hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pentatonic scale
A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to heptatonic scales, which have seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale).

Pentatonic scales were developed independently by many ancient civilizations and are still used in various musical styles to this day. As Leonard Bernstein put it: "The universality of this scale is so well known that I'm sure you could give me examples of it, from all corners of the earth, as from Scotland, or from China, or from Africa, and from American Indian cultures, from East Indian cultures, from Central and South America, Australia, Finland ... now, that is a true musico-linguistic universal." There are two types of pentatonic scales: those with semitones (hemitonic) and those without (anhemitonic).

Étude Op. 10, No. 5 (Chopin)
Étude Op. 10, No. 5 in G♭ major is a study for solo piano composed by Frédéric Chopin in 1830. It was first published in 1833 in France, Germany, and England as the fifth piece of his Études Op. 10. The work is characterized by the rapid triplet figuration played by the right hand exclusively on black keys, except for one note, an F natural in measure 66. This melodic figuration is accompanied by the left hand with staccato chords and octaves.
Anterior sacrococcygeal ligament
The anterior sacrococcygeal ligament or ventral sacrococcygeal ligament consists of a few irregular fibers, which descend from the anterior surface of the sacrum to the front of the coccyx, blending with the periosteum.

This short ligament forms the continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament and stretches over the sacrococcygeal symphysis.

Sacrococcygeal symphysis
The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx.

It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae.
Sørsund Bridge
The Sørsund Bridge (Norwegian: Sørsundbrua) is a bridge that crosses the Sørsundet strait between the islands of Kirkelandet and Innlandet in the town of Kristiansund which is in Kristiansund Municipality, Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 408-metre-long (1,339 ft) bridge has 19 spans, with a main span of 100 metres (330 ft).  The bridge opened in 1963 and it carries County Road 420.

Kirklandet
Kirklandet or Gomalandet is an island in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The island is split in two by the Vågen inlet, with the western half called Kirklandet and the eastern half called Gomalandet. The name of the island means "church land", since it has been the historic site of a church. Today, Kirkelandet Church is located on the western part of the island.

This is the main island of the city of Kristiansund, with the island of Innlandet to the southwest, the island of Nordlandet to the southeast, and the island of Skorpa to the east. The main highway on the island is Norwegian National Road 70. The Sørsund Bridge connects the island to Innlandet and the Nordsund Bridge connects it to the island of Nordlandet. The Atlantic Ocean Tunnel connects it to the island of Averøya to the west.
V Corps Observation Group
The V Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the Air Service, First United States Army. It was demobilized in France on 15 February 1919.  There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.

104th Aero Squadron
The 104th Aero Squadron was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.

The squadron was assigned as a Corps Observation Squadron, performing short-range, tactical reconnaissance over the V Corps, United States First Army sector of the Western Front in France, providing battlefield intelligence. After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron returned to the United States in June 1919 and became part of the permanent United States Army Air Service in 1921, when it was redesignated as the 13th Squadron (Attack) .

The current United States Air Force unit which continues its lineage and history is the 13th Bomb Squadron, assigned to the 509th Operations Group at Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri.
European Data Relay System
The European Data Relay System (EDRS) system is a European constellation of GEO satellites that relay information and data between satellites, spacecraft, UAVs, and ground stations. The first components (a payload and dedicated GEO satellite) were launched in 2016 and 2019.

Inter-satellite service
Inter-satellite service, also known as inter-satellite radiocommunication service, as defined by Article 1.22 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR), is a radiocommunication service providing links between artificial satellites.
Valerius and Rufinus
Valerius and Rufinus (died 287 AD) are venerated as Christian saints and martyrs. Their legend states that they were imperial tax collectors in Soissons who were pious Christians. They were ordered to be arrested by Rictius Varus, the praefectus-praetorii in Gaul. The two saints hid themselves (tradition holds in a cave in a forest near Soissons) but were eventually caught, and then tortured and beheaded on the high road leading to Soissons.

Rufinus is one of the 140 Colonnade saints which adorn St. Peter's Square.

Rictius Varus
Rictius Varus (Rictiovarus, Rixius Varus, Rexius Vicarius) was a Vicarius in Roman Gaul at the end of the 3rd century, around the time of the Diocletianic Persecution. The Roman Martyrology contains many references to the prefect Rixius Varus, who is said to have persecuted hundreds of Christians. In Christian hagiography he later repented and became a Christian martyr himself, and is regarded a Saint in the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, with his feast day on July 6.

Modern scholars, however, question his existence and reject the story of his conversion.
Théophile de Bordeu
Théophile de Bordeu (22 February 1722 – 23 November 1776) was a French physician.

Bordeu was an early advocate of vitalism, especially the Montpellier vitalism. His pupils included Louis Lépecq de La Clôture.

Louis Lépecq de La Clôture
Louis Lépecq de La Clôture (12 July 1736 – 5 November 1804) was a French surgeon and epidemiologist. His work consisted mainly of a 15-year observation of the relations between climate, geography and pathologies in Normandy.
Battle of Parramatta
The Battle of Parramatta was a battle of the Australian Frontier Wars which occurred at Parramatta in March 1797. In the conflict, Aboriginal resistance leader Pemulwuy led a group of Bidjigal warriors, estimated to be up to 100, against armed British settlers and soldiers of the New South Wales Corps. A number of British were wounded and killed, numerous Aboriginal people were killed with many others wounded. Pemulwuy himself was wounded and placed into custody.

Pemulwuy
Pemulwuy (/pɛməlwɔɪ/ PEM-əl-woy; c. 1750 – c. 2 June 1802) was a Bidjigal warrior of the Dharug Nation, an Aboriginal Australian people from New South Wales. One of the most famous Aboriginal resistance fighters in the colonial era, he is noted for his resistance to British colonisation which began with the arrival of the First Fleet in January 1788.

Pemulwuy lived near Botany Bay, known as Kamay in the Dharug language. He is considered to have been a carradhy (cleverman), a Dharug spiritual healer and culture keeper. In 1790, Pemulwuy began a twelve-year guerrilla war against the colonists, which continued until his killing and beheading in 1802.

When Pemulwuy grew into manhood, he became Bemul Wagan, which represents "the earth and the crow". According to Dharug Indigenous activist Uncle Richard Green, "he wasn't very impressed with the mix of cultures. He preferred that we stayed within our own peoples". Another name for him was Butu Wagan, which means "crow".
John Lyall
John Angus Lyall (24 February 1940 – 18 April 2006) was an English footballer and manager primarily known for his 34 years at West Ham United. He played for the club as a youth, then as a first-team player before injury cut short his career. He then joined the coaching staff, before becoming the manager of the senior team in 1974. He stayed in that role until 1989. He subsequently went on to manage Ipswich Town from 1990 to 1994.

Boleyn Ground
The Boleyn Ground, more often referred to as Upton Park, was a football stadium in Upton Park, East London, England. It was the home of West Ham United from 1904 to 2016, and was briefly used by Charlton Athletic in the early 1990s. The seating capacity of the ground at closure was 35,016.

From the 2016–17 season, West Ham United have played their home matches at London Stadium in nearby Stratford. The last first-class match played at the Boleyn Ground was on 10 May 2016, a 3–2 West Ham United win in the Premier League against Manchester United.

The stadium was demolished in 2016 to make way for a new development.
Little Karoo
The Little Karoo, also known as the Klein Karoo, is a region in the south of the Western Cape province where ostrich farming was formerly practiced on a large scale. The area extends more or less from the Langeberg to the Swartberg. The Langeberg and the Outeniqua Mountains form the southern border of the area, the Swartberg the northern border. The main town is Oudtshoorn. Other towns/settlements in the area include: Ladismith, Calitzdorp, De Rust, as well as well-known mission stations such as Zoar, Amaliënstein, Barrydale and Dysselsdorp. Uniondale is the easternmost point of the area.

The area is mainly drained by the Gourits River, via its tributary the Olifants River. There are five island mountains in the region:Anysberg, Warmwaterberg, Touwsberg, Rooiberg, Gamkaberg, Kammanassieberg and Antoniesberg.

Oudtshoorn
Oudtshoorn (/ˈaʊtshɔːrn/, Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈœutsˌɦuərən]) is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa, located between the Swartberg mountains to the north and the Outeniqua Mountains to the south. Dubbed the "ostrich capital of the world", Oudtshoorn is known for its ostrich-feather booms, during 1865–1870 and 1900–1914. With approximately 60,000 inhabitants, it is the largest town in the Klein Karoo region. The town's economy is primarily reliant on the ostrich farming and tourism industries. Oudtshoorn is home to the world's largest ostrich population, with a number of specialised ostrich breeding farms, such as the Safari Show Farm and the Highgate Ostrich Show Farm, as stated by Pierre D. Toit.

Bhongolethu is a township 10 km (6 mi) east of Oudtshoorn. Derived from Xhosa, its name means "our pride".
Doseley Halt railway station
Doseley Halt railway station was a station serving the village of Doseley in Shropshire, England. The station was opened in 1932 and closed in 1962.

The station is the currently not in use and is eventually due to become part of the Telford Steam Railway alongside part of the former Wellington to Craven Arms Railway to Ironbridge power station. This would see new stations opened at Doseley, Lightmoor, Coalbrookdale and close to Buildwas for Ironbridge which includes proposals for a park and ride with passenger services between Ironbridge and Birmingham New Street.

Doseley
Doseley is a village in the Telford and Wrekin borough in Shropshire, England. It forms part of the Dawley Hamlets civil parish alongside Aqueduct, Horsehay, Lightmoor, Little Dawley and Spring Village.
Nikolajgade 20
Nikolajgade 20 / Dybensgade 20 is a Neoclassical apartment building situated at the corner of Nikolajgade and Dybensgade in central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was constructed by master mason Anthon Christian Wilcken and master carpenter Andreas Hallander in 1799–1800 as part of the rebuilding of the city following the Copenhagen Fire of 1795. It was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1959. A young Hans Christian Andersen was the lodger of a widow on the second floor in the early 1820s. From 1825 to 1840 the building was operated as a home for indigent seamen under the name Bombebøssen. That institution—founded by the naval officer Peter Norden Sølling in 1819— was then moved to Christianshavn. The building at the corner of Nikolajgade and Dybensgade was hit by fire in 1855 but subsequently restored.

Bombebøssen
Bombebøssen is a listed property from 1896 overlooking Christianshavn Canal in the Christianshavn neighbourhood of central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was built by the charity Sømandsstiftelsen Bombebøssen to provide housing for indigent seamen.
Balandin (crater)
Balandin is a small crater that is located on the far side of the Moon. It lies within the large walled plain Gagarin, close to the eastern rim.

Balandin is circular with a somewhat unusual hummocky interior floor, similar to the nearby Kosberg, to Barbier F within Barbier, or to Van den Bos.  It is adjacent to slightly smaller (unnamed) craters to the east and west.

Kosberg (crater)
Kosberg is a small lunar impact crater that is located near the middle of the huge walled plain Gagarin, which lies on the far side of the Moon and cannot be viewed directly from the Earth. Kosberg is a flat-bottomed crater with a circular outer rim, simple sloping inner walls, and a somewhat hummocky interior floor.  Kosberg also lies just to the west of a similarly sized, but deeper and more prominent bowl-shaped crater, Gagarin G.

The nearby crater Balandin (to the northeast and within Gagarin) also has a hummocky floor.
Société de transport de Montréal
The Société de transport de Montréal (French pronunciation: [sɔsjete də tʁɑ̃spɔʁ də mɔ̃ʁeal], STM; lit. 'Montreal Transit Corporation') is a public transport agency that operates transit bus and rapid transit services in the urban agglomeration of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Established in 1861 as the "Montreal City Passenger Railway Company", it has grown to comprise four subway lines with a total of 68 stations, as well as 221 bus routes and 23 night routes. The STM was created in 2002 to replace the Société de transport de la communauté urbaine de Montréal (STCUM; lit. 'Montreal Urban Community Transit Corporation'). The STM operates the second most heavily used urban mass transit system in Canada. As of 2023, the average daily ridership is 1,745,700 passengers: 686,300 by bus, 1,063,500 by rapid transit and 13,100 by paratransit service.

Honoré-Beaugrand station
Honoré-Beaugrand station (French pronunciation: [ɔnɔʁe boɡʁɑ̃]) is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and is the eastern terminus of the Green Line. It is located in the district of Tétreaultville. The station opened on June 6, 1976, replacing Frontenac station as the terminus.
Jiri-Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
Jiri-Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary located in western Manipur, India. It lies between the Jiri and Makru rivers, close to the Assam–Manipur border, and spans parts of Tamenglong district and Jiribam district. The sanctuary contains tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests and is recognised in conservation listings for its ecological importance.

Tamenglong district
Tamenglong district (Meitei pronunciation: /tæmɛŋˈlɒŋ/) is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. In 2011, Tamenglong was the least populous district in Manipur. In 2016, the Nungba subdivision was separated as a separate district. Tamenglong district is also the largest district of Manipur in 2024 with an area of 3,315 km2.
Cranberry fruit rot
Cranberry fruit rot (CFR) is a disease complex of multiple fungal agents affecting the American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon). Cranberry fruit rot can be categorized into field rot (occurring while growing and before harvest) and storage rot (occurring any time after harvest). The importance of field and fruit rot depends on how the cranberries will be processed after harvest. If cranberries are immediately processed after harvest, growers focus on preventing field rot, while growers seek to prevent storage rot with fresh market cranberries. There are 10–15 fungal pathogens known to cause cranberry fruit rot diseases, some active in only field rot, storage rot, or both. The majority of these fungal pathogens are ascomycetes, with the rest being deuteromycetes. No known bacterial pathogen plays a role in CFR or any major disease of cranberries, potentially due to the low pH conditions of the cranberry fruit.

Vaccinium macrocarpon
Vaccinium macrocarpon, also called large cranberry, American cranberry and bearberry, is a North American species of cranberry in the subgenus Oxycoccus.

The name cranberry comes from the shape of the flower stamen, which looks like a crane's beak.
Employment
Employment is a relationship between two parties regulating the provision of paid labour services.  Usually based on a contract, one party, the employer, which might be a corporation, a not-for-profit organization, a co-operative, or any other entity, pays the other, the employee, in return for carrying out assigned work. Employees work in return for wages, which can be paid on the basis of an hourly rate, by piecework or an annual salary, depending on the type of work an employee does, the prevailing conditions of the sector and the bargaining power between the parties. Employees in some sectors may receive gratuities, bonus payments or stock options. In some types of employment, employees may receive benefits in addition to payment. Benefits may include health insurance, housing, and disability insurance.

Employment contract
An employment contract or contract of employment is a kind of contract used in labour law to attribute rights and responsibilities between parties to a bargain.
The contract is between an "employee" and an "employer". It has arisen out of the old master-servant law, used before the 20th century. Employment contracts rely on the concept of authority, in which the employee agrees to accept the authority of the employer and in exchange, the employer agrees to pay the employee a stated wage (Simon, 1951).
Mark IV tank
The Mark IV (pronounced Mark four) was a British tank of the First World War. Introduced in 1917, it benefited from significant developments of the Mark I tank (the intervening designs being small batches used for training). The main improvements were in armour, the re-siting of the fuel tank and ease of transport. Armour was increased to resist the German armour-piercing bullet, the drivetrain was strengthened and side turrets were constructed so that they could be swung inside, enabling travel by train (Previously they had to be separately transported to the battlefield by truck).

A total of 1,220 Mark IVs were built: 420 "Males", 595 "Females" and 205 Tank Tenders (unarmed vehicles used to carry supplies), which made it the most numerous British tank of the war. The Mark IV was first used in mid 1917 at the Battle of Messines Ridge. It remained in British service until the end of the war, and a small number served briefly with other combatants afterwards.

Lewis gun
The Lewis gun (or Lewis automatic machine gun or Lewis automatic rifle) is a First World War–era light machine gun. Designed privately in the United States though not adopted there, the design was finalised and mass-produced in the United Kingdom, and widely used by troops of the British Empire during the war. It had a distinctive barrel cooling shroud (containing a finned breech-to-muzzle aluminium heat sink to cool the gun barrel), and top-mounted pan magazine. The Lewis served until the end of the Korean War, and was widely used as an aircraft machine gun during both World Wars, almost always with the cooling shroud removed, as air flow during flight offered sufficient cooling.
Stefan Żeromski Park (Szczecin)
The Stefan Żeromski Park (Polish pronunciation: [ˈstɛ.fan ʐɛˈrɔm.ski]; Polish: Park im. Stefana Żeromskiego) until 1945 known as the Grabowo Gardens (Polish pronunciation: [ɡraˈbɔ.vɔ]; German: Grabower Anlagen; Polish: Ogrody Grabowskie) is an urban park and arboretum in Szczecin, Poland. It is located in the Old Town neighborhood, within the Downtown district, between Matejki, Malczewskiego, Parkowa, Kapitańska, Storrady, Wawelska, Starzyńskiego, and Zygmunta Starego Streets. With an area of 21.97 ha, it is the second largest park in the city. It was established in 1910, in place of the former Grabowo Cemetery.

Statue of Flora
The Statue of Flora (Polish: Posąg Flory Pomnik Flory; German: Florastatue) is a sandstone sculpture in Szczecin, Poland, placed at the White Eagle Square. It consists of a statue of Flora, goddess of flowers and spring in Roman mythology, with two putti standing next to her legs, one with a flower basket, and one with a cornucopia. It was designed by Johann Konrad Koch, and sculptured by Johann Georg Glume around 1730.
Designated hitter
The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of the pitcher. Unlike other players in a team's lineup, they generally only play as an offensive player and usually do not play defense as a fielder or a pitcher during a game. Due to their specialized offensive-only role, the designated hitter is generally expected to produce above average offensive stats and production compared to other players who play defense.

In Major League Baseball, the position is authorized by Rule 5.11 of the Official Baseball Rules. It was adopted by the American League in 1973 and by the National League in 2022, making it universal in MLB. Within that time frame, nearly all amateur, collegiate, and professional leagues worldwide adopted the designated hitter or some variant, a major exception being Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League, which plans to adopt it in 2027.

Two-way player
In sports that require a player to play on offense and defense (such as basketball and ice hockey), a two-way player refers to a player who excels at both. In sports where a player typically specializes on offense or defense (like American football), or on pitching or batting (like baseball), it refers to a player who chooses to do both.
Wolfram Research
40°05′50″N 88°14′44″W﻿ / ﻿40.097128°N 88.245690°W﻿ / 40.097128; -88.245690

Wolfram Research, Inc. (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ WUUL-frəm) is an American multinational company that creates computational technology. Wolfram's flagship product is the technical computing program Wolfram Mathematica, first released on June 23, 1988. Other products include WolframAlpha, Wolfram System Modeler, Wolfram Workbench, gridMathematica, Wolfram Finance Platform, webMathematica, the Wolfram Cloud, and the Wolfram Programming Lab. Wolfram Research founder Stephen Wolfram is the CEO. The company is headquartered in Champaign, Illinois, United States.

Wolfram SystemModeler
Wolfram System Modeler, developed by Wolfram MathCore, is a platform for engineering as well as life-science modeling and simulation based on the Modelica language. It provides an interactive graphical modeling and simulation environment and a customizable set of component libraries.