hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Strade Bianche Women
The 2015 Strade Bianche was the first running of the Strade Bianche Donne, a one-day women's cycling race in Italy that was held on 7 March 2015. The race started in San Gimignano and finished on Siena's Piazza del Campo and was run entirely in the province of Siena, in the Chianti region of Tuscany. The inaugural edition was spun off the men's event, which started in 2007, and had a UCI rating of 1.1.

The event was won by American Megan Guarnier after distancing her teammate Lizzie Armitstead and Italian Elisa Longo Borghini during the final stretches of the race. Like the men's race, the women's race featured five gravel sectors, totalling 17 kilometres (11 miles).

Strade Bianche Donne
The Strade Bianche Donne (Strade Bianche Women), also named Strade Bianche Rosa by Italian media, is an annual professional women's road bicycle racing event in Tuscany, Italy. Roughly a quarter of the route is raced on white gravel roads – unpaved country lanes winding through the countryside of the Chianti region – from which the event gets its name.

First held in 2015, the race is part of the UCI Women's World Tour, cycling's top-tier female elite competition. It is organized on the same day as the men's race, on the first or second Saturday of March, on much of the same roads but at a shorter distance. Dutch rider Annemiek van Vleuten and Belgian rider Lotte Kopecky have both won two editions of the race.

The 2026 Strade Bianche Donne (women's race) will take place on Saturday, March 7, 2026. The UCI Women's WorldTour race is based in Siena, Italy, featuring the famous Tuscan white gravel roads (sterrato) and a finish in the Piazza del Campo. It is a 1-day race.
2014 Travelers Tankard
The 2014 Travelers Tankard, southern Ontario's men's provincial curling championship, was held from January 27 to February 2 at the Smiths Falls Community Memorial Centre in Smiths Falls, Ontario. The winning Mark Bice team (skipped by Greg Balsdon) represented Ontario at the 2014 Tim Hortons Brier in Kamloops, British Columbia.

2014 Tim Hortons Brier
The 2014 Tim Hortons Brier was held from March 1 to 9 at the Interior Savings Centre in Kamloops, British Columbia.

Unlike previous years, the winner of the 2014 Brier automatically qualified for the 2015 Brier as Team Canada, similarly to the Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
Data position measurement
Data position measurement (DPM) is a CD and DVD copy protection mechanism that operates by measuring the physical location of data on an optical disc. Stamped CDs are perfect clones and always have the data at the expected location, while a burned copy would exhibit physical differences. DPM detects these differences to identify user-made copies. DPM was first used publicly in 1996 by Link Data Security's CD-Cops. It was used in volume on Lademans Leksikon published by Egmont in November 1996.

CD-Cops
CD-Cops was the first CD-ROM protection system to use the geometry of the CD-ROM media rather than a hidden "mark". It was invented in 1996 by Danish Link Data Security, known for its Cops Copylock key-diskette security used in the 1990s by Lotus 1-2-3.
American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission
The American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission was charged by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin McMasters Stanton in March 1863 with investigating the status of the slaves and former slaves who were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation.  Stanton appointed Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe, James McKaye, and Robert Dale Owen as commissioners, all three of whom served from the creation of the committee in 1863 through to their submission of its final report in May 1864.

Freedmen's Bureau
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. government agency of early post American Civil War Reconstruction, assisting freedmen (i.e., former enslaved people) in the South. It was established on March 3, 1865, and operated briefly as a federal agency after the War, from 1865 to November 1872, to direct provisions, clothing, and fuel for the immediate and temporary shelter and supply of destitute and suffering refugees and freedmen and their wives and children.
Convexity (finance)
In mathematical finance, convexity refers to non-linearities in a financial model. In other words, if the price of an underlying variable changes, the price of an output does not change linearly, but depends on the second derivative (or, loosely speaking, higher-order terms) of the modeling function. Geometrically, the model is no longer flat but curved, and the degree of curvature is called the convexity.

Financial modeling
Financial modeling
 is the task of building an abstract representation (a model) of a real world financial situation. This is a mathematical model designed to represent (a simplified version of) the performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project, or any other investment.

Typically, then, financial modeling is understood to mean an exercise in either asset pricing or corporate finance, of a quantitative nature. It is about translating a set of hypotheses about the behavior of markets or agents into numerical predictions.  At the same time, "financial modeling" is a general term that means different things to different users; the reference usually relates either to accounting and corporate finance applications or to quantitative finance applications.
Collateral estoppel
Collateral estoppel (CE), known in modern terminology as issue preclusion, is a common law estoppel doctrine that prevents a person from relitigating an issue. One summary is that, "once a court has decided an issue of fact or law necessary to its judgment, that decision ... preclude[s] relitigation of the issue in a suit on a different cause of action involving a party to the first case". The rationale behind issue preclusion is the prevention of legal harassment and the prevention of overuse or abuse of judicial resources.

Estoppel
Estoppel is a judicial device whereby a court may prevent or "estop" a person from making assertions or from going back on their word. The person barred from doing so is said to be "estopped". Estoppel may prevent someone from bringing a particular claim. In common law legal systems, the legal doctrine of estoppel is based in both common law and equity. 
Estoppel is also a concept in international law.
Ormiston Six Villages Academy
Ormiston Six Villages Academy (formerly Westergate Community School) is a coeducational secondary school for 11 to 16-year-old students (Y7-11) with academy status, located in Westergate, West Sussex, England.

The six villages are Barnham, Eastergate, Westergate, Walberton, Fontwell and Yapton.

The school converted to academy status on 1 November 2013 and is part of the Ormiston Academies Trust.

The academy was recently rated as ‘Good’ by Ofsted in their most recent inspection occurring in 2022.

Ormiston Trust
Ormiston Trust is a charitable trust based in London, England. It is a grant-making trust that chiefly assists schools and organisations supporting children and young people.

The trust was established in the memory of Fiona Ormiston Murray who died in a car crash with her husband on their honeymoon in 1969.

Much of the trust's work is accomplished through its two main subsidiaries - Ormiston Families and Ormiston Academies Trust.
Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church
The Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church (Russian: Священный синод Русской православной церкви, romanized: Svyashchennyy sinod Russkoy pravoslavnoy tserkvi) serves by Church statute as the supreme administrative governing body of the Russian Orthodox Church in the periods between Bishops' Councils.

Holy Synod
In several of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches and Eastern Catholic Churches, the patriarch or head bishop is elected by a group of bishops called the Holy Synod. For instance, the Holy Synod is a ruling body of the Georgian Orthodox Church.

In Oriental Orthodoxy the Holy Synod is the highest authority in the church and it formulates the rules and regulations regarding matters of church organization, faith, and order of service.
Gate Keepers
Gate Keepers (ゲートキーパーズ, Gēto Kīpāzu) is a tactical role-playing game developed by Entertainment Software Publishing and published by Kadokawa Shoten for the PlayStation. The game was then adapted into a manga series written by Hiroshi Yamaguchi and drawn by Keiji Gotoh and an anime series produced by Gonzo, and first aired on April 3, 2000. A six episode original video animation (OVA) sequel, Gate Keepers 21, was released in 2002. The main characters in the OVA sequel were the next generation of Gate Keepers.

All Gate Keepers series follow the same basic premise and share most of their characters, with some major discrepancies (mainly involving the character Reiji Kageyama). A character from the game, Francine Allumage is completely absent from the anime. Another character from the game Misao Sakamori, was replaced in the anime with the new original character Megumi Kurogane (though Misao does make a guest appearance towards the end of the anime).

Kinryū Arimoto
Kinryū Arimoto (有本 欽隆, Arimoto Kinryū; born Yoshitaka Arimoto, February 11, 1940 – February 1, 2019) was a Japanese actor and voice actor formerly employed by Production Baobab. He also practiced kenpo, earning the black belt rank of shodan. Though his birth name was Yoshitaka, a kanji mistranslation led to his name being read as Kinryū, which stuck as his stage name.

He died on February 1, 2019, aged 78 due to esophageal cancer.
SB Ena
The Ena is a wooden Thames sailing barge constructed in Harwich in 1906 that is resting on the flats adjacent to Stargate Marina in Hoo, Kent. She is a notable Dunkirk little ship reputed to have rescued 100 men.

In 2002, Ena was the focus of an episode of the Channel 4 TV series Salvage Squad.

Little Ships of Dunkirk
The Little Ships of Dunkirk were about 850 private small boats that sailed from Ramsgate in England to Dunkirk in northern France between 26 May and 4 June 1940 as part of Operation Dynamo, helping to rescue more than 336,000 British, French, and other Allied soldiers who were trapped on the beaches at Dunkirk during the Second World War.
La Woz
La Woz (Antillean Creole for "The Rose") is one of the two historic cultural societies (sociétés) of the Antillean country of Saint Lucia.  It is also the name of the society's festival, held every August.  The other societé is La Magwit ("The Marguerite"), which holds its festival in October.

Societies of Saint Lucia
The societies (societés) of Saint Lucia also known as "Societies of the Flowers" (Dirks, 1987, p7) are two historic associations on the Antillean island country of Saint Lucia, La Woz ("The Rose") and La Magwit ("The Marguerite"). Other islands that have historically had these societies as well were Dominica and Trinidad. Ostensibly based around singing the virtues of the rose and globosa flowers, the societies are intense rivals, and their membership includes most of the population of the island.

Each society holds a yearly festival, on August 30 for the "Roses" and October 17 for the "Marguerites".  These flower festivals are unique to St. Lucia and are major events in the cultural life and history of the country.

The names La Woz and La Magawit are in the local Creole (Kweyol) language, that combines a European vocabulary with a West African-based grammar.
Gippsland United FC
Gippsland United FC is a soccer club based in Warragul, Victoria, Australia. The club was founded in 1963 and currently competes in Victorian State League 2 South-East.

Since 2018, GUFC have been the highest-ranked club in the Gippsland area, overtaking Morwell Pegasus, who withdrew from Metropolitan competition and returned to the Latrobe Valley Soccer League that same season.

Despite a relatively barren start to their existence, Warragul United Soccer Club (as GUFC were originally known) emerged as a force in the mid-1980s and then claimed LVSL titles in 1998, 1999 and 2001, leading them to join the Victorian State Leagues, where multiple promotions led them to the brink of NPL Victoria.

In November 2022, Warragul United SC would become Gippsland United Football Club following an amalgamation of itself, Gippsland Football Club and Latrobe Women’s Football Club.

Gippsland Soccer League
Gippsland Soccer (GSL) is a soccer league encompassing much of South Gippsland and West Gippsland and in the south eastern of region Victoria, comprising local government areas such as Baw Baw Shire, South Gippsland Shire and Bass Coast Shire.

It was established in 2016 following the split of the former Gippsland Soccer League, when 12 clubs broke away to revive the Latrobe Valley Soccer League. The clubs that remained, mostly from the South Gippsland Soccer League, continued under the GSL name.

The league is affiliated with Football Victoria, which took over the administrative duties of the GSL in December 2025.
Gifu Park
Gifu Park (岐阜公園, Gifu Kōen) is a public park located at the base of Mount Kinka in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Inside the park, there are many attractions, including Gifu Castle, Mount Kinka, the Mt. Kinka Ropeway, the Gifu City Museum of History, the Eizō & Tōichi Katō Memorial Art Museum, and the Nawa Insect Museum. In 2006, it was selected as one of Japan's Top 100 Public Historical Parks.

Gifu
Gifu (岐阜市, Gifu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡʲi.ɸɯ, ɡʲi.ɸɯ̥ꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in the south-central portion of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and serves as the prefectural capital. The city has played an important strategic role in Japan's history because of its location in the middle of the country. During the Sengoku period, various warlords used the area as a base in their efforts to unify and control Japan. Among them, Oda Nobunaga, who gave the region the name it is known by today. Gifu continued to flourish even after Japan's unification as both an important shukuba along the Edo period Nakasendō and, later, as one of Japan's fashion centers. It has been designated a core city by the national government. The city is a part of the Chūkyō metropolitan area, centered around Nagoya.
Breast-shaped hill
Breast-shaped hills are anthropomorphic geographic features found in various parts of the world. In some traditional cultures they were once revered as the attributes of the Mother Goddess, such as the Paps of Anu, named after Anu, an important female deity of pre-Christian Ireland. "Pap" is an archaic word for the breast or nipple of a woman. It is used in the name of a number of breast-shaped hills, particularly those with a small hilltop protuberance.

Mamelon (volcanology)
A mamelon (from French mamelon, "nipple") is a rock formation created by eruption of relatively thick or stiff lava through a narrow vent in the bedrock. Because the lava is not fluid, it does not flow away, but congeals around the vent, forming a small hill or mound on the surface. The outflow from successive eruptions forms additional layers on top, and the resulting pile of layers may stand over 100 metres (330 ft) above the surrounding surface.

The term was coined by the French explorer and naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent, to describe the central peak of the Dolomieu Crater in the Piton de la Fournaise volcano on Réunion.

Hanging Rock, in Victoria, Australia, is another example of a mamelon.
Biomedicum Helsinki
The Biomedicum Helsinki is a research and teaching center located in the Meilahti district of Helsinki, Finland. It contains two buildings (Biomedicum Helsinki 1 and 2), and features research and teaching facilities of the University of Helsinki's Faculty of Medicine, the Helsinki University Central Hospital, the EMBL Nordic partner Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, the 
Folkhälsan Research Center, the Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, the Wihuri Research Institute, and several companies in the life science field.

Building 1 was completed in 2001 and Building 2 in 2008. A bridge named in honor of Konrad ReijoWaara (1853-1936), a prominent figure in the Medical Association Duodecim and the first editor-in-chief of the magazine of the same name, connects the buildings. The use of the buildings are coordinated by the Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation, which also funds research activities in the field of medicine.

Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine
The Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) is an international research institute which investigates the molecular mechanism of diseases by methods involving genetics and medical systems biology. The research combines technology and high-level research with unique patients and biobank materials. The aim of FIMM is to transfer research data to medical use in healthcare, i.e. improving and promoting personalised medicine.

FiMM is member of EU-LIFE, an alliance of leading life sciences research centres in Europe.
Win, Lose or Die
Win, Lose or Die, first published in 1989, was the eighth novel by John Gardner featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond. Carrying the Glidrose Publications copyright, it was first published in the United Kingdom by Hodder and Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam.

Beginning with this novel, and continuing for the remainder of the John Gardner series, Bond is promoted to the Royal Navy rank of captain.

Ian Fleming Publications
Ian Fleming Publications Limited (formerly known as Glidrose Productions Limited, from 1972 to 1998, and Ian Fleming (Glidrose) Publications Limited, from 1998 to 2002, named after its founders John Gliddon and Norman Rose) is a production company. In 1952, author Ian Fleming bought it after completing his first James Bond novel, Casino Royale; he assigned most of his rights in Casino Royale, and the works which followed it to Glidrose.

In 1956, Ian Fleming hired literary agent Peter Janson-Smith to handle the foreign translation rights in the James Bond novels. He was the literary consultant and chairman of Ian Fleming Publications until 2001. Today, the Fleming family-owned Ian Fleming Publications administers all Fleming's literary works.
Electrochromism
Electrochromism  is a phenomenon in which a material displays changes in  color or opacity  in response to an electrical stimulus. In this way, a smart window made of an electrochromic material can block specific wavelengths of ultraviolet, visible or (near) infrared light. The ability to control the transmittance of near-infrared light can increase the energy efficiency of a building, reducing the amount of energy needed to cool during summer and heat during winter.

As the color change is persistent and energy needs only to be applied to effect a change, electrochromic materials are used to control the amount of light and heat allowed to pass through a surface, most commonly "smart windows". One popular application is in the automobile industry where it is used to automatically tint rear-view mirrors in various lighting conditions.

Viologen
Viologens are a family of organic compounds with the formula (C5H4NR)2n+(X-)2.  They are N-alkyl derivatives of bipyridines. In some viologens, the pyridyl groups are further modified.

The viologen paraquat (R = methyl), is a widely used herbicide. As early as in the 1930s, paraquat was being used as an oxidation-reduction indicator, because it becomes violet on reduction.

Other viologens have been commercialized because they can change color reversibly many times through reduction and oxidation.  The name viologen alludes to violet, one color it can exhibit, and the radical cation (C5H4NR)2+ is colored intensely blue.
Army of Wrangel
The Russian Army (Russian: Русская армия, romanized: Russkaya armiya), commonly known as the Army of Wrangel (Russian: Армия Врангеля), was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from March to November 1920. It was officially formed on 28 April 1920 from the merger of several White armies, including the Volunteer Army, in a reorganization of the Armed Forces of South Russia. The Army of Wrangel, nicknamed after its commander General Pyotr Wrangel, fought against Bolshevik forces in the Southern Front and the Ukrainian War of Independence. In November 1920, following defeat at the Siege of Perekop and being vastly outnumbered, the Army of Wrangel organized a successful evacuation from Crimea and subsequently dissolved. Veterans of the army were among the founders of the Russian All-Military Union.

White Army
The White Army, also known as the White Guard, the White Guardsmen, or simply the Whites, was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War. They fought against the Red Army of Soviet Russia.

When it was created, the structure of the Russian Army during the period of the Russian Provisional Government was used, while almost every individual formation had its own characteristics. The military art of the White Army was based on the experience of the First World War which left a strong imprint on the specifics of the Russian Civil War.
Batman vs. Robin
Batman vs. Robin is a 2015 American animated superhero film which is the 23rd film of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies and the fifth film in the DC Animated Movie Universe. The film is partially based on the "Batman: The Court of Owls" saga written by Scott Snyder and illustrated by Greg Capullo and Jonathan Glapion, combined with aspects of Batman & Robin: Born to Kill by Peter Tomasi and Patrick Gleason and Detective Comics: Faces of Death arcs by Tony S. Daniel, and serves as a sequel to 2014's Son of Batman. The film was shown during WonderCon on April 3, 2015, and was released on Blu-ray and DVD formats on April 14.

Stuart Allan, Jason O'Mara, David McCallum, and Sean Maher reprise their respective roles from Son of Batman. It was McCallum's last film role before his death in 2023. He would be replaced by James Garrett in future DCAMU films.

Dollmaker (character)
The Dollmaker is the name of several supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.

Barton Mathis appeared in Arrow, portrayed by Michael Eklund. Additionally, a character based on Dollmaker named Dr. Francis Dulmacher appears in Gotham, portrayed by Colm Feore.
Benjamin Wistar Morris (colonist)
Benjamin Wistar Morris (sometimes spelled "Wister"; 1762–1825) was the founder of Wellsboro, Pennsylvania. Samuel Wells Morris, Morris' son, was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. His grandson was Episcopal bishop Benjamin Wistar Morris II, and his great grandson was Benjamin Wistar Morris III, a noted architect.

Morris was the son of Captain Samuel and Rebecca (Wistar) Morris. Benjamin Morris, an agent of the Pine Creek Land Company, settled in Tioga County, Pennsylvania about 1805 with his wife Mary Wells Morris. Wellsboro may have been named in honor of Mary or a member of Mary's family. William Wells, Mary's brother, was a leader of the land company for whom Benjamin worked. At the time they settled in the county, the Morris' log house was the only home in what is now the borough of Wellsboro.

Benjamin Wistar Morris (bishop)
Benjamin Wistar Morris (sometimes II; May 30, 1819 – April 7, 1906)  was the second bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Oregon, which at the time incorporated the present-day episcopal dioceses of Olympia, Spokane, and Eastern Oregon.
Ein HaEmek
Ein HaEmek (Hebrew: עֵין הָעֵמֶק, lit. 'Eye of the Valley') is a community settlement in northern Israel. Located near Yokneam, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 847.

The name "Ein HaEmek" indicates its location at the top of the hill, overlooking the valleys around it.

Ramat HaShofet
Ramat HaShofet (Hebrew: רָמַת הַשּׁוֹפֵט, lit. 'Judge Heights') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Menashe Heights, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,186.