hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spain Park High School
Spain Park High School (SPHS) is a four-year high school in the Birmingham, Alabama, suburb of Hoover, that includes the Greystone Golf & Country Club–a 4000-acre master-planned golf community. It is the smaller of two high schools in the Hoover City School System. School colors are Carolina blue, black, and white, and the athletic teams are called the Jaguars. SPHS competes in AHSAA Class 6A athletics.

Hoover, Alabama
Hoover is a city in Jefferson and Shelby counties in north central Alabama, United States. Hoover is the largest suburban city in Alabama and the sixth largest city in Alabama. The population was 92,606 at the 2020 census. Hoover is part of the Birmingham, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area and is also included in the Birmingham-Cullman-Talladega, AL Combined Statistical Area. Hoover's territory is along the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains.

The Birmingham Barons Minor League Baseball team, which traces its history to 1885, played its home games at the 10,800-seat Hoover Metropolitan Stadium from 1988 through 2013, when it moved to Regions Field in the Parkside District of Birmingham.
Kamuku National Park
The Kamuku National Park is a Nigerian national park in Kaduna State, Nigeria, with a total area of about 1,120 km2 (430 sq mi). The park has a typical Sudanian Savanna ecology.

Due to insecurity in the region, the National Park Service temporarily suspended operations and research in the Kamuku National Park in 2021; operations were also suspended in the Kainji National Park and the Chad Basin National Park.

Chad Basin National Park
The Chad Basin National Park is a national park  in northeastern Nigeria, in the Chad Basin, with a total area of about 2,258 km2.
The park is fragmented, with three sectors.
The Chingurmi-Duguma sector is in Borno State, in a Sudanian savanna ecological zone.
The Bade-Nguru Wetlands and Bulatura sectors are in Yobe State in the Sahel ecological zone.
Formal moduli
In mathematics, formal moduli are an aspect of the theory of moduli spaces (of algebraic varieties or vector bundles, for example), closely linked to deformation theory and formal geometry. Roughly speaking, deformation theory can provide the Taylor polynomial level of information about deformations, while formal moduli theory can assemble consistent Taylor polynomials to make a formal power series theory. The step to moduli spaces, properly speaking, is an algebraization question, and has been largely put on a firm basis by Artin's approximation theorem.

A formal universal deformation is by definition a formal scheme over a complete local ring, with special fiber the scheme over a field being studied, and with a universal property amongst such set-ups. The local ring in question is then the carrier of the formal moduli.

Artin approximation theorem
In mathematics, the Artin approximation theorem is a fundamental result of Michael Artin (1969) in deformation theory which implies that formal power series with coefficients in a field k are well-approximated by the algebraic functions on k.

More precisely, Artin proved two such theorems: one, in 1968, on approximation of complex analytic solutions by formal solutions (in the case ); and an algebraic version of this theorem in 1969.
1962 Monaco Grand Prix
43°44′4.74″N 7°25′16.8″E﻿ / ﻿43.7346500°N 7.421333°E﻿ / 43.7346500; 7.421333

The 1962 Monaco Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monaco on 3 June 1962. It was race 2 of 9 in both the 1962 World Championship of Drivers and the 1962 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 100-lap race was won by Cooper driver Bruce McLaren after he started from third position. Phil Hill finished second for the Ferrari team and his teammate Lorenzo Bandini came in third.

1962 Formula One season
The 1962 Formula One season was the 16th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 13th World Championship of Drivers, the 5th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and numerous non-championship Formula One races. The World Championship was contested over nine races between 20 May and 29 December 1962.

Graham Hill driving for BRM won his first Drivers' Championship when rival Jim Clark retired from the last race. BRM also won the Manufacturers' Championship for the first time, and it would be the only time.

Double World Champion Jack Brabham formed his own team and debuted the Brabham BT3 in the United States Grand Prix, becoming the first ever F1 driver to score championship points in a car bearing his own name.

Ricardo Rodríguez suffered a fatal crash during practice for his home race, the non-championship Mexican Grand Prix. He had been the youngest ever driver for Scuderia Ferrari, but also became the youngest ever F1 driver to die.
West Kowloon Highway
West Kowloon Highway is a section of Route 3 in Hong Kong, built as part of the Airport Core Programme. This dual-three-lane expressway runs for 4.2 km (2.6 mi), connecting Western Harbour Crossing in the south with Tsing Kwai Highway in the north. While the southern section of the road is at grade, the northern part is on a viaduct in order to accommodate the MTR Tung Chung line and the Airport Express.

It is not to be confused with the older West Kowloon Corridor (currently part of Route 5), which is partly parallel to the West Kowloon Highway.

This expressway originally had a speed limit of 80 km/h (50 mph), but it was increased to 100 km/h (60 mph) because of the smooth shape of the road.

Route 3 (Hong Kong)
Route 3 (Chinese: 三號幹綫) is a series of expressways in Hong Kong that runs from Sai Ying Pun on Hong Kong Island to Yuen Long in the New Territories, linking West Kowloon, Kwai Chung and Tsing Yi. It was built as part of the Airport Core Programme to provide access to Hong Kong International Airport from the city, and to relieve congestion in the New Territories. The Western Harbour Crossing and Tai Lam Tunnel that form part of the route are tollways.
Calasca-Castiglione
Calasca-Castiglione is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Verbania.

Calasca-Castiglione borders the following municipalities: Antrona Schieranco, Bannio Anzino, Borgomezzavalle, Pallanzeno, Piedimulera, Pieve Vergonte, Rimella, Valstrona, Vanzone con San Carlo.

Vanzone con San Carlo
Vanzone con San Carlo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Verbania.

Vanzone con San Carlo borders the following municipalities: Antrona Schieranco, Bannio Anzino, Calasca-Castiglione, Ceppo Morelli.
Henry I, Count of Champagne
Henry I (December 1127 – 16 March 1181), known as the Liberal, was count of Champagne from 1152 to 1181. He was the eldest son of Count Theobald II of Champagne, who was also count of Blois, and his wife, Matilda of Carinthia.

Count of Champagne
The count of Champagne was the ruler of the County of Champagne from 950 to 1316. Champagne evolved from the County of Troyes in the late eleventh century and Hugh I was the first to officially use the title count of Champagne.

Count Theobald IV of Champagne inherited the Kingdom of Navarre in 1234. His great-granddaughter Joan married King Philip IV of France. Upon Joan's death in 1305, their son Louis became the last independent count of Champagne, with the title merging into the royal domain upon his accession to the French throne in 1314.

The titular counts of Champagne also inherited the post of seneschal of France.
Hyoid bone
The hyoid bone (/ˈhaɪɔɪd/ HY-oyd), also known as the lingual bone or the tongue-bone, is a horseshoe-shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage.  At rest, it lies between the base of the mandible and the third cervical vertebra.

Unlike other bones, the hyoid is only distantly articulated to other bones by muscles or ligaments. It is the only bone in the human body that is not connected to any other bones. The hyoid is anchored by muscles from the anterior, posterior and inferior directions, and aids in tongue movement and swallowing. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.

Its name is derived from Greek  hyoeides 'shaped like the letter upsilon (υ)'.

Thyroid cartilage
The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx. It does not completely encircle the larynx (only the cricoid cartilage encircles it).
A Better Place
A Better Place is a 1997 drama film written and directed by Vincent Pereira. It stars Robert DiPatri and Eion Bailey. It was produced in association with View Askew, Kevin Smith's production company, and released to DVD by Synapse Films. It was nominated for the Golden Starfish Award for Best American Independent Film at the 1997 Hamptons International Film Festival. In 2016, the film screened out of jury competition, in the director-curated block, but was chosen as the Audience Favorite Feature Film of the first annual Oil Valley Film Festival.

View Askew Productions
View Askew Productions, Inc. is an American film and television production company founded by Kevin Smith and Scott Mosier in 1994. Actors Ben Affleck, Jeff Anderson, Matt Damon, Chris Rock, Walter Flanagan, Bryan Johnson, Jason Lee, Jason Mewes, Brian O'Halloran and Ethan Suplee are people that frequently appear in projects under the View Askew banner.
Nottingham Health Profile
The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) is a general patient reported outcome measure which seeks to measure subjective health status.

It is a questionnaire designed to measure a patient’s view of their own health status, in a number of areas. It can be completed in 5 minutes.

The NHP consists of two parts. The first part focuses on health and comprises 38 items which deal with pain, energy, sleep, mobility, emotional reaction and social isolation. The second part focuses on life areas affected and consists of 7 items which deal with problems regarding occupation, housework, social life, family life, sexual function, hobbies and holidays. The second part of the NHP is optional and can be omitted without ruining the test results.

All questions have only yes/no answer options and each section score is weighted.  The higher the score, the greater the number and severity of problems. The highest score in any section is 100.

Patient-reported outcome
A patient-reported outcome (PRO) is a health outcome directly reported by the patient who experienced it. It stands in contrast to an outcome reported by someone else, such as a physician-reported outcome, a nurse-reported outcome, and so on. PRO methods, such as questionnaires, are used in clinical trials or other clinical settings, to help better understand a treatment's efficacy or effectiveness. The use of digitized PROs, or electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs), is on the rise in today's health research setting.
All Indian Cine Workers Association
All Indian Cine Workers Association (AICWA) is a non-profit organization registered at Mumbai. Founded by Suresh Shyamlal Gupta. AICWA works for security and safety of cine workers and artists of Indian film industry. It was formed for the betterment of workers and artists in the Indian film industry & giving them a platform for resolution of their grievances. It is affiliated with Government of Maharashtra.

2019 Pulwama attack
The 2019 Pulwama attack occurred on 14 February 2019, when a convoy of vehicles carrying Indian security personnel on the Jammu–Srinagar National Highway was attacked by a vehicle-borne suicide bomber at Lethapora in the Pulwama district of the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. The attack killed 40 Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel as well as the perpetrator — Adil Ahmad Dar— who was a local Kashmiri youth from the Pulwama district. The responsibility for the attack was claimed by the Pakistan-based Islamist terrorist group, Jaish-e-Mohammed. India blamed neighbouring Pakistan for the attack, while the latter condemned the attack and denied having any connections to it. The attack dealt a severe blow to India–Pakistan relations, consequently resulting in the 2019 India–Pakistan military standoff. Subsequently, Indian investigations identified 19 accused. By August 2021, the main accused along with six others had been killed, and seven had been arrested.
Donald Malarkey
Donald George Malarkey (July 31, 1921 – September 30, 2017) was an American politician and soldier who served as a non-commissioned officer with Easy Company, 2nd Battalion, 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, in the 101st Airborne Division of the United States Army during World War II. Malarkey was portrayed in the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers by Scott Grimes.

Brécourt Manor Assault
The Brécourt Manor Assault (6 June 1944) during the US parachute assault of the Normandy Invasion of World War II is often cited as a classic example of small-unit tactics and leadership in overcoming a larger enemy force.
Chikusa, Hyōgo
Chikusa (千種町, Chikusa-chō) was a town located in Shisō District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,876 and a density of 37.07 persons per km2. The total area was 104.57 km2.

On April 1, 2005, Chikusa, along with the towns of Haga, Ichinomiya and Yamasaki (all from Shisō District), was merged to create the city of Shisō and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

The town offered a reward for any sightings of a legendary being called a Tsuchinoko (ja:ツチノコ) and still has a mascot called Tsuchi-kun based on the legend.

Shisō, Hyōgo
Shisō (宍粟市, Shisō-shi) is a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 May 2022, the city had an estimated population of 35,639 in 14694 households and a population density of 110 persons per km². The total area of the city is 658.54 square kilometres (254.26 sq mi).
Serizawa Kamo
Serizawa Kamo (芹沢 鴨; September 2, 1826 – October 30, 1863) was a samurai known for being the original lead commander of the Shinsengumi. He trained in and received a licence in the Shindō Munen-ryū. "Kamo" means goose or duck in Japanese which was an odd name to call oneself at the time. His full name was Serizawa Kamo Taira no Mitsumoto.

Rōshigumi
The Rōshigumi (浪士組), was a group of 234 masterless samurai, founded by Kiyokawa Hachirō in 1862. Loyal to the shogun, they were supposed to act as the protectors of the Tokugawa shōgun, but were disbanded upon their arrival in Kyoto in 1863.
Stater
The stater (/ˈsteɪtər, stɑːˈtɛər/; Ancient Greek: στατήρ, pronounced [statɛ̌ːr], romanized: statḗr, lit. 'weight') was an ancient coin used in various regions of Greece. The term is also used for similar coins, imitating Greek staters, minted elsewhere in ancient Europe.

Koson (coin)
The Kosons are the only known gold coins minted by the Dacians. They are named after the Greek inscription "ΚΟΣΩΝ", which appears on the reverse. The name Koson is believed to refer to an otherwise unattested Dacian king, although some scholars have proposed an identification with Cotison, a Dacian ruler mentioned by Horace and Suetonius. The staters are notable for their Roman-inspired iconography and are thought to have been struck in the 1st century BC.
The Seminary (Lithonia, Georgia)
The Seminary is a historic building at 6886 Main Street in Lithonia, Georgia. Originally constructed as a school in 1895, over the years it has also served as a hotel and a private home. It is currently used as a multi-tenant office building. It was entered into the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on November 15, 1978.

Lithonia, Georgia
Lithonia (/lɪˈθoʊniə/ lih-THOH-nee-ə, AAVE: /laɪ-/ ly-) is a city in eastern DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. The city's population was 2,662 at the 2020 census. Lithonia is in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

"Lithonia" means "city/town of stone". Lithonia is in the heart of the Georgian granite-quarrying and viewing region, hence the name of the town, from the Greek lithos, for “stone”. The huge nearby Stone Mountain is composed of granite, while the Lithonia gneiss is a form of metamorphic rock. The Stone Mountain granite is younger than, and has intruded the Lithonia gneiss.  The area has a history of rock quarries. The mines were served by the Georgia Railroad and Atlanta, Stone Mountain & Lithonia Railway. Some of the rock quarries have been converted to parkland, and the rail lines to rail-trail.

Lithonia is one of the gateways to the Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area, which is largely contained inside Stonecrest, Georgia.
Aylmer Hackett
Thomas Aylmer Pearson Hackett was Dean of Limerick from  1913 to 1928.

He was born on 5 December 1854  and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. After curacies at Coleraine and Newcastle he was Rector of Kilmallock from  1881 to 1910. He was Archdeacon of Limerick from then until his elevation to the Deanery.

He died on 4 December 1928.

Dean of Limerick and Ardfert
The Dean of Limerick and Ardfert is a Church of Ireland official based in the Cathedral Church of St Mary's in the united diocese of Limerick, Killaloe and Ardfert.

There had been two separate deans, Dean of Limerick and Dean of Ardfert, until the position was united in 1987. The Dean of Ardfert had been based at Ardfert Cathedral (a.k.a. St Brendan's Cathedral), until it was destroyed by fire in 1641.

The current incumbent, since 2017, is The Very Reverend Niall Sloane.
Pietrabruna
Pietrabruna (Ligurian: Priabruna or Prebuna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Imperia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 568 and an area of 9.9 square kilometres (3.8 sq mi).

Pietrabruna borders the following municipalities: Castellaro, Cipressa, Civezza, Dolcedo, Pompeiana, and Taggia.

Taggia
Taggia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 110 kilometres (68 miles) southwest of Genoa and about 15 km (9 mi) west of Imperia. It has around 13,000 inhabitants.

Taggia borders the following municipalities: Badalucco, Castellaro, Ceriana, Dolcedo, Pietrabruna, Riva Ligure, and Sanremo. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Minister for Foreign Affairs (Finland)
The minister for foreign affairs (Finnish: ulkoministeri, Swedish: utrikesminister) handles the Finnish Government's foreign policy and relations, and is in charge of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. The minister for foreign trade and development is also associated with this ministry. The current minister for foreign affairs is Elina Valtonen of National Coalition Party.

Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade (Finland)
The Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade (Finnish: kehitysyhteistyö- ja ulkomaankauppaministeri, Swedish: utvecklings- och utrikeshandelsminister, formerly Minister for Foreign Trade and Development) is one of the 19 ministerial portfolios represented in the Finnish Government. The Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade is one of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs' three ministerial positions; the other two are the Minister for Foreign Affairs and the Minister for Nordic Cooperation. The incumbent Minister for Development Cooperation and Foreign Trade for the Orpo Cabinet is Ville Tavio of the Finns Party.
Abdyl Frashëri
Abdyl Dume bey Frashëri (Turkish: Fraşerli Abdül Bey, or Abdullah Hüsni; 1 June 1839 – 23 October 1892) was an Ottoman Albanian civil servant, politician during the First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire, and one of the first Albanian political ideologues of the Albanian National Awakening. During his lifetime Frashëri endeavoured to instill among Albanians patriotism and a strong identity while promoting a reform program based on Albanian language education and literature.

He was one of the initiators and a prominent leader of the League of Prizren. He distinguished himself as a political personality from the 1860s through early political assignments. He founded the Central Committee for Defending Albanian Rights in Istanbul. He furthermore served as a chosen representative for the Yanya Vilayet in the Ottoman Parliament during the First Constitutional Era, 1876–1877. During the communist regime he was proclaimed with the honor Hero of Albania.

Hero of the People
The Hero of the People (Albanian: Hero i Popullit; Heroinë e Popullit) was the highest title bestowed upon the citizens of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania, one of several Hero titles awarded by Eastern Bloc countries.

The associated Hero of Socialist Labour title was awarded for exceptional achievements in national economy and culture.
Raigarh district
Raigarh district is a district of the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh. Raigarh is the district headquarters.

The district was formed by merging the princely states of Raigarh, Sakti, Sarangarh, Udaipur and Jashpur. Jashpur is now a separate district. Sakti is now not a part of Raigarh district. Sarangarh was also separated in 2021.

It is rapidly growing as an industrial district of Chhattisgarh. One of the oldest jute mills of India is situated here, Mohan jute mill; it was the only Jute Mill of the state Chhattisgarh and undivided Madhya Pradesh. Raigarh is one of the major producers of steel and power in the country. Here are situated many steel and power plants such as JSPL, MSP, Monnet steel, and many other small and medium producers. The volume can be judged by the statement that Raigarh itself is consuming about 20,000 tons of coal per day.

Udaipur State, Chhattisgarh
Udaipur State was one of the princely states of India during the British Raj. The town of Dharamjaigarh was the former state's capital.

After the Independence of India, Udaipur State was merged with the princely states of Raigarh, Sakti, Sarangarh and Jashpur to form the Raigarh district of Madhya Pradesh. Now the district of Raigarh is part of Chhattisgarh state.
Eido Tai Shimano
Eido Tai Shimano (嶋野 栄道, Shimano Eidō; 1 October 1932 – 18 February 2018) was a Rinzai Zen Buddhist priest. He was the founding abbot of the New York Zendo Shobo-Ji in Manhattan and Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-Ji monastery in the Catskill mountains of New York; he was forced to resign from that position of 40 years after revelations of a series of sexual relationships with and alleged sexual harassment of female students.

Robert Baker Aitken
Robert Baker Dairyu Chotan Aitken Rōshi (June 19, 1917 – August 5, 2010) was a Zen teacher in the Harada-Yasutani lineage. He co-founded the Honolulu Diamond Sangha in 1959 with his wife, Anne Hopkins Aitken. Aitken received Dharma transmission from Koun Yamada in 1985 but decided to live as a layperson. He was a socialist and anarchist who advocated for social justice for homosexuals, women and Native Hawaiians throughout his life, and was one of the original founders of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship.