hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fermat polygonal number theorem
In additive number theory, the Fermat polygonal number theorem states that every positive integer is a sum of at most n n-gonal numbers. That is, every positive integer can be written as the sum of three or fewer triangular numbers, and as the sum of four or fewer square numbers, and as the sum of five or fewer pentagonal numbers, and so on. That is, the n-gonal numbers form an additive basis of order n.

Triangular number
A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The nth triangular number is the number of dots in the triangular arrangement with n dots on each side, and is equal to the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. The first 100 terms sequence of triangular numbers, starting with the 0th triangular number, are

(sequence A000217 in the OEIS)
Graphonomics
Graphonomics is the interdisciplinary field directed towards the scientific analysis of the handwriting process, product, and other graphic skills.

Researchers in handwriting recognition, forensic handwriting examination, kinesiology, psychology, computer science, artificial intelligence, paleography and neuroscience cooperate in order to achieve a better understanding of the human skill of handwriting.  Research in graphonomics generally involves handwriting movement analysis in one form or another.

Questioned document examination
In forensic science, questioned document examination (QDE) is the examination of documents potentially disputed in a court of law. Its primary purpose is to provide evidence about a suspicious or questionable document using scientific processes and methods. Evidence might include alterations, the chain of possession, damage to the document, forgery, origin, authenticity, or other questions that come up when a document is challenged in court.
Hanasaari, Helsinki
Hanasaari (Swedish: Hanaholmen) is a neighbourhood in the district of Sörnäinen in Helsinki, Finland, between the neighbourhoods of Vilhonvuori, Kalasatama and Sompasaari near Merihaka. The name comes from an island that was lost under reclaimed land. Hanasaari has primarily been a power plant area, although the plant has already been shut down. The first power plant was built next to Hanasaari in Suvilahti.

Sompasaari
Sompasaari (Swedish: Sumparn) is an island on the Kruunuvuorenselkä water area in the Sörnäinen district in Helsinki, Finland. On the southern side of the Nihdinkanava channel built in the middle of Sompasaari is the island of Nihti.

The island was originally connected to the mainland with reclaimed land and the Sörnäinen Harbour was built on top of it. Because of this, the entire harbour has been referred to as Sompasaari. Signs on roads leading to the harbour used the name Sompasaari exclusively, with an  icon representing a cargo harbour. Harbour facilities in Sörnäinen ended in late 2008 when they moved to the new Vuosaari Harbour. In 2016 the island was converted to a residential area and it was separated from nearby Kalasatama by digging a new channel called Sompasaarenkanava between them.
Mevlevi Order
The Mevlevi Order or Mawlawiyya (Turkish: Mevlevilik; Persian: طریقت مولویه) is a Sufi order that originated in Konya, Turkey (formerly capital of the Sultanate of Rum) and which was founded by the followers of Jalaluddin Muhammad Balkhi Rumi, a 13th-century Persian poet, Sufi mystic, and theologian. The Mevlevis are also known as the "whirling dervishes" due to their famous practice of whirling while performing dhikr (remembrance of God). Dervish is a common term for an initiate of the Sufi path; whirling is part of the formal sema ceremony and the participants are properly known as semazens.

Kabir Edmund Helminski
Kabir Edmund Helminski (born July 1, 1947) is the author of a number of books on contemporary Sufism, a translator of Sufi poetry (especially the poetry of Rumi), and is the co-founder and co-director of Threshold Society. In 2001, Kabir was the first Muslim to deliver the Harold M. Wit Lectures on Spirituality in Contemporary Life at Harvard Divinity School. In 2007, he was also one of the original signatories of “A Common Word Between Us and You” an open letter by Islamic scholars to Christian leaders calling for peace and understanding.

In 2009, he was named as one of the “500 Most Influential Muslims in the World” by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Center in association with Georgetown University. In 2017 he was consulted and quoted in the Declaration on Humanitarian Islam, a detailed roadmap for the recontextualization of Islamic Orthodoxy by the world's largest Muslim organization, Nahdlatul Ulama/Ansor, based in Indonesia.
M14 (New York City bus)
The 14th Street Crosstown Line is a public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, running primarily along 14th Street from Chelsea or the West Village to the Lower East Side. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the M14 bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority under the MaBSTOA subsidiary. The line's two variants, the M14A SBS and M14D SBS, use Avenue A and Avenue D respectively from 14th Street south to the Lower East Side.

Abingdon Square Park
Abingdon Square Park is located in the New York City borough of Manhattan in Greenwich Village. The park is bordered by Eighth Avenue, Bank Street, Hudson Street and West 12th Street.

Abingdon Square Park is one of New York City's oldest parks, and at 0.25 acres (1,000 m2), one of it smallest. It is maintained by the Abingdon Square Conservancy, a community-based park association, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.
Sjuøyane
Sjuøyane (English: Seven Islands) is the northernmost part of the Svalbard archipelago north of mainland Norway, and some 20 km north of the eastern major island Nordaustlandet. The islands are the northernmost landmass reachable by normal means, being 1024.3 kilometers (637 mi / 553 nm) south of the North Pole. In comparison, Robert Falcon Scott started his ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition 1374 km (742 Nm) from the South Pole. Many of the islands are named after English explorers, most notably Captain Nelson.

Nordaustlandet
Nordaustlandet (Anglicised as North East Land) is the second-largest island in the archipelago of Svalbard, Norway, with an area of 14,443 square kilometres (5,576 sq mi). It lies north east of Spitsbergen, separated by Hinlopen Strait. Much of Nordaustlandet lies under large ice caps, mainly Austfonna and Vestfonna, the remaining parts of the north being tundra inhabited by reindeer and walruses. The island is uninhabited and lies entirely within Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve.
East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.

London metropolitan area
The London metropolitan area is the metropolitan area of London, England. It has several definitions, including the London Travel to Work Area, and usually consists of the London urban area, settlements that share London's infrastructure, and places from which it is practicable to commute to work in London. It is also known as the London commuter belt, or Southeast metropolitan area.
WarCry (band)
WarCry is a Spanish power metal band led by founder, singer, and songwriter Víctor García. Formed in 2001 when García and drummer Alberto Ardines were ejected from Avalanch, the band has since released seven studio albums and two live albums, with an eighth studio album currently in progress. WarCry has had a fluctuating lineup with García as the sole constant member. The band has been acclaimed as one of Spain's most famous heavy metal acts and has won numerous awards in both Spain and Latin America.

Avispa
Avispa (or Avispa Music per the URL) is a record label from Spain specializing in heavy metal; it is the largest Spanish company specializing in this type of music. When it was new, it was limited to the Spanish market, but it later launched itself internationally.
Kostas Choumis
Kostas Choumis (Greek: Κώστας Χούμης, Romanian: Constantin "Costică" Humis, born 20 November 1913 in Piraeus, Greece – deceased 20 July 1981 in Athens) was a Greek-Romanian football player who played as a striker. He is often regarded in Greece and Romania as one of the greatest strikers from the 1930s.

1934–35 Balkan Cup
The 1934–35 Balkan Cup was the fifth Balkan Cup football tournament. The national teams of Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria and Romania took part and it was won by Yugoslavia. The host of the tournament was Greece and they lost the trophy on the final day on January 1, defeated to Bulgaria by 1–2 as previously on the day Yugoslavia had thrashed Romania by 4–0. This was the first Balkan Cup for Yugoslavia. The top goalscorers were Aleksandar Tirnanić and Aleksandar Tomašević (both from Yugoslavia) with 3 goals each.
Jacob's Awards
The Jacob's Awards were instituted in December 1962 as the first Irish television awards. Later, they were expanded to include radio. The awards were named after their sponsor, W. & R. Jacob & Co. Ltd., a biscuit manufacturer, and recipients were selected by Ireland's national newspaper television and radio critics. Award winners were chosen annually until 1993, when the final awards presentation took place.

Winners of a Jacob's Award include Fionnula Flanagan (1965), Gay Byrne (1979), and Brendan Gleeson (1992). The record for the most awards won is held by Gay Byrne, who was honoured six times between 1963 and 1981.

John Bowman (broadcaster)
John Bowman (born 28 July 1942) is an Irish historian and a long-standing broadcaster and presenter of current affairs and political programmes with RTÉ. He chaired the audience-participation political programme Questions and Answers on RTÉ One for 21 years. He is the father of comedian and journalist Abie Philbin Bowman and the broadcaster and journalist Jonathan Philbin Bowman.
Faith Goldy
Faith Julia Goldy (born June 8, 1989), also known as Faith Goldy-Bazos, is a Canadian far-right, white nationalist political commentator, associated with the alt-right. She was a contributor to The Rebel Media and covered the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. Her contract was terminated in 2017 after she participated in a podcast on The Daily Stormer, a neo-Nazi website.

Goldy was a candidate in the 2018 Toronto mayoral election, finishing third with 3.4% of the vote. On April 8, 2019, Goldy was banned from Facebook, along with other "individuals and organizations who spread hate, attack, or call for the exclusion of others on the basis of who they are."

Red Ice
Red Ice is a white supremacist multimedia company founded in Sweden and led by the married couple Lana Lokteff and Henrik Palmgren. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) has described Red Ice as being important in the YouTube alt-right radicalization pipeline, further radicalizing people tentatively on the far-right and having "a history of embracing white supremacist rhetoric and talking points".
Edison's Black Maria
40°47′03″N 74°14′01″W﻿ / ﻿40.7843°N 74.2337°W﻿ / 40.7843; -74.2337

The Black Maria (/məˈraɪ.ə/ mə-RY-ə) was Thomas Edison's film production studio in West Orange, New Jersey. It was the world's first film studio.

Blacksmith Scene
Blacksmith Scene (also known as Blacksmith Scene #1 and Blacksmithing Scene) is an 1893 American short black-and-white silent film directed by William K.L. Dickson, the Scottish-French inventor who, while under the employ of Thomas Edison, developed one of the first fully functional motion picture cameras. It is historically significant as the first Kinetoscope film shown in public exhibition on May 9, 1893, and is the earliest known example of actors performing a role in a film. It was also the first U.S. motion picture film ever copyrighted that same year. 102 years later, in 1995, Blacksmithing Scene was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It is the second-oldest film included in the Registry, after Newark Athlete (1891).
Derek Anthony Seagrim
Lieutenant Colonel Derek Anthony Seagrim VC (24 September 1903 – 6 April 1943) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. His VC was earned during the North Africa Campaign.

His brother was Hugh Seagrim GC. He and his brother have the distinction of being the only siblings awarded the Victoria Cross and George Cross, both posthumously.

Green Howards
The Green Howards (Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment), frequently known as the Yorkshire Regiment until the 1920s, was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, in the King's Division. Raised in 1688, it served under various titles until it was amalgamated with the Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire and the Duke of Wellington's Regiment (West Riding), all Yorkshire-based regiments in the King's Division, to form the Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot) on 6 June 2006.
Masfjordnes
Masfjordnes is the administrative centre of Masfjorden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village lies along the southern shore of the Masfjorden, along Norwegian County Road 570. The village is very narrow, occupying the 200-metre (660 ft) wide strip of shoreline between the fjord and the mountains.

The small village is often called Sandnes by the locals since Sandnes Church is located here. There is an 800-metre (0.50 mi) long cable ferry from Masfjordnes to Duesund across the fjord. Masfjordnes is located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the city of Bergen. There was a factory that dyed cloth and yarn on the west side of Masfjordnes from 1889 until 1954.

Masfjorden (fjord)
Masfjorden is a fjord in Masfjorden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 24-kilometre (15 mi) long fjord flows to the west and empties into the Austfjorden, the inner part of the Fensfjorden. It is separated from Austfjorden by a 75 metres (246 ft) deep sill and has a maximum depth of 494 metres (1,621 ft).

The fjord is generally about 500 to 1,500 metres (0.31 to 0.93 mi) wide. The innermost part of the fjord splits into two branches at the village of Solheim with the Matrefjorden going to the southeast to the village of Matre and the Haugsværfjorden going to the northeast to the village of Haugsvær. The village of Matre and the European route E39 highway sits at the innermost part of the fjord.

There are no bridges over the fjord, but there is one regular cable ferry route near the mouth of the fjord in the east. The ferry runs from the village of Masfjordnes in the south to Duesund in the north, a distance of just less than 800 metres (2,600 ft).
Glencarlyn Historic District
The Glencarlyn Historic District is a national historic district located in the Glencarlyn neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia. It contains 276 contributing buildings, two contributing sites, one contributing structure, and one contributing object in a residential neighborhood in South Arlington. The area was platted in 1887 as Carlin Springs and continued to develop throughout the 20th century as a residential subdivision. The dwelling styles include a variety of architectural styles, ranging from Craftsman-style bungalows, Colonial Revival–style, and Queen Anne style dwellings. Notable buildings and sites include the Carlin Family Cemetery, Glencarlyn Library, and St. John's Episcopal Church. Also located in the district are the separately listed Ball-Sellers House and Carlin Hall.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Glencarlyn, Virginia
Glencarlyn is a residential neighborhood in Arlington County, Virginia.

Originally created as a summer community for Washingtonians who wished to escape the heat of the city, Glencarlyn was founded by partners Samuel S. Burdett, a former Missouri congressman, and his partner George W. Curtis in 1888.
Columbia Law School
Columbia Law School (CLS) is the law school of Columbia University, a private Ivy League university in New York City.

The school was founded in 1858 as the Columbia College Law School. The university is known for its legal scholarship dating back to the 18th century. Graduates of the university's colonial predecessor, King's College, include such notable early-American legal figures as John Jay, the first chief justice of the United States, and Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, who were co-authors of The Federalist Papers.

Columbia Law has many distinguished alumni, including United States presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Delano Roosevelt; ten justices of the Supreme Court of the United States; numerous U.S. Cabinet members and presidential advisers; US senators; representatives; governors; and more members of the Forbes 400 than any other law school in the world.

R. Kent Greenawalt
R. Kent Greenawalt (June 25, 1936 — January 27, 2023) was a legal scholar who was University Professor at Columbia Law School. His primary interests involved constitutional law, especially First Amendment jurisprudence, and legal philosophy.

Born in Brooklyn, New York, he received a B.A. from Swarthmore College in 1958, a B.Phil. from Oxford University in 1960 and an LL.B. from Columbia Law School in 1963. After law school, he clerked for Supreme Court Justice John Harlan. He joined the Columbia faculty in 1965. Greenawalt married Elaine Pagels in June 1995.
Inter Cardiff F.C.
Inter Cardiff F.C. was a Welsh football club based in Leckwith, Cardiff that played in the League of Wales. Founded as Inter Cardiff in 1990, by the merger of A.F.C. Cardiff and Sully F.C, the club changed its name to Inter CableTel in 1996 before reverting to their original name three years later.

Gwalia United F.C.
Gwalia United Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Gwalia Unedig) is a Welsh women's football club playing in the FAWNL Southern Premier Division. The club was renamed Gwalia United prior to the start of the 2024–25 season. Prior to this, the club was most recently called Cardiff City Ladies F.C. but has also played as Llanedeyrn L.F.C., Inter Cardiff F.C. and Cardiff County L.F.C.
Cliffbrook
Cliffbrook is a heritage-listed former residence, school and government building and now university research, administration building and university press located at 45-51 Beach Street, Coogee, New South Wales, an eastern suburb of Sydney, Australia. Built in 1921, its design is attributed to John Kirkpatrick. The building is owned by the University of New South Wales. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Coogee, New South Wales
Coogee (/ˈkʊdʒi/) is a beachside suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, eight kilometres south-east of the Sydney central business district.

The Tasman Sea and Coogee Bay along with Coogee Beach lie towards the eastern side of the suburb. The boundaries of Coogee are formed mainly by Clovelly Road, Carrington Road and Rainbow Street, with arbitrary lines drawn to join these thoroughfares to the coast in the north-east and south-east corners.
Hieronymites
The Hieronymites (also spelled Jeronymites or Jeronimites, also formally known as the Order of Saint Jerome (Latin: Ordo Sancti Hieronymi; abbreviated OSH), is a Catholic cloistered religious order and a common name for several congregations of hermit monks living according to the Rule of Saint Augustine, though the role principle of their lives is that of the 5th-century hermit and biblical scholar Jerome.

The principal group with this name was founded in the Iberian Peninsula around the 14th century. Their religious habit is a white tunic with a brown, hooded scapular and a brown mantle. For liturgical services, they wear a brown cowl.

Paula of Rome
Paula of Rome (AD 347–404) was an ancient Roman Christian saint and early Desert Mother. A member of one of the richest senatorial families which claimed descent from Agamemnon, Paula was the daughter of Blesilla and Rogatus, from the great clan of the Furii Camilli. At the age of 16, Paula was married to the nobleman Toxotius, with whom she had four daughters, Blaesilla, Paulina, Eustochium, and Rufina. She also had a boy, also named Toxotius. She was a disciple of Jerome and was one of the first abbesses of a convent of nuns.
Marcus Antonius Antyllus
Marcus Antonius Antyllus (47 BC – 23 August 30 BC) was a son of the Roman Triumvir Marc Antony. He was also called Antyllus, a nickname given to him by his father meaning "the Archer". Despite his three children by Cleopatra, Marc Antony designated Antyllus as his official heir, a requirement under Roman law and a designation that probably contributed to his execution at age 17 by Octavian (later the Emperor Augustus).

Ptolemy Philadelphus (son of Cleopatra)
Ptolemy Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaios Philadelphos, "Ptolemy the brother-loving", August/September 36 BC – 29 BC) was a Ptolemaic prince and was the youngest and fourth child of Greek Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, and her third with Roman Triumvir Mark Antony.
Walter Willson Cobbett
Walter Willson Cobbett  CBE (11 July 1847 – 22 January 1937) was an English businessman, amateur violinist and an influential patron of British chamber music from the decade before World War I until his death in 1937.  He was an innovative and astute businessman with an enthusiasm for the composition and performance of chamber music.  Cobbett's business successes enabled him to focus on his musical interests from about 1905.

Cobbett sponsored a series of competitions for the composition of new chamber music works by British composers and endowed the Cobbett Medal for services to chamber music.  He devised and encouraged the adaption of a short musical form called a 'phantasy'.  He compiled and edited the two-volume Cobbett's Cyclopedic Survey of Chamber Music, published in 1929, a comprehensive review of the musical genre.

Cobbett Association
The Cobbett Association for Chamber Music Research was founded in 1980, with the objective of disseminating information about lesser known chamber music of merit. It was named after Walter Willson Cobbett, an amateur violinist and author/editor of Cobbett's Cyclopedic Survey of Chamber Music. During its existence, the Association published a periodical, The Chamber Music Journal, under the general editorship of R.H.R. Silvertrust, which was dedicated to presenting information about the chamber music of lesser known composers. The Association ceased operations in 2010.