hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VPB-23
VPB-23 was a patrol bombing squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 10-S (VP-10S) on 1 July 1930, redesignated Patrol Squadron 10-F (VP-10F) on 17 July 1933, redesignated Patrol Squadron 10 (VP-10) on 1 October 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 25 (VP-25) on 1 July 1939, redesignated Patrol Squadron 23 (VP-23) on 1 August 1941, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 23 (VPB-23) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 25 January 1946.

VPB-11
VPB-11 was a Patrol Bombing Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Torpedo & Bombing Squadron 19-D14 (VT-19D14) on 7 February 1924, redesignated Torpedo & Bombing Squadron 6D14 (VT-6D14) on 1 July 1927, redesignated Patrol Squadron 6-B (VP-6B) on 1 April 1931, redesignated Patrol Squadron 6-F (VP-6F) on 17 July 1933, redesignated Patrol Squadron 6 (VP-6) on 1 October 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 23 (VP-23) on 1 July 1939, redesignated Patrol Squadron 11 (VP-11) on 1 August 1941, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 11 (VPB-11) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 20 June 1945.
Burwood Highway
Burwood Highway  (and its western section as Toorak Road) is a major transportation link with Melbourne's eastern fringe at the foot of the Dandenong Ranges, linking the suburbs of Hawthorn and Belgrave. The highway is considered a major link for people who live in the Dandenong Ranges and acts as one of the major feeder roadway in the area along with Canterbury Road, Ferntree Gully Road, EastLink and Wellington Road.

Belgrave, Victoria
Belgrave is a town and outer suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, located 36 km east of Melbourne's central business district,  within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Belgrave recorded a population of 3,894 at the 2021 census.
National Democratic Party (British Virgin Islands)
The National Democratic Party (or NDP) is a political party in the British Virgin Islands.  In the 2019 general election the NDP was voted out of office; it most recently held power after winning the 2015 general election.

2015 British Virgin Islands general election
General elections were held in the British Virgin Islands on 8 June 2015 to elect members to the House of Assembly.  The result was a landslide victory for the incumbent National Democratic Party (NDP) over the opposition Virgin Islands Party (VIP).  No minor parties or independent candidates won any seats.  Unusually, every single incumbent candidate who stood in their original seat was victorious.

The supervisor of elections was Juliette Penn.  Prior to polling day, the VIP had complained to Governor John Duncan of alleged irregularities relating to the conduct advance polling day. In a statement the supervisor of elections acknowledged irregularities, but indicated that they were of a minor and technical nature, and were swiftly rectified once noticed. The report of the international Election Observer Mission noted that the election "was peaceful and vibrant and saw high levels of public engagement."
Dollarway School District
Dollarway School District No. 2 (DSD) was a school district headquartered in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, United States. With over 1,600 students and employing more than 300 educators and staff, the district had three active school campuses at the end of its life.

It served sections of Pine Bluff as well as the municipalities of Altheimer, Sherrill, and Wabbaseka. It was one of four school districts to serve sections of Pine Bluff. It also served the unincorporated areas of Hardin, Lake Dick, New Gascony, Pastoria, Plum Bayou, Sweden, Tucker, and Wright.

It merged into the Pine Bluff School District effective July 1, 2021.

Pastoria, Arkansas
Pastoria, also known as Pastoria Township, in an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Arkansas. It lost population to Sherrill, Arkansas after a rail line bypassed it in the 19th century.

R. Sherrill, listed as a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1882 was listed as residing in Pastoria.

The Antioch Missionary Baptist Church Cemetery in the area is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The church was established by an African American community.
Sorell Causeway
The Sorell Causeway is a causeway that carries the Tasman Highway across Pitt Water-Orielton Lagoon, from the western side of Midway Point to Sorell in the south-east of Tasmania, Australia. The causeway and adjacent McGees Bridge provide vital links between Hobart and two of Tasmania's principal tourist attractions - Port Arthur Historic Site on the Tasman Peninsula and the picturesque East Coast via the Tasman Highway.

Sorell, Tasmania
Sorell is a town in Tasmania, Australia, north-east of Hobart. It is located on the Tasman Highway at the junction with the Arthur Highway. Sorell is one of Tasmania's oldest towns, being first settled in 1808 as a small farming community and becoming an official township in 1821. At the 2006 census, Sorell had a population of 1,546, and at the 2011 census, a population of  2,476. and at the 2016 census, a population of  2,907.
Anita Dobson
Anita Dobson, OBE (born 29 April 1949) is an English actress and singer. She is best known for playing landlady Angie Watts in the BBC soap opera EastEnders from the show's inception in 1985 until 1988. She achieved a top five hit in the UK singles chart in 1986 with "Anyone Can Fall in Love", a vocal version of the theme music of EastEnders, and briefly reprised her role for the show's 40th anniversary in 2025.

Dobson's other television roles include Cath in the 1989 ITV sitcom Split Ends and Mrs Flood, later revealed to be the Rani, in Doctor Who from 2023 to 2025. In 2003, she was nominated for the Olivier Award for Best Actress for the National Theatre production of Frozen. She has also starred in the West End as Mama Morton in the musical Chicago (2003) and Gertrude in Hamlet (2005), making her RSC debut in the 2012 revival of The Merry Wives of Windsor.  Her film appearances include Darkness Falls (1999) and London Road (2015).

Split Ends (British TV series)
Split Ends is a British sitcom made by Granada Television.  It ran for one series on ITV between 7 June and 12 July 1989. It was written by Len Richmond and directed by Alan J. W. Bell.

Cath (played by Anita Dobson) is a woman in her thirties, who runs a hairdresser's shop. Each episode sees Cath trying to decide if she wants to be with Clint (Harry Ditson) or David (Peter Blake). The series also featured Barbara New and Nimmy March in supporting roles.
Morse theory
In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse theory allows one to find CW structures and handle decompositions on manifolds and to obtain substantial information about their homology.

Before Morse, Arthur Cayley and James Clerk Maxwell had developed some of the ideas of Morse theory in the context of topography. Morse originally applied his theory to geodesics (critical points of the energy functional on the space of paths). These techniques were used in Raoul Bott's proof of his periodicity theorem.

The analogue of Morse theory for complex manifolds is Picard–Lefschetz theory.

Hessian matrix
In mathematics, the Hessian matrix, Hessian or (less commonly) Hesse matrix is a square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a scalar-valued function, or scalar field. It describes the local curvature of a function of many variables. The Hessian matrix was developed in the 19th century by the German mathematician Ludwig Otto Hesse and later named after him. Hesse originally used the term "functional determinants". The Hessian is sometimes denoted by H or  or  or  or .
George McCall Smith
George Marshall McCall Smith (13 November 1882 – 27 December 1958) was a Scottish medical doctor, medical superintendent and community leader in New Zealand. He was born in Nairn, Scotland in 1882, emigrating to New Zealand in 1914. For 34 years he ran Rawene Hospital, campaigned for state funding of health and is remembered for creating a health service for the remote Hokianga area.

Nairn
Nairn (/ˈnɛərn/; Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Narann) is a town and former royal burgh in the Highland Council area of Scotland. It is an ancient fishing port and market town around 17 miles (27 km) east of Inverness, at the point where the River Nairn enters the Moray Firth. It is the traditional county town of Nairnshire.

At the 2022 census, Nairn had a population of 9,394, making it the third-largest settlement in the Highland Council area, behind Inverness and Fort William. Nairn is best known as a seaside resort, with two golf courses, beaches, a community centre and arts venue, a small theatre (The Little Theatre) and a small museum, providing information on the local area and incorporating the collection of the former Fishertown museum.
Laurance Rockefeller Jr.
Laurance "Larry" Spelman Rockefeller Jr., (born 1944) is an American environmental lawyer. He worked for the Natural Resources Defense Council for 25 years. Rockefeller is now a trustee of the organization.  He stated that his family all shared an interest in environmental matters. "If we see a problem, we roll up our sleeves, enlist the help of others, apply our resources and get the job done," he said.

Laurance Rockefeller
Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (May 26, 1910 – July 11, 2004) was an American businessman, financier, philanthropist, and conservationist. Rockefeller was the third son and fourth child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller. As a trustee of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, he provided venture capital for Intel, Apple Computer and many other successful start-ups. Rockefeller was known for his involvement in wilderness preservation, ecology and the protection of wildlife. His work helped the establishing of a new conservation ethic, and received the Lady Bird Johnson Conservation Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1997.
Chirades
Chirades (Greek: Χιράδες, locally known as Kyrades) is a mountain village in southwestern Arcadia, Greece. It is located in the mountains on the border with Messenia, at about 800 m elevation. It is 2 km east of Souli, 4 km south of Paradeisia, 6 km northwest of Tourkolekas and 14 km southwest of Megalopoli. Chirades suffered damage from the 2007 Greek forest fires.

Megalopolis, Greece
Megalopoli (Greek: Μεγαλόπολη, Megalopoli) is a town in the southwestern part of the regional unit of Arcadia, southern Greece. It is located on the same site as ancient Megalopolis (Ancient Greek: Μεγαλόπολις, romanized: Megalópolis, lit. 'large/great city'). When it was founded in 371 BC, it was the first large urbanization in rustic Arcadia. Its theatre had a capacity of 20,000 visitors, making it one of the largest ancient Greek theatres.

Today, Megalopoli has several schools, shops, churches, hotels and other services. The population of Megalopoli in 2021 was 5,344 residents.
JK Narva Trans
Jalgpalliklubi Narva Trans, commonly known as Narva Trans or simply Trans, is an Estonian professional football club based in Narva that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. Although the club's traditional home ground is Kreenholm Stadium, they currently play their home matches at Kalev-Fama Stadium.

The club was founded as Avtomobilist in 1979, changed their name to Autobaas in 1989 and Narva Trans in 1992. Narva Trans were one of the founding members of the Meistriliiga and are one of two clubs which have never been relegated from the Estonian top division since its inception in 1992, along with Flora. Narva Trans have won three Estonian Cups and two Estonian Supercups.

Narva Kreenholm Stadium
Narva Kreenholm Stadium (also Kreenholm Stadium; Estonian: Narva Kreenholmi staadion) is a multi-purpose stadium in Narva, Estonia. The stadium holds 1,065 people and hosts the matches of JK Narva Trans.

It is one of the easternmost stadiums in Estonia and is situated approximately 900 metres from the border of Russia and the Narva river that separates the two countries.

The stadium was the host venue for the 1996 Baltic Cup, which was won by Lithuania.
Sakae Esuno
Sakae Esuno (えすのサカエ, Esuno Sakae; born November 17, 1973) is a Japanese manga artist. He is best known for his manga series Future Diary and Big Order. Esuno started drawing at age 15, at the time he was an admirer of the works of Rumiko Takahashi in particular her horror manga  Mermaid Saga. After working as a manga assistant for many years he managed to become a professional manga artist when his story Tetsudō Tenshi (鉄道天使, Railroad Angel) won a prize in a contest held by Kadokawa Shoten in 2001.
In the 2017 May issue of Monthly Shōnen Ace magazine, he launched a new manga titled Tantei Akechi wa Kyōran su (The Detective Akechi is Berserk), a tribute to the works of Edogawa Ranpo. The manga ended in the issue published in December 2018. 
In May 2019, he started the serialization of the manga adaptation of Bokuto Uno's light novel series Reign of the Seven Spellblades in Monthly Shōnen Ace.

Reign of the Seven Spellblades
Reign of the Seven Spellblades (七つの魔剣が支配する, Nanatsu no Maken ga Shihai Suru) is a Japanese light novel series written by Bokuto Uno and illustrated by Ruria Miyuki. ASCII Media Works have published the series since September 2018 under their Dengeki Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Sakae Esuno was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Ace from May 2019 to November 2023. Both the light novel and manga are licensed in North America by Yen Press. An anime television series adaptation by J.C.Staff aired from July to October 2023.
Kildonan, Zimbabwe
Kildonan, Zimbabwe is a village in Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe.

It was known for its copper mine, but around 2000, as copper mining declined, mines across Zimbabwe were shut down. Along with Mhangura, Sutton, Vanad, and Shackleton, the mining towns became ghost towns, changing from thriving communities to impoverished small villages. and began production in 1971.

17°20′43″S 30°36′37″E﻿ / ﻿17.34528°S 30.61028°E﻿ / -17.34528; 30.61028

Shackleton, Zimbabwe
Shackleton is a village in Mashonaland West province in Zimbabwe, near the Chinhoyi region.

It is known for the Shackleton Copper Mine, an underground copper mine which was established in 1960 and began production in 1971. The ore is described by Mindat as "sedimentary copper deposit, hosted in calcareous argillite and arkose".

In 2000, Shackleton was shut down, as copper mining declined. Along with Mhangura, Sutton, Vanad, and Kildonan, the mining towns became ghost towns, changing from thriving communities to impoverished small villages.
The Supremes Live! In Japan
The Supremes Live! In Japan is a live album released by The Supremes in 1973, culled from a live performance recorded on June 3, 1973 at Shinjuku Koseinenkin Hall in Tokyo, Japan. It was issued exclusively in Japan and also distributed in Europe, and was not released in the United States until 2004.

The line-up at the time of the concert consisted of original Supreme Mary Wilson, lead vocalist Jean Terrell and Lynda Laurence. The album was slated for release, but due to internal conflicts within the group and the sudden departure of both Terrell and Laurence, Motown shelved the project. It was released in Japan, but then suddenly withdrawn. The cover of the original album was used instead for a UK-issued compilation album released in 1974, compiling the Supremes' singles from 1970-73.

The album was issued by Hip-O Select Records in 2004 as a limited-edition CD release, as was The Temptations in Japan.

Lynda Laurence
Lynda Laurence (also spelled Lawrence, born Lynda Tucker; February 20, 1949) is an American singer. The youngest daughter of Louise and Ira Tucker, a gospel songwriter, producer, and singer, Laurence's siblings are Sundray Tucker and Ira Tucker Jr.

Laurence is best known for being a part of two Motown acts: Stevie Wonder's backup group The Third Generation, and a member of the Supremes from April 1972 through October 1973, performing alongside lead singer Jean Terrell and founding member Mary Wilson, replacing Cindy Birdsong after her departure from the group.
Joseph M. Marshall III
Joseph M. Marshall III (April 8, 1945 – April 18, 2025) was an American historian, writer, teacher, craftsman, administrator, actor, and public speaker. He was a founding board member in 1971 of Sinte Gleska University, the tribal college at the Rosebud Indian Reservation.

Marshall published numerous non-fiction books based on Lakota oral history and culture. His book, The Day the World Ended at Little Bighorn, won the 2008 PEN/Beyond Margins Award.

Sinte Gleska University
Sinte Gleska University (SGU) is a public tribal land-grant university in Mission, South Dakota, on the Rosebud Indian Reservation. It is a Brulé Lakota Indian Reservation home to the Sicangu (Burnt Thigh). SGU has an enrollment of 828 full and part-time students. It is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Koo Kien Keat
Koo Kien Keat AMN (Chinese: 古健傑; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kó͘ Kiān-kia̍t; born 18 September 1985) is a Malaysian former professional badminton player. He succeeded in both men's and mixed doubles and in his partnership with Tan Boon Heong he reached a career high ranking of world number 1.

Cai Yun
Cai Yun (born 19 January 1980) is a former professional badminton player representing China. He is the 2012 London Olympic gold medallist and a four-time World Champion in men's doubles. He is regarded as one of the greatest men's doubles players of all time.
Jet propulsion
Jet propulsion is the propulsion of an object in one direction, produced by ejecting a jet of fluid in the opposite direction. By Newton's third law, the moving body is propelled in the opposite direction to the jet. Reaction engines operating on the principle of jet propulsion include the jet engine used for aircraft propulsion, the pump-jet used for marine propulsion, and the rocket engine and plasma thruster used for spacecraft propulsion. Underwater jet propulsion is also used by several marine animals, including cephalopods and salps, with the flying squid even displaying the only known instance of jet-powered aerial flight in the animal kingdom.

Jet (fluid)
A jet is a stream of fluid that is projected into a surrounding medium, usually from some kind of a nozzle, aperture or orifice. Jets can travel long distances without dissipating.

Jet fluid has higher speed compared to the surrounding fluid medium. In the case that the surrounding medium is assumed to be made up of the same fluid as the jet, and this fluid has viscosity, some of the surrounding fluid is carried along with the jet in a process called entrainment.

Some animals, notably cephalopods, move by jet propulsion, as do rocket engines and jet engines.
American Morning
American Morning is an American morning television news program that aired on CNN from September 12, 2001, to December 30, 2011. American Morning debuted with anchors Paula Zahn and Anderson Cooper on the day after the September 11 attacks, five months earlier than planned, replacing CNN Early Edition and CNN Live This Morning.

Cooper was replaced by Bill Hemmer in February 2002. The show's next permanent co-anchors were Soledad O'Brien and Miles O'Brien, who fronted the show from 2003 to 2007. They were replaced by John Roberts and Kiran Chetry due to poor ratings. After Roberts and Chetry left in 2011, the show did not have a permanent anchor team and was shelved by CNN at the end of the year. American Morning was replaced by two new programs, Early Start and Starting Point.

Miles O'Brien (journalist)
Miles O'Brien (born June 9, 1959) is an independent American broadcast news journalist specializing in science, technology, and aerospace who has been serving as national science correspondent for PBS NewsHour since 2010.
Division Street Bridge (Spokane, Washington)
The Division Street Bridge is a road bridge located in Spokane, Washington that carries Division Street, U.S. 2, and U.S. 395 across the Spokane River in Downtown Spokane, roughly a half-mile east (upstream) of Spokane Falls. There have been multiple iterations of the bridge throughout its history.  The current bridge is a concrete span and was built in 1992 and is officially known as the Senator Sam C. Guess Memorial Bridge.

The original bridge was a wooden truss structure built in 1882, which was replaced in 1892 by the steel bridge.  The designer, Hugh L. Cooper from New York, designed the bridge to hold a dead load of 4800 pounds per linear foot, which he claimed was a weight far greater than any standard freight train at the time.  The bridge was designed with two streetcar tracks, roadbed for horse and wagon (and, later, automobile) traffic, and pedestrian sidewalks.

Sam C. Guess
Sam C. Guess (August 8, 1909 – June 20, 1989) was an American politician in the state of Washington. He served in the Washington State Senate from 1963 to 1987.

The Division Street Bridge in Spokane, Washington, is officially named the Senator Sam C. Guess Memorial Bridge in his honor.
Great Gish
Gish or Great Gish (Kamkata-vari: Giṣ/Gaviṣ, Kati: Giwīṣ, Gyīṣ, Waigali: Giwiš, Prasun: Gīṣ) was the most popular god of Nuristani mythology and received the greatest amount of attention among the Siah-Posh Nuristani of Bashgul. Every village of Bashgul had one or more shrines dedicated to him. In the Nuristani pantheon, Gish ranked next to Moni who was said to be the chief prophet of Imra. Both Moni and Gish were created by Imra by his breath.

Gish was the war-god. Countless bulls and billy goats were sacrificed each year to him and the drums were beaten in his honor for fifteen continuous days, every spring, by the Nuristani slaves.

Moni
Moni or Mone (Kamkata-vari: Mone/Mune), also known as Mandi (from Prasun) was, after Imra, the second-most important god in the pre-Islamic pantheon of the Nuristani people. With his breath, Imra created Moni and Gish. Moni was believed to be a divine prophet, whom Imra selected to fulfill his behests. Nearly every village had a temple devoted to Moni.
Royston, South Yorkshire
Royston is a suburban village within the Metropolitan borough of Barnsley, in South Yorkshire, England. Historically, the village formed part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, but was incorporated into the Metropolitan borough of Barnsley in 1974 and is now on the border with West Yorkshire.
It is part of the Barnsley Central borough constituency, and has a population of 10,728. It is situated 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Barnsley, and 6 miles (9.7 km) south-east of Wakefield.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.