hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aleksandr Sukhovo-Kobylin
Aleksandr Vasilyevich Sukhovo-Kobylin (Russian: Александр Васильевич Сухово-Кобылин) (September 29  [O.S. September 17] 1817, Moscow – March 24 [O.S. March 11] 1903, Beaulieu-sur-Mer, France) was a Russian philosopher and playwright, chiefly known for his satirical plays criticizing Russian imperial bureaucracy. His sister Evgenia Tur was a popular novelist, critic and journalist and his sister Sofia was a painter of some note.

Krechinsky's Wedding
Krechinsky's Wedding (Russian: Свадьба Кречинского) is a three-act comedy written by Aleksandr Sukhovo-Kobylin in 1854, based on a rumor in Moscow society about a card sharp who received a large sum of money from a usurer by pawning a false diamond. The author wrote parts of the play in prison while under suspicion for the murder of his mistress. The comedy the first play in a dramatic trilogy Pictures of the Past (Картины прошедшего), which also includes The Trial (Дело) and Tarelkin's Death (Смерть Тарелкина). The play was first published in 1856 in volume 57, issue 5 of the journal The Contemporary.
Johann Friedrich Herbart
Johann Friedrich Herbart (German: [ˈhɛʁbaʁt]; 4 May 1776 – 14 August 1841) was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline.

Herbart is now remembered amongst the post-Kantian philosophers mostly as making the greatest contrast to Hegel—in particular in relation to aesthetics. His educational philosophy is known as Herbartianism.

Catherine Isabella Dodd
Catherine Isabella or Isabel Dodd (8 April 1860 – 13 November 1932) was an English academic, novelist and education writer. In 1892 she became the first woman on the academic staff of Victoria University of Manchester, as a lecturer in education.
Friendship (Stevensville, Maryland)
Friendship is a historic home located at Stevensville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland.  It is a 1+1⁄2-story dwelling of Flemish bond brick construction and was built in two stages, both dating to the 18th century. The earliest section is traditionally believed to date to the 1740s. Also on the property is a frame smoke house and dairy.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Stevensville, Maryland
Stevensville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States, and is the county's most populous place among both CDPs and municipalities. The community is the eastern terminus of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. The Stevensville Historic District is one of two registered historic districts in the county, the other being the Centreville Historic District.
Loveland High School (Ohio)
Loveland High School is a public high school located in Loveland, Ohio, United States, within Hamilton County.  It is the only high school in the Loveland City School District, serving the communities of Loveland, Symmes Township, Goshen Township, and Miami Township. It offers a range of educational programs, including college preparatory and vocational.

Loveland City School District
39°15′49″N 84°17′5″W﻿ / ﻿39.26361°N 84.28472°W﻿ / 39.26361; -84.28472

The Loveland City School District, known locally as Loveland City Schools, is a city school district that covers more than 15 square miles (39 km2) in three counties — Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren — in the U.S. state of Ohio. The district encompasses the city of Loveland and reaches into Goshen, Hamilton, Miami, and Symmes Townships. Loveland Schools serves a population of 50,000 residents, including the city of Loveland. Fewer than 40% of students reside in the city proper. Loveland Schools' current student enrollment is 4,200 in six schools for the 2022-23 school year. Until May 2013, the district superintendent was Chad Hilliker. Dr. Amy Crouse succeeded Hilliker as superintendent of the school district starting May 1, 2017, until her resignation in December 2020 following a failed school funding levy.  Mike Broadwater has served as superintendent since August 2021.
National Route 243 (Costa Rica)
National Secondary Route 243, or just Route 243 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Secundaria 243, or Ruta 243) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the San José, Puntarenas provinces. It connects Route 2 and Route 34.

National Route 34 (Costa Rica)
National Primary Route 34, official name Carretera Pacífica Fernández Oreamuno (after Pacífica Fernández Oreamuno), and popularly known as Carretera Costanera Sur (South Coastal Drive), or just Route 34 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Primaria 34, or Ruta 34), is a National Road Route and scenic route of Costa Rica, located in the Alajuela, Puntarenas provinces that connects Route 27 and Route 2 mostly along the central and south Pacific coast of the country, and is the recommended route over the Pan-American Highway when traveling between the south of the country to the Greater Metropolitan Area.
Isnello
Isnello (Sicilian: Isneḍḍu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region of Sicily, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Palermo.

Isnello borders the following municipalities: Castelbuono, Cefalù, Collesano, Gratteri, Petralia Sottana, Polizzi Generosa, Scillato.

Former New York City mayor Vincent R. Impellitteri was born in Isnello in 1900.

Petralia Sottana
Petralia Sottana (Sicilian: Pitralìa Suttana) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, in the island of Sicily, Southern Italy. The main characters in Emanuele Crialese's 2006 film of Sicilian immigration to America, Nuovomondo, come from the town of Petralia.
Alta cappella
An alta cappella or alta musica (Italian), haute musique (French) or just alta was a kind of town wind band found throughout continental Europe from the thirteenth to the eighteenth centuries, which typically consisted of shawms and slide trumpets or sackbuts. Waits is the British equivalent. These were not found anywhere outside of Europe.

Wait (musician)
From medieval times up to the early 19th century, every British town and city of any note had a band of waites (modern spelling waits or waitts). Their duties varied from time to time and place to place, but included playing their instruments through the town at night, waking the townsfolk on dark winter mornings by playing under their windows, welcoming royal visitors by playing at the town gates, and leading the mayor's procession on civic occasions. These musical bands were often attired in colourful liveries and in some cases wore silver chains.

Most continental European countries had their equivalents of waits. In Holland they were called stadspijpers, in Germany Stadtpfeifer and in Italy pifferi (see Alta cappella).
Collits' Inn (musical)
Collits' Inn is an Australian musical play with music by Varney Monk. Its first staging was in December 1932 at the Savoy Theatre in Sydney. The 1933 Melbourne production at the Princess Theatre was the first fully professional production, presented by F. W. Thring and starring Gladys Moncrieff, George Wallace, Claude Flemming and Campbell Copelin. Wallace's role was created especially for him. It is generally considered the first commercially successful Australian musical, and it was praised by the Sydney Morning Herald as "an Australian opera".

The text was published by Currency Press in 1990.

Collits' Inn
Collits' Inn is a heritage-listed former inn and now functions, accommodation and restaurant at Hartley Vale Road, Hartley Vale in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Pierce Collits and built in 1823. It is also known as Collitts Inn and Golden Fleece Inn. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Lillian Ngoyi-class patrol vessel
South Africa operates three Lillian Ngoyi-class environmental patrol vessels,
based on the Damen Stan 4708 design.
The vessels are named Lillian Ngoyi, Ruth First and Victoria Mxenge.

The vessels were constructed in South Africa by Farocean Marine.
The United States Coast Guard later decided to acquire up to 58 Sentinel-class 154 ft (47 m) fast response cutters (FRC), also based on the Damen Stan patrol vessel 4708 design, citing the success of the South African vessels.

Lillian Ngoyi (patrol vessel)
Lillian Ngoyi is the lead vessel in the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries's Lillian Ngoyi-class inshore patrol vessels. She was built in South Africa by Farocean Marine based on the Damen Stan patrol vessel 4708 design. As well as fishery protection duties, the vessel is equipped for cleaning up oil spills, search-and-rescue work, fire fighting, and limited towing. The ship will operate up to 200 nautical miles offshore.

Within months of her commissioning, the South African government reported successful anti-poaching operations.

Like her sister ships, Ruth First and Victoria Mxenge she is named in honor of an anti-apartheid activist — Lillian Ngoyi.
Tim Berresheim
Tim Berresheim (born 1975, Heinsberg, Germany) is a contemporary German visual artist who lives and works in Cologne. 
He studied at the Hochschule der Bildenden Künste in Braunschweig from 1998 to 2000 and the Kunstakademie in Düsseldorf in 2000.  
He studied under the director, actor, and screenwriter Burkhard Driest and the German artist Albert Oehlen.

Besides making visual art, Berresheim also makes music with fellow established contemporary German artist, Jonathan Meese.

Jonathan Meese
Jonathan Meese (born January 23, 1970, in Tokyo) is a German painter, sculptor, performance artist, and installation artist based in Berlin and Hamburg. Meese's (often multi-media) works include paintings, collages, drawings and writing. He also designs theater sets and wrote and starred in a play, De Frau: Dr. Poundaddylein - Dr. Ezodysseusszeusuzur in 2007 at the Volksbühne Theater. He is mainly concerned with personalities of world history, primordial myths and heroes. Jonathan Meese lives and works in Ahrensburg and Berlin.
St Joseph Church, Roehampton
St Joseph's Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Roehampton in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It was founded by the Jesuits in 1869 and designed by Frederick Walters. It is situated on the corner of Roehampton Lane and Medfield Street.

Roehampton
Roehampton is an area in southwest London, sharing its SW15 postcode with neighbouring Putney and Kingston Vale, and takes up a far western strip, running north to south, in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It contains a number of large council house estates and is home to the University of Roehampton.
Turmequé
Turmequé is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Márquez Province. Turmequé is located at 105 kilometres (65 mi) northeast from the capital Bogotá. The municipality borders Ventaquemada in the west, in the east Úmbita, in the north Nuevo Colón and in the south the municipality Villapinzón of the department of Cundinamarca.

Úmbita
Úmbita is a town and municipality in the Márquez Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Úmbita is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 70 kilometres (43 mi) from department capital Tunja and borders Nuevo Colón and Tibaná in the north, Chinavita in the east, La Capilla and Tibiritá (Cundinamarca) in the south and in the west Villapinzón (Cundinamarca) and Turmequé. The altitude within the municipality ranges from 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) to 3,400 metres (11,200 ft).
GWR Charles Tayleur locomotives
The first 19 locomotives ordered by Isambard Kingdom Brunel for the Great Western Railway included six 2-2-2 Charles Tayleur locomotives. They were built by Charles Tayleur and Company, which became later the Vulcan Foundry. The locomotives were unsuccessful and rapidly supplemented by the Star Class locomotives ordered by Daniel Gooch once he had been appointed as the Locomotive Engineer. As built, they comprised two groups of three: the first group, delivered in 1837, had cylinders having a bore of 14 inches (360 mm) and the second group, delivered in 1838, had cylinders having a bore of 12 inches (300 mm); all had a stroke of 16 inches (410 mm).

2-2-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-2-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, two powered driving wheels on one axle, and two trailing wheels on one axle. The wheel arrangement both provided more stability and enabled a larger firebox than the earlier 0-2-2 and 2-2-0 types. This wheel arrangement is sometimes described as a Single, although this name could be used to describe any kind of locomotive with a single pair of driving wheels.
Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) was a NASA satellite that observed the time variation of astronomical X-ray sources, named after physicist Bruno Rossi. The RXTE had three instruments — an All-Sky Monitor, the High-Energy X-ray Timing Experiment (HEXTE) and the Proportional Counter Array. The RXTE observed X-rays from black holes, neutron stars, X-ray pulsars and X-ray bursts. It was funded as part of the Explorer program and was also called Explorer 69.

RXTE had a mass of 3,200 kg (7,100 lb) and was launched from Cape Canaveral on 30 December 1995, at 13:48:00 UTC, on a Delta II launch vehicle. Its International Designator is 1995-074A.

Explorers Program
The Explorers Program is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the United States to achieve orbit. Over 90 space missions have been launched since. Starting with Explorer 6, it has been operated by NASA, with regular collaboration with a variety of other institutions, including many international partners.

Launchers for the Explorers Program have included Juno I, Juno II, various Thor, Scout, Delta and Pegasus launch vehicles, and Falcon 9.

The program has three classes: Medium-Class Explorers (MIDEX), Small Explorers (SMEX), and University-Class Explorers (UNEX), with select Missions of Opportunity operated with other agencies.
Dorset Square
Dorset Square is a garden square in Marylebone, London.  All buildings fronting it are terraced houses and listed, in the mainstream (initial) category. It takes up the site of Lord's (MCC's) Old Cricket Ground, which lasted 23 years until the 1811 season.  Internally it spans 100,000 square feet (9,290 m2).

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Ticino (river)
The river Ticino (/tɪˈtʃiːnoʊ/ tih-CHEE-noh, Italian: [tiˈtʃiːno]; Lombard: Tesin; French and German: Tessin; Latin: Ticīnus) is the most important perennial left-bank tributary of the Po. It has given its name to the Swiss canton through which its upper portion flows.

It is one of the four major rivers taking their source in the Gotthard region, along with the Rhône, Reuss and Rhine.
The river rises in the Val Bedretto in Switzerland at the frontier between the cantons of Valais and Ticino right below the Nufenen Pass, is fed by the glaciers of the Alps and later flows through Lake Maggiore, which traverses the border to Italy. The Ticino joins the Po a few kilometres downstream (along the Ticino) from Pavia. It is about 248 kilometres (154 mi) long. The stretch of river between Lake Maggiore and the confluence in the Po is included in the Parco naturale lombardo della Valle del Ticino, a Nature reserve included by UNESCO in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.

Reuss (river)
The Reuss (Swiss Standard German: [ˈrɔʏs]; Swiss German: Rüüss) is a river in Switzerland. With a length of 164 kilometres (102 mi) and a drainage basin of 3,426 square kilometres (1,323 sq mi), it is the fourth largest river in Switzerland (after the Rhine, Aare and Rhône). The upper Reuss forms the main valley of the canton of Uri. The course of the lower Reuss runs from Lake Lucerne to the confluence with the Aare at Brugg and Windisch.

The Reuss is one of the four major rivers taking their source in the Gotthard region, along with the Rhine, Ticino and Rhône.
Mary of Lusignan, Queen of Naples
Mary of Lusignan (1381 - 4 September 1404) was a Queen consort of Naples, married to King Ladislaus of Naples.

She was born in Genoa. Mary was a daughter of James I of Cyprus and his Queen consort Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

On 12 February 1403, Mary married Ladislaus of Naples. He had divorced his previous wife, Constance of Clermont, in 1392 while struggling for the throne against Louis II of Naples. He had no legitimate heirs of his own.

Mary died childless in Naples the following year. Ladislaus went on to marry Mary of Enghien.

James I of Cyprus
James I (French: Jacques de Lusignan; 1334 – September 9, 1398) was the youngest son of King Hugh IV of Cyprus and by 1369 held the title "Constable of Jerusalem." When his nephew Peter II died in 1382, he became King of Cyprus. James was also crowned King of Jerusalem in 1389 and assumed the title of  King of Armenia in 1393, which was formally given to him in 1396.

James was the third son of Hugh IV of Cyprus and his second wife, Alix of Ibelin. His older half-brother was Guy, Prince of Galilee (1320–43), and his two brothers were Peter I, King of Cyprus (1328–1369), and John of Lusignan, Prince of Antioch (1329–1375). Before becoming king, James had other offices and was known for his resistance against the Genoese invasion of Cyprus.
Zhàng
The zhàng (Chinese: 丈) is a customary Chinese unit of length equal to 10 chi (Chinese feet). Its value varied over time and place with different values of the chi, although it was occasionally standardized. In 1915, the Republic of China set it equal to about 3.2 meters or 3.50 yards. In 1930, this was revised to an exact value of 3⅓ meters (about 3.645 yd).

It is not commonly used in mainland China today but appears in traditional Chinese architecture, where it was commonly used to measure bays.

In Japanese units of measurement, the jō (丈) is equivalent to ten shaku, or 3.03 meters.

Shaku (unit)
The shaku (Japanese: 尺) or Japanese foot is a Japanese unit of length derived (but varying) from the Chinese chi, originally based upon the distance measured by a human hand from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the forefinger (compare span). Traditionally, the length varied by location or use, but it is now standardized as 10/33 m, or approximately 30.3 centimeters (11.9 in).
Ogasawara, Tokyo
Ogasawara Village (小笠原村, Ogasawara-mura) is a village in Ogasawara Subprefecture, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan, that governs the Bonin Islands, Volcano Islands, and three remote islands (Nishinoshima, Minamitorishima and Okinotorishima).

North Iwo Jima
North Iwo Jima (Japanese: 北硫黄島, Kita Iwōjima, "North Sulfur Island"), officially North or Kita Iōtō (written with the same characters) and previously known as Santo or San Alessandro, Hooge Meeuwen Island (Dutch: t'Hooge Meuwen Eylandt, "High Seagull Island"), and North Sulfur Island, is the northernmost member of Japan's Volcano Islands. Together with the Bonin Islands, the Volcanos form the Ogasawara Archipelago and Ogasawara Subprefecture. Along with the Bonins and Izu Islands, they form the Nanpo Islands, formally organized as part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. North Iwo Jima is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) north of Iwo Jima, 207 kilometers (129 mi) SSW of Chichijima in the Bonins, and 1,170 kilometers (730 mi) south of Tokyo on Honshu. Previously inhabited by two Japanese villages from 1898 to 1944, it has become a desert island.
Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Anarchy, State, and Utopia is a 1974 book by the American political philosopher Robert Nozick. It won the 1975 US National Book Award in category Philosophy and Religion, has been translated into 11 languages, and was named one of the "100 most influential books since the war" (1945–1995) by the UK Times Literary Supplement.

In opposition to A Theory of Justice (1971) by John Rawls, and in debate with Michael Walzer, Nozick argues in favor of a minimal state, "limited to the narrow functions of protection against force, theft, fraud(debatable), enforcement of contracts, and so on." When a state takes on more responsibilities than these, Nozick argues, rights will be violated. To support the idea of the minimal state, Nozick presents an argument that illustrates how the minimalist state arises naturally from a Lockean state of nature and how any expansion of state power past this minimalist threshold is unjustified.

Entitlement theory
Entitlement theory is a theory of distributive justice and private property created by Robert Nozick in chapters 7 and 8 of his book Anarchy, State, and Utopia. The theory is Nozick's attempt to describe "justice in holdings" (Nozick 1974:150)—or what can be said about and done with the property people own when viewed from a principle of justice.
1977 French Grand Prix
The 1977 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Dijon-Prenois near Dijon, France on 3 July 1977. It was race 9 of 17 in both the 1977 World Championship of F1 Drivers and the 1977 International Cup for F1 Constructors.

The 80-lap race was won by American driver Mario Andretti, driving a Lotus-Ford, after he started from pole position. Northern Irishman John Watson led for most of the race in his Brabham-Alfa Romeo, before Andretti passed him on the final lap. Watson finished 1.55 seconds behind the American, with Englishman James Hunt third in his McLaren-Ford.

Austrian Niki Lauda finished fifth in his Ferrari to take the lead of the Drivers' Championship from South African Jody Scheckter, who failed to finish in his Wolf-Ford.

Dijon-Prenois
Dijon-Prenois is a 3.801 km (2.362 mi) motor racing circuit located in Prenois, near Dijon, France. The undulating track is noted for its fast, sweeping bends.

Opened in 1972, Dijon-Prenois hosted the Formula One French Grand Prix five times, and the Swiss Grand Prix in 1982. The non-championship 1975 Swiss Grand Prix was also held at Dijon. The circuit currently hosts the Grand Prix de l'Age d'Or, and last hosted the FFSA GT Championship in 2018.
Borovitskaya (Moscow Metro)
Borovitskaya (Russian: Боровицкаяpronunciationⓘ) is a station of the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. It was opened in January 1986. It is geographically located in the very centre of Moscow, although it is mainly used as a transfer station.

Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line
The Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line (Russian: Серпухо́вско-Тимиря́зевская ли́ния, IPA: [sʲɪrpʊˈxofskə tʲɪmʲɪˈrʲazʲɪfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 9; Grey Line) sometimes colloquially referred to as Grey Line (Russian: серая линия), is a line of the Moscow Metro. Originally opened in 1983, it was extended throughout the 1980s and early 90s and again in the early 2000s. With its current length of 41.2 km (25.6 mi), it is among the longest lines of the Moscow Metro (all underground making it the world's 8th longest rapid transit tunnel). There are 25 stations on the line.