hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qattinah
Qattinah (Arabic: قطينة, romanized: Qaṭṭīnah, also spelled Kattineh) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located south of Homs. It is situated at the northeastern end of Lake Homs which is also known as "Lake Qattinah." Nearby localities include al-Buwaydah al-Sharqiyah to the south, Aabel to the east, al-Nuqayrah to the northeast, Tell al-Shur to the north and Khirbet Ghazi to the west on the opposite end of Lake Homs.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Qattinah had a population of 6,018 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Christians.

Al-Naqirah
Al-Naqirah (Arabic: النقيرة, also spelled al-Nuqayrah) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located south of Homs. Nearby localities include Kafr Aya to the northeast, Maskanah to the west, Abil to the south, Qattinah to the southwest and Tell al-Shur to the west.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Naqirah had a population of 2,025 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Westland Whirlwind (fighter)
The Westland Whirlwind was a British twin-engined fighter developed by Westland Aircraft. A contemporary of the Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane, it was the first single-seat, twin-engined, cannon-armed fighter of the Royal Air Force.

When it first flew in 1938, the Whirlwind was one of the fastest combat aircraft in the world and, with four 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.404 autocannon in its nose, the most heavily armed. Protracted development problems with its Rolls-Royce Peregrine engines delayed the project and only 114 Whirlwinds were built. During the Second World War, only three RAF squadrons were equipped with the aircraft and, despite its success as a fighter and ground attack aircraft, it was withdrawn from service in 1943.

No. 263 Squadron RAF
No 263 Squadron was a Royal Air Force fighter squadron formed in Italy towards the end of the First World War. After being disbanded in 1919 it was reformed in 1939 flying mainly strike and heavy fighter aircraft until becoming No 1 Squadron in 1958.
Ruch (river)
The Ruch (Russian: Ручь) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Veslyana, which in turn is a tributary of the Kama. The river is 48 kilometres (30 mi) long. The area of its drainage basin is 465 square kilometres (180 sq mi). Main tributaries: Tuykos (right) and Chuklya (left).

Veslyana
The Veslyana (Russian: Весляна) – is a river in Perm Krai and Komi Republic, Russia, a left tributary of the Kama, which in turn is a tributary of the Volga. 
It starts in the southeastern portion of Ust-Kulomsky District of the Komi Republic, about 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the border with Perm Krai. It flows through the Gaynsky District of Perm Krai and into the Kama River 1,193 kilometres (741 mi) from its mouth, 145 metres (476 ft) above sea level, near the rural locality of Ust-Veslyana.
The river is 266 kilometres (165 mi) long, and the area of its drainage basin is 7,490 square kilometres (2,890 mi2).
Tamalpais Union High School District
The Tamalpais Union High School District or TUHSD provides high school education to students residing in ten elementary districts in central and southern Marin County, California and parts of West Marin. The headquarters are on the property of Redwood High School in Larkspur, California.

Mill Valley, California
Mill Valley is a city in Marin County, California, United States, located about 14 miles (23 km) north of San Francisco via the Golden Gate Bridge and 52 miles (84 km) from Napa Valley. The population was 14,231 at the 2020 census.

Mill Valley is located on the western and northern shores of Richardson Bay, and the eastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. Beyond the flat coastal area and marshlands, it occupies narrow wooded canyons, mostly of second-growth redwoods, on the southeastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. The Mill Valley 94941 ZIP Code also includes the following adjacent unincorporated communities: Almonte, Alto, Homestead Valley, Tamalpais Valley, and Strawberry. The Muir Woods National Monument is also located just outside the city limits.
Martin Petit
Martin Petit (born September 24, 1968 in Laval, Quebec, Canada) is a Canadian comedian and actor. Creator and star of the Sit-com Les Pêcheurs (2012-2017) on Ici Radio-Canada. Known for his one-man shows, Grandeur Nature, Humour libre, Martin Petit et le micro de feu, all of them won best comedy show at Les Olivier comedy award in Montreal.  He is a former member of The Bizarroides. He won a Genie Award for Best Screenplay, for Starbuck. He co-wrote the American Remake of Starbuck with director Ken Scott.

Ken Scott (filmmaker)
Ken Scott (born in 1970 in Dalhousie, New Brunswick) is a Canadian screenwriter, actor, director, and comedian. He is best known as a member of the comedy group Les Bizarroïdes with Martin Petit, Stéphane E. Roy and Guy Lévesque, and as screenwriter of the films Seducing Doctor Lewis, The Little Book of Revenge (Guide de la petite vengeance), and Starbuck, as well as television series Le Plateau.
Victory title
A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation. The practice is first known in Ancient Rome and is still most commonly associated with the Romans, but it was also adopted as a practice by many later empires, especially the French, British and Russian Empires.

Duke of Wellington (title)
Duke of Wellington is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1814 for Arthur Wellesley, 1st Marquess of Wellington (1769–1852), the Anglo-Irish military commander who is best known for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo and serving twice as Prime Minister. In historical texts, unqualified use of the title typically refers to the 1st Duke. The title derives from Wellington in Somerset.

The first Duke's father, Garret Wesley, had been granted the title of Earl of Mornington in 1760. His male-line ancestors were wealthy agricultural and urban landowners in both countries, among the Anglo-Irish Protestant Ascendancy. The dukedom has descended to heirs male of the body, along with eleven other hereditary titles.
Islip station (LIRR)
Islip is a station on the Montauk Branch of the Long Island Rail Road, off NY 111 (Islip Avenue) and Nassau Avenue, north of Suffolk CR 50 (Union Boulevard), and south of Moffitt Boulevard in Islip, New York.

Islip (hamlet), New York
Islip (/ˈaɪslɪp/ EYE-slip) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) that lies within the town of the same name in Suffolk County, New York. Located on the south shore of Long Island, the CDP had a population of 18,869 at the time of the 2010 census, a decline of 8% from the 2000 census.
2023–24 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team represented Florida Gulf Coast University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Eagles, led by 22nd-year head coach Karl Smesko, played their home games at the Alico Arena in Fort Myers, Florida and were members of the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN).

The Eagles finished the season 29–5, 16–0 in ASUN play, to finish as ASUN regular-season champions for the seventh consecutive season. They defeated Jacksonville, Austin Peay and Central Arkansas to win their eighth consecutive ASUN tournament title and earn the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. They received the #12 seed in the Albany Regional 1, where they fell to #5 region seed Oklahoma in the first round.

2023–24 Jacksonville Dolphins women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Jacksonville Dolphins women's basketball team represented Jacksonville University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Dolphins, led by first-year head coach Special Jennings, played their home games at Swisher Gymnasium in Jacksonville, Florida as members of the ASUN Conference.

The Dolphins finished the season 11–20, 6–10 in ASUN play, to finish in ninth place. They defeated Bellarmine before falling to top-seeded and eventual tournament champions Florida Gulf Coast in the quarterfinals of the ASUN tournament.
Belval, Luxembourg
Belval is a quarter and neighbourhood in the west of Esch-sur-Alzette, in south-western Luxembourg.  Belval is the site of the large steelworks that dominate the city. Due to the dominance of the steelworks, Belval suffered from the abandonment of steel production in Luxembourg, and is undergoing an extensive regeneration programme to help diversify beyond steel production. The redevelopment plan, priced at €450m, will turn the brownfield site into a large scientific and cultural centre, including the science faculty of the University of Luxembourg.  It is the location of the Rockhal, Luxembourg's largest music venue, which opened in 2005.

Belval is served by three railway stations operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois: Belval-Université, Belval-Rédange, and Belval-Lycée.

Quarters of Esch-sur-Alzette
The Quarters of Esch-sur-Alzette (Luxembourgish: Quartierën, French: Quartiers, German: Stadtteile) are the smallest administrative division for local government in Esch-sur-Alzette.

There are currently sixteen quarters, covering most of the commune of Esch-sur-Alzette.  They are:

Al Esch

Belval

Brill

Brouch

Dellhéicht

Fettmeth

Grenz

Lallange

Lankelz

Neudorf

Parc

Raemerich

Sommet

Uecht

Wobrécken

Zaepert

In addition, there are two former industrial zones that are outside the remit of the quarters: one in the west (Esch-Belval), and one in the east (Esch-Schifflange).
Gmina Dukla
Gmina Dukla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. Its seat is the town of Dukla, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south of Krosno and 57 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 233.5 square kilometres (90.2 sq mi), and as of 2010 its total population is 14,926 (of which the population of the town of Dukla is approximately 2,000).

As of 1 January 2010, part of the gmina was separated to form the new Gmina Jaśliska.

Krosno County, Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Krosno County (Polish: powiat krośnieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Krosno, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains four towns: Jedlicze, Rymanów, Dukla, and Iwonicz-Zdrój.

The county covers an area of 923.79 square kilometres (356.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 112,301, out of which the population of Jedlicze is 5,736, that of Rymanów is 3,825, that of Dukla is 2,061, that of Iwonicz-Zdrój is 1,787, and the rural population is 98,892.
Verhoeff algorithm
The Verhoeff algorithm is a checksum for error detection first published by Dutch mathematician Jacobus Verhoeff in 1969.  It was the first decimal check digit algorithm that detects all single-digit errors, and all transposition errors involving two adjacent digits, which was at the time thought impossible with such a code.

The method was independently discovered by H. Peter Gumm in 1985, this time including a formal proof and an extension to any base.

Error detection and correction
In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunications, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many communication channels are subject to channel noise, and thus errors may be introduced during transmission from the source to a receiver. Error detection techniques allow detecting such errors, while error correction enables reconstruction of the original data in many cases.
Isaurica (gastropod)
Isaurica is a genus of rock-dwelling gastropods belonging to the family Helicidae with a flattened shell. The species of this genus are found in the southwestern Anatolia.

Species:

Isaurica callirhoe (Rolle, 1894)

Isaurica lycia (Martens, 1889)

Isaurica pamphylica Subai, 1994

Isaurica riedeli Subai, 1994

Isaurica schuetti Subai, 1994

Helicidae
Helicidae is a large, diverse family of western Palaearctic, medium to large-sized, air-breathing land snails, sometimes called the "typical snails." It includes some of the largest European land snails, several species are common in anthropogenic habitats, and some became invasive on other continents. A number of species in this family are valued as food items, including Cornu aspersum (formerly Helix aspersa; "petit gris") the brown or garden snail, and Helix pomatia (the "escargot"). The biologies of these two species in particular have been thoroughly studied and documented.
Alcalus rajae
Alcalus rajae, sometimes known as king dwarf mountain frog, is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae, subfamily Alcalinae. It is endemic to Kalimantan, Borneo (Indonesia), and known from its type locality in the Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, as well as the Gunung Penrissen Nature Reserve, both in the West Kalimantan province, and from the Meratus Protected Forest in the South Kalimantan province. The specific name rajae refers to the type locality: Bukit Raya is the highest mountain in Kalimantan, getting its name from the Indonesian word raya (or raja), signifying the majestic size of the peak. It also alludes to the relatively large size of this species relative to its (then) congeners.

Alcalus
Alcalus is a small genus of frogs in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is the only member of the subfamily Alcalinae. Its sister taxon is Ceratobatrachinae. Common name Alcala's dwarf mountain frogs has been proposed for the genus. They are found in Palawan Island (the Philippines), Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula. They prefer semi-aquatic microhabitats.
Creola, Louisiana
Creola is an incorporated village in Grant Parish, Louisiana, United States. It was incorporated on January 23, 2002, under the provisions of the Lawrason Act. An incorporation election was held in October 2000 with 36 people (97.3%) voting in favor of the measure and 1 (2.7%) voting against. As of the 2020 census, Creola had a population of 242.

Creola is located in the southern portion of Grant Parish and is part of the Alexandria Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Alexandria metropolitan area, Louisiana
The Alexandria Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan area in central Louisiana that covers two parishes – Rapides and Grant. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 152,192 (though a July 1, 2023 estimate placed the population at 148,171).
Trinity, Edinburgh
Trinity is a district in northern Edinburgh, Scotland, formerly part of the burgh of Leith. It is one of Edinburgh's outer villa suburbs, mainly developed in the 19th century. It is bordered by Wardie to the west and north-west, Newhaven to the north-east, Victoria Park and Bangholm to the east and Goldenacre to the south.

Trinity House of Leith
Trinity House, 99 Kirkgate, is a building in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland, which was a guild hall, custom house, and centre for maritime administration and poor relief. In the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era it also served as an almshouse and hospital. Now in state care, it houses a maritime museum. It is a category A listed building.
Muhammad V of Kelantan
Muhammad V (Jawi: سلطان محمد ٥‎; born 6 October 1969) has been the 29th Sultan of Kelantan since ascending to the throne in 2010. He previously reigned as King of Malaysia from 2016 until his abdication in 2019.

He was proclaimed Sultan of Kelantan on 13 September 2010, succeeding his father, Sultan Ismail Petra, who was deemed incapacitated after suffering a stroke. Sultan Muhammad V was later proclaimed Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 13 December 2016. On 6 January 2019, he became the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong to abdicate from the federal throne.

St Cross College, Oxford
St Cross College, known colloquially as StX,  is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1965, St Cross is a graduate college with gothic and traditional-style buildings on a central site in St Giles', just south of Pusey Street. It aims to match the structure, life and support of undergraduate colleges.
Curlethney Hill
Curlethney  Hill is a landform in Aberdeenshire, Scotland within the Mounth Range of the Grampian Mountains. (Grid Reference NO 918 839)  The peak elevation of this mountain is 246 metres above mean sea level.  This landform lies slightly southwest of the village of Netherley.  The northwest boundary of the moorland atop Curlethney Hill is formed by the southwestern flanks of Craggie Cat, a nearby peak.

Craggie Cat
Craggie Cat is a hill landform in the Mounth of the Grampian Mountains at the southern edge of Netherley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.  The peak elevation of Craggie Cat is 198 metres according to the Ordnance Survey.  This hill's southwestern flanks form the northwest boundary of the moorland of Curlethney Hill.
Handa, Aichi
Handa (半田市, Handa-shi) is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 118,259 in 51,846 households, and a population density of 2,494 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 47.42 square kilometres (18.31 sq mi).

Midland, Michigan
Midland is a city in Midland County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 42,547 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Midland metropolitan statistical area, part of the larger Saginaw-Midland-Bay City combined statistical area. The city is bordered by Midland Township, though the two are administered separately.

Midland is located at the confluence of Chippewa and Tittabawassee rivers in Central Michigan. The city is home to the headquarters of Dow Chemical Company, one of the largest chemical producers in the world, which was founded by Herbert Henry Dow in the city in 1897. The city is also home to Midland Center for the Arts and Northwood University.
Agenodesmus reticulatus
Agenodesmus reticulatus is a species of millipede in the family Fuhrmannodesmidae, which some authorities consider a junior synonym of Trichopolydesmidae. This millipede is among the very few species in the order Polydesmida to feature adults with only 18 segments (including the telson) rather than the 20 segments usually found in this order. This species is notable as the first polydesmidan millipede discovered with only 18 segments in adults, the smallest number recorded in the order Polydesmida. Before the discovery of A. reticulatus, polydesmidans were known to have only 19 or 20 segments in adults.

Polydesmida
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. Millipedes in this order are found in all regions of the world other than Antarctica.
Carriage driving
Carriage driving is a form of competitive horse driving in harness in which larger two- or four-wheeled carriages (sometimes restored antiques) are pulled by a single horse, a pair, tandem or a four-in-hand team. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh helped to expand the sport. He started to compete in carriage driving in 1971, and the early rule book was drafted under his supervision.

In competitions, the driver and horse(s) have to complete three tests: Dressage, Marathon, and Obstacle Driving. The International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) oversees International Shows. The FEI Driving rules are followed in these competitions, which aim to protect the welfare of the horse and also ensure fairness in competitions.

Pleasure competitions also have classes which are judged on the turnout, neatness or suitability of the horse(s) and carriage.

Tandem
Tandem, or in tandem, is an arrangement in which two or more animals, machines, or people are lined up one behind another, all facing in the same direction. Tandem can also be used more generally to refer to any group of persons or objects working together, not necessarily in line.

The English word tandem derives from the Latin adverb tandem, meaning at length or finally. It is a word play, using the Latin phrase (referring to time, not position) for English "at length, lengthwise".
Education in Mozambique
Education in Mozambique is organized by three main stages: primary education, secondary education and higher education. Although having a national public education system, several educational programmes and initiatives in Mozambique are mainly funded and supported by the international community.

The Human Rights Measurement Initiative (HRMI) finds that Mozambique is fulfilling only 70.3% of what it should be fulfilling for the right to education based on the country's level of income. HRMI breaks down the right to education by looking at the rights to both primary education and secondary education. While taking into consideration Mozambique's income level, the nation is achieving 100.0% of what should be possible based on its resources (income) for primary education but only 40.5% for secondary education.

Eduardo Mondlane University
The Eduardo Mondlane University (Portuguese: Universidade Eduardo Mondlane; UEM) is the oldest and largest university in Mozambique. The UEM is a secular public university, unaffiliated with any religion, and does not discriminate on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, or religion. The university is located in Maputo and has about 40,000 students enrolled.
Soghain
The Soghain were a people of ancient Ireland. The 17th-century scholar Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh identified them as part of a larger group called the Cruithin. Mac Fhirbhisigh stated that the Cruithin included "the Dál Araidhi [Dál nAraidi], the seven Lóigisi [Loígis] of Leinster, the seven Soghain of Ireland, and every Conaille that is in Ireland."

Kerrill
Saint Kerrill aka Caireall mac Curnain was a Christian missionary in what is now east County Galway, alive in the mid-to-late 5th century.

His feast day is June 13th. To celebrate the parishioners walk four miles from St Michael’s Church, Gurteen to St Kerrill’s holy well, stopping five times to plant crosses and pray, as Kerrill himself did. The water from the well is said to protect homes from lightning. This tradition was televised by RTÉ in 2004.
Escadron de Chasse 2/5 Île-de-France
Escadron de Chasse 2/5 Île-de-France (Fighter Squadron 2/5 Île-de-France) was a French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'air et de l'espace) fighter squadron previously stationed at Base Aérienne 115 Orange-Caritat (ICAO: LFMO) and were equipped with the Dassault Mirage 2000C fighter aircraft and Mirage 2000B for training and conversion.  The squadron's planes used to carry aircraft codes between 115-OA and 115-OZ (in replacement of the original 5-Ox code), 115-Yx and 115-Kx (Those Mirage came from the EC 1/12 Cambrésis and EC 2/12 Picardie).

No. 340 Squadron RAF
No. 340 (Free French) Squadron RAF was formed at RAF Turnhouse in Scotland on 7 November 1941 with the french title: Groupe de Chasse IV/2 (Fighter Squadron 4-2) "Île-de-France". The squadron was first equipped with Supermarine Spitfire Mk I fighters and consisted of two flights - A Flight ("Paris") and B Flight ("Versailles").