hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Landquart railway station
Landquart railway station (German: Bahnhof Landquart) is a major railway station in the municipality of Landquart, in the Swiss canton of Grisons. It is an intermediate stop on the Swiss Federal Railways Chur–Rorschach line and the junction of the Landquart–Davos Platz and Landquart–Thusis lines of the Rhaetian Railway. It is served by long-distance, local, and regional trains.

There are trains to Zürich and beyond in the north and services to Chur and Disentis/Mustér in the south. In addition, there are connecting services to Klosters, Davos and Scuol in the east.

There are currently six tracks in use at the station. Tracks 2, 3 and 4 are served by SBB and tracks 5, 6 and 8 are served by RhB.

Landquart station is the start of the Prättigauer Höhenweg, a multi-day hiking trail that leads to Klosters.

Landquart, Switzerland
Landquart is a municipality in the Landquart Region in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.  It was formed when the municipalities of Igis and Mastrils merged on 1 January 2012 into the new municipality of Landquart. The municipality "Landquart" draws its name from a locality in the former municipality of Igis.
Superior extensor retinaculum of foot
The superior extensor retinaculum of the foot (transverse crural ligament) is the upper part of the extensor retinaculum of foot which extends from the ankle to the heelbone.

The superior extensor retinaculum  binds down the tendons of extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus tertius, and tibialis anterior as they descend on the front of the tibia and fibula; under it are found also the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve.

It is found on the lateral side of the lower leg, attached laterally to the lower end of the fibula, and medially to the tibia; above it is continuous with the fascia of the leg.

Ankle
The ankle, the talocrural region or the jumping bone (informal) is the area where the foot and the leg meet. The ankle includes three joints: the ankle joint proper or talocrural joint, the subtalar joint, and the inferior tibiofibular joint. The movements produced at this joint are dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot. In common usage, the term ankle refers exclusively to the ankle region. In medical terminology, "ankle" (without qualifiers) can refer broadly to the region or specifically to the talocrural joint.

The main bones of the ankle region are the talus (in the foot), the tibia, and fibula (both in the leg). The talocrural joint is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus. The articulation between the tibia and the talus bears more weight than that between the smaller fibula and the talus.
Stability derivatives
Stability derivatives, and also control derivatives, are measures of how particular forces and moments on an aircraft change as other parameters related to stability change (parameters such as airspeed, altitude, angle of attack, etc.).  For a defined "trim" flight condition, changes and oscillations occur in these parameters.  Equations of motion are used to analyze these changes and oscillations.  Stability and control derivatives are used to linearize (simplify) these equations of motion so the stability of the vehicle can be more readily analyzed.

Stability and control derivatives change as flight conditions change.  The collection of stability and control derivatives as they change over a range of flight conditions is called an aero model.  Aero models are used in engineering flight simulators to analyze stability, and in real-time flight simulators for training and entertainment.

Longitudinal stability
In flight dynamics, longitudinal stability is the stability of an aircraft in the longitudinal, or pitching, plane. This characteristic is important in determining whether an aircraft pilot will be able to control the aircraft in the pitching plane without requiring excessive attention or excessive strength.

The longitudinal stability of an aircraft, also called pitch stability, refers to the aircraft's stability in its plane of symmetry about the lateral axis (the axis along the wingspan). It is an important aspect of the handling qualities of the aircraft, and one of the main factors determining the ease with which the pilot is able to maintain level flight.

Longitudinal static stability refers to the aircraft's initial tendency on pitching. Dynamic stability refers to whether oscillations tend to increase, decrease or stay constant.
Mark Skousen
Mark Andrew Skousen (/ˈskaʊzən/; born October 19, 1947) is an American economist and writer. He currently teaches at Chapman University, where he has been a Presidential Fellow since 2014, and the Doti-Spogli chair in free enterprise at the Argyros School of Business and Economics since 2022.

Foundation for Economic Education
The Foundation for Economic Education (FEE) is an American conservative, libertarian economic think tank. Founded in 1946 in New York City, FEE is now headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. It is a member of the State Policy Network.

FEE offers publications, lectures, and student workshops promoting free market principles. FEE was ranked the 55th top think tank in the United States.
IEC 61131-3
IEC 61131-3 is the third part (of 10) of the international standard IEC 61131 for programmable logic controllers. It was first published in December 1993 by the IEC; the current (fourth) edition was published in May 2025.

Part 3 of IEC 61131 deals with basic software architecture and programming languages of the control program within PLC. The current edition defines three graphical and one textual programming language standards:

Ladder diagram (LD), graphical

Function block diagram (FBD), graphical

Structured text (ST), textual

Sequential function chart (SFC), has elements to organize programs for sequential and parallel control processing, graphical.

Previous editions also included:

Instruction list (IL), textual. Deprecated in the third edition (2013) and removed in the fourth edition (2025).

IEC 61131
IEC 61131 is an IEC standard for programmable controllers. It was first published in 1993; the current (4th) edition dates from 2025. It was known as IEC 1131 before the change in numbering system by IEC. The parts of the IEC 61131 standard are prepared and maintained by working group 7, programmable control systems, of subcommittee SC 65B of Technical Committee TC65 of the IEC.
Rafael Bolívar Coronado
Rafael Bolívar Coronado was a Venezuelan composer and author. He was born on 6 June 1884 in Villa de Cura, Aragua State.

Bolívar is best known for writing the lyrics of the popular joropo song Alma Llanera, in conjunction with composer Pedro Elías Gutiérrez.

Bolívar died on 31 January 1924 in Barcelona, Spain at the age of 39, following complications from influenza.

Pedro Elías Gutiérrez
Pedro Elías Gutiérrez (March 14, 1870–May 31, 1954) was a Venezuelan musician who is mainly remembered for the song Alma Llanera, whose music he composed for the zarzuela of the same name.

Gutiérrez also led the Orquesta Caraqueña, directed the Caracas Martial Band (Banda Marcial Caracas) from 1903 to 1946, and wrote several other zarzuelas, including Percance en Macuto and Un Gallero como Pocos.  He died in Macuto, Vargas.
PipeWire
PipeWire is a low-level server and multimedia framework for handling audio and video streams on Linux. Created by Wim Taymans at Red Hat, it aims to unify audio and video processing by providing low-latency capture and playback functionality. PipeWire facilitates advanced multimedia routing and pipeline processing, and is designed to replace and be compatible with existing sound systems.

JACK Audio Connection Kit
JACK Audio Connection Kit (or JACK; a recursive acronym) is a professional sound server API and pair of daemon implementations to provide real-time, low-latency connections for both audio and MIDI data between applications. JACK was developed by a community of open-source developers led by Paul Davis (who won an Open Source Award in 2004 for this work) and has been a key piece of infrastructure and the de facto standard for professional audio software on Linux since its inception in 2002. The server is free software, licensed under GPL-2.0-or-later, while the library is licensed under LGPL-2.1-or-later.
Michał Walicki
Michał Marian Walicki (8 August 1904 in St. Petersburg – 22 August 1966 in Warsaw) was a Polish art historian and professor at the Warsaw University of Technology and School of Fine Arts (later Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw).

Jan Białostocki
Jan Białostocki (Polish: [ˈjan bjawɔˈstɔt͡skʲi]; August 14, 1921 – December 25, 1988) was a Polish historian who was born in Saratov, Russia and died in Warsaw. He is considered to be one of the most renowned Polish art historians of the 20th century.
Young and Lively
Young and Lively is the sixteenth studio album by American singer Vic Damone, released by Columbia Records in November 1962, two years after Vic Damone had left the label and joined Capitol. It was produced by John Williams.

The album was released on compact disc by Collectables Records in January 1996 as tracks 13 through 24 on a pairing of two albums on one CD with tracks 13 through 23 consisting of Damone's debut Columbia album from November 1956, That Towering Feeling!.

Vic Damone
Vic Damone (born Vito Rocco Farinola; June 12, 1928 – February 11, 2018) was an American traditional pop and big band singer and actor. He was best known for his performances of songs such as the number one hit "You're Breaking My Heart", and other hits such as "On the Street Where You Live" (from My Fair Lady) and "I Have But One Heart".
Alessandro Berri
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at Alessandro Berri; see its history for attribution.

Alessandro Berri (late 15th century – middle-late 16th century) was an Italian painter who lived in Piedmont around the 1500s.

Castelnuovo Scrivia
Castelnuovo Scrivia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Alessandria.
Rutile
Rutile is an oxide mineral composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2), the most common natural form of TiO2. Rarer polymorphs of TiO2 are known, including anatase, akaogiite, and brookite.

Rutile has one of the highest refractive indices at visible wavelengths of any known crystal and also exhibits a particularly large birefringence and high dispersion. Owing to these properties, it is useful for the manufacture of certain optical elements, especially polarization optics, for longer visible and infrared wavelengths up to about 4.5 micrometres. Natural rutile may contain up to 10% iron and significant amounts of niobium and tantalum.

Rutile derives its name from the Latin rutilus ('red'), in reference to the deep red color observed in some specimens when viewed by transmitted light. Rutile was first described in 1803 by Abraham Gottlob Werner using specimens obtained in Horcajuelo de la Sierra, Madrid (Spain), which is consequently the type locality.

Photocatalysis
In chemistry, photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a photocatalyst, the excited state of which "repeatedly interacts with the reaction partners forming reaction intermediates and regenerates itself after each cycle of such interactions." In many cases, the catalyst is a solid that upon irradiation with UV- or visible light generates electron–hole pairs that generate free radicals. Photocatalysts belong to three main groups; heterogeneous, homogeneous, and plasmonic antenna-reactor catalysts. The use of each catalysts depends on the preferred application and required catalysis reaction.
Collier High School (New Jersey)
Collier High School is a private, nonsectarian high school located in the Wickatunk section of Marlboro Township, in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school serves students with emotional difficulties and other special needs. The house and property were given to the Sisters of the Good Shepherd with the express purpose to create a residential program for girls with problem situations. The school was transferred to the sisters in 1927 by Sara Steward Collier-Van Allen, the widow of Robert J. Collier. Although privately operated by the Sisters of the Good Shepherd, the school receives a portion of its funding from public school districts which pay tuition for their students to be placed at Collier High School.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 204 students.

Wickatunk, New Jersey
Wickatunk is an unincorporated community located within Marlboro Township in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Elevation above sea level is 180 feet (55 m). It was founded in 1695 by three Scottish servants from the community of Topanemus (no longer in existence in Marlboro Township). Originally surveyed by George Keith, in a letter he states:

"After some time I may give thee a particular account of all thy land I have surveyed for thee and what I reckon dew for it. John Laing and his family are well and lyke to do well, and so John Sym and his family. Also thou hast thy share laid out at Wickington (Wickatunk).

After the initial settlement, the plan in the early 1700s called for a village center with small town lots surrounded by plantations. However, that plan was not workable as it did not allow for townspeople to have farming land.

Research suggests the name derives from the Delaware (Algonquian) "wikwetung", meaning "the fishing place".
Class variable
Computer programming portal

In class-based, object-oriented programming, a class variable  is a variable defined in a class of which a single copy exists, regardless of how many instances of the class exist.

A class variable is not an instance variable. It is a special type of class attribute (or class property, field, or data member). The same dichotomy between instance and class members applies to methods ("member functions") as well; a class may have both instance methods and class methods.

Object-oriented programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on objects – software entities that encapsulate data and function(s). An OOP computer program consists of objects that interact with one another. An OOP language is one that provides object-oriented programming features, but as the set of features that contribute to OOP is contested, classifying a language as OOP – and the degree to which it supports OOP – is debatable. As paradigms are not mutually exclusive, a language can be multi-paradigm (i.e. categorized as more than only OOP).

Notable languages with OOP support include Ada, ActionScript, C++, Common Lisp, C#, Dart, Eiffel, Fortran 2003, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Logo, MATLAB, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Raku, Ruby, Scala, SIMSCRIPT, Simula, Smalltalk, Swift, Vala and Visual Basic (.NET).
Spring Park (Milwaukie, Oregon)
Spring Park, or Spring Park Natural Area, is a public park in Milwaukie, Oregon, United States. The park opened in 2015 after two decades of planning and construction, and provides access to Elk Rock Island. The boundaries of the park have been disputed with neighbors.

Milwaukie, Oregon
Milwaukie /mɪlˈwɔːki/ is a city mostly in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States; a very small portion of the city extends into Multnomah County. The population was 21,119 at the 2020 census. Founded in 1847 on the banks of the Willamette River, the city, known as the Dogwood City of the West, was incorporated in 1903 and is the birthplace of the Bing cherry. The city is now a suburb of Portland and also adjoins the unincorporated areas of Clackamas and Oak Grove.
Goosey Fair
Tavistock Goose Fair, known locally as the Goosey, or Goosie, Fair, is the annual fair in the stannary town of Tavistock in the west of Devon, England. It has been held on the second Wednesday of October since 1823 and it is one of only three historically established traditional fairs in the UK to carry the name, the other being the larger Nottingham Goose Fair, and the smaller Michaelmas Goose Fayre in Colyford, also in Devon.

The fair, originally focused on geese trading, has now transformed into a marketplace for vendors to sell toys, food, and offer amusement rides.

Tavistock
Tavistock (/ˈtævɪstɒk/ TAV-iss-tok) is an ancient stannary and market town and civil parish in the West Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. It is situated on the River Tavy, from which its name derives. At the 2011 census, the three electoral wards (North, South and South West) had a population of 13,028. The town traces its recorded history back to at least 961 when Tavistock Abbey, whose ruins lie in the centre of the town, was founded. Its most famous son is Sir Francis Drake.
Fabia gens
The gens Fabia was one of the most ancient patrician families of ancient Rome.  The gens played a prominent part in history soon after the establishment of the Republic, and three brothers were invested with seven successive consulships, from 485 to 479 BC, thereby cementing the high repute of the family.   Overall, the Fabii received 45 consulships during the Republic.  The house derived its greatest lustre from the patriotic courage and tragic fate of the 306 Fabii in the Battle of the Cremera, 477 BC.  But the Fabii were not distinguished as warriors alone; several members of the gens were also important in the history of Roman literature and the arts.

Roman naming conventions
Over the course of some fourteen centuries, the Romans and other peoples of Italy employed a system of nomenclature that differed from that used by other cultures of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, consisting of a combination of personal and family names. Although conventionally referred to as the tria nomina, the combination of praenomen, nomen, and cognomen that have come to be regarded as the basic elements of the Roman name in fact represent a continuous process of development, from at least the seventh century BC to the end of the seventh century AD. The names that developed as part of this system became a defining characteristic of Roman civilization, and although the system itself vanished during the Early Middle Ages, the names themselves exerted a profound influence on the development of European naming practices, and many continue to survive in modern languages.
Christian Loeben
Christian E. Loeben (* 22 December 1961) is a German Egyptologist.

Loeben studied Egyptology and art history at the Free University of Berlin from 1980 to 1985. Subsequently he was employed as an academic tour guide. From 1992 until 2003 he was a lecturer of Egyptology at Humboldt University of Berlin, filling in for the vacant professorship of Egyptology for his last two semesters. Here also in 1999 he received his doctorate with a dissertation entitled Beobachtungen zu Kontext und Funktion königlicher Statuen im Amun-Tempel von Karnak (Studies in the Context and Function of Royal Statues in the Temple of Amun at Karnak). Since 2004 he has been curator of the Egyptological collection of the Museum August Kestner and visiting lecturer at the University of Göttingen. Loeben is especially involved in popular engagement with Egyptology, appearing frequently in the media as an expert on Egyptological questions and offering many public lectures.

Museum August Kestner
The August Kestner Museum (German: Museum August Kestner), previously Kestner-Museum, is a museum in Hanover, Germany. Founded in 1889, the museum was renamed in December 2007 to avoid confusion with the Kestnergesellschaft, a local art gallery.

The museum centres on the collections of August Kestner and his nephew Hermann Kestner, later followed by the collections of Friedrich Culemann and Friedrich Wilhelm von Bissing. It contains four different categories of antiquities: Ancient Egypt, Classical Antiquity, Numismatics and Handicraft.
Series 80 (software platform)
Nokia's Series 80 (formerly Crystal) is a discontinued, short-lived mobile software platform for their enterprise and professional level smartphones, introduced in 2000. It runs on the Symbian operating system (OS). Common physical properties of this Symbian OS user interface platform are a display resolution of 640×200 pixels and a full QWERTY keyboard. Series 80 used the large size of the Communicator screens to good effect, but software had to be developed for it uniquely, for a relatively small market.

The final Series 80 device was the Nokia 9300i, announced in 2005 and shipped in 2006. Nokia used S60 3rd Edition instead of the Series 80 platform on its final "Communicator" branded device, the Nokia E90 Communicator, released in 2007.

S60 (software platform)
The S60 Platform, originally named Series 60 User Interface, is a discontinued software platform and graphical user interface for smartphones that runs on top of the Symbian operating system. It was created by Nokia based on the 'Pearl' interface from Symbian Ltd. S60 was introduced at COMDEX in November 2001 and first shipped with the Nokia 7650 smartphone; the original version was followed by three other major releases.

In 2008 after Nokia bought out Symbian Ltd., the Symbian Foundation was formed to consolidate all the assets of different Symbian platforms (S60, UIQ, MOAP), making it open source. In 2009, based on the code base of S60, the first iteration of the platform since the creation of Symbian Foundation was launched as S60 5th Edition, or Symbian^1, on top of Symbian OS 9.4 as its base. Subsequent iterations dropped the S60 brand and were named solely under the Symbian name.
Tikoy Aguiluz
Amable Reyes "Tikoy" Aguiluz VI (September 23, 1947 – February 18, 2024) was a Filipino film director, producer, screenwriter and cinematographer. In 1999, he founded the Cinemanila International Film Festival in Manila. Aguiluz was one of the leading figures in the alternative cinema movement in the Philippines.

Flor Contemplacion
Flor Ramos Contemplacion (7 January 1953 – 17 March 1995) was a Filipina domestic worker who was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murdering a fellow Filipina maid and the three-year-old boy whom she was babysitting. At the time, her case as well as her eventual sentencing severely strained diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Singapore, although relations soon recovered.
Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway locomotives
This article gives details of the locomotives used on the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway, a  15 in (381 mm)  narrow gauge preserved railway line running for 7 miles (11 km) from Ravenglass on the Cumbrian coast to Dalegarth near the village of Boot, in Eskdale.

International Garden Festival
The International Garden Festival was a garden festival recognised by the International Association of Horticultural producers (AIPH) and the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), which was held in Liverpool, England from 2 May to 14 October 1984. It was the first such event held in Britain, and became the model for several others held during the 1980s and early 1990s. The aim was to revitalise tourism and the city of Liverpool which had suffered cutbacks, and the idea came from Conservative Environment Minister Michael Heseltine.
The festival was hugely popular, attracting 3,380,000 visitors.
Orion Media
Orion Media was a UK commercial radio group, founded in 2009 after a management buy-in, with backing from Lloyds Development Capital. It was created from the enforced sale of several radio stations in the English Midlands previously owned by Global Radio.

In May 2016, the company was sold to Bauer Media Group.

Hits Radio Black Country & Shropshire
Hits Radio Black Country & Shropshire, formerly Free Radio Black Country & Shropshire, is an Independent Local Radio station based in Birmingham, England, owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Shropshire, Kings Norton, Wolverhampton and the Black Country.

As of September 2024, the station has a weekly audience of 90,000 listeners according to RAJAR.