hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Olympic Committee
A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their athletes'  participation in the Olympic Games.  They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and the training of coaches and officials at the national level within their national territories.

International Committee of Mediterranean Games
The International Committee of Mediterranean Games (French: Comité international des Jeux méditerranéens, CIJM) is the organization of the National Olympic Committees who presides, regulates and organizes the Mediterranean Games. It is based in sport complex OACA in Athens.
229th Engineer Battalion (United States)
The 229th Brigade Engineer Battalion is an Engineer Battalion in the Virginia Army National Guard, part of the 29th Infantry Division's 116th Infantry Brigade Combat Team. First formed under the designation in 1985, it became the 116th Brigade Special Troops Battalion in 2005. It was renamed the 229th Brigade Engineer Battalion once again in 2016.

116th Mobile Brigade Combat Team
The 116th Mobile Brigade Combat Team is an infantry brigade combat team currently assigned to the Virginia Army National Guard, formerly known as the 1st Brigade, 29th Infantry Division; it is the largest command of the Virginia Army National Guard with an authorized strength of 3,400. The brigade is headquartered in Staunton, Virginia, at the Thomas Howie Memorial Armory, and is nicknamed the Stonewall Brigade in honor of its association with the 116th Infantry Regiment, tracing its lineage back to elements of an American Civil War Confederate brigade of the same name led by General Stonewall Jackson.
Broxburn
Broxburn (Scottish Gaelic: Srath Bhroc, pronounced [ˈs̪ɾa ˈvɾɔʰk]) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It is 12 miles (19 km) from the West End of Edinburgh, 5 miles (8.0 km) from Edinburgh Airport and 5 miles (8.0 km) to the north of Livingston. Originally a village known as Easter Strathbock in the medieval period, by 1600, the village had become known as Broxburn. The area developed rapidly during the Victorian era as a result of industrialisation related to shale oil extraction. While much of the industry in the area is now diminished, the town has continued to grow following new residential development, resulting in Broxburn forming a conurbation with neighbouring Uphall. It lies just to the south of Winchburgh.

David Erskine, 11th Earl of Buchan
David Stuart Erskine, 11th Earl of Buchan, FRS, FSA Scot (1 June 1742 – 19 April 1829), styled Lord Cardross between 1747 and 1767, was a Scottish antiquarian, founder of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and patron of the arts and sciences.
Catherine Pavlovna of Russia
Catherine Pavlovna of Russia (Russian: Екатерина Павловна; 21 May [O.S. 10 May] 1788 – 9 January 1819) was Queen of Württemberg from 30 October 1816 until her death in 1819 as the wife of William I of Württemberg.

Catherine was born as the fourth daughter of Emperor Paul I of Russia and Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. She firstly married Duke George of Oldenburg in 1809 until his death in 1812, remarrying to William I of Württemberg in 1816.

Duke Peter of Oldenburg
Duke Constantine Frederick Peter of Oldenburg (German: Konstantin Friedrich Peter; Russian: Пётр Гео́ргиевич Ольденбу́ргский, romanized: Pëtr Geórgievič Ol'denbúrgskij; 26 August [O.S. 14 August] 1812 – 14 May [O.S. 2 May] 1881) was a Duke of the House of Oldenburg. He was the grandfather of Duke Peter of Oldenburg and Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, General of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I. His great-great-grandson, Nicholas Romanov, was the President of the Romanov Family Association until his death in 2014.

Peter was a scholar and philanthropist. He was also noted composer of music. In 1857, he composed the music for Marius Petipa's ballet La Rose, la Violette et le Papillon. The Pas d'Esclave from the ballet Le Corsaire, which is taken from his score for this work, is still heard in theatres all over the world.
Pinnacle Entertainment
Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. was an American gambling and hospitality company. It was acquired by Penn National Gaming in 2018. At the time of acquisition, it operated sixteen casino properties, located in Colorado, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, and a horse track in Texas.

L'Auberge Casino Resort Lake Charles
L'Auberge Casino Resort Lake Charles is a casino hotel in Lake Charles, Louisiana. It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn Entertainment.

L'Auberge employs over 2,400 people, and has nearly 1,000 hotel rooms. It regularly draws in 400,000 visitors a month.
Larynx
The larynx (pl.: larynges or larynxes), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in respiration, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of the larynx into the pharynx, known as the laryngeal inlet, is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. The larynx houses the vocal cords, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation. It is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.

Tuvan throat singing
Tuvan throat singing, also known as Mongolian throat singing, is a style of singing, the main technique of which is known as khoomei (/xuˈmiː/ or /xoʊˈmeɪ/). It is practiced by people in Tuva, Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and Altay. It is noted for including overtone singing. In 2009, Tuvan throat singing was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity of UNESCO.
San Giuliano, Catania
San Giuliano is a Roman Catholic church and attached convent located on Via Crocifero #36 of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy. It stands across from the Collegio dei Gesuiti (Jesuit college), whose  church of San Francesco Borgia also faces Crociferi. Two blocks north on Crociferi is the baroque church of San Camillo de Lellis.

San Camillo dei Mercedari, Catania
San Camillo dei Mercedari, also called San Camillo de Lellis after its titular saint, or San Camillo ai Crociferi after the founding monastic order founded by Camillo de Lellis, the Camillians known popular as the Crociferi, which also gives name to the street which it faces, via Crociferi. Located on #71, is a Roman Catholic church located in the piazza of the same name in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy; the church is one of four major baroque church-monasteries on this street, the others being San Francesco Borgia (Jesuit), San Giuliano, and San Benedetto (both the latter, Benedictine nuns).
Mabior Chol
Mabior Chol (born 29 January 1997) is a professional Australian rules footballer who plays for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Richmond Football Club and the Gold Coast Suns. He was drafted by Richmond in the 2016 rookie draft and made his debut in round 23, 2016. Chol was delisted by the club in 2018 before being immediately re-rookied in the 2019 rookie draft. In 2019, Chol won a VFL premiership while playing with the Richmond reserves side. In October 2021, Chol moved from Richmond to the Gold Coast Suns as a free agent. While playing in the Gold Coast Suns reserves side, he won his second VFL premiership in 2023. At the end of the 2023 season, Chol requested a trade away from Gold Coast to Hawthorn; the deal was struck on the final day of the 2023 AFL trade period.

Jack Riewoldt
Jack Riewoldt (/ˈriːvoʊlt/ REE-volt; born 31 October 1988) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He is a three-time premiership player, a three-time Coleman Medallist, a three-time All-Australian, an 12-time Richmond club leading goalkicker, a two-time Jack Dyer Medallist and a Tasmanian Football Hall-of-Famer. He served as Richmond's vice captain during all three premiership seasons.
Cellulose acetate
In biochemistry, cellulose acetate refers to any acetate ester of cellulose, usually cellulose diacetate. It was first prepared in 1865. A bioplastic, cellulose acetate is used as a film base in photography, as a component in some coatings, and as a frame material for eyeglasses; it is also used as a synthetic fiber in the manufacture of cigarette filters and playing cards. In photographic film, cellulose acetate film replaced nitrate film in the 1950s, being far less flammable and cheaper to produce.

Water-soluble cellulose acetate (WSCA) has been used as a dietary fiber (prebiotic), in relation with weight loss and Akkermansia muciniphila.

Synthetic fiber
Synthetic fibers or synthetic fibres (in British English; see spelling differences) are fibers made by humans through chemical synthesis, as opposed to natural fibers that are directly derived from living organisms, such as plants like cotton or fur from animals. They are the result of extensive research by scientists aimed at replicating naturally occurring animal and plant fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by extruding fiber-forming materials through spinnerets, forming a fiber. These are called synthetic or artificial fibers. The word 'polymer' comes from the Greek prefix 'poly,' which means 'many,' and the suffix 'mer,' which means 'single units'. (Note: each single unit of a polymer is called a monomer).
Lelant
Lelant (Cornish: Lannanta) or Uny Lelant is a village in the civil parish of St Ives in, west Cornwall, England, UK. It is on the west side of the Hayle Estuary, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) southeast of St Ives and one mile (1.6 km) west of Hayle. The village is part of the Lelant and Carbis Bay ward on Cornwall Council, and also the St Ives Parliamentary constituency. The birth, marriage, and death registration district is Penzance. Its population at the 2011 census was 3,892 The South West Coast Path, which follows the coast of south west England from Somerset to Dorset passes through Lelant, along the estuary and above Porth Kidney Sands.

Lelant and Carbis Bay (electoral division)
Lelant and Carbis Bay (Cornish: Lannanta ha Karrbons) was an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returned one member to sit on Cornwall Council between 2009 and 2021. It was abolished at the 2021 local elections, being succeeded by St Ives East, Lelant and Carbis Bay.
1899 Edmonton municipal election
The 1899 municipal election was held December 11, 1899.  It was the first municipal election in which only a portion of the aldermen were to be elected; in 1898, three of the six aldermen elected were elected to two-year terms in preparation for a system in which only half of the aldermen would be up for election each year.  Kenneth McLeod, Alfred Jackson, and Kenneth W. MacKenzie were all only halfway through their two-year terms at the time of the election.  However, MacKenzie resigned in order to become mayor, leaving council with four vacancies.  Only three were filled by the election; council appointed Henry Goodridge to fill the fourth seat until the 1900 election.

1900 Edmonton municipal election
The 1900 municipal election was held December 10, 1900 for the purpose of electing a mayor and three aldermen to sit on the Edmonton Town Council, as well as five public school trustees and four separate school trustees.

There were six aldermanic positions on the council at the time, but three of them were already filled.  Robert Lee and Alfred Brown had both been elected for a two-year term in 1899, and were still in office.  Colin Strang had also been elected for a two-year term, but had resigned; James Blowey had been appointed by council to fill his seat, and he was still in office.
Visual memory
Visual memory describes the relationship between perceptual processing and the encoding, storage and retrieval of the resulting neural representations. Visual memory occurs over a broad time range spanning from eye movements to years in order to visually navigate to a previously visited location. Visual memory is a form of memory which preserves some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience. We are able to place in memory visual information which resembles objects, places, animals or people in a mental image. The experience of visual memory is also referred to as the mind's eye through which we can retrieve from our memory a mental image of original objects, places, animals or people. Visual memory is one of several cognitive systems, which are all interconnected parts that combine to form the human memory. Types of palinopsia, the persistence or recurrence of a visual image after the stimulus has been removed, is a dysfunction of visual memory.

Spatial memory
In cognitive psychology and neuroscience, spatial memory is a form of memory responsible for the recording and recovery of information needed to plan a course to a location and to recall the location of an object or the occurrence of an event. Spatial memory is necessary for orientation in space. Spatial memory can also be divided into egocentric and allocentric spatial memory. A person's spatial memory is required to navigate in a familiar city. A rat's spatial memory is needed to learn the location of food at the end of a maze. In both humans and animals, spatial memories are summarized as a cognitive map.

Spatial memory has representations within working, short-term memory and long-term memory. Research indicates that there are specific areas of the brain associated with spatial memory. Many methods are used for measuring spatial memory in children, adults, and animals.
Neumarkt (district)
Neumarkt (German: [ˈnɔʏmaʁkt] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Nürnberger Land, Amberg-Sulzbach, Schwandorf, Regensburg, Kelheim, Eichstätt and Roth.

Nürnberger Land
Nürnberger Land is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Forchheim, Bayreuth, Amberg-Sulzbach, Neumarkt, Roth and Erlangen-Höchstadt, and by the city of Nuremberg.
Aʻana
Aʻana is a district of Samoa. It is on the western third of Upolu island, with a small exclave (Satuimalufilufi village) surrounded by Aiga-i-le-Tai. It has an area of 193 km2 and a population (2016 Census) of 23,265. The main centre is Leulumoega.

Aiga-i-le-Tai
Aiga-i-le-Tai is a district of Samoa which includes the small islands of Manono, Apolima and tiny uninhabited Nu'ulopa lying in the Apolima Strait between the country's two main islands of Upolu and Savai'i.

The district includes part of the mainland at the western end of Upolu and surrounds an exclave of A'ana district, namely Satuimalufilufi village.

Historically, Manono island has been the centre of the district. In modern times, the main centre is Mulifanua where the inter-island ferry terminal is located for ocean crossings between Savai'i and Upolu.

With an area of only 27 km², Aiga-i-le-Tai is the smallest electoral district in the country with a population (2016 Census) of 5,029. Va'a-o-Fonoti is the only electoral district with a smaller population.

The words 'aiga i le tai literally means 'family by the sea' in the Samoan language.
Moose Jaw—Lake Centre
Moose Jaw—Lake Centre was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1953 to 1968 and from 1988 to 1997. This riding was created in 1953 from parts of Lake Centre, Moose Jaw, Qu'Appelle, and Rosthern ridings.

The riding was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Moose Jaw, Regina East and Regina—Lake Centre ridings. It was re-created in 1987 from parts of Assiniboia, Humboldt—Lake Centre and Moose Jaw ridings. The electoral district was abolished in 1996 when it was redistributed into Blackstrap, Cypress Hills—Grasslands, Palliser and Regina—Arm River ridings.

Blackstrap (electoral district)
Blackstrap was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that had been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1997.  It is named for Blackstrap Lake.  The riding was abolished prior to the 2015 Canadian federal election.
Sick Puppies
Sick Puppies are an Australian rock band formed in Sydney in 1997 by bassist Emma Anzai and singer/guitarist Shimon Moore. After releasing their debut album in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same", supporting the Free Hugs Campaign, received tens of millions of views. Moore left the band acrimoniously in 2014 and was replaced by Bryan Scott. Their most recent album Wave the Bull was released in March 2025.

Connect (Sick Puppies album)
Connect is the fourth studio album by Australian band Sick Puppies, released on 16 July 2013 by Capitol Records. This was the last album to feature lead vocalist and guitarist Shimon Moore prior to his dismissal on 20 October 2014.

The album debuted at No. 17 on the US Billboard 200 album chart, their highest charting position to date, with 18,195 copies sold. Connect sold 16,318 albums in its first week.

A preview of the first single "There's No Going Back" was released on YouTube on 10 May 2013. The single was released on 20 May 2013.
Tombstone, Arizona
Tombstone is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, founded in 1879 by prospector Ed Schieffelin in what was then Pima County, Arizona Territory. It became one of the last boomtowns in the American frontier. The town grew significantly into the mid-1880s as the local mines produced $40 to $85 million in silver bullion, the largest productive silver district in Arizona. Its population grew from 100 to around 14,000 in less than seven years. It is best known as the site of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and draws most of its revenue from tourism. The city had a permanent population of 1,308, according to the 2020 census.

Frank McLaury
Frank McLaury born Robert Findley McLaury (March 3, 1849 – October 26, 1881) was an American outlaw. He and his brother Tom allegedly owned a ranch outside Tombstone, Arizona, although this ownership is disputed, that cowboy Frank Patterson owned the ranch. Arizona Territory during the 1880s, and had ongoing conflicts with lawmen Wyatt, Virgil, and Morgan Earp. Ike Clanton repeatedly threatened the Earps due to Ike’s drunkenness and paranoia of Wyatt Earp ratting Ike out to the other cowboys for taking a bribe of $6,000 for the whereabouts of Billy Leonard. On October 26, 1881, Tom, Frank, and Billy Clanton were killed in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral.
Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.

Kocievians
The Kocievians (Polish: Kociewiacy), are an ethnographic group of Polish people indigenous to the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in northern Poland, administratively divided between the voivodeships of Pomerania and Kuyavia–Pomerania. They speak the Kociewian dialect of Polish.
Androstenedione
Androstenedione, or 4-androstenedione (abbreviated as A4 or Δ4-dione), also known as androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). It is closely related to androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol).

Sex hormone
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids,  gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. The sex hormones include the androgens, estrogens, and progestogens. Their effects are mediated by slow genomic mechanisms through nuclear receptors as well as by fast nongenomic mechanisms through membrane-associated receptors and signaling cascades. Certain polypeptide hormones including the luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone – each associated with the gonadotropin axis – are usually not regarded as sex hormones, although they play major sex-related roles.
Sir William Dunch
Sir William Dunch (1578–1611) of Brightwell, Berkshire was an English politician during the reign of King James I.

He was the son of Sir Edmund Dunch (1551–1623) and graduated from Balliol College, Oxford in 1595 before entering Gray's Inn. He married Mary Cromwell in 1599, the daughter of Sir Henry Cromwell and aunt to Oliver Cromwell. It is believed that the variant name for the rounded hills Wittenham Clumps (Mother Dunch's Buttocks) near the Dunch's family seat at Little Wittenham is associated with her. He was knighted in 1603 by King James I.

Dunch represented Wallingford in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire) as an MP from 1604 to 1611.

William's brother Samuel Dunch (1593–1666) represented Wallingford in 1620, as did William's son Edmund (1602–1678).

Samuel Dunch
Samuel Dunch (1593–1668)  was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1621 and 1653.

Dunch was the son of Edmund Dunch  of Little Wittenham in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). He matriculated at Magdalen College, Oxford on 11 November 1608, aged 15 and was awarded BA on 23 January 1612. He was a student of Gray's Inn in 1611. In 1621 he was elected MP for Wallingford. He was also a Justice of the Peace and served as High Sheriff of Berkshire in 1629. He lived at Pusey in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire).

Dunch was an uncle of Oliver Cromwell. In 1653, he was nominated to the Barebones Parliament as MP for Berkshire.

Dunch married Dulcibella Moore, daughter of John Moore, Serjeant-at-law, by licence dated 28 May 1617.  Through her, he inherited North Baddesley Manor. Amongst their children was John Dunch MP. Dunch's brother, Sir William Dunch was also MP for Berkshire.
New weird
The new weird is a literary genre that emerged in the 1990s through early 2000s with characteristics of weird fiction and other speculative fiction subgenres. M. John Harrison is credited with creating the term "New Weird" in the introduction to The Tain in 2002. The writers involved are mostly novelists who are considered to be part of the horror or speculative fiction genres but who often cross genre boundaries. Notable authors include K. J. Bishop, Paul Di Filippo, M. John Harrison, Jeffrey Ford, Storm Constantine, China Miéville, Alastair Reynolds, Justina Robson, Steph Swainston, Mary Gentle, Alistair Rennie, Michael Cisco, Jeff VanderMeer and Conrad Williams. The movement was further defined and cataloged in 2008 with the publication of The New Weird, an anthology edited by Ann and Jeff VanderMeer that compiled seminal stories and essays from the genre's proponents.

Slipstream fiction
Slipstream is a literary genre or category of speculative fiction that blends together science fiction, fantasy, and literary fiction, or otherwise does not remain within conventional boundaries of genre and narrative. It directly extends from the experimentation of the New Wave science fiction movement while also borrowing from fantasy, psychological fiction, philosophical fiction and other genres or styles of literature.

Historical examples of the genre were partially codified in Feeling Very Strange: The Slipstream Anthology; contemporary examples include Peaces by Helen Oyeyemi, The Dangers of Smoking in Bed by Mariana Enríquez, and The Butterfly Lampshade by Aimee Bender.