hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Institute of Physics
The Institute of Physics (IOP) is a UK-based not-for-profit learned society and professional body that works to advance physics education, research and application.

It was founded in 1874 and has a worldwide membership of over 20,000. The IOP is the Physical Society for the UK and Ireland and supports physics in education, research and industry. In addition to this, the IOP provides services to its members including careers advice and professional development and grants the professional qualification of Chartered Physicist (CPhys), as well as Chartered Engineer (CEng) as a nominated body of the Engineering Council; it also holds its own separate Royal Charter. The IOP's publishing company, IOP Publishing, publishes 85 academic titles.

Science Council
The Science Council is a UK organisation that was established by Royal Charter in 2003. The principal activity of The Science Council is the promotion of the advancement and dissemination of knowledge of and education in science pure and applied, for the public benefit. The Science Council is the competent authority with respect to the European Union directive 2005/36/EC. It is a membership organisation for learned and professional bodies across science and its applications and works with them to represent this sector to government and others. Together, the member organisations represent over 350,000 scientists. The Science Council provides a forum for discussion and exchange of views and works to foster collaboration between member organisations and the wider science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medical communities to enable inter-disciplinary contributions to science policy and the application of science.
Shogun Assassin
Shogun Assassin is a 1980 jidaigeki film directed by Kenji Misumi and Robert Houston. It was edited and compiled from the first two films in the Lone Wolf and Cub series, using 12 minutes of the first film, Lone Wolf and Cub: Sword of Vengeance (Kozure Ōkami: Kowokashi Udekashi Tsukamatsuru or Wolf with Child in Tow: Child and Expertise for Rent), and most of Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart at the River Styx (Kozure Ōkami: Sanzu no Kawa no Ubaguruma or Wolf with Child in Tow: Perambulator of the River of Sanzu), both released in 1972 and based on the long-running 1970s manga series Lone Wolf and Cub created by the writer Kazuo Koike and the artist Goseki Kojima.

Tomisaburo Wakayama
Tomisaburō Wakayama (若山 富三郎, Wakayama Tomisaburō; September 1, 1929 – April 2, 1992), born Masaru Okumura (奥村 勝), was a Japanese actor best known for playing Ogami Ittō, the scowling ronin warrior in the six Lone Wolf and Cub samurai films.
Fredy Nasser
Fredy Antonio Nasser Selman (born 4 June 1956) is a Honduran businessman, head of the Terra Group (Grupo Terra). The group includes Petróleos de Honduras (Hondupetrol) and Interairports. From 2001 to 2006 the Group invested over $300 million. A 2006 study by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation named Nasser one of the three "most powerful men in Honduras" (along with "energy magnate Schucry Kafie, and banker and industrialist Jaime Rosenthal").

Nasser is a graduate in architecture of the Texas A&M University. He is the brother of Maria del Carmen Nasser, appointed Ambassador to Chile, and the son-in-law of Miguel Facussé Barjum.

Schucry Kafie
Schucry Kafie (born November 11, 1947; spelled Schucrie in some sources) is a Honduran businessman and philanthropist noted for being the founder of Lácteos de Honduras S.A.—better known as Lacthosa—the country's largest dairy company. He is also a founding member, along with his brothers Luis and Eduardo, of Luz y Fuerza de San Lorenzo Sociedad Anónima—better known as Lufussa—the largest electricity supplier in Honduras.
Muros, Sardinia
Muros (Sardinian: Mùros) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Sassari. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 760 and an area of 11.2 square kilometres (4.3 sq mi).

Muros borders the following municipalities: Cargeghe, Osilo, Ossi, Sassari.

Osilo
Osilo (Sardinian: Ósile) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Sassari. It is part of  the Anglona traditional region. 
The municipality of Osilo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Santa Vittoria and San Lorenzo.

Osilo borders the following municipalities: Cargeghe, Codrongianos, Muros, Nulvi, Ploaghe, Sassari, Sennori, Tergu.

Economy is mostly based on agriculture and animal husbandry, especially of sheep, which include about 250 dairy companies.  It is the production center of the Osilo pecorino cheese. Sights include a castle and several churches.

Church of Immacolata Concezione

Church of Rosario

Historical Centre

Historical Centre

Railway Station
Galicians
Galicians (Galician: galegos [ɡaˈleɣʊs] or pobo galego; Spanish: gallegos [ɡaˈʎeɣos]) are an ethnic group primarily residing in Galicia, northwest Iberian Peninsula. Historical emigration resulted in populations in other parts of Spain, Europe, and the Americas. Galicians possess distinct customs, culture, language, music, dance, sports, art, cuisine, and mythology. Galician, a Romance language derived from the Latin of ancient Roman Gallaecia, is their native language and a primary cultural expression. It shares a common origin with Portuguese, exhibiting 85% intelligibility, and similarities with other Iberian Romance languages like Asturian and Spanish. They are closely related to the Portuguese people. Two Romance languages are widely spoken and official in Galicia: the native Galician and Spanish.

A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician pronunciation: [ɐ koˈɾuɲɐ] ⓘ; in Spanish: La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; also informally called just Coruña; historical English: Corunna or The Groyne) is a city and municipality in Galicia, Spain. With a population of 249,255, it is the 2nd-largest city in Galicia behind Vigo. The city is the provincial capital of the province of A Coruña, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982.

A Coruña is located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the main industrial and financial centre of northern Galicia, and holds the headquarters of the Universidade da Coruña. A Coruña is the city with the tallest mean-height of buildings in Spain, also featuring a population density of 21,972 inhabitants per square kilometre (56,910/sq mi) of built land area.
Sauk County, Wisconsin
Sauk County is a county in Wisconsin. It is named after a large village of the Sauk people. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,763. Its county seat and largest city is Baraboo. The county was created in 1840 from Wisconsin Territory and organized in 1844. Sauk County comprises the Baraboo, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Greater Madison area.

Merrimac (town), Wisconsin
Merrimac is a town in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 868 at the 2000 census. The Village of Merrimac is located within the town. The unincorporated community of Moon Valley is located in the town. The census-designated place of Lake Wisconsin is also located partially in the town.
Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).

Isotropy
In physics and geometry, isotropy (from Ancient Greek  ἴσος (ísos) 'equal' and  τρόπος (trópos) 'turn, way') is uniformity in all orientations. Precise definitions depend on the subject area. Exceptions, or inequalities, are frequently indicated by the prefix a- or an-, hence anisotropy. Anisotropy is also used to describe situations where properties vary systematically, dependent on direction. Isotropic radiation has the same intensity regardless of the direction of measurement, and an isotropic field exerts the same action regardless of how the test particle is oriented.
Råkvåg
Råkvåg (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈrôkvoːɡ]) is a village in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located at the inner part of the Stjørnfjorden in the northern part of what was the old Rissa Municipality.  It is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the village of Husbysjøen and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the village of Høybakken in the neighboring Ørland Municipality. The Ramsvik Church lies just south of the village.

The 0.37-square-kilometre (91-acre) village has a population (2024) of 230 and a population density of 622 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,610/sq mi).

Råkvåg is popular with boat owners. It has become a tradition to meet here on one weekend during the summer (known as Råkvåg-dagene), when boats of all sizes and people of all ages gather to relax and socialize. Råkvåg-dagene is usually organized the last weekend of July.

View of Råkvåg

View of Råkvåg

Ramsvik Church
Ramsvik Church (Norwegian: Ramsvik kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Indre Fosen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located at Ramsvik, on the south side of the village of Råkvåg, on the shore of the Stjørnfjorden. It is one of the churches for the Sør-Stjørna parish which is part of the Fosen prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1908 by an unknown architect. The church seats about 200 people.
Foster Memorial AME Zion Church
The Foster Memorial AME Zion Church is located on Wildey Street in Tarrytown, New York, United States. Formed in 1860, it is the oldest Black church in Westchester County and possibly one of the oldest in the state. During the Civil War it was a stop on the Underground Railroad and was known as the “Freedom Church." One of the church's founders was herself an escaped slave, as were many parishioners. They helped slaves either continue to Canada or settle in Tarrytown if they wished. The church has played a major role in Tarrytown's African-American community ever since.

The church's brick building, designed by local architect James Bird, was opened in 1865. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Tarrytown, New York
Tarrytown is a village in the town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the New York metropolitan area. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Midtown Manhattan in New York City, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Tarrytown is the village of Sleepy Hollow (formerly North Tarrytown). The Tappan Zee Bridge crosses the Hudson at Tarrytown, carrying the New York State Thruway (Interstates 87 and 287) to South Nyack, Rockland County and points in Upstate New York. The population was 11,860 at the 2020 census.

Historically, the name "Tarrytown" was applied to a wider area around the village, including the neighboring communities of what is now Sleepy Hollow, Pocantico Hills, and Eastview; Sleepy Hollow was once considered a suburb of Tarrytown.
Denmark Senior High School
Denmark Senior High School, previously Denmark High School, is a comprehensive public co-educational high school, located in Denmark, a regional centre 400 kilometres (250 mi) south-southeast of Perth, Western Australia.

Denmark, Western Australia
Denmark is a coastal town located on Wilson Inlet in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, 423 kilometres (263 mi) south-south-east of the state capital of Perth. At the 2016 census, Denmark had a population of 2,558; however, the population can be several times the base population during tourist seasons.
Whau River
The Whau River (Māori pronunciation: [ɸau]) is an estuarial arm of the southwestern Waitemata Harbour (rather than a river) within the Auckland metropolitan area in New Zealand. It flows north for 5.7 kilometres (3.5 mi) from its origin at the confluence of the Avondale Stream and Whau Stream to its mouth between the Te Atatū Peninsula and the long, thin Rosebank Peninsula in Avondale. It is 800 metres (2,600 ft) at its widest and 400 metres (1,300 ft) wide at its mouth.

The estuary extends past the suburbs of Glendene and Kelston. It has one small estuarial tributary arm, the Wairau Creek in the southwest. The tide flows up the Wairau Creek as far as Sabulite Road in Kelston, and up the Rewarewa Creek to Clark Street and Wolverton Road in New Lynn. The area at the mouth of the estuary is legally protected as the Motu Manawa (Pollen Island) Marine Reserve.

The Whau River is named after a native tree, the whau (Entelea arborescens).

Te Atatū Peninsula
Te Atatū Peninsula (formerly Te Atatu North, also known in Māori as Ōrukuwai) is a waterfront suburb of West Auckland surrounded by the Waitematā Harbour. The area was home to brickworks and farmland until the Northwestern Motorway was constructed in the 1950s, after which Te Atatū developed a low and medium-cost suburb. The area south of the motorway became known as Te Atatū South. The Auckland Harbour Board intended to develop a port on the peninsula for much of the 20th century. After plans for this were abandoned, the land was redeveloped into Footrot Flats Fun Park, an amusement park which operated in the 1980s. During the late 2010s, large-scale housing intensification led to the population of Te Atatū greatly expanding.
Porto Santo Airport
Porto Santo Airport (Portuguese: Aeroporto de Porto Santo) (IATA: PXO, ICAO: LPPS) is an international airport located in Vila Baleira, the capital of Porto Santo Island, Madeira.

The military Maneuver Aerodrome n.° 3 (Aeródromo de Manobra n.º 3) or AM3 is co-located within the limits of civilian Porto Santo Airport.

Porto Santo Island
Porto Santo Island (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpoɾtu ˈsɐ̃tu] ⓘ; Portuguese: Ilha do Porto Santo) is a Portuguese island and municipality 43 kilometres (23 nautical miles) northeast of Madeira Island in the North Atlantic Ocean; it is the northernmost and easternmost island of the archipelago of Madeira, located in the Atlantic Ocean west of Europe and Africa.
The municipality of Porto Santo occupies the entire island and small neighbouring islands. It was elevated to city status on 6 August 1996. The sole parish of the municipality is also named Porto Santo. The population in 2011 was 5,483, in an area of 42.59 km2. The main settlement on the island is Vila Baleira.
Dartmouth Conference
The Dartmouth Conference is the longest continuous bilateral dialogue between American and Soviet representatives. The first Dartmouth Conference took place at Dartmouth College in 1961. Subsequent conferences were held through 1990. They were revived in 2014 and continue today. Task forces begun under the auspices of the main conference continued to work after the main conference stopped. The Regional Conflicts Task Force extended the sustained dialogue model, based on the Dartmouth experience, to conflicts in Tajikistan and Nagorno-Karabakh. Dartmouth inspired a number of other dialogues in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, many of them under the auspices of the Sustained Dialogue Institute and the Kettering Foundation.

Yevgeny Primakov
Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov (29 October 1929 – 26 June 2015, Russian pronunciation: [jɪvˈɡʲenʲɪj mɐˈksʲiməvʲɪtɕ prʲɪmɐˈkof]) was a Russian politician and diplomat who served as Prime Minister of Russia from 1998 to 1999. During his long career, he also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1996 to 1998, the Director of Foreign Intelligence from 1991 to 1996, and Speaker of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Primakov was an academician (Arabist) and a member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Ihar Bryshtel
Ihar Uladzimiravich Bryshtel (Belarusian: Ігар Уладзіміравіч Брыштэль; Russian: Игорь Владимирович Бриштель; born 13 July 1987) is a Belarusian beach soccer and occasional association football player who plays as a forward for the Belarus national team.

BSC Kristall
BSC Kristall (Russian: ПФК «Кристалл»), or simply Kristall, is a professional beach soccer team based in St. Petersburg, Russia. Kristall is the most successful Russian club at the Euro Winners Cup, having won four times in 2014, 2015, 2020 and 2021. Kristall are a seven-time Russian Nationals and a five-time Russian Beach Soccer Cup champions. Additionally, the team won the 2nd Russian Super Cup in 2018, defeating arch-rival BSC Lokomotiv.

The club's Brazilian forward, Mauricinho, has described Kristall as the "Real Madrid of beach soccer".
Excess noise ratio
In electronics, excess noise ratio is a characteristic of a noise generator such as a "noise diode", that is used to measure the noise performance of amplifiers. The Y-factor method is a common measurement technique for this purpose.

By using a noise diode, the output noise of an amplifier is measured using two input noise levels, and by measuring the output noise factor (referred to as Y) the noise figure of the amplifier can be determined without having to measure the amplifier gain.

Noise generator
A noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (i.e., a random signal). Noise generators are used to test signals for measuring noise figure, frequency response, and other parameters. Noise generators are also used for generating random numbers.
Party Central
Party Central is a 2013 American animated short film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures and directed by Kelsey Mann. It premiered on August 9, 2013, at the D23 Expo in Anaheim, California and was shown in theaters with Muppets Most Wanted on March 21, 2014. Party Central is the second short in the Monsters, Inc. franchise and takes place shortly after the events of Monsters University. The short involves Mike and Sulley helping their Oozma Kappa fraternity brothers make their party a success. It is the only Monsters, Inc. production to be rated PG by the MPA.

Monsters, Inc. (franchise)
Monsters, Inc. (also known as Monsters, Incorporated and Monsters) is an American media franchise produced by Pixar and owned by the Walt Disney Company. The franchise takes place in a universe parallel to the real world where monsters are the citizens of society and harness the energy of human children to power their cities. The company known as Monsters, Inc. accomplishes this with portal doors which lead to their bedrooms.
Alvis 12/70
The Alvis 12/70 was announced by Alvis cars in 22 September 1937. It was a four-cylinder sports saloon or 4-seater drophead coupé related to the pricier six-cylinder Alvis Silver Crest.

Technical director and chief designer Smith-Clarke was fully occupied with a new factory to make Alvis's Gnome-Rhone radial engines so the 12/70 was designed by George Lanchester and it proved to be his last automobile design.

Alvis Car and Engineering Company
Alvis Car and Engineering Company Ltd was a British manufacturing company in Coventry from 1919 to 1967. In addition to automobiles designed for the civilian market, the company also produced racing cars, aircraft engines, armoured cars, and other armoured fighting vehicles.

Car manufacturing ended after the company became a subsidiary of Rover in 1965, but armoured vehicle manufacture continued. Alvis became part of British Leyland and then in 1982 was sold to United Scientific Holdings, which renamed itself Alvis plc.

In 2023, its successor company began manufacturing the brand’s classic models again.
Inchinnan
Inchinnan (/ɪntʃˈɪnən/; Scottish Gaelic: Innis Fhionghain) is a small village in Renfrewshire, Scotland.  The village is located on the main A8 road between Renfrew and Greenock, just south east of the town of Erskine.

River Cart
The River Cart is a tributary of the River Clyde, Scotland, which it joins from the west roughly midway between the towns of Erskine and Renfrew and opposite the town of Clydebank.

The River Cart itself is very short, being formed from the confluence of the Black Cart Water (from the west) and the White Cart Water (from the south east) and is only 3⁄4 mile (1.2 kilometres) long. The River Cart and its tributary the White Cart Water were navigable as far as the Seedhill Craigs at Paisley; and, as with the River Clyde, various improvements were made to this river navigation.

In 1840 the 1⁄2-mile (800-metre) Forth and Cart Canal was opened, linking the Forth and Clyde Canal, at Whitecrook near Clydebank, to the River Clyde, opposite the mouth of the River Cart.  The aim was to provide a direct link between Paisley, Port Dundas, Edinburgh, and the Firth of Forth.
Paraspadella
Paraspadella is a genus of chaetognaths in the family Spadellidae. Paraspadella was originally considered as Spadella before a revision separated that genus into three genera: Spadella, Paraspadella, and Gephyrospadella, the last of which is now synonymised to Paraspadella. The initial division was based on previous knowledge of three groups of Spadella, in a similar manner in which Sagitta was divided into a family of genera. Paraspadella is differentiated from Spadella by the presence of disparate (digital) adhesive organs, present in the former to various degrees, but entirely absent in the latter.

Spadella
Spadella is a genus of small, transparent marine invertebrates belonging to the family Spadellidae within the phylum Chaetognatha, commonly known as arrow worms. Unlike most chaetognaths, which are pelagic (free-swimming in open water), species of Spadella are benthic, meaning they live near the seafloor and often attach to substrates in shallow marine environments.

The first recorded observation of a Spadella species was made by Busch in 1851, when Spadella cephaloptera was first reported.   However, the genus itself was formally described by Langerhans in 1880, and currently includes several recognized species.

Spadella species play an important role in marine food webs, preying on copepods and other planktonic organisms. They have also been of scientific interest due to their unique evolutionary traits, particularly in the context of bilaterian phylogeny and Hox gene organization, which has led to debates on the evolutionary origins of chaetognaths.