hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
California Volcano Observatory
The California Volcano Observatory (CalVO) is the volcano observatory that monitors the volcanic and geologic activity of California and Nevada. It is a part of the Volcano Hazards Program of the United States Geological Survey, a scientific agency of the United States government.

Originally, the volcano observatory was known as the Long Valley Observatory which monitored volcanic activity east of the Sierra Nevada in Mono County, California which included Long Valley Caldera, Mammoth Mountain, and the Mono–Inyo Craters.

In 2012, the Long Valley Observatory was integrated into the new California Volcano Observatory based in Menlo Park, California which covers the entire states of California and Nevada, this includes the southern Cascade Range volcanoes in the state of California which were previously under the jurisdiction of the Cascades Volcano Observatory.

Volcano observatory
A volcano observatory is an institution that conducts research and monitoring of a volcano.

Each observatory provides continuous and periodic monitoring of the seismicity, other geophysical changes, ground movements, volcanic gas chemistry, and hydrologic conditions and activity between and during eruptions. They also provide a detailed record of eruptions in progress.
2nd Bundesliga (ice hockey)
The 2nd Eishockey-Bundesliga was the second tier of Ice hockey in Germany until 2012/13 and has since been replaced by DEL2. Starting in 2002, the league was organized by the ESBG (de:Eishockeyspielbetriebsgesellschaft mbH), to which the league organization was outsourced from the DEB, the German ice hockey federation. In the 2012–13 season, it featured 13 teams.

Eishockey-Bundesliga
The Eishockey-Bundesliga ("Federal Ice Hockey League") was formed in 1958 as the elite hockey competition in the Federal Republic of Germany, replacing the Oberliga in this position.  From the 1994–95 season, it was in turn replaced by the Deutsche Eishockey Liga, which now also carries the name 1st Bundesliga in its logo. The DEL, originally administered by the DEB, the German Ice Hockey Federation, became an independent league in 1997.

With the German reunion, the Bundesliga became a truly nationwide league, initially including two teams from the former East Germany.
John Hickman (musician)
John Hickman (October 7, 1942 – May 11, 2021) was an American five-string banjo player.

Hickman was born in Columbus, Ohio. He started playing the banjo at the age of 13.

In 1969, he moved to California, and began performing together with fiddle player Byron Berline and guitarist Dan Crary.

He released the album Don’t Mean Maybe in 1978.

Dan Crary
Dan Crary (also known as  Deacon Dan Crary) was born September 29, 1939, in Kansas City, Kansas, and is an American bluegrass guitarist. He helped re-establish flatpicked guitar as a prominent soloing bluegrass instrument. Crary is an innovator of the flatpicking style of guitar playing. He is also a Speech communications Professor at California State University, Fullerton. Crary categorizes himself as a "solo flatpicker" and has recorded several projects that feature him along with guests, usually other innovators of the guitar in all styles.
Mukden incident
The Mukden incident was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

On September 18, 1931, Lieutenant Suemori Kawamoto of the Independent Garrison Unit of the 29th Japanese Infantry Regiment detonated a small quantity of dynamite close to a railway line owned by Japan's South Manchuria Railway near Mukden (now Shenyang). The explosion was so weak that it failed to destroy the track, and a train passed over it minutes later. The Imperial Japanese Army accused Chinese dissidents of the act and responded with a full invasion that led to the occupation of Manchuria, in which Japan established its puppet state of Manchukuo five months later.

Japanese militarism
Japanese militarism (日本軍国主義, Nihon gunkoku shugi) was the ideology in the Empire of Japan which advocated the belief that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation, and the belief that the strength of the military is equal to the strength of a nation. It was most prominent from the start of conscription after the Meiji Restoration until the Japanese defeat in World War II, roughly 1873 to 1945. Since then, pacifism has been enshrined in the postwar Constitution of Japan as one of its key tenets.
Samyukt Kisan Morcha
Samyukta Kisan Morcha (SKM) (lit. 'Joint Farmers' Force'  or 'United Farmers Front'), formed in November 2020, is a coalition of over forty Indian farmers' unions to coordinate satyagraha (non-violent resistance) against the three farm acts initiated by the central government in September of the same year.

In opposing the three farm laws, the SKM asserted that laws were an unwelcome imposition on the farmers, violated the constitution, were anti-farmer and pro-big business.

Gurnam Singh Charuni
Gurnam Singh Charuni (also spelt Gurnam Singh Chaduni; born 1959) is a farm union leader and politician in the Indian states of Haryana and Punjab. He is the chief of the Bharatiya Kisan Union (BKU) in Haryana, and the founder of Sanyukt Sangharsh Party.
The Button (comics)
"The Button" is a 2017 comic book crossover created and published by the comic book publishing company DC Comics. The story arc consists of four issues from DC's Batman and Flash publications, functioning in part as a larger buildup towards the "Doomsday Clock" event. The plot was written by Joshua Williamson and Tom King, with art by Jason Fabok and Howard Porter.

In the story, Batman and Flash work together to uncover the truth behind the mysterious button found in the Batcave. As the investigation unfolds, the secrets of the Button bring about the wrath of Professor Zoom as well as the unknown orchestrator of DC Rebirth.

Doomsday Clock (comics)
Doomsday Clock is a 2017–2019 superhero comic book limited series published by DC Comics, written by Geoff Johns with art by penciller Gary Frank and colorist Brad Anderson. The series concludes a tangential story established in the New 52 and DC Rebirth, and it is a sequel to the 1986–1987 graphic novel Watchmen by Alan Moore, Dave Gibbons and John Higgins, making it the first official crossover between Watchmen and the mainstream DC Universe.

At the time, DC co-publisher Dan DiDio promoted Doomsday Clock as an official "sequel" to Watchmen. However, series writer and DC Chief Creative Officer Geoff Johns declined to characterize it as such, viewing it as a "standalone" story.

The series's debut issue was published on November 22, 2017, and the final issue was published on December 18, 2019.
Weidmann Cottage
Weidmann Cottage is a heritage-listed former retail building, residence and town house and now unused building located at 132 Bridge Street, Muswellbrook in the Muswellbrook Shire local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1840 to 1845. The property is owned by Muswellbrook Shire Council and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Muswellbrook
Muswellbrook (/ˈmʌsəlbrʊk/ MUSS-əl-bruuk) is a town in the Upper Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, about 243 km (151 mi) north of Sydney and 127 km (79 mi) north-west of Newcastle.

Geologically, Muswellbrook is situated in the northern parts of the Sydney basin, bordering the New England region.

The area is predominantly known for coal mining and horse breeding, but has also developed a reputation for gourmet food and wine production. As of the 2021 census Muswellbrook has a population of 12,272. Located to the south of the Muswellbrook township are two coal fuelled power stations, Liddell (closed in 2023) and Bayswater. They were commissioned in 1973 and mid 1980s respectively and employ approximately 500 people from the area. The Muswellbrook Coal Mine operated from 1907 to 2022, and is scheduled for a 135 MW solar facility with a 270 MWh / 135 MW grid battery. A 400 MW / 3,200M Wh (8-hour) pumped hydro project may operate by 2030.
Kumha Pyakhan dance
Kumha Pyakhan (Devanagari: कुम्ह प्याखं, also known as Kumar Pyakhan) is a sacred dance of the Tuladhar and Kansakar caste groups of the Newars of Kathmandu. The dance is performed in temple and market squares during religious festivals.

Tuladhar
Tulādhar (Devanagari: तुलाधर) is a Nepali/Nepalese caste from the Newar community of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The name Tuladhar is derived from the Sanskrit words "tula" (weighing scale) and "dhar" (possessor), thus meaning scale-bearer or in general, merchant. Tuladhars belong to the Uray group which includes Kansakar, Tamrakar, Sthapit, Bania, Sindurakar, Selalik and other castes. They follow Newar Buddhism and speak Nepal Bhasa as a mother tongue.

Traditional Tuladhar neighborhoods are Asan (Newar: असं Nepali: असन), Nyata (Newar: न्यत) (also known as Naradevi) and Jhwa Baha in Kathmandu where they hold a number of cultural performances annually including religious dances and music concerts.
Odesa Oblast
Odesa Oblast (Ukrainian: Одеська область, romanized: Odeska oblast), also referred to as Odeshchyna (Одещина), is an oblast (province) of southwestern Ukraine, located along the northern coast of the Black Sea. Its administrative centre is the city of Odesa. Population: 2,351,382 (2022 estimate).

The length of coastline (sea-coast and estuaries) reaches 300 km (190 mi), while the state border stretches for 1,200 km (750 mi). The region has eight seaports and five of the biggest lakes, including Yalpuh Lake, in Ukraine. With over 80,000 ha (200,000 acres) of vineyards, it is also the largest wine-growing region in Ukraine.

Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Ukrainian: Білгород-Дністровський, IPA: [ˈbilɦorod d⁽ʲ⁾n⁽ʲ⁾iˈstrɔu̯sʲkɪj]; Romanian: Cetatea Albă; Russian: Белгород-Днестровский, romanized: Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy), historically known as Aq Kirmān (Turkish: Akkerman) or by other names, is a port city in Odesa Oblast, southwestern Ukraine. It is situated on the right bank of the Dniester Estuary leading to the Black Sea, in the historical region of Budjak. It also serves as the administrative center of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion and is coterminous with Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It is the location of a large freight seaport. Population: 47,727 (2022 estimate).
Diocese of Møre
The Diocese of Møre (Norwegian: Møre bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway which geographically consists of Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. Its bishop is seated at the Molde Cathedral which is located in the county administrative center of Molde. As of 2008, the Bishop of Møre is Ingeborg Midttømme.

The diocese was established on 18 September 1983, when the district of Sunnmøre was removed from the Diocese of Bjørgvin to the south, and the Romsdal and Nordmøre districts were removed from the Diocese of Nidaros to the north.  The three districts (which correspond to Møre og Romsdal county) were used to form the new diocese.

Diocese of Bjørgvin
The Diocese of Bjørgvin (Norwegian: Bjørgvin bispedømme) is one of the 11 dioceses that make up the Church of Norway. It includes all of the churches located in the county of Vestland in Western Norway, and those outside of Norway in the Seamen's Church. The cathedral city is Bergen, Norway's second largest city. Bergen Cathedral, formerly the Church of Saint Olaf, serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The Bishop since 2023 has been Ragnhild Jepsen.
Christian poetry
Christian poetry is any poetry that contains Christian teachings, themes, or references. The influence of Christianity on poetry has been great in any area that Christianity has taken hold. Christian poems often directly reference the Bible, while others provide allegory.

P. C. Devassia
Plakkiyil Chacko Devassia, often known as Mahakavi P. C. Devassia (24 March 1906 – 10 October 2006), was a Sanskrit and Malayalam literary scholar, literary translator, and poet from Kerala, India. In 1980, Devassia, a lifelong Christian from the Syro-Malabar Church, one of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, won the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit. The prize was awarded for Devassia's poem Kristubhagavatam, a Mahakavyam, or very high prestige form of Indian epic poetry composed in Classical Sanskrit, but with its traditions transformed into a work of Christian poetry about the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. He has also received the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for his overall contributions to Malayalam literature.
Linköping FC
Linköping Football Club (Swedish: [ˈlɪnːˌɕøːpɪŋ]) is an association football club from Linköping, Sweden. The club was established in 2003 when Kenty DFF women's football club decided to merge with the premier division ice hockey club Linköping HC under the new name Linköping FC. The club's goal was both to establish women's football as a sport in Linköping and eventually become one of the top four teams.

Linköping HC
Linköping Hockey Club, often known by its initials LHC, or colloquially among its fans as Cluben, is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Linköping, founded in 1976. The home arena of the team is Saab Arena (formerly Cloetta Center) which accommodates 8,190 spectators.

Competing in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL; formerly Elitserien), the club is placed twelfth in the marathon standings for the top Swedish ice hockey league.
Ted Fritsch
Theodore Leo Fritsch (October 31, 1920 – October 4, 1979) was an American baseball, basketball, and football player who played running back for the National Football League (NFL)'s Green Bay Packers from 1942 to 1950. He also played two seasons for the Oshkosh All-Stars of the National Basketball League (NBA).  Fritsch also played as an outfielder for the Portsmouth Cubs, Nashville Vols, and Los Angeles Angels minor league baseball teams in 1944. He attended Spencer High School in Spencer, WI and the High School's football field was named after him. Notre Dame de la Baie High School's football field in Green Bay is also named after him. Fritsch died in 1979 of a heart attack. He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame.

His son, Ted Fritsch, Jr., also played in the NFL in the 1970s.

Ted Fritsch Jr.
Theodore Edward Fritsch Jr.  (born August 26, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a center in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the St. Norbert Green Knights. His father, Ted Fritsch, played for the Green Bay Packers in the 1940s. Fritsch played college football at St. Norbert College.
Umatilla County, Oregon
Umatilla County (/ˌjuːməˈtɪlə/) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population of 81,826 ranks it as the 14th largest in Oregon, and largest in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is the largest and fastest growing city in Umatilla County, but Pendleton remains the county seat.  Umatilla County is part of the Hermiston-Pendleton, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which has a combined population of 94,833. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

The county is named for the Umatilla River.

Cold Springs, Oregon
Cold Springs is an unincorporated community in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States, south of the Columbia River in the Hermiston area. Cold Springs Junction is a populated place and highway junction about 4 miles (6 km) northeast of Cold Springs at the junction of Oregon Route 37 and U.S. Route 730.

The present-day Cold Springs was a station of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company, which is the Union Pacific Railroad today.

One of several geographic features in the area—including Cold Springs Wash, Cold Springs Reservoir and Cold Springs Canyon—that were likely named after a local spring, Cold Springs post office was established in 1880 and ran until 1883.  It was in the Middle Fork Cold Springs Canyon west of Myrick and east of the reservoir about 28 miles (45 km) northeast of Cold Springs station. The reservoir was formed in the early 1900s when the wash was dammed to provide storage for water diverted from the Umatilla River for irrigation.
Delftia deserti
Delftia deserti is a Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, motile bacterium from the genus Delftia, which has been isolated from desert soil in Turpan in China. D. deserti is of the Betaproteobacteria lineage within the Comamonadaceae family.

Delftia
Delftia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that was first isolated from soil in Delft, Netherlands. The species is named after both the city, and in honor of pioneering research in the field of bacteriology that occurred in Delft. Cells in the genus Delftia are rod shaped and straight or slightly curved. Cells occur singly or in pairs, are 0.4–0.8ɥM wide and 2.5–4.1 μm long. Delftia species are motile by flagella, nonsporulating, and chemo-organotrophic.
Newark Days
Newark Days is an annual celebration that takes place in Newark, California every September to celebrate the incorporation of the city of Newark on September 22, 1955. In its current form it is a four-day event, Thursday through Sunday, in mid to late September. It is centered on Newark Community Park & Community Center as well as the adjacent MacGregor School Grounds. In addition to carnival rides, food and game booths, and stage shows, it includes a race and a parade along "the Newark Mile" (a stretch of Newark Blvd.) on the Saturday morning. Annual attendance for the celebration is more than 100,000.

Newark, California
Newark (/ˈnjuːərk/ NEW-ərk) is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It was incorporated as a city in September 1955. Newark is an enclave, surrounded by the city of Fremont. The three cities of Newark, Fremont, and Union City make up the Tri-City Area. Newark's population was 47,529 at the 2020 census making it the third largest city in the US named Newark after Newark, New Jersey, and Newark, Ohio.
Petlovac
Petlovac (Hungarian: Baranyaszentistván, German: Sanktivan, Serbian Cyrillic: Петловац) is a village and municipality in the western part of Baranja, which comprise the northern part of Osijek-Baranja County in Croatia. Petlovac is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Until the end of World War II, the majority of the inhabitants was Danube Swabian, also called locally as Stifolder, because their ancestors arrived in the 17th and 18th centuries from Fulda (district). Most of the former German settlers were expelled to Allied-occupied Germany and Allied-occupied Austria in 1945-1948, as a result of the Potsdam Agreement.

Baranya (region)
Baranya or Baranja (Croatian: Baranja, pronounced [bǎraɲa]; Hungarian: Baranya, pronounced [ˈbɒrɒɲɒ]) is a geographical and historical region between the Danube and the Drava rivers located in the Pannonian Plain. Its territory is divided between Hungary and Croatia. In Hungary, the region is included in Baranya county, while in Croatia, it is part of Osijek-Baranja county.
2025 FIFA Arab Cup final
The 2025 FIFA Arab Cup final was a football match to determine the winners of the 2025 FIFA Arab Cup. The match was held at Lusail Stadium in Lusail, Qatar, on 18 December 2025 and it was contested by Morocco and Jordan, the winners of the semi-finals. The date of the final marked three years to the day since the 2022 FIFA World Cup final, also held at Lusail.

Lusail Stadium
Lusail Stadium (Arabic: استاد لوسيل, ALA-LC: Istād Lūsayl) is a football stadium in Lusail, Qatar. Owned by the Qatar Football Association, it is the largest stadium in Qatar and the Middle East by capacity; one of eight stadiums built for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, it hosted the 2022 FIFA World Cup final game between Argentina and France on 18 December 2022. It is currently the second largest football stadium in Asia but eventually will reduce its current capacity of 88,966 to 40,000 in the near future.

The stadium is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Doha, in the city of Lusail. Lusail Stadium was inaugurated on 9 September 2022 with the Lusail Super Cup game.
John Constable
John Constable RA (/ˈkʌnstəbəl, ˈkɒn-/; 11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English landscape painter in the Romantic tradition. Born in Suffolk, he is known principally for revolutionising the genre of landscape painting with his pictures of Dedham Vale, the area on the borderland of Suffolk and north Essex surrounding his home – now known as "Constable Country" – which he invested with an intensity of affection. "I should paint my own places best", he wrote to his friend John Fisher in 1821, "painting is but another word for feeling".

Constable's most famous paintings include Wivenhoe Park (1816), Dedham Vale (1828) and The Hay Wain (1821). Although his paintings are now among the most popular and valuable in British art, he was never financially successful. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts at the age of 52. His work was embraced in France, where he sold more than in his native England and inspired the Barbizon school.

Flatford Mill (painting)
Flatford Mill is an 1817 landscape painting by the British artist John Constable. It depicts a  view of Flatford Mill  in East Bergholt on the River Stour. It is also known by the subtitle Scene on a Navigable River.

Although based in London, Constable frequently painted scenes from the area around the village in his native Suffolk. His later landscape painting The Hay Wain, perhaps Constable's best-known work, was also set by Flatford Mill. Along with his contemporary Turner, Constable was the leading landscape painter of the Regency era. His frequent depictions of the area where he grew up in rural Suffolk led to it being known as Constable Country.

It was displayed at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition at Somerset House in 1817. It is considered a forerunner of his later "six footers". The work is now in the collection of the Tate Britain and is in display adjacent to the rooms featuring the paintings of the Turner Bequest.
Little Androscoggin River
The Little Androscoggin River is a 51.4-mile-long (82.7 km) river in Maine. It flows from Bryant Pond in Woodstock (44°21′53″N 70°38′18″W﻿ / ﻿44.3646°N 70.63825°W﻿ / 44.3646; -70.63825﻿ (Little Androscoggin River source)) to its confluence with the Androscoggin River in Auburn. The Androscoggin flows into Merrymeeting Bay in the Kennebec River estuary.

The Little Androscoggin flows through the towns of Woodstock, Greenwood, West Paris, Paris (including the village of South Paris), Norway, Oxford, Mechanic Falls, Minot, and Poland, and the city of Auburn.

Mechanic Falls, Maine
Mechanic Falls is a town in Androscoggin County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,107 at the 2020 census. Mechanic Falls contains the census-designated place of the same name. It is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan statistical area and the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area.