hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eddie O'Hara (politician)
Edward O'Hara (1 October 1937 – 28 May 2016) was a British Labour politician who became Member of Parliament (MP) for Knowsley South following the death of Sean Hughes.

He held the seat from 1990 until 2010 when the constituency was abolished. During this period his seat was considered the safest Labour seat in the country. He was chairman of the committee for technology and aerospace of the Western European Union and was succeeded in 2009 by the German politician Axel Fischer.

O'Hara left the House of Commons in 2010, after being defeated in the selection process to become Labour candidate for the new seat of Knowsley by fellow MP George Howarth.

1990 Knowsley South by-election
The 1990 Knowsley South by-election was a by-election held on 27 September 1990 for the British House of Commons constituency of Knowsley South in Merseyside.

The by-election was caused by the death of the constituency's  Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) Sean Hughes on 25 June.

The result was a Labour hold, with Edward O'Hara winning a majority of over 11,000 votes.
Pottawatomie Park
Pottawatomie Park is a historic public park in St. Charles, Illinois, along the eastern bank of the Fox River. Purchased in 1912 by the fledgling local park district, it became the first public park established under the Illinois Park Act of 1911.

St. Charles, Illinois
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in Kane and DuPage Counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 33,081 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 33,482 in 2024. It lies roughly 35 miles west of Chicago on Illinois Route 64. The official city slogan is "Pride of the Fox", after the Fox River that runs through the center of town. St. Charles is part of a tri-city area along with Geneva and Batavia, all western Chicago suburbs of similar size and socioeconomic condition.
Northcote Road
Northcote Road is a shopping street In Battersea, south London, which stretches over half a mile. It is close to Clapham Junction station.

It is the epicentre of the so-called 'Nappy Valley', named because of the young, affluent and productive demographic and also because the road lies over a culverted stream (the Falconbrook) giving it a low-lying position between the two commons of Wandsworth and Clapham (rising to the west and east respectively).

As well as many cafes and shops, Northcote Road has an historic food market which dates back to the 1860s, as well as the indoor Northcote Road Antiques Market. However, as with the vast majority of street markets, Northcote Road is a mere shadow of itself, being much smaller size, and more specialised in what its stalls offer, reflecting the changing demographics of the local area.

The Northcote Road seems to have been named after Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh.  The precise reason and date of this is difficult to confirm.

Nappy Valley
Nappy Valley is a colloquial epithet applied to pleasant places with high (demographic) reproduction.

It resonates linguistically with Happy Valley such as that in Kenya, noted for its wealthy white population before 1963 independence where much of the film White Mischief is set. It also linguistically tied to Napa Valley a successful wine region of California.
Sir George Fleming, 2nd Baronet
Sir George Fleming, 2nd Baronet (1667 – 2 July 1747) was a British churchman.

A member of the old Westmorland family, Fleming was the fifth son of Sir Daniel Le Fleming of Rydal Hall. Along with his three brothers, he was educated at Sedbergh School. From Sedbergh, he progressed to St Edmund Hall, Oxford in 1688. He became Canon of Carlisle Cathedral in 1700, Archdeacon of Carlisle in 1705, Dean in 1727 and finally Bishop of Carlisle in 1734. He succeeded as 2nd baronet in 1736. A successor, the Revd Sir Richard Le Fleming Bt, became rector of both Windermere and Grasmere and gave William Wordsworth a home at Rydal Mount.

Before moving to Rydal Hall, the Le Fleming family lived at Coniston Hall, which is now owned by the National Trust.

Sedbergh School
Sedbergh School is a public school (English private boarding and day school) in the town of Sedbergh in Cumbria, North West England. It comprises a junior school for pupils aged 4 to 13 and the main school for 13 to 18 year olds. It was established in 1525.
Sunfish, Kentucky
Sunfish is an unincorporated community located in the northwest corner of Edmonson County, Kentucky, United States, near the Grayson County line. It is approximately 25 miles (40 km) north-northeast of Bowling Green.

Sunfish is part of the Bowling Green Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bowling Green metropolitan area, Kentucky
The Bowling Green Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of four counties in Kentucky, anchored by the city of Bowling Green. As of 2014, the MSA had an estimated population of 165,732.
Ewing Christian College
Ewing Christian College (ECC), formerly Allahabad Christian College, is an autonomous constituent college of University of Allahabad, located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The college was established in 1902 by Arthur Henry Ewing, a prominent Presbyterian missionary.

The college was conferred with the status of College with Potential for Excellence by the University Grants Commission in 2005 and accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC).

University of Allahabad
The University of Allahabad is a central university located in Prayagraj, in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established on 23 September 1887 by an act of Parliament and is recognised as an Institute of National Importance (INI). It is the regarded as the fourth oldest modern university in India. Its origins lie in the Muir Central College, named after Lt. Governor of North-Western Provinces Sir William Muir in 1873, who suggested the idea of a Central University at Allahabad, which later evolved to the present university. Its status as a central university was re-established through the University of Allahabad Act 2005 by the Parliament of India.
Maclaurin's inequality
In mathematics, Maclaurin's inequality, named after Colin Maclaurin, is a refinement of the inequality of arithmetic and geometric means.

Let  be non-negative real numbers, and for , define the averages  as follows:

The numerator of this fraction is the elementary symmetric polynomial of degree  in the  variables , that is, the sum of all products of  of the numbers  with the indices in increasing order. The denominator is the number of terms in the numerator, the binomial coefficient  Maclaurin's inequality is the following chain of inequalities:

,

with equality if and only if all the  are equal.

Maclaurin's inequality can be proved using Newton's inequalities or a generalised version of Bernoulli's inequality.

Elementary symmetric polynomial
In mathematics, specifically in commutative algebra, the elementary symmetric polynomials are one type of basic building block for symmetric polynomials, in the sense that any symmetric polynomial can be expressed as a polynomial in elementary symmetric polynomials.  That is, any symmetric polynomial P is given by an expression involving only additions and multiplication of constants and elementary symmetric polynomials.  There is one elementary symmetric polynomial of degree d in n variables for each positive integer d ≤ n, and it is formed by adding together all distinct products of d distinct variables.
Greenwich Point
Greenwich Point is one of four beaches located in Greenwich, Connecticut. The beach sits on a peninsula jutting into Long Island Sound. It is a popular spot for Greenwich families to spend the day. Visitors to Greenwich Point typically jog, walk, or cycle around the Point, fish, boat, or swim in the Long Island Sound, study nature, or sunbathe.

Greenwich, Connecticut
Greenwich (/ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ/ GREN-itch) is a town in southwestern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 63,518. It is the largest town on Connecticut's affluent Gold Coast. Greenwich is home to many hedge funds and financial services firms due to its residential setting and proximity to Manhattan.

Greenwich is a principal community of the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk–Danbury metropolitan statistical area, which comprises all of Fairfield County, and is part of both the greater New York metropolitan area and the Western Connecticut Planning Region. The town is the southwesternmost municipality in both the State of Connecticut and the six-state region of New England. The town is named after Greenwich, a royal borough of London in the United Kingdom.
Copenhagen Peace Research Institute
The Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (COPRI) was a Danish research institute established in 1985 by the Danish Parliament. Its aim was to support and strengthen multidisciplinary research on peace and security. Established as an independent institute, in 1996 it became a government research institute under the Ministry of Research and Information Technology. In January 2003, COPRI was merged into the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS).

Many members of the Copenhagen School of international relations were associated with COPRI, including Ole Wæver and Barry Buzan.

Barry Buzan
Barry Gordon Buzan, FBA, FAcSS (born 28 April 1946) is a British political scientist. He is an emeritus Professor of International Relations at the London School of Economics and an honorary professor at the University of Copenhagen and Jilin University. Until 2012 he was Montague Burton Professor of International Relations at the LSE. Buzan sketched the Regional Security Complex Theory and is therefore together with Ole Wæver a central figure of the Copenhagen School.
Rattlesnake Fire
The Rattlesnake Fire was a wildfire started by arsonist Stanford Pattan on July 9, 1953, in Powder House Canyon on the Mendocino National Forest in northern California. The wildfire killed one Forest Service employee and 14 volunteer firefighters from the New Tribes Mission, and burned over 1,300 acres (530 ha) before it was controlled on July 11, 1953. It became and remains to this day a well-known firefighting textbook case on fatal wildland fires.

John N. Maclean
John Norman Maclean is an American journalist and author who has written five books on fatal wildland fires and a memoir, Home Waters: A Chronicle of Family and a River (June 2021, published by HarperCollins). He is the son of Norman Maclean, author of A River Runs Through It and Young Men and Fire, and grandson of the minister John Norman Maclean.
Min Min, Queensland
Min Min is an uninhabited outback locality in the Shire of Boulia, Queensland, Australia. The locality is most notable for the Min Min light, an unexplained aerial phenomenon reported throughout Australia's outback that was first observed by Europeans at Min Min (the phenomenon was known to Indigenous people prior to European settlement). The settlement is now a ghost town. In the 2021 census, Min Min had "no people or a very low population".

Shire of Boulia
The Shire of Boulia is a local government area in Central West Queensland, bordering the Northern Territory. Its administrative centre is in the town of Boulia.

It covers an area of 60,906 square kilometres (23,515.9 sq mi), and has existed as a local government entity since 1887. The main industry in the shire is beef production.

The shire is known for the unexplained phenomenon of the Min Min light, a light that has been reported to follow travellers in the area for some distance before disappearing.

On its logo, the Shire has the motto E pluribus unum.

In the 2021 census, the Shire of Boulia had a population of 458 people.
Ministry of Tourism (Israel)
The Ministry of Tourism (Hebrew: מִשְׂרַד הַתַּיָּרוּת, romanized: Misrad HaTayarut) is the Israeli government office responsible for tourism. The office was created in 1964, with Akiva Govrin being the first minister, but was appended to the Trade and Industry Ministry between 1977 and 1981. The logo for the Ministry depicts the Biblical Spies carrying fruit back from touring the Holy Land.

Akiva Govrin
Akiva Govrin (Hebrew: עקיבא גוברין; 12 August 1902 – 26 June 1980) was an Israeli politician who served as a government minister between December 1963 and January 1966. He was the country's first Minister of Tourism.
Gollenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate
Gollenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɔlənbɛʁk]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Ellenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate
Ellenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈɛlənbɛʁk]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.
Piraeus–Platy railway
The railway from Piraeus to Platy is an electrified double-track railway line that connects Athens to northern Greece and the rest of Europe. It constitutes the longest section of the mostly completed higher-speed rail line known as P.A.Th.E./P., which includes Greece's most important rail connection, that between Athens and Thessaloniki. Its northern end is the station of Platy, on the Thessaloniki–Bitola railway. In the south, it connects to the Athens Airport–Patras railway at the Acharnes Railway Center. The line passes through Thebes, Katerini and Larissa, and offers connections to several other cities (Chalcis, Lamia, Volos, Karditsa, Trikala) through branch lines.

Palaiofarsalos railway station
Palaiofarsalos railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Παλαιοφαρσάλου, romanized: Sidirodromikós Stathmós Palaiofarsálou) is a railway station near Farsala in Larissa regional unit, Greece. It is located in the village Stavros, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Farsala. It is situated at the junction of the main Piraeus–Platy railway and the branch line to Trikala and Kalambaka. It is served by intercity trains between Athens and Thessaloniki and by local trains to Kalambaka.
Sysenvatnet
Sysenvatnet (English: Lake Sysen) is a lake in Eidfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 10.24-square-kilometre (3.95 sq mi) lake lies at the north end of the Sysendalen valley, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of the famous Vøringsfossen waterfall. The lake is dammed on the south end by a large stone embankment, which is used as the main reservoir for the Sima Hydroelectric Power Station. The Sysen Dam can be seen from Norwegian National Road 7, which runs near the lake's southern shore.

Sysen Dam
The Sysen Dam (Norwegian: Sysendammen) is a rock-fill embankment dam in Eidfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The dam is 1,157 meters (3,796 ft) long, 81 meters (266 ft) high, and 258 meters (846 ft) wide at its base. It is built of 3.6 million cubic meters (130×10^6 ft3) of stone and moraine deposits.

The dam holds back Lake Sysen, which is the main reservoir for the Sy-Sima Hydroelectric Power Station. The average annual production of the power station is 1,115 gigawatt-hours (4,010 TJ). The reservoir capacity is 427 million cubic meters (346,000 acre⋅ft) and it is regulated at an elevation of 66 meters (217 ft).

The water supply to Vøring Falls is regulated by the dam, and there is a requirement for minimum water supply during the summer season.

The dam is a tourist attraction, and it can be accessed from Norwegian National Road 7.
Shibayama-Chiyoda Station
Shibayama-Chiyoda Station (芝山千代田駅, Shibayama-Chiyoda-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of Shibayama, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Shibayama Railway. It is situated on the eastern boundary of Narita International Airport.

Shibayama, Chiba
Shibayama (芝山町, Shibayama-machi) is a town located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the town had an estimated population of  7,122 in 3030 households and a population density of 160 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 43.47 square kilometres (16.78 sq mi).
POPOP
POPOP or 1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl) benzene is a scintillator.  It is used as a wavelength shifter (also called a "secondary scintillator"), which means that it converts shorter wavelength light to longer wavelength light.  Its output spectrum peaks at 410 nm, which is violet.  POPOP is used in both solid and liquid organic scintillators.

Scintillator
A scintillator (/ˈsɪntɪleɪtər/ SIN-til-ay-ter) is a material that exhibits scintillation (also termed radioluminescence), a kind of luminescence, when excited by ionizing radiation. Luminescent materials, when struck by an incoming particle, absorb its energy and scintillate (i.e. re-emit the absorbed energy in the form of light). Sometimes, the excited state is metastable, so the relaxation back down from the excited state to lower states is delayed (necessitating anywhere from a few nanoseconds to hours depending on the material). The process then corresponds to one of two phenomena: delayed fluorescence or phosphorescence. The correspondence depends on the type of transition and hence the wavelength of the emitted optical photon.
Artyom constituency
The Artyom constituency (No.63) is a Russian legislative constituency in Primorsky Krai. The constituency stretches from Vladivostok in the south to Spassk-Dalny in the north, including the towns of Artyom and Fokino.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Vladimir Novikov, former Mayor of Artyom.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Blyth Valley (UK Parliament constituency)
Blyth Valley, formerly known as Blyth, was a constituency most recently represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2019 by Ian Levy, a Conservative  until its abolition in 2024.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished, with the majority of its contents - excluding the town of Blyth itself - being absorbed into the new constituency of Cramlington and Killingworth, to be first contested at the 2024 general election. Blyth was included in the new constituency of Blyth and Ashington.

Cramlington and Killingworth
Cramlington and Killingworth is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election and is currently held by Emma Foody, a Labour Co-op MP.
HarbourFront (Singapore)
HarbourFront is a waterfront district situated in southern Singapore. Whilst HarbourFront's boundaries are ambiguous, its location is roughly represented on the URA's Master Plan as a subzone called Maritime Square, located within the Bukit Merah Planning Area.

Main thoroughfares in HarbourFront include Keppel Way and Telok Blangah Road. Notable buildings in the vicinity include HarbourFront Centre, Singapore Cruise Centre, St James Power Station, VivoCity and the Jardine Steps Tower which hosts the HarbourFront stop of the Singapore Cable Car. Maritime Square is currently being redeveloped into a new business and lifestyle hub.

St James Power Station
St James Power Station is a building located in HarbourFront, Singapore. Built in 1926, it was Singapore's first power station, having supplied electricity to the nearby port and the surrounding industries, shipyards and residences. It was previously also the one and only coal-fired power plant in the country.

After it was decommissioned in the 1970s, it became a warehouse and subsequently a major music-themed nightlife venue until 2018. In 2009, St James Power Station was designated as one of the country's national monuments by the National Heritage Board.

It is currently used as the headquarters for the technological company Dyson as well as being the site of a heritage trail and gallery tour dedicated to Singapore's port and industrial history.
Sturt Highway
Sturt Highway is an Australian national highway in New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. It is an important road link for the transport of passengers and freight between Sydney and Adelaide and the regions along the route.

Initially an amalgam of trunk routes, the Sturt Highway was proclaimed a state highway in NSW in 1933. In 1955, the route was allocated a National Route number (20). It was included in the National Highway system in 1992, forming the Sydney-Adelaide Link. Sturt Highway is allocated as route A20 for its entire length, the majority of which is a single carriageway, and freeway standard and 6-lane arterial road standard towards its western terminus in Gawler.

Main North Road
Main North Road is the major north–south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia, and linking to Gawler on Adelaide's outer north-eastern fringes.
Mission San Miguel Arcángel
Mission San Miguel Arcángel is a Spanish mission in San Miguel, California. It was established on July 25, 1797, by the Franciscan order, on a site chosen specifically due to the large number of Salinan Indians that inhabited the area, whom the Spanish priests wanted to evangelize.

The mission remains in use as a parish church of the Diocese of Monterey. After being closed to the public for six years due to the 2003 San Simeon earthquake, the church reopened on September 29, 2009. Inside the church are murals designed by Esteban Munras.

The mission was put on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 and was named to a National Historic Landmark in 2006.  Of California's missions, it is one that retains more than most of its layout and buildings, including a portion of its neophyte village.

Diocese of Monterey in California
The Diocese of Monterey in California (Latin: Dioecesis Montereyensis in California) is an ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in the Central Coast region of California. It comprises Monterey, San Benito, San Luis Obispo and Santa Cruz counties.

The mother church of the Diocese of Monterey in California is the Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo in Monterey. The diocese serves close to 200,000 Catholics in 46 parishes and 18 schools. It is also home to seven of California's 21 Franciscan missions, more than any other California diocese.
Adams Street and Boerum Place Line
The Adams Street and Boerum Place Line was a public transit line in Downtown Brooklyn, New York City, United States, running along Boerum Place and Adams Street. It served as access for the Atlantic Avenue Railroad to the City Hall area.

B65 (New York City bus)
The Bergen Street Line is a public transit line in Brooklyn, New York City, running westbound mostly along Bergen Street, as well as eastbound on Dean Street (as part of a one-way pair), between Downtown Brooklyn and Ocean Hill (earlier Red Hook to City Line). Originally a streetcar line, it is now the B65 bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority. The B65 is based out of the East New York Depot in East New York, Brooklyn.