hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guglielmo Grasso
Guglielmo Grasso, sometimes anglicized William Grassus (died 1201), was a Genoese merchant, pirate and admiral.

As a trader serving Genoa's leather sector, Grasso was active in the eastern Mediterranean. Around 1192, he turned to piracy in Byzantine waters. A string of high-profile attacks—including the slaughter of three embassies (two Byzantine, one Ayyubid) and unarmed civilians in Rhodes—forced Genoa to disown him. He reappeared in the service of the Emperor Henry VI in the Kingdom of Sicily in 1194 and was rewarded with the County of Malta and the rank of ammiratus (admiral). He lost his county in an uprising in 1198 and briefly returned to Genoa. He was back in Sicily in 1199 taking part in the civil war over the regency for Henry's young heir. After a change of allegiance, he was captured by his former allies and imprisoned in 1200. Genoese efforts to procure his release were rebuffed and he died in prison. Nevertheless, his son-in-law managed to succeed him in Malta.

Count of Malta
The County of Malta was a feudal lordship of the Kingdom of Sicily, relating to the islands of Malta and Gozo. Malta was essentially a fief within the kingdom, with the title given by Tancred of Sicily the Norman king of Sicily to Margaritus of Brindisi in 1192 who earned acclaim as the Grand Admiral of Sicily. Afterwards the fiefdom was passed from nobleman to nobleman remaining as a family possession in a few instances. It was used mainly as a bargaining tool in Sicilian politics leading to a rather turbulent history. The fiefdom was elevated to a Marquisate in 1392 and either title was no longer used after 1429.
Cygnus paloregonus
Cygnus paloregonus is a fossil swan. It is an ancestor of, and distantly allied to, the mute swan. It is known from the Pleistocene from Fossil Lake, Oregon, Froman's Ferry, Idaho, and from Arizona. It is referred to by Hildegarde Howard in Delacour's The Waterfowl of the World as "probably the mute type swan".

Mute swan
The mute swan (Cygnus olor) is a species of swan and a member of the waterfowl family Anatidae. It is native to much of Europe and parts of Asia and (as a rare winter visitor) the far north of Africa. It is an introduced species in North America, home to the largest populations outside of its native range, with additional smaller introductions in Australasia and Southern Africa. The name "mute" derives from it being less vocal than other swan species. Measuring 125 to 160 cm (49 to 63 in) in length, this large swan is wholly white in plumage, with an orange beak bordered with black. It is recognisable by its pronounced knob atop the beak, which is larger in males.
Osorkon I
Sekhemkheperre Osorkon I was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 22nd Dynasty. Osorkon's territory included much of the Levant.

The Osorkon Bust found at Byblos is one of the five Byblian royal inscriptions.

Kenneth Kitchen
Kenneth Anderson Kitchen (1932 – 6 February 2025) was a British biblical scholar, Ancient Near Eastern historian, and Personal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and honorary research fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, England. He specialised in the ancient Egyptian Ramesside Period (i.e., Dynasties 19-20), and the Third Intermediate Period of Egypt, as well as ancient Egyptian chronology, having written over 250 books and journal articles on these and other subjects since the mid-1950s. He has been described by The Times as "the very architect of Egyptian chronology".
Adams MultiMedia
Adams Publishing Group LLC (APG) is a company that provides publishing services, including newspapers, periodicals, and website publishing in the United States. Its corporate headquarters is located in Coon Rapids, Minnesota. Mark Adams, son of late billionaire philanthropist Stephen Adams and his first wife, Virginia Ridgway (granddaughter of Ameriprise Financial (formerly American Express Financial Advisors) co-founder John Ridgway), founded Adams Publishing Group in late 2013 after a career in private equity. In March 2014, APG began to acquire newspapers and media related businesses. As of 2022, it owned more than 127 newspapers in 20 states and the District of Columbia.

Wyoming Tribune Eagle
The Wyoming Tribune Eagle is a daily newspaper published in Cheyenne and distributed primarily in Laramie County, Wyoming. It is the state's second largest newspaper in terms of circulation, behind the Casper Star Tribune. The Tribune Eagle is also one of several newspapers serving the Front Range Urban Corridor.
Sri Punyarathana Dhamma School
Sri Punyarathana Dhamma School at Choola Bodhi Viharaya is a free education Buddhist religion center (Sunday School) for children under the age of 18 years. It is situated in the village Haburugala in the Southern part of Sri Lanka. The purpose of the school is to guide students from Haburugala and nearby villages to understand, practice, and analyze Theravada Buddhist principals (Dharma) which Buddha discovered. The school intends to produce non-violent, peaceful, well-mannered students with their ambitions to become useful people to the world. The school is maintained by the Choola Bodhi Viharaya temple in Haburugala, Bentota which is an agricultural village. The chief monk Uhan Owita Sumanasiri is the principal of the free Buddhist school since its establishment in 1987.

Haburugala
Haburugala is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within the  Southern Province. Sri Punyarathana Dhamma School in Choola Bodhi Viharaya Buddhist temple, Dharmaraja Vidyalaya, and Elakaka Maha Vidyalaya schools are situated in Haburugala. Most of the villagers are farmers who spend their time in paddy fields. The path to the village is surrounded by beautiful scenes such as the Dedduwa River, Bentota River, Bentota Beach, and Dedduwa marshland. A typical day has a temperature of around 26 degrees Celsius.
Crossbow bolt
A bolt or quarrel is a dart-like projectile used by crossbows.  The word quarrel is from the Old French quarrel (> French carreau) "square thing", specialized use as quarrel d'arcbaleste (> carreau d'arbalète) "crossbow quarrel", referring to their typically square heads. Although their lengths vary, bolts are typically shorter and heavier than traditional arrows shot with longbows.

Projectile
A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance. Although any objects in motion through space are projectiles, they are commonly found in warfare and sports (for example, a thrown baseball, kicked football, fired bullet, shot arrow, a ball from a cannon, stone released from catapult).

In ballistics, mathematical equations of motion are used to analyze projectile trajectories through launch, flight, and impact.
Fuzuloparib
Fuzuloparib (trade name AiRuiYi) is a pharmaceutical drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer.  It is approved for use in China. It is an inhibitor of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme.

It is also being studied for its potential use for the treatment of pancreatic, breast, prostate, and lung cancer.

PARP inhibitor
PARP inhibitors are a class of drugs that are a group of pharmacological inhibitors of the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), which plays a role in repairing DNA in damaged cells.

Medical uses of these drugs include the treatment of heritable cancers. Several forms of cancer are more dependent on PARP than regular cells, making PARP (PARP1, PARP2 etc.) an attractive target for cancer therapy. PARP inhibitors appear to improve progression-free survival in women with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, as evidenced mainly by olaparib added to conventional treatment.

In addition to their use in cancer therapy, PARP inhibitors are considered a potential treatment for acute life-threatening diseases, such as stroke and myocardial infarction, as well as for long-term neurodegenerative diseases.
Oh, Mabel Behave
Oh, Mabel Behave is a 1922 American silent comedy film starring Mabel Normand, Owen Moore, Mack Sennett, and Ford Sterling. Sennett and Sterling also directed the film. A print of the film survives.

This film was likely filmed in 1915 or 1916 as it is listed as produced by Triangle Film Corporation, which was defunct by 1922.

Triangle Film Corporation
Triangle Film Corporation (also known as Triangle Motion Picture Company) was a major American motion-picture studio, founded in July 1915 in Culver City, California and terminated 7 years later in 1922.
Papillon Rose
Papillon Rose (パピヨンローゼ, Papiyon Rōze) is an anime series which parodies the magical girl genre, particularly Sailor Moon and Cutie Honey. A 24-minute OVA was released in 2003 followed by a six-episode TV series, broadcast in Japan in 2006. A DVD collection containing the OVA and TV series was released in North America in 2010. The origin of this anime series is different from most other anime series' as it is based on an Internet hoax rather than a previously existing manga series.

Section23 Films
SXION 23 LLC, doing business as Section23 Films, is an American multimedia distributor based in Houston, Texas specializing in releasing anime and Japanese films. Established in 2009, Section23 is one of five successors to ADV Films; alongside Sentai Filmworks, Switchblade Pictures, Maiden Japan, and AEsir Holdings. The company is named after a Texas tax code.
The Washington Post Writers Group
The Washington Post Writers Group (WPWG), a division of The Washington Post News Service & Syndicate, is a press syndication service distributing opinion columnists, breaking news, podcasts and video journalism, lifestyle content, and graphics and data visualizations. The service is operated by The Washington Post.

Loose Parts
Loose Parts is a daily single-panel comic strip by Dave Blazek. It is similar in tone, content, and style to Gary Larson's The Far Side, involving Theatre of the Absurd-style themes and characters. Loose Parts is currently syndicated by Andrews McMeel Syndication  and appears in newspapers across the country and overseas.

Loose Parts was nominated for Best Newspaper Panel Cartoon division award in the 2010 National Cartoonists Society Reuben Awards. After being nominated an additional three more times, it won the award in 2019, repeating in 2020.
Lizhuang, Dangshan County
Lizhuang (simplified Chinese: 李庄镇; traditional Chinese: 李莊鎮; pinyin: Lǐzhuāng Zhèn) is a town in Dangshan County, Suzhou, Anhui Province, China. As of the 2010 Chinese Census, Lizhuang has a population of 45,817.

The town has a humid subtropical climate. Many in Lizhuang are farmers, growing corn, pomegranates, and various vegetables. There is also a small coal mine in the town. Many of Lizhuang's adults have migrated elsewhere for work, leaving a large number of left-behind children to be raised by their grandparents.

Traditional houses in the town are made from stone held together with a paste made from ashes. Remittances from migrant workers have enabled some residents to construct homes with modern building materials such as bricks, roofing tile and cement.

Dangshan County
Dangshan County (simplified Chinese: 砀山县; traditional Chinese: 碭山縣; pinyin: Dàngshān Xiàn) is a county in the far north of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Suzhou city. It is famous for fruits (pear, peach, plum and watermelon).
Misfits in Action
The Misfits in Action (MIA) were a stable in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) formed in 2000. They had the shortest reign for the now-retired WCW World Tag Team Championship, which was held by Corporal Cajun and Lieutenant Loco.

Tylene Buck
Tylene Dawn Buck  (born March 7, 1972) is an American pornographic actress, model, camgirl, former professional wrestler and valet. She is perhaps best known for her stint in World Championship Wrestling under the ring name Major Gunns.
Crataegus wilsonii
Crataegus wilsonii is a species of hawthorn native to the mountains of southwestern China at elevations of 900 to 3000 meters. It is an ornamental tree, intolerant of summer drought, that is rarely cultivated.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Obinutuzumab
Obinutuzumab, sold under the brand name Gazyva among others, is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used as a treatment for cancer and active lupus nephritis. It was originated by GlycArt Biotechnology AG and developed by Roche.

Afucosylated monoclonal antibodies
Afucosylated monoclonal antibodies are monoclonal antibodies engineered so that the oligosaccharides in the Fc region of the antibody do not have any fucose sugar units. When antibodies are afucosylated, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is increased.
Sashadhar Mukherjee
Sashadhar Mukherjee (29 September 1909 – 3 November 1990) was an Indian filmmaker in Hindi cinema. He started his career with Bombay Talkies in the 1930s, and later established Filmistan Studio with Rai Bahadur Chunilal (father of music director Madan Mohan), Ashok Kumar and Gyan Mukherjee in 1943. In the 1950s, he went on to start his independent studio, Filmalaya. He is noted for films like Dil Deke Dekho (1959), Love in Simla (1960), Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962) and Leader  (1964). He is part of the distinguished Mukherjee clan of Bollywood.

He won the Filmfare Award for Best Film in 1956 for Jagriti. In 1967, he was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour by the Government of India.

Mukherjee-Samarth family
The Mukherjee-Samarth family is a Bengali-Marathi Hindu family that has been involved in the Hindi film industry since the 1930s, Shobhana Samarth having first acted in a film in 1935. The Mukherjee family was connected to the Samarth family by Tanuja's marriage to Shomu Mukherjee in 1973.
Lonely Mountain
In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, the Lonely Mountain is a mountain northeast of Mirkwood. It is the location of the Dwarves' Kingdom under the Mountain and the town of Dale lies in a vale on its southern slopes.
In The Lord of the Rings, the mountain is called by the Sindarin name Erebor. The Lonely Mountain is the destination of the protagonists, including the titular Hobbit Bilbo Baggins in The Hobbit, and is the scene of the novel's climax.

The mountain has been described as the goal of Bilbo's psychological quest in The Hobbit; scholars have noted that both it and The Lord of the Rings are structured as quests to a distant mountain, but that the quests have very different motivations. Further, the mountain is a symbol of adventure in The Hobbit, and of Bilbo's maturation as an individual, while to the Dwarves, it stands for the gain of beauty in return for loss of life.

Dragons in Middle-earth
J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium features dragons based on those of European legend, but going beyond them in having personalities of their own, such as the wily Smaug, who has features of both Fafnir and the Beowulf dragon.

Dragons appear in the early stories of The Book of Lost Tales, including the mechanical war-dragons of The Fall of Gondolin. Tolkien went on to create Smaug, a powerful and terrifying adversary, in The Hobbit. Dragons are only mentioned in passing in The Lord of the Rings.

Tolkien's conception of the dragon has been adopted both in games loosely based on his Middle-earth writings, and by other fantasy authors. Several taxa have been named after Tolkien's dragons, including both extinct and living species. Several taxa, including girdled lizards, shield bugs, and ants, carry the name Smaug.
Phi Virginis
Phi Virginis (φ Virginis, abbreviated Phi Vir, φ Vir) is a binary star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo. It can be seen with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +4.81. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is located roughly 118 light-years (36 parsecs) distant from the Sun.

The two components are designated Phi Virginis A (officially named Elgafar /ˈɛlɡəfɑːr/, the traditional name for the system) and B.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Mont Blanc de Cheilon
Mont Blanc de Cheilon (also spelled Mont Blanc de Seilon) is a mountain of the Pennine Alps, located in the Swiss canton of Valais. The mountain lies between the valleys of Bagnes and Arolla. Culminating at 3,870 metres above sea level, it is one of the highest summits between the Grand Combin to the west and the Dent Blanche to the east. The massif is glaciated, with the Cheilon Glacier to the north, the Giétro Glacier to the west, the Brenay Glacier to the south and the Tsijiore Nouve Glacier to the east.

The first ascent of the mountain was made by Johann Jakob Weilenmann and J. Felley on 11 September 1865.

Giétro Glacier
The Giétro Glacier or Giétroz Glacier (French: Glacier du Giétro) is a 4 km (2.5 mi) long valley glacier located in south-western Switzerland. The 1818 Giétro Glacier catastrophe, which led to a lake outburst flood, is one of the worst disasters in the history of the Swiss Alps.
Drina Zone League
Drina Zone League (Serbian: Зонска лига Дрина / Zonska liga Drina) is one of the Serbian Zone League divisions, the fourth tier of the Serbian football league system. It is run by the Football Association of West Serbia.

Founded in 2009, the league was folded in 2018, together with the Dunav Zone League and Morava Zone League. Four new sections were established instead, namely Kolubara-Mačva Zone League, Podunavlje-Šumadija Zone League, Šumadija-Raška Zone League and West Morava Zone League.

In 2024 the league was re-established.

Šumadija-Raška Zone League
Šumadija-Raška Zone League (Serbian: Шумадијско-рашка зонска лига / Šumadijsko-Raška zonska liga) was one of the Serbian Zone League divisions, the fourth tier of the Serbian football league system. It was run by the Football Association of West Serbia.

The league was founded in 2018, together with the Kolubara-Mačva Zone League, Podunavlje-Šumadija Zone League and West Morava Zone League. Clubs that participated in this competition came from Raška District, the city of Kragujevac, municipality of Knić and Serbian clubs from District of Mitrovica.

In 2024, this league was folded, together with the Kolubara-Mačva Zone League, Podunavlje-Šumadija Zone League and West Morava Zone League, and the 3 old Zone Leagues were re-established : Morava Zone League, Dunav Zone League and Drina Zone League.
Rotsee
The Rotsee (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈroːtˌzeː]; previously known as Rootsee) is a natural rowing lake on the northern edge of Lucerne, Switzerland. It is regarded as one of the best rowing venues in the world.

1962 World Rowing Championships
The 1962 World Rowing Championships were the inaugural world championships in rowing. The competition was held in September 1962 on the Rotsee in Lucerne, Switzerland. Rowers from West Germany dominated the competition, winning five of the seven boat classes.
Chabrey
Chabrey (French pronunciation: [ʃabʁɛ]) is a former municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Bellerive, Chabrey, Constantine, Montmagny, Mur, Vallamand and Villars-le-Grand merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Vully-les-Lacs.

Villars-le-Grand
Villars-le-Grand is a former municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Bellerive, Chabrey, Constantine, Montmagny, Mur, Vallamand and Villars-le-Grand merged on 1 July 2011 into the new municipality of Vully-les-Lacs.
Aiguille du Midi
The Aiguille du Midi (French pronunciation: [eɡɥij dy midi], "Southern Needle") is a 3,842-metre-tall (12,605 ft) mountain in the Mont Blanc massif within the French Alps. It is a popular tourist destination and can be directly accessed by cable car from Chamonix that takes visitors close to Mont Blanc.

Cosmiques Hut
The Cosmiques Hut (French: Refuge des Cosmiques) is a mountain hut in the Mont Blanc massif in the French Alps at an altitude of 3,613 m (11,854 ft). It is a large structure capable of accommodating 148 mountaineers. It was constructed in 1990 on a rock promontory situated between the Col du Midi and the base of the Cosmiques Arête which descends southwards from the Aiguille du Midi. It gives access to a number of classic alpine mountaineering routes, and has proved to be extremely popular with mountaineers, so much so that in the summer months prior booking a few days beforehand is essential in order to secure a bed. The Hut is wardened between mid-February and mid-October. In winter the nearby Abri Simond Hut is left unlocked, although this has no cooking facilities, heating or water.
1962 British Grand Prix
The 1962 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Aintree on 21 July 1962. It was race 5 of 9 in both the 1962 World Championship of Drivers and the 1962 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. This was the last race at Aintree. From 1963 onwards, the race would be held at Silverstone or Brands Hatch. Scotsman Jim Clark dominated the race, driving a Lotus 25. It was considered a power track, benefitting the light and powerful Lotus and Lola cars in particular. Ferrari were still sidelined due to the Italian metal workers' strike but managed to send one car for Phil Hill.

1962 Formula One season
The 1962 Formula One season was the 16th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 13th World Championship of Drivers, the 5th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and numerous non-championship Formula One races. The World Championship was contested over nine races between 20 May and 29 December 1962.

Graham Hill driving for BRM won his first Drivers' Championship when rival Jim Clark retired from the last race. BRM also won the Manufacturers' Championship for the first time, and it would be the only time.

Double World Champion Jack Brabham formed his own team and debuted the Brabham BT3 in the United States Grand Prix, becoming the first ever F1 driver to score championship points in a car bearing his own name.

Ricardo Rodríguez suffered a fatal crash during practice for his home race, the non-championship Mexican Grand Prix. He had been the youngest ever driver for Scuderia Ferrari, but also became the youngest ever F1 driver to die.