hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pastillo River
Río Pastillo is a river in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico. It is also known as Río Marueño in the area of the municipality where it runs through barrio Marueño. Together with Cañas River, Pastillo forms Matilde River.  Pastillo is one of the 14 rivers in the municipality. The river originates at an altitude of 435 feet. Its tributaries are Quebrada Limon and Quebrada del Agua brooks and the river runs for 19 kilometers before feeding into Río Matilde at a height of 15 feet in Barrio Canas Urbano.

Canas, Ponce, Puerto Rico
Canas is one of the 31 barrios in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.  Along with Anón, Coto Laurel, Guaraguao, Quebrada Limón, Real, San Patricio, and Marueño, and the coastal barrio of Capitanejo, Canas is one of the municipality's nine bordering barrios.  It borders the municipality of Peñuelas. Along with Playa, Bucana, Vayas and Capitanejo, Canas is also one of Ponce's five coastal barrios. It was founded in 1831.
Tinjacá
Tinjacá is a town and municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia, part of the subregion of the Ricaurte Province. Tinjacá is located on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 54 kilometres (34 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Sutamarchán in the north, Ráquira in the south, Sáchica in the east and in the west Chiquinquirá and Saboyá.

Sutamarchán
Sutamarchán is a town and municipality in the Ricaurte Province, part of the department of Boyacá of Colombia. Sutamarchán is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at 44 kilometres (27 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Santa Sofía in the north, Sáchica and Villa de Leyva in the east, Saboyá in the west and Ráquira and Tinjacá in the south.
Owens Lake
Owens Lake is a dry lake in the Owens Valley on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada in Inyo County, California. It is about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Lone Pine. Unlike most dry lakes in the Basin and Range Province that have been dry for thousands of years, Owens held significant water until 1913, when much of the Owens River was diverted into the Los Angeles Aqueduct, causing the lake to desiccate by 1926. In 2006, 5% of the water flow was restored. As of 2013, it is the largest single source of dust pollution in the United States, and has been known since at least the 1990s as a pervasive source of fine alkaline dust containing harmful levels of particulates and chemicals.

Lone Pine, California
Lone Pine is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States, located 16 mi (26 km) south-southeast of Independence. The population was 2,014 at the 2020 census, down from 2,035 at the 2010 census. The town is located in the Owens Valley, near the Alabama Hills and Mount Whitney, between the eastern peaks of the Sierra Nevada to the west and the Inyo Mountains to the east. The local hospital, Southern Inyo Hospital, offers standby emergency services. The town is named after a solitary pine tree that once existed at the mouth of Lone Pine Canyon. On March 26, 1872, the very large Lone Pine earthquake destroyed most of the town and killed 27 of its 250 to 300 residents.
Raktabīja
Raktabīja (Sanskrit: रक्तबीज, lit. 'blood spermatozoa', IAST: Raktabīja) is an asura in Hinduism. According to the Puranas, he fought with Shumbha and Nishumbha against the goddesses Kali and Chandi, both forms of Durga. Raktabīja secured from Shiva a boon according to which if one drop of blood from his body fell on the battlefield, many Raktabījas would arise from the blood and fight the enemies. Each of these Raktabījas would also be like the others in the matter of strength, form, and weapons.

Mahishasura
Mahishasura (Sanskrit: महिषासुर, IAST: Mahiṣāsura) is a bovine asura in Hinduism. He is depicted in Hindu literature as a deceitful demon who pursued his evil ways by shape-shifting. Mahishasura was the son of the asura Rambha and the brother of buffalo-demoness named Mahishi. He was ultimately killed by the goddess Durga with her trishula (trident) after which she gained the epithet Mahishasuramardini ("Slayer of Mahishasura"). Mahishasura had a son named Gajasura.

The Navaratri ("Nine Nights") festival eulogises this battle between Mahishasura and Durga, culminating in Vijayadashami, a celebration of his ultimate defeat. This story of the "triumph of good over evil" carries profound symbolism in Hinduism, particularly Shaktism, and is both narrated as well as reenacted from the Devi Mahatmya at many South and Southeast Asian Hindu temples.

The Mahishasura Mardini Stotra by Adi Shankara was written to commemorate her legend.
Heinrich von Kleist
Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç fɔn ˈklaɪst] ⓘ; 18 October 1777 – 21 November 1811) was a German poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer and journalist. His best known works are the theatre plays The Prince of Homburg, Das Käthchen von Heilbronn, The Broken Jug, Amphitryon and Penthesilea, and the novellas Michael Kohlhaas and The Marquise of O. Kleist ended his life in a suicide pact by shooting himself together with a close female friend who was terminally ill.

The Kleist Prize, a prestigious prize for German literature, is named after him, as was the Kleist Theater in his birthplace Frankfurt an der Oder.

Kleist Prize
The Kleist Prize is an annual German literature prize. The prize was first awarded in 1912, on the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of the death of Heinrich von Kleist. The Kleist Prize was the most important literary award of the Weimar Republic, but was discontinued in 1933.

In 1985 the prize was awarded for the first time in over fifty years. Between 1994 and 2000 it was awarded biennially. A monetary sum of €20,000 accompanies the award.
Griqualand West
Griqualand West is an area of central South Africa with an area of 40,000 km2 that now forms part of the Northern Cape Province. It was inhabited by the Griqua people – a semi-nomadic, Afrikaans-speaking nation of mixed-race origin, who established several states outside the expanding frontier of the Cape Colony. It was also ancestral home to the Tswana and Khoisan peoples.

In 1873 it was proclaimed as a British colony, with its capital at Kimberley, and in 1880 it was annexed by the Cape Colony. When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, Griqualand West was part of the Cape Province but continued to have its own "provincial" sports teams.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Brymon European Airways
Brymon European Airways was an airline formed in November 1992 by the merger of Birmingham European Airways and Brymon Airways. The latter were the original operators of the Dash 7 aircraft in the UK and conducted the trials of the type at the embryonic London City Airport.

The merger was short-lived. In 1993, Brymon European was again split up. The Brymon operations were purchased by British Airways (Brymon) and the former Birmingham European operations were purchased by Maersk Air to create Maersk Air UK Ltd.

Brymon Airways
Brymon Airways was a British airline with its head office in the Brymon House on the property of Plymouth City Airport in Plymouth, Devon. It was co-founded in 1972 by journalist Bill Bryce and racing driver Chris Amon.
Mekseb Debesay
Mekseb Debesay Abrha (born 16 June 1991) is an Eritrean racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Bike Aid. He rode at the 2014 UCI Road World Championships, as well as the 2015 UCI Road World Championships, where he was the only rider from Eritrea to compete in the men's elite road race. He won the 2014 Tour d'Algérie. He is the brother of fellow racing cyclists Mossana Debesai, Ferekalsi Debesay, Yakob Debesay and Kindishih Debesay.

Ferekalsi Debesay
Ferekalsi Debesay Abrha (born 10 June 1986 in Tsazega) is an Eritrean former professional road cyclist. He is the brother of fellow racing cyclists Mossana Debesai, Mekseb Debesay, Yakob Debesay and Kindishih Debesay.
Henry Engelbert
Henry Engelbert (1826–1901) was a German-American architect. He was best known for buildings in the French Second Empire style, which emphasized elaborate mansard roofs with dormers. New York's Grand Hotel on Broadway is the most noteworthy extant example of Engelbert's work in this style. Many of his commissions were Lutheran or Roman Catholic churches.

Grand Central Hotel
40°43′39″N 73°59′43″W﻿ / ﻿40.727617°N 73.995162°W﻿ / 40.727617; -73.995162

The Grand Central Hotel, later renamed the Broadway Central Hotel, was a hotel at 673 Broadway at West 3rd Street, in Manhattan, New York City, that was famous as the site of the murder of financier James Fisk in 1872 by Edward S. Stokes.

The hotel collapsed on August 3, 1973, killing four residents and injuring at least twelve.
Canadian Socialist League
The Canadian Socialist League (CSL) was the first nationwide socialist organization founded in Canada. It originated in Montreal in 1898, but was strongest in Ontario and British Columbia.
The leaders espoused a moderate socialism based on Christian reform principles. Members of the league formed provincial socialist parties. In 1905 these parties merged into the Socialist Party of Canada (SPC).

George Weston Wrigley
George Weston Wrigley (1847–1907) was a Canadian journalist and social reformer. 
He was a believer in the Social Gospel and was an opponent of industrial capitalism, which he blamed for many social ills.
He was the editor of several newspapers that promoted reform in the later part of the 19th century.
Perseids (mythology)
In Greek mythology, the Perseids (sg. Perseid; Ancient Greek: Περσείδαι, romanized: Perseídai, lit. 'those born of Perseus', sg. Περσείδης Perseídēs), also called the Perseid dynasty, the Perseid line, or the House of Perseus, are the descendants of Perseus and Andromeda.

After the Greek Dark Ages, tradition recalled that Perseus and his descendants the Perseids had ruled Tiryns in Mycenaean times, while the allied branch descended from Perseus' great-uncle Proetus ruled in Argos.

Perseus and Andromeda had seven sons: Perses, Alcaeus, Heleus, Mestor, Sthenelus, Electryon, and Cynurus; and two daughters: Gorgophone, and Autochthe. Perses was left in Aethiopia and was believed to have become an ancestor of the Persians. The other descendants ruled Mycenae from Electryon down to Eurystheus, after whom Atreus got the kingdom. The most renowned of the Perseids was the greatest Greek hero, Heracles son of Zeus and Alcmene, daughter of Electryon.

Perses (son of Perseus)
In Greek mythology, Perses (/ˈpɜːrsiz/; Ancient Greek: Πέρσης) is one of the Perseids, as a son of Perseus and Andromeda. Perses is left in Cossaei and, with an Oceanid, fathers descendants.

Greek mythology identifies Perses as the ancestor of the Persians. Apparently, the Persians knew the story since Xerxes tried to use it to bribe the Argives during his invasion of Greece, but he ultimately failed to do so. The (Pseudo-)Platonic dialogue First Alcibiades (120e), written in the late 4th century BC, identifies him with Achaemenes as the hero founder of the Persái, stating that both Achaemenes and Heracles were sons of Perseus.
Interrail
The Interrail Pass is a rail pass available to European citizens and residents. Citizens of other countries residing outside Europe may purchase the Eurail Pass instead. Types of Interrail Pass include the Interrail Global Pass and the Interrail One Country Pass.

The pass allows unlimited rail travel in (and between) all 33 participating countries for a certain period of time. High-speed trains and night trains often require a paid seat reservation. The Interrail One Country Pass allows unlimited rail travel within one European country.

The concept of a pan-European rail pass originated in the late 19th century and evolved into the international Rundreise System which existed prior to World War I. The concept was revived after World War II in the form of the Eurail Pass in 1959 for international tourists and the Interrail pass in 1972 for Europeans.

Rail pass
A rail pass is a pass that covers the cost of train travel in a certain designated area or areas within a certain period of time. It is contrasted to a point-to-point ticket in that it allows the holder unlimited travel, within the pre-designated area and period, while a point-to-point ticket only permits the holder to travel from a point to another once. It is different from a season ticket in the sense that, while both of them grant unlimited travel to the holder, season tickets normally target commuting travellers, whereas rail passes usually target tourists. Based on this difference, terms of use are thus normally set differently.

The first rail pass was issued as the Eurail pass in March 1959. Owing to its success, many other passes have been issued by various railway companies all around the world since then.
Arcuate line of ilium
The arcuate line of the ilium is a smooth rounded border on the internal surface of the ilium. It is immediately inferior to the iliac fossa and Iliacus muscle.

It forms part of the border of the pelvic inlet.

In combination with the pectineal line, it comprises the iliopectineal line.

The arcuate line marks the border between the body (corpus) and the wing (ala) of the ilium, and, running inferior, anterior, and medial from the auricular surface to the area corresponding to the acetabulum, it also indicates where weight is transferred from the sacroiliac joint to the hip joint.

Iliopectineal line
The iliopectineal line is the border of the iliopubic eminence. It can be defined as a compound structure of the arcuate line (from the ilium) and pectineal line (from the pubis). With the sacral promontory, it makes up the linea terminalis.

The Iliopectineal line divides the pelvis into the pelvis major (false pelvis) above and the pelvis minor (true pelvis) below.
Dunajec River Gorge
The Dunajec River Gorge (Polish: Przełom Dunajca; Slovak: Prielom Dunajca; German: Dohnst-Schlucht) runs through the Pieniny Mountains in the south of Poland and the north of Slovakia (as Dunajec is the border river between the two countries in the area). The gorge is characterized by some of the most interesting geological and geomorphological structures and area-specific natural ecosystems with little anthropogenic influence. It is featured on UNESCO's Tentative List of World Heritage Sites in Poland. The Gorge makes 7 loops in its length. The surrounding rock reaches 300 m in height almost all the way through.

Pieniny National Park (Poland)
Pieniny National Park (Polish: Pieniński Park Narodowy) is a protected area located in the heart of the Pieniny mountains in the southernmost part of Poland. It is the oldest national park in Poland. Administratively, the park lies in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship on the border with Slovakia. Its head office is in Krościenko nad Dunajcem.

The Pieniny mountain chain is divided into three ranges: Pieniny Spiskie, Małe Pieniny, and the Pieniny Właściwe range where the Park is located. The park's area is 23.46 square kilometres (9.06 sq mi), of which 13.11 km2 is forested. One-third (7.5 km2) is strictly protected. On the Slovak side of the mountains there is a parallel park called the Pieninský národný park.
Tamalpais Research Institute
Tamalpais Research Institute, also known as TRI Studios, is a virtual music venue in San Rafael, California. It is the brainchild of the late Grateful Dead guitarist Bob Weir, formerly of Dead & Company as well as Bob Weir and Wolf Bros.  TRI is a state-of-the-art multimedia performance studio, designed for broadcasting live high definition (HD) video and audio streams directly over the internet.

Wolf Bros
Wolf Bros – also known as Bob Weir & Wolf Bros or Bobby Weir & Wolf Bros –  was a rock band led by former Grateful Dead guitarist and singer Bob Weir.  The band played some Grateful Dead songs along with other roots rock music.
2019–20 Nemzeti Bajnokság I
The 2019–20 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (also known as 2019–20 OTP Bank Liga), also known as NB I, was the 121st season of top-tier football in Hungary. The league was officially named OTP Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons. Ferencváros were the defending champions. The season was postponed on 16 March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed on 23 May.

2019–20 Magyar Kupa
The 2019–20 Magyar Kupa (English: Hungarian Cup) was the 80th season of Hungary's annual knock-out cup football competition. The title holders were MOL Vidi FC by winning the 2019 Magyar Kupa final. The competition was postponed on 16 March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed on 23 May. Honvéd won the final by beating Mezőkövesdi SE at the Puskás Aréna.
Jamshid Mashayekhi
Jamshid Mashayekhi (Persian: جمشید مشایخی, November 26, 1934 – April 2, 2019) was an Iranian actor. Mashayekhi, Ali Nasirian, Ezatollah Entezami, Mohammad Ali Keshavarz and Davoud Rashidi are known as "the five most important actors in the history of Iranian cinema" because of their influence.

Qeysar (film)
Qeysar (Persian: قیصر; English: Caesar; alternative titles in English include: Qaiser, and Gheisar) is a 1969 film by Iranian filmmaker Masoud Kimiai. The film was considered a "landmark in the Iranian cinema" and led to a new trend for brooding noir dramas in which outraged family honor is avenged.

Behrooz Vossoughi as the eponymous hero Qeysar, became a well known actor in Iranian cinema. Sadegh Khalkhali, an Iranian Shia cleric and politician, spoke openly in 1980 about this film no longer to be shown after the Iranian Revolution.

It was remade in Turkish as Alın Yazısı (1972) starring Cüneyt Arkın.
Vector potential
In vector calculus, a vector potential is a vector field whose curl is a given vector field. This is analogous to a scalar potential, which is a scalar field whose gradient is a given vector field.

Formally, given a vector field , a vector potential is a  vector field  such that

Solenoidal vector field
In vector calculus a solenoidal vector field (also known as an incompressible vector field, a divergence-free vector field, or a  transverse vector field) is a vector field v with divergence zero at all points in the field:

A common way of expressing this property is to say that the field has no sources or sinks.
Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut
Jacqueline (Dutch: Jacoba; French: Jacqueline; German: Jakobäa; 15 July 1401 – 8 October 1436), of the House of Wittelsbach, was a noblewoman who ruled the counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut in the Low Countries from 1417 to 1433. She was also Dauphine of France for a short time between 1415 and 1417 and Duchess of Gloucester in the 1420s, if her marriage to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, is accepted as valid.

Jacqueline was born in Le Quesnoy and from her birth she was referred to as "of Holland", indicating that she was the heiress of her father's estates.

Jacqueline was the last Wittelsbach ruler of Hainaut and Holland. Following her death, her estates passed into the inheritance of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy.

House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach (German: Haus Wittelsbach) is a former Bavarian dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including the Electorate of Bavaria, the Electoral Palatinate, the Electorate of Cologne, Holland, Zeeland, Sweden (with Swedish-ruled Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Bohemia, and Greece. Their ancestral lands of Bavaria and the Palatinate were prince-electorates, and the family had three of its members elected emperors and kings of the Holy Roman Empire. They ruled over the Kingdom of Bavaria which was created in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918.

The House of Windsor, the reigning royal house of the British monarchy, are descendants of Sophia of Hanover (1630–1714), a Wittelsbach Princess of the Palatinate by birth and Electress of Hanover by marriage, who had inherited the succession rights of the House of Stuart and passed them on to the House of Hanover.
Watergraafsmeer
The Watergraafsmeer (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌʋaːtərɣraːfsˈmeːr]) is a polder in North Holland, Netherlands,
reclaimed from the lake Diemermeer in 1629. In the 17th and 18th centuries, there were many buitenplaatsen in the Watergraafsmeer, though nowadays only one, Frankendael, remains. It is among the lowest-lying parts of Amsterdam (approximately 5 metres below the NAP).

Since 1921, the Watergraafsmeer is part of the city of Amsterdam and its rural character has all but disappeared. It is located in the borough of Amsterdam-Oost.
The most important streets in the Watergraafsmeer are the Middenweg and the Kruislaan.

Amsterdam-Oost
Amsterdam-Oost (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑmstərdɑmˈoːst]) is a borough of Amsterdam, Netherlands, established in May 2010 after a merger of the former boroughs of Zeeburg and Oost-Watergraafsmeer. In 2013, the borough had almost 123,000 inhabitants.
Enborne
Enborne is a village and civil parish, in West Berkshire, England. The River Enborne shares its name, although it does not run through the village; rather, it runs through and rises near the nearby village of Enborne Row. The village name has had many variant spellings in the past, including Anebourne in 1086, as well as Enbourne, Enborn and Enbourn in the last 200 years.

Enborne Row
Enborne Row is a hamlet in Berkshire, England, located on the county's border with Hampshire. The hamlet is within the civil parish of Enborne. The settlement lies next to the A34 road, and is located approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Newbury.

The name Enborne comes from Old English and means duck stream. It was also the location of Woodhay Railway Station on the DN&SR.
Takata Station (Fukuoka)
Takata Station (高田駅, Takata-eki)  is a passenger railway station located in the town of  Chikuzen, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the Amagi Railway, a third sector public-private partnership corporation.

Chikuzen, Fukuoka
Chikuzen (筑前町, Chikuzen-machi) is a town located in Asakura District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2024, the town had an estimated population of 30,470 in 12358 households, and a  population density of 450 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 67.10 km2 (25.91 sq mi).
Bibliography of books critical of Judaism
This is a bibliography of literature treating the topic of criticism of Judaism as a religion, sorted by alphabetical order of titles.

Books that criticise the religion of Judaism can be categorised in several groups, such as:

Books that criticise the Torah / Hebrew Bible and other Jewish scriptures, or a Jewish fundamentalist interpretation and application of them;

Books that criticise the Jewish religion as a whole;

Books that criticise all religions (especially the Abrahamic religions), including Judaism in particular; and

Books that criticise social separatism of Jewish minority communities, and argue for (voluntary or involuntary) Jewish assimilation (religiously, linguistically, socially, or culturally).

Books that are critical of Judaism can be written by non-Jews (Gentiles) or by Jews themselves, such as Jewish secularists, Jewish atheists and Jewish assimilationists.

Criticism of Judaism
Early criticism of Judaism and its texts, laws, and practices originated in inter-faith polemics between Christianity and Judaism. Important disputations in the Middle Ages gave rise to widely publicized criticisms. Modern criticisms also reflect the inter-branch Jewish schisms between Orthodox Judaism, Conservative Judaism, and Reform Judaism.