hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minnesota State Highway 58
Minnesota State Highway 58 (MN 58) is a 23.538-mile-long (37.881 km) highway in southeast Minnesota, which runs from its interchange with U.S. 52 / State Highway 60 (co-signed) in Zumbrota and continues north to its northern terminus at its intersection with U.S. Highway 61 in Red Wing.

Zumbrota, Minnesota
Zumbrota is a city in Goodhue County, Minnesota, United States, along the North Fork of the Zumbro River. The population was 3,726 at the 2020 census. It promotes itself as "the only Zumbrota in the world."
Jewish medical ethics
Jewish medical ethics is a modern scholarly and clinical approach to medical ethics that draws upon Jewish thought and teachings. Pioneered by Rabbi Immanuel Jakobovits in the 1950s, Jewish medical ethics centers mainly around an applied ethics drawing upon traditional rabbinic law (halakhah). In addition, scholars have begun examining theoretical and methodological questions, while the field itself has been broadened to encompass bioethics and non-halakhic approaches.

J. David Bleich
Judah David Bleich (born August 24, 1936) is an American Haredi (ultra-orthodox) rabbi and professor known for his expertise in Jewish law, ethics, and bioethics. He is a professor of Talmudic studies (rosh yeshiva) at the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary, the rabbinical seminary of Yeshiva University (YU) in New York City. He heads its postgraduate institute for the study of Talmudic jurisprudence and family law.
Sleeping Sickness Commission
The Sleeping Sickness Commission was a medical project established by the British Royal Society to investigate the outbreak of African sleeping sickness or African trypanosomiasis in Africa at the turn of the 20th century. The outbreak of the disease started in 1900 in Uganda, which was at the time a protectorate of the British Empire. The initial team in 1902 consisted of Aldo Castellani and George Carmichael Low, both from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and Cuthbert Christy, a medical officer on duty in Bombay, India. From 1903, David Bruce of the Royal Army Medical Corps and David Nunes Nabarro of the University College Hospital took over the leadership. The commission established that species of blood protozoan called Trypanosoma brucei, named after Bruce, was the causative parasite of sleeping sickness.

Aldo Castellani
Aldo Luigi Mario Castellani, Marchese di Chisimajo, KCMG (8 September 1874 – 3 October 1971) was an Italian pathologist and microbiologist. He is best remembered as discoverer of the etiology of sleeping sickness (with David Bruce, 1903) and Yaws (1905), and as a pioneer in the development and use of combined vaccines.
Ebach
Ebach is a river of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It flows into the Pinnau near Ellerau.The Ebach is a left tributary of the Pinnau. It rises in Henstedt-Ulzburg on the border with Ellerau and flows westward under the I-7 freeway. In addition to Henstedt-Ulzburg and Ellerau, it also flows through a short section of Alveslohe. Further on, the Ebach flows under State Road 234 (Alvesloher Straße) and joins the Pinnau on the left in northern Ellerau. The source was originally in Alveslohe, but after a municipal reorganization, it is now in Henstedt-Ulzburg.

Pinnau (river)
The Pinnau is a 41-kilometre-long (25 mi) river, which flows right or northeast of the main river, Elbe. The Pinnau is therefore a tributary in the southern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

The Pinnau is categorized by German Bund/Länder-Arbeitsgemeinschaft Wasser (Federal/state association water) by "flow type" as a "marshland water body". The 8.5 km (5.3 mi) lower part between the Elbe and Uetersen is navigable for Class II ships, the 10.3 km (6.4 mi) middle part between Uetersen and Pinneberg is navigable but not classified.
What Lies Beyond
What Lies Beyond is the debut album of the Bulgarian rock band Sevi, which was released on June 14, 2012. There were totally three singles to the album, along with music videos, as the first two ("Can't Stand the Pain" and "Limited Edition") were released before the album, and the third one, called "Victim" came few months after the studio album.

Victim (Sevi song)
Victim is a song of the Bulgarian band Sevi, which became the third single to their debut album What Lies Beyond. The song was created in the summer of 2011 and later recorded as a single of the band. The featured video of the song was shot during the national tour of Sevi – the What Lies Beyond Tour and officially released on November 30, 2012.
The arrangement and the lyrics of the song launched the track in the rock charts right after the promotion of the video. It almost immediately reached fifth position in Kamenitza Rock 40 for a couple of weeks, as well as number 1 for a week.
Las Mañanitas metro station
Las Mañanitas is a Panama Metro station on Line 2. It was opened on 25 April 2019 as part of the inaugural section of Line 2 between San Miguelito and Nuevo Tocumen. This is an elevated station built above the Pan-American Highway, locally known as Corredor Sur. The station is located between Corredor Sur and Hospital del Este.

Hospital del Este metro station
Hospital del Este is a Panama Metro station on Line 2. It was opened on 25 April 2019 as part of the inaugural section of Line 2 between San Miguelito and Nuevo Tocumen. This is an elevated station built above the Pan-American Highway, locally known as Corredor Sur. The station is located between Las Mañanitas and Altos de Tocumen.
Maldivian cuisine
Maldivian cuisine, also called Dhivehi cuisine, is the cuisine of the Maldives and Minicoy, Lakshadweep, India. The traditional cuisine of Maldivians and Lakshadweep is based on three main items and their derivatives: coconuts, fish, and starches.

Samosa
A samosa (/səˈmoʊsə/) (listenⓘ) is a fried Indian pastry with a savoury filling that mostly consists of vegetables like spiced potatoes, onions, and peas, but can include cheese such as paneer, meat or even fish. Its name originates from the Middle Persian word sambosag (سنبوسگ) (meaning 'triangular pastry'). It is made in different shapes, including triangular, cone, or crescent, depending on the region. Samosas are often accompanied by chutney, and have origins in medieval times or earlier. Sweet versions containing traditional Indian flavours or even chocolate are also made. Samosas are popular snacks in South Asia and within the Indian diaspora across the world.
The Return of Doctor Mysterio
"The Return of Doctor Mysterio" is an episode of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. First broadcast on BBC One on 25 December 2016, it is the twelfth Christmas special since the show's revival in 2005. It was written by Steven Moffat and directed by Ed Bazalgette.

The episode is set in New York City, and involves the Doctor and Nardole linking with journalist Lucy Fletcher (Charity Wakefield) and a superhero called The Ghost (Justin Chatwin) to combat brain-swapping aliens. The only episode of 2016, it stars Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor, and is the first to feature Nardole (Matt Lucas), who was introduced in the previous Christmas special "The Husbands of River Song", as his companion.

The episode was viewed by 7.83 million viewers in its BBC One broadcast and received generally positive reviews from critics.

Charity Wakefield
Charity Wakefield (born 18 September 1980) is an English actress. Her appearances include roles in Sense & Sensibility (2008), Casualty 1900s (2008–2009), Wolf Hall and The Player (2015), Close to the Enemy (2016), The Halcyon, Genius and Bounty Hunters (2017), and as Georgina Dymova in The Great (2020–2023).
Helpmate
A helpmate is a type of chess problem in which both sides cooperate in order to achieve the goal of checkmating Black.  In a helpmate in n moves, Black moves first, then White, each side moving n times, to culminate in White's nth move checkmating Black. (In a helpmate in 2 for example, sometimes abbreviated h#2, the solution consists of a Black move, a White move, a second Black move, then a second White move, giving checkmate.) Although the two sides cooperate, all moves must be legal according to the rules of chess.

The example problem illustrated is a helpmate in 8 (or h#8) by Zdravko Maslar, published in Die Schwalbe in 1981. The solution is (recall that in helpmate solutions, Black's move is given first):

1. Kf3 Kd3 2. Bb3 Kc3 3. Ke4+ Kd2 4. Kd4 Ke2 5. Kc3 Nb4 6. Kb2 Kd2 7. Ka1 Kc1 8. Ba2 Nc2#

Glossary of chess problems
This glossary of chess problems explains commonly used terms in chess problems, in alphabetical order.

For a list of:

unorthodox pieces used in chess problems, see Fairy chess piece;

terms used in chess is general, see Glossary of chess;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants.
Sakassou Department
Sakassou Department is a department of Gbêkê Region in Vallée du Bandama District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 108,110 and its seat is the settlement of Sakassou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Ayaou-Sran, Dibri-Assirikro, Sakassou, and Toumodi-Sakassou.

Gbêkê
Gbêkê Region (also known as Wawlè Region) is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of two regions in Vallée du Bandama District. The seat of the region is Bouaké and the region's population in the 2021 census was 1,352,900, making it the third-most populous region of Ivory Coast.

Gbêkê is currently divided into four departments: Béoumi, Botro, Bouaké, and Sakassou.
Fast of Behav
The Fast of Behav (תענית בה"ב) refers to a tradition of Ashkenazic Jews to fast on the Monday, Thursday, and then following Monday after the holidays of Sukkot and Pesach. While today very few people fast, many Ashkenazic communities recite the Selichot for these days. Practically, the fasts are observed in the months of Cheshvan and Iyar, so as not to fast in the happy months of Tishrei and Nisan.

Selichot
Selichot (Hebrew: סְלִיחוֹת, romanized: səliḥoṯ, singular: סליחה, səliḥā) are Jewish penitential poems and prayers, especially those said in the period leading up to the High Holidays, and on fast days. The Thirteen Attributes of Mercy are a central theme throughout these prayers.
Hemareddy Mallamma
Hemareddy Mallamma (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1946 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by S. Soundarya Rajan and produced by Gubbi Veeranna. The film stars B. Jayamma, Honnappa Bhagavathar, Veeranna and C. B. Mallappa. The film has musical score by V. Nagayya.

B. Jayamma
B. Jayamma (15 November 1915 – 20 December 1988) was an Indian actress and singer. She began her career on stage as a 14-year-old when she joined a theatre group owned by Gubbi Veeranna, her future husband. She went on to perform for 45 years on stage while also appearing in 45 Kannada, Telugu and Tamil films.
Kwak Hee-ju
Kwak Hee-Ju (born 5 October 1981) is a South Korean footballer who plays as a defender who last played for Suwon Samsung Bluewings.

At first, he did not enjoy much success with the team, but since early of 2004, he has become one of the key players of defence of Suwon Samsung Bluewings.

He was member of South Korea that parted East Asian Cup 2008 and World Cup qualifier of 2006 and 2010.

Suwon Samsung Bluewings
The Suwon Samsung Bluewings (Korean: 수원 삼성 블루윙즈) are a South Korean football club based in Suwon that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. Founded in December 1995, they have won the K League on four occasions (1998, 1999, 2004 and 2008), as well as the Asian Club Championship twice, in 2000–01 and 2001–02.
Have Guitar Will Travel (Bo Diddley album)
Have Guitar Will Travel is the third studio album by rock and roll musician Bo Diddley. It was released on the Checker Records label in 1960.

The front cover of Diddley's album displays a white calling card similar to that which Richard Boone's Have Gun – Will Travel character Paladin carried and gave out on every episode of the series. The location was  Livingston Street, Brooklyn, New York City.

Bo Diddley
Ellas Bates McDaniel (December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, including Buddy Holly, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Animals, George Thorogood, Syd Barrett, Tom Petty, and the Clash.

His use of African rhythms and a signature beat, a simple five-accent hambone rhythm, is a cornerstone of hip hop, rock, and pop music. In recognition of his achievements, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2017. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Diddley is also recognized for his technical innovations, including his use of tremolo and reverb effects to enhance the sound of his distinctive rectangular guitars.
Bouygues
Bouygues S.A. (French pronunciation: [bwiɡ]) is a French engineering group headquartered in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. Bouygues is listed on the Euronext Paris exchange and is a blue chip in the CAC 40 stock market index. The company was founded in 1952 by Francis Bouygues and has been led by his son Martin Bouygues since 1989. Martin's older brother, Olivier Bouygues, is a board member.

The group specialises in construction (Colas Group and Bouygues Construction), real estate development (Bouygues Immobilier), media (TF1 Group), and telecommunications (Bouygues Telecom).

Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).
Chess.com
Chess.com is an internet chess server. The largest chess platform in the world, the site operates on a freemium model in which some features are available for free, and others are available via subscription. Users can play live online chess against other users in daily, rapid, blitz, or bullet time controls, with a number of chess variants available. Additionally, the platform offers play against chess engines, computer analysis, chess puzzles, and teaching resources.

Chess.com reached 200 million users in early 2025, and had about 11 million daily active users as of April 2023. Chess.com has hosted online tournaments, including Titled Tuesdays, the PRO Chess League, the Speed Chess Championships, PogChamps, Online Chess Olympiads, and computer vs computer events.

Online chess
Online chess is chess that is played over the Internet, allowing players to play against each other. This was first done asynchronously through PLATO and email in the 1970s. In 1992, the Internet Chess Server facilitated live online play via telnet, and inspired several other telnet-based systems around the world. Web-based platforms became popular in the 2010s and grew considerably amid the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside a trend of livestreaming chess.
Franco Montoro
André Franco Montoro (Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈdrɛ ˈfrãku mõˈtoru]; 14 July 1916 – 16 July 1999) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in São Paulo as the son of André de Blois Montoro and Tomásia Alijostes. He was a senator and governor of São Paulo, winning against São Paulo mayor Reynaldo de Barros in the latter. He was a member of several parties, such as PDC, MDB, PMDB and one of the founders of PSDB. He was also a law philosopher and a professor at PUC-SP, who wrote several law books.

Montoro is credited as being one of the key figures in the Diretas Já movement, along with Tancredo Neves and Ulysses Guimarães, which helped to bring about the return of direct elections to Brazil.

The São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport is named after him.

Ulysses Guimarães
Ulysses Silveira Guimarães (Portuguese pronunciation: [uˈlisis siwˈvejɾɐ ɡimɐˈɾɐ̃js] 6 October 1916 – 12 October 1992) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer who played an important role in opposing the military dictatorship in Brazil and in the fight to restore democracy in the country. He died in a helicopter accident by the shore near Angra dos Reis, in the south of Rio de Janeiro state.
Fleet board
Fleet board is a term in the Royal Navy for the examination cadet officers take which qualifies them to become commissioned officers.

After passing the examination, officers who entered as sub-lieutenants have their commissions backdated to the date when they entered the Royal Navy.  Midshipmen are also considered commissioned officers at this point, but are not immediately promoted to sub-lieutenant.  Between 1955 and 1993, midshipmen were promoted to the rank acting sub-lieutenant after passing the fleet board, but today this rank is only used in the Royal Naval Reserve.   After 1955, midshipmen were no longer allowed to serve in the fleet as officers, so in practice they only serve a few weeks as commissioned midshipmen while completing their post-examination training.

Similar examinations are also used for a similar purpose in other Commonwealth navies, notably the Royal Australian Navy, the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal New Zealand Navy.

Sub-lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant is usually a junior officer rank, used in armies, navies and air forces.

In most armies, sub-lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer rank. However, in Brazil, it is the highest non-commissioned rank, and in Spain, it is the second highest non-commissioned rank.

As a naval rank, a sub-lieutenant ranks below a lieutenant.
Emily Whitehead
Emily Whitehead (born 11 December 2000) is an Australian artistic gymnast. At the 2018 Commonwealth Games, she won a bronze medal in the team event and on the vault. She represented Australia at the 2020 and 2024 Olympic Games and is a two-time Oceanic all-around champion (2021-22). She is the 2015 Australian junior national all-around champion and a three-time national all-around medalist at the senior level (2018, 2021-22). She won a silver medal on the vault at the 2018 Melbourne World Cup.

Kate McDonald (gymnast)
Kate McDonald (born 1 August 2000) is an Australian artistic gymnast. She is the 2022 Commonwealth Games champion on the balance beam and silver medalist in the team event. She represented Australia at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Geruwa Rural Municipality
Geruwa (Nepali: गेरुवा) is a rural municipality located in Bardiya District of Lumbini Province of Nepal.

The rural municipality came into existence on 10 March 2017 when the government of Nepal decided to dissolve the old  administrative structure and reconstruct a new administrative division.

Patabhar, Gola, Pashupatinagar and Manau VDCs were merged to form this new rural municipality. The rural municipality is divided into 6 wards and Pashupatinagar was declared headquarter of the rural municipality. The total population of the municipality is 34871 individuals according to Nepal census 2011. Total area of this council is 78.41 square kilometres (30.27 sq mi).

Bardiya District
Bardiya District (Nepali: बर्दिया जिल्लाListenⓘ), one of the seventy-seven Districts of Nepal, is part of Lumbini Province of Nepal. The district, with Gulariya as its headquarters, covers an area of 2,025 km2 (782 sq mi) and according to the 2001 census the population was 382,649 in 2011 it has 426,576.
Debussy Mélodies
Debussy Mélodies is a 178-minute studio album of sixty of Claude Debussy's art songs, presented roughly in order of composition, performed by Elly Ameling, Michèle Command, Mady Mesplé, Frederica von Stade and Gérard Souzay with piano accompaniment by Dalton Baldwin. It was released in 1980.

Dalton Baldwin
Dalton Baldwin (December 19, 1931 – December 12, 2019) was an American collaborative pianist. He made more than 100 recordings and won numerous prizes, working with outstanding singers such as Gérard Souzay, Elly Ameling, Arleen Auger, Steven Kimbrough, Jacqueline Roberts and Jessye Norman. He visited southern Africa on numerous occasions, accompanying Gérard Souzay three times (in 1958 for the first time) and Elly Ameling twice (in 1973 for the first time).

Baldwin was Souzay's longterm partner. He died on December 12, 2019, aged 87.
Khuzdul
Khuzdul (pronounced [kʰuzˈdul]) is a fictional language created by J. R. R. Tolkien, one of the languages of Middle-earth, specifically the secret and private language of the Dwarves. He based its structure and phonology on Semitic languages, primarily Hebrew, with triconsonantal roots of words. Very little of its grammar is defined.

Semitic root
The roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" (hence the term consonantal root). Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the formation of actual words by adding the vowels and non-root consonants (or "transfixes"), which go with a particular morphological category around the root consonants, in an appropriate way, generally following specific patterns.

It is a peculiarity of Semitic linguistics that many of these consonantal roots are triliterals, meaning that they consist of three letters (although there are a number of quadriliterals, and in some languages also biliterals). Such roots are also common in other Afroasiatic languages. While Berber mostly has triconsonantal roots, Chadic, Omotic, and Cushitic have mostly biconsonantal roots; and Egyptian shows a mix of biconsonantal and triconsonantal roots.
Joël Suhubiette
Joël Suhubiette (born in 1962) is a contemporary French choral conductor. In particular, he conducts the chamber choir Les Éléments which he founded in Toulouse and with which he received a Victoire de la musique classique in 2006 and the Ensemble Jacques Moderne in Tours.

Les Éléments
Les Éléments is a professional chamber choir established in Toulouse in 1997 by choirmaster Joël Suhubiette.

The choir has sung commissioned works by contemporary composers including Zad Moultaka, Patrick Burgan and Philippe Hersant.

Les Éléments have worked with instrumental ensembles such as the Chambre Philharmonique (under Emmanuel Krivine ), Le Cercle de l'Harmonie (under Jérémie Rhorer), the Orchestre national du Capitole de Toulouse (under Tugan Sokhiev), and Les Talens Lyriques (under Christophe Rousset) in interpretation of choral works from the classical repertoire. This has encompassed Mozart's Requiem, cantatas, motets and the Mass in B minor by Johann Sebastian Bach, Fauré's Requiem, and the Nelson Mass by Joseph Haydn.

Les Éléments were awarded in the Victoires de la Musique of 2006 in the classification of a classical music ensemble.
Sapotskin
Sapotskin or Sopotskin is an urban-type settlement in Grodno District, Grodno Region, in western Belarus. It is located near the border with Poland and 27 km (16.8 mi) northwest from Grodno. As of 2025, it has a population of 901.

Sapotskin became one of the centers of the Polish minority in Belarus. It is the only town in Belarus where the Polish population, consisting of the majority, is allowed to use bilingual street signs.

Grodno region
Grodno Region, also known as Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts, is a region of Belarus. Its administrative centre and its namesake, Grodno, is the largest city in the whole region. As of 2024, it has a population of 992,556.

Located in western Belarus, it lies on the Neman River. The region borders the Minsk region to the east, the Brest region to the south, Poland (Podlaskie Voivodeship) to the west and the Vitebsk region and Lithuania (Alytus and Vilnius counties) to the north.