hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Moritz Arndt
Ernst Moritz Arndt (26 December 1769 – 29 January 1860) was a German nationalist historian, writer and poet. Early in his life, he fought for the abolition of serfdom, later against Napoleonic dominance over Germany. Arndt had to flee to Sweden for some time due to his anti-French positions. He is one of the main founders of German nationalism during the Napoleonic wars and the 19th century movement for German unification. After the Carlsbad Decrees, the forces of the restoration counted him as a demagogue.

Arndt played an important role for the early national and liberal Burschenschaft movement and for the unification movement, and his song "Was ist des Deutschen Vaterland?" acted as an unofficial German national anthem.

University of Greifswald
The University of Greifswald (German: [ˈɡʁaɪfsvalt]; German: Universität Greifswald), formerly known as Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, is a public research university located in Greifswald, Germany, in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Founded in 1456, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, with generations of notable alumni and staff having studied or worked in Greifswald. As the fourth oldest university in present Germany, it was temporarily also the oldest university of the Kingdoms of Sweden (1648–1815) and Prussia (1815–1945), respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the 10,179 students are from outside the state, including international students from 90 countries all over the world.
Fatick department
Fatick department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, one of the three departments making up the Fatick region, and lies on the road between Mbour and Kaolack. The Fatick region is home to many Sereer people (or Serer); the Sereers are one of the major ethnic groups in Senegal and there are four Sereer dialects. At least 99% of the regional area consists Seereer, notably of  Seereer Niominka people, and less than 1% of migrant Fulbe (1998 figures).

Fatick town is the major urban center for the region. The department has an area of 2646 km² and is divided into arrondissements, communes, and rural communities.

Departments of Senegal
The 14 regions of Senegal are subdivided into 46 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 régions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers.

Since three new regions increased the number of departments to 45 in 2008, the most recent addition, of Keur Massar, in May 2008 brings the number to 46.

The departments are listed below, by region:
Butterfly graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the butterfly graph (also called the bowtie graph and the hourglass graph) is a planar, undirected graph with 5 vertices and 6 edges. It can be constructed by joining 2 copies of the cycle graph C3 with a common vertex and is therefore isomorphic to the friendship graph F2.

The butterfly graph has diameter 2 and girth 3, radius 1, chromatic number 3, chromatic index 4 and is both Eulerian and a penny graph (this implies that it is unit distance and planar). It is also a 1-vertex-connected graph and a 2-edge-connected graph.

There are only three non-graceful simple graphs with five vertices. One of them is the butterfly graph. The two others are cycle graph C5 and the complete graph K5.

Friendship graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the friendship graph (or Dutch windmill graph or n-fan) Fn is a planar, undirected graph with 2n + 1 vertices and 3n edges.

The friendship graph Fn can be constructed by joining n copies of the cycle graph C3 with a common vertex, which becomes a universal vertex for the graph.

By construction, the friendship graph Fn is isomorphic to the windmill graph Wd(3, n). It is unit distance with girth 3, diameter 2 and radius 1. The graph F2 is isomorphic to the butterfly graph. Friendship graphs are generalized by the triangular cactus graphs.
Viennese German
Viennese German (Viennese: Weanarisch, Weanerisch; Standard German: Wienerisch) is the city dialect spoken in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is counted among the Bavarian dialects. It is distinct from written Standard German in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. Even in Lower Austria, the state surrounding the city, many of its expressions are not used, while farther to the west they are often not even understood.

Meidling
Meidling (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪtlɪŋ] ⓘ) is the 12th district of Vienna (German: 12. Bezirk, Meidling). It is located just southwest of the central districts, south of the River Wien, west of the Gürtel belt, and east and southeast of Schönbrunn Palace. Meidling is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also large recreational areas and parks.

In sports, it is represented by the FC Dynamo Meidling. Former Chancellor of Austria Sebastian Kurz was born and raised in Meidling and his private residence is there.
Yas Marina Circuit
The Yas Marina Circuit (Arabic: حلبة مرسى ياس) is a 5.281 km (3.281 mi) motorsport circuit situated on Yas Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The circuit was designed by Hermann Tilke. It has hosted the season-ending Formula One Abu Dhabi Grand Prix since 2009. Yas Marina was the second of four Formula One tracks in the Middle East, with the first being in Bahrain and subsequent tracks in Qatar and Saudi Arabia.

A two-day GP2 Asia Series test was held to officially open the circuit, which was held a week before the 2009 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. It also hosted V8 Supercars between 2010 and 2012, with the event being the opening round in 2010 and 2011. Outside motorsport, the circuit was used for the final stage of the inaugural Abu Dhabi Tour cycle race in 2015–2017. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 license.

Radical Sportscars
Radical Motorsport Limited, also known as Radical Sportscars, is a British manufacturer and constructor of racing cars. The company was founded in January 1997 by amateur drivers and engineers Mick Hyde and Phil Abbott, who built open-cockpit sportscars that could be registered for road use and run on a track without modification. Radical produces a mix of purpose-built race cars as well as road-legal sports cars in varying specifications. Their most popular car is the Radical SR3.
Wednesday
Wednesday is the day of the week in between Tuesday and Thursday. According to international standard ISO 8601, it is the third day of the week. In countries that adopt the traditional "Sunday first" convention, it is the fourth day of the week.

In English, the name is derived from Old English Wōdnesdæg and Middle English Wednesdei, 'day of Woden', reflecting the religion practised by the Anglo-Saxons, the English equivalent to the Norse god Odin. In many Romance languages, such as the French mercredi, Spanish miércoles or Italian mercoledì, the day's name is a calque of Latin dies Mercurii 'day of Mercury'.

Wednesday is in the middle of the common Western five-day workweek that starts on Monday and finishes on Friday.

Tuesday
Tuesday  is the day of the week between Monday and Wednesday. According to international standard ISO 8601, Monday is the first day of the week; thus, Tuesday is the second day of the week. According to many traditional calendars, however, Sunday is the first day of the week, so Tuesday is the third day of the week. In some Muslim countries, Saturday is the first day of the week and thus Tuesday is the fourth day of the week.

The English name is derived from Middle English Tewesday, from Old English Tiwesdæg meaning "Tīw's Day", the day of Tiw or Týr, the god of single combat, law, and justice in Norse mythology. Tiw was equated with Mars in the interpretatio germanica, and the name of the day is a translation of Latin dies Martis.
Keram Malicki-Sánchez
Keram Malicki-Sánchez is an actor, musician, writer, filmmaker, interactive media and virtual reality developer, multimedia artist, and event producer. He is the founder of the VRTO Spatial Media World Conference & Expo, and the Festival of International Virtual & Augmented Reality Stories (FIVARS).

Jacquelyn Ford Morie
Jacquelyn Ford Morie is an artist, scientist and educator working in the areas of immersive worlds, virtual reality, games and social networks.  Until 2013 she was a senior research scientist at the Institute for Creative Technologies. In 2011 she started a spin-off company called All These Worlds, to take her work in virtual worlds and avatars to a broader audience.
T7 DNA polymerase
T7 DNA polymerase is an enzyme used during the DNA replication of the T7 bacteriophage. During this process, the DNA polymerase “reads” existing DNA strands and creates two new strands that match the existing ones. The T7 DNA polymerase requires a host factor, E. coli thioredoxin, in order to carry out its function. This helps stabilize the binding of the necessary protein to the primer-template to improve processivity by more than 100-fold, which is a feature unique to this enzyme. It is a member of the Family A DNA polymerases, which include E. coli DNA polymerase I and Taq DNA polymerase.

This polymerase has various applications in site-directed mutagenesis as well as a high-fidelity enzyme suitable for PCR. It has also served as the precursor to Sequenase, an engineered-enzyme optimized for DNA sequencing.

Taq polymerase
Taq polymerase  is a thermostable DNA polymerase I named after the thermophilic eubacterial microorganism Thermus aquaticus, from which it was originally isolated by master's student Alice Chien et al. in 1976.  Its name is often abbreviated to Taq or Taq pol. It is frequently used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a method for greatly amplifying the quantity of short segments of DNA.

T. aquaticus is a bacterium that lives in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, and Taq polymerase was identified  as an enzyme able to withstand the protein-denaturing conditions (high temperature) required during PCR. Therefore, it replaced the DNA polymerase from E. coli originally used in PCR.
Vocational panel
A vocational panel (Irish: rolla gairm bheatha) is any of five lists of candidates from which are elected a total of 43 of the 60 senators in Seanad Éireann, the upper house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of Ireland. Each panel corresponds to a grouping of "interests and services" (professions or vocations) of which candidates are required to have "knowledge and practical experience". The panels are nominated partly by Oireachtas members and partly by vocational organisations. From each panel, between five and eleven senators are elected indirectly, by Oireachtas members and local councillors, using the single transferable vote. The broad requirements are specified by Article 18 of the Constitution of Ireland and the implementation details by acts of the Oireachtas, principally the Seanad Electoral (Panel Members) Act 1947, and associated statutory instruments.

13th Seanad
The 13th Seanad was in office from 1973 to 1977. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1973 general election to the 20th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 14th Seanad in 1977.
Williamson County, Illinois
Williamson County is a county in Illinois. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 67,153. Its largest city and county seat is Marion. Williamson County is part of the Metro Lakeland area of Southern Illinois.

Johnston City, Illinois
Johnston City is a city in Williamson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,348 at the 2020 census. This was a center of coal mining in the early 20th century, having a peak of population in the 1920s. The mining jobs attracted many immigrants from Europe.
Vadodara high-speed railway station
Vadodara high-speed railway station is an under construction high-speed railway station on the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor. This station is located near Vadodara Junction railway station in Pratapgunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. It is the ninth station of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor, after Bharuch station and before Anand-Nadiad station.

Vapi high-speed railway station
Vapi high-speed railway station is an under-construction high-speed railway station on the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor. This station is located near Chanod Colony, Dungra, Vapi, Gujarat, India. It is the fifth station of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor, after Boisar station and before Bilimora station. The station will have the second depot of the high-speed rail corridor, just north of it near Karvad.
Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel
The Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel (pronounced [aʁk də tʁijɔ̃f dy kaʁuzɛl]) (English: Triumphal Arch of the Carousel) is a triumphal arch in Paris, located in the Place du Carrousel. It is an example of Neoclassical architecture in the Corinthian order. It was built between 1806 and 1808 to commemorate Napoleon's military victories in the Wars of the Third and Fourth Coalitions. The Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, at the far end of the Champs-Élysées, is about twice the size; designed in the same year but not completed until 1836.

Axe historique
48°52′14″N 2°18′18″E﻿ / ﻿48.87061147°N 2.30503552°E﻿ / 48.87061147; 2.30503552

The Axe historique (French: [aks istɔʁik]; "historical axis") refers to a straightly aligned series of thoroughfare streets, squares, monuments and buildings that extend from the centre of Paris, France, to the west-northwest of the city. It is also known as the Voie Triomphale (French: [vwa tʁijɔ̃fal]; "triumphal way").
Steve Rotheram
Steven Philip Rotheram (born 4 November 1961) is a British politician serving as Mayor of the Liverpool City Region since 2017. A member of the Labour Party, he was Member of Parliament (MP) for Liverpool Walton from 2010 to 2017.

Born and raised in Kirkby, Rotheram left school to become a bricklayer and set up his own construction company at the age of 22. He earned a Master's degree in Contemporary Urban Renaissance from Liverpool Hope University and worked as a business manager for the Learning and Skills Council. He was elected to represent Fazakerley for Labour on Liverpool City Council from 2002 to 2011, and served as Lord Mayor of Liverpool from 2008 to 2009.

After serving as an MP and Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition, Rotheram won a majority vote at the 2017 Liverpool City Region mayoral election and re-election in 2021. He was re-elected in 2024.

Mayor of the Liverpool City Region
The mayor of the Liverpool City Region (also styled as metro mayor) is the directly elected mayor of the Liverpool City Region, who is responsible for regional governance over a number of areas, the Mayor has powers devolved to them from the Central Government, as well as this the mayor chairs the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority.

The office was created under the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016 which allowed for the creation of 'mayors' to lead combined authorities in England.

The first, and current, officeholder is Steve Rotheram, who was elected to the post in May 2017 and was elected for second and third terms in 2021 and 2024 respectively.
Paramount Television
The first incarnation of Paramount Television was operated as the television production division of the CBS Paramount Network Television Entertainment Group, which was active from December 15, 1966 until April 24, 2006, when it was renamed as CBS Paramount Television.

Rysher Entertainment
Rysher Entertainment was an American film and television production company  and distributor founded in 1991. In 1993, Rysher Entertainment was acquired by Cox Enterprises and subsequently closed in 1999. That same year, Viacom entered into an agreement with Cox Enterprises for distribution rights to the Rysher library, which currently lie with Viacom's successor, Paramount Skydance – specifically its subsidiaries Paramount Pictures and CBS Media Ventures. Ownership of the company's assets changed hands multiple times over the 2000s before finally being acquired by Vine Alternative Investments in 2011.
William Cadogan (politician)
Major William Cadogan (1601–1661), of Liscarton, County Meath, was born at Dunster, Somerset, to Henry Cadogan of Llanbetter, Pembrokeshire. His great-grandfather, Thomas Cadogan, of Dunster, claimed descent from the ancient princes of Wales (called Cadwgan). He was the father of the Dublin barrister Henry Cadogan and the grandfather of William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan.

He served as MP for Monaghan Borough from 1639 to 1649 and was a cavalry major in Oliver Cromwell's army. In 1649, he ordered the destruction of Trim's old Augustinian abbey's belfry, known as the Yellow Steeple, as it had been used as a watch-tower by the Catholic rebels. As a reward for defending Trim Castle, County Meath, during the English Civil War and for putting down revolts around Dublin, he was given the governorship of Trim Castle. In 1658 he was appointed High Sheriff of Meath.

He died in Dublin on 14 March 1661. He had married Elizabeth Roberts and had a son Henry.

William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan
General William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan, KT, PC (c. 1672 – 17 July 1726) was a British army officer, diplomat and Whig politician. He began his military career during the Williamite War in Ireland in 1689 and ended it with the suppression of the Jacobite rising of 1715. A close associate and confidant of the Duke of Marlborough, he also sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1705 until 1716, when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Cadogan. A strong supporter of the Hanoverian Succession, he succeeded Marlborough in 1722 as Master-General of the Ordnance and senior army commander.
Allium chinense
Allium chinense (also known as Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, glittering chive, Japanese scallion, Kiangsi scallion, and Oriental onion) is an edible species of Allium, native to China, and cultivated in many other countries. Its close relatives include the onion, scallion, leek, chive, and garlic.

Leek
A leek is a biennial vegetable, a cultivar of Allium ampeloprasum, the broadleaf wild leek (syn. Allium porrum). The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes colloquially called a "stem" or "stalk".

The genus Allium also contains the onion, garlic, shallot, scallion, chives, and Chinese onion. Three closely related vegetables—elephant garlic, kurrat and Persian leek or tareh—are also cultivars of A. ampeloprasum, although different in their culinary uses.
Fresh Dressed
Fresh Dressed is a 2015 documentary film directed by Sacha Jenkins which chronicles the history of hip hop fashion. The film is Jenkins' directorial debut. North American rights to the film were purchased by Samuel Goldwyn Films and StyleHaul following its premiere at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival. The film features Kanye West, Pharrell Williams, Swizz Beats, and other prominent hip hop figures as talking heads. CNN plans to air the film later in 2015.

Hip-hop fashion
Hip-hop fashion (also known as rap fashion) refers to the various styles of dress that originated from Urban Black America and inner city youth in American cities like New York City, Los Angeles, and Atlanta. Being a major part of hip-hop culture, it further developed in other cities across the United States, with each contributing different elements to the overall style that is now recognized worldwide.
Battle Through Time
Battle Through Time is a computer game for the Commodore 64 computer, programmed by Ken Grant. This video game is a side-scrolling ground-based shoot 'em up game drawing obvious influence from the arcade game Moon Patrol.

Moon Patrol
Moon Patrol is a 1982 horizontally scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Irem for arcades. It was released by Williams Electronics in North America. The player controls a lunar rover which continually drives forward across a scrolling landscape while jumping over or shooting obstacles such as holes and rocks. Shooting sends one bullet forward along the buggy's path and, simultaneously, another straight up for defense against aerial attack saucers. The goal is to reach the next checkpoint and eventually the end of the course.

Designed by Takashi Nishiyama, Moon Patrol is often credited with the introduction of full parallax scrolling in side-scrolling games. Cabinet art for the Williams version was done by Larry Day. Most of the home ports were from Atari, Inc., sometimes under the Atarisoft label.
St Michael's Church, Aughton
St Michael's Church is in Church Lane, Aughton, Lancashire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Ormskirk, the archdeaconry of Wigan & West Lancashire, and the diocese of Liverpool.  Its benefice is united with that of Holy Trinity, Bickerstaffe.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Aughton, Lancashire
Aughton is a village and civil parish in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. It is located between Ormskirk and Maghull, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north of Liverpool and 20 miles (32 km) south-west of Preston.

The parish is rural to the south and west. The north-east contains Town Green and the southern part of Aughton Park, which are suburbs of Ormskirk. The village of Aughton is located in the south-west.

Internationally, the village is known for its three fine dining restaurants with five Michelin stars between them as of 2025.
Gary/Chicago International Airport
Gary/Chicago International Airport (IATA: GYY, ICAO: KGYY, FAA LID: GYY) is a joint civil-military public airport in Gary, in Lake County, Indiana, United States. It is three miles northwest of the city center of Gary, and 25 miles (40 km) southeast of the Chicago Loop. It is operated by the Gary/Chicago International Airport Authority, which was created by an interstate compact between Gary, Chicago, and Indiana. Nearby highway connections include I-90, I-80, I-94, I-65 and the Chicago Skyway.

Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 4,353 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 1,633 in 2009 and 2,143 in 2010. It is in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which called it a non-primary commercial service airport based on enplanements in 2008 (between 2,500 and 10,000 per year) but would be categorized as general aviation based on enplanements in 2010.

Lake County, Indiana
Lake County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. In 2020, its population was 498,700, making it Indiana's second-most populous county. The county seat is Crown Point. The county is part of Northwest Indiana and the Chicago metropolitan area, and contains a mix of urban, suburban and rural areas. It is bordered on the north by Lake Michigan and contains a portion of the Indiana Dunes. It includes Marktown, Clayton Mark's planned worker community in East Chicago.
Gesté
Gesté (French pronunciation: [ʒɛste] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

On 15 December 2015, Andrezé, Beaupréau, La Chapelle-du-Genêt, Gesté, Jallais, La Jubaudière, Le Pin-en-Mauges, La Poitevinière, Saint-Philbert-en-Mauges and Villedieu-la-Blouère merged, becoming one commune called Beaupréau-en-Mauges.

Le Pin-en-Mauges
Le Pin-en-Mauges (French pronunciation: [lə pɛ̃ ɑ̃ moʒ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

On 15 December 2015, Andrezé, Beaupréau, La Chapelle-du-Genêt, Gesté, Jallais, La Jubaudière, Le Pin-en-Mauges, La Poitevinière, Saint-Philbert-en-Mauges and Villedieu-la-Blouère merged becoming one commune called Beaupréau-en-Mauges.