hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Bridge Landing
New Bridge was a prosperous mill hamlet, centered upon a bridge strategically placed at the narrows of the Hackensack River. In the American Revolution, New Bridge Landing was the site of a strategic bridge crossing the Hackensack River, where General George Washington led his troops in retreat from British forces November 20, 1776. Eleven engagements took place here throughout the war. The current Draw Bridge at New Bridge was installed in 1889 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 5, 1989. The area is now a New Jersey historic site in portions of New Milford, River Edge, Hackensack and Teaneck in Bergen County, New Jersey.

River Edge, New Jersey
River Edge is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 12,049, an increase of 709 (+6.3%) from the 2010 census count of 11,340, which in turn reflected an increase of 394 (+3.6%) from the 10,946 counted in the 2000 census.

The community was originally incorporated as the borough of Riverside by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 30, 1894, from portions of Midland Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day. On December 1, 1930, the borough's name was changed to River Edge. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone. The borough was named for its location along the Hackensack River.
2006 Yukon general election
The 2006 Yukon general election was held on October 10, 2006, in Yukon, Canada, to elect members of the 32nd Yukon Legislative Assembly. The Premier of Yukon asked the territorial Commissioner for a dissolution of the  Assembly on September 8, 2006. Because of changes in the Yukon Act, the Yukon Party government's mandate resulting from this election is for as long as five years instead of four.

Yukon New Democratic Party
The Yukon New Democratic Party (YNDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique du Yukon) is a social democratic political party in the Yukon, Canada. It is the territorial section of the federal New Democratic Party. The party currently forms the official opposition in the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
Donal T. Manahan
Donal Thomas Manahan (b. 15 Oct 1953) is an Irish-born American marine scientist and comparative physiologist.  He is known for Antarctic and deep oceanic research on the physiology and ecology of marine invertebrates and their larvae in extreme environments, and for his interest in the role of dissolved organic material as a larval food source.

Grover C. Stephens
Grover Cleveland Stephens, Jr. (January 12, 1925 – June 17, 2003), was an American marine biologist and comparative physiologist at the University of Minnesota and the University of California, Irvine.
Andrzej Saramonowicz
Andrzej Bogdan Saramonowicz (born 23 February 1965 in Warsaw) is a Polish director, actor, journalist, screenwriter and playwright. Saramonowicz studied history at University of Warsaw before turning to journalism. He collaborated with some of the main Polish mainstream magazines, such as Gazeta Wyborcza, Viva and Przekrój. In 2000, his first screenplay and movie Pół serio  ("Half seriously") won him the main award at the 2000 edition of the Festival of Polish Fiction Movies in Gdynia and kickstarted his career as a filmmaker. He then went on to write, produce and direct some of the biggest commercial successes of Polish cinema in the last decade. His comedies Testosteron, Lejdis and Idealny facet dla mojej dziewczyny alone totaled 4.6 million viewers, approximately a quarter of all tickets sold in that period.

How to Get Rid of Cellulite
How to Get Rid of Cellulite (Polish: Jak się pozbyć cellulitu) is a 2011 Polish comedy film written and directed by Andrzej Saramonowicz.

The film was released on 4 February 2011 by Warner Bros. Pictures as part of a two-film distribution deal with Saramonowicz's production company San Graal.
Philippe de Culant
Philippe de Culant (1413 – December 1454) was a French nobleman and soldier of the Hundred Years' War.

He was a nephew of Louis de Culant, Admiral of France, and the brother of Charles de Culant, and related to Jean de Brosse by marriage. The de Culant family took their name from  the village of Culant (now Culan) in the modern department of Cher. Philippe was Lord of nearby Jaloignes and later seneschal of the Limousin.

He participated the sieges of Meaux (1439) and Pontoise (1441), and was made a Marshal of France in 1441 by King Charles VII of France for his services. He accompanied the heir to the throne, the future King Louis XI of France, on campaign in Germany in 1444 and served in many of the successful sieges which brought the Hundred Years' War to an end, including those of Taillebourg, Le Mans, Château Gaillard, Rouen, Bayeux, Caen, Cherbourg, and Bergerac. He entered Bordeaux alongside Jean de Dunois in 1451 and fought in the final battle of the war at Castillon in 1453.

Marshal of France
Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration, and one of the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the First French Empire (when the title was Marshal of the Empire, not Marshal of France).

Between the end of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century, six Marshals of France were given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France: Biron, Lesdiguières, Turenne, Villars, Saxe, and Soult.

The distinction of Admiral of France is the equivalent in the French Navy.
Archibald Smith Plantation Home
The Archibald Smith Plantation Home is a historic house in Roswell, Georgia, built in 1845. The home was built by one of Roswell's founders, Archibald Smith, and housed three generations of his family.

Roswell, Georgia
Roswell is a city in northern Fulton County, Georgia, United States. At the official 2020 census, the city had a population of 92,883, making Roswell the state's ninth largest city. A suburb of Atlanta, Roswell has an affluent National Register Historic District.
Imperial Japanese Army
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945. It played a central role in Japan's rapid modernization during the Meiji period, fought in numerous conflicts including the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, the Second Sino-Japanese War, and World War II, and became a dominant force in Japanese politics. Initially formed from domain armies after the Meiji Restoration, it evolved into a powerful modern military influenced by French and German models. The IJA was responsible for several overseas military campaigns, including the invasion of Manchuria, involvement in the Boxer Rebellion, and fighting across the Asia-Pacific during the Pacific War. Notorious for committing widespread war crimes, the army was dissolved after Japan's surrender in 1945, and its functions were succeeded by the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.

Siege of Tsingtao
The Siege of Tsingtao (German: Belagerung von Tsingtau; Japanese: 青島の戦い; simplified Chinese: 青岛战役; traditional Chinese: 青島戰役) was the attack on the German port of Qingdao (Tsingtao) from Jiaozhou Bay during World War I by Japan and the United Kingdom. The siege was waged against Imperial Germany between 27 August and 7 November 1914. The siege was the first encounter between Japanese and German forces, the first Anglo-Japanese operation of the war, and the only major land battle in the Asian and Pacific theatre during World War I.
Tel HaShomer
Tel HaShomer (Hebrew: תֵּל הַשּׁוֹמֵר, lit. Hill of the Guardsman) or Kiryat Krinitzi is a neighborhood in Ramat Gan, Israel. It borders Kiryat Ono in the north, Yehud in the east, and Or Yehuda in the south. A major Israel Defense Forces base and the Sheba Medical Center are located in Tel HaShomer.

Ramat Gan
Ramat Gan (Hebrew: רמת גן, pronounced [raˈmat ˈɡan] ⓘ) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, located east of the municipality of Tel Aviv, and is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. It is home to a Diamond Exchange District (one of the world's major diamond exchanges), Sheba Medical Center (the largest hospital in Israel) and many high-tech industries.

Ramat Gan was established in 1921 as a moshava, a communal farming settlement. In 2023 it had a population of 167,794.
Locustdale, Pennsylvania
Locustdale (also known as "Locust Dale") is a census-designated place (CDP) that is located on the border of Columbia and Schuylkill counties, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania.

The population was 171 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Bloomsburg-Berwick micropolitan area.

Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Columbia County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,727. Its county seat is Bloomsburg. The county was created on March 22, 1813, from part of Northumberland County. It was named Columbia, alluding to the United States and Christopher Columbus. The county is part of the Central region of the commonwealth.

Columbia County is part of the Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area.
Dasyatis ushiei
Dasyatis ushiei, the cow stingray or Ushi stingray, is a species of stingray known from a single specimen. Based on the single specimen, its range includes at least Mikawa Bay, Aichi Prefecture, middle Japan. Due to the limited knowledge of its biology and extent of capture in fisheries, this species is assessed as Data Deficient in 2007.

Molecular data from 2012 has confirmed that this species is a population of the Broad stingray.

Broad stingray
The broad stingray (Bathytoshia lata), also known as the  brown stingray or Hawaiian stingray, is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. They range across the Indo-Pacific from southern Africa to Hawaii, and are the predominant species of stingray in the inshore waters of the Hawaiian Islands. This benthic fish also inhabits sandy or muddy flats at depths greater than 15 m (49 ft) in the Eastern Atlantic, from southern France to Angola, including the Mediterranean Sea. Usually growing to 1 m (3 ft) across, the broad stingray has a wide, diamond-shaped pectoral fin disc with a protruding snout tip and a long tail with a ventral fin fold. At night, this species actively forages for bottom-dwelling invertebrates and bony fishes, often near the boundaries of reefs. Reproduction is aplacental viviparous. As substantial threats to its population exist in many areas of its wide distribution, IUCN has listed this species as Vulnerable.
Sunset Tunnel
The Sunset Tunnel, originally known as the Duboce Tunnel, is a 4,232 ft (1,290 m)-long light rail/streetcar tunnel in San Francisco, California. The tunnel runs under the steep hill adjacent to Buena Vista Park and is used exclusively by the N Judah Muni Metro line.

The eastern entrance is located at Duboce and Noe streets on the south side of Duboce Park in the Duboce Triangle neighborhood, and the western portal is located in Richard Gamble Memorial Park near the intersection of Carl and Cole streets in the Cole Valley neighborhood.

Cole Valley, San Francisco
Cole Valley is a small neighborhood in San Francisco, California. It borders Golden Gate Park to the north, Haight-Ashbury to the northeast, the Castro to the east, and Twin Peaks to the south. Near Kezar Stadium, Cole Valley is the smallest neighborhood in the city.
Α-Amanitin
α-Amanitin (alpha-Amanitin) is a cyclic peptide of eight amino acids. It is possibly the most deadly of all the amatoxins, toxins found in several species of the mushroom genus Amanita, one being the death cap (Amanita phalloides) as well as the destroying angel, a complex of similar species, principally A. virosa and A. bisporigera.  It is also found in the mushrooms Galerina marginata, Lepiota subincarnata and Conocybe rugosa. The oral LD50 of amanitin is 100 μg/kg for rats.

Amatoxins (and phallotoxins) are part of the RiPP class of natural products. The genes encoding the proprotein for α-amanitin belong to the same family as those that encode for phallacidin (a phallotoxin).

Amanita virosa
Amanita virosa is a species of fungus in the class Agaricomycetes. In the UK, it has the recommended English name of destroying angel and is known internationally as the European destroying angel. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid (mushroom-shaped) and pure white with a ring on the  stipe and a sack-like volva at the base.

The species occurs in Europe and northern Asia. It was formerly reported from North America, but similar-looking American species like A. bisporigera and A. ocreata are distinct. As the name suggests, the destroying angel is poisonous.
Poppy Z. Brite
William Joseph Martin (born May 25, 1967), formerly Poppy Z. Brite, is an American author. He initially achieved fame in the gothic horror genre of literature in the early 1990s by publishing a string of successful novels and short story collections. He is best known for his novels Lost Souls (1992), Drawing Blood (1993), and Exquisite Corpse (1996). His later work moved into the genre of dark comedy, with many stories set in the New Orleans restaurant world. Martin's novels are typically standalone books but may feature recurring characters from previous novels and short stories. Much of his work features openly bisexual and gay characters.

Wormwood (short story collection)
Wormwood, originally published as Swamp Foetus, is a collection of short stories by American horror fiction author Poppy Z. Brite. It was first published by Borderlands Press, a small-press publisher of horror fiction, in 1993. It was reprinted by Penguin Books in 1995, and reprinted and retitled in 1996 by Dell Publishing.
Cadherin
Cadherins (named for "calcium-dependent adhesion") are cell adhesion molecules important in forming adherens junctions that let cells adhere to each other. Cadherins are a class of type-1 transmembrane proteins, and they depend on calcium (Ca2+) ions to function, hence their name. Cell-cell adhesion is mediated by extracellular cadherin domains, whereas the intracellular cytoplasmic tail associates with numerous adaptors and signaling proteins, collectively referred to as the cadherin adhesome.

Cadherin-1
Cadherin-1 or Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH1 gene (not to be confused with the APC/C activator protein CDH1). Mutations are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid, and ovarian cancers. CDH1 has also been designated as CD324 (cluster of differentiation 324). It is a tumor suppressor gene.
South African Class 4A 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 4A 4-8-2 of 1913 was a steam locomotive.

In 1913 and 1914, ten Class 4A steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement were placed in service by the South African Railways.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic
The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Turkmenistan, the Turkmen SSR, TuSSR, TurSSR, TurkSSR, TurkmSSR, Turkmenistan, or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, located in Central Asia, that existed as a republic from 1925 to 1991. Initially, on 7 August 1921, it was established as the Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan ASSR before being made, on 13 May 1925, a separate republic of the USSR as the Turkmen SSR.

Since its creation, the borders of Soviet Turkmenistan remained unchanged. On 22 August 1990, the republic declared its sovereignty over Soviet laws. On 27 October 1991, it became independent as Turkmenistan.

Geographically, Soviet Turkmenistan was bordered by Iran and Afghanistan to the south, the Caspian Sea to the west, the Kazakh SSR to the north, and the Uzbek SSR to the east.

Türkmenabat
Türkmenabat (Turkmen pronunciation: [tʏɾkˌmønɑˈbɑːt]) is the second-largest city in Turkmenistan and the administrative centre of Lebap Province. As of 2022, it had a population of approximately 231,000 people (up from 161,000 in the 1989 census). From 1924 to 1927, it was given the name Leninsk in honour of Vladimir Lenin.
Rocca Canterano
Rocca Canterano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Latium, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Rome.

Rocca Canterano borders the following municipalities: Agosta, Anticoli Corrado, Canterano, Cerreto Laziale, Gerano, Marano Equo, Saracinesco.

Saracinesco
Saracinesco is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Lazio, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Rome.

Saracinesco borders the following municipalities: Anticoli Corrado, Cerreto Laziale, Mandela, Rocca Canterano, Sambuci, Vicovaro. It lies on top of one of the highest mountains in the Aniene river valley.

It has been described as situated "in a most singular and inaccessible position" and as "remarkable for the ancient costumes and customs of its inhabitants.", due to its location on a rocky outcrop towering 900 metres (3,000 ft) above the Aniene river valley. It is reached by branching off from the Rome-L'Aquila highway at the Vicovaro-Mandela exit and follow a steeply twisting mountain road that leads up to and ends at the town.
Vaeakau-Taumako language
Vaeakau-Taumako (formerly known as Pileni) is a Polynesian language spoken in some of the Reef Islands as well as in the Taumako Islands (also known as the Duff Islands) in the Temotu province of Solomon Islands.

The language is spoken throughout the Taumako Islands, while in the Reef Islands, it is spoken on Aua, Matema, Nifiloli, Nupani, Nukapu, and Pileni. Speakers are thought to be descendants of people from Tuvalu.

Vaeakau-Taumako was described by linguists Even Hovdhaugen and Åshild Næss, in the form of a dictionary and a grammar.

Nukapu
Nukapu is one of the islands of the nation of Solomon Islands. It is in the Reef Islands group in Temotu Province; the easternmost province of the Solomons. The estimated terrain elevation above sea level is 15 metres.

The island contains a memorial to Bishop John Patteson who was murdered on Nukapu in 1871.
Pyrrhopappus
Pyrrhopappus is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. Desert-chicory is a common name.

Species

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walter) DC. - southeastern + south-central United States

Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus (Nutt.) Nutt. - Great Plains from Nebraska to Texas

Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus (D.Don) DC. - southern United States from Arizona to Florida; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Durango, Tamaulipas)

Pyrrhopappus rothrockii A.Gray - Chihuahua, Coahuila, New Mexico, Durango, Nuevo León, Arizona, San Luis Potosí, Texas, Puebla

Pyrrhopappus taraxacoides DC.

formerly included

see Lactuca

Pyrrhopappus hochstetteri A.Rich. - Lactuca inermis Forssk.

Pyrrhopappus humilis A.Rich. - Lactuca inermis Forssk.

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus
Pyrrhopappus carolinianus, commonly called Carolina desert-chicory or Texas dandelion, is in the genus Pyrrhopappus of the family Asteraceae, native throughout Eastern and South Eastern United States. It is an annual found in mostly open grasslands and wet roadsides. P. carolinianus can bloom from spring to frost with the heads facing the sun throughout the day.

P. carolinianus  has been observed growing in habitats such as the edges of marshes, sandpine-oak woodlands, and savannas.
Military Technical Institute
Military Technical Institute (Serbian: Војнотехнички институт, romanized: Vojnotehnički institut; abbr. VTI) is a Serbian weapons and aircraft design institute, governed by the Ministry of Defence. It is a top-level military scientific research institution in Serbia, dealing with research and development (R&D) of new weaponry and military equipment as well as with upgrade of the inventory for both branches of the Serbian Armed Forces, Army and Air Force and Defence.

The institute has 22 laboratories, and it is situated on 212 acres (86 hectares), with 177,000 square meters laboratories and office space, mostly in Belgrade neighborhood of Žarkovo.

Ministry of Defence (Serbia)
The Ministry of Defence (Serbian: Министарство одбране, romanized: Ministarstvo odbrane) is a ministry in the Government of Serbia which is in charge of national defence of Serbia. The current minister is Bratislav Gašić, in office since 2 May 2024.
Substitutes for Leadership Theory
Substitutes for leadership theory is a leadership theory first developed by Steven Kerr and John M. Jermier and published in Organizational Behavior and Human Performance in December 1978.

The theory states that different situational factors can enhance, neutralize, or substitute for leader behaviors (Den Hartog & Koopman, 2001). It has received criticism for shortcomings due to perceived methodological issues. Empirical research has produced mixed results as to its ability to predict subordinate outcomes.

Path–goal theory
The path–goal theory, also known as the path–goal theory of leader effectiveness or the path–goal model, is a leadership theory developed by Robert House, an Ohio State University graduate, in 1971 and revised in 1996. The theory states that a leader's behavior is contingent to the satisfaction, motivation and performance of his or her subordinates. The revised version also argues that the leader engages in behaviors that complement subordinate's abilities and compensate for deficiencies. According to Robert House and John Antonakis, the task-oriented elements of the path–goal model can be classified as a form of instrumental leadership.
Gulf of Fethiye
The Gulf of Fethiye (Turkish: Fethiye Körfezi) is a branch of the Mediterranean Sea in southwestern Turkey. The cities Fethiye and Göcek of Muğla Province are situated around the gulf. It is bounded on the west by Cape Kurdoğlu (Turkish: Kurtoğlu Burnu) and on the east by Cape İblis/Cape Angistro (Turkish: İblis Burnu). It is a popular area for tourism and yachting. Until 1923, it was known as the Gulf of Meğri/Makri/Macre/Mekri, the former Greek-origin name of Fethiye.

It is located in ancient Lycia, and was known as the Gulf of Telmessos or the Glaucus Sinus (presumably for Glaucus, son of Hippolochus).  The ancient cities of Lydae and Telmessos (modern Fethiye) lay on it.

Fethiye
Fethiye (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈfethije]) is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 875 km2, and its population is 177,702 (2022). It is one of the prominent tourist destinations in the Turkish Riviera. It was formerly known as Makri, and Meğri.
2025 ICC Champions Trophy squads
The 2025 ICC Champions Trophy was the ninth edition of the ICC Champions Trophy. It was hosted by Pakistan and United Arab Emirates from 19 February to 9 March 2025.

The following squads were announced for the tournament.

2025 ICC Champions Trophy
The 2025 ICC Champions Trophy was the ninth edition of the ICC Champions Trophy. It was hosted by Pakistan Cricket Board from 19 February to 9 March 2025 and featured 15 matches held across three venues in Pakistan; due to India's boycott of Pakistan, their matches were played in the United Arab Emirates.

The tournament was contested by the top eight ranked men's national teams qualified from the 2023 World Cup. Afghanistan made their debut appearance in the tournament.

Hosts Pakistan were the defending champions and were eliminated in the group stage. India became the champions by defeating New Zealand in the final and also became the first team to win three Champions Trophy titles.