hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royal Naval Air Service
The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy, under the direction of the Admiralty's Air Department, and existed formally from 1 July 1914 to 1 April 1918, when it was merged with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force (RAF), the world's first independent air force.

It was replaced by the Fleet Air Arm, initially consisting of those RAF units that normally operated from ships, but emerging as a separate unit similar to the original RNAS by the time of the Second World War.

HMS Hermes (1898)
HMS Hermes was a Highflyer-class protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the 1890s. She spent much of her early career as flagship for various foreign stations before returning home in 1913 to be assigned to the reserve Third Fleet. The ship was modified later that year as the first experimental seaplane carrier in the Royal Navy. In that year's annual fleet manoeuvers, she was used to evaluate how aircraft could cooperate with the fleet and if aircraft could be operated successfully at sea for an extended time. The trials were a success and Hermes was paid off in December at their conclusion. She was recommissioned at the beginning of World War I in August 1914 for service as an aircraft ferry and depot ship for the Royal Naval Air Service. She was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine in the Straits of Dover that October, with the loss of 21 lives.
Gerloc
Gerloc (or Geirlaug), baptised in Rouen as Adela (or Adèle) in 912, was the daughter of Rollo, of Normandy, Count of Rouen, and his wife, Poppa of Bayeux. She was the sister of William I Longsword of Normandy.

In 935, she married William Towhead, the future Count of Poitou and Duke of Aquitaine. They had two children together before she died on 14 October 962:

William IV of Aquitaine

Adelaide of Aquitaine, wife of Hugh Capet.

William IV, Duke of Aquitaine
William IV (c. 937 – 3 February 994), called Fierebras  (meaning "Proud Arm", from the French Fier-à-bras (which means Proud-to-Arm), in turn from the Latin Ferox brachium) (which means A Fierce Arm), was the Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou from 963 to his retirement in 990.
Drummond-class corvette
The Drummond class were three corvettes designed and built in France based on the A69 D'Estienne d'Orves-class avisos. The ships were commissioned in the Argentine Navy between 1978 and 1982.

The ships, when operational, served in the "Atlantic Area of Operations" of the Argentine Navy, based on Mar del Plata Naval Base, province of Buenos Aires. Their mission was to patrol Argentina's exclusive economic zone and to enforce fishing regulations, but according to reports in November 2012 they "hardly sail[ed] because of lack of resources for operational expenses". As of 2020 only Granville, which had been refitted in mid-2019, was reported operational, with the other ships of the class in reserve. In 2024, Granville was retired while the other two vessels of the class were put up for auction.

D'Estienne d'Orves-class aviso
The D'Estienne d'Orves-class avisos, du typa A69, is a class of French Navy avisos, comparable in size to a light corvette, mainly designed for coastal anti-submarine defence, but are also available for high sea escort missions, notably in support missions with the Strategic Oceanic Force (FOST). Built on a simple and robust design, they have an economical and reliable propulsion system which allows them to be used for overseas presence missions. In addition to service in France, they have been ordered by the South African Navy (not delivered), Argentinian Navy and Turkish Navy.

The class takes its name from the lead ship, named in honour of Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves, a French naval officer and member of the French Resistance.
A. K. Dewdney
Alexander Keewatin Dewdney (August 5, 1941 – March 9, 2024) was a Canadian mathematician, computer scientist, author, filmmaker, and conspiracy theorist. Dewdney was the son of Canadian artist and author Selwyn Dewdney and art therapist Irene Dewdney, and brother of poet Christopher Dewdney.

Christopher Dewdney
Christopher Dewdney (born May 9, 1951) is a prize-winning Canadian poet and essayist. His poetry  reflects his interest in natural history. His book  Acquainted with the Night, an investigation into darkness was nominated for both the Charles Taylor Prize and the Governor General's Award.
Nishitetsu 8000 series
The Nishitetsu 8000 series (西鉄8000形) was an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type that was operated by the private railway operator Nishi-Nippon Railroad (Nishitetsu) in Japan on the Nishitetsu Tenjin Ōmuta Line from 1989 to 2017.

Nishi-Nippon Railroad
The Nishi-Nippon Railroad Company, Ltd. (西日本鉄道株式会社, Nishinippon Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), also called Nishitetsu (西鉄) or NNR, TYO: 9031 is one of Japan's "Big 16" private railroad companies. With headquarters in Fukuoka, it operates local and highway buses, supermarkets, real estate and travel agencies, as well as railways in Fukuoka Prefecture. It also owns the Chikuhō Electric Railroad.

In addition, in 1943 the company owned the Nishitetsu Baseball Club, a team in the Japanese Baseball League. From 1950 to 1972, the company owned the Lions (in 1950, known as the Clippers), a Pacific League baseball team.

The company introduced nimoca, a smart card ticketing system, in May 2008.
Bangladesh and the Indo-Pacific Strategy
The Indo-Pacific strategy is the U.S. Government's vision for a free, open, and secure Indo-Pacific region in which countries of the Indo-Pacific are empowered to tackle 21st-century challenges and seize emerging opportunities. Bangladesh, strategically located in the Bay of Bengal, serves as a gateway to South and Southeast Asia. Its position makes it a key participant in the Indo-Pacific strategy of the United States, India, Japan, and Australia. Bangladesh views stability and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific as crucial for achieving its goal of becoming a modern, developed nation. The country aims for a free, open, and inclusive Indo-Pacific to ensure long-term resilience and shared prosperity for all.

Indo-Pacific Economic Framework
The Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) is an economic initiative launched by U.S. President Joe Biden on May 23, 2022. The framework launched with fourteen participating founding member nations in the Indo-Pacific region with an open invitation for other countries to join.
Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine
The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL (2000–2012) was a research and teaching centre within University College London dedicated to the history of medicine.  It was created through a grant from the Wellcome Trust, on the model of other Wellcome Trust Centres, as a national and international centre of excellence in its field. As a university department, it was administered by an internal governance committee chaired by the centre's Director, who was in turn advised by an international committee of external academic specialists in the history of science and medicine; until 2009, the Director reported to the Dean of Life Sciences and a governing committee on which the dean also sat.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
Cerarioporia
Cerarioporia is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Cerarioporia cystidiata, a wood-decaying poroid crust fungus found in tropical China. Cerarioporia resembles fungi placed in the genus Antrodia, but can be distinguished by its waxy to resinous fruit bodies, and microscopically by the thick-walled, encrusted cystidia. Additionally, Cerarioporia causes a white rot, while Antrodia are brown-rot fungi.

Cerarioporia is a member of the "core polyporoid clade", a phylogenetic grouping of fungi that is roughly equivalent to the family Polyporaceae. The generic name Cerarioporia, derived from Latin roots, refers to the waxy tube layer that is characteristic of this fungus.

Polyporaceae
The Polyporaceae (/pɔːliːpoʊreɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota.  The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough.  Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth).  Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.
1974 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1974 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1974. These tests followed the 1973 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1975 Soviet nuclear tests series.

1975 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1975 nuclear test series was a group of 19 nuclear tests conducted in 1975. These tests followed the 1974 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1976 Soviet nuclear tests series.
Ravi River
30°35′N 71°49′E﻿ / ﻿30.583°N 71.817°E﻿ / 30.583; 71.817

The Ravi River is a river in South Asia that flows through northwestern India and eastern Pakistan forming the boundary between the two nations for about 50 miles before travelling westwards across eastern Pakistan. It is one of five major rivers of the Punjab region.

Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the Ravi and two other rivers of the Punjab (Sutlej and Beas River) were allocated to India. Subsequently, the Indus Basin Project was developed in Pakistan, which transfers waters from western rivers of the Indus system to replenish the portion of the Ravi River lying in that country. Many inter-basin water transfers, irrigation, hydropower and multipurpose projects have been built in India.

Pir Panjal Range
The Pir Panjal Range (/piːr pʌnˈdʒɑːl/) is a range of mountains in the Lower Himalayan region located in the Western Himalayas of the northern Indian subcontinent. It runs southeast to northwest between the Beas and Neelam/Kishanganga rivers, in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh and Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, with its northwestern end extending into territory administered by Pakistan. The Himalayas show a gradual elevation towards the Dhauladhar and Pir Panjal ranges. Pir Panjal is the largest and westernmost range of the Lesser Himalayas. Near the bank of the Sutlej River, it dissociates itself from the main Himalayan range and forms a divide between the Beas and Ravi rivers on one side and the Chenab on the other. Further west, the Pir Panjal range forms the southwestern boundary of the Kashmir Valley, separating it from the hills of Jammu region, forming a divide between the Jhelum River and Chenab River.
Jirapa/Lambussie District
Jirapa/Lambussie District is a former district that was located in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988. However on 29 February 2008, it was split off into two new districts: Jirapa Municipal District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018; capital: Jirapa) and Lambussie-Karni District (capital: Lambussie). The district assembly was located in the northwest part of Upper West Region and had Jirapa as its capital town.

Lambussie-Karni District
Lambussie Karni District is one of the eleven districts in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Jirapa/Lambussie District in 1988; until the northern part of the district was later split off to create Lambussie-Karni District on 29 February 2008; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Jirapa District (which it was later elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Jirapa Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the northwest part of Upper West Region and has Lambussie as its capital town.
Container format
A container format (informally, sometimes called a wrapper) or metafile is a file format that allows multiple data streams to be embedded into a single file, usually along with metadata for identifying and further detailing those streams.  Notable examples of container formats include archive files (such as the ZIP format) and formats used for multimedia playback (such as Matroska, MP4, and AVI). Among the earliest cross-platform container formats were Distinguished Encoding Rules and the 1985 Interchange File Format.

Computer file
A computer file is a named collection of data treated as a unit by the system that manages it. Today, this system is called a file system. Many older computer systems lacked a distinct file system per se, yet a management feature is required in order to provide a file abstraction.

Files can be shared with and transferred between computers and mobile devices via removable media, networks, or the Internet.

Different types of computer files are designed for different purposes. A file may be designed to store a written message, a document, a spreadsheet, an image, a video, a program, or any wide variety of other kinds of data. Certain files can store multiple data types at once.

By using computer programs, a person can open, read, change, save, and close a computer file. Computer files may be reopened, modified, and copied an arbitrary number of times.
1947 California Golden Bears baseball team
The 1947 California Golden Bears baseball team represented the University of California in the 1947 NCAA baseball season. The Golden Bears played their home games at Evans Diamond. The team was coached by Clint Evans in his 18th season at California.

The Golden Bears won the inaugural College World Series, defeating the Yale Bulldogs two games to none in the best of three championship series.

1947 Yale Bulldogs baseball team
The 1947 Yale Bulldogs baseball team represented the Yale University in the 1947 NCAA baseball season. The Bulldogs played their home games at Yale Field. The team was coached by Ethan Allen in his 2nd season at Yale.

The Bulldogs advanced to the inaugural College World Series, falling to the California Golden Bears two games to none in the best of three series.

Future president George H. W. Bush was a first baseman on the team.
Ystradgynlais RFC
Ystradgynlais Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union club based in Ystradgynlais, Wales. The club is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union and is also a feeder club for the Ospreys.

The club was established in 1890.

Ystradgynlais
Ystradgynlais  (English: /ˌʌstrədˈɡʌnlaɪs/; Welsh: [ˌəstradˈɡənlais] ⓘ) is a town in southwest Powys, Wales. It is located on the River Tawe, and was within the boundaries of the former county of Brecknockshire. The town has a high proportion of Welsh language-speakers. The community includes Cwmtwrch, Abercraf and Cwmgiedd, with a population of 8,092 in the 2011 census; it is the second-largest town in Powys. It forms part of the Swansea Urban Area where the Ystradgynlais subdivision has a population of 10,248.
Tom Fernie
Thomas Robert Fernie (1 February 1890 – 13 December 1952) was a Scottish professional golfer. He won the Scottish Professional Championship four times and finished in 5th place in the 1923 Open Championship. He was the son of Willie Fernie who won the 1883 Open Championship.

Willie Fernie (golfer)
William Fernie (7 May 1855 – 24 June 1924) was a Scottish professional golfer and golf course architect from St Andrews. He won the 1883 Open Championship at Musselburgh Links. The tournament was scheduled to last four rounds of the nine-hole course on a Friday in November. Fernie tied with defending champion Bob Ferguson, with both men shooting 158. The following day Fernie won a playoff by a single stroke.
Sophie Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
Sophia Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (7 January 1634 in Darmstadt – 7 October 1663 in Bingenheim, now part of Echzell), was a Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt by birth and a Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg by marriage.

She was a daughter of Landgrave George II of Hesse-Darmstadt (1605–1661) from his marriage to Sophia Eleonore (1609–1671), a daughter of Elector John George I of Saxony.

Sophie Eleonore of Saxony
Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a duchess of Saxony by birth and the landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II. She was the eldest surviving child of John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia.
Leo Junek
Leo (Leopold) Junek (25 September 1899 – 13 July 1993) was a Croatian–French painter. He was a founding member of the Group Zemlja (Earth Group), one of the most influential movements in the history of Croatian art. He studied at the Zagreb Academy of Fine Arts, and subsequently moved to France, where he spent the rest of his life and was known as Lorris Junec. He is remembered for his sharp, geometric, colourful landscapes inspired by Post-Impressionism, Cubism, Fauvism, and Dada.

Krsto Hegedušić
Krsto Hegedušić (26 November 1901 – 7 April 1975) was a Croatian painter, illustrator and theater designer. His most famous paintings depict the harsh life of the Croatian peasantry in the manner of naive art. He was one of the founders of the Earth Group.
Ridgefield Park High School
Ridgefield Park Junior-Senior High School is a six-year comprehensive community public high school that serves students in seventh through twelfth grade from Ridgefield Park, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Ridgefield Park Public Schools.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,157 students and 89.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.9:1. There were 377 students (32.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 163 (14.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Students from Little Ferry attend the district's high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Little Ferry Public Schools that has been in place since 1953. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1930.

Ridgefield Park Public Schools
The Ridgefield Park Public Schools is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from the Village of Ridgefield Park, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of four schools, had an enrollment of 2,178 students and 180.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.1:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "DE", the fifth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.

Students from Little Ferry attend the high school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Little Ferry Public Schools that has been in place since 1953.
WKVG (FM)
WKVG (94.5 MHz) is a noncommercial educational FM radio station licensed to Greenville, South Carolina, United States, serving Upstate South Carolina including the Greenville-Spartanburg market. WKVG is owned and operated by the Educational Media Foundation, and is an affiliate of K-Love.

WKVG has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations. The transmitter is on Tower Road in Travelers Rest.  WKVG broadcasts using HD Radio technology. WKVG is north western South Carolina's primary entry point station for the Emergency Alert System.

WPJF
WPJF (1260 AM) is Christian Talk in Spanish radio station licensed to Greenville, South Carolina, United States, it serves the Upstate South Carolina area. The outlet is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast at 1260 kHz with 5,000 watts of power daytime and 15 watts at night. It first began broadcasting in 1948. The station is currently owned by Iglesia Vida y Esperanza de Greenville, South Carolina.
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.

Chapel of the Cross (Chapel Hill, North Carolina)
Chapel of the Cross is a parish of the Episcopal Church of the United States in Chapel Hill in the Diocese of North Carolina.  It is the spiritual home to more than 1,600 communicants, including numerous students studying at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Montaldeo
Montaldeo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Alessandria.

Montaldeo borders the following municipalities: Casaleggio Boiro, Castelletto d'Orba, Lerma, Mornese, Parodi Ligure, and San Cristoforo.

Mornese
Mornese (Ligurian: Morneize) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Alessandria.

Mornese borders the following municipalities: Bosio, Casaleggio Boiro, Montaldeo, and Parodi Ligure.
Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains
The Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains (German: Mühlig-Hofmann-Gebirge) is a major group of associated mountain features extending east to west for 100 km (62 mi) between the Gjelsvik Mountains and the Orvin Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 3,148 metres (10,328 ft), the massive Jøkulkyrkja Mountain forms the highest point in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains.

Orvin Mountains
The Orvin Mountains (Norwegian: Orvinfjella) constitute a major group of mountain ranges, extending for about 100 km (62 mi) between the Wohlthat Mountains and the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains in Queen Maud Land. With its summit at 3,055 metres (10,023 ft), the massive Sandeggtind Peak forms the highest point in the Conrad Mountains, a subrange of the Orvin Mountains.