hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bianca Maria Sforza
Bianca Maria Sforza (5 April 1472 – 31 December 1510) was Queen of Germany and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire as the third spouse of Maximilian I. She was the eldest legitimate daughter of Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Milan by his second wife, Bona of Savoy.

Bona of Savoy
Bona of Savoy (10 August 1449 – 23 November 1503) was Duchess of Milan as the second wife of Galeazzo Maria Sforza (1444–1476), Duke of Milan. Following her husband's assassination in 1476, she served as regent of Milan for her son, Gian Galeazzo Sforza, during his minority from 1476 to 1481.

As regent, Bona played a significant political role in attempting to preserve the stability of the Sforza rule amidst internal power struggles. She was also the original patron of the lavishly illuminated Sforza Book of Hours, one of the finest surviving Renaissance books of hours.
Tsurugi, Ishikawa
Tsurugi (鶴来町, Tsurugi-machi) was a town located in Ishikawa District, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 22,103 and a density of 620.17 persons per km2. The total area was 35.64 km2.

On February 1, 2005, Tsurugi, along with the city of Mattō, the town of Mikawa, and the villages of Kawachi, Oguchi, Shiramine, Torigoe and Yoshinodani (all from Ishikawa District), was merged to create the city of Hakusan and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Shiramine, Ishikawa
36°08′17″N 136°40′40″E﻿ / ﻿36.138168°N 136.677913°E﻿ / 36.138168; 136.677913

Shiramine (白峰村, Shiramine-mura) is the southernmost part of Hakusan, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. It was once registered as a village and a part of Ishikawa District, but on February 1, 2005, Shiramine, along with the city of Mattō, the towns of Mikawa and Tsurugi, and the villages of Kawachi, Oguchi, Torigoe and Yoshinodani (all from Ishikawa District), was merged to create the city of Hakusan, and thus it no longer exists as an independent municipality.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 1,131 and a density of 5.11 persons per km2. The total area was 221.50 km2. Today Shiramine is promoted to visitors through its nature, culture, and geography. Local attractions include the Hakusan Folk Museum, the Hakusan Dinosaur Park Shiramine, Shiramine Onsen Soyu, the Tedori River Development Museum, and the Hakusan Sabo Science Museum.
Tula Oblast
Tula Oblast (Russian: Ту́льская о́бласть, romanized: Tulʹskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in European Russia and is administratively part of the Central Federal District, covering an area of 25,700 square kilometers (9,900 sq mi). It has a population of 1,553,925 (2010 census). Tula is the largest city and the administrative center of the oblast.

Tula Oblast borders Moscow Oblast in the north, Ryazan in the east, Lipetsk in the southeast, Oryol in the southwest, and Kaluga in the west. Tula Oblast is one of the most developed and urbanized territories in Russia, and the majority of the territory forms the Tula-Novomoskovsk Agglomeration, an urban area with a population of over 1 million.

Lipetsk Oblast
Lipetsk Oblast (Russian: Липецкая область, IPA: [ˈlʲipʲɪtskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Lipetsk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,143,224.
Roy Kim
Kim Sang-woo (Korean: 김상우; born July 3, 1993), known professionally as Roy Kim (로이킴), is a South Korean singer-songwriter and radio presenter. He began his singing career after winning the television talent show Superstar K 4 in 2012.

Kim officially debuted with the studio album, Love Love Love (2013), which included the hit single "Bom Bom Bom." The album garnered Kim awards for best new artist at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards and the 2014 Golden Disc Awards. Kim followed up his first album with the studio albums, Home (2014) and The Great Dipper (2015), and the extended play, Blooming Season (2017). He has also contributed to soundtracks for television series including Reply 1994, Pinocchio, Another Miss Oh, and Guardian: The Lonely and Great God. As of February 2026, Kim has sold over 12 million digital downloads in his native country (see Roy Kim discography).

Superstar K 4
Superstar K4 (Korean: 슈퍼스타 K4) is the fourth season of the South Korean television talent show series Superstar K, which premiered on 17 August 2012 on Mnet and airs every Friday night at 11PM KST. Lee Seung-Chul and Yoon Mi-Rae returned as judges, and were joined by singer/songwriter PSY who replaced Yoon Jong-Shin who had been a judge in the last two seasons.
2,083,447 applicants were recorded for this season, surpassing the record set by the previous season.

This program ended on November 23, 2012 with the announcement of Roy Kim as the winner and DickPunks as the runner-up.
Alexandre Ramagem
Alexandre Ramagem Rodrigues (born 8 May 1972) is a Brazilian politician and federal police officer. He served under President Jair Bolsonaro as Director of the Brazilian Intelligence Agency from 2019 until 2022. Ramagem was elected to the Chamber of Deputies representing Rio de Janeiro in the 2022 election.

In September 2025, Ramagem was sentenced to 16 years in prison for his role in Bolsonaro's attempted coup, and removed from his seat in the Chamber of Deputies. He fled to the United States before he could be arrested.

Brazilian Intelligence Agency
The Brazilian Intelligence Agency (Portuguese: Agência Brasileira de Inteligência, ABIN) is the main intelligence agency in Brazil. ABIN's mission is to ensure that the Federal Executive has access to knowledge related to the security of the State and society, such as those involving foreign defense, foreign relations, internal security, socioeconomic development and scientific-technological development.
Noah Hood
Noah P. Hood (born 1986) is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court since 2025. He previously served as a judge of the Michigan Court of Appeals after being appointed by Governor Gretchen Whitmer on February 3, 2022. Hood assumed office the following month and retained his seat in a special election later that year. Hood previously served as a judge on the Third Judicial Circuit of Michigan from 2019 to 2022 and as an assistant United States attorney from 2014 to 2019.

In April 2025, Hood was nominated by Whitmer to fill a vacant seat on the Michigan Supreme Court, this time succeeding former chief justice Elizabeth Clement. Hood took office the following month.

Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state capital.
Battle of Cheoin
The Battle of Cheoin was a battle between Goryeo militants and forces of the Mongol Empire in Cheoin-bugok, Suju, Yanggwang-do (modern day Yongin, Gyeonggi) on December 16, 1232. Despite being outnumbered, civilian forces of the fortress managed to hold off the Mongol advance. Following the death of the Mongolian general Saritai, the invading force withdrew, effectively ending the second Mongol invasion of Korea.

Mongol invasions of Korea
A series of campaigns were conducted between 1231 and 1270 by the Mongol Empire against the Korean kingdom of Goryeo. The last campaign concluded with a peace treaty with Goryeo becoming a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty, a relationship that lasted for approximately 80 years. Korea and the Song Dynasty of China put up a greater amount of "stubborn resistance" towards the Mongol invasions than many others in Eurasia who were swiftly crushed by the Mongols at a lightning pace.

The Yuan dynasty extracted wealth and tributes from the Goryeo kings. Despite their submission to the Yuan dynasty, internal conflicts among Goryeo's royalty and rebellions against Yuan rule continued, with the most notable being the Sambyeolcho Rebellion.
Peace Proscovia
Peace Proscovia Drajole Agondua (born 1 November 1989), commonly known as Peace Proscovia and nicknamed "Warid Tower", is a professional Ugandan netball player for Surrey Storm and the current captain of the Uganda national team.

She began her professional  career with Netball Superleague team Loughborough Lightning and has also played for Super Netball team Sunshine Coast Lightning. Internationally, she captained the Ugandan teams that won the 2013 Netball Singapore Nations Cup, and the 2017 African Netball Championship.

Loughborough Lightning (netball)
Loughborough Lightning is an English netball team based at Loughborough University. Their senior team plays in the Netball Super League where they have made seven grand finals, winning three in 2021, 2023 and 2024.
Caio Collet
Caio Jotta Collet (born 3 April 2002) is a Brazilian racing driver who will compete in the IndyCar Series for A. J. Foyt Racing.

Born and raised in São Paulo, Collet began his single-seater career in 2018, winning the French F4 title that year. He then moved up to Formula Renault Eurocup for two years and finished runner-up in 2020, before racing in FIA Formula 3 from 2021 to 2023, taking three wins. He then switched to Indy NXT with HMD Motorsports for 2024 and finished third, and placed runner-up the year after.

Collet served as the reserve and simulator driver for the Nissan Formula E Team, making his Formula E debut with Nissan at the 2024 Portland ePrix. He is a former member of the Alpine Academy and the Winfield Racing School.

A. J. Foyt Racing
A. J. Foyt Racing, officially and historically known as A. J. Foyt Enterprises, is an American racing team in the IndyCar Series and formerly NASCAR. It is owned by four-time Indianapolis 500 winner, 1972 Daytona 500 winner, 1967 24 Hours of Le Mans winner, and two-time 24 Hours of Daytona winner A. J. Foyt. Foyt won two of his four Indianapolis 500s driving for the team. The team also won the 1999 Indianapolis 500 and the IRL championship in 1996 and 1998.
Ashbourne, Derbyshire
Ashbourne is a market town in the Derbyshire Dales district in Derbyshire, England, 14 miles (23 km) west of Derby. Its population was measured at 8,377 in the 2011 census  and was estimated to have grown to 9,163 by 2019. It has many historical buildings and independent shops. The town offers a historic annual Shrovetide football match. Its position near the southern edge of the Peak District makes it the closest town to Dovedale, to which Ashbourne is sometimes referred to as the gateway.

Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Ashbourne
Queen Elizabeth's School (QEGS) is a coeducational comprehensive academy school for 11- to 18-year-olds in the town of Ashbourne, Derbyshire, England. In the academic year 2009–10, there were 1,396 pupils on roll.

Both the main school and 6th form have in the past appeared within the top 25 in league tables, and in October 2008, Ofsted marked the school as "good" or "outstanding" in all sections.  However in 2013 Ofsted marked the school as 'requires improvement' in 3 of the 4 categories. In 2009 the school celebrated 100 years at the Green Road site.
2017 Arena Football League season
The 2017 Arena Football League season was the 30th season in the history of the Arena Football League (AFL). Prior to the start of the season, the league contracted to five teams. Due to this, for the first time since 1991, the league was not divided into conferences or divisions. The 14-game regular season began on April 7, 2017, when the two new teams, the Baltimore Brigade and the Washington Valor, faced off in the Verizon Center, and ended on August 5, 2017, when the Tampa Bay Storm lost against the Philadelphia Soul.

ArenaBowl XXX was held on August 26, 2017, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, as the Soul repeated as champs by beating the Storm by a score of 44–40.

ArenaBowl XXX
ArenaBowl XXX was the championship game of the 2017 Arena Football League season. The game was broadcast on AFLNow, Twitter and WPVI-TV. It was played between the Philadelphia Soul and Tampa Bay Storm at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia. It was the Soul's third ArenaBowl championship and fifth appearance while it was the Storm's tenth appearance. The Soul set an ArenaBowl record for largest comeback victory after overcoming a 20–7 deficit.
Power set
In mathematics, the power set (or powerset) of a set S is the set of all subsets of S, including the empty set and S itself. In axiomatic set theory (as developed, for example, in the ZFC axioms), the existence of the power set of any set is postulated by the axiom of power set. 
The powerset of S is variously denoted as P(S), 𝒫(S), P(S), , or 2S.
Any subset of P(S) is called a family of sets over S.

Family of sets
In set theory and related branches of mathematics, family or collection is used to mean set, indexed set, multiset, tuple, or class. It is usually used in phrases like "family of sets" because if one instead uses "set of sets" then the subsequent use of "set" can be confusing as to whether it is the containing set or one of the member sets. A common use is "family of subsets of some set S". A family of sets is also called a set family or a set system. A finite family of subsets of a finite set  is also called a hypergraph. The subject of extremal set theory concerns the largest and smallest examples of families of sets satisfying certain restrictions.
Maximum flow problem
In optimization theory, maximum flow problems involve finding a feasible flow through a flow network that obtains the maximum possible flow rate.

The maximum flow problem can be seen as a special case of more complex network flow problems, such as the circulation problem. The maximum value of an s-t flow (i.e., flow from source s to sink t) is equal to the minimum capacity of an s-t cut (i.e., cut severing s from t) in the network, as stated in the max-flow min-cut theorem.

Minimum-cost flow problem
The minimum-cost flow problem (MCFP) is an optimization and decision problem to find the cheapest possible way of sending a certain amount of flow through a flow network. A typical application of this problem involves finding the best delivery route from a factory to a warehouse where the road network has some capacity and cost associated. The minimum cost flow problem is one of the most fundamental among all flow and circulation problems because most other such problems can be cast as a minimum cost flow problem and also that it can be solved efficiently using the network simplex algorithm.
Mark Snoeren
Mark A.J. Snoeren (born 25 August 1974) is a Dutch politician, who served as a member of the House of Representatives between September 2020 and March 2021. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Snoeren has worked for the Royal Marechaussee, and he owns a business in Nieuwegein. He also held a seat in that town's municipal council for twelve years.

Nieuwegein
Nieuwegein (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌniu.əˈɣɛin] ⓘ) is a municipality and city in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is bordered on the north by the city of Utrecht, the provincial capital. It is separated from Vianen to the south by the river Lek and borders on IJsselstein in the southwest and Houten in the east. Nieuwegein has 64,606 inhabitants as of 1 December 2021.

Several national sports federations are housed in Nieuwegein, including the NeVoBo (volleyball), KNZB (swimming), NBb (basketball) and KNCB (cricket).

There are three main secondary schools in the city, including the Anna van Rijn College, Oosterlicht College and the Cals College.
Moses Lake, Washington
Moses Lake is a city in Grant County, Washington, United States. The population was 25,146 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 26,969 in 2024. Moses Lake is the most populous city in Grant County. The city anchors the Moses Lake Micropolitan area, which includes all of Grant County and is part of the Moses Lake–Othello combined statistical area.

Moses Lake, on which the city lies, is made up of three main arms over 18 miles (29 km) long and up to one mile (1.6 km) wide. It is the largest natural body of fresh water in Grant County and has over 120 miles (190 km) of shoreline covering 6,500 acres (2,600 ha). Before it was dammed in the early 1900s and then incorporated into the Columbia Basin Project, Moses Lake was a smaller shallow lake. To the south of the town is the Potholes Reservoir and the Columbia National Wildlife Refuge that has a number of seep lakes and vast amounts of migratory birds and other fauna natural to the area.

Moses Lake–Othello combined statistical area
Moses Lake-Othello, WA CSA is the United States Census Bureau's official name for the combined statistical area that includes the Moses Lake micropolitan area (Grant County) as well as the Othello micropolitan area (Adams County). The population was 112,514 as of 2015. The CSA is anchored by the cities of Moses Lake, and Othello. The CSA also contains the city of Ritzville—the county seat of Adams County.
Yo soy Betty, la fea
Yo soy Betty, la fea (English: I am Betty, the Ugly one), often referred to simply as Betty, la fea, is a Colombian telenovela created by Fernando Gaitán. It aired from 25 October 1999 to 8 May 2001 on RCN. Ana María Orozco stars as the titular character, alongside Jorge Enrique Abello, Natalia Ramírez, Lorna Cepeda, Luis Mesa and Julián Arango.

It is the first telenovela to have been remade worldwide and has been regarded as bringing the telenovela to new levels of success. The story's appeal to global audiences has been credited to it being centered around the life of an unattractive character rather than that of a typical attractive character.

Lorna Cepeda
Lorna María Cepeda Jiménez is a Colombian actress. Best known for her role in the famous Colombian Soap Opera Yo soy Betty, la fea (I'm Betty, the ugly one), also known as simply Betty la fea (Ugly Betty) from which more than a dozen versions have been made in other countries, including the American series Ugly Betty.
Lex Aelia Sentia
The Lex Aelia Sentia was a law established in the Roman Empire in 4 AD. It was one of the laws that the Roman assemblies passed at the behest of the emperor Augustus. Along with the Lex Fufia Caninia of 2 BC, this law regulated the manumission (freeing from ownership) of slaves.

Lex Fufia Caninia
The lex Fufia Caninia of 2 BC was a law passed under Augustus, the first Roman emperor, concerning the manumission of slaves. The law placed limits on the number of slaves that could be formally released from slavery by means of a will. Testamentary manumission had been established in early Rome as one of three procedures recognized in Roman law as not only granting libertas (liberty) to the formerly enslaved person but also full citizenship.
Grethe Kausland
Grethe Kausland (née Nilsen; 3 July 1947 – 16 November 2007) was a Norwegian singer, performer and actress. As a child star she was one of Norway's most popular singers (her debut single “Teddyen min” from 1955, sold more than 100,000 records), and she participated in several films as a child. She represented Norway in the 1972 Eurovision Song Contest, singing "Småting" with Benny Borg. From 1973 she performed regularly with the musical group Dizzie Tunes. Awarded "Spellemannprisen" 1978 for the album A Taste of Grethe Kausland, and "Leonardstatuetten" 1991 for her achievements on the revue scene.

She died from lung cancer on 16 November 2007, in Oslo, Norway.

Benny Borg
Benny Borg (born 13 November 1945) is a Swedish-born Norwegian singer and composer.

He was born in Gothenburg, but moved to Norway in 1968, and was married to Norwegian singer and actress Kirsti Sparboe from 1972 to 1978. As a singer and musician, he is known for his collaboration with the Dizzie Tunes, and with Grethe Kausland. He won a Spellemannprisen award in 1973, and represented Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1972. In 2004 he won the Herman Wildenvey Poetry Award.
Lana Spreeman
Lana Spreeman (August 9, 1955 – November 29, 2016) was a Canadian athlete, who competed in alpine skiing at five Winter Paralympic Games. In her career, she won 13 medals for Canada, making her Canada's most decorated Winter Paralympian until passed by cross country skier Brian McKeever, who earned his 14th medal at the 2018 Winter Paralympics.

She won the first ever gold medal for Giant slalom 2A at the 1980 Winter Paralympics. At the 1994 Winter Paralympics in Lillehammer, she was the Canadian flag bearer at the closing ceremonies.

Spreeman died of brain cancer at the age of 61.

Brian McKeever
Brian McKeever (born June 18, 1979) is a Canadian cross-country skier and biathlete, who became Canada's most decorated Winter Paralympian when he won his 14th medal at the 2018 Winter Paralympics. He finished the 2018 Games with a career total of 13 gold medals and 17 medals, making him the most decorated Paralympic cross-country skier ever. McKeever claimed a 16th Paralympic gold medal in the men's para cross-country middle distance vision impaired race at Beijing 2022, drawing him level with the German para-alpine racer Gerd Schönfelder for the most men's Winter Paralympic wins.

In February 2022 McKeever's life and skiing achievements (with his brother Robin) were celebrated in Toyota's Super Bowl ad "Brothers", part of a global ad campaign titled "Start Your Impossible."
Alexei Radzievsky
Alexei Ivanovich Radzievsky (Russian: Алексей Иванович Радзиевский; Ukrainian: Олексій Іванович Радзієвський; 13 August [O.S. 31 July] 1911 – 30 August 1979), was a professional soldier of the Soviet Union who fought in the Second World War, commanding the 2nd Guards Tank Army during the Lublin–Brest offensive and afterwards. He later rose to the rank of full Army General and was the author of works on military strategy.

From 1969 to 1978 Radzievsky was Commandant of the M. V. Frunze Military Academy and in February 1978 was made a Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest Soviet award.

2nd Guards Tank Army
The 2nd Guards Tank Army (Russian: 2-я гвардейская танковая армия, romanized: 2-ya gvardeyskaya tankovaya armiya) was a large military formation of the Red Army and Soviet Army, later part of the Russian Ground Forces of the Russian Federation.

The army was originally formed in early 1943 as the 2nd Tank Army. It was the first Red Army unit to enter Berlin during the Battle of Berlin.
Mark Rein-Hagen
Mark Rein-Hagen (born 1964), stylized as Mark Rein•Hagen, is an American role-playing, card, video and board game designer  best known as the creator of Vampire: The Masquerade and its associated World of Darkness games.  Along with Jonathan Tweet, he is also one of the original two designers of Ars Magica.

Vampire: The Masquerade
Vampire: The Masquerade is a tabletop role-playing game (tabletop RPG), created by Mark Rein-Hagen and released in 1991 by White Wolf Publishing, as the first of several Storyteller System games for its World of Darkness setting line. It is set in a fictionalized "gothic-punk" version of the modern world, where players assume the role of vampires, referred to as Kindred or Cainites, who struggle against their own bestial natures, vampire hunters, and each other.

Several associated products were produced based on Vampire: The Masquerade, including live-action role-playing games (Mind's Eye Theatre), dice, collectible card games (The Eternal Struggle), video games (Redemption, Bloodlines, Swansong and Bloodlines 2, Bloodhunt), and numerous novels. In 1996, a short-lived television show loosely based on the game, Kindred: The Embraced, was produced by Aaron Spelling for the Fox Broadcasting Company.