hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Aral Sea
The South Aral Sea is a lake in the basin of the former Aral Sea that formed in 1987 when that body divided in two, due to diversion of river inflow for agriculture. In 2003, the South Aral Sea itself split into eastern and western basins, the Eastern Sea and the West Aral Sea, connected by a narrow channel (channel bed at an elevation of 29 m (95 ft)) that balanced surface levels but did not allow mixing, and in 2005 the North Aral Sea was dammed to prevent the collapse of its fisheries, cutting off the only remaining inflow to the southern lakes. In 2008, the Eastern Sea split again, and in May 2009 had almost completely dried out, leaving only the small permanent Barsakelmes Lake between the Northern and Western Seas and increasing the expanse of the Aralkum desert. In 2010, it was partially filled again by meltwater, and by 2014 was once again dry. The West Aral Sea has some replenishment from groundwater in the northwest.

Aralkum Desert
The Aralkum Desert (Uzbek: Orolqum choʻli, Оролқум чўли, Kazakh: Аралқұм шөлі, Russian: Пустыня Аралкум) is a desert that has appeared since 1960 on the seabed once occupied by the Aral Sea. It lies to the south and east of what remains of the Eastern Basin Aral Sea in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. It is currently the youngest desert in the world.
Anguillospora
Anguillospora is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Amniculicolaceae. It was circumscribed by Cecil Terence Ingold in 1942, with Anguillospora longissima assigned as the type species. It was found as a root endophytic fungus in the plant Equisetum scirpoides. It is related to the genera Amniculicola and Lophiostoma. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution.

Amniculicolaceae
Amniculicolaceae is a family of fungi belonging to the order Pleosporales. First described in 2009 by Y. Zhang ter, C.L. Schoch, J. Fournier, Crous & K.D. Hyde, the type genus is Amniculicola.

Genera:

Amniculicola Ying Zhang & K.D.Hyde

Anguillospora Ingold, 1942

Murispora Y.Zhang bis, J.Fourn. & K.D.Hyde

Neomassariosphaeria Zhang, Fourn. & Hyde, 2009

Pseudomassariosphaeria Phukhamsakda et al.
The Tramp (film)
The Tramp is a 1915 film and the sixth directed by Charlie Chaplin for Essanay Studios. It was Chaplin's fifth and final film produced at Essanay's Niles, California, studio. The Tramp marked the emergence of the Tramp character, a role Chaplin had played in earlier films but with a more emotional depth, showing a caring side towards others. The film also stars Edna Purviance as the farmer's daughter and Ernest Van Pelt as Edna's father. The outdoor scenes were filmed on location near Niles.

Essanay Studios
Essanay Studios, officially the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company, was an early American motion picture studio. The studio was founded in 1907 in Chicago by George Kirke Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson, originally as the Peerless Film Manufacturing Company, then as Essanay (formed by the founders' initials: S and A) on August 10, 1907. Essanay is probably best known today for its series of Charlie Chaplin comedies produced in 1915–1916. In late 1916, it merged distribution with other studios and stopped issuing films in the fall of 1918. According to film historian Steve Massa, Essanay is one of the important early studios, with comedies as a particular strength. Founders Spoor and Anderson were subsequently awarded special Academy Awards for pioneering contributions to film.
Arthur Foord Hughes
Arthur Foord Hughes (1856 – 20 July 1934) was an English genre and landscape artist.

Hughes was born in Pimlico, London, England, the son of the Pre-Raphaelite painter Arthur Hughes, and his wife and former model, Tryphena Foord. He was the cousin of Edward Robert Hughes, also an artist.

A page containing four figure studies, made by Dante Gabriel Rossetti in 1857, including one of Hughes as a baby, is in the collection of Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. He was also the model for the title character in his father's illustrations for Tom Brown's School Days.

He had four siblings, including a sister, Emily, who survived him. He is buried at Hastings Cemetery.

His works feature in several public collections, including Ringmer Windmill (late 19th century watercolour)  and Bexhill Downs Mill (c. 1900) at Brighton Museum & Art Gallery.

Edward Robert Hughes
Edward Robert Hughes RWS (5 November 1851 – 23 April 1914) was a British painter, who primarily worked in watercolours, but also produced a number of oil paintings. He was influenced by his uncle and artist, Arthur Hughes who was associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, and worked closely with one of the Brotherhood's founders, William Holman Hunt.
Craters of the Moon (geothermal site)
38°38.8′S 176°4.1′E﻿ / ﻿38.6467°S 176.0683°E﻿ / -38.6467; 176.0683

Craters of the Moon Thermal Area (or Karapiti in Māori language) is a region with geothermal activity north of Taupō, New Zealand. It is a part of Wairakei, the largest geothermal field in New Zealand, with a surface area of about 25 km2, which lies in the Taupō Volcanic Zone.
The name springs from the many hydrothermal eruption craters, which are in part barren and which have bright colours. Combined with the numerous steam vents, constantly shifting, collapsing and reforming giving the whole area desolate appearance, and the sulphur smell, the whole area has an "unearthly" atmosphere. 
The craters are a relatively recent feature of the area and appeared as a result of human activity in the region.

The site is Crown Land, administered by the Department of Conservation, with help from the Craters of the Moon Trust, a volunteer organisation that provides information for visitors and passive vehicle security.

Taupō Volcanic Zone
The Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) is a volcanic area in the North Island of New Zealand. It has been active for at least the past two million years and is still highly active.

Mount Ruapehu marks its south-western end and the zone runs north-eastward through the Taupō and Rotorua areas and offshore into the Bay of Plenty. It is part of a larger Central Volcanic Region that extends to the Coromandel Peninsula and has been active for four million years. The zone is contained within the tectonic intra-arc continental Taupō Rift and this rift volcanic zone is widening unevenly east–west, with the greatest rate of widening at the Bay of Plenty coast, the least at Mount Ruapehu and a rate of about 8 mm (0.31 in) per year at Taupō. The zone is named after Lake Taupō, the flooded caldera of the largest volcano in the zone, the Taupō Volcano and contains a large central volcanic plateau as well as other landforms.
Wind Creek Bethlehem
The Wind Creek Bethlehem, formerly Sands Casino Resort Bethlehem, is a casino hotel located in the Bethlehem Works development site in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. It is owned and operated by Wind Creek Hospitality, an entity of the Poarch Band of Creek Indians.

Bethlehem Works
Bethlehem Works is a 120-acre (0.49 km2) development site in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, based on land formerly owned by Bethlehem Steel.

After Bethlehem Steel discontinued its steelmaking activities at the main Bethlehem plant in 1995 after about 140 years of metal production, outside consultants developed concept plans for the reuse of the property. The plan was to rename the site "Bethlehem Works" and to use the land for cultural, recreational, educational, entertainment and retail development, including the Smithsonian Institution, an educational and research institution.
Đumrukana
Theatre on Đumruk, or Đumrukana (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђумрукана), was a theatre in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. Originally a customs house which was built in 1835 near Belgrade docks in the neighborhood of Savamala, it was adapted into the theater, as a first regular Belgrade theater house, which was active 1841–1842.

Kosančićev Venac
Kosančićev Venac (Serbian Cyrillic: Косанчићев Венац) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Stari Grad. It has been described as the most valuable and most representative veduta of Belgrade. In 1971, it was declared a spatial cultural-historical unit and placed under legal protection.
Avicide
An avicide is any substance (normally a chemical) used to kill birds.

Commonly used avicides include strychnine (also used as rodenticide and predacide), DRC-1339 (3-chloro-4-methylaniline hydrochloride, Starlicide) and CPTH (3-chloro-p-toluidine, the free base of Starlicide), Avitrol (4-aminopyridine) and chloralose (also used as rodenticide). In the past, highly concentrated formulations of parathion in diesel oil were sprayed by aircraft over birds' nesting colonies.

Avicides are banned in many countries because of their ecological impact, which is poorly studied. They are still used in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The practice is criticized by animal rights advocates and those who kill birds with guns and traps. Pigeon fanciers sometimes poison problematic birds of prey, even in countries like Russia and Ukraine where avicides are illegal.

Strychnine
Strychnine (/ˈstrɪkniːn, -nɪn/, STRIK-neen, -⁠nin, US chiefly /-naɪn/ -⁠nyne) is a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents. Strychnine, when inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the eyes or mouth, causes poisoning which results in muscular convulsions and eventually death through asphyxia. While it is no longer used medicinally, it was used historically in small doses to strengthen muscle contractions, such as a heart and bowel stimulant and performance-enhancing drug. The most common source is from the seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica tree.
Kissology Volume Two: 1978–1991
Kissology Volume Two: 1978–1991 is a DVD/Home Video that was released by Kiss on August 14, 2007. It contains three discs, plus one of three separate bonus discs sold only within initial first pressings. Some initial packages included a replica ticket to Magic Mountain for Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park. The box set was certified six times Platinum. This set was preceded by Kissology Vol. 1, and is followed by Kissology Vol. 3, which was released in early December 2007.

The bonus discs contain:

The Largo, MD show from the Dynasty Tour (sold only at Wal-Mart, Sam's Club and Amazon)

The New York Ritz Club show from the Crazy Nights World Tour (sold only at Best Buy)

The Tokyo show from the Crazy Nights World Tour (sold at all other retailers)

Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park
Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park (also known as Attack of the Phantoms in Europe and Kiss Phantoms in Italy) is a 1978 American television film starring American hard rock band Kiss and produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The movie's plot revolves around Kiss, who use their superpowers to battle evil inventor Abner Devereaux (Anthony Zerbe) and to save a California amusement park from destruction.

NBC aired the film at the height of Kiss's popularity in the United States. Due to the film's poor acting and semi-comedic script, most Kiss fans disliked the film. Despite the film's poor quality, it has attained cult film status. Most members of Kiss despised the film for making them appear buffoonish, despite Ace Frehley enjoying the production of the film. For years after its airing, no one who worked for the group was permitted to mention the film in their presence.
Gulf of California Rift Zone
The Gulf of California Rift Zone (GCRZ) is the northernmost extension of the East Pacific Rise which extends some 1,300 km (800 mi) from the mouth of the Gulf of California to the southern terminus of the San Andreas Fault at the Salton Sink.

The GCRZ is an incipient rift zone akin to the Red Sea Rift. In the GCRZ continental crust originally associated with the North American plate has been pulled apart by tectonic forces and is being replaced by newly formed oceanic crust and seafloor spreading.  The rifting has resulted in the transfer of the Baja California peninsula to the Pacific plate.

Baja California peninsula
The Baja California peninsula (Spanish: Península de Baja California, lit. 'Lower California peninsula') is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula extends from Mexicali, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south.

With a length of 1,247 km (775 miles), its width ranges from 40 km (25 miles) at its narrowest to 320 km (200 miles) at its widest point and has approximately 3,000 km (1,900 miles) of coastline and approximately 65 islands. The total area of the Baja California peninsula is 143,390 km2 (55,360 sq mi).

The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. There are four main desert areas on the peninsula: the San Felipe Desert, the Central Coast Desert, the Vizcaíno Desert, and the Magdalena Plain Desert.
Thomas M. Purtell
Thomas M. Purtell was an American politician from Wisconsin.

Purtell served as State Treasurer of Wisconsin from July 30, 1904 until January 2, 1905. On August 30, 1904, Robert M. La Follette, Sr. Governor of Wisconsin removed John J. Kempf from office and appointed Purtell acting treasurer.

John J. Kempf
John J. Kempf (May 4, 1857 – ??) was an American shoemaker, businessman, and politician.  He was the 14th and 16th state treasurer of Wisconsin—he was removed from office by the governor in 1904 during his first term and then won election to return to office later that year.  He also served in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing the north side of the city of Milwaukee.
Ematheudes straminella
Ematheudes straminella is a species of snout moth in the genus Ematheudes. It was described by Snellen in 1872, and is known from Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Kenya, South Africa and Uganda.

Ematheudes
Ematheudes is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1867 and is known from Zimbabwe, South Africa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Namibia, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Seychelles, Iran, Ethiopia, Syria, Hungary, Italy, Angola, Togo and Tunisia.
Báruè District
Báruè District is a district of Manica Province in western Mozambique. Its most populous town and administrative centre is Catandica. The district is located in the west of the province, and borders with Guro District in the north, Macossa District in the east, Gondola District in the southeast, Manica District in the south, and with the Nyanga District of Zimbabwe in the west. The area of the district is 5,743 square kilometres (2,217 sq mi). It has a population of 137,582 as of 2007.

Guro District, Manica Province
Guro District is a district of Manica Province in western Mozambique. The principal town is Guro. The district is located in the north of the province, and borders with Changara District of Tete Province in the north, Tambara District in the east, Macossa District in the south, and Báruè District in the southwest. The area of the district is 6,928 square kilometres (2,675 sq mi). It had a population of 68,526 as of 2007 and 83,972  as of 2013
Harold C. Bradley House
Harold C. Bradley House, also known as Mrs. Josephine Crane Bradley Residence, is a Prairie School home designed by Louis H. Sullivan and George Grant Elmslie. It is located in the University Heights Historic District of Madison, Wisconsin, United States.  A National Historic Landmark, it is one of just a few residential designs by Sullivan, and one of only two Sullivan designs in Wisconsin.

University Heights Historic District (Madison, Wisconsin)
University Heights Historic District is a historic neighborhood on the west side of Madison, Wisconsin. The 397 contributing structures were built from 1894 to 1965 - many by prominent University of Wisconsin faculty - in various styles of the period, and the subdivision was Madison's first elite residential suburb. In 1982 the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places, considered important for the various architectural styles it contains and for its association with the important people who have lived there.
Jean Pormanove
Raphaël Graven (pronunciation ⓘ; 26 January 1979 – 18 August 2025), known professionally as Jean Pormanove or JP, was a French streamer, videographer, influencer and comedian.

In August 2024, he held the 4th position as the most-watched and most-popular Kick streamer globally. He was also the highest viewed French streamer on the platform.

On 18 August 2025, Pormanove died during a Kick stream that had lasted over 280 hours. The French government announced that it would sue Kick for negligence, alleging that Kick did not stop the broadcast of dangerous material.

Trash stream
A trash stream (or patostream in Poland, meaning "pathological stream") is a type of live broadcast where the host engages in shocking, dangerous, humiliating or otherwise controversial actions, often involving themself or others. These streams are typically monetized through viewer donations, often using services like DonationAlerts, and are primarily hosted on platforms such as YouTube.

Trash streaming is mostly popular in Russia, Ukraine and Poland. Incidents have also occurred in Finland, where this phenomenon is known as rappiostriimaus (degradationstream).
Sabesdiker losn
Der sabesdiker-losn (Yiddish: דער סאַבעסדיקער לשון (לאָסן)‎) is a dialectal feature characteristic of the Northeastern dialect of the Yiddish language (NEY, Litvisher-vaysrusisher dialekt, צפֿון ייִדיש‎ Tsofn-yidish), which is the replacement, or merger of the "hushing" (post-alveolar) consonants "ch", "sh" (IPA: /tʃ/, /ʃ/), with the "hissing" (alveolar) ones, "ts", "s" (IPA: /ts/, /s/).  The name of the term is a shibboleth: the phrase "דאָס שבתֿדיקע לשון‎" dos shabesdike loshn (in standard Yiddish) means 'Sabbath speech', hinting at the perception that this feature is substandard. In addition to the shibboleth, the use of the masculine article der indicates NEY's tendency to use either the masculine or the feminine gender for nouns where Standard Yiddish uses the neuter.

It is similar to the dialectical feature of Polish called mazurzenie, and there has been a hypothesis on the influence of mazurzenie on the development of sabesdiker losn.

Yiddish dialects
Yiddish dialects are varieties of the Yiddish language and are divided according to the region in Europe where each developed its distinctiveness. Linguistically, Yiddish is divided in distinct Eastern and Western dialects. While the Western dialects mostly died out in the 19th century due to Jewish language assimilation into mainstream culture, the Eastern dialects were very vital until most of Eastern European Jewry was wiped out by the Holocaust, called the Khurbn in Yiddish.

The Northeastern dialects of Eastern Yiddish were dominant in 20th-century Yiddish culture and academia, but in the 21st century, the Southern dialects of Yiddish that are preserved by many Hasidic communities have become the most commonly spoken form of Yiddish.
Kouassi-Kouassikro Department
Kouassi-Kouassikro Department is a department of N'Zi Region in Lacs District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 30,962 and its seat is the settlement of Kouassi-Kouassikro. The sub-prefectures of the department are  Kouassi-Kouassikro and Mékro.

Kouassi-Kouassikro
Kouassi-Kouassikro is a town in central Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Kouassi-Kouassikro Department in N'Zi Region, Lacs District. Kouassi-Kouassikro is also a commune.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Kouassi-Kouassikro was 23,117.
Iloilo Convention Center
Iloilo Convention Center (ICON) is a convention center in Iloilo Business Park, in the district of Mandurriao, Iloilo City, Philippines. It stands on the site of Iloilo's former airport, Mandurriao Airport.

Iloilo Business Park
Iloilo Business Park (also known as IBP or Megaworld) is a 72-hectare (180-acre) mixed-use master-planned central business district in Mandurriao, Iloilo City, Philippines by Megaworld Corporation. It is an integrated township project featuring a financial district, a lifestyle mall, office buildings catering to business process outsourcing firms, boutique and deluxe hotels, a convention center, and medical services facilities.

Iloilo Business Park was the site of Mandurriao Airport, the former main airport of Iloilo until 2007, when Megaworld Corporation acquired the property and developed it into a mixed-use development. Since then, the area has experienced significant growth and is now bounded by two other major developments in Mandurriao, namely SM Iloilo of SM Prime to its east and Atria Park District of Ayala Land to its southeast.

Iloilo Business Park has been officially recognized as the center of arts and culture in Iloilo City.
Bicing
Bicing is a bicycle-sharing system in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, which was implemented in March 2007, promoted by the City Council. The municipal company Barcelona de Serveis Municipals (B:SM) is the manager of the service, while the exploitation concession corresponds to Pedalem Barcelona since 2019, a Temporary Union of Companies formed by CESPA (Ferrovial Services) and PBSC. Between 2007 and 2018, Clear Channel was the company in charge of this task. It is similar to the Vélo'v service in Lyon or Vélib' in Paris, and uses the same bicycles and stations as used in Stockholm, Oslo, and Zaragoza. Its purpose is to cover small and medium daily routes within the city in a climate-friendly way, eliminating the pollution, roadway noise, and traffic congestion that motor vehicles create.

Stockholm City Bikes
Stockholm City Bikes is a public-private partnership project of Stockholm in Sweden and the outdoor advertising unit of Clear Channel Communications. From 2006 till 2018 they operated a community bicycle program that allowed for renting a bicycle for a maximum period of 3 hours, between 06:00 and 22:00 (last rental at 22:00).
Hessdalen
Hessdalen is a village in Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. Hessdalen also refers to the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) long valley that surrounds the village. Hessdalen is located in the central part of the valley, approximately 120 kilometres (75 mi) south of the city of Trondheim, approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of the mining town of Røros, and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of the village of Renbygda. About 150 people live in the village and surrounding valley.

Hessdalen Church is located in the village of Hessdalen and the lake Øyungen lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southwest of the village.  The Hessdalen area is known for the occurrence of unexplained aerial luminous phenomena called the Hessdalen lights. The phenomenon is monitored by the Hessdalen AMS.

Hessdalen AMS
The Hessdalen Automatic Measurement Station (or Hessdalen AMS) is an automatically working observation station in the Hessdalen area in Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is used for registering Hessdalen lights. It has been in service since 7 August 1998, and it is equipped with a magnetometer, two black and white TV cameras, and one colour TV camera.

As the equipment of the station is located in a blue container, it is also known as Blue Box.

The AMS regularly registers light phenomena. Since it only measures a restricted numbers of parameters, it is not able to explain all the recordings.
Scio, Oregon
Scio (/ˈsaɪoʊ/ SY-oh) is a city in Linn County, Oregon, United States. Located east of Jefferson and south of Stayton, it sits along Oregon Route 226 near the confluence of the north and south forks of the Santiam River. Incorporated in 1866, the population was 956 at the 2020 census.

Stayton, Oregon
Stayton is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States, located 16 miles (26 km) southeast of the state capital, Salem, on Oregon Route 22. It is south of Sublimity and southeast of Aumsville. Located on the North Santiam River, Stayton is a regional agricultural and light manufacturing center. The population was 8,244 at the 2020 census. Established in 1872, it was incorporated in 1891. Stayton is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.