hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
45th Fighter Squadron
The 45th Fighter Squadron is a United States Air Force Reserve unit.   It is assigned to the Air Force Reserve Command's (AFRC) 924th Fighter Group and stationed at Davis–Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona. The squadron currently flies the Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II.

924th Fighter Group
The 924th Fighter Group is a inactive group of the United States Air Force Reserve. It was inactivated on 6 September 2025. It was last assigned to the Tenth Air Force and stationed at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona as a geographically separated unit of the Air Force Reserve Command's 944th Fighter Wing at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona. The 924th last flew the A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft.

Until its inactivation in 1994, the group was known as the 924th Fighter Wing and was based at the former Bergstrom Air Force Base, Texas, the 924th was a subordinate command of Tenth Air Force and was inactivated as a wing on 27 September 1996 concurrent with Bergstrom's closure due to 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission action.
Florence Wolf Gotthold
Florence Wolf Gotthold (October 3, 1858 – August 17, 1930) was an American painter.

Born Florence Wolf in Uhrichsville, Ohio, Gotthold was the daughter of prominent attorney Simon Wolf; with her parents she moved to Washington, D.C. in 1862. Her teachers included R.R. Fritz, Harry Siddons Mowbray, Henry G. Dearth, and Max Weyl. She moved to New York City in 1898; she summered at Cos Cob, Connecticut, and exhibited work at the Yorke Galleries in Washington. She was a member of the Greenwich Society of Artists. In 1878 she married Frederick Gotthold. From the mid-1890s to the mid-1920s she showed work at the National Academy of Design, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the Art Institute of Chicago. She kept a studio in New York City until at least 1925; she died at her summer home, in Wilton, Connecticut.

Harry Siddons Mowbray
Henry Siddons Mowbray (August 5, 1858 – 1928) was an American artist. He executed various painting commissions for J.P. Morgan, F.W. Vanderbilt, and other clients. He served as director of the American Academy in Rome from 1902 to 1904.
Sanford Meisner
Sanford Meisner (August 31, 1905 – February 2, 1997) was an American actor and acting teacher who developed an approach to acting instruction that is now known as the Meisner technique. While Meisner was exposed to method acting at the Group Theatre, his approach differed markedly in that he completely abandoned the use of affective memory, a distinct characteristic of method acting. Meisner maintained an emphasis on "the reality of doing", which was the foundation of his approach.

Meisner technique
The Meisner technique is an approach to acting developed by American theatre practitioner Sanford Meisner.

The goal of the Meisner approach is for the actor to not focus on themselves and instead concentrate on the other actors in the immediate environment. To this end, some exercises for the Meisner technique are rooted in repetition so that the words are deemed insignificant compared to the underlying emotion. In the Meisner technique, there is a greater focus on the other actor as opposed to one's internal thoughts or feelings associated with the character.
The Meisner technique is different from method acting taught by Lee Strasberg, although both developed from the early teachings of Konstantin Stanislavski.
Proton pump
A proton pump is an integral membrane protein pump that builds up a proton gradient across a biological membrane. Proton pumps catalyzes the following reaction:

H+[on one side of a biological membrane] + energy  ⇌ H+[on the other side of the membrane]

Mechanisms are based on energy-induced conformational changes of the protein structure, or on the Q cycle.

During evolution, proton pumps have arisen independently on multiple occasions. Thus, not only throughout nature, but also within single cells, different proton pumps that are evolutionarily unrelated can be found. Proton pumps are divided into different major classes of pumps that use different sources of energy, exhibiting different polypeptide compositions and evolutionary origins.

V-ATPase
Vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) is a highly conserved evolutionarily ancient enzyme with remarkably diverse functions in eukaryotic organisms. V-ATPases acidify a wide array of intracellular organelles and pump protons across the plasma membranes of numerous cell types. V-ATPases couple the energy of ATP hydrolysis to proton transport across intracellular and plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells. It is generally seen as the polar opposite of ATP synthase because ATP synthase is a proton channel that uses the energy from a proton gradient to produce ATP. V-ATPase however, is a proton pump that uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to produce a proton gradient.

The Archaea-type ATPase (A-ATPase) is a related group of ATPases found in archaea that often work as an ATP synthase. It forms a clade V/A-ATPase with V-ATPase. Most members of either group shuttle protons (H+), but a few members have evolved to use sodium ions (Na+) instead.
Jeotgal
Jeotgal (Korean: 젓갈) or jeot (젓), translated as salted seafood, is a category of salted preserved dishes made with seafood such as shrimps, oysters, clams, fish, and roe. Depending on the ingredients, jeotgal can range from flabby or solid pieces to clear, broth-like liquid.

Solid jeotgal are usually eaten as banchan (side dishes). Liquid jeotgal, called aekjeot (액젓) or fish sauce, is popularly used in kimchi seasoning, as well as in various soups and stews (guk, jijimi, jjigae). As a condiment, jeotgal with smaller bits of solid ingredients such as saeu-jeot (shrimp jeotgal) is commonly served as a dipping sauce with pork dishes (bossam, jokbal, samgyeopsal), sundae (Korean sausage), hoe (raw fish), and a number of soups and stews.

Roe
Roe, (/roʊ/ ⓘ ROH) or hard roe, is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses, of fish and certain marine animals such as shrimp, scallop, sea urchins and squid. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes, and as a raw ingredient for delicacies such as caviar.

The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake, mullet, salmon, Atlantic bonito, mackerel, squid, and cuttlefish are especially rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, but omega-3s are present in all fish roe. Also, a significant amount of vitamin B12 is among the nutrients present in fish roes.

Roe from a sturgeon, or sometimes other fish such as flathead grey mullet, is the raw base product from which caviar is made.

The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt, not fish eggs.
Brittney Barreras
Brittney Barreras is an American politician who served as a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives for the 12th district from January 2021 to February 2022. As an independent candidate, Barreras defeated incumbent Democratic write-in candidate Art De La Cruz, who had been nominated to the seat in September 2020 after the resignation of Patricio Ruiloba. However, one week after the general election, Barreras announced that she was joining the Democratic Party, saying that it would have been difficult to win re-election as an Independent.

Art De La Cruz
Art De La Cruz is an American politician serving as a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives from the 12th district. Appointed on February 3, 2022, De La Cruz previously represented the same district from September 2020 to January 2021.
The Bold Ones: The Protectors
The Bold Ones: The Protectors (also known as The Protectors, Deadlock or The Law Enforcers) is an American crime drama series that aired on NBC from 1969 to 1970; it lasted for seven episodes (including one pilot movie).

The Protectors was part of The Bold Ones, a rotating series of dramas that also included The New Doctors (with E. G. Marshall), The Lawyers (with Burl Ives) and The Senator (with Hal Holbrook).  This was the shortest of the four series.

The Bold Ones
The Bold Ones is the umbrella title for a few television series. It was produced by Universal Television and broadcast on NBC from 1969 to 1973. It was a wheel format series, an NBC programming approach also used by that network in series such as The Name of the Game and the NBC Mystery Movie.
Jess Phillips
Jessica Rose Phillips (née Trainor; born 9 October 1981) is a British politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Yardley since 2015. A member of the Labour Party, she has served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Safeguarding and Violence Against Women and Girls since July 2024.

Phillips was appointed as Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to Lucy Powell, the Shadow Education Secretary, in 2015. A vocal critic of the former Leader of the Labour Party Jeremy Corbyn, Phillips resigned as a PPS in protest over Corbyn's leadership and said she would "find it incredibly difficult" to continue as an MP if Corbyn were re-elected as Labour leader. She supported Owen Smith in the failed attempt to replace Corbyn in the 2016 leadership election. Phillips was a candidate for Labour leader in the 2020 leadership election, but withdrew early in the contest.

Birmingham Yardley
Birmingham Yardley is a constituency of part of the city of Birmingham represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Jess Phillips of the Labour Party.

Yardley Rural District was annexed to Birmingham under the 1911 Greater Birmingham Act.
Red Bull Powertrains
Red Bull Powertrains Limited (RBPT) is a Formula One power unit manufacturing company owned by the Austrian Red Bull GmbH and based in the United Kingdom. The company was formed in 2021 to take over the operation of Formula One power units developed by Honda from 2022 onwards following the Japanese manufacturer's withdrawal from the sport after 2021. Red Bull Powertrains has full responsibility for engine supply and operations for both Red Bull-owned teams from 2026, when it was rebranded to Red Bull Ford Powertrains, following a partnership with Ford Motor Company.

Red Bull Powertrains operates in a 5,000-square-foot facility near to the Red Bull Racing chassis department in Milton Keynes.

Red Bull GmbH
Red Bull GmbH (German pronunciation: [ʁɛt ˈbʊl]) is an Austrian multinational private conglomerate company that created the Red Bull range of energy drinks. It is also known for its wide range of sporting events and teams. The headquarters of Red Bull GmbH are located in Fuschl am See, Salzburg.
Hidenoumi Takuya
Hidenoumi Takuya (Japanese: 英乃海 拓也; born 11 June 1989 as Iwasaki Takuya (岩崎 拓也)) is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler for Kise stable. A former amateur sumo competitor at Nihon University, he made his professional debut in 2012 and was promoted to the top makuuchi division in July 2015. His highest rank to date is maegashira 6. He has one jūryō division yūshō or championship. He is the elder brother of Oitekaze stable wrestler Tobizaru.

Nihon University
Nihon University (日本大学, Nihon Daigaku; lit. 'Japan University'), abbreviated as Nichidai (日大), is a private research university in Japan. Its predecessor, Nihon Law School (currently the Department of Law), was founded by Yamada Akiyoshi, the Minister of Justice, in 1889. The university's name is derived from the Japanese word "Nihon" meaning Japan. Nihon University now has 16 colleges and 87 departments, 20 postgraduate schools, one junior college which is composed of five departments, one correspondence division, 32 research institutes and three hospitals. The number of students exceeds 70,000 and is the largest in Japan.
Revenant (TV series)
Revenant (Korean: 악귀) is a 2023 South Korean television series written by Kim Eun-hee and starring Kim Tae-ri, Oh Jung-se, and Hong Kyung. It aired from June 23 to July 29, 2023, on SBS TV's Fridays and Saturdays at 22:00 (KST). It is also available for streaming on Disney+ in selected regions.

Oh Jung-se
Oh Jung-se (Korean: 오정세; born February 26, 1977) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his lead roles in the television series It's Okay to Not Be Okay (2020), Uncle (2021), Revenant (2023), Mr. Plankton (2024), and Good Boy (2025), as well as the film Swing Kids (2018) and Hi-Five (2025). He won Best Supporting Actor – Television at the Baeksang Arts Awards for two consecutive years in 2020 and 2021.
Luella Mundel
Luella Raab Mundel (April 26, 1913 – March 22, 2004) was a former head of the art department of Fairmont State College in Fairmont, West Virginia who was known for her job termination and blacklisting due to questions about her beliefs during the McCarthy era.

Fairmont, West Virginia
Fairmont is a city in Marion County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 18,313 at the 2020 census, making it the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is the principal city of the Fairmont micropolitan area, which includes all of Marion County in North Central West Virginia and had a population of 56,205 in 2020. Fairmont is also a principal city of the larger Morgantown–Fairmont combined statistical area. The city is home to Fairmont State University, serving more than 3,000 students.
42nd Karlovy Vary International Film Festival
The 42nd Karlovy Vary International Film Festival from 29 June to 7 July 2007. The Crystal Globe was won by Jar City, an Icelandic police detective film directed by Baltasar Kormákur. The second prize, the Special Jury Prize was won by Lucky Miles, an Australian drama directed by Michael James Rowland. Bård Breien was named Best Director. The Best Actress title went to Elvira Mínguez, and Best Actor to Sergey Puskepalis.

Lucky Miles
Lucky Miles is a 2007 Australian drama feature film based on several true stories involving people entering Western Australia by boat in order to seek asylum. Its director was Michael James Rowland and its producers were Jo Dyer and Lesley Dyer.
Vanderburgh County, Indiana
Vanderburgh County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 180,136. The county seat is Evansville. While Vanderburgh County was the eighth-largest county in 2020 population in Indiana, it is also the eighth-smallest county in area and the smallest in southwestern Indiana, covering only 236 square miles (610 km2). Vanderburgh County forms the core of the Evansville metropolitan statistical area.

Evansville metropolitan area
The Evansville metropolitan area is the 164th largest metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States. The primary city is Evansville, Indiana, the third most populous city in Indiana and the most populous city in Southern Indiana as well as the hub for Southwestern Indiana. Other Indiana cities include Boonville, Mount Vernon, Jasper, Oakland City, Princeton, and Vincennes. Large towns in Indiana include Chandler, Fort Branch, McCutchanville, and Newburgh. Cities in Kentucky include Henderson, Sebree,  Providence, and Robards. It currently covers an area of 2,367 mi2 (6,130 km2). It is the primary metropolitan area in the Illinois–Indiana–Kentucky Tri-State Area.
Natalya Sokolova (sprinter)
Natalya Dmitriyevna Sokolova (Russian: Наталья Дмитриевна Соколова; née Куличкова, Kulichkova; born 6 October 1949 in Moscow) is a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres.

Sokolova trained at Dynamo in Moscow. She competed for the USSR in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Canada in the 4 x 400 metres where she won the bronze medal with her teammates Inta Kļimoviča, Lyudmila Aksyonova and Nadezhda Ilyina.

Lyudmila Aksyonova
Lyudmila Vasilyevna Shapovalova-Aksyonova (Russian: Людмила Васильевна Аксёнова; also transliterated Aksenova, born 23 April 1947 in Sevastopol) is a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres, training at VSS Avanhard in Kyiv.

She competed for Soviet Union in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in the 4 × 400 metres where she won the bronze medal with her teammates Inta Kļimoviča, Natalya Sokolova and Nadezhda Ilyina.
County of Wied
The County of Wied (German pronunciation: [viːt] ⓘ) was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire located on the river Wied where it meets the Rhine. Wied emerged as a County earlier than many other German states. From 1243–1462, Wied was united with an Isenburgian County as Isenburg-Wied. Wied was partitioned twice: between itself and Wied-Dierdorf in 1631, and between Wied-Neuwied and Wied-Runkel in 1698. The county was incorporated into the Duchy of Nassau in 1806 and into the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Since 1946, its territory has been part of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.  Via William of Albania, the House of Wied ruled the Principality of Albania in 1914.

Wied-Runkel
Wied-Runkel was a small German state with Imperial immediacy. Wied-Runkel was located around the town and castle of Runkel, located on the Lahn River. It extended from the town of Runkel to further north of Schupbach, but also held an exclave east of Villmar.
Caroline Mulroney
Caroline Anne Mulroney Lapham ECO KC MPP (born June 11, 1974) is a Canadian businesswoman, lawyer, and politician who currently serves as the President of the Treasury Board of Ontario and Minister of Francophone Affairs.

Born in Montreal, Canada, she is the daughter of former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. A graduate of Harvard University and New York University, she was the elected MPP for the riding of York—Simcoe in the 2018 election as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario and was a candidate in the 2018 Ontario Progressive Conservative Party leadership election, placing third. She served as Attorney General of Ontario from 2018 to 2019.

Mulroney grew up in Ottawa before attending university in the United States, and worked there for 12 years until 2005 when she returned to Canada, worked in financial services and became involved in charitable work. She also served on the board of directors of the Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority.

Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority
The Windsor–Detroit Bridge Authority (WDBA; French: Autorité du pont Windsor-Détroit) is a Canadian federal Crown corporation that is responsible for administering the construction and future operation of the Gordie Howe International Bridge between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan.
E. Stevens Henry
Edward Stevens Henry (February 10, 1836 – October 10, 1921) was an American businessman and politician from Connecticut who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representative for Connecticut's 1st congressional district from 1895 to 1913.  He also served as the 44th treasurer of Connecticut from 1889 to 1893, in the Connecticut House of Representatives and the Connecticut Senate, and as mayor of Rockville, Connecticut.

Connecticut House of Representatives
The Connecticut House of Representatives is the lower house in the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The house is composed of 151 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing nearly 22,600 residents. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits.
The House convenes within the Connecticut State Capitol in Hartford.
Prehistoric sites in Serbia
The best known cultural archaeological discoveries from the prehistoric period on the territory of modern-day Serbia are the Starčevo and Vinča cultures dating back to 6400–6200 BC.

Serbia's strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many nations.

Starčevo culture
The Starčevo culture is an archaeological culture of Southeastern Europe, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 6200 and 4500 BCE. It originates in the spread of the Neolithic package of peoples and technological innovations including farming and ceramics from Asia Minor to the area of Sesklo. The Starčevo culture marks its spread to the inland Balkan peninsula as the Cardial ware culture did along the Adriatic coastline. It forms part of the wider Starčevo–Criş culture which gave rise to the central European Linear Pottery culture c. 700 years after the initial spread of Neolithic farmers towards the northern Balkans.

The Starčevo site, the type site, is located on the north bank of the Danube near the village of Starčevo in Serbia (Vojvodina province), opposite Belgrade.
Where the Sidewalk Ends (film)
Where the Sidewalk Ends is a 1950 American film noir directed and produced by Otto Preminger. The screenplay for the film was written by Ben Hecht and adapted by Robert E. Kent, Frank P. Rosenberg and Victor Trivas based on the novel Night Cry by William L. Stuart. The film stars Dana Andrews and Gene Tierney.

Considered by many as a classic of the film noir genre, the film displays a brand of violence "lurking below urban society", a significant noir motif.

Dana Andrews
Carver Dana Andrews (January 1, 1909 – December 17, 1992) was an American film actor who became a major star in what is now known as film noir and later in Western films. A leading man during the 1940s, he continued acting in less prestigious roles and character parts into the 1980s. He is best known for his portrayal of obsessed police detective Mark McPherson in the noir mystery Laura (1944) and his critically acclaimed performance as World War II veteran Fred Derry returning home in The Best Years of Our Lives (1946).
The Music Improvisation Company 1968–1971
The Music Improvisation Company 1968–1971 is an album by The Music Improvisation Company recorded over 1968 and 1970 and released on the Incus label in 1976. The quartet features saxophonist Evan Parker, guitarist Derek Bailey, Hugh Davies on various self-made electronic instruments, and percussionist Jamie Muir.

Derek Bailey (guitarist)
Derek Bailey (29 January 1930 – 25 December 2005) was an English avant-garde guitarist and an important figure in the free improvisation movement. Bailey abandoned conventional performance techniques found in jazz, exploring atonality, noise, and whatever unusual sounds he could produce with the guitar. Much of his work was released on his own label Incus Records. In addition to solo work, Bailey collaborated frequently with other musicians and recorded with collectives such as Spontaneous Music Ensemble and Company.
William Babcock Hazen
William Babcock Hazen (September 27, 1830 – January 16, 1887) was a career United States Army officer who served in the Indian Wars, as a Union general in the American Civil War, and as Chief Signal Officer of the U.S. Army. His most famous service was defending "Hell's Half Acre" at the Battle of Stones River in 1862, and seizing Fort McAllister, Georgia, in December 1864, which allowed William Sherman to capture Savannah at the end of his March to the Sea.

Second Battle of Fort McAllister
The Second Battle of Fort McAllister took place December 13, 1864, during the final stages of Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's March to the Sea during the American Civil War. Union forces overwhelmed a small Confederate force defending the strategically important Fort McAllister near Savannah, Georgia, a major Federal objective.