hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muḥammad ibn 'Abdallāh Hassan
Sayyid Moḥammad Abdallah Hassan Somali: Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan, 𐒑𐒖𐒄𐒖𐒑𐒗𐒆 𐒋𐒖𐒁𐒆𐒚𐒐𐒐𐒗 𐒄𐒖𐒈𐒖𐒒; 7 April 1856 – 21 December 1920) was a Somali scholar, poet, military leader and religious, cultural and political figure who founded and headed the Dervish movement, which led a holy war against British, Italian and Ethiopian colonial intrusions in the Somali Peninsula. He was pejoratively known by the British Empire as the "Mad Mullah." In 1917, the Ottoman Empire referred to him as the "Emir of the Somali People." Due to his successful completion of the Hajj to Mecca, his assertion of being the descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his complete memorization of the Quran, his name is preluded with honorifics such as Hajji, Hafiz, Emir, Sheikh, Mullah or Sayyid. His influence on the Somali people led him to being regarded the "Father of Somali nationalism."

Habar Yoonis
The Habar Yoonis (Arabic: هبر يونس, full Nasab:  Said ibn Al-Qādhī Ismā'īl ibn ash-Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad) alternatively spelled as Habr Yunis is a major clan part of the Garhajis . As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation which constitutes one of the largest sub-clans of the garhajis.
Taipei Basin
The Taipei Basin (traditional Chinese: 臺北盆地; simplified Chinese: 台北盆地; pinyin: Táiběi Péndì) is a geographic region in northern Taiwan. It is the largest basin in Taiwan. The basin is bounded by the Yangmingshan to the north, the Linkou Plateau to the west, and the Ridge of Xueshan Range to the southeast. The shape of the basin is close to a triangle. The three vertices are Nangang, Huilong of Xinzhuang, and Guandu of Beitou.

The main rivers in the Taipei Basin include the Tamsui, Keelung, Dahan and Xindian.

In the prehistoric era, the Taipei Basin was home to Ketagalan tribes. Han Chinese did not settle in the region until the 18th century. Today, Taipei Basin is within the boundaries of Taipei City and New Taipei City and is the largest metropolitan area in Taiwan.

Linkou Plateau
The Linkou Plateau (Chinese: 林口台地; pinyin: Línkǒu Táidì) is a plateau located along the southwest side of the Tamsui River, between Linkou District, New Taipei and Guishan District, Taoyuan, in northern Taiwan. It borders the Taipei Basin in the east, the Taoyuan Plateau in the southwest, the Taiwan Strait in the west, and the Tatun Volcanoes in the northeast. The Xinzhuang Fault (新莊斷層) and Shanjiao Fault (山腳斷層) run between the plateau and the Taipei Basin.
Middleport, New York
Middleport is a village in Niagara County, New York, United States. The population was 1,840 at the 2010 census. The mail ZIP code is 14105. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Village of Middleport lies on the eastern edge of Niagara County, mostly inside the boundaries of the Town of Royalton, but a small part is within the Town of Hartland. Middleport is a port on the Erie Canal.

Royalton, New York
Royalton is a town in Niagara County, New York, United States.  The population was 7,660 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Royalton  is in the southeast corner of the county and is east of the City of Niagara Falls.
Sarang Khan Gakhar
Sarang Khan Gakhar (Punjabi: سارنگ خان گکھڑ) was a 16th century Punjabi Muslim general and chief of the Gakhar clan in the northern Punjab region of modern day Pakistan. He became chief of his clan in 1520 after the death of Hathi Khan, and was confirmed on his position by the Mughal emperor Babur. He refused to recognise Suri usurpation of power from Humayun and died fighting against Sher Shah Suri at Rawat Fort in 1541 along with 16 of his sons.

Punjabi Muslims
Punjabi Muslims (Punjabi: پن٘جابی مُسلمان) are Punjabis who are adherents of Islam. With a population of more than 112 million, they are the third-largest predominantly Islam-adhering Muslim ethnicity in the world, after Arabs and Bengalis.

The majority of Punjabi Muslims are adherents of Sunni Islam, while a minority adhere to Shia Islam. Most of them are primarily geographically native to the Pakistani province of Punjab, but a large group of them have ancestry across the Punjab region as a whole. Punjabi Muslims speak or identify with the Punjabi language (under a Perso-Arabic script known as Shahmukhi) as their mother tongue.
Tama (cat)
Tama (Japanese: たま; April 29, 1999 – June 22, 2015) was a female calico cat who gained fame for being a railway station master and operating officer at Kishi Station on the Kishigawa Line in Kinokawa, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

Kinokawa, Wakayama
Kinokawa (紀の川市, Kinokawa-shi) is a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2021, the city had an estimated population of 60,592 in 26,652 households and a population density of 270 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 228.21 square kilometres (88.11 sq mi).
Merì
Merì is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Messina.

Merì borders the following municipalities: Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto, Milazzo, San Filippo del Mela, Santa Lucia del Mela.

San Filippo del Mela
San Filippo del Mela (Sicilian: San Filippu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Messina.

San Filippo del Mela borders the following municipalities: Merì, Milazzo, Pace del Mela, Santa Lucia del Mela.
10th (Service) Battalion, Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) (Battersea)
The 10th (Service) Battalion, Queens (Royal West Surrey Regiment) (Battersea) (10th Queen's) was an infantry unit recruited as part of 'Kitchener's Army' in World War I. It was raised in the summer of 1915 by the Mayor and Borough of Battersea in the suburbs of South London. It served on the Western Front from May 1916, taking part in the first tank action at Flers-Courcelette, then serving at Messines and Ypres. It was then sent to the Italian Front, before returning to France and defending against the German spring offensive. It next trained troops of the American Expeditionary Forces before taking part in the final advance to victory in Flanders. It served in the postwar Occupation of the Rhineland before being disbanded in 1920.

Northampton and Rutland Militia
The Northampton and Rutland Militia was an auxiliary unit formed in 1860 by the merger of the militia regiments of Northamptonshire and Rutlandshire in the East Midlands of England. The regiment trained regularly in peacetime and served during periods of international tension and major wars, relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties. It became a battalion of the Northamptonshire Regiment in 1881, serving in the Second Boer War and training thousands of officers and men during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence, it was finally disbanded in 1953.
Patsy Flaherty
Patrick Joseph Flaherty (June 29, 1876 – January 23, 1968), born in Mansfield (now Carnegie), Pennsylvania, was an American pitcher for the Louisville Colonels (1899), Pittsburgh Pirates (1900 and 1904–05), Chicago White Sox (1903–1904), Boston Doves (1907–08), Philadelphia Phillies (1910) and Boston Rustlers (1911), who specialized in his spitball.

He led the American League in hits allowed (338) and losses (25) in 1903. He led the National League in earned runs allowed (88) in 1908.

In 9 years Flaherty had a win–loss record of 67–84, 173 games, 150 games started, 125 complete games, 7 shutouts, 18 games finished, 2 saves, 1,302+2⁄3 innings pitched, 1,292 hits allowed, 616 runs allowed, 449 earned runs allowed, 25 home runs allowed, 331 walks allowed, 271 strikeouts, 56 hit batsmen, 25 wild pitches, 5,156 batters faced, 2 balks and a 3.10 ERA.

He died in Alexandria, Louisiana, at the age of 91 and is buried at Alexandria National Cemetery in Pineville, Louisiana.

Alexandria National Cemetery (Louisiana)
Alexandria National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Pineville, in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. It occupies approximately 8 acres (3.2 ha), and is site to over 10,000 interments as of the end of 2020.
Kitsumkaylum Indian Reserve No. 1
Kitsumkaylum is an Indian reserve under the governance of the Kitsumkalum First Nation of the Tsimshian people, located near the city of Terrace in the Skeena Country of northwestern British Columbia, Canada.

Kitsumkalum First Nation
Kitsumkalum First Nation is a band government of the Tsimshian people based at Kitsumkalum, British Columbia in the Skeena River valley in the North Coast region near Terrace, British Columbia, Canada.  They are a member government of the Tsimshian First Nations treaty council.
2017–18 FIBA Europe Cup
The 2017–18 FIBA Europe Cup was the third season of the FIBA Europe Cup, a European professional basketball competition for clubs that was launched by FIBA. The competition began on 20 September 2017, with the qualifying rounds, and concluded with the second leg of the final on 2 May 2018. Umana Reyer Venezia won its first European competition, after defeating Sidigas Scandone in the all-Italian Finals.

2018 FIBA Europe Cup Finals
The 2018 FIBA Europe Cup Finals was the concluding games of the 2017–18 FIBA Europe Cup season. The Finals were played in a two-legged format, with the first leg played on April 25 and the second one on 2 May 2018.

For the second consecutive time, two teams from the same country met in the final.
C. R. Subbaraman
Chintamani Ramasamy Subbaraman also known as C. S. Ram (1916–1952) was a famous South Indian film music composer and producer. He was born to Ramasamy at Chintamani village in Thirunelveli, in present-day Tamil Nadu. Music director Shankar of Shankar–Ganesh duo was his younger brother. His ancestors were from the Krishna district of present-day Andhra Pradesh and due to this, his family spoke Telugu well.

During his short lifespan of about 36 years and cinema life of 10 years, he made lasting fame with films like Devadasu, Ratnamala, Chenchu Lakshmi, Balaraju, Laila Majnu and others.

Shankar–Ganesh
Shankar–Ganesh is an Indian music director duo who has worked on Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, and Telugu movies for around 50 years. They also directed one movie Jagathalaprathapan in 1990. Despite Shankar's death, Ganesh continued using the name.
Machai Sar
Machai Sar (مچائی سر) is the highest peak of Torghar District, it has an elevation of 9,817 feet (2,992 m).

The district had formerly been known as "Kala Dhaka" or "Black Mountain", following on from the creation of the district of Torghar and a wave of militant activity the government of Pakistan had decided to build a police outpost on the peak. The police post is now one of the ten posts in the district of Toghar and covers an area of 4 kanals.

Machai Sar, which is also known as tourist spot, is prone to cold weather and natural hazards during winter months according to the Provincial Disaster Management Authority.

In January 2022 after snowfall of between 3-4 feet, Machai Sar was isolated as roads connecting it to surrounding areas were closed due to landslides, the Machaisar Road being 20km in length. The peak can be seen from the Agror Valley and other areas - during colonial rule Machai Sar marked the boundary where British rule did not extend.

Torghar District
Torghar District (Pashto: تور غر ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع تورغر) formerly known as Kala Dhaka (Hindko: کالا ڈهاکہ, English: Black Mountain) is a district in the Hazara Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It was officially separated from Mansehra District in 2011 under Article 246 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Primarily, Pashtuns dominate this area. The main Pashtun tribe of Torghar is Swati, which constitutes more than half of the district population.
Railbanking
Railbanking is the practice of preserving rail corridors for possible future use. Railbanking leaves the railroad, railbed, bridges or bridge corridor, and other infrastructure intact. This relieves the railroad's operator from the responsibility of maintenance, and from taxation. Existing rails may or may not be maintained intact on the railbed, depending on their condition or any planned interim use of the railbed. Often the rail corridor is put in custody of a state transportation agency, which then seeks a new operator for possible rehabilitation or reactivation. This helps ensure the possibility of future restored rail service when new economic conditions may warrant resuming operation.

Abandoned railway
An abandoned railroad is a railway line which is no longer used for that purpose.  Such lines may be disused railways, closed railways, former railway lines, or derelict railway lines.  Some have had all their track and sleepers removed, and others have material remaining from their former usage.

There are many hundreds of these throughout the world. Thousands of miles of railroads have been abandoned in the United States, much of it in the 40 years from 1965 to 2005. The right-of-way which has been established for such a line makes it useful for other transport, such as a rail trail. Other uses are possible. For example, in 1936, farmers in Aldrich, Missouri, found various uses for the land and materials of an abandoned railway. The abandoned railway stations on the line may be put to some other use too.
Battle of Miyajima
The 1555 Battle of Miyajima (厳島合戦, Itsukushima Kassen) was the only battle to be fought on the sacred island of Miyajima; the entire island is considered to be a Shinto shrine, and no birth or death is allowed on the island. Extensive purification rituals took place after the battle, to cleanse the shrine and the island of the pollution of death.

The Battle of Miyajima was the turning point in a campaign for control of the Ōuchi clan and  of Aki Province, a strategically important province for establishing control of western Honshu.  It was an important step for the Mōri clan in taking the foremost position in western Japan, and cemented the reputation of Mōri Motonari as a cunning strategist.

Aki Province
Aki Province (安芸国, Aki no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) or Geishū (芸州) was a province in the Chūgoku region of western Honshu, comprising the western part of what is today Hiroshima Prefecture.
Jugos del Valle
Jugos del Valle (Del Valle Juices) is a Mexican producer of fruit juices and beverages. Founded in 1947, today Jugos del Valle is one of the leading food, juice and beverage companies in Mexico producing popular brands such as Del Valle, Florida 7, Frutsi, Bebere, among others, also acting as a bottler for some Coca-Cola drinks such as Powerade, Energy Brands and Gladiator Energy Drink. Operations range from the US, to Brazil, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Chile, Argentina, Colombia, and most parts of Central America. Since 2007 is a wholly owned subsidiary of Coca-Cola FEMSA, the main Mexican bottler of Coca-Cola.

Coca-Cola FEMSA
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., known as Coca-Cola FEMSA or KOF, is a Mexican multinational beverage company headquartered in Mexico City, Mexico. It is a subsidiary of FEMSA which owns 47.8% of its stock, with 27.8% held by wholly owned subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company and the remaining 25% listed publicly on the Mexican Stock Exchange (since 1993) and the New York Stock Exchange (since 1998). It is the largest franchise Coca-Cola bottler in the world, the company has operations in Latin America, although its largest and most profitable market is in Mexico.
Thornicroft's giraffe
Thornicroft's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti), also known as the Rhodesian giraffe or Luangwa giraffe, is a subspecies of giraffe. It is sometimes considered a species in its own right (as Giraffa thornicrofti) or a subspecies of the Masai giraffe (as Giraffa tippelskirchi thornicrofti). It is geographically isolated, occurring only in Zambia's South Luangwa Valley. An estimated 550 live in the wild, with no captive populations. Its lifespan is 22 years for males and 28 years for females. The ecotype was originally named after Harry Scott Thornicroft, a commissioner in what was then North-Eastern Rhodesia and later Northern Rhodesia.

Masai giraffe
The Masai giraffe (Giraffa tippelskirchi), also spelled Maasai giraffe, and sometimes called the Kilimanjaro giraffe, is a species or subspecies of giraffe. It is native to East Africa. The Masai giraffe can be found in central and southern Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and the Luangwa Valley region of Zambia. It has distinctive jagged, irregular leaf-like blotches that extend from the hooves to its head. The Masai giraffe is currently the national animal of Tanzania.
H. L. Lawson & Son Warehouse
H. L. Lawson & Son Warehouse is a historic warehouse building located at Roanoke, Virginia.  It was built in 1925, and is a four-story, utilitarian brick building.  The banked site allowed for the unloading of freight from railcars directly into the third story of the warehouse.  It was built by Harry Leland Lawson, a key figure in Roanoke's business community from the
late 1910s to the 1940s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 2008. Since 2019, it has also been a contributing structure to the NRHP-listed Belmont Historic District.

Belmont Historic District (Roanoke, Virginia)
The Belmont Historic District is located in the southeast section of Roanoke, Virginia, US. It consists of an irregularly-shaped 214 acres (87 ha) of primarily residential housing located to the east of the city's downtown and south of the Roanoke Shops.

The district's history coincides largely with that of Roanoke City's industry. Its original housing served the employees of the recently arrived Norfolk and Western Railway beginning in 1888. Later development in the district was built to provide housing for workers at the American Viscose Plant after that mill opened in 1917. The district includes a wide range of architectural styles among its 809 contributing structures. Located within the district are three buildings previously listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and the district itself was listed to the Register in 2019.
Hampton High School (Arkansas)
Hampton High School is an accredited, comprehensive, public high school serving students in grades 9 through 12 in Hampton, Arkansas, United States. Administered by the Hampton School District as the sole public high school in Calhoun County, Arkansas, the district encompasses 479.67 square miles (1,242.3 km2) of land including Hampton and all or portions of Harrell, Tinsman, and Camden.

Hampton, Arkansas
Hampton is a town in Calhoun County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,181 according to the 2020 United States census. The town is the county seat of Calhoun County.

Hampton is part of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The Keel Row
"The Keel Row" (Roud 3059) is a traditional Tyneside folk song evoking the life and work of the keelmen of Newcastle upon Tyne. A closely related song was first published in a Scottish collection of the 1770s, but may be considerably older, and it is unclear whether the tune is Scottish or English in origin.

The opening lines of the song set it in Sandgate, that part of the quayside overlooking the River Tyne to the east of the city centre where the keelmen lived and which is still overlooked by the Keelmen's Hospital.

John Stokoe
John Stokoe was a 19th-century  Tyneside (and maybe South Shields) author and historian. He co-operated with the author John Collingwood Bruce in compiling the hugely important “Northumbrian Minstrelsy”  published in 1882.
Genetic hitchhiking
Genetic hitchhiking, also called genetic draft or the hitchhiking effect, is when an allele changes frequency not because it itself is under natural selection, but because it is near another gene that is undergoing a selective sweep and that is on the same DNA chain. When one gene goes through a selective sweep, any other nearby polymorphisms that are in linkage disequilibrium will tend to change their allele frequencies too. Selective sweeps happen when newly appeared (and hence still rare) mutations are advantageous and increase in frequency. Neutral or even slightly deleterious alleles that happen to be close by on the chromosome 'hitchhike' along with the sweep. In contrast, effects on a neutral locus due to linkage disequilibrium with newly appeared deleterious mutations are called background selection. Both genetic hitchhiking and background selection are stochastic (random) evolutionary forces, like genetic drift.

Selective sweep
In genetics, a selective sweep is the process through which a new beneficial mutation that increases its frequency and becomes fixed (i.e., reaches a frequency of 1) in the population leads to the reduction or elimination of genetic variation among nucleotide sequences that are near the mutation. In selective sweep, positive selection causes the new mutation to reach fixation so quickly that linked alleles can "hitchhike" and also become fixed.
C/2001 Q4 (NEAT)
C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) is a comet with an almost perpendicular retrograde orbit which brings it into the inner Solar System by a deeply southward path. It initially emerged from its remote home spending most of its time near the south celestial pole. This comet was discovered on August 24, 2001 by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking program (NEAT).

In 2004, residents of the southern hemisphere had the opportunity to watch the comet gradually brighten as it raced toward perihelion. On May 6, 2004 the comet approached within 0.32 AU of the Earth. Beginning in early May, the comet started racing north and burst into view in the northern hemisphere when it had reached almost maximum brightness.

With a near perihelion orbital eccentricity of 1.00069 (epoch 2004-May-18) that keeps a barycentric epoch 2014-Jan-01 eccentricity of 1.00067, this hyperbolic comet is going to be ejected from the Solar System.

Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking
Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) was a program run by NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, surveying the sky for near-Earth objects. NEAT was conducted from December 1995 until April 2007, at GEODSS on Hawaii (Haleakala-NEAT; 566), as well as at Palomar Observatory in California (Palomar-NEAT; 644). With the discovery of more than 40,000 minor planets, NEAT has been one of the most successful programs in this field, comparable to the Catalina Sky Survey, LONEOS and Mount Lemmon Survey.

NEAT was the successor to the Palomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey (PCAS).
Sharaf Regio
Sharaf Regio (formerly Ala Macula) is the smallest of the "Brass Knuckles", a series of equatorial dark regions on Pluto. It was initially informally named Ala Macula after Ala [àlà] "earth", the chthonic and most important deity of the Igbo people. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially approved the name Sharaf Regio after Shafika Gil’mievna Sharaf, a Soviet astronomer who developed an analytical theory for Pluto's motion.

Geography of Pluto
The geography of Pluto refers to the study and mapping of physical features across the dwarf planet Pluto. On 14 July 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft became the first spacecraft to fly by Pluto. During its brief flyby, New Horizons made detailed geographical measurements and observations of Pluto and its moons.