hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Lakes railway station
The Lakes is a railway station located on the North Warwickshire Line in the north of Stratford-on-Avon District in Warwickshire, England. The nearest settlement is the village of Earlswood.

Opened by the Great Western Railway as The Lakes Halt on 3 June 1935. The station was built to serve the nearby Earlswood Lakes, which were a popular destination for daytrippers. As it was only designed to cater for local traffic, it was built with relatively short platforms, being only 130 feet (40 m) long.

Earlswood Lakes
Earlswood Lakes is the modern name for three man-made reservoirs which were built in the 1820s at Earlswood in Warwickshire, England, to supply water to the Stratford-upon-Avon Canal. They still supply the canal, and also provide leisure facilities, including sailing, fishing, and walking. The northern banks of the lakes form the borough and county boundary with the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull and the West Midlands.
Yemelyanovsky District
Yemelyanovsky District (Russian: Емель́яновский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the southern central part of the krai and borders with Bolshemurtinsky District in the north, Sukhobuzimsky District in the northeast, Beryozovsky District and the territory of the krai city of Krasnoyarsk in the east, Balakhtinsky District in the south, Kozulsky District in the west, and with Birilyussky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 7,441 square kilometers (2,873 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Yemelyanovo. Population: 51,159 (2011 est.); 50,998 (2010 Census); 45,656 (2002 Census); 48,375 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yemelyanovo accounts for 23.6% of the district's total population.

Beryozovsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai
Beryozovsky District (Russian: Берёзовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai and borders with Sukhobuzimsky District in the north, Rybinsky District in the east, Uyarsky District in the southeast, Mansky District in the south, Balakhtinsky District in the southwest, and with Yemelyanovsky District and the territory of the krai city of Krasnoyarsk in the west. The area of the district is 4,244 square kilometers (1,639 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Beryozovka. Population:  37,868 (2010 Census); 37,821 (2002 Census); 40,294 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Beryozovka accounts for 55.2% of the district's total population.
Bridge (City of London ward)
Bridge and Bridge Without is a small ward in the City of London and is named from its closeness to London Bridge. Since boundary changes in 2003, Bridge is bounded by the River Thames to the south, Swan Lane and Gracechurch Street to the west, Fenchurch Street to the north, and Rood Lane and Lovat Lane to the east.

The ward includes Fishmongers' Hall, St. Magnus-the-Martyr church, the Monument to the Great Fire of London, and the full span of London Bridge.

Wards of the City of London
The City of London (also known simply as "the City") is divided into 25 wards. The city is the historic core of the much wider metropolis of Greater London, with an ancient and sui generis form of local government, which avoided the many local government reforms elsewhere in the country in the 19th and 20th centuries. Unlike other modern English local authorities, the City of London Corporation has two council bodies: the now largely ceremonial Court of Aldermen, and the Court of Common Council.

The wards are a survival of the medieval governmental system that allowed very small areas to exist as self-governing units within the wider city. They are both electoral/political sub-divisions and permanent ceremonial, geographic and administrative entities within the city. They had their boundaries changed in 2003, and to a lesser extent in 2013, though the number of wards and their names did not change.
Hachikō Line
The Hachikō Line (八高線, Hachikō-sen) is a 92.0 km (57.2 mi) regional railway line owned and operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It is located within Tokyo, Saitama, and Gunma Prefectures in Japan. It connects Hachiōji Station in Hachiōji, Tokyo with Kuragano Station in Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture.

Hidaka, Saitama
Hidaka (日高市, Hidaka-shi, Japanese pronunciation: [çiꜜ.da.ka, çi.da.kaꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2021, the city had an estimated population of 55,294 in 24,328 households and a population density of 1200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is  47.48 square kilometres (18.33 sq mi).
Swedish South Company
The Swedish South Company, also known as the Company of New Sweden (Swedish, Söderkompaniet, Nya Sverige-kompaniet), was a trading company from Sweden founded in 1626, that supported the trade between Sweden and its colony New Sweden, in North America. The colony was envisioned by its founding father Willem Usselincx; it was to become the first Swedish transoceanic trading project.

In 1649, the company lost its monopoly on tobacco that had been granted by the queen of Sweden in 1641. In 1655, New Sweden was annexed by New Netherland, this brought an end to the activities of the Swedish South Company, it was dissolved in 1680.

New Sweden
New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a colony of the Swedish Empire between 1638 and 1655 along the lower reaches of the Delaware River in what is now Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.  Established during the Thirty Years' War when Sweden was a great power, New Sweden was part of the Swedish efforts to colonize the Americas.

Settlements were established on both sides of the Delaware River. Fort Christina, located in what is now Wilmington, Delaware, was the first settlement, named after Christina, Queen of Sweden. The settlers were mostly Swedes, Finns, a number of Dutch, and some Germans. New Sweden was conquered by the Dutch Republic in 1655 and incorporated into the Dutch colony of New Netherland.
Birr, County Offaly
Birr (/ˈbɜːr/; Irish: Biorra, meaning "plain of water") is a town in County Offaly, Ireland. Between 1620 and 1899, it was called Parsonstown, after the Parsons family who were local landowners and hereditary Earls of Rosse. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

Birr is a designated Irish Heritage Town with a carefully preserved Georgian heritage. Birr itself has graceful wide streets and elegant buildings. Many of the houses in John's Place and Oxmantown Mall have exquisite fanlight windows of the Georgian period.

The town is known for Birr Castle and Gardens: the home of the Parsons family and the site of the Leviathan of Parsonstown, which was the largest telescope in the world for over 70 years.

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse KP FRS (17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867), was an English engineer and astronomer. He built several giant telescopes.
His 72-inch telescope, built in 1845 and colloquially known as the "Leviathan of Parsonstown", was the world's largest telescope, in terms of aperture size, until the early 20th century. From April 1807 until February 1841, he was styled as Baron Oxmantown.
Beaver (steamship)
Beaver was a steamship originally owned and operated by the Hudson's Bay Company.  She was the first steamship to operate in the Pacific Northwest of North America, and made remote parts of the west coast of Canada accessible for maritime fur trading.  At one point she was chartered by the Royal Navy for surveying the coastline of British Columbia. She served off the coast from 1836 until 1888, when she was wrecked.

Maritime fur trade
The maritime fur trade, a ship-based fur trade system, focused largely on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Alaska Natives. Entrepreneurs also exploited fur-bearing skins from the wider Pacific (from, for example, the Juan Fernández fur seal) and from the Southern Ocean.

The trade mostly serviced the market in Qing China, which imported furs and exported tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and in the United States.
Shire of Cardinia
The Shire of Cardinia is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the south-east of Melbourne between Western Port and the Yarra Ranges on the outskirts of Melbourne. It has an area of 1,283 square kilometres (495 sq mi), and recorded a population of 118,194 at the 2021 census.

Cardinia Shire Council Offices are located in Officer. Prior to 17 November 2014, they were located in Pakenham.

Shire of Pakenham
The Shire of Pakenham was a local government area about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The shire covered an area of 874 square kilometres (337.5 sq mi), and existed from 1862 until 1994.
Virginia State Route 184
State Route 184 (SR 184) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 3.20 miles (5.15 km) from Washington Avenue and Bay Street in Cape Charles east to U.S. Route 13 (US 13) and US 13 Business near Bayview.  SR 184 connects US 13 with Cape Charles in southern Northampton County.  The state highway is the old alignment of US 13 from when the U.S. highway used the Little Creek-Cape Charles Ferry to cross the Chesapeake Bay to Norfolk.  SR 184 was designated after US 13 was extended south to the new terminal of the Little Creek Ferry at Kiptopeke and later the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel.

Special routes of U.S. Route 13
U.S. Route 13 (US 13) runs along the Atlantic coastline for over 500 miles (800 km), passing through five states. Along its route, it possessed numerous special routes, which are all loops off the mainline US 13. At present, there are at least 15 special routes in existence: two in North Carolina, five in Virginia, two in Maryland, four in Delaware, and two in Pennsylvania. 13 others have existed in the past but have been deleted.
Freimarkt
Freimarkt (lit. Free Fair) in Bremen, Germany, first held in 1035, is one of the oldest fairs in Germany. With more than four million visitors each year, it is also considered to be the biggest funfairs in Northern Germany.

It is celebrated for 17 days in the last two weeks of October, somewhat extended from Friday to Sunday. The area covers approximately 100,000 square meters on two areas: the so-called "Kleiner Freimarkt" (lit. Small Free Fair) on the market square, and the main area at the Bürgerweide adjacent to the Main Station and the Exhibition Center.

The highlight is the "Freimarktsumzug" (lit. Free Fair Procession) held on the second Saturday of the festival. The traditional exclamation for the Freimarkt days, which is also referred to as the "fifth season", is: "Ischa Freimaak!", which can be translated as "It's Freimarkt!".

Bremer Marktplatz
The Bremer Marktplatz (Bremen Market Square) is a square situated in the centre of the Hanseatic City of Bremen. One of the oldest public squares in the city, it covers an area of 3,484 m2 (37,500 sq ft). It is no longer used as a market place except for the Christmas market and the annual Freimarkt Fair at the end of October.
Metaxina
Metaxina is the only genus in the beetle family Metaxinidae. Its only species is Metaxina ornata. It endemic to the South island of New Zealand, where it is associated with sooty mold growing on Nothofagus trees. Both the larvae and adults are likely predaceous, feeding on insects and other arthropods. It is considered to be a member of the superfamily Cleroidea. Genetic studies have suggested that Metaxina should be considered a member of Chaetosomatidae, rather than constituting its own family.

Cleroidea
Cleroidea is a small superfamily of beetles containing over 10,000 species. Most of the members of the group are somewhat slender, often with fairly soft, flexible elytra, and typically hairy or scaly.
Varmo
Varmo (Friulian: Vildivar) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Udine.

Varmo borders the following municipalities: Bertiolo, Camino al Tagliamento, Codroipo, Morsano al Tagliamento, Rivignano, Ronchis, San Michele al Tagliamento.

The Municipality of Varmo includes 9 towns, and various localities: the main town of Varmo, Santa Marizza (with Levata), Gradiscutta, Belgrado (with Casali di Belgrado), Roveredo, Romans, Canussio (with Isola Maura, beyond the Tagliamento River), Madrisio (with Casenove) and Cornazzai (with Santa Marizzutta, Casali Pepe and S. P. Ponte di Madrisio).

Morsano al Tagliamento
Morsano al Tagliamento (Standard Friulian: Morsàn da lis Ocjis,
Western Friulian: Morsan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Pordenone.
Tanaka Domain
Tanaka Domain (田中藩, Tanaka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Suruga Province in what is now modern-day Fujieda, Shizuoka. It was centered around Tanaka Castle.  Tanaka Domain was controlled by a large number of fudai daimyō clans in the course of its history, seldom for more than one generation.

Nagao Domain
Nagao Domain (長尾藩, Nagao-han) was a Japanese feudal domain of the early Meiji period, located in Awa Province. It was centered at what is now the Shirahama area of the city of Minamibōsō, Chiba in Chiba Prefecture.
Per Jonsson
Per Christer Jonsson (born 21 March 1966 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a former speedway rider who won the  Speedway World Championship in 1990, and finished runner-up in 1992. He earned 65 international caps for the Sweden national speedway team and also represented Sweden in the World Team Cup on seven occasions between 1985 and 1993.

1988 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1988 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 43rd edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

The final was held at the Vojens Speedway Center, owned by former World Champion Ole Olsen. Despite the country having won seven World Individual Championships between three riders since 1971 (Olsen, Erik Gundersen and Hans Nielsen), it was the first time Denmark hosted the World Final.

Gundersen renewed his fierce rivalry with Nielsen as both finished on 14 points to tie for the lead of the Championship. However it was Gundersen that won the toss to choose his starting gate for the run-off. He chose the outside and on a wet track he won his third title by defeating Nielsen in the run-off. Fellow Dane Jan O. Pedersen completed a clean sweep for Denmark by taking the bronze medal.
Mohanam
Mohanam is a raga in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is an audava rāga (or owdava rāga, meaning pentatonic scale). It is usually described as a janya rāga of Harikamboji (28th Melakartha Raga). However, alternate opinions suggest that Mechakalyani or even Shankarabharanam may be a more appropriate classification based on the lakshana of the raga.

The equivalent of Mohanam in Hindustani music is Bhoop (or Bhopali).

It is one of the most common pentatonic scales across the world and is very popular in East Asian and Southeast Asian music, including China and Japan.

Graha bhedam
Graha Bhedam in Carnatic music is the process (or result of the process) of shifting the Tonic note (śruti) to another note in the rāgam and arriving at a different rāgam. Its equivalent in Hindustani classical music is called a murchhana. Expressed in Western music theory terms, this is the process of arriving at a different scale by shifting to another mode in the key, i.e, modulation.

Graha literally means position and Bhedam means change. Since the position of the śruti is changed (pitch of the base note or drone), it is also sometimes called Swara Bhedam or Śruti Bhedam though Śruti Bhedam and Graha Bhedam have some technical differences.
Semi-structured data
Semi-structured data is a form of structured data that does not obey the tabular structure of data models associated with relational databases or other forms of data tables, but nonetheless contains tags or other markers to separate semantic elements and enforce hierarchies of records and fields within the data. Therefore, it is also known as self-describing structure.

In semi-structured data, the entities belonging to the same class may have different attributes even though they are grouped together, and the attributes' order is not important.

Semi-structured data are increasingly occurring since the advent of the Internet where full-text documents and databases are not the only forms of data anymore, and different applications need a medium for exchanging information. In object-oriented databases, one often finds semi-structured data.

Object Exchange Model
The Object Exchange Model  (OEM) is a model for exchanging semi-structured data between object-oriented databases. It serves as the basic data model in numerous projects of the Stanford University Database Group, including Tsimmis, Lore, and C3.

Slight variations of OEM have evolved across different Stanford projects. In Lore, labels are actually on parent-child "links" rather than objects. For example, if an OEM object has multiple parents, different parent objects may use different labels to identify that object. An atomic value encoding a person's name might be included in one complex object using the label "Author" and in another complex object using the label "Editor." In C3, additional attributes are required for each object to annotate the changes to the object that have occurred over time.
Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computational Science & Engineering
The School of Computational Science & Engineering is an academic unit located within the College of Computing at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). It conducts both research and teaching activities related to computational science and engineering at the undergraduate and graduate levels. These activities focus on "making fundamental advances in the creation and application of new computational methods and techniques in order to enable breakthroughs in scientific discovery and engineering practice."

Richard M. Fujimoto
Richard Masao Fujimoto is a computer scientist and researcher in reverse computation, distributed computing, and big data. He is a Regents’ Professor, Emeritus, in the School of Computational Science and Engineering (CSE) at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He was also the founding chair of Georgia Tech's school of CSE. Fujimoto's research has provided the basis for the development of new algorithms and computational techniques for discrete event simulations, including the development of the Georgia Tech Time Warp software, which was adopted for use by MITRE to create a commercial air traffic simulator. Fujimoto also led the development and definition of the time management services in the High Level Architecture (HLA) for modeling and simulation which was standardized under IEEE 1516.
Owensboro, Kentucky
Owensboro is a home rule-class city in Daviess County, Kentucky, United States, of which it is also the county seat. It is the fourth-most populous city in the state. Owensboro is located on U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 165 about 107 miles (172 km) southwest of Louisville, and is the principal city of the Owensboro metropolitan area. The 2020 census had its population at 60,183. The metropolitan population was estimated at 116,506. The metropolitan area is the sixth largest in the state as of 2018, and the seventh largest population center in the state when including micropolitan areas.

Diocese of Owensboro
The Diocese of Owensboro (Latin: Dioecesis Owensburgensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in western Kentucky in the United States. As of 2020, the diocese contained 78 parishes and two Newman Centers in 32 counties. The Diocese of Owensboro is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Louisville. The current bishop is William Medley.
R710 road (Ireland)
The R710 road is a regional road in Ireland. Located in the south of Ireland at Waterford, it forms the Outer Ring Road around the south of the city. As of December 2006 it commences on the Old Kilmeaden Road at Knockhouse Lower, west of Waterford City and ends at a junction with the R683 on the Dunmore Road in the south-east of the city.

The R709 forms the Inner Ring Road around the south of the inner city.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
2022–23 Slovenian PrvaLiga
The 2022–23 Slovenian PrvaLiga was the 32nd edition of the Slovenian PrvaLiga since its establishment in 1991. The season began on 15 July 2022 and ended on 20 May 2023. Olimpija Ljubljana won the league after beating Maribor 2–0 in the 31st round, clinching their third league title with five rounds to go. As champions, they qualified for the first qualifying round of the 2023–24 UEFA Champions League.

Maribor were the defending champions after winning their sixteenth title in the previous season.

2021–22 Slovenian PrvaLiga
The 2021–22 Slovenian PrvaLiga was the 31st edition of the Slovenian PrvaLiga since its establishment in 1991. The season began on 16 July 2021 and ended on 21 May 2022. Mura were the defending champions after winning their first title the previous season.

Maribor won their 16th title on the final day of the season after defeating reigning champions Mura 3–1. As winners, they qualified for the first qualifying round of the 2022–23 UEFA Champions League.
Music of Guadeloupe
The music of Guadeloupe encompasses a large popular music industry, which gained in international renown after the success of zouk music in the later 20th century. Zouk's popularity was particularly intense in France, where the genre became an important symbol of identity for Guadeloupe and Martinique. Zouk's origins are in the folk music of Guadeloupe and Martinique, especially Guadeloupan gwo ka and Martinican chouval bwa, and the pan-Caribbean calypso tradition.

Cadence-lypso
Cadence-lypso is a fusion of cadence rampa from Haiti, Jazz, Blues and calypso from Trinidad and Tobago that has also spread to other English speaking countries of the Caribbean. Originated in the 1970s by the Dominican band Exile One, it spread and became popular in the dance clubs around the Creole world and Africa as well as the French Antilles.

Gordon Henderson is the leader and founder of Exile One, and the one who coined the term cadence-lypso.
Loxsomopsis
Loxsomopsis is a genus of ferns with a single described species, Loxsomopsis pearcei, found in eastern Central and South America, from Costa Rica to Ecuador. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genus is placed in the family Loxsomataceae. Other sources place it in an expanded family Cyatheaceae.

Loxsomataceae
The Loxsomataceae are a family of ferns in the order Cyatheales with two extant genera in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Alternatively, the family may be treated as the subfamily Loxsomatoideae of a very broadly defined family Cyatheaceae, the system used in Plants of the World Online as of November 2019.

It has leaves that can be as long as 5 metres (16 ft) long. Extant species in this family are found in New Zealand, Costa Rica, and South America. Fossil species in this family, dating from as early as the Jurassic, have been found in North America, India and Japan.