hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Dufford
Robert J. Dufford, S.J. (born 1943) is a Jesuit priest, a member of the St. Louis Jesuits musical group and a composer of Catholic liturgical music. One of his songs is "Be Not Afraid." His work is included in such hymnals as Glory and Praise and Gather.

St. Louis Jesuits
The  St. Louis Jesuits are a group of Catholic composers who composed music for worship most often in a folk music style of church music in their compositions and recordings, mainly from their heyday in the 1970s through the mid-1980s. Made up of Jesuit scholastics at St. Louis University, the group initially used acoustic guitars and contemporary-style melodies and rhythms to set biblical and other religious texts to music sung in English in response to the liturgical reforms of the Second Vatican Council.

John Kavanaugh, also a Jesuit and composer, never worked with the group; however, a few of his compositions were included in the first collection, "Neither Silver Nor Gold," which was produced before the original members decided to further collaborate and record together.
United States women's national beach soccer team
The United States women's national beach soccer team represents the United States in international beach soccer competitions. It is controlled by the United States Soccer Federation (USSF), the governing body for soccer in the United States.

The program was officially launched in 2019 and has been steadily developing through domestic training camps, international friendlies, and regional CONCACAF competitions.

United States Soccer Federation
The United States Soccer Federation (USSF), commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of soccer in the United States. It is a full member of FIFA and governs American soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, Major League Soccer (MLS), the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), youth organizations, as well as the beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic, and deaf national teams. U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States. It also administers and operates the U.S. Open Cup and SheBelieves Cup. U.S. Soccer is headquartered in Chicago.
Bartitsu
Bartitsu is an eclectic martial art and self-defence method originally developed in England in 1898–1902, combining elements of boxing, jujutsu, cane-fighting, and savate. In 1903, it was immortalised (mistakenly as "baritsu") by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the Sherlock Holmes mystery stories. Dormant throughout most of the 20th century, Bartitsu has experienced a revival since 2002.

Edward William Barton-Wright
Edward William Barton-Wright CE, FRSA, MJS (member of the Japan Society) (8 November 1860 – 13 September 1951) was an English entrepreneur specialising in both self defence training and physical therapy. He is remembered today as one of the first Europeans to both learn and teach Japanese martial arts and as a pioneer of the concept of hybrid martial arts.
Light aircraft carrier
A light aircraft carrier, or light fleet carrier, is an aircraft carrier smaller than the standard carriers of a navy. The precise definition of the type varies by country; light carriers typically have a complement of aircraft only one-half to two-thirds the size of a full-sized fleet carrier. A light carrier was similar in concept to an escort carrier in most respects; however, light carriers were intended for higher speeds to be deployed alongside fleet carriers, while escort carriers were typically relatively slow and usually defended equally slow convoys, as well as providing air support during amphibious operations.

USS Saipan (CVL-48)
The first USS Saipan (CVL-48/AVT-6/CC-3/AGMR-2) was a light aircraft carrier of the United States Navy, she was the lead ship of her class. She was later selected for conversion into a command ship in 1963–1964, but instead was converted to the Major Communications Relay Ship Arlington (AGMR-2) in 1965.
Caryopsis
In botany, a caryopsis (pl. caryopses) is a type of simple fruit—one that is monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel) and indehiscent (not opening at maturity)  and resembles an achene, except that in a caryopsis the pericarp is fused with the thin seed coat.

The caryopsis is popularly called a grain and is the fruit typical of the family Poaceae (or Gramineae), which includes wheat, rice, maize, and oat.

The term grain is also used in a more general sense as synonymous with cereal (as in "cereal grains", which include some non-Poaceae). Considering that the fruit wall and the seed are intimately fused into a single unit, and the caryopsis or grain is a dry fruit, little concern is given to technically separating the terms fruit and seed in these plant structures. In many grains, the "hulls" to be separated before processing are flower bracts.

Fruit (plant structure)
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.

Fruitlike structures may develop directly from the seed itself rather than the ovary, such as a fleshy aril or sarcotesta.

The grains of grasses are single-seed simple fruits wherein the pericarp and seed coat are fused into one layer. This type of fruit is called a caryopsis. Examples include cereal grains, such as wheat, barley, oats and rice.
Bishop of Grantham
The Bishop of Grantham is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Lincoln, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the market town of Grantham in Lincolnshire.  The suffragan bishop has particular oversight of the Archdeaconry of Boston.

Nicholas Chamberlain, the present incumbent, was consecrated Bishop of Grantham on 19 November 2015. In 2016, Chamberlain announced he is gay and in a partnership, becoming the first bishop to do so in the Church of England.

Grantham
Grantham (/ˈɡrænθəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the banks of the River Witham and bounded to the west by the A1 road; it lies 23 miles (37 km) south of Lincoln and 22 miles (35 km) east of Nottingham. The population in 2016 was 44,580. The town is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of the South Kesteven District.

Grantham was the birthplace of the UK's former prime minister Margaret Thatcher. The mathematician and scientist Isaac Newton was educated at the King's School. The town was the workplace of the UK's first warranted female police officer, Edith Smith, in 1914. The UK's first running diesel engine was made there in 1892 and the first tractor in 1896. Thomas Paine worked there as an excise officer in the 1760s. The villages of Manthorpe, Great Gonerby, Barrowby, Londonthorpe and Harlaxton form outlying suburbs of the town.
Palazzo Nonfinito
The Palazzo Nonfinito (Italian: lit. Unfinished Palace) is a Mannerist-style palace located on Via del Proconsolo #12, (corner with Via del Corso) in central Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. Begun in 1593 using designs by the architect Bernardo Buontalenti, only the ground floor was completed, and additional construction was added later by different architects. The palace houses the Anthropology and Ethnology section of the Museum of Natural History of Florence.

Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze
The Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze is a natural history museum in 6 major collections, located in Florence, Italy. It is part of the University of Florence. Museum collections are open mornings except Wednesday, and all day Saturday; an admission fee is charged.

The museum was established on February 21, 1775 by Grand Duke Pietro Leopoldo as the Imperial Regio Museo di Fisica e Storia Naturale. At that time it consisted of several natural history collections housed within the palazzo Torrigiani on Via Romana. Through the past two centuries, it has grown significantly and now forms one of the finest collections in Italy.
Sekigahara-juku
Sekigahara-juku (関ヶ原宿, Sekigahara-juku) was the fifty-eighth of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It is located in former Mino Province in what is now part of the town of Sekigahara, Fuwa District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

69 Stations of the Nakasendō
The 69 Stations of the Nakasendō (中山道六十九次, Nakasendō Rokujūkyū-tsugi) are the rest areas along the Nakasendō, which ran from Nihonbashi in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Sanjō Ōhashi in Kyoto. The route stretched approximately 534 km (332 mi) and was an alternate trade route to the Tōkaidō.
Daetong-bap
Daetong-bap (Korean: 대통밥) or juktong-bap (죽통밥) is a South Korean dish consisting of rice mixed with various nuts, beans, and grains steamed in bamboo. This imparts the fragrance from the bamboo into the rice. The mixed rice is then eaten out of the bamboo.

The dish is native to Damyang, South Jeolla Province. Damyang grows the most bamboo plants in Korea. Bamboo grown for more than 3 years is best suited for daetong-bap, and it is recommended to use bamboo only once to impart the most fragrance possible into the rice.

Sticky rice in bamboo
Sticky rice in bamboo is a common Southeast Asian dish consisting of sticky rice roasted inside specially prepared bamboo sections of different diameters and lengths. It is consumed both as a savory food and as a sweet dessert.
Geneseo, New York
Geneseo /ˌdʒɛnɪˈsiːoʊ/ is a town in Livingston County in the Finger Lakes region of New York, United States. It is at the south end of the five-county Rochester Metropolitan Area. The population of the town was 10,483 at the 2010 census.

The English name "Geneseo" is an anglicization of the Seneca name for the earlier Seneca town there, Jo’néhsiyoh, meaning "Good sand there." The village of Geneseo lies within the western portion of the town. The village and town are known today mainly as the home of the State University of New York at Geneseo.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Combo drive
A combo drive is an optical disc drive that combines two different types of optical media functionality into a single unit. The most common definition refers to a drive that can read and write to CDs but can only read DVDs. However, the term has also been used to describe newer drives that combine other formats.

Optical disc drive
In computing, an optical disc drive (ODD) is a disc drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within or near the visible light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read from certain discs, while other drives can both read and record. Those drives are called burners or writers since they physically burn the data onto the discs. Compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read and recorded by such drives.

Although most laptop manufacturers no longer have optical drives bundled with their products, external drives are still available for purchase separately.
Sophat
Sophat (Khmer: សូផាត [soːpʰaːt]) was the first Cambodian romance novel written in 1938 by Rim Kin and was published in 1942. Along with Kolab Pailin and Phka Srapoun, Sophat is widely regarded as the “first” Cambodian novel and is considered one of the three classic novels of Khmer literature, though Tuek Tonle Sap ("The Waters of Tonle Sap"), by Kim Hak had been printed in 1939.

Phka Srapoun
Phka Srapoun (Khmer: ផ្កាស្រពោន, Phka Srâpoŭn [pʰkaː srɑpoːn]; lit. 'Wilted Flower') is a Khmer novel written by Nou Hach and published in 1949. Along with Kolab Pailin and Sophat, Phka Srapoun is considered one of the three classic novels of modern Khmer literature. The novel is set during the French colonial period of Cambodia. The story portrays the Cambodian tradition of arranged marriages.
Kyabram
Kyabram (/kaɪˈæbrəm/) is a town in north central Victoria, Australia. Kyabram is located in the centre of a rich irrigation district in the Goulburn River Valley, 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Melbourne. The name of the town is thought to derive from a Bangerang word 'Kiambram' meaning 'thick forest'.

It is the second-largest town in the Shire of Campaspe, situated between the towns of Echuca and Shepparton and is close to the Murray River, Goulburn River, Campaspe River and Waranga Basin. As of the 2021 census the town had a population of 7,416 people and provides services to a district population of around 16,000.
Surrounding smaller towns include Merrigum, Lancaster, Undera, Cooma, Wyuna, Kyvalley, Girgarre, Stanhope and Tongala.

Tongala
Tongala /təŋˈɡɑːlə/ is a town in the Goulburn Valley region of northern Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Shire of Campaspe local government area, between Kyabram and Echuca, 225 kilometres (140 mi) north of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Tongala had a population of 1,926.
Tainan Prefecture
Tainan Prefecture (臺南州/台南州, Tainan-shū) was one of the administrative divisions of Taiwan during the Japanese rule. The prefecture consisted of modern-day Tainan City, Chiayi City, Chiayi County, and Yunlin County.

Yunlin County
Yunlin is a county in western Taiwan. Yunlin County borders the Taiwan Strait to the west, Nantou County to the east, Changhua County to the north at the Zhuoshui River, and Chiayi County to the south at the Beigang River. It has a population of 664,963 as of 2022.

Yunlin is part of the Chianan Plain, a flat land known for its agriculture. Agricultural products of Yunlin County include pomelo, tea leaves, suan cai, papaya and melon. Yunlin's rivers give it potential for hydroelectricity. Douliu is the largest and capital city of Yunlin. It is the only county on the main island of Taiwan where no city with the same name exists. Yunlin is one of the least developed counties on the West coast, and suffers from emigration.
Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.

Lives-sur-Meuse
Lives-sur-Meuse (French pronunciation: [liv syʁ møz], literally Lives on Meuse; Walloon: Live) is a sub-municipality of the city of Namur located in the province of Namur, Wallonia, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1977. On 1 January 1977, it was merged into Namur.
Cross fleury
A cross fleury (or flory) is a cross adorned at the ends with flowers in heraldry. It generally contains the fleur-de-lis, trefoils, etc. Synonyms or minor variants include fleuretty, fleuronny, floriated and flourished.

In early armory, it is not consistently distinguished from the cross patonce.

Crosses in heraldry
A number of cross symbols were developed for the purpose of the emerging system of heraldry, which appeared in Western Europe in about 1200. This tradition is partly in the use of the Christian cross an emblem from the 11th century, and increasingly during the age of the Crusades. Many cross variants were developed in the classical tradition of heraldry during the late medieval and early modern periods. Heraldic crosses are inherited in modern iconographic traditions and are used in numerous national flags.
Winchester Public Schools (Connecticut)
Winchester Public Schools (WPS) is the school district for the town of Winchester, Connecticut. It includes Winsted.

The district serves elementary grades (K-6) while middle and high school students are sent to Gilbert School. The district previously served middle school grades. In 2011 Gilbert School agreed to take middle school students. The district no longer took middle school students effective 2011.

In 2017 Melony Brady-Shanley became the superintendent of the district.

By 2018 enrollment in the district had declined.

Winchester, Connecticut
Winchester is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 10,224 at the 2020 census. The city of Winsted is located in Winchester. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region.
Client–server model
The client–server model is a form of messaging pattern in a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters, called clients. Often clients and servers communicate over a computer network on separate hardware, but both client and server may be on the same device. A server host  runs one or more server programs, which share their resources with clients. A client usually does not share its computing resources, but it requests content or service from a server and may share its own content as part of the request. Clients, therefore, initiate communication sessions with servers, which await incoming requests.
Examples of computer applications that use the client–server model are email, network printing, and the World Wide Web.

Application layer
An application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications network. An application layer abstraction is specified in both the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and the OSI model. Although both models use the same term for their respective highest-level layer, the detailed definitions and purposes are different.
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations
The Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) is a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) which operates a wide variety of specialized ships and aircraft to carry out the environmental and scientific missions of NOAA.

NOAAS Thomas Jefferson
NOAAS Thomas Jefferson (S 222) is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hydrographic survey vessel in service since 2003. The ship was built for the United States Navy as USNS Littlehales (T-AGS-52) serving as one of two new coastal hydrographic survey vessels from 1992 until transfer to NOAA in 2003 when it was named after Founding Father and third U.S. president, Thomas Jefferson.
Kate Beahan
Kate Beahan (born 12 October 1974) is an Australian film actress.
Beahan was born in Perth. She appeared mostly in movies and TV series in Australia. Her best-known American film role was playing Sister Willow Woodward in the 2006 horror remake The Wicker Man opposite Nicolas Cage.

Her father, Michael Beahan, was an Australian Labor Party Senator from Western Australia from 1987 to 1996.

Michael Beahan
Michael Eamon Beahan AM (21 January 1937 – 30 January 2022) was a British-born Australian politician who served as the 19th President of the Australian Senate, holding that position from 1 February 1994 to 30 June 1996. He was a Senator representing Western Australia in the Australian Senate from 1987 to 1996.
Mori Ōgai
Lieutenant-General Mori Rintarō (森 林太郎; February 17, 1862 – July 8, 1922), known by his pen name Mori Ōgai (森 鷗外; Japanese pronunciation: [mo.ɾʲi (|) oꜜː.ɡai, -ŋai]), was a Japanese Army Surgeon general officer, translator, novelist, poet and father of famed author Mari Mori. He obtained his medical license at a very young age and introduced translated German language literary works to the Japanese public. Mori Ōgai also was considered the first to successfully express the art of western poetry in Japanese. He wrote many works and created many writing styles. The Wild Geese (1911–1913) is considered his major work. After his death, he was considered one of the leading writers who modernized Japanese literature.

His continued obstinacy to recognize beriberi as a thiamine deficiency led to the death of more than 27,000 Japanese soldiers.

Shibue Chūsai
Shibue Chūsai (渋江 抽斎; December 28, 1805 – October 5, 1858) was a Japanese physician of the late Edo period, who served the Tsugaru clan of Hirosaki. He was the subject of a biography by Mori Ōgai, based on the Shibue family papers and serialised in 1916.
Richard Schechner
Richard Schechner  in American academic and theater director. He founded the New York City experimental theater company The Performance Group and is a pioneer of the field of performance studies. He is University Professor Emeritus at the Tisch School of the Arts, New York University, and editor of TDR: The Drama Review.

Dionysus in 69
Dionysus in 69 was a theatrical production directed and conceived by Richard Schechner, founder and longtime artistic director of the Performance Group (TPG), a New York-based experimental theater troupe. An adaptation of The Bacchae by Greek playwright Euripides, it was documented in a film by  Brian de Palma, Bruce Joel Rubin, and Robert Fiore titled Dionysus in '69.

Dionysus in 69 was an example of Schechner's practice of environmental theater, utilizing space and the audience in such ways as to bring them in close contact with each other. Dionysus in 69 challenged notions of the orthodox theater by deconstructing Euripides' text, interpolating text and action devised by the performers, and involving the spectators in an active and sensory artistic experience. The film merged footage from the final two performances of the play in July 1969.

Dionysus in 69 won a 1969 Obie Award, and was published in 1970 by Noonday Press, with photographs of the production by Frederick Eberstadt.
Minnesota Supreme Court
The Minnesota Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The court hears cases in the Supreme Court chamber in the Minnesota State Capitol or in the nearby Minnesota Judicial Center.

Minnesota Judicial Center
The Minnesota Judicial Center, adjacent to the State Capitol, houses the state's Supreme Court and Court of Appeals, as well as the Workers' Compensation Court of Appeals and the state law library. Its address is 25 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Blvd., Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.

The building was constructed on the former site of the Mechanic Arts High School, which was demolished in 1914 for further development of the state capitol. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Minnesota Historical Society Building, as it was built for that institution. In 1992, the society moved to a new building nearby, the Minnesota History Center.

The neoclassical front of the building has eight two-story Ionic columns of granite. Above them are Roman numerals representing the establishment of the Minnesota Historical Society in 1849 and the year the building was completed, 1917. It was dedicated on May 11, 1918, the sixtieth anniversary of statehood.
Indictment
An indictment (/ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/ in-DYTE-mənt) is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that use the concept of felonies, the most serious criminal offense is a felony. Jurisdictions that do not use that concept often use that of an indictable offence, which is an offence that requires an indictment.

Preliminary hearing
In common law jurisdictions, a preliminary hearing, preliminary examination, preliminary inquiry, evidentiary hearing or probable cause hearing is a proceeding, after a criminal complaint has been filed by the prosecutor, to determine whether there is enough evidence to require a trial. At such a hearing, the defendant may be assisted by a lawyer.