hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clark Tower
This article is about a structure in Winterset, Iowa. For the building commonly called Clark Tower in Memphis, Tennessee, see Clark Tower Executive Suites

Clark Tower is a 25 ft (7.6 m) tall, castle-like limestone tower located in Winterset City Park in Winterset, Iowa, United States.

Winterset City Park
Winterset City Park is a public, city-owned park in Winterset, Iowa, United States. The first acres of land was bought on May 21, 1869, for cattle to graze on. Over the next 50 years, land was purchased to increase the size of the park.  On March 10, 2021, Winterset City Park was placed on the National Register of Historic Places after it was nominated in 2020.
Mithy
Alfonso Aguirre Rodríguez, better known as Mithy, is a Spanish former professional League of Legends player, and current assistant coach for FlyQuest. He joined Ninjas in Pyjamas in October 2013. He joined G2 on May 19, 2016, ahead of the 2016 Summer EU LCS split. He then joined Team SoloMid in 2018. In 2019 he played his final year in Origen before retiring to be a coach.

Origen (esports)
Origen was a professional esports organisation based in Europe. Its main League of Legends team participated in the League of Legends European Championship (LEC), the top-level league for the game in Europe. It was founded by Enrique "xPeke" Cedeño Martínez after his departure from Fnatic.

In 2018, Origen was acquired by RFRSH Entertainment, a company that owned Danish CS:GO team Astralis. Astralis and Origen later separated from RFRSH Entertainment in July 2019, and founded the Astralis Group. On 15 September 2020, the Astralis Group announced that all esports teams owned by them, including Origen, would be merged into the Astralis brand.
Yoruba people
The Yoruba people (/ˈjɒrʊbə/ YORR-uub-ə; Yoruba: Ìran Yorùbá, Ọmọ Odùduwà, Ọmọ Káàárọ̀-oòjíire) are a West African ethnic group who inhabit parts of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo, a region collectively called Yorubaland. The Yoruba constitute more than 50 million people in Africa, and over a million outside the continent, and bear further representation among the African diaspora. The vast majority of Yoruba are in today's Nigeria, where they make up 20.7% of the country's population according to Ethnologue estimates, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa. Most Yoruba people speak the Yoruba language, which is the Niger–Congo language with the largest number of native or L1 speakers.

Afro-Cubans
Afro-Cubans (Spanish: Afrocubano) or Black Cubans are citizens of Cuba who have ancestry from any of the Black racial groups originating from Africa. The term Afro-Cuban can also refer to historical or cultural elements in Cuba associated with this community, and the combining of native African and other cultural elements found in Cuban society, such as race, religion, music, language, the arts and class culture.
Nottingham Girls' High School
Nottingham Girls' High School is a private day school for girls aged 3–19, located north of Nottingham city centre. Founded in 1875, it is part of the Girls' Day School Trust.

It should not be confused with Nottingham Girls Academy, which is based in Aspley, Nottingham.

Rosemary Squire
Dame Rosemary Anne Squire, DBE (born 27 May 1956) is a British commercial theatre owner and entrepreneur. She is the founder of the Ambassador Theatre Group (ATG) LTD, and co-founder of Trafalgar Entertainment.
St. Joseph News-Press
The St. Joseph News-Press is a daily morning newspaper based in St. Joseph, Missouri. It is the flagship publication of the News-Press & Gazette Company, which owns newspapers across northwestern Missouri and northeastern Kansas, and television and radio stations throughout the western United States.

St. Joseph, Missouri
St. Joseph is a city in and the county seat of Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Missouri River, it is the principal city of the St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri and Doniphan County, Kansas. As of the 2020 census, St. Joseph had a population of 72,473, making it the 8th most populous city in the state, and the 3rd most populous in Northwest Missouri. St. Joseph is located roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the Kansas City, Missouri city limits and approximately 125 miles (201 km) south of Omaha, Nebraska.

The city was named after the town's founder Joseph Robidoux and the biblical Saint Joseph. In the nineteenth century, it was the death place of American outlaw Jesse James. It was also the starting point of the Pony Express serving the West. Today, St. Joseph is home to Missouri Western State University, which enrolls over 3,800 students.
Kolyan Edgar
Kolyan Edgar Rudikovich (Russian: Колян Эдгар Рудикович; born January 9, 1986) is an Armenian martial artist. His main focus is Kūdō and has had a prestigious history in Kudo competition. He has won various Kudo championships, namely has been a two-time world champion of kūdō in years 2005 and 2009.  He also won the World Cup in kūdō (2011).

He participated in and won various tournaments in the Amateur Pankration and MMA.  In all international tournaments since 2005 he has represented Russia.  Prior to this, including the World Championships Kudo 2005, he represented Armenia.

He is a Honored Master of Sports of Russia in Kudo and Candidate for Master of Sports of Russia in Army hand-to-hand combat, Candidate for Master of Sports of Russia in Combat Sambo.

Kūdō
Kūdō (空道) (formerly known as Daido Juku) is a Japanese hybrid martial art. It is a full-contact combat sport that aims to achieve safety, aggression and practicality, a style of mixed martial arts practised with headgear and gloves. It features stand-up striking, with throwing and grappling techniques being also allowed in the competition, including restraint, locks and chokeholds.

Kūdō is a form of budō (modern martial arts) that originated in the Daido Juku school, an organization founded by Azuma Takashi in 1981. The relationship between the Daido Juku school and kudo is similar to that between the kodokan school and judo.

Kūdō is found in more than 100 locations in Japan and is practised in more than 50 countries around the world. Although it is a martial art created by the Japanese, Russia currently has the largest number of Kūdō athletes, eclipsing the number of Japanese practitioners.
Relative articulation
In phonetics and phonology, relative articulation is description of the manner and place of articulation of a speech sound relative to some reference point. Typically, the comparison is made with a default, unmarked articulation of the same phoneme in a neutral sound environment. For example, the English velar consonant /k/ is fronted before the vowel /iː/ (as in keep) compared to articulation of /k/ before other vowels (as in cool). This fronting is called palatalization.

The relative position of a sound may be described as advanced (fronted), retracted (backed), raised, lowered, centralized, or mid-centralized. The latter two terms are only used with vowels, and are marked in the International Phonetic Alphabet with diacritics over the vowel letter. The others are used with both consonants and vowels, and are marked with iconic diacritics under the letter. Another dimension of relative articulation that has IPA diacritics is the degree of roundedness, more rounded and less rounded.

Back vowel
Back vowels are vowel sounds articulated with the primary tongue constriction (the highest point of the tongue body) located toward the back of the oral cavity, near the velum (or in some cases further back in the vocal tract toward the pharynx), relative to front and central vowels.

Back vowels are common across languages. In the PHOIBLE 2.0 convenience sample of phonological inventories, [u] and [o] are among the most frequently listed vowel segments, occurring in 88% and 60% of inventories in the sample, respectively. Back vowels are often, but not always, rounded: cross-linguistically, non-low back vowels are commonly rounded (e.g. [u o]), while low vowels are often unrounded; front rounded vowels and back unrounded vowels also occur, but are less common.
Vazhamuttom
Vazhamuttom is a village township near to Pathanamthitta Town in Pathanamthitta District, Kerala, India. River Achankovil split Vazhamuttom in to two parts West Vazhamuttom and East Vazhamuttom. Thazhoor Kadavu Palam (bridge) connect both places together near Thazhoor Temple.

Omallur
Omallur is a small town in Kerala, about 3.5 km south of Pathanamthitta District headquarters. Omallur is famous for Vayal Vanibham, which is an annual farming fair held in the month of Meenam (October). People from both within and outside the town participate in the fair.
Otto von Gierke
Otto Friedrich von Gierke, born Otto Friedrich Gierke (11 January 1841 – 10 October 1921), was a German legal scholar and historian. He is considered today as one of the most influential and important legal scholars of the 19th and 20th centuries. In his four-volume magnum opus entitled Das deutsche Genossenschaftsrecht (German Law of Associations), he pioneered the study of social groups and the importance of associations in German life, which stood between the divide of private and public law.

During his career at Berlin University's law department, Gierke was a leading critic of the first draft of a new civil code for Imperial Germany. Gierke argued that it had been molded in an individualistic frame that was inconsistent with German social traditions. Gierke became known as a vocal Germanist within the German Historical School of Jurisprudence. The draft was revised to remove Roman law influences and the German Civil Code came into effect in 1900.

Frederic William Maitland
Frederic William Maitland FBA (28 May 1850 – c. 19 December 1906) was an English historian of medieval England and jurist who is regarded as the modern father of English legal history. From 1884 until he died in 1906, he was Reader in English Law at Cambridge. He was Downing Professor of the Laws of England. He came from a distinguished intellectual family. Maitland was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge. Leaving for the bar after an initial failure to obtain a fellowship at Cambridge, he returned to academia in 1884 and quickly became one of the most distinguished historians of his generation.
Piraeus–Platy railway
The railway from Piraeus to Platy is an electrified double-track railway line that connects Athens to northern Greece and the rest of Europe. It constitutes the longest section of the mostly completed higher-speed rail line known as P.A.Th.E./P., which includes Greece's most important rail connection, that between Athens and Thessaloniki. Its northern end is the station of Platy, on the Thessaloniki–Bitola railway. In the south, it connects to the Athens Airport–Patras railway at the Acharnes Railway Center. The line passes through Thebes, Katerini and Larissa, and offers connections to several other cities (Chalcis, Lamia, Volos, Karditsa, Trikala) through branch lines.

Platy, Imathia
Platy (Greek: Πλατύ) is a town and a municipality in eastern Imathia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Alexandreia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 181.375 km2.
Dylan Ferguson (skier)
Dylan Ferguson (born August 10, 1988) is an American freestyle skier who has competed since 2004. His best World Cup finish was second in an aerials event at Deer Valley, Utah in January 2012.

Ferguson's best finish at the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships was seventh in the aerials event at Inawashiro in 2009.

He was named to the US team for the 2010 Winter Olympics in January 2010. However, he began experiencing stomach pains in early February while training at Park City, Utah before the games. Two days later he was rushed to a Park City hospital for an emergency appendectomy, and later developed an infection, a complication from the surgery. As a result, Ferguson was forced to withdraw from the Olympic Games; he was replaced on the US team by Scotty Bahrke.

Scotty Bahrke
Scotty Bahrke (born July 19, 1985) is an American freestyle skier specializing in aerial skiing. He is a member of the US ski team, and participated in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Bahrke was not originally named to the Olympic team, but was added to the team five days before the men's aerials event to replace Dylan Ferguson, who was recovering from a recent appendectomy. In his Olympic debut, Bahrke scored 168.72 in the first round of competition and was ranked 23rd. He did not qualify for the finals.

Bahrke's older sister Shannon is also an Olympic freestyle skier for the US.
Takamiya-juku
Takamiya-juku (高宮宿, Takamiya-juku)  was the sixty-fourth of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō highway connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It was located in the present-day city of Hikone, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, on the right bank of the Inukami River.

69 Stations of the Nakasendō
The 69 Stations of the Nakasendō (中山道六十九次, Nakasendō Rokujūkyū-tsugi) are the rest areas along the Nakasendō, which ran from Nihonbashi in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Sanjō Ōhashi in Kyoto. The route stretched approximately 534 km (332 mi) and was an alternate trade route to the Tōkaidō.
St George's Catholic School
St. George's Catholic School is a Roman Catholic secondary school, with academy status, in Maida Vale, Westminster, London, England. The school also offers sixth form education franchised from St Thomas More Catholic School.

Maida Vale
Maida Vale (/ˈmeɪdə ˈveɪl/ MAY-də VAYL) is an affluent residential district in Central London, England, north of Paddington, southwest of St John's Wood and south of Kilburn, on Edgware Road. It is part of the City of Westminster and is three miles (five kilometres) northwest of Charing Cross. It has many late Victorian and Edwardian blocks of mansion flats. The area is home to the BBC Maida Vale Studios.
The Girl Guides Association of Jamaica
The Girl Guides Association of Jamaica (GGAJ) is the Guiding organisation of Jamaica. It served 5,903 members (as of 2006). Founded in 1915, the girls-only organisation became an associate member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1963 and a full member in 1966.

Girl Scouts of Jamaica
Girl Scouts of Jamaica (G.S.J.) is a Christian faith-based scouting organization for girls in Jamaica founded on August 5, 2008.  The girls-only organization is a member of the Order of World Scouts.

Membership is voluntary and open to all girls and young women regardless of creed, race, nationality or any other circumstance, provided that the member is willing and committed to uphold the promise and the law of the movement.  Leaders must uphold the promise, law and constitution.
Bitty McLean
Delroy Easton "Bitty" McLean (born 8 August 1972) is a British reggae, lovers' rock and ragga singer. He is best known for his three UK Top 10 hits in 1993 and 1994, including his debut offering "It Keeps Rainin' (Tears from My Eyes)".

Sly and Robbie
Sly and Robbie were a prolific Jamaican rhythm section and production duo, associated primarily with the reggae and dub genres. Drummer Sly Dunbar and bassist Robbie Shakespeare teamed up in the mid-1970s after establishing themselves separately in Jamaica as professional musicians. They recorded several albums under the Sly and Robbie name, and made hundreds of appearances on records by other performers.

Shakespeare died in December 2021 following kidney surgery, and Dunbar on 26 January 2026.
All Saints' Church, Ockham
The Church of All Saints, usually known as All Saints' Church, is an Anglican church in Ockham, England. It is the parish church of Ockham with Hatchford and Downside. Due to its architectural significance, the church is a Grade I listed building.

Peter King, 1st Baron King
Peter King, 1st Baron King, PC, FRS (c. 1669 – 22 July 1734), commonly referred to as Lord King, was an English lawyer and politician, who became Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.

A distant relative of the philosopher John Locke, King entered Parliament in 1700 as member of Parliament for Bere Alston and became associated with the Whig interest.  As Lord Chancellor, King supported the Hanoverian succession and the established Church of England. King remained in office until 1733, a year before his death.
Joe Coleman (baseball, born 1922)
Joseph Patrick Coleman (July 30, 1922 – April 9, 1997) was an American professional baseball pitcher who appeared in 223 games in Major League Baseball (MLB) over ten seasons between 1942 and 1955 for the Philadelphia Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, and Detroit Tigers. He was named an All-Star in 1948 and finished 19th in MVP voting in 1954. He was the father of Joe Coleman, a major league pitcher for 15 seasons from 1965 to 1979 and a two-time 20-game winner, and the grandfather of Casey Coleman, a pitcher with the Chicago Cubs and the Kansas City Royals from 2010 and 2014.

Casey Coleman (baseball)
Joseph Casey Coleman (born July 3, 1987) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Conspiradores de Querétaro of the Mexican League. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and Kansas City Royals.
Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force (USAF), as well as the "air militia" of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It, along with the Army National Guard component of each state, district, commonwealth or territory, makes up the National Guard of each region as applicable. Additionally, the ANG and the United States Air Force Reserve constitute the two air reserve components of the USAF.

When Air National Guard units are used under the jurisdiction of the state governor they are fulfilling their militia role. However, when federalized by order of the president of the United States, ANG units become an active part of the U.S. Air Force. They are jointly administered by the states and the National Guard Bureau, a joint bureau of the Army and Air Force that oversees the U.S. National Guard.

Aerospace Defense Command
Aerospace Defense Command was a major command of the United States Air Force, responsible for air defense of the continental United States. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was established in 1946, briefly inactivated in 1950, reactivated in 1951, and then redesignated Aerospace rather than Air in 1968. Its mission was to provide air defense of the Continental United States (CONUS). It directly controlled all active measures, and was tasked to coordinate all passive means of air defense.
Zuzanna Ginczanka
Zuzanna Polina Gincburg (March 22, 1917 – 1944), known by her pen name Zuzanna Ginczanka, was a Polish-Jewish poet of the interwar period. Although she only published a single collection of poetry in her lifetime, her book O centaurach (On Centaurs, 1936) created a sensation in Poland's literary circles. She was arrested and executed in Kraków shortly before the end of World War II.

Kraków-Podgórze Detention Centre
The Former Kraków-Podgórze Detention Centre (Polish: Dawny Areszt Śledczy Kraków Podgórze) - a historic building of the former Imperial and Royal Podgórze county court and detention center located at 3 Stefana Czarnieckiego Street in Podgórze, the former district of Kraków, Poland. Built in 1905, from design by Ferdynand Liebling.

During World War II, it was a Nazi German prison, a place of secret detention and torture of Polish members of the Resistance, It is memorialized as a notorious site of martyrdom during the German occupation of Poland. The prison facility had a Gestapo station attached to it.

The prison was initially incorporated within the borders of the Kraków Ghetto when that district was created by the Nazis in March 1941; however, in the redistricting of June 1942 (following mass deportations of the Ghetto population) the whole street was placed outside the confines of the Ghetto.
Cervo, Liguria
Cervo (Ligurian: O Çervo) is a small, ancient town and comune, built on top of a hill along the Italian Riviera in the province of Imperia. It has approximately 1,200 inhabitants. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Paralakhemundi
Paralakhemundi shortly known as Parala is district Headquarter of Gajapati district and one of the oldest Municipality established in 1885, in the Indian state of Odisha. The city and the district share its boundaries with Andhra Pradesh. The adjacent town of Pathpatnam is separated by the River Mahendra Tanaya. In later medieval period it became capital of Paralakhemundi Estate of Eastern Ganga dynasty kings of Khemundi Branch. The town is well known for being an ancient cultural center of Odisha and birthplace of noted personalities including poet Gopalakrusna Pattanayaka, statesman Krushna Chandra Gajapati Narayan Deo, lexicographer Gopinatha Nanda Sharma and historian Satyanarayana Rajguru. This town is also known for its century old temples, monasteries, palaces and heritage buildings. Odia is spoken language in the town and villages

National Highway 326A (India)
National Highway 326A (NH 326A) is a national highway in that passes through two Indian states of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. It was formed as a new highway by the up-gradation of former state highways in the two states. The constitution of this highway resulted in cut down of green belt for nearly 15 kilometers and resulted in increasing pollution in this region. It starts at Mohana of Odisha and ends at Narasannapeta road of Andhra Pradesh.
Cromwell Gorge
The Cromwell Gorge is a steep gorge cut by the former Clutha River (Māori: Mata-Au) in the Central Otago region of New Zealand's South Island. It winds 19 km (12 mi) between the Dunstan and Cairnmuir Mountains, linking the townships of Cromwell and Clyde. It is one of three substantial river gorges in Central Otago, the others being the Kawarau Gorge to the west of Cromwell, and the Roxburgh Gorge south of Alexandra.

Long-associated with gold mining, orchards and the production of stone fruit, the gorge (including part of old Cromwell) was flooded in the early 1990s to form Lake Dunstan behind the hydroelectric Clyde Dam.  The former Otago Central Railway which traced the river through the gorge from Clyde was removed, while State Highway 8 was realigned above the newly formed lake.

The Dunstan Trail, a major new cycle route, was opened on the lake's right bank in 2021.

Christopher Reilly
Christopher Reilly (sometimes spelt Riley) was an Irish gold prospector who participated in the Otago gold rush in New Zealand in the 1860s.

In 1862, Reilly discovered gold on the Clutha River with Horatio Hartley. The location was proclaimed as the Dunstan goldfield on 23 September 1862.