hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beaufort Island
Beaufort Island is an island in Antarctica's Ross Sea. It is the northernmost feature of the Ross Archipelago, lying 21 kilometres (13 miles) north of Cape Bird, Ross Island. It is approximately 18.4 km2 (7 square miles) in area. It was first charted by James Clark Ross in 1841. Ross named the island for Sir Francis Beaufort, hydrographer to the British Royal Navy.

Ross Archipelago
Ross Archipelago (77°30′S 167°0′E﻿ / ﻿77.500°S 167.000°E﻿ / -77.500; 167.000) is a name for that group of islands which, together with the ice shelf between them, forms the eastern and southern boundaries of McMurdo Sound in Antarctica. The most northerly is Beaufort Island, then comes Ross Island, the Dellbridge Islands, and Black Island and White Island. Frank Debenham's classic report, The Physiography of the Ross Archipelago, 1923, described "Brown Island" (now Brown Peninsula) as a part of the group.
Timbers Army
The Timbers Army is an independent supporters group of Portland Timbers, a soccer club in Major League Soccer—the top tier of the United States soccer pyramid. Its members are known for their loud, enthusiastic support and the raucous atmosphere they create at Timbers games. Centered in section 107 of Providence Park in Portland, Oregon, the Army has grown steadily over the years to encompass much of the north end of the stadium.

Merritt Paulson
Henry Merritt Paulson III (born 1972/1973) is an American businessman who is the minority owner of Peregrine Sports, LLC, which owns the operating rights to the Portland Timbers, a Major League Soccer (MLS) team. He and his company also founded and formerly owned Portland Thorns FC, a National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) team; both clubs are based in Portland, Oregon.
Syðradalur, Streymoy Island
Syðradalur (Danish: Sydredal) is a small village in the Faroe Islands. It is located on the west coast of Streymoy, in Tórshavn Municipality.

Not to be confused with Syðradalur village on Kalsoy, it has a view at the islands Koltur and Vágar.

Koltur
Koltur is an island in the Faroe Islands, located to the west of Streymoy and to the north-west of Hestur. The name 'Koltur' means 'colt', in contrast with the name of the larger island to the south-east, 'Hestur', which means 'horse'. The island has just one settlement, Koltur. It was abandoned in the 1980s by the sheep-farmers whose flocks grazed on the southern part of the island. Since then only two people have returned (in 1994). Koltur has two mountains, Kolturshamar (478 m) and Fjallið (101m) which strictly speaking is not a mountain, the name however translates directly as "The Mountain" and is considered by many as the smallest mountain in the country.

The island supports 160 adult sheep.
Shap Summit
Shap Summit refers to three different route summits in close proximity, of the A6 road, M6 motorway and the highest point of the West Coast Main Line railway in England, near to the Cumbria village of Shap in North West England, crossing the hills of the Lake District.

Shap
Shap is a village and civil parish located among fells and isolated dales in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. The village is in the historic county of Westmorland. The parish had a population of 1,221 in 2001, increasing slightly to 1,264 at the 2011 Census.
Mikulin M-17
The Mikulin M-17 was a Soviet-licensed copy of the German BMW VI V-12 liquid-cooled aircraft piston engine, further developed by Alexander Mikulin and used by Soviet aircraft and tanks during World War II. Production began in 1930 and continued until 1942. More than 27,000 were produced, of which 19,000 were aircraft engines while the rest were used in Soviet tanks of the period.

Aleksandr Mikulin
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikulin (Russian: Александр Александрович Микулин; 14 February 1895 – 13 May 1985) was a Soviet aircraft engine designer and chief designer in the Mikulin OKB. His achievements include the first Soviet liquid-cooled aircraft piston engine, the Mikulin AM-34, and the Mikulin AM-3 turbojet engine for the Soviet Union's first jet airliner, the Tupolev Tu-104. Mikulin also took part in the Tsar Tank project.
Aglianico
Aglianico (English: /ælˈjænɪkoʊ/ al-YAN-ik-oh, Italian: [aʎˈʎaːniko]) is a black grape grown in the southern regions of Italy, mostly Basilicata and Campania. It is considered with Sangiovese and Nebbiolo to be one of the three greatest Italian varieties. Aglianico is sometimes called "The Barolo of the South" (il Barolo del Sud) due to its ability to produce highly refined, complex fine wines like the famous wine from Piedmont, Barolo.

Aglianico del Vulture
Aglianico del Vulture and Aglianico del Vulture Superiore are Italian red wines based on the Aglianico grape and produced in the Vulture area of Basilicata. Located on volcanic soils derived from nearby Mount Vulture, it was awarded Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) status in 1971. The Superiore was elevated to a separate Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) status in 2011, the only DOCG wine in Basilicata.

Although not as famous as other Italian wines, Aglianico del Vulture is considered one of the best red wines of Italy.
Angelo Branduardi
Angelo Branduardi (born 12 February 1950) is an Italian folk/folk rock singer-songwriter and composer who scored relative success in Italy and European countries such as France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands and Greece.

Sergei Yesenin
Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin (Russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Есе́нин, IPA: [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ jɪˈsʲenʲɪn]; 3 October [O.S. 21 September] 1895 – 28 December 1925), sometimes spelled as Esenin, was a Russian lyric poet. He is one of the most popular and well-known Russian poets of the 20th century. One of his narratives was "lyrical evocations of and nostalgia for the village life of his childhood – no idyll, presented in all its rawness, with an implied curse on urbanisation and industrialisation".
Malagueta pepper
Malagueta pepper (Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐlɐˈɡetɐ]), a variety of Capsicum frutescens, is a type of chili pepper widely used in the Portuguese-speaking world (Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, Cape Verde, and São Tomé and Príncipe) and the Caribbean. It got its name from the unrelated melegueta pepper, an African spice from Guinea which is a member of the ginger family.

The malagueta pepper is a small, tapered chili that grows to about 5 cm (2 in) in length. It has a range of 60,000 to 100,000 Scoville units.

Capsicum frutescens
Capsicum frutescens is a wild chili pepper having genetic proximity to the cultivated pepper Capsicum chinense.  It is native to Central and South America as well as Mexico. Pepper cultivars of C. frutescens can be annual or short-lived perennial plants.
The Minnesota Wrecking Crew
The Minnesota Wrecking Crew is a Canadian sketch comedy troupe, featuring members John Catucci, Josh Glover, Mike 'Nug' Nahrgang and Ron Sparks. They all met as members of The Vanier Improv Company. The group won two consecutive Canadian Comedy Awards for Best Sketch Troupe (2003-2004), and were nominated again in 2005 and 2006, making them one of the country's most successful comedy groups.

In 2006 they were featured in the CBC Television special Sketch with Kevin McDonald, hosted by Kevin McDonald of The Kids in the Hall fame, with their performance earning the troupe its third Canadian Comedy Award, in the "Best Taped Live Performance" category.

They are named after the professional wrestling tag team, The Minnesota Wrecking Crew.

The troupe has not performed in years.

Ron Sparks (comedian)
Ron Sparks (born May 20, 1977) is a Canadian comedian, actor, writer, and producer. He is known as an alternative comedian and frequent guest on CBC Radio's The Debaters, and on TV as a regular and favourite juror on MuchMusic's highest-rated show, Video on Trial, also starring as The Judge in the Stars on Trial Christmas special and various other VOT spin-offs.
Basil D'Oliveira
Basil Lewis D'Oliveira CBE OIS (4 October 1931 – 19 November 2011) was an England international cricketer of South African Cape Coloured background, whose potential selection by England for the scheduled 1968–69 tour of apartheid-era South Africa caused the D'Oliveira affair.

Nicknamed "Dolly", D'Oliveira played county cricket for Worcestershire from 1964 to 1980, and appeared for England in 44 Test matches and four One Day Internationals between 1966 and 1972.

Cape Coloureds
Cape Coloureds (Afrikaans: Kaapse Kleurlinge) are a South African group of Coloured people who are from the Cape region in South Africa which consists of the Western Cape, Northern Cape and the Eastern Cape. Their ancestry comes from the interracial mixing between the European, the indigenous Khoi and San, the Xhosa plus other Bantu people, indentured labourers imported from the British Raj, slaves imported from the Dutch East Indies, immigrants from the Levant or Yemen (or a combination of all). Eventually, all these ethnic and racial groups intermixed with each other, forming a group of mixed-race people that became known as the "Cape Coloureds".
Craw (band)
Craw were an American independent band from Cleveland, Ohio. They belonged to the harder-edged branch of the math rock or post hardcore movement, in the same category as bands such as Colossamite, Keelhaul, Zeni Geva, Dazzling Killmen and Ruins.

Keelhaul (band)
Keelhaul is a four-piece progressive mathcore/sludge metal band from Cleveland, Ohio. The members are Aaron Dallison (bass, vocals), Dana Embrose (guitar), Will Scharf (drums), and Chris Smith (guitar, vocals).

The band formed in 1998. They toured Europe in April 2004 and subsequently went on a lengthy break. With no tours or new music recorded, Keelhaul entered the studio in December 2008 with producer Andrew Schneider to record their new album, Keelhaul's Triumphant Return to Obscurity. In the same month, the band resumed live activity with two shows, one in Philadelphia and the other in New York.  In 2009, they played support to Isis for the Wavering Radiant tour (which took in dates across Europe), filling the bill with Finnish band Circle.
Miami City Hall
Miami City Hall is the local government headquarters for the City of Miami, Florida. Since 1954, the city government headquarters has been located in the former Pan American Airlines Terminal Building on Dinner Key, which was designed by Delano & Aldrich and constructed in 1934 for the former International Pan American Airport. This building is located in the Coconut Grove neighborhood of the city. Prior to 1954, the city government headquarters had been located in Downtown Miami for 58 years.

International Pan American Airport
International Pan American Airport is a former airport in Dinner Key, Miami, Florida operated by Pan American World Airways from 1932 to 1945. During its existence, it operated alongside Coast Guard Air Station Dinner Key.
2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I – Pool A
Group A of the 2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa zone of the 2012 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group II.

2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the fifteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I. The top two teams advanced to World Group II play-offs, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Europe/Africa Zone Group II.
Mtiskalta Church
Mtiskalta Church (Georgian: მთისკალთის ეკლესია)  is the church ruins on the left bank of the river East Gumist in the village of Mtiskalta, Sokhumi municipality, Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia. The church was built in the 19th and 20th centuries. The church walls are in a heavy physical condition and need urgent conservation.
Not to be confused with nearby Mtiskalta Church of the Transfiguration built in the 19th century.

Mtiskalta Church of the Transfiguration
Mtiskalta Church of Transfiguration (Georgian: მთისკალთის ფერიცვალების ეკლესია) is a church in the village of Mtiskalta, Sokhumi municipality, Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia. The church was built in the 19th century.

Not to be confused with ruins of nearby Mtiskalta Church built in  19th and 20th centuries.
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments
The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) of 1988 are United States federal regulatory standards that apply to all clinical laboratory testing performed on humans in the United States, except clinical trials and basic research.

Laboratory-developed test
Laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) are a class of in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) designed, manufactured, and used within a single laboratory. They are employed for various medical diagnoses and research applications, offering advantages in flexibility and fostering innovation in the diagnostics field.

"Laboratory-developed test" is a term used to refer to a certain class of in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) that, in the U.S., were traditionally regulated under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments program.
Language deprivation experiments
Language deprivation experiments have been claimed to have been attempted at least four times through history, isolating infants from the normal use of spoken or signed language in an attempt to discover the fundamental character of human nature or the origin of language.

The American literary scholar Roger Shattuck called this kind of research study the "forbidden experiment" because of the exceptional deprivation of ordinary human contact it requires. Although not designed to study language, similar experiments on primates (labelled the "pit of despair") utilising complete social deprivation resulted in serious psychological disturbances.

Feral child
A feral child (also called wild child) is a young individual who has lived isolated from human contact from a very young age, with little or no experience of human care, social behavior, or language. Such children lack the basics of primary and secondary socialization. The term is used to refer to children who have suffered severe abuse or trauma before being abandoned or running away. They are sometimes the subjects of folklore and legends, often portrayed as having been raised by animals. While there are many cases of children being found in proximity to wild animals, there are no eyewitness accounts of animals feeding human children.
Frank Goddard
Percy Frank Goddard (27 November 1891- 8 December 1957) was a British boxer who became the heavyweight boxing champion in 1923. Goddard's career begin in 1914 and it soon became apparent that he was one of the best boxers in the UK. He became the British heavyweight boxing champion on 26 May 1919 having beaten Jack Curphey for the vacant British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British heavyweight title. Goddard lost the British heavyweight championship on 17 June 1919 to Joe Beckett.

Goddard won back the title on 21 November 1923, beating Jack Bloomfield to win the vacant BBBofC British heavyweight title. On 29 May 1924, Goddard made a successful defence of the title against Jack Stanley at the Royal Albert Hall. He fought his last fight against Phil Scott on 18 March 1926, losing his title and ending his career. After his retirement he lived in The Cross Inn, Great Bromley, Essex. It was detailed on his death certificate that he was "formerly a publican".

Joe Beckett
Joseph Beckett (4 April 1892 – 12 March 1965), also known by the nickname of "Joe", born in Wickham, Hampshire was an English professional light heavy/cruiser/heavyweight boxer of the 1910s and early 1920s, who won the National Sporting Club (NSC) (subsequently known as the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC)) British heavyweight title, and British Empire heavyweight title, and challenged for the NSC British Light heavyweight title, and European Boxing Union (EBU) heavyweight title.
Nova Scotia Route 209
Route 209 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

It is located in Cumberland County and follows the shoreline of the Bay of Fundy, connecting Parrsboro with Joggins. The linked communities are known as the Parrsboro Shore.

It is designated as part of the Fundy Shore Scenic Drive. Highway 209 was formerly designated as Trunk Highway 9.

Fundy Shore Scenic Drive
The Fundy Shore Scenic Drive is a scenic drive in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It located along the northeastern portion of the Bay of Fundy, following the Chignecto Peninsula which separates Chignecto Bay and Minas Basin, an area which contains the highest tidal range on the planet.

The Fundy Shore Scenic Drive runs from Upper Nappan, just south of Amherst, to Parrsboro and is entirely in Cumberland County. Some older maps show the route as being an alternate route of the Glooscap Trail.
Aughton, East Riding of Yorkshire
Aughton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ellerton, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) north-west of the market town of Howden and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of the market town of Pocklington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 100. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished to form Ellerton.

It lies west of the B1228 road and east of the River Derwent.

The name Aughton derives from the Old English āctūn meaning the 'settlement at the oak'.

Ellerton, East Riding of Yorkshire
Ellerton is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 8 miles (13 km) north-west of the market town of Howden and 8 miles south-west of the market town of Pocklington.
It lies west of the B1228 road and east of the River Derwent. According to the 2011 UK census, the parish had a population of 388, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 355. and covers an area of 1,824.551 hectares (4,508.56 acres).
Rusudan (daughter of George III of Georgia)
Rusudan (Georgian: რუსუდანი; Greek: Ρουσουδάν) was the younger daughter of King George III of Georgia and of his wife, Burdukhan (Gurandukht).  Her elder sister was the famous Queen Tamar, who succeeded their father as ruler of Georgia.

Born after 1160, Rusudan was married, possibly in 1180, to Manuel Komnenos, the eldest son of Andronikos I, who was the Byzantine Emperor from 1183 to 1185. Manuel and Rusudan had two sons, Alexios, probably born in 1182, and David, born around 1184.

When Andronikos was deposed and killed, Manuel was blinded, and possibly may have died from his wounds. It is said that Rusudan fled Constantinople with her sons, taking refuge in Georgia.

While the Fourth Crusade were camped outside Constantinople between 1203 and 1204 (and would later take the city), Tamar sent Georgian troops to help Alexios and David to take control of Trebizond in April 1204. Combined with their additional conquests this became the new Empire of Trebizond.

George III of Georgia
George III (Georgian: გიორგი III, romanized: giorgi III) (died 27 March 1184), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the 8th King (mepe) of Georgia from 1156 to 1184. He became king when his father, Demetrius I, died in 1156, which was preceded by his brother's revolt against their father in 1154. His reign was part of what would be called the Georgian Golden Age – a historical period in the High Middle Ages, during which the Kingdom of Georgia reached the peak of its military power and development.
Eloy Detention Center
The Eloy Detention Center is a private prison located in Eloy, Pinal County, Arizona, owned and operated by CoreCivic, formerly the Corrections Corporation of America, under contract with the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).

Eloy, Arizona
Eloy is a city in Pinal County, Arizona, United States, approximately 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Tucson and about 65 miles (105 km) southeast of Phoenix. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 15,635.
First Oil Well in Western Canada
The First Oil Well in Western Canada, also known as Lineham Discovery Well No. 1, is a defunct oil well and national historic site of Canada, which commemorates the September 21, 1902 oil strike in what is now Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta. The well, originally drilled in 1902, was the first productive oil well in the western Canadian provinces.

Waterton Lakes National Park
Waterton Lakes National Park is in the southwest corner of Alberta, Canada. The national park borders Glacier National Park in Montana, United States. Waterton was the fourth Canadian national park, formed in 1895 as Kootenay Lakes Forest Reserve. It is named after Waterton Lake, in turn after the Victorian naturalist and conservationist Charles Waterton. Its range is between the Rocky Mountains and the Prairies. This park contains 505 km2 (195 sq mi) of rugged mountains and wilderness. It has a diverse ecosystem.

Operated by Parks Canada, Waterton is open all year, but the main tourist season is during July and August. The only commercial facilities available within the park are located at the Waterton Park townsite. This park ranges in elevation from 1,290 metres (4,232 ft) at the townsite to 2,910 m (9,547 ft) at Mount Blakiston. It offers many scenic trails, including Crypt Lake trail. In 2012/2013, Waterton Lakes National Park had 402,542 visitors.
Cyprian and Justina
Saints Cyprian and Justina (Greek: Κυπριανός & Ίουστίνη) are honored in the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy as Christians of Antioch, who in 304, during the Diocletianic Persecution, suffered martyrdom at Nicomedia (modern-day İzmit, Turkey) on September 26. According to Roman Catholic sources, no Bishop of Antioch bore the name of Cyprian.

The historian of religion Gilles Quispel has argued that the story of Cyprian is a prototype of the Faust story.

Cyprian
Cyprian (/ˈsɪpriən/; Latin: Thascius Caecilius Cyprianus; c. 210 to 14 September 258 AD) was a bishop of Carthage and an early Christian writer of Berber descent, many of whose Latin works are extant. He is recognized as a saint in the Western and Eastern churches.

He was born around the beginning of the 3rd century in North Africa, perhaps at Carthage, where he received a classical education. Soon after converting to Christianity, he became a bishop in 249. A controversial figure during his lifetime, his strong pastoral skills, firm conduct during the Novatianist controversy and outbreak of the Plague of Cyprian (named for his description of it), and eventual martyrdom at Carthage established his reputation and proved his sanctity in the eyes of the Church.

His skilful Latin rhetoric led to his being considered the pre-eminent Latin writer of Western Christianity until Jerome and Augustine.
Shigatse Tingri Airport
Shigatse Tingri Airport, also called Rikaze Tingri Airport (IATA: DDR, ICAO: ZUDR) is a high-altitude airport in Tingri County, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region. Construction began in August 2019 and the airport was opened in December 2022.

Tingri County
Tingri County (Tibetan: དིང་རི་རྫོང་།; simplified Chinese: 定日县; traditional Chinese: 定日縣; pinyin: Dìngrì Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shigatse in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

The county comprises the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries, the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsangpo which flow south into Nepal. It is bordered on the south by the main range of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest (Tib. Jomolangma), Makalu and Cho Oyu. The present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km (54 mi) east of Tingri (town).

Tingri is one of the four counties (the other three being Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong) that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve, a protected area spanning 3.381 million hectares.