hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castelletto Merli
Castelletto Merli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Alessandria.

Castelletto Merli borders the following municipalities: Alfiano Natta, Cerrina Monferrato, Mombello Monferrato, Moncalvo, Odalengo Piccolo, and Ponzano Monferrato.

Ponzano Monferrato
Ponzano Monferrato is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Alessandria.

Ponzano Monferrato borders the following municipalities: Castelletto Merli, Cereseto, Mombello Monferrato, Moncalvo, and Serralunga di Crea.
Randolph Street Historic District
Randolph Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Thomasville, Davidson County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 10 contributing buildings in mixed-use area in the city of Thomasville.  The contributing buildings include three residences, the Memorial Methodist Church (1951), the Standard Chair Company Building (c. 1926), the Gray Concrete Pipe Company Machine Shop (c. 1923, c. 1935, c. 1957), and the Carolina and Yadkin Valley Railroad Depot (1913).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Thomasville, North Carolina
Thomasville is a city in Davidson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 27,183 at the 2020 census. The city was once notable for its furniture industry, as were its neighbors High Point and Lexington. This Piedmont Triad community was established in 1852 and hosts the state's oldest festival, "Everybody's Day".
Moyna Macgill
Moyna Macgill (born Charlotte Lillian McIldowie; 10 December 1895 – 25 November 1975) was a British and Irish actress from Belfast and the mother of actress Angela Lansbury and producers Edgar and Bruce Lansbury. In 2020, she was listed at number 35 on The Irish Times' list of Ireland's greatest film actors.

Bruce Lansbury
William Bruce Mageean Lansbury (12 January 1930 – 13 February 2017) was a British-American television producer, television writer and screenwriter. His career spanned over 30 years, from the 1960s to the 1990s, and included work on a number of American television series.
FatCat Records
FatCat Records is an English independent record label based in Brighton. The label's output reaches into many styles including experimental rock, electronica, psychedelic folk, contemporary classical, noise and post-punk. Notable artists that have released music on the label include Sigur Rós, Múm, Animal Collective, Frightened Rabbit, Shopping, the Twilight Sad, Vashti Bunyan and We Were Promised Jetpacks.

Ian William Craig
Ian William Craig (born 1980) is a Canadian musician known for using broken tape machines. He is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Craig was classically trained in vocal performance and uses modified tape reels to distort his recorded voice. Music magazine Rolling Stone compared his style to that of William Basinski, Grouper, and Anohni. His 2016 Centres was the first release on FatCat's relaunched 130701 record label, which specializes in post-classical music and popularized the music of Max Richter and Hauschka. The album received "universal acclaim", according to album review aggregator Metacritic. Rolling Stone described Craig as the most exciting experimental composer of 2016.
Rietzer Grießkogel
The Rietzer Grießkogel (also: Grieskogel) is a mountain, 2,884 m (AA), and the highest peak in the Northern Sellrain Mountains, part of the Stubai Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol. The summit is easily climbed on path no. 153. The first documented ascent was undertaken in 1829 by Innsbruck botanist, Andrä Sauter, a brother of Anton Sauter. As a result of its easy accessibility on well marked paths from Telfs in the Inn Valley and from the Sellrain Valley, it is a popular destination. Its name is derived from the village of Rietz at its northern foot in the district of Imst in the upper Inn valley.

Stubai Alps
The Stubai Alps (German: Stubaier Alpen, pronounced [ˈʃtuːbaɪɐ ˈalpn̩]) is a mountain range in the Central Eastern Alps of Europe. It derives its name from the Stubaital valley to its east and is located southwest of Innsbruck, Austria. Several peaks form the border between Austria and Italy. The range is bounded by the Inn River valley to the north; the Sill River valley (Wipptal) and the Brenner Pass to the east (separating it from the Zillertal Alps); the Ötztal and Timmelsjoch to the west (separating it from the Ötztal Alps), and to the south by tributaries of the Passer River and Eisack.
Lee shore
A  lee shore, sometimes also called a leeward (/ˈljuːərd/ shore, or more commonly /ˈliːwərd/), is a nautical term to describe a stretch of shoreline that is to the lee side of a vessel—meaning the wind is blowing towards land. Its opposite, the shore on the windward side of the vessel, is called the weather or windward shore (/ˈwɪnərd/ or, more commonly, /ˈwɪndwərd/).

Because of the danger of being driven aground on a lee shore it is essential seamanship to treat one with caution.  This is particularly the case with sailing vessels, but a lee shore is an issue for powered vessels as well.

Anchor
An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to secure a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting due to wind or current. The word derives from Latin ancora, which itself comes from the Greek ἄγκυρα (ankȳra).

Anchors can either be temporary or permanent. Permanent anchors are used in the creation of a mooring, and are rarely moved; a specialist service is normally needed to move or maintain them. Vessels carry one or more temporary anchors, which may be of different designs and weights.

A sea anchor is a drag device, not in contact with the seabed, used to minimize drift of a vessel relative to the water. A drogue is a drag device used to slow or help steer a vessel running before a storm in a following or overtaking sea, or when crossing a bar in a breaking sea.
Lutèce (restaurant)
Lutèce was a French restaurant in Manhattan that operated for more than 40 years before closing in early 2004. It once had a satellite restaurant on the Las Vegas Strip.

It was famous for its Alsatian onion tart and a sauteed foie gras with dark chocolate sauce and bitter orange marmalade. In 1972, W magazine referred to it as one of "Les Six, the last bastions of grand luxe dining in New York." The other five were La Grenouille, La Caravelle, La Côte Basque, Lafayette, and Quo Vadis, all of which are now closed.

Quo Vadis (New York restaurant)
Quo Vadis was a fashionable restaurant in New York City located at 26 East 63rd Street near the corner with Madison Avenue. It operated from 1946 until 1984. W magazine referred to it in 1972, as one of "Les Six, the last bastions of grand luxe dining in New York." The other five named were La Grenouille, La Caravelle, La Côte Basque, Lafayette, and Lutèce.
JSON-LD
JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding linked data using JSON and of serializing data similarly to traditional JSON. It is meant to be simple to create by modifying JSON documents.  JSON-LD is a World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation initially developed by the JSON for Linking Data Community Group, transferred to the RDF Working Group for review, improvement and standardization, and now maintained by the JSON-LD Working Group.

Linked data
In computing, linked data is structured data which is associated with ("linked" to) other data. Interlinking makes the data more useful through semantic queries. 
Tim Berners-Lee, director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), coined the term in a 2006 design note about the Semantic Web project.
Part of the vision of linked data is for the Internet to become a global database.

Linked data builds upon standard Web technologies such as HTTP, RDF and URIs, but rather than using them to serve web pages and hyperlinks only for human readers, it extends them to share information in a way that can be read automatically by computers (machine readable).
Linked data may also be open data, in which case it is usually described as Linked Open Data.
Marathon County, Wisconsin
Marathon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 138,013. Its county seat is Wausau. It was founded in 1850, created from a portion of Portage County. At that time the county stretched to the northern border with the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It is named after the battlefield at Marathon, Greece.

Marathon County comprises the Wausau, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Wausau–Stevens Point–Wisconsin Rapids, WI Combined Statistical Area.

Spencer (town), Wisconsin
The Town of Spencer is located in Marathon County, Wisconsin,  United States. It is part of the Wausau, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,581 at the 2010 census. The village of Spencer is located in the northeastern part of the town.The unincorporated community of Mann also is located in the town.
Ayachi Mishra Dih
Ayachi Mishra Dih is a historical site related to the Indian scholar Ayachi Mishra. It is located at Sarisab Pahi village of Madhubani district in Mithila region of Bihar, India. Ayachi Mishra was the scholar of Nyaya school of the Indian philosophy. Ayachi Mishra Dih was the part of the Ancient Mithila University. The historical site is presently maintained by a cultural and religious organisation known as Ayachi Dih Vikas Samiti.

Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.
WOW Gospel 1998
WOW Gospel 1998 is a gospel music compilation album in the WOW series. It was released on January 27, 1998, and is the first WOW album to feature and focus on contemporary gospel in the wake of its growing popularity at the time, thus setting high standard for future releases. It reached chart position 100 on the Billboard 200, and second place on the Billboard Top Gospel Albums chart.

The album was certified as platinum in the US in 1999 by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

WOW series
"WOW" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995. Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual WOW Hits releases are usually double CD sets. The series was officially cancelled in 2019. Throughout its run, the WOW franchise evolved into one of the most successful collections of Christian music.
American Family Insurance
American Family Mutual Insurance Company, also abbreviated as AmFam, is an American private mutual company headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin. It focuses on property, casualty, and auto insurance, and also offers commercial insurance, life, health, and homeowners coverage as well as investment and retirement-planning products. The company is listed in the Fortune 500, with reported revenues of over $9.5 billion in 2017.

Connect (insurance company)
Connect (stylized as CONNECT, powered by American Family Insurance) is an insurance company located in Madison, Wisconsin. Connect provides auto, home, condo, renters, umbrella (personal liability) and specialty products (through an in-house agency). Insurance is underwritten by American Family Connect Property and Casualty Insurance Company (formerly IDS Property Casualty Insurance Company) and American Family Connect Insurance Company (formerly Ameriprise Insurance Company), each a wholly owned subsidiary of American Family Insurance Mutual Holding Company. They also partner with various specialty insurance providers to offer coverage for items such as watercraft, ATVs, recreational vehicles and motorcycles. Connect is an affinity marketer, relying almost entirely on strategic partnerships to reach customers. Partners include Costco Wholesale, and Ameriprise Financial. In 2018, Ameriprise Auto & Home Insurance generated more than $1.1 billion in annual written premium.
1550–1600 in European fashion
Fashion in the period 1550–1600 in European clothing was characterized by increased opulence.  Contrasting fabrics, slashes, embroidery, applied trims, and other forms of surface ornamentation remained prominent. The wide silhouette, conical for women with breadth at the hips and broadly square for men with width at the shoulders had reached its peak in the 1530s, and by mid-century a tall, narrow line with a V-lined waist was back in fashion.  Sleeves and women's skirts then began to widen again, with emphasis at the shoulder that would continue into the next century.  The characteristic garment of the period was the ruff, which began as a modest ruffle attached to the neckband of a shirt or smock and grew into a separate garment of fine linen, trimmed with lace, cutwork or embroidery, and shaped into crisp, precise folds with starch and heated irons.

French hood
French hood is the English name for a type of elite woman's headgear that was popular in Western Europe in roughly the first half of the 16th century.

The French hood is characterized by a rounded shape, contrasted with the angular "English" or gable hood. It is worn over a coif, and has a black veil attached to the back, which fully covers the hair. Unlike the more conservative gable hood, it displays the front part of the hair.

In France it was known as a cape Bretonne ("Breton hood"), after Anne of Brittany, Queen of France from 1491, and also the last reigning Duchess of Brittany. She wears it in portraits, including one in her Grandes Heures of Anne of Brittany of 1503–1508, and her ladies are often also depicted wearing it.

The French hood had a complicated and varied construction, with several layers of fabric, as well as jewels, wire, and perhaps metal bands. No examples survive, so aspects of its construction remain uncertain.
Takasaki
Takasaki (高崎市, Takasaki-shi; [takasakiɕi]) is a city located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 372,369 in 167,345 households, and a population density of 810 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 459.16 square kilometres (177.28 sq mi). Takasaki is famous as the hometown of the Daruma doll, theoretically representing the Buddhist sage Bodhidharma and in modern practice a symbol of good luck. Takasaki has been the largest city in Gunma Prefecture since 1990 after overtaking Maebashi.

Gunma District, Gunma
Gunma (群馬郡, Gunma-gun) was a district located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan.

As of June 30, 2004, the district had an estimated population of 22,303. The total area was 93.59 km2.

Until the day before the dissolution (September 30, 2006), the district had one town.

Haruna
Oreo boycott
Oreo boycott (also known as the Nabisco boycott and Mondelez boycott) is a boycott of the Oreo cookie and other Nabisco-manufactured products, including Chips Ahoy! and Cheese Nips. The boycott was prompted by the Mondelez company's decision to close its American factories and move production to Mexico.

Oreo
Oreo (/ˈɔːrioʊ/ ⓘ; stylized in all caps) is an American brand of sandwich cookie consisting of two cocoa biscuits with a sweet fondant filling. Oreos were introduced in 1912 by Nabisco, and the brand has been owned by Mondelez International since its acquisition of Nabisco in 2012. Oreo cookies are available in more than 100 countries. Many varieties of Oreo cookies have been produced, and limited-edition runs have become popular in the 21st century.

Oreo cookies are an imitation of the Hydrox chocolate cream-centered cookie introduced in 1908, but they outstripped Hydrox in popularity so largely that many believe Hydrox is an imitation of Oreo. Oreo has been the highest-selling cookie brand in the world since 2014.
RAF Swinderby
Royal Air Force Swinderby or more simply RAF Swinderby is a former Royal Air Force station airfield opened in 1940, one of the last of the stations completed under the RAF's expansion plans started in the 1930s. It was built near the village of Swinderby, Lincolnshire just off the south east side of the A46 (the Fosse Way) between Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire and Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England.

The station closed on 17 December 1993.

Swinderby
Swinderby is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England, just north of the A46 road, 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Lincoln and 6 miles (10 km) north-east of Newark. Swinderby lies within a rural agricultural community and covers an area of 2,200 acres (9 km2). The population was 648 (including HM Prison Morton Hall) at the 2011 census.
Yolanda Murphy
Yolanda Murphy (née Bukowska, April 10, 1925 – June 3, 2016) was a Polish-born American cultural anthropologist who was the co-author of classic anthropology text Women of the Forest with her husband, Robert F. Murphy. This text was based on field work done in 1952 among the Mundurucu Indians of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil.

Robert F. Murphy (anthropologist)
Robert Francis Murphy (March 3, 1924 – October 8, 1990) was an American anthropologist and professor of anthropology at Columbia University in New York City, from the early 1960s to 1990. His field work included studies of the Munduruku (Mundurucu) people of the Amazon and the Tuareg people of the Sahara.
Ansan Wa~ Stadium
Ansan Wa~ Stadium (Korean: 안산 와~ 스타디움) is a multi-purpose stadium in Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It's currently served as home stadium for Ansan Greeners FC. The stadium was opened in 2007 and has a capacity of 35,000 people. It is used mostly for football matches and athletics. It is located next to Gojan Station on Seoul Subway Line 4. Also, there are some restaurants at the 1st floor.

While under construction it was known as "Ansan Stadium". After the public subscription during the construction, the formal name "Ansan Wa~ Stadium" was selected. "Wa" means harmonious cheering and the wave notation (~) represents the extension of that sound. 2013 HSBC Asian Five Nations rugby union game was held in the stadium.

Ansan Greeners FC
The Ansan Greeners FC (Korean: 안산 그리너스 FC) are a South Korean professional football club based in Ansan. They compete in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. Founded in 2017, they play their home matches at Ansan Wa~ Stadium.
Pickup (music technology)
A pickup is an electronic device that converts energy from one form to another that captures or senses mechanical vibrations produced by musical instruments, particularly stringed instruments such as the electric guitar, and converts these to an electrical signal that is amplified using an instrument amplifier to produce musical sounds through a loudspeaker in a speaker enclosure. The signal from a pickup can also be recorded directly.

The first electrical string instrument with pickups, the "Frying Pan" slide guitar, was created by George Beauchamp and Adolph Rickenbacker around 1931.

Most electric guitars and electric basses use magnetic pickups. Acoustic guitars, upright basses and fiddles often use a piezo electric pickup.

Microphone
A microphone, colloquially called a mic (/maɪk/), or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in telecommunication, sound recording, broadcasting, and consumer electronics, including telephones, hearing aids, and mobile devices.

Several types of microphone are used today, which employ different methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an electrical signal. The most common are the dynamic microphone, which uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate; and the contact microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material. Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the signal can be recorded or reproduced.
Halley's method
In numerical analysis, Halley's method is a root-finding algorithm used for functions of one real variable with a continuous second derivative. Edmond Halley was an English mathematician and astronomer who introduced the method now called by his name.

The algorithm is second in the class of Householder's methods, after Newton's method. Like the latter, it iteratively produces a sequence of approximations to the root; their rate of convergence to the root is cubic. Multivariate versions of this method exist.

Halley's method exactly finds the roots of a linear-over-linear Padé approximation to the function, in contrast to Newton's method or the Secant method which approximate the function linearly, or Muller's method which approximates the function quadratically.

There is also Halley's irrational method, described below.

Muller's method
Muller's method is a root-finding algorithm, a numerical method for solving equations of the form f(x) = 0. It was first presented by David E. Muller in 1956.

Muller's method proceeds according to a third-order recurrence relation similar to the second-order recurrence relation of the secant method. Whereas the secant method proceeds by constructing a line through two points on the graph of f corresponding to the last two iterative approximations and then uses the line's root as the next approximation at every iteration, by contrast, Muller's method uses three points corresponding to the last three iterative approximations, constructs a parabola through these three points, and then uses a root of the parabola as the next approximation at every iteration.
British Rail Class 508
The British Rail Class 508 (4PER) electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger trains were built by British Rail Engineering Limited, at Holgate Road carriage works, York, in 1979 and 1980. They were a variant of British Rail's standard 1972 design for suburban EMUs, eventually encompassing 755 vehicles and five classes (313/314/315/507/508). They mostly worked on the Merseyrail network from 1982 until withdrawal on 16 January 2024.

Merseyrail
Merseyrail is a commuter rail network which serves the Liverpool City Region, and the surrounding areas, in the North West of England. Since 2003, the network has been run as a concession, held by Serco and Transport UK Group.

It was established in 1977, when existing railway lines were connected by constructing new tunnels under Liverpool City Centre and Birkenhead. The network has since been expanded, with new stations built, and electrification of existing lines. Today, Merseyrail serves 69 stations, 67 of which it manages, across two lines – the Northern line and the Wirral line. The network uses 750 V DC third rail electrified lines having 76 miles (122 km) of routes, of which 6.5 miles (10.5 km) are underground. The network uses the Class 777 trains based on the Stadler METRO platform. The network carried 28.3 million passengers in 2023/2024.