hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Insectivora
The order Insectivora (from Latin insectum "insect" and vorare "to eat") is an obsolete biological grouping within the class of mammals. Some species have now been moved out, leaving the remaining ones in the order Eulipotyphla within the larger clade Laurasiatheria, which makes up one of the basal clades of placental mammals.

Erinaceidae
Erinaceidae /ˌɛrɪnəˈsiːɪdiː/ (from Latin erinaceus, "hedgehog")  is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla has been shown to be monophyletic; Soricomorpha is paraphyletic because both Soricidae and Talpidae share a more recent common ancestor with Erinaceidae than with solenodons.

Erinaceidae contains the well-known hedgehogs (subfamily Erinaceinae) of Eurasia and Africa and the gymnures or moonrats (subfamily Galericinae) of Southeast Asia. This family was once considered part of the order Insectivora, but that polyphyletic order is now considered defunct.
Fulk of Angoulême
Fulk of Angoulême was the eleventh count of Angoulême. He was the son of Count Geoffrey of Angoulême and Petronille de Archiac. He died in 1087 or 1089, depending on the sources.

He had a son, who succeeded him in title and territory, William V.

Geoffrey of Angoulême
Geoffrey (died 1048) was the Count of Angoulême from 1032. His brother Alduin II succeeded their father, William II, as Count in 1028, but the brothers quarrelled over their inheritance in the Bordelais. In a settlement that year, Alduin granted three quarters of the newer castle (the old one still stood) at Blavia (Blaye) to Geoffrey in beneficio, keeping the remaining quarter for himself as an allod. Their quarrel had given opportunity to the Saintonge to rebel, and the counts lost control of it, being reduced to "minor nobles dependent upon the dukes of Aquitaine".

In 1047, Count Geoffrey I of Anjou imported moneyers from Angoulême to staff his new mint at Saintes, which his father had taken over during the previous rebellion.

He had a son by Petronilla of Archiac, who succeeded him in title and territory:

Fulk of Angoulême
Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).

Mayagüez barrio-pueblo
Mayagüez barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Mayagüez, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2020 was 18,569.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
Champion Bay
Champion Bay is a coastal feature north of Geraldton, Western Australia,  facing the port and city between Point Moore and Bluff Point.

Champion Bay was named by Lieutenant John Lort Stokes of HMS Beagle, who surveyed the area in April 1840. He named it after the colonial schooner Champion, in which George Fletcher Moore had travelled to the region and first located the bay in January of that year.

The locality at the bay was also called Champion Bay. The townsite of Geraldton was surveyed in 1850, named after Captain Charles Fitzgerald, 4th Governor of Western Australia.

The area around Champion Bay was traditionally inhabited by an Aboriginal people who spoke the Nhanhagardi language.

In 1877 a lighthouse was with a diptric lens was built at Bluff Point in Champion Bay. The upper square portion was 7.5 metres high while the lower octagonal base was 11.3 metres high.

Nhanhagardi language
The Nhanhagardi language, also written Nana karti, Nanakarti, Nanakarri, Nanakari, and Nanakati, and also known as Wilunyu, Wiri, Minangu, Barimaia and Jaburu (meaning "northern peoples"), is an Aboriginal Australian language of the Champion Bay area of Western Australia.

No speakers of the language have been recorded since 1975 and through successive Australian censuses up to 2016. According to Vaso Elefsiniotis of the Irra Wangga Language Centre, Nhanhagardi usually refers to the traditional language and people of Champion Bay.

There was some doubt about its existence and classification, but as of 2020, its status is confirmed on AIATSIS.

According to Clarrie Cameron, who is of Nhanhagardi descent, "Pulinya" (AIATSIS W43) is an old name for Nhanhagardi, but Ethnologue equates it with the Yinggarda language. Cameron also says that Nhanhagardi is a Nhanda (S14) language.
Event Cinemas
Greater Union Organisation Pty Ltd, trading as Event Cinemas, Moonlight Cinema and Birch Carroll & Coyle (BCC Cinemas), is the largest movie exhibitor in Australia and New Zealand, with over 140 cinema complexes currently operating worldwide.

The Greater Union Organisation is a subsidiary of EVT Limited (formerly known as Event Hospitality and Entertainment) which is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, a corporation that owns and operates brands in the entertainment, hospitality and leisure sectors, mainly within Australasia.

Cinema of Australia
The cinema of Australia began with the 1906 production of The Story of the Kelly Gang, arguably the world's first feature film. Since then, Australian crews have produced many films, a number of which have received international recognition. Many actors and filmmakers with international reputations started their careers in Australian films, and many of these have established lucrative careers in larger film-producing centres such as the US and the UK.

Commercially successful Australian films include Crocodile Dundee, George Miller's Mad Max trilogy, Baz Luhrmann's Moulin Rouge!, and Chris Noonan's Babe. Award-winning productions include Picnic at Hanging Rock, Gallipoli, The Tracker, Shine and Ten Canoes.
Women's Home Internationals
The Women's Home Internationals were an amateur team golf championship for women contested between the four Home Nations of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland, where Ireland was represented by the whole island of Ireland on an All-Ireland basis. After the Ladies' Golf Union, the former governing body for women's golf in Great Britain and Ireland, merged into The R&A in 2016, The R&A took over organisation of the event. The match was played annually and the venue cycled between the four nations. In 2022 the match was replaced by a combined Women's and Men's Home Internationals.

The event started in 1905 when Mr. T. H. Miller presented a trophy for the competition. A number of earlier internationals had been played, with England and Ireland playing a match as early as 1895. Triangular matches involving teams from England, Ireland and Scotland had been played in 1902 and 1904.

Vicki Thomas
Vicki Thomas (née Rawlings, born 27 October 1954) is a Welsh amateur golfer. She played in six successive Curtis Cup matches from 1982 to 1992. She won the Welsh Ladies' Amateur Championship eight times and the Welsh Women's Open Stroke Play Championship five times.
Copley Square
Copley Square /ˈkɒpli/ is a public square in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood, bounded by Boylston Street, Clarendon Street, St. James Avenue, and Dartmouth Street. The square is named for painter John Singleton Copley. Prior to 1883 it was known as Art Square due to its many cultural institutions, some of which remain today.

Old South Church
Old South Church (also known as New Old South Church or Third Church), is a historic United Church of Christ congregation in Boston, Massachusetts, first organized in 1669. Its present building at 645 Boylston Street in Copley Square, built on newly filled land in the Back Bay section of Boston, was completed in 1873. It was designed in the Gothic Revival style by Charles Amos Cummings and Willard T. Sears, while the campanile was designed by the architects Allen & Collens and added between 1935 and 1937. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970 for its architectural significance as one of the finest High Victorian Gothic churches in New England. It is home to one of the oldest religious communities in the United States.
Mark Stanhope
Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, GCB, OBE, DL (born 26 March 1952) is a retired Royal Navy officer. After serving as a submarine commander, he commanded a frigate and then commanded an aircraft carrier on operational patrol off Sierra Leone. He went on to be Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Transformation and then Commander-in-Chief Fleet. He served as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval staff, the professional head of the Royal Navy, from July 2009 to April 2013. In this role he advised the British Government on the deployment of naval forces during operations around Libya. He was succeeded by Admiral Sir George Zambellas in April 2013.

St Peter's College, Oxford
St Peter's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Located on New Inn Hall Street, Oxford, United Kingdom, it occupies the site of two of the university's medieval halls dating back to at least the 14th century. The modern college was founded by Francis James Chavasse, former Bishop of Liverpool, opened as St Peter's Hall in 1929, and achieved full collegiate status as St Peter's College in 1961. Founded as a men's college, it has been coeducational since 1979.

As of 2023, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £52.8 million.
Stud Stable
The Stud Stable was a professional wrestling heel stable in  Southeast Championship Wrestling, the Continental Wrestling Association, Smoky Mountain Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling, and Major League Wrestling.

Haku (wrestler)
Tonga ʻUliʻuli Fifita (born February 10, 1959) is a Tongan professional wrestler and former sumo wrestler (rikishi), best known for his appearances in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) under the ring name Haku and his appearances with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as Meng.

Making his debut in 1978, Fifita also wrestled under the names King Tonga and King Haku while wrestling for the WWF. Fifita appeared on multiple pay-per-view events for the WWF and WCW and is a former WWF World Tag Team Champion.
Edge-preserving smoothing
Edge-preserving smoothing or edge-preserving filtering is an image processing technique that smooths away noise or textures while retaining sharp edges. Examples are the median, bilateral, guided, anisotropic diffusion, and Kuwahara filters.

Kuwahara filter
The Kuwahara filter is a non-linear smoothing filter used in image processing for adaptive noise reduction. Most filters that are used for image smoothing are linear low-pass filters that effectively reduce noise but also blur out the edges. However the Kuwahara filter is able to apply smoothing on the image while preserving the edges.

It is named after Michiyoshi Kuwahara, Ph.D., who worked at Kyoto and Osaka Sangyo Universities in Japan, developing early medical imaging of dynamic heart muscle in the 1970s and 80s.
E-government in Europe
All European countries show eGovernment initiatives, mainly related to the improvement of governance at the national level. Significant eGovernment activities also take place at the European Commission level as well. There is an extensive list of eGovernment Fact Sheets maintained by the European Commission.

Interoperability
Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader definition takes into account social, political, and organizational factors that impact system-to-system performance.

Types of interoperability include syntactic interoperability, where two systems can communicate with each other, and cross-domain interoperability, where multiple organizations work together and exchange information.
Wellington Street (Ottawa)
Wellington Street (French: Rue Wellington) is a major street in Ottawa, Canada. It is notable for being the main street of the Parliamentary Precinct of the Parliament of Canada. It is one of the first two streets laid out in Bytown in 1826 (the other being the eastern leg of Wellington, Rideau Street). The street runs from Vimy Place, just west of Booth Street, to the Rideau Canal where it connects with Rideau Street and delimits the northern border of the downtown core. It is named after the Duke of Wellington, in recognition of his role in the creation of the Rideau Canal, and therefore of Ottawa (see History of Ottawa).

Bytown
Bytown is the former name of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was founded on September 26, 1826, incorporated as a town on January 1, 1850, and superseded by the incorporation of the City of Ottawa on January 1, 1855. The founding was marked by a sod turning, and a letter from Governor General Dalhousie which authorized Lieutenant Colonel John By to divide up the town into lots.  Bytown came about as a result of the construction of the Rideau Canal and grew largely due to the Ottawa River timber trade.  Bytown's first mayor was John Scott, elected in 1847.
Parviz Sayyad
Parviz Sayyad (Persian: پرویز صیاد, romanized: Parviz Sayyād; born 22 March 1939) is an Iranian-born celebrated actor, director and screenwriter of Iranian cinema. He was one of the earliest television stars in Iran.

Dead End (1977 film)
Dead End (Persian: Bon Bast) is a 1977 Iranian drama film written and directed by Parviz Sayyad. It was entered into the 10th Moscow International Film Festival where Mary Apick won the award for Best Actress.
David Armstrong (photographer)
David Bradley Armstrong (May 24, 1954 – October 26, 2014) was an American photographer based in New York.

Armstrong first exhibited his work in 1977 and had one-person shows in New York City, Boston, Berlin, Paris, Rome, Zurich, Düsseldorf, Lisbon, Munich, and Amsterdam. His work was included in numerous group museum exhibitions including the 1995 Whitney Biennial, Emotions and Relations at the Hamburger Kunsthalle in 1998, and Photography in Boston: 1955–1985 at the DeCordova Museum in Lincoln in 2000.

Jack Pierson
Jack Pierson (born 1960 in Plymouth, Massachusetts) is an American artist and gallerist. Pierson is known for his photographs, collages, word sculptures, installations, drawings, and artist's books. His works are held in numerous museum collections.
Akilah Byron-Nisbett
Akilah Byron-Nisbett is a former politician from Saint Kitts and Nevis who served as a cabinet minister from 2020 until 2022, and was also a member of the National Assembly as a Senator from 2016 to 2020 and Member of Parliament for the Saint Christopher #3 constituency from 2020 to 2022.  She was affiliated with the People’s Labour Party (PLP) until 2023.

Konris Maynard
Konris Maynard, or King Konris (born 8 July 1983) is a Kittitian politician who has served as a Minister in the Cabinet of Saint Kitts and Nevis since August 2022. He is also notable for having won the Saint Kitts and Nevis National Calypso Show four times in succession, the only person to hold this record.  Maynard also won a fifth crown, to celebrate the Silver Jubilee of the Independence of Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Countries of the Bay of Bengal
The countries of the Bay of Bengal include littoral and landlocked countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia that depend on the bay for maritime usage. Historically, the Bay of Bengal has been a highway of transport, trade, and cultural exchange between diverse peoples encompassing the Indian subcontinent, Indochinese Peninsula, and Malay Archipelago. Today, the Bay of Bengal region is the convergence of two major geopolitical blocs- the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) promotes regional engagement in the area.

The Bay of Bengal countries are often categorized into a maritime subregion. The bay hosts vital shipping routes linking its littoral and landlocked hinterland with the Indian Ocean. Its sea bed is being explored and exploited for hydrocarbon reserves.

Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
Battle of Leyte
The Battle of Leyte in the Pacific campaign of World War II was the amphibious invasion of the island of Leyte in the Philippines by American forces and Filipino guerrillas under the overall command of General Douglas MacArthur. The combined forces fought against the Imperial Japanese Army in the Philippines led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita. The operation, codenamed King Two, launched the Philippines campaign of 1944–45 for the recapture and liberation of the entire Philippine Archipelago and to end almost three years of Japanese occupation.

16th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 16th Division (第16師団, Dai Jūroku Shidan) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its tsūshōgō code name was the Wall Division (垣兵団, Kaki Heidan), and its military symbol was 16D. The 16th Division was one of four new infantry divisions raised by the Imperial Japanese Army in the closing stages of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). With Japan's limited resources towards the end of that conflict, the entire IJA was committed to combat in Manchuria, leaving not a single division to guard the Japanese home islands from attack. The 16th Division was initially raised from men in the area surrounding Kyoto 18 July 1905 under the command of Lieutenant General Yamanaka Nobuyoshi.
Ciarán of Saigir
Ciarán of Saigir (Old Irish pronunciation: [ˈkʲiːa̯ɾaːn … ˈsagʲiɾʲ]; 5th century – c. 530), also known as Ciarán mac Luaigne or Saint Kieran (Welsh: Cieran), was one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland and is considered the first saint to have been born in Ireland, although the legend that he preceded Saint Patrick is questionable. Ciarán was bishop of Saighir (Seir-Kieran) and remains the patron saint of its successor, the diocese of Ossory.

His feast day is celebrated on 5 March. He is sometimes called Saint Ciarán the Elder (Latin: Kyaranus or Ciaranus Maior) to distinguish him from the other 6th-century Irish Saint Ciarán, who was abbot of Clonmacnoise. He shares the feast date of 5 March with his mother, St. Liadán, and his disciple and episcopal successor, St. Carthach the Elder.

His identity is sometimes equated with that of Saint Piran.

Cape Clear Island
Clear Island or Cape Clear Island (officially known by its Irish name: Cléire, and sometimes also called Oileán Chléire) is an island off the south-west coast of County Cork in Ireland. It is the southernmost inhabited part of Ireland and had a population of 110 people as of the 2022 census.

The island is a Gaeltacht area (Irish-speaking area), in which Irish is spoken on a daily basis. The nearest neighbouring island is Sherkin Island, which is 2 kilometres (1 nautical mile) east of Cape Clear Island.

The island is divided into east and west halves by an isthmus called the Waist, with the North Harbour to the landward side and the South Harbour on the seaward side. Ferries sail regularly from the North Harbour to Schull and Baltimore on the mainland. The South Harbour is a popular berth for yachts and pleasure boats during the summer months.
Joint Association of Classical Teachers
The Joint Association of Classical Teachers (JACT) was a UK organisation for the encouragement of the teaching of Classics in schools and universities. It was merged into the Classical Association with effect from 2 January 2015. The JACT Summer Schools Trust (JSST) continues to run the four JACT summer schools.

Classical Association
The Classical Association (CA) is an educational organisation which aims to promote and widen access to the study of classical subjects in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1903, the Classical Association supports and advances classical learning in schools, colleges, universities and local areas, and it has a wide membership. The Classical Association is a member of the Council for Subject Associations and is a registered charity.
Flex D'Paper
Alex Julius Kwesigabo (born 19 January 1990), better known by his stage name Flex D'Paper, is an Ugandan rapper and songwriter from Kampala, Uganda.  He was part of the high school rap group, The Rapaholix which he started with friends, Dasper Cosine and later joined by A Pass as an affiliate. The trio put out a mix tape, "The Eviction Notice” which included chart topping singles like "Burning", "Party Life" and "Follow Me" (with Allan Toniks) which topped countdowns in Uganda such as NTV and Sanyu FM.

He was also part of the 2014 UG Cypher including the finest Ugandan rappers: Navio, Keko, Big Tril, Don MC, AirporTaxi rappers (Tucker and LLyboc) St. Nelly Sade, GNL Zamba, DJ Global, JB, The Mith, Ruyonga, and Atlas.

Not for Sale (mixtape)
Not for Sale is the first solo mixtape by Ugandan recording artist and record producer Flex D'Paper. A follow-up to Eviction Notice mixtape by Rapaholix in 2012 that had songs from Flex and fellow members. Not For Sale was released on 27 June 2017 by his imprint Rapaholix Music on the TheTribe Ug website, a popular hip hop platform online in Uganda.
Dmosin
Dmosin [ˈdmɔɕin] is a village in Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dmosin. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north of Brzeziny and 26 km (16 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź. It consists of three sołectwos: Dmosin, Dmosin Pierwszy ("first Dmosin") and Dmosin Drugi ("second Dmosin").

The village has an approximate population of 1,500.

Dmosin Drugi
Dmosin Drugi [ˈdmɔɕin ˈdruɡi] ("Dmosin the second") is a sołectwo in the administrative district of Gmina Dmosin, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is one of three sołectwos (Dmosin, Dmosin Pierwszy and Dmosin Drugi) making up the location commonly referred to as Dmosin. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of Brzeziny and 26 km (16 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Lynch Hotel
Lynch Hotel is a historic hotel located at Newton Hook in Columbia County, New York.  It was built about 1900 and is a 2-story, five-by-four-bay, frame building with a gable roof in the Queen Anne style. Also on the property is a small barn or carriage house.  It has been a single family home since about 1935.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.  The neighboring James Lynch House was listed in 2009.

James Lynch House
James Lynch House is a historic home located at Nutten Hook in Columbia County, New York, United States. It was built about 1900 and is a two-story, light frame building on a brick foundation. It functioned as the Nutten Hook post office from about 1948 to 1955. It was built for James Lynch, who operated the adjacent Lynch Hotel.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.