Highway No. 18 (New Central Cross-Island Highway) in Yushan National Park. It is the primary highway to Sun Moon Lake, a popular tourist destination. The total length is 145 km.

A southern segment of the highway became Provincial Highway 29 in 2014. The segment was from Namasia to Linyuan in Kaohsiung City, and ran along the Cishan River(旗山溪) as well as the Gaoping River(高屏溪). The road between Tataka and Namasia was not built due to environmental and ecological issues.

Provincial Highway 29 (Taiwan)
Provincial Highway 29 is a Taiwanese highway that starts from Namasia and ends in Linyuan. The highway is entirely located in Kaohsiung City. The highway was once the southern segment of Highway 21 until 2014, when it was assigned the current number. The highway is known as Dalin Highway (達林公路) for its entire length. For the segment between Jiaxian and Cishan the highway is known as Qijia Highway (旗甲公路). The route length is 112.26 kilometres (69.76 mi) .
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding News/Information – Series or Special
This article lists the winners and nominees for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding News/Information – Series or Special. Originally entitled Outstanding News, Talk or Information, the award was later split to honor series' and specials separately. The categories were merged back together following the 2003 ceremony, before a separate category for talk series' was created in 2008 and the category was renamed to its current title.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
Peter S. Meadows
Peter S. Meadows is a British political scientist and an Honorary Lecturer in the Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences at The University of Glasgow.

Along with his wife, Azra Meadows, he has carried out extensive work of an environmental, cultural and educational nature in Pakistan, and in 2005 was awarded the Sitara-i-Quaid-i-Azam (Star of the Great Leader), one of the highest civilian medals of that country, for services to Pakistan.

Meadows and Azra Meadows are the editors of The Glasgow Naturalist, the annual publication of The Glasgow Natural History Society.

Azra Meadows
Azra Meadows OBE is a Scottish lecturer of Pakistani descent. is an Honorary Lecturer in the Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences at The University of Glasgow and is married to Professor Peter S. Meadows, along with whom she has carried out extensive work of an environmental, cultural and educational nature in both Scotland and Pakistan. Azra Meadows was born in Glasgow to Pakistani parents.

Professor Peter S. Meadows and Dr Azra Meadows are the editors of The Glasgow Naturalist, the annual publication of The Glasgow Natural History Society.

In addition to this, Azra Meadows is a Director of The Scottish Academy of Asian Arts, has previously held the post of chairperson of the Scottish Pakistani Society and, in 2006, was elected for a second term to the Council of the Zoological Society of London, of which she is also a Trustee.
Asterina stellifera
Asterina stellifera is one of thirty species of small bat star in the genus Asterina. It is mainly found on the east coast of South America, ranging from Cabo Frio, Brazil to Mar del Plata, Argentina. In the past decades, their numbers have depleted and are currently abundant only in the southern limit of its former range. Due to this decline, it is on Brazil’s endangered species list. It has a slow growth rate and relatively long lifespan. A. stellifera is an omnivorous generalist predator, and modifies the abundance of other invertebrates and algae in subtidal marine communities.

Asterina (echinoderm)
Asterina is a genus of asteroideans in the family Asterinidae.

The species occurring in Australian waters are considered to not be congeneric with the type species A. gibbosa (Pennant, 1777) by Rowe and Gates (1995), and will possibly be assigned to another genus or a new genus. Rowe and Gates (1995) also suggested that Asterina should be restricted to Atlantic waters.
2014 Enugu State Broadcasting Service attack
The 2014 Enugu State Broadcasting Service Attack took place on June 5, 2014, when about 13 members of the Biafra Zionist Federation militant group attacked the Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS) in an attempt to make a public announcement on radio and television declaring the sovereign state of Biafra.

Biafra Zionist Front
The Biafra Zionist Front (BZF), formerly known as the Biafra Zionist Movement and also known as the Biafra Zionists Federation, is a group agitating for the restoration of Biafra and its independence from Nigeria. It is led by Benjamin Onwuka. The movement's purpose is the actualization of the sovereign state of Biafra along precolonial lines.

The group claims to be supported by Israel and the United States and explicitly relates its cause to the Zionist movement.
Vic Albury
Victor Albury (May 12, 1947 – April 18, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in four seasons with the Minnesota Twins, appearing in 101 games and amassing a career record of 18–17. In 1975, Albury finished ninth in the American League in walks allowed, with 97. Albury was selected by the Cleveland Indians in the ninth round (173rd overall) of the 1965 draft out of Key West High School, but never played in the majors with the Indians.

Key West High School
Key West High School (KWHS) is a public high school in Key West, Florida, United States. It is part of the Monroe County School District. The school opened in 1906, and was originally located at the site of the current Key West City Hall. It served as a last resort shelter during Hurricane Irma in 2017.
Butia lallemantii
Butia lallemantii is a species of palm described in 2006. Unlike more familiar Butia species, this is a clustering, acaulescent species lacking an above-ground trunk. It was the third of such species of Butia described. It is caespitose; branching underground with normally 3-6 branches. It grows to 60–160 cm tall, with 5-12 leaves with 24-40 leaflets a side. The fruit are edible, ovate-lanceolate, yellow-orange, 2.5-3.5 x 1.6-2.5 cm, with a reddish apex.

Butia
Butia is a genus of palms in the family Arecaceae, native to the South American countries of Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. Many species produce edible fruits, which are sometimes used to make alcoholic beverages and other foods. The name is derived from a Brazilian vernacular word for members of the genus.
The Sixth Day: Single Collection
The Sixth Day: Single Collection is a compilation album released by Gackt on February 25, 2004. The album collects the artist's previous single's title songs from 1999 up to 2003, some of them having been re-recorded for this release. The Sixth Day complements The Seventh Night, an unplugged album released three months later. In 2010, Gackt also released The Eleventh Day: Single Collection, which covers the material from 2004 to 2009.

The Eleventh Day: Single Collection
The Eleventh Day: Single Collection  is a greatest hits album by Japanese recording artist Gackt, released on July 21, 2010.

It includes all of his singles from the preceding five years, covering material released after The Sixth Day (2004). The album was released by his former label Nippon Crown, and it was his last album with the label after he transferred to Avex Group's recording conglomerate.
Scopa, Piedmont
Scopa is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Turin and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Vercelli.

Scopa borders the following municipalities: Balmuccia, Boccioleto, Guardabosone, Postua, Scopello, and Vocca.

Vocca
Vocca is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Turin and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Vercelli.

Vocca borders the following municipalities: Balmuccia, Borgosesia, Cravagliana, Postua, Scopa, and Varallo Sesia.
Asterostomatidae
Asterostomatidae is an extinct family of sea urchins belonging to the order Spatangoida.

They are slow-moving, shallow infaunal, or sediment-dwelling organisms, and are deposit feeders or detritivores. They lived during the Eocene and Miocene in what is now of Cuba, Cyprus and United States, from 55.8 to 5.332 Ma

Spatangoida
The heart urchins are members of the order Spatangoida of sea urchins. Their body are somewhat elongated ovals in form, and are distinguished by the mouth being placed towards one end of the animal, and the anus towards the other. As a result, unlike most other sea urchins, heart urchins are bilaterally symmetrical, and have a distinct anterior surface. The presence and position of the mouth and anus typically give members of this group the distinct "heart" shape from which they get their common name. Heart urchins have no feeding lantern, and often have petaloids sunk into grooves. They are a relatively diverse order, with a number of varying species.
Gachalá
Gachalá is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Guavio Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre of Gachalá is situated at a distance of 148 kilometres (92 mi) from the capital Bogotá at an altitude of 1,712 metres (5,617 ft) in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The municipality borders the western portion of the split municipality Ubalá and the department of Boyacá in the north, the eastern part of Ubalá and Medina in the east, Fómeque, Junín and Gama in the west and Fómeque, Medina and the department of Meta in the south.

Junín, Cundinamarca
Junín is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Guavio Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre is situated at an altitude of 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) in the east of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense. Junín borders Gachetá and Guatavita in the north, Gama and Gachalá in the east, Fómeque in the south, and La Calera and Guasca in the west.
IPadOS 15
iPadOS 15 is the third major release of the iPadOS operating system developed by Apple for its iPad line of tablet computers. The successor to iPadOS 14, it was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 7, 2021 along with iOS 15, macOS Monterey, watchOS 8, and tvOS 15. It was released to the public on September 20, 2021. It was succeeded by iPadOS 16, which was released on October 24, 2022.

iPadOS 15 is the final version of iPadOS that supports the iPad Air 2 and the iPad Mini 4.

TvOS
tvOS (formerly Apple TV Software) is an operating system developed by Apple for the Apple TV, a digital media player. In the first-generation Apple TV, Apple TV Software was based on Mac OS X. The software for the second-generation and later Apple TVs is based on the iOS operating system and has many similar frameworks, technologies, and concepts.

The second- and third-generation Apple TV have several built-in applications, but do not support third-party applications.

On September 9, 2015, Apple announced the fourth-generation Apple TV, with support for third-party applications. Apple also changed the name of the Apple TV operating system to tvOS, adopting the camel case nomenclature that they were using for their other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and (later, in 2016) macOS.

The latest version, tvOS 26, was released on September 15, 2025.
Plasmopara obducens
Plasmopara obducens is a species of oomycete that causes Impatiens downy mildew. It was first described on Impatiens noli-tangere in Germany in 1877. Plasmopara obducens is known from native species of Impatiens since the 1800s, but outbreaks on cultivated varieties of Impatiens walleriana started in 2003 in the United Kingdom and in 2004 in the United States. The outbreak spread worldwide by 2016.

Downy mildew
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines. The prime example is Peronospora farinosa featured in NCBI-Taxonomy and HYP3. This pathogen does not produce survival structures in the northern states of the United States, and overwinters as live mildew colonies in Gulf Coast states. It progresses northward with cucurbit production each spring. Yield loss associated with downy mildew is most likely related to soft rots that occur after plant canopies collapse and sunburn occurs on fruit. Cucurbit downy mildew only affects leaves of cucurbit plants.
Barbados–India relations
Barbados–India relations are the international relations that exist between Barbados and India. The Embassy of India in Paramaribo, Suriname is concurrently accredited to Barbados. India also maintains an Honorary Consulate in Holetown.

Indians in Barbados
Indo-Barbadian or Indo-Bajan, refers to Barbadians of Indian ancestry from the Indian subcontinent, including present-day Bangladesh and Pakistan. Currently, there is a 3,000-strong Indian community in Barbados.
Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) season 15
Season fifteen of Dancing with the Stars, called Dancing with the Stars: All-Stars, premiered on September 24, 2012, on the ABC network.

Season 15 was the first to feature an "all-star" cast of returning celebrities. Six of the returning finalists had already won the title in prior seasons: Kelly Monaco, Drew Lachey, Emmitt Smith, Apolo Anton Ohno, Hélio Castroneves, and Shawn Johnson. Additionally, it was the only season to date to offer fractional (0.5) scores. Five contestants reunited with their original partners (Emmitt Smith, Joey Fatone, Melissa Rycroft, Bristol Palin, Kirstie Alley), while the other eight danced with new partners.

Season 8 finalist Melissa Rycroft defeated season 8 champion Shawn Johnson and season 1 champion Kelly Monaco to win the trophy. This also marked the first win for professional Tony Dovolani.

Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) season 8
Season eight of Dancing with the Stars premiered on Monday, March 9, 2009, on the ABC network.

The show generally followed the format of previous seasons, with thirteen couples, although there were some changes, including two new dances, the Argentine tango and Lindy Hop, and an occasional dance-off between the bottom two couples, in order to determine who would be eliminated.

Olympic gymnast Shawn Johnson and Mark Ballas were crowned the champions, while Gilles Marini and Cheryl Burke finished in second place, and Melissa Rycroft and Tony Dovolani finished third.
Passage du Havre
The Passage du Havre is one of the covered passages of Paris. Formerly known for fish shops and railway modelling (e.g. Hornby, La Maison du Train), the arcade was rebuilt in the late 1990s as a modern mall, at the same time as the construction of Paris' RER E underground railway line. The redevelopment aimed to attract shops more in line with the character of the Quartier de l'Opéra-Saint Lazare, the heart of Paris major business district.

The passage is located near the Gare Saint-Lazare and directly opposite the Hilton Paris Opera (the station's hotel). It begins at the Place du Havre and extends to Rue de Caumartin where it ends.

The shopping centre is owned and maintained by Eurocommercial Properties N.V..

Rue de Caumartin
The Rue de Caumartin is a street in the 9th arrondissement of Paris. It received its name from Antoine-Louis Lefebvre de Caumartin, marquis de Saint-Ange, Comte de Moret (1725-1803), who was prévôt des marchands (1778-1784). He gave the authorization to open the street on 3 July 1779.
32 Canadian Brigade Group
32 Canadian Brigade Group (32 CBG) of the Canadian Army is part of the 4th Canadian Division. It is centred on the Greater Toronto Area, as well as Niagara Region and Brantford. It is headquartered at LCol George Taylor Denison III Armoury in Toronto, Ontario.

4th Canadian Division
The 4th Canadian Division is a formation of the Canadian Army. It is currently responsible for Canadian Army operations in the Canadian province of Ontario and is headquartered at Denison Armoury in Toronto. The division was first created as a formation of the Canadian Corps during the First World War. During the Second World War the division was reactivated as the 4th Canadian Infantry Division in 1941 and then converted to armour and redesignated as the 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division. Beginning in 1916 the division adopted a distinctive green-coloured formation patch as its insignia. In 2013 it was announced that Land Force Central Area would be redesignated 4th Canadian Division.
Truro, Nova Scotia
Truro is a town in central Nova Scotia, Canada. Truro is the shire town of Colchester County and is located on the south side of the Salmon River floodplain, close to the river's mouth at the eastern end of Cobequid Bay.

Dalhousie University Faculty of Agriculture
The Faculty of Agriculture at Dalhousie University is a Canadian agricultural college and faculty of Dalhousie University located in Bible Hill, Nova Scotia. The Faculty of Agriculture offers the only university level programs in agriculture in Atlantic Canada. Founded 14 February 1905 as the Nova Scotia Agricultural College within the Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture, it merged with Dalhousie University on 1 September 2012. The campus is referred to as Dalhousie University's "Agricultural Campus" or by its popular sports nickname of "Dal AC" or simply the "AC."
Marian Catholic College
Marian Catholic College is a Roman Catholic co-educational Secondary day school, in Griffith in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. Administered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wagga Wagga, the college caters to students from Year 7 to Year 12. It is called "Marian" in honour of Mary, the Mother of God, patron of the Sisters of Mercy and Marist Brothers who founded the college.

The 7th-12th years are split into middle school, school certificate years, and senior school. At the end of 10th year, students receive their School Certificate. At the end of 12th year, students receive their Higher School Certificate.

Diocese of Wagga Wagga
The Diocese of Wagga Wagga is a Latin Church suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Sydney, established in 1917, covering the Riverina region of New South Wales in Australia.

St Michael's Cathedral is the seat of the Catholic Bishop of Wagga Wagga. On 12 September 2016, Pope Francis accepted the resignation of Bishop Gerard Hanna due to health and age concerns and appointed Christopher Prowse to be the Apostolic Administrator. On 26 May 2020 Pope Francis announced that Bishop Mark Edwards OMI would be the sixth Bishop of Wagga Wagga, to be installed as Bishop on 22 July 2020 at St Michael's Cathedral.
Dan Mulcahy
Daniel Mulcahy (7 January 1882 – 13 July 1953) was an Australian politician. Born in Milltown, Ireland, he was educated at Irish Catholic schools and migrated to Australia as a youth. He became a publican in Sydney and served on both Waterloo Council, including several terms as mayor, and Sydney City Council. In 1934, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Lang, representing the Langite Australian Labor Party (NSW). Mulcahy joined the federal Labor Party when the two parties merged in 1936, but left the ALP for the Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist), another Lang party, in 1940. When this second split was resolved, Mulcahy again joined the federal ALP. He held his seat until his death in Vaucluse in 1953.

Municipality of Waterloo
The Municipality of Waterloo was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The municipality was proclaimed on 16 May 1860 and, with an area of 3.4 square kilometres, included the modern suburbs of Waterloo, Zetland and Rosebery. The suburb of Alexandria was originally included as the Western Ward of the council but seceded as a separate municipality in 1868. After several attempts to amalgamate with various neighbours in the mid-1920s, the council was amalgamated with the City of Sydney, along with most of its neighbours, with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, although parts of the former council area were transferred in 1967 to the City of South Sydney.
Egophoricity
In linguistics, egophoricity refers to a grammatical category that marks one's personal involvement in an event. In languages with this category, an egophoric form is used for expressing information to which the self has "privileged access" as opposed to an allophoric (or non-egophoric) form.

Egophoric forms are typically associated with first-person subject declarative sentences and second-person subject interrogative sentences (egophoric distribution).

The concept of egophoricity was originally developed in descriptive studies on Tibeto-Burman languages spoken in the Himalayas such as Newar and Tibetan; however, the category has also been found in languages of Northwestern China, the Andean region, Caucasus, New Guinea, and elsewhere.

Mirativity
In linguistics, mirativity, initially proposed by Scott DeLancey, is a grammatical category in a language, independent of evidentiality, that encodes the speaker's surprise or the unpreparedness of their mind. Grammatical elements that encode the semantic category of mirativity are called miratives (abbreviated MIR).