hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Conservative replacement
A conservative replacement (also called a conservative mutation or a conservative substitution or a homologous replacement) is an amino acid replacement in a protein that changes a given amino acid to a different amino acid with similar biochemical properties (e.g. charge, hydrophobicity and size).

Conversely, a radical replacement, or radical substitution, is an amino acid replacement that exchanges an initial amino acid by a final amino acid with different physicochemical properties.

Amino acid replacement
Amino acid replacement is a change from one amino acid to a different amino acid in a protein due to point mutation in the corresponding DNA sequence. It is caused by nonsynonymous missense mutation which changes the codon sequence to code other amino acid instead of the original.
Kenneth Jacobs (politician)
Kenneth Leonard Jacobs (born 7 May 1959) is a South African politician and doctor, and the chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on Health in the National Assembly of South Africa since 2021. He has been a Member of Parliament since 2019. Jacobs is a member of the African National Congress.

Portfolio Committee on Health
The Portfolio Committee on Health is a National Assembly of South Africa committee established to oversee the work of the Department of Health (DOH) as well as the following related entities: the Allied Health Professions Council, the Compensation Commissioner for Occupational Diseases, the Council for Medical Schemes (CMS), the South Africa Dental Technicians Council, the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), the Interim Traditional Health Practitioners Council, the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), the Office of Health Standards Compliance, the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority, the South African Nursing Council, and the South African Pharmacy Council.

As of 2021, Kenneth Jacobs of the African National Congress serves as chairperson of the committee. Notable former chairpersons include Sibongiseni Dhlomo (2019–2021) Mary-Ann Dunjwa (2014–2019) and Bevan Goqwana (2009–2014).
Sinopia
Sinopia (also known as sinoper, named after the now Turkish city Sinop) is a dark reddish-brown natural  earth pigment, whose reddish colour comes from hematite, a dehydrated form of iron oxide. It was widely used in Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages for painting, and during the Renaissance it was often used on the rough initial layer of plaster for the underdrawing for a fresco. The word came to be used both for the pigment and for the preparatory drawing itself, which may be revealed when a fresco is stripped from its wall for transfer.

During the Middle Ages sinopia in Latin and Italian came to mean simply a red ochre. It entered the English language as the word sinoper, meaning a red earth colour.

Sinopia is a colour in various modern colour systems.

Sinop, Turkey
Sinop is a city on the isthmus of İnce Burun (İnceburun, Cape Ince) and on the Boztepe Peninsula, near Cape Sinope (Sinop Burnu, Boztepe Cape, Boztepe Burnu) which is situated on the northernmost edge of the Turkish side of the Black Sea coast, in the ancient region of Paphlagonia, in modern-day northern Turkey. It is the seat of Sinop Province and Sinop District. Its population is 57,404 (2022).
William H. Tunner
William Henry Tunner (July 14, 1906 – April 6, 1983) was a general officer in the United States Air Force and its predecessor, the United States Army Air Forces.  Tunner was known for his expertise in the command of large-scale military airlift operations, first in Air Transport Command (ATC) during World War II, commanding The Hump operation, and later in Military Air Transport Service (MATS) during the Berlin Airlift in 1949–1951. He eventually rose to the rank of Lieutenant general and commanded MATS itself.

Tunner appointed Nancy Love to the staff of his first major command in 1942 and was a key figure in the planning and creation of the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Service.

Military Air Transport Service
The Military Air Transport Service (MATS) is an inactive Department of Defense Unified Command.  Activated on 1 June 1948, MATS was a consolidation of the United States Navy's Naval Air Transport Service (NATS) and the United States Air Force's Air Transport Command (ATC) into a single joint command. It was inactivated and discontinued on 8 January 1966, superseded by the Air Force's Military Airlift Command (MAC) as a separate strategic airlift command, and it returned shore-based Navy cargo aircraft to Navy control as operational support airlift (OSA) aircraft.

In 1966, the World War II ATC (1942–1948) and the Military Air Transport Service were consolidated with Military Airlift Command (MAC) (1966–1992).
Billy Boston
Sir William John Boston (born 6 August 1934) is a Welsh former professional rugby league footballer who played as a winger or centre. Born and raised in Cardiff, Wales, Boston started his career as a rugby union player before joining Wigan in 1953. Regarded as one of the sport's greatest ever players, Boston scored 571 tries in his career, making him the second-highest try scorer in rugby league history.

Boston spent 15 years of his career at Wigan to which he is most well known, where he scored a club-record 478 tries in his 488 appearances for the club. He finished his career at Blackpool Borough before retiring in 1970. Internationally, he represented Great Britain in 31 Test matches, scoring 24 tries, and was part of the team that won the 1960 Rugby League World Cup.

Blackpool Borough
Blackpool Borough was a rugby league club based in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, that played in the Rugby Football League from 1954 until 1993. The club moved to Wigan in 1987 and was renamed Springfield Borough; to Chorley in 1988 and was renamed Chorley Borough; to Altrincham in 1989 and was renamed Trafford Borough, and finally back to Blackpool in 1992 as Blackpool Gladiators. It folded in 1997.

The team wore tangerine, black and white jerseys.
Boston (song)
"Boston" is a song by American rock band Augustana, from their debut album All the Stars and Boulevards (2005). The song was released as the second single on January 17, 2006. It was originally produced in 2003 by Jon King for their demo, Midwest Skies and Sleepless Mondays, and was later re-recorded with producer Brendan O'Brien for All the Stars and Boulevards.

All the Stars and Boulevards
All the Stars and Boulevards is the debut album by American rock band Augustana The album was released September 6, 2005, by Epic Records.

The album's release went largely unnoticed at the time. However, the single "Boston" was used during an episode of the CW series One Tree Hill in 2006 and propelled the band into national prominence. As a result, the song was used in several other MTV and VH1 shows, and Augustana was selected as a "You Oughta Know" band by VH1. The album was then selectively re-released on September 12, 2006. "Boston" continued to be used on television into 2007, including in episodes of the series Scrubs, Shark, and The Big Bang Theory.
San Leandro, California
San Leandro (Spanish for "St. Leander") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It is located in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area; between Oakland to the northwest, and Ashland, Castro Valley, and Hayward to the southeast. The population was 91,008 as of the 2020 census.

Castro Valley, California
Castro Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Alameda County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, it was the fourth most populous unincorporated area in California. The population was 66,441 at the 2020 census.

Castro Valley is named after Guillermo Castro, a noted 19th-century Mexican Californio ranchero who owned the land where the community is located.
Hassan bin Mohamed Al Thani
Sheikh Hassan bin Mohamed bin Ali Al Thani (born 1960 in Doha) A prominent member of the Qatari royal family and the grandson of the former Emir of Qatar is a Qatari artist, collector, researcher, and educator in the field of modern art from the Arab world, India, and Asia. His multi-billion dollar art collection is one of the most valuable and extensive in the Middle East. He is Vice Chairperson of Qatar Museums Authority, Advisor for Cultural Affairs at Qatar Foundation and founder of Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art.

In 2013, he was elected Chair of the International Council of Museums Arab Countries Alliance (ICOM-ARAB).

Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art
Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art  (متحف : المتحف العربي للفن الحديث) is a  museum in Doha, Qatar with over 9,000 objects. Established in 2010, it is considered a major cultural attraction in the country.

Mathaf houses the world's largest collection of modern and contemporary Arab art.
Lords of Magic
Lords of Magic is a turn-based strategy Microsoft Windows game designed for Windows 95/98 by Sierra On-Line. The game was intended to combine elements of Heroes of Might and Magic II and Lords of the Realm II. The special edition also contains the Legends of Urak quest pack, a set of five individual quests that revolve around stories unrelated to the main plot of the game.

Lords of the Realm II
Lords of the Realm II (also known as Lords 2) is a computer game published by Sierra On-Line and developed by Impressions Games. It was first released for the PC in 1996, and is the second game in the Lords of the Realm series.

The game takes place in a medieval setting, with rulers of several counties warring for the right to be king of the land. Players grow crops, accumulate resources, manufacture weapons, manage armies, build and lay siege to castles, capture provinces, and ultimately attempt to conquer their enemies.
Dunaivtsi Raion
Dunaivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Дунаєвецький район) was a raion in Khmelnytskyi Oblast in Ukraine. Its administrative center was Dunaivtsi. It was established in 1923. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast to three. The area of Dunaivtsi Raion was merged into Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 59,576 (2020 est.)

Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion
Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (Ukrainian: Кам'янець-Подільський район, romanized: Kamjanec'-Podil's'kyj rajon) is one of the three administrative raions (district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi. Population: 279,789 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Chemerivtsi, Dunaivtsi, and Nova Ushytsia Raions, as well as the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 63,302 (2020 est.). Its population was 75,506 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census.
Jonathan Sayer
Jonathan Sayer is a British actor and playwright. He co-founded Mischief Theatre, responsible for The Play That Goes Wrong, Peter Pan Goes Wrong, The Comedy About a Bank Robbery, Groan Ups, Magic Goes Wrong and The Goes Wrong Show.

The Comedy About a Bank Robbery
The Comedy About a Bank Robbery is a comedy play written by Henry Lewis, Jonathan Sayer and Henry Shields of Mischief Theatre.

The play premiered at the Criterion Theatre in London's West End on 31 March 2016, with an official opening night on 21 April 2016, marking the third production by Mischief Theatre to open in the West End following The Play That Goes Wrong and Peter Pan Goes Wrong (with all three running simultaneously during the Christmas 2016 season).
Tiffany Lamb
Tiffany Lamb (born 22 September 1966) is an Australian model, actress, and TV presenter. She is best known for co-hosting Perfect Match, and starring in Flipper – The New Adventures and Paradise Beach.

Paradise Beach
Paradise Beach is an Australian television series created by Rick Maier, Wayne Doyle and Bevan Lee and made by Village Roadshow Pictures. It was made in association with America's Genesis Entertainment which later merged with New World Television for the Nine Network, and aired between 1993 and 1994.  The series was created by Wayne Doyle and  is set around characters living and working on Queensland's Gold Coast and was filmed largely on location, offering views of crashing waves, golden beaches and scantily clad young women and men. Paradise Beach was intended not only as a rival to Australian soaps Neighbours and Home and Away, but also to be the first breakthrough Australian soap to air in the American market.
Alba (electronics)
Alba was a British consumer electronics company and brand name that produced budget electronics. Its origins date to 1917 when it became active in the radio and TV industry as A.J. Balcombe Ltd.

Following the demise of the original company in the early 1980s, the brand was purchased by distributor Harvard International, which in turn rebranded itself as Alba plc. In addition to Alba, the company subsequently acquired or licensed numerous other brands, including Bush, and became popular in the low-end market in the UK.

In 2008, it reverted to its old name and sold both the Alba and Bush brands to the Home Retail Group, the parent company of the retailer Argos, which was in turn was taken over by J Sainsbury plc in 2016. The Alba brand was quietly dropped by Sainsbury's in 2022 in favour of its more upmarket sister brand Bush. Harvard International retains the rights to the brand for Australia and New Zealand.

Home Retail Group
Home Retail Group plc was a British retail company established on 10 October 2006, following the spin-off of Argos Retail Group (ARG) from GUS plc.  It was listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE).

The group primarily comprised two retailers: Argos and Homebase, as well as in-house brands such as Chad Valley and Habitat. In April 2007, the group bought a stake in the Irish 'Home Store + More' chain and established its UK business, closing this in 2012 and selling their stake in 2013.

In February 2016. Home Retail Group sold Homebase to Australian-based Wesfarmers. In April 2016, it was announced that Home Retail Group would sell itself to British supermarket Sainsbury's for £1.4 billion.
Kōban
A kōban (Japanese: 交番) is a small neighborhood police station found in Japan. The term also refers to the smallest organizational unit in a modern Japanese prefectural police force. Small kōban buildings, staffed by uniformed officers at around 6,000 locations across the country, are the bases for community policing activities which complement the work of larger, central police stations. Although often translated into English as "police box", kōban bear little resemblance to the police boxes formerly found in the United Kingdom or the police call boxes formerly found in the United States, as they are larger and more permanent structures than both police boxes and call boxes.

Police station
A police station is a facility operated by police or a similar law enforcement agency that serves to accommodate police officers and other law enforcement personnel. The role served by a police station varies by agency, type, and jurisdiction, but in larger agencies there may be multiple police stations that serve as regional or area sub-headquarters for personnel assigned to certain beats, administrative divisions, or police units, while in smaller agencies there may be fewer stations or even one singular police headquarters.
Mbezi
Mbezi (Kata ya Mbezi, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Ubungo District of the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. Mabwepande and Wazo of Kinondoni MC border the ward to the north. The ward is bordered to the east by the wards of Saranga and Goba. South of here is Msigani. The westernmost wards  are Kwembe, Kibamba, Maili Moja, and Pangani, the latter two of Kibaha. The ward is home to the majority of Pande Game Reserve's area. The ward is named after the Mbezi River, which passes through it. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 73,414.

Saranga, Ubungo
Saranga (Kata ya Saranga, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Ubungo District of the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. Goba and Makongo, the latter of which is in Kinondoni MC, border the ward on the north. The ward is bordered by Kimara to the east. Ilala MC's Kinyerezi Ward is to the south. Kwembe, Msigani, and Mbezi wards are to the west. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 104,127.
Alajuela Province
Alajuela (Spanish pronunciation: [alaˈxwela]) is a province of Costa Rica. It is located in the north-central part of the country, bordering Nicaragua to the north. It also borders the provinces of Heredia to the east, San José to the south, Puntarenas to the southwest and Guanacaste to the west. As of 2011, the province had a population of 885,571. Alajuela is composed of 16 cantons, which are divided into 111 districts. It covers an area of 9,757.53 square kilometers.

The provincial capital is Alajuela. Other large cities include Quesada, Aguas Zarcas, Naranjo, Zarcero, Orotina, Sarchí Norte, Upala, San Ramón, Grecia and Los Chiles.

San Ramón, Costa Rica
San Ramón is a district in the canton of San Ramón in Alajuela Province in Costa Rica. The central municipality (distrito) of San Ramón covers an area of 1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) and has a population of 10,710. Together with adjoining distritos, it forms what is colloquially known as Ciudad de San Ramón (San Ramón City). However, cities are no longer a valid administrative division in Costa Rica, by municipal codex law 7794 of April 30, 1998.

The district lies at an elevation of 1,057 m (3,468 ft) above sea level in the Cordillera de Tilarán.
L.A. International Airport
"L.A. International Airport" is a song by Susan Raye. It was written by Leanne Scott and first recorded in 1970 by David Frizzell. It was released in April 1971, and reached #67 on the Billboard Country Singles chart.

Susan Raye
Susan Raye (born October 8, 1944) is an American country music singer. She enjoyed great popularity during the early and mid-1970s, and chalked up seven top-10 and 19 top-40 country hits, most notably the song "L.A. International Airport", an international crossover pop hit in 1971.

Raye was a protegee of country music singer Buck Owens. Owens and Raye recorded a number of hit albums and singles together, and were one of the most successful country duet acts of the era, in addition to their solo careers.
Las Vegas Outlaws (XFL)
The Las Vegas Outlaws were an American football team in the XFL. They played in the Western Division with the Los Angeles Xtreme, San Francisco Demons and Memphis Maniax.  They played their home games at Sam Boyd Stadium. On February 3, 2001, The Outlaws hosted the first nationally televised XFL game on NBC against the New York/New Jersey Hitmen.

New York/New Jersey Hitmen
The New York/New Jersey Hitmen were an American football team based in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The Hitmen were the members of the Eastern Division of the XFL. The team played their home games in Giants Stadium of the Meadowlands Sports Complex.
Thomas Bibb
Thomas Bibb (May 8, 1783 – September 20, 1839) was the second governor of Alabama and served from 1820 to 1821.

He was the president of the Alabama Senate when his brother, Governor William Wyatt Bibb, died in office on July 10, 1820, as a result of a fall from a horse. By his senatorial office and under the state constitution, Thomas Bibb took over as governor for the remainder of his brother's term. He did not seek election as governor but later served in the Alabama House of Representatives.

He was born in Amelia County, Virginia, in 1783. He grew up in Georgia before he moved to what later became Alabama. He was married to Parmelia Thompson from 1809 to his death on September 20, 1839.

Bibb owned Belle Mina, a slave-labor farm and plantation house in Belle Mina, Alabama.

William W. Bibb
William Wyatt Bibb (October 2, 1781 – July 10, 1820) was a  United States senator from Georgia, the first governor of the  Alabama Territory, and the first governor of the U.S. state of Alabama. Bibb was a member of the Democratic-Republican Party and served as governor of Alabama until his death on July 10, 1820, from a horse riding accident. He is the first of only three people in U.S. history to be elected a U.S. Senator from one state and the governor of another. Bibb County, Alabama, and Bibb County, Georgia, are named for him.
Asociación de Informadores Cinematográficos de España
The Asociación de Informadores Cinematográficos de España (lit. 'Association of Cinematographic Informers of Spain'; AICE) is an association of entertainment journalists and film and television critics of Spain in television, radio, and online and print media. Created in 2013, it annually bestows the Feroz Awards.

Feroz Awards
The Feroz Awards (Spanish: Premios Feroz) are Spain-based film and television awards presented by the Asociación de Informadores Cinematográficos de España ('Association of Cinematographic Informers of Spain').

Created as film awards, the first edition took place in January 2014. Categories recognizing excellence in television were added for the 4th edition that took place in 2017.
12 'O' Clock (film)
12 'O' Clock is a 2021 Indian Hindi-language horror film directed by Ram Gopal Varma and starring Mithun Chakraborty, Flora Saini, Manav Kaul, Krishna Gautam and Makarand Deshpande. The film was first announced with the name Geher, but the following trailer revealed it had been renamed 12 'O' Clock on 3 July 2020. It was released in India on 8 January 2021.

Makarand Deshpande
Makarand Deshpande (born 6 March 1966) is an Indian actor, writer, and director in Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Telugu, Malayalam, Tamil films, and Indian theatre. He is often seen in supporting and pivotal roles in films like Jungle, Sarfarosh, Swades, Makdee, Satya,Bbuddah... Hoga Terra Baap and Darna Zaroori Hai where he plays drunkard, wayfarer, and comic roles. He has directed five films.
Heart of the North
Heart of the North is a 1938 American adventure film directed by Lewis Seiler and written by Lee Katz and Vincent Sherman. The film stars Dick Foran, Gloria Dickson, Gale Page, Allen Jenkins, Patric Knowles, and Janet Chapman. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on December 10, 1938. It is based on the novel with the same name, written by William Byron Mowery. It was Warner Brothers' fourth three-strip Technicolor feature-length film.

Patric Knowles
Patric Knowles (born Reginald Lawrence Knowles; 11 November 1911 – 23 December 1995) was an English film actor. Born in Horsforth, West Riding of Yorkshire, he later changed his name to reflect his Irish heritage.  He made his film debut in 1932, and played either first or second film leads throughout his career. He appeared in films from the 1930s to the 1970s.
2018 Yasar Dogu Tournament
The 46th Yasar Dogu Tournament 2018, was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between the 27 and 29 July 2018.

This international tournament includes competition in both men's and women's freestyle wrestling. This ranking tournament was held in honor of the two time Olympic Champion, Yaşar Doğu.

Wrestling champs square off in Istanbul tournament. Some 300 freestyle wrestlers from 25 countries descended on Istanbul on Friday for a three-day international tournament. The 46th edition of the Yaşar Doğu International Wrestling Tournament, named after the legendary Turkish wrestler, kicked off at Hasan Doğan Sports Hall.

2018 Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament
The 36th Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament 2018, was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between 20 and 22 July 2018.

This international tournament includes competition men's Greco-Roman wrestling. This ranking tournament was held in honor of the Olympic Champion, Hamit Kaplan and Turkish Wrestler and manager Vehbi Emre.