hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Camaegeria sylvestralis
Camaegeria sylvestralis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is known from eastern Madagascar.

This species has a wingspan of 36 millimetres (1.4 in) with a length of the forewings of 17 mm (0.67 in). Both pairs of wings are completely hyaline.
This species is close to Camaegeria xanthomos and Camaegeria polytelis from which it can be distinguished by the abdomen that is dorsally completely red.

Camaegeria xanthomos
Camaegeria xanthomos is a moth of the family Sesiidae first described by Daniel Bartsch and Jutta Berg in 2012. It is known from eastern Madagascar.

This species has a wingspan of 22 millimetres (0.87 in) and it is similar to Camaegeria polytelis and Camaegeria sylvestralis. The holotype, provided from the region of Moramanga and Andasibe in Madagascar, was caught in disturbed primary forests.
Alfred Schlemm
Alfred Schlemm (18 December 1894 – 24 January 1986) was a German General der Fallschirmtruppe in the Wehrmacht. His last command in World War II opposed the advance of the First Canadian Army through the Reichswald in February 1945.

Klever Reichswald
The Klever Reichswald is a state forest in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, between the rivers Rhine and Meuse at the German–Dutch border. The forest is located in the municipal territories of Kleve, Goch, Kranenburg and Bedburg-Hau. It is the largest coherent wooded area of the lower Rhine and the largest coherent public state forest of North Rhine-Westphalia with an area of 51 km2 (5100 ha).
Sydney Smith Lee
Sydney Smith Lee (September 2, 1802 – July 22, 1869), called Smith Lee in his lifetime, was an American naval officer who served as a captain in the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War. He was a descendant of the Lee Family of Virginia, the third child of Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee and Anne Hill Carter Lee, and the older brother of Confederate general Robert E. Lee.

Anne Hill Carter Lee
Anne Hill Carter Lee (March 26, 1773 – June 26, 1829) was the First Lady of Virginia from 1791 to 1794 as the wife of the ninth governor, Henry Lee III. She was the mother of the general-in-chief of the Confederate States of America, Robert E. Lee.  As a separated wife and then as a widow, she was the head of her household at Lee Corner, Alexandria, Virginia, which is now known as the Robert E. Lee Boyhood Home.  Her chronic pain and straitened circumstances play a significant role in her son Robert's biography.
André Rigaud
Benoit Joseph André Rigaud (17 January 1761 – 18 September 1811) was the leading mulatto military leader during the Haitian Revolution. Among his protégés were Alexandre Pétion and Jean-Pierre Boyer, both future presidents of Haïti.

Rigaud rebelled against Toussaint Louverture's government, leading to the War of the South.

War of the South
The War of the South (French: Guerre du Sud), not to be confused with the general term knives-war or the War of Knives, was a civil war from June 1799 to July 1800 between the Haitian revolutionary Toussaint Louverture, a black ex-slave who controlled the north of Saint-Domingue (modern-day Haiti), and his adversary André Rigaud, a mixed-race free person of color who controlled the South. Louverture and Rigaud fought over de facto control of the French colony of Saint-Domingue during the war. Their conflict followed the withdrawal of British forces from the colony earlier during the Haitian Revolution. The war resulted in Toussaint taking control of the entirety of Saint-Domingue, and Rigaud fleeing into exile.
Hurden
Hurden is a village in the municipality of Freienbach in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. First mentioned in 1217, the name "de Hurden" was used for the peninsula and for the fish traps made of woven work, called "Hürden" or "Hurden", which were used by the locals.

Freienbach–Hurden Rosshorn
Freienbach–Hurden Rosshorn, more often called Hurden Rosshorn or simply Rosshorn, is one of the 111 serial sites of the UNESCO World Heritage Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps, of which are 56 located in Switzerland. The Rosshorn site is exceptional because it doesn't contain remains of a prehistoric settlement but instead remains of prehistoric and historic bridges that were built in a shallow area of Lake Zurich.
Shirley Agrupis
Shirley Agrupis (née Castañeda) is a Filipino academic administrator and government official who has served as the chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) since 2025. She previously served as president of Mariano Marcos State University (MMSU) from 2017 to 2025.

Commission on Higher Education
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED; Filipino: Komisyon sa Mas Mataas na Edukasyon or Komisyon sa Lalong Mataas na Edukasyon) is a government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines. It is responsible for regulating and governing all higher education institutions and post-secondary educational programs in the country.
Werner Lorenz
Werner Lorenz (2 October 1891 – 13 March 1974) was an SS functionary during the Nazi era. He was head of the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (VOMI) (Main Office for Ethnic Germans), an organization charged with resettling ethnic Germans in the "German Reich" from other parts of Europe, as well as colonising the occupied lands during World War II. After the war, Lorenz was sentenced to prison for crimes against humanity in 1948. He was released in 1954 and died in 1974.

Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle
In Nazi Germany the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle or VoMi (Coordination Center for Ethnic Germans) was a Nazi Party agency founded to manage the interests of the Volksdeutsche—the population of ethnic Germans living outside the Third Reich. Ultimately coming under Allgemeine-SS administration, it became responsible for orchestrating the implementation of Nazi Lebensraum (English: living-space) policies in Eastern Europe during World War II.
Samuel Krachmalnick
Samuel Krachmalnick (1926, St. Louis – April 1, 2005, Burbank, California) was an American conductor and music educator. He first came to prominence as a conductor on Broadway during the 1950s, notably earning a Tony Award nomination for his work as the music director of the original production of Leonard Bernstein's Candide. He went on to work as a busy conductor of operas and symphony orchestras internationally during the 1960s and 1970s. He was particularly active in New York City, where he held conducting posts with the American Ballet Theatre, the Harkness Ballet, the Metropolitan Opera, and the New York City Opera. His later career was primarily devoted to teaching on the music faculties of the University of Washington and the University of California, Los Angeles.

Candide (operetta)
Candide is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein and lyrics primarily by the poet Richard Wilbur, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire. Other contributors to the text were John Latouche, Dorothy Parker, Lillian Hellman, Stephen Sondheim, John Mauceri, John Wells, and Bernstein himself. Maurice Peress and Hershy Kay contributed orchestrations.

The operetta was first performed in 1956 with a libretto by Lillian Hellman, but since 1974 it has been generally performed with a book by Hugh Wheeler, which is more faithful to Voltaire's novella. Although unsuccessful at its premiere, Candide has overcome the unenthusiastic reaction of early audiences and critics, and achieved more popularity.
Franekeradeel
Franekeradeel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈfraːnəkəraːˌdeːl] ⓘ; West Frisian: Frentsjerteradiel [ˈfrɛntsjətəraˌdiəl] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the northern Netherlands. It was created in 1984 by combining an earlier Franekeradeel municipality with the city of Franeker and parts of the former municipality of Barradeel. On 1 January 2018 it merged with the municipalities of het Bildt, Menameradiel and parts of Littenseradiel to form the new municipality Waadhoeke.

Menameradiel
Menameradiel (West Frisian: [məˈnaːməraˌdiəl] ⓘ; Dutch: Menaldumadeel [meːˈnɑldʏmaːˌdeːl] ⓘ) is a former municipality in Friesland, Netherlands. On 1 January 2018 it merged with the municipalities of Franekeradeel, het Bildt and parts of Littenseradiel to form the new municipality Waadhoeke.
Dylan McGrath
Dylan McGrath (born 4 August 1977) is an Irish celebrity head chef. He was the owner of the now defunct Michelin starred restaurant Mint in Dublin which closed as a result of the economic downturn. In August 2010 he opened 'Rustic Stone Restaurant by Dylan McGrath' on South Great George's Street in Dublin's city centre. In 2011 Dylan was announced by RTÉ One as the judge on the Irish version of the show Masterchef. He also appeared in the 2008 RTÉ One television series Guerrilla Gourmet and in the fly on the wall series The Pressure Cooker. Derry Clarke has called him a "brilliant young chef".

Derry Clarke
Derry Clarke is an Irish celebrity chef, and was the proprietor of the restaurant L'Ecrivain. He has also been a reality television judge, having  acted as a judge alongside Bibi Baskin and Sammy Leslie on the RTÉ One reality television series Fáilte Towers, and has appeared on other programmes such as The Restaurant, The Afternoon Show and The Panel (in 2008).
M109 howitzer
The M109, widely known as the Paladin, is an American 155 mm turreted self-propelled howitzer, first introduced in the early 1960s to replace the M44 and M52. It has been upgraded a number of times, most recently to the M109A7. The M109 family is the most common Western indirect-fire support weapon of maneuver brigades of armored and mechanized infantry divisions. It has a crew of four: the section chief/commander, the driver, the gunner, and the ammunition handler/loader.

The British Army replaced its M109s with the AS-90. Several European armed forces have or are currently replacing older M109s with the German PzH 2000. Upgrades to the M109 were introduced by the U.S. (see variants) and by Switzerland (KAWEST). With the cancellation of the U.S. Crusader, non-line-of-sight cannon and M1299, the M109A6 ("Paladin") will likely remain the principal self-propelled howitzer for the U.S. until a replacement enters service.

M44 self-propelled howitzer
The M44 was an American-made self-propelled 155 mm howitzer based on the M41 Walker Bulldog tank chassis, first introduced in the early 1950s. Flaws in its design prevented it from seeing action in the Korean War, but the type went on to serve in the armies of the United States, West Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom into the late Cold War period, and even longer in Turkish service.
Do You See Seoul?
Do You See Seoul? (Korean: 서울이 보이냐?; RR: Seouri boinya?), also known as Unforgettable, is a 2008 South Korean drama film, written and directed by Song Dong-yoon. It stars Yoo Seung-ho, Lee Chang-hoon, Oh Soo-ah and Kim You-jung.

The film was released on May 8, 2008, and drew a total of 50,956 admissions.

Yoo Seung-ho
Yoo Seung-ho (/juː sʊŋhɔː/; Korean: 유승호; born August 17, 1993) is a South Korean actor. Known for his roles in film and television, he has received two nominations at the Baeksang Arts Awards and was nicknamed "Nation's Little Brother" in his home country. Yoo rose to fame as a child actor in the film The Way Home (2002), and has since starred in the television series The Emperor: Owner of the Mask (2017), I'm Not a Robot (2017), and Moonshine (2021–2022).
Milton Rosmer
Milton Rosmer (4 November 1881 – 7 December 1971) was a British actor, film director and screenwriter. He made his screen debut in The Mystery of a Hansom Cab (1915) and continued to act in theatre, film and television until 1956. In 1926 he directed his first film The Woman Juror and went on to direct another 16 films between 1926 and 1938.

He began his acting career as a stage actor and appeared as Francis Tresham in "The Breed of the Treshams" (1903) opposite John Martin-Harvey.

Milton Rosmer died in Chesham, Buckinghamshire in 1971.

The Mystery of a Hansom Cab (1915 film)
The Mystery of a Hansom Cab is a 1915 British silent crime film directed by Harold Weston and starring Milton Rosmer, Fay Temple and A.V. Bramble. It is an adaptation of Fergus Hume's 1886 novel of the same name.
Cryotron
The cryotron is a switch that operates using superconductivity. The cryotron works on the principle that magnetic fields destroy superconductivity. This simple device consists of two superconducting wires (e.g. tantalum and niobium) with different critical temperature (Tc). The cryotron was invented by Dudley Allen Buck of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory.

Dudley Allen Buck
(Dr.) Dudley Allen Buck (1927–1959) was an electrical engineer and inventor of components for high-speed computing devices in the 1950s.  He is best known for the invention of the cryotron, a superconductive computer component that is operated in liquid helium at a temperature near absolute zero. Other inventions were ferroelectric memory, content-addressable memory, non-destructive sensing of magnetic fields, and writing printed circuits with a beam of electrons.
Windfall Elimination Provision
The Windfall Elimination Provision (abbreviated WEP) was a statutory provision in United States law which affected benefits paid by the Social Security Administration under Title II of the Social Security Act.  It reduced the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) of a person's Retirement Insurance Benefits (RIB) or Disability Insurance Benefits (DIB) when that person was eligible or entitled to a pension based on a job which did not contribute to the Social Security Trust Fund.  When it was in effect, it also affected the benefits of others claiming on the same social security record. It was repealed by the Social Security Fairness Act (H.R. 82) in 2025.

Retirement Insurance Benefits
Retirement Insurance Benefits (abbreviated RIB) or old-age insurance benefits are a form of social insurance payments made by the U.S. Social Security Administration paid based upon the attainment of old age (62 or older).  Benefit payments are made on the 3rd of the month, or the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th Wednesday of the month, based upon the date of birth and entitlement to other benefits.
Marinus Dijkhuizen
Marinus Dijkhuizen (born 4 January 1972) is a Dutch professional football manager and former player who is head coach of Eerste Divisie club De Graafschap.

As a player, Dijkhuizen had notable spells as a forward in his native Netherlands with Excelsior, Cambuur and TOP Oss. He retired as a player in 2009 and entered management with Dutch lower league clubs VV Montfoort and then VV De Meern. Since 2014, Dijkhuizen has managed Excelsior (twice), Brentford, NAC Breda, Cambuur and De Graafschap.

Excelsior Rotterdam
Excelsior Rotterdam, commonly known as Excelsior, is a Dutch professional football club based in Rotterdam. Founded on 23 July 1902, it competes in the Eredivisie, the highest tier of the Dutch football league system. The team plays its home matches at Stadion Woudestein, which has a capacity of approximately 4,500, making it one of the smallest stadiums used by professional clubs in the Netherlands.

Excelsior has spent much of its history fluctuating between the top two divisions, achieving multiple promotions and relegations. The club's most notable periods of sustained top-flight presence occurred in the early 2010s and again in the early 2020s. Known for its long-standing partnership with Feyenoord, from which it has frequently received loaned players, Excelsior has developed a reputation for nurturing young talent. The club's local rivalry with Sparta Rotterdam is a regular feature of Rotterdam football.
Jung Jae-young
Jeong Jae-yeong (born Jeong Ji-hyeon; November 21, 1970) is a South Korean actor. He is known for starring in the films Guns & Talks (2001), Silmido (2003), Someone Special (2004), Welcome to Dongmakgol (2005), Public Enemy Returns (2008), Castaway on the Moon (2009), Moss (2010), and Confession of Murder (2012), as well as the television series Partners for Justice (2018–19).

Someone Special (film)
Someone Special (Korean: 아는 여자; RR: Aneun yeoja; lit. 'A Woman I Know') is a 2004 South Korean romantic comedy film about a struggling baseball player and a fan with a long-time crush on him. It was selected to screen at the 2004 Pusan International Film Festival, 2005 Udine Far East Film Festival, and made its United States premiere at the 2005 New York Asian Film Festival.
George Strath
George Strath (1 October 1843 – 21 January 1919) was a Scottish professional golfer and golf course designer of the late 19th century and early 20th century. He was born in St Andrews, Fifeshire, Scotland. As a young lad he worked as a caddie, carrying the clubs of Old Tom Morris at St Andrews.

Strath placed 14th in the 1878 Open Championship at Prestwick. He served as the first professional at Royal Troon Golf Club in Scotland from 1881–87. In June 1883, Strath increased the links at Troon to twelve holes.  A further six holes were completed by 1885.
Strath's brother—Davie Strath—was also a fine golfer with seven top-10 finishes in the Open Championship. His other brother, Andrew Strath, won the 1865 Open Championship. George had three brothers, one of which was not a professional golfer.

Davie Strath
David Strath (c. 1849 – 28 January 1879) was a Scottish professional golfer. His golf career was highlighted with a trio of second-place finishes in the 1870, 1873 and 1876 Open Championships. In 1876, he lost the playoff to fellow countryman Bob Martin.
Ruth-Ann Boyle
Ruth-Ann Boyle (born 26 April 1970) is an English singer. Together with producers Tim Kellett and Robin Taylor-Firth, she formed the British band Olive. The band's single "You're Not Alone" reached number 1 in the UK Singles Chart on its second release in 1997.

In 1999 she sang lead vocals on tracks "Gravity of Love" and "Silence Must Be Heard" on Enigma's album The Screen Behind the Mirror, the former of which was also released as a single. She also performed guest-vocals for their 2003 album Voyageur.

Her first solo album What About Us?, produced by Michael Cretu of Enigma, was only released as a digital download via iTunes in 2007, quoting a lack of necessary project support and co-ordination to produce physical copies of the album.

The Screen Behind the Mirror
The Screen Behind the Mirror is the fourth studio album by the German musical project Enigma, released on 14 January 2000 by Virgin Records. It was recorded at the A.R.T. Studios in Ibiza, Spain. The album was inspired by the fate of humanity and its search for meaning in the wake of the New Millennium. The album samples the movement "O Fortuna" from Orff's Carmina Burana, in several of the album tracks.
Atsuko Asano (writer)
Atsuko Asano (Japanese: あさの あつこ, Hepburn: Asano Atsuko, born 1954 in Okayama Prefecture) is a Japanese writer. She wrote the children's novel series Telepathy Shōjo Ran and the manga series The Manzai Comics. She started writing children's novels when she was in college. She graduated from Aoyama Gakuin University with the Bachelor of Letters degree. After that, she worked as a temporary teacher of the elementary school in Okayama for two years. She published Hotarukan monogatari as her first novel in 1991. She is married to a dentist and they have two sons and a daughter.

Asano received the Noma Prize for Juvenile Literature in 1997 for the book series Battery, which has been adapted into a film. The same series won the Shogakukan Children's Publication Culture Award in 2005. Her work frequently appears in literary magazines and she has also been featured in the Mainichi Shimbun.

She is a supporter of the Japanese Communist Party (JCP).

Telepathy Shōjo Ran Jiken Note
Telepathy Shōjo Ran Jiken Note (Japanese: テレパシー少女「蘭」事件ノート, Hepburn: Terepashī Shōjo Ran Jiken Nōto; lit. 'Telepathy Girl "Ran" Incident Notes') is a Japanese novel series by Atsuko Asano. A manga adaptation by Toshitsugu Iida was serialized in the shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sirius. A twenty-six-episode anime adaptation aired in Japan between June 21 and December 20, 2008. It was produced by TMS Entertainment and was broadcast by NHK.
Punchscan
Punchscan is an optical scan vote counting system invented by cryptographer David Chaum. Punchscan is designed to offer integrity, privacy, and transparency. The system is voter-verifiable, provides an end-to-end (E2E) audit mechanism, and issues a ballot receipt to each voter. The system won grand prize at the 2007 University Voting Systems Competition.

The computer software which Punchscan incorporates is open-source; the source code was released on 2 November 2006 under a revised BSD licence. However, Punchscan is software independent; it draws its security from cryptographic functions instead of relying on software security like DRE voting machines. For this reason, Punchscan can be run on closed source operating systems, like Microsoft Windows, and still maintain unconditional integrity.

The Punchscan team, with additional contributors, has since developed Scantegrity.

Scantegrity
Scantegrity is a security enhancement for optical scan voting systems, providing such systems with end-to-end (E2E) verifiability of election results. It uses confirmation codes to allow a voter to prove to themselves that their ballot is included unmodified in the final tally. The codes are privacy-preserving and offer no proof of which candidate a voter voted for. Receipts can be safely shown without compromising ballot secrecy.

Scantegrity II prints the confirmation codes in invisible ink to improve usability and dispute resolution. As the system relies on cryptographic techniques, the ability to validate an election outcome is both software independent as well as independent of faults in the physical chain-of-custody of the paper ballots. The system was developed by a team of researchers including cryptographers David Chaum and Ron Rivest.
Sherif Arafa
Sherif Arafa (Arabic: شريف عرفة) (born on December 25, 1960) is an Egyptian director, writer and producer. He graduated from the Higher Institute of Cinema in 1982.

Sharif Arafa participated in the making of many of the movies in the history of Egyptian cinema, such as; Terrorism and Kebab, Birds of Darkness, Al-La'ib Ma'a Al-Kibar, Mafia, Halim and Welad El Am and The Treasure. He produced several  television works such as Tamer we shawkeya and "Lahazat Harega" "Critical moments".

He was famous for his political movies with the writer "Wahid Hamed"

Escaping Tel Aviv
Welad El-Am (Arabic: ولاد العم; English: The Cousins), known internationally as Escaping Tel Aviv, is a 2009 Egyptian film directed by Sherif Arafa and starring Karim Abdel Aziz, Mona Zaki and Sherif Mounir.
George Gavan Duffy
George Gavan Duffy (21 October 1882 – 10 June 1951) was an Irish politician, barrister and judge who served as president of the High Court from 1946 to 1951, a judge of the High Court from 1936 to 1951 and Minister for Foreign Affairs from January 1922 to July 1922. He served as a Teachta Dála
(TD) for the Dublin County constituency from 1921 to 1923. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for the Dublin South constituency from 1918 to 1921.

South Dublin (UK Parliament constituency)
South Dublin, a division of County Dublin, was a county constituency in Ireland from 1885 to 1922. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, using the first past the post voting system.

Prior to the 1885 general election the area was part of the County Dublin constituency. From 1918 to 1921, it was also used as a constituency for Dáil Éireann. From the dissolution of 1922, shortly before the establishment of the Irish Free State, the area was not represented in the UK Parliament.
Oorum Uravum
Oorum Uravum (transl. The place and people) is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by Major Sundarrajan and produced by Pushpa Rajan. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, K. R. Vijaya, A. V. M. Rajan and Thengai Srinivasan. It is a remake of the Telugu film Oorukichina Maata. The film was released on 14 November 1982.

A. V. M. Rajan
Shanmugasundaram, known by his stage name A.V.M. Rajan, (26 July 1935) is an Indian preacher and former actor who was active in Tamil cinema. He was one of the top actors in the industry during the 1960s and 1970s.