hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Utupua
Utupua is an island in the Santa Cruz Islands, located 66 km to the Southeast of the main Santa Cruz group, between Vanikoro and Santa Cruz proper (Nendö). This island belongs administratively to the Temotu Province of Solomon Islands.

Santa Cruz Islands
The Santa Cruz Islands form an archipelago in Temotu Province, Solomon Islands.  They lie approximately 250 miles (220 nmi; 400 km) to the southeast of the Solomon Islands archipelago, just north of the archipelago of Vanuatu and are considered part of the Vanuatu rain forests ecoregion. The term Santa Cruz Islands is sometimes used to encompass all the islands of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands.
Siku Quanshu
The Siku Quanshu, literally the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries, is a Chinese encyclopedia commissioned during the Qing dynasty by the Qianlong Emperor. Commissioned in 1772 and completed in 1782, the Siku quanshu is the largest collection of books in imperial Chinese history, comprising 36,381 volumes, 79,337 manuscript rolls, 2.3 million pages, and about 997 million words. The complete encyclopedia contains an annotated catalogue of 10,680 titles along with a compendium of 3,593 titles. The Siku Quanshu surpassed the 1403 Yongle Encyclopedia created by the previous Ming dynasty, which had been China's largest encyclopedia. Complete copies of the Siku Quanshu are held at the National Library of China in Beijing, the National Palace Museum in Taipei, the Gansu Library in Lanzhou, and the Zhejiang Library in Hangzhou.

Chinese encyclopedia
Chinese encyclopedias comprise both Chinese language encyclopedias and foreign language ones about China or Chinese topics. There is a type of native Chinese reference work called leishu (lit. "categorized writings") that is sometimes translated as "encyclopedia", but although these collections of quotations from classic texts are expansively "encyclopedic", a leishu is more accurately described as a "compendium" or "anthology". The long history of Chinese leishu encyclopedias began with the (222 CE) Huanglan ("Emperor's Mirror") leishu and continues with online encyclopedias such as Baidu Baike and Chinese Wikipedia.
Northern Crusades
The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were military campaigns conducted by several Germanic Catholic kingdoms and military orders in an effort to Christianize all of the pagans—the Balts, the Finns, and the West Slavs—around the southern and eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. In some cases, such as with the Wendish Crusade, they were partly aimed at controlling the rich resources found in those lands.

The most notable of these campaigns were the Livonian and Prussian Crusades. Some of these wars were explicitly regarded as crusades during the Middle Ages. For example, the war against the Estonians and the "other pagans in those parts", authorized by Pope Alexander III's 1171 crusade bull, Non parum animus noster. However, others—such as the (possibly mythical) 12th-century First Swedish Crusade and several subsequent incursions, undertaken by Scandinavian Christians against the then-Pagan Finns—were dubbed "crusades" only in the 19th century, by romantic nationalist historians.

Latgalians
Latgalians (Latin: Lethi, Letthigalli, Low German: Letti, Lethi, modern Latvian: latgaļi, letgaļi, leti; variant translations also include Latgallians, Lettigalls or Lettigallians) were an ancient Baltic tribe.

They likely spoke a variant of Latvian language, which probably became the lingua franca in present-day Latvia during the Northern Crusades due to their alliance with the crusaders. Latgalians later integrated with the neighbouring tribes, forming the core of modern Latvians.
Sherida Spitse
Sherida Spitse (Dutch pronunciation: [ɕeːˈridaː ˈspɪtsə]; born 29 May 1990) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ajax. She has made 248 appearances for the Netherlands national team, making her the most-capped Dutch and European player of all time.

UEFA Women's Euro 2017
The 2017 UEFA European Women's Championship, commonly referred to as UEFA Women's Euro 2017, was the 12th edition of the UEFA Women's Championship, the quadrennial international football championship organised by UEFA for the women's national teams of Europe. The competition was expanded to 16 teams (from 12 teams in the previous edition).

The Netherlands was chosen to host the tournament by the UEFA Executive Committee on 4 December 2014.

Germany's 22-year reign as champions of Europe was ended after losing 1–2 to Denmark in the quarter-finals. It was only Germany's second loss in the tournament since 1993. Another former winner, Norway, lost to both finalists, the Netherlands and Denmark, and ended without any goals or points.

The Netherlands won their first ever title since the men's UEFA Euro 1988 by beating fellow first time finalists Denmark 4–2 in the final.

Austria, Belgium, Portugal, Scotland and Switzerland made their debuts at the tournament.
Forest disturbance by invasive insects and diseases in the United States
Species which are not native to a forest ecosystem can act as an agent of disturbance, changing forest dynamics as they invade and spread. Invasive insects and pathogens (diseases) are introduced to the United States through international trade, and spread through means of natural and human-dispersal. Invasive insects and pathogens are a serious threat to many forests in the United States and have decimated populations of several tree species, including American chestnut, American elm, eastern hemlock, whitebark pine, and the native ash species (see extended listing below). The loss of these tree species is typically rapid with both short and long-term impacts to the forest ecosystem.

Chestnut blight
The pathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (formerly Endothia parasitica) is a member of the Ascomycota (sac fungi). This necrotrophic fungus is native to East Asia and South East Asia and was introduced into Europe and North America in the early 1900s. Strains of the fungus spread more or less rapidly and caused significant tree loss in both regions.  Strains of the fungus can be more or less virulent.
Macarthur railway station
Macarthur railway station is located on the Main Southern line, serving the Sydney suburb of Campbelltown. It is served by Sydney Trains' T8 Airport & South and NSW TrainLink's Southern Highlands Line services. It is the southern extremity of the electrified Sydney Trains network.

Mount Annan, New South Wales
Mount Annan is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Mount Annan is located 60 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government areas of Camden Council and Campbelltown City Council, and is part of the Macarthur region. The Federal Electorates of Hume and Macarthur divide the Gardens.
Kossuth Memorial
Kossuth Memorial refers to one of three public monuments dedicated to former Hungarian Regent-President Lajos Kossuth in front of the Hungarian Parliament Building on Lajos Kossuth Square in Budapest. The memorial is an important Hungarian national symbol and scene of official celebrations.

Kossuth Square
Kossuth Lajos Square (Hungarian: Kossuth Lajos tér, pronounced [ˈkoʃut ˈlɒjoʃ ˈteːr]), also known as Kossuth Square (Kossuth tér [ˈkoʃut ˈteːr]), is a city square situated in the Lipótváros neighbourhood of Budapest, Hungary, on the bank of the Danube. Its most notable landmark is the Hungarian Parliament Building (Országház). There is a station of the M2 (East-West) line of the Budapest Metro on the square as well as a stop for the scenic Tram No. 2.
Dervio
Dervio (Comasco: Derf [ˈdɛrf]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located on the eastern shore of Lake Como, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Lecco.  It is located on a peninsula with same name on the Lake Como, at the mouth of the Varrone river Valley.

Dervio borders the following municipalities: Bellano, Cremia, Dorio, Introzzo, Pianello del Lario, San Siro, Sueglio, Tremenico, Vendrogno, Vestreno.

Vestreno
Vestreno (Valvarronese: Vestren) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Lecco. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 296 and an area of 2.7 square kilometres (1.0 sq mi).

Vestreno borders the following municipalities: Dervio, Dorio, Sueglio.
Image file format
An image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency.

Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence–accommodation conflict.

Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization.

Exif
Exchangeable image file format (officially Exif, according to JEIDA/JEITA/CIPA specifications) is a standard that specifies formats for images, sound, and ancillary tags used by digital cameras (including smartphones), scanners and other systems handling image and sound files recorded by digital cameras. The specification uses the following existing encoding formats with the addition of specific metadata tags: JPEG lossy coding for compressed image files, TIFF Rev. 6.0 (RGB or YCbCr) for uncompressed image files, and RIFF WAV for audio files (linear PCM or ITU-T G.711 μ-law PCM for uncompressed audio data, and IMA-ADPCM for compressed audio data).  It does not support JPEG 2000 or GIF encoded images.
This standard consists of the Exif image file specification and the Exif audio file specification.
Jacques Trullier, dit Lacombe
Jacques Trullier, dit Lacombe (c. 1763 – December 5, 1821) was a businessman and politician in Lower Canada. He represented Leinster in 1814 and then from 1816 to 1821 as a member of the Parti canadien.

He was born, probably in Boucherville, the son of Jacques Trullier, dit Lacombe and Marie-Anne Levasseur, and studied in Montreal. In 1788, he married Angélique Laurent. Sometime between then and 1794, he established himself as a merchant in L'Assomption, involved in the grain trade and potash production. He also constructed several houses there and operated an inn. Trullier, dit Lacombe was a justice of the peace and served as a major in the militia during the War of 1812. His election in 1814 was appealed on the grounds that he had bought votes and put pressure on voters who owed him money; he was disqualified following an investigation. Michel Prévost won the subsequent by-election. Trullier, dit Lacombe died in office at L'Assomption at the age of 56.

Michel Prévost
Michel Prévost (September 30, 1753 – July 17, 1843) was a merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Leinster in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1815 to 1816 and from 1820 to 1824 as a supporter of the Parti canadien.

He was born in Montreal, the son of Eustache Prévost and Marie-Jeanne Valade. In 1789, he married Félicité Bourdon. Around the same time, he established himself as a miller and merchant at Saint-Jacques-de-l'Achigan (later Saint-Jacques). Prévost served as a captain in the militia during the War of 1812, later reaching the rank of major. He was first elected to the assembly in an 1815 by-election held after the election of Jacques Trullier, dit Lacombe was overturned. He died in Montreal at the age of 89.
Breeders' Cup Sprint top three finishers
This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the Breeders' Cup Sprint, a grade one race run on dirt held on Saturday of the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships.

†- 2016- Masochistic finished 2nd but was later Disqualified for a failed drug test

Breeders' Cup Sprint
The Breeders' Cup Sprint, currently branded as the Cygames Sprint for sponsorship reasons, is an American Weight for Age Grade I Thoroughbred horse race for horses three years old and older. Run on dirt over a distance of 6 Furlongs (3⁄4 mile), the race has been held annually since 1984 at a different racetrack in the United States or Canada as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships.
Chamfered square tiling
In geometry, the chamfered square tiling or semitruncated square tiling is a tiling of the Euclidean plane. It is a square tiling with each edge chamfered into new hexagonal faces.

It can also be seen as the intersection of two truncated square tilings with offset positions. And its appearance is similar to a truncated square tiling, except only half of the vertices have been truncated, leading to its descriptive name semitruncated square tiling.

Truncated square tiling
In geometry, the truncated square tiling is a semiregular tiling by regular polygons of the Euclidean plane with one square and two octagons on each vertex. This is the only edge-to-edge tiling by regular convex polygons which contains an octagon. It has Schläfli symbol of t{4,4}.

Conway calls it a truncated quadrille, constructed as a truncation operation applied to a square tiling (quadrille).

Other names used for this pattern include Mediterranean tiling and octagonal tiling, which is often represented by smaller squares, and nonregular octagons which alternate long and short edges.

There are 3 regular and 8 semiregular tilings in the plane.
Didda
Didda (c. 924 – 8 August 1003), also known as The Catherine of Kashmir, was the last ruler of the Utpala Dynasty of Kashmir from 980 to 1003. She first acted as regent for her son and various grandsons from 958 to 980, and from 980 as sole ruler and monarch. Most knowledge relating to her is obtained from the Rajatarangini, a work written by Kalhana in the twelfth century.

Lohara dynasty
The Lohara dynasty was a dynasty that ruled over Kashmir and surrounding regions in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent between 1003 and approximately 1175. The early history of the dynasty was described in the Rajatarangini (Chronicle of Kings), a work written by Kalhana in the mid-12th century, upon which many studies of the first 150 years of the dynasty depend. Subsequent accounts which provide information up to and beyond the end of the dynasty come from Jonarāja and Śrīvara. The later rulers of the dynasty were perceived as weak. Internal conflicts and instances of corruption were prevalent during this era, occasionally interrupted by short periods of stability. These factors contributed to the dynasty's susceptibility to the expansion of Islamic conquests in the region.
Bogle–Chandler case
The Bogle–Chandler case refers to the mysterious deaths of Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Margaret Chandler on the banks of the Lane Cove River in Sydney, Australia on 1 January 1963. The case became famous because of the circumstances in which the bodies were found and because the cause of death could not be established.

In 2006, Peter Butt, a filmmaker, discovered evidence to suggest the cause of death was hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas. In the early hours of 1 January, an eruption of gas from the polluted river bed may have occurred, causing the noxious fumes to pool in deadly quantities in the grove.

Lane Cove River
The Lane Cove River, a northern tributary of the Parramatta River, is a tide-dominated, drowned valley estuary west of Sydney Harbour, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The river winds through a bushland valley and joins Parramatta River at Greenwich and Woolwich, where together they form an arm of Sydney Harbour, and serves as a border along with Middle Harbour separating Sydney's North Shore.
Huehuetenango Department
Huehuetenango (Spanish pronunciation: [w̝e.we.t̪eˈnãŋ.ɡo]) is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala. It is located in the western highlands and shares the borders with the Mexican state of Chiapas in the north and west; with El Quiché in the east, and Totonicapán, Quetzaltenango and San Marcos in the south. The capital is the city of Huehuetenango.

Huehuetenango's ethnic composition is one of the most diverse in Guatemala. While the Mam are predominant in the department, other Maya groups are the Q'anjob'al, Chuj, Jakaltek, Tektik, Awakatek, Chalchitek, Akatek and K'iche'. Each of these nine Maya ethnic groups speaks its own language.

Jakaltek people
The Jakaltek people are a Maya people who lives alongside the border of the State of Chiapas in southern Mexico and the Department of Huehuetenango in northwestern Guatemala. Since pre-Columbian times they have lived alongside the modern Mexico-Guatemala border near the foothills of the Cuchumatán Mountains, mainly centered on the municipality of Jacaltenango.

The name Jakaltek comes from the Nahuatl language meaning “people of the jacal”.
Easter (film)
Easter is an independent film based on the play by the same name by Will Scheffer. It is directed by Richard Caliban who also wrote the screenplay with Will Scheffer, and stars Jodie Markell, Barry Del Sherman, Sean Runnette, and Max Wright in his final film role before his death in June 2019.

Will Scheffer
Will Scheffer is an American playwright, and was co-creator and executive producer of the television series Big Love and the American remake of  Getting On with longtime life partner Mark V. Olsen. He is president and CEO of Anima Sola Productions, which he founded with Olsen in 1992 to create television and film content.

His writing credits include Big Love: In the Beginning, Ellis Island, Duck Town, Easter, In the Gloaming, The Pact, Citizen Baines, and Getting On.
Two Women (1947 film)
Two Women (Swedish: Två kvinnor) is a 1947 Swedish drama film directed by Arnold Sjöstrand and starring Eva Dahlbeck, Cécile Ossbahr and Gunnar Björnstrand. It is a remake of the 1938 French film Women's Prison which itself was based on a novel by Francis Carco. It was entered into the 1947 Cannes Film Festival.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Bertil Duroj. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location around the city including prison scenes at the Långholmen Prison.

Women's Prison (1938 film)
Women's Prison or Women's Prisons (French: Prisons de femmes) is a 1938 French drama film directed by Roger Richebé and starring Viviane Romance, Renée Saint-Cyr and Marguerite Deval. Based on the 1930 novel of the same title by Francis Carco, it was remade twice as the 1947 Swedish film Two Women and the 1958 French film Women's Prison.

It was made at the Neuilly Studios in Paris with scenes also shot at the Convent of the Ursulines in Montpellier. The film's sets were designed by the art director Roland Quignon. Along with another contemporary film Prison Without Bars it portrayed the female inhabitants with sympathy. Both films were successful at the box office. Despite its title, only a few scenes take place in prison and it mostly follows a character after she has been released from jail marries an industrialist and attempts to start a new life.
College of Community Science
College of Community Science (CCSc), formerly College of Home Science (CHSc), is a college in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India, affiliated by Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. It was established in year 1988.

Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University
Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), formerly Rajasthan Agricultural University, is a state agricultural university located in Bikaner in the Indian state Rajasthan. The university, formerly a part of the Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur became a separate entity in 1987 through Rajasthan Agriculture University, Bikaner Act, 1987. It was renamed after freedom fighter and social reformer Swami Keshwanand in 2009. Raksha Pal Singh was appointed vice chancellor in 2019.
Walter David Taylor Powell
Walter David Taylor Powell (25 March 1831 – 23 December 1906) was an English mariner and paramilitary Native Police officer in the British colonies of New South Wales and Queensland. He played a significant part in the practical implementation of British colonial rule in the coastal areas of Queensland. His role as an officer in the Native Police was central in a number of important moments in colonial Queensland history including that of the brutal crushing of localised Aboriginal resistance after the Hornet Bank massacre, the foundation of Rockhampton and the creation of the Bowen settlement. He also had major contributions in the founding of Cardwell, the coastal and South Seas trade, and the British colonisation of the Torres Strait.

John Murray (native police officer)
John Murray (23 February 1827 – 30 July 1876) was a Scottish officer in the Australian native police in the British colonies of New South Wales and Queensland. He was an integral part of this paramilitary force for nearly twenty years, supporting European colonisation in south-eastern, central and northern Queensland. He also had a role in recruiting troopers for the Native Police from the Riverina District in New South Wales.
Kirsten Simone
Kirsten Simone (1 July 1934 – 19 December 2024) was a Danish ballerina. She studied at the Royal Danish Ballet School with Vera Volkova and joined the Royal Danish Ballet Company in 1952. She became their first soloist in 1966. She created roles in Flemming Flindt's The Three Musketeers (1966), Elsa-Marianne von Rosen's Don Juan (1967) and Harald Lander's Fête polonaise (1970). She was a guest artist with several companies including the American Ballet Theatre and London Festival Ballet. Since her retirement she taught at the Royal Danish Ballet School.

Simone stars as a mentor to a young ballerina in the 1966 film Ballerina.

She was awarded the Ingenio et Arti medal in 2001.

Simone died on 19 December 2024, at the age of 90.

Ingenio et arti
Ingenio et arti (from Latin: For Science and Art) is a Danish medal awarded to prominent Danish and foreign scientists and artists. The honour, a personal award of the Monarch, was instituted by King Christian VIII in 1841, and could be awarded to women as well as men.

The reverse shows The Genius of Light, engraved after the 1841 plaster relief by Bertel Thorvaldsen.

The medal is awarded irregularly, on average less than twice per year, and was most recently (as of May 2021) awarded to John Neumeier after the première of his ballet Mahler's 3rd Symphony on 19 May 2021 at the Copenhagen Opera House.
John Street Theatre
John Street Theatre, situated at 15–21 John Street, sometimes called "The Birthplace of American Theatre", was the first permanent theatre in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York. It opened on December 7, 1767, and was operated for several decades by the American Company. It closed on January 13, 1798.

Old American Company
The Old American Company was an American theatre company. It was the first fully professional theatre company to perform in North America. It also played a vital role in the theatre history of Jamaica. It was founded in 1752 and disbanded in 1805. It was known as the Hallam Company (1752–1758), the American Company (1758–1785) and the Old American Company (1785–1805).  With a few temporary exceptions, the Company enjoyed a de facto monopoly of professional theatre in the United States until 1790.