hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shiro (kickboxer)
Shiro Matsumoto (松本志朗, Matsumoto Shirō; born June 23, 1993), better known by his ring name Shiro, is a Japanese Muay Thai fighter and kickboxer. He currently competes in the bantamweight division of RISE, where he is the inaugural and current RISE Bantamweight World champion.

Shiro is the 2020 RISE DoA Bantamweight tournament winner, the 2021 RISE DoA Super Flyweight tournament runner-up and the 2019 RISE World Series tournament runner-up. As a muay thai fighter, he held the Rangsit Stadium International Bantamweight championship and the ISKA Muay Thai World Bantamweight championship.

Since August 2023, Shiro has been ranked as the best flyweight (-56.7kg) kickboxer in the world by Combat Press and the best super flyweight (-55kg) kickboxer by Beyond Kick. Combat Press has continually ranked him as a top ten fighter under 58 kg since September 2020.
He’s currently #6 in the pound for pound rankings.

Toki Tamaru
Toki Tamaru (born February 6, 2002) is a Japanese kickboxer, currently competing in the super flyweight division of RISE. He is the former RISE Flyweight champion, the former RISE Super Flyweight champion and the RISE -54 kg World Series Tournament Winner. As of August 2025, he is ranked number one in the world at (54 kilogram and below) and ranked 7th in the pound for pound.
Alan Hinkes
Alan Hinkes OBE (born 26 April 1954) is an English Himalayan high-altitude mountaineer from Northallerton in North Yorkshire. He is the first British mountaineer to claim all 14 Himalayan eight-thousanders (mountains above 8,000 m (26,247 ft) in height), a feat he completed on 30 May 2005.

Elizabeth Hawley
Elizabeth Hawley (9 November 1923 – 26 January 2018) was an American journalist, author, and chronicler of Himalayan mountaineering expeditions.  Hawley's The Himalayan Database became the unofficial record for climbs in the Nepalese Himalaya.  She was also the honorary consul in Nepal for New Zealand.
Lyngseidet
Lyngseidet (Norwegian), Muotki or Ivgumuotki (Northern Sami), or Muotka (Kven) is the administrative centre of Lyngen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is located on an isthmus that is about 3 km (1.9 mi) wide between an arm of the Ullsfjorden and the Lyngenfjorden.

The village is home to two grocery stores, Lyngen Church, nursing home, schools, daycare, pharmacy and library. A 9-metre (30 ft) tall plastic  figure Santa Claus named Gollis is also located here. Lyngseidet is located 15 km (9.3 mi) north of the village of Furuflaten and 12 km (7.5 mi) by ferry from Olderdalen, in the neighboring Kåfjord Municipality. The 0.88-square-kilometre (220-acre) village has a population (2023) of 736 and a population density of 836 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,170/sq mi).

Gollis
Gollis is a Norwegian tourist attraction. It is a 9-metre (30 ft) tall Santa Claus made out of plastic materials. It is located in Lyngseidet in Lyngen Municipality in Troms county. Lyngseidet is 15 km north of the village of Furuflaten and 12 km by ferry from Olderdalen.

It has been claimed to be the world's biggest Santa Claus.
Isle of Thanet Rural District
The Isle of Thanet Rural District was a rural district covering part of the Isle of Thanet in the county of Kent, England, from 1894 to 1935. Most of its former area is now part of the Thanet district.

When the district was created several ancient parishes were split to create urban and rural parts. Northdown was created from the part of Margate St John the Baptist that was outside the Municipal Borough of Margate, St Lawrence Extra was created from the part of St Lawrence that was outside the Municipal Borough of Ramsgate. St Peter Extra was created from the part of St Peter's that was not part of Broadstairs and St Peter's Urban District.

It included the following civil parishes:

The rural district was abolished in 1935 by the County of Kent Review Order, 1935.

Thanet District
Thanet /ˈθænɪt/ is a local government district in Kent, England. The council is based in Margate and the district also contains the towns of Broadstairs, Ramsgate and Westgate-on-Sea, along with several villages. It takes its name from the Isle of Thanet, a former island which gradually became connected to the mainland between the 12th and 16th centuries.

The district lies on the north-eastern tip of Kent, bordering the City of Canterbury to the west and Dover District to the south. It is predominantly coastal, with north, east and southeast-facing coastlines.
Arnold of Gascony
Arnold (also Arnaut or Arnaud) (died 864) was the Count of Fézensac and briefly Duke of Gascony in 864. He was the son of Emenon, Count of Périgord, and Sancha, daughter of Sancho Sánchez of Gascony. He made his claim on Gascony on his uncle's death.

In 863, King Charles the Bald nominated him Count of Angoulême and Bordeaux. The next year he became duke defending the Gascon frontier, but he died fighting the Norsemen within months.

Duchy of Gascony
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia was an ethnic Basque duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the modern region of Gascony. The Duchy of Gascony, then known as Vasconia, was originally a Frankish march formed to hold sway over the Basques. However, the duchy went through different periods, from its early years with its distinctively Basque element to the merger in personal union with the Duchy of Aquitaine to the later period as a dependency of the Plantagenet kings of England.

Gascony was under continuous English rule for approximately 300 years, from 1152 to 1453. Charles VII of France reconquered the territory as a final act of the Hundred Years' War and the northern part of the territory was annexed by the Kingdom of France in 1453. The corresponding portion within the Iberian Peninsula became the Kingdom of Navarre.
Ideal on a set
In mathematics, an ideal on a set is a family of subsets that is closed under subsets and finite unions. Informally, sets that belong to the ideal are considered "small" or "negligible".

The concept is generalized both by ideals on a partially ordered set (an ideal on a set  is an ideal on the powerset  partially ordered by inclusion), and by ideals on rings (an ideal on  is an ideal on the Boolean ring ). The notion dual to ideals is filters.

Filter (mathematics)
In mathematics, a filter or order filter is a special subset of a partially ordered set (poset), describing "large" or "eventual" elements. Filters appear in order and lattice theory, but also topology, whence they originate. The notion dual to a filter is an order ideal.

Special cases of filters include ultrafilters, which are filters that cannot be enlarged, and describe nonconstructive techniques in mathematical logic.

Filters on sets were introduced by Henri Cartan in 1937. Nicolas Bourbaki, in their book Topologie Générale, popularized filters as an alternative to E. H. Moore and Herman L. Smith's 1922 notion of a net; order filters generalize this notion from the specific case of a power set under inclusion to arbitrary partially ordered sets. Nevertheless, the theory of power-set filters retains interest in its own right, in part for substantial applications in topology.
Enstone
Enstone is a village and civil parish in England, about 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Chipping Norton and 15 miles (24 km) north-west of Oxford city. The civil parish, one of Oxfordshire's largest, consists of the villages of Church Enstone and Neat Enstone, with the hamlets of Chalford, Cleveley, Fulwell, Gagingwell, Lidstone and Radford. The 2011 Census put the parish population as 1,139 living in 453 households. It was estimated at 1,256 in 2019.

Fulwell, Oxfordshire
Fulwell is a hamlet in the civil parish of Enstone in Oxfordshire, England.  It lies about 4.5 miles (7 km) southeast of Chipping Norton. Fulwell's toponym is derived from its "foul well".   The hamlet was part of the manor of Spelsbury in the ancient parish and later civil parish of Spelsbury.  In 1985 Fulwell was transferred to the civil parish of Enstone.
Olveston
Olveston is a small village and larger parish in South Gloucestershire, England. The parish comprises the villages of Olveston and Tockington, and the hamlets of Old Down, Ingst and Awkley. The civil parish population at the 2011 census was 2,033. Alveston became a separate church parish in 1846. The district has been inhabited since the Stone Age, and the salt marshes that made up almost half of the parish, were progressively drained in Roman and Saxon times. A sea wall was constructed at the same time to prevent flooding from the nearby estuary of the River Severn.

The civil parish forms part of the Severn electoral ward. The parish stretches northwards to Hill. The Severn ward population at the 2011 census was 3,628.

Awkley
Awkley is a hamlet in the parish of Olveston in South Gloucestershire, England. It lies just off the M4 and M48 junctions. Several streams run in the area including Tockington Mill Rhine, Moor Rhine, Niatt Rhine and Sandy Rhine.
One notable building at Awkley is the former Ebenezer chapel, dated to 1850. Now known as "The Vine", it reopened for worship in August 2006.

A will dated 1632 showed that the hamlet (known as "Awklers"), was owned by a William Tovy, who held it in socage from the manor of Tockington. He left it to his son and heir, Edward Tovy.
Syringoma
Syringomas are benign eccrine sweat duct tumors, typically found clustered on eyelids, although they may also be found in the armpits, abdomen, chest, neck, scalp, or groin area, including genitals, in a symmetric pattern.: 663   They are skin-colored or yellowish firm, rounded bumps, 1–3 mm in diameter, and may be confused with xanthoma, milia, hidrocystoma, trichoepithelioma, and xanthelasma.  They are more common in women and are most commonly found in middle-aged Asian women.  While they can present at any time in life, they typically present during adolescence.  They are usually not associated with any other symptoms, although can sometimes cause itchiness or irritation.

Xanthelasma
Xanthelasma is a sharply demarcated yellowish deposit of cholesterol underneath the skin. It usually occurs on or around the eyelids (xanthelasma palpebrarum, abbreviated XP). While they are neither harmful to the skin nor painful, these minor growths may be disfiguring and can be removed. There is a growing body of evidence for the association between xanthelasma deposits and blood low-density lipoprotein levels and increased risk of atherosclerosis.

A xanthelasma may be referred to as a xanthoma when becoming larger and nodular, assuming tumorous proportions. Xanthelasma is often classified simply as a subtype of xanthoma.
Modderfontein (East Rand)
Modderfontein is a small town on the East Rand of Gauteng, South Africa. It began as a mining town adjacent to the Mud River, hence its name which is Afrikaans for "mud spring" or "fountain". It is located in the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, adjacent to Kempton Park in the neighbouring City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality.

Kempton Park, South Africa
Kempton Park is a city in the East Rand region of Gauteng province, South Africa. It is part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. It is situated south of Thembisa, one of the largest townships in South Africa, which is also part of Ekurhuleni. South Africa's busiest airport, O. R. Tambo International Airport is located in Kempton Park.

The name of the city is sometimes written as "Kemptonpark" in Afrikaans.
Shire of Marble Bar
The Shire of Marble Bar was a local government area in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
It was established as the Bamboo Road District on 4 September 1896, and was based in the now-former town of Bamboo Creek. The first election was held in January 1897.

It was renamed the Marble Bar Road District on 28 March 1904, after which the board seat moved to Marble Bar.

It was declared a shire and named the Shire of Marble Bar with effect from 1 July 1961 following the passage of the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires.

The shire ceased to exist on 27 May 1972, when it amalgamated with the Shire of Nullagine to form the Shire of East Pilbara.

Senator and Liberal Party powerbroker Noel Crichton-Browne and state parliamentarians George Miles and Arthur Bickerton served on the board before their respective elections to parliament, with Miles serving as road board chairman and Crichton-Browne as shire president.

Shire of Nullagine
The Shire of Nullagine was a local government area in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.

It was formally established as the Nullagine Road District on 8 July 1898, with part of its territory being severed from the Pilbarra Road District (which evolved into the Town of Port Hedland). It was based in the town of Nullagine. However, its practical establishment and the inaugural election of board members was delayed well into 1899 due to local "differences of opinion".

It was declared a shire and named the Shire of Nullagine with effect from 1 July 1961 following the passage of the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires.

The shire ceased to exist on 27 May 1972, when it amalgamated with the Shire of Marble Bar to form the Shire of East Pilbara.

Politician Noel Butcher was a member of the Nullagine Roads Board prior to his election to parliament.
Novellana
Novellana is one of nine parishes (administrative divisions) in the Cudillero municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population was 317 in 2007.

Cudillero
Cudillero (Asturian: Cuideiru) is a municipality in the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Nowadays, Cudillero's main economic activities are related to tourism, but it is also known for its fishing industry. A legend says that it was founded by the Vikings. In addition to Castillian some locals still speak a dialect called Pixueto.

Cudillero is often described in the Spanish media as one of the country's most beautiful villages.
Frederick Krafft
Frederick Krafft (1860–August 31, 1933) was an American socialist political activist and politician. Twice nominated by the Socialist Party of America as its candidate for Governor of New Jersey and twice a candidate for United States Congress, Krafft is best remembered as the defendant in a 1918 trial for alleged violation of the Espionage Act. Krafft later was the only person convicted under this law to receive a full executive pardon from President Woodrow Wilson.

Ridgefield, New Jersey
Ridgefield is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 11,501, an increase of 469 (+4.3%) from the 2010 census count of 11,032, which in turn reflected an increase of 202 (+1.9%) from the 10,830 counted in the 2000 census.

Ridgefield was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 26, 1892, from portions of Ridgefield Township. The borough was named for the area's terrain.
Statue of Ronald Reagan (U.S. Capitol)
Ronald Reagan is a bronze sculpture depicting the American politician of the same name by Chas Fagan, installed at the United States Capitol's rotunda, in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. The statue was donated by the U.S. state of California in 2009, and replaced one depicting Thomas Starr King, which the state had gifted in 1931. The statue stands on top of fragments from the Berlin Wall.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
Clay Township, Howard County, Indiana
Clay Township is one of eleven townships in Howard County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,036, up from 3,885 in 2010. This township also contains a small portion of Kokomo. The population of the Kokomo portion, however, is zero.

Howard County, Indiana
Howard County is one of 92 counties in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,658. The county seat is Kokomo. Originally named Richardville County, it was renamed in 1846 to commemorate General Tilghman Ashurst Howard.

Howard County comprises the Kokomo, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Airline hub
An airline hub or hub airport is an airport used by one or more airlines to concentrate passenger traffic and flight operations. Hubs serve as transfer (or stop-over) points to help get passengers to their final destination. It is part of the hub-and-spoke system. An airline may operate flights from several non-hub (spoke) cities to the hub airport, and passengers traveling between spoke cities connect through the hub. This paradigm creates economies of scale that allow an airline to serve (via an intermediate connection) city-pairs that could otherwise not be economically served non-stop. This system contrasts with the point-to-point model, in which there are no hubs and nonstop flights are instead offered between spoke cities. Hub airports also serve origin and destination (O&D) traffic.

Spoke–hub distribution paradigm
The spoke–hub distribution paradigm (also known as the hub-and-spoke system) is a form of transport topology optimization in which traffic planners organize routes as a series of spokes that connect outlying points to a central "hub". Simple forms of this distribution/connection model contrast with point-to-point transit systems, in which each point has a direct route to every other point, and which modeled the principal method of transporting passengers and freight until the 1970s. Delta Air Lines pioneered the spoke–hub distribution model in 1955. In the late 1970s the telecommunications and information technology sector subsequently adopted this distribution topology, dubbing it the star network network topology.

"Hubbing" involves "the arrangement of a transportation network as a hub-and-spoke model".
Adelaide Educational Institution
Adelaide Educational Institution was a privately run non-sectarian academy for boys in Adelaide founded in 1852 by John Lorenzo Young.

He avoided rote learning, punishment and religious instruction, but taught moral philosophy, physiology, political economy and mechanical drawing ... (and) surveying on field trips.

The school closed when he retired in 1880. By this time Prince Alfred College had emerged as a suitable school for well-to-do Protestants to send their sons.

Edward Dewhirst
Edward Dewhirst (30 August 1815 – 4 February 1904) was a well-known South Australian minister of religion and educationist, born in Suffolk, England. His five children were also prominent in business and public life.
Camellia
Camellia (pronounced /kə.ˈmɛ.li.ə/ or /kə.ˈmiː.li.ə/) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in tropical and subtropical areas in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species; almost all are found in southern China and Indochina.: 66  Camellias are popular ornamental, tea, and woody-oil plants cultivated worldwide for centuries. Over 26,000 cultivars, with more than 51,000 cultivar names, including synonyms, have been registered or published.

The leaves of C. sinensis are processed to create tea, and so are of particular economic importance in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, with the processed leaves widely sold and consumed globally. The ornamental C. japonica, C. sasanqua and their hybrids are the source of hundreds of garden cultivars. C. oleifera produces tea seed oil, used in cooking and cosmetics.

The Lady of the Camellias
The Lady of the Camellias (French: La Dame aux Camélias) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas fils. First published in 1848 and subsequently adapted by Dumas for the stage, the play premiered at the Théâtre du Vaudeville in Paris, France, on February 2, 1852. It was an instant success. Shortly thereafter, Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi set about putting the story to music in the 1853 opera La traviata, with female protagonist Marguerite Gautier renamed  Violetta Valéry.

In some of the English-speaking world, The Lady of the Camellias became known as Camille, and sixteen versions have been performed at Broadway theatres alone. The title character is Marguerite Gautier, who is based on Marie Duplessis, the real-life lover of the author.
Hunde language
Hunde (Kihunde; also Luhunde, Kobi, Rukobi) is a Great Lakes Bantu language spoken by the Hunde people or Bahunde in Nord-Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is primarily spoken in the territories of Masisi, Walikale, Nyiragongo, Rutshuru and Kalahe.

Great Lakes Bantu languages
The Great Lakes Bantu languages, also known as Lacustrine Bantu and Bantu zone J, are a group of Bantu languages of East Africa. They were recognized as a group by the Tervuren team, who posited them as an additional zone (zone J) to Guthrie's largely geographic classification of Bantu.
Aperture (computer memory)
In computing, an aperture is a portion of physical address space (i.e. physical memory) that is associated with a particular peripheral device or a memory unit. Apertures may reach external devices such as ROM or RAM chips, or internal memory on the CPU itself.

Typically, a memory device attached to a computer accepts addresses starting at zero, and so a system with more than one such device would have ambiguous addressing. To resolve this, the memory logic will contain several aperture selectors, each containing a range selector and an interface to one of the memory devices.

The set of selector address ranges of the apertures are disjoint. When the CPU presents a physical address within the range recognized by an aperture, the aperture unit routes the request (with the address remapped to a zero base) to the attached device. Thus, apertures form a layer of address translation below the level of the usual virtual-to-physical mapping.

Computer data storage
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.: 15–16

Generally, the faster and volatile storage components are referred to as "memory", while slower persistent components are referred to as "storage". This distinction was extended in the Von Neumann architecture, where the central processing unit (CPU) consists of two main parts: The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The former controls the flow of data between the CPU and memory, while the latter performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. In practice, almost all computers use a memory hierarchy,: 468–473  which puts memory close to the CPU and storage further away.

In modern computers, hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) are usually used as storage.