hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tashahhud
The Tashahhud (Arabic: تَشَهُّد, meaning "testimony [of faith]"), also known as at-Tahiyyat (Arabic: ٱلتَّحِيَّات), is the portion of the Muslim prayer where the person kneels or sits on the ground facing the qibla (direction of Mecca), glorifies God, and greets Muhammad and the "righteous servants of God" followed by the two testimonials. The recitation is usually followed by an invocation of the blessings and peace upon Muhammad known as Salawat.

Sitting in salah
Sitting or kneeling (Arabic: جِلسة, romanized: jilsh and Arabic: قعدة, romanized: qaʻdah, also Arabic: جلوس, romanized: julūs and Arabic: قعود, romanized: qaʻūd) is an integral part of salah, or Islamic prayer, along with bowing (ruku' and sujud).
Billboard hacking
Billboard hacking or billboard hijacking is the practice of altering a billboard without the consent of the owner. It may involve physically pasting new media over the existing image, or hacking into the system used to control electronic billboard displays. The aim is to replace the programmed video with a different video or image. The replaced media may be displayed for various reasons, including culture jamming, shock value, promotion, activism, political propaganda, or simply to amuse viewers.

Billboard
A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers. Typically brands use billboards to build their brands or to push for their new products.

The largest ordinary-sized billboards are located primarily on major highways, expressways, or principal arterials, and command high-density consumer exposure (mostly to vehicular traffic). These afford the greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow creative "customizing" through extensions and embellishments.

Posters are another common form of billboard advertising, located mostly along primary and secondary arterial roads. Posters are in a smaller format and are viewed primarily by residents and commuter traffic, with some pedestrian exposure.
Arosa
Arosa is a town and a municipality in the Plessur Region in the canton of the Grisons in Switzerland. It is both a summer and a winter tourist resort.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Lüen, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.

At the end of 2013 the Arosa ski resort was linked with Lenzerheide by cable-car, creating the new ski resort of Arosa Lenzerheide; since that change, transport passes have been valid in both resorts.

The official language of Arosa is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

The resort is known throughout Switzerland for its famous ice hockey team, the EHC Arosa which used to be one of the most successful teams in the country.

Molinis
Molinis is a former municipality in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Molinis, Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Lüen, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.
German submarine U-166 (1941)
German submarine U-166 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 6 December 1940 at the Seebeckwerft (part of Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, Deschimag) at Wesermünde (modern Bremerhaven) as yard number 705, launched on 1 November 1941, and commissioned on 23 March 1942 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Günther Kuhlmann. After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla, U-166 was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 June 1942. The U-boat sailed on only two war patrols and sank four ships totalling 7,593 gross register tons (GRT). She was sunk on 30 July 1942 in the Gulf of Mexico.

Grumman G-44 Widgeon
The Grumman G-44 Widgeon is a five-person, twin-engined, amphibious aircraft. It was designated J4F by the United States Navy and Coast Guard and OA-14 by the United States Army Air Corps and United States Army Air Forces.
Laurelton Hall
Laurelton Hall was the home of noted artist Louis Comfort Tiffany, located in Laurel Hollow, New York a village in Oyster Bay, Long Island, New York. The 84-room mansion on 600 acres (2.4 km2) of land, designed in the Art Nouveau style, combined Islamic motifs with connection to nature, was completed in 1905, and housed many of Tiffany's most notable works, as well as serving as a work of art in and of itself. It was also commonly referred to as the "Oyster Bay estate".

Louis Comfort Tiffany
Louis Comfort Tiffany (February 18, 1848 – January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts and is best known for his work in art glass, especially stained glass and Favrile glass. He is associated with the art nouveau and aesthetic art movements. He was affiliated with a prestigious collaborative of designers known as the Associated Artists, which included Lockwood de Forest, Candace Wheeler, and Samuel Colman. Tiffany designed stained glass windows and lamps, glass mosaics, blown glass such as vases, ceramics, jewelry, enamels, and metalwork. Glass work by Tiffany Studios is known as Tiffany glass. He was the first design director at his family company, Tiffany & Co., founded by his father Charles Lewis Tiffany.
Sancho I of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés I (Basque: Antso I.a Gartzez; c. 860 – 10 December 925), also known as Sancho I, was king of Pamplona from 905 until 925. He was the son of García Jiménez and was the first king of Pamplona of the Jiménez dynasty. Sancho I was the feudal ruler of the Onsella valley, and expanded his power to all the neighboring territories. He was chosen to replace Fortún Garcés by the Pamplonese nobility in 905.

Ordoño II of León
Ordoño II (c. 873 – June 924, León) was a king of Galicia from 910, and king of Galicia and León from 914 until his death. He was an energetic ruler who submitted the kingdom of Leon to his control and fought successfully against the Muslims, who still dominated most of the Iberian Peninsula. His reign marked the tactical and smooth transition of the regnum Asturum to the regnum Legionis, with the royal headquarters already established in the city of León.
Damson Park
Damson Park (known as the ARMCO Arena for sponsorship reasons) is an association football stadium in Solihull, West Midlands, England. It was the new home of Solihull Borough following their departure from their original Widney Lane Ground. It is now the home of Solihull Moors, the club formed when Solihull Borough and Moor Green merged in 2007. They previously shared Damson Park with Birmingham & Solihull R.F.C. (who moved to Portway in 2012) and also used to have an agreement that allows Birmingham City Reserves the use of the ground for their reserve games. Birmingham City W.F.C. of the FA WSL2 have used Damson Park for home games since 2014.

An earlier sponsorship deal saw Damson Park named the "Autotech Stadium" for three seasons beginning in 2013–14. The capacity of the stadium is 5,500.

Birmingham City W.F.C.
Birmingham City Women F.C. is an English women's football club affiliated with Birmingham City F.C. As founding members of the FA Women's Super League in 2011, the team currently plays in the second-highest division of women's football in England. The team plays their home games at St Andrew's, the home of Birmingham City F.C.
Mohammad Reza Mokhber Dezfouli
Mohammad Reza Mokhber Dezfouli (Persian: محمد رضا مخبر دزفولی, born 1960, in Dezfoul) is an Iranian politician, physician, scholar, academic, professor at the University of Tehran and the current President of the Iranian Academy of Sciences.
He is also a member of the Iranian Science and Culture Hall of Fame, former Secretary of the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution and an associate member of the Iranian Academy of Sciences.

Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran
The Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: فرهنگستان علوم جمهوری اسلامی ایران) was established in 1988. It is one of the four academies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The other three are: Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Iranian Academy of the Arts and Academy of Persian Language and Literature.
Jón Óskar
Jón Óskar Ásmundsson (18 July 1921, in Akranes – 20 October 1998, in Reykjavík) was an Icelandic poet born in Akranes.

Jón Óskar is typically categorized as one of the Icelandic Atom Poets. In addition to poetry, short stories, literary articles, and a novel, he also produced a multi-volume biography. He was a musician and this influenced the sound of his poetry. Recurring themes in his work are daily life in general but also and in particular 'love'. He also translated some French poetry into Icelandic.

Akranes
Akranes (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈaːkraˌnɛːs] ⓘ) is a port town and municipality on the west coast of Iceland, around 50 km (31 mi) north of the capital Reykjavík.

The area where Akranes is located was settled in the 9th century; however, it did not receive a municipal charter until 1942.
Jiagedaqi railway station
Jiagedaqi railway station is a railway station in Jiagedaqi District, Daxing'anling Prefecture. It is located on the Yitulihe–Jiagedaqi railway and Nenjiang–Greater Khingan Forest railway. It was founded in 1965.

Jiagedaqi District
Jiagedaqi District or Jagdaqi District (Oroqen: Jagdaqi, meaning "area with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin"; simplified Chinese: 加格达奇区; traditional Chinese: 加格達奇區; pinyin: Jiāgédáqí Qū) is a district and the de facto seat of Daxing'anling Prefecture in Heilongjiang. Its physical location is in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia; however, it is de facto under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling Prefecture due to a lack of a suitable location for a seat in Daxing'anling itself. The government of Inner Mongolia disputes this arrangement.
Monte Compatri
Monte Compatri (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmonte ˈkɔmpatri]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Latium, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Rome on the Alban Hills. It is one of the Castelli Romani.

Roman Castles
The Roman Castles (Italian: Castelli Romani) are a group of comuni in the Metropolitan City of Rome. They are located a short distance south-east of the city of Rome, at the feet of the Alban Hills, in the territory corresponding to the Old Latium.
Diol
A diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups (−OH groups).  An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified. They are used as protecting groups of carbonyl groups, making them essential in synthesis of organic chemistry.

The most common industrial diol is ethylene glycol. Examples of diols in which the hydroxyl functional groups are more widely separated include 1,4-butanediol HO−(CH2)4−OH and propylene-1,3-diol, or beta propylene glycol, HO−CH2−CH2−CH2−OH.

1,10-Decanediol
1,10-Decanediol is an organic compound diol with the chemical formula (HOCH2(CH2)8CH2OH. It is a white solid with limited solubility in water. The molecular configuration of 1,10-decanediol is described as having a zigzag conformation.
Ottenby
Ottenby (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɔ̂tːɛnˌbyː]) is a town on the island of Öland, Sweden, located in Ås parish, Mörbylånga Municipality in Kalmar County. Ottenby is located just north of the southern tip of Öland, over thirty km south of the area's main town, Mörbylånga. Ottenby is also the name of the mansion and a royal demesne, now a nature reserve.

Sweden's tallest lighthouse, Långe Jan, is just south of Ottenby.

Långe Jan
Långe Jan ("Tall John") is a Swedish lighthouse located at the south cape of Öland in the Baltic Sea, Sweden's second largest island. It is one of Sweden's most famous lighthouses along with Kullen, Vinga and Landsort, and also the tallest lighthouse in Sweden.

The lighthouse was built in 1785, probably by Russian prisoners of war. The tower was built of stone from an old chapel. Originally the light was an open fire, and the tower was unpainted. It was painted white in 1845, and the same year the tower's lantern was installed, to house a colza oil lamp. A couple of years later a black band was added to the tower.

The lighthouse remains in use and is remote-controlled by the Swedish Maritime Administration in Norrköping. During the summer season, visitors may climb the tower for a small fee.

The buildings surrounding the tower form Ottenby birding station.
Judge of Gallura
The kings or judges (iudices or judikes) of Gallura were the local rulers of the northeast of Sardinia during the Middle Ages. Theirs was the closest kingdom to Corsica.

Manfred (c. 1020 – c. 1040)

Baldo (c. 1040 – c. 1065)

Constantine I (c. 1065 – c. 1080)

Saltaro (c. 1080)

Torchitorio (c. 1080 – c. 1100)

Ittocorre (1100 – 1116)

Constantine II (1116 – c. 1133)

Comita (c. 1133 – 1146)

Constantine III (1146 – c. 1170)

Barisone II (c. 1170 – 1203)

Elena (1203 – 1218)

Lambert (1207 – 1225)

Ubaldo (1225 – 1238)

John (1238 – 1275)

Nino (1275 – 1296)

Joanna (1296 – 1308)

Directly to Republic of Pisa.

Torchitorio of Gallura
Torchitorio de Zori (also spelled Torcotor(e)(io) or (T)(D)orgodorio, and also de Thori; died before 1113) is the earliest Judge of Gallura known with certainty and attested by contemporary sources. He lived in the late 11th century at a time when Sardinia was entering the wider Western European scene for the first time in centuries. Like his contemporary judges, he patronised Western monasticism.
Commission on Audit
The Commission on Audit (COA; Filipino: Komisyon sa Awdit) is an independent constitutional commission established by the Constitution of the Philippines. It has the primary function to examine, audit and settle all accounts and expenditures of the funds and properties of the Philippine government.

The Commission on Audit is a creation of the 1973 constitution. It was preceded by the Office of the Auditor in 1899, renamed as the Bureau of the Insular Auditor in 1900, then to the Bureau of Audits in 1905. The 1935 constitution created the General Auditing Office (GAO), and was led by the Auditor General. The 1973 constitution renamed the GAO to the Commission on Audit, a collegial body led by a chairman, with two commissioners. That setup was retained by the 1987 constitution.

The other two Constitutional Commissions are the Commission on Elections and Civil Service Commission.

Commission on Appointments
The Commission on Appointments (Filipino: Komisyon sa Paghirang, abbreviated as CA) is a constitutional body which confirms or rejects certain political appointments made by the President of the Philippines. The current commission was created by the 1987 Constitution.

While often associated with the Congress of the Philippines, which consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, and mistakenly referred to as a congressional committee, the Commission on Appointments is an independent body from the legislature, though its membership is confined to members of Congress.
Keisei Transit Bus
The Keisei Transit Bus Co., Ltd. (京成トランジットバス株式会社, Keisei Transit Bus Kabushiki gaisya) is a Japanese bus company. It was formed by Keisei Bus (Keisei Group) and Oriental Land Company, on 2 February 1999. Keisei Transit Bus has two barns, one in Shiohama Ichikawa, the other in Chidori Urayasu.

Kantetsu Green Bus
The Kantetsu Green Bus Co., Ltd. (関鉄グリーンバス株式会社, Kantegu Gurīn Basu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a bus company within the Kanto Railway, and also belongs to Keisei Group. The company was established on 15 March 2002 to inherit the partial business of the Kanto Railway's bus department.
South African Class 19C 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 19C 4-8-2 of 1935 was a steam locomotive.

In 1935, the South African Railways placed fifty Class 19C steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. It was the first South African locomotive class to use rotary cam poppet valve gear and also the first to be built new with a Watson Standard boiler.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
Leer (district)
Leer is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the city of Emden, the districts of Aurich, Wittmund, Friesland, Ammerland, Cloppenburg and Emsland, and by the Netherlands (Province of Groningen).

Ammerland
53°15′N 7°55′E﻿ / ﻿53.25°N 7.92°E﻿ / 53.25; 7.92

Ammerland is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Oldenburg and the districts of Oldenburg, Cloppenburg, Leer, Friesland and Wesermarsch.
Fen Causeway
Fen Causeway or the Fen Road is the modern name for a Roman road of England that runs between Denver, Norfolk in the east and Peterborough in the west. Its path covers 24 miles (39 km), passing March and Eldernell (near Whittlesey) before joining the major Roman north–south route Ermine Street west of modern-day Peterborough. It provided a link from the north and west of England to East Anglia.

It is possible that the route continued east of Denver to meet Peddars Way at Castle Acre, but the evidence for this is less certain.

The road is thought to have been raised above the marshy fens using gravel, with a width of up to 60 feet (18 m).  Towards its western end it is close to the Bronze Age route across Flag Fen. At that archaeological site, which is open to visitors, a section through the Roman Road can be seen.

Flag Fen
Flag Fen, east of Peterborough, England, is a Bronze Age site which was constructed about 3,500 years ago and consists of more than 60,000 timbers arranged in five very long rows, creating a wooden causeway (around 1 km or 0.6 mi long) across the wet fenland. Part-way across the structure a small island was formed. Items associated with it have led scholars to conclude that the island was of religious significance. Archaeological work began in 1982 at the site, which is located 800 m (0.5 mi) east of Fengate. Flag Fen is now part of the Greater Fens Museum Partnership. A visitor centre has been constructed on site and some areas have been reconstructed, including a typical Iron Age roundhouse dwelling. A section of the original causeway is preserved in wet conditions in the Preservation Hall.
Oggiona con Santo Stefano
Oggiona con Santo Stefano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Milan and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,370 and an area of 2.7 square kilometres (1.0 sq mi).

Oggiona con Santo Stefano borders the following municipalities: Carnago, Cassano Magnago, Cavaria con Premezzo, Jerago con Orago, Solbiate Arno.

It is served by Cavaria-Oggiona-Jerago railway station.

Solbiate Arno
Solbiate Arno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 km northwest of Milan and about 11 km south of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,157 and an area of 3.0 km².

Solbiate Arno borders the following municipalities: Albizzate, Carnago, Caronno Varesino, Jerago con Orago, Oggiona con Santo Stefano.

It is served by Albizzate-Solbiate Arno railway station.
Home Front (band)
Home Front is a Canadian post-punk band from Edmonton, Alberta formed in 2021, by Graeme McKinnon, formerly of Wednesday Night Heroes, and Clint Frazier of Shout Out Out Out Out respectively. Their sound has been characterized as a blend of both punk and new wave influences into a style reminiscent of Echo and the Bunnymen and The Cure.

To date, they have released one studio album, their critically-acclaimed full-length, Games of Power (2023) and two EP's, Think of the Lie (2021) and Nation (2023) via British independent punk label, La Vida Es Un Mus. The former was produced by Jonah Falco of Canadian hardcore band, Fucked Up and mixed and mastered by Frazier's Shout Out Out Out Out' bandmate, Nik Kozub.

Games of Power was longlisted for the 2023 Polaris Music Prize.

On September 9, 2025, they announced their second full length album titled Watch It Die, which released on November 14, 2025.

Wednesday Night Heroes
Wednesday Night Heroes (abbreviated as WNH) were a Canadian punk rock band from Edmonton, Alberta, fronted by Graeme MacKinnon. The band released three albums and toured extensively in Canada and the United States.
Ruthenian Triad
The Ruthenian Trinity (Ruthenian: Руська троица; Ukrainian: Руська трійця, romanized: Ruska triitsia) was a Galician literary group led by Markiian Shashkevych, Yakiv Holovatskyi, and Ivan Vahylevych, which began a national and cultural revival in the western Ukrainian lands in the late 1820s (1833–1837). They were representatives of Romantic nationalism in Ukraine and played a crucial role in the development of Ukrainian nationalism. The three all first met as students at the Greek Catholic Theological Seminary in Lviv. They also represented Galician Russophilia, and supported union with Russia.

Ivan Vahylevych
Ivan Mykolaiovych Vahylevych (Ukrainian: Іван Миколайович Вагилевич) or Jan Wagilewicz (2 September 1811 in Yasen – 10 May 1866) was a Ukrainian Romantic poet, philologist, and ethnographer of the Galician revival in Western Ukraine.
Priddy Pools
Priddy Pools (grid reference ST545510) is a 52.7-hectare (130-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest at Priddy in the Mendip Hills, Somerset, notified in 1972.

The pools provided the water supply for the Priddy Mineries which is now a Nature Reserve.

Priddy
Priddy is a village in Somerset, England in the Mendip Hills, close to East Harptree and 4 miles (6 km) north-west of Wells.

The village lies in a small hollow near the summit of the Mendip range of hills, at an elevation of 260 metres (850 ft) above sea-level, and has evidence of occupation since Neolithic times. There are remains of lead mining activities and caves in the limestone beneath the village.

It is the venue for the annual Priddy Folk Festival. The Sheep Fair, was last held in 2013.