hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Clifton (1861)
USS Clifton was a shallow-draft side-wheel paddle steamer, built in 1861 at Brooklyn, as a civilian ferry. The Union Navy bought her early that December, and commissioned her after having her converted into a gunboat. In 1863 she ran aground, was captured and commissioned into the Texas Marine Department. Her career ended in 1864 when she ran aground and her Confederate crew burned her to prevent her recapture.

Texas Marine Department
The Texas Marine Department (1861–1865) (alt Marine Department of Military District of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, Trans-Mississippi Marine Department) was formed in the State of Texas shortly after Texas came under blockade from the Union Navy in 1861.  It operated under the control of the Confederate Navy during the Civil War.

"The Texas Marine Department, an organization unique in the Confederacy, combined the roles of a conventional navy, revenue service, and military logistics command."

The ships in the Marine Department mainly consisted of small vessels, improvised cottonclad warships, and some captured US Navy ships.

The Department was instrumental in the liberation of Galveston, occupied by the Union, and winning the Battle of Galveston on January 1, 1863.   It was disbanded at the end of the war.
Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project
The Kaladan Road Project (Burmese: ကုလားတန်မြစ်ကြောင်း ဘက်စုံဖွံ့ဖြိုးရေး စီမံကိန်း) is an international transport project connecting the eastern Indian seaport of Kolkata with Sittwe seaport in Rakhine State, Myanmar by sea. In Myanmar, it will then link Sittwe seaport to Paletwa in Chin State via the Kaladan river boat route, and then from Paletwa by road to Mizoram state in Northeast India. All components of the project, including Sittwe port and power, river dredging, and Paletwa jetty, have been completed, except the under construction Zorinpui-Paletwa road. Originally, the project was scheduled to be completed by 2014; after this deadline was missed, the project was expected to be fully operational by December 2023. With further delays, however, India declared in July 2025 that the entire project would be operational only by 2027.

Rakhine State
Rakhine State (/rəˈkaɪn/ ⓘ rə-KYN; Burmese: ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်, MLCTS: ra.hkuing pranynai, pronounced [jəkʰàiɰ̃ pjìnɛ̀]; Rakhine pronunciation: [ɹəkʰàiɰ̃ pɹènè]), formerly known as Arakan State, is a state in Myanmar (Burma). Situated on the western coast, it is bordered by Chin State to the north, Magway Region, Bago Region and Ayeyarwady Region to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Chattogram Division of Bangladesh to the northwest. The north–south Arakan Mountains or Rakhine Yoma separate Rakhine State from central Myanmar. Off the coast of Rakhine State there are some fairly large islands such as Ramree, Cheduba and Myingun. Rakhine State has an area of 36,762 square kilometres (14,194 sq mi) and its capital is Sittwe (formerly known as Akyab).

As of November 2025, the Arakan Army which is the armed wing of the ethnic Rakhine, maintains de facto control over approximately 90 percent of the state, including 14 of its 17 townships.
Four Saxophones in Twelve Tones
Four Saxophones in Twelve Tones is an album by composer/arranger Lyle Murphy recorded in 1954 and released on the GNP label. This was the first recording utilizing Murphy's own 12-tone system of composition.

Spud Murphy
Miko Stephanovic (August 19, 1908 – August 5, 2005), better known as Lyle 'Spud' Murphy, was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist, bandleader, and arranger. He studied clarinet and trumpet, and has been recorded playing the oboe, among other jazz instruments.
XZ Utils
XZ Utils (previously LZMA Utils) is a set of free software command-line lossless data compressors, including the programs lzma and xz, for Unix-like operating systems and, from version 5.0 onwards, Microsoft Windows. For compression/decompression the Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm (LZMA) is used. XZ Utils started as a Unix port of Igor Pavlov's LZMA-SDK that has been adapted to fit seamlessly into Unix environments and their usual structure and behavior.

Zstd
Zstandard is a lossless data compression algorithm developed by Yann Collet at Facebook. Zstd is the corresponding reference implementation in C, released as open-source software on 31 August 2016.

The algorithm was published in 2018 as RFC 8478, which also defines an associated media type "application/zstd", filename extension "zst", and HTTP content encoding "zstd".
Coastal Carolina Chanticleers football
The Coastal Carolina Chanticleers football team represents Coastal Carolina University in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. The Chanticleers are members of the Sun Belt Conference, fielding its teams at the FBS level since 2017. The Chanticleers play their home games at James C. Benton Field at Brooks Stadium in Conway, South Carolina, United States.

Their head coach is Ryan Beard, who was hired following the firing of Tim Beck.

Tim Beck (American football, born 1966)
Tim Beck (born March 14, 1966) is an American football coach and former player who is the offensive coordinator for South Florida. Beck previously served as the head football coach at Coastal Carolina University.
South African Defence Review 2012
The South African Defence Review of 2012 was a policy review conducted by a panel of experts and chaired by retired politician and former Minister of Defence, Roelf Meyer. The review was commissioned by Lindiwe Sisulu the then Minister of Defence and Military Veterans, in July 2011. The review was motivated by the need to correct errors and shortcomings of the previous review.

Roelf Meyer
Roelof Petrus Meyer GCOB (born 16 July 1947) is a South African politician and businessman. A Member of Parliament between 1979 and 1997, he was the chief negotiator for the National Party government during the negotiations to end apartheid. He later co-founded the United Democratic Movement.

During his time in Parliament, Meyer served in the governments of three successive presidents: P. W. Botha, F. W. de Klerk, and Nelson Mandela. After resigning from the National Party in 1997, he co-founded the United Democratic Movement with Bantu Holomisa. He returned briefly to Parliament between 1999 and 2000 before retiring from frontline politics in January 2000.
Peter Debye
Peter Joseph William Debye ForMemRS (/dɪˈbaɪ/ dib-EYE; born Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debije, Dutch: [ˈpeːtrʏz dəˈbɛiə]; March 24, 1884 – November 2, 1966) was a Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist, and Nobel laureate in Chemistry.

Arnold Sommerfeld
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld (German: [ˈaʁnɔlt ˈzɔmɐˌfɛlt]; 5 December 1868 – 26 April 1951) was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in both atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and mentored many students for the new era of theoretical physics.

Sommerfeld served as doctoral advisor and postdoctoral advisor to seven Nobel Prize winners and supervised at least 30 other famous physicists and chemists.

Sommerfeld introduced the second quantum number, azimuthal quantum number, and the third quantum number, magnetic quantum number. He also introduced the fine-structure constant and pioneered X-ray wave theory.
2000 NHL entry draft
The 2000 NHL entry draft was the 38th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 24 and 25, 2000, at the Pengrowth Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, following the 2000 NHL expansion draft on June 23 for the Columbus Blue Jackets and Minnesota Wild. This was the second NHL Entry Draft in which a goaltender was taken first overall (at that point), when the New York Islanders selected Rick DiPietro with the first overall pick. Previously, Michel Plasse was selected first overall in the 1968 NHL amateur draft.

12 players from this draft have won one or more Stanley Cup in their careers: Justin Williams, Ron Hainsey, Antoine Vermette, Marian Gaborik, Brooks Orpik, Niklas Kronwall, Travis Moen, Niclas Wallin, Mike Rupp, Andreas Lilja, Tomas Kopecky, and Ilya Bryzgalov.

The last active players in the NHL from this draft class were Deryk Engelland, Ron Hainsey, Henrik Lundqvist and Justin Williams, who all played their last NHL games in the 2019–20 season.

Justin Williams
Justin Craig Williams (born October 4, 1981) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Philadelphia Flyers, Carolina Hurricanes, Los Angeles Kings, and Washington Capitals.

Williams won the Stanley Cup three times: in 2006 with the Hurricanes and in 2012 and 2014 with the Kings. Nicknamed "Mr. Game 7", Williams played nine game seven playoff games in his NHL career, with his team sporting a 8–1 record in these games. He currently is tied for most goals in these games with Glenn Anderson at seven, and has the outright record for most game seven points, with 15. Williams won the Conn Smythe Trophy as most valuable player of the playoffs in 2014 with the Kings.
Afzal Khan (British politician)
Mohammed Afzal Khan, CBE (Punjabi, Urdu: محمد افضل خان; born 5 April 1958) is a British Labour Party politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Manchester Rusholme, previously Manchester Gorton, since 2017.

He was formerly Lord Mayor of Manchester for 2005–2006, and served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for North West England from 2014 to 2017.

Manchester Rusholme
Manchester Rusholme is a parliamentary constituency centred on the Rusholme district of Manchester.  It returns one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system. Since 2024, it has been represented by the Labour Party's Afzal Khan, who was MP for Manchester Gorton from 2017 to 2024.
Eric Byrne
Eric Joseph Byrne (born 21 April 1947) is an Irish former Labour Party politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin South-Central constituency from 1989 to 1992, 1994 to 1997 and 2011 to 2016.

He was formerly a member of Official Sinn Féin, the Workers' Party and Democratic Left.

Dublin South-Central
Dublin South-Central is a parliamentary constituency in Dublin City represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects four deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Shire of Swan Hill
The Shire of Swan Hill was a local government area in north-western Victoria, Australia, along the Murray River. The shire covered an area of 6,550 square kilometres (2,529.0 sq mi), and existed from 1893 until 1995. From 1939 onwards, Swan Hill itself was managed by a separate entity; the City of Swan Hill. After a large-scale statewide amalgamation program by the Victorian Government in 1994–1995, they were reunited under the Rural City of Swan Hill.

Rural City of Swan Hill
The Rural City of Swan Hill is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the north-western part of the state. It covers an area of 6,115 square kilometres (2,361 sq mi) and, in August 2021, had a population of 21,403. It includes the towns of Swan Hill, Lake Boga, Manangatang, Nyah, Nyah West, Piangil, Robinvale, Ultima and Woorinen South.

The Rural City is governed and administered by the Swan Hill Rural City Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Swan Hill, it also has a service centre located in Robinvale. The Rural City is named after the main urban settlement lying in the south-east of the LGA, that is Swan Hill, which is also the LGA's most populous urban centre with a population of 10,431.
Mimi Rogers
Miriam Ann Rogers (née Spickler; born January 27, 1956) is an American actress.

Her notable film roles are Gung Ho (1986), Someone to Watch Over Me (1987), Desperate Hours (1990), and Full Body Massage (1995). She garnered the greatest acclaim of her career for her role in the religious drama The Rapture (1991), with critic Robin Wood declaring that she "gave one of the greatest performances in the history of the Hollywood cinema." Rogers has since appeared in Reflections on a Crime (1994), The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996), Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (1997), Lost in Space (1998), Ginger Snaps (2000), The Door in the Floor (2004), and For a Good Time, Call... (2012).

Her work in television includes Paper Dolls (1984), Weapons of Mass Distraction (1997), The Loop (2006–2007), and recurring roles on The X-Files (1998–1999), Two and a Half Men (2011–2015), Wilfred (2014), Mad Men (2015), Bosch (2014–2021), and Bosch: Legacy (2022).

The Door in the Floor
The Door in the Floor is a 2004 American psychological drama film written and directed by Tod Williams, and starring Jeff Bridges, Kim Basinger, Jon Foster, and Bijou Phillips. It follows a writer (Bridges) and his wife (Basinger) whose familial structure begins disintegrating after he hires an assistant (Foster) who resembles one of the couple's recently-deceased sons. Elle Fanning, Mimi Rogers, and Robert LuPone appear in supporting roles.

The screenplay is based on the first third of the 1998 novel A Widow for One Year by John Irving.
Louis Aubert (painter)
Louis Aubert, called le Fils, (15 May 1720, in Paris – c. 1800) was an 18th-century French painter and composer, active from 1740 to 1780. The violinist and composer Jacques Aubert was his father and Abbé Aubert (1731–1814) his brother.

Jacques Aubert
Jacques Aubert (30 September 1689 – 19 May 1753), also known as Jacques Aubert le Vieux (Jacques Aubert the Elder), was a French composer and violinist of the Baroque period. From 1727 to 1746, he was a member of the Vingt-quatre Violons du Roy; from 1728 to 1752, he was the first violinist with the Paris Opera orchestra; and from 1729 to 1740, he frequently and successfully appeared as a soloist with the Concert Spirituel, performing, among other works, concertos for violin and orchestra of his own composition.
Gilly Flaherty
Gilly Louise Scarlett Flaherty (born 24 August 1991) is an English former footballer and who played as a centre-back.

Flaherty began her career in the youth teams of Millwall Lionesses and Arsenal, and made her debut for the Arsenal Ladies senior team in 2006. She later played in the Women's Super League for Chelsea Women, West Ham United Ladies and Liverpool Women. Flaherty represented England at youth level before making her senior debut in October 2015.

Flaherty previously held the record for the most appearances in the Women's Super League, playing in her record-breaking 176th game in November 2022 to overtake previous holder Jill Scott. She announced her retirement from football halfway through the 2022–23 WSL season.

West Ham United F.C. Women
West Ham United Women Football Club is an English women's football club affiliated with West Ham United. The club plays in the Women's Super League, the top tier of English women's football. They were formed in 1991 and play home games at Dagenham & Redbridge's Chigwell Construction Stadium on Victoria Road.
Ultra-Lightweight TT
The Ultra-Lightweight TT was a motorcycle road race that took place during the Isle of Man TT festival, an annual event at the end of May and beginning of June. Between 1951 and 1974 this race was part of the Grand Prix motorcycle racing season at world-level, representing the British round. The Ultra-Lightweight TT and the Lightweight TT races were both dropped from the 2005 Isle of Man TT race calendar due to lack of entries, but were later reinstated to the 2008 and 2009 TT race schedules held on the 4.25 mi (6.84 km) Billown Circuit.

Billown Circuit
The Billown Circuit is a motorcycle road-race course used for the Southern 100, the Pre-TT Classic races and the National Road Races meetings near Castletown on the Isle of Man. Racing is held on public roads closed for racing by an Act of Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man.

The course is 4.25 miles (6.8 km) long and is in the parishes of Arbory and Malew. The course start-line is on the outskirts of Castletown and the course includes parts of the primary A5 New Castletown Road, the A28 Castletown to Ballabeg road, the A7 Ballasalla to Port Erin road and the A3 Castletown to Ramsey road.
Gregory of Sinai
Gregory of Sinai, or in Serbian and Bulgarian Grigorije Sinaita (c. 1260s – 27 November 1346), was a Greek Christian monk and writer from Smyrna. He was instrumental in the emergence of hesychasm on Mount Athos in the early 14th century.

Hesychasm
Hesychasm (/ˈhɛsɪkæzəm, ˈhɛzɪ-/) is a contemplative monastic tradition in the Eastern Christian traditions of the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches in which stillness (hēsychia) is sought through uninterrupted Jesus prayer. While rooted in early Christian monasticism, it took its definitive form in the 14th century at Mount Athos.
Soviet destroyer Serdity (1940)
Serdity (Russian: Сердитый, lit. 'Enraged') was one of 18 Storozhevoy-class destroyers (officially known as Project 7U) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Although she began construction as a Project 7 Gnevny-class destroyer, Serdity was completed in 1940 to the modified Project 7U design.

Serving with the Baltic Fleet, she participated in minelaying operations after the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) in June 1941. Serdity engaged German minesweepers in the Irbe Strait on 6 July without result, and on 18 July was damaged by a friendly air attack. While anchored off Hiiumaa the following day, she was sunk by German bombers. Her survivors were taken off by other destroyers and what remained of the ship was broken up for scrap postwar.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
Reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive surgery is surgery performed to restore normal appearance and function to body parts malformed by a disease, medical condition, or injury. The field of reconstructive surgery includes a wide range of sub-specialties including plastic surgery, craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, reconstructive microsurgery, and surgical treatment of burns and scars.

Microsurgery
Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves (typically 1 mm in diameter) which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-attachment of severed parts. Microsurgical techniques are utilized by several specialties today, such as general surgery, ophthalmology, orthopedic surgery, gynecological surgery, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, endodontic microsurgery, plastic surgery, podiatric surgery  and pediatric surgery.
Black Light Syndrome
Black Light Syndrome is the first studio album by the supergroup Bozzio Levin Stevens, released on July 15, 1997 through Magna Carta Records. The trio consists of drummer Terry Bozzio, bassist Tony Levin and guitarist Steve Stevens, all known for their work in jazz, rock and other styles. Black Light Syndrome consists of seven original instrumentals, largely improvised in the studio.

Terry Bozzio
Terry John Bozzio (born December 27, 1950) is an American drummer best known for his work with Missing Persons, U.K., and Frank Zappa. He has been featured on nine solo or collaborative albums, 26 albums with Zappa and five albums with Missing Persons. Bozzio has been a prolific sideman, playing on numerous releases by other artists since the mid-1970s. He was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1997.
Peshmerga Hawler SC
Peshmerga Hawler Sport Club (Kurdish: یانەی وەرزشی پێشمەرگەی هەولێر; Arabic: نادي بيشمركة أربيل الرياضي) is an Iraqi football team based in Erbil, that plays in Iraqi Third Division League and Kurdistan Premier League.

Kurdistan Premier League
The Kurdistan Premier League (Kurdish: خولی نایابی کوردستان, romanized: Xûlî Nayabî Kurdistan) is the foremost association football league in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, above the Kurdistan First Division (Kurdish: خولی پلە یەکی کوردستان, romanized: Xûlî pile yekî Kurdistan) and Kurdish Second Division (Kurdish خولی پلە دووی کوردستان, romanized: Xûlî pîle dûy Kurdistan). It is overseen by the  Kurdistan Football Association. The league is not officially recognized by FIFA or any of its confederations, therefore cannot compete in their continental or intercontinental competitions. The season runs from August and finishes in May, with each playing twenty eight matches each. During the season, clubs compete for the Kurdistan Cup, which follows with the Kurdistan Super Cup, a contest held between league winners and the cup winners.

The current champion is Sherwana SC, who won the title for the first time in history.
Victoria Winters
Victoria "Vicki" Winters is a fictional character from the television Gothic soap opera Dark Shadows and its remakes of the same name. The role was originated by Alexandra Moltke on the ABC series from 1966 to 1968. After Moltke left to raise a family in 1968, actresses Betsy Durkin and Carolyn Groves briefly replaced her, for 10 episodes and 3 episodes respectively, before Victoria was written out completely. Jaclyn Smith, who was married to Dark Shadows actor Roger Davis at the time, was offered the role when Moltke left the show, but she declined.

In the 1991 Dark Shadows series, which aired on NBC, actress Joanna Going assumed the part. The character was subsequently portrayed by Marley Shelton in the 2004 series. In the Dark Shadows film, Victoria is played by Bella Heathcote. A good-natured governess with a mysterious past, she is the de facto female lead in the various incarnations of the story.

Bella Heathcote
Isabella Heathcote (born c. 1987) is an Australian actress. Following her film debut in Acolytes (2008), she had a recurring role as Amanda Fowler on the television soap opera Neighbours (2009). She gained further recognition for her dual roles as Victoria Winters and Josette du Pres in the dark fantasy film Dark Shadows (2012), and Olive Byrne in the biographical drama film Professor Marston and the Wonder Women (2017).

Heathcote has since appeared in several films, including In Time (2011), Pride and Prejudice and Zombies, The Neon Demon (both 2016), Fifty Shades Darker (2017), and Relic (2020). On television, she played Nicole Dörmer on the second and third seasons of the Amazon Prime Video dystopian alternate history series The Man in the High Castle (2016–18), Susan Parsons on the Paramount+ historical  drama series Strange Angel (2018–19), and Andy Oliver in the Netflix drama thriller series Pieces of Her (2022).