hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aryl group
In organic chemistry, an aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl. "Aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization, and "Ar" is used as a placeholder for the aryl group in chemical structure diagrams, analogous to “R” used for any organic substituent. “Ar” is not to be confused with the elemental symbol for argon.

A simple aryl group is phenyl (C6H5−), a group derived from benzene. Examples of other aryl groups consist of:

The tolyl group (CH3C6H4−) which is derived from toluene (methylbenzene)

The xylyl group ((CH3)2C6H3−), which is derived from xylene (dimethylbenzene)

The naphthyl group (C10H7−), which is derived from naphthalene

Arylation is the process in which an aryl group is attached to a substituent. It is typically achieved by cross-coupling reactions.

Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this:

R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl;
M = main group center such as Li or Mg;
X = halide

These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.  Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
Strategy (Svechin book)
Strategy is the title of the book by Soviet military officer and theoretician Alexander Svechin, first published in 1923, in which he expanded notions and views on the subject of strategy in warfare. It is considered a seminal classic by military historians, academics, and officers worldwide.

Alexander Svechin
Alexander Andreyevich Svechin (Russian: Александр Андреевич Свечин; 17 August 1878 – 28 July 1938) was a Russian and Soviet military leader, military writer, educator, and theorist, and author of the military classic work Strategy.
The Wizard of Lies
The Wizard of Lies is a 2017 American television biopic film directed by Barry Levinson and written by Sam Levinson, Sam Baum, and John Burnham Schwartz, based on the 2011 non-fiction book of the same name by Diana B. Henriques. The film stars Robert De Niro as businessman and fraudster Bernie Madoff, Michelle Pfeiffer as his wife Ruth Madoff, and Alessandro Nivola as their older son Mark Madoff. It aired on HBO on May 20, 2017. This is the fourth film featuring De Niro and Pfeiffer, following Stardust (2007), New Year's Eve (2011) and  The Family (2013), as well as their first collaboration for television.

John Burnham Schwartz
John Burnham Schwartz (born 1965) is an American novelist and screenwriter. Schwartz is best known for his novels Reservation Road (1998) and The Commoner (2008).  His fifth novel, Northwest Corner, a sequel to Reservation Road, was published in 2011. He is an editor at large at Penguin Random House.
Schwagstock
Schwagstock is a music festival that takes place outdoors over the course of a weekend. It was intended to carry on the vibe of the Woodstock festival. Food, trinkets, glassware, carvings, beads, blankets, tie-dye clothing, and many other handmade and hippie-appeal items were available for sale by individual vendors. Attendees were allowed to camp anywhere they wished on the campgrounds, and could choose to set up tents or to camp in their vehicles instead. Music was scheduled such that there were several overlapping live music acts between the main stage and the sideshow(s) from early afternoon until early morning.  Past Schwagstocks have been held at Lesterville, Leasburg and Bagnell Dam in Missouri, and in Iowa, but between 2004 and 2010 all Schwagstocks were held at Camp Zoe, south of Salem, Shannon County, Missouri. Currently, Schwagenstock is held at Mother Nature's Riverfront Retreat, in Macks Creek, Missouri.

Echo Bluff State Park
Echo Bluff State Park (4.6 out of 5 stars) is a public recreation area comprising 476 acres (193 ha) of land in Newton Township, Shannon County, Missouri, United States. The state park occupies the site of former Camp Zoe, a summer camp for children that opened in 1929. The park was named for the massive cliff that towers over one side of Sinking Creek.
Luis Shinohara
Luis Juniti Shinohara (born August 29, 1954) is a retired judoka from Brazil, who won a total number of three medals at the Pan American Games during his career. He also competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics.

He coaches Olympic medalist judoka Felipe Kitadai.  His father is Brazilian-Japanese Judo pioneer, Massao Shinohara.

Massao Shinohara
Massao Shinohara (1925 – 2020) was a judoka from Brazil. Massao is considered to be a pioneer of Judo in Brazil.  In 2017 he was the only 10th Dan in Judo in Brazil.  At the age of 15, Massao began practicing Judo.  Massao was the coach of the 1984 Judo Olympic Team for Brazil.  He coached numerous individuals including his son, the future Judo National Team of Brazil Coach Luiz Shinohara. He died at the age of 95 in 2020.
Coalition Provisional Authority
Iraq came under United States military occupation following the invasion of the country on 19 March 2003 by U.S.-led Coalition forces that marked the fall of the Ba'athist regime led by Saddam Hussein. As a result, the U.S. formed the  Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) that served as the transitional government established in May 2003 under the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483 (2003) and the laws of war, and vested itself with executive, legislative, and judiciary authority over the Iraqi government from the period of the CPA's inception on 21 April 2003 until its dissolution on 28 June 2004.

The CPA was admonished for its mismanagement of funds allocated to the reconstruction of post-invasion Iraq, with over $8 billion of these unaccounted for, including over $1.6 billion in cash that emerged in a basement in Lebanon. The CPA has been described as a puppet government of the U.S..

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1483
United Nations Security Council resolution 1483, adopted on 22 May 2003, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation between Iraq and Kuwait, the Council lifted trade sanctions against Iraq (excluding an arms embargo) and terminated the Oil-for-Food Programme.

The resolution was drafted by the United States and co-sponsored by Spain and the United Kingdom; it was approved by 14 of 15 Security Council members as Syria did not participate in the voting.
Leendert de Lange
Leendert Arent-Willem de Lange (born 13 November 1972) is a Dutch politician. He has been mayor of Wassenaar since 18 July 2019. Previously he was a member of the House of Representatives for the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, serving from 31 March 2015 to 23 March 2017 and once again from 31 October 2017 to 3 July 2019. De Lange was alderman in Noordwijk between 2006 and 2013 and in Wassenaar between 2013 and 2014 where he also served as deputy mayor.

Wassenaar
Wassenaar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɑsənaːr] ⓘ; population: 26,949 in 2021) is a municipality and town located in the province of South Holland, on the western coast of the Netherlands.

An affluent suburb of The Hague, Wassenaar lies 10 km (6 mi) north of that city on the N44/A44 highway near the North Sea coast. It is part of the Haaglanden region and the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area. The municipality covers an area of 62.40 km2 (24.09 sq mi), of which 11.29 km2 (4.36 sq mi) is covered by water.

Wassenaar is home to some of the Netherlands' richest residential neighborhoods as well as the country's most expensive street, the Konijnenlaan.
Tom Kalender
Tom Kalender (born 27 March 2008 in Hamm) is a German racing driver currently competing in DTM for Landgraf Motorsport. He is the youngest champion in ADAC GT Masters history at sixteen years, six months and 23 days old.

2025 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The 2025 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters was the thirty-ninth season of the premier German touring car championship, as well as the twenty-sixth season under the moniker of Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters since the series' resumption in 2000. It was the fifth season of the DTM to be run under Group GT3 regulations, and the third under ADAC's promotion.
Maurice Denis
Maurice Denis (French: [dəni]; 25 November 1870 – 13 November  1943) was a French painter, decorative artist, and writer. An important figure in the transitional period between impressionism and modern art, he is associated with  Les Nabis, symbolism, and later neo-classicism. His theories contributed to the foundations of cubism, fauvism, and abstract art. Following the First World War, he founded the Ateliers d'Art Sacré (Workshops of Sacred Art), decorated the interiors of churches, and worked for a revival of religious art.

Pierre Bonnard
Pierre Bonnard (French: [pjɛʁ bɔnaʁ]; 3 October 1867 – 23 January 1947) was a French painter, illustrator and printmaker, known especially for the stylized decorative qualities of his paintings and his bold use of color. A founding member of the Post-Impressionist group of avant-garde painters Les Nabis, his early work was strongly influenced by the work of Paul Gauguin, as well as the prints of Hokusai and other Japanese artists. Bonnard was a leading figure in the transition from Impressionism to Modernism. He painted landscapes, urban scenes, portraits and intimate domestic scenes, where the backgrounds, colors and painting style usually took precedence over the subject.
Dylan Walshe
Dylan Robert Walshe (Irish: Dylan Breathnach) is an Irish folk music singer-songwriter. Born and raised in southeast Dublin, he is based in Black Mountain, North Carolina. He has toured with Flogging Molly, Avatar, The White Buffalo, The Mahones and recorded with James Fearnley of The Pogues.

Flogging Molly
Flogging Molly is an Irish-American seven-piece Celtic punk band formed in Los Angeles in 1997, led by Irish vocalist Dave King, formerly of the hard rock band Fastway. They are signed to their own record label, Borstal Beat Records.
Lake Tinquicocha
Lake Tinquicocha (possibly from Quechua t'inki union, qucha lake) is a lake in Peru located in the Huanuco Region, Lauricocha Province, Cauri District at a height of about 4,365 m. It is located in the Raura mountain range, southeast of Lake Patarcocha, west of Lake Carhuacocha and north of the smaller Lake Puyhuancocha. Lake Tinquicocha is 2 km long and 0.47 km at its widest point.

Lake Carhuacocha (San Miguel de Cauri)
Lake Carhuacocha (possibly from Quechua qarwa leaf worm, larva of a beetle / pale / yellowish / golden, qucha lake) is a lake in Peru located in Huánuco Region, Lauricocha Province, San Miguel de Cauri District. It lies south of Lake Lauricocha, between Lake Tinquicocha in the west and Quiulacocha in the east, northeast of Raura mountain range.
All Souled Out
All Souled Out is the debut EP by Pete Rock & CL Smooth. It was released in the summer of 1991 to rave reviews and spawned a modest hit in "The Creator".

After participation in the production and/or remixes of songs by various hip hop and R&B artists in the late 1980s to early 1990s, the duo signed to Elektra Records.  All Souled Out was a warm up to their debut album, Mecca and the Soul Brother. All the rapping on the album is performed by C.L. Smooth with the exception of "The Creator", a Pete Rock solo track. A deluxe edition of All Souled Out was released on February 18, 2014 on Traffic Entertainment Group, featuring the original 6 EP tracks, along with remix and instrumental versions of "The Creator" & "Mecca & the Soul Brother".

The first single "The Creator" was featured in the opening credits of the 2015 Christmas film, The Night Before.

Mecca and the Soul Brother
Mecca and the Soul Brother is the 1992 debut album from hip-hop duo Pete Rock & CL Smooth. The album contains their best known song, "They Reminisce Over You (T.R.O.Y.)". Mecca and the Soul Brother has been widely acclaimed as one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. The album was mostly produced by Pete Rock and executive produced by DJ Eddie F of Heavy D & the Boyz (co-group member with Trouble T-Roy).
Keratea
Keratea (Greek: Κερατέα) is a town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lavreotiki, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 129.864 km2. It is part of Athens metropolitan area.

Lavreotiki
Lavreotiki (Greek: Λαυρεωτική) is a municipality at the southeasternnmost tip of the Attica peninsula in the Greek regional unit of East Attica. Its municipal seat is the town of Lavrio.

It is historically important as a significant ancient mining district, most notably in the villages of Lavrio and Thorikos on the southeastern seaboard during the 6th, 5th, and 4th centuries BCE. As such it financed the wealth of Athens and the emergence of the Athenian Empire through the slave-powered mining efforts for silver and lead, beginning with the discovery of 2 deep-vein mining efforts during the 480's.  Prior to that development, which at Themistocles urging in 483 BC led to the expansion of the Athenian fleet to 200 ships, only surface-mining was deployed as a technique for harvesting silver.  More than 250 ore washeries have been identified by archaeologists and geologists in the district.
The Groundstar Conspiracy
The Groundstar Conspiracy is a 1972 American neo-noir crime film directed by Lamont Johnson. It stars George Peppard and Michael Sarrazin.

Douglas Heyes' screenplay (written under his frequent pseudonym, Matthew Howard) was adapted very freely from L. P. Davies' 1968 novel, The Alien. It was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia, and produced by Hal Roach Productions in Canada.

George Peppard
George Peppard (October 1, 1928 – May 8, 1994) was an American actor. He secured a major role as struggling writer Paul Varjak when he starred alongside Audrey Hepburn in Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), and later portrayed a character based on Howard Hughes in The Carpetbaggers (1964). On television, he played the title role of millionaire insurance investigator and sleuth Thomas Banacek in the early-1970s mystery series Banacek. He played Col. John "Hannibal" Smith, the cigar-smoking leader of a renegade commando squad in the 1980s action television series The A-Team.
Lorenzo Quiros
Lorenzo Quiros (1717–1789) was a Spanish historical painter, and imitator of Murillo. He was born at Santos in Extremadura. He studied at Seville under Bernardo German Llórente, then he went to Madrid, but his turbulent disposition induced him to abandon the patronage of Corrado Giaquinto and Anton Rafael Mengs, who were disposed to employ him. He returned to Seville, where he remained for twenty years without ever acquainting anyone with his place of residence. He sold copies of the works of Murillo. He left works at Madrid, at the Royal Academy of San Fernando, at Canalla, Granada, Xeres and Seville.

Bernardo Germán de Llórente
Bernardo Germán de Llórente (1685 – 1757) was a Spanish painter of the late-Baroque period.  He was active in Seville where he was one of the followers of Murillo and made a name with his devotional paintings of the Virgin Mary. He also painted portraits and still lifes with trompe-l'œil effects.
Battle of Annaberg
The Battle of (the) Annaberg (Polish: Bitwa o Górę Św. Anny) was the biggest battle of the Silesian Uprisings. The battle, which took place between May 21–26, 1921, was fought at the Annaberg (Polish: Góra Św. Anny), a strategic hill near the village of Annaberg O.S. (Góra Świętej Anny), located southeast of Oppeln (Opole) in Upper Silesia, Weimar Germany. After the hill had been captured by irregular Polish-Silesian units in the Third Silesian Uprising, German Freikorps pushed the Polish forces back. The final border was determined by political and diplomatic efforts.

Province of Upper Silesia
The Province of Upper Silesia (German: Provinz Oberschlesien; Silesian German: Provinz Oberschläsing; Silesian: Prowincyjŏ Gōrny Ślōnsk; Polish: Prowincja Górny Śląsk) was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1919 to 1945. It comprised much of the region of Upper Silesia and was eventually divided into two government regions (Regierungsbezirke) called Kattowitz (1939–1945), and Oppeln (1819–1945). The provincial capital was Oppeln (1919–1938) and Kattowitz (1941–1945), while other major towns included Beuthen, Gleiwitz, Hindenburg O.S., Neiße, Ratibor and Auschwitz, added in 1941 (the place of future extermination of Jews in World War II). Between 1938 and 1941 it was reunited with Lower Silesia as the Province of Silesia.
Colin Furze
Colin Furze (born (1979-10-14)14 October 1979) is a British YouTuber, inventor, engineer, and television presenter from Stamford, Lincolnshire. He is best known for his eccentric engineering projects and DIY inventions showcased on his YouTube channel, which has over 13 million subscribers and more than 1.8 billion views. His notable creations include a working hoverbike, an underground bunker, the world's longest motorcycle, a 71 mph (114 km/h) mobility scooter, and a motorised pram, many of which have broken Guinness World Records.

Originally trained as a plumber, Furze began uploading videos to YouTube in 2007 and gained popularity for his inventive and often dangerous contraptions, many of which are built in his home workshop. He has collaborated with major franchises such as Assassin's Creed, X-Men, and Star Wars, and has made appearances on British and German television, including Gadget Geeks and Joko gegen Klaas – Das Duell um die Welt.

Gadget Geeks
Gadget Geeks is a British television series that aired on Sky1, and focused on technology and gadgets. The series differed to the Channel 5 series The Gadget Show, in that it did not just feature commercially available technology, but also specially built items designed by the in-house "geeks" (Tom Scott, Colin Furze, and Charles Yarnold).

The show was commissioned by Sky in 2011. After the show was aired, it was not commissioned for another series.
Richard Ashcroft
Richard Paul Ashcroft (born 11 September 1971) is an English musician, singer, and songwriter. He formed the alternative rock band the Verve in 1990 and served as the sole songwriter, lead singer and rhythm guitarist throughout the band's lifetime. In 2000, Ashcroft embarked on a solo career, releasing six UK top-three solo albums, including Alone with Everybody, Keys to the World and These People.

Ashcroft's songwriting has been commended by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors twice with an Ivor Novello Award. The Verve's Urban Hymns is one of the UK's best-selling albums of all time. Ashcroft's work has influenced artists such as Oasis, Coldplay, and the Britpop and indie rock genres. Noel Gallagher of Oasis described Ashcroft as a "genius", and Chris Martin of Coldplay called him "the best singer in the world".

On 10 October 2025, Ashcroft released his seventh studio album, Lovin' You.

Alone with Everybody
Alone with Everybody is the first solo album by English singer-songwriter Richard Ashcroft, released via Hut Records in June 2000 (see 2000 in British music).
The songs "A Song for the Lovers", "C'mon People (We're Making It Now)" and "New York" were initially recorded with the Verve for their 1997 album Urban Hymns, but were never released.
Shakhty Trial
The Shakhty Trial (Russian: Ша́хтинское де́ло) was the first important Soviet show trial since the case of the Socialist Revolutionary Party in 1922. Fifty-three engineers and managers from the North Caucasus town of Shakhty were arrested in 1928 after being accused of conspiring to sabotage the Soviet economy with the former owners of the coal mines. The trial was conducted on May 18, 1928, in House of Trade Unions, Moscow. Thirty-four of the accused received prison terms, while eleven were sentenced to death (with six being executed; the rest received commutations). The remainder were acquitted or received suspended sentences.

Shakhty
Shakhty (Russian: Шахты, IPA: [ˈʂaxtɨ], Ukrainian: Шахти) is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the southeastern spur of the Donetsk mountain ridge, 75 kilometers (47 mi) northeast of Rostov-on-Don. As of the 2023 Census, its population was 222,500.

It was previously known as Alexandro-Grushevskaya (until 1867), Gornoye Grushevskoye Poseleniye (until 1881), Alexandrovsk-Grushevsky (until 1920). It was renamed to its current name when it was part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Ikaw ang Aking Mahal
"Ikaw ang Aking Mahal" ("You Are My Love") is a song by VST & Company. Its lyrics were penned by songwriter Joey de Leon while the music was composed by Tito Sotto and bassist Spanky Rigor. Released on their debut album VST, the ballad has been recorded by many other Filipino artists. The B-side, the disco number "Awitin Mo at Isasayaw Ko" ("You Sing and I'll Dance") is also one of the group's biggest hits. It is the last track on the group's debut album VST.

Sotto said in an interview with Arnold Clavio that the single became a monster hit to rival Boyfriends' "Dahil Mahal Kita" ("Because I Love You").

Awitin Mo at Isasayaw Ko
"Awitin Mo at Isasayaw Ko" (lit. 'You Sing and I'll Dance') is a disco song by the Filipino group VST & Company. Although released only as a B-side of the ballad "Ikaw ang Aking Mahal" ("You Are My Love"), it is one of group's biggest hits in the country. The lyrics were penned by Joey de Leon and its melody by Vic Sotto and arranged by Lorrie Illustre. Recorded at Cinema Audio in 1978.

De Leon revealed in an interview with Lourd de Veyra on the show Wasak that Sotto sang the melody to him via telephone and he quickly wrote the lyrics. Librettist and Filipina actress Bibeth Orteza recalls that she was present during the recording of this song and said that she told Vic Sotto about the material, Sotto said to her that there is no way she can present it as a contemporary.

In December 2016, Ballet Philippines' new dance musical of the same name featured VST & Company songs.
Marin Premeru
Marin Premeru (born 29 August 1990, in Rijeka) is a Croatian discus thrower and shot putter with a personal best of 63.38 in the discus and 20.59 in the shot put. With 22.79 metres, Premeru is the third best youth competitor in history in 5 kg shot put.

Premeru was coached by Ivan Ivančić.

Premeru served a four-year ban from 2016 to 2020 for an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for GHRP-2.

Ivan Ivančić
Ivan Ivančić (6 December 1937 – 28 August 2014) was a Croatian athletics coach and shot putter who represented Yugoslavia. He was the gold medalist in the 1975 Mediterranean Games, as well as a multiple national champion and record holder. As a coach, Ivančić specialized in the throwing events, and was best known for coaching Sandra Perković, an Olympic and two-time World discus throw champion.
Tennessee State Route 107
State Route 107 (SR 107) is a 78.77-mile (126.77 km) state highway in eastern Tennessee, United States. It begins at an intersection with Round Mountain Road south of Del Rio and ends at the North Carolina state line east of Unicoi, where it becomes NC 226.

It travels through the incorporated municipalities of Greeneville, Tusculum, Erwin and Unicoi, and the communities of Del Rio, South Greene, Horse Creek, South Central, Lamar, Embreeville and Limestone Cove.

North Carolina Highway 226
North Carolina Highway 226 (NC 226) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  Traveling north–south through Western North Carolina, it connects the cities and towns of Grover, Shelby, Marion, Spruce Pine and Bakersville.  It also a scenic byway in the South Mountains area and connects with the summer colony of Little Switzerland, via NC 226A.