hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marine Wing Liaison Kadena
Marine Wing Liaison Kadena (MWLK) is a United States Marine Corps logistics and liaison unit based at Kadena Air Base on Okinawa, Japan. They fall under 1st Marine Aircraft Wing and III Marine Expeditionary Force

Kadena Air Base
Kadena Air Base (嘉手納飛行場, Kadena Hikōjō) (IATA: DNA, ICAO: RODN) is a United States Air Force base in the towns of Kadena and Chatan and the city of Okinawa, in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is often referred to as the "Keystone of the Pacific" because of its highly strategic location. It is located 650 km (400 mi) off the coast of China and at a distance of 770 km (480 mi) from Shanghai, a major Chinese economic hub. It is home to the USAF's 18th Wing, the 353rd Special Operations Wing, reconnaissance units, 1st Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, and a variety of associated units. Over 20,000 American servicemembers, family members, and Japanese employees live or work at Kadena Air Base. It is the largest and most active U.S. Air Force base in East Asia.
Segrate
Segrate (Milanese: Segraa [seˈɡraː]) is a town and comune (municipality) located in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region of Northern Italy.

An eastern suburb of Milan, in its area lies the airport of Milan Linate, the lake Idroscalo, the fair center of Novegro and the famous residential area Milano Due. Europark Idroscalo Milano (originally Lunapark Milano) is a popular amusement park that has been in existence since 1965.

Although it is a small town, Segrate hosts large structures such as the CILEA Interuniversity Consortium, among the most advanced supercomputing centers in Europe, and the San Raffaele Hospital. Segrate received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 23 June 1989.

Idroscalo
The Idroscalo is an artificial lake in Milan, Italy that was originally constructed as a seaplane airport. It opened on 28 October 1930, in the heyday of seaplanes. When the use of seaplanes for passenger transport declined it became a recreational and sport facility. The first official rowing event was held in 1934 while Idroscalo was still an airport.

The lake is 2,600 m (8,500 ft) long and was constructed in the late 1920s. Its width ranges from 250 m (820 ft) to 400 m (1,300 ft) and depth from 3 m (9.8 ft) to 5 m (16 ft). It is situated between the municipalities of Segrate and Peschiera Borromeo, just within Milan's city limits and near Linate Airport.
Sisland
Sisland, historically Sislanda, is a very small village, manor and parish in the county of Norfolk, England, about a mile west of Loddon. In the 2001 census, the population was 44 in 16 households. The parish covers an area of 1.90 km2 (0.73 sq mi), and is approximately 9.3 miles (15.0 km) southeast of Norwich and 12.7 miles (20.4 km) west of Great Yarmouth. For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of South Norfolk, however Sisland does have its own Parish Council. The village contains only one heritage-listed building, that being St Mary's Church, which is Grade II*.

South Norfolk
South Norfolk is a local government district in Norfolk, England. The largest town is Wymondham, and the district also includes the towns of Costessey, Diss, Harleston, Hingham, Loddon and Long Stratton. The council was based in Long Stratton until 2023 when it moved to the Broadland Business Park near Norwich, in the neighbouring Broadland district, as part of a shared facility with Broadland District Council. Some of the district's urban areas (including Costessey) form part of the Norwich built-up area. The district also includes numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some eastern parts of the district lie within The Broads.

The neighbouring districts are Breckland, Broadland, Norwich, Great Yarmouth, East Suffolk and Mid Suffolk.
Franciszek Starowieyski
Franciszek Andrzej Bobola Biberstein-Starowieyski (8 July 1930 in Bratkówka – 23 February 2009 in Warsaw) was a Polish artist. From 1949 to 1955, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków and Warsaw. He specialized in poster, drawing, painting, stage designing, and book illustration. He was a member of Alliance Graphique International (AGI). Throughout his career his style deviated from the socialist realism that was prevalent during the start of his career and the popular, brightly colored Cyrk posters; however he did create one Cyrk poster Homage to Picasso in 1966.

He was the first Polish artist to have a one-man show at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, in 1986.

Cyrk (art)
Cyrk are a style of contemporary Polish circus posters, which emerged in 1962 as a genre of the Polish School of Posters. They are characterized by their display of aesthetic qualities such as painterly gestures, linear design, hand-lettering, metaphors, humor, and vibrant colors.  Usually based on a single theme and meant to be advertisements; they were created in an attempt to interest the passerby in the upcoming circus.
Several Polish painters contributed to establishing the art style, among them Henryk Tomaszewski.
Symphytum grandiflorum
Symphytum grandiflorum, the creeping comfrey, or running comfrey is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae. It is native to the Caucasus region, and introduced to various locales in Europe as a garden escapee. A deer-tolerant perennial, it is hardy in USDA zones 5 through 8, and is recommended for borders and shady situations. The unimproved species and a number of cultivars are commercially available. Also, it has been crossed with Russian comfrey (Symphytum × uplandicum) to produce the multi-cross hybrid Hidcote comfrey (Symphytum × hidcotense, named after the Hidcote Manor Garden)), of which a range of ornamental cultivars are available.

The official first formal scientific species description was published in 1846 by the Swiss botanist Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle (1806–1893). The specific epithet grandiflorum means "with large flowers".

Symphytum × uplandicum
Russian comfrey or Quaker comfrey (Symphytum × uplandicum, syn. S. peregrinum auct.) is a common hybrid between Symphytum officinale and S. asperum. It represents the economically most important kind of comfrey.

It occurs naturally in Caucasus region where it grows in waste areas and disturbed soils. It has been introduced as a crop in many places around the world. and is widespread in the British Isles and interbreeds with S. officinale.
South African Class 12A 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 12A 4-8-2 of 1919 was a steam locomotive.

Between 1919 and 1929, the South African Railways placed 67 Class 12A steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. Between 1947 and 1953, eight were also built for industrial use.

South African type MR tender
The South African type MR tender was a steam locomotive tender.

Type MR tenders were rebuilt from Type MP1 tenders, which had entered service between 1912 and 1920. The rebuilding resulted in a tender with a larger water tank, but the same coal capacity.
Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa, having the common name Asian cultivated rice, is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago.

Oryza sativa belongs to the genus Oryza and the BOP clade in the grass family Poaceae. With a genome consisting of 430 Mbp across 12 chromosomes, it is renowned for being easy to genetically modify and is a model organism for the study of the biology of cereals and monocots.

Genetically modified rice
Genetically modified rice are rice strains that have been genetically modified (also called genetic engineering). Rice plants have been modified to increase micronutrients such as vitamin A, accelerate photosynthesis, tolerate herbicides, resist pests, increase grain size, generate nutrients, flavors or produce human proteins.

The natural movement of genes across species, often called horizontal gene transfer or lateral gene transfer, can also occur with rice through gene transfer mediated by natural vectors. Transgenic events between rice and Setaria millet have been identified. The cultivation and use of genetically modified varieties of rice remains controversial and is not approved in some countries.
Darktown
Darktown was an African-American neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia. It stretched from Peachtree Street and Collins Street (now Courtland Street), past Butler Ave. (now Jesse Hill Jr. Ave.) to Jackson Street. It referred to the blocks above Auburn Avenue in what is now Downtown Atlanta and the Sweet Auburn neighborhood. Darktown was characterized in the 1930s as a "hell-hole of squalor, degradation, sickness, crime and misery".

It is the setting for Thomas Mullen's 2016 novel Darktown.

The term "darktown" was also used generically in Atlanta and the rest of the South to refer to African-American districts. Currier and Ives produced a series of popular racist-caricature lithographs under the title Darktown Comics, ostensibly set in a Black town.

It is used as such in the title of the famous song "Darktown Strutters' Ball"  and 1899 Charles Hale song At a Darktown Cakewalk.

Darktown (novel)
Darktown, published in 2016, is the fourth novel by American author Thomas Mullen. Its first sequel, Lightning Men, was published in September 2017. In 2020 Midnight Atlanta, the second sequel, was published.

This novel, based in 1948 Atlanta, blends elements of historical fiction and crime fiction to tell the story of Lucius Boggs and Tommy Smith, fictional characters who serve as two of Atlanta's first eight African-American police officers. The pair is tasked with investigating the murder of a young African-American woman and the injustices surrounding her murder, despite the many obstacles and restrictions placed upon them.
Erimi
Erimi (Greek: Ερήμη) is a village and a municipal district of the Kourion Municipality, lying partly in the Limassol District of Cyprus and partly in the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia. It has a population of 3,159 according to the 2021 census.

Close to Erimi is the village of Kolossi, which is where one can find the castle of Kolossi.

Kolossi
Kolossi (Greek: Κολόσσι [locally [koˈlosːi]]) is a village and municipal district of the Kourion Municipality on the outskirts of Limassol, Cyprus. It lies partly in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia. Its population in 2021 was 6,482.
Steven T. Seagle
Steven T. Seagle is an American writer who works in the comic book, television, film, live theater, video game and animation industries.

He is best known for his graphic novel memoir It's a Bird... (Vertigo, May 2004), and as part of his Man of Action Studios (with Duncan Rouleau, Joe Casey and Joe Kelly) which created the animated Cartoon Network series Ben 10.

Seagle is also a founding member of Speak Theater Arts, creators of live stage productions, and is a former college instructor having taught at Ball State University, Pasadena City College and Mt. San Antonio College, where he also served as a coach for the Forensics team during many of their national championship seasons.

House of Secrets (Vertigo)
House of Secrets is an occult and horror-themed comic book series written by Steven T. Seagle. The art is by Teddy Kristiansen, with occasional assistance by Christian Højgaard, and guest artists Guy Davis, Duncan Fegredo and the Pander Brothers. It debuted in October 1996, published by the Vertigo imprint of American company DC Comics and ran for 25 issues, followed by a two-issue miniseries called House of Secrets: Facade by the same creative team in 2001.

Although its title is based on the House of Secrets series that ran from 1956 to 1976, it is an otherwise unrelated series.
Clevedon Town Hall
Clevedon Town Hall is a municipal building in Old Street in Clevedon, a town in Somerset in England. The building, which was commissioned as a primary school but currently accommodates the offices and meeting place of Clevedon Town Council, is a Grade II listed building.

Clevedon
Clevedon (/ˈkliːvdən/, KLEEV-dən) is a seaside town and civil parish in the unitary authority of North Somerset, England. It lies along the Severn Estuary, among small hills that include Church Hill, Wain's Hill (topped by the remains of an Iron Age hillfort), Dial Hill, Strawberry Hill, Castle Hill, Hangstone Hill and Court Hill, a Site of Special Scientific Interest with overlaid Pleistocene deposits. It is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086. Clevedon grew in the Victorian period as a seaside resort, and had a population of 21,398 at the 2021 census.
Russification of Finland
The policy of Russification of Finland was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at limiting the special status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and possibly the termination of its political autonomy and cultural uniqueness in 1899–1905 and in 1908–1917, fully integrating Finland to the Russian Empire. It was a part of a larger policy of Russification pursued by late 19th–early 20th century Russian governments which tried to abolish cultural and administrative autonomy of non-Russian minorities within the empire.

The two Russification campaigns evoked widespread Finnish resistance, starting with petitions and escalating to strikes, passive resistance (including draft resistance) and eventually active resistance. Finnish opposition to Russification was one of the main factors that ultimately led to Finland's declaration of independence in 1917.

Great Petition
The Great Petition (Finnish: Suuri adressi, Swedish: Stora adressen) was a document produced in the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1899, during the first period of the Russification of Finland. It petitioned the Grand Duke of Finland, Tsar Nicholas II to reconsider his February Manifesto issued earlier in the same year. University students went from village to village to collect more than half a million signatures, roughly one fifth of the Finnish population at the time, within eleven days.

When the delegation, consisting of 500 men all around Finland, delivering the petition arrived in St Petersburg, the tsar declined to see it. Thus, it failed to have any effect.
Halifax West (provincial electoral district)
Halifax West was a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elected one member to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. It was formed in 1933 when Halifax County was divided into five distinct electoral districts. In 1955, the district of Halifax Northwest was created from a portion of Halifax West. Following a name change in 1966 to Halifax County West, the district was redistributed entirely to create the current district of Halifax-St. Margaret's in 1967.

Halifax (provincial electoral district)
Halifax was a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elected three, and then five members to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. It existed from 1867 to 1933, at which point Halifax County was divided into five separate electoral districts: Halifax South, Halifax Centre, Halifax North, Halifax East, and Halifax West.
International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
The International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties (IMCWP), also known as Solidnet, is an annual conference attended by communist and workers' parties from several countries. It originated in 1998 when the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) invited communist and workers' parties to participate in an annual conference where parties could gather to share their experiences and issue a joint declaration. The most recent and 23rd meeting of the IMCWP was held in October 2023 in İzmir and was hosted by the Communist Party of Turkey (TKP). The 24th meeting was scheduled to be held in Lebanon, hosted by the Lebanese Communist Party (LCP) between 25–27 October 2024, but was postponed due to the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.

Communist Party of Belarus
The Communist Party of Belarus (CPB or KPB; Russian: Коммунисти́ческая па́ртия Белару́си, romanized: Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Belarusi; Belarusian: Камуністы́чная па́ртыя Белару́сі, romanized: Kamunistyčnaja Partyja Bielarusi) is a communist and Marxist–Leninist political party in Belarus. The party was created in 1996 and supports the government of president Alexander Lukashenko. The leader of the party is Sergei Syrankov. The party has historically held more seats in the National Assembly of Belarus than any other party since the 2000 Belarusian parliamentary election, the first national election it participated in. However, until 2024, most seats in the Belarusian legislature were held by independent politicians.
Columbia Center for Oral History Research
Located within Butler Library, the Columbia University Center for Oral History Research is the oldest oral history program. Pulitzer Prize winner Allan Nevins founded the program in 1948.  There is an extensive list of projects belonging to the center, both current and completed. Currently the office holds 8,000 taped memoirs and 1,000,000 pages of transcripts.

Butler Library
Butler Library is located on the Morningside Heights campus of Columbia University at 535 West 114th Street, in Manhattan, New York City. It is the university's largest single library with over 2 million volumes, as well as one of the largest buildings on the campus. It houses the Columbia University Libraries collections in the humanities, history, social sciences, literature, philosophy, and religion, and the Columbia Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

The Neoclassical style building was built in 1931–1934 to a design by James Gamble Rogers. Butler Library remains at least partially open 24 hours a day during the academic year.: 1–2
Yir-Yoront language
Yir-Yoront was a Paman language spoken in two settlements, Kowanyama and Pormpuraaw on the southwestern part of the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland in Australia, by the Yir-Yoront people. In 1991 only 15 speakers remained, with the rest of the Yir-Yoront people speaking English or even Kuuk Thaayorre as many speakers of Yir-Yoront apparently are using Kuuk Thaayorre in daily conversation. At present it is thought to be extinct. There are two sister dialects, Yir-Yoront proper and Yirrk-Thangalkl, which are very close. The shared name Yir is sometimes used for both taken together.

Paman languages
The Paman languages are an Australian language family spoken on Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. First noted by Kenneth Hale, Paman is noteworthy for the profound phonological changes which have affected some of its descendants.
Hexham Abbey
Hexham Abbey is a Grade I listed church dedicated to St Andrew, in the town of Hexham, Northumberland, in the North East of England. Originally built in AD 674, the Abbey was built up during the 12th century into its current form, with additions around the turn of the 20th century. Since the dissolution of the monasteries in 1537, the Abbey has been the parish church of Hexham. In 2014 the Abbey regained ownership of its former monastic buildings, which had been used as Hexham magistrates' court, and subsequently developed them into a permanent exhibition and visitor centre, telling the story of the Abbey's history.

Alchmund of Hexham
Alcmund of Hexham (died 7 September 780 or 781) became the 7th bishop of the see of Hexham in Northumberland when he was consecrated on 24 April 767; the see was centred on the church there founded by Wilfrid.

Alcmund died on 7 September 780 or 781 and was buried beside Acca outside the church. Virtually nothing is now known of his life, but he was apparently deeply venerated as one of the Hexham saints.
Squall line
A squall line, or quasi-linear convective system (QLCS), is a line of thunderstorms, often forming along or ahead of a cold front. In the early 20th century, the term was used as a synonym for cold front (which often are accompanied by abrupt and gusty wind shifts). Linear thunderstorm structures often contain heavy precipitation, hail, frequent lightning, strong straight-line winds, and occasionally tornadoes or waterspouts. Particularly strong straight-line winds can occur where the linear structure forms into the shape of a bow echo. Tornadoes can occur along waves within a line echo wave pattern (LEWP), where mesoscale low-pressure areas are present. Some bow echoes can grow to become derechos as they move swiftly across a large area. On the back edge of the rainband associated with mature squall lines, a wake low can be present, on very rare occasions associated with a heat burst.

Cold front
A cold front is the leading edge of a cooler mass of air at ground level that replaces a warmer mass of air and lies within a pronounced surface trough of low pressure. It often forms behind an extratropical cyclone (to the west in the Northern Hemisphere, to the east in the Southern), at the leading edge of its cold air advection pattern—known as the cyclone's dry "conveyor belt" flow. Temperature differences across the boundary can exceed 30 °C (54 °F) from one side to the other. When enough moisture is present, rain can occur along the boundary. If there is significant instability along the boundary, a narrow line of thunderstorms can form along the frontal zone. If instability is weak, a broad shield of rain can move in behind the front, and evaporative cooling of the rain can increase the temperature difference across the front. Cold fronts are stronger in the fall and spring transition seasons and are weakest during the summer.
Margarita Betova
Margarita Melikovna Betova (née Gasparyan; Russian: Маргари́та Ме́ликовна Гаспаря́н, IPA: [mərɡɐˈrʲitə ɡəspɐˈrʲan] ⓘ, Armenian: Մարգարիտա Մելիքի Գասպարյան; born 1 September 1994) is a Russian inactive tennis player.

Betova has won two singles and four doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as nine singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 15 February 2016, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 41, and on 6 June 2016, she reached her best doubles ranking of No. 25.

In 2015, she won both her first singles and doubles titles during the same week, a feat she achieved at the Baku Cup.

Russia Billie Jean King Cup team
The Russia Billie Jean King Cup team represented Russia in Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Russian Tennis Federation. They compete in the World Group. Following the 2020 ban of Russia by  the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), it competed and won the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup under the RTF flag and name. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Tennis Federation suspended Russia from Billie Jean King Cup competitions.

From 1968 until 1991, the team represented the Soviet Union. With the dissolution of that country, it started to represent the Commonwealth of Independent States in 1992 until 1995, when it started to represent the Russian Federation.
Copyright Act 1842
The Copyright Act 1842 (5 & 6 Vict. c. 45) was an Act of Parliament (United Kingdom) of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which received royal assent on 1 July 1842 and was repealed in 1911. It revised and consolidated the copyright law of the United Kingdom.

It was one of the Copyright Acts 1734 to 1888.

Copyright law of the United Kingdom
Under the law of the United Kingdom, a copyright is an intangible property right subsisting in certain qualifying subject matter. Copyright law is governed by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (the 1988 Act), as amended from time to time. As a result of increasing legal integration and harmonisation throughout the European Union a complete picture of the law can only be acquired through recourse to EU jurisprudence, although this is likely to change by the expiration of the Brexit transition period on 31 December 2020, the UK has left the EU on 31 January 2020. On 12 September 2018, the European Parliament approved new copyright rules to help secure the rights of writers and musicians.