hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glossary of scientific naming
This is a list of terms and symbols used in scientific names for organisms, and in describing the names. For proper parts of the names themselves, see List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names. Many of the abbreviations are used with or without a stop.

Conserved name
A conserved name or nomen conservandum (plural nomina conservanda, abbreviated as nom. cons.) is a scientific name that has specific nomenclatural protection. That is, the name is retained, even though it violates one or more rules which would otherwise prevent it from being legitimate. Nomen conservandum is a Latin term, meaning 'a name to be conserved'. The terms are often used interchangeably, such as by the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICN), while the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature favors the term conserved name.

The process for conserving botanical names is different from that for zoological names. Under the botanical code, names may also be "suppressed", nomen rejiciendum (plural nomina rejicienda or nomina utique rejicienda, abbreviated as nom. rej.), or rejected in favor of a particular conserved name, and combinations based on a suppressed name are also listed as nom. rej..
Carrot
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, typically orange in colour, though heirloom variants including purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist, all of which are domesticated forms of the wild carrot, Daucus carota, native to Europe and Southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Iran and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds.

The carrot is a biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. World production of carrots (combined with turnips) for 2022 was 42 million tonnes, led by China producing 44% of the total.

The characteristic orange colour is from beta-carotene, making carrots a rich source of  vitamin A. A myth that carrots help people to see in the dark was spread as propaganda in the Second World War, to account for the reason of British pilots' ability to fight in the dark; the real explanation was the introduction of radar.

Root vegetable
Root vegetables are underground plant parts eaten by humans or animals as food. In agricultural and culinary terminology, the term applies to true roots, such as taproots and root tubers, as well as non-roots such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes, and stem tubers.
Dickinson Memorial Library and Park
The Dickinson Memorial Library and Park is a historic site in Orange City, Florida, United States. The library is located at 148 Albertus Way. The park is located on the corner of East Graves Avenue and U.S. Hwy 17–92. It contains tables and park benches around a gazebo and two water fountains. It is adjacent to the library. Every Friday from 8 AM to 1 PM you can find a farmer's market located in the park, with a wide selection of fruits, vegetables, plants, baked goods and other great items. The park is also used for various City and community events including an annual summer music in the park program. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

The library is now known as the Orange City Library, and is part of the Deltona Region of the Volusia County Public Library.

Orange City, Florida
Orange City is a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States. It is a part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach metropolitan area. As of the 2020 US census, the city had a population of 12,632.
1981 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1981 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1981. These tests followed the 1980 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1982 Soviet nuclear tests series.

1982 Soviet nuclear tests
The Soviet Union's 1982 nuclear test series was a group of 20 nuclear tests conducted in 1982. These tests followed the 1981 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1983 Soviet nuclear tests series.
Waddington Range
The Waddington Range is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is only about 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi) in area, relatively small in area within the expanse of the range, but it is the highest area of the Pacific Ranges and of the Coast Mountains, being crowned by its namesake Mount Waddington 4,019 m (13,186 ft). The Waddington Range is also extremely rugged and more a complex of peaks than a single icefield, in contrast to the other huge icefield-massifs of the southern Coast Mountains, which are not so peak-studded and tend to have more contiguous icemasses.

Homathko River
The Homathko River is one of the major rivers of the southern Coast Mountains of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is one of the few rivers that penetrates the range from the interior Chilcotin Country to the coastal inlets of the Pacific Ocean, rising near Tatla Lake, and reaching the sea at the head of Bute Inlet, just west of the mouth of the Southgate River.

The Homathko River Valley is one of the most difficult rivers in BC to navigate or explore. The frigid waters make crossing impossible, the valley is lined with devil's club, and home to many grizzly bears.
Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.

Vishwamitra Ashram, Bisaul
Vishwamitra Ashram at Bisaul village of Madhubani district in the Mithila region of Bihar was the residence place related to the Vedic sage Vishwamitra in Ramayana. It is located near the capital city Janakpur of ancient Mithila Kingdom.
John Leslie (physicist)
Sir John Leslie, FRSE KH (10 April 1766 – 3 November 1832) was a Scottish mathematician and physicist best remembered for his research into heat.

Leslie gave the first modern account of capillary action in 1802 and froze water using an air-pump in 1810, the first artificial production of ice.

In 1804, he experimented with radiant heat using a cubical vessel filled with boiling water. One side of the cube is composed of highly polished metal, two of dull metal (copper) and one side painted black. He showed that radiation was greatest from the black side and negligible from the polished side. The apparatus is known as a Leslie cube.

James Leslie (engineer)
James Leslie FRSE (25 September 1801–29 December 1889) was a Scottish civil engineer specialising in docks, harbours bridges and reservoirs, largely on the east coast of Scotland. He was also an amateur meteorologist.
Petalostigma
Petalostigma is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. It is native to New Guinea and Australia. They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees.

In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush (Petalostigma pubescens), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is Petalostigma triloculare which features exploding fruit.

Picrodendraceae
Picrodendraceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 80 species in 25 genera. These are subtropical to tropical and found in New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, Madagascar, continental Africa, and tropical America. Its closest relatives are Phyllanthaceae.

This family used to be known as the subfamily Oldfieldioideae of the Euphorbiaceae.
Where Got Ghost?
Where Got Ghost? (traditional Chinese: 嚇到笑; simplified Chinese: 吓到笑; pinyin: Xià Dào Xiào) is a 2009 Singaporean anthology comedy horror film directed by Jack Neo and Boris Boo. This film is Neo's first attempt with horror flicks.

Money No Enough 2
Money No Enough 2 (Chinese: 钱不够用2; pinyin: Qián Bù Gòu Yòng 2) is a 2008 Singaporean comedy film written and directed by Jack Neo and produced by Neo Studios, Mediacorp Raintree Pictures and Scorpio East Pictures. It is a standalone sequel to the 1998 film Money No Enough, with Neo, Mark Lee and Henry Thia playing as three brothers in this film having to take care of their elderly mother Yang (Lai Meng). It was released in cinemas on 31 July 2008.

A third standalone installment, titled Money No Enough 3, which was also directed by Neo and also stars Lee, Thia and Neo himself, was released on 1 February 2024.
The Sonics
The Sonics are an American garage rock band from Tacoma, Washington, that formed in 1960. Their aggressive, hard-edged sound has been a major influence on punk and garage music worldwide, and they have been named inspirations to the White Stripes, LCD Soundsystem, Nirvana, The Hives, and other musical artists.

The band performed several early rock standards such as "Louie, Louie", and "Skinny Minnie" as well as original compositions like "Strychnine", "Psycho", and "The Witch". Their catalogue is generally based around simple chord progressions, often performed with a speed and tonal aggression that was novel for the time, making the band a notable influence on later punk rock bands, such as the Stooges and the Cramps.

The Cramps
The Cramps were an American rock band formed in 1976 and active until 2009. Their lineup rotated frequently during their existence, with the husband-and-wife duo of singer Lux Interior and guitarist Poison Ivy the only ever-present members. The band is credited as progenitors of the psychobilly subgenre, fusing elements of punk rock with rockabilly. The addition of guitarist Bryan Gregory and drummer Pam Balam resulted in the first complete lineup in April 1976. They released their debut album Songs the Lord Taught Us in 1980. The band split after the death of lead singer Interior in 2009.
Brownwood Regional Airport
Brownwood Regional Airport (IATA: BWD, ICAO: KBWD, FAA LID: BWD) is in Brownwood, six miles north of downtown. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a general aviation facility. The 21st Cavalry Brigade of the III Corps, U.S. Army uses the airport for training in Apache and Blackhawk helicopters.

The airport has been served by several airlines in the past including Trans Texas/Texas International, Lone Star Airlines, and Big Sky Airlines. Service was subsidized by the Essential Air Service program until March 13, 2005, when it ended due to federal law not allowing a subsidy over $200 per passenger for communities within 210 miles of the nearest large or medium hub airport (Brownwood is 145 miles from Austin-Bergstrom International Airport, a medium hub.) Federal Aviation Administration records say Brownwood Regional Airport had 1,764 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2003, 1,417 in 2004 and 232 in 2005.

Brownwood, Texas
Brownwood is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, Texas, United States. The population was 18,862 as of  the 2020 census. Brownwood is in the Texas Hill Country and is home to Howard Payne University, which was founded in 1889.
Fareej el-Makharqa
Fareej el-Makharqa or Al-Makharga (Arabic: فريج المخارقة) is a neighborhood in the heart of Manama, the capital of Bahrain. It is adjacent to Fareej el-Hammam, Fareej el-Hatab, Fareej el-Fadhel, and Gudaibiya.

Fareej el-Hatab
Fareej el-Hatab (Arabic: فريج الحطب، Fareej el-Hatab) is an old district close to the Manama Souq, in the heart of Manama in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It is located adjacent to Fareej el-Makharqa.  Along with the other districts in the souq, it formed the core districts of Manama prior to the expansion of the city in the 20th century.
The first Matam in all of Manama, Matam Bin Rajab, is located in Fareeq el-Hatab.
Aciculopoda
Aciculopoda is an extinct prawn which existed in what is now Oklahoma approximately 360 million years ago. It was described in 2010 on the basis of a single fossil from Oklahoma. The single species, Aciculopoda mapesi, was named by Rodney Feldmann and Carrie Schweitzer in honour of Royal Mapes, a paleontologist who discovered the type specimen. It is only the third unambiguous fossil decapod from before the Mesozoic.

Dendrobranchiata
Dendrobranchiata is a suborder of decapods, commonly known as prawns (though this may be ambiguous). There are 540 extant species in seven families, and a fossil record extending back to the Devonian. They differ from related animals, such as Caridea and Stenopodidea, by the branching form of the gills (hence their scientific name Dendrobrachiata) and by the fact that they do not brood their eggs, but release them directly into the water. They may reach a length of over 330 millimetres (13 in) and a mass of 450 grams (1.0 lb), and are widely fished and farmed for human consumption.
Timothée Puel
Jean Jacques Timothée Puel (August 22, 1813 – January 28, 1890) was a French physician and botanist.

A practicing physician in Paris, he was a founding member of the Société botanique de France (1854).

He is known for his investigations of flora native to the département of Lot, of which he published Catalogue des plantes qui croissent dans le département du Lot. Also, he issued an exsiccata series called Herbier du Lot. and a second one, Plantes de France, with Alphonse Maille. The genus Puelia (family Gramineae) was named in his honor by Adrien René Franchet.

Alphonse Maille
Alphonse Maille (1813 in Rouen – 30 September 1865 in Paris) was a French botanist.

In Paris, he studied botany under Adrien-Henri de Jussieu and worked on exsiccatae with Timothée Puel. In 1854 he was a founding member of the Société botanique de France.

During his career he assembled an important herbarium of approximately 1000 packages that contained about 60,000 species. After his death, botanist Jean-Louis Kralik published a catalog of Maille's collections as "Catalogue Des Reliquiae Mailleanae" (1869)  and distributed his specimens as exsiccata Reliquiae Mailleanae.

In 1842 the grass genus Maillea (synonym Phleum, family Poaceae) was named in his honor by Filippo Parlatore.
Kalam Valley
Kalam (Gawri and Urdu: کالام) is a valley located in the Swat Kohistan region of Upper Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is the site where the Swat River forms as a result of the confluence of two major tributaries, the Gabral and Ushu rivers. Kalam valley is predominantly inhabited by Gawri people.

Located 99 kilometres (62 mi) north from Mingora and at an elevation of about 2,000 m (6,600 ft) above sea level, the valley itself provides a plateau that is located above the river and is used for farming. There are a number of visible mountains, also visible from Matiltan, a valley close to Kalam Valley, including Mount Falak Sar at 5,918 meters (19,416 feet), and another unnamed peak at 6,096 meters (20,000 feet) high.

Matiltan
Matiltan is a village in the Usho Valley in Pakistan about 11 km away from Kalam. The valley has large glaciers, thick forests and lofty mountain peaks. It is home to 84 MW Matiltan Hydropower Plant. The tallest peak of Swat, Falak Sar can be viewed from it. It is accessible through a non-metalled road from Kalam by a four-wheel drive vehicle and the lake of Mahodand comes after this village of Kalam. Matiltan is predominantly populated by Gawri people.
Lake Paca
Lake Paca (Spanish: Laguna de Paca) is a lake in Peru. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the historic town of Jauja, which was once the first capital of Peru. The lake is habitat for a variety of flora and fauna. The lake is fed from springs.

Mantaro Valley
The Mantaro Valley, also known as Jauja Valley, is a fluvial inter-Andean valley of Junin region, 200 kilometres (120 mi) east of Lima, the capital of Peru. The Mantaro River flows through the fertile valley which produces potatoes, maize, and vegetables among other crops. The Mantaro Valley is also renowned as an area containing many archaeological sites. At the northern end of the valley is the city of Jauja, an important pre-Columbian city and Peru's provisional capital in 1534. Huancayo is the largest city in the valley.
Exalead
EXALEAD /ɛɡˈzæliːd/ was a software company created in 2000 that provided search platforms and search-based applications (SBA)  for consumer and business users. Headquartered in Paris, France, it was acquired by Dassault Systèmes in 2010 and integrated into subsidiary NETVIBES in 2022.

Search-based application
A search-based application is a software application in which a search engine platform is used as the core infrastructure for information access and reporting. Search-based applications use semantic technologies to aggregate, normalize and classify unstructured, semi-structured and/or structured content across multiple repositories, and employ natural language technologies for accessing the aggregated information.
Murray State Racers men's basketball
The Murray State Racers men's basketball program represents Murray State University in intercollegiate men's basketball. Murray State is a member of the Missouri Valley Conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), having joined that conference in 2022 after 74 seasons in the Ohio Valley Conference. The Racers have played home games at the CFSB Center on their campus in Murray, Kentucky since 1998. Murray State made its 18th appearance in the NCAA tournament in 2022. Five times the Racers advanced in the tournament, most recently by defeating the University of San Francisco in 2022. In 1988, Murray State defeated NC State in the first round but lost to eventual national champion Kansas in the second round. In 2010, 22 years to the date of the 1988 win, the Racers beat Vanderbilt and lost to eventual runner-up Butler in the second round.

Austin Peay Governors men's basketball
The Austin Peay Governors men's basketball team represents Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, Tennessee. The Governors play in the ASUN Conference starting in 2022–23, following 61 seasons in the Ohio Valley Conference. Austin Peay has qualified for the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament  seven times, most recently in 2016, making the field of 68 by virtue of having won the 2016 Ohio Valley Conference men's basketball tournament. The Governors' head coach is Corey Gipson.

The 2022–23 season was not only Peay's first in the ASUN Conference, but also was its last at  Winfield Dunn Center. After that season, the Governors moved to the new F&M Bank Arena in downtown Clarksville. The new arena was originally intended to open for the 2022–23 season, but was delayed to July 2023.

Historically, the "Governors" nickname applied only to Peay's men's teams; women's teams were known as "Lady Govs". However, since the mid-2010s, all Peay teams have used "Governors".
Charles Todd (industrialist)
Charles Todd (28 May 1868 – 21 August 1942) was a New Zealand businessman and was a principal founder of the Todd Corporation. He was a committed Catholic and prohibitionist.

Todd was mayor of St Kilda from 1923 to 1925. He twice unsuccessfully stood for election to Parliament: he contested the Dunedin South electorate for the Reform Party in 1928, and the Central Otago electorate as an independent Reform Party supporter in 1931.

Todd Corporation
The Todd Corporation Limited is a privately held conglomerate based in New Zealand, owned and controlled by the Todd family and headquartered in Wellington, New Zealand. Todd is currently led by board chair, Nick Olson, and group chief executive officer, Evan Davies. Todd employs about 600 individuals at locations in New Zealand and Australia, including seven on the executive team. The board of directors has eight members.
2023 Saudi Super Cup
The 2023 Saudi Super Cup (also known as The Diriyah Saudi Super Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 10th edition of the Saudi Super Cup, an annual football competition for clubs in the Saudi Arabian football league system that were successful in its major competitions in the preceding season.

On 5 April 2024, the Saudi Arabian Football Federation (SAFF) and the Diriyah Company signed a sponsorship deal for the 2023 edition. The match would officially be referred to as "The Diriyah Saudi Super Cup".

Al-Hilal defeated Al-Ittihad 4–1 in the final to win their record-extending fourth title.

Saudi Super Cup
The Saudi Super Cup is an annual super cup competition in Saudi Arabian football. Established in 2013 as a match between two teams, the format was expanded in 2022 to include four teams: the winners and runners-up of both the Saudi Pro League and the King's Cup.
Broadholme
Broadholme is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 5 miles (8 km) west from the city and county town of Lincoln, and less than 1 mile (1.6 km) south from the A57 road and the village of Saxilby. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 88. At the 2011 census, the population remained less than 100 and is now included in the civil parish of Scampton.

Historically, Broadholme was part of Nottinghamshire, formally transferring to Lincolnshire in 1989.

West Lindsey
West Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Gainsborough, the district's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Caistor and Market Rasen, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The east of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are North Lincolnshire, North East Lincolnshire, East Lindsey, North Kesteven, Lincoln, Newark and Sherwood and Bassetlaw.
George Heather
George Abraham Heather  was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the 20th.

Allen was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. After a curacy in Ardrahan he was Rector of St John, Cincinnati from 1860 to 1962; Secretary of the CMS in Ireland from 1863 to 1967; and Incumbent of Dugort from 1866 to 1871. He was Rector of Achonry from 1871; an Honorary Canon of St. Crumnathy's Cathedral, Achonry from 1875 to 1894; Archdeacon of Achonry from 1894 to 1895; and Dean of Achonry (and Prebendary of Kilmovee) from 1895. He died on 7 February 1907.

Archdeacon of Achonry
The Archdeacon of Achonry was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Achonry until 1622; Killala and Achonry from 1622 until 1834; and of Tuam, Killala and Achonry from 1834, although it has now been combined to include the area formerly served by the Archdeacon of Killala. As such, the holder of the role was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within his portion of the diocese. within the diocese. The archdeaconry can trace its history back to Denis O'Miachain who in 1266 became bishop of the dioces to the last discrete incumbent George FitzHerbert McCormick.
Project 4.1
Project 4.1 was the designation for a medical study and experimentation conducted by the United States of those residents of the Marshall Islands exposed to radioactive fallout from the 1 March 1954 Castle Bravo nuclear test at Bikini Atoll, which had an unexpectedly large yield.  Government and mainstream historical sources point to the study being organized on March 6 or 7 March 1954, less than a week after the Bravo shot.

Rongelap Atoll
Rongelap Atoll (/ˈrɒŋɡəlæp/ RONG-gə-lap; Marshallese: Ron̄ļap, [rʷɔŋʷ(ɔ)lˠɑpʲ]) is an uninhabited coral atoll of 61 islands (or motus) in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands. Its total land area is 8 square miles (21 km2). It encloses a lagoon with an area of 1,000 square miles (2,600 km2). It is historically notable for its close proximity to US hydrogen bomb tests in 1954, and was particularly devastated by fallout from the Castle Bravo test. The population asked the US (several times) to move them from Rongelap following the test due to high radiation levels, but with no success; so they asked global environmental group Greenpeace to help. The Rainbow Warrior made three trips moving the islanders, their possessions and over 100 tons of building materials to the island of Mejato in the Kwajalein Atoll, 180 kilometers away.