hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Istanbul Şehir University
Istanbul Şehir University (Turkish: İstanbul Şehir Üniversitesi, lit. 'City University of Istanbul') was a private, non-profit university located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was established in 2008 by the Bilim ve Sanat Vakfı (BiSaV or BSV, English: Foundation for Science and Arts). The university started its education in the academic year of 2010–11 at its campus in Altunizade, Üsküdar, following a ceremony held on October 5, 2010 that was attended by then President Abdullah Gül, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Minister of Foreign Affairs Ahmet Davutoğlu.

The university was closed down on June 30, 2020, after it faced financial difficulties stemming from a legal land dispute, which in turn was fueled by a bitter political feud. With Presidential Decree No. 2708, issued on June 30, 2020, the official authorization of Istanbul Şehir University was revoked. Following this decision, the university's campus and students were transferred to Marmara University.

Altunizade
Altunizade is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Üsküdar, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 13,459 (2022). It is located on the Asian side of the city.

The location takes its name from Altunizade İsmail Zühtü Pasha (1806–1887), a wealthy civil servant in the Ottoman Empire, who established the settlement in an  utmost area on the Anatolian part of Istanbul in the 19th century. "Altunizade" means gold trader in the Ottoman Turkish language.
The Enchanted Cottage (1945 film)
The Enchanted Cottage is a 1945 American supernatural romance film starring Dorothy McGuire, Robert Young, and Herbert Marshall, with Mildred Natwick.

It was based on the 1923 play by Arthur Wing Pinero.  The Enchanted Cottage was first adapted for the silent screen in 1924, with Richard Barthelmess and May McAvoy as the newlyweds. A third adaptation appeared in 2016.

Dorothy McGuire
Dorothy Hackett McGuire (June 14, 1916 – September 13, 2001) was an American actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Gentleman's Agreement (1947) and won the National Board of Review Award for Best Actress for Friendly Persuasion (1956). She starred as the mother in the popular films Old Yeller (1957) and Swiss Family Robinson (1960).
Cyril Wright (sailor)
Cyril Macey Wright (17 September 1885 – 26 July 1960) was an English sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics representing Great Britain.

He was a crew member of the British boat Ancora, which won the gold medal in the 7-metre class. He was the husband of fellow crew member Dorothy Wright.

By being a married couple to win an Olympic gold medal together for Great Britain, Wright and his wife achieved a feat not repeated until Kate and Helen Richardson-Walsh were part of the British team which won gold in women's hockey at the 2016 summer Olympics.

Dorothy Wright
Dorothy Winifred Wright (19 August 1889 – 1960) was an English sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics representing Great Britain.

She was a crew member of the British boat Ancora, which won the gold medal in the 7 metre class. She was the wife of fellow crew member Cyril Wright.

By being a married couple to win an Olympic gold medal together for Great Britain, Wright and her husband achieved a feat not repeated until Kate and Helen Richardson-Walsh were part of the British team which won gold in women's hockey at the 2016 summer Olympics.
HMS Acasta (1797)
HMS Acasta was a 40-gun Royal Navy fifth-rate frigate. She saw service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as the War of 1812. Although she never took part in any notable single-ship actions nor saw action in a major battle though she was at the Battle of San Domingo, she captured numerous prizes and rid the seas of many Spanish, French, and American privateers. She was finally broken up in 1821.

Battle of San Domingo
The Battle of San Domingo was a naval battle of the War of the Third Coalition fought on 6 February 1806 between squadrons of French and British ships of the line off the southern coast of the French-occupied Captaincy General of Santo Domingo (San Domingo in contemporary English-language accounts) in the Caribbean.

All five of the French ships of the line commanded by Counter-admiral Corentin Urbain de Leissègues were captured or destroyed. The Royal Navy led by Vice-admiral Sir John Thomas Duckworth lost no ships and suffered fewer than a hundred killed while the French lost approximately 1,500 men. Only a small number of the French squadron were able to escape.

The battle was the last major engagement of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars between British and French ships of the line in open water.
Franja du Plessis
Franja du Plessis (born 2 January 1994) is a Namibian singer-songwriter, who sings in Afrikaans. She appeared in the 2013 film As jy sing as Marna. Her debut album, My verhaal ("My Story"), went platinum in 2016. She is the daughter of singer Juanita du Plessis and the sister of singer Ruan Josh.

Juanita du Plessis
Juanita du Plessis ( born April 26, 1972) is a Namibian-South African Afrikaans country singer. She became known for her song Ska-Rumba. Du Plessis' singing career began in 1998 with her debut album Juanita. That year she won the CMA (Country Music Association in Namibia) awards as best singer, best songwriter and the Association's Award for outstanding achievement.

Her record sales total over 3,000,000. In 2010 she received a South African Music award in the category Best Afrikaans DVD for her 10 Year Hit Celebration Production. The DVD contains her most successful hits over the first 10 years of her singing career. She was also crowned the most popular female artist for the seventh consecutive year at the Huisgenoot's Tempo Awards ceremony in Johannesburg during 2011. In 2018 she celebrated 20 years in the music industry, releasing a greatest hits album 20 Jaar – Treffers van 2008–2018.
Doug Williams (wrestler)
Douglas Clayton Durdle (born 1 September 1972), known by his ring name Doug Williams, is an English retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his work in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he was a one–time Television Champion, two–time TNA X Division Champion and a two-time tag team champion, having held the TNA World Tag Team Championship and the IWGP Tag Team Championship once each as part of The British Invasion. He also worked as a trainer for TNA's developmental territory Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he was a one-time OVW Heavyweight Champion. Throughout his career, Williams has also worked in various promotions in the United Kingdom and abroad, including the Frontier Wrestling Alliance (FWA), One Pro Wrestling (1PW) and Pro Wrestling Noah.

The British Invasion (professional wrestling)
The British Invasion was a professional wrestling alliance stable and later tag team consisting of Nick Aldis, Doug Williams and Rob Terry. They are best known for their time spent in the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA).

Williams and Aldis are two-time tag team champions holding the IWGP and TNA World Tag Team Championships.
Optimistic Tragedy (film)
Optimistic Tragedy (Russian: Оптимистическая трагедия, translit. Optimisticheskaya tragediya) is a 1963 Soviet film directed by Samson Samsonov. It is based on the play An Optimistic Tragedy by Vsevolod Vishnevsky.

During Russian Revolution of 1917, the Marine squad, led by anarchist leader Vozhak  starts the revolt. The Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party sends a woman Commissar to form Red Army battalion from the marines to take part in the Russian Civil War.

An Optimistic Tragedy
Optimistic Tragedy (Russian: Оптимистическая трагедия) is a play written by Vsevolod Vishnevskiy in the Soviet Union in 1933 with a dedication to the 15th anniversary of the Red Army.

The play is set in St. Petersburg, and Kronstadt, Russia, after the Russian Revolution and during the Russian Civil War. Some scenes are set on a ship of the Red Navy on the Baltic Sea near Saint Petersburg. The play has three acts.
Vanadzor
Vanadzor (Armenian: Վանաձոր, IPA: [vɑnɑˈd͡zɔɾ]) is an urban municipal community and the third-largest city in Armenia, serving as the capital of Lori Province in the northern part of the country. It is located about 128 kilometres (80 miles) north of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the city had a population of 86,199, down from 148,876 reported at the 1979 official census. Currently, the town has a population of approximately 75,186 as of the 2022 census. Vanadzor is the seat of the Diocese of Gougark of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Diocese of Gougark
The Diocese of Gougark (Armenian: Գուգարաց թեմ Gougarats t'em), is a diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church encompassing the northern Lori Province of Armenia. It is named after the historic province of Gugark; the 13th province of the Kingdom of Armenia. The modern-day province of Lori was one of the cantons of historic Gugark. The diocesan headquarters are located in the city of Vanadzor. The seat of the bishop is the Saint Gregory of Narek Cathedral. Until December 2010, the churches of Tavush Province were under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Gougark, when the new Diocese of Tavush was founded by Catholicos Karekin II.

The Diocese includes 29 working churches with 14 full-time priests.
Luckenbach, Texas
Luckenbach (/ˈluːkɪnbɑːk/ LOO-kin-bahk) is an unincorporated town 13 miles (19 km) from Fredericksburg in southeastern Gillespie County, Texas, United States. Named for Carl Albert Luckenbach, son of the early settler Jacob Luckenbach, the town is known as a venue for country music and for its German-Texan heritage.

Albert Luckenbach
Carl Albert Luckenbach was the first postmaster of Luckenbach, Texas. He would later move to another village which would become known as Albert, Texas. He was the son of the early Texas settler Jacob Luckenbach (1817-1911).
Heysen Trail
The Heysen Trail is a long distance walking trail in South Australia. It runs from Parachilna Gorge, in the Flinders Ranges via the Adelaide Hills to Cape Jervis on the Fleurieu Peninsula and is approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) in length.

Adelaide Hills
The Adelaide Hills region is located in the southern Mount Lofty Ranges east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. The largest town in the area, Mount Barker, is one of Australia's fastest-growing towns. Before British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Peramangk people.

The Adelaide Hills wine region comprises areas of the Adelaide Hills above 300 m (980 ft).
The Belle of Mayfair
The Belle of Mayfair is a musical comedy composed by Leslie Stuart with a book by Basil Hood, Charles Brookfield and Cosmo Hamilton and lyrics by George Arthurs, Hood and William Caine. The story is inspired by the Shakespeare play Romeo and Juliet.

The original production opened at the Vaudeville Theatre in London on 11 April 1906, produced by Charles Frohman.  It ran for 431 performances, closing on 13 April 1907, and starred Edna May, Louie Pounds, Arthur Williams, Camille Clifford and Courtice Pounds.  Hood withdrew his name from the original production after Frohman started altering the text to suit casting changes that occurred during the run.  Some of these changes resulted from disputes between the female leads and the management, one of which resulted in court action.  Edna May stormed out of the production, and the role was assumed by Phyllis Dare, making her a star.

Edna May
Edna May Pettie (September 2, 1878 – January 1, 1948), known on stage as Edna May, was an American actress and singer.  A popular postcard beauty, May was famous for her leading roles in Edwardian musical comedies.
William Harris (Birmingham Liberal)
William Harris (1826 – 25 March 1911) was a Liberal politician and strategist in Birmingham, England, in an era of dramatic municipal reform. On his death, he was described by one obituary-writer as "one of the founders of modern Birmingham". J. L. Garvin called him "the Abbé Sieyès of Birmingham" (in allusion to one of the chief political theorists of the French Revolutionary era); and Asa Briggs "a most active and intelligent wire-puller behind the scenes". He was dubbed the "father of the Caucus", the highly organised and controversial Liberal party machine that had its origins in Birmingham, but was afterwards introduced at national level to the National Liberal Federation. He served as the first Chairman of the National Liberal Federation from 1877 to 1882. By profession he was an architect and surveyor; and he was also a prolific journalist and author.

National Liberal Federation
The National Liberal Federation (1877–1936) was the union of all English and Welsh (but not Scottish) Liberal Associations. It held an annual conference which was regarded as being representative of the opinion of the party's rank and file and was broadly the equivalent of a present-day party conference.
René Farrait
Rene Farrait Nieves (born November 2, 1967) is a Puerto Rican singer, actor, and former member of the boy band Menudo.

After leaving the band, Farrait enjoyed a brief solo career.

In the 1980s, Rene Farrait reunited with former Menudo bandmates  Xavier Serbiá, Ray Reyes and Johnny Lozada (Reyes and Farrait were not Menudo members at the same time) and formed a trio called Proyecto M. (Reyes replaced Serbiá as a member of Proyecto M).

In 1998, Farrait joined five other former band members (including Reyes and Lozada) for a comeback tour named El Reencuentro.

Following El Reencuentro's break up in 2015, Farrait, along with Reyes and fellow former Menudo members Miguel Cancel, Charlie Massó (who had substituted Farrait as member of Menudo) and Robert Avellanet returned to touring, this time being allowed to use the name Menudo again but using the name Menudomania Forever.

Robert Avellanet
Roberto Alejandro Avellanet Negrón, known professionally as Robert Avellanet or Roba, is a Puerto Rican singer who was a member of Menudo from 1988 to 1991. His uncle is the famous Puerto Rican singer Chucho Avellanet.
Siege of Lille (1667)
The siege of Lille took place during the War of Devolution. Louis XIV's forces besieged Lille from 10 August to 28 August 1667. It was the only major engagement of the war. Lille was the first major victory for Vauban’s siege techniques. Louis XIV, arguing that the Spanish dowry of his wife Maria Theresa of Spain had not been paid, began to expand French borders to the north and east, invading the Spanish Netherlands. This began a conflict with Spain that became the War of Devolution. After taking Charleroi, Tournai and Douai, French troops laid siege to Lille, at that time part of the county of Flanders under Spanish rule. Siege techniques applied by the French military engineer Vauban were instrumental in their capture.

War of Devolution
The War of Devolution took place from May 1667 to May 1668. In the course of the war, France occupied large parts of the Spanish Netherlands and Franche-Comté, both then provinces of the Holy Roman Empire ruled by Spain. Its name derives from an obscure law known as the Jus Devolutionis, used by Louis XIV to claim that these territories had "devolved" to him by right of marriage to Maria Theresa of Spain.

The French encountered minimal resistance, but Louis returned much of their gains in the May 1668 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. The terms were agreed by Emperor Leopold I in January 1668, reinforced by the Triple Alliance of England, Sweden and the Dutch Republic.

The French invasion of the Spanish Netherlands marked the end of the long-standing Franco-Dutch alliance, and was the first of Louis XIV's wars of expansion that dominated Western Europe for the last decades of the 17th century.
Gamal Fathy
Gamal Fathy (Arabic: جمال فتحي; born 29 January 1985) is an Egyptian sabre fencer. Fathy represented Egypt at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed in two sabre events. At his first event, the men's individual sabre, Fathy lost the first preliminary round match to Canada's Philippe Beaudry, with a score of 8–15. A few days later, he joined his teammates Tamim Ghazy, Shadi Talaat, and Mahmoud Samir for the men's team sabre. Fathy and his team, however, lost the seventh place match to the Hungarian team (led by Áron Szilágyi), with a total score of 25 touches.

Shadi Talaat
Shadi Talaat (Arabic: شادي طلعت; born 11 August 1989) is an Egyptian sabre fencer. Talaat represented Egypt at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed in two sabre events. For his first event, the men's individual sabre, Talaat lost the first preliminary round match to Belarus' Valery Pryiemka, with a score of 7–15. Few days later, he joined teammates Tamim Ghazy, Gamal Fathy, and Mahmoud Samir for the men's team sabre. Talaat and his team, however, lost the seventh place match to the Hungarian team (led by Áron Szilágyi), with a total score of 25 touches.
Texas in July
Texas in July is an American metalcore band from Ephrata, Pennsylvania, formed in 2006. They released an EP, Salt of the Earth, and their debut full-length album, I Am, also produced by Slovak, through CI Records. After signing with Equal Vision Records, they released three more studio albums: One Reality on April 26, 2011; a self-titled album on October 9, 2012; and finally Bloodwork on September 16, 2014. The band broke up at the end of 2015. After the disbanding, JT Cavey went on to join Erra and Chris Davis went on to join The Ghost Inside.

Ephrata, Pennsylvania
Ephrata (/ˈɛfrətə/ EF-rə-tə; Pennsylvania German: Effridaa) is a borough in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located 42 miles (68 km) east of Harrisburg and about 60 miles (97 km) west-northwest of Philadelphia and is named after Ephrath, the former name for current-day Bethlehem. In its early history, Ephrata was a pleasure resort and an agricultural community.

Ephrata's population has steadily grown over the last century. In 1900, 2,452 people lived there, and by 1940, the population had increased to 6,199. The population was 13,794 at the 2020 census. Ephrata is the most populous borough in Lancaster County.

Ephrata's sister city is Eberbach, Germany, the city where its founders originated.
Garth Davis
Garth Davis (born 1974) is an Australian television, advertising, and film director, best known for directing the films Lion (2016), and biblical drama Mary Magdalene (2018). He earlier directed episodes of the series Top of the Lake (2013).

Mary Magdalene (2018 film)
Mary Magdalene is a 2018 biblical drama film about the woman of the same name, written by Helen Edmundson and Philippa Goslett and directed by Garth Davis. It stars Rooney Mara, Joaquin Phoenix, Chiwetel Ejiofor, and Tahar Rahim.

The film had its world premiere at the National Gallery in London on February 26, 2018. It was released in the United Kingdom on March 16, 2018, by Universal Pictures, in Australia on March 22, 2018, by Transmission Films, and in the United States on April 12, 2019, by IFC Films. It is the last film score completed by composer Jóhann Jóhannsson before his death, created in collaboration with fellow Icelander Hildur Guðnadóttir.
Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1500 metres event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City was held on 18 to the 20 of October. Fifty-four athletes from 37 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Kenyan Kip Keino, who beat World record holder Jim Ryun, who struggled to adapt to the altitude of Mexico City. It was the first medal for Kenya in the 1500 metres. Ryun's silver was the United States's first medal in the event since 1952. Bodo Tümmler took bronze, the first medal for West Germany as a separate nation.

As of 2023, the winning margin of 2.98 seconds remains the only time the men's 1500 metres has been won at the Olympics by more than two seconds since the introduction of fully automatic timing.

Jim Ryun
James Ronald Ryun (born April 29, 1947) is an American former Republican politician and Olympic track and field athlete, who at his peak was widely considered the world's top middle-distance runner. He won a silver medal in the 1500 m at the 1968 Summer Olympics, and was the first high school athlete to run a mile in under four minutes. He is the last American to hold the world record in the mile run. Ryun later served in the United States House of Representatives from 1996 to 2007, representing Kansas's 2nd congressional district.
DOS extender
A DOS extender is a computer software program running under DOS that enables software to run in a protected mode environment even though the host operating system is only capable of operating in real mode.

DOS extenders were initially developed in the 1980s following the introduction of the Intel 80286 processor (and later expanded upon with the Intel 80386), to cope with the memory limitations of DOS.

DOS/4G
DOS/4G is a 32-bit DOS extender developed by Rational Systems (later Tenberry Software). It allows DOS programs to eliminate the 640 KB conventional memory limit by addressing up to 64 MB of extended memory on Intel 80386 and above machines.
Partners (2012 TV series)
Partners is an American television sitcom that aired on CBS from September 24 to November 12, 2012, on Monday nights at 8:30 p.m., following the sitcom How I Met Your Mother. The series was created by Will & Grace creators Max Mutchnick and David Kohan, who also served as the show's executive producers, and stars Michael Urie, David Krumholtz, Sophia Bush, and Brandon Routh.

Michael Urie
Michael Lorenzo Urie (born August 8, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for his portrayal of Marc St. James on the ABC comedy drama television series Ugly Betty and Brian on the Apple TV+ series Shrinking, a role for which he won a Critics Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor and received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series nomination. He can be heard as Bobby Kerns in As the Curtain Rises, an original podcast soap opera from the Broadway Podcast Network.
Adelaide Thunderbirds Futures
The Adelaide Thunderbirds Futures is an Australian netball team that represents Netball South Australia in the Australian Netball League. In 2008 they were founder members of the ANL. Between 2008 and 2011 they played as South Australia. After rebranding to the Southern Force, the team was ANL champions in 2012 and 2022 and were runners-up in 2015. The Adelaide Thunderbirds Futures are effectively the representative team of the Netball South Australia Premier League and the reserve team of Adelaide Thunderbirds.

Netball South Australia
Netball South Australia is the governing body for netball in South Australia. It is affiliated to Netball Australia. It is responsible for organizing and managing the Netball South Australia Premier League as well as numerous other leagues and competitions for junior and youth teams. It is also responsible for organizing and managing two elite level representatives teams, Adelaide Thunderbirds, who compete in the Suncorp Super Netball, and Southern Force who compete in the Australian Netball League. Its headquarters are based at Netball SA Stadium.