hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Domestic liability dollarization
Domestic liability dollarization (DLD) pertains to the denomination of banking system deposits and loaning in a currency other than that of the country in which they are held. DLD does not refer exclusively to denomination in US dollars, as DLD encompasses accounts denominated in internationally traded "hard" currencies such as the British pound sterling, the Swiss franc, the Japanese yen, and the euro (and some of its predecessors, particularly the Deutschmark).

Original sin (economics)
Original sin is a term in economics literature, proposed by Barry Eichengreen, Ricardo Hausmann, and Ugo Panizza in a series of papers to refer to a situation in which "most countries are not able to borrow abroad in their domestic currency."

The name is a reference to the concept of original sin in Christianity.
Evrotas Valley
The Evrotas Valley is an 82 km elongated valley between Taygetus and Parnon which traverses Laconia, Greece. Homer called the valley Kili Lakedemon, while Sparta, Mystras and Gytheio are the main cities within the valley. It is one of the largest valleys in Greece. The valley is predominantly an agricultural region that contains many citrus groves, olive groves, and pasture lands. It is the location of the largest orange production in the Peloponnese and probably in all of Greece.  Lakonia, a brand of orange juice, is based in Amykles. The Evrotas Valley records the highest summer mean maximum temperatures in Greece.

Parnon
Parnon or Parnonas (Greek: Πάρνων/Πάρνωνας) or Malevos (Μαλεβός) is a mountain range, or massif, on the east of the Laconian plain and the Evrotas Valley. It is visible from Athens above the top of the Argive mountains.

The western part is in the Laconia prefecture and the northeastern part is in the Arcadia prefecture. The Parnon range separates Laconia from Arcadia. Its summit offers panoramic views of southeastern Arcadia and South Kynouria and much of Laconia that includes the northern and the central portions and reaches as far as the Taygetos mountains.  It also views a part of the central Arcadia and the southern Argolis prefectures. It views the Myrtoan and the Laconian Gulfs.

In 2025, the mountain was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO.
Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos
The Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos (English: Two Laredos Owls), formerly known as the Tecolotes de Nuevo Laredo (English: Nuevo Laredo Owls), are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League. The Tecolotes are a binational baseball team, splitting their home games between Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico and Laredo, Texas, United States. Their home games in Mexico are played at Parque la Junta, while their home games in the United States are played at Uni-Trade Stadium. They are the only Mexican League team to play outside of Mexico.

Uni-Trade Stadium
The Uni-Trade Stadium is a baseball stadium in Laredo, Texas. The stadium is the United States home to The Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos, a bi-national Mexican League professional baseball team, and the Laredo Roses, a women's full-contact American football team in the Sugar N Spice Football League. The stadium is also used for youth soccer leagues, youth and prep baseball games, and concerts. It was the home of the Laredo Lemurs, a baseball team in the American Association, from 2012 to 2016.
MyOutdoorTV
MyOutdoorTV is an internet television channel that provides streaming TV shows and product demonstrations to hunters, shooting sports enthusiasts, anglers, campers, boaters, and hikers. It is the largest online video network catering to outdoor programming.

MyOutdoorTV carries many outdoor-related cable shows that air on Outdoor Channel and Sportsman Channel, both in the form of subscription video on demand and through linear, genre-specific feeds.

Access is $9.99 per month to all programming, with select episodes and a single free linear streaming channel, available for free.

Sportsman Channel
Sportsman Channel is an American sports-oriented digital cable and satellite television network owned by the Outdoor Sportsman Group subsidiary of Kroenke Sports & Entertainment. The channel is dedicated to programming about outdoor sports, including hunting, shooting and fishing.

As of November 2023, Sportsman is available to approximately 12,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2015 peak of 34,000,000 households.
Reality Check Radio
Reality Check Radio (RCR) is a New Zealand internet radio station owned by  activist group Voices for Freedom (VFF). Notable hosts have included former ACT Party leader Rodney Hide, former TVNZ broadcaster Peter Williams and anti–vaccine mandate influencer Chantelle Baker. The station has promoted anti-woke, anti-transgender content, COVID-19 vaccine hesistancy, and climate change denial. In April 2024, the station went off air due to financial problems, leading to a fundraising campaign led by host Williams. They reached their fundraising target in early May and resumed streaming services shortly after.

Chantelle Baker
Chantelle Baker is a right-wing New Zealand social media influencer and conservative activist who is the daughter of former New Conservative Party leader Leighton Baker. In 2022, she attracted domestic media attention for her involvement in the 2022 Wellington protest and for her promotion of anti-COVID vaccine misinformation and conspiracy theories.
The Queen (British TV serial)
The Queen is a 2009 British docudrama showing Elizabeth II at various points during her life. Broadcast on Channel 4 over five consecutive nights from 29 November 2009, the Queen is portrayed by a different actress in each episode. The series was co-funded by the American Broadcasting Company, the network which aired the series in the US.

This marked the first of two times Emilia Fox and Katie McGrath portrayed sisters: they would go on to appear as Morgause and Morgana in BBC One's Merlin.

Katie McGrath
Katie McGrath (/məˈɡrɑː/) is an Irish actress. On television, she has portrayed Morgana Pendragon in BBC One's Merlin (2008–2012), Lucy Westenra on the British-American series Dracula (2013–2014), Saskia in the TV series Secret Bridesmaids Business, Sarah Bennett in the first season of the horror anthology series Slasher (2016), and Lena Luthor on the superhero series Supergirl (2016–2021). Her film roles include Thelma Furness in the drama film W.E. and Jules Daly in the Christmas movie A Princess for Christmas (2011), Zara Young in the science fiction adventure film Jurassic World (2015), and Elsa in the epic fantasy film King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (2017).
Alfândega Square
Alfândega Square (Portuguese: Praça da Alfândega) is a public, historic, and tourist attraction in the Brazilian city of Porto Alegre, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

Located in the Historic Center of the city, the square is protected by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) and the Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage of the Rio Grande do Sul (IPHAE). It is surrounded by important buildings, some of them equally historic and old, such as the Ado Malagoli Museum of Art of Rio Grande do Sul (MARGS), the Memorial of Rio Grande do Sul, Santander Cultural, and the Commerce Club of Porto Alegre. Other buildings include the Banrisul and Caixa Econômica Federal headquarters and Rua da Praia Shopping Mall.

Traditionally, since 1855, the Porto Alegre Book Fair has been held at Alfândega Square, attracting thousands of visitors not only for the vast selection of books on offer, but also for the music, theater, and dance performances.

Farol Santander Porto Alegre
Farol Santander Porto Alegre, formerly known as Santander Cultural, is a Brazilian cultural center run by Banco Santander. It is located in a historic building in Alfândega Square, in the Brazilian city of Porto Alegre, in Rio Grande do Sul. It has been listed as a heritage site by IPHAE.
Benjamin Kigen
Benjamin Kigen (born July 5, 1993) is a Kenyan athlete who competes primarily in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He won the bronze medal at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Kigen took gold at the 2019 All-Africa Games.

He is from Baringo County, Kenya and trains with Amos Kirui under coach Isaac Rono.

Kigen won the 3000 m steeplechase at the 2018 Prefontaine Classic, beating 2017 world champion Conseslus Kipruto and 2016 Olympic silver medalist Evan Jager with a 57.89 second last lap.

He qualified to represent Kenya at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, where he won the bronze medal in his specialist event with a time of 8:11.45, behind Soufiane El Bakkali (8:08.90) and Lamecha Girma (8:10.38).

His personal best is 8:05.12 (Monaco 2019).

Lamecha Girma
Lamecha Girma (born 26 November 2000) is an Ethiopian middle- and long-distance runner who holds the world record in the 3,000 metres steeplechase. He is the 2020 Tokyo Olympic silver medallist in the steeplechase and won silver medals at the 2019, 2022 and 2023 World Athletics Championships. Girma is also the world record holder for the indoor 3,000 metres and won the silver medal at that distance at the 2022 World Indoor Championships. He is the Ethiopian national record holder for the 1500m.
Group of Soviet Forces in Germany
The Western Group of Forces (WGF), previously known as the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany (GSOFG) and the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSFG) were the troops of the Soviet Army in East Germany. The Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany was formed after the end of World War II in Europe from units of the 1st and 2nd Belorussian Fronts. The group helped suppress the East German uprising of 1953. After the end of occupation functions in 1954 the group was renamed the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. The group represented Soviet interests in East Germany during the Cold War. Before changes in Soviet foreign policy during the early 1990s, the group shifted to a more offensive role and in 1989 became the Western Group of Forces. They remained in the eastern part of Germany after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and German reunification until 1994.

1st Belorussian Front
The 1st Belorussian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Белорусский фронт, Pervyy Belorusskiy front, also romanized "Byelorussian"), known without a numeral as the Belorussian Front between October 1943 and February 1944, was a major formation of the Red Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group. Alongside the 1st Ukrainian Front, it was the largest and most powerful among all Soviet fronts, as their main effort was to capture Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.
Incipit Satan
Incipit Satan is the fifth full-length album by Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth. It was released on 7 February 2000 by Nuclear Blast, and reissued in 2006 by Back on Black Records. Incipit Satan was the first album with King ov Hell as bassist, the last album to feature Tormentor on guitar and the only one with Sjt. Erichsen on drums. The band members dedicated the album to their deceased friend and former bandmate Erik Brødreskift (a.k.a. "Grim").

King ov Hell
Tom Cato Visnes (born 27 November 1974), better known as King ov Hell or simply King, is a Norwegian musician. He is best known as the former bassist of black metal band Gorgoroth, and as a member of Audrey Horne, Sahg, I, Ov Hell, God Seed, Abbath, Jotunspor and Temple of the Black Moon.
Binghamton Dusters
The Binghamton Dusters were an ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Binghamton, New York, USA at the Broome County Veterans Memorial Arena. The team logo was designed by Johnny Hart, artist of the comic strip "B.C." and a native of nearby Endicott N.Y.  The team was known for using the Jim Croce song "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown" as their entrance theme.

Broome Dusters
The Broome Dusters were an ice hockey team in the North American Hockey League. They played in Binghamton, New York, United States at the Broome County Veterans Memorial Arena. The team logo was designed by Johnny Hart, artist of the comic strip B.C. and a Binghamton native.
Terry Winograd
Terry Allen Winograd (born February 24, 1946) is an American computer scientist. He is a professor at Stanford University, and co-director of the Stanford Human–Computer Interaction Group. He is known within the philosophy of mind and artificial intelligence fields for his work on natural language using the SHRDLU program.

SHRDLU
SHRDLU is an early natural-language understanding computer program that was developed by Terry Winograd at MIT in 1968–1970. In the program, the user carries on a conversation with the computer, moving objects, naming collections and querying the state of a simplified "blocks world", essentially a virtual box filled with different blocks.

SHRDLU was written in the Micro Planner and Lisp programming language on the DEC PDP-6 computer and a DEC graphics terminal. Later additions were made at the computer graphics labs at the University of Utah, adding a full 3D rendering of SHRDLU's "world".

The name SHRDLU was derived from ETAOIN SHRDLU, the arrangement of the letter keys on a Linotype machine, arranged in descending order of usage frequency in English.
Khun Si
Khun Si (Thai: ขุนศรี, pronounced [kʰǔn sǐː]) is one of the seven subdistricts (tambon) of Sai Noi District, in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. Neighbouring subdistricts are (from north clockwise) Sai Yai, Rat Niyom, Khlong Khwang, Sai Noi, Thawi Watthana, Naraphirom and Bang Phasi. In 2020 it had a total population of 5,054 people.

Khlong Khwang subdistrict, Nonthaburi
Khlong Khwang (Thai: คลองขวาง, pronounced [kʰlɔ̄ːŋ kʰwǎːŋ]) is one of the seven subdistricts (tambon) of Sai Noi District, in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. The subdistrict is bounded by (clockwise from north) Rat Niyom, Lahan, Sai Noi and Khun Si subdistricts. In 2020 it had a total population of 6,880 people.
Wilko
Wilko.com Limited (trading as Wilko) is a British variety retailer. It was founded as Wilkinson by James Kemsey Wilkinson and Mary Cooper in 1930 as a hardware retailer, opening its first store in Leicester.

In 1972, Tony Wilkinson succeeded his father as chairman, leading the retailer through rapid expansion. By the end of the 1980s, the chain had 78 stores, and by the end of the 1990s, it had grown to 152 stores. In June 2005, Lisa Wilkinson and Karin Swann succeeded their father and uncle, refocusing the stores from hardware to variety retail, and from 2012 onwards, rebranded the chain to Wilko.

In August 2023, Wilko Limited collapsed into administration, with the final stores closing on 8 October. In September, CDS Superstores purchased the Wilko intellectual property, re-launching Wilko.com on 12 October, and opening new physical stores from December 2023 onwards.

James Kemsey Wilkinson
James Kemsey "JK" Wilkinson (6 December 1906 – 18 December 1997) was an English businessman, the founder of the high street chain Wilko. In 2014, it was reported that Wilko had 372 stores, 23,000 employees and annual revenues of £1.5 billion. Wilko collapsed into administration, on 10 August 2023.
Whiteleys
Whiteleys was a shopping centre in Bayswater, London. It was built in the retail space of the former William Whiteley Limited department store, which opened in 1911 as one of London's first department stores, and was one of the main department stores, alongside Selfridge's, Liberty's and Harrods. The centre's main entrance was located on Queensway.

The building is owned by Meyer Bergman and CC Land. In December 2018, Whiteleys was closed for redevelopment. It has been converted into a Norman Foster-designed mixed-use asset comprising 139 condominium apartments, the UK's first Six Senses hotel, and retail units on the ground floor.

MARK Capital Management
MARK Capital Management (previously Meyer Bergman) is a British real estate investment management firm. As of 2021, it had more than €7 billion in assets under management. MARK Capital Management was formed in 2004 by its chairman, Ton Meijer, and its chief executive officer, Markus Meijer from the holdings of the former MAB Group.

MARK's strategies run parallel to its closed-ended value-add funds, focusing on mixed-use real estate throughout Europe and the United States. The strategies aim to repurpose and reposition under-utilised assets in urban gateway locations throughout Europe.
I've Always Got You
"I've Always Got You" is a song by the American singer Robin Zander (of the rock band Cheap Trick), released in June 1993 as the lead single from his debut solo album, Robin Zander. It was written by Mike Campbell, Zander and JD Souther, and was produced by Jimmy Iovine and Campbell.

"I've Always Got You" was released to radio in June 1993 and achieved airplay on rock, top 40 and adult alternative radio. It reached No. 13 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart and No. 8 on Radio & Records AOR Tracks chart.

Robin Zander
Robin Wayne Zander (born January 23, 1953) is an American musician who is the lead singer and rhythm guitarist for the rock band Cheap Trick. Zander joined Cheap Trick in 1974 and, as of 2026, remains a member of the band. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016 as a member of Cheap Trick. Zander is also a solo artist.
23 (film)
23, original German title: 23 – Nichts ist so wie es scheint ("Nothing is what it seems") is a 1998 German drama thriller film about young hacker Karl Koch, who died on 23 May 1989, a presumed suicide. It was directed by Hans-Christian Schmid, who also participated in screenwriting. The title derives from the protagonist's obsession with the number 23, a phenomenon often described as apophenia. Although the film was well received by critics and audiences, its accuracy has been vocally disputed by several witnesses to the real-life events on which it was based. Schmid subsequently co-authored a book that tells the story of the making of 23 and also details the differences between the movie and the actual main events.

Karl Koch (hacker)
Karl Werner Lothar Koch (July 22, 1965 – c. May 23, 1989) was a German hacker in the 1980s, who called himself "hagbard", after Hagbard Celine. He was involved in a Cold War computer espionage incident.
Ranna (Kannada poet)
Ranna (c. 949–1020) was one of the earliest and most celebrated Kannada poets, regarded as one of the "three gems" (Ratnatraya) of classical Kannada literature along with Adikavi Pampa and Ponna (poet) He flourished in the Western Chalukya court of Tailapa II and his successor Satyashraya, in what is now Karnataka, India. Ranna is renowned for his sophisticated style, martial themes, and deep Jain influence. He is best known for his two major surviving works: "Sahasa Bhima Vijaya" (also known as "Gadayuddha") and "Ajitha Purana" (Ajitanatha purana) about the second tirthankar of Jainism.

Satyashraya
Satyashraya (IAST: Satyāśraya; r. 997 – 1008 CE), also known as Sattiga or Irivabedanga, was a king of the Western Chalukya Empire. During a time of consolidation of the empire in the early 11th century, Satyashraya was involved in several battles with the Chola dynasty of Thanjavur, the Paramara dynasty and Chedi Kingdom of central India, and the Chaulukyas of Gujarat. The results of these wars were mixed, with victories and defeats. Even as a prince, during the rule of his father Tailapa II, Satyashraya had established himself as an ambitious warrior. Satyashraya patronised the great Kannada poet Ranna (one among the "three gems" or ratnatraya of classical Kannada literature) who compared his patron favourably to the Pandava prince Bhima (of the epic Mahabharatha) for his strength and valor in his epic poem Sahasabhimavijaya (lit, "Daring Bhima", the epic also known as Gadayuddha). Satyashraya held such titles as Akalavarsha, Akalankacharita and Sahasabhima.
Stephen Powers
Stephen Powers (1840–1904) was an American journalist, ethnographer, and historian of Native American tribes in California.  He traveled extensively to study and learn about their cultures, and wrote notable accounts of them.  His articles were first published over a series of years in the Overland Monthly journal, but collected in The Tribes of California (1877) published by the US Geological Survey.

Population of Native California
The population of Native California refers to the population of Indigenous peoples of California. Estimates prior to and after European contact have varied substantially. Pre-contact estimates range from 133,000 to 705,000 with some recent scholars concluding that these estimates are low.

Following the arrival of Europeans in California, disease and violence—termed the California Genocide—reduced the population to as low as 25,000. During and after the California Gold Rush, it is estimated that miners and others killed about 4,500 Indigenous people of California between 1849 and 1870. As of 2005, California is the state with the largest self-identified Native American population according to the U.S. Census at 696,600.
JT Thor
Jokhow Panom "JT" Thor (born August 26, 2002) is a South Sudanese American professional basketball player for Pallacanestro Reggiana of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). He played college basketball for the Auburn Tigers and was selected by the Detroit Pistons with the 37th overall pick in the 2021 NBA draft.

2021 NBA draft
The 2021 NBA draft, the 75th edition of the National Basketball Association's annual draft, was held on July 29, 2021, at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York. The NBA draft returned to Brooklyn after the previous year's draft was held through videoconferencing at ESPN Studios in Bristol, Connecticut due to the COVID-19 pandemic. With the first overall pick, the Detroit Pistons selected Cade Cunningham. The NBA used a "ceremonial pick" for the late Terrence Clarke, between the 14th and 15th pick of the draft.
5th Division (South Vietnam)
The Fifth Division  of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)—the army of the government of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975—was part of the III Corps that oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital, Saigon.

The Fifth Division was based in Biên Hòa, a town on the northern outskirts of Saigon, and due to the Division's close proximity to Saigon was a key factor in the success or failure of the various coup attempts in the nation's history. As a result, the loyalty of the commanding officer of the Division was crucial in maintaining power.

III Corps (South Vietnam)
III Corps (Vietnamese: Quân đoàn III) was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps in the ARVN, and oversaw the region of the country surrounding the capital Saigon.
Elephant (2003 film)
Elephant is a 2003 American psychological drama film written, directed and edited by Gus Van Sant. Heavily inspired by the 1999 Columbine High School massacre, the film chronicles the events surrounding a school shooting in Portland, Oregon. The narrative begins a short time before the shooting occurs, following the lives of several characters both in and out of school, who are unaware of what is about to unfold. The film stars mostly unknown or newcomer actors, including John Robinson, Alex Frost, and Eric Deulen.

Elephant is the second film in Van Sant's "Death Trilogy"—the first is Gerry (2002) and the third Last Days (2005)—all three of which are based on actual events.

Although Elephant was controversial for its subject matter and allegations of influence on the Red Lake shootings, it was generally praised by critics and received the Palme d'Or at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival.

Last Days (2005 film)
Last Days is a 2005 American drama film written, directed, produced and edited by Gus Van Sant. It is a fictionalized account of the last days of a musician, loosely based on Kurt Cobain. It was released to theaters in the United States on July 22, 2005 and was produced by HBO. The film stars Michael Pitt as the character Blake, based on Cobain. Lukas Haas, Asia Argento, Scott Patrick Green and Thadeus A. Thomas also star in the film. This is the first film from Picturehouse, a joint venture between Time Warner's New Line Cinema and HBO Films subsidiaries to release art house, independent, foreign, and documentary films. The film polarized critics.