hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chandrakona
Chandrakona is a pretty town and a municipality in the Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. The city is located between Ghatal and Garhbeta. Chandraketu was the founder of the kingdom of Chandrakona. In the Ain-E-Akbari, the 16th century Mughal document, it was mentioned as ‘Mana’.

Ghatal
Ghatal is a town and a municipality in Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. Earlier it was part of Hooghly District in 1872 it was merged with Medinipur district. It is the headquarters of the Ghatal subdivision.
John Rusche
John M. Rusche (born December 3, 1950, in Waukesha, Wisconsin) was a  Democratic Idaho State Representative representing District 6 in the B seat from 2012 to 2016. Rusche served in the District 6 B seat from 2004 to 2012.  Rusche served as the minority leader from 2008 to 2016.

Mike Kingsley
Mike Kingsley (born December 31, 1959) is an American politician who served as a member of the Idaho House of Representatives from the 7A district. Elected in November 2016, he assumed office on December 1, 2016.
Business model canvas
The business model canvas is a strategic management template that is used for developing new business models and documenting existing ones. It offers a visual chart with elements describing a firm's or product's value proposition, infrastructure, customers, and finances, assisting businesses to align their activities by illustrating potential trade-offs.

The nine "building blocks" of the business model design template that came to be called the business model canvas were initially proposed in 2005 by Alexander Osterwalder, based on his PhD work supervised by Yves Pigneur on business model ontology. Since the release of Osterwalder's work around 2008, the authors have developed related tools such as the Value Proposition Canvas and the Culture Map, and new canvases for specific niches have also appeared.

Business model
A business model describes how a business organization creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, cultural or other contexts. The model describes the specific way in which the business conducts itself, spends, and earns money in a way that generates profit. The process of business model construction and modification is also called business model innovation and forms a part of business strategy.

In theory and practice, the term business model is used for a broad range of informal and formal descriptions to represent core aspects of an organization or business, including purpose, business process, target customers, offerings, strategies, infrastructure, organizational structures, profit structures, sourcing, trading practices, and operational processes and policies including culture.
Amino acid dating
Amino acid dating or racemization dating is a dating technique used to estimate the age of a specimen in paleobiology, molecular paleontology, archaeology, forensic science, taphonomy, sedimentary geology and other fields.  This technique relates changes in amino acid molecules to the time elapsed since they were formed.

Chronological dating
Chronological dating, or simply dating, is the process of attributing to an object or event a date in the past, allowing such object or event to be located in a previously established chronology. This usually requires what is commonly known as a "dating method". Several dating methods exist, depending on different criteria and techniques, and some very well known examples of disciplines using such techniques are, for example, history, geology, paleontology, archaeology, astronomy and even forensic science, since in the latter it is sometimes necessary to investigate the moment in the past during which the death of a cadaver occurred. These methods are typically identified as absolute, which involves a specified date or date range, or relative, which refers to dating which places artifacts or events on a timeline relative to other events and/or artifacts. Other markers can help place an artifact or event in a chronology, such as nearby writings and stratigraphic markers.
Milkshake
A milkshake (sometimes simply called a shake) is a sweet beverage made by blending milk, ice cream, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup into a thick, sweet, cold mixture. It may also be made using a base made from non-dairy products, including plant milks such as almond milk, coconut milk, or soy milk. Dry ingredients such as whole fruit, nuts, seeds, candy, or cookies may be incorporated.

Milkshakes originated in the United States around the turn of the 20th century and gained widespread popularity after the introduction of electric blenders in the following decades. During this period, ice cream shops became popular social gathering spots for young people, and milkshakes came to symbolize the simplicity and innocence of youth culture.

Frosty (frozen dairy dessert)
The Frosty is a frozen dairy dessert of the American fast-food restaurant chain Wendy's. The Frosty was among the first five items introduced on the Wendy's menu.

Wendy's founder  Dave Thomas created the original "light chocolate" Frosty according to a recipe from Fred Kappus by combining chocolate and vanilla flavors, as he thought that a pure chocolate flavor would overwhelm the taste of the restaurant's hamburgers. Thomas based the Frosty on the milkshakes he drank in Detroit as a youth, and created the Frosty to be thick enough to require a spoon to eat. The consistency has been described as between that of a milkshake and soft-serve ice cream.
Ayavalla Plantation
Ayavalla Plantation was a quail hunting plantation located in northwest Leon County, Florida, established by John Henry Howard Phipps, son of John Shaffer Phipps of the prominent Phipps family.

Ayavalla was the Indian word used by Ellen Call Long for Lake Jackson. Long was the previous resident of nearby Orchard Pond Plantation and daughter of Governor Richard Keith Call.

Upon John Shaffer Phipps' death in 1958, Orchard Pond Plantation and 1,200 acres (490 ha) were passed on to grandson Colin Phipps, and grandson John E. Phipps was given 2,100 acres (8.5 km2) on Ox Bottom Road.

Adjacent plantations:

Luna Plantation to the north

Meridian Plantation to the east

Ayavalla and the neighboring property of Elinor Klapp-Phipps Park host part of the Red Hills Horse Trials.

John H. H. Phipps
John H. H. "Ben" Phipps (November 3, 1904 - April 19, 1982) was an American heir, businessman, plantation owner, conservationist and polo player. He owned radio and television stations in Florida and Georgia.
Old Bazaar, Prilep
The Old Bazaar (Macedonian: Стара чаршија, romanized: Stara čaršija) is a bazaar located in Prilep, North Macedonia. It is located east of the main city square and north of the Prilep River. The bazaar dates from the second half of the 18th century, when Prilep grew in commercial and economic significance. Most of its present appearance dates from the 19th century.

The bazaar is listed as an Object of Cultural Heritage by the Ministry of Culture, while several commercial buildings, the city clock tower, a mosque, and а hamam within it are also listed individually. Many of the historic crafts present in Prilep's bazaar are at risk of dying out or already have died out due to industrial production. The pottery trade, for instance, was once represented in 38 shops employing about 360 people; just one such shop remains today.

Prilep
Prilep (Macedonian: Прилеп [ˈpriːlɛp] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia, after Skopje, Kumanovo, and Bitola. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 63,308, while its broader municipal area has 79,834 inhabitants in total.
Dongjing station
Dongjing (simplified Chinese: 洞泾; traditional Chinese: 洞涇; pinyin: Dòngjīng) is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 9. It is located in Dongjing Town, in Songjiang District.

The station began operations on December 29, 2007, as part of the initial phase of Line 9's development, which aimed to improve connectivity between the suburbs and central Shanghai. Dongjing Station primarily serves the suburban areas surrounding Songjiang and provides a crucial link between residential neighborhoods and the broader Shanghai Metro network. The station is also planned to serve the western extension of Line 12, which is currently under construction.

Line 9 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 9 is a southwest-northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. The line runs from Shanghai Songjiang Railway Station in Songjiang District to Caolu in Pudong. The line is colored light blue on system maps.
Memory error
Memory gaps and errors refer to the incorrect recall, or complete loss, of information in the memory system for a certain detail and/or event. Memory errors may include remembering events that never occurred, or remembering them differently from the way they actually happened. These errors or gaps can occur due to a number of different reasons, including the emotional involvement in the situation, expectations and environmental changes. As the retention interval between encoding and retrieval of the memory lengthens, there is an increase in both the amount that is forgotten, and the likelihood of a memory error occurring.

Recall (memory)
Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieving information from the past. Along with encoding and storage, it is one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall. Psychologists test these forms of recall as a way to study the memory processes of humans and animals.
Two main theories of the process of recall are the two-stage theory and the theory of encoding specificity.
Reineskarvet
Reineskarvet is a significant mountain in the municipality of Ål in Buskerud, Norway.

It is located in the Skarvheimen highland area between Jotunheimen and Hardangervidda, on the north side of Hallingdalen, west of Hemsedal. Reineskarvet looks like Hallingskarvet and lies parallel to it a bit further northeast. The highest point lies in the western end, while there is a summit in the eastern end with elevation 1732 m, popular for hiking.

Ål
Ål is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Hallingdal.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ål.
The parish of Aal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The area of Hol was separated from the municipality of Aal in 1877 to become a separate municipality.
Paul Banks and Carolyn Harris Preservation Award
The Paul Banks and Carolyn Harris Preservation Award (known informally as the Banks/Harris award),  was awarded annually by the Association for Library Collections and Technical Services (ALCTS), a division of the American Library Association, from 2001 to 2020. The award was established to honor the memory of Paul N. Banks and Carolyn Harris, two early leaders in library preservation.

The award consists of a citation and a $1,500 grant donated by Preservation Technologies, L.P. The award recognizes the contribution of a professional preservation specialist who has been active in the field of preservation or conservation for library or archival materials. Winners are chosen based on their accomplishments in preservation leadership, including activities such as leadership in professional associations, training and mentoring in the preservation field, development of new methods and techniques, and significant contributions to literature.

Paul N. Banks
Paul Banks (April 15, 1934 – May 10, 2000) was Conservator and Head of the Conservation Department and Laboratory at the Newberry Library from 1964 to 1981.  He left the Newberry Library in 1981 to establish the first United States degree-granting program in library preservation at the Columbia University School of Library Service.  Banks published widely on library preservation, conservation issues, and education.
The Devil's Ballad
The Devil's Ballad (魔の手毬唄) also known as Lullaby to Kill and The Devil's Bouncing Ball Song is a 1977 film directed by Kon Ichikawa.

The films follows detective Kindaichi after he arrives in "Devil's Skull village" to investigate an old murder case.

Kosuke Kindaichi
Kosuke Kindaichi (金田一 耕助, Kindaichi Kōsuke) is a fictional Japanese detective created by Seishi Yokomizo, a renowned mystery novelist. His first case, The Honjin Murders, is a novel of a locked room murder in an old family house, which many people regard as one of the best Japanese detective novels, was published in 1946. Kindaichi went on to feature in another 76 novels, selling more than 55 million books and appearing in numerous film, television and stage adaptations.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Knox County, Illinois
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Knox County, Illinois.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Knox County, Illinois, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 7 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  Another property was once listed but has been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.

Knox County, Illinois
Knox County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 49,967. Its county seat is Galesburg. Knox County comprises the Galesburg, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
P-adic Hodge theory
In mathematics, p-adic Hodge theory is a theory that provides a way to classify and study p-adic Galois representations of characteristic 0 local fields with residual characteristic p (such as Qp). The theory has its beginnings in Jean-Pierre Serre and John Tate's study of Tate modules of abelian varieties and the notion of Hodge–Tate representation. Hodge–Tate representations are related to certain decompositions of p-adic cohomology theories analogous to the Hodge decomposition, hence the name p-adic Hodge theory. Further developments were inspired by properties of p-adic Galois representations arising from the étale cohomology of varieties. Jean-Marc Fontaine introduced many of the basic concepts of the field.

Hodge–Tate module
In mathematics, a Hodge–Tate module is an analogue of a Hodge structure over p-adic fields. Serre (1967) introduced and named Hodge–Tate structures using the results of Tate (1967) on p-divisible groups.
Saigon Heat (VBA)
The Saigon Heat is a Vietnamese professional basketball team based in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam founded in 2016. It is the developmental team of the Saigon Heat. The team currently competes in the Vietnam Basketball Association, Vietnam's first professional basketball league.

Saigon Heat
The Saigon Heat is a Vietnamese professional basketball team based in Ho Chi Minh City. Since the 2014 season, the Heat's home games are played at the CIS Arena on the campus of the Canadian International School in District 7. This is the first professional basketball team based in Vietnam.

The Heat currently plays in the VBA, Vietnam's first professional basketball league.
Ruffs Dale, Pennsylvania
Ruffs Dale, also spelled Ruffsdale, is an unincorporated community in East Huntingdon Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania United States. It is located approximately forty miles from Pittsburgh. Ruffs Dale has its own post office, with zip code 15679, located at 875 State Route 31.

Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Westmoreland County is a county in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census the population was 354,663. The county seat is Greensburg and the most populous community is Hempfield Township. It is named after Westmorland, a historic county of England. The county is part of the Southwest Pennsylvania region of the state.
Miskolc
Miskolc (UK: /ˈmiːʃkɒlts/ MEESH-kolts, US: /ˈmɪʃkoʊlts/ MISH-kohlts; Hungarian: [ˈmiʃkolt͡s] ⓘ; Czech and Slovak: Miškovec; German: Mischkolz; Yiddish: Mishkoltz; Romanian: Mișcolț) is a city in northeastern Hungary, known for its heavy industry. With a population of 143,502 as of 2024, Miskolc is the fourth largest city in Hungary, behind Budapest, Debrecen, and Szeged. It is also the county capital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and the regional centre of Northern Hungary.

Castle of Diósgyőr
The Castle of Diósgyőr is a medieval castle in the historical town of Diósgyőr which is now part of the Northern Hungarian city Miskolc.
The first Castle of Diósgyőr was built probably in the 12th century and was destroyed during the Mongol invasion (1241–42). The current, Gothic castle was built after the invasion and reached the peak of its importance during the reign of King Louis the Great (1342–1382). Later it became a wedding gift for the queens of Hungary, which it remained until the Ottoman invasion of Hungary in the 16th century. By the end of the 17th century it was already in ruins. Archaeological excavations of the site have been made, beginning in the 1960s. In 2014 the castle was restored; the rooms are furnished with Mediaeval-style furniture.
Valkenburg resistance
The Valkenburg Resistance was the resistance movement in Valkenburg, Limburg, Netherlands, during World War II. The majority of work done by the movement was dedicated to providing aid to those seeking refuge from prosecution by the occupying Nazi Germans. Sheltering Jewish refugees was punishable by death and one third of the people who kept them from Nazi punishment did not survive the war.

Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul (Dutch: [ˈvɑlkə(m)bʏr(ə)x aːn də ˈɣøːl] ⓘ; Limburgish: Valkeberg [ˈvɑl˦əkəˌbæʀ˦əx] ⓘ) is a municipality situated in the southeastern Dutch province of Limburg. The name refers to the central town in the municipality, Valkenburg, and the small river Geul passing through it.
Centrode
A centrode, in kinematics, is the path traced by the instantaneous center of rotation of a rigid plane figure moving in a plane. There are two types of centrodes: a space or fixed centrode, and a body or moving centrode.
The moving centrode rolls without slip on the fixed centrode.

Four-bar linkage
In the study of mechanisms, a four-bar linkage, also called a four-bar, is the simplest closed-chain movable linkage. It consists of four bodies, called bars or links, connected in a loop by four joints. Generally, the joints are configured so the links move in parallel planes, and the assembly is called a planar four-bar linkage. Spherical and spatial four-bar linkages also exist and are used in practice.
Grass Mud Horse
The Grass Mud Horse is a Chinese Internet meme and kuso parody based on a word play of the Mandarin profanity cào nǐ mā (肏你妈), which means "fuck your mother".

Homophonic puns are commonly used in Chinese language as silly humor to amuse people, and have become an important component of jokes and standup comedy in Chinese culture. Grass Mud Horse is one of the made-up "Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures" created in a hoax article on Baidu Baike in early 2009, whose names all come from obscene puns. It has become an Internet chat forum cult phenomenon in China and has garnered worldwide press attention, with videos, cartoons and merchandise of the animal (which is said to resemble the alpaca) having appeared. In the 2022 COVID-19 protests in China, Shanghai residents led "Grass Mud Horse" to protest on the streets.

Homophonic puns in Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese, like many Sinitic varieties, has a significant number of homophonous syllables and words due to its limited phonetic inventory. The Cihai dictionary lists 149 characters representing the syllable "yì". (However, modern Chinese words average about two syllables, so the high rate of syllable homophony does not cause a problem for communication.) Many Chinese take great delight in using the large amount of homophones in the language to form puns, and they have become an important component of Chinese culture. In Chinese, homophones are used for a variety of purposes from rhetoric and poetry to advertisement and humor, and are also common in Chinese loans, for example phono-semantic matching of brand names, computer jargon, technological terms and toponyms.

This article lists common homophonous puns in Mandarin Chinese, though many of the examples given are homophones in other varieties as well. Asterisks before the entry denote near-homophones.
Konoe Tsunehira
Konoe Tsunehira (近衛 経平; 1287 – 1318)

, son of Iemoto, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Kamakura period (1185–1333). He did not hold regent positions kampaku and sessho. Mototsugu was his son.

Konoe Mototsugu
Konoe Mototsugu (近衛 基嗣; 1305 – 1354), son of Tsunehira, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Kamakura period (1185–1333). He held a regent position kampaku from 1337 to 1338. With a daughter of sangi Fujii Tsuguzane he had a son Michitsugu.
Brotherhood of Hope
The Brotherhood of Hope (abbreviated B.H.) is an association of the faithful in the Catholic Church, composed primarily of religious brothers who serve in college campus ministry. They are also a member of an association of charismatic communities called the Sword of the Spirit.

Sword of the Spirit
The Sword of the Spirit is an international, ecumenical association of Christian communities within the charismatic movement. As of 2017, the Sword of the Spirit is composed of 82 communities, 45 of which are Catholic. The member communities are composed predominantly of laypersons. The Sword of the Spirit is one of the largest federated networks of communities to come out of the Catholic charismatic renewal.
The 6ths
The 6ths was a band created by Stephin Merritt, also the primary songwriter and instrumentalist behind the Magnetic Fields, the Gothic Archies, and Future Bible Heroes. In the group, Merritt wrote and played songs which were then sung, in most cases, by other artists—a different artist on each track. It produced two well-received studio albums and many different collaborations.

Stephin Merritt
Stephin Merritt (born February 9, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the songwriter and principal singer of the bands the Magnetic Fields, the Gothic Archies, and Future Bible Heroes. He is known for his distinctive bass voice.
Starlord (comics)
Starlord was a British weekly boys' science fiction comic published by IPC Magazines from 13 May to 7 October 1978, when it merged with 2000 AD after 22 issues. The comic was created by Kelvin Gosnell, and was originally intended as a fortnightly sister title for 2000 AD with higher production values and an older audience, but late changes in production saw it converted into a weekly.

While Starlord lasted for less than six months before amalgamation, it had a lasting effect due to debuting the long-running strip "Strontium Dog", as well as "Ro-Busters", the fore-runner of "ABC Warriors".

Tharg the Mighty
Tharg the Mighty or The Mighty One is the fictional editor of the British science fiction comic 2000 AD. The character was introduced on the cover of the first issue in 1977 and is one of only two characters to appear in almost every issue of the comic, the other being Judge Dredd. Tharg occasionally appears in stories, and strips involving him have been written by such notable writers as Alan Grant, Alan Moore and John Wagner, albeit usually credited to "TMO" – "The Mighty One".