hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Washington Browne
Sir George Washington Browne FRIBA PPRSA (21 September 1853 – 15 June 1939) was a Scottish architect. He was born in Glasgow, and trained there and in London. He spent most of his career in Edinburgh, although his work can be found throughout Scotland and beyond. He was involved in nearly 300 projects, including many public and commercial buildings. One of his most notable buildings is Edinburgh's Central Library, and he became recognised as an authority on library planning and design. He came to national attention after winning a competition to design a bridge over the River Thames in London, although this was never realised. He was the first architect to be elected as President of the Royal Scottish Academy. He also served as President of the Edinburgh Architectural Association, and was instrumental in setting up the Royal Fine Art Commission for Scotland.

The Grange, Edinburgh
The Grange (originally St Giles' Grange) is an affluent suburb of Edinburgh, just south of the city centre, with Morningside and Greenhill to the west, Newington to the east,  The Meadows park and Marchmont to the north, and Blackford Hill to the south. It is a conservation area characterised by large early Victorian stone-built villas and mansions, often with very large gardens. The Grange was built mainly between 1830 and 1890, and the area represented the idealisation of country living within an urban setting.

The suburb includes streets which are renowned for their pricey properties, and it is home to some of Scotland's richest people, top lawyers and businessmen. Whitehouse Terrace, in the Grange area of the Capital, was named as the priciest postcode in Zoopla's 'Rich List for 2021'.
Teioasa
Teioasa (in Polish: Tiosy, in Russian: Тейосы, in Ukrainian: Тіоси) is a district in the municipality of Bălți, Republic of Moldova. It is located between the city lake, the central district of Bălți, and the industrial zone that runs parallel to Ștefan cel Mare Street. The borders of the district are marked by the Veterinary Clinic (Municipal Directorate for Food Safety), the CET-Nord thermoelectric plant, and the neighborhood of Bălții Noi.

Teioasa was founded at the beginning of the 20th century by several Polish families from Galicia, who formed a small rural settlement.

Also located in Teioasa was the first airfield in Bălți, known as the Bălți Aerodrome, positioned along the northeastern edge of the future city lake.

The district includes several grocery stores; a branch of the Linia H2O company specializing in sanitary technical equipment, ceramic tiles, and furniture for bathrooms and kitchens; and Gymnasium No. 9.

Bălți Aerodrome
Bălți Aerodrome (Romanian: Aerodromul Bălți, Russian: Аэродром Бельцы), also known as Bălți-Teioasa Aerodrome, was the first civil airfield in the city of Bălți, then part of the Kingdom of Romania. It operated during the interwar period as a civil aerodrome. It was located in what was then the western district of the city of Bălți, known as Teioasa.

During World War II, the site was repurposed as a Soviet auxiliary military airfield in the Moldavian SSR.
Vichy shower
A Vichy shower, also known as an affusion shower, is a kind of shower used in spas, featuring a horizontal bar with five to seven shower heads, or holes. Large quantities of warm water are poured over a spa patron while he or she lies in a shallow wet bed, similar to a massage table, but with drainage for the water. The patron typically lies on their back first, and then is rolled onto their stomach.

The Vichy shower originated in Vichy, France, which contains natural mineral springs. These springs inspired the design of the Vichy shower.

Shower
A shower is a place in which a person bathes under a spray of typically warm or hot water. Indoors, there is a drain in the floor. Most showers are set up to have adjustable temperature, spray pressure, and showerhead nozzle angle. The simplest showers have a swivelling nozzle aimed downward, while more complex showers have a showerhead connected to a hose that has a mounting bracket; this allows the showerer to hold the showerhead by hand to spray the water onto different parts of their body. A showerhead can be installed in a small shower stall or bathtub, with a plastic shower curtain or door.

Showering is common due to the efficiency of using it compared with using a bathtub. Its use in hygiene is, therefore, common practice.
Electric Hands
Electric Hands is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Taishi Zaou, (a boys love and girls love pen-name for Mikiyo Tsuda). It is licensed in French by Asuka, which released the manga in January 2009. It is licensed in North America by Digital Manga Publishing, which released the manga on November 18, 2009.  It is licensed in Germany by Egmont Manga.

Mikiyo Tsuda
Mikiyo Tsuda (つだ みきよ, Tsuda Mikiyo; born on January 10) is the pen name of Mikiyo Tsuda (津田 美貴代), a Japanese manga artist active since 1998. Under the name Taishi Zaō (蔵王大志, Zaō Taishi), she writes boys love and girls love manga while under Mikiyo Tsuda she writes comedy-shōjo manga.
Olginate
Olginate (Brianzöö: Ulginàa) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Lecco. As of October 2010, it had a population of 7,200 and an area of 7.9 square kilometres (3.1 sq mi).

The municipality of Olginate contains the frazione (subdivision) Consonno.

Olginate borders the following municipalities: Airuno, Brivio, Calolziocorte, Galbiate, Garlate, Valgreghentino, Vercurago.

It is served by Calolziocorte-Olginate railway station.

Valgreghentino
Valgreghentino (Brianzöö: Carghentin) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Milan and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Lecco.

Valgreghentino borders the following municipalities: Airuno, Colle Brianza, Galbiate, Olginate.
Rancho Los Feliz
Rancho de Los Feliz was a 6,647-acre (2,690 ha; 26.90 km2) Spanish land concession in present-day Los Angeles County, California, purportedly given in 1795 by Spanish Governor Pedro Fages to José Vicente Feliz, although there is no deed or other record..  The land of the grant includes Los Feliz and Griffith Park, and was bounded on the east by the Los Angeles River.

José Vicente Féliz
José Vicente Tomás Féliz y Esquer (c. 1741 – 1822) was a Spanish soldier and settler who was a member of the 1775–76 Anza expedition that brought the first settlers to California. In 1781, he was one of four soldiers which guarded the settlers which founded the settlement of El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles (the Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels), which would become Los Angeles. He took on a leadership role in the founding and governance of that pueblo, in essence becoming the city's first mayor, and was rewarded for his efforts with a Spanish land grant in the hills above Los Angeles, in the area of what today still bears his name: Los Feliz.
Almost open map
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, an almost open map between topological spaces is a map that satisfies a condition similar to, but weaker than, the condition of being an open map. 
As described below, for certain broad categories of topological vector spaces, all surjective linear operators are necessarily almost open.

Barrelled space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a barrelled space (also written barreled space) is a topological vector space (TVS) for which every barrelled set in the space is a neighbourhood for the zero vector. 
A barrelled set or a barrel in a topological vector space is a set that is convex, balanced, absorbing, and closed. 
Barrelled spaces are studied because a form of the Banach–Steinhaus theorem still holds for them. 
Barrelled spaces were introduced by Bourbaki (1950).
Rural Municipality of Laurier No. 38
The Rural Municipality of Laurier No. 38 (2021 population: 253) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 2 and SARM Division No. 2. It is located in the southeast portion of the province.

Division No. 2, Saskatchewan
Division No. 2 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the south-southeastern part of the province, on the United States border. The most populous community in this division is Weyburn.
53rd Vanier Cup
The 53rd Vanier Cup (branded as the ArcelorMittal Dofasco Vanier Cup for sponsorship reasons), the 2017 edition of the U Sports football championship, was held on November 25, 2017, at Tim Hortons Field in Hamilton, Ontario. The defending champion Laval Rouge et Or made their 11th Vanier Cup appearance while the Western Mustangs made their nation-leading 13th appearance. This was a rematch of the 44th Vanier Cup which was won by Laval and also played in Hamilton. Western defeated Laval, 39–17, to win its first national championship since 1994.

Hamilton was awarded both the 2016 and 2017 Vanier Cup games; it marked the fifth time that the Vanier Cup had been hosted by Hamilton.

Hamilton Stadium
Hamilton Stadium (originally Tim Hortons Field) is a multi-purpose stadium in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Completed in 2014 with a capacity of 22,500, it was built as a replacement on the same site as the previous stadium, named Ivor Wynne Stadium, which had been there since 1930. It is primarily used for Canadian football and soccer, and is the home of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League and Forge FC of the Canadian Premier League, amongst other teams.

The stadium has also played host to the international soccer tournament at the 2015 Pan American Games as well as various other sports and music concerts.
Publishing and Broadcasting Limited
Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL) was one of Australia's largest corporations. With interests primarily in media and gambling, for the entirety of its existence it was largely controlled by the Packer family.

Crown Melbourne
Crown Melbourne (also referred to as Crown Casino and Entertainment Complex) is an integrated resort consisting of a casino and hotel located on the south bank of the Yarra River, in Melbourne, Australia. Crown Melbourne is a subsidiary of Crown Resorts, and was the first casino of the now-international Crown brand.

Initially having opened in 1994 on the north bank of the Yarra River, Crown Melbourne relocated and re–opened on the south bank of the Yarra, in 1997. It remains one of the central features of the Southbank precinct of the Melbourne central business district. The entire complex has a space of 510,000 m2–equivalent to two city blocks—making it the largest casino complex in the Southern Hemisphere and one of the largest in the world. The complex also hosts three hotels; the Crown Towers, Crown Promenade and Crown Metropol.

It was founded, owned and run by Lloyd Williams until taken over by Publishing & Broadcasting Limited in 1999.
Tecumseh's War
Tecumseh's War or Tecumseh's Rebellion was a conflict between the United States and Tecumseh's confederacy, led by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh in the Indiana Territory. Although the war is often considered to have climaxed with William Henry Harrison's victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811, Tecumseh's War essentially continued into the War of 1812 and is frequently considered a part of that larger struggle. The war lasted for two more years, until 1813, when Tecumseh and his second-in-command, Roundhead, died fighting Harrison's Army of the Northwest at the Battle of Moraviantown in Upper Canada, near present-day Chatham, Ontario, and his confederacy disintegrated. Tecumseh's War is viewed by some academic historians as the final conflict of a longer-term military struggle for control of the Great Lakes region of North America, encompassing a number of wars over several generations, referred to as the Sixty Years' War.

Roundhead (Wyandot)
Roundhead (c. 1760 – 1813), also known as Bark Carrier, Round Head, Stayeghtha, and Stiahta, was a chief of the Wyandot people. He was a strong member of Tecumseh's confederacy against the United States during the War of 1812. He died of unknown natural causes about a month or two before Tecumseh was killed at the Battle of the Thames.
Office of the Higher Education Commission
The Office of the Higher Education Commission (OHEC, Thai: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการการอุดมศึกษา, RTGS: Samnakngan Khanakammakan Kan Udomsueksa) is a department-level agency of the Thai government. It is the operating body of the Higher Education Commission, which oversees the country's universities and other higher education institutions.

The office was established as the Ministry of State University Affairs in 1972, operating as a sub-ministry under the Office of the Prime Minister. It was elevated to ministry level in 1977, and became known as the Ministry of University Affairs (ทบวงมหาวิทยาลัย, RTGS: Thabuang Mahawitthayalai) until 2003, when it was restructured and absorbed into the Ministry of Education as the Office of the Higher Education Commission.

In 2019, the Office was transferred to the new Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation.

Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation
The Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Abrv: MHESI; Thai: กระทรวงการอุดมศึกษา วิทยาศาสตร์ วิจัยและนวัตกรรม, RTGS: Krasuang Kan Udommasueksa Witthayasat Wichai Lae Nawattakam), is a Thai government body responsible for the oversight of Higher education, research, and science and technology in Thailand.
Michael Spivak
Michael David Spivak (May 25, 1940 – October 1, 2020) was an American mathematician specializing in differential geometry, an expositor of mathematics, and the founder of Publish-or-Perish Press. Spivak was the author of the five-volume A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry, which won the Leroy P. Steele Prize for expository writing in 1985.

Calculus on Manifolds (book)
Calculus on Manifolds: A Modern Approach to Classical Theorems of Advanced Calculus (1965) by Michael Spivak is a brief, rigorous, and modern textbook of multivariable calculus, differential forms, and integration on manifolds for advanced undergraduates.
Mount Eerie
Mount Eerie is the musical project of American songwriter and producer Phil Elverum. Elverum (also of the Microphones) is the principal member of the band, but has collaborated with many other musicians on his records and in live performances. Most of Mount Eerie's releases have been issued on Elverum's label P.W. Elverum & Sun, Ltd., and feature highly detailed packaging with his own artwork.

Clear Moon
Clear Moon is the fifth studio album by Mount Eerie, a solo project by American musician Phil Elverum. It was released May 22, 2012 on Elverum's own label P.W. Elverum & Sun. The album was written and produced entirely by Elverum, who recorded it at his studio the Unknown.

Musically, Clear Moon sees Elverum depart from the distortion-heavy sound of his previous studio album, Wind's Poem, in favour of a hypnotic, guitar and synthesizer based sound. To promote the album, Elverum released two singles, "House Shape" on March 22, 2012, and "Lone Bell" on April 24, 2012. Elverum also embarked on North American/European tours.

Clear Moon received critical acclaim and was commercially successful. It is the first part of an aesthetically and conceptually connected duo of albums released by Mount Eerie in 2012, the other being Ocean Roar.
The Transformers: More than Meets the Eye
The Transformers: More than Meets the Eye was a serialized comic series that was part of IDW Publishing's The Transformers comic book line. Its title was taken from one of the two taglines of the Transformers franchise, while the other was given to its companion series The Transformers: Robots in Disguise. The series opens after the one-shot Death of Optimus Prime, where the Transformers’ planet of Cybertron faces a period of uneasy peace and political instability. In response, Rodimus Prime recruits a large crew of Autobots to search for the Knights of Cybertron, a group of religious ambassadors who had vanished prior to the events of the comic. The series was written by James Roberts and was primarily drawn by Alex Milne. Issues 1 to 22 were primarily coloured by Josh Burcham while issues 28 to 57 were primarily coloured by Joanna Lafuente.

The series ended at issue #57, to be relaunched as Transformers: Lost Light.

The Transformers (IDW Publishing)
The Transformers (later retitled as Transformers) is a comic book line by IDW Publishing based upon Hasbro's Transformers characters and toy line, featuring many writers and artists across multiple series. It is notable for being the longest continuously running Transformers continuity to date, beginning in October 2005 with The Transformers: Infiltration and ending in November 2018, after the six-issue Unicron event comic. The following year, it would be rebooted and succeeded by a new comic book series on 2019.

IDW lost the license rights by the end of 2022 and the license was passed to Skybound Entertainment in 2023.
Snow Trac
The Snow Trac is a small personal Snowcat that is roughly the size of a modern compact car. Aktiv Snow Trac were manufactured in Sweden between 1957 and 1981, with additional vehicles manufactured in Scotland.

Aktiv
Aktiv was a trademark of Swedish Aktiv Maskin Östersund ltd. The company started producing agriculture machines and tracked vehicles. It sold its agriculture division to Electrolux and changed its focus to tracked vehicles in 1980. The company went out of business in 1991.

Aktiv started making tracked vehicles in 1957 when they started making Snow Trac, a small personal Snowcat roughly the size of a modern compact car. Aktiv started making small snowmobiles in 1973 when they bought the Snö-Tric brand. The first dual-Trac snowmobile made by Aktiv was Snö-Tric Blå 75- and  SC 20/2 75-.
HMS Pelican (L86)
HMS Pelican (L86) was an Egret-class sloop, built for the British Royal Navy. She was active during the Second World War and was a successful anti-submarine warfare vessel, being credited with the destruction of four U-boats.

Egret-class sloop
The Egret-class sloops were a three ship class of a long-range escort vessels used in the Second World War by the Royal Navy. They were an enlarged version of the Bittern class with an extra twin 4-inch gun mounting. They were fitted with Denny Brown stabilisers and the Fuze Keeping Clock anti-aircraft fire control system.
Oinoi
Oinoi (Greek: Οινόη) is a village and a former community in the northern part of West Attica, Greece. The village was named Mazi (Greek: Μάζι) until 1919. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 14.431 km2.

The ancient site Oenoe is located about 3 km east of the modern settlement of Oinoi.  Oinoi is surrounded by forested mountains, including Pateras (1,131 m (3,711 ft)) and Pastra (1,016 m (3,333 ft)). There are farmlands in the valley areas. Oinoi is located 7 km east of Vilia, 18 km northwest of Eleusis, 19 km southeast of Thebes and 34 km (21 mi) northwest of Athens city centre.

Vilia
Vilia (Greek: Βίλια; formerly Eidyllia, Ειδυλλία) is a village and a former municipality of West Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. Its population was 2,514 at the 2021 census. It is part of Athens metropolitan area. The inhabitants of Vilia are Arvanites.
Malek Afsari
Malek Afsary is a Bangladeshi film director and YouTuber, who has directed 24 films. Afsary began his career as an Assistant Director in the early 1970s. He made his film debut as an Assistant Director in the film Piyasi Mon. He then wrote the story for the film Lutera and the dialogue for the film Kar Pape. He made his directorial debut in 1983 with the film Ghorer Bou. He is best known for his film Ei Ghor Ei Songshar in 1996 and Password in 2019.

Ei Ghor Ei Songsar
Ei Ghor Ei Songsar is a 1996 Bangladeshi drama film which was directed by Malek Afsary, starring Salman Shah, Brishti, Bulbul Ahmed, Rosy Afsary, Ali Raj and Tamalika Karmakar in lead roles. This film was released on 5 April 1996. This film performed very poorly at the box office.
Ningchou
Ningchou is a village south of Ukhrul in the Ukhrul district, Manipur, India. The village falls under Kamjong sub division. Ningchou is connected by Ukhrul-Kamjong state highway. It is flanked by Patbung in the west, Nambisha in the south, Kongkan in the east and Kamjong in the north. Locally, the inhabitants speak the Ningchou dialect that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family. Some researchers believe that the dialect has some affinity to that of the Koireng tribe.

Nambisha
Nambisha is a village located south of Ukhrul in Ukhrul district, Manipur state, India. The village falls under Kamjong sub division. Nambisha is connected by Ukhrul-Kamjong state highway. The village is flanked by Punge in the west, Kangpat in the south, Kongkan Thana in the east and Ningchou in the north. Locally, the inhabitants speak Nambisha dialect that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family. Some researchers are of the view that the dialect spoken by the inhabitants has some affinity to that of the Koireng tribe.
Via del Corso
The Via del Corso is a main street in the historical centre of Rome. It is straight in an area otherwise characterized by narrow meandering alleys and small piazzas. Considered a wide street in ancient times, the Corso is approximately 10 metres wide, and it only has room for two lanes of traffic and two narrow sidewalks. The northern portion of the street is a pedestrian area. The length of the street is roughly 1.5 kilometres.

Piazza del Popolo
Piazza del Popolo is a large urban square in Rome. The name in modern Italian literally means "People's Square", but historically it derives from the poplars (populus in Latin, pioppo in Italian) after which the church of Santa Maria del Popolo, in the northeast corner of the piazza, takes its name.

The piazza lies inside the northern gate in the Aurelian Walls, once the Porta Flaminia of ancient Rome, and now called the Porta del Popolo. This was the starting point of the Via Flaminia, the road to Ariminum (modern-day Rimini) and the most important route to the north. At the same time, before the age of railroads, it was the traveller's first view of Rome upon arrival. For centuries, the Piazza del Popolo was a place for public executions, the last of which took place in 1826.
North Great River, New York
North Great River is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Islip, in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The CDP population was 4,001 at the 2010 census.
The hamlet is served by the Islip Terrace Post Office (11752).

Islip, New York
Islip (/ˈaɪslɪp/ EYE-slip) is a town in Suffolk County, New York, United States, on the South Shore of Long Island. The population was 339,938 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the fourth most populous city or town in the New York metropolitan area. The Town of Islip also contains a smaller, unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place named Islip, which serves as the town seat.
Fremont High School (Nebraska)
Fremont High School (FHS) is the sole public high school for the city of Fremont, Nebraska, United States. FHS operates grades 9–12; its enrollment for the 2022–23 academic year was 1633 students. The school's athletic teams are the Tigers and its colors are black and gold.

Fremont, Nebraska
Fremont is a city in and the county seat of Dodge County in the eastern portion of the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States. The population was 27,141 at the 2020 census, making it the 6th most populous city in Nebraska. Fremont is the home of Midland University.