hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Periconia
Periconia is a genus of sac fungi in the order Pleosporales. Fossils of Periconia have been reported from 12 million year old rocks from central England and from Baltic amber from Eocene epoch (34-38 Mya).

Pleosporales
The Pleosporales is the largest order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water, marine, or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasites, epiphytes or endophytes. The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. Cochliobolus heterostrophus, causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, Phaeosphaeria nodorum (Stagonospora nodorum) causing glume blotch on wheat and Leptosphaeria maculans causing a stem canker (called blackleg) on cabbage crops (Brassica). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung, and a small number occur as lichens  and rock-inhabiting fungi.
Midian, son of Abraham
According to the Hebrew Bible, Midian (Hebrew: מִדְיָן Miḏyān) is the fourth son of Abraham and Keturah, the woman Abraham married after Sarah's death. His brothers are Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Ishbak and Shuah. His sons are Ephah, Epher, Enoch, Abida, and Eldaah.

Josephus records that "Abraham contrived to settle them in colonies; and they took possession of Troglodytis and the country of Arabia the Happy, as far as it reaches to the Red Sea."

Midian is generally considered ancestral to the Midianite people found in later portions of the Hebrew scriptures.

Keturah
Keturah (Hebrew: קְטוּרָה, Qəṭūrā, possibly meaning "incense"; Arabic: قنطوراء، قنطورة، قطورة) was a wife and a concubine of the Biblical patriarch Abraham. According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham married Keturah after the death of his first wife, Sarah. Abraham and Keturah had six sons. According to Jewish tradition, she was a descendant of Noah's son Japheth.

One modern commentator on the Hebrew Bible has called Keturah "the most ignored significant person in the Torah". The medieval Jewish commentator Rashi, and some previous rabbinical commentators, related a traditional belief that Keturah was the same person as Hagar, although this idea cannot be found in the biblical text. However, Hagar was Sarah's Egyptian maidservant.
Böhme (river)
The Böhme (German pronunciation: [ˈbøːmə] ⓘ) is a right-bank, northeastern tributary of the Aller in the district of Soltau-Fallingbostel in the north German state of Lower Saxony. The river is 72 kilometres (45 mi) long.

Bad Fallingbostel
Bad Fallingbostel (German pronunciation: [baːt ˌfalɪŋˈbɔstl̩] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Bad Fambossel) is the district town (Kreisstadt) of the Heidekreis district in the German state of Lower Saxony. Since 1976 the town has had a state-recognised Kneipp spa and has held the title of Bad since 2002. It has close ties to Walsrode, a few miles to the west. Until 2015, there was a British Army base in Bad Fallingbostel, It also hosted Defender 2020, the largest US Army/NATO exercise since the Cold War. The town has around 11,000 inhabitants.
Ace Records (United Kingdom)
Ace Records Ltd. is a British record label founded in 1978. Initially the company only gained permission from the similarly named label based in Mississippi to use the name in the UK, but eventually also acquired the rights to publish their recordings. When Chiswick Records' pop side was licensed to EMI in 1984, Ace switched to more licensing and reissuing work. In the 1980s it also gained the licensing for Modern Records, and its follow-up company Kent Records, whilst in the 1990s, the company bought the labels including all original master tapes.

Chiswick Records
Chiswick Records was a British independent record label. Established in 1975, Chiswick was the "first true 'indie' label to be established in Britain for nearly a decade". The label has been described as "significant" in the "punk era". It released some of the earliest records recorded by The Hammersmith Gorillas, The Count Bishops, Motörhead, Joe Strummer’s The 101ers, The Damned, Skrewdriver, Billy Bragg, Kirsty MacColl, and Shane MacGowan.
Unicycle
A unicycle, also monocycle is a vehicle that touches the ground with only one wheel. The most common variation has a frame with a saddle, and has a pedal-driven direct-drive. A two speed hub is commercially available for faster unicycling. Unicycling is practiced professionally in circuses, by street performers, in festivals, and as a hobby. Unicycles have also been used to create new sports such as unicycle basketball and unicycle hockey. In recent years, unicycles have also been used in mountain unicycling, an activity similar to mountain biking or trials.

Coker Tire
Coker Tire Company is a Chattanooga, Tennessee-based company that manufactures and sells vintage-style Michelin, Firestone, BF Goodrich and Uniroyal bias-ply and radial whitewall tires for collector automobiles.
Nishinomiya
Nishinomiya (西宮市, Nishinomiya-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 484,368 in 218,948 households and a population density of 4,800 persons per km². The total area of the city is 99.98 square kilometres (38.60 sq mi). Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the Kansai region with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. Nishinomiya is best known as the home of Koshien Stadium, where the Hanshin Tigers baseball team plays home games and where Japan's annual high school baseball championship is held.

Nishinomiya Station (JR West)
Nishinomiya Station (西宮駅, Nishinomiya-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).  As a part of the JR West Urban Network, the following cards are accepted: J-Thru Card, ICOCA, Suica, Pasmo, and PiTaPa.
Pentir
Pentir is a community and electoral ward in the county of Gwynedd, Wales, and is 124 miles (199.9 km) from Cardiff and 205 miles (329.4 km) from London. In 2011 the population of Pentir was 2450 with 58.7% of them able to speak Welsh. It includes the Penrhosgarnedd suburbs of Bangor, Glasinfryn, Caerhun and the hamlet of Pentir.

The Faenol Hall (Vaenol Estate) is a Grade II* Listed Building within the community, as well as a number of other buildings on the estate, e.g., Chapel of St. Mary.

Pentir was historically part of the parish of Bangor. The Local Government Act 1894 directed that parishes could no longer straddle borough boundaries, and so the part of Bangor parish outside the boundary of the municipal borough (city) of Bangor became a separate parish, which took the name Pentir from one of the hamlets it contained. Rural parishes such as Pentir were converted into communities in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003
The Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003 (asp 13) is an act of the Scottish Parliament which was passed in March 2003, and came into effect on 5 October 2005. The act establishes that medical professionals can legally detain and treat people through short term detention on the grounds of exhibiting signs of mental disorders, with the Mental Health Tribunal for Scotland and the Mental Welfare Commission for Scotland providing safeguards against mistreatment on the grounds of maintaining non-discrimination practices. It received royal assent on 25 April 2003. It largely replaces the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984.

Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984
The Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 36) was an act covering Scotland, comparable to the Mental Health Act 1983 which covered England and Wales. It was superseded by the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003.
Eastern Electricity
Eastern Electricity plc was an electricity supply and distribution utility serving Eastern England, including East Anglia and part of Greater London. It was renamed Eastern Group under which name it was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index until it was acquired by Hanson plc in 1995, before being purchased by Texas Utilities in 1998.

East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
The Girl Who Lived Twice
The Girl Who Lived Twice (original title in Swedish: Hon som måste dö, lit. 'She who must die') is the sixth novel in the Millennium series. It focuses on the characters Lisbeth Salander and Mikael Blomkvist. Written by David Lagercrantz, it is the third novel in the series not authored by the series' creator and author of the first three Millennium books, Stieg Larsson.

David Lagercrantz
David Lagercrantz (born 4 September 1962) is a Swedish journalist and bestselling writer known as the author of I am Zlatan Ibrahimovic and The Girl in the Spider's Web, the fourth through sixth installments in the Millennium series. He is also a columnist for Swedish Newspaper Expressen.
Raymond of Aguilers
Raymond of Aguilers was a participant in and chronicler of the First Crusade (1096–1099). During the campaign he became the chaplain of Count Raymond IV of Toulouse, the leader of the Provençal army of crusaders. His chronicle, entitled Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Iherusalem, which he co-wrote with Pons of Balazun, ends with the events immediately following the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.

Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse
Raymond of Saint-Gilles (c. 1041 – 28 February 1105), also called Raymond IV of Toulouse or Raymond I of Tripoli, was the count of Toulouse, duke of Narbonne, and margrave of Provence from 1094, and one of the leaders of the First Crusade from 1096 to 1099. He spent the last five years of his life establishing the County of Tripoli in the Near East.
King Pellinore
King Pellinore /ˈpɛlɪnɔːr/ (alternatively Pellinor, Pellynore and other variants) is the king of Listenoise (possibly the Lake District) or of "the Isles" (possibly Anglesey, or perhaps the medieval kingdom of the same name) in Arthurian legend. In the tradition from the Old French prose, he is associated with the Questing Beast and is the slayer of King Lot. His many children include the sons Aglovale, Lamorak, and Percival, and the daughter Dindrane.

Lady of the Lake
The Lady of the Lake (French: Dame du Lac, Demoiselle du Lac) is a title used by multiple characters in the Matter of Britain, the body of medieval literature and mythology associated with the legend of King Arthur. As either actually fairy or fairy-like yet human enchantresses, they play important roles in various stories, notably by providing Arthur with the sword Excalibur, eliminating the wizard Merlin, raising the knight Lancelot after the death of his father, and helping to take the dying Arthur to Avalon after his final battle. Different Ladies of the Lake appear concurrently as separate characters in some versions of the legend since at least the Post-Vulgate Cycle and consequently the seminal Le Morte d'Arthur, with the latter describing them as members of a hierarchical group, while some texts also give this title to either Morgan or her sister.
Chadoora
Chadoora (Urdu pronunciation: [t͡ʃɑːɖuːɾɑː] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [t͡soːɖur]) is a town and a Municipal committee in Budgam district in the Indian  union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Famous Sufi and aa'lim Mir Shams-ud-Din Araqi is buried here. The town is situated 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) away from Srinagar and is connected to the city through an electric bus service since April 2023. The postal code for the tehsil is 191113.

Budgam district
Budgam district is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in Kashmir region. Created in 1979 with its headquarters at the town of Budgam, it is the district with the largest population of Shia Muslims in the Kashmir Valley.
Rothenburg, Saxony-Anhalt
Rothenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁoːtn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a village and a former municipality in the Saalekreis district, Saxony-Anhalt, in east-central Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Wettin-Löbejün. The Rothenburg Ferry, a cable ferry, crosses the Saale river at Rothenburg.

Wettin-Löbejün
Wettin-Löbejün (German pronunciation: [vɛˈtiːn løːbəˈjyːn]) is a town in the district Saalekreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, in east-central Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2011 by the almagamation of the former municipalities Löbejün, Wettin, Brachwitz, Döblitz, Domnitz, Gimritz, Nauendorf, Neutz-Lettewitz, Plötz and Rothenburg. These former municipalities and Dößel are now the 11 Ortschaften or municipal divisions of the town.
Ploy (film)
Ploy (Thai: พลอย) is a 2007 Thai film written and directed by Pen-Ek Ratanaruang. The film premiered during the Directors' Fortnight at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.

The drama film stars Thai actress Lalita Panyopas in a story of a middle-aged married couple who question their relationship after seven years. Ananda Everingham is featured in a supporting role as a bartender.

The film contained sex scenes that were shown at Cannes, but due to censorship concerns had to be re-edited by the director so the film could be shown in cinemas in Thailand when it opened there on June 7, 2007. The uncensored version of the film was shown in Thailand at the 2007 Bangkok International Film Festival.

Five Star Production
Five Star Production Co. Ltd. (Thai: ไฟว์สตาร์ โปรดักชั่น) is a Thai film production company. It was founded in 1973 by Kiat Iamphungphorn and is today headed by his children, Aphiradee and her younger brothers Kiatkamon and Kiattikul. The company's films include the works of Wisit Sasanatieng (Tears of the Black Tiger, Citizen Dog) and Pen-Ek Ratanaruang (Ruang Talok 69, Monrak Transistor, Last Life in the Universe, Invisible Waves). Other directors associated with Five Star include Thanit Jitnukul, Bhandit Rittakol, and Poj Arnon.
ATREX
The ATREX engine (Air Turbo Ramjet Engine with eXpander cycle) developed in Japan is an experimental precooled jet engine that works as a turbojet at low speeds and a ramjet up to mach 6.0.

ATREX uses liquid hydrogen fuel in a fairly exotic single-fan arrangement. The liquid hydrogen fuel is pumped through a heat exchanger in the air-intake, simultaneously heating the liquid hydrogen and cooling the incoming air. This cooling of the incoming air is critical in achieving a reasonable efficiency. The hydrogen then continues through a second heat exchanger positioned after the combustion section, where the hot exhaust is used to further heat the hydrogen, turning it in a very high pressure gas. This gas is then passed through the tips of the fan providing driving power to the fan at subsonic speeds. After mixing with the air, the hydrogen is burned in the combustion chamber.

The development of this engine lost focus in favor of the new hypersonic precooled turbojet engine (PCTJ).

Ramjet
A ramjet is a form of airbreathing jet engine that requires forward motion of the engine to provide air for combustion. Ramjets work most efficiently at supersonic speeds around Mach 3 (2,300 mph; 3,700 km/h) and can operate up to Mach 6 (4,600 mph; 7,400 km/h).

Ramjets can be particularly appropriate in uses requiring a compact mechanism for high speed, such as missiles. Weapons designers are investigating ramjet technology for use in artillery shells to increase range; a 120 mm ramjet-assisted mortar shell is thought to be able to travel 35 km (22 mi). They have been used, though not efficiently, as tip jets on the ends of helicopter rotors.
Thomas H. Buckley
Thomas Henry Buckley (September 5, 1897 – December 1, 1960) was an American politician who served as Massachusetts Auditor from 1935 to 1939.

Buckley's son, John R. Buckley, served as Secretary of Administration and Finance of Massachusetts and was member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. He was not a relative of Thomas J. Buckley, who also served as Massachusetts Auditor (1941–1964).

John R. Buckley
John R. "Jack" Buckley (January 1, 1932 – January 21, 2020) was an American politician who served as Secretary of Administration and Finance of Massachusetts from 1975 to 1979, member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1965 to 1975, and Abington, Massachusetts Town Treasurer from 1961 to 1965. He was a candidate for state Democratic party chairman in 1971, but lost to State Treasurer Robert Q. Crane.

Buckley's father, Thomas H. Buckley, served as Massachusetts State Auditor from 1935 to 1939 and was the state's first Commissioner of Administration and Finance. His son, John R. Buckley, Jr., is the Plymouth County, Massachusetts Register of Deeds.
Administrative units of Pakistan
Pakistan is administratively divided into four provinces, one federal territory, and two disputed territories: the provinces of Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan; the Islamabad Capital Territory; and the administrative territories of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan. As part of the Kashmir conflict with neighbouring India, Pakistan has also claimed sovereignty over the Indian-controlled territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh since the First Kashmir War of 1947–1948. It also has a territorial dispute with India over Junagadh, but has never exercised administrative authority over either regions. All of Pakistan's provinces and territories are subdivided into divisions, which are further subdivided into districts, and then tehsils, which are again further subdivided into union councils.

Princely states of Pakistan
The Princely States of Pakistan (Urdu: پاکستان کی نوابی ریاستیں) were princely states of the British Indian Empire which acceded to the new Dominion of Pakistan in 1947 and 1948, following the partition of British India and its independence.

At the time of the withdrawal of British forces from the subcontinent on 15 August 1947, West Pakistan was less than half of its ultimate size. The princely states were incorporated following a year of negotiations and interventions.
Knox–Porter Resolution
The Knox–Porter Resolution (42 Stat. 105) was a joint resolution of the United States Congress signed by President Warren G. Harding on July 2, 1921, officially ending United States involvement in World War I. The documents were signed on the estate of Joseph Sherman Frelinghuysen, Sr. in Raritan, New Jersey.

Raritan, New Jersey
Raritan is a borough in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,835, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 954 (+13.9%) from the 2010 census count of 6,881, which in turn had reflected an increase of 543 (+8.6%) from the 6,338 counted at the 2000 census.

The borough's name is derived from the Raritans, a Native American group of Lenape. The name of the tribe is said to mean "forked river", "stream overflows", or "point on a tidal river".
Recurrent artery of Heubner
The recurrent artery of Heubner, Heubner's artery or distal medial striate artery is a branch of the anterior cerebral artery. It supplies the head of the caudate nucleus and adjacent part of the anterior limb of internal capsule, olfactory regions, and parts of the putamen and septal nuclei.

It is named after the German paediatrician Otto Heubner.

Central arteries
Central arteries (or perforating or ganglionic arteries) of the brain are numerous small arteries branching from the Circle of Willis, and adjacent arteries that often enter the substance of the brain through the anterior and posterior perforated substances. They supply structures of the base of the brain and internal structures of the cerebral hemispheres. They are separated into four principal groups: anteromedial central arteries; anterolateral central arteries (lenticulostriate arteries); posteromedial central arteries (paramedian arteries); and posterolateral central arteries.
Finance Commission
The Finance Commissions (IAST: Vitta Jayga) are commissions periodically constituted by the President of India under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution to define the financial relations between the central government of India and the individual state governments. The First Commission was established in 1951 under The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951. Fifteen Finance Commissions have been constituted since the promulgation of Indian Constitution in 1950. Individual commissions operate under the terms of reference which are different for every commission, and they define the terms of qualification, appointment and disqualification, the term, eligibility and powers of the Finance Commission. As per the constitution, the commission is appointed every five years and consists of a chairman and four other members.

The most recent Finance Commission was constituted on 31 December 2023 and is chaired by Arvind Panagariya former Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog.

Sixteenth Finance Commission
Sixteenth Finance Commission is the Finance Commission constituted by the Government of India under Article 280 of Constitution. Arvind Panagariya has been appointed as the Chief of the Commission with the main task of determining revenue sharing between Central Government and State Government for a period of five years from April 1, 2026.
Nadine Gordimer
Nadine Gordimer (20 November 1923 – 13 July 2014) was a South African writer and political activist. She received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1991, recognised as a writer "who through her magnificent epic writing has ... been of very great benefit to humanity".

Gordimer was one of the most honoured female writers of her generation. She received the Booker Prize for The Conservationist (1974), and the Central News Agency Literary Award for The Conservationist, Burger's Daughter (1979) and July's People (1981).

Gordimer's writing dealt with moral and racial issues, particularly apartheid in South Africa. Under that regime, works such as Burger's Daughter were banned. She was active in the anti-apartheid movement, joining the African National Congress during the days when the organisation was banned, and gave Nelson Mandela advice on his famous 1964 defence speech at the trial which led to his conviction for life. She later became active in HIV/AIDS causes.

1991 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1991 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the South African activist and writer Nadine Gordimer (1923–2014) "who through her magnificent epic writing has – in the words of Alfred Nobel – been of very great benefit to humanity." She is the 7th female and first South African recipient of the prize followed by J. M. Coetzee in 2003.