hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Scarlett
Sir John McLeod Scarlett KCMG OBE (born 18 August 1948) is a British senior intelligence officer. He was Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 2004 to 2009. Prior to this appointment, he had chaired the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC).

Epsom College
Epsom College is a co-educational independent school on Epsom Downs, Surrey, England, for pupils aged 11 to 18. It was founded in 1853 as a benevolent institution which provided a boarding school education for sons of poor or deceased members of the medical profession and also accommodation for pensioned doctors. The college soon after foundation opened to pupils from outside the medical profession. Over time the charitable work for medical professionals in hardship moved to a separate charity.  By 1996 the school was fully co-educational and now takes day pupils throughout. The headteacher is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
France–Japan relations
The France–Japan relations are the current and historical relations between France and Japan. The history of relations between France and Japan goes back to the early 17th century, when the Japanese samurai and ambassador, Hasekura Tsunenaga, making his way to Rome, landed for a few days in Saint-Tropez, creating a sensation.

Léonce Verny
François Léonce Verny, (2 December 1837 – 2 May 1908) was a French officer and naval engineer who directed the construction of the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal in Japan, as well as many related modern infrastructure projects from 1865 to 1876, thus helping jump-start Japan's modernization.
Philip Augustus Knaut
Philip Augustus Knaut (1716 – December 28, 1781) was a German-born merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He was a member of the 1st to 5th Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1758 to 1781, representing Lunenburg.

He was born in the Electorate of Saxony and first came to Nova Scotia with Edward Cornwallis in 1749. In 1750, he married Anna Grob. Knaut settled in Lunenburg in 1753, where he became one of the first shopkeepers there. He was justice of the peace, an officer in the militia and coroner; he also operated a sawmill. Benjamin Gerrish chose Knaut as his agent at Lunenburg for trading with the First Nations people. Knaut married Jane Brimner in 1781 after the death of his first wife. He died in office in Lunenburg. John Newton, collector of impost and excise at Halifax, who had married Knaut's daughter Catherine, inherited control of Knaut's estate.

His widow married John Bolman, who also served in the provincial assembly.

John Bolman
John D. Bolman (1751 – September 17, 1833) was a German-born physician, surgeon and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Lunenburg Township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1793 to 1809.

He was born in Magdeburg. Bolman served in a Hessian regiment during the American Revolution. In 1782, he married Jane Knaut (née Brimner), the widow of Philip Augustus Knaut. Bolman settled in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia and died there in 1833, 54 years later.
Wacker Bernburg
Wacker Bernburg was a German association football club from the city of Bernburg, Saxony-Anhalt that was established in 1910 as Fußball Club Wacker Bernburg. The club changed its name to Sportverein Wacker Bernburg in 1926.

Wacker played in the Anhalt circuit that was part of the Mitteldeutsche Fussball Verband (Central German Football League) where they won titles in 1930 and 1931. Those wins advanced the club to the league championship round where they were put out in eighth-final matches by Sturm Chemnitz (3:1) and Wacker Halle (5:1). Wacker failed to qualify to take part in the newly formed Gauliga Sachsen (I) in 1933 and remained a Bezirksliga side until disappearing at the end of World War II in 1945.

Bernburg
Bernburg (Saale) (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁnˌbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, capital of the Salzlandkreis district. The former residence of the Anhalt-Bernburg princes is known for its Renaissance castle.
Cardiobacteriales
The Cardiobacteriales are an order of Pseudomonadota. Like other Proteobacteria, they are Gram-negative and rod-shaped. The order is better known for including the pathogenic HACEK organisms Cardiobacterium hominis and Cardiobacterium valvarum.

Cardiobacterium hominis
Cardiobacterium hominis /ˌkɑːrdiəʊbækˈtɪəriəm ˈhɒmɪnɪs/ (KAR-dee-oh-bak-TEER-ee-um HOM-i-nis) is a microaerophilic, pleomorphic, fastidious, Gram-negative bacterium part of the Cardiobacteriaceae family and the HACEK group. It is most commonly found in the human microbiota, specifically the oropharyngeal region including the mouth and upper part of the respiratory tract. It is one of the causes of endocarditis, a life-threatening inflammation close to the heart's inner lining and valves. While infections caused by Cardiobacterium hominis are uncommon, various clinical manifestations are linked to the bacterium, including meningitis, sepsis, and bone infections.
The March of Time
The March of Time is an American newsreel series sponsored by Time Inc. and shown in movie theaters from 1935 to 1951. It was based on a radio news series broadcast from 1931 to 1945 that was produced by advertising agency Batten, Barton, Durstine & Osborn (BBDO). The "voice" of both series was Westbrook Van Voorhis. Produced and written by Louis de Rochemont and his brother Richard de Rochemont, The March of Time was recognized with an Academy Honorary Award in 1937.

The March of Time organization also produced four feature films for theatrical release, and created documentary series for early television. Its first TV series, Crusade in Europe (1949), received a Peabody Award and one of the first Emmy Awards.

Newsreel
A newsreel is a form of short documentary film, containing news stories and items of topical interest, that was prevalent between the 1910s and the mid 1970s. Typically presented in a cinema, newsreels were a source of current affairs, information, and entertainment for millions of moviegoers. Newsreels were typically exhibited preceding a feature film, but there were also dedicated newsreel theaters in many major cities in the 1930s and ’40s, and some large city cinemas also included a smaller theaterette where newsreels were screened continuously throughout the day.

By the end of the 1960s television news broadcasts had supplanted the format. Newsreels are considered significant historical documents, since they are often the only audiovisual record of certain cultural events.
Independent Schools Inspectorate
The Independent Schools Inspectorate (ISI) is approved by the Secretary of State for Education – under section 106 of the Education and Skills Act 2008 – to inspect private schools in England. These schools are members of associations, which form the Independent Schools Council.

Independent Schools Council
The Independent Schools Council (ISC) is a non-profit lobby group that represents over 1,400 private schools in the United Kingdom. The Council acts as an umbrella organization for seven independent school associations and coordinates efforts to promote the interests of its member schools within the UK education system, including liaising with the Department for Education. Approximately 6% of school-aged children in England attend independent schools affiliated with the ISC.
Kent County, Maryland
Kent County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 census, its population was 19,198, making it the least populous county in Maryland. Its county seat is Chestertown. The county was named for the county of Kent in England. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state and is the oldest county in Maryland.

Along with Caroline and Garrett Counties, it is one of three counties in the state that are not part of a metropolitan statistical area.

Kent County, Delaware
Kent County is a county located in the central part of the U.S. state of Delaware. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851, making it the least populous county in Delaware, but the most populous county in the United States to be the least populous in its state. The county seat is Dover, the state capital of Delaware. It is named for Kent, an English county.

Kent County comprises the Dover metropolitan area, which is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area.
Nicola Allen
Nicola J. Allen is a British neuroscientist. Allen studies the role of astrocytes in brain development, homeostasis, and aging. Her work uncovered the critical roles these cells play in brain plasticity and disease. Allen is currently an associate professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and Hearst Foundation Development Chair.

Ben Barres
Benjamin Barres (born Barbara A. Barres, September 13, 1954 – December 27, 2017) was an American neurobiologist at Stanford University. His research focused on the interaction between neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. Beginning in 2008, he was chair of the Neurobiology Department at Stanford University School of Medicine. He transitioned to male in 1997, and became the first openly transgender scientist in the National Academy of Sciences in 2013. Barres is also known for his pioneering activism for equal opportunity in science, often citing his experiences as both a male and female scientist.
Zygopauropus
Zygopauropus is a monotypic genus of pauropod in the family Brachypauropodidae. The only species in this genus is Zygopauropus hesperius, which is found in California. This genus is notable as one of only four genera of pauropods in which adults have only eight pairs of legs rather than the nine leg pairs usually found in adults in the order Tetramerocerata. Before the discovery of Zygopauropus, adult pauropods were thought to have only nine or (rarely) ten pairs of legs.

Pauropoda
Pauropoda is a class of small, pale, millipede-like arthropods in the subphylum Myriapoda. More than 900 species in twelve families are found worldwide, living in soil and leaf mold. Pauropods look like centipedes or millipedes and may be a sister group of the latter, but a close relationship with Symphyla has also been posited. The name Pauropoda derives from the Greek pauros (meaning "small" or "few") and pous, genitive podos (meaning "foot"), because most species in this class have only nine pairs of legs as adults, a smaller number than those found among adults in any other class of myriapods.
Mornoi River
The Mornoi River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam. The Mornoi river originates at Matia village of Goalpara district. The Krishnai River meets Dudhnoi River at Matia village and then flows as Mornoi river before its confluence with the Brahmaputra River.

Krishnai River
The Krishnai River is a sub-tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam. The Krishnai River originates in the West Garo Hills of Meghalaya. The Krishnai River meets Dudhnoi River at Matia of Goalpara district and then flows as Mornoi River before its confluence with the Brahmaputra River.
Berkshire Yeomanry
The Berkshire Yeomanry was a part time regiment of the British Army formed in 1794 to counter the threat of invasion during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was the Royal County of Berkshire's senior volunteer unit with over 200 years of voluntary military service. After taking part in the Second Boer War, it saw action as mounted troops in the First World War and as artillery (145th (Berkshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery) in the Second World War. Its lineage is maintained by 94 (Berkshire Yeomanry) Signal Squadron, part of 39 (Skinners) Signal Regiment. The Headquarters of the Squadron is based in Windsor, Berkshire. The Berkshire Yeomanry had a number of battle honours won from Europe to the Far East and Private Frederick Potts was awarded a Victoria Cross for service during the Gallipoli Campaign.

10th Cavalry Brigade (British Indian Army)
The 2nd South Midland Mounted Brigade (later numbered as the 6th Mounted Brigade) was a yeomanry brigade of the British Army, formed as part of the Territorial Force in 1908.

It served dismounted in the Gallipoli Campaign before being remounted to serve in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War.

In April 1918, it was merged with elements of the 5th (Mhow) Cavalry Brigade to form 10th Cavalry Brigade. It remained in Palestine after the end of the war on occupation duties.
Gustav Hartlaub
Karel Johan Gustav Hartlaub (8 November 1814 – 29 November 1900) was a German physician and ornithologist.

Hartlaub was born in Bremen, and studied at Bonn and Berlin before graduating in medicine at Göttingen. In 1840, he began to study and collect exotic birds, which he donated to the Bremen Natural History Museum. He described some of these species for the first time. In 1852, he set up a new journal with Jean Cabanis, the Journal für Ornithologie. He wrote with Otto Finsch, Beitrag zur Fauna Centralpolynesiens: Ornithologie der Viti-, Samoa und Tonga- Inseln. Halle, H. Schmidt. This 1867 work which has handcoloured lithographs was based on bird specimens collected by Eduard Heinrich Graeffe for Museum Godeffroy.
A number of birds were named for him, including Hartlaub's Bustard, Hartlaub's Turaco, Hartlaub's Duck, and Hartlaub's Gull.

Otto Finsch
Friedrich Hermann Otto Finsch (8 August 1839, Warmbrunn – 31 January 1917, Braunschweig) was a German ethnographer, naturalist and colonial explorer. He is known for a two-volume monograph on the parrots of the world which earned him a doctorate. He also wrote on the people of New Guinea and was involved in plans for German colonization in Southeast Asia. Several species of bird (such as Oenanthe finschii, Iole finschii, Psittacula finschii) are named after him as also the town of Finschhafen in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea and a crater on the Moon.
2023 AFC Women's Club Championship
The 2023 AFC Women's Club Championship (also known as the AFC Women's Club Championship 2023 – Invitational Tournament) was the fourth and final edition of the AFC Women's Club Championship, organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). Eight clubs from AFC member associations competed.

A final between the two group winners was planned, but was initially cancelled by the AFC in March 2024. However, in April 2024, the AFC reintroduced the final, which was held on 10 May 2024.

AFC Women's Club Championship
The AFC Women's Club Championship was a former women's football club competition in Asia. It involved the top clubs from countries affiliated with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It was designed as a pilot competition for the AFC Women's Champions League, which was launched in the 2024–25 season.
Kintetsu Miyazu Station
Kintetsu-Miyazu Station (近鉄宮津駅, Kintetsu-Miyazu-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Kyōtanabe, Kyoto, Japan, operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway. It is station number B19.

Kyōtanabe
Kyōtanabe (京田辺市, Kyōtanabe-shi) is a city located in the southern part of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2023, the city has an estimated population of 71,757 in 31,555 households and a population density of 1700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 42.92 square kilometres (16.57 sq mi).
Rocky Hill, Connecticut
Rocky Hill is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 20,845 at the 2020 census. It was originally land of the Wangunks (a tribe of Native Americans). Europeans began to settle the area of Rocky Hill in 1650, as part of Wethersfield, the neighboring town to the north. In 1722, the area became known as Stepney Parish, until it was independently incorporated in 1843. Rocky Hill’s location on the Connecticut River made it a natural port for Wethersfield and an early center for shipbuilding, agriculture, and trade.

Rocky Hill is a typical bedroom community, as many residents commute to work in the larger urban centers of Hartford to the north and New Haven to the south.

Rocky Hill is the home to the Dinosaur State Park.  Rocky Hill also was once the headquarters of Ames Department Stores, which ceased business operations in 2002.

Ames Department Stores
Ames Department Stores, Inc. was an American chain of discount stores based in Rocky Hill, Connecticut, United States. The company was founded in 1958 with a store in Southbridge, Massachusetts, and at its peak operated 700 stores in 20 states, including the Northeast, Upper South, Midwest, and the District of Columbia, making it the fourth-largest discount retailer in the country.

Despite some success in its later years, Ames struggled with debt from acquisitions and a slow decline in sales in the new global market and suburban developments. This resulted in two bankruptcy filings that ultimately put an end to the chain. The company, despite expanding into other markets and taking over many closed stores abandoned by competitors, went out of business in 2002.
Extrusive rock
Extrusive rock refers to the mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out (extrudes) onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff. In contrast, intrusive rock refers to rocks formed by magma which cools below the surface.

The main effect of extrusion is that the magma can cool much more quickly in the open air or under seawater, and there is little time for the growth of crystals. Sometimes, a residual portion of the matrix fails to crystallize at all, instead becoming a natural glass like obsidian.

If the magma contains abundant volatile components which are released as free gas, then it may cool with large or small vesicles (bubble-shaped cavities) such as in pumice, scoria, or vesicular basalt. Other examples of extrusive rocks are rhyolite and andesite.

Volcanic rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks.

Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface.
Holtermann collection
The Holtermann Collection is the name given to a collection of over 3,500 glass-plate negatives and albumen prints, many of which depict life in New South Wales goldfield towns. It also includes numerous photographs of Australian rural towns and the cities of Sydney and Melbourne taken between 1871 and 1876. The collection is held by the State Library of New South Wales.

Bernhardt Holtermann
Bernhardt Otto Holtermann (29 April 1838 – 29 April 1885) was an Australian gold miner, businessman, politician and photographer. Perhaps his greatest claim to fame is his association with the Holtermann Nugget, the largest gold specimen ever found, 59 inches (1.5 m) long, weighing 630 pounds (290 kg) and with an estimated gold content of 3,000 troy ounces (93 kg), found at Hill End, near Bathurst, New South Wales. This gave him the wealth to build a mansion in North Sydney.
Rural City of Benalla
The Rural City of Benalla is a local government area in the Hume region of Victoria, Australia, located in the north-east part of the state. It covers an area of 2,353 square kilometres (908 sq mi) and, in August 2021, had a population of 14,528.

It includes the towns of Baddaginnie, Benalla, Devenish, Goorambat, Major Plains, Swanpool, Tatong, Thoona, Warrenbayne and Winton. It was formed in 2002 from the de-amalgamation of the Delatite Shire into the current rural city and the Shire of Mansfield, the former being a merger between the latter, the Shire of Benalla and the City of Benalla.

The Rural City is governed and administered by the Benalla Rural City Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Benalla. The Rural City is named after the main urban settlement located in the centre-north of the LGA, that is Benalla, which is also the LGA's most populous urban centre with a population of 10,331.

Devenish, Victoria
Devenish is a town in northern Victoria, Australia within the Rural City of Benalla local government area, 230 kilometres (143 mi) north of the state capital, Melbourne.  At the 2011 census, Devenish and the surrounding area had a population of 360, declining to 197 by 2016.
Jaquette Liljencrantz
Jaquette Liljencrantz (1848–1920) was a Danish (originally Swedish) writer, journalist, Women's rights activist and socialist.

She was employed by the Danish Social Democratic newspaper Social-Demokraten in 1875. She became the first female member of the Social Democrats (Denmark) in 1876.

Her older sister, Lotten von Plomgren (1831-1916), was one of the founders of Svenska kvinnoföreningen för fosterlandets försvar, (the Swedish Women's Association for the Defence of the Fatherland). Her niece was Ida von Plomgren, a Swedish feminist and one of the first Swedish women's foil fencing champions.

Ida von Plomgren
Ida Amalia von Plomgren (9 September 1870 – 26 March 1960) was a Swedish feminist, writer and administrator, and one of the first Swedish women's foil fencing champions. She was best known to friends by her nickname "Plom".
Ranu Kumbolo
Ranu Kumbolo (Indonesian: Danau Kumbolo) is a mountainous lake located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia. The lake is part of the easiest route from Ranu Pani to Mount Semeru Peak.

Ranu Pani
Ranu Pani or Ranupani is a volcanic lake in Ranu Pani Village, Senduro District, Lumajang Regency, East Java. Ranu Pani is part of the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS). Initially, the area of Ranu Pani was around one hectare, but now it is estimated to be only 0.75 hectares due to the rapid sedimentation rate. The population of Ranu Pani is around 2,000 people.
North Branch station
North Branch is a NJ Transit railroad station on the Raritan Valley Line, in the hamlet of North Branch in Branchburg, New Jersey.  The station is in a residential area, a mile to the south of North Branch center.  The station has a small shelter with no facilities and is across the street from the Printmaking Council of New Jersey.  North Branch station and the stations west of it have no weekend service. The former Jersey Central Railroad station depot burned to the ground on January 8, 1970.

Branchburg, New Jersey
Branchburg is a township in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 14,940, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 481 (+3.3%) from the 2010 census count of 14,459, which in turn had reflected a decline of 107 (−0.7%) from the 14,566 counted at the 2000 census.