hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Central Maine & Quebec Railway
The Central Maine and Québec Railway (reporting mark CMQ) was a Class II freight railroad operating in the U.S. states of Maine and Vermont and the Canadian province of Quebec with headquarters in Bangor, Maine.  It was owned by Railroad Acquisition Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of Fortress Investment Group, LLC. It is now a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Railway since June 2020.

Its United States operations were named the Central Maine and Québec Railway US Incorporated with offices in New York, NY, and were registered with the Surface Transportation Board on February 14, 2014.

Its Canadian operations were named the Central Maine and Québec Railway Canada Incorporated with offices in Sherbrooke, QC, and were registered with Revenue Québec on February 14, 2014.

Fortress Investment Group
Fortress Investment Group, LLC is an American multi-manager investment firm based in New York City. The firm invests in corporate credit, real estate, private equity, insurance, and permanent capital strategies. Fortress manages $53 billion of assets as of August 2025 on behalf of over 2,000 institutional clients and private investors worldwide.

Fortress was founded in 1998. The company listed on the NYSE in February 2007, delisted in 2017, and, as of 2024, began operating as a privately held and independent brand. Drew McKnight and Joshua Pack were the co-CEOs of Fortress, prior to Mr. Pack's unexpected passing in September 2025.
Yury Luzhkov
Yury Mikhailovich Luzhkov (Russian: Юрий Михайлович Лужков, IPA: [ˈjʉrʲɪj mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ lʊˈʂkof]; 21 September 1936 – 10 December 2019) was a Russian politician who served as mayor of Moscow from 1992 to 2010. Before the election of Gavriil Popov as the first mayor of Moscow, he also headed the capital in 1990-1991 as chairman of the Mosgorispolkom. He was the vice-chairman and one of the founders of the ruling United Russia party. During Luzhkov's time, Moscow's economy expanded and he presided over large construction projects in the city, including the building of a new financial district. At the same time, he was accused of corruption, bulldozing historic buildings, and poor handling of traffic, as well as the city's smog crisis during the 2010 Russian wildfires. On 28 September 2010, Luzhkov was fired from his post by a decree issued by then-President Dmitry Medvedev.

Zurab Tsereteli
Zurab Konstantinovich Tsereteli (Georgian: ზურაბ კონსტანტინეს ძე წერეთელი, romanized: zurab k'onst'ant'ines dze ts'ereteli; 4 January 1934 – 22 April 2025) was a Georgian painter, sculptor and architect known for large-scale and at times controversial monuments. Tsereteli served as the President of the Russian Academy of Arts from 1997 until his death.
Aletopelta
Aletopelta (/əˌliːtoʊˈpɛltə ˈkoʊmzi/; meaning 'wanderer shield') is a monospecific genus of basal ankylosaurid dinosaur from Southern California that lived during the Late Cretaceous (upper Campanian stage, 75.5 Ma) in what is now the Point Loma Formation. The type and only species, Aletopelta coombsi, is known from a partial skeleton preserving osteoderms. It was originally described in 1996 by W. P. Coombs, Jr. and T.A. Deméré before being named in 2001 by Tracy Ford and James Kirkland. Aletopelta has an estimated size of 5 metres (16 feet) and weight of 2 tonnes (4,409 lbs). The holotype formed a miniature reef and was scavenged upon by invertebrates and sharks.

Point Loma Formation
The Point Loma Formation is a sedimentary geological formation in Southern California. The strata date back to the Late Cretaceous epochs of the Cretaceous period, during the Mesozoic Era.

The formation is named after the Point Loma peninsula in southwestern San Diego County, California.
Hwang Young-hee
Hwang Young-hee (Korean: 황영희; born March 22, 1969) is a South Korean actress and model. She is known for her roles in the dramas Queen of Tears, While You Were Sleeping, My Healing Love, and Nokdu Flower, and in movies such as The Witness, Stray Dogs, May 18, and Mother.

While You Were Sleeping (2017 TV series)
While You Were Sleeping (Korean: 당신이 잠든 사이에; RR: Dangsini jamdeun saie) is a 2017 South Korean television series starring Lee Jong-suk, Bae Suzy, Lee Sang-yeob, Jung Hae-in, and Ko Sung-hee. Consisting of sixteen chapters distributed over 16 episodes, this legal drama-fantasy television series centers on the lives on three young adults—a field reporter, a prosecutor, and a police officer—who have acquired the ability to foresee future events through their dreams, after saving each other many years ago.

The series is directed by Oh Chung-hwan and written by Park Hye-ryun. It aired on SBS from September 27 to November 16, 2017, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at the 22:00 (KST). The drama completed filming and editing before airing the pilot episode. The drama is available on online streaming services such as Netflix, Viki, KOCOWA and Viu. iQIYI also broadcasts the drama.
MS GNV Cristal
MS  GNV Cristal is a cruiseferry owned by the Italy-based SNAV and operated by their Grandi Navi Veloci brand. She was built in 1989 by Schichau Seebeckwerft in Bremerhaven, West Germany as MS Olau Hollandia for Olau Line. From 1994 to 2005 she sailed as MS Pride of Le Havre for P&O Ferries. From 2005 to 2017 she operated as the SNAV Sardegna between Civitavecchia, Palermo and Olbia.

Olau Line
Olau Line was a shipping company that existed from 1956 to 1994. It operated a ferry service from the United Kingdom to the Netherlands from 1974 until 1994. Originally based in Denmark, the company passed under the ownership of the German TT-Line in 1979.
Demba Diawara
Demba Diawara (born c. 1931) is an imam and village leader of Keur Simbara in Senegal. He is known for his leadership in encouraging village communities to abandon the tradition of female genital cutting. He knew of the first declarations at the Senegalese village of Malicounda Bambara to abandon FGC in 1997 and he led his village and many more to the first multilateral announcement at Diabougou in 1998.

Keur Simbara
Keur Simbara is a small village in the Thiès Region in Senegal. The village is known internationally because of the efforts of its village chief Demba Diawara. He persuaded a group of villages to co-operate to renounce Female Genital Cutting. Diawara believed that in order for Keur Simbara to renounce FGM then he would need to persuade the villages wider social network. This was achieved. Keur Simbara, a small village, has received Ministers from other countries.
Kakaskutatakuch River
The Kakaskutatakuch River is a tributary of the Iskaskunikaw River in Regional County Municipality (RCM) of Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality) in the area of the Nord-du-Québec, Canadian province of Quebec, in Canada.

The hydrographic slope of the Kakaskutatakuch River is served by the northern route coming from Matagami and cutting the upper course of the river. The surface of the river is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Pauschikushish Ewiwach River
The Pauschikushish River Ewiwach is a tributary of Dana Lake (Eeyou Istchee Baie-James) in Regional County Municipality (RCM) of Eeyou Istchee Baie-James (municipality), in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in the Canadian province of Quebec, in Canada.

The hydrographic slope of the “Pauschikushish Ewiwach River” does not have a nearby access road; however, the northern route from Matagami passes 3.1 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of a curve of the “Pauschikushish Ewiwach River”. The surface of the river is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-November to mid-April.
Dennis Publishing
Dennis Publishing Ltd. was a British publisher. It was founded in 1973 as Sportscene Specialist Press by Felix Dennis. Its first publication was a kung-fu magazine. Most of its titles now belong to Future plc.

In the 1980s, it became a leading publisher of computer enthusiast magazines in the United Kingdom. In the 1990s, it expanded to the American market, where it published the lifestyle magazines Maxim, the consumer electronics magazine Stuff, and the music magazine Blender. In 2007, the company sold all its American holdings, with the exception of the U.S. edition of The Week.

Felix Dennis died in 2014, leaving ownership of the company to the charity organization Heart of England Forest.  In 2018, the company was sold to Exponent, a British private equity firm.

Future plc acquired the company and its 12 titles in August 2021, absorbing them into Future Publishing.

Maxim (magazine)
Maxim (stylized in all caps) is an international men's magazine, devised and launched in the United Kingdom in 1995, but based in New York City since 1997. It is known for its photography of actors, singers and female models whose careers are at their peak.  Maxim has a circulation of about 9 million readers each month. Maxim Digital reaches more than 4 million unique viewers each month. Maxim magazine publishes 16 editions, sold in 75 countries worldwide.
Charles Johnson Maynard
Charles Johnson Maynard (May 6, 1845 – October 15, 1929) was an American naturalist and ornithologist born in Newton, Massachusetts. He was a collector, a taxidermist, and an expert on the vocal organs of birds. In addition to birds, he also studied mollusks, moss, gravestones and insects. He lived in the house at 459 Crafts Street in Newton, Massachusetts, built in 1897 and included in the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 as the Charles Maynard House. The Charles Johnson Maynard Award is given out by the Newton Conservators, Inc.

Charles Maynard House
The Charles Maynard House is a historic house at 459 Crafts Street in Newton, Massachusetts.  The house was built in 1897, and is an example of a Queen Anne Victorian with Colonial Revival styling.  It is also notable as the home of naturalist and taxidermist Charles Johnson Maynard.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
The Koster Waltz
The Koster Waltz (Swedish: Kostervalsen) is a 1958 Swedish romance film directed by Rolf Husberg and starring Egon Larsson, Åke Söderblom, Yvonne Lombard and Gaby Stenberg. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Nilsson.

Yvonne Lombard
Yvonne Lombard (born 28 May 1929) is a Swedish actress. Born in Stockholm, Lombard studied at the Royal Dramatic Theatre ("Dramaten") there, where she trained between 1948 and 1951 with the likes of Max von Sydow and Ingrid Thulin. She has performed in several films, television series and in the theatre. She is perhaps best known for her collaboration with director Ingmar Bergman in A Lesson in Love. She was married to author Lennart Hellsing from 1953 until his death in November 2015.
Morrow Pivot
The Pivot is a family of early IBM PC–compatible portable computers first released in 1984 by Morrow Designs, a company founded by George Morrow. It was the first lunchbox-style portable computer, with a vertically configured case that had a fold-down keyboard.: 2240  The only external component was a single AC adapter. It would have been a little top heavy except for the large camcorder-style battery loaded into its base. The Pivot was designed by Chikok Shing of Vadem Inc.

The IBM-compatible Pivot was Morrow's first non-Z80 machine. While modern laptops do not necessarily share its design, it was arguably the most practical machine until desktops embraced 3.5-inch floppies.

George Morrow (computers)
George C. Morrow (January 30, 1934 – May 7, 2003) was an American computer designer and computer company executive, remembered as being part of the early microcomputer industry in the United States. Morrow promoted and improved the S-100 bus used in many early microcomputers. Called "one of the microcomputer industry's iconoclasts" by Richard Dalton in the Whole Earth Software Catalog, Morrow ran his own computer business, Thinker Toys, Inc., later Morrow Designs. He was also a member of the Homebrew Computer Club.
Brány Skeldalu 2: Pátý Učedník
The Fifth Disciple (aka Brány Skeldalu II) is a Czech adventure video game by Napoleon Games that was released on December 1, 2002 for Microsoft Windows. It is the sequel to Brány Skeldalu and was followed by Brány Skeldalu 3: 7 Mágů.

Brány Skeldalu
Gates of Skeldal (Czech: Brány Skeldalu) is a Dungeon crawler role-playing video game. The 2D and 3D graphics combining game was developed by Czech studio Napoleon Games and published by JRC Interactive in 1998. In 2007 the game was made freeware, followed by the opening of the source code in 2008. After a successful crowdfunding campaign, a port for mobile phones was released in 2014.
Pierre-Ludovic Duclos
Pierre-Ludovic Duclos-Lasnier, commonly referred to as Pierre-Ludovic Duclos, (born January 8, 1986) is a Canadian former professional tour tennis player. In 2014 he was sentenced to six-years in prison for attempting to have a sexual encounter with a 13-year-old girl.

Duclos has appeared in six ATP World Tour main draw matches, winning one of two singles matches and one of three in doubles. He has also captured four ATP Challenger events, all in doubles.

Peter Polansky
Peter Polansky (/pəˈlænski/ pə-LAN-skee; born June 15, 1988) is a Canadian former professional tennis player of Czech origin. He was Canada's top singles player from June 21, 2010, until January 17, 2011, in the ATP rankings. He was also Canada's No. 2 from August 4, 2008, until June 21, 2010, with the exception of one week. In 2018, he became the first player in the Open Era to qualify for all four Grand Slam tournaments as a lucky loser within the same calendar year.
St Gregory's Church, Sudbury
The Church of St Gregory, Sudbury is a Church of England parish church, located in the town of Sudbury in Suffolk, England. First mentioned in the 10th century, most of the present building dates from the 14th and 15th centuries. The church famously possesses the head of Archbishop Simon Sudbury, who was beheaded by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. It is a Grade I listed building.

Simon Sudbury
Simon Sudbury (c. 1316 – 14 June 1381) was Bishop of London from 1361 to 1375, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 until his death, and in the last year of his life Lord Chancellor of England. He met a violent death during the Peasants' Revolt in 1381.
Tandoori chicken
Tandoori chicken is a dish made from chicken marinated in yogurt and spices and roasted in a tandoor, a cylindrical clay oven. The dish is now popular worldwide. The modern form of the dish was popularised by the Moti Mahal restaurant in New Delhi, India in the late 1940s.

Chicken tikka
Chicken tikka is a dish of roasted marinated chicken pieces traditionally cooked in a tandoor. It is associated with Mughal cuisine, reflecting Central and South Asian cooking techniques and the use of yogurt-based marinades and spices. It is now popular across South Asia and worldwide. The dish later served as the basis for the British curry chicken tikka masala.”
Gulama
Gulama (Kannada:ಗುಲಾಮ) is a 2009 Kannada-language film directed by Tushar Ranganath and produced by Ramu. The film stars Prajwal Devraj and Bianca Desai in the lead roles. Music was composed by Gurukiran. The film released statewide on 1 January 2009.

Gulama means bondsman in Kannada.

Tushar Ranganath
Tushar Ranganath (31 March 1974 – 20 December 2011), also known as Ranganth or Ranganna, was a Kannada cinema director. Born and raised in Bangalore, India, Ranganath made his directorial debut with Gulama. He died due to cardiac arrest on 20 December 2011.
Kvitingskjølen
Kvitingskjølen is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,064-metre (6,772 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of the village of Fossbergom and about 23 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of the village of Vågåmo. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Eisteinhovde to the west; Veslkjølen to the northwest; Skarvhøe and Ilvetjørnhøe to the north; Grjothovden, Saukampen, and Liaberget to the east; Heranoshøe to the south; and Store Trollhøin and Finnshalspiggen.

Skarvhøe
Skarvhøe is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,739-metre (5,705 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southeast of the village of Fossbergom and about 21 kilometres (13 mi) southwest of the village of Vågåmo. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Eisteinhovde and Veslkjølen to the southwest; Ilvetjørnhøe to the south; Gråvåhøe, Grjothovden, and Saukampen to the southeast; and Kvitingskjølen to the south. The name loosely translates to "Scarf Hill" in English.
Oxylobus (plant)
Oxylobus is a genus of Mesoamerican flowering plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Oxylobus adscendens (Sch.Bip. ex Hemsl.) B.L.Rob. & Greenm. - from Hidalgo to Guatemala

Oxylobus arbutifolius (Kunth) A.Gray - from Puebla to Guatemala

Oxylobus glandulifer (Sch.Bip. ex Benth. & Hook.f.) A.Gray - from Veracruz to Guatemala

Oxylobus oaxacanus S.F.Blake - Oaxaca, Chiapas

Oxylobus preecei B.L.Turner - Oaxaca,  Puebla

Oxylobus subglabrus R.M.King & H.Rob. - Oaxaca

formerly included

see Phania Revealia

Oxylobus macrocephalus Paray - Revealia macrocephala (Paray) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Oxylobus trinervius Moc. ex DC. - Phania trinervia DC.

Phania (plant)
Phania is a genus of plants in the tribe Eupatorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

formerly included

see Hofmeisteria Oxylobus

Phania arbutifolia (Kunth) DC. - Oxylobus arbutifolius (Kunth) A.Gray

Phania dissecta Hook. & Arn. - Hofmeisteria dissecta (Hook. & Arn.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

Phania urenifolia Hook. & Arn. - Hofmeisteria urenifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Walp.
Valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains and typically containing a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over a very long period. Some valleys are formed through erosion by glacial ice. These glaciers may remain present in valleys in high mountains or polar areas.

At lower latitudes and altitudes, glacially formed valleys may have been created or enlarged during ice ages but now are ice-free and occupied by streams or rivers. In desert areas, valleys may be entirely dry or carry a watercourse only rarely. In areas of limestone bedrock, dry valleys may result from drainage now taking place underground rather than at the surface. Rift valleys arise principally from earth movements, rather than erosion. Many different types of valleys are described by geographers, using terms that may be global in use or else applied only locally.

Ravine
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (Nevis), gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight).

A ravine is generally a fluvial slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterized by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial stream.
Markowitz model
In finance, the Markowitz model ─ put forward by Harry Markowitz in 1952 ─ is a portfolio optimization model; 
it assists in the selection of the most efficient portfolio by analyzing various possible portfolios of the given securities. 
Here, by choosing securities that do not 'move' exactly together, the HM model shows investors how to reduce their risk. 
The HM model is also called mean-variance model due to the fact that it is based on expected returns (mean) and the standard deviation (variance) of the various portfolios.
It is foundational to Modern portfolio theory.

Portfolio optimization
Portfolio optimization is the process of selecting an optimal portfolio (asset distribution), out of a set of considered portfolios, according to some objective. The objective typically maximizes factors such as expected return, and minimizes costs like financial risk, resulting in a multi-objective optimization problem. Factors being considered may range from tangible (such as assets, liabilities, earnings or other fundamentals) to intangible (such as selective divestment).
Ōyama, Toyama
Ōyama (大山町, Ōyama-machi) was a town located in Kaminiikawa District, Toyama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,686 and a density of 20.42 persons per km2. The total area was 572.32 km2.

On April 1, 2005, Ōyama, along with the towns of Ōsawano (also from Kaminiikawa District), the towns of Fuchū and Yatsuo, and the villages of Hosoiri and Yamada (all from Nei District), was merged into the expanded city of Toyama.

Fuchu, Toyama
Fuchū (婦中町, Fuchū-machi) was a town located in Nei District, Toyama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 35,749 and a density of 525.41 persons per km2. The total area was 68.04 km2.

On April 1, 2005, Fuchū, along with the towns of Ōsawano and Ōyama (both from Kaminiikawa District), the town of Yatsuo, and the villages of Hosoiri and Yamada (all from Nei District), was merged into the expanded city of Toyama.
Halaesa
Halaesa (Ancient Greek: Ἅλαισα, Latin: Halaesa), also known as  Halaesa Archonidea and also spelled Alaesa or Halesa was an ancient city of Magna Graecia in Sicily, situated near the north coast of the island, between Cephaloedium (modern Cefalù) and Calacte (modern Caronia).

The site has been partially excavated and a museum contains finds.

Caronia
Caronia (Sicilian: Carunìa, Greek: Καλάκτα (Ptol.) or  Καλὴ Ἀκτὴ (Diod. et al.), Latin: Calacte or Cale Acte) is a town and comune on the north coast of Sicily, in the Metropolitan City of Messina, about halfway between Tyndaris (modern Tindari) and Cephaloedium (modern Cefalù). The town has 3,555 inhabitants.
Wonderland (musical)
Wonderland, formerly called Wonderland: Alice's New Musical Adventure or Wonderland: A New Alice, is a musical play with a book by Jack Murphy and Gregory Boyd, lyrics by Murphy, and music by Frank Wildhorn. The story, a contemporary version of the novels Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871) by Lewis Carroll, is set in New York City and focuses on writer Alice Cornwinkle and her 10-year-old daughter Chloe.

After various workshops and productions of the musical in Tampa, Florida and Houston, Texas, the show premiered on Broadway on April 17, 2011, closing a month later, on May 15, 2011.

Frank Wildhorn
Frank Wildhorn (born November 29, 1958) is an American composer of both musicals and popular songs. His musical Jekyll & Hyde ran for four years on Broadway. He also wrote the hit song "Where Do Broken Hearts Go" for Whitney Houston.
Ladies of the '80s: A Divas Christmas
Ladies of the '80s: A Divas Christmas is a 2023 American Christmas comedy television film directed by Christie Will Wolf, written by James Berg and Stan Zimmerman, and executive-produced by Larry A. Thompson. It stars Loni Anderson (in her final film before her death in 2025), Morgan Fairchild, Linda Gray, Donna Mills and Nicollette Sheridan as five glamorous soap opera divas as they reunite to shoot the final Christmas episode of their long-running former (fictional) series, The Great Lakes. The supporting cast includes Travis Burns and Taylor Ann Thompson as producer and soap director, Christopher Atkins, Patrika Darbo, Alec Mapa and Donna Mills' daughter, Chloe Mills.

It premiered on Lifetime as a part of It’s a Wonderful Lifetime holiday movie slate on December 2, 2023.

Loni Anderson
Loni Kaye Anderson (August 5, 1945 – August 3, 2025) was an American actress. She is best known for playing receptionist Jennifer Marlowe on the CBS sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–1982), which earned her nominations for three Golden Globe Awards and two Emmy Awards.