hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Øyer Municipality
Øyer is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Tingberg. The two largest villages in the municipality are Granrudmoen and Tretten.

The 640-square-kilometre (250 sq mi) municipality is the 182nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Øyer Municipality is the 182nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,134. The municipality's population density is 8 inhabitants per square kilometre (21/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.7% over the previous 10-year period.

Granrudmoen
Granrudmoen is the largest village in Øyer Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Gudbrandsdal valley, along the Gudbrandsdalslågen river in the southern part of the municipality. It is the commercial centre of the municipality. It is located along the European route E6 highway, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the town of Lillehammer. The municipal centre of Tingberg is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north.

The 2.01-square-kilometre (500-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,719 and a population density of 855 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,210/sq mi).

Granrudmoen is located close to the 1994 Winter Olympic venues of Hafjell and Hunderfossen. The local multi-sports team is Øyer-Tretten IF.
Borghetto Lodigiano
Borghetto Lodigiano (Lodigiano: Burghét) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Milan and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Lodi. It is located on the left slope of the Lambro river.

Borghetto Lodigiano borders the following municipalities: Ossago Lodigiano, Villanova del Sillaro, Brembio, Graffignana, Livraga, San Colombano al Lambro. The economy is mostly based on agriculture and on production of aluminium.

Villanova del Sillaro
Villanova del Sillaro (Lodigiano: Vilanöva del Silar) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Milan and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Lodi.

Villanova del Sillaro borders the following municipalities: Pieve Fissiraga, Massalengo, Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Ossago Lodigiano, Borghetto Lodigiano, Graffignana.
Harpy eagle
The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a large neotropical species of eagle. It is also called the American harpy eagle to distinguish it from the Papuan eagle, which is sometimes known as the New Guinea harpy eagle or Papuan harpy eagle. It is the largest bird of prey throughout its range, and among the largest extant species of eagles in the world. It usually inhabits tropical lowland rainforests in the upper (emergent) canopy layer. Destruction of its natural habitat has caused it to vanish from many parts of its former range, and it is nearly extirpated from much of Central America. It is the only member of the genus Harpia, which, together with Harpyopsis, Macheiramphus and Morphnus, forms the subfamily Harpiinae.

The Peregrine Fund
The Peregrine Fund (named after the bird of prey of the same name the peregrine falcon) is a non-profit organization founded in 1970 that conserves threatened and endangered birds of prey worldwide. The successful recovery of the peregrine falcon in the United States, which was removed from the U.S. Endangered Species List in 1999, enabled the organization to expand its mission to include other endangered raptors around the world. The Peregrine Fund is headquartered at its World Center for Birds of Prey in Boise, Idaho, on a 580-acre (2.3 km2) campus with breeding and research facilities, an administrative office, interpretive center, research library, and archives.
Spice Bazaar
The Spice Bazaar (Turkish: Mısır Çarşısı, meaning "Egyptian Bazaar") in Istanbul, Turkey, is one of the largest bazaars in the city. Located in the Eminönü quarter of the Fatih district, it is the most famous covered shopping complex after the Grand Bazaar.

Fatih
Fatih (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈfaːtih]) or the Historical peninsula (in Turkish: Tarihi Yarımada),  is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metropolitan municipality and tax office) but not the courthouse. It encompasses the historical peninsula, coinciding with old Constantinople. In 2009, the district of Eminönü, which had been a separate municipality located at the tip of the peninsula, was once again remerged into Fatih because of its small population. Fatih is bordered by the Golden Horn to the north and the Sea of Marmara to the south, while the Western border is demarked by the Theodosian wall and the east by the Bosphorus Strait.
Lower Wong Tai Sin Estate
Lower Wong Tai Sin Estate (Chinese: 黃大仙下邨) is a public housing estate and Tenants Purchase Scheme estate in Wong Tai Sin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, along the south of Lung Cheung Road, near Wong Tai Sin Temple and MTR Wong Tai Sin station. It is divided into Lower Wong Tai Sin (I) Estate (黃大仙下(一)邨) and Lower Wong Tai Sin (II) Estate (黃大仙下(二)邨). After redevelopment, the estate consists of a total of 24 blocks built between the 1980s and 1990s.

Wong Tai Sin, Hong Kong
Wong Tai Sin is an area in Wong Tai Sin District, New Kowloon, Hong Kong. The area was named after the Wong Tai Sin Temple.

The area was previously known as Chuk Yuen or Chuk Un, prior to the intake of two Wong Tai Sin Estates. The populace of the estates, the prosperity of Wong Tai Sin Temple and the completion of Wong Tai Sin MTR station gradually eclipses its former name.
Ifugao people
The Ifugao people are the Austronesian ethnic group inhabiting Ifugao province in the Philippines. They live in the municipalities of Lagawe (capital of Ifugao), Aguinaldo, Alfonso Lista, Asipulo, Banaue, Hingyon, Hungduan, Kiangan, Lamut, Mayoyao, and Tinoc. The province is one of the smallest provinces in the Philippines with an area of only 251,778 hectares (622,160 acres), or about 0.8% of the total Philippine land area. In 1995, the population of the Ifugaos was 131,635. Although most of them are still in Ifugao province, some have moved to Baguio, where they work as woodcarvers, and to other parts of the Cordillera Region.

Ifugao
Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao (Ilocano: Probinsia ti Ifugao; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the west, Mountain Province to the north, Isabela to the east, and Nueva Vizcaya to the south.

The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras and Banaue Rice Terraces are the main tourist attractions in the province. These terraces are believed to have been hand-carved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant rice. However, recent research by carbon dating suggests that they were built much later. In 1995, the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2008 and 2015, the Hudhud chants of the Ifugao and the Punnuk (Tugging rituals and games) were inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
Risae Matsuda
Risae Matsuda (松田 利冴, Matsuda Risae; born July 16, 1993) is a Japanese voice actress who is affiliated with I'm Enterprise. She is the older twin sister of voice actress Satsumi Matsuda. She is known for her roles as Hakumei in Hakumei and Mikochi and Noella in Drugstore in Another World.

Katana Maidens: Toji No Miko
Katana Maidens: Toji No Miko (刀使ノ巫女, Toji No Miko; lit. "Sword-wielding Shrine Maidens") is a Japanese anime television series produced by Genco, co-produced by Crunchyroll, and animated by Studio Gokumi.
St Francis Xavier Cathedral (Banská Bystrica, Slovakia)
The Francis Xavier Cathedral, Banská Bystrica (Slovak: Katedrála svätého Františka Xaverského, usually called Kapitulský kostol meaning "Chapter Church") is the cathedral church of the  Roman Catholic Diocese of Banská Bystrica, located at the Slovak National Uprising Square in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia.

SNP Square (Banská Bystrica)
Slovak National Uprising Square (Námestie Slovenského národného povstania), or SNP Square (Námestie SNP) is an area in central Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, named after the insurgency of 1944. It has been the hub of the city's life and a prestigious address for more than 600 years. During the 20th century, the square saw periodic mass gatherings celebrating first national independence, then the defeat of the uprising after which it is now named, and finally the memory of the event. Dotted by cafés, restaurants, and small stores, it is a popular place for the locals to linger, and a tourist attraction notable for its historical buildings, and visual appeal. The whole square is a free public WiFi hotspot.
Emily Hatoyama
Emily Hatoyama (鳩山 エミリー, Hatoyama Emirī; née Takami (高見); born 11 February 1955) is a Japanese essayist and former actress and model. She was the wife of Kunio Hatoyama, the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications under Prime Minister Tarō Asō.

Kunio Hatoyama
Kunio Hatoyama (鳩山邦夫, Hatoyama Kunio; 13 September 1949 – 21 June 2016) was a Japanese politician who served as Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications under Prime Ministers Shinzō Abe and Yasuo Fukuda until 12 June 2009.
Black Sea Soviet Republic
The Black Sea Soviet Republic (March – 30 May 1918) was a republic of the Russian SFSR within the territory that corresponded to Black Sea Governorate in the Russian Empire. Its seat was Novorossiysk.

In May 1918 it was merged with Kuban Soviet Republic into the Kuban-Black Sea Soviet Republic.

Black Sea Governorate
The Black Sea Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, established in 1896 on the territory of the Black Sea Okrug of the Kuban Oblast. The administrative center of the governorate was the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk. In 1905, the population of the governorate was approximately 70,000 and its area was 6,455 square versts (7,346 km2; 2,836 sq mi), making it the smallest Russian governorate by both measures. The governorate ceased to exist when the Black Sea Soviet Republic was established on its territory in the spring of 1918—later the governorate was incorporated into the Kuban-Black Sea Oblast of the Russian SFSR in March 1920.
Kamikawa Subprefecture
Kamikawa (上川総合振興局, Kamikawa-sōgō-shinkō-kyoku) is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. The name is derived from Kamikawa no hitobito no Shūraku (Village of the Upstream People), a translation of the Ainu Peni Unguri Kotan. Settlement began in 1867. The sub-prefecture was established in 1897.

Asahikawa Airport stretches over the outskirts of Asahikawa City and Higashikagura in Kamikawa (Ishikari) District.

Higashikagura, Hokkaido
Higashikagura (東神楽町, Higashikagura-chō) is a town located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

As of September 2016, the town has an estimated population of 10,385, and a density of 150 persons per km2. The total area is 68.64 km2.

Asahikawa Airport is partially in Asahikawa and partially in Higashikagura.
Achaemenid coinage
The Achaemenid Empire issued coins from 520 BCE–450 BCE to 330 BCE. The Persian daric was the first gold coin which, along with a similar silver coin, the siglos (from Ancient Greek: σίγλος, Hebrew: שֶׁקֶל, shékel) represented the first bimetallic monetary standard. It seems that before the Persians issued their own coinage, a continuation of Lydian coinage under Persian rule is likely. Achaemenid coinage includes the official imperial issues (Darics and Sigloi), as well as coins issued by the Achaemenid provincial governors (satraps), such as those stationed in Asia Minor.

Pharnabazus II
Pharnabazus II (Old Iranian: Farnabāzu, Ancient Greek: Φαρνάβαζος Pharnabazos; ruled 413–374 BC) was a Persian soldier and statesman, and Satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia.  He was the son of Pharnaces II of Phrygia and grandson of Pharnabazus I, and great-grandson of Artabazus I. He and his male ancestors, forming the Pharnacid dynasty, had governed the satrapy of Hellespontine Phrygia from its headquarters at Dascylium since 478 BC. He married Apama, daughter of Artaxerxes II of Persia, and their son Artabazus also became a satrap of Phrygia. According to some accounts, his granddaughter Barsine may have become Alexander the Great's concubine.

According to research by Theodor Nöldeke, he was descended from Otanes, one of the associates of Darius in the murder of Smerdis.
Shima Park
Shima Park (simplified Chinese: 石马公园; traditional Chinese: 石馬公園; pinyin: Shímǎ Gōngyuán; lit. 'Stone Horse Park') is a public urban park in Loudi, Hunan, China. It covers an area of 225,000 square metres (2,420,000 sq ft). Located in Louxing District, Shima Park is bordered by Xiangyin West Street on the South, Xiushi Street on the West, Yuetang Street on the North, and Xinxing Middle Road on the East. It is a renowned botanical garden and scenic spot integrating scientific research & popularization and tourism in Hunan. It is adjacent to the Loudi railway station.

Louxing, Loudi
Louxing District (simplified Chinese: 娄星区; traditional Chinese: 婁星區; pinyin: Lóuxīng Qū) is the only urban district and the seat of Loudi Prefecturel-level City, Hunan Province, China.

Located in northeastern part of Loudi, it is in the place across three prefecturel-level cities of Loudi, Changsha and Xiangtan, and the Lian River flows it west to east. Louxing District is bordered to the west by Ningxiang County, to the east by Xiangxiang City, to the southeast by Shuangfeng County, and to the southwest and the west by Lianyuan City. The district covers an area of 630.02 km2 (243.25 sq mi) with a population of 668,300 (as of 2017). Louxing District has seven subdistricts, five towns and a township under its jurisdiction. The government seat is Louxing Community (娄星社区) of Changqing Subdistrict.
Alejandro Montoya
Alejandro Montoya Vera (born 3 May 1952) is a Cuban boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He lost in the quarter-finals of the tournament to Marvin Johnson of the United States, after defeating Alec Nastac and Bill Knight in previous rounds.

Marvin Johnson (boxer)
Marvin Johnson (born April 12, 1954) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1973 to 1987. He is a 3-time light heavyweight champion  having held the World Boxing Council (WBC) light heavyweight title from 1978 to 1979, and the World Boxing Association (WBA) light heavyweight title twice between 1979 to 1987. As an amateur, Johnson fought in the 1972 Olympics in Munich, winning a bronze medal at middleweight. He was inducted into the World Boxing Hall of Fame in 2008.
Hook granite massif
14°56′34″S 26°3′21″E﻿ / ﻿14.94278°S 26.05583°E﻿ / -14.94278; 26.05583
The Hook granite massif is a large formation in central Zambia formed around 550 million years ago during the Pan-African orogeny.
It lies in the inner part of the Lufilian arc.
Today, the south-western extension of the massif lies under the Kafue National Park.

Lufilian Arc
11°40′00″S 27°28′00″E﻿ / ﻿11.666667°S 27.466667°E﻿ / -11.666667; 27.466667

The Lufilian Arc (or Lufilian Belt) is part of a system of orogenic belts in southern Africa formed during the Pan-African orogeny, a stage in the formation of the Gondwana supercontinent.
It extends across eastern Angola, the Katanga Province of the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo and the northwest of Zambia.
The arc is about 800 kilometres (500 mi) long. It has global economic importance owing to its rich deposits of copper and cobalt.
Backdating
Backdating, also called antedating, is when a document is signed with a timestamp that has an earlier (older) date and/or time than when the document is actually signed. The opposite is forward dating, meaning that a later date/time is written than what is actually the time at the time of writing. Backdating and forward dating are in many contexts undesirable and can constitute document forgery, but can also have legitimate purposes.

Forward dating
Forward dating, also called postdating or post-dating, is the signing of a document with a timestamp with a later (more recent or future) date and time than the time the document was actually signed. The opposite is backdating, i.e. writing an earlier date/time than what is actually the time when the time is written. Backdating and forward dating are in many cases undesirable, and can constitute document forgery, but can also have legitimate purposes.
Bilawal Bhutto Zardari
Bilawal Bhutto Zardari (born 21 September 1988) is a Pakistani politician who served as the 37th Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2022 to 2023. He became the chairman of the Pakistan People's Party in 2007 following his mother's assassination.

Born in Karachi, Sindh, Bilawal maternally belongs to the Bhutto family and paternally to the Zardari family, he is the son of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and President Asif Ali Zardari, and the grandson of former President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.

Bhutto Zardari was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2018 to 2023. He was re-elected as a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in the 2024 Pakistani general election from newly formed constituency NA-194 Larkana-I, taking oath in 2024.

2022 Pakistan floods
From 15 June to October 2022, floods in Pakistan killed 1,739 people, and caused about US$40 billion in damage. The immediate causes of the floods were heavier than usual monsoon rains and melting glaciers that followed a severe heat wave, both of which are linked to climate change.

On 25 August 2022, Pakistan declared a state of emergency because of the flooding.

The flooding was the world's deadliest flood since the 2020 South Asian floods and described as the worst in the country's history. It was also recorded as one of the costliest natural disasters in world history.
Stagecoach Gold
Stagecoach Gold was a luxury bus sub-brand used by various Stagecoach bus subsidiaries in the United Kingdom.

Stagecoach Gold (originally Goldline) was launched in 2007 and was designed to attract more middle-class passengers to choose bus travel as a method of transport as well as to reward passengers on some busy and popular routes.

Stagecoach West currently runs the most Stagecoach Gold routes, nine, as of August 2022. Stagecoach Midlands owns the largest number of Stagecoach Gold branded vehicles with 63 in its fleet as of August, 2023.

As part of a makeover of its UK business, work began in February 2020 on the removal of Gold branding in some cases by withdrawal of the routes or transferring services to other operators.

Stagecoach West
Stagecoach West is a bus operator providing services in Gloucestershire, Swindon, Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, North Somerset and Herefordshire, in the West of England, and Monmouthshire in the South-East of Wales. The company is a subsidiary of the Stagecoach Group.
Densely defined operator
In mathematics – specifically, in operator theory – a densely defined operator or partially defined operator is a type of partially defined function. In a topological sense, it is a linear operator that is defined "almost everywhere".  Densely defined operators often arise in functional analysis as operations that one would like to apply to a larger class of objects than those for which they a priori "make sense".

A closed operator that is used in practice is often densely defined.

Closed linear operator
In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, a closed linear operator or often a closed operator is a partially defined linear operator whose graph is closed (see closed graph property). It is a basic example of an unbounded operator.

The closed graph theorem says a linear operator  between Banach spaces is a closed operator if and only if it is a bounded operator and the domain of the operator is . In practice, many operators are unbounded, but it is still desirable to make them have closed graph. Hence, they cannot be defined on all of . To stay useful, they are instead defined on a proper but dense subspace, which still allows approximating any vector and keeps key tools (closures, adjoints, spectral theory) available.
Northern Regional College
54°42′54″N 6°12′36″W﻿ / ﻿54.715°N 6.210°W﻿ / 54.715; -6.210

Northern Regional College (or NRC) is a third level educational institution in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. The college has four campuses around the north-east of Northern Ireland (County Antrim and eastern County Londonderry): Ballymena, Coleraine, Magherafelt and Newtownabbey.

Newtownabbey
Newtownabbey is a large settlement north of Belfast city centre in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is separated from the rest of the city by Cavehill and Fortwilliam golf course, but it still forms part of the Belfast metropolitan area. It surrounds Carnmoney Hill, and was formed from the merging of several small villages including Whiteabbey, Glengormley and Carnmoney. At the 2021 census, Metropolitan Newtownabbey Settlement had a population of 67,599, making it the third largest settlement in Northern Ireland and seventh on the Island of Ireland. It is part of Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council.
Indianola, Pennsylvania
Indianola is an unincorporated community in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The area known as Indianola is located in the municipality of Indiana Township, in suburban Pittsburgh, and is served by Fox Chapel Area School District. The ZIP Code is 15051.

40°34′11″N 79°51′44″W﻿ / ﻿40.56963°N 79.8622°W﻿ / 40.56963; -79.8622

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Musha Incident
The Musha Incident (Chinese and Japanese: 霧社事件; pinyin: Wùshè Shìjiàn; Wade–Giles: Wu4-she4 Shih4-chien4; rōmaji: Musha Jiken; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bū-siā Sū-kiāⁿ), also known as the Wushe Rebellion and several other similar names, began in October 1930 and was the last major uprising against colonial Japanese forces in Japanese Taiwan. In response to long-term oppression by Japanese authorities, the Seediq indigenous group in the settlement of Musha (Wushe) attacked a school, killing 134 Japanese and two Han Taiwanese children. In response, the Japanese led a counter-attack, killing 354 Seediq in retaliation. The handling of the incident by the Japanese authorities was strongly criticised, leading to many changes in Aboriginal policy.

Seediq people
The Seediq (sometimes Sediq, Seejiq, pronounced [seˈʔediq], [səˈdiq], or [səˈʔəɟiq]; Chinese: 賽德克族; pinyin: Sàidékèzú) are a Taiwanese indigenous people who live primarily in Nantou County and Hualien County. Their language is also known as Seediq.

They were officially recognized as Taiwan's 14th indigenous group on 23 April 2008. Previously, the Seediq, along with the closely related Taroko people, were classified as Atayal.