hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) or anemia of chronic inflammation is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy.  These conditions all produce elevation of interleukin-6, which stimulates hepcidin production and release from the liver. Hepcidin production and release shuts down ferroportin, a protein that controls export of iron from the gut and from iron storing cells (e.g. macrophages). As a consequence, circulating iron levels are reduced. Other mechanisms may also play a role, such as reduced erythropoiesis. It is also known as anemia of inflammation, or anemia of inflammatory response.

Human iron metabolism
Human iron metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain human homeostasis of iron at the systemic and cellular level.  Iron is both necessary to the body and potentially toxic. Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. Hematologists have been especially interested in systemic iron metabolism, because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained. Understanding iron metabolism is also important for understanding diseases of iron overload, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, and iron deficiency, such as iron-deficiency anemia.

A 2024 review examined iron metabolism and its interactions with calcium, magnesium, and selected trace elements (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, and nickel), as well as their roles in certain diseases.
Religion in Kenya
Christianity is the dominant religion in Kenya, adhered to by an estimated 85.5% of the total population. Islam is the second largest religion in Kenya, practiced by 10.9 percent of Kenyans. Other faiths practiced in Kenya are Baháʼí, Buddhism, Hinduism and traditional religions.

Kenya is a secular state and freedom of religion is enshrined in the nation's constitution. Christmas and Easter are recognised as public holidays.

Catholic Church in Kenya
The Catholic Church in Kenya is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Kenyan Conference of Catholic Bishops and the Pope in the Vatican City.

The earliest traces of the Catholic Church in Kenya begin with the missionaries that penetrated the state in 1498, led by Vasco da Gama. Due to regional conflict, poor transportation, and a largely nomadic presence, it became more established in northern Kenya during the twentieth century.
St James Street, Monmouth
St James Street is a historic street in the town centre of Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales. It appears as a segment of Whitecross Street on the 1610 map of the town by cartographer John Speed and is within the medieval town walls. On more recent maps, it extends from St James Square southwest to Almshouse Street. In 2010, the street was the site of discovery of Mesolithic era artefacts. St James Street is lined with numerous listed buildings.

Monmouth Methodist Church
Monmouth Methodist Church is located in Monmouth, south east Wales.  It is set well back from St James Street between buildings. Designed by George Vaughan Maddox and built in 1837, it retains its original galleries, organ loft and sophisticated pulpit.

In common with many non-conformist places of worship in the town built when town authority lay very much with the established church, it was deliberately set back behind the houses to avoid making too prominent a challenge to the established order. This is one of 24 buildings on the Monmouth Heritage Trail and is Grade II* listed.
Edward Tripp
Edward Tripp (March 9, 1920, National City, California – April 6, 1999, Franklin, North Carolina) lived in Hamden, Connecticut and died in 1999 at the age of 79. He worked as  a children's literature author, and an editor at Thomas Y. Crowell before becoming editor-in-chief at Yale University Press.  He is best known for his books The Tin Fiddle (1954) (illustrated by Maurice Sendak) and The New Tuba (1955) (illustrated by Veronica Reed), as well as his work on the Meridian Handbook of Classical Mythology (1970), previously titled Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology. The Crowell\Meridian Handbook of Classical Mythology functions as a reader's companion to classical mythology and is formatted as an alphabetical encyclopedia that offers direct transliteration of Greek mythology.

Maurice Sendak
Maurice Bernard Sendak (/ˈsɛndæk/; June 10, 1928 – May 8, 2012) was an American author and illustrator of children's books. Born to Polish-Jewish parents, his childhood was impacted by the death of many of his family members during the Holocaust. Sendak illustrated his own books as well as those by other authors, such as the Little Bear series by Else Holmelund Minarik. He achieved acclaim with Where the Wild Things Are (1963), the first of a trilogy followed by In the Night Kitchen (1970) and Outside Over There (1981). He also designed sets for operas, notably Mozart's The Magic Flute.

In 1987, Sendak was the subject of an American Masters documentary, "Mon Cher Papa". In 1996, he received the National Medal of Arts. Per Margalit Fox, Sendak, "the most important children's book artist of the 20th century", "wrenched the picture book out of the safe, sanitized world of the nursery and plunged it into the dark, terrifying and hauntingly beautiful recesses of the human psyche."
The Mad Trapper (1972 film)
The Mad Trapper is a 1972 British made-for-television docudrama film. The Mad Trapper is based on the 1931 Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) pursuit of a trapper named Albert Johnson, the reputed "Mad Trapper of Rat River".

A later film exploring the same topic was Challenge to Be Free (a.k.a.  Mad Trapper of the Yukon and Mad Trapper) (1975) directed by Tay Garnett and stars Mike Mazurki. A later fictionalized account, Death Hunt (1981), also based on the story of the  RCMP pursuit of  Albert Johnson, was directed by Peter R. Hunt, and starred Charles Bronson, Lee Marvin, Angie Dickinson and Carl Weathers.

Albert Johnson (criminal)
Albert Johnson (c. 1890–1900 – February 17, 1932), also known as the Mad Trapper of Rat River, was a fugitive whose actions stemming from a trapping dispute eventually sparked a huge manhunt in the Northwest Territories and Yukon in Northern Canada. The event became a media circus as Johnson eluded the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) team sent to take him into custody, which ended after a 150 mi (240 km) pursuit lasting more than a month and a shootout in which Johnson was fatally wounded on the Eagle River, Yukon. Albert Johnson is suspected to have been a pseudonym and his true identity remains unknown.
Garibaldi, British Columbia
Garibaldi, originally named Daisy Lake and also known as Garibaldi Lodge and Garibaldi Townsite, is a locality and ghost town in British Columbia, Canada, on the Cheakamus River around its confluence with Rubble Creek and just south of Daisy Lake. The CN railway (formerly BC Rail) and British Columbia Highway 99 traverses it north–south.

Although some buildings remain, including public works facilities, the community is now officially depopulated due to the geohazard posed by The Barrier, a lava dam holding back Garibaldi Lake that has collapsed at various points in the past; Rubble Creek, the source of which is Garibaldi Lake, gets its name from the large boulder field created by successive degenerations of The Barrier.

Garibaldi Lake
Garibaldi Lake is a turquoise-coloured alpine lake in British Columbia, Canada, located 37 km (23 mi) north of Squamish and 19 km (12 mi) south of Whistler. The lake lies within Garibaldi Provincial Park, which features mountains, glaciers, trails, forests, flowers, meadows, waterfalls. The park is a wildlife protected area.
Eastern Transbaikalian Front
The Eastern Transbaikalian Front (Russian: Восто́чно-Забайка́льский фронт) was a Soviet partisan front from  April 21, 1919, to October 7, 1920.

Initially it consisted of three regiments which had fought against Grigory Semyonov's troops and the Japanese Expeditionary Corps. Its headquarters was in villages Bogdat and Zilovo. By September 1919 the front had already included  6 cavalry and 2 infantry regiments and 1 Chinese platoon, all in all, there were 3,000 soldiers. Its troops took part in the Battle of Bogdat.

On May 22, 1920, the front joined the 2nd Rifle Division of the Amur Front. The front together with the Amur Front was responsible for retaking Chita in October 1920.

Grigory Semyonov (general)
Grigory Mikhaylovich Semyonov, or Semenov (Russian: Григо́рий Миха́йлович Семёнов; September 25, 1890 – August 30, 1946), was a Japanese-supported leader of the White movement in Transbaikal and beyond from December 1917 to November 1920, a lieutenant general, and the ataman of Baikal Cossacks (1919). He was the commander of the Far Eastern Army during the Russian Civil War. He was also a prominent figure in the White Terror. U.S. Army intelligence estimated that he was responsible for executing 30,000 people in one year.
Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Foreign Language Film
The Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Foreign Language Film (Best Film Not in the English Language) is an annual film award given by the Online Film Critics Society to honor the best foreign language film of the year.

Online Film Critics Society
The Online Film Critics Society (OFCS) is an international professional association of online film journalists, historians and scholars who publish their work on the World Wide Web. The organization was founded in January 1997 by Harvey S. Karten, an early online critic who discovered that membership in the New York Film Critics Circle was open only to journalists working for newspapers and magazines. Online critics have generally found it difficult to gain acceptance for their work, and one role of the OFCS is to provide professional recognition to the most prolific and successful online critics.

Since 1997, the OFCS has given out annual awards that recognize the best films in about seventeen categories. These awards are noted in the established print media such as Variety and The Hollywood Reporter, and are included in their annual speculation about the ultimate winners of the Academy Awards.
New York City's 12th City Council district
New York City's 12th City Council district is one of 51 districts in the New York City Council. It has been represented by Democrat Kevin Riley since a 2020 special election to replace disgraced fellow Democrat Andy King.

New York's 36th State Senate district
New York's 36th State Senate district is one of 63 districts in the New York State Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Jamaal Bailey since 2017; Bailey succeeded fellow Democrat Ruth Hassell-Thompson after she took a position in the administration of Governor Andrew Cuomo.
Yellow Smoke Park Bridge
Yellow Smoke Park Bridge is located on the eastern edge of Denison, Iowa, United States.  Steel was in short supply during World War II as a part of the war effort. Many bridges built across the state were built in this era with timber, especially small-scale bridges.  Heavy flooding washed out 27 bridges and culverts in Crawford County in May 1945.  The county board of supervisors used emergency funds to build new bridges.  They bought several steel superstructures from the Des Moines Steel Company to replace the washed-out spans.  The bowstring arch-truss structures appear to have been designed by H. Gene McKeown, a civil engineer from Council Bluffs.  This bridge is one several similar structures built in the county, and one of five that still remain.  It was moved to serve a pedestrian path in a county park around 1986.  The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Denison, Iowa
Denison is a city in Crawford County, Iowa, United States, along the Boyer River, and located in both Denison Township and East Boyer Township. The population was 8,373 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Crawford County.
Enerhodar Dnipro Powerline Crossing
Enerhodar Dnipro Powerline Crossing consists of two overhead power lines that cross the Kakhovka Reservoir on the Dnipro river. They cross from Enerhodar and its two power stations on the south side to near Marhanets on the north side.

Enerhodar
Enerhodar (/ˌɛnərˈhoʊdɑːr/ EN-ər-HOH-dar; Ukrainian: Енергодар, IPA: [enerɦoˈdɑr], lit. 'energy's gift'; Russian: Энергодар, romanized: Energodar) is a city and municipality in the northwest of Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine. It is on the left bank of the Dnieper River, on the opposite side of the Kakhovka Reservoir from Nikopol and Chervonohryhorivka. Its main industry is electricity generation, at coal-fired and large nuclear power stations. It has an estimated population of 52,237 (2022 estimate). About 11,000 residents work at the nuclear power station. Since early 2022, it has been under Russian occupation.
Nibe Municipality
Nibe Municipality (Danish: Nibe Kommune), created in 1970, ceased to exit on January 1, 2007 due to Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007). It was merged with Hals Municipality, Sejlflod Municipality and Aalborg Municipality to form the new Aalborg Municipality.

The former municipality covered an area of 185 km2, and had a total population of 8,283 (2005). Its last mayor was Jens Østergaard Madsen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party.

Aalborg Municipality
Ålborg Municipality (Danish: Ålborg Kommune) is a municipality in North Jutland Region on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark. The municipality straddles the Limfjord, the waterway which connects the North Sea and the Kattegat east-to-west, and which separates the main body of the Jutland peninsula from the island of Vendsyssel-Thy north-to-south. It has a land area of 1,143.99 km2 (441.70 sq mi) and a population of 224,612 (1 January 2025).

It is also the name of the municipality's main city Aalborg and the site of its municipal council, as well as the name of a seaport.

The municipality and the town have chosen to retain the traditional spelling of the name as Aalborg, although the new spelling Ålborg is used in other contexts, such as Ålborg Bight (Ålborg Bugt), the body of water which lies to the east of the Jutland peninsula.
Codex Bezae
The Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis ('Beza's Cambridge Book') is a bi-lingual Greek and Latin manuscript of the New Testament written in an uncial hand on parchment. It is designated by the siglum Dea or 05 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 5 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. It contains most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small fragment of 3 John. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is currently dated to the 5th century.

Codex Bezae is renowned for having a distinctive text of the four Gospels and Acts, and is a leading member of the "Western" recension. The manuscript has been studied extensively.

A digital facsimile of the codex is available from Cambridge University Library, which holds the manuscript.

Uncial script
Uncial is a majuscule script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters were used to write Greek and Latin, as well as Gothic, and are the current style for Coptic and Nobiin.
Elma, New York
For other places with this name, see Elma.

Elma is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 11,721 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the  American elm tree.

Elma is in the county's central area, southeast of Buffalo. It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Li Yonghong
Li Yonghong (born 16 September 1969) is a Chinese businessman and investor who first came into the public eye in 2016 when he succeeded Silvio Berlusconi as the owner of the Italian football club A.C. Milan. Li is also known for his stock market transactions in mainland China.

Li Yonghong was born in Guantang Village, Daqiao Town, Huazhou, Maoming, Guangdong Province. He also had a citizenship in the Hong Kong S.A.R. of China by migrating there in 1994 (claimed by himself), which was considered as a "foreign" investor in mainland China due to separate legal jurisdiction of Hong Kong from the rest of China.

Elliott Investment Management
Elliott Investment Management L.P. is an American investment management firm. It is also one of the largest activist funds in the world.

It is the management affiliate of American hedge funds Elliott Associates L.P. and Elliott International Limited. The Elliott Corporation was founded by Paul Singer, who is co-CEO, president, and co-chief investment officer.

Originally founded in New York City, the firm moved its headquarters to West Palm Beach, Florida in 2020.
Vyros Gorge
The Vyros Gorge (Greek: Φαράγγι του Βυρού) is a deep river gorge in the Taygetus Mountains on the Mani Peninsula in the Peloponnese in southern Greece. The gorge runs from the foot of Mount Taygetus (known locally as "Profitis Ilias") to the town of Kardamyli on the Messenian Gulf. In summer it remains dry but can flood spectacularly in the winter, turning into a river and transporting tree branches and rocks to its mouth in Kardamyli.

Vyros Gorge has several walking paths which lead to nearby monasteries.

Taygetus
The Taygetus, Taugetus, Taygetos or Taÿgetus (Greek: Ταΰγετος, romanized: Taygetos) is a mountain range on the Peloponnese peninsula in Southern Greece. The highest mountain of the range is Mount Taygetus, also known as "Profitis Ilias", or "Prophet Elias" (Elijah).

The name is one of the oldest recorded in Europe, appearing in the Odyssey. In classical mythology, it was associated to the nymph Taygete and it was named after her. During Byzantine times and up until the 19th century, the mountain was also known as Pentadaktylos (Πενταδάκτυλος; Greek for five-fingered, a common name during that period).
Chit (consciousness)
Chit (Sanskrit: चित् or Cit) is a Sanskrit word meaning consciousness. It is a core principle in all ancient spiritual traditions originating from the Indian subcontinent, including Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism.

Saccidānanda
Saccidānanda (Sanskrit: सच्चिदानन्द; also Sat-cit-ānanda) is an epithet and description for the subjective experience of the ultimate unchanging reality, called Brahman, in certain branches of Hindu philosophy, especially Vedanta. It represents "existence, consciousness, and bliss" or "truth, consciousness, bliss".
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh (Latin: "Archidioecesis Ardmachana"; Irish: "Ard-Deoise Ard Mhacha") is a Latin ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church situated in Northern Ireland. Its ordinary is the Archbishop of Armagh, who serves concurrently as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Armagh and holds the title of Primate of All Ireland, the highest-ranking prelate in the Irish Catholic hierarchy.

The mother church of the archdiocese is St Patrick's Cathedral, a site of profound historical and spiritual significance. The archdiocese’s claim to primatial status is rooted in its founding by Saint Patrick circa 445, establishing it as the principal see of Irish Christianity. Its recognition as a metropolitan province was formalized in 1152 by the Synod of Kells, affirming its ecclesial preeminence.

The current archbishop, Eamon Martin, has held office since 2024. He is assisted by auxiliary bishop Michael Router, appointed in 2019.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuam
The Archdiocese of Tuam (/ˈtjuːəm/ TEW-əm; Irish: Ard-Deoise Thuama) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church  located in western Ireland. The archdiocese is led by the Archbishop of Tuam, who serves as pastor of the mother church, the Cathedral of the Assumption and Metropolitan of the Metropolitan Province of Tuam. According to tradition, the "Diocese of Tuam" was established in the 6th century by St. Jarlath. The ecclesiastical province, roughly co-extensive with the secular province of Connacht, was created in 1152 by the Synod of Kells.

The incumbent Ordinary is Francis Duffy.
Patent misuse
In United States patent law, patent misuse is a patent holder's use of a patent to restrain trade beyond enforcing the exclusive rights that a lawfully obtained patent provides. If a court finds that a patent holder committed patent misuse, the court may rule that the patent holder has lost the right to enforce the patent. Patent misuse that restrains economic competition substantially can also violate United States antitrust law.

Inequitable conduct
In United States patent law, inequitable conduct is a breach of the applicant's duty of candor and good faith during patent prosecution or similar proceedings by misrepresenting or omitting material information with the specific intent to deceive the United States Patent and Trademark Office. A claim of inequitable conduct is a defense to allegations of patent infringement. Even in an instance when a valid patent suffers infringement, a court ruling on an allegation of infringement may exercise its power of equitable discretion not to enforce the patent if the patentee (the patent owner) has engaged in inequitable conduct.
Paul Shaffer
Paul Allen Wood Shaffer CM (born November 28, 1949) is a Canadian musician, actor, and comedian who served as David Letterman's musical director, bandleader, and sidekick on Late Night with David Letterman (1982–1993) and Late Show with David Letterman (1993–2015).

Donald Fagen
Donald Jay Fagen (born January 10, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and musician who is the co-founder, lead singer, co-songwriter, and keyboardist of the rock band Steely Dan, formed in the early 1970s with musical partner Walter Becker. In addition to his contributions to Steely Dan, Fagen has released four solo albums, beginning with The Nightfly in 1982, which was nominated for seven Grammys.

In 2001, Fagen was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Steely Dan. Following Becker's death in 2017, Fagen continues to tour using the band name.