hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Province of Cuneo
The province of Cuneo (Italian: provincia di Cuneo; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Coni) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west, it borders the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (departments of Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes), to the north the Metropolitan City of Turin, to the east the province of Asti and to the south the Ligurian provinces of Savona and Imperia. It is also known as la Provincia Granda (Piedmontese for 'The Big Province'), because it is the largest province in Piedmont and the fourth-largest in Italy (following Sassari, South Tyrol and Foggia). Briga Marittima and Tenda were part of this province before their cession to France in 1947.

Province of Asti
The province of Asti (Italian: provincia di Asti; Piedmontese: provincia d'Ast) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Asti. To the northwest it borders on the Metropolitan City of Turin; to the southwest it borders on the province of Cuneo. To the east it borders on the province of Alessandria, while in the south it shares a very short border with the Ligurian province of Savona. It has an area of 1,504.5 square kilometres (580.9 sq mi), and, As of 2017, a total population of 215,871.
Aonghas Óg
Aonghas Óg (died 1490) was a Scottish nobleman who was the last independent Lord of the Isles. Aonghas became a rebel against both his father and the Scottish crown, in a civil clan war which would see the end of the independent Lordship of the Isles.

Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll
Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll (c. 1433 – 10 May 1493) was a medieval Scottish nobleman, peer, and politician. He was the son of Archibald Campbell, Master of Campbell and Elizabeth Somerville, daughter of John Somerville, 3rd Lord Somerville. He had the sobriquet Colin Mulle, Bold Earl Colin.
Sterling Heights, Michigan
Sterling Heights is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Sterling Heights is located roughly 18 miles (29.0 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 134,346, placing Sterling Heights as the second-largest suburb of Detroit and the fourth-most populous city in Michigan.

Troy, Michigan
Troy is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Troy is located about 15 miles (24 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 87,294, making Troy the largest community in Oakland County and 13th-most populous municipality in the state.

Troy was organized as a township in 1827, and sections of the township were later incorporated into the cities of Birmingham, Clawson, and Royal Oak. The remainder of the township was incorporated as the city of Troy in 1955.
KIS Yangmu
KIS Yangmu (Korean: 양무호; Hanja: 揚武號) was the first ship of the Korean Imperial Navy. It was built by Sir Raylton Dixon & Co and named "SS Pallas". This ship launched on 1888 and used in Clark George Ltd, Sunderland. In 1893, this ship was sold to the Japan's Mitsui Corporation, and Named "Kachidate Maru". In 1900, it was purchased by the Korean empire from Mitsui Corporation for 1,100,000 Korean Won, or 550,000 Japanese Yen. This was about 30% of the total military budget of the Korean Empire. The ship, however, was not very effective because of its previous use as a cargo ship. For the reasons above, a better ship was constructed – the KIS Gwangje.

Korean Empire
The Korean Empire, officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea, was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty. The empire lasted until the Japanese annexation of Korea in August 1910.

During this period, Emperor Gojong oversaw the Gwangmu Reform, a partial modernization and westernization of Korea's military, economy, land system, education system, and various industries. In 1905, the Korean Empire became a protectorate of the Empire of Japan. After the Japanese annexation in 1910, the Korean Empire ceased to exist.
NONMEM
NONMEM is a non-linear mixed-effects modeling software package developed by Stuart L. Beal and Lewis B. Sheiner in the late 1970s at University of California, San Francisco, and expanded by Robert Bauer at Icon PLC. Its name is an acronym for nonlinear mixed effects modeling but it is especially powerful in the context of population pharmacokinetics, pharmacometrics, and PK/PD models. 
NONMEM models are written in NMTRAN, a dedicated model specification language that is translated into FORTRAN, compiled on the fly and executed by a command-line script. Results are presented as text output files including tables.  There are multiple interfaces to assist modelers with housekeeping of files, tracking of model development, goodness-of-fit evaluations and graphical output, such as PsN and xpose and Wings for NONMEM. Current version for NONMEM is 7.5.

Non-linear mixed-effects modeling software
Nonlinear mixed-effects models are a special case of regression analysis for which a range of different software solutions are available. The statistical properties of nonlinear mixed-effects models make direct estimation by a BLUE estimator impossible. Nonlinear mixed effects models are therefore estimated according to Maximum Likelihood principles. Specific estimation methods are applied, such as linearization methods as first-order (FO), first-order conditional (FOCE) or the laplacian (LAPL), approximation methods such as iterative-two stage (ITS), importance sampling (IMP), stochastic approximation estimation (SAEM) or direct sampling. A special case is use of non-parametric approaches. Furthermore, estimation in limited or full Bayesian frameworks is performed using the Metropolis-Hastings or the NUTS algorithms. Some software solutions focus on a single estimation method, others cover a range of estimation methods and/or with interfaces for specific use cases.
Tendon
A tendon or sinew is a tough band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. It sends the mechanical forces of muscle contraction to the skeletal system, while withstanding tension.

Tendons, like ligaments, are made of collagen. The difference is that ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone. There are about 4,000 tendons in the adult human body.

Tendon cell
In animal and Human biology, a tendon cell is a cell that makes up tendons, the bands of connective tissue that connects muscles to bones. Tendon cells, also known as tenocytes or tendon fibroblasts, are specialized cells that contribute to the structure, function, and repair of tendons in the body. Tendons are fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones, and tendon cells play a vital role in maintaining tendon homeostasis and facilitating healing following injury.
Spuyten Duyvil Creek
Spuyten Duyvil Creek (/ˈspaɪtən ˈdaɪvəl/) is a short tidal estuary in New York City connecting the Hudson River to the Harlem River Ship Canal and then on to the Harlem River.  The confluence of the three water bodies separate the island of Manhattan from the Bronx and the rest of the mainland. Once a distinct, turbulent waterway between the Hudson and Harlem rivers, the creek has been subsumed by the modern ship canal.

The Bronx neighborhood of Spuyten Duyvil lies to the north of the estuary creek, and the adjacent Manhattan neighborhood of Marble Hill lies to the north of the Ship Canal.

Kingsbridge, Bronx
Kingsbridge is a residential neighborhood in the northwest portion of the Bronx, New York City. Kingsbridge's boundaries are Manhattan College Parkway to the north, the Major Deegan Expressway or Bailey Avenue to the east, West 230th Street to the south, and Irwin Avenue to the west.

The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community Board 8 and its ZIP Code is 10463. Kingsbridge is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 50th Precinct.
Bob Sweetan
Robert Carson (born Robert Beier; July 4, 1940 – February 10, 2017), better known by his ring name Bob Sweetan, was a Canadian professional wrestler. Sweetan was nicknamed "Bruiser" and "Mr. Piledriver", the latter in reference to his finishing maneuver.

Terry Gibbs (wrestler)
Manny Saine (born February 20, 1953) is a retired American professional wrestler better known by his ring name Terry Gibbs. He wrestled for the World Wrestling Federation in the 1980s,  American Wrestling Association, World Wrestling Council, and the National Wrestling Alliance.
The King's Choice
The King's Choice (Norwegian: Kongens nei, meaning "The King's No") is a 2016 biographical war film directed by Erik Poppe. It is a co-production of Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Ireland, and was selected as the Norwegian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards. The film made the shortlist of nine films to be considered for a nomination at the 89th Academy Awards.

Battle of Midtskogen
The Battle of Midtskogen was a minor battle fought on the night of 9–10 April 1940 during the Second World War between a German raiding party and an improvised Norwegian force. The site of the battle was Midtskogen Farm, approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) west of the town of Elverum at the mouth of the Østerdalen valley in southern Norway. The invading German troops aimed to capture King Haakon VII and his cabinet, thereby forcing Norway into submission. After a short battle, the German force withdrew, having lost its commander in the fighting.
Cierva C.19
The Cierva C.19 was a 1930s British two-seat autogyro, designed by Spanish engineer Juan de la Cierva. It was built by Avro as the Avro Type 620. It proved to be the most successful and widely produced of the early de la Cierva designs.

Armstrong Siddeley Genet
The Armstrong Siddeley Genet  is a five-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engine for aircraft use built in the UK, first run in 1926. It developed 80 hp at 2,200 rpm in its final form and was a popular light aircraft powerplant. Following the company tradition with a slight deviation the engine was named after the Genet, a catlike animal of the same order but different family.
AGEod
AGEod (AGE Online Distribution) is a developer and publisher of PC games. The company is incorporated in France and has its head office located in Grenoble. The company specializes in developing history oriented strategy video games built with its proprietary Adaptive Game Engine (AGE), and also publishes third-party titles. AGEod's main goal is offering to players original, cultural, and gaming creations developed by small independent studios and producers that have trouble finding an outlet within the traditional organization of the market.

AGEOD's American Civil War
AGEOD's American Civil War: 1861-1865 - The Blue and the Gray is a historical operational turn-based strategy video game that places players at the head of the United States or Confederate States during the American Civil War (1861–1865).

Players are military and political leaders trying to lead the troops of their nations (armies and fleets) to victory, while making political and economical/financial decisions throughout the game that affect the outcome.

Most of the individual years of campaign between 1861 and 1865 are playable via a separate scenario. Advanced scenarios allow recreation of yearly and/or theater campaigns.

Virtual Programming published the Mac OS X version of the game on April 8, 2011.
Ka Whata Tu O Rakihouia Conservation Park
Ka Whata Tu O Rakihouia Conservation Park is a protected area covering part of the Seaward Kaikoura Range. It is located between Kaikōura and Clarence in the Kaikōura District and Canterbury Region of New Zealand's South Island.

The main breeding colony of the endangered Hutton's shearwater is located in the headwaters of the Kowhai River. The area of the colony is protected as the Mount Uwerau Nature Reserve. This is a strict nature reserve of 1,102 ha (2,720 acres) within the Ka Whata Tu o Rakihouia Conservation Park where no public access is permitted.

The park is managed by the New Zealand Department of Conservation.

Hutton's shearwater
Hutton's shearwater (Puffinus huttoni; also known in Māori as kaikōura tītī)  is a medium-sized ocean-going seabird in the family Procellariidae. Its range is Australian and New Zealand waters, but it breeds only in mainland New Zealand.  Its conservation status is Endangered, because there are just two remaining breeding colonies, located in the Seaward Kaikōura Range. Six other shearwater colonies have been destroyed by introduced pigs. Hutton's shearwater is the only seabird in the world that is known to breed in alpine areas.  Conservation measures for the bird include predator control at the breeding sites, establishing the Kaikōura Dark Sky Sanctuary, and community initiatives to rescue birds that crash-land at night on streets in Kaikōura. A protected breeding area has also been created on the Kaikōura Peninsula, including a pest-exclusion fence and man-made burrows, with the initial population established by translocating fledglings from the remaining breeding colonies.
Japan at the 1994 Asian Games
Japan participated and hosted the 1994 Asian Games held in Hiroshima, Japan from October 2, 1994 to October 16, 1994.
This country was ranked 2nd with 64 gold medals, 75 silver medals and 79 bronze medals with a total of 218 medals
to secure its second spot in the medal tally.

1994 Asian Games
The 1994 Asian Games (1994年アジア競技大会), also known as the XII Asiad and the 12th Asian Games (第12回アジア競技大会) or simply Hiroshima 1994 (広島1994), were held from October 2 to 16, 1994, in Hiroshima, Japan. It was the first Asian Games in history to be hosted in a non-capital city. The main theme of this edition was to promote peace and harmony among Asian nations. This concept was used due to the historical fact that the city was the site of the first atomic bomb attack 49 years earlier. Due to the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq was suspended from the games. The games debuted the five Asian former republics of the Soviet Union: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

There were a total number of 6,828 athletes and officials involved, from 42 countries, with a total number of 34 sports. Debut sports at this edition of the Asiad were baseball, karate and modern pentathlon.
Cyclobutadiene
Cyclobutadiene is an organic compound with the formula C4H4. It is very reactive owing to its tendency to dimerize. Although the parent compound has not been isolated, some substituted derivatives are robust and a single molecule of cyclobutadiene is quite stable. Since the compound degrades by a bimolecular process, the species can be observed by matrix isolation techniques at temperatures below 35 K. It is thought to adopt a rectangular structure.

Chemical trap
In chemistry, a chemical trap is a chemical compound that is used to detect unstable compounds. The method relies on efficiency of bimolecular reactions with reagents to produce a more easily characterize trapped product.  In some cases, the trapping agent is used in large excess.
Iberoevania
Iberoevania is an extinct genus of evaniid which existed in what is now Spain during the early Cretaceous period. It was named by Enrique Peñalver, Jaime Ortega-Blanco, André Nel and Xavier Delclòs in 2010, and the only species is Iberoevania roblesi.

Evaniidae
Evaniidae is a family of parasitoid wasps also known as ensign wasps, nightshade wasps, hatchet wasps, or cockroach egg parasitoid wasps. They number around 20 extant genera containing over 400 described species, and are found all over the world except in the polar regions. The larvae of these solitary wasps are parasitoids that feed on cockroaches and develop inside the egg-cases, or oothecae, of their hosts.
Bird Islands Conservation Park
Bird Islands Conservation Park is a 3.69-square-kilometre (1.42 sq mi) protected area in eastern Spencer Gulf, South Australia. It is located at Warburto Point on Yorke Peninsula, about 10 km (6.2 mi) south of the town of Wallaroo. In 1991, land additions were made to the park to include the intertidal zone of both islands. In 1999, a larger, mainland section was added to support mangroves, samphire and coastal fringe vegetation.

Spencer Gulf
The Spencer Gulf is the westernmost and larger of two large inlets (the other being Gulf St Vincent) on the southern coast of Australia, in the state of South Australia, facing the Great Australian Bight. It spans from the Cape Catastrophe and Eyre Peninsula in the west to Cape Spencer and Yorke Peninsula in the east.

The largest towns on the gulf are Port Lincoln, Whyalla, Port Pirie, and Port Augusta. Smaller towns on the gulf include Tumby Bay, Port Neill, Arno Bay, Cowell, Port Germein, Port Broughton, Wallaroo, Port Hughes, Port Victoria, Port Rickaby, Point Turton, and Corny Point.
Anoplocaryum
Anoplocaryum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae.

Its native range is from Siberia to Mongolia and includes Northwestern Himalaya.

Species:

Anoplocaryum compressum Ledeb.

Anoplocaryum helenae Volot.

Anoplocaryum tenellum A.L.Ebel & Rudaya

Anoplocaryum turczaninowii Krasnob.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Horseshoe Lake (Arizona)
Horseshoe Lake is a reservoir that was formed by the Horseshoe Dam on the Verde River in the U.S. state of Arizona. The lake and dam are located inside the Tonto National Forest is located upstream and north of Bartlett Lake. The dam is managed by the Salt River Project.

Salt River Project
The Salt River Project (SRP) encompasses two separate entities: the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, an agency of the state of Arizona that serves as an electrical utility for the Phoenix metropolitan area, and the Salt River Valley Water Users' Association, a utility cooperative that serves as the primary water provider for much of central Arizona.  It is one of the primary public utility companies in Arizona.

SRP is not related to the Rio Salado Project (Rio Salado is Spanish for Salt River), a series of improvement projects along the Salt River through the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.
Fitzroy North
Fitzroy North is an inner-city suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 4 km (2.5 mi) north-east of the Melbourne central business district, located within the Cities of Merri-bek and Yarra local government areas. Fitzroy North recorded a population of 12,781 at the 2021 census.

Also referred to as North Fitzroy in reference to its southern neighbour, Fitzroy North has a distinct character, noted for its prevalence of wide streets, intact Victorian and Edwardian era terraced housing and for the Edinburgh Gardens, a large inner-city park formerly home to the Fitzroy Football Club. Fitzroy North is adjacent to, and shares a postcode and neighbourhood character with Clifton Hill, both being government subdivisions set on elevated ground and to the same layout by Clement Hodgkinson in the 1870s, and distinct from the earlier narrow and more crowded private subdivisions in the lower lying areas of Fitzroy and Collingwood to the south.

Nicholson Street
Nicholson Street is a street in inner Melbourne. It is named after William Nicholson, who is remembered as the "father of the ballot".  He was also a member of the Legislative Council, and later became Premier of Victoria (from 1859-1860).
Human rights in Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands is a sovereign country in Melanesia consisting of many islands and, as of 2013, a population of 561,231. It became self-governing within the United Kingdom in 1976 after three previous attempts at forming a constitution. The Constitution of Solomon Islands was enacted in 1978, which led to conflicts between cultures; armed conflict in the late 1990s forced a review of the 1978 constitution. The review resulted in the Federal Constitution of the Solomon Islands Bill 2004 and other amendments. The chapter on human rights, however, remained unchanged. Human rights concerns and issues regarding education, water, sanitation, women's rights, and LGBTQ rights remain unresolved.

As per the Constitution of Solomon Islands Statutory Instruments, Chapter II outlines the Fundamental Rights and Freedoms of the Individual:

LGBTQ rights in the Solomon Islands
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people in Solomon Islands face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Male and female same-sex sexual activity is illegal, punishable by up to 14 years imprisonment, but the law is not enforced.
Lobsang Pelden Tenpe Dronme
Lobsang Pelden Tenpe Dronme (Tibetan: ལྕ​ང་སྐྱ་བློ་བཟང་དཔལ་ལྡན​་བསྟན་པའི་སྒྲོན་མེ་, Wylie: lcang skya blo bzang dpal ldan bstan pa'i sgron me, Chinese: 羅桑般殿丹畢蓉梅; pinyin: Luósāng Bāndiàn Dānbì Róngméi; 1890 – 4 March 1957) was a Tibetan Buddhist tulku and lama who was the 7th Changkya Khutukhtu. He was the highest person of Tibetan Buddhism in Inner Mongolia and the fourth highest lamas of Tibetan Buddhism in general. He supported the Kuomintang and accompanied the Republic of China government to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949. He was awarded titles by the Kuomintang and also received living expenses until his death. It is believed that before his death in 1957 he had signed a pledge that he would not reincarnate until the Republic of China retook the mainland.

After his death, his residence in Taipei was converted in February 1993 into the Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center, which includes a memorial to him.

Changkya Khutukhtu
The Changkya Khutukhtu (Chakhar Mongolian: Janggiy-a qutuγ-tu, Khalkha Mongolian: Зангиа Хутагт Zangia Khutagt; Tibetan: ལྕང་སྐྱ་ཧོ་ཐོག་ཐུ།, lcang-skya ho-thog-thu; Chinese: 章嘉呼圖克圖, Zhāngjiā Hūtúkètú) was the title held by the spiritual head of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Inner Mongolia during the Qing dynasty.

The most important lama of this series was the Third Changkya, Rolpai Dorje, who was preceptor to the Qianlong emperor of China, and chief representative of Tibetan Buddhism at the Qing court. He and his successors, mostly based in Beijing, were considered to be the senior Tibetan lamas in China proper and Inner Mongolia. The Seventh Changkya accompanied the Nationalist government to Taiwan in 1949 and died there in 1957.
Ewa Aulin
Ewa Birgitta Aulin (born 13 February 1950) is a Swedish former actress who appeared in a number of Italian and some American films in the 1960s and 1970s. She is remembered for playing the title character in the cult film Candy where she appeared with John Huston, Ringo Starr, Walter Matthau, James Coburn, Richard Burton and Marlon Brando. She is known to horror film fans for starring in Death Smiles on a Murderer, Death Laid an Egg, and Ceremonia Sangrienta (aka Legend of Blood Castle).

Don Juan in Sicily
Don Giovanni in Sicilia, internationally released as Don Juan in Sicily, is a 1967 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Alberto Lattuada. It is loosely based on the novel with the same title by Vitaliano Brancati.