hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kutaisi Governorate
The Kutaisi or Kutais Governorate was a province (guberniya) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of western Georgia throughout most of its existence, and most of the Artvin Province (except the Hopa and Yusufeli districts) of Turkey between 1878 and 1903. Created out of part of the former Georgia-Imeretia Governorate in 1846, the governorate also included Akhaltsikhe uezd before its cession to the Tiflis Governorate in 1867. The Kutaisi Governorate bordered the Sukhumi Okrug to the northwest, the Kuban Oblast to the north, the Terek Oblast to the northeast, the Tiflis Governorate to the southeast, the Batum Oblast to the southwest, and the Black Sea to the west. The governorate was eponymously named for its administrative center, Kutais (present-day Kutaisi).

Sukhumi okrug
The Sukhumi or Sukhum okrug was a special administrative district (okrug) in the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, part of the Kutaisi Governorate from 1883 until 1905. The administrative center of the district was the Black Sea port city of Sukhum (present-day Sukhumi). The okrug bordered the Kutaisi Governorate to the southwest, the Kuban Oblast to the north and the Black Sea Governorate to the northwest and in terms of its area corresponded to most of contemporary Abkhazia. During 1905–1917, the Sukhumi okrug was one of the smallest independent (not part of any province or region) administrative units of the Russian Empire, second to the Zakatal okrug.
This Beautiful City
This Beautiful City is a 2007 Canadian drama film written, directed, produced, and edited by Ed Gass-Donnelly. It premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival and had a general theatrical release in 2008.

The film depicts the lives of five disparate characters in Downtown Toronto. Johnny (Aaron Poole) is a recovering crack cocaine addict trying to convince his prostitute girlfriend Pretty (Kristin Booth) to move with him to a new city so they can make a clean break from their old lives, while Harry (Noam Jenkins) and Carol (Caroline Cave) are a wealthy couple. Events are set in motion when Carol falls from the balcony of her condo in an apparent suicide attempt, landing just metres away from Johnny and Pretty in the alleyway below. She survives, but Peter (Stuart Hughes), a police detective, finds her and the group's lives begin to intertwine.

Caroline Cave
Caroline Cave is a Canadian film, television and stage actress, known for her roles in the films This Beautiful City, One Week, The War Bride, Six Figures and Saw VI, and the television series Cra$h & Burn. She has also had guest roles in The L Word, Haven, Stargate Atlantis, Kevin Hill, The Associates, Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency,  and Die neue Prophezeiung der Maya (End of the World) in 2013.  She co-starred in the 2015 Lifetime TV movie Accidental Obsession.

Her stage roles have included productions of Pamela Gien's The Syringa Tree, Joanna McClelland Glass' Trying, Stephen Sachs' Miss Julie: Freedom Summer and David Eldridge's Festen.
The Wonders (film)
The Wonders (Italian: Le meraviglie) is a 2014 internationally co-produced drama film directed by Alice Rohrwacher. It was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival where it won the Grand Prix.

Alice Rohrwacher
Alice Rohrwacher (Italian: [aˈliːtʃe rorˈvaːker] ⓘ, German: [ˈʁoːɐ̯vaxɐ]; born 29 December 1981) is an Italian film director, editor and screenwriter. She made her directorial debut with Heavenly Body (2011) and gained international attention with The Wonders (2014), which won the Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival). She received further acclaim for Happy as Lazzaro (2018), winner of the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Screenplay, and for La chimera (2023), which competed for the Palme d'Or. Her short film Le pupille (2022) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. In 2026, she will receive the European Film Academy Achievement in World Cinema Award.
Postage stamps and postal history of Tannu Tuva
The Tuvan People's Republic issued postage stamps between 1926 and 1936. They were popular with stamp collectors in the Western world in the mid-twentieth century because of the obscurity and exoticism of Tannu Tuva and the stamps' quirky, colorful designs. The validity of many stamps purportedly issued by Tannu Tuva has been questioned by philatelists.

Tuvan People's Republic
The Tuvan People's Republic (TPR), known simply as Tuva, was a partially recognized socialist republic that existed between 1921 and 1944 in North Asia. It was located in the same territory as the former Imperial Russian protectorate of Uriankhai Krai, northwest of Mongolia, and now corresponds to the Republic of Tuva, a republic of Russia.

The Soviet Union and Mongolia were the only countries to formally recognize it during its existence, in 1924 and 1926 respectively. After a period of increased Soviet influence, in October 1944, the polity was absorbed into the Russian SFSR (the largest constituent republic of the Soviet Union) at the request of the Tuvan parliament, ending 23 years of independence.
Simon Schama
Sir Simon Michael Schama CBE FBA FRHistS FRSL (/ˈʃɑːmə/ SHAH-mə; born 1944 or 1945) is an English historian and television presenter. He specialises in art history, Dutch history, Jewish history, and French history. As of January 2026 he is a professor of history and art history at Columbia University.

Schama first came to public attention with his history of the French Revolution titled Citizens, published in 1989. He is also known for writing and hosting the 15-part BBC television documentary series A History of Britain (2000–2002), as well as other documentary series such as The American Future: A History (2008) and The Story of the Jews (2013).

Schama was knighted in the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honours List.

The American Future: A History
The American Future: A History is a four-part documentary series written and presented by Simon Schama which aired on BBC Two in the UK during October 2008, in the run up to the 2008 US presidential election. The first episode was broadcast on BBC Two at 9:00pm on 10 October 2008, and it was shown over four consecutive Fridays.

The series saw Schama travelling through the United States as he investigated the conflicts from its past in order to understand the country's contemporary political situation. Schama presents and discusses both presidential candidates, Democrat Barack Obama and Republican John McCain, from a historical point of view, emphasizing strongly the former. The documentary takes the viewer on an epic journey through the history of the modern United States, but it also reveals why Schama personally believed Barack Obama would be the ideal choice as the next president of the United States.
Patrick M. S. Blackett Institute (Erice)
The Patrick M. S. Blackett Institute (Istituto Blackett–San Domenico) is a teaching and conference venue of the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture (EMFCSC) in Erice, Sicily, housed in the former San Domenico convent. It includes a modern auditorium and a small museum, with an upper-level belvedere offering panoramic views over the town.

Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture
38°02′16″N 12°35′15″E﻿ / ﻿38.03778°N 12.58749°E﻿ / 38.03778; 12.58749

The Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture is an international scientific institution based in Erice, Sicily, dedicated to advanced scientific education, interdisciplinary research, and the promotion of international cooperation. Founded during the Cold War, the Centre has hosted scientists from around the world through its system of international schools and conferences, and has played a role in linking scientific activity with broader ethical and social concerns.

From its early years, the Centre became known for fostering dialogue across political and cultural boundaries, including bringing together scientists from both Western and Eastern bloc countries at a time when formal cooperation was often limited. Through its network of international schools, conferences, and interdisciplinary programmes, the Centre continues to serve as a forum for scientific exchange and global cooperation.
Desmosine
Desmosine is an amino acid found uniquely in elastin, a protein found in connective tissue such as skin, lungs, and elastic arteries.

Desmosine is a component of elastin and cross links with its isomer, isodesmosine, giving elasticity to the tissue. Detection of desmosine in urine, plasma or sputum samples can be a marker for elastin breakdown due to high elastase activity related to certain diseases.

Isodesmosine
Isodesmosine is a lysine derivative found in elastin. Isodesmosine is an isomeric pyridinium-based amino acid resulting from the condensation of four lysine residues between elastin proteins by lysyl-oxidase. These represent ideal biomarkers for monitoring elastin turnover because these special cross-links are only found in mature elastin in mammals.
Charles Coburn
Charles Douville Coburn (June 19, 1877 – August 30, 1961) was an American actor and theatrical producer. He was nominated for a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award three times – for The Devil and Miss Jones (1941), The More the Merrier (1943) and The Green Years (1946) – winning for his performance in The More the Merrier. He was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California) in 1960 for his contribution to the film industry.

The Devil and Miss Jones
The Devil and Miss Jones is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Sam Wood and starring Jean Arthur, Robert Cummings, and Charles Coburn. Its plot follows a department store tycoon who goes undercover in one of his Manhattan shops to ferret union organizers, but instead becomes involved in the employees' personal lives.

With a screenplay by Norman Krasna, the film was the product of an independent collaboration between Krasna and producer Frank Ross (Jean Arthur's husband). Their short-lived production company released two films through RKO Radio Pictures (Miss Jones and the later A Lady Takes a Chance released in 1943). The film was well received by critics upon its release and garnered Oscar nominations for Coburn and Krasna.
R5 (band)
R5 was an American pop rock band formed in Los Angeles in 2009.
The band consisted of Ross Lynch (vocals/rhythm guitar), Riker Lynch (bass guitar/vocals), Rocky Lynch (lead guitar/vocals), Rydel Lynch (keyboards/vocals), and Ellington Ratliff (drums/vocals). They released their first EP Ready Set Rock on March 9, 2010, but it was removed once Ross got his role on the Disney Channel show Austin and Ally. They then released the EP Loud on February 19, 2013. Since releasing their debut album, Louder, on September 24, 2013, which peaked at 24 on the Billboard 200, followed by their world tour. Their second album, Sometime Last Night, was released on July 10, 2015, and debuted at 6 on the US Billboard 200, and reached the top 20 in five other countries. They have also released five EPs, eleven singles, and a documentary. In 2018, the band ended and Ross and Rocky formed the duo The Driver Era.

Ellington Ratliff
Ellington Lee Ratliff (born April 14, 1993) is an American drummer and actor. He is best known as the drummer of pop rock band R5, which was active from 2009 until 2018, and as a contributor to the Driver Era.
The All Seeing Eye
The All Seeing Eye is the ninth jazz album by saxophonist Wayne Shorter, recorded on October 15, 1965, and released on the Blue Note label as BLP 4219 and BST 84219 in 1966. The album features performances by Shorter with trumpeter Freddie Hubbard, trombonist Grachan Moncur III, alto saxophonist James Spaulding, pianist Herbie Hancock, bassist Ron Carter and drummer Joe Chambers. Shorter's brother, Alan composed and plays fluegelhorn on the final track, “Mephistopheles”. The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow states: "it is clear from the start that the music on this CD reissue is not basic bop and blues... the dramatic selections, and their brand of controlled freedom has plenty of subtle surprises. This is stimulating music that still sounds fresh over three decades later".

Joe Chambers
Joe Chambers (born June 25, 1942) is an American jazz drummer, pianist, vibraphonist and composer. In the 1960s and 1970s, Chambers gigged with many high-profile artists such as Eric Dolphy, Charles Mingus, Wayne Shorter, and Chick Corea and played on several iconic Blue Note albums of the 1960s. During this period, his compositions were featured on albums by Freddie Hubbard and Bobby Hutcherson. Chambers has released sixteen albums as a bandleader and was a founding member of Max Roach's M'Boom percussion ensemble.

He has also taught, including at the New School for Jazz and Contemporary Music in New York City, where he led the Outlaw Band. In 2008, he was hired to be the Thomas S. Kenan Distinguished Professor of Jazz in the Department of Music at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. He is a retired educator and works as a jazz musician, composer, and leader.
Écarté
Écarté (French: [ekaʁte]) is an old French casino game for two players that is still played today. It is a trick-taking game, similar to whist, but with a special and eponymous discarding phase; the word écarté means "discarded". Écarté was popular in the 19th century, but is now rarely played. It is described as "an elegant two-player derivative of Triomphe [that is] quite fun to play" and a "classic that should be known to all educated card players."

Piquet
Piquet (/pɪˈkɛt/; French pronunciation: [pikɛ]) is an early 16th-century plain-trick card game for two players that became France's national game. David Parlett calls it a "classic game of relatively great antiquity... still one of the most skill-rewarding card games for two" but one which is now only played by "aficionados and connoisseurs." Historically also known as Sant or Saunt from the French Cent.
Bonrepas
Bonrepas is a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard, and lies about 11 km southeast of Gouda.

The statistical area "Bonrepas", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 120.

Until 2015, Bonrepas was part of Vlist.

Vlist
Vlist (Dutch pronunciation: [vlɪst] ⓘ) is a village and former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. As of 2015, it is a part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard.
ÇNAEM
The Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center (Turkish: Çekmece Nükleer Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi), known as ÇNAEM, is the primary nuclear research and training center of Turkey. The organization was established on March 6, 1958 as a subunit of Turkish Atomic Energy Administration (Turkish: Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, TAEK) at Küçükçekmece district in the west of Istanbul. The organization's name was coined on August 12, 1960 in conjunction with its location.

The groundbreaking of the facility at the eastern shore of Lake Küçükçekmece to house the country's first nuclear research reactor was held in 1959. After completion of the construction and the start of the operation of the research reactor, the official opening of the center took place on May 27, 1962 in the presence of President Cemal Gürsel.

The center is directed by Ass. Prof. Dr. Gürsel Karahan.

Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency
The Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency was formed from other agencies and the Turkish Atomic Energy Authority which was the official nuclear energy institution of Turkey. The headquarters is located in Ankara since 1956, the year it was founded. Among its objectives are high level of academic research in nuclear energy, development and implementation of peaceful nuclear tools.
Opus (Elis)
Opus (Ancient Greek: Ὀποῦς) was a town in the mountainous district of Acroreia in ancient Elis, taken by the Spartans, when they invaded Elis at the close of the Peloponnesian War. Diodorus Siculus writes that the Spartans, under command of Pausanias of Sparta, marched against Elis with 4,000 men in 402 BCE, and that Opus (along with Alium, Eupagium, Thraustus, and Lasion) was one of the towns subdued. Xenophon mentions an Arcadian raid into Elis and took several towns of Acroreia around 365 BCE. Strabo says that the inhabitants of Opus were related to those of the Locrian Opus. The Scholiast on Pindar mentions a river Opus in Elis.

Its site has not been located, also some suggest it may be the ruins near modern Gartsiko.

Eupagium
Eupagium or Eupagion (Ancient Greek: Εὐπάγιον) was a town in the mountainous district of Acroreia in ancient Elis. Diodorus Siculus writes that the Spartans, under command of Pausanias of Sparta, marched against Elis with 4,000 men in 402 BCE, and that the towns of Opus, Alium, Eupagium, Thraustus, and Lasion were subdued. Xenophon mentions an Arcadian raid into Elis and took several towns of Acroreia around 365 BCE. Its site has not been located.
Erreway
Erreway is an Argentine pop music group formed during the television series Rebelde Way, consisting of Camila Bordonaba, Felipe Colombo, Luisana Lopilato and Benjamín Rojas. Releasing three studio albums – Señales, Tiempo, Memoria and Vuelvo – Erreway sold one million records and achieved several Platinum and Gold album certifications in Argentina.

Tiempo (album)
Tiempo (Spanish: Time) is the second studio album by Argentine pop rock band Erreway. It was released through Sony Music and Cris Morena Group on 15 April 2003. The album was produced by a number of eminent Argentine musicians, including Cris Morena, Carlos Nilson and Andrés Calamaro. It reached number on the Argentine albums chart and was certified Platinum by CAPIF, the Argentine Phonographic Association.

Erreway members — Camila Bordonaba, Felipe Colombo, Luisana Lopilato and Benjamín Rojas — made a successful Nuestro Tiempo tour to promote the album. Although "Te Soñé" had been released as a single in 2002, before the release of the album, "Tiempo" was released as the lead single. "Será de Dios", "Para Cosas Buenas", "Que Estés" and "Vas A Salvarte" were also released as singles.
How to Become Clairvoyant
How to Become Clairvoyant is the fifth solo release from Canadian singer-musician Robbie Robertson. It was released on April 5, 2011, and peaked at No. 13 on the US Billboard 200 albums chart. Critical reviews were generally positive.

The album features guests Eric Clapton (on tracks 3–8 and 10), Steve Winwood, Trent Reznor (who provided textures on the track "Madame X"), Tom Morello, Robert Randolph, Rocco DeLuca, Angela McCluskey, and Taylor Goldsmith of Dawes. Bassist Pino Palladino, keyboardist Martin Pradler and drummer Ian Thomas are the rhythm section on most songs.

Robertson performed "He Don't Live Here No More" on CBS's Late Show with David Letterman  and ABC's The View in support of the album, with the band Dawes.

Pino Palladino
Giuseppe Henry "Pino" Palladino (born 17 October 1957) is a Welsh musician, songwriter, and record producer. A session bassist, he has played bass for a number of acts such as the Who, the John Mayer Trio, Gary Numan, Paul Young, Don Henley, David Gilmour, Go West, Tears for Fears, Nine Inch Nails, Jeff Beck, Adele and D'Angelo.
Dolf Luque
Adolfo Domingo De Guzmán Luque (August 4, 1890 – July 3, 1957) was a Cuban starting pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1914 to 1935. He spent 12 seasons of his career (1918–1929) with the Cincinnati Reds. Luque was not only the first Latin American pitcher in MLB, but also the first to earn a World Series win (in 1919), and the first to lead the majors in wins, shutouts and earned run average (ERA).

A native of Havana, Luque played winter baseball in the Cuban League from 1912 to 1945 and was also a long-time manager in the league, leading Almendares to eight championships over 19 seasons. Along with his contemporary Miguel Ángel González, he is considered one of the best Cuban baseball managers of all time. Additionally, he managed in the Mexican League in all or parts of eight seasons spanning 1946–1956.

Luque was enshrined in the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame in 1957 and the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame in 1967, as well as in the Mexican Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985.

Almendares (baseball)
The Almendares B.B.C. was one of the oldest and most distinguished baseball teams in the old Cuban League, which existed from 1878 to 1961.  Almendares represented the Almendares District on the outskirts of the old city of Havana—when the league was founded it was still considered a suburban area, but later became a district within the enlarged city.  Almendares was one of the most successful franchises in the Cuban League.  In their early history they were known by their colors as the Azules de Almendares ("Almendares Blues"); later they adopted the name of Alacranes del Almendares (Almendares Scorpions).  Throughout their existence they had a famous rivalry with the Habana baseball club.

Almendares won 24 Cuban League championships (the first during the 1893–94 season and the last and in 1958–59) and two Caribbean Series (in 1949 and 1959).
The Hotel (Singaporean TV series)
The Hotel (Chinese: 大酒店) is a Singapore Chinese drama which was telecast on Singapore's television station, Mediacorp, in 2001. It was released in December 2001 and was slated to be the blockbuster for the year 2001. The series has been rerun on MediaCorp Channel 8 and also on AZN Television. It stars Edmund Chen, Ivy Lee, Chen Hanwei, Jacelyn Tay, Chen Liping, May Phua and Yang Libing as the casts of this series.

This series is unique as it has a large ensemble guest cast featuring over 95% of MediaCorp Channel 8 artistes appearing as hotel guests, including Zoe Tay, Gurmit Singh (Phua Chu Kang), Xiang Yun and many others. Most artistes' character names were similar to their own and, unusual for a drama series, their names were introduced on screen, not only in the credits at the end.

Jacelyn Tay
Jacelyn Tay Siew Cheng (born 12 June 1975) is a Singaporean health coach, businesswoman and former actress.

During the 2000s, Tay established herself. She won the Star Awards for Top 10 Most Popular Female Artistes seven times, and was nominated for the Star Awards for Best Actress five times.

In 2004 and 2005 respectively, Tay published the books Feel Good Look Good with Jacelyn and Make-up for Asian Women. She further pursued a career in the wellness industry in 2006 by setting up Body Inc. Holistic Wellness Centre. She is currently a wellness coach and a registered BFR practitioner.
Heaven 17
Heaven 17 are an English synth-pop band formed in Sheffield in 1980. The band were originally a trio of vocalist Glenn Gregory and Human League co-founders Martyn Ware and Ian Craig Marsh, both on synthesizers.

The band achieved their biggest critical and commercial successes with their first three albums, Penthouse and Pavement (1981), The Luxury Gap (1983), and How Men Are (1984). Originally a studio-only group, they did not play their first live concerts until 1997. Marsh left the band in 2006, since which time Gregory and Ware have continued as a duo.

Penthouse and Pavement
Penthouse and Pavement is the debut studio album by the English synth-pop band Heaven 17, released on 18 September 1981 by Virgin Records.

"(We Don't Need This) Fascist Groove Thang" was released as a single, but did not achieve chart success, partly due to a ban by the BBC. Despite not generating a major hit single, the album reached no. 14 and spent 77 weeks on the UK Albums Chart. It has since been regarded as "an important outing", is included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, and was re-released in 2010 in a three-disc special edition.