hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445
The Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445 was a civil war in which two noble factions fought for power in the Crown of Castile. On one side was Constable Álvaro de Luna, King John II of Castile, and Henry Prince of Asturias. On the other side was the noble League led by Infantes of Aragon John and Henry, sons of Ferdinand of Antequera, who was the regent of Castile during the minority of John II. Although the Infantes of Aragon faction won in 1441, imposing their conditions in the Medina del Campo ruling, the final victory went to the royalist faction and the Constable, who won the decisive battle of Olmedo. According to historian Carme Batlle, Álvaro de Luna is primarily responsible for the war. Following his victory over the Infantes of Aragon during the truces of Majano, Luna's "authoritarian excesses" escalated and led to a civil war. Although Batlle places the war's start in 1439.

Henry, Duke of Villena
Infante Henry of Aragon (1400 – 15 June 1445), Duke of Villena, 3rd Count of Alburquerque, Count of Ampurias, and Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, was the third son of King Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque, and a member of the House of Trastamara. His brothers were King Alfonso V of Aragon and King John II of Navarre (not to be confused with John II of Castile).
William Blattner
William A. Blattner is an American virologist and physician known for his pioneering studies on the epidemiology of human retroviruses. He is a professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, where he co-founded the Institute of Human Virology (IHV) with Robert Gallo and Robert R. Redfield in 1996. He subsequently helped found the Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria, which has screened over 1 million Nigerians for HIV/AIDS. He retired from his position as associate director of the IHV and director of its Division of Epidemiology and Prevention on January 31, 2016. He is also the founding editor-in-chief of the Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, and serves as its co-editor-in-chief along with Paul A. Volberding.

Robert R. Redfield
Robert Ray Redfield Jr. (born July 10, 1951) is an American virologist who served as the 18th Director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from 2018 to 2021.
Jack Sugden
John Jacob "Jack" Sugden is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale. The character was originally played by Andrew Burt from 1972 to 1973 with a brief return in 1976, when the actor left for Italy to write a book. On the character's return in 1980 he was played by Clive Hornby. Hornby remained in the role until 2008 when he was forced to take a break from Emmerdale due to illness. His last on-screen appearance was on 21 February 2008, and his absence was explained by the character visiting his mother, Annie Sugden (Sheila Mercier) in Spain. Although Hornby was intended to return, he died from his illness in July 2008 without returning to the programme. Jack was written out following Hornby's death, dying off-screen of a heart attack in February 2009.

Clive Hornby
Clive William Hornby (20 October 1944 – 3 July 2008) was an English actor, best known for his role as Jack Sugden in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale. He first appeared in the programme (then named Emmerdale Farm) in 1980, and remained in the role for 28 years.
Elijah (Lorenzetto)
The statue of Elijah is a marble statue by the Italian Renaissance sculptor Lorenzetto in the niche to the right of the entrance in the Chigi Chapel, the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome. The sculptor followed the original designs of his mentor, Raphael, who was the architect of the chapel. The statue was finished by his pupil, Raffaello da Montelupo.

Raffaello da Montelupo
Raffaello da Montelupo (born Raffaele Sinibaldi; c. 1504/1505 – c. 1566/1567) was a sculptor and architect of the Italian Renaissance, and an apprentice of Michelangelo.  He was the son of another Italian sculptor, Baccio da Montelupo.  Both father and son are profiled in  Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects.
County Route 536 (New Jersey)
County Route 536 (CR 536) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 39 miles (63 km) from the Commodore Barry Bridge crossing the Delaware River at Chester at the Pennsylvania state line and Logan Township, to U.S. Route 206 (US 206) in Hammonton. Much of the western portion of the route is concurrent with US 322 though it is unsigned along this portion.

Logan Township, New Jersey
Logan Township is a township in Gloucester County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 6,000, a decrease of 42 (−0.7%) from the 2010 census count of 6,042, which in turn reflected an increase of 10 (+0.2%) from the 6,032 counted in the 2000 census.

Logan Township was formed as West Woolwich Township by the New Jersey Legislature on March 7, 1877, from portions of Woolwich Township. That name lasted just less than a year, as the name was changed to Logan Township as of March 6, 1878. The community is named for John Alexander "Black Jack" Logan, a Union Army general who was behind the establishment of Memorial Day as a national holiday.
Washington Glass School
The Washington Glass School was founded in 2001 by Washington, DC area artists Tim Tate and Erwin Timmers.

The school teaches classes on how to make kiln cast, fused, and cold worked glass sculptures and art. It is the second largest warm glass school in the United States.

Erwin Timmers
Erwin Timmers (born 1964) is a Dutch-born American artist and the co-founder of the Washington Glass School in the Greater Washington, D.C. capital area. Timmers has been recognized as one of the early "green or environmental artists", working mostly with recycled glass.

He was named the Montgomery County, MD Executive's Award Outstanding Artist of the Year in 2018, one of the awards in the 17th annual County Executive's Awards for Excellence in the Arts and Humanities. Timmers' sculptural works in sustainable design have been widely exhibited in many galleries and are part of many public collections, including many public artworks around the Greater Washington, D.C. capital region.
1974–75 Mersin İdmanyurdu season
Mersin İdmanyurdu (also Mersin İdman Yurdu, Mersin İY, or MİY) Sports Club; located in Mersin, east Mediterranean coast of Turkey in 1974–75. Mersin İdmanyurdu had relegated from Turkish First Football League in 1973–74 season. It was the first relegation of the team after 7 season first league experience. The 1974–75 season was the fifth season of Mersin İdmanyurdu (MİY) football team in Turkish Second Football League, the second level division in Turkey. They finished 3rd in the red group.

Mersin Talim Yurdu
Mersin İdman Yurdu was a Turkish sports club from Mersin, Turkey in the eastern Mediterranean Region. The team played in the Turkish first division for 15 seasons, and after the 1983–84 season the football team played in the Turkish second and third divisions. The team was promoted to the Turkish second level division after the 2008–09 season. MİY became the champions of the Turkish second division during the 2010–11 season and earned promotion to the Turkish Süper Lig during the 2011–12 season. Tevfik Sırrı Gür Stadium was the previous ground of the team with a capacity of 10,125. In 2013, their new 25,534 person capacity stadium, Mersin Arena, was inaugurated on 23 March 2013 with a TFF First League match against Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyespor. Their main rivals were Adana Demirspor, Adanaspor and Tarsus İdman Yurdu, and were friendly with Bucaspor.
The Making of the Mob: New York
The Making of the Mob: New York is an American television miniseries, and the first season of The Making of the Mob. It follows notorious New York gangster Lucky Luciano and his rise in the New York City crime mob, alongside Meyer Lansky, Frank Costello, Bugsy Siegel, and Vito Genovese. It is produced by Stephen David and aired from June 15 to August 3, 2015, on AMC in eight parts.

A ratings success, the series led to a renewal by AMC for a second season, subtitled Chicago, which documents the emergence of organized crime in the American Midwest through the rise and fall of the iconic gangster Al Capone.

Frank Costello
Frank Costello (Italian: [koˈstɛllo]; born Francesco Castiglia [franˈtʃesko kaˈstiʎʎa]; January 26, 1891 – February 18, 1973) was an Italian-American crime boss of the Luciano crime family.

Born in Italy, he moved with his family to the United States as a child. As a youth he joined New York City gangs. Working with Charlie "Lucky" Luciano, Costello was involved in bootlegging operations during Prohibition. In 1929 they joined the National Crime Syndicate. From 1937, Costello was acting boss of the Luciano crime family. In the 1950s, he spent several years in prison for tax evasion. Costello retired in 1957 after he had survived an assassination attempt ordered by Vito Genovese.
The Five Accursed Gentlemen
The Five Accursed Gentlemen (German: Die fünf verfluchten Gentlemen) is a 1932 French mystery drama film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Anton Walbrook, Camilla Horn and Jack Trevor. It was made as the German-language version of Moon Over Morocco.

Moon Over Morocco (film)
Moon Over Morocco (French: Les cinq gentlemen maudits) is a 1931 French mystery film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Harry Baur, René Lefèvre and Rosine Deréan. A separate German-language film The Five Accursed Gentlemen was also produced.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Lazare Meerson.
Washington and Gateshead South
Washington and Gateshead South is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Created as a result of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election and is currently held by Sharon Hodgson of the Labour Party. Hodgson was MP for the predecessor seats of Washington and Sunderland West from 2010 to 2024 and Gateshead East and Washington West from 2005 to 2010.

Washington and Sunderland West
Washington and Sunderland West was a constituency in Tyne and Wear represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since its 2010 creation until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Sharon Hodgson, a member of the Labour Party.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Subject to moderate boundary changes - including losing the St Anne's ward to Houghton and Sunderland South, and gaining the Borough of Gateshead wards of Birtley and Lamesley from the (abolished) constituency of Blaydon - it was reformed as Washington and Gateshead South.
Caerwent (1799 ship)
Caerwent was built at Rotherhithe and launched in 1799. She was a West Indiaman that the French captured in 1803 and the British Royal Navy recaptured shortly thereafter. She made one voyage as a whaler, but then returned to the West Indies trade. She was lost at Jackmel, Hayti, in May 1810.

Cambridge (1803 ship)
Cambridge was launched in 1803, at Howdon, Newcastle upon Tyne. She made one or two voyages as whaler and then became a West Indiaman, and later traded across the Atlantic and with the Baltic. In 1814, she repelled an attack by a privateer in a single-ship action. She was sunk in May 1841, while returning to Newcastle from Russia.
Frederick A. Cina
Frederick Anthony Cina (February 19, 1908 – October 31, 1984) was an American lawyer and politician.

Cina was born in Aurora, St. Louis County, Minnesota. He graduated from Aurora High School in Aurora, Minnesota and received his law degree from University of Minnesota Law School in 1930. Cina served in the United States Navy during World War II. He lived in Aurora, Minnesota with his wife and family and practiced law in Aurora and Virginia, Minnesota. In 1942, Cina ran for election to the Minnesota Senate and lost the election. Cina served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1947 to 1968 and was a Democrat. Cina served on the University of Minnesota Board of Regents from 1969 to 1975. He died at White Community Hospital in Aurora, Minnesota.

Aurora, Minnesota
Aurora is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,678 at the 2020 census.

Saint Louis County Highways 100 and 110 and Minnesota State Highway 135 are three of the main routes in Aurora.
Lom Municipality (Norway)
Lom is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Fossbergom. Another village area in Lom is Elvesæter.

The 1,969-square-kilometre (760 sq mi) municipality is the 38th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Lom Municipality is the 271st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,215. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Lom Municipality is famous for its extensive history. Lom Stave Church, one of the few remaining stave churches in Norway, is located here. It's also notable for being located in the midst of several of the highest mountains in Northern Europe.

Skjåk Municipality
Skjåk is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bismo. Most of the municipal residents live in the Billingsdalen and Ottadalen valleys along the river Otta. The local newspaper is named Fjuken.

The 2,075.5-square-kilometre (801.4 sq mi) municipality is the 33rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Skjåk Municipality is the 273rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,179. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.

Television in Quebec
Television in Quebec is a part of the culture of Quebec, with over 99% of households owning a television in Quebec. Long a preferred medium of many of Quebec's actors, artists, and writers, television has been one of the important forces in Quebec society, including its substantial influence in a series of dramatic changes in the 1960s: the Quiet Revolution.
Ratnagiri Superfast Express
Ratnagiri Superfast Express is a Superfast Express train of the Indian Railways connecting Lokmanya Tilak Terminus in Maharashtra and Gorakhpur Junction of Uttar Pradesh. It is currently being operated with 12165/12166 train numbers on a three-day-a-week basis.

Lokmanya Tilak Terminus
Lokmanya Tilak Terminus (also known by its former name Kurla Terminus, station code: LTT) is a railhead and a major railway terminus in the Kurla suburb of Mumbai, India. LTT is managed by the Central Railway. The Kurla and Tilak Nagar suburban railway stations are located nearby. It is one of the five railway terminals within Mumbai, the others being Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Dadar (Central) on the Central line, and Mumbai Central, Dadar (Western) and Bandra Terminus on the Western line.
Night of the Quarter Moon
Night of the Quarter Moon is a 1959 American drama film directed by Hugo Haas and written by Franklin Coen and Frank Davis. The film stars Julie London, John Drew Barrymore, Anna Kashfi, Dean Jones, Agnes Moorehead and Nat King Cole. The film was released on March 4, 1959, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.  It was later re-released as The Color of Her Skin.

John Drew Barrymore
John Drew Barrymore (born John Blyth Barrymore Jr.; June 4, 1932 – November 29, 2004) was an American film actor and member of the Barrymore family of actors, which included his father, John Barrymore, and his father's siblings, Lionel and Ethel. He was the father of four children, including the actor John Blyth Barrymore III and the actress Drew Barrymore. Diana Barrymore was his half-sister from his father's second marriage.
1948 Sabena Douglas C-47 crash
The 1948 Sabena Douglas C-47 crash was an aviation accident that occurred on 31 August 1948 (1948-08-31), near Kimbwe, in the Belgian Congo. The aircraft, a Douglas C-47A-10-DK registered as OO-CBL, was operated by the Belgian airline Sabena. It was en route from Manono to Élizabethville (now Lubumbashi), when it suddenly went out of control during its approach to the airport and crashed during the emergency landing. All 13 people on board, including three crew members, were killed. The exact cause of the crash remains undetermined despite favorable weather conditions at the time.

It was one of three fatal crashes that Sabena experienced in 1948, along with the Heathrow disaster on March 2, and the Sabena Douglas DC-4 crash on May 12.

Sabena
The Société anonyme belge d'Exploitation de la Navigation aérienne (French; lit. 'Belgian Corporation for the Exploitation of Aerial Navigation'), better known by the acronym Sabena or SABENA, was the national airline and flag carrier of Belgium from 1923 to 2001, with its base at Brussels Airport. After its bankruptcy in 2001, SN Brussels Airlines was formed through a takeover of former subsidiary Delta Air Transport and took over part of Sabena's assets in February 2002. SN Brussels Airlines merged with Virgin Express in 2007 to form Brussels Airlines. The airline's corporate headquarters were located in the Sabena House on the grounds of Brussels Airport in Zaventem.
Thomas Wallis (rugby union)
Thomas Gill Wallis (2 October 1898 — 31 October 2000) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Rathdown, Co. Dublin, Wallis was a son of noted horse breeder C. T. Wallis and a brother of tennis player Hilda Wallis, who competed at Wimbledon. His uncles Arthur and William Wallis were both Ireland rugby internationals.

Wallis, a three-quarter, played for Dublin club Wanderers and was capped five times for Ireland, as a centre on debut in 1921, then on a wing for his four appearances the following year. He scored his only Ireland try against England at Lansdowne Road in 1922 and in his next match played opposite the famous sprinter Eric Liddell.

In addition to rugby union, Wallis was a four-time national champion in the 120 yard hurdles. He was also a singer and won a gold medal at the Feis Ceoil, an annual singing festival.

Wallis had a nephew, Clive, who played as a prop for Ireland in the 1930s.

Clive Wallis
Clive O'Neill Wallis (16 October 1913 — 26 October 1981) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Dublin, Wallis was a nephew of Ireland three-quarter Thomas Wallis. He attended Cranleigh School in England and remained in the country for his later rugby, playing with the British Army. In 1935, Wallis was capped as a forward for Ireland in a match against the touring All Blacks at Lansdowne Road in his hometown Dublin.

Wallis received a commission to the East Surrey Regiment and in 1938 got posted with the 2nd Battalion to Singapore. He served as a company commander during the Malayan Campaign and was held for over three years as a prisoner of war by the Japanese, later receiving a Military Cross for his leadership while in captivity.
Glendale, Queens
Glendale is a neighborhood in the west-central portion of the New York City borough of Queens. It is bounded by Forest Hills to the east, Ridgewood to the west, Woodhaven to the south, and Middle Village to the north.

Glendale was built on a swampy area previously called Fresh Pond. The neighborhood was later developed into an industrial area, though it is now a more residential neighborhood. Glendale's land area is long on its east-west axis and narrow on its north-south axis. The area is surrounded mainly by cemeteries, although the neighborhood also contains several large parks, including part of Forest Park.

Glendale is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11385. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Glendale is represented by the New York City Council's 30th District.

Forest Park (Queens)
Forest Park is a park in the New York City borough of Queens. Spanning 543 acres (220 ha), it is the tenth-largest park in New York City and the third-largest in Queens. Acquired between 1895 and 1898, it was originally referred to as Brooklyn Forest Park, since the original owner was the then-independent city of Brooklyn.

The park contains a 165-acre (67 ha) forest. It sits on hills left behind by the Wisconsin glacier and is a haven for native plants and wildlife in the midst of the city's sprawl. In addition to the park's large full-time bird population, migratory birds pass through in the spring and fall.

Several trails are available for area residents and urban day hikers. Other facilities include playgrounds, a carousel, a running track, two dog runs, a pond, tennis courts, basketball courts, baseball fields, a skate park, and a golf course. The park is operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.
Wild Beasts
Wild Beasts was an English indie rock band, formed in 2002 in Kendal. They released their first single, "Brave Bulging Buoyant Clairvoyants", on Bad Sneakers Records in November 2006, and subsequently signed to Domino Records. They have released five acclaimed albums, Limbo, Panto in 2008, Two Dancers in 2009, Smother in 2011, Present Tense in 2014 and Boy King in 2016. Two Dancers was nominated for the Mercury Prize.

Domino Recording Company
Domino Recording Company, or simply Domino, is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press.
The Death of Caesar (Gérôme)
The Death of Caesar (French: La Mort de César) is an 1867 painting by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme. It depicts the moment after the assassination of Julius Caesar, when the jubilant conspirators are walking away from Caesar's dead body at the Theatre of Pompey, on the Ides of March (March 15), 44 BC. The painting is kept at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, Maryland.

Characteristically, Gérôme has depicted not the incident itself, but its immediate aftermath. The illusion of reality that Gérôme imparted to his paintings with his smooth, polished technique led one critic to comment, "If photography had existed in Caesar's day, one could believe that the picture was painted from a photograph taken on the spot at the very moment of the catastrophe."

Gérôme's depiction of the aftermath of violence can also be seen in The Execution of Marshal Ney, The Duel After the Masquerade, and Jerusalem.

The Duel After the Masquerade
The Duel After the Masquerade is a painting by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme, of which multiple copies exist. The original, Suite d'un bal masqué, first shown in 1857, is in the Musée Condé in Chantilly, France.