hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Counter-terrorism in Singapore
Counter-terrorism in Singapore is a series of detection and prevention measures to minimize the damage caused by terrorism. These measures involve the participation of all levels of society, including defence, internal security, border and infrastructure security, civil defense, and gives special focus on areas such as medical readiness and psychological preparedness.

Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Explosive Defence Group
The Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Explosive Defence Group (CBRE Defence Group) is a group formed by various Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) units to enhance counter-terrorism capabilities and provide an immediate response in the event of chemical and biological incidents.

CBRE Defence Group works closely with the Singapore Civil Defence Force, Singapore Police Force, Ministry of Health, Ministry of the Environment, as well as the Defence Science and Technology Agency and DSO National Laboratories.
Cycleptus
Cycleptus is a genus of freshwater fish containing two relatively large North American species of suckers. They are endemic to river basins draining into the Gulf of Mexico, including the Mississippi, Rio Grande and others in the United States and Mexico.

Catostomidae
The Catostomidae are the suckers of the order Cypriniformes, with about 78 species in this family  of freshwater fishes. The Catostomidae are almost exclusively native to North America. The only exceptions are Catostomus catostomus, found in both North America and Russia, and Myxocyprinus asiaticus found only in China. In the Ozarks they are a common food fish and a festival is held each year to celebrate them. The bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus, can reach an age up to 127 years, making it the oldest known freshwater teleost by more than 50 years.
IDEF4
IDEF4, or Integrated DEFinition for Object-Oriented Design, is an object-oriented design modeling language for the design of component-based client/server systems. It has been designed to support smooth transition from the application domain and requirements analysis models to the design and to actual source code generation. It specifies design objects with sufficient detail to enable source code generation.

This method is part of the IDEF family of modeling languages in the field of systems and software engineering.

IDEF
IDEF, initially an abbreviation of ICAM Definition and renamed in 1999 as Integration Definition, is a family of modeling languages in the field of systems and software engineering. They cover a wide range of uses from functional modeling to data, simulation, object-oriented analysis and design, and knowledge acquisition. These definition languages were developed under funding from U.S. Air Force and, although still most commonly used by them and other military and United States Department of Defense (DoD) agencies, are in the public domain.

The most-widely recognized and used components of the IDEF family are IDEF0, a functional modeling language building on SADT, and IDEF1X, which addresses information models and database design issues.
Wadi al-Hawa
The Wadi al-Hawa (Arabic: وادي الهوى, romanized: Wādī al-Hawā); also known as Wādī al-Fākhūra or Wādī al-Zakī is a river located in the Golan Heights, within the Quneitra Governorate of Syria. The stream is referred to by Israeli authorities as the Meshushim Stream (Hebrew: נחל משושים, romanized: Nahal Meshushim, lit. 'Hexagons Stream'), and, under Israeli occupation, it is administered as part of the Yehudiya Forest Nature Reserve.

35 km long, it starts from the foothills of Mount Avital and discharges via the Butayhah Basin into the Sea of Galilee.

The stream owes its Hebrew name to the hexagonal basalt columns visible on the banks in the central part of its course. A prominent example of this kind of geology and a tourist attraction is the Hexagon Pool.

Of the many affluents from the steam's 160 km2 drainage area, the most prominent ones are the Zavitan Stream and the intermittent Katzrin Stream.

It is the only river in the Quneitra Governorate not impounded in reservoirs.

Butayhah Basin
The Butayhah Basin (Arabic: بقعة البطيحة, romanized: Buq'at al-Butayhah; Hebrew: בקעת הבטיחה, lit. 'Bethsaida Valley') is a valley by the northeast shores of the Sea of Galilee at the steep foothills of the central Golan Heights, Quneitra Governorate, Syria. The area is currently under Israeli occupation.
Sargis the General
Saint Sargis the General or Sergius Stratelates (Armenian: Սուրբ Սարգիս Զորավար, romanized: Sourb Sargis Zoravar; died 362/3) was a Cappadocian Greek general who is revered as a martyr and military saint in the Armenian Apostolic Church and Assyrian Church of the East (January 5). The name Sargis (Sarkis) is the Armenian form of Sergius (Sergios).

Sargis was a general (stratelates) in the Roman Army stationed in Cappadocia. He went into exile in Persia during the reign of the pagan Roman emperor Julian. There he fell foul of Shah Shapur II and was killed along with his son, Martiros, during Shapur's Forty-Year Persecution.

Sargis the General is not to be confused with Sergius, the companion of Bacchus, who was martyred in the Roman Empire early in the fourth century. An Armenian hagiography of Sergius and Bacchus also exists.

Cappadocian Greeks
The Cappadocian Greeks (Greek: Έλληνες Καππαδόκες; Turkish: Kapadokyalı Rumlar), or simply Cappadocians, are an ethnic Greek community native to the geographical region of Cappadocia in central-eastern Anatolia; roughly the Nevşehir and Kayseri provinces and their surroundings in modern-day Turkey. There had been a continuous Greek presence in Cappadocia since antiquity, and by at least the 5th century AD the Greek language had become the lingua franca of the region.

In the 11th century Seljuq Turks arriving from Central Asia conquered the region, beginning its gradual shift in language and religion. In 1923, following the mass killing of Christian Ottomans across Anatolia, the surviving Cappadocian communities were forced to leave their native homeland and resettle in Greece by the terms of the Greek–Turkish population exchange. Today their descendants can be found throughout Greece and the Greek diaspora worldwide.
CAIFI
The Customer Average Interruption Frequency Index (CAIFI) is a popular reliability index used in the reliability analysis of an electric power system. It is designed to show trends in customers interrupted and helps to show the number of customers affected out of the whole customer base.

Reliability index
Reliability index is an attempt to quantitatively assess the reliability of a system using a single numerical value. The set of reliability indices varies depending on the field of engineering, multiple different indices may be used to characterize a single system. In the simple case of an object that cannot be used or repaired once it fails, a useful index is the mean time to failure representing an expectation of the object's service lifetime. Another cross-disciplinary index is forced outage rate (FOR), a probability that a particular type of a device is out of order. Reliability indices are extensively used in the modern electricity regulation to assess the grid reliability.
Ficinia
Ficinia is a genus of tufted or rhizomatous sedges in the family Cyperaceae. There are 91 accepted species – around 70 recognised species in Africa, four species (Ficinia ambigua, Ficinia anomala, Ficinia nodosa, and Ficinia spiralis) that occur in New Zealand and a single species Ficinia nodosa that occurs in Australia. The genus was described by German botanist Heinrich Adolph Schrader after another German botanist, Heinrich David August Ficinus.

Ficinia spiralis
Ficinia spiralis (pīngao, pīkao, or golden sand sedge) is a coastal sedge endemic to New Zealand (including the Chatham Islands). Originally widespread, it has suffered severely from competition with introduced marram grass and animal grazing and now has only a patchy distribution.
2025 PDC Players Championship series
The 2025 PDC Players Championship series was a series of 34 non-televised darts tournaments on the 2025 PDC Pro Tour. The Players Championship Order of Merit, a ranking list that only includes the prize money won by each player in the Players Championship events, determined the field of 64 participants for the 2025 Players Championship Finals in November.

The number of events increased by four compared to the four previous years, bringing the total to 34 Players Championship events.

A total of 33 nine-dart finishes were hit during the series.

2025 PDC Pro Tour
The 2025 PDC Pro Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Players Championships and European Tours are the events that make up the Pro Tour. The 2025 calendar consisted of 34 Players Championship events and 14 European Tour events, as well as 24 events for each of the PDC's secondary tours—the Challenge Tour, Development Tour and Women's Series.
Samuel Friedrich Stein
Samuel Friedrich Nathaniel Ritter von Stein (November 3, 1818 – January 9, 1885) was a German zoologist who worked in the field of protozoology and entomology. He was Professor at the Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry in Tharandt from 1850–55; and Professor, and later Rector, at the Charles University in Prague, from 1855–76. His scientific work focused mainly on the ciliates (then called infusoria) and he later contributed to studies on some arthropods.

Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry
The Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry (German: Königliche-Sächsische Forstakademie) in Tharandt, Saxony, near Dresden, was founded by silviculturist Heinrich Cotta in 1811. Established in conjunction with the school, and later integrated with it, was the Forstbotanischer Garten Tharandt, one of the oldest arboreta in the world. Its legacy lives on today as a campus of the Dresden University of Technology and site of that institution's Department of Forestry.
Benzoquinonetetracarboxylic acid
In chemistry, 1,4-benzoquinonetetracarboxylic acid is an organic compound with formula C10H4O10, or (C6O2)(-(CO)OH)4, which can be viewed as deriving from para-benzoquinone C6H4O2 through replacement of the four hydrogen atoms by carboxyl functional groups -(CO)OH.

By removal of four protons, the acid is expected to yield the anion C10O4−10, benzoquinonetetracarboxylate, which is one of the oxocarbon anions (consisting solely of oxygen and carbon). By loss of 1 through 3 protons, it forms the anions C10H3O−10, C10H2O2−10, and C10HO3−10, called respectively trihydrogen-, dihydrogen-, and hydrogenbenzoquinonetetracarboxylate.  The same names are used for the corresponding esters.

Removal of two water molecules gives the compound benzoquinonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, C10O8, one of the oxides of carbon.

The acid can be obtained by from durene (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) via dinitropyromellitic and
diaminopyromellitic acids.

Benzoquinonetetracarboxylic dianhydride
Benzoquinonetetracarboxylic dianhydride is an organic compound with formula C10O8 (an oxide of carbon) which can be seen as the result of removing two molecules of water H2O from benzoquinonetetracarboxylic acid.

It is a red solid, stable in dry air up to 140 °C and insoluble in ether, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, and carbon disulfide.  It reacts with acetone, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and water.  It dissolves in methylated derivatives of benzene to give solutions ranging from orange to violet. When the molecule is exposed to moist air, it quickly turns blue.

The compound was synthesized in 1963 by P. R. Hammond, who claimed it was "one of the strongest π-electron acceptors so far described."
Bi Kidude
Fatuma binti Baraka (c. 1910 – 17 April 2013), popularly known as Bi Kidude, was a Tanzanian taarab singer from Zanzibar. She has been called the "queen of taarab and Unyago music" and was inspired by earlier taarab singer Siti binti Saad.

For her contribution to world music and culture in Zanzibar, she received the 2005 WOMEX award and the Medal for Arts and Sports of Tanzania.

2011 Tanzania Music Awards
The 12th edition of the Tanzania Music Awards took place at the Diamond Jubilee Hall in Dar es Salaam, on Saturday March 26, 2011. Bongo Flava artist 20 Percent was the big winner of the night with five trophies out of seven nominations. The artist himself was not present and he was represented by his producer Man Water. Winner Lady Jaydee was also absent during the Award ceremony and a fan collected the two awards on her behalf. The artist later stated she had not received an invitation for the event. Singer Diamond Platnumz, who won three awards in the 2010 Tanzania Music Awards was nominated in four categories, although he was among those who left empty-handed.
Cadillac Center station
Cadillac Center station is a Detroit People Mover station in downtown Detroit, Michigan. It is located at the intersection of Gratiot Avenue and Library Street, beneath the One Campus Martius parking garage. It is named for the Cadillac Center, a shopping center proposed for construction nearby in the 1980s, but never built.

Cadillac Center is the nearest People Mover station to Campus Martius Park, Hudson's Detroit, One Campus Martius, and the Skillman Branch of the Detroit Public Library. It is located one block from the Campus Martius QLine stop, though this is rarely officially signed as a transfer.

Detroit People Mover
The Detroit People Mover (DPM) is a 2.94-mile (4.73 km) elevated automated people mover system in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The system operates in a one-way loop on a single track encircling downtown Detroit, using Intermediate Capacity Transit System linear induction motor technology developed by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 1,075,200, or about 3,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

The People Mover is supplemented by the QLINE streetcar, which connects downtown with Midtown, New Center, and the Detroit Amtrak station. The system also connects to local buses operated by DDOT and SMART, and the D2A2 and DAX commuter buses, as part of a comprehensive network of transportation in metropolitan Detroit.
Ndonga
Oshindonga, is a Bantu dialect spoken in Namibia and parts of Angola. It is a standardized dialect of the Ovambo language, and is mutually intelligible with Kwanyama, the other Ovambo dialect with a standard written form. With 810,000 speakers, the language has the largest number of speakers in Namibia.

Martti Rautanen translated the Bible into the Oshindonga dialect. Beginning his work in 1885, he published the New Testament in 1903, but it took until 1920 to finish the Old Testament. His Bible translation became the basis of a standardized form of Ndonga.

Ovambo language
The Ovambo (English:  /ɒˈvæmboʊ/) language, also known as the Namibian language, is a dialect cluster spoken by the Ovambo people in southern Angola and northern Namibia, of which the written standards are Kwanyama and Ndonga.

The native name for the language is Oshiwambo (also written Oshivambo), which is also used specifically for the Kwanyama and Ndonga dialects. It is the largest spoken local language in Namibia, particularly by the Ovambo people.

The language is closely related to that of the Herero and Himba, the Herero language (Otjiherero). An obvious sign of proximity is the prefix used for language and dialect names, Proto-Bantu *ki- (class 7, as in the name of the Swahili language, Kiswahili), which in Herero has evolved to Otji- and in Ovambo further to Oshi-.
Av8er Observer Light
The Av8er Observer Light (or Lite) is a British paramotor that was designed by Paul Taylor and produced by Av8er Limited of Woodford Halse, Northamptonshire for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Av8er
Av8er Limited (English: Aviator Limited) was a British aircraft manufacturer based in Woodford Halse, Northamptonshire and founded by Paul Taylor. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of paramotors in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles and European rules.

The company was founded in 1996. The company continues as an information technology firm, supplying data centre services, related equipment and aerial photography services using UAVs, computer servers, media platforms, instructional videos and off-road vehicle engines and parts.

In the aircraft production years Av8er manufactured a range of paramotors noted for their lightness and attention to detail, in particular balancing and vibration isolating features. The models included the Explorer, Orbiter, Observer and Titan.
Bibirevo (Moscow Metro)
Bibirevo (Russian: Бибиревоpronunciationⓘ) is a station of the Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. It was opened in 1992, and until the extension to Altufyevo was the terminus of the line. The station is a pylon-trivault, but the columns are cylindrical rather than the rectangular shape found on other similar stations.

Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line
The Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line (Russian: Серпухо́вско-Тимиря́зевская ли́ния, IPA: [sʲɪrpʊˈxofskə tʲɪmʲɪˈrʲazʲɪfskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]) (Line 9; Grey Line) sometimes colloquially referred to as Grey Line (Russian: серая линия), is a line of the Moscow Metro. Originally opened in 1983, it was extended throughout the 1980s and early 90s and again in the early 2000s. With its current length of 41.2 km (25.6 mi), it is among the longest lines of the Moscow Metro (all underground making it the world's 8th longest rapid transit tunnel). There are 25 stations on the line.
Creative Australia
Creative Australia, formerly known as the Australia Council for the Arts and the Australia Council, is the country's official arts council, serving as an arts funding and advisory body for the Government of Australia.

The council was announced in 1967 as the Australian Council for the Arts, with the first members appointed the following year. It was made a statutory corporation by the passage of the Australia Council Act 1975. It became the Australia Council in 2013, and then Creative Australia, with a new organisational structure, from 24 August 2023.

The organisation has included several boards within its structure over the years, including more than one incarnation of a Visual Arts Board (VAB), in the 1970s–80s and in the early 2000s.

Arts council
An arts council is a government or private non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the arts; mainly by funding local artists, awarding prizes, and organizing arts events. They often operate at arms-length from the government to prevent political interference in their decisions.
Qiqushan Temple
The Qiqushan Temple (Chinese: 七曲山大庙; pinyin: Qīqūshān dà miào), also known as the Qiqu Mountain Great Temple, is a Taoist temple, located in Zitong county of Mianyang City, in the Sichuan province of China. The Qiqushan Temple is located on a mountain about a few kilometers away from Zhangtong County, Mianyang City.

Zitong County
Zitong County (Chinese: 梓潼县; pinyin: Zǐtóng Xiàn) is a county in the northeast of Sichuan Province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Mianyang.

It has an area of 1,438 km2 (555 sq mi), and a population of 380,000 in 2002. Its seat is 172 km (107 mi) from Chengdu, and 49 km (30 mi) from Mianyang. It was made a county as early as B.C. 285, in Qin Dynasty.

Famous people include: Sima Xiangru, Pu Fuzhou, Hai Deng, Li Youxing.
Ryde police station
The Ryde police station is a heritage-listed lockup, police residence and police station located at 808-810 Victoria Road, Ryde in the City of Ryde local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Mortimer Lewis and built from 1836 to 1837 by David Taylor; Messrs Brodie & Craig. It is also known as Ryde Police Station (former), Ryde Police Station, Ryde Detective's Offices and Kissing Point Police Watch House or lockup. The property is owned by NSW Police, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Ryde, New South Wales
Ryde is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Ryde is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north-west of the Sydney central business district and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of Parramatta. Ryde is the administrative centre of the local government area of the City of Ryde and part of the Northern Sydney region. It lies on the north bank of the Parramatta River. People from Ryde are colloquially known as Ryders, Rydiens or Rydemen.

North Ryde, West Ryde, and East Ryde are separate suburbs from Ryde.
Cairns Masonic Temple
Cairns Masonic Temple is a heritage-listed former masonic temple at 8 Minnie Street, Cairns City, Cairns, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1934 to 1935. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 August 1998.

Masonic duties ceased here after its sale to the Catholic Church in 2017.

Cairns City
Cairns City is a coastal suburb at the centre of Cairns in the Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It is also known as the Cairns Central Business District (CBD). In the 2021 census, Cairns City had a population of 3,616 people.
Kirton Holme
Kirton Holme is a village in Lincolnshire, England. It is situated within Kirton civil parish, and approximately 4 miles (6 km) west from the town of Boston.

Kirton Holme church, Christ Church, is part of the Brothertoft Group also known as 'Five in the Fen', which also includes:

St Gilbert of Sempringham, Brothertoft

St Margaret of Scotland, Langrick

All Saints, Holland Fen

St Peter, Wildmore

The village County Primary School was erected in 1879 after the formation of the Kirton School Board, but closed in 1968.

Kirton Holme Golf Club is a nine-hole golf course, established in 1992.

Langrick
Langrick is a small village  in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Langriville, and on the B1192 road, 5 miles (8 km) north-west from Boston. The village lies in the Lincolnshire Fens, and less than 1 mile (1.6 km) east from the River Witham.
Exekias
Exekias (Ancient Greek: Ἐξηκίας, Exēkías) was an ancient Greek vase painter and potter who was active in Athens between roughly 545 BC and 530 BC. Exekias worked mainly in the black-figure technique, which involved the painting of scenes using a clay slip that fired to black, with details created through incision. Exekias is regarded by art historians as an artistic visionary whose masterful use of incision and psychologically sensitive compositions mark him as one of the greatest of all Attic vase painters. The Andokides painter and the Lysippides Painter are thought to have been students of Exekias.

Krater
A krater or crater (Ancient Greek: κρατήρ, romanized: kratḗr, lit. 'mixing vessel', IPA: [kraːtɛ̌ːr]; Latin: crater, IPA: [ˈkraːteːr]) was a large two-handled type of vase in Ancient Greek pottery and metalwork, mostly used for the mixing of wine with water.
Troina
Troina (Sicilian: Traina) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Enna, in the Italian region of Sicily. It is located in the Nebrodi Park. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Battle of Troina
The Battle of Troina was an important battle that took place between 31 July and 6 August 1943, as part of the Allied invasion of Sicily during World War II. Forces of the U.S. II Corps, part of the U.S. Seventh Army, under George S. Patton, engaged in fierce fighting around the town of Troina in the central portion of Sicily along the Caronie Mountains. The battle focused around the numerous hills and mountains surrounding Troina which the German and Italian forces had heavily fortified and used as bases for direct and indirect fire.