hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Protofeminism
Protofeminism is a concept that anticipates modern feminism in eras when the feminist concept as such was still unknown. This refers particularly to times before the 20th century, although the precise usage is disputed, as 18th-century feminism and 19th-century feminism are often subsumed into "feminism". The usefulness of the term protofeminist has been questioned by some modern scholars, as has the term postfeminist.

Moderata Fonte
Moderata Fonte, directly translating to Modest Well, is a pseudonym of Modesta di Pozzo di Forzi (or Zorzi), also known as Modesto Pozzo (or Modesta, feminization of Modesto),  (1555–1592) a Venetian writer and poet.  Besides the posthumously-published dialogues, Giustizia delle donne and Il merito delle donne (gathered in The Worth of Women, 1600), for which she is best known, she wrote a romance and religious poetry. Details of her life are known from the biography by Giovanni Niccolò Doglioni (1548-1629), her uncle, included as a preface to the dialogue.
Gardens of Maecenas
The Gardens of Maecenas, or Horti Maecenatis, constituted the luxurious ancient Roman estate of Gaius Maecenas, an Augustan-era imperial advisor and patron of the arts. The property was among the first in Italy to emulate the style of Persian gardens. The walled villa, buildings, and gardens were located on the Esquiline Hill, atop the agger of the Servian Wall and its adjoining necropolis, as well as near the Horti Lamiani.

Horti Lamiani
The Horti Lamiani (Lamian Gardens) was a luxurious complex consisting of an ancient Roman villa with large gardens and outdoor rooms. It was located on the Esquiline Hill in Rome, in the area around the present Piazza Vittorio Emanuele. The horti were created by the consul Lucius Aelius Lamia, a friend of Emperor Tiberius, and they soon became imperial property. They are of exceptional historical-topographical importance. Along with other ancient Roman horti on the Quirinal, Viminal and Esquiline hills, they were discovered during the construction work for the expansion of Rome at the end of 1800s.

The villa and gardens were scenically divided into pavilions and terraces adapted to the landscape, on a model of Hellenistic tradition. They were eventually filled with exceptional works of art, from original ancient Greek sculptures to exquisite frescoes and marble floors.

The Museo Ninfeo has recently opened on the site.
Haunted Forest (2017 film)
Haunted Forest is a 2017 Filipino supernatural horror film directed by Ian Loreños, and starring Jane Oineza, Maris Racal, Jameson Blake and Jon Lucas. It tells the story of a teenager who is forced to leave her life behind when her estranged policeman father is reassigned to the province. The film deals with supernatural mythical creatures, among them is the "sitsit," a creature that preys on women at night and is believed to be the cause of sudden disappearances and deaths of women in the subject town.

Haunted Forest was released in Philippine cinemas as an official entry to the 43rd Metro Manila Film Festival, on December 25, 2017.

Maris Racal
Mariestella "Maris" Cañedo Racal (Tagalog pronunciation: [kaˈɲɛdo ɾaˈkal]; born September 22, 1997) is a Filipino actress and singer. She rose to prominence in 2014 after joining Pinoy Big Brother: All In, where she finished as the runner-up. Afterward, Racal signed with Star Magic. She was previously a member of It's Showtime's all-girl dance group Girltrends and ASAP's sing-and-dance group BFF5.

Racal's breakthrough role was as Irene Tiu in the ABS-CBN romantic drama series Can't Buy Me Love .
China Yangtze Power
China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd. (CYPC), known as Yangtze Power is a Chinese utilities company, headquartered in Beijing. The company is a component of SSE 180 Index. A controlling share is held by the parent company China Three Gorges Corporation (CTG, Chinese: 中国长江三峡集团公司), a state-owned enterprise under State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.

The enterprise produces and sells energy to customers. China Yangtze Power was founded on 4 November 2002 and was brought on 18 November 2003 to the Shanghai Stock Exchange. China Yangtze Power originated from a cooperation of Chinese enterprises: Huaneng Power International, China National Nuclear Corporation, China National Petroleum Corporation, Gezhouba Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Group as well as the Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research.

Huaneng Power International
Huaneng Power International, Inc. (HPI), commonly known as Huaneng Power, is a Chinese electric power company. It was established in 1994 by the China Huaneng Group, one of the five largest power producers in China. It engages in the development, construction and operation of large power plants.

As of 31 May 2018, the market capitalization of its H share was HK$28.484 billion. As of 31 December 2017, about 30.92% of total share capital are "foreign share" (H share plus American depositary share), while the rest were domestic share (A share).: 89

Huaneng Power's H share is a component of Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, representing 50 largest H share companies on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. However, under different selection criteria, Huaneng Power's A share is a component of SSE SmallCap Index since May 2018, an index for next 320 shares that were not included in SSE 180 Index.

Huaneng Power was ranked 745th in 2018 Forbes Global 2000.
Mendip Rail
Mendip Rail Ltd is an independent freight operating railway company in Great Britain. It is a joint venture composed of the rail-operation divisions of Aggregate Industries (formerly Foster Yeoman) and Hanson Aggregates (previously ARC).

The company operates aggregate trains from the quarries of the Mendip Hills in South-West England, to London and South-East England. The Foster Yeoman quarries are at Torr Works and Dulcote Quarry, while Hanson has plants at Batts Combe Quarry and Whatley Quarry.

The company operates four Class 59/0 diesel locomotives owned by Aggregate Industries and four Class 59/1 locomotives owned by Hanson. In addition, two SW1001 Switchers are owned and operated at Whatley and Merehead quarries. It owns Merehead Traction Maintenance Depot (Merehead TMD) where the eight locomotives are allocated. They can also be seen at Hither Green TMD or Eastleigh Works where they receive heavy maintenance.

Torr Works
Torr Works quarry, grid reference ST695446 is a limestone quarry at East Cranmore, near Shepton Mallet on the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England. The quarry was formerly known as Merehead, a name which has been retained for its rail depot on the opposite side of the A361 road.
Olivia Chenery
Olivia Jane Grierson (née Chenery; born 11 March 1989) is an English actress and environmental advocate. Her films include Brotherhood (2016) and 10x10 (2018). On television, she is known for her roles in the BBC series Queens: The Virgin and the Martyr (2017) and the Sky One series Bulletproof (2020–2021).

Queens: The Virgin and the Martyr
Queens: The Virgin and the Martyr (In Spanish: Reinas) is a Spanish and British historical drama television series created by José Luis Moreno, and produced by Televisión Española with a Spanish and British cast. Production of the series had many irregularities, such as the producer falsely claiming it was coproduced by BBC.
Livanjsko Polje
Livanjsko polje (lit. 'Field of Livno'), located in Bosnia and Herzegovina, is the largest polje (karstic field) in the world and a RAMSAR wetland site. A typical example of karst polje encircled by tall peaks and mountain ranges, the field is characterized by many unique natural phenomenons and karstic features.

Polje
A polje, also called karst polje or karst field, is a large flat plain found in karstic geological regions of the world, with areas usually in the range of 5–400 km2 (2–154 sq mi). The name derives from the Slavic languages, where polje literally means 'field', whereas in English polje specifically refers to a karst plain or karst field.
Kingdom of Rwanda
The Kingdom of Rwanda (also known as the Nyiginya Kingdom or Nyginya Dynasty) was a Bantu kingdom in modern-day Rwanda, which grew to be ruled by a Tutsi monarchy. It was one of the most centralized kingdoms in Central and East Africa. It was later annexed under German and Belgian colonial rule while retaining some of its autonomy. The Tutsi monarchy was abolished in 1961 after ethnic violence erupted between the Hutu and the Tutsi during the Rwandan Revolution which started in 1959. After a 1961 referendum, Rwanda became a Hutu-dominated republic and received its independence from Belgium in 1962.

After the revolution and abolition of the monarchy, the deposed Kigeli V eventually settled in the United States, and since then monarchists have maintained a court-in-exile outside of Rwanda. The current pretender to the Rwandan throne is Yuhi VI.

Hutu
The Hutu (/ˈhuːtuː/), also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda, Burundi, and Uganda where they form one of the principal ethnic groups alongside the Tutsi and the Great Lakes Twa.
Waller Independent School District
Waller Independent School District is a public school district based in Waller, Texas (USA).

In addition to Waller, the district serves the cities of Prairie View and Pine Island. In addition, it serves unincorporated sections of Waller County, including Fields Store, and unincorporated sections of Harris County, including Hockley.

In 2013, Waller ISD and all 8 schools earned the highest Texas Education Agency accountability rating, 'Met Standard.' Five schools received 8 Academic Achievement Distinction Designations.  In 2010, the school district was rated "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency. The ISD American football teams play at the 10,000-capacity Daikin Stadium.

Prairie View, Texas
Prairie View is a city in Waller County, Texas, United States, situated on the northwestern edge of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The population was 8,184 at the 2020 census.

Prairie View A&M University, the second-oldest public university in Texas, is based in the city.
Vinje Municipality (Sør-Trøndelag)
Vinje is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 223-square-kilometre (86 sq mi) municipality existed from 1924 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed the areas around the inner Vinjefjorden and the Søo river valley in what is now the southern part of the present-day Heim Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Vinjeøra. The lake Vasslivatnet was located in the eastern part of Vinje.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 223-square-kilometre (86 sq mi) municipality was the 348th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Vinje Municipality was the 673rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 572. The municipality's population density was 2.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (6.7/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 4.7% over the previous 10-year period.

Hemne Municipality
Hemne is a former municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was incorporated into Heim Municipality. It was part of the Fosen region. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Kyrksæterøra. Other villages included Heim, Hellandsjøen, Holla, and Vinjeøra. The European route E39 highway passed through the southern part of the  municipality.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 670-square-kilometre (260 sq mi) municipality is the 168th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Hemne Municipality was the 225th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,228. The municipality's population density was 6.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (16/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.07% over the previous 10-year period.
Music from Another Dimension!
Music from Another Dimension! is the fifteenth studio album by the American rock band Aerosmith, released on November 6, 2012, by Columbia Records. The album marked their first release since 2004's Honkin' on Bobo, as well as the first to feature all-new material since 2001's Just Push Play. The release marked the longest release gap between the band's previous studio album releases. It additionally also marked the last album in their recording contract with Columbia Records. The record was produced by Jack Douglas, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry, and Marti Frederiksen (three tracks).

The album includes the singles "Legendary Child", "Lover Alot", "What Could Have Been Love", and "Can't Stop Lovin' You".

Music from Another Dimension! debuted at number five on the Billboard 200 selling 63,000 copies its first week, a lower amount than their previous album of original material.

Marti Frederiksen
Martin Harold "Marti" Frederiksen (born July 1, 1962) is an American songwriter, record producer, and musician.   He writes and produces music primarily in rock, country, and pop.  He is best known for his work with many artists and bands including the Struts, Aerosmith, Gavin Rossdale, Carrie Underwood, Buckcherry, Daughtry, Ozzy Osbourne, Mötley Crüe, and Faith Hill.  He's also well known for performing the lead vocals for the fictitious band Stillwater in the movie Almost Famous.
Tony Leadley
David Antony Terence Leadley, known as Tony Leadley (born 1928), is a British rower.

Leadley was born in 1928 in Bedford, England. He was educated at Bedford Modern School, and the University of Cambridge. In 1953 Leadley was part of the winning Cambridge crew for the 1953 University Boat Race in the No. 5 position. The crew won by eight lengths in a time of 19 minutes and 54 seconds. After the 1953 Boat Race Leadley was elected President of Cambridge University Boat Club but, after failing a university examination, he had to resign and could no longer race for the University. He was later a member of the Leander Club.

At the 1957 European Rowing Championships held at Duisburg in Germany, Leadley partnered with Christopher Davidge and won the coxless pair event by 0.4 seconds.

There is a photographic portrait of him at the National Portrait Gallery.

Christopher Davidge
Christopher Guy Vere Davidge, of Little Houghton House, OBE DL (5 November 1929 – 22 December 2014) was a British rower who competed in the Summer Olympics three times in 1952, 1956 and 1960 and won the Silver Goblets at Henley Royal Regatta three times.
Little Falls (town), New York
Little Falls is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 1,497 at the 2020 census, down from 1,587 at the 2010 census. The town is named after falls and rapids on the Mohawk River nearby.

The town of Little Falls is bordered on the east by the separate city of Little Falls. Both town and city are east of Utica. It was formed in 1829 from the town of Herkimer.

Little Falls, New York
Little Falls is a city in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 4,605 at the time of the 2020 census, which is the second-smallest city population in the state, ahead of only the city of Sherrill. The city is built on both sides of the Mohawk River, at a point at which rapids had impeded travel upriver. Transportation through the valley was improved by construction of the Erie Canal, completed in 1825 and connecting the Great Lakes with the Hudson River.

The city is located at the northeastern corner of the town of Little Falls and is east of Utica.

Little Falls has a picturesque location on the slope of a narrow and rocky defile, through which the Mohawk River falls 45 feet (14 m) in less than a mile (1.6 km), forming a number of cascades.
4-Methylpentedrone
4-Methylpentedrone (also known as 4-MPD and 4-Methyl-α-methylamino-valerophenone), is a stimulant medication of the cathinone class, invented in 1960 .

It is a higher homolog of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) and 4-methylbuphedrone (4-MeMABP), and the p-methyl derivative of pentedrone. It can also be viewed as the methylamino analog of pyrovalerone.

A related compound, 4-methyl-α-ethylaminopentiophenone (4-MEAP), has been found to be incorrectly sold as 4-methylpentedrone.

4-Methylbuphedrone
4-Methylbuphedrone (also known as 4-MeMABP, BZ-6378 and 4-Methyl-α-methylamino-butyrophenone), is a stimulant drug of the cathinone class that has been sold online as a designer drug.

It was first reported to the EMCDDA in November 2011.
American volunteers in the Rhodesian Bush War
There were a number of American volunteers in the Rhodesian Bush War who fought with the Rhodesian Security Forces. These men were nick-named the Crippled Eagles by author Robin Moore, who offered a house in Salisbury as a meeting place for the Americans who served in all units of the security forces, but never had their own unit. The name "Crippled Eagle" and their badge was meant to symbolise what they considered their abandonment by the US government. Robin Moore and Barbara Fuca tried to publish a book with the same title, but because of the political controversy the book was refused by publishers and appeared only in 1991, when it was published as The White Tribe.

Robin Moore
Robert Lowell Moore Jr. (October 31, 1925 – February 21, 2008) was an American writer who wrote The Green Berets, The French Connection: A True Account of Cops, Narcotics, and International Conspiracy, and with Xaviera Hollander and Yvonne Dunleavy, The Happy Hooker: My Own Story.

Moore co-authored the lyrics for "The Ballad of the Green Berets", which was one of the major hit songs of 1966. The song was featured in the 1968 film The Green Berets, based on Moore's book, which starred John Wayne. A new edition of The Green Berets was published in April 2007, and his last book, Wars of the Green Berets, co-authored with Col. Mike 'Doc' Lennon, was released in June 2007.

Moore was convicted of tax fraud in 1986. At the time of his death, he was living in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, home to Fort Campbell and the 5th Special Forces Group, where he was working on his memoirs and three other books.
Welch Mountains
Welch Mountains (70°57′S 63°30′W﻿ / ﻿70.950°S 63.500°W﻿ / -70.950; -63.500﻿ (Welch Mountains)) is a group of mountains that dominate the area, the highest peak rising to 3,015 metres (9,892 ft), located 25 nautical miles (46 km; 29 mi) north of Mount Jackson on the east margin of the Dyer Plateau of Palmer Land, Antarctica

Mount Jackson (Antarctica)
Mount Jackson (Mount Andrew Jackson and Mount Ernest Gruening) is a mountain that dominates the upland of the southern part of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is located in Palmer Land, part of the British Antarctic Territory (with unrecognised claims by Chile and Argentina). 
With an elevation of 3,184 metres (10,446 ft), Mount Jackson was once thought to be the highest mountain in the Antarctic Peninsula and the British Antarctic Territory, before the true height of Mount Hope (Eternity Range) was measured.
Discovered by members of the United States Antarctic Service, 1939–41, it was named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States. The first ascent of Mount Jackson was made by a team led by John Crabbe Cunningham of the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in 1964. Mount Jackson's geology was studied in 1972 as part of the Palmer Island investigations by a team of geologists.
Atreyu
Atreyu is an American rock band from Yorba Linda, California, formed in 1998. The band's current line-up consists of vocalist Brandon Saller, guitarists Dan Jacobs and Travis Miguel, bassist and unclean vocalist Marc "Porter" McKnight and drummer Kyle Rosa.

The band has released nine studio albums: Suicide Notes and Butterfly Kisses (2002), The Curse (2004), A Death-Grip on Yesterday (2006), Lead Sails Paper Anchor (2007), Congregation of the Damned (2009), Long Live (2015), In Our Wake (2018), Baptize (2021), and The Beautiful Dark of Life (2023).

The Curse (Atreyu album)
The Curse is the second studio album by American rock band Atreyu. It was released on June 29, 2004, under Victory Records. The album went on to produce three singles, "Bleeding Mascara"  "Right Side of the Bed" and "The Crimson".

The videos for "Right Side of the Bed" and "The Crimson" achieved much airplay on television networks such as MTV2 and Fuse. The songs also received airplay on some radio stations across various countries. Since its release, The Curse has gone on to sell more than 500,000 copies and it was certified gold by the RIAA on September 14, 2020.
Chester, Massachusetts
Chester is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States, situated in Western Massachusetts. It is part of the Springfield metropolitan statistical area. The town includes the Chester Factory Village Historic District. The total population was 1,228 in the 2020 census.

Huntington, Massachusetts
Huntington is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 2,094 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The main village of Huntington is in the south of the town, with the villages of Norwich and Norwich Bridge in the center. (The villages are unofficial neighborhoods representing clusters of buildings in an otherwise rural town.)

The villages of Knightville (or Knightsville) and Indian Hollow toward the north were removed by the construction of the Knightville Dam from 1939 to 1941.
Comal Springs (Texas)
Comal Springs (/ˈkoʊmæl/ KOH-mal) are the largest concentration of naturally occurring freshwater springs in Texas. They are located in the city of New Braunfels and are the result of water percolating through the Edwards Aquifer formation.

Edwards Aquifer
The Edwards Aquifer is one of the most prolific artesian aquifers in the world. Located on the eastern edge of the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas, it is the source of drinking water for two million people, and is the primary water supply for agriculture and industry in the aquifer's region. Additionally, the Edwards Aquifer feeds the Comal and San Marcos Springs, provides springflow for recreational and downstream uses in the Nueces, San Antonio, Guadalupe, and San Marcos river basins, and is home to several unique and endangered species.
Little Wolford
Little Wolford is a hamlet and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England. With the neighbouring parish of Great Wolford it is part of 'The Wolfords'. Little Wolford is significant for its Grade II* listed 15th- to 16th-century Little Wolford Manor.

Little Wolford Manor
Little Wolford Manor  is a Grade II* listed house in Little Wolford, Warwickshire, England.

It has been a listed building since 1952, and dates back to the late 15th or early 16th century. It was restored in 1935 by Norman Jewson.

It is set in 34 acres, and was purchased in 1957 by Guy and Diana Ward, parents of the present owners (as of 2021). Guy Willoughby Ward died on 29 December 2020, aged 96.

In May 2021, it was listed for sale at a guide price of £5 million.
Benzoin (organic compound)
Benzoin (/ˈbɛnzoʊ.ɪn/ or /-ɔɪn/) is an organic compound with the formula PhCH(OH)C(O)Ph.  It is a hydroxy ketone attached to two phenyl groups. It appears as off-white crystals, with a light camphor-like odor. Benzoin is synthesized from benzaldehyde in the benzoin condensation.  It is chiral and it exists as a pair of enantiomers: (R)-benzoin and (S)-benzoin.

Benzoin is not a constituent of benzoin resin obtained from the benzoin tree (Styrax) or tincture of benzoin. The main component in these natural products is benzoic acid.

Benzoin condensation
In organic chemistry, the benzoin addition is an addition reaction involving two aldehydes (−CH=O). The reaction generally occurs between aromatic aldehydes or glyoxals (OCH=CHO), and results in formation of an acyloin (−C(O)CH(OH)−). In the classic example, benzaldehyde is converted to benzoin (PhCH(OH)C(O)Ph).

The benzoin condensation was first reported in 1832 by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler during their research on bitter almond oil. The catalytic version of the reaction involving cyanide was developed by Nikolay Zinin in the late 1830s.