hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Titmuss
Richard Morris Titmuss CBE FBA (16 October 1907 – 6 April 1973) was a British social researcher and teacher. He founded the academic discipline of social administration (now largely known in universities as social policy) and held the founding chair in the subject at the London School of Economics (LSE).

His books and articles of the 1950s helped to define the characteristics of Britain's post World War II welfare state and of a universal welfare society, in ways that parallel the contributions of Alva Myrdal and Gunnar Myrdal in Sweden. He is honoured in the Richard Titmuss Chair in Social Policy at the LSE, which is currently held by Julian Le Grand.

Titmuss's association with eugenics extended beyond the British Eugenics Society, to encompass other personal and intellectual connections.

He is also honoured by the annual Richard Titmuss Memorial Lecture in the Paul Baerwald School of Social Work at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Ann Oakley
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Ann Rosamund Oakley (née Titmuss; born 17 January 1944) is a British sociologist and writer. She is Professor of Sociology and Social Policy, and founder-director of the Social Science Research Unit and the EPPI Centre at the Social Research Institute at  University College London.  She is also an Honorary Fellow at Somerville College, Oxford.
Bishop Castle
Bishop Castle is an "elaborate and intricate" "one-man project" named after its constructor, the late Jim Bishop, that has become a roadside attraction in central Colorado.

The "castle" is located in south central Colorado on State Highway 165 in the Wet Mountains of Southern Colorado in the San Isabel National Forest, southwest of Pueblo, Colorado.

Wet Mountains
The Wet Mountains are a small mountain range in southern Colorado, named for the amount of snow they receive in the winter as compared to the dry Great Plains to the east. They are a sub-range of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, in the southern Rocky Mountains System. There are three variant names of mountain range: Cuerno Verde, Greenhorn Mountains, and Sierra Mojada.
Centre de Morphologie Mathématique
48°24′14″N 2°41′38″E﻿ / ﻿48.404°N 2.694°E﻿ / 48.404; 2.694
Centre de Morphologie Mathématique (or Center of Mathematical Morphology, or CMM) is a research center of the École des Mines de Paris, France, devoted to the research and promotion of mathematical morphology. It was created in 1968 as a result of the works of Georges Matheron and Jean Serra, who were hired as its first director and assistant director, respectively.

In 1979, the center was renamed Centre de Géostatistique et de Morphologie Mathématique, reflecting its increased scope. In 1986, the part related to geostatistics split into an independent center (Centre de Géostatistique), still directed by Matheron. Serra was named the directory of the new CMM.

The research center developed XLim which was used at the origin of Aphelion developments in 1999.

The CMM is located at Fontainebleau, France.

Mathematical morphology
Mathematical morphology (MM) is a theory and technique for the analysis and processing of geometrical structures, based on set theory, lattice theory, topology, and random functions. MM is most commonly applied to digital images, but it can be employed as well on graphs, surface meshes, solids, and many other spatial structures.

Topological and geometrical continuous-space concepts such as size, shape, convexity, connectivity, and geodesic distance, were introduced by MM on both continuous and discrete spaces. MM is also the foundation of morphological image processing, which consists of a set of operators that transform images according to the above characterizations.

The basic morphological operators are erosion, dilation, opening and closing.

MM was originally developed for binary images, and was later extended to grayscale functions and images. The subsequent generalization to complete lattices is widely accepted today as MM's theoretical foundation.
Special routes of U.S. Route 65
A total of eight special routes of U.S. Route 65 exist, divided between the U.S. states of Arkansas and Missouri. Currently, they are all business loops, although a spur route in Pine Bluff, Arkansas and bypass routes in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Springfield, Missouri both existed in the past.

Boone County, Arkansas
Boone County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas, along the Missouri border. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,373. The county seat is Harrison. It is Arkansas's 62nd county, formed on April 9, 1869.

Boone County is part of the Harrison, Arkansas, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Ain Halaqim
Ain Halaqim (Arabic: عين حلاقيم, also spelled Ein Halakim) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include al-Bayda and Masyaf to the north, al-Bayyadiyah to the northeast, Nisaf to the east, Kafr Kamrah to the southeast, Mashta al-Helu to the southwest, Ayn al-Shams to the west and Wadi al-Oyun to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ain Halaqim had a population of 1,216 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Christians.

Nisaf
Nisaf (Arabic: نيصاف, also spelled Nasaf) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Kafr Kamrah to the southeast, Baarin and Taunah to the east, al-Bayyadiyah to the northeast, al-Suwaydah to the north and Ayn Halaqim to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Nisaf had a population of 4,048 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.  The local governing council for Nisaf was established in 1977 and it became a village council in 1999.
Crotched Mountain
Crotched Mountain is a small mountain in western Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, in the United States.  The 2,063-foot (629 m) summit of the mountain is in the town of Francestown, while the western slopes of the mountain rise in the town of Bennington, and a long southern ridge of the mountain is in Greenfield. The mountain was named for its appearance. Early settlers thought its V-shaped peaks resembled the fork or "crotch" of a tree.

The Crotched Mountain Ski & Ride occupies the northern slopes of the mountain. It has 25 trails, 5 chairlifts, and 900 feet (270 m) of vertical drop. The Crotched Mountain Rehabilitation Center occupies a portion of the mountain's southern ridge in Greenfield.

The mountain was the site of the world's first wind farm. In 1980, US Windpower installed 20 wind turbines rated at 30 kilowatts each, on the shoulder of Crotched Mountain. The company went out of business and the wind turbines were dismantled years ago.

Bennington, New Hampshire
Bennington is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,501 at the 2020 census.

The main village of the town, where 338 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Bennington census-designated place (CDP) and is located on the Contoocook River at the intersection of New Hampshire routes 31 and 47.
Minister for Children, Disability and Equality
The Minister for Children, Disability and Equality (Irish: An tAire Leanaí, Míchumais agus Comhionannais) is a senior minister in the government of Ireland and leads the Department of Children, Disability and Equality.

The Minister for Children, Disability and Equality since January 2025 is Norma Foley, TD.
She is assisted by a minister of state:

Hildegarde Naughton, TD – Minister of State at the Department of Children, Disability and Equality with responsibility for disability.

Minister of State at the Department of Children, Disability and Equality
The Minister of State at the Department of Children, Disability and Equality is a junior ministerial post in the Department of Children, Disability and Equality of the Government of Ireland who performs functions delegated by the Minister for Children, Disability and Equality. The Minister of State does not hold cabinet rank.

As of 2025, there is one Minister of State:

Emer Higgins, TD – Minister of State with special responsibility for disability. Higgins is also a super junior minister, which is a minister of state in attendance at cabinet, but without a vote.
Megarididae
Megarididae is a family of true bugs in the superfamily Pentatomoidea. The family consists of a single extant genus Megaris with about 16 species restricted to the Neotropical Realm and a fossil is known from Dominican amber.

Bugs in this family are small (< 5 mm long) and are beetle-like, convex and shiny. The family can be identified by an enlarged scutellum that covers the abdomen and wings entirely and the legs have two tarsal segments. The extant genus Megaris has the second tarsal segment much smaller than the first. The ocelli are ovoid-elliptical and the eyes are constricted. The antennae are four-segmented. They are smaller than the somewhat similar members of the Canopidae which have however slightly larger, have three tarsal segments, and have the lateral pronotal margins meeting in a rounded arc. A fossil species from 20 to 15 mya amber has been described as Minysporops dominicanus.

Pentatomoidea
The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera. As hemipterans, they possess a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families (16 extant and 5 extinct). Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs.
Hachimantai, Iwate
Hachimantai (八幡平市, Hachimantai-shi) is a city located in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2020, the city had an estimated population of 25,076, and a population density of 29 persons per km2 in 10,531 households. The total area of the city is 862.30 square kilometres (332.94 sq mi).

Matsuo-Hachimantai Station
Matsuo-Hachimantai Station (松尾八幡平駅, Matsuo-Hachimantai-eki) is a railway station on the Hanawa Line in the city of Hachimantai, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Saunkskwa of Missitekw
The Saunkskwa of Missitekw (c. 1590 – 1650 or 1667), also known as the "Squaw Sachem of Mistick", the "Massachusetts Queene", or the Saunkskwa of Mystic, was a prominent leader of a Massachusett tribe who deeded large tracts of land in eastern Massachusetts to early colonial settlers.

Pawtucket tribe
The Pawtucket tribe were a confederation of Eastern Algonquian-speaking Native Americans in present-day northeastern Massachusetts and southeastern New Hampshire. They are mostly known in the historical record for their dealings with the early English colonists in the 17th century. Confusion exists about the proper endonym for this group who are variously referred to in European documents as Pawtucket, Pentucket, Naumkeag, Wamesit, or Mystic Indians, or by the name of their current sachem or sagamore.
Sozak District
Sozak (Kazakh: Созақ ауданы, Sozaq audany) is a district of Turkistan Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Sholakkorgan. Population: 56,847 (2013 estimate); 51,935 (2009 census results); 47,231 (1999 census results). It contains the titular village of Sozak.

Turkistan Region
Turkistan Region, formerly known as South Kazakhstan Region from 1992 to 2018 and Chimkent Region from 1963 to 1991, is the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, bordering Uzbekistan. It had a population of 2,088,510 as of the 2022 Kazakhstan census.

The region's capital is Turkistan, formerly Shymkent until 2018. Other cities in the region include Sayram, Kentau, Arys, Shardara, Zhetisai, Saryagash, and Lenger.
UROVESA
URO, Vehículos Especiales, S.A. (UROVESA)  is a Spanish heavy vehicle manufacturer based in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia. It is best known for the production of the URO VAMTAC, a Humvee-like four-wheel drive motor vehicle, and URO trucks.

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, alternatively abbreviated to Santiago or Compostela, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It is located in the province of A Coruña, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santiago de Compostela has a very mild climate for its latitude with heavy winter rainfall courtesy of its relative proximity to the prevailing winds from Atlantic low-pressure systems.
Castello Tesino
Castello Tesino (Castèl Tasìn or Castèlo in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Trento.

Castello Tesino borders the following municipalities: Canal San Bovo, Pieve Tesino, Scurelle, Cinte Tesino, Lamon, Grigno, and Arsiè.

Grigno
Grigno (Grigno in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Trento.

Grigno borders the following municipalities: Castello Tesino, Cinte Tesino, Ospedaletto, Arsiè, Asiago, Cismon del Grappa and Enego. it is home to the Grotta della Bigonda and Grotta Calgeron grotto complexes, as well as two prehistorical archaeological sites (Riparo Dalmeri and Grotta di Ernesto).
442nd Rocket Brigade
The 442nd Rocket Brigade was a Tactical ballistic missile brigade of the Soviet Army from 1987 to 1991. It was originally formed and based in Czechoslovakia with the Central Group of Forces but moved to Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast in 1990. The brigade was disbanded in 1991.

Central Group of Forces
The Central Group of Forces (Russian: Центральная группа войск) was a formation of the Soviet Armed Forces used to incorporate Soviet troops in Central Europe on two occasions: in Austria and Hungary from 1945 to 1955 and troops stationed in Czechoslovakia after the Prague Spring of 1968.
1984–85 Georgia Lady Bulldogs basketball team
The 1984–85 Georgia Lady Bulldogs women's basketball team represented University of Georgia in the 1984–85 college basketball season. The Lady Bulldogs, led by sixth-year head coach Andy Landers, played their home games at Stegeman Coliseum and were members of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 29–5, 7–1 in SEC play to finish as Eastern division champions. Georgia was the No. 2 seed in the West region of the NCAA tournament. They defeated Tennessee Tech, No. 18 UCLA, and No. 3 Long Beach State to reach their second NCAA Final Four in three seasons. In the National semifinal game, Georgia defeated No. 14 Western Kentucky to reach the National championship game. After holding a 31–22 lead in the first half, foul trouble caught up to the Lady Bulldogs and they were defeated by No. 5 Old Dominion, 70–65, to finish runner-up.

1984–85 Old Dominion Lady Monarchs basketball team
The 1984–85 Old Dominion Lady Monarchs basketball team represented Old Dominion University during the 1984–85 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Monarchs, led by eighth-year head coach Marianne Stanley, played their home games at the Old Dominion University Fieldhouse, and alternatively at the Norfolk Scope, in Norfolk, Virginia. They were members of the Sun Belt Conference.
Waltham Cross railway station
Waltham Cross railway station is on the Lea Valley Lines, serving the suburban town of Waltham Cross in Hertfordshire, and the neighbouring Waltham Abbey in Essex, England. It is 12 miles 63 chains (20.6 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Enfield Lock and Cheshunt. Its three-letter station code is WLC and it is in London fare zone 7.

The station and all trains serving it are operated by Greater Anglia. The station has 4 Oyster card readers rather than ticket barriers.

During the 2012 Olympic Games, Waltham Cross and Cheshunt provided the main rail access to the Lee Valley White Water Centre.

Lee Valley White Water Centre
Lee Valley White Water Centre (previously known as Broxbourne White Water Canoe Centre) is a white-water slalom centre in the Middle Lea Valley, in the Borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire. It was constructed to host the canoe slalom events of the London 2012 Olympic Games.

On 9 December 2010, the Princess Royal officially opened the venue which is owned by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority and managed by Greenwich Leisure Limited (GLL) under its "Better" brand. The £31 million ($50 million US) project to construct the centre finished on schedule and was the first newly constructed Olympic venue to be completed.

The Olympic canoe slalom competition was held from 29 July through 2 August 2012. The venue also hosted the 2015 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships.
Glasgow Science Fiction Writers' Circle
The Glasgow Science Fiction Writers’ Circle (GSFWC, aka "The Circle") is a group of amateur, semi-professional, and professional fiction authors that has met regularly in Glasgow, Scotland since 1987.

The purpose of the Circle is to provide a supportive, non-confrontational setting in which an individual's work can be reviewed, critiqued, and discussed. The group's underlying emphasis on quality and professionalism has, in recent years, contributed to the commercial publication of novels and/or short story collections by members including Michael Cobley, Hal Duncan, Gary Gibson, and Neil Williamson. Members have also had work published in magazines including Analog, Asimov's Science Fiction, Interzone, and The Third Alternative, and short story anthologies Nova Scotia: New Scottish Speculative Fiction, Other Edens II, Shipbuilding, and Year's Best Fantasy and Horror.

Hal Duncan
Hal Duncan (born 21 October 1971, real name Alasdair) is a Scottish science fiction and fantasy writer.

His works have been listed in the New Weird genre, but he prefers not to ascribe his writings to any genre.
Urnaloricus
Urnaloricus is a genus of loricifera; it is distinct enough to belong to its own family, Urnaloricidae.  Loricifera are a phylum of animals that live in marine areas only, and are very small in size. The Urnaloricus was found Southwest in the Faroe Islands, North Atlantic. It was the thirty-eighth loriciferan species found. One part of the life cycle is the Higgins larva and it is introverted with eight two-segmented clavoscalids.

The genus includes:

Urnaloricus gadi  Heiner 2009

Urnaloricus ibenae  Neves 2018

Loricifera
Loricifera (from Latin, lorica, corselet (armour) + ferre, to bear) is a phylum of very small to microscopic marine cycloneuralian sediment-dwelling animals with 43 described species and approximately 100 more that have been collected and not yet described. Their sizes range from 100 μm to ca. 1 mm.

They are characterised by a protective outer case called a lorica and their habitat is in the spaces between marine gravel to which they attach themselves. The phylum was discovered in 1983 by R.M. Kristensen, near Roscoff, France. They are among the most recently discovered groups of animals. They attach themselves quite firmly to the substrate, and hence remained undiscovered for so long. The first specimen was collected in the 1970s, and described in 1983. They are found at all depths, in different sediment types, and in all latitudes.
John A. Rose
John Alex "Eck" Rose (born June 1, 1940) is a former Kentucky politician, who served in the Kentucky State Senate from Winchester representing the 28th Senate District.  Rose was the last President Pro Tempore of the Kentucky Senate when the office was the Senate's highest after the Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky, before a 1992 constitutional amendment removed the Lieutenant Governor as the Senate's presiding officer and created the office of President of the Kentucky Senate. In 1993 Rose became the first to hold that office, and he remained in that position until 1997.

Rose ran for Governor of Kentucky in 1995, finishing third in the five-way Democratic primary won by Paul E. Patton, who also won the general election that November.  Rose's ticket won 71,740 votes to Patton's 152,203 and Secretary of State Bob Babbage's 81,352.

Rose has four daughters.

President of the Kentucky Senate
President of the Kentucky Senate is an office created by a 1992 amendment to the Constitution of Kentucky. The president of the Senate is the highest-ranking officer of that body and presides over the Senate.
Battle of Belleau Wood
The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918) was a major battle that occurred during the German spring offensive in World War I, near the Marne River in France. The battle was fought by the U.S. 2nd (under the command of Major General Omar Bundy) and 3rd Divisions along with French and British forces against an assortment of German units including elements from the 237th, 10th, 197th, 87th, and 28th Divisions.

In United States Marines Corps lore dating back to the battle, the nickname Teufel Hunden (Devil Dogs) was given to the Marines by German troops. The battle has become a key component of Marine Corps history.

2nd Battalion, 5th Marines
2nd Battalion 5th Marines (2/5 or "Two Five") is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps consisting of approximately 800 marines and sailors. They are based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California and fall under the command of the 5th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division. The battalion has seen combat in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War and the Gulf War and has deployed many times in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and the war on terror.

2/5 is the most highly decorated battalion in the Marine Corps, and their motto, "Retreat, Hell!", comes from the French trenches of World War I, when a Marine officer named Lloyd W. Williams was advised by a French officer to retreat and replied, "Retreat? Hell, we just got here!"
HGTV
HGTV (Home & Garden Television) is an American basic cable channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The network primarily broadcasts reality programming related to home improvement and real estate. It was formerly owned by the E. W. Scripps Company, which spun off its cable networks, including HGTV, into Scripps Networks Interactive. As of November 2023, HGTV was available to approximately 72,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.

Home improvement
Home improvement is the process of renovating, making improvements or making additions to one's home. Home improvement can consist of projects that upgrade an existing home interior (such as electrical and plumbing), exterior (masonry, concrete, siding, roofing) or other improvements to the property (i.e. garden work or garage maintenance/additions). Home improvement projects can be carried out for a number of different reasons; personal preference and comfort, maintenance or repair work, making a home bigger by adding rooms/spaces, as a means of saving energy, or to improve safety.