hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raoul Magrin-Vernerey
Raoul Charles Magrin-Vernerey (French pronunciation: [ʁaul ʃaʁl maɡʁɛ̃ vɛʁnəʁɛ]), also known as Ralph Monclar (French pronunciation: [ʁalf mɔ̃klaʁ]; 7 February 1892 – 3 June 1964) was a French officer and 2nd Inspector of the Foreign Legion who fought in World War I, World War II within the ranks of the Free French Forces and led the French Battalion in the Korean War. He was also one of the first senior officers to respond to the Appeal of 18 June.

13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion
The 13th Demi-Brigade of Foreign Legion (French: 13e Demi-Brigade de Légion Étrangère, 13e DBLE), was created in 1940 and was the main unit of the 1st Free French Division, Free French Forces (FFL). From the coast of Norway to Bir Hakeim, to Africa then the Alsace, while passing by Syria and Italy, the 13th Demi-Brigade would be part of most of the major campaigns of the French Army during the Second World War.

After having been engaged in Indochina from 1946 to 1954, the 13e DBLE joined the Algerian War, and left in 1962. The 13e DBLE was based until 2011 at Quartier-Général Monclar in Djibouti, in virtue of an accord between France and the Republic of Djibouti in 1977. During 2011, the unit moved to the United Arab Emirates. In 2016, the unit returned to France, based at the same camp where it was first formed (and took its designation on 27 March 1940) – Camp du Larzac.
Sweet Charity
Sweet Charity is a musical with music by Cy Coleman, lyrics by Dorothy Fields, and book by Neil Simon, based on the screenplay for the 1957 Italian film Nights of Cabiria. It was directed and choreographed for Broadway by Bob Fosse starring his wife and muse Gwen Verdon as a dancer-for-hire at a Times Square dance hall, alongside John McMartin.

The musical premiered on Broadway in 1966, where it was nominated for nine Tony Awards, winning the Tony Award for Best Choreography. The production also ran in the West End and has run several revivals and international productions. It was adapted for the screen in 1969, directed and choreographed by Fosse in his feature-film directorial debut. Shirley MacLaine starred as the title character, and McMartin reprised his Broadway role as Oscar Lindquist.

Sweet Charity (film)
Sweet Charity is a 1969 American musical comedy-drama film, directed and choreographed by Bob Fosse. It was adapted by Peter Stone from the 1966 stage musical—also directed and choreographed by Fosse— in turn based on the 1957 film Nights of Cabiria.

It stars Shirley MacLaine in the title role, a taxi dancer at a Times Square dance hall. The cast also features John McMartin, Chita Rivera, Paula Kelly, Stubby Kaye, Ricardo Montalbán, and Sammy Davis Jr.

The film was released by Universal Pictures on April 1, 1969. It received a mixed critical reception, but received three Academy Award nominations - Best Score, Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design. MacLaine was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for her performance. Retrospective reviews have been more positive.
A. K. Sarwate
Major General Avinash Kesheo Sarwate (Marathi: अविनाश क. सरवटे; born 2 February 1945) was an alumnus of the National Defence Academy (India) and was commissioned into the Kumaon Regiment on 2 August 1964 as a second lieutenant posted to the 11th Battalion, Kumaon Regiment. He was transferred to the 16th Battalion, Kumaon Regiment, after serving for a year and a half with 11 Kumaon. He later commanded the 5th Battalion, Kumaon Regiment, as a lieutenant colonel.

Sarwate was the General Officer Commanding (GOC) the 15th Infantry (Panther) Division of the Indian Army and subsequently Assistant Director General of Military Training (ADGMT) at the Army Headquarters. Before retirement, he was the Commandant, Services Selection Board (South).

In March 2003 he received Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM).

Kumaon Regiment
The Kumaon Regiment is one of the oldest infantry regiments of the Indian Army. The regiment traces its origins to the 18th century and has fought in every major campaign of the British Indian Army and the Indian Army, including the two world wars, and is one of the highest decorated regiments of the Indian Army.
Rutgers University Department of African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian Languages and Literatures
The Rutgers University Department of African, Middle Eastern, South Asian Languages and Literatures (AMESALL) is dedicated to the study of Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. It is the primary academic home of sixteen core faculty and seven part-time lecturers. AMESALL provides instruction in over a dozen languages from these three regions. It offers courses taught in English and regional languages such as Arabic and Hindi, and regularly hosts events such as lectures, workshops, and conferences for the student body, the faculty, and the general public.

Rutgers students can enroll in an undergraduate major program of study (with separate regional and comparative options), an undergraduate minor, and a post-baccalaureate Translation Certificate program, which is also open to non-matriculated students.

The AMESALL Department is located in Lucy Stone Hall on the Livingston Campus in Piscataway, NJ, part of Rutgers-New Brunswick campus.

Livingston Campus (Rutgers University)
Livingston Campus, originally named Kilmer Area by Rutgers University in 1965, and later known as Kilmer Campus, is one of the five sub-campuses of Rutgers University–New Brunswick. The campus was originally built to house Livingston College. The majority of its land is the Rutgers Ecological Preserve. Most of the campus is within the boundaries of Piscataway, but parts extend into Highland Park and Edison.
HMAS Swan (DE 50)
HMAS Swan (DE 50), named for the Swan River, was a River-class destroyer escort of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Constructed in Melbourne following the loss of HMAS Voyager, Swan entered service in 1970.

During her career, the ship was deployed to South East Asia on several occasions as part of ANZUK forces. She was modernised in the mid-1980s, then was assigned to the recently opened west coast naval base HMAS Stirling. Following the integration of women into the RAN, Swan was the site of sexual harassment and discrimination claims, leading to an Australian Defence Force-wide inquiry.

Swan paid off in 1996, and was sunk as a dive wreck off the coast of Dunsborough, Western Australia at the end of 1997.

River-class destroyer escort
The River class was a class of six destroyer escorts (originally designated anti-submarine frigates) operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Plans to acquire four vessels, based on the British Type 12M (or Rothesay-class) frigate, began in the 1950s. The first two vessels had some slight modifications to the design, while the next two underwent further changes. Two more ships were ordered in 1964, following the Melbourne-Voyager collision; these were based on the Type 12I (or Leander-class) frigate.

By the 1990s, all six ships had left service. Two were sunk as part of tests, and a third was scuttled as an artificial reef, while the other three ships were scrapped.
Aw Boon Par
Aw Boon Par (Chinese: 胡文豹; pinyin: Hú Wénbào; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hô͘ Bûn-pà; 1888–1944) was an entrepreneur and philanthropist best known for introducing Tiger Balm.

He was a son of Hakka herbalist Aw Chu-Kin. Aw was born during the British colonial rule. His father left the business to Boon-Par and after Aw Chu-Kin's death in 1908, he called his elder brother Aw Boon-Haw to run his father's apothecary, Eng Aun Tong ("The Hall of Eternal Peace") together.

Although Aw wished to stay in Yangon, his brother who had settled in Singapore in 1926 convinced him to immigrate, move the family business, and found the precursor of today's Haw Par Corporation. Boon-Haw moved to Hong Kong to manage the business from there, while Boon-Par stayed in Singapore to run the factory. Eventually, Aw closed the factory down, returned to Rangoon, and died there.

Haw Par Corporation
Haw Par Corporation Limited is a Singaporean company involved in healthcare, pharmaceuticals, leisure products, property and investment. It is the company responsible for Tiger Balm branded liniment (ointment). Its brands also included Kwan Loong and it also owns and operates weekend and leisure time destinations such as oceanariums.

The Haw Par Group owns two oceanariums: the now-defunct Underwater World oceanarium attraction at Sentosa, Singapore, and Underwater World Pattaya in Thailand.
Pavetta capensis
Pavetta capensis, the Cape bride's bush, is a species of plant that was first described by Martinus Houttuyn, and given its current name by Cornelis Eliza Bertus Bremekamp. Pavetta capensis is part of the genus Pavetta and the family Rubiaceae.

Pavetta
Pavetta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises about 360 species of trees, evergreen shrubs and sub-shrubs. It is found in woodlands, grasslands and thickets in sub-tropical and tropical Africa and Asia. The plants are cultivated for their simple but variable leaves, usually opposite but also occur in triple whorls. The leaves are often membranous with dark bacterial nodules. Pavetta has small, white, tubular flowers, sometimes salviform or funnel-shaped with 4 spreading petal lobes. The flowers are carried on terminal corymbs or cymes.
Queensland Music Awards
The Queensland Music Awards (commonly known as QMA and known as the Q Song Awards from 2006 to 2010) are annual awards celebrating Queensland's emerging artists. They commenced in 2006.

Each year, the QMA Song of the Year is immortalised in a plaque on Fortitude Valley's Walk of Fame in the Brunswick Street Mall.

Sycco
Sasha McLeod (born 26 August 2001), known professionally as Sycco (SIGH-co), is an Australian singer-songwriter and producer from Brisbane. She was nominated for Triple J Unearthed Artist of the Year in 2020, having released the pop singles "Nicotine" and "Dribble" in the same year.
Pločnik (archaeological site)
Pločnik (archaeological site) is located in Pločnik, Prokuplje village in the Toplica District of Serbia. A 120 hectare settlement belonging to the Neolithic Vinča culture existed on the site from 5500 BCE until it was destroyed by fire in 4700 BCE.

Pločnik, Prokuplje
Pločnik (Serbian: Плочник) is a village in the municipality of Prokuplje, Toplica District, Republic of Serbia. According to the 2002 population census, it is populated by 182 people, all of whom are declared Serbs.
Royal Yeomanry
The Royal Yeomanry (RY) is the senior reserve cavalry regiment of the British Army. Equipped with Supacat Jackal variants, their role is to conduct mounted and dismounted formation reconnaissance. The Regimental Headquarters is located in Leicester, with squadrons in Fulham, Nottingham, Dudley, Croydon, Telford (with an outstation in Cardiff), and Leicester.  The regiment is part of the Royal Armoured Corps and is the only reserve cavalry regiment to resubordinate into regular brigade as part of the Future Soldier reforms published in March 2021. The Royal Yeomanry is the only British Army reserve unit to have been awarded a battle honour since the Second World War.

Royal Armoured Corps
The Royal Armoured Corps (RAC) is the armoured arm of the British Army, that together with the Household Cavalry provides its armour capability, with vehicles such as the Challenger 2 and the Warrior tracked armoured vehicle. It includes most of the Army's armoured regiments, both the Royal Tank Regiment and those converted from old horse cavalry regiments. In September 2024, it comprised fourteen regiments: ten Regular Regiments; four Army Reserve. Although the Household Cavalry Regiment (the Life Guards and the Blues and Royals) provide an armoured regiment, they are not part of the RAC.
Novokosino (Moscow Metro)
Novokosino (Russian: Новокосиноpronunciationⓘ) is a station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. The station is situated at the northern edge of Novokosino District, adjacent to the Reutov town of Moscow Oblast. After its inauguration in 2012, it replaced Novogireyevo as the eastern terminus of Kalininskaya Line.

Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line
The Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line (Кали́нинско-Солнцевская ли́ния, IPA: [kəˈlʲinʲɪnskə ˈsontsəfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə] pronunciationⓘ) (Line 8; Yellow Line) is a line of the Moscow Metro system in Moscow, Russia, currently consisting of two separate parts. It was opened as the eastwards Kalininskaya line in 1979, with the first stations of the western Solntsevsky radius opening in 2014. Presently, there are 8 stations on the eastern section and 14 on the western section. The two parts are planned to be joined after 2023. To distinguish the 2 sections, the newer west section is identified as the  Line 8A or Solntsevskaya Line.
Coelum Stellatum Christianum
The Coelum Stellatum Christianum is a star atlas published in 1627 by Julius Schiller (c. 1580–1627), with the collaboration of Johann Bayer (1572–1625). In the treatise, which was published by Andreas Aperger at Augsburg during the same year as Schiller's death, pagan constellations were replaced with biblical figures and Christian motifs. Schiller replaced the zodiac constellations with the Twelve Apostles, the northern constellations with New Testament figures, and the southern constellations with Old Testament figures.

The planets, the Sun, and the Moon were also replaced by biblical figures:

The Sun is replaced by Jesus Christ.

The Moon is replaced by Mary.

Mercury is replaced by Elijah.

Venus is replaced by John the Baptist.

Mars is replaced by Joshua.

Jupiter is replaced by Moses.

Saturn is replaced by Adam.

The engravings in the atlas were by Lucas Kilian.

Celestial cartography
Celestial cartography, uranography,
astrography or star cartography is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. These techniques have developed from angle measurements with quadrants and the unaided eye, through sextants combined with lenses for light magnification, up to current methods which include computer-automated space telescopes. Uranographers have historically produced planetary position tables, star tables, and star maps for use by both amateur and professional astronomers. More recently, computerized star maps have been compiled, and automated positioning of telescopes uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects.
Wrexham Police Station (1973–2020)
The Wrexham Police Station (Welsh: Gorsaf Heddlu Wrecsam) was a police station housed in a tall brutalist building, located on Bodhyfryd in Wrexham, Wales. Constructed in 1973 and demolished in 2020, the tower was the tallest building in Wrexham, overtaking St Giles' Church. The building served as a North Wales Police divisional headquarters and Wrexham's police station.

Concerns over maintenance costs and the overall state of the building were raised in 2011. North Wales Police vacated the building in 2019. It was rejected for listed status by Cadw and in November 2020 was demolished in a controlled explosion, amid a national lockdown. Police officers relocated to Llay HQ and to a smaller station near the Wrexham Library. A Lidl supermarket has been built on the site.

Chester Street, Wrexham
Chester Street (Welsh: Stryt Caer; rarely Stryd Caer) is a street in Wrexham city centre, North Wales. It was once a main north–south road on the edge of the centre of Wrexham. The street has several listed buildings, as well as Wrexham's civic centre containing various council, memorial and leisure buildings, Coleg Cambria's Yale campus, Tŷ Pawb (former People's Market) and various historical buildings now demolished.
Liceo Militar General Artigas
Liceo Militar General Artigas is a coeducational public secondary school in Montevideo, Uruguay. Located in the Prado neighborhood, it provides the final three years of secondary education (grades 10 to 12), combining the national academic curriculum with pre-military training. The institution operates both as a day and as a boarding school, preparing its graduates for further civilian studies as well as for potential careers within the armed forces.

National Army (Uruguay)
The National Army of Uruguay (Spanish: Ejército Nacional del Uruguay) is the land force branch of the Armed Forces of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay. The largest military branch, it is organized and trained to plan, execute and conduct the military actions for National Defense in the terrestrial sphere. It has its roots in the military campaigns of General José Gervasio Artigas within the framework of the Oriental revolution.
Bijuwar
Bijuwar is a town and market center in Pyuthan Municipality in Pyuthan, a Middle Hills district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The former Village Development Committee along with Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijubar, Dakha Kwadi, Bijaya Nagar, Dharmawati, Maranthana and Khaira were merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014. Bijuwar is the main commercial center in the valley of Jhimruk Khola.

To Promote local culture Bijuwar has one FM radio station Radio Lisne Awaj - 103.6 MHz Which is a Community radio Station.

Maranthana
Maranthana is a town and market center in Pyuthan Municipality in Pyuthan, a Middle Hills district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee along with Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijubar, Dakha Kwadi, Bijaya Nagar, Dharmawati, Maranthana and Khaira was merged to form the new municipality since 18 May 2014.
Trowbridge, Cardiff
Trowbridge is a district, community and coterminous electoral ward on the eastern edge of the city of Cardiff, capital of Wales.

The community and electoral ward includes some or all of the areas of the St Mellons estate and Trowbridge, as well as part of the Wentlooge Levels between the mainline railway and the coast. It is bounded by the village of Old St Mellons to the north; Marshfield (in Newport principal area) to the east; and Splott and Rumney to the west.

Rumney, Cardiff
Rumney (Welsh: Tredelerch) is a district and community in the east of the city of Cardiff, Wales. It lies east of the Rhymney River, and was historically part of Monmouthshire. On 1 April 1938 the Cardiff Extension Act 1937 (1 Edw. 8 & 1 Geo. 6. c. cxxx) incorporated it into the county borough of Cardiff, although it became part of Glamorganshire in the 1880s.
Judith of Flanders
Judith of Flanders (c. 843 – 870 or later) was a Carolingian princess who became Queen of Wessex by two successive marriages and later Countess of Flanders. Judith was the eldest child of the Carolingian emperor Charles the Bald and his first wife, Ermentrude of Orléans. In 856, she married Æthelwulf, King of Wessex. After her husband's death in 858, Judith married his son and successor, Æthelbald. King Ætheldbald died in 860. Both of Judith's first two marriages were childless. Her third marriage was to Baldwin I, Margrave of Flanders, with whom she had several children.

Baldwin II, Margrave of Flanders
Baldwin II (c. 865 – 10 September 918) was the second margrave (or count) of Flanders, ruling from 879 to 918. He was nicknamed  the Bald (Calvus) after his maternal grandfather, Emperor Charles the Bald.
Bureau County, Illinois
Bureau County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 33,244. Its county seat is Princeton. Bureau County is part of the Ottawa, Illinois, Micropolitan Statistical Area, and the Hennepin Canal Parkway State Park is located partly in this county.

Ottawa micropolitan area, Illinois
The Ottawa, Illinois, micropolitan area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Northern Illinois, anchored by the city of Ottawa. Peru (until 2020) and Streator (until 2013) are former primary cities.

As of the 2010 census, the μSA had a population of 154,908. An estimate by the Census Bureau, as of July 1, 2012, placed the population at 153,182, a decrease of 1.11%, but still making it the fourth-largest micropolitan statistical area in the United States.
Rugby-Bundesliga
The Rugby-Bundesliga is the highest level of the league system for rugby union in Germany, organised by the German Rugby Federation.

The league has a mix of professional, semi-professional and amateur players, with four club in the league being officially professional outfits.

From 2012 to 2015 the Bundesliga was expanded from ten to 24 and the league divided into four regional divisions of six teams each. Below the Bundesliga the 2. Bundesliga was organised in a similar fashion. From 2015 onwards the league returned to sixteen clubs.

DSV 78/08 Ricklingen
The DSV 78/08 Ricklingen was a German rugby union team from the Ricklingen suburb of Hannover, playing in the 2nd Rugby-Bundesliga North/East in 2008-09. The team was an on-the-field union of DSV 78 Hannover and SV 1908 Ricklingen, two successful clubs in themselves. The two clubs continued to exist as separate entities.

In March 2009, the SV Ricklingen announced it would leave the union with the DSV 78 and not field a senior men's team in the future, instead concentrating on its youth program. This left the DSV 78 to field its own side in the Rugby-Bundesliga 2009-10.
Villa Lighthouse
Villa Lighthouse (Norwegian: Villa fyrstasjon) is a deactivated lighthouse in Flatanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.  The lighthouse was built in 1839 and it was decommissioned in 1890.

Villa Lighthouse is located on the island of Villa in the Folda sea. The 15-metre (49 ft) tall tower was built of granite, soapstone, and brick. It was constructed in a hexagonal shape. The lighthouse was built in 1839 and was the first lighthouse in Norway that was built north of the Trondheimsfjord. It was one of the six coal-fired lighthouses built in Norway during the 1800s, and it is generally considered to be the best preserved of them all.

In 1859, it was upgraded to burn liquid fuels.  When the lighthouse closed in 1890, the lens was moved to the Nordøyan Lighthouse. The lighthouse was replaced by the Ellingråsa Lighthouse on the nearby island of Bjørøya.

Flatanger Municipality
Flatanger is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is Lauvsnes. Other villages include Jøssund, Hasvåg, and Vik.

The 459-square-kilometre (177 sq mi) municipality is the 216th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Flatanger Municipality is the 326th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,116. The municipality's population density is 2.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (6.2/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Flatanger is also known for having some of the most difficult sport climbing routes in the world.