hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Analytic set
In the mathematical field of descriptive set theory,  a subset of a Polish space  is an analytic set if it is a continuous image of a Polish space. These sets were first defined by Luzin (1917) and his student Souslin (1917).

Descriptive set theory
In mathematical logic, descriptive set theory (DST) is the study of certain classes of "well-behaved" subsets of the real line and other Polish spaces. As well as being one of the primary areas of research in set theory, it has applications to other areas of mathematics such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, the study of operator algebras and group actions, and mathematical logic.
Cosmopolitan Club (New York City)
The Cosmopolitan Club is a private members' club on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Located at 122 East 66th Street, east of Park Avenue, it has been since its founding a women's club. Members have included Willa Cather, Ellen Glasgow, Eleanor Roosevelt, Jean Stafford, Helen Hayes, Pearl Buck, Marian Anderson, Margaret Mead, and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller.

The Cosmopolitan Club has EIN 13-0603250 under 501(c)(7) Social and Recreation Clubs; in 2024 it claimed total revenue of $11,434,225 and total assets of $28,352,899.

66th Street (Manhattan)
66th Street is a crosstown street in the New York City borough of Manhattan with portions on the Upper East Side and Upper West Side connected across Central Park via the 66th Street transverse. West 66th Street is notable for hosting the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts between Broadway and Columbus Avenue.
Alwyn Morris
Alwyn Morris, CM (born November 22, 1957) is a retired Canadian sprint kayaker. A member of the Mohawk nation in Kahnawake, he is considered one of the most influential Indigenous athletes of all time. He is the first and only Aboriginal Canadian athlete who won a gold medal at the Summer Olympic Games and one of the only three North American aboriginals to do so, alongside Jim Thorpe and Billy Mills.

Indspire Awards
The Indspire Awards, until 2012 the National Aboriginal Achievement Awards, are annual awards presented by Indspire in Canada.  The awards are intended to celebrate and encourage excellence in the Aboriginal community in Canada.
Ely Place, Dublin
Ely Place (/ˈiːlaɪ/ Irish: Plás Íle) is a street in central Dublin with Georgian architecture. It is a continuation of Upper Merrion Street and the place where Lower Baggot Street and Merrion Row meet. Both the latter and Hume Street link it to St Stephen's Green.

Hume Street, Dublin
Hume Street (/ˈhjuːm/; Irish: Sráid Hume) is a street in central Dublin located between Ely Place and St. Stephen's Green. It is named after Sir Gustavus Hume, 3rd Baronet (c.1670–1731) and his family.

Most of the south side of the street is taken up by the former City of Dublin Skin and Cancer Hospital, which was located in this street for over 100 years, until 2006. It was moved to St. Vincent's Hospital in 2006.

The geologist Richard Griffith was born in no. 8.
Brazilian comics
Brazilian comics (known in Brazilian Portuguese as HQs, gibis, revistinhas, historietas, quadrinhos or tirinhas) started in the 19th century, adopting a satirical style known as cartoon, charges or caricature that would later be cemented in the popular comic strips. The publication of magazines dedicated exclusively to comics, in Brazil, started at the beginning of the 20th century. Brazilian artists have worked with both styles. In the case of American comics some have achieved international fame, like Roger Cruz with X-Men and Mike Deodato with Thor, Wonder Woman and others.

Turma do Pererê
Turma do Pererê, or just Pererê, was a Brazilian comic book series created by writer and cartoonist Ziraldo in 1959. The series was originally launched in  single-panel cartoons originally published in the pages of magazine O Cruzeiro that through their popularity eventually earning his own comic book in 1960 then called only "Pererê", one of the first children's comic books series in Brazil. The comics tagged generation among many Brazilians, but were eventually canceled in 1964, only returning to be published in 1975 by Abril with the current title "Turma do Pererê" which was canceled the following year and shall have only republications in subsequent years, until 1980 when he dedicated to the comics of the Menino Maluquinho.

The stories showed the adventures of Saci Pererê (a character of Brazilian folklore) and his friends who live in the Brazilian interior forest known as Mata do Fundão.
Tupolev Tu-124
The Tupolev Tu-124 (NATO reporting name: Cookpot) is a 56-passenger short-range twin-jet airliner built in the Soviet Union. It was the Soviet Union's first operational airliner powered by turbofan engines.

China Aviation Museum
The China Aviation Museum (Chinese: 中国航空博物馆; pinyin: Zhōngguó Hángkōng Bówùguǎn) is an aviation museum located in Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the People's Liberation Army Air Force and co-sponsored by the Aviation Industry Corporation of China. The museum is a national first-class museum accredited by the National Cultural Heritage Administration.

The China Aviation Museum was first opened to the public on 11 November 1989, to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. Part of the museum is located inside a cave in the side of Datangshan Mountain. The cavern was originally part of the tunnels and underground bunker system of Shahezhen Airbase, and is 586 metres (1,923 feet) long by 11 metres (36 feet) high by 40 metres (130 feet) wide.
Non-analytic smooth function
In mathematics, smooth functions (also called infinitely differentiable functions) and analytic functions are two very important types of functions. One can easily prove that any analytic function of a real argument is smooth. The converse is not true, as demonstrated with the counterexample below.

One of the most important applications of smooth functions with compact support is the construction of so-called mollifiers, which are important in theories of generalized functions, such as Laurent Schwartz's theory of distributions.

The existence of smooth but non-analytic functions represents one of the main differences between differential geometry and analytic geometry. In terms of sheaf theory, this difference can be stated as follows: the sheaf of differentiable functions on a differentiable manifold is fine, in contrast with the analytic case.

The functions below are generally used to build up partitions of unity on differentiable manifolds.

Bump function
In mathematical analysis, a bump function (also called a test function) is a function  on a Euclidean space  which is both smooth (in the sense of having continuous derivatives of all orders) and compactly supported.  The set of all bump functions with domain  forms a vector space, denoted  or   The dual space of this space endowed with a suitable topology is the space of distributions.
Fruška Gora
Fruška gora (Serbian Cyrillic: Фрушка гора) is a mountain in Syrmia, with most of the mountain being part of Serbia and its westernmost edge extending into eastern Croatia. The Serbian part of the mountain forms the country's oldest national park. Sometimes also referred to as the Jewel of Serbia, due to its largely pristine landscape and protection effort, or the Serbian Mount Athos, being the home of a large number of historical Serbian Orthodox monasteries.

Sremski Karlovci
Sremski Karlovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Сремски Карловци, pronounced [srêːmskiː kâːrloːʋt͡si]) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the banks of the Danube, 8 kilometres (5 miles) from Novi Sad. According to the 2022 census results, it has a population of 7,872 inhabitants. The town has traditionally been known as the seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Habsburg Monarchy. It was the political and cultural capital of Serbian Vojvodina after the May Assembly and during the Revolution in 1848.
Microsoft Corp. v European Commission
Microsoft Corp. v Commission of the European Communities (2007; T-201/04) is a case brought by the European Commission of the European Union (EU) against Microsoft for abuse of its dominant position in the market (according to competition law). It started as a complaint from Sun Microsystems over Microsoft's licensing practices in 1993, and eventually resulted in the EU ordering Microsoft to divulge certain information about its server products and release a version of Microsoft Windows without Windows Media Player. The European Commission especially focused on the interoperability issue.

Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) (formerly Article 82 of the Treaty establishing the European Community) is aimed at preventing businesses in an industry from abusing their positions by colluding to fix prices or taking action to prevent new businesses from gaining a foothold in the industry. Its core role is the regulation of monopolies, which restrict competition in private industry and produce worse outcomes for consumers and society. It is the second key provision, after Article 101, in European Union (EU) competition law.
Ásbrú
63°58′3″N 22°34′44″W﻿ / ﻿63.96750°N 22.57889°W﻿ / 63.96750; -22.57889

Ásbrú (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈauːsˌpruː]) is a part of the former U.S. Naval Air Station Keflavik now supervised by the Icelandic defence authorities. After U.S. forces evacuated in 2006, a part of the base not needed for current military defence needs, was re-invented as a community of entrepreneurs, students and business. Ásbrú offers academic programs at Keilir, has the largest university campus in Iceland, one of the largest business incubators in Iceland, as well as many other projects such as Iceland’s first international Data center. Ásbrú is located within the municipality of Reykjanesbær.

Reykjanesbær
Reykjanesbær (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈreiːcaˌnɛsˌpaiːr̥] ⓘ) is a municipality on the Southern Peninsula (Suðurnes) in Iceland, though the name is also used by locals to refer to the suburban region of Keflavík and Njarðvík which have grown together over the years. The municipality is made up of the towns of Keflavík and Njarðvík and the village of Hafnir. The municipality was created in 1994 when the inhabitants of the three settlements voted to merge them into one. Reykjanesbær is the fourth largest municipality in Iceland, with 21.957 citizens (2024).
Solothurn railway station
Solothurn railway station (Alemannic German: Bahnhof Solothurn) serves the municipality of Solothurn, the capital city of the Canton of Solothurn, Switzerland. Solothurn is a major railway junction and is served by six railway lines.

Oberdorf SO railway station
Oberdorf SO railway station (German: Bahnhof Oberdorf SO) is a railway station in the municipality of Oberdorf, in the Swiss canton of Solothurn. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Solothurn–Moutier line of BLS AG and is served by local trains only. The station is adjacent to the valley station for a gondola lift to the Weissenstein.
Montagna in Valtellina
Montagna in Valtellina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 3 kilometres (2 mi) northeast of Sondrio.

Montagna in Valtellina borders the following municipalities: Caspoggio, Chiuro, Faedo Valtellino, Lanzada, Piateda, Poggiridenti, Ponte in Valtellina, Sondrio, Spriana, Torre di Santa Maria, Tresivio.

Tresivio
Tresivio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,000 and an area of 15.0 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Tresivio contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Acqua and Centro.

Tresivio borders the following municipalities: Montagna in Valtellina, Piateda, Poggiridenti, Ponte in Valtellina.

Tresivio hosts a Roman Catholic sanctuary dedicated to the Black Madonna whose relic is kept into the Temple. The sanctuary was built in the 17th century on the model of the Basilica della Santa Casa in Loreto.
Amb, India
Amb is a town in the Una district in Himachal Pradesh state, India. It is a sub-division and tehsil of Una district.

Vande Bharat Express connects New Delhi to this town via Amb Andaura Vande Bharat Express.

Himachal has 5 shakti peeths. Chintpurni Temple is located in Chintpurni village, about 20 kms north of Amb town.

Una district
Una district is a district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Una shares its border with the Hoshiarpur and Rupnagar districts of  Punjab and Kangra, Hamirpur, and Bilaspur districts of Himachal Pradesh. The terrain is generally plain with semi hills.

Una has five tehsils, namely Ghanari, Haroli, Amb, Bangana and Una itself. It was a tehsil of Hoshiarpur district until the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 and Kangra district until 1972, after which it became a district of Himachal Pradesh.
Mangrove blue flycatcher
The mangrove blue flycatcher (Cyornis rufigastra) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae.
It is native to Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Thailand.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical mangrove forests. Clements splits the Kalao blue flycatcher, Cyornis kalaoensis into a distinct species.  The IOC still lists it as a subspecies of the mangrove blue flycatcher.

Kalao blue flycatcher
The Kalao blue flycatcher (Cyornis kalaoensis) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae that is endemic to the island of Kalao, Selayar Islands, South Sulawesi. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.

This flycatcher was formerly considered as a subspecies of the mangrove blue flycatcher (Cyornis rufigastra) but is now treated as a separate species based on its distinctive vocalization and plumage.
Maria Valtorta
Maria Valtorta (14 March 1897 – 12 October 1961) was a Catholic Italian writer. She was a Franciscan tertiary and a lay member of the Servants of Mary who reported personal conversations with, and dictations from, Jesus Christ. She lived much of her life bedridden in Viareggio in Tuscany.

She is best known for her 5,000 page book The Poem of the Man-God, first published in 1956 and later titled The Gospel as Revealed to Me. The book was mostly written from 1944-1947 and was later translated into many languages. The book was placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum in 1959. In 2025, the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith stated that her writings do not have a supernatural origin.

Various Biblical experts, historians, and scientists continue to support and criticize the book to this day.

Visions of Jesus and Mary
A number of people have claimed to have had visions of Jesus Christ and personal conversations with him. Some people make similar claims regarding his mother, Mary. Discussions about the authenticity of these visions have often invited controversy. The Catholic Church endorses a fraction of these claims, and various visionaries it accepts have achieved beatification, or even sainthood.

The first reported visions of Christ, and personal conversations with him, after his resurrection and prior to his ascension are found in the New Testament. One of the most widely recalled resurrection appearances of Jesus is the doubting Thomas conversation (John 20:24–29) between Jesus and Thomas the Apostle after his death.
Vincent Lingiari
Vincent Lingiari AM (/lɪŋdʒɪjɑːri/; 13 June 1908 or 1919 – 21 January 1988) was an Australian Aboriginal rights activist of the Gurindji people. In his early life he started as a stockman at Wave Hill Station, where the Aboriginal workers were given beef, bread, and tobacco as their wages of $6. After the owners of the station refused to improve pay and working conditions at the cattle station and hand back some of Gurindji land, Lingiari was elected and became the leader of the workers in August 1966. He led his people in the Wave Hill walk-off, also known as the Gurindji strike.

On 7 June 1976, Lingiari was named a Member of the Order of Australia for his services to the Aboriginal people. The story of Lingiari is celebrated in the Paul Kelly and Kev Carmody song "From Little Things Big Things Grow".

Stockman (Australia)
In Australia and New Caledonia, a stockman (plural stockmen) is a person who looks after the livestock on a station, traditionally on horse. It has a similar meaning to "cowboy". A stockman may also be employed at an abattoir, feedlot, on a livestock export ship, or with a stock and station agency.
Vladivostok constituency
The Vladivostok constituency (No.62) is a Russian legislative constituency in Primorsky Krai. The constituency covers central Vladivostok and western Primorsky Krai.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Aleksandr Shcherbakov, a maritime businessman, who won the open seat succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Sergey Sopchuk.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Keriya Town
Keriya Town or Mugala Town is a town in Yutian (Keriya) County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, China, on the old Southern Silk Road. As the commercial and administrative centre of Keriya County, it is about 166 km east of Hotan, 80 km east of Qira, and 120 km west of Niya. Yutian County has a population of about 160,000.

Yutian County, Xinjiang
Yutian County (Chinese: 于田县), also transliterated from Uyghur as Keriya County (Uyghur: كېرىيە ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 克里雅县), is a county in Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. It is based at the Keriya Town, and is separate from Hotan County, which is another county in the same prefecture. The Yutian County has an area of 39,023 km2 (15,067 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 220,000. The county is bounded on the north by Aksu Prefecture, on the east by Minfeng/Niya County, on the west by Qira County and on the south by the Rutog and Gertse counties of the Tibet Autonomous Region.
Live-ball era
The live-ball era, also referred to as the lively ball era, is the period in Major League Baseball since 1920. It contrasts with the pre-1920 period known as the "dead-ball era". The name "live-ball era" comes from the dramatic rise in offensive statistics, a direct result of a series of rule changes (introduced in 1920) that were colloquially said to have made the ball more "lively". Upon entering the live-ball era, baseball regained relevance and exploded in popularity.

Spitball
A spitball is a now-illegal baseball pitch in which the ball has been altered by the application of a foreign substance such as saliva or petroleum jelly. This technique alters the wind resistance and weight on one side of the ball, causing it to move in an atypical manner. It may also cause the ball to "slip" out of the pitcher's fingers without the usual spin that accompanies a pitch. In this sense, a spitball can be thought of as a fastball with knuckleball action. Alternative names for the spitball are spitter, mud ball, shine ball, supersinker, or vaseline ball (because originally, Vaseline was used to give the ball a little more break). A spitball technically differs from an emery ball, in which the surface of the ball is cut or abraded. Saliva or Vaseline smooths the baseball, while the emery paper roughens it. The general term for altering the ball in any way is doctoring.
Point of service plan
A point of service plan is a type of managed care health insurance plan in the United States. It combines characteristics of the health maintenance organization (HMO) and the preferred provider organization (PPO).

The POS is based on a managed care foundation—lower medical costs in exchange for more limited choice. But POS health insurance does differ from other managed care plans.

Enrollees in a POS plan are required to choose a primary care physician (PCP) from within the health care network; this PCP becomes their "point of service". The PCP may make referrals outside the network, but with lesser compensation offered by the patient's health insurance company. For medical visits within the health care network, paperwork is usually completed for the patient. If the patient chooses to go outside the network, it is the patient's responsibility to fill out forms, send bills in for payment, and keep an accurate account of health care receipts.

Health maintenance organization
In the United States, a health maintenance organization (HMO) is a medical insurance group that provides health services for a fixed annual fee. It is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance, self-funded health care benefit plans, individuals, and other entities, acting as a liaison with health care providers (hospitals, doctors, etc.) on a prepaid basis. The US Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 required employers with 25 or more employees to offer federally certified HMO options if the employer offers traditional healthcare options. Unlike traditional indemnity insurance, an HMO covers care rendered by those doctors and other professionals who have agreed by contract to treat patients in accordance with the HMO's guidelines and restrictions in exchange for a steady stream of customers. HMOs cover emergency care regardless of the health care provider's contracted status.
Sendai Station (Miyagi)
Sendai Station (仙台駅, Sendai-eki) is a major junction railway station in Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. It is a stop for all Akita, Hokkaido, and Tohoku Shinkansen trains, the eastern terminus for the Senzan Line, and major stop on both the Tohoku Main Line and Senseki Line. It is located on the border between Miyagino and Aoba Wards in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture.

Sendai Airport Line
The Sendai Airport Line, or Sendai Airport Access Line (仙台空港アクセス線, Sendai Kūkō akusesu sen) is a Japanese airport rail link service operated by third-sector railway operator Sendai Airport Transit Co., Ltd. (SAT) connecting Sendai Airport Station to Natori Station.  Rail service began on March 18, 2007.
Samphire
Samphire is a name given to a number of succulent salt-tolerant plants (halophytes) that tend to be associated with water bodies.

Rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum) is a coastal species with white flowers that grows in Ireland, the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man. This is probably the species mentioned by Shakespeare in King Lear.

Golden samphire (Limbarda crithmoides) is a coastal species with yellow flowers that grows across Eurasia.

Several species in the genus Salicornia, known as "marsh samphire" in Britain.

Blutaparon vermiculare, Central America, southeastern North America

Tecticornia, Australia

Sarcocornia, cosmopolitan

Following the construction of the Channel Tunnel, the nature reserve created on new land near Folkestone made from excavated rock was named "Samphire Hoe", a name coined by Mrs Gillian Janaway.

Tecticornia
Tecticornia is a genus of succulent, salt tolerant plants largely endemic to Australia. Taxa in the genus are commonly referred to as samphires. In 2007, the genus Halosarcia, along with three other Australian genera (Pachycornia, Sclerostegia and Tegicornia) was incorporated into the genus.