hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Passetto di Borgo
The Passetto di Borgo, also called Er Coridore di Borgo or the Passetto, is an elevated passage that links Vatican City with the Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome. The passage is an approximately 800-metre-long (2,600 ft) corridor, built within an old city wall of Rome. Its most significant purpose was to provide the Pope with a protected escape route from the Vatican, and it was used at least twice for this reason. It is located in the rione of Borgo.

Castel Sant'Angelo
Castel Sant'Angelo (pronounced [kaˈstɛl sanˈtandʒelo] Italian for 'Castle of the Holy Angel'), also known as Mausoleum of Hadrian (Italian: Mausoleo di Adriano),  is a towering rotunda (cylindrical building) in Parco Adriano, Rome, Italy. It was initially commissioned by the Roman Emperor Hadrian as a mausoleum for himself and his family. The popes later used the building as a fortress and castle, and it is now a museum. The structure was once the tallest building in Rome.
Don Sherwood (DJ)
Don Sherwood (September 7, 1925 – November 6, 1983) was an American radio personality. He was a San Francisco, California, disc jockey during the 1950s and 1960s.  Billed as "The World's Greatest Disc Jockey," Sherwood spent most of his career hosting a 6-9 a.m. weekday program on KSFO in San Francisco (560 kHz, 5000 watts), which was then owned by the singing cowboy actor Gene Autry.

KNEW (AM)
KNEW (960 AM) is an American radio station licensed to Oakland, California, and serving the San Francisco Bay Area.  It is owned by iHeartMedia and offers a hybrid sports and conservative talk format. Most of the programming comes from Fox Sports Radio and Premiere Networks. KNEW also carries Athletics baseball games. The station's studios are located in the SoMa district of San Francisco.

KNEW transmits 5,000 watts using a three-tower array directional antenna at all times.  The transmitter is located in Oakland at the eastern end of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge.  KNEW was previously heard on the HD Radio digital subchannel of 103.7 KOSF-HD2.
Charles Todd Quintard
Charles Todd Quintard (December 22, 1824 – February 16, 1898) was an American physician and clergyman who became the second bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee and the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of the South.

St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral (Memphis, Tennessee)
St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, designed by Memphis architect Bayard Snowden Cairns, located near downtown Memphis, Tennessee, is the cathedral church of the Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee and the former cathedral of the old statewide Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee.
Grezzago
Grezzago (Lombard: Gresciagh or Gresciaa [ɡreˈʃaː(k)], locally [ɡraˈʃɑːk]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,414 and an area of 2.5 square kilometres (0.97 sq mi).

Grezzago borders the following municipalities: Trezzo sull'Adda, Busnago, Trezzano Rosa, Vaprio d'Adda, Pozzo d'Adda.

Vaprio d'Adda
Vaprio d'Adda (Milanese: Vaver; Bergamasque: Aer; locally Vavar) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Milan.

Vaprio d'Adda borders the following municipalities: Trezzo sull'Adda, Capriate San Gervasio, Grezzago, Canonica d'Adda, Pozzo d'Adda, Cassano d'Adda, Fara Gera d'Adda.
Samartín de Güerces
Samartín de Güerces (Spanish: Huerces) is a parish of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain.

Its population was 313 in 2012.

Samartín de Güerces borders the municipality of Siero in the south and with the districts of Vega and Llavandera in the east. Its highest peak is Picu Samartín (513 m)

Vega, Gijón
Vega is a parish of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain. Its population was 3,484 in 2016.

Vega is a residential and rural area, bordering with the districts of Granda, Castiello Bernueces, Santurio, Caldones, Llavandera, and Samartín de Güerces.

The La Camocha coal mine (closed 2007) was located in Vega. The mining town of La Camocha (including El Vaticano and Ciudad Virginia barrios) is located in the mine surroundings.
Leeds Permanent Building Society
The Leeds Permanent Building Society was a building society founded in Leeds, England in 1848 and was commonly known in a shortened form as The Leeds or The Perm. It should not be confused with the extant Leeds Building Society (formerly Leeds and Holbeck Building Society)

The Light, Leeds
The Light is a leisure and retail centre in central Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. It occupies the rectangular space between The Headrow on the south, St Anne's Street on the north, Cookridge Street on the west, and Albion Street.  Two former streets divide it: Upper Fountaine Street (east-west) and Cross Fountaine Street (north-south) now covered with a glass roof. It incorporates two listed buildings Permanent House and the Headrow Buildings.
Fire (classical element)
Fire is one of the four classical elements along with earth, water and air in ancient Greek philosophy and science. Fire is considered to be both hot and dry and, according to Plato, is associated with the tetrahedron.

Elemental
An elemental is a mythic supernatural being that is described in occult and alchemical works from around the time of the European Renaissance, and particularly elaborated in the 16th century works of Paracelsus. According to Paracelsus and his subsequent followers, there are four categories of elementals, which are gnomes, undines, sylphs, and salamanders. These correspond to the four Empedoclean elements of antiquity: earth, water, air, and fire, respectively. Terms employed for beings associated with alchemical elements vary by source and gloss.
Sierra de Juárez
The Sierra de Juárez, also known as the Sierra Juarez, is a mountain range located in Tecate Municipality and northern Ensenada Municipality, within the northern Baja California state of northwestern Mexico.

It is a major mountain range in the long Peninsular Ranges System, that extends from Southern California down the Baja California peninsula into Baja California Sur state.

Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests
The Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests is a Nearctic temperate coniferous forests ecoregion that covers the higher elevations of the Sierra Juárez and Sierra San Pedro Mártir ranges of the Peninsular Ranges, of the northern Baja California Peninsula of Mexico. The pine–oak forests extend throughout the central portion of the Mexican state of Baja California and terminate near the border with the U.S. state of California.
Constructional apraxia
Constructional apraxia is a neurological disorder in which people are unable to perform tasks or movements even though they understand the task, are willing to complete it, and have the physical ability to perform the movements. It is characterized by an inability or difficulty to build, assemble, or draw objects. Constructional apraxia may be caused by lesions in the parietal lobe following stroke or it may serve as an indicator for Alzheimer's disease.

Two-streams hypothesis
The two-streams hypothesis is a model of the neural processing of vision as well as hearing. The hypothesis, given its initial characterisation in a paper by David Milner and Melvyn A. Goodale in 1992, argues that humans possess two distinct visual systems. Recently there seems to be evidence of two distinct auditory systems as well. As visual information exits the occipital lobe, and as sound leaves the phonological network, it follows two main pathways, or "streams". The ventral stream (also known as the "what pathway") leads to the temporal lobe, which is involved with object and visual identification and recognition. The dorsal stream (or, "where pathway") leads to the parietal lobe, which is involved with processing the object's spatial location relative to the viewer and with speech repetition.
Morgan State University
Morgan State University (Morgan State or MSU) is a public historically black research university in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is the third largest among all Historically Black Colleges or Universities (HBCUs). In 1890, the university, then known as the Centenary Biblical Institute, changed its name to honor Lyttleton Morgan, the first chairman of its board of trustees and a donor. It became a university in 1975.

Although a public institution, Morgan State is not a part of the University System of Maryland. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Earl S. Richardson
Earl Stanford Richardson (September 25, 1943 – September 11, 2025) was an American academic who served as the ninth president of Morgan State University from 1984 to 2010. Prior to serving as the president of Morgan State University, Richardson served as Assistant to the president of the University System of Maryland, and Executive Assistant to the Chancellor, Director of Career Planning and Placement and Acting Director of Admissions and Registration at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore.
Beyoğlu (Tünel)
Beyoğlu is a station on the historic Tünel funicular railway in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. Located on Tünel Square, near İstiklal Avenue, it is the northern and upper terminus of the 573 m (1,880 ft) railway. The station is located on the ground floor of the Metrohan Building, which serves as an administrative office building for the IETT.

Tünel
The Tünel (English: Tunnel, designated as the F2 line on the Istanbul transport map) is a historic underground rubber-tyred funicular line in Istanbul, Turkey. It has two stations, connecting Karaköy and Beyoğlu. The tunnel runs uphill from near the confluence of the Golden Horn with the Bosphorus and is about 573 metres (1,880 feet) long. It was inaugurated on 17 January 1875, making it the second oldest underground urban railway in the world, after the London Underground (1863).
Neuwied–Koblenz railway
The Koblenz–Neuwied railway is a two-track, electrified main line railway in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It connects the Neuwied station on the Right (east) Rhine line to the major railway junction at Koblenz Hauptbahnhof (central station) and to the Left (west) Rhine and Moselle lines.

East Rhine Railway
The East Rhine Railway (German: Rechte Rheinstrecke, literally 'right (of the) Rhine railway') is a major, double-track, electrified railway line, running along the right bank of the Rhine from Cologne to Wiesbaden. The 179-kilometer (111.2 mi)-long line forms two Deutsche Bahn routes. Route 465 extends from Cologne to Koblenz, via Troisdorf, Bonn-Beuel, Unkel, and Neuwied. From Koblenz, Route 466 extends to Wiesbaden, via Rüdesheim am Rhein. Together with the Taunus railway (Route 645.1), the line is used by Stadt-Express line SE-10 of the Rhine-Main Transport Association, which runs from Frankfurt to Koblenz and Neuwied.

With the Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed railway and the Sieg Railway, the East Rhine Railway forms a six-track line  between Cologne-Porz and Troisdorf.  It includes two tunnels between Rüdesheim and Niederlahnstein, including the well-known Loreley Tunnel near Sankt Goarshausen.
Memory protection
Memory protection is a way to control memory access rights on a computer, and is a part of most modern instruction set architectures and operating systems.  The main purpose of memory protection is to prevent a process from accessing memory that has not been allocated to it.  This prevents a bug or malware within a process from affecting other processes, or the operating system itself.  Protection may encompass all accesses to a specified area of memory, write accesses, or attempts to execute the contents of the area. An attempt to access unauthorized memory results in a hardware fault, e.g., a segmentation fault, storage violation exception, generally causing abnormal termination of the offending process. Memory protection for computer security includes additional techniques such as address space layout randomization and executable-space protection.

Global Descriptor Table
The Global Descriptor Table (GDT) is a core part of Intel's x86 architecture that helps manage how memory is accessed and protected. Introduced with the Intel 80286 processor, it plays a key role in defining memory segments and their attributes: the base address, the size, and access privileges like executability and writability.

Even though modern 64-bit systems rarely rely on segmentation, the GDT remains a required component for starting up the processor and managing certain system-level tasks.
Seyon Lodge State Park
Seyon Lodge State Park is a state park near Groton, Vermont in the United States. It is one of seven state parks located in Groton State Forest.

The focus of Seyon Lodge State Park is the 39-acre Noyes Pond. Activities includes bicycling, fly fishing, hiking, picnicking, snowshoeing and cross-country skiing.

The Lodge at Seyon operates year-round and features private lodging, event and meeting facilities for individual guests and groups.

Groton, Vermont
Groton is a town in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The population was 984 at the 2020 census. It contains the places Groton Pond, Rickers Mills, Rickers and West Groton. The unincorporated village of Groton in the southeast corner of town is recorded as the Groton census-designated place (CDP), with a population of 419 at the 2020 census.
Rapperswil-Jona
Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
Besides Rapperswil and Jona, which were separate municipalities until 2006, Rapperswil-Jona also includes Bollingen, Busskirch, Curtiberg, Kempraten-Lenggis, and Wagen.

The official language of Rapperswil is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

Rapperswil railway station
Rapperswil railway station (German: Bahnhof Rapperswil) is located next to the old town and harbour of Rapperswil in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It lies within both fare zone 180 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) and fare zone 996 of the Ostwind Fare Network. It is the largest of four active railway stations in the municipality of Rapperswil-Jona (the other three being Jona, Kempraten and Blumenau). Rapperswil railway station is situated on the north shore of Lake Zürich at the northern end of the Seedamm, which separates the Obersee (upper Lake Zürich) from the main body of the lake.

Because the Seedamm carries both rail and road connections from the south shore of the lake, and because Rapperswil is the meeting point of three separate line from the northern side of the lake, the station is a major nodal point on the local rail network, notably of the Zurich Transport Network (ZVV). The first railway opened in 1859.
Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee
The Australian Antarctic Names and Medals Committee (AANMC) was established to advise the Government on names for features in the Australian Antarctic Territory and the subantarctic territory of Heard Island and the McDonald Islands. The committee also issues nominations Governor General for the award of the Australian Antarctic Medal.

Committee members were appointed by the Minister or Parliamentary Secretary responsible for Antarctic matters. The committee was founded in 1952 as the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia,  and changed to the current name in 1982 to reflect the multiple functions that the committee is responsible for. The committee was replaced by the Australian Antarctic Division Place names Committee in 2015.

Mount Henderson (Holme Bay)
Mount Henderson (67°42′S 63°04′E﻿ / ﻿67.700°S 63.067°E﻿ / -67.700; 63.067) is a mountain in the Framnes Mountains of Mac. Robertson Land in the Antarctic. 
It is southeast of Holme Bay and northeast of the Masson Range.
Outline of finance
The following outline provides an overview and topical guide to finance:

Finance – the field concerned with how individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and manage monetary resources over time, while accounting for the risks associated with their activities and investments.

Rational pricing
In financial economics, rational pricing is the assumption that asset pricing models reflect the arbitrage-free price of the asset. This assumption is fundamental to the pricing of derivative instruments and useful in pricing fixed income securities.

According to rational pricing models, where a mismatch exists between two or more markets, arbitrage will occur such that the arbitrageur makes a risk-free profit by purchasing and short-selling simultaneously in both markets. By doing so, the arbitrageur may deliver the purchased asset to the buyer, receiving that higher price, whilst paying the seller on the cheaper market with the proceeds and pocketing the difference. As such, the law of one price holds across trading exchanges; prices of assets with identical cash flows equalise; and the price of assets with known future cash flows may be calculated in advance.

Rational pricing assumptions are a key aspect of mathematical finance and the fundamental theorem of asset pricing.
1965 Australian Grand Prix
The 1965 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Longford Circuit in Tasmania, Australia on 1 March 1965. It was open to Racing Cars complying with the Australian National Formula or the Australian 1½ Litre Formula. It was the 30th Australian Grand Prix.

The race, which had 18 starters, was the seventh and final round of the 1965 Tasman Series and round two of the 1965 Australian Drivers' Championship. It was the last Australian Grand Prix to be held at the Longford Circuit. Bruce McLaren won the race, his second and last Australian Grand Prix victory. Australian driver Rocky Tresise was killed in a second lap accident in which photographer Robin D'Abrera also died.

1965 Australian Drivers' Championship
The 1965 Australian Drivers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian national motor racing title open to racing cars complying with the Australian National Formula or the Australian 1½ Litre Formula. The title was contested over a six race series with the winner awarded the 1965 CAMS Gold Star. It was the ninth Australian Drivers' Championship.

The championship was won by Victorian racer Bib Stillwell driving a Repco Brabham BT11A-Coventry Climax. Stillwell won by 19 points from Jack Brabham (Repco Brabham BT11A-Coventry Climax). Three drivers shared third place, Spencer Martin (Repco Brabham BT11A-Coventry Climax), Leo Geoghegan (Lotus 32-Ford) and John McDonald (Cooper T53-Coventry Climax and Cooper T70-Coventry Climax).

Stillwell won three of the six races with the remaining race wins attained by Jim Clark (Lotus 32B-Coventry Climax), Bruce McLaren (Cooper T79-Coventry Climax) and Martin.
Yasuda Station (Kōchi)
Yasuda Station (安田駅, Yasuda-eki) is a railway station on the Asa Line in Yasuda, Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the third-sector Tosa Kuroshio Railway with the station number "GN23".

Yasuda, Kōchi
Yasuda (安田町, Yasuda-chō) is a town located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 July 2022, the town had an estimated population of 2,455 in 1244 households and a population density of 47 persons per km². The total area of the town is 52.36 square kilometres (20.22 sq mi).
Avi Resort & Casino
Avi Resort & Casino is a hotel and casino located near the southern tip of Nevada on the banks of the Colorado River in Laughlin, Nevada, next to Fort Mohave, Arizona. Within walking distance of the California and Arizona borders, it is owned by the Fort Mojave Tribe and operated by Warner Gaming. It has a 465-room hotel, a 25,000 sq ft (2,300 m2) casino and a 260-space RV park with internet access.

The casino opened on February 17, 1995, and was built at cost of $60 million. It is one of two Nevada tribe owned Indian casinos located in Nevada, the other being the much-smaller Moapa Tribal Casino (2,500 square foot of gaming space), owned by the Moapa Band of Paiutes.

Fort Mojave Indian Reservation
The Fort Mojave Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation along the Colorado River, currently encompassing 23,699 acres (95.91 km2) in Arizona, 12,633 acres (51.12 km2) in California, and 5,582 acres (22.59 km2) in the southernmost point of Nevada. Located around the tri-point of the three states, the reservation is home to approximately 1,100 citizens of the federally recognized Fort Mojave Indian Tribe of Arizona, California, and Nevada, a federally recognized tribe of Mojave people. Their autonym in the Mojave language is Pipa Aha Macav, which means "the People by the River".

Native Americans occupy less than 50 percent of the Mojave reservation. The Mojave people have leased much of their land to cotton, maize, and soybean farming companies, which employ a large population of resident Anglo-Americans and Mexican Americans.

The site of the former Fort Mohave and the eastern terminus of the Mojave Road are situated within the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation.
Schulenberg im Oberharz
Schulenberg im Oberharz (German pronunciation: [ˌʃuːlənbɛʁk ʔɪm ˈʔoːbɐhaːɐ̯ts], lit. 'Schulenberg in the Upper Harz') is a village and a former municipality in the district of Goslar in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has been part of the town Clausthal-Zellerfeld since January 1, 2015.

Clausthal-Zellerfeld
Clausthal-Zellerfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈklaʊstaːlˈtsɛlɐfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the southwestern part of the Harz mountains. Its population is approximately 15,000. The town hosts the Clausthal University of Technology. The health resort is located in the Upper Harz at an altitude between 390 and 821 m above sea level.
Morfydd Llwyn Owen
Morfydd Llwyn Owen (1 October 1891 – 7 September 1918) was a Welsh composer, pianist and mezzo-soprano. A prolific composer, as well as a member of influential intellectual circles, she died shortly before her 27th birthday.

Ernest Jones
Alfred Ernest Jones FRCP MRCS (1 January 1879 – 11 February 1958) was a Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst. A lifelong friend and colleague of Sigmund Freud from their first meeting in 1908, he became his official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world. As President of both the International Psychoanalytical Association and the British Psycho-Analytical Society in the 1920s and 1930s, Jones exercised a formative influence in the establishment of their organisations, institutions and publications.
Hampstead Meetinghouse
The Hampstead Meetinghouse, also once known as Hampstead Town Hall, is a historic meeting house at 20 Emerson Avenue in Hampstead, New Hampshire. The core of this dual-purpose (religious and civic) structure was begun in 1749, although its interior was not completely finished until about 1768. It is one of a number of fairly well-preserved 18th-century meeting houses in southeastern New Hampshire, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Hampstead, New Hampshire
Hampstead is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 8,998 at the 2020 census. Hampstead, which includes the village of East Hampstead, is home to a portion of the Rockingham Recreational Trail.