hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan
The Archdiocese of Grouard–McLennan (Latin: Archidioecesis Gruardensis–McLennanpolitana) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Canada and the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province for the Roman Catholic Church in northwestern Canada.

The archbishop is Charles Duval. As archbishop, Duval also serves as pastor of the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, the mother church and episcopal see of the archdiocese.

Diocese of Whitehorse
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse (Latin: Dioecesis Equialbensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church that includes Yukon and the northern portion of British Columbia north of latitude 57 degrees.

As of 2003, the diocese contains 23 parishes, 4 active diocesan priests, 9 religious priests, and 9,000 Catholics.  It also has 8 women religious, 10 religious brothers, and 1 permanent deacon. The Diocese of Whitehorse is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Grouard-McLennan.
Dogster
Dogster is a bimonthly magazine and website for dog lovers. Its sister publication is Catster, a bimonthly magazine and website for cat lovers. Dogster magazine (formerly Dog Fancy) has been continuously published since 1970, celebrating 50 years in 2020.

Dogster began as a community site and in 2005 won a Webby Award in the category for best community site.

It was acquired by SAY Media in 2011. In July 2014, Dogster and Catster were sold to Lumina Media. In 2015, Lumina Media combined its two large cat and dog brands — Dog Fancy magazine and Dogster.com and Cat Fancy magazine and Catster.com — under the brand names of Catster and Dogster. The Dogster and Catster brands were sold to Belvoir Media Group in April 2017.

In late 2023, Dogster was acquired by Pangolia.

Dog Fancy
Dog Fancy was a monthly magazine dedicated to dogs, owners of dogs, and breeders of dogs. It was founded in 1970 and was described by its publishing company, BowTie Inc., as "the world’s most widely read dog magazine". BowTie Inc. also published its sister magazine Dog World, and Cat Fancy for cats and their owners.

The editorial office was in Irvine, California, and the statement of ownership in the December 2009 issue says the paid circulation was 202,000 copies. In 2014, the circulation was reported as 149,088.

In August 2008, it began publishing a quarterly double issue entitled Natural Dog on the flip side of Dog Fancy. In late 2014, new owners Lumina Media announced that the monthly magazines Cat Fancy and Dog Fancy would be combined with the Dogster and Catster website brands, alternating bimonthly issues of Catster and Dogster beginning in February 2015. Dogster magazine and website were sold to Belvoir Media Group in April 2017.
Maximum Security (Tony MacAlpine album)
Maximum Security is the second studio album by guitarist Tony MacAlpine, released in 1987 through PolyGram.

It is his only release to enter the U.S. Billboard 200, reaching No. 146 and remaining on that chart for eleven weeks.

Tony MacAlpine
Tony MacAlpine (born August 29, 1960) is an American musician and composer. In a career spanning four decades, he has released twelve studio albums. MacAlpine is best known as an instrumental rock and heavy metal solo guitarist, although he has worked with many different bands and musicians in guest appearances and collaborations.
Georgia O'Keeffe Home and Studio
The Georgia O'Keeffe Home and Studio is a historic house museum in Abiquiú, New Mexico.  From 1943 until her death, it was the principal residence and studio of artist Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986). It is now part of the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum, which has sites in Santa Fe and Abiquiú. Public tours are available March–November, with advance tickets required. The Home and Studio became a National Historic Landmark in 1998, as one of the most important artistic sites in the southwestern United States.

Abiquiú, New Mexico
Abiquiú (/ˈæbɪkjuː/ ⓘ, Spanish pronunciation: [aβiˈkju], Tewa: Péshú:bú'; Northern Tiwa: Gultɨdda) is a census-designated place in Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States, about 53 miles (85 km) north of Santa Fe. As of 2010, the population was 231. Abiquiú's one school, an elementary school, is part of the Española Public Schools.

Abiquiú means "wild chokecherry place" in the Tewa language. It is also called Santo Tomás de Abiquiú and the Pueblo of Santo Tomás de Abiquiú. In the mid-eighteenth century, the Spanish crown provided land grants to genízaros here and in other places to establish buffer towns to defend the frontier from raiding tribes such as the Comanche.

Abiquiú was one of the homes of American artist Georgia O'Keeffe from 1929 until 1984. The Georgia O'Keeffe Home and Studio is in Abiquiú. The artist also owned property at the nearby Ghost Ranch. Many of her paintings depict scenes near Abiquiú.
Stamford House, Singapore
Stamford House is a historic building located at the corner of the junction of Stamford Road and Hill Street, in the Downtown Core of Singapore. Originally known as Oranje Building (sometimes spelled Oranjie), it formerly housed a shopping mall. The building had since redeveloped along with adjoined Capitol Building and both were reopened as a hotel The Capitol Kempinski Hotel Singapore in October 2018.

Capitol Theatre, Singapore
Capitol Theatre is a historic cinema and theatre located in Singapore. It was adjoined to four-storey building known as the Capitol Building. The Capitol Theatre was considered one of Singapore's finest theatres in the 1930s during that time.
Luke Wilson
Luke Cunningham Wilson (born September 21, 1971)  is an American actor. He is best known for his work with filmmaker Wes Anderson, appearing in Anderson's Bottle Rocket (1996), Rushmore (1998) and The Royal Tenenbaums (2001). 
Wilson is also known as part of the Frat Pack, with whom he has starred in comedic films Bongwater (1997), The Third Wheel (2002), Old School (2003), Tenure (2009) and The Wendell Baker Story (2005), which he also co-directed.

His other prominent film roles have included Blue Streak (1999), My Dog Skip (2000), Legally Blonde (2001), My Super Ex-Girlfriend (2006), Idiocracy (2006), You Kill Me (2007), The Skeleton Twins (2014), Meadowland (2015) and Brad's Status (2017).

On television, Wilson played Casey Kelso on That '70s Show (2002–2005), Levi Callow on Enlightened (2011–2013) and Pat Dugan / S.T.R.I.P.E. on Stargirl (2020–2022). He is the younger brother of actors Andrew and Owen Wilson.

My Super Ex-Girlfriend
My Super Ex-Girlfriend is a 2006 American superhero romantic comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman and starring Uma Thurman and Luke Wilson with Anna Faris, Eddie Izzard, Rainn Wilson and Wanda Sykes in supporting roles. In the film, when a regular guy (Wilson) dumps a superhero (Thurman) for her neediness, she uses her powers to make his life a living hell. The film underperformed at the box office and received mixed reviews from critics, with praise for the novel concept and cast performances, but criticism for its screenplay.
Lake Kulunda
Lake Kulunda or Kulundinskoye (Russian: Кулундинское озеро) is a lake in the southern part of the West Siberian Plain, Altai Krai, south-central Russia.

The Kulunda and Suetka rivers flow into the lake, which is connected by a channel with Lake Kuchuk to the south. Lake Maloye Yarovoye lies 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) to the west and lakes Bauzhansor and Zhigilda 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) to the southwest. The nearest town is Blagoveshchenka.

Bauzhansor
Bauzhansor (Russian: Баужансор) or Baudzhansor (Russian: Бауджансор) is a salt lake in Blagoveshchensky District, Altai Krai, Russian Federation.

The lake is located in the western part of the Krai. The nearest inhabited places are  Yagotinskaya, Telmansky and Yelizavetgrad. Blagoveshchenka, the district capital, lies 25 kilometers (16 mi) to the ENE. The border with Tabunsky District runs along the western lakeshore.
Mason's gain formula
Mason's gain formula (MGF) is a method for finding the transfer function of a linear signal-flow graph (SFG).  The formula was derived by Samuel Jefferson Mason, for whom it is named. MGF is an alternate method to finding the transfer function algebraically by labeling each signal, writing down the equation for how that signal depends on other signals, and then solving the multiple equations for the output signal in terms of the input signal.  MGF provides a step by step method to obtain the transfer function from a SFG.  Often, MGF can be determined by inspection of the SFG.  The method can easily handle SFGs with many variables and loops including loops with inner loops.  MGF comes up often in  the context of control systems, microwave circuits and digital filters because these are often represented by SFGs.

Signal-flow graph
A signal-flow graph or signal-flowgraph (SFG), invented by Claude Shannon, but often called a Mason graph after Samuel Jefferson Mason who coined the term, is a specialized flow graph, a directed graph in which nodes represent system variables, and branches (edges, arcs, or arrows) represent functional connections between pairs of nodes. Thus, signal-flow graph theory builds on that of directed graphs (also called digraphs), which includes as well that of oriented graphs. This mathematical theory of digraphs exists, of course, quite apart from its applications.

SFGs are most commonly used to represent signal flow in a physical system and its controller(s), forming a cyber-physical system.  Among their other uses are the representation of signal flow in various electronic networks and amplifiers, digital filters, state-variable filters and some other types of analog filters.  In nearly all literature, a signal-flow graph is associated with a set of linear equations.
Joseph Galaskiewicz
Joseph Galaskiewicz (born 24 February 1949) is an American sociologist and Professor of Sociology at the University of Arizona, known for his work on interorganizational relations and social network analysis.

Edward Laumann
Edward Otto Laumann (born August 31, 1938) is an American sociologist. He is professor emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Chicago. Laumann earned his Ph.D. in the Harvard Department of Social Relations in 1964, where he worked with George Homans, Talcott Parsons, and Harrison White. He served as Dean of the social sciences and Provost at Chicago. He is best known for his work on social stratification, urban sociology, organizational sociology, health and aging, and is widely recognized as a pioneer in the areas of social network analysis and the sociology of sexuality. In 2013, he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Akani (Arcania)
Akani, also known as Arcania, Haccany, Acanny, Accanisten, Acanij or Arcany, refers to a 15th–17th century complex of inland polities in what is now southern Ghana, described in early Portuguese and Dutch sources. The polities were united by shared language, religious beliefs, and gold-based commerce.

"Arcania" is interpreted by historians as a European term for the Akan-speaking gold producers of the Ofin, Pra, and Birim basins. The existence of Akani in European and African sources has led to different interpretations. Some historians describe Akani as a loose trading confederation. Others argue it may once have been a unified inland kingdom that later fragmented into distinct polities under both external and internal pressures.

Kingdom of Denkyira
Denkyira (also known as Denkira, Denchira, or Dinkira) was an Akan kingdom that rose to prominence in precolonial Ghana, dominating large parts of the forest zone in the south-central Gold Coast. Centered around its capital at Abankeseso, Denkyira emerged as a leading gold-producing polity and a military power, particularly during the 17th century. At its height it reduced neighboring states such as Adanse, Sefwi, Kingdom of Aowin, Wassa, Kingdom of Assin, Kingdom of Twifo, and pre-Asante states to tributaries, and played a critical role in shaping regional trade and warfare.

In 1701, Denkyira was defeated by the Asante Empire and became a vassal. After a failed rebellion in 1824, the Denkyirahene and his people escaped south of the Ofin River, and maintain a non-sovereign monarchy based in Dunkwa to the present day.
East Monument Historic District
East Monument Historic District (also known as B-5162) or Little Bohemia, is a national historic district in Baltimore, Maryland. It is a large residential area with a commercial strip along East Monument Street.  It comprises approximately 88 whole and partial blocks. The residential area is composed primarily of rowhouses that were developed, beginning in the 1870s, as housing for Baltimore's growing Bohemian (Czech) immigrant community. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the neighborhood was the heart of the Bohemian community in Baltimore.  The Bohemian National Parish of the Roman Catholic Church, St. Wenceslaus, is located in the neighborhood. The historic district includes all of McElderry Park and Milton-Montford, most of Middle East and Madison-Eastend, and parts of Ellwood Park.

Middle East, Baltimore
Middle East is a neighborhood in the heart of East Baltimore, Maryland.

It is the site of a conflict between residents and the city's plans for creating a biotech park to serve nearby Johns Hopkins Hospital. The neighborhood has suffered from extensive urban decay and housing abandonment, increased crime, and the effects of the Baltimore riot of 1968. Its residents are mainly lower income African Americans.

The neighborhood was a filming location for the Baltimore-based HBO drama The Wire. Middle East is also noteworthy as being a location for the filming of scenes of the television series Homicide: Life on the Street and the 1991 film Homicide featuring Joe Mantegna. The swath of land between Johns Hopkins Hospital and Frank C. Bocek Park, which includes much of Middle East, is often referred to as the "Down the Hill" neighborhood by local residents.
Nicolaes Olycan
Nicolaes Olycan (16 May 1599 – 2 April 1639) was a Netherlands brewer of Haarlem.

Olycan was born in Haarlem as the son of the brewers Pieter Jacobsz Olycan and Maritge Claesdr. Voogt. His brothers and sisters also became brewers. Besides running a brewery, he was a member of the Haarlem schutterij and served as sergeant during the years 1627–1630, and appears in the schutterstuk by Hendrik Pot of 1630. He was then promoted to lieutenant during the years 1630–1633, and appears in The Officers of the St Adrian Militia Company in 1633. He served again in (1636-1639), but died before the painting was finished that commemorated his service.

He married Agatha Dicx of brewery Scheepje on 27 April 1631. In 1639 Nicolaes died and Agatha remarried, on 7 April 1645, to Mattheus Hoffland. After he died she carried on as boss of the brewery until her death in 1667.

Pieter Jacobsz Olycan
Pieter Jacobsz Olycan (1572 – 1658), was a Dutch brewer, magistrate, and later mayor of Haarlem, best known today for his portraits by Frans Hals, as well as for the portraits of his wife Maritge Claesdr. Voogt.
Chris Brown (veterinarian)
Chris Brown (born 11 September 1978) is an Australian veterinarian, television presenter and author. He is best known for the television series Bondi Vet, which began screening in 2009. He hosted The Open Road with Doctor Chris on CBS.

In Australia, he appeared on the lifestyle program The Living Room, and alongside Julia Morris was the presenter of the local version of  I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.

Julia Morris
Julia Carolyn Margaret Morris (born 20 April 1968) is an Australian comedian, television presenter, and actress. She has worked extensively in Australian television and radio, touring the country with her solo comedy shows. She relocated to the United Kingdom in 2000, appearing on British television, then returned to Australia in 2007. She currently co-hosts Network 10's I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Australia alongside Robert Irwin and also narrates Dogs Behaving (Very) Badly Australia.
Anton Francesco Lucini
Anton Francesco Lucini (1610 – after 1661) was an Italian engraver and printmaker, best known for his etchings of the work Dell'Arcano del Mare by Sir Robert Dudley.

Lucini was born at Florence and he studied etching under Stefano della Bella and Jacques Callot, who had lived in Florence 1612–1621, and whose prints imparted a strong influence to Florentine printmakers.

Lucini worked at a series of engravings entitled Disegni della guerra, assedio dell'armata turchesca all'Isola di Malta l'anno MDXLV published in Bologna (1631). Then he worked at the monumental work Dell'arcano del mare by Sir Robert Dudley published in Florence 1646–1647. The distinctive Baroque style of Dudley's charts is attributable to the elegant engraving of Antonio Francesco Lucini, who stated that he spent 12 years and used 5,000 pounds of copper to produce the plates of exceptional quality.

Stefano della Bella
Stefano della Bella (18 May 1610 – 12 July 1664) was an Italian draughtsman and printmaker known for etchings of a great variety of subjects, including military and court scenes, landscapes, and lively genre scenes. He left 1052 prints, and several thousand drawings, but only one known painting. He was born and later died in Florence, Italy.
349th Night Fighter Squadron
The 349th Night Fighter Squadron (349th NFS) is an inactive United States Air Force unit which specialized in training airmen to utilize night fighters as nighttime interceptors.   Its last assignment was with the 481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group, based at Hammer Field, California. First activated in October 1942, the unit was disbanded on 31 March 1944.

The squadron was one of the first dedicated night fighter operational training squadrons of the Army Air Forces.  The squadron trained newly activated night fighter squadrons who were deployed overseas into combat until its inactivation in March 1944 due to a realignment of training units.

481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group
The 481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group was a unit of the United States Army Air Forces.  It was inactivated on 31 March 1944 at Hammer Field, California.

The group was the primary night fighter Operational Training Unit and Replacement Training Unit of the Army Air Forces during World War II.  Its mission was to train either new graduates of AAF Training Command advanced flying schools or transition experienced pilots into the Northrop P-61 Black Widow night fighter.  It trained them in the flight characteristics of the aircraft and also night fighter interceptor techniques prior to the operational squadrons or replacement pilots being deployed to one of the overseas combat theaters.
V. Sivalingam
V. Sivalingam was a Sri Lankan academic and physician. He was the founder of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Peradeniya and the first Professor of Parasitology of the University of Ceylon.

Educated at the Royal College Colombo, he studied medicine at the Colombo Medical College. He specialized in parasitology at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine of the University of London. Sivalingam spent much of his career at the Colombo Medical College as lecturer and senior professor before moving to Peradeniya after his retirement to set up the 'Second Medical School' in Sri Lanka.

His son, Professor S. Mahalingam, was the former Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at the University of Peradeniya.

S. Mahalingam (veterinarian)
Professor S. Mahalingam was a Sri Lankan academic and veterinarian. A professor of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, he was the Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science at the University of Peradeniya. He was the son of V. Sivalingam, who was the founder of the Faculty of Medicine at the same university.

Mahalingam was educated at the Royal College Colombo and went on to study veterinary sciences at the University of Ceylon. He gained his M.A. from the University of Toronto, and in 1968, he received a Ph.D. from the University of Edinburgh, with a thesis titled “Studies on viral infections of the respiratory tract in cattle”.
John K. Williams
John K. Williams (1822–1880) was an American lawyer and legislator. Born on August 22, 1822, in McKean County, Pennsylvania, he studied law in Meadville, Pennsylvania and practiced law. In 1846, he moved to Shullsburg, Wisconsin Territory. Williams practiced law and managed farm property in Lafayette County, Wisconsin Territory. In 1850, he served in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Democrat, succeeding fellow Democrat William H. Johnson. Williams was chief clerk in the Wisconsin State Senate in 1852 and 1853. He was also clerk of the Wisconsin Circuit Court for Lafayette and was regent for the University of Wisconsin. Williams died in Shullsburg, Wisconsin, on April 4, 1880.

William H. Johnson (Wisconsin politician)
William H. Johnson (c. 1806 - ?) was an American politician and farmer from Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin who spent a single one-year term as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Jefferson County during the 1849 session (the 2nd Wisconsin Legislature), succeeding fellow Democrat Ninian E. Whiteside.
Hello God
Hello God is a 1951 semi-documentary film with a pacifist message, starring Errol Flynn as a soldier.

For many years this was considered a lost film, but in 2013 a copy was discovered in the basement of the surrogate court of New York City. Two of seven cans of the movie were deteriorated beyond repair, but five survived and are now at the George Eastman House film archive for restoration.

Errol Flynn
Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn (20 June 1909 – 14 October 1959) was an Australian and American actor who achieved worldwide fame during the Golden Age of Hollywood. He was known for his romantic swashbuckler roles, frequent partnerships with Olivia de Havilland and reputation for his womanising and hedonistic personal life.

Flynn's roles include Robin Hood in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), which was later named by the American Film Institute as the 18th-greatest hero in American film history; the lead role in Captain Blood (1935); Major Geoffrey Vickers in The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936); and as the hero in a number of Westerns such as Dodge City (1939), Santa Fe Trail, Virginia City (both 1940) and San Antonio (1945).

Flynn was posthumously awarded two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion picture and television industries in 1960.
SS Kronprinz Wilhelm
Kronprinz Wilhelm was a German ocean liner built for Norddeutscher Lloyd, a shipping company now part of Hapag-Lloyd, by the AG Vulcan shipyard in Stettin, Germany (now Szczecin, Poland), in 1901. She was named after Crown Prince Wilhelm, son of the German Emperor Wilhelm II, and was a sister ship of Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse.

The ship had a varied career, starting off as a world-record-holding passenger liner, then as an auxiliary warship from 1914–1915 for the Imperial German Navy, sailing as a commerce raider for a year, and then interned in the United States when she ran out of supplies. When the US entered World War I, the US Government seized the ship and renamed the USS Von Steuben, and served as a United States Navy troop transport until she was decommissioned. After the war, Von Steuben was turned over to the United States Shipping Board, where she remained in service until she was scrapped in 1923.

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.