hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scilla cretica
Scilla cretica is a species of flowering plant in the Asparagaceae family. It is referred to by the common name Cretan glory-of-the-snow, and is a bulbous perennial native to Crete, flowering in early spring. It belongs to a group of Scilla species that were formerly put in a separate genus, Chionodoxa, and may now be treated as Scilla sect. Chionodoxa. It has not always been recognized as distinct from Scilla nana.

Scilla sect. Chionodoxa
Scilla section Chionodoxa, known as glory-of-the-snow, is a small group of bulbous perennial flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae. Formerly treated as the separate genus Chionodoxa, they are now included in Scilla as a section. The section is endemic to the eastern Mediterranean, specifically Crete, Cyprus and Turkey. The blue, white or pink flowers appear early in the year making them valuable garden ornamentals. The common name of the group is based on the habit of flowering in high alpine zones when the snow melts in spring.
Christophe Plantin
Christophe Plantin (Dutch: Christoffel Plantijn; c. 1520 – 1 July 1589) was a French Renaissance humanist and book printer and publisher who resided and worked in Antwerp. He established in Antwerp one of the most prominent publishing houses of his time, the Plantin Press. It played a significant role in making Antwerp a leading centre of book publishing in Europe. The publishing house was continued by his successors until 1867.

Franciscus Raphelengius
Frans van Ravelingen Latinized Franciscus Raphelengius (February 27, 1539 – July 20, 1597), was a Flemish-born scholar, printer and publisher, working in Antwerp and later in Leiden. During the last decade of his life he was professor of Hebrew at Leiden University. He produced an Arabic-Latin dictionary, of about 550 pages, which was published posthumously in 1613 in Leiden. This was the first publication by printing press of a book-length dictionary for the Arabic language in Latin.
Douglas Hofstadter
Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born 15 February 1945) is an American cognitive and computer scientist whose research includes concepts such as the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, strange loops, ambigrams, artificial intelligence, and discovery in mathematics and physics. His 1979 book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid won the Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction, and a National Book Award (at that time called The American Book Award) for Science. His 2007 book I Am a Strange Loop won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology.

Françoise Sagan
Françoise Sagan (French: [fʁɑ̃swaz saɡɑ̃]; born Françoise Delphine Quoirez; 21 June 1935 – 24 September 2004) was a French playwright, novelist, and screenwriter. Sagan was known for works with strong romantic themes involving wealthy and disillusioned bourgeois characters. Her best-known novel was her first, Bonjour Tristesse (1954), which was written when she was a teenager.
Jackton distillery
Jackton Distillery is a single malt Scotch whisky distillery in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The distillery was founded in 2020 by the Kean family and is located on the O'Cathain Farm. It takes its name from the nearby village of Jackton.

The company has released three blended whiskies under the Raer brand. In addition to whisky, the site also produces gin and vodka. As of 2025 it is one of twenty-three malt whisky distilleries in the Scottish Lowlands.

Lowland single malts
Lowland single malts are single malt whiskies distilled in Scotland's lowlands. The region is home to distilleries such as: Annandale in Annan; Auchentoshan near Clydebank; Bladnoch in Galloway; Daftmill in Fife;   The Girvan Distilleries near Girvan;  and Glenkinchie distillery near Edinburgh.

Several new distilleries have begun to produce new-make spirit in recent years, including Kingsbarns, InchDairnie and Lindores Abbey, all in Fife, and at Ardgowan.

At least six other lowland single malts are still available, but are no longer distilled: Rosebank (currently undergoing revival), Kinclaith, St. Magdalene, Ladyburn, Inverleven, and Littlemill.
Georges-François Hirsch
Georges-François Hirsch (born 5 October 1944 in the 14th arrondissement of Paris) is a French stage director.

He is the son of Georges Hirsch (1895–1974), former administrator of the Réunion des théâtres lyriques nationaux.

He was co-director of the Paris Opéra (1981–1983), general director of the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris (1983–1990), then director of the Carcassonne Festival in 1989. He was general administrator of the Opéra Bastille at its opening (1989), then of the entire Paris Opera from 1991 to 1992. He was general director of the Orchestre de Paris from 1996 to 2008.

He also holds various administrative positions: member of the Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel from 1993 to 1996, director of music, theatre, dance and entertainment at the French ministry of Culture from 2008 to 2010.

On 13 January 2010, he was appointed first director of the Direction générale de la Création artistique in the same ministry. Michel Orier succeeded him on 1 September 2012.

Georges Hirsch
Georges Hirsch (22 February 1895 – 12 May 1974) was a French theater director, a member of the French Resistance, and municipal councillor of Paris.

He was a director of the Paris Opera from 1946 to 1951 and from 1956 to 1959. Married to the singer Madeleine Mathieu, he is the father of Professor Jean-François Hirsch, creator of the first paediatric neurosurgery department at the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital and of Georges-François Hirsch, also director of several Parisian theatres.
Easterns cricket team
The Easterns cricket team is a South African first-class cricket team. It plays in the top-level domestic competitions organised by Cricket South Africa. The team was formerly named the Eastern Transvaal cricket team.

CSA 4-Day Domestic Series
The CSA 4-Day Domestic Series is the domestic first class cricket competition of South Africa. The tournament is contested by teams from all nine provinces of South Africa.

First contested as the Currie Cup from 1889–90, the tournament has undergone many changes and modifications in its history. In 2004, the traditional province-based format was replaced, with many teams amalgamating. In its place, six entirely professional franchises were created that represented much larger population areas.

The competition underwent significant restructuring once again before the start of the 2021–22 season. The six-team franchise system was disbanded, and the tournament returned to its more traditional format. Fifteen province-based teams now compete across two divisions, determined by promotion and relegation.
Chris Henry (wide receiver)
Christopher Henry (May 17, 1983 – December 17, 2009) was an American professional football player who was a wide receiver for five seasons with the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the West Virginia Mountaineers and was selected by the Bengals in the third round of the 2005 NFL draft.

Henry died on December 17, 2009, when he fell out the back of a moving truck after having a domestic dispute with his fiancée. An autopsy revealed that Henry had developed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) during his playing career due to repetitive hits to the head. Because CTE can only be definitively diagnosed in an autopsy and Henry was still active in the NFL when he died, Henry represented the first case where an active player had died and could be diagnosed with CTE.

NFL player conduct policy
On April 10, 2007, the National Football League (NFL) introduced a new conduct policy to help control on and off-field behavior by its players and preserve the league's public image. The policy, introduced by NFL commissioner Roger Goodell, implements a tougher, new personal-conduct policy, and under conditions of the previous policy handed down two of the harshest suspensions in NFL history for off-field misdeeds. Each player that has been suspended must reapply for reinstatement. The policy only applies to the player's personal lives and image in the public spotlight. The NFL conducts separate investigations for drug and alcohol abuse and performance enhancement.

As of December 2011, seven players have been suspended for an extended period by the NFL due to conduct off the field.
Shikikenmon'in no Mikushige
Shikikenmon-in no Mikushige (式乾門院御匣; 13th century – 1304?), after also known as Ankamon'in Sanjo, was a Japanese poet and lady-in-waiting during the Kamakura period. She is listed as one of the prestigious Thirty-Six Immortal Women Poets of Classical Japan, and is also known by her posthumous Buddhist name of Kisaragi. She is believed to have been a daughter of Grand Minister of State Kuga Michimitsu, and thus may be the same person as a daughter of Michimitsu who is known to have died in 1304.

Lady Nijō, the author and protagonist of the diary Towazugatari, claimed Shikikenmon-in no Mikushige as her aunt, based on the genealogy cited in her diary.

Thirty-Six Immortal Women Poets
The Thirty-Six Immortal Women Poets (女房三十六歌仙, Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen) is a canon of Japanese poets who were anthologized in the middle Kamakura period. The compiler and exact date of the canon's construction is unknown, but its reference is subsequently noted in the Gunsho Ruijū, volume 13.

Five of the 36, Ono no Komachi, Lady Ise, Nakatsukasa, Saigū no Nyōgo and Kodai no Kimi also appeared in an earlier anthology with the similar title Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry which dates from 1113 (late Heian Period). The poet Fujiwara no Kintō chose this original selection that preceded the Thirty-Six Immortal Women Poets.

These five women poets from the original publication were included in the Thirty-Six Immortal Women Poets and canonized along with others from the Heian and Kamakura eras.
Long Biên station
Long Biên station is a railway station in Hoàn Kiếm District, Hanoi, Vietnam, at the western end of Long Biên Bridge. It is one of the two main railway stations of Hanoi, the other being the Hanoi central station which mostly serves the north-south route (to Ho Chi Minh City) and the north-west route (to Lao Cai). Long Biên railway station serves destinations to the North and East including Hai Phong and Đồng Đăng.

Hanoi railway station
Hanoi central station or simply Hanoi station (Vietnamese: Ga Hà Nội) is one of the main stations of Vietnam Railways, serving as the terminus of five of seven active routes in the national network, including the North–South railway (Reunification Express), the Hanoi–Lào Cai railway, the Hanoi–Haiphong Railway, the Hanoi–Đồng Đăng Railway, and the Hanoi–Quán Triều Railway. The station serves the capital city of Hanoi.  The station is located at 120 Lê Duẩn Street, Cua Nam Ward, Hoan Kiem District in central Hanoi.
GoFundMe Pro
GoFundMe Pro (formerly Classy) is a software company and online fundraising platform designed for nonprofit organizations.

Headquartered in San Diego, California, Classy was founded by CEO Scot Chisholm, Pat Walsh, and Marshall Peden in 2006, originally to host fundraising events that benefit charities. The firm transitioned to a software and services company in 2010. Its software as a service products launched in 2011 and focus on peer-to-peer fundraising, crowdfunding, events, supporter management and marketing automation. In September 2016, Classy closed $30 million in Series C funding from JMI Equity, Peter Thiel's Mithril Capital, Salesforce Ventures, and Bullpen Capital. In April 2021, it raised $118 million in series D funding, making Classy a Public Benefit Corporation.

Classy was acquired by GoFundMe in 2022. Its assets were used to launch GoFundMe Pro.

GoFundMe
GoFundMe is an American for-profit crowdfunding  platform that allows people to raise money for events ranging from life events such as celebrations and graduations to challenging circumstances like accidents and illnesses. From 2010 through early 2024, more than $30 billion has been raised on the platform, contributed by over 150 million donors.
Astrolepis
Astrolepis is a small genus of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. It was formed in 1992 from species previously placed in Cheilanthes and Notholaena. The name is derived from the Greek words ἄστρον (astron), meaning "star," and λεπίς (lepis), meaning "scale," referring to the star-like scales on adaxial blade surfaces. Members of the genus are commonly known as star-scaled cloak ferns and are native to the Americas.

Pteridaceae
Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies.  The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recognized as separate families: the adiantoid, cheilanthoid, pteridoid, and hemionitidoid ferns. Relationships among these groups remain unclear, and although some recent genetic analyses of the Pteridales suggest that neither the family Pteridaceae nor the major groups within it are all monophyletic, as yet these analyses are insufficiently comprehensive and robust to provide good support for a revision of the order at the family level.
Machakos County Assembly
A Machakos County Assembly is the forum through which the people of Machakos participate in the making of laws, formulation of policies for taxation, budgeting, and the establishment of the Machakos County public service.

Through the same forum, the people maintain surveillance and oversight on how they are governed; while the Machakos County Executive gives an account of its operations in governing the Machakos County.

Machakos County
Machakos County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya, which came into being as part of the devolved system of governance occasioned by the 2010 constitution of Kenya. The county's administrative headquarters are in Machakos Town, which is the largest town in the county. The county had a population of 1,421,932 as of 2019. The county borders Nairobi and Kiambu counties to the west, Embu to the north, Kitui to the east, Makueni to the south, Kajiado to the south west, and Murang'a and Kirinyaga to the north west.
A. Morley Davies
Arthur Morley Davies (1869–1959) was a British palaeontologist and author or co-author of a number of books on the subject. He was an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and Reader in Palaeontology at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London. He was awarded the Lyell Medal in 1929.

Davies was a critic of creationism. His book Evolution: And Its Modern Critics was a reply to the arguments of creationists such as Douglas Dewar.

Lyell Medal
The Lyell Medal is a prestigious annual scientific medal given by the Geological Society of London, equal in status to the Murchison Medal. This medal is awarded based on one Earth Scientist's exceptional contribution of research to the scientific community.  It is named after Charles Lyell.
Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.

Podkamennaya Tunguska
The Podkamennaya Tunguska (Russian: Подкаменная Тунгуска, literally Tunguska under the stones; Evenki: Дулгу Катэнӈа, Ket: Ӄо’ль) also known as Middle Tunguska or Stony Tunguska, is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.
Ilfracombe
Ilfracombe (/ˈɪlfrəkuːm/ IL-frə-koom) is a seaside resort and civil parish on the North Devon coast, England, with a small harbour surrounded by cliffs.

The parish stretches along the coast from the 'Coastguard Cottages' in Hele Bay toward the east and 4 miles (6 km) along the Torrs to Lee Bay toward the west. The resort is hilly and the highest point within the parish boundary is 'Hore Down Gate', 2 miles (3 km) inland and 860 feet (270 m) above sea level.

The landmark of Hillsborough Hill dominates the harbour and the site of an Iron Age fortified settlement. In the built environment, the architectural-award-winning Landmark Theatre has a distinctive double-conical design. The 13th-century parish church, Holy Trinity, and the St Nicholas's Chapel (a lighthouse) on Lantern Hill, have been joined by Damien Hirst's statue of Verity as points of interest.

The Torrs
The Torrs are a Local Nature Reserve and one of the four main hills in the North Devon coastal town of Ilfracombe.

The Park originally was designed in the 1880s for Victorian recreation.

The South West Coast Path passes through the Torrs.
Rocca Susella
Rocca Susella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 km south of Milan and about 30 km south of Pavia.

Rocca Susella borders the following municipalities: Borgo Priolo, Godiasco, Montesegale, Retorbido, Rivanazzano Terme, Torrazza Coste.

Torrazza Coste
Torrazza Coste is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km (31 mi) south of Milan and about 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,516 and an area of 16.1 km2 (6 sq mi).

Torrazza Coste borders the following municipalities: Borgo Priolo, Codevilla, Montebello della Battaglia, Retorbido, Rocca Susella.
Sydney Pitcher
Sydney Alfred Pitcher FRPS (9 March 1884 – 4 March 1950) was a photographer with a special interest in medieval ecclesiastical architecture, particularly stained glass windows. In his 1926 book on English Stained Glass, the art historian and critic, Sir Herbert Read, acknowledged that the illustration of the book would have been difficult “without the co-operation of Mr Sydney Pitcher of Gloucester” to whom “all students of stained glass and of medieval art in general, are under a great debt for the enthusiastic zeal with which he is recording the remains of church art in England”.

Historic England Archive
The Historic England Archive is the public archive of Historic England, located in The Engine House on Fire Fly Avenue in Swindon, formerly part of the Swindon Works of the Great Western Railway.

It is a public archive of architectural and archaeological records and holds over 12 million historic photographs, plans, drawings, reports, records and publications covering England's archaeology, architecture, social and local history. It is a dynamic collection, with records being added to this day. The PastScape website allows searching of over 420,000 records (as of 2016).
Aoraki / Mount Cook
Aoraki / Mount Cook is the highest mountain in New Zealand. Its height, as of 2014, is listed as 3,724 metres (12,218 feet). It is situated in the Southern Alps, the mountain range that runs the length of the South Island. A popular tourist destination, it is also a favourite challenge for mountaineers. Aoraki / Mount Cook consists of three summits: from south to north, the Low Peak (3,593 m or 11,788 ft), the Middle Peak (3,717 m or 12,195 ft) and the High Peak. The summits lie slightly south and east of the main divide of the Southern Alps, with the Tasman Glacier to the east and the Hooker Glacier to the southwest. Mount Cook is ranked 10th in the world by topographic isolation.

Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998
The Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998 is an act of parliament passed in New Zealand relating to Ngāi Tahu, the principal Māori iwi (tribe) of the South Island. The act's purpose is to settle all of the tribe's claims under the Treaty of Waitangi, and to record an apology to Ngai Tahu from the Crown, in regard to past failures to protect the tribe's interests. The act is administered by the Office of Treaty Settlements.

It was negotiated in part by Henare Rakiihia Tau. The documents in relation to the Ngāi Tahu land settlement claim are held at Tūranga, the main public library in Christchurch.

Schedule 96 "Alteration of place names" contains a list of places that received official name changes to dual English and Māori names, such as Aoraki / Mount Cook.
D110 road
D110 is the main state road on the islands of Pašman and Ugljan in Croatia, connecting the towns of Preko and Tkon. From these two towns Jadrolinija ferries cross to the mainland, docking in Zadar and joining the D407 state road (from Preko) and Biograd na Moru and the D503 state road (from Tkon). The road is 41.6 km (25.8 mi) long. The two islands are connected via the Ždrelac Bridge, spanning Mali Ždrelac strait.

The road, as well as all other state roads in Croatia, is managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, a state-owned company.

Pašman
Pašman (pronounced [pǎʃman]) is an Adriatic island off the coast of northern Dalmatia in Croatia with an area of 60.11 km2, located to the south of Zadar, surrounded by the islands of Ugljan to the northwest, Iž to the west, and Dugi Otok and Žut to the southwest. The island is inhabited by 2,845 people, according to the 2011 census.

There are 10 settlements on the island; Ždrelac, Banj, Dobropoljana, Neviđane, Mrljane, Barotul, Pašman and Kraj, belonging to the Municipality of Pašman, and Ugrinić and Tkon, belonging to the Municipality of Tkon.

Among all islands in the Croatian archipelago it is Pašman that has the biggest green surface considering its total area. It is the 12th largest island in the archipelago by land area. It is also known to have the cleanest water in the Adriatic due to the constantly changing currents.
Kings Nympton railway station
Kings Nympton railway station, also spelt King's Nympton, is a request stop on the Tarka Line in North Devon, serving the civil parishes of Chulmleigh, Burrington and King's Nympton. The station is located at Fortescue Cross, a road junction on the A377, around 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) from its namesake village. It is 26 miles 21 chains (42.3 km) from Exeter Central at milepost 197.75 from London Waterloo. The station and all trains are operated by Great Western Railway (GWR).

Devon and Somerset Railway
The Devon and Somerset Railway (D&SR) was a cross-country line that connected Barnstaple in Devon, England, to the network of the Bristol and Exeter Railway (B&ER) near Taunton. It was opened in stages between 1871 and 1873 and closed in 1966. It served a mostly rural area although it carried some through services from east of Taunton to the seaside resort of Ilfracombe.

From 1988 onwards the route of the line west of South Molton was redeveloped to form the part of the North Devon Link Road.
Engineering Institute
The Engineering Institute is the research institute of the UNAM in Mexico City which focuses on engineering-related topics. It operates the postgraduate programs of the Faculty of Engineering (UNAM).

It is Mexico's most productive research center for diverse branches of engineering.

The institute's policy has always been to solve general engineering problems, to collaborate with government and private entities to improve the national engineering practice and to supply engineering services. The institute has focused on disseminating the result of its research projects to contribute to the national development and the well-being of society.

School of Engineering, UNAM
The Faculty of Engineering (Spanish: Facultad de Ingeniería) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico is the division of the aforementioned university in charge of engineering and applied studies in the physical and natural sciences. At the undergraduate level, it offers thirteen majors and some graduate programs. In fall 2008, the school of engineering had over 10,900 undergraduate students and 1,115 graduate students and postdocs. Chemistry and chemical engineering are offered neither by the School of Engineering nor the Faculty of Sciences, but by a separate Faculty of Chemistry.