hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dick Deer Slayer
Dick Deer Slayer was a professional football player who played in the early National Football League. A Native American, Dick played for the Oorang Indians during the 1922 season. The Indians were a team composed only of Native American players and based in La Rue, Ohio. The team, more notable for its halftime and pre-game shows than its playing ability, was in existence for only two seasons. Deer Slayer left the team, and the league, after playing in just two games in 1922.

Oorang Indians
The Oorang Indians (/ˈuːræŋ/) were a traveling team in the National Football League from LaRue, Ohio (near Marion). The franchise was a novelty team put together by Walter Lingo to market his Oorang (Airedale Terrier) dog kennels. All of the Indians players were Native American, with Jim Thorpe serving as its leading player and coach. The team played in the National Football League in 1922 and 1923. Of the 20 games they played over two seasons, only one was played at "home" in nearby Marion. With a population well under a thousand people, LaRue remains the smallest town ever to have been the home of an NFL franchise, or any professional team in any league in the United States.
Muborak District
Muborak District is a district of Qashqadaryo Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Muborak. It has an area of 3,070 km2 (1,190 sq mi) and its population is 88,200 (2021 est.). The district consists of one city (Muborak), 5 urban-type settlements (Qarliq, Baxt, Qoraqum, Diyonat, Shayx) and 4 rural communities.

Qashqadaryo Region
Qashqadaryo Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan, located in the south-eastern part of the country in the basin of the river Qashqadaryo and on the western slopes of the Pamir-Alay mountains. It borders with Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Samarqand Region, Bukhara Region and Surxondaryo Region. It covers an area of 28,570 km2. The population is an estimated 3,408,345 (2022), with 57% living in rural areas. The regional capital is Qarshi (278,300 inhabitants).
Deadvlei
Deadvlei is a white clay pan located near the more famous salt pan of Sossusvlei, in a valley between the dunes in the Namib-Naukluft Park in Namibia. Also written DeadVlei or Dead Vlei, its name means "dead marsh" (from English dead, and Afrikaans vlei, meaning lake or marsh). Its Akrikaan name is Dooie Vlei. Many Internet references erroneously translate its name as "dead valley"; a vlei is not a valley (which in Afrikaans is "vallei"). Nor is the site a valley; the pan is a desiccated vlei.

Vlei
A vlei (/fleɪ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [fləi]) is a shallow minor lake, mostly of a seasonal or intermittent nature. It even might refer to seasonal ponds or marshy patches where frogs and similar marsh dwellers breed. Commonly, vleis vary in their extent, or even in the presence or absence of water, according to the fall of rain or dryness of the season. In terms of water salinity, vleis may be freshwater, saltwater, or brackish. Over time a vlei may degrade into a salt pan or clay pan, such as Dead Vlei or Sossusvlei.
Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts
The Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts is one of the nine original dioceses of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. The diocese reported 58,475 members in 2015 and 42,510 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 162 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $37,314,949. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 9,746 persons.

Barbara Harris (bishop)
Barbara Clementine Harris (June 12, 1930 – March 13, 2020) was an American bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States. She was the first woman consecrated a bishop in the Anglican Communion. She was elected suffragan bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, on September 24, 1988, and was consecrated on February 11, 1989. Eight thousand people attended the service, which was held at the Hynes Convention Center in Boston, Massachusetts.   She served in the role of suffragan bishop for 13 years, retiring in 2003.
Commando Drift Nature Reserve
Commando Drift Nature Reserve is a nature reserve in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa that is managed by Eastern Cape Parks, the park has an area of 5,827 hectares (14,400 acres). The Kommandodrif Dam is included in the reserve.

Endangered mountain zebras, black wildebeest, some species of antelope as well as over 200 species of birds can be found in the park.

Eastern Cape Parks
Eastern Cape Parks are the national parks, marine protected areas, nature reserves and other nature conservation areas in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency (ECPTA) is the governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wilderness areas and public nature reserves in the Eastern Cape, based in East London.
Reimnitzia
Reimnitzia is a fungal genus in the family Graphidaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single lichen species Reimnitzia santensis. Established in 2001 by the German lichenologist Klaus Kalb and named after his friends Michael and Christine Reimnitz, this bark-dwelling lichen is found in tropical forests across the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The species is characterized by its tiny, script-like fruiting structures with thick black borders and serves as an indicator of undisturbed, humid woodland due to its sensitivity to forest disturbance.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Humphrey Gilbert-Carter
Humphrey Gilbert-Carter (1884–1969) was a British botanist and the first scientific director of the Cambridge Botanic Garden (1921–1950), being succeeded by John Gilmour. He published a guide to the botanic garden, and a guide to writing descriptive labels for botanic gardens. One of his students, Donald Piggott, would later become a professor in the Botany School, and director of the garden.

John Gilmour (botanist)
John Scott Lennox Gilmour VMH FLS (28 September 1906 – 3 June 1986) was a British botanist, curator of the Cambridge University Herbarium, and later director of Cambridge University Botanic Garden and  Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge.
Gnosall
Gnosall (/noʊsəl/) is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Stafford, Staffordshire, England, with a population of 5,040 across 2,300 households (2021 census). It lies on the A518, approximately halfway between the towns of Newport (in Shropshire) and the county town of Staffordshire, Stafford. Gnosall Heath lies immediately south-west of the main village, joined by Station Road and separated by Doley Brook. Other nearby villages include Woodseaves, Knightley, Cowley, Ranton, Church Eaton, Bromstead Heath, Moreton, and Haughton.

Knightley, Staffordshire
Knightley is a hamlet and former manor in Staffordshire, England.52°49′23″N 2°16′52″W﻿ / ﻿52.823°N 2.281°W﻿ / 52.823; -2.281 It is situated near the villages of Gnosall and Woodseaves, now on the B5405 road.

There is a church, an agricultural contractor, a few farms and houses and an old blacksmiths.

The hamlet is on the site of a former Roman military station, which was called Mediolanum.
National Cadet Corps (Pakistan)
The National Cadet Corps (NCC) was a college and school-based programme for providing military-style training to students in Pakistan, under the auspices of the Pakistan Army. It was a component of the National Guard (a reserve force of the Pakistan Army), and was similar to the British Officers' Training Corps and Army Cadet Force.

National Guard (Pakistan)
The Pakistan National Guard (Urdu:  پاسبانِ قومی پاکستان) is a military reserve force and a component of the Pakistan Army, designed to act as a "second line of defence",: 84  together with the Pakistan Army Reserve and the paramilitary Civil Armed Forces.
Park Central, Birmingham
Park Central is a residential district situated in the south western area of Birmingham city centre (also known as Central Birmingham).

The area is formally known as Lee Bank, on which Park Central is located, had become run down over time and required redevelopment. As a result, Crest Nicholson decided to develop the area with new mid and high rise properties. Numerous 1960s residential buildings were demolished, including Haddon Tower which was destroyed on 23 July 2006. Construction began in late 2005 with the leveling of the land and, as of June 2016, 1,309 homes have been built and the construction of the final phase (known as the Lexington Quarter and consisting of 339 further units) is underway.

Park Central contains a mixture of houses and apartments, two parks; Sunset and Moonlit park designed by Crest Nicholson and their architects.

Lee Bank
52°28′9″N 1°54′7″W﻿ / ﻿52.46917°N 1.90194°W﻿ / 52.46917; -1.90194

Lee Bank was an inner city area of Birmingham, England. It was part of the Edgbaston and Ladywood wards, inside the Middle Ring Road or Middleway, which surrounds Central Birmingham.

Lee Bank's neighbouring areas are Edgbaston, Ladywood, Highgate and Balsall Heath.

Nearby is the former site of Matthew Boulton College before it moved to the Eastside, and a new development called Opal One consisting of student housing.

Famous people that have lived on the estate include the former pop duo Hot 'N' Juicy, who achieved fame when their song, Horny, was remixed by Mousse T.
Homeward Point
Homeward Point (64°51′S 63°37′W﻿ / ﻿64.850°S 63.617°W﻿ / -64.850; -63.617) is a point forming the west side of the entrance to Security Bay, on Doumer Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was first charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and so named by the British Naval Hydrographic Survey Unit in 1956–57 because the point was sighted as a prominent landmark almost daily by the crew of their motor-launch when homeward bound for Port Lockroy at the end of a day's survey work in the Bismarck Strait.

Doumer Island
Doumer Island is an island 8.3 km (4.5 nmi) long and 3.7 km (2 nmi) wide, surmounted by a snow-covered pyramidal peak, 515 m (1,690 ft), lying between the south portions of Anvers Island and Wiencke Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was first seen by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Adrien de Gerlache. It was resighted and charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named it for Paul Doumer, President of the French Chamber of Deputies and later President of France.
Chinnor and Princes Risborough Railway
The Chinnor and Princes Risborough Railway is a preserved standard gauge heritage railway with its headquarters and main station at Chinnor in South Oxfordshire, England. It runs along the foot of the Chilterns escarpment. Although a little distance away, it has since been given the nickname 'The Icknield Line' for its connection to the Lower Icknield Way.

Chinnor
Chinnor is a large village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Thame and close to the border with Buckinghamshire. The village is a spring line settlement on the Icknield Way below the Chiltern escarpment. Since 1932 the civil parish has included the village of Emmington. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 5,924.
Takeda Shingen
Takeda Shingen (武田 信玄; December 1, 1521 – May 13, 1573) was a Japanese samurai who was daimyo of Kai Province during the Sengoku period. Known as the "Tiger of Kai", he was one of the most powerful daimyo of the late Sengoku period, despite being based in a poor area with little arable land and no access to the sea.

Suruga Province
Suruga Province (駿河国, Suruga no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [sɯꜜ.ɾɯ.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), -ɾɯ.ŋa-, sɯ.ɾɯ.ɡaꜜ-, -ɾɯ.ŋaꜜ-]) was an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka Prefecture. Suruga bordered on Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces; and was bordered by the Pacific Ocean through Suruga Bay to the south. Its abbreviated form name was Sunshū (駿州).
Môtiers
Môtiers is a village near Neuchâtel, Switzerland. It was also a municipality in the district of Val-de-Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Boveresse, Buttes, Couvet, Fleurier, Les Bayards, Môtiers, Noiraigue, Saint-Sulpice and Travers merged to form the municipality of Val-de-Travers. The village is considered the capital of Val-de-Travers.

Saint-Sulpice, Neuchâtel
Saint-Sulpice was a municipality in the district of Val-de-Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Boveresse, Buttes, Couvet, Fleurier, Les Bayards, Môtiers, Noiraigue, Saint-Sulpice and Travers merged to form Val-de-Travers.
Quadrangle (Springfield, Massachusetts)
The Quadrangle is the common name for a cluster of museums and cultural institutions in Metro Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, on Chestnut Street between State and Edwards Streets.

The Dr. Seuss National Memorial Sculpture Garden, in the center of the Quadrangle, is surrounded by a park, a library, five museums, and a cathedral. A second cathedral is just on the Quadrangle's periphery.

Metro Center, Springfield, Massachusetts
Metro Center is the original colonial settlement of Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, located beside a bend in the Connecticut River. As of 2019, Metro Center features a majority of Western Massachusetts' most important cultural, business, and civic venues. Metro Center includes Springfield's Central Business District, its Club Quarter, its government center, its convention headquarters, and in recent years, it has become an increasingly popular residential district, especially among young professionals, empty-nesters, and creative types, with a population of approximately 7,000 (2010.)

Metro Center is physically separated from the Connecticut River by Interstate 91 – a 1958 urban renewal project that separated the city from its riverfront.
IBM PC DOS
IBM PC DOS (an acronym for IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System), also known as PC DOS or IBM DOS, is a discontinued disk operating system for the IBM Personal Computer, its successors, and IBM PC compatibles. It was sold by IBM from the early 1980s into the 2000s. Developed by Microsoft, it was also sold by that company to the open market as MS-DOS. Both operating systems were identical or almost identical until 1993, when IBM began selling PC DOS 6.1 with its own new features. The collective shorthand for PC DOS and MS-DOS was DOS, which is also the generic term for disk operating system, and is shared with dozens of disk operating systems called DOS.

Disk operating system
A disk operating system (DOS) is a computer operating system that requires a disk or other direct-access storage device as secondary storage. A DOS provides a file system and a means for loading and running programs stored on the disk.

The term is now historical, as most if not all operating systems for general-purpose computers now require direct-access storage devices as secondary storage.
Węgorzewo
Węgorzewo (Polish pronunciation: [vɛŋɡɔˈʐɛvɔ] ⓘ; until 1946 Polish: Węgobork; German: Angerburg) is a tourist town on the Angrapa River in northeastern Poland, within the ethnographic region of Masuria. It is the seat of Węgorzewo County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and is located not far from the border with Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. Lake Mamry is close to the town.

Węgorzewo County
Węgorzewo County (Polish: powiat węgorzewski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It was created in 2002 out of the northern part of Giżycko County. Its administrative seat and only town is Węgorzewo, which lies 95 kilometres (59 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 693.43 square kilometres (267.7 sq mi). As of 2024 its total population is 20,703, out of which the population of Węgorzewo is 10,488 and the rural population is 10,140.
Moseley Iron Bridge and Roof Company
The Moseley Iron Bridge Company was founded by Thomas William Moseley in Cincinnati, Ohio around 1858 and existed until 1879.  Moseley was an engineer, bridge builder, and designer.  John Paul Verree used T.W.H. Moseley's designs for his bridge manufacturing business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Hares Hill Road Bridge
The Hares Hill Road Bridge is a single-span, wrought iron, bowstring-shaped lattice girder bridge. It was built in 1869 by Moseley Iron Bridge and Roof Company and is the only known surviving example of this kind. The bridge spans French Creek, a Pennsylvania Scenic River.
South African Class 19A 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 19A 4-8-2 of 1929 was a steam locomotive.

In 1929, the South African Railways placed 36 Class 19A steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. Five of them were later reboilered and reclassified to Class 19AR.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
2024 Canada railway dispute
The 2024 Canada railway dispute was a labour-business dispute between the Canadian National Railway Company (CN) and Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC) and the Teamsters Canada Rail Conference that shut down the freight railway operations of both railway companies. The shutdown also included passenger trains operating on CPKC tracks, but not passenger trains running on CN tracks. The shutdown began on August 22, when CN and CPKC locked out over 9,300 employees.

The Canada Industrial Relations Board (CIRB) ordered trains to resume operation on August 26; however, on August 29, the Teamsters Canada union filed an appeal to reverse the order and restore their right to strike. This was the first time there was a simultaneous shutdown of both major Canadian railways. It was also the first time Teamsters Canada workers had a lockout; however, the union intended to strike if there was no settlement or no lockout in effect.

Canadian Pacific Kansas City
Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited, doing business as CPKC (known as Canadian Pacific Railway Limited until 2023), is a Canadian Class I freight railway, headquartered in Calgary. It operates about 32,000 kilometres (20,000 mi) of rail in Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and is the only single-line rail corporation ever to connect the three countries.
Anna Ben-Yusuf
Madame Anna Ben-Yusuf was a German milliner and teacher based in Boston and New York City. She wrote The Art of Millinery (1909), one of the first reference books on millinery technique. She was the mother of the portrait photographer Zaida Ben-Yusuf.

Zaida Ben-Yusuf
Zaida Ben-Yusuf (November 21, 1869 – September 27, 1933) was an American portrait photographer based in New York. She was known for her artistic portraits of wealthy, fashionable, and famous Americans during the turn of the 19th–20th century.

In 1901, The Ladies Home Journal featured her and six other photographers as "The Foremost Women Photographers in America". In 2008, the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery mounted an exhibition dedicated solely to Ben-Yusuf's work, re-establishing her as a key figure in the early development of fine art photography.
Alphonse Mouzon
Alphonse Lee Mouzon (November 21, 1948 – December 25, 2016) was an American musician and vocalist, most prominently known as a jazz fusion drummer. He was also a composer, arranger, producer, and actor. Mouzon gained popularity in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He was the owner of Tenacious Records, a label that primarily released Mouzon's recordings.

Larry Coryell
Larry Coryell (born Lorenz Albert Van DeLinder III; April 2, 1943 – February 19, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist, widely considered the "godfather of fusion". Alongside Gábor Szabó, he was a pioneer in melding jazz, country and rock music. Coryell was also a music teacher and a writer, penning a monthly column for Guitar Player magazine from 1977 to 1989. He collaborated with a number of other high-profile musicians, including John McLaughlin, Chick Corea, Miroslav Vitouš, Billy Cobham, Lenny White, Emily Remler, Al Di Meola, Paco de Lucía, Steve Morse and others.
St Peter's College, Oxford
St Peter's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Located on New Inn Hall Street, Oxford, United Kingdom, it occupies the site of two of the university's medieval halls dating back to at least the 14th century. The modern college was founded by Francis James Chavasse, former Bishop of Liverpool, opened as St Peter's Hall in 1929, and achieved full collegiate status as St Peter's College in 1961. Founded as a men's college, it has been coeducational since 1979.

As of 2023, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £52.8 million.

Nick Houghton
Field Marshal John Nicholas Reynolds Houghton, Baron Houghton of Richmond, GCB, CBE, DL (/ˈhɔːtən/ HAW-tən; born 18 October 1954) is a retired senior British Army officer and former Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) of the British Armed Forces. He was appointed CDS in July 2013, following the retirement of General Sir David Richards. He served as Commanding Officer of the 1st Battalion, the Green Howards in Northern Ireland during The Troubles and later became Commander of the 39th Infantry Brigade in Northern Ireland. He deployed as Senior British Military Representative and Deputy Commanding General, Multi-National Force – Iraq during the Iraq War. Later, he became Chief of Joint Operations at Permanent Joint Headquarters and served as Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff until assuming the position of CDS. Houghton retired from the British Army in July 2016, and was succeeded as CDS by Air Chief Marshal Sir Stuart Peach.