hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moroccan Goumier
Senegalese left, Foreign Legionaire middle, Morocan  tabor right

The Moroccan Goumiers (French: Les Goumiers Marocains) were indigenous Moroccan soldiers who served in auxiliary units attached to the French Army of Africa, between 1908 and 1956. While nominally in the service of the Sultan of Morocco, they served under French officers, including a period as part of the Free French Forces.

Employed initially as tribal irregulars, then in regular contingents, the goumiers were employed extensively during the French occupation of Morocco from 1908 to the early 1930s. They then served in North Africa, Italy, and France during World War II between 1942 and 1945. During this period four Moroccan tabor groups (groupes de tabors marocains - GTM) were created, each comprising three tabors (battalions), and each tabor comprising three or four goums (companies). Goumiers subsequently served in Indochina from 1946 to 1954.

1st Army Corps (France)
The 1st Army Corps (French: 1er Corps d'Armée) was first formed before World War I. During World War II it fought in the Battle for France in 1940, on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica and Elba in 1943–1944 and in the campaigns to liberate France in 1944 and invade Germany in 1945.

The 1st Army Corps (1er Corps d'Armée) was recreated in 2026.
Al-Mansura, Tiberias
Al-Mansura (Arabic: المنصورة) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 10, 1948. It was located 16 kilometres northwest of Tiberias.

Maghar, Israel
Maghar (Arabic: المغار; Hebrew: מע'אר) also al-Maghar or Mghar, is a city of mixed population of Muslims, Christians, and Druze in the Northern District of Israel, with an area of 19,810 dunams. Maghar was given the status of a local council in 1956, and of a city in 2021. In 2023 it had a population of 23,184. Its population consists of 56.9% Druze, 21.8% Muslims, and 21.3% Christians.
Jacques Doniol-Valcroze
Jacques Doniol-Valcroze (French: [ʒak dɔnjɔl valkʁoz]; 15 March 1920 – 6 October 1989) was a French actor, critic, screenwriter, and director. In 1951, Doniol-Valcroze was a co-founder of the renowned film magazine Cahiers du cinéma, along with André Bazin and Joseph-Marie Lo Duca. The magazine was initially edited by Doniol-Valcroze between 1951–1957. As critic, he championed numerous filmmakers including Orson Welles, Howard Hawks, and Nicholas Ray.
In 1955, then 23-year-old François Truffaut made a short film in Doniol-Valcroze's apartment, Une Visite. Jacques's daughter Florence played a minor part in it.

In 1955, he was a member of the jury at the 16th Venice International Film Festival, and in 1964 a member of the jury at the 14th Berlin International Film Festival.

Joseph-Marie Lo Duca
Joseph-Marie Lo Duca (French: [lo dyka]; 18 November 1905 or 1910 – 6 August 2004) was an Italian-born journalist, novelist, art critic, and film historian best known as the co-founder in 1951 of the influential French magazine Cahiers du Cinéma with André Bazin, Jacques Doniol-Valcroze, and Léonide Keigel.
Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire
This is a list of individual who served as Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire. Since 1778, all Lord Lieutenants have also held the position of Custos Rotulorum of Caernarvonshire. The office was abolished on 31 March 1974 and succeeded by the position of Lord Lieutenant of Gwynedd.

Lord Lieutenant of Gwynedd
This is an incomplete list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant for Gwynedd. The office was created on 1 April 1974.

Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, 13th Baronet 1 April 1974 – 1980? (formerly Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey) with two lieutenants:
Sir Michael Duff, 3rd Baronet (formerly Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire) 1 April 1974 – 3 March 1980
Col. John Francis Williams-Wynne, (formerly Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire) 1 April 1974 – 1983?

Henry Paget, 7th Marquess of Anglesey 18 October 1983 – 5 March 1990

Sir Richard Ellis Meuric Rees 5 March 1990 – 24 February 2000

Prof. Eric Sunderland 24 February 2000 – 21 October 2005

Huw Morgan Daniel 1 May 2006 – 2014

Edmund Seymour Bailey 16 April 2014 – present
Isawa District, Iwate
List of Provinces of Japan > Tōsandō > Rikuchū Province > Isawa District

Japan > Tōhoku region > Iwate Prefecture > Isawa District

Isawa (胆沢郡, Isawa-gun) is a district located in Iwate Prefecture, Japan.

As of June 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 15,451 and a density of 86 persons per km2. The total area is 179.76 km2.

The district has only one town.

Kanegasaki

Rikuchū Province
Rikuchū Province (陸中国, Rikuchū no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɾʲi.kɯ̥ꜜ.tɕɯː (no kɯ.ɲi), -kɯ̥.tɕɯꜜː-]) was an old province in the area of Iwate and Akita Prefectures. It was sometimes called Rikushū (陸州), with Rikuzen and Mutsu Provinces.

Rikuchu covered most of modern-day Iwate Prefecture: with the exceptions of Ninohe District, Ninohe City, the northern portion of Hachimantai City, and the northern portion of Kuzumaki Town; Kesen District, Rikuzentakata City, Ōfunato City, and the southern portion of Kamaishi City; but also including Kazuno City and Kosaka Town in Akita Prefecture.

Rikuchū was created shortly after the Meiji Restoration out of part of Mutsu Province.
Equaliser (mathematics)
In mathematics, an equaliser is a set of arguments where two or more functions have equal values.
An equaliser is the solution set of an equation.
In certain contexts, a difference kernel is the equaliser of exactly two functions.

Limit (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the abstract notion of a limit captures the essential properties of universal constructions such as products, pullbacks and inverse limits.  The dual notion of a colimit generalizes constructions such as disjoint unions, direct sums, coproducts, pushouts and direct limits.

Limits and colimits, like the strongly related notions of universal properties and adjoint functors, exist at a high level of abstraction. In order to understand them, it is helpful to first study the specific examples these concepts are meant to generalize.
Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum
The Niles Essanay Silent Film Museum is located in what is now the  Niles district in the city of Fremont, California. The museum is housed in the Edison Theater building, a century-old Nickelodeon movie theater, just half a block from the former site of the Niles Essanay Studios where Broncho Billy and Charlie Chaplin made films in the 1910s. It is dedicated to preserving and showing silent films and their history.

The museum houses a large collection of Motion Picture equipment and related artifacts, as well as about 10,000 Silent Films in their archive.

Essanay Studios
Essanay Studios, officially the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, was an early American motion picture studio. The studio was founded in 1907 in Chicago by George Kirke Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of Charlie Chaplin comedies produced in 1915–1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and Anderson were subsequently awarded special Academy Awards for pioneering contributions to film.
Avinguda de Josep Tarradellas, Barcelona
Avinguda de Josep Tarradellas, often known as just Avinguda Tarradellas, is an avenue in Barcelona. Most of it is in the Les Corts district of the city, while the rest acts as the border of two other districts: Sants-Montjuïc and Eixample. It starts at Plaça dels Països Catalans, by Barcelona Sants railway station, and ends at Plaça de Francesc Macià.

It's named after Josep Tarradellas, the first president of the Generalitat de Catalunya in office after the Spanish transition to democracy. It was named Avinguda Infanta Carlota until 1988, after Carlota Joaquina of Spain.

Les Corts (district)
Les Corts (Catalan pronunciation: [ləs ˈkoɾts]) is one of the ten districts of the city of Barcelona in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia. It was a free territory tied to the crown, and became the autonomous municipality of Les Corts de Sarrià in 1836. In 1897, it was added to Barcelona, and was marked as district number four in the current demarcation in 1984.

Extending over a land area of 6.02 km2 (2.32 sq mi), it is the third smallest district in Barcelona after Ciutat Vella and Gràcia. It is located in the western part of the city, bordered by the districts of Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, Eixample, and Sants-Montjuïc, and the municipalities of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat and Esplugues de Llobregat in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. It had a population of 81,577 inhabitants in 2021, making it the least populous district of the city.
Dungan language
Dungan (/ˈdʊŋ.ɡɑːn/ or /ˈdʌŋ.ɡən/) is a Sinitic language spoken primarily in the Chu Valley of southeastern Kazakhstan and northern Kyrgyzstan. It is the native language of the Dungan people, a Hui subgroup that fled Qing China in the 19th century. It evolved from the Central Plains Mandarin variety spoken in Gansu and Shaanxi. It is the only Sino-Tibetan language to be officially written in the Cyrillic script. In addition, the Dungan language contains loanwords and archaisms not found in other modern varieties of Mandarin.

Cyrillization of Chinese
The cyrillization of Chinese is the transcription of Chinese characters into the Cyrillic alphabet.

The Palladius system is the official Russian standard for transcribing Mandarin Chinese into Russian, with variants existing for Ukrainian, Belarusian and the various languages of Russia. It was created by Palladius Kafarov, a Russian sinologist and monk who spent thirty years in China in the nineteenth century. Other languages that use the Cyrillic script have systems designed for their own language.
St. Albert, Alberta
St. Albert is a suburban city in Alberta, Canada, next to the Sturgeon River, northwest of the City of Edmonton, the provincial capital. It was originally settled as a Métis community, and is now the second-largest city in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region. St. Albert first received its town status in 1904 and was reached by the Canadian Northern Railway in 1906. Originally separated from Edmonton by several miles of farmland, the 1980s expansion of Edmonton's city limits placed St. Albert immediately adjacent to the larger city on St. Albert's southern and eastern sides.

Lac Ste. Anne (Alberta)
Lac Ste. Anne is a large lake in central Alberta, Canada. It is in Lac Ste. Anne County, along Highway 43, 75 km west of Edmonton.

The lake has a total area of 54.5 km2, a maximum depth of 11 m, and an average depth of 4.8 m. Lac Ste. Anne lies at an elevation of 730 m, and has a drainage area of 619 km2. The eutrophic lake is formed along the Sturgeon River through which it drains into the North Saskatchewan River. Two islands are found at the western end of the lake, Farming Island and Horse Island, while the small Castle Island and tiny Rock Island lie at the eastern tip of the lake.

Along the southern area coal mines generate power and employment, and recreational businesses have flourished because of the lakes. Agriculture is still a mainstay and the area is known for some of the best oat crops in Canada.
Epic poetry
In poetry, an epic is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants. With regard to oral tradition, epic poems consist of formal speech and are usually learnt word for word, contrasted with narratives that consist of everyday speech, categorised into 'factual' or fiction, the former of which is less susceptible to variation.

Influential epics that have shaped Western literature and culture include Homer's Iliad and Odyssey; Virgil's Aeneid; and the anonymous Beowulf. The genre has inspired the adjective epic as well as derivative works in other mediums (such as epic films) that evoke or emulate the characteristics of epics.

Song of Roland
The Song of Roland (French: La Chanson de Roland) is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on the deeds of the Frankish military leader Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in AD 778, during the reign of Charlemagne. It is the oldest surviving major work of French literature. It exists in various manuscript versions, which testify to its enormous and enduring popularity in Medieval and Renaissance literature from the 12th to the 16th centuries.

It is an epic poem written in Old French and is the first example of the chanson de geste, a literary form that flourished between the 11th and 16th centuries in Medieval Europe and celebrated legendary deeds. An early version was composed around AD 1040, with additions and alterations made up to about AD 1115. The final poem contains about 4,000 lines.
The Black Sheep of Whitehall
The Black Sheep of Whitehall (the opening credits read Black Sheep of Whitehall) is a 1942 British black-and-white comedy war film, directed by Will Hay and Basil Dearden, starring Will Hay, John Mills, Basil Sydney and Thora Hird in her screen debut. It was produced by Michael Balcon and Ealing Studios.

Will Hay
William Thomson Hay FRAS (6 December 1888 – 18 April 1949) was an English comedian best known for playing authority figures with comic failings in several films, most notably as a schoolmaster. His film Oh, Mr Porter! (1937), made by Gainsborough Pictures, is often cited as the supreme British-produced film-comedy, and in 1938 he was the third highest-grossing star in the UK. Many comedians have acknowledged him as a major influence. Hay was also a keen amateur astronomer.
Albania at the Olympics
Albania first participated at the Summer Olympic Games in 1972. After that, Albania boycotted the next four games for political reasons, as part of the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott, 1984 Summer Olympics boycott, 1988 Summer Olympics boycott, and the isolationist stance of Albania at the time. They returned for the Barcelona 1992 Summer Olympics and have appeared in all games since then. Albania made their Winter Olympic Games debut in 2006. Albania normally competes in events that include swimming, athletics, weightlifting, shooting, and wrestling. They have been represented by the Albanian National Olympic Committee since 1972.

Albania won two bronze medals in wrestling at the 2024 Summer Olympics. Its first ever Olympic medal came on 10 August 2024 when Chermen Valiev won bronze in the men's freestyle 74 kg and second medal came on 11 August 2024 when Islam Dudaev won bronze in the men's freestyle 65 kg.

Albanian National Olympic Committee
The Albanian National Olympic Committee (Albanian: Komiteti Olimpik Kombëtar Shqiptara, KOKSH) (IOC Code: ALB) is a non-profit organisation and the legal authority of Albania's participation in the Olympic Games. As a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), it is responsible for the development and management of all Olympic-related activities in the country.

Members of the committee are 46 sports federations, which elect the Executive Council composed of the president and ten members.

It is based in the country's capital, Tirana.
Washington Examiner
The Washington Examiner is an American conservative news magazine based in Washington, D.C., consisting of a website and a weekly printed magazine. It is owned by billionaire businessman Philip Anschutz through MediaDC, a subsidiary of Clarity Media Group.

From 2005 to 2013, the Examiner was published as a daily tabloid-sized newspaper, distributed throughout the Washington, D.C. metro area. The newspaper focused primarily on local news and political commentary. The local newspaper ceased publication in June 2013, whereupon its content began to focus almost exclusively on national politics from a conservative point of view. The Examiner switched its print edition from a daily newspaper to an expanded print weekly magazine format.

The Anschutz Corporation
The Anschutz Corporation is an American private holding company headquartered in Denver, Colorado, United States. The company was started in 1958 by Fred Anschutz, a wildcatter, who developed and operated oil wells. Philip Anschutz, Fred's eldest son, assumed control of the company in 1962 and diversified it with holdings in the entertainment and hospitality industries.

The Anschutz Exploration Corporation subsidiary has continued the original business of discovering and developing oil and gas wells, with particular focus on projects in Colorado, Utah and Wyoming.
Outburst (game)
Outburst (subtitled The Game of Verbal Explosions!) is a trivia party game designed by Brian Hersch and first published in 1986. Two teams compete over multiple rounds to reach 60 points by guessing items listed on a Topic Card within a time limit.

Party game
Party games are games that are played at social gatherings to facilitate interaction and provide entertainment and recreation. Categories include (explicit) icebreaker, parlour (indoor), picnic (outdoor), and large group games. Other types include pairing off (partnered) games, and parlour races. Different games will generate different atmospheres so the party game may merely be intended as an icebreakers, or the sole purpose for or structure of the party. As such, party games aim to include players of various skill levels and player-elimination is rare. Party games are intended to be played socially, and are designed to be easy for new players to learn.
La Belle, Texas
La Belle, also known as LaBelle, is an unincorporated community on Taylor Bayou and FM 365, approximately twelve miles south of Beaumont, in central Jefferson County, Texas, United States. It is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Jefferson County, Texas
Jefferson County is a county in the Coastal Plain or Gulf Prairie region of Southeast Texas. The Neches River forms its northeastern boundary. The county was named for U.S. president Thomas Jefferson. The county seat is Beaumont, which is also the largest city within the county.

The county was established in 1835 as a municipality of Mexico, which had gained independence from Spain. Because the area was lightly settled, the Mexican government allowed European Americans from the United States to settle here if they pledged loyalty to Mexico. This was organized as a county in 1837 after Texas achieved independence as a republic.  Texas later became part of the US.

Jefferson County is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area and has the highest population of the four-county MSA. As of the 2020 census, the population was 256,526.  Jefferson County has the highest percentage of African Americans in the state of Texas.
Argyle Street railway bridge, Moss Vale
The Argyle Street railway bridge is a heritage-listed railway bridge on the Main Southern railway line (146.037 km) at Moss Vale in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built by the New South Wales Government Railways in 1914 with steel supplied by Dorman Long of Middlesbrough, England. The property is owned by Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Moss Vale
Moss Vale is a town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. Moss Vale is the administrative centre of Wingecarribee Shire local government area. It is located 142 kilometres (88 mi) south-west of Sydney and 159 kilometres (99 mi) north-east of Canberra. The Illawarra Highway, which connects to Wollongong and the Illawarra coast via Macquarie Pass.

Moss Vale has several heritage buildings. In the centre of the main street is Leighton Gardens. Moss Vale has undergone recent (2019) gentrification. It has become a hub for independent and creative businesses, including design stores, cafes, and bars. The town has a commercial district and a golf course, including a large parkland, Cecil Hoskins Nature Reserve.
2014 Murienua by-election
A by-election was held in the Cook Islands electorate of Murienua on 19 February 2014. The by-election was precipitated by the resignation of the winner of the 2013 Murienua by-election following allegations of election fraud.

Both candidates in the 2013 by-election indicated that they would run again. A "stand-in" candidate for the Cook Islands Party, Tare Mareiti, subsequently withdrew. The election was won by the Democratic Party's James Beer.

2013 Murienua by-election
A by-election was held in the Cook Islands electorate of Murienua on 19 September 2013. The by-election was precipitated by the resignation of sitting MP Tom Marsters following his appointment as Queen's Representative.

Planning for the by-election began immediately following the announcement of Marsters' appointment. Initially the by-election was expected to happen in August, but it was later delayed until September.

The election was contested by two candidates: the Cook Islands Party's Kaota Tuariki and the Democratic Party's James Beer. It was won by Tuariki.
Ricky Rice
Ricky "The Prophet"  Rice is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearanceas with the Minneapolis-based promotions Pro Wrestling America and the American Wrestling Association.

PWA Heavyweight Championship (Minnesota)
The PWA Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling heavyweight championship in Pro Wrestling America (PWA). It is the only remaining championship after PWA began running occasional events in the mid-1990s.

The inaugural champion was Mad Dog Vachon, who defeated "Mr. Electricity" Steve Regal in Anoka, Minnesota on January 15, 1985 to become the first PWA Heavyweight Champion. Charlie Norris holds the record for most reigns, with five. At 554 days, Ricky Rice's first reign is the longest in the title's history. Erik Lockhart's only title reign is the shortest, at less than a day. Overall, there have been 26 reigns shared between 15 wrestlers with two vacancies.
The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper
The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper is an American animated television spin-off series and a sequel of the feature film Casper, which, in turn, was based on the Harvey Comics cartoon character of Casper the Friendly Ghost.

Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost
Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost is a fictional character that appeared in titles published by Harvey Comics. Spooky first appeared in Casper the Friendly Ghost #10 (June 1953). He is Casper's cousin, although their exact relation is never specified. He generally resembles Casper except he has freckles, a derby hat, and a large, black nose.
Caipira viola
The Caipira viola or Caipira guitar (in Portuguese: Viola caipira), is a Brazilian ten-string guitar with five courses of strings arranged in pairs. It is a variation of the Portuguese viola, serving as a basis for Caipira music, especially for subgenres of Caipira folklore, such as moda de viola, caipira pagode, catira, etc.

Caipira music
Caipira is a musical style of the Caipira culture, which originated in São Paulo, during the period of Portuguese colonization. The theme of the Caipira style, performed mainly to the accompaniment of a Caipira guitar, is especially based on life in the countryside or sertão, where Caipira culture first developed. The first Caipira music group emerged in 1924, the Turma Caipira, created by the folklorist Cornélio Pires, being composed in its first phase by Arlindo Santana, Sebastião Ortiz de Camargo, Zico Dias, Ferrinho, Mariano da Silva, Caçula and Olegário José de Godoy, all from Piracicaba.