hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buffalo Southern Railroad
The Buffalo Southern Railroad (reporting mark BSOR) is a class III railroad operating in western New York.

The BSOR is locally owned and operates in the Buffalo area.  It should not be confused with the South Buffalo Railway which is a separate railroad.

The BSOR operates on 32 miles of track owned by Erie County, New York and leased from the Erie County Industrial Development Agency. The line runs south from Buffalo, New York to Gowanda, New York servicing the villages of Hamburg and North Collins along the way.

It interchanges with Norfolk Southern Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian Pacific Railway, Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad and the New York and Lake Erie Railroad. The rail line intersects Norfolk Southern at a diamond in the village of Blasdell near Lake Avenue.

Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad
The Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad (reporting mark BPRR) is a Class II railroad operating in New York and Pennsylvania.

The BPRR is owned by Genesee & Wyoming. Its main line runs between Buffalo, New York, and Eidenau, Pennsylvania, north of Pittsburgh. Here, connections are made to the city center via the Allegheny Valley Railroad. The system runs largely on former Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) lines. The entire BPRR system is 659 miles (1,061 km).

Major commodities carried include paper, petroleum products, chemicals, coal, steel, and sand.
Éclagnens
Éclagnens is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Éclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Goumoëns.

Goumoens-la-Ville
Goumoens-la-Ville is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Éclagnens, Goumoens-la-Ville and Goumoens-le-Jux merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Goumoëns.
47 The American Sign Language and English Secondary School
47 The American Sign Language and English Secondary School, is a public high school for the deaf in Kips Bay, Manhattan, New York City. Operated by the New York City Department of Education, it was previously known as "47" The American Sign Language and English Dual Language High School, Junior High School 47M, School for the Deaf, or Junior High School 47 (J.H.S. 47).

As of 2021 it only serves high school students. Elementary and middle school grades are covered by the separate PS 347 The 47 American Sign Language & English Lower School. The two schools share a building.

In the 1940s it was the only public school catering specifically to the deaf in New York City. This remained true in 1998.

Kips Bay, Manhattan
Kips Bay, or Kip's Bay, is a neighborhood on the east side of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is roughly bounded by 34th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 23rd Street to the south, and Third Avenue to the west.

Kips Bay is part of Manhattan Community District 6, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10010 and 10016. It is patrolled by the 13th and 17th Precincts of the New York City Police Department.
East Hampton High School
East Hampton High School is a high school in East Hampton, Suffolk County, New York, United States. Located on the east end of Long Island, the school is the easternmost high school in New York State. It is part of the East Hampton Union Free School District, but also educates students in the neighboring communities of Wainscott, Springs, Amagansett, and Montauk as a result of tuition contracts with the respective local school districts.

In the 2019–2020 school year, the total enrollment was 920 students and the school had a four-year graduation rate of 82%. The current principal is Sara Smith, a former assistant principal at Southampton High School. Smith succeeded James Crenshaw, who resigned after one year to become assistant superintendent of Longwood Central School District further west on Long Island.

The school's sports teams are known as the Bonackers, and the school colors are maroon and gray.

Amagansett Union Free School District
Amagansett Union Free School District is a public school district located in Amagansett on Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It educates students residing in the hamlets of Amagansett and Napeague, both part of the town of East Hampton.

The district operates one school, the Amagansett School, serving grades PK through 6. The total enrollment for the 2020–2021 school year was 136 students. Students then complete their education at the East Hampton Middle School and East Hampton High School as part of a tuition agreement with the East Hampton Union Free School District.

Maria Door is the school's principal and Seth Turner is the district's superintendent. Turner's predecessor, Eleanor Tritt, was in the role from 2008 to 2018. Turner had previously been  superintendent of the Saugerties Central School District since 2009.

Amagansett is bordered by the Montauk school district to the east, the Springs district to the north, and East Hampton district to the west.
Fort Riverview
Fort Riverview is a historic archaeological site located near Madison Heights, Amherst County, Virginia.  It is an American Civil War redoubt built by the Confederate States Army about 1863 to protect Six Mile Bridge and the James River and Kanawha Canal system along the James River. Fort Riverview served as part of the outer defense system for Lynchburg, Virginia. The protection of this bridge was vital to the Confederacy as it carried supplies for General Robert E. Lee.  Since Lynchburg served as a major supply, staging, and hospital center, Fort Riverview was strategically located to protect this critical center.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Norfolk Southern Six Mile Bridge No. 58
Norfolk Southern Six Mile Bridge No. 58, also known as Six Mile Bridge, is a historic Pratt truss railroad bridge located near Lynchburg in Amherst County and Campbell County, Virginia. The bridge was originally constructed around 1853. It was rebuilt or modified in 1866, 1870, 1886, 1899, 1920, 1934, and 1957 to accommodate ever-increasing rail traffic and heavier loads. The original bridge was built by the South Side Railroad during the construction of its line between Petersburg and Lynchburg, and later maintained by the Norfolk Southern Railway. During the American Civil War, the bridge and the rail approach to Lynchburg was protected by Fort Riverview. It provided rail service between 1853 and 1972. It has been owned by the Mount Athos Regional Museum and Information Center, Inc., since 1993.

The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
World Book Club
World Book Club is a radio programme on the BBC World Service. Each edition of the programme, which is broadcast on the first Saturday of the month with repeats into the following Monday, features a famous author discussing one of their books, often the most well-known one, with the public. Since the programme began in 2002 it has been presented by Harriett Gilbert .

The Strand (radio programme)
The Strand was the BBC World Service's daily arts show. It was launched on Monday 27 October 2008. The last weekday edition was aired on Friday 29 March 2013, and the last weekly summary on the subsequent weekend. It was regularly hosted by Harriett Gilbert, Mark Coles, Audrey Brown – who also presented the BBC's flagship African News and Current Affairs programmes Focus on Africa and Network Africa, Anna McNamee, and Bidisha. The programme's title came from the Strand, a busy street in London close to the World Service's former studios at Bush House on Aldwych.
Daihatsu C-series engine
The Daihatsu C-series engine is a range of compact three-cylinder, internal combustion piston engines, designed by Daihatsu, which is a subsidiary of Toyota. The engines range from 843 to 993 cc and have been manufactured in petrol and diesel-driven series. They have cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads, and are of either SOHC or DOHC design, with belt driven heads. The engine first appeared in the all-new Daihatsu Charade in October 1977, in "CB20" form.

Most common is the 1-liter CB, which was also available as the diesel CL. There is an 843 cc version called the CD and the extremely rare 926 cc homologation special called the CE.

Innocenti Mini
The Innocenti Mini is an automobile introduced by Innocenti in 1974. The vehicle was a rebodied, three-door hatchback version of the Mini, styled by Bertone. A five-door prototype was developed around 1980, but was never put into production. After having been sold to De Tomaso in 1976, the Innocenti Mini ended up being powered by Daihatsu-sourced three-cylinder engines and continued in production in incrementally updated forms until 1993.
Autonomous agency theory
Autonomous agency theory (AAT) is a viable system theory (VST) which models autonomous social complex adaptive systems.  It can be used to model the relationship between an agency and its environment(s), and these may include other interactive agencies. The nature of that interaction is determined by both the agency's external and internal attributes and constraints. Internal attributes may include immanent dynamic "self" processes that drive agency change.

Viable system theory
Viable system theory (VST) concerns cybernetic processes in relation to the development/evolution of dynamical systems: it can be used to explain living systems, which are considered to be complex and adaptive, can learn, and are capable of maintaining an autonomous existence, at least within the confines of their constraints. These attributes involve the maintenance of internal stability through adaptation to changing environments. One can distinguish between two strands such theory: formal systems and principally non-formal system. Formal viable system theory is normally referred to as viability theory, and provides a mathematical approach to explore the dynamics of complex systems set within the context of control theory. In contrast, principally non-formal viable system theory is concerned with descriptive approaches to the study of viability through the processes of control and communication, though these theories may have mathematical descriptions associated with them.
Shrine of Khidr
The Shrine of Khidr is a structure located in the Samandağ district of Hatay, which is especially considered sacred by the Alawites. It is believed by Alawites to be the spot where Khidr and Moses met.

Samandağ
Samandağ, formerly known as Süveydiye (Arabic: السويدية, romanized: al-Sūwaydiyya), is a resort town and municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 384 km2, and its population is 123,447 (2022). It lies at the mouth of the Asi River on the Mediterranean coast, near Turkey's border with Syria, 25 km (16 mi) from the city of Antakya. In February 2023, the town was heavily damaged by powerful earthquakes.
Divisible group
In mathematics, specifically in the field of group theory, a divisible group is an abelian group in which every element can, in some sense, be divided by positive integers, or more  accurately, every element is an nth multiple for each positive integer n.  Divisible groups are important in understanding the structure of abelian groups, especially because they are the injective abelian groups.

Injective object
In mathematics, especially in the field of category theory, the concept of injective object is a generalization of the concept of injective module. This concept is important in cohomology, in homotopy theory and in the theory of model categories. The dual notion is that of a projective object.
Echoes (1950 song)
"Echoes" is a popular song. It was written by Bennie Benjamin and George David Weiss, and published in 1950.

It was first recorded in 1950 by The Ink Spots whose recording reached number 24 on the US pop chart. In 1950, Jo Stafford and Gordon MacRae also recorded the composition. That version, released by Capitol Records as catalog number 782, was backed with "Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo (The Magic Song)" on the B-side. The song reached number 18 on the Billboard chart and number 13 on the Cash Box chart.

Sammy Kaye with vocal refrain by The Kaydets, recorded in New York City on October 7, 1949. It was released by RCA Victor Records as catalog number 20-3595 (in US) and by EMI on the His Master's Voice label as catalog number JO 170.

Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo
"Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo" (also called "The Magic Song") is a novelty song, written in 1948 by Al Hoffman, Mack David, and Jerry Livingston. Performed in the 1950 film Cinderella, by actress Verna Felton, the song is sung by the Fairy Godmother as she transforms an orange pumpkin into a white carriage, four brown mice into white horses, a gray horse into a white-haired coachman and a brown dog into a white-haired footman. The song was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1951 but lost out to "Mona Lisa" from Captain Carey, U.S.A. Disney used the song once again in their 2015 remake of Cinderella which starred Lily James in the leading role. The song was performed by Helena Bonham Carter, who plays Fairy Godmother, and was the final song of the movie, playing with the end credits. Bonham Carter's version can also be found as the 30th song on the original movie soundtrack.
Yumi Tōma
Yumi Nakagawa (中川 由美, Nakagawa Yumi; born December 20, 1966), known professionally as Yumi Tōma (冬馬 由美, Tōma Yumi), is a Japanese voice actress, narrator, author and singer from Chiba. She has been part of the singing group Goddess Family Club. Tōma once worked for Aoni Production before she founded her own agency ALLURE&Y. Because of her mature voice, she often plays strong and beautiful women. Tōma is married to Toei Company producer Tatsuya Yoshida.

Neighborhood Story
Neighborhood Story (Japanese: ご近所物語, Hepburn: Gokinjo Monogatari) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ai Yazawa. It was serialized by Shueisha's shōjo manga magazine Ribon from 1995 to 1997, with its chapters collected in seven tankōbon volumes. The manga has been licensed for English release in North America by Viz Media.

A 50-episode anime television series adaptation, produced by Toei Animation, was broadcast on ABC, TV Asahi and other stations from September 1995 to September 1996. An anime film was released in March 1996.
Highland Park Presbyterian Church (University Park, Texas)
Highland Park Presbyterian Church (HP Pres) is a Presbyterian church in University Park, Texas, with a Dallas post office address. In 2013, HP Pres voted to change its affiliation from Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) to ECO: A Covenant Order of Evangelical Presbyterians.

ECO (denomination)
ECO: A Covenant Order of Evangelical Presbyterians is an evangelical Presbyterian denomination in the United States. As a Presbyterian church, ECO adheres to Reformed theology and Presbyterian polity. It was established in 2012 by former congregations and members of the Presbyterian Church (USA), abbreviated PC(USA). Denominational disputes over theology—particularly ordination of practicing homosexuals as pastors and gay marriage—and bureaucracy led to the founding of ECO. In 2018, ECO has over 383 congregations, 103,425 covenant partners (church members) and over 500 pastors. ECO churches are egalitarian in beliefs and ordain women as pastors and elders.
Arcata–Eureka Airport
California Redwood Coast – Humboldt County Airport(IATA: ACV, ICAO: KACV, FAA LID: ACV), also known as Arcata–Eureka Airport and Arcata Airport, is in Humboldt County, California, United States, 8 miles (13 km) north of Arcata and 15 miles (24 km) north of Eureka, in McKinleyville.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a Nonhub primary commercial service airport. The airport is a federally designated port of entry for civil aircraft arriving in the United States. The airport is the site of the command center for and primary facilities of the United States Coast Guard Air Station Humboldt Bay, which provides rescue and law enforcement for the region north of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Coast Guard Air Station Humboldt Bay
40°58′36″N 124°06′40″W﻿ / ﻿40.97667°N 124.11111°W﻿ / 40.97667; -124.11111

Coast Guard Sector/Air Station Humboldt Bay is a United States Coast Guard Air Station and Sector, with command and primary assets located at the Arcata–Eureka Airport in McKinleyville, California, 16 miles north of Eureka in Humboldt County. The station is the site of the command center for all Coast Guard personnel stationed and assets located on the coasts of Humboldt, Mendocino, and Del Norte Counties. It is one of four air stations in the Eleventh Coast Guard District.
Mobile International Airport
Mobile International Airport (IATA: BFM, ICAO: KBFM, FAA LID: BFM) is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Mobile, a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States.  The airport is a principal component of the Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley, a 1,650-acre (668 ha) industrial complex. Presently the facility covers 1,616 acres (654 ha) of land. It is owned and operated by the Mobile Airport Authority.  Prior to 1969, the airport was part of an active military installation known as Brookley Air Force Base.

According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a general aviation facility. This was a change from the 2007–2011 NPIAS Report, when it was categorized as a reliever airport.

Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley
The Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley is an industrial complex and airport in Mobile, Alabama, United States, which lies adjacent to the western shore of Mobile Bay. It is owned and operated by the Mobile Airport Authority. It was known by a variety of names until being renamed in 2010 as the Brookley Aeroplex. In the fall of 2013, the Brookley Aeroplex was rebranded as the Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley.
Jjim
Jjim (Korean: 찜; Korean pronunciation: [tɕ͈im]) is a Korean cuisine term referring to dishes made by steaming or boiling meat, chicken, fish, or shellfish which have been marinated in a sauce or soup. The cooking technique originally referred to dishes cooked in a siru (시루, earthenware steamer mainly used for making tteok) by steaming. However, the name jjim has now come to imply a finished dish with a steamed appearance. The cooking method for most jjim dishes nowadays has changed to boiling the ingredients in broth and reducing the liquid. Pressure cookers are popular for making jjim as well.

Proteins galbi, beef shank or rump, chicken, fish, or shellfish are usually the main ingredients. The ingredients are marinated in a sauce, then put to a boil with a small amount of water. The liquid is then reduced. Various vegetables and other ingredients are added for enhanced flavor.

Soy sauce
Soy sauce (sometimes called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, traditionally made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus sojae molds. It is recognized for its saltiness and pronounced umami taste.

Soy sauce was created in its current form about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China. Since then, it has become an important ingredient in East and Southeast Asian cooking as well as a condiment worldwide.
Grondona, Piedmont
Grondona (Grondonn-a in Ligurian) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 548 and an area of 25.7 square kilometres (9.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Grondona contains the frazione (subdivision) Variana.

Grondona borders the following municipalities: Arquata Scrivia, Borghetto di Borbera, Isola del Cantone, Roccaforte Ligure, and Vignole Borbera.

Vignole Borbera
Vignole Borbera (Ligurian: Ei Vgnêue; Genoese: Vigneue) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,154 and an area of 8.5 square kilometres (3.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Vignole Borbera contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Variano Inferiore, Variano Superiore and Precipiano.

Vignole Borbera borders the following municipalities: Arquata Scrivia, Borghetto di Borbera, Grondona, Serravalle Scrivia, and Stazzano.
Piero Sraffa
Piero Sraffa FBA (5 August 1898 – 3 September 1983) was an influential Italian political economist who served as lecturer of economics at the University of Cambridge. His book Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities is taken as founding the neo-Ricardian school of economics.

Frank P. Ramsey
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (/ˈræmzi/; 22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician, and economist who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein and, as an undergraduate, translated Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into English. He was also influential in persuading Wittgenstein to return to philosophy and Cambridge. Like Wittgenstein, he was a member of the Cambridge Apostles, the secret intellectual society, from 1921.
Kratovo Municipality
Kratovo (Macedonian: Кратово [ˈkratɔvɔ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the eastern part of North Macedonia. Kratovo is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is located. The municipality is part of the Northeastern Statistical Region.

Northeastern Statistical Region
The Northeastern Statistical Region (Macedonian: Североисточен Регион, romanized: Severoistočen Region; Albanian: Rajoni verilindor) is one of eight statistical regions in North Macedonia. It borders Kosovo and Serbia to the north and Bulgaria to the east, while internally, it borders the Skopje and Eastern statistical regions.
28th (North Gloucestershire) Regiment of Foot
The 28th (North Gloucestershire) Regiment of Foot was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1694. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 61st (South Gloucestershire) Regiment of Foot to form the Gloucestershire Regiment in 1881.

Battle of Alexandria (1801)
The Battle of Alexandria (also known as the Battle of Canope/Canopus) was fought on 21 March 1801, where the British army and naval forces repelled an assault by the French army as part of the French invasion of Egypt and Syria. Led by General Sir Ralph Abercromby, the British engaged a French force under Divisional-general Jacques-François Menou near the ruins of Nicopolis, on the narrow spit of land between the Mediterranean Sea and Abukir. The British routed Menou's army after several hours of fierce fighting, though Abercromby was mortally wounded. About half of the French casualties at Alexandria were caused by British naval force. John Hely-Hutchinson, who replaced Abercromby, led the British army to Alexandria and laid siege to the city, which surrendered in September.