hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mesopotamia (theme)
Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία) was the name of a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) located in what is today eastern Turkey. It should not be confused with the region of Mesopotamia or with the older Roman and early Byzantine province of Mesopotamia. The Byzantine theme was located between the rivers Arsanias (modern Murat) and Çimisgezek.

Theme (Byzantine district)
The themes or thémata (Greek: θέματα, thémata, singular: θέμα, théma) were the main military and administrative divisions of the Byzantine Empire. They were established in the mid-7th century in the aftermath of the Slavic migrations to the Balkans and Muslim conquests of parts of Eastern Roman territory, and replaced the earlier ancient provincial system established by Diocletian and Constantine the Great. In their origin, the first themes were created from the areas of encampment of the field armies of the East Roman army, and their names corresponded to the military units that had existed in those areas. The theme system reached its apogee in the 9th and 10th centuries, as older themes were split up and the conquest of territory resulted in the creation of new ones. The original theme system underwent significant changes in the 11th and 12th centuries, but the term remained in use as a provincial and financial circumscription until the very end of the Empire.
Al-Muzaffar I Umar
Al-Muzaffar Taqi al-Din Umar (Arabic: المظفر تقي الدين عمر) (died 1191) was the Ayyubid prince of Hama from 1179 to 1191 and a general of Saladin. He was the son of Saladin's brother Nur ad-Din Shahanshah, and brother of Farrukh Shah of Baalbek.

Nur ad-Din Shahanshah
Emir Nur Al-Dawla Shahanshah ibn Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb ibn Shādhi ibn Marwan, or simply Shahanshah, was the eldest son of the Kurdish mercenary Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb, thus brother of Saladin and military commander of Zengid Emirate. He was the father of Farrukh Shah and Al-Muzaffar I Umar.

Shahanshah who was emir of Baalbek was killed in an engagement against the crusaders during the Siege of Damascus in 1148.
Tyburn Brook
Tyburn Brook was a small tributary stream to the West Bourne or Westbourne and ran mainly in Hyde Park for a few hundred metres south by south-west. It has lost its catchment to natural drainage into the gravelly topsoil and to surface water, foul and in early Victorian style combined sewers (mixing both types of water) and its small collect, its source remains beneath the earth to feed into a mixture of these. The Serpentine, having been the Westbourne's main showing is now fed by three boreholes instead. It is not to be confused with the much longer Tyburn, Ty Bourne or River Tyburn, but frequently was confused until the early 19th century as both were well west of the walls of the City of London.

River Tyburn
The River Tyburn was a stream (bourn) in London, England. Its main successor sewers emulate its main courses, but it resembled the Colne in its county of Middlesex in that it had many distributaries (inland mouths). It ran from South Hampstead, through Marylebone, Mayfair, St James's parish/district and Green Park to meet the tidal Thames at four sites, grouped into pairs. These pairs were near Whitehall Stairs (east of Downing Street), and by Thorney Street, between Millbank Tower and Thames House. Its much smaller cousin, the Tyburn Brook, was a tributary of the Westbourne and the next Thames tributary (west, on the north bank).
Carimate
Carimate (Brianzöö: Carimaa [kariˈmaː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Como. As of 9 September 2025, it had a population of 4,366 and an area of 5.2 square kilometres (2.0 mi2).

The municipality of Carimate contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Cascina Valle-Stazione di Carimate and Montesolaro.

Carimate borders the following municipalities: Cantù, Cermenate, Figino Serenza, Lentate sul Seveso, Novedrate.

Carimate is served by Carimate railway station. One of the landmarks is the hotel and former castle, Castello di Carimate.

Among the local churches is the parish church of San Giorgio e dell'Immacolata Concezione.

Novedrate
Novedrate (Brianzöö: Novedraa [nuʋeˈdraː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,950 and an area of 2.8 km².
Blyth's reticulated snake
Blythia reticulata, commonly known as Blyth's reticulate snake, Blyth's reticulated snake, or the iridescent snake, is a species of snake in the subfamily Natricinae of the family Colubridae of the superfamily Colubroidea. The species is endemic to Asia.

Edward Blyth
Edward Blyth (23 December 1810 – 27 December 1873) was an English zoologist who worked for most of his life in India as a curator of zoology at the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He catalogued the specimens in the collection in his Catalogue of the Birds of the Asiatic Society in 1849. He did not collect specimens himself but received and described bird specimens from A.O. Hume, Samuel Tickell, Robert Swinhoe among others. His Natural History of the Cranes was published posthumously in 1881.
Intragna, Piedmont
Intragna is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Turin and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northeast of Verbania. As of January 1st, 2017, it had a population of 106 and an area of 9.9 square kilometres (3.8 sq mi).

Intragna borders the following municipalities: Aurano, Caprezzo, Miazzina, Premeno, Vignone.

Vignone
Vignone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Turin and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northeast of Verbania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,150 and an area of 3.5 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi).

Vignone borders the following municipalities: Arizzano, Bee, Cambiasca, Caprezzo, Intragna, Premeno, Verbania.
Earth Observing-3
Earth Observing 3 (EO3) was a proposed joint mission between NASA New Millennium Program and the US Navy's Office of Naval Research. Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer — Indian Ocean METOC Imager (GIFTS-IOMI) was the instrument selected by NASA to perform as EO3's latest weather satellite observing instrument. The EO3 project ended with the cancellation of NMP in 2008.

New Millennium Program
New Millennium Program (NMP) was a NASA project with focus on engineering validation of new technologies for space applications. Funding for the program was eliminated from the FY2009 budget by the 110th United States Congress, effectively leading to its cancellation.

The spacecraft in the New Millennium Program were originally named "Deep Space" (for missions demonstrating technology for planetary missions) and "Earth Observing" (for missions demonstrating technology for Earth orbiting missions).  With a refocussing of the program in 2000, the Deep Space series was renamed "Space Technology".
Olympic Order
The Olympic Order, established in 1975, is the highest award of the Olympic Movement. It is awarded for particularly distinguished contributions to the Olympic Movement, i.e. recognition of efforts worthy of merit in the cause of sport. Traditionally, the IOC bestows the Olympic Order upon the chief national organiser(s) at the closing ceremony of each respective Olympic Games.

Olympic Diploma of Merit
The Olympic Diploma of Merit was an award given by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to recognise outstanding services to sports or a notable contribution to the Olympic Games. By 1974, the last time the awards were granted, just 58 people had received the award.
Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.

Kizzuwatna
Kizzuwatna (Hittite: 𒆳𒌷𒆠𒄑𒍪𒉿𒀜𒈾) was an ancient Anatolian kingdom attested in written sources from the end of the 16th century BC onwards. Although its origins remain obscure, the Middle Bronze Age in Cilicia (ca. 2000–1550 BC) may be regarded as its possible formative period. Kizzuwatna was situated primarily in the Cilician Plain of southeastern Anatolia, near the Gulf of İskenderun, in modern-day Turkey. It was bounded by the Central Taurus Mountains and the Amanus Mountains. The centre of the kingdom was the city of Kummanni, located in the highlands.
Keiretsu
A keiretsu (Japanese: 系列; literally system, series, grouping of enterprises, order of succession) is a set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholdings that dominated the Japanese economy in the second half of the 20th century. In the legal sense, it is a type of business group that is in a loosely organized alliance within Japan's business community. It rose up to replace the zaibatsu system that was dissolved in the occupation of Japan following the Second World War. Though their influence has shrunk since the late 20th century, they continue to be important forces in Japan's economy in the early 21st century.

The members' companies own small portions of the shares in each other's companies, centered on a core bank; this system helps insulate each company from stock market fluctuations and takeover attempts, thus enabling long-term planning in projects.

Corporate group
A corporate group, company group or business group, also formally known as a group of companies, is a collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control. These types of groups are often managed by an account manager. The concept of a group is frequently used in tax law and accounting and (less frequently) company law to attribute the rights and duties of one member of the group to another or the whole. If the corporations are engaged in entirely different businesses, the group is called a conglomerate. The forming of corporate groups usually involves consolidation via mergers and acquisitions, although the group concept focuses on the instances in which the merged and acquired corporate entities remain in existence rather than the instances in which they are dissolved by the parent. The group may be owned by a holding company which may have no actual operations.
USS Burlington (PF-51)
USS Burlington (PF-51) was a Tacoma-class frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1952, the only United States Navy ship thus far to have been named for Burlington, Iowa. She also served in the Soviet Navy as EK-21 and in the Colombian National Armada as ARC Almirante Brión (F 14).

Burlington, Iowa
Burlington is a city in and the county seat of Des Moines County, Iowa, United States. The population was 23,982 in the 2020 census, a decline from the 26,839 population in 2000. Burlington is the center of a micropolitan area, which includes West Burlington and Middletown, Iowa, and Gulfport, Illinois. Burlington is the home of Snake Alley, the crookedest street on earth.
WSB-TV tower
The WSB-TV tower is a 327.6-meter (1,075 ft) guyed mast broadcast tower in the Old Fourth Ward neighborhood of Atlanta, Georgia, immediately adjacent to Freedom Parkway and the Historic Fourth Ward Park skate park. The tower was built in 1950 (1950), and at its completion was the tallest guyed mast tower in the United States. It has a triangular cross section.

This tower is so close to Freedom Parkway that one of its three sets of guy wires goes over the road, which was built under the tower system in the 1990s. To protect against falling ice during and after freezing rain in winter, the roadway is covered with a sturdy bridge-like structure at this point.

Old Fourth Ward
The Old Fourth Ward, often abbreviated O4W, is a historic intown neighborhood on the eastside of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The neighborhood is best known as the location of the Martin Luther King Jr. historic site.
Schizasteridae
Schizasteridae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Spatangoida.

Genera:

Abatus Troschel, 1851

Aceste Thomson, 1877

Aguayoaster Sanchez Roig, 1952 †

Aliaster Valdinucci, 1975 †

Brachybrissus Pomel, 1883 †

Brisaster Gray, 1855

Caribbaster Kier, 1984 †

Cestobrissus Lambert, 1912 †

Diploporaster Mortensen, 1950

Gregoryaster Lambert, 1907 †

Hemifaorina Jeannet & Martin, 1937 †

Hypselaster H.L. Clark, 1917

Lambertona Sanchez-Roig, 1953 †

Linthia Desor, 1853 †

Moira A. Agassiz, 1872

Moiropsis A. Agassiz, 1881

Opissaster Pomel, 1883 †

Ova Gray, 1825

Protenaster Pomel, 1883

Prymnaster Koehler, 1914

Schizaster L. Agassiz, 1835

Schizopneustes Thiéry, 1907 †

Tripylaster Mortensen, 1907

Aceste
Aceste is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Schizasteridae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Aceste bellidifera Thomson, 1877

Aceste ovata A.Agassiz & H.L.Clark, 1907

Aceste weberi Koehler, 1914
Jewish cemetery, Lucena
The Jewish necropolis of Lucena is a Jewish cemetery in Lucena, Spain. It was excavated in 2006 and has gravestones that date to as early as the 8th century CE. With 346 catalogued graves, it is the largest Jewish cemetery ever discovered in Spain.

Lucena, Córdoba
Lucena (Spanish pronunciation: [luˈθena]) is a municipality of Spain belonging to the province of Córdoba, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the second-most populated municipality in the province.

A major Jewish centre from the 9th to the 12th centuries, Lucena was remarked for having a Jewish-majority population.
Jennifer English
Jennifer English is an English actress best known for her voice work in video games. Her roles include Latenna the Albinauric in Elden Ring (2022), Shadowheart in Baldur's Gate 3 (2023), Carlotta in Wuthering Waves (2024) and Maelle in Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 (2025).

Her portrayal of Maelle in Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 earned her the award for "Best Performance" at The Game Awards 2025 and the "Best Lead Performer" award at the Golden Joystick Awards 2025, along with a nomination for "Outstanding Achievement in Character" at the 29th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards. English had also been, in the previous year, listed among the twenty BAFTA "2024 UK Breakthrough" talents in recognition of her work in Baldur's Gate 3.

Wuthering Waves
Wuthering Waves (Chinese: 鸣潮; pinyin: Míng Cháo; lit. 'Sound Tide') is a 2024 free-to-play open world gacha action role-playing game developed and published by Kuro Games.

First revealed on March 23, 2022, it was initially inspired by Death Stranding with the aim to create a post-apocalyptic world where players can experience the fusion of new and old civilizations. The game development also draws inspiration from various sources, including Punishing: Gray Raven for its combat mechanics, as well as the Pokémon games for its echo system. Wuthering Waves has been compared to other titles of the genre such as Genshin Impact, but aims to place greater emphasis on its combat system compared to its predecessors. The game was released for Android, iOS and Windows devices on May 23 (May 22 in the United States), 2024 followed by PlayStation 5 in January 2025, and macOS in March 2025.
Glico Morinaga case
The Glico Morinaga case (グリコ・森永事件, Guriko, Morinaga jiken), also known by its official designation Metropolitan Designated Case 114 (警察庁広域重要指定第114号事件, Keisatsuchō kōiki jūyō shitei dai-hyakujūyongō jiken), was a famous extortion case from 1984 to 1985 in Japan, primarily directed at the Japanese industrial confectioneries Ezaki Glico and Morinaga, and it remains unsolved. The entire case spanned 17 months from the initial kidnapping of the president of Glico to the last known communication from the prime suspect, a person or group known only as "The Monster with 21 Faces".

Morinaga & Company
Morinaga & Company, Ltd. (森永製菓株式会社, Morinaga Seika Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese confectionery company headquartered in Tokyo, and founded in 1899. Their products include candy, such as Hi-Chew, and other confectioneries.

Morinaga is loosely affiliated with Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., a public company in which Morinaga & Company holds 10.34% of the stock.
Jeepster Records
Jeepster Records is an English, London-based independent record label, founded in 1995, and specializing in British indie and alternative bands, particularly Glasgow-based acts. It is most notable for its signing of Belle and Sebastian and Snow Patrol.

Looper (band)
Looper are a Scottish electronic music group fronted by Belle and Sebastian co-founder Stuart David.

They have been credited with originating two distinct musical genres- Folk Hop, and Horror Pop (later termed Noir'n'B or Switchblade Pop)

The band formed in 1998 for a show at the Glasgow School of Art and released their first single "Impossible Things" on the Subpop label a few months later.

They have released six albums, Up a Tree (1999), The Geometrid (2000), The Snare (2002), Offgrid:Offline (2015), Quiet & Small (2018), A Luminous Place (2023) and a 5-CD box set These Things (2015), as well as a series of EPs titled The MP3 EPs
Hildesheim (district)
Hildesheim is a district (Landkreis)  in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Hanover, Peine, Wolfenbüttel, Goslar, Northeim, Holzminden and Hameln-Pyrmont.

Wolfenbüttel (district)
Wolfenbüttel is a district in southeastern Lower Saxony, Germany. Neighboring districts are (clockwise from the north) the district-free City of Braunschweig, the district of Helmstedt, the district of Harz in Saxony-Anhalt, and the districts of Goslar, Hildesheim and Peine. The district-free city of Salzgitter cuts through the district of Wolfenbüttel in the southwest.
Subbase (pavement)
In highway engineering, subbase is the layer of aggregate material laid on the subgrade, on which the base course layer is located. It may be omitted when there will be only foot traffic on the pavement, but it is necessary for surfaces used by vehicles.

Subbase is often the main load-bearing layer of the pavement. Its role is to spread the load evenly over the subgrade. The materials used may be either unbound granular, or cement-bound. Subbase is often abberevated as the GSB (Granular Sub-Base).

Highway engineering
Highway engineering is a professional engineering discipline branching from the civil engineering subdiscipline of transportation engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, highways, streets, bridges, and tunnels. Highway engineering became prominent towards the latter half of the 20th century after World War II. Standards of highway engineering are continuously being improved. Highway engineers must take into account future traffic flows, design of highway intersections/interchanges, geometric alignment and design, highway pavement materials and design, structural design of pavement thickness, and pavement maintenance.
Amplified Bible
The Amplified Bible (AMP) is an English language translation of the Bible produced jointly by Zondervan and The Lockman Foundation. The first edition as a complete volume was published in 1965. "Amplifications" are words or phrases intended to more fully bring out the meaning of the original text but distinguished from the translation itself by a unique system of brackets, parentheses, and italics. The translation is largely one of formal equivalence (word-for-word).

Bible translations into English
More than 100 complete translations of the Bible into English languages  have been produced.
Translations of Biblical books, especially passages read in the Liturgy can be traced back to the late 7th century, including translations into Old and Middle English.
Wilson Worsdell
Wilson Worsdell (7 September 1850 – 14 April 1920) was an English locomotive engineer who was locomotive superintendent of the North Eastern Railway from 1890 to 1910. He was the younger brother of T.W. Worsdell. Wilson was born at Monks Coppenhall, near Crewe on 7 September 1850 to Nathaniel and Mary Worsdell; he was their tenth child and fourth son. In 1860 he was sent as a boarder to Ackworth, a Quaker school in Yorkshire.

NER Class M1
The North Eastern Railway Class M1 (LNER Class D17/1) is a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive, designed by Wilson Worsdell. 20 initial engines were built, then 30 further units were built, designated Class Q (LNER Class D17/2).
Loren Parks
Loren Ernest Parks (July 27, 1926 – October 13, 2023) was an American businessman from the state of Nevada. He previously lived in Oregon, from 1957 to 2002, and was the biggest political contributor in the history of that state. He financed numerous ballot measure initiative petitions and campaigns from the mid-1990s. He also contributed heavily to races for prominent offices by his attorney, Kevin Mannix, a frequent chief petitioner of ballot campaigns.

Bill Sizemore
Bill Sizemore (born June 2, 1951) is an American political activist and writer in Redmond, Oregon, United States. Sizemore has never held elected office, but has nonetheless been a major political figure in Oregon since the 1990s. He is considered one of the main proponents of the Oregon tax revolt, a movement that seeks to reduce taxes in the state. Oregon Taxpayers United, a political action committee he founded in 1993, has advanced numerous ballot initiatives limiting taxation, and has opposed spending initiatives. Sizemore made an unsuccessful run for Governor of Oregon in 1998. He also announced his intention to run for governor in 2010, but was indicted by the state on charges of tax evasion.  The charges were later amended to failure to file tax returns.
Metal hydride fuel cell
Metal hydride fuel cells are a subclass of alkaline fuel cells that have been under research and development, as well as scaled up successfully in operating systems. A notable feature is their ability to chemically bond and store hydrogen within the fuel cell itself.

Alkaline fuel cell
The alkaline fuel cell (AFC), also known as the Bacon fuel cell after its British inventor, Francis Thomas Bacon, is one of the most developed fuel cell technologies. Alkaline fuel cells consume hydrogen and pure oxygen, to produce potable water, heat, and electricity. They are among the most efficient fuel cells, having the potential to reach 70%.

NASA has used alkaline fuel cells since the mid-1960s, in the Apollo-series missions and on the Space Shuttle.
Sør-Odal Municipality
Sør-Odal is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Odalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Skarnes. Other villages in Sør-Odal include Disenå, Galterud, and Sander.

The 517-square-kilometre (200 sq mi) municipality is the 206th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Sør-Odal Municipality is the 132nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,150. The municipality's population density is 15.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (41/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Galterud
Galterud is a small village in Sør-Odal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the south side of the river Glomma, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of the town of Kongsvinger and about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southeast of the village of Sander.

The Kongsvingerbanen railway runs through the village, stopping at Galterud Station.

Arons Hule (lit. 'Arons Cave') is a tourist attraction located south of Galterud.