hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vontrigger Hills
The Vontrigger Hills are a low mountain range in the eastern Mojave Desert, in eastern San Bernardino County, California.

Vontrigger Hills are located in the southeastern Mojave National Preserve, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north of the small settlement of Goffs, California that's on U.S. Route 66.

Mojave National Preserve
Mojave National Preserve is a US National Preserve located in the Mojave Desert of San Bernardino County, California, between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. Established in 1994, it is the third largest unit of the National Park system within the contiguous United States, and the largest national preserve.

The preserve spans 1,542,776 acres (6,243 km2). It surrounds Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve, which are both managed by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.

Natural features include the Kelso Dunes, the Marl Mountains and the Cima Dome, as well as volcanic formations such as Hole-in-the-Wall and the Cinder Cone Lava Beds. The Joshua tree forest covering Cima Dome and the adjacent Shadow Valley is the largest and densest in the world.

The preserve contains the ghost town of Kelso. The defunct Kelso Depot serves as the park's official visitor center, though it is temporarily closed as of 2025.
Gaza Freedom Flotilla
Gaza Freedom Flotilla vessels and convoys have attempted to break the blockade of Gaza since 2010. The first flotilla with six ships was launched by what would then become the Freedom Flotilla Coalition. It was subsequently raided by Israeli forces.

Since 2010, attempts from the Freedom Flotilla II in 2011, Freedom Flotilla III in 2015, Women's Boat to Gaza in 2016, Just Future for Palestine Flotilla in 2018, and flotillas in June and July 2025, have all been intercepted, raided or attacked by Israeli forces.

In August 2025, the Freedom Flotilla Coalition joined the Global Sumud Flotilla, and began launching a series of flotilla convoys towards Gaza.

May 2025 drone attack on Gaza Freedom Flotilla
In the early morning on 2 May 2025, a vessel organized by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, carrying 16 to 30 human rights activists and humanitarian aid destined for the Gaza Strip, was attacked by drones in international waters off the coast of Malta. The incident occurred approximately 14–17 nautical miles (26–31 km) from Malta, outside its territorial waters. There is no independent confirmation of the nature of the incident, although Cyprus responded by dispatching a rescue boat, and the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) sent a patrol boat to assist with extinguishing the fire.

Maltese authorities offered assistance, but insisted on inspecting the vessel first. The captain declined the offer.
Hayyim Selig Slonimski
Ḥayyim Selig ben Ya'akov Slonimski (Yiddish: חַיִּים‬ זֶעלִיג בֶּן יַעֲקֹב‬ סלאָנימסקי; March 31, 1810 – May 15, 1904), also known by his acronym ḤaZaS (חז״ס‎), was a Hebrew publisher, mathematician, astronomer, inventor, science writer, and rabbi. He was among the first to write books on science for a broad Jewish audience, and was the founder of Ha-Tsfira, the first Hebrew-language newspaper with an emphasis on the sciences.

Slonimski's Theorem
Slonimski's Theorem is an observation by Hayyim Selig Slonimski that the sequence of carry digits in a multiplication table is the Farey sequence.

This observation allowed Slonimski to create very compact multiplication tables for use in hand calculations. He received several awards for different devices for presenting these tables. The most common format were Joffe Bars similar to Napier's Rods.  Joffe Bars were popular in Eastern Europe in the late 19th and early 20th century.
Mycenaceae
The Mycenaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the family contains 10 genera and 705 species. This is one of several families that were separated from the Tricholomataceae as a result of phylogenetic analyses. Taxa in the Mycenaceae are saprobic, have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are found in almost all ecological zones. The family was circumscribed by Caspar van Overeem in 1926.

The extinct genus Protomycena, described from Burdigalian age Dominican amber found on the island of Hispaniola is one of four known agaric genera in the fossil record.

Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of fungi within the order Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae.

The name derives from the Greek trichos (τριχος) meaning hair and loma (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature.

The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing Tricholoma and other genera that form part of a monophyletic family including Tricholoma. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates the continued use of Tricholomataceae.
Limes (Roman Empire)
Limes (Latin; sg., pl.: limites) is a term used primarily for the Germanic border defence or delimiting system of ancient Rome marking the borders of the Roman Empire. The term has been extended in modern times to refer to the frontier defences in other parts of the empire, such as in the east and in Africa.

Burgus
A burgus (Latin, plural burgi ) or turris ("tower") is a small tower-like castrum of late antiquity, which was sometimes protected by an outwork and surrounding ditches. Timothy Darvill defines it as "a small fortified position or watchtower usually controlling a main routeway."

Burgus was a term used in the later period of the Roman Empire, and particularly in the Germanic provinces.
Shane O'Rourke
Shane O'Rourke (born 3 May 1988) is a former Gaelic footballer who played for the Simonstown Gaels club and for the Meath county team. He is the son of Meath footballer Colm O'Rourke and a cousin of former Meath goalkeeper Paddy O'Rourke.

Shane O'Rourke was linked to a move to the Brisbane Lions, Queensland to play in the Australian Football League championship but he was not believed to be interested in the move.

O'Rourke has won a Hogan Cup medal and also captained his side to the All-Ireland Colleges final in 2006; however, they lost the final to Abbey C.B.S. As of 2015, he was teaching physical education at St Patrick's Classical School, of which his father Colm is principal.

Paddy O'Rourke (Meath footballer)
Paddy O'Rourke (born 10 May 1989) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for his club Skryne and, formerly, the Meath county team. O'Rourke is the nephew of former Skryne and Meath player Colm and first cousin of former Meath player Shane.
1. FC Herzogenaurach
1. FC Herzogenaurach is a German association football club from Herzogenaurach, a suburb of the city of Nuremberg, Bavaria.

The history of the club is strongly intertwined with the local sports equipment manufacturer Puma, then just a local company and sponsor of the FC and its rivalry to ASV Herzogenaurach, which was sponsored by another local company, Adidas.

Herzogenaurach
Herzogenaurach (German pronunciation: [hɛʁtsoːɡn̩ˈʔaʊʁax] ⓘ; Mainfränkisch: Herziaura) is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt, in Bavaria, Germany. The name is a compound of "Herzog" meaning duke and the Aurach River that flows through the town. It is home to two major international sporting goods companies, Adidas and Puma, and the Schaeffler Group, a car parts manufacturer.
University Campus of Football Business
University Campus of Football Business, also known as UCFB, is a higher education institution offering undergraduate and postgraduate university degrees and executive education in the football and wider sports industries. UCFB is a college of the University of East London.

UCFB became the world's first higher education institution with university degrees in the football and sports industry when it was opened at Burnley F.C.'s Turf Moor in 2011.

University of East London
The University of East London (UEL) is a public university located in the London Borough of Newham, London, England, based at three campuses in Stratford and Docklands, following the opening of University Square Stratford in September 2013. The University of East London began as the West Ham Technical Institute and it was officially opened in October 1898 after approval was given for the construction of the site by the West Ham Technical Instruction Act Committee in 1892 following the Technical Instruction Act of 1889. It gained university status in 1992. It was formerly known as College of East London.

The community is made up of over 40,000 students from over 160 countries studying at the University of East London and collaborative partners.
Battle of Leyte
The Battle of Leyte in the Pacific campaign of World War II was the amphibious invasion of the island of Leyte in the Philippines by American forces and Filipino guerrillas under the overall command of General Douglas MacArthur. The combined forces fought against the Imperial Japanese Army in the Philippines led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita. The operation, codenamed King Two, launched the Philippines campaign of 1944–45 for the recapture and liberation of the entire Philippine Archipelago and to end almost three years of Japanese occupation.

1st Cavalry Division (United States)
The 1st Cavalry Division ("First Team") is a combined arms division and is one of the most decorated combat divisions of the United States Army. It is based at Fort Hood, Texas. It was formed in 1921 and served during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Persian Gulf War, with the Stabilization Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Iraq War, the War in Afghanistan as well as Operation Freedom's Sentinel and Operation Inherent Resolve. As of July 2023, the 1st Cavalry Division is subordinate to the III Armored Corps and is commanded by Major General Thomas M. Feltey.

The unit is unique in that it has served as a cavalry division, an infantry division, an air assault division and an armored division during its existence.
Pseudolocalization
Pseudolocalization (or pseudo-localization) is a software testing method used for testing internationalization aspects of software. Instead of translating the text of the software into a foreign language, as in the process of localization, the textual elements of an application are replaced with an altered version of the original language. For example, instead of "Account Settings", the text may be altered to display as "!!!Ǎ¢ƈôΰлţ §℮τţĭπꞡş !!!".

These specific alterations make the original words appear readable, but include the most problematic characteristics of the world's languages: varying length of text or characters, language direction, fit into the interface and so on.

Internationalization and localization
In computing, internationalization and localization (American) or internationalisation and localisation (Commonwealth), often abbreviated i18n and l10n respectively, are means of adapting to different languages, regional peculiarities and technical requirements of a target locale.

Internationalization is the process of designing a software application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. Localization is the process of adapting internationalized software for a specific region or language by translating text and adding locale-specific components.

Localization (which is potentially performed multiple times, for different locales) uses the infrastructure or flexibility provided by internationalization (which is ideally performed only once before localization, or as an integral part of ongoing development).
Miltenberg
Miltenberg (German: [ˈmɪltn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a town in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany. It is the seat of the eponymous district and has a population of over 9,000.

Bürgstadt
Bürgstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈbʏʁkʃtat]) is a market municipality in the Miltenberg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Erftal. Bürgstadt is a winegrowing community in the wine region of Franken. It has a population of around 4,300.
Nematolebias
Nematolebias is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae. These threatened annual killifish are endemic temporary waters, like pools, in the Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (the equally threatened killifish genera Leptolebias and Notholebias are restricted to the same state).

They are small fish that are up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in total length. Like other killifish, the males are more colorful than females.

Notholebias
Notholebias is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae. These threatened annual killifish are endemic temporary waters, like ponds, in the Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (the equally threatened killifish genera Leptolebias and Nematolebias are restricted to the same state).

They are small fish that are up to 4 cm (1.6 in) in total length. Like other killifish, the males are more colorful than females and the primary difference between the species is the male colors.
Tottori Jōhoku High School
Tottori Jōhoku High School, also commonly known as Jōhoku High, is a private high school located in Tottori, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.

The school is known for its baseball and sumo clubs, and a range of club activities and studies.

Mitoryū Takayuki
Mitoryū Takayuki (Japanese: 水戸龍 聖之; born April 25, 1994 as Baasansuren Turbold (Mongolian: Баасансүрэнгийн Төрболд)) is a Mongolian former professional sumo wrestler from Ulaanbaatar. He began his professional sumo career in 2017 at the age of twenty three. His highest rank was maegashira 13. He wrestled for Nishikido stable.
North Augusta High School
North Augusta High School is a four-year public high school located in North Augusta, South Carolina. It is a part of the Aiken County Public School District. Approximately 1,500 students attend the school. The school offers over thirty student organizations. North Augusta is an AP Magnet School and is partnered with the National Math and Science Initiative to provide various programs, resources, and help to students enrolled in AP courses at the school.

North Augusta, South Carolina
North Augusta is a city in Aiken and Edgefield counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina, on the north bank of the Savannah River. It lies directly across the river, and state border, from Augusta, Georgia. The population was 24,379 at the 2020 census, making it the 21st-most populous city in South Carolina. The city is included in the Central Savannah River Area (CSRA) and is part of the Augusta, Georgia, metropolitan area.
Stingray Now 4K
Stingray Now 4K  is a Canadian English language Category B television channel owned by Stingray Digital. The channel broadcasts music videos in 4K resolution (ultra-high-definition television) from various genres including pop, dance, hip-hop, indie, Latin pop, adult rock, alternative, and more.

Stingray Group
Stingray Group Inc. (formerly Stingray Digital and Stingray Digital Group) is a Canadian music, media and technology company based in Montreal, Quebec, with offices in Toronto, Ontario, as well as in the United States, Mexico, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany  and Australia. The company was established in 2007 by Eric Boyko and owned by Boyko Investements Corporation.

The company is primarily involved in digital audio services targeting consumer and business-to-business markets, including internet radio, over-the-top and music television channels, DTV radio, and business audio and advertising services. Through its Stingray Radio division (the former Newcap Broadcasting), it is the largest owner of terrestrial radio stations in Canada.
Georgi Gospodinov
Georgi Gospodinov Georgiev (Bulgarian: Георги Господинов Георгиев; born 7 January 1968) is a Bulgarian writer, poet and playwright. His novel Time Shelter received the 2023 International Booker Prize, shared with translator Angela Rodel, as well as the Strega European Prize. His novel The Physics of Sorrow received the Jan Michalski Prize and the Angelus Award. His works have been translated into 25 languages.

Gospodinov writes complex narratives, based on the recent past of Eastern Europe and present anxieties across Europe and worldwide. His works often blend poetry into fiction and irony. According to The New Yorker, "Georgi's real quest in The Physics of Sorrow is to find a way to live with sadness, to allow it to be a source of empathy and salutary hesitation…"

Blind Vaysha
Blind Vaysha (French: Vaysha l'aveugle) is a 2016 animated short by Theodore Ushev, produced by Marc Bertrand for the National Film Board of Canada, with the participation of ARTE France. Based on a story by Georgi Gospodinov, the film tells the story of a girl who sees the past out of her left eye and the future from her right—and so is unable to live in the present. Montreal actress Caroline Dhavernas performed the narration for the film, in both its French and English language versions. The film incorporates music from Bulgarian musician and composer Kottarashky and is his and Ushev's fourth collaboration.
Guillaume Fillastre (died 1473)
Guillaume Fillastre or Fillâtre (died 1473) was a Burgundian statesman, prelate and patron of arts. He served as a counsellor to Duke Philip the Good and was successively bishop of Verdun (1437–1448), bishop of Toul (1448–1460) and bishop of Tournai (1460–1473). He was also the abbot of Saint-Bertin from 1451 until his death.

Diocese of Toul
The Diocese of Toul was a Roman Catholic diocese seated at Toul in present-day France. It existed from 365 until 1802. From 1048 until 1552 (de jure until 1648), it was also a state of the Holy Roman Empire.
Chage and Aska
Chage and Aska (チャゲ&飛鳥) were a Japanese popular music duo composed of male singer-songwriters from Fukuoka Prefecture: Chage (チャゲ; born January 6, 1958) and Aska (飛鳥涼, Ryo Aska; born February 24, 1958). To date they have sold over 31 million albums and singles in Japan.

Aska (singer)
Shigeaki Miyazaki (宮﨑 重明, Miyazaki Shigeaki; born February 24, 1958), known professionally as Aska, is a Japanese singer-songwriter. He is best known for work as part of the music duo Chage and Aska. As a composer, he wrote most of the duo's hit songs, including "Morning Moon", "Love Song", "Say Yes", and "Meguriai". He has also written for many other singers and groups, including Hikaru Genji. He was formerly known as Ryo Aska or Ryō Asuka (飛鳥 涼, Asuka Ryō).
Hsinchu County
Hsinchu is a county in north-western Taiwan. The population of the county is mainly Hakka; with a Taiwanese aboriginal minority in the southeastern part of the county. Zhubei is the county seat, where the government office and county office is located. A portion of the Hsinchu Science Park is located in Hsinchu County.

Saisiyat people
The Saisiyat (Saisiyat: SaySiyat; Chinese: 賽夏; pinyin: Sàixià; Wade–Giles: Sai4 Hsia4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sai-siat (獅設); lit. 'true people'; Hakka Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sòi-hà (賽夏)), also spelled Saisiat, are an indigenous people of Taiwan. In 2000 the Saisiyat numbered 5,311, which was approximately 1.3% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them one of the smallest aboriginal groups in the country. The Saisiyat inhabit Western Taiwan, overlapping the border between Hsinchu County and Miaoli County. They are divided into the Northern Branch (Wufong in the mountainous Hsinchu area) and the Southern Branch (Nanzhuang and Shitan in the highlands of Miaoli), each with its own dialect. Their language is also known as Saisiyat.
Titusville Commercial District
The Titusville Commercial District (also known as Downtown Titusville Historic District) is a U.S. historic district in Titusville, Florida. It is bounded by Julia Street, Hopkins Avenue, Main Street, and Indian River Avenue, encompasses approximately 60 acres (240,000 m2), and contains 21 historic buildings. On January 10, 1990, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It is currently debatable whether or not it is Titusville's main commercial district anymore, as an area in south Titusville near the intersection of SR 50 (FL) and State Road 405 (Florida) close to I-95 (FL) has much more major shopping and dining than Downtown Titusville.

Titusville, Florida
Titusville is a city in and the county seat of Brevard County, Florida, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 48,789, up from 43,761 at the 2010 census.  Titusville is located along the Indian River, west of Merritt Island and the Kennedy Space Center, and south-southwest of the Canaveral National Seashore. It is a principal city of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A secondary, de facto county seat was established beginning in 1989, at Viera, Florida, in the geographic center of the county, to better serve the more populous southern portion of the county.
Poston Butte
Poston Butte, formerly called Primrose Hill, is a hill located along Hunt Highway in Florence, Pinal County, Arizona, United States, near the eastern end of the Santan Mountains. Geologically, it is characterized by basalts overlying altered granite.

This hill is noted for having the pyramidal tomb of Charles Debrille Poston at its summit. Poston lobbied President Lincoln and Congress to create the Territory of Arizona and was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs because of his familiarity with the Native populations of the area. The tomb can be accessed by a 0.6-mile (0.97 km) trail starting from the trailhead near Hunt Highway.

Tomb of Charles D. Poston

Inscription on Poston's tomb

Florence, Arizona
Florence (O'odham: S-auppag) is a town in Pinal County, Arizona, United States. Florence, which is the county seat of Pinal County, is one of the oldest towns in that county and includes a National Historic District with over 25 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The population of Florence was 26,785 at the 2020 census.
Minton, Saskatchewan
Minton (2016 population: 55) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Surprise Valley No. 9 and Census Division No. 2. It is on Highway 6 just north of its intersection with Highway 18, about 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of the Raymond-Regway Border Crossing on the Montana-Saskatchewan border. The village was named after Minton, Shropshire in England. The name was given by the Canadian Pacific Railway.

Raymond–Regway Border Crossing
The Raymond–Regway Border Crossing connects the towns of Plentywood, Montana and Minton, Saskatchewan on the Canada–US border. It is reached by Montana Highway 16 on the American side and Saskatchewan Highway 6 on the Canadian side. It was the only 24-hour crossing on the Montana–Saskatchewan segment of the border.  It is also the easternmost crossing in Montana. The US border station was built in 1937 and replaced in 2005. Canada's previous border station, which was built in 1978, is still in use and expected to be replaced in the near future.