hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leo Marx
Leo Marx (November 15, 1919 – March 8, 2022) was an American historian, literary critic, and educator. He was Professor of the History and Philosophy of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is known for his works in the field of American studies. Marx studied the relationship between technology and culture in 19th and 20th century America.

The Machine in the Garden
The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America is a 1964 work of literary criticism written by Leo Marx and published by Oxford University Press.  The title of the book refers to a trope in American literature representing the interruption of pastoral scenery by technology due to the industrialization of America during the 19th and 20th century.  For example, the trope notably appears in Henry David Thoreau's Walden (1854) when the whistling sound of a steam locomotive disrupts the natural landscape of  Walden Pond.  Marx uses this literary metaphor to illustrate the relationship between culture and technology in the United States as depicted in the work of American authors such as Herman Melville, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry David Thoreau, Mark Twain, Frank Norris, Henry Adams, Henry James, and F. Scott Fitzgerald.
Lake Bindegolly National Park
Lake Bindegolly is a national park in Dynevor, Shire of Bulloo,  South West Queensland, Australia, 871 km west of Brisbane and 40 km from the town of Thargomindah.  It is in the Mulga Lands bioregion and was established to protect a population of the rare plant Acacia ammophila.  It has three lakes, two saline and one freshwater.

Thargomindah
Thargomindah /ˈθɑːrɡoʊmɪndə/ (frequently shortened to Thargo) is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Bulloo, Queensland, Australia. The town of Thargomindah is the administrative centre for the Shire of Bulloo. In the 2021 census, the locality of Thargomindah had a population of 243 people.

On 17 April 2020, the Queensland Government decided to reorganise the nine localities in the Shire of Bulloo, resulting in six localities. Thargomindah, previously being 43.0 square kilometres (16.6 sq mi) of the area immediately surrounding the town of Thargomindah, was enlarged through the incorporation of all of Bullawarra (except for a small portion in the south of Bullawarra which was absorbed into Bulloo Downs), all of Dynevor and all of Norley, creating a locality of 15,213 square kilometres (5,874 sq mi).
Oberried am Brienzersee railway station
Oberried am Brienzersee railway station is a Swiss railway station in the village and municipality of Oberried am Brienzersee and the canton of Bern. Oberried is a stop on the Brünig line, owned by the Zentralbahn, that operates between Interlaken and Lucerne.

Oberried am Brienzersee
Oberried am Brienzersee is a municipality and village in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Besides Oberried itself, the municipality includes the settlements of Dörfli and Ebligen.
Deniliquin Football Club
The Deniliquin Football & Netball Club, nicknamed the Rams, is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the town of Deniliquin located in the Riverina district of New South Wales.

The club's teams currently compete in the Murray FNL, which the Deniliquin football club joined in 1949.

Deniliquin
Deniliquin (/dəˈnɪlɪkwɪn/) is a town in the western Riverina region of south-western New South Wales, Australia, close to the border with Victoria. It is the largest town in the Edward River Council local government area.

Deniliquin is located at the intersection of the Riverina and Cobb Highway approximately 725 kilometres (450 mi) south west of the state capital, Sydney and 285 kilometres (177 mi) due north of Melbourne. The town is divided in two parts by the Edward River, an anabranch of the Murray River, with the main business district located on the south bank.

The town services a productive agricultural district with prominent dairy, rice, wool and timber industries. At the 2021 census, the population of Deniliquin was 6,431.
Finnish regional road 110
Finnish regional road 110 (Finnish: Seututie 110, Swedish: Regionalväg 110), or Turku Road (Finnish: Turuntie, Swedish: Åbosvägen), is the leading regional road from Helsinki to Turku. The road is a parallel to the former Highway 1 and the current Highway 1 (E18).

Regional road 110 actually starts at the Haaga roundabout. In it, it differs from regional road 120, or Vihdintie, which again starts at the northern end of Mannerheimintie. The road runs from Helsinki through Veikkola to Saukkola and Nummenkylä in Lohja and from there through Salo's Lahnajärvi and Kitula, Muurla and the center of Salo to Kupittaa in Turku. The alignment of the road partly follows the old king's road.

Finnish national road 1
The Finnish national road 1 (Finnish: Valtatie 1 or Finnish: Ykköstie; Swedish: Riksväg 1) is the main route between the major cities of Helsinki and Turku in southern Finland. It runs from Munkkiniemi in Helsinki to the VI District of Turku, and is part of the European route E18. The road is a motorway for its whole length.
Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Ernst, 7th Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (Ernst Wilhelm Friedrich Carl Maximilian, 7. Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg; 13 September 1863 – 11 December 1950) was a German aristocrat and Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. He served as the Regent of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha during the minority of his wife's cousin, Duke Charles Edward, from 1900 to 1905.

Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Hohenlohe-Langenburg (German pronunciation: [hoːənˌloːə ˈlaŋənbʊɐ̯k]) was a German county and later principality in the Holy Roman Empire. It was located around Langenburg in what is now northeastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Starting in medieval times and continuing until 1806, this small state was ruled by a branch of the House of Hohenlohe, first as lords, then as counts and ultimately as ruling princes of the Holy Roman Empire after 1764. The princely House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg still owns and lives in Langenburg Castle today.
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne station
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (also Saint-Jean de Maurienne–Vallée de l'Arvan) is a railway station located in Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, Savoie, France. The station was opened on 20 October 1856 and is located on the Culoz–Modane railway. The train station is operated by SNCF, with TGV inOui, Frecciarossa and regional TER rail services.

In the 2020s, it is rebuilt in the context of the construction of the Lyon-Turin high-speed railway, to make it an international station, since the tunnel at the base of Mount Ambin is just a few hundred meters further to the southeast.

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ də mɔʁjɛn] ⓘ; Arpitan: Sent-Jian-de-Môrièna or Sant-Jian-de-Môrièna; Italian: San Giovanni di Moriana) is a subprefecture of the Savoie department, in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (formerly Rhône-Alpes), in southeastern France.

It lies in the Maurienne, the valley of the river Arc. It was also an Episcopal See of Savoy during the Ancien Régime and again from 1825 to 1966. Its original name was simply Maurienne, or Moriana in Italian and Latin.
Attleboro station (Massachusetts)
Attleboro station is a commuter rail station on the MBTA's Providence/Stoughton Line located in Attleboro, Massachusetts. By a 2024 count, Attleboro had 1,220 daily riders, making it the third-busiest station on the system outside Boston.

Attleboro has had railroad service to its downtown area continuously since 1835. The two-story northbound and southbound station buildings, now private businesses, were built during a grade crossing elimination project in 1906-1908 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. MBTA trains stop at platforms located slightly south of the historic buildings.

Attleboro is an important transfer station for the Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authority, with bus platforms at the adjacent Attleboro Intermodal Transportation Center.

Attleboro, Massachusetts
Attleboro is a city in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. It was once known as "The Jewelry Capital of the World" for its many jewelry manufacturers. According to the 2020 census, Attleboro had a population of 46,461.

Attleboro is the fourth-largest municipality in Bristol County, behind New Bedford, Fall River, and Taunton. It became a city in 1914 after being a town for over 200 years. This town has been known for the ice cream trucks that come around every summer and it's ice cream, smoothie, pancake, and waffle competition hosted by the citysfolk on June 30th, 2021 everyone in the whole city and has been annual ever since LMAO I LOVE WHOEVER EDITED THIS YOU DA GOAT pls dont ever change these edits i am begging u
154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment
154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment serves as the official honor guard regiment of the Russian Armed Forces and serves as the main honor guard unit of the armed forces, stationed in Moscow. Aside from being the honor guard unit, it is also charged with duties assisting the Commander, Moscow Garrison, and to serve garrison and protection duties in the protection of the capital city and its military infrastructure. Its barracks is at Lefortovo District, Moscow, part of the South-Eastern Administrative Okrug.

Special Exemplary Military Band of the Guard of Honor Battalion of Russia
The Special Military Exemplary Band of the Honor Guard (Russian: Военный образцовый оркестр Почётного караула, ВООПК) is a special military unit that performs military music for the guard of honor of the Russian Armed Forces that greets foreign government delegations, as well as provide musical accompaniment for national events. It is a branch of the Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia. The band was created in the fall of 1956 by order of the Soviet Government, having performed in the welcoming ceremonies of hundreds heads of state and has played its music at many memorials in the country.

The band forms part of the 3rd Honor Guard Battalion, 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment.
Robert Redmond
Robert Spencer Redmond (10 September 1919 – 12 March 2006 ) was a British Conservative Party politician.

Redmond was Member of Parliament for Bolton West from 1970 to 1974.  In the second general election of that year, he lost the seat to future Labour minister Ann Taylor.

Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton
Winifred Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton, PC (born 2 July 1947) is a British politician and life peer who served in the Cabinet of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2001. A member of the Labour Party, she was Member of Parliament (MP) for Bolton West from 1974 to 1983, and Dewsbury from 1987 to 2005.
Émile Rey
Émile Rey (August 1846 — 24 August 1895) was an alpine mountain guide from Aosta Valley in Italy. Dubbed "the Prince of Guides" in Courmayeur, he was one of the most renowned guides at the end of the 19th century, making many first ascents on some of the highest and most difficult mountains in the Mont Blanc massif of the Alps. He has been described as "one of the greatest guides of his generation.": 125

Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey
The Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey (White Needle of Peuterey, 4,112 m) is a mountain of the Mont Blanc massif in Italy. It is considered the most difficult and serious of the alpine 4000-m mountains to climb.

There are three tops to the mountain:

Pointe  Güssfeldt (4,112 m)

Pointe Seymour King (4,107 m)

Pointe Jones (4,104 m)

The three tops are named after Paul Güssfeldt, Henry Seymour King and Humphrey Owen Jones.
Fort Benton High School
Fort Benton High School is a high school in Fort Benton, Montana.

The district serves students living in Fort Benton, Loma, and Carter, with total population nearing 2,000 people.  The sports teams are called the Fort Benton Longhorns.

Fort Benton, Montana
Fort Benton is a city in and the county seat of Chouteau County, Montana, United States.  Established in 1846, Fort Benton is the oldest continuously occupied settlement in Montana. Fort Benton was the most upstream navigable port on the Mississippi River System, and is considered "the world’s innermost port".

The city's waterfront area, the most important aspect of its 19th century growth, was designated the Fort Benton Historic District, a National Historic Landmark, in 1961.

The population was 1,449 at the 2020 census.
Savoia-Marchetti SM.82
The Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 Marsupiale is an Italian bomber and transport aircraft of World War II. It was a cantilever, mid-wing monoplane trimotor with a retractable, tailwheel undercarriage. There were 875 (plus one prototype) built, the first entering service in 1940. Although able to operate as a bomber with a maximum bombload of up to 8,818 lb (4000 kg), the SM.82 saw very limited use in this role. The SM.82 was the foreign aircraft used in largest number by the Luftwaffe, which operated several hundreds of this aircraft, as a transport.
Post-war about 30 SM.82s continued in service with the Aeronautica Militare Italiana, many remaining in service until the early 1960s.

L3/35
The L3/35, also known as the Carro Veloce CV-35, was an Italian tankette that saw combat before and during World War II. It was one of the smallest tanks that faced combat. Although designated a light tank by the Italian Army, its turretless configuration, weight and firepower make it closer to contemporary tankettes. It was the most numerous Italian armoured fighting vehicle and saw service almost everywhere the Italians fought in the Second World War but proved inadequate for modern warfare, having too thin armour and weak armament of only machine guns. It was cheaply produced but because of its light armaments and armour it was reserved for mostly colonial, policing, reconnaissance, and supply duties. Its low production costs contributed to its successful deployment in the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, Spanish Civil War and the Greco-Italian War, where it provided reliable support to Italian infantry and disrupted enemy lines.
Indigenous peoples of Brunei
The indigenous peoples of Brunei are Bruneian people who belong to the ethnic groups considered indigenous to the country. It is more commonly attributed to indigenous people of the Malay race belonging to the seven ethnic groups, namely: Brunei, Tutong, Belait, Dusun, Murut, Kedayan and Bisaya. The local term rakyat jati refers to citizens of indigenous descent, in particular the aforementioned seven ethnic groups. The term bumiputera has also been sometimes used to refer to the indigenous peoples.

Tutong people
The Tutong people are an ethnic group native to Brunei, mainly in Tutong District. They traditionally speak the Tutong language. They are officially recognised as one of the seven ethnic groups of the Bruneian Malay race (jati Melayu).
Marentino
Marentino is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Turin.

Marentino borders the following municipalities: Sciolze, Moncucco Torinese, Montaldo Torinese, Arignano, and Andezeno.

Moncucco Torinese
Moncucco Torinese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Asti.

It has a castle (14th century), housing a Museum of Chalk.

Moncucco Torinese borders the following municipalities: Albugnano, Arignano, Berzano di San Pietro, Castelnuovo Don Bosco, Cinzano, Marentino, Mombello di Torino, Moriondo Torinese, and Sciolze.
McGillin's Olde Ale House
McGillin's Olde Ale House is a tavern in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. McGillin's is the oldest continuously operating bar in Philadelphia and one of the oldest in the United States. It opened in 1860 - the year Lincoln was elected president. It is located on Drury Street, an alley connecting 13th Street and South Juniper Street, between Chestnut and Sansom streets, in Center City.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Hainstrasse
Hainstrasse is a street in the northwest of the central quarter inside the Inner City Ring Road of Leipzig, Germany. It begins in the northwest corner of the Markt and leads almost in a straight line with a slight swing to the left in a north-northwest direction without any intersections to Brühl and Richard-Wagner-Platz.

Richard-Wagner-Platz (Leipzig)
Richard-Wagner-Platz is a square in Leipzig in the northwest of Leipzig city centre within Leipzig's "ring road" on the northwest corner. The square is named after the composer Richard Wagner, whose house of birth was nearby.
Shire of Eltham
The Shire of Eltham was a local government area about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The shire covered an area of 277.13 square kilometres (107.0 sq mi), and existed from 1856 until 1994.

Kinglake, Victoria
Kinglake is a town in Victoria, Australia, 56 km (35 mi) north-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shires of Murrindindi and Nillumbik local government areas.

The town was one of the worst affected during the Black Saturday bushfires in 2009.
Mathias Bay-Smidt
Mathias Bay-Smidt (born 19 March 1996) is a Danish badminton player. In 2014, he won his first senior international title at the Finnish International tournament in the men's doubles event partnered with Frederik Søgaard. In 2016, he won the Czech International tournament in the mixed doubles event partnered with Alexandra Bøje after fight through the qualification round, with the eight matches played.

Alexandra Bøje
Alexandra Bøje (born 6 December 1999) is a Danish badminton player. She won her first senior international title at the 2016 Czech International in the mixed doubles event partnered with Mathias Bay-Smidt after fight through the qualification round, with the eight matches played. She was part of the national team that clinched the gold medals at the 2019 European Mixed Team and 2020 Women's Team Championships. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

In 2021, Alexandra Bøje and Mette Poulsen were both banned by Badminton Denmark for three months from all national and international tournaments due to their conduct during the finals of the 2021 Danish national championships.
Temporal bone
The temporal bone is a paired bone situated at the sides and base of the skull, lateral to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

The temporal bones are overlaid by the sides of the head known as the temples where four of the cranial bones fuse. Each temple is covered by a temporal muscle. The temporal bones house the structures of the ears. The lower seven cranial nerves and the major vessels to and from the brain traverse the temporal bone.

Zygomatic bone
In the human skull, the zygomatic bone (from Ancient Greek: ζῠγόν, romanized: zugón, lit. 'yoke'), also called cheekbone or malar bone, is a paired irregular bone, situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forming part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, of the temporal fossa and the infratemporal fossa. It presents a malar and a temporal surface; four processes (the frontosphenoidal, orbital, maxillary, and temporal), and four borders.
Cognitive dimensions of notations
Cognitive dimensions or cognitive dimensions of notations are design principles for notations, user interfaces and programming languages, described by researcher Thomas R.G. Green and further researched with Marian Petre.  The dimensions can be used to evaluate the usability of an existing information artifact, or as heuristics to guide the design of a new one, and are useful in Human-Computer Interaction design.

Cognitive dimensions are designed to provide a lightweight approach to analyse the quality of a design, rather than an in-depth, detailed description.  They provide a common vocabulary for discussing many factors in notation, UI or programming language design.  Also, cognitive dimensions help in exploring the space of possible designs through design maneuvers, changes intended to improve the design along one dimension.

Notation system
In linguistics and semiotics, a notation system is a system of graphics or symbols, characters and abbreviated expressions, used (for example) in artistic and scientific disciplines to represent technical facts and quantities by convention. Therefore, a notation is a collection of related symbols that are each given an arbitrary meaning, created to facilitate structured communication within a domain knowledge or field of study.

Standard notations refer to general agreements in the way things are written or denoted. The term is generally used in technical and scientific areas of study like mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology, but can also be seen in areas like business, economics and music.
Cowside
Cowside is a side dale of Littondale in North Yorkshire, England. The valley, which faces in a north east direction, carries the waters of Cowside Beck to the River Skirfare at Arncliffe, draining an area of 8.9 square miles (23 km2), and flowing for 7.5 miles (12 km). Cowside is one of the few 'V'-shaped valleys in the Yorkshire Dales (as opposed to a 'U'-shaped valley) which had ice run across the valley, but not down it. The only settlement in the valley is Darnbrook, a very small hamlet at the foot of Darnbrook Fell. Cowside is a common name in the Craven area of the Yorkshire Dales, and it is not to be confused with the Cowside in Upper Wharfedale near Buckden, nor the Cowside Beck near Stainforth.

Most of the valley is in the civil parish of Arncliffe, but the upper part of the valley, including the hamlet of Darnbrook, is in the civil parish of Malham Moor. Part of Cowside valley is within the protected area: Malham-Arncliffe SSSI.

Malham-Arncliffe
Malham-Arncliffe is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) within Yorkshire Dales National Park in North Yorkshire, England. This protected area extends from the village of Malham in the south to the village of Arncliffe in the north and includes Malham Tarn lake and Malham Tarn National Nature Reserve. In the east, this protected area includes the limestone pavement at Hawkswick Clowder and extends to the valley of the River Wharfe near the village of Kilnsey. Malham-Arncliffe SSSI includes Cowside valley and Gordale Scar. Malham-Arncliffe is protected for both its biological and geological interest.
Lanmaoa pseudosensibilis
Lanmaoa pseudosensibilis is a fungus of the family Boletaceae. First described officially in 1971 by mycologists Alexander H. Smith and Harry Delbert Thiers, it was transferred to the newly circumscribed genus Lanmaoa in 2015.

The yellowish to peachy cap is 4–15 centimetres (1+1⁄2–6 in) wide. The stem is 5–10 cm (2–4 in) tall and 1–2.5 cm (1⁄2–1 in). The flesh is yellow and can stain blue.

From July to September, it can be found in eastern North America under hardwood trees, mostly oak.

While edible, it is not recommended as it could be confused with toxic species.

Lanmaoa
Lanmaoa is a fungal genus in the family Boletaceae. It was circumscribed by Chinese mycologists Nian-Kai Zeng and Zhu L. Yang in 2015 to contain several species formerly classified in the genus Boletus (L. carminipes, L. flavorubra, L. pseudosensibilis), as well as the newly described Asian boletes L. angustispora and L. asiatica. The erection of this genus follows recent molecular studies that outlined a new phylogenetic framework for the family Boletaceae. Zeng and Yang named the genus after Chinese naturalist Lan Mao (1397-1476).