hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Central Park Five (opera)
The Central Park Five is a two-act American opera composed by Anthony Davis with libretto by Richard Wesley. It premiered on June 15, 2019, at the Long Beach Opera Company in California. The premiere was directed by Andreas Mitisek and conducted by Leslie Dunner. Davis was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music for the opera on May 4, 2020. An earlier, shorter version, titled Five, was premiered in Newark, New Jersey, in 2016 by the Trilogy Company. A staged concert production has been announced by New York City Opera; the date has not been set.

Pulitzer Prize for Music
The Pulitzer Prize for Music is one of seven Pulitzer Prizes awarded annually in Letters, Drama, and Music. It was first given in 1943. Joseph Pulitzer arranged for a music scholarship to be awarded each year, and this was eventually converted into a prize: "For a distinguished musical composition of significant dimension by an American that has had its first performance in the United States during the year."

Because of the requirement that the composition have its world premiere during the year of its award, the winning work had rarely been recorded and sometimes had received only one performance. In 2004, the terms were modified to read: "For a distinguished musical composition by an American that has had its first performance or recording in the United States during the year."
Trickster (Japanese TV series)
Trickster, full title known as Trickster: From Edogawa Ranpo's "The Boy Detectives Club" (Japanese: TRICKSTER -江戸川乱歩「少年探偵団」より-, Hepburn: Trickster: Edogawa Ranpo 'Shōnen Tantei-dan' Yori), is a 2016 Japanese anime television series produced by TMS Entertainment and Shin-Ei Animation. It is directed by Masahiro Mukai and written by Erika Yoshida, with original character designs by Peach-Pit, adapted character designs by Shinya Yamada and music by Yuki Hayashi. It began airing on October 4, 2016, on Tokyo MX and Yomiuri TV. A manga adaptation of the anime by Mantohihi Binta began its serialization on June 20, 2016. A prequel original video animation split into two parts, titled "Episode 00", was released on December 22, 2016.

The Fiend with Twenty Faces
"The Fiend with Twenty Faces" (Japanese: 怪人二十面相, Hepburn: Kaijin Nijū Mensō) is a fictional character who serves as a recurring antagonist for Kogoro Akechi in Edogawa Rampo's mystery fiction. A gentleman thief and master of disguise, he is considered Akechi's archenemy or most famous adversary.
Bajo Aragón (Vino de la Tierra)
Bajo Aragón is a Spanish geographical indication for Vino de la Tierra wines located in and near Lower Aragon, in the autonomous region of Aragon. Vino de la Tierra is one step below the mainstream Denominación de Origen indication on the Spanish wine quality ladder.

The area covered by this geographical indication comprises about 50 municipalities in the province of Teruel (Aragon, Spain) and about 25 in the province of Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain).

It acquired its Vino de la Tierra status in 2006.

Vino de la tierra
Vino de la tierra is a quality of Spanish wine that designates the rung below the mainstream quality wine classification of denominación de origen protegida (DOP). It is the equivalent of the French vin de pays. It represents a higher quality than table wine, and covers still wine, sparkling wine, and fortified wine. Since 2016 the classification is called indicación geográfica protegida (IGP), but wines can still use the traditional name of vino de la tierra. The labels of vino de la tierra wines are allowed to state the year of vintage and the grape varieties used in production.

In 2019 there were 42 registered vino de la tierra wines in Spain.
Jan Jesenský
Jan Jesenský (1870 in Prague – 1947 in Prague), professor (1911) of stomatology at Prague University.

He was the founder and head of the Prague Stomatology Clinic until the German occupation in 1939 and a member of the Bohemian Academy. He was a member of International Association for Dental Research (IADR), which he became Honorary Vice-President from 1933–1935, and co-founder of its Prague Section in 1932.  
He created the Dental Museum at the Charles University in Prague in 1906.

He worked with his nephew, Jan Jesenský Jr.

His daughter was the writer Milena Jesenská.

Milena Jesenská
Milena Jesenská (Czech: [ˈmɪlɛna ˈjɛsɛnskaː]; 10 August 1896 – 17 May 1944) was a Czech journalist, writer, editor and translator. She is noted for her correspondence with the author Franz Kafka and was one of the first to translate his work from the German language. After the Nazi invasion of Czechoslovakia, she joined a resistance movement to help Jews and other refugees. She died in Ravensbrück, a Nazi prison camp.
Dont Look Back
Dont Look Back is a 1967 American documentary film directed by D. A. Pennebaker that covers Bob Dylan's 1965 concert tour in England.

In 1998, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". In a 2014 Sight & Sound poll, film critics voted Dont Look Back the joint ninth best documentary film of all time.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
DRG Class 05
The DRG Class 05 was a class of three Deutsche Reichsbahn 4-6-4 steam locomotives (2′C2′ h3 in the UIC notation) used on express passenger trains in continental Europe. They were part of the DRG's standard locomotive (Einheitslokomotive) series.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".
John Ovens
John Ovens (1788 – 7 December 1825) was an Irish-born soldier, civil engineer and explorer of Australia. He was aide-de-camp to Sir Thomas Brisbane, governor of New South Wales and explored the Murrumbidgee River and Monaro (New South Wales) district with Capt. Mark Currie.

Mark John Currie
Vice-Admiral Mark John Currie played a significant role in the exploration of Australia and the foundation of the Swan River Colony, later named Western Australia.

He explored areas in New South Wales, after which he returned to a post in England.  In 1829 he married and left three weeks later for Australia on the 443-ton Parmelia with his wife and servants, arriving at the coast of what was to become the Swan River settlement on 31 May 1829. Chief among the other passengers were Lieutenant Governor Captain James Stirling, Colonial Secretary Peter Brown, Surveyor-General Lieutenant John Septimus Roe, botanist James Drummond and their families.

The diaries and paintings by his wife, Jane Eliza Currie, provide a glimpse into the hard life of the first settlers. Her painting Panorama of the Swan River Settlement shows Fremantle in 1831. From it one can begin to appreciate the magnitude of the challenge faced by the colonists.
North Shore & Western Line
The T1 North Shore & Western Line is a suburban rail service operated by Sydney Trains, serving the North Shore, parts of the Inner West and Western Suburbs of Sydney.

Since 2013 the line has been numbered T1 and is coloured orange on maps and wayfinding information.

Main Suburban railway line
The Main Suburban railway line is the technical name for the trunk railway line between Redfern railway station and Parramatta railway station in Sydney, Australia, but now generally refers to the section between Redfern and where the Old Main South Line branches off at Granville Junction. The railway line then continues on as the Main Western line towards the Blue Mountains. This term distinguished this trunk line from the Illawarra Line which branched south from the Illawarra Junction to Wollongong, and later the North Shore line which carried trains north over the Harbour Bridge.
Prime ideal
In algebra, a prime ideal is a subset of a ring that shares many important properties of a prime number in the ring of integers. The prime ideals for the integers are the sets that contain all the multiples of a given prime number, together with the zero ideal.

Primitive ideals are prime, and prime ideals are both primary and semiprime.

Quotient ring
In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a quotient ring, also known as factor ring, difference ring or residue class ring, is a construction quite similar to the quotient group in group theory and to the quotient space in linear algebra. It is a specific example of a quotient, as viewed from the general setting of universal algebra. Starting with a ring  and a two-sided ideal  in ⁠⁠, a new ring, the quotient ring ⁠⁠, is constructed, whose elements are the cosets of  in  subject to special  and  operations. Quotient ring notation almost always uses a fraction slash "⁠⁠"; stacking the ring over the ideal using a horizontal line as a separator is uncommon and generally avoided.

Quotient rings are distinct from the "quotient field", or field of fractions, of an integral domain as well as from the more general "rings of quotients" obtained by localization.
Catherine Carswell
Catherine Roxburgh Carswell (née Macfarlane; 27 March 1879 – 18 February 1946) was a Scottish author, biographer and journalist, now known as one of the few women to take part in the Scottish Renaissance. Her biography of the Scottish poet Robert Burns aroused controversy, but two earlier novels of hers, set in Edwardian Glasgow, were little noticed until their republication by the feminist publishing house Virago in 1987. Her work is now seen as integral to Scottish women's writing of the early 20th century.

Scottish Renaissance
The Scottish Renaissance (Scottish Gaelic: Ath-bheòthachadh na h-Alba; Scots: Scots Renaissance) was a mainly literary movement of the early to mid-20th century that can be seen as the Scottish version of modernism. It is sometimes referred to as the Scottish literary renaissance, although its influence went beyond literature into music, visual arts, and politics (among other fields). key figures, like Hugh MacDiarmid, Sorley MacLean and other writers and artists of the Scottish Renaissance displayed a profound interest in both modern philosophy and technology, as well as incorporating folk influences, and a strong concern for the fate of Scotland's declining languages.

It has been seen as a parallel to other movements elsewhere, including the Irish Literary Revival, the Harlem Renaissance (in the United States), the Bengal Renaissance (in Kolkata, India) and the Jindyworobak Movement (in Australia), which emphasised indigenous folk traditions.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council, 1872–1874
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council who served from 1872 to 1874 were appointed for life by the Governor on the advice of the Premier. This list includes members between the beginning of the 1872 colonial election on 13 February 1872 and the beginning of the 1874–75 colonial election on 8 December 1874. The President was Sir Terence Murray until his death on 22 June 1873 and then John Hay.

Terence Aubrey Murray
Sir Terence Aubrey Murray (10 May 1810 – 22 June 1873) was an Irish-Australian pastoralist, parliamentarian and knight of the realm. 
He had the double distinction of being, at separate times, both the Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and the President of the New South Wales Legislative Council. From 1837 to 1859 he owned the Yarralumla estate, which now serves as the official Canberra residence of the Governor-General of Australia.
Matsuoka Kofun Cluster
The Matsuoka Kofun Cluster (松岡古墳群, Matsuoka Kofun-gun) is a  group kofun burial mounds located in what is now part of the town of Eiheiji, Fukui in the Hokuriku region of Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1977 in the case of the Tegurigajoyama Kofun, the  largest of the group. Protection was extended to three additional tumuli in the group in July 2005.

Eiheiji, Fukui
Eiheiji (永平寺町, Eiheiji-chō) is a town located in Yoshida District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2025,  the town had an estimated population of 17,504 in 6,695 households and the population density of 185 persons per km2. The total area of the town was  94.43 square kilometres (36.46 sq mi). The town is named for the famous temple of Eihei-ji.
Covedale, Cincinnati
Covedale is a former village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The main area of the village was annexed by the city of Cincinnati and is now a neighborhood of about 15,000 people in the western part of the city.

Covedale, Ohio
Covedale is a census-designated place (CDP) in Green Township, Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,472 at the 2020 census. The CDP represents the part of the former village of Covedale that was not annexed by the city of Cincinnati in 1930.
Archibald George Campbell
Archibald George Campbell (1880–1954) was an Australian orchardist and amateur ornithologist. He was the son of Archibald James Campbell. With his father, he was a founding member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) and was President of the organisation 1934–1935. He was elected a Fellow of the RAOU in 1941. He was also a founding member of the Bird Observers Club in 1905.

Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union Fellows
The Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) may elect somebody to the position of fellow, the highest grade of membership, for service to the RAOU and to ornithology.  Fellows of the RAOU are entitled to use the letters FRAOU after their name.  There is a limit to the number of fellows at any time and new fellows are generally only elected when one dies.  In the following list those elected to the similar positions of corresponding member or corresponding fellow (CM) are included, although this does not appear to have occurred since the 1930s.
FC Olimpik Donetsk
FC Olimpik Donetsk (Ukrainian: «Олімпік» Донецьк [oˈl⁽ʲ⁾impiɡ doˈnɛtsʲk]) is a Ukrainian inactive football team based in Donetsk, Ukraine. The club currently doesn't play in any Ukrainian competition due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Since its promotion to Ukrainian Premier League in 2014, it played its games in Kyiv due to the war in Donbas. During the 2016–17 Ukrainian Premier League, there were attempts to move the club either to Sumy or Cherkasy, which were never realized.

On 21 June 2023 the 31st PFL Conference excluded several clubs that did not compete in the 2022–23 season and did not renew their membership.

Serhiy Bubka College of Olympic Reserve
Serhiy Bubka College of Olympic Reserve (Ukrainian: Донецьке вище училище олімпійського резерву імені Сергія Бубки , ДВУОР ім. С. Бубки; Russian: Донецкое училище олимпийского резерва им. Сергея Бубки) is a sports college in Donetsk.
6B7 helmet
6B7 is a ballistic helmet of the Russian Armed Forces. Being the first aramid helmet in the Russian army, it was fielded as a replacement of SSh-68 helmet. It was adopted in the year 2000 as part of Borit-M program.

Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops
The Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT, pronounced /ˈpæzɡət/ PAZ-gət) is a combat protective ensemble developed in the late 1970s by the United States. Introduced to frontline service in the early 1980s, the system consisted of a helmet and vest, both constructed primarily from Kevlar and was intended to deliver superior ballistic and fragmentation resistance compared to the steel M1 helmet and earlier nylon vests. PASGT was deployed extensively across major conflicts including the Invasion of Grenada and the Gulf War. While largely replaced in the early 2000s by the Interceptor Body Armor, and later by helmet systems like the Lightweight Helmet and Modular Integrated Communications Helmet, the PASGT helmet variant remains in limited service with the United States Navy.
1967 Davis Cup America Zone
The America Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1967 Davis Cup.

7 teams entered the America Zone: 4 teams competed in the North & Central America Zone, while 3 teams competed in the South America Zone. The winner of each sub-zone would play against each other to determine who moved to the Inter-Zonal Zone to compete against the winners of the Eastern Zone and Europe Zone.

The United States defeated Mexico in the North & Central America Zone final, and Ecuador defeated Argentina in the South America Zone final. In the Americas Inter-Zonal Final, Ecuador defeated the United States and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

1967 Davis Cup Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1967 Davis Cup.

32 teams entered the Europe Zone, competing across 2 sub-zones. The winners of each sub-zone went on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the America Zone and Eastern Zone.

Spain defeated the Soviet Union in the Zone A final, and South Africa defeated Brazil in the Zone B final, resulting in both Spain and South Africa progressing to the Inter-Zonal Zone.
Public folklore
Public folklore is the term for the work done by folklorists in public settings in the United States and Canada outside of universities and colleges, such as arts councils, museums, folklife festivals, radio stations, etc., as opposed to academic folklore, which is done within universities and colleges.  The term is short for "public sector folklore" and was first used by members of the American Folklore Society in the early 1970s.

Archie Green
Archie Green (June 29, 1917 – March 22, 2009) was an American folklorist specializing in laborlore (defined as the special folklore of workers) and American folk music. Devoted to understanding vernacular culture, he gathered and commented upon the speech, stories, songs, emblems, rituals, art, artifacts, memorials, and landmarks which constitute laborlore. He is credited with winning Congressional support for passage of the American Folklife Preservation Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-201), which established the American Folklife Center in the Library of Congress.
Hamlet
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, often shortened to Hamlet (/ˈhæmlɪt/), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play. Set in Denmark, the play depicts Prince Hamlet and his attempts to exact revenge against his uncle, Claudius, who has murdered Hamlet's father in order to seize his throne and marry Hamlet's mother.

Hamlet is considered among the "most powerful and influential tragedies in the English language", with a story capable of "seemingly endless retelling and adaptation by others". It is widely considered one of the greatest plays of all time. Three different early versions of the play are extant: the First Quarto (Q1, 1603); the Second Quarto (Q2, 1604); and the First Folio (F1, 1623). Each version includes lines and passages missing from the others. Many works have been pointed to as possible sources for Shakespeare's play, from ancient Greek tragedies to Elizabethan dramas.

Characters in Hamlet
What follows is an overview of the main characters in William Shakespeare's Hamlet, followed by a list and summary of the minor characters from the play. Three different early versions of the play survive: known as the First Quarto ("Q1"), Second Quarto ("Q2"), and First Folio ("F1"), each has lines—and even scenes—missing in the others, and some character names vary.
South Vietnamese military ranks and insignia
South Vietnamese military ranks and insignia was used by the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces, specifically the Army, Navy, Marines and Air Force. Originally based on French ranks, the ranks were changed in 1967 to resemble US ranks more closely.

Republic of Vietnam Military Forces
The Republic of Vietnam Military Forces (RVNMF; Vietnamese: Quân lực Việt Nam Cộng hòa – QLVNCH) were the armed forces of the Republic of Vietnam and were responsible for the defence of the country from 8 December 1950 to 30 April 1975. Its predecessor, the Vietnamese National Army, was the armed forces of the State of Vietnam (formed in 1949), before it became a republic in 1955. The Republic of Vietnam Military Forces day has been celebrated in June 19 every years since 1965.
Governor of Zaporizhzhia Oblast
The governor of Zaporizhzhia Oblast is the head of state administration for the Zaporizhzhia Oblast.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine, to serve a four-year term.

Due to the current Russo-Ukrainian war, since 24 February 2022, the governor of Zaporizhzhia Oblast is officially called Head of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Military Civil Administration. The official residence for the governor is located in Zaporizhzhia. As a result of the Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast and the subsequent disputed referendum, there are now competing Russian and Ukrainian governors.

Head of local state administration
In Ukraine, the title head of local (regional) state administration (Ukrainian: Голова місцевої державної адміністрації, romanized: Holova mistsevoi derzhavnoi administratsii, IPA: [ɦoloˈwɑ misˈtsɛwoji derˈʒɑu̯noji ɐd⁽ʲ⁾min⁽ʲ⁾iˈstrɑts⁽ʲ⁾iji]) refers to the chief executive of each of the administrative divisions of Ukraine: region (includes autonomous republic, oblasts), raion (district) or city, in case of Kyiv and Sevastopol.

Informally the position of the head of regional state administration or more commonly oblast state administration (for oblasts) is referred to as governor. However, its function is very different from a traditional gubernatorial position.

The heads of local state administrations are appointed and dismissed by the President of Ukraine on the submission of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for the term of office of the head of the state.
Czermak–Hering test
The Czermak–Hering test is a vagal maneuver consisting of the application of external digital pressure to the carotid sinus. The test is performed at the patient's bedside by imposing moderate pressure with the fingers, repeatedly massaging the left or the right carotid arteries.

Vagal maneuver
A vagal maneuver is an action used to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system by activating the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous system and helps regulate many critical aspects of human physiology, including heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, and digestion through the release of acetylcholine. Common maneuvers that activate the vagus nerve include the Valsalva maneuver and carotid sinus massage, which can serve diagnostic or therapeutic functions.