hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970
Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970 (or the Iraqi–Kurdish peace talks or the 1970 Peace Accord) was an agreement, which the Iraqi government and the leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Mustafa Barzani reached on March 11, 1970 in the aftermath of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War. It stipulated the creation of an Autonomous Region, consisting of the three Kurdish governorates and other adjacent districts that have been determined by census to have a Kurdish majority. The plan also gave Kurds representation in government bodies, to be implemented in four years. For its time it was the most serious attempt to resolve the long-running Iraqi–Kurdish conflict.

Despite this, the Iraqi government embarked on an Arabization program in the oil rich regions of Kirkuk and Khanaqin during the same period. Eventually, the peace plan for the Kurdish autonomy failed; re-erupting into the Second Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1974, thus escalating the Kurdish–Iraqi conflict.

Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
The Second Iraqi–Kurdish War was the second chapter of the Barzani rebellion, initiated by the collapse of the Kurdish autonomy talks and the consequent Iraqi offensive against rebel KDP troops of Mustafa Barzani during 1974–1975. The war came in the aftermath of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War (1961–1970), as the 1970 peace plan for Kurdish autonomy had failed to be implemented by 1974. Unlike the previous guerrilla campaign in 1961–1970, waged by Barzani, the 1974 war was a Kurdish attempt at symmetric warfare against the Iraqi Army, which eventually led to the quick collapse of the Kurds, who were lacking advanced and heavy weaponry. The war ended with the exile of the Iraqi KDP party and between 7,000–20,000 deaths from both sides combined.
Yirgachefe (woreda)
Yirgachefe (also transliterated Irgachefe) is a district in Ethiopia.  It is one of the woredas in the South Ethiopia Region of the country, named after its major town Yirgachefe. Part of the Gedeo Zone, Yirgachefe is bordered on the south by Kochere, on the west by the Oromia Zone, on the north by Wonago, on the east by Bule, and on the southeast by Gedeb.

Kochere
Kochere is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Gedeo Zone, Kochere is bordered on the east by Gedeb, on the southwest by the Oromia Region, and on the north by Yirgachefe. Towns in Kochere include Fisehagenet and Chelelektu. Gedeb woreda was separated from Kochere.

According to a 2004 report, Kochere had 34 kilometers of asphalt road, 13 kilometers of all-weather roads and 18 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 129 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers.
Canada Place
Canada Place, co-named Komagata Maru Place, is a building situated on the Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is home to the Vancouver Convention Centre East Building, the Pan Pacific Vancouver Hotel, the Vancouver World Trade Centre, and the virtual flight experience Flyover in Vancouver. The building's exterior is covered by fabric roofs resembling sails. It is also the main cruise ship passenger terminal for the region, where cruises to Alaska originate. The building was designed by architects Zeidler Roberts Partnership in joint venture with Musson Cattell Mackey Partnership and DA Architects + Planners.

Canada Place is accessed via West Cordova Street and near Waterfront Station, a major transit hub with SkyTrain, SeaBus, and West Coast Express connections.

The structure was expanded in 2001 to accommodate another cruise ship berth. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Canada Place served as the Main Press Centre.

Expo 86
The 1986 World Exposition on Transportation and Communication, or simply Expo 86, was a world's fair held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada from May 2 until October 13, 1986. The fair, the theme of which was "Transportation and Communication: World in Motion – World in Touch", coincided with Vancouver's centennial and was held on the north shore of False Creek.

It was the second time that Canada held a world's fair, the first being Expo 67 in Montreal (during the Canadian Centennial). It was also the third world's fair to be held in the Pacific Northwest in the previous 24 years as of 1986 and to date, it still stands as the last world's fair to be held in North America.

It was a great success, drawing over 22 million visitors, double that of Knoxville in 1982 and three times that of Louisiana in 1984.
International Data Encryption Algorithm
In cryptography, the International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), originally called Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES), is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described in 1991. The algorithm was intended as a replacement for the Data Encryption Standard (DES). IDEA is a minor revision of an earlier cipher, the Proposed Encryption Standard (PES).

The cipher was designed under a research contract with the Hasler Foundation, which became part of Ascom-Tech AG. The cipher was patented in a number of countries but was freely available for non-commercial use. The name "IDEA" is also a trademark. The last patents expired in 2012, and IDEA is now patent-free and thus completely free for all uses.

IDEA was used in Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) v2.0 and was incorporated after the original cipher used in v1.0, BassOmatic, was found to be insecure. IDEA is an optional algorithm in the OpenPGP standard.

BassOmatic
In cryptography, BassOmatic is the symmetric-key cipher designed by Phil Zimmermann as part of his email encryption software PGP (in the first release, version 1.0). Comments in the source code indicate that he had been designing the cipher since as early as 1988, but it was not publicly released until 1991. After Eli Biham pointed out to him several serious weaknesses in the BassOmatic algorithm over lunch at the 1991 CRYPTO conference, Zimmermann replaced it with IDEA in subsequent versions of PGP.

The name is explained in this comment from the source code: "BassOmatic gets its name from an old Dan Aykroyd Saturday Night Live skit involving a blender and a whole fish. The BassOmatic algorithm does to data what the original BassOmatic did to the fish."
Histioteuthis celetaria
Histioteuthis celeteria, also known as the elegant jewel squid, is a species of cock-eyed squid. The species is distributed across the Atlantic Ocean, and can be found from aa depth of 0 meters to a depth of about 1,010 m (3,310 ft). The maximum length of the species is 8.7 cm (3.4 in).

Histioteuthis
Histioteuthis is a genus of squid in the family Histioteuthidae. It goes by the common name cock-eyed squid, because in all species the right eye is normal-sized, round, blue and sunken; whereas the left eye is at least twice the diameter of the right eye, tubular, yellow-green, faces upward, and bulges out of the head.

In 2017, researchers at Duke University established that Histioteuthis uses its larger eye to see ambient sunlight, and its smaller eye to detect bioluminescence from prey animals.

The name is composed of the Greek histion (ἱστίον, "sail", a large webbed membrane between six of the arms, in some species) and teuthis ("squid").

The genus contains bioluminescent species.
Newtontoppen
Newtontoppen (Newton Peak) is the largest and highest mountain in Svalbard, at 1,713 metres (5,620 ft). Its peak is the highest point on Svalbard. It is located at the north east corner on the island of Spitsbergen in the Chydeniusfjella range. The nearest settlement is the formerly Soviet coal mining settlement Pyramiden. The mountain is mostly made of Silurian granite. The mountain was first ascended by Helge Backlund on 4 August 1900.

Chydeniusfjella
Chydeniusfjella is a mountain group in the Ny-Friesland region of Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipelago. It is named after Finnish physicist Jakob Karl Emil Chydenius.

The mountain group is located between Wijdefjorden and Hinlopen Strait, and is surrounded by the glaciers of Ermakbreen, Harlandisen, Veteranen, Glasgowbreen and Kvitbreen. The group includes Newtontoppen, the highest peak in Svalbard at 1,713 metres.
Liinmaa Castle
Liinmaa Castle (Finnish: Liinmaan linna, Swedish: Vreghdenborg) was a medieval castle in Eurajoki in the province of Satakunta in Finland. The castle was made of wood and bricks, and only some earth walls remain today. According to excavations in the 1970s and 2004–2005, it was in usage during the 14th and 15th centuries. The site is lightly looked-after.

The castle was first mentioned in 1395, and was named after Dietrich Vieregge (Wereghede), a german noble mercenary serving Swedish King Albrekt av Mecklenburg.

Eurajoki
Eurajoki (Finnish: [ˈeu̯rɑˌjoki]; Swedish: Euraåminne) is a municipality of Finland located in the region of Satakunta in the province of Western Finland. The municipality has a population of 9,000 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,504.96 square kilometres (581.07 sq mi) of which 298.39 km2 (115.21 sq mi) is water. The population density is 17.48 inhabitants per square kilometre (45.3/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
EuroBasket Women 2015
The 2015 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 2015, was the 35th edition of the continental tournament in women's basketball, sanctioned by the FIBA Europe. The tournament was co-held in Hungary, which hosted the championship for the fifth time after 1950, 1964, 1983 and 1997, and Romania which hosted it for the second time after 1966, on 11–28 June 2015. The event was hosted by more than one country for the first time.

Serbia won their first title by defeating France 76–68 in the final.

EuroBasket Women
EuroBasket Women is a biennial international women's basketball competition held between the nations of FIBA Europe for women's national teams. EuroBasket Women is also used as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Women's World Cup and also the Olympic Games.
No. 125 Expeditionary Air Wing
No. 125 Expeditionary Air Wing is a former deployable Expeditionary Air Wing of the Royal Air Force based at RAF Leuchars, Fife, Scotland.

The current wing was established on 1 April 2006 the wing has history dating back to May 1944:

Expeditionary Air Wing
On 1 April 2006 Expeditionary Air Wings (EAWs) were formed at nine of the RAF's Main Operating Bases. Each EAW has its own identity and is led by the Station Commander, supported by their Station management team. The deployable elements of the station structures form the core of each EAW, reinforced by  elements of the Air Combat Service Support Units (ACSSUs). Flying and Force Protection force elements are attached to meet the requirements of each operation.  EAWs enable the RAF to train as cohesive air power units which are prepared and capable of transitioning quickly from peacetime structures and deploying swiftly on operations in tailored packages.
AN/ALR-46
AN/ALR-46 is a radar warning receiver (RWR) that processes received signals from up to 16 hostile radar emitters in the 2–18 GHz (15.0–1.7 cm) frequency range to determine threats to the aircraft. Originally manufactured by Litton Industries and General Instruments, Dalmo-Victor division (now Northrop Grumman), it has been used on several US Air Force aircraft including the A-7D Corsair, B-52 Stratofortress, C-130 Hercules, F-4 Phantom II, F-104 Starfighter, F-105 Thunderchief, F-111 Aardvark and RF-4 Phantom II and others.

Radar warning receiver
Radar warning receiver (RWR) systems detect the radio emissions of radar systems. Their primary purpose is to issue a warning when a radar signal that might be a threat is detected, like a fighter aircraft's fire control radar. The warning can then be used, manually or automatically, to evade the detected threat. RWR systems can be installed in all kind of airborne, sea-based, and ground-based assets such as aircraft, ships, automobiles, military bases.

Depending on the market the RWR system is designed for, it can be as simple as detecting the presence of energy in a specific radar band, such as the frequencies of known surface-to-air missile systems. Modern RWR systems are often capable of classifying the source of the radar by the signal's strength, phase and signal details. The information about the signal's strength and waveform can then be used to estimate the type of threat the detected radar poses.
Arnold Urban District
Arnold was an urban district in the English ceremonial county of Nottinghamshire from 1894 to 1974. It was created under the Local Government Act 1894.

The district was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 and combined with Carlton Urban District and part of Basford Rural District to form the new Gedling district.

Borough of Gedling
Gedling is a local government district with borough status in Nottinghamshire, England. The council is based in Arnold. The borough also includes Carlton along with villages and rural areas to the north-east of Nottingham. The main built-up part of the borough around Arnold and Carlton forms part of the Nottingham Urban Area.

The neighbouring districts are Ashfield, Newark and Sherwood, Rushcliffe and Nottingham.
East Olympos
East Olympos, or Anatolikos Olympos (Greek: Ανατολικός Όλυμπος, Anatolikós Ólympos, lit. 'east Olympos'), is a former municipality in Pieria regional unit, Greece. In Greece's 2011 local government reform East Olympos became a municipal unit of the municipality Dion-Olympos. The municipal unit has an area of 152.939 km2 (59.050 sq mi) and a population of 7,999 (2021). The seat of the former East Olympos municipality was in Leptokarya.

The current East Olympos municipal unit consists of the following communities (constituent villages in parentheses):

Leptokarya

Panteleimonas (Palaios Panteleimonas, Neos Panteleimonas, Paralia Panteleimonos)

Platamon

Poroi (Neoi Poroi, Agios Dimitrios, Poroi)

Skotina (Skotina, Ano Skotina, Paralia Skotinis)

Neos Panteleimonas
Neos Panteleimonas (Greek: Νέος Παντελεήμονας) is a settlement of the former municipality of East Olympos, which is part of the municipality of Dio-Olympos, in the Pieria regional unit, Central Macedonia, Greece.

Neos Panteleimonas is a settlement built on the foothills of Mount Olympos by the seaside. Its privileged region offers endless view to the sea and the Castle of Platamon. By car, the Old Panteleimon is 400 km from Athens and 110 km from Thessaloniki.
It is worth visiting the museum and the archeological site of Dion.
Piraeus–Platy railway
The railway from Piraeus to Platy is an electrified double-track railway line that connects Athens to northern Greece and the rest of Europe. It constitutes the longest section of the mostly completed higher-speed rail line known as P.A.Th.E./P., which includes Greece's most important rail connection, that between Athens and Thessaloniki. Its northern end is the station of Platy, on the Thessaloniki–Bitola railway. In the south, it connects to the Athens Airport–Patras railway at the Acharnes Railway Center. The line passes through Thebes, Katerini and Larissa, and offers connections to several other cities (Chalcis, Lamia, Volos, Karditsa, Trikala) through branch lines.

Piraeus station
Piraeus (Greek: Πειραιάς, Peiraias) is the name of two railway stations in Piraeus, Athens, Greece, approximately 9 km south-west of the centre of Athens. The southern building is an interchange station between Line 1 and Line 3 and is the present terminus of Athens Metro Line 1, formerly the Athens-Piraeus Railways Co that opened in 1869. The northern building is the railway terminus for standard gauge railway services of the Athens Suburban Railway to the Acharnes Railway Center and Chalcis. Both buildings are located next to the seaport, with the Electric Railways Museum of Piraeus located in the metro station, in the space of the former Post Office.
You Make Loving Fun
"You Make Loving Fun" is a song by the British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac, written and sung by Christine McVie. It was released as the fourth and final single from the band's 1977 album Rumours. "You Make Loving Fun" peaked at number 9 on the US Billboard Hot 100 to become the album's fourth Top 10 hit.

Clavinet
The Clavinet is an electric clavichord invented by Ernst Zacharias and manufactured by the Hohner company of Trossingen, West Germany, from 1964 to 1982. The instrument produces sounds with rubber pads, each matching one of the keys and responding to a keystroke by striking a given point on a tensioned string, and was designed to resemble the Renaissance-era clavichord.

Although originally intended for home use, the Clavinet became popular on stage, and could be used to create electric guitar sounds on a keyboard. It is strongly associated with the musician Stevie Wonder, who used the instrument extensively, particularly on his 1972 hit "Superstition", and was regularly featured in rock, funk and reggae music throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Modern digital keyboards can emulate the Clavinet sound, but there is also a grass-roots industry of repairers who continue to maintain the instrument.
Cap analysis of gene expression
Cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) is a gene expression technique used in molecular biology to produce a snapshot of the 5′ end of the messenger RNA population in a biological sample (the transcriptome). The small fragments (historically 27 nucleotides long, but now limited only by sequencing technologies) from the very beginnings of mRNAs (5' ends of capped transcripts) are extracted, reverse-transcribed to cDNA, PCR amplified (if needed) and sequenced. CAGE was first published by Hayashizaki, Carninci and co-workers in 2003.
CAGE has been extensively used within the FANTOM research projects.

Serial analysis of gene expression
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is a transcriptomic technique used by molecular biologists to produce a snapshot of the messenger RNA population in a sample of interest in the form of small tags that correspond to fragments of those transcripts. Several variants have been developed since, most notably a more robust version, LongSAGE, RL-SAGE and the most recent SuperSAGE. Many of these have improved the technique with the capture of longer tags, enabling more confident identification of a source gene.
St-Just Super-Cyclone
The St-Just Super-Cyclone is a Canadian amateur-built aircraft that was at one time produced by St-Just Aviation of Boucherville, Quebec. By 2023 production had passed to Bushliner Aircraft Manufacturing of Granite Falls, Washington who were building it as the Bushliner 1850EX. The aircraft is supplied as plans or as a kit for amateur construction.

St-Just Aviation
St-Just Aviation is a Canadian aircraft manufacturer based in Boucherville, Quebec, a suburb of Montreal. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of aircraft kits for bushplane operations, based on Cessna designs. The company was originally located in Mirabel.

By 2023 the company had ceased business and the Super Cyclone kit production moved to Bushliner Aircraft Manufacturing of Granite Falls, Washington, who were building it under the name Bushliner 1850EX.
4-8-2+2-8-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, a 4-8-2+2-8-4 is a Garratt articulated locomotive consisting of a pair of 4-8-2 engine units back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between them. The 4-8-2 wheel arrangement has four leading wheels on two axles, usually in a leading bogie, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. Since the 4-8-2 type is generally known as a Mountain, the corresponding Garratt type is usually known as a Double Mountain.

Beyer, Peacock and Company
Beyer, Peacock and Company was an English general engineering company and railway locomotive manufacturer with a factory in Openshaw, Manchester. Charles Beyer, Richard Peacock and Henry Robertson founded the company in 1854. The company closed its railway operations in the early 1960s. It retained its stock market listing until 1976, when it was bought and absorbed by National Chemical Industries of Saudi Arabia.
Bruce Skeggs
Bruce Albert Edward Skeggs OAM (11 October 1932 – 21 March 2013) was a longstanding Australian Victorian Parliamentarian who was equally famous for his career as a race-caller. He was a Liberal member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1973 to 1982, representing Ivanhoe.   He was the Liberal member of the Legislative Council from 1988 to 1996, representing Templestowe Province.

Inter Dominion Hall of Fame
The Inter Dominion Hall of Fame is an organization created to recognise and honour those whose achievements have enriched the world of the Harness racing industry, particularly in the Inter Dominion series. The hall of fame was created to honor the standardbred annual races of the Inter Dominion which includes the Inter Dominion Pacing Championship and the Inter Dominion Trotting Championship. The races are held in a rotating cycle in Australia and New Zealand. The 2020 race is being held in New South Wales.

The championship is one of the most prominent harness racing series in Australasia. Both the Inter Dominion Harness Racing Council and the Inter Dominion Events Committee participate in organizing the races. Many high calibre standardbred horses have competed in the races. The hall of fame was founded in 2005 to honor the horses, drivers, and other important participants.
Irvine (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Irvine in Ayrshire was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Irvine, Ayr, Campbeltown, Inveraray and Rothesay formed the Ayr district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Ayr Burghs
Ayr Burghs was a district of burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP), using the first-past-the-post voting system.
Sisodia dynasty
The Sisodia is a Rajput dynasty belonging to the clan that ruled over the Kingdom of Mewar, in the region of Mewar in Rajasthan, India. The Sisodias are an off-shoot of the Guhila Dynasty and claim descent from the Suryavamsha (Solar dynasty). The name of this clan is also transliterated as Sesodia, Shishodia, Sishodia, Shishodya, Sisodya, Sisodiya,
Sisodia.

Maharana Pratap
Pratap Singh I (18 May 1540 – 19 January 1597), popularly known as Maharana Pratap (IPA: [məɦaːˈɾaːɳaː pɾəˈtaːp] ⓘ), was king of the Kingdom of Mewar, in north-western India in the present-day state of Rajasthan, from 1572 until his death in 1597. He is notable for leading the Rajput resistance against the expansionist policy of the Mughal Emperor Akbar including the battle of Haldighati.
Padergnone
Padergnone (Padergnón or Padrignón in local dialect) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) west of Trento. It was merged with Terlago and Vezzano on 1 January 2016, to form a new municipality, Vallelaghi. Padergnone was known for its historical significance and scenic views of the surrounding mountains, which made it a popular destination for hikers.

Vallelaghi
Vallelaghi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Trentino in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.

It was established on 1 January 2016 by the merger of the municipalities of Padergnone, Terlago and Vezzano.