hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (To–Tz)
Each article in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Ci–Co)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
Golden Highway
Golden Highway (also known as Mitchells Line of Road at its eastern end) is a 313-kilometre (194 mi) highway, located in the Hunter and Orana regions of New South Wales, Australia. It runs eastwards from Dubbo towards Newcastle on the coast, allowing road transport to avoid travelling over the Blue Mountains to Sydney, and is designated route B84.

Dubbo
Dubbo (/ˈdʌboʊ/ DUB-oh; Wiradjuri: Dhubu) is a city in the Orana Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the largest population centre in the Orana region, with a population of 43,516 at June 2021.

The city is located at the intersection of the Newell, Mitchell, and Golden highways. Dubbo officially became a city in the year 1966. Dubbo is located roughly 275 m (902 ft) above sea level, 303 km (188 mi) north-west of Sydney (400 km (249 mi) by road) and is a major road and rail freight hub to other parts of New South Wales. It is linked by national highways north to Brisbane and Charleville, south towards Melbourne and Canberra, east to Sydney, Newcastle and Gosford and west to Broken Hill and Adelaide.

Dubbo is included in the rainfall and weather forecast region for the Central West Slopes and in the Central West Slopes and Plains division of the Bureau of Meteorology forecasts.
Tolkien Studies
Tolkien Studies:  An Annual Scholarly Review is an academic journal founded in 2004 publishing papers on the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. The journal's founding editors are Douglas A. Anderson, Michael D. C. Drout, and Verlyn Flieger, and the current editors are Drout, Flieger, and David Bratman. It states that it is the first scholarly journal published by an academic press in the area of Tolkien research (at least in the English language).

Mythlore
Mythlore is a biannual (originally quarterly) peer-reviewed academic journal founded by Glen GoodKnight and published by the Mythopoeic Society. Although it publishes articles that explore the genres of myth and fantasy in general, special attention is given to the three most prominent members of the Inklings: J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis, and Charles Williams. The current editor-in-chief is the Tolkien scholar Janet Brennan Croft. The Tolkien Society describes Mythlore as a "refereed scholarly journal".
Cowboys International
Cowboys International (also stylised as Cowboys International®) were a new wave and synthpop band formed by vocalist and songwriter Ken Lockie that put out one album in 1979, The Original Sin, and a few singles before dissolving in 1980.

Ken Lockie
Kenneth Lockie (born 1956) is an English singer-songwriter and producer, best known as the principle songwriter and vocalist of English new wave band Cowboys International, as well as a collaborator with synth-pop group Dominatrix and John Lydon of Public Image Ltd.
Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola
Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola (12 April 1888 in Guayaquil – 20 February 1952) was President of Ecuador 16 September 1947 to 1 September 1948. He was also the father of future president Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy.

Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy
Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy (24 August 1919 – 5 March 2004) was an Ecuadorian politician. Arosemena Monroy was elected as Vice President of Ecuador in 1960 and due to the ousting of President José María Velasco Ibarra, became President of Ecuador from 7 November 1961 to 11 July 1963.
Jacobus Linthorst
Jacobus Linthorst (c. 1745 – 7 August 1815) was a painter from the Dutch Republic.

Linthorst was born in Amsterdam where he is known for fruit and flower arrangements as interior decorations as well as paintings.
He was a follower of Rachel Ruysch and Jan van Huysum. He became a member of the Amsterdam guild of St. Luke on 6 June 1789.
Linthorst died in Amsterdam.

Jan van Huysum
Jan van Huysum (or Jan van Huijsum) (15 April 1682 – 8 February 1749) is the most notable member of the Van Huysum family of artists working in Dutch Golden Age of the 17th and 18th centuries; "by common consent, Jan van Huysum has been held to be the best painter of flowers." Trained in decoration from a young age, he "gradually developed an execution of details of the utmost beauty and finish" creating "wonderful flower pieces whereon drops of water and crawling ants could be seen without a magnifying glass."
Hor (high steward)
Hor (fl. c. 1950 BC) was an ancient Egyptian official who was in office under Senusret I. Hor is known from a number of monuments, most of them found at Abydos, where he most likely had a chapel. He is also known from a stela found in the Wadi el-Hudi. His most important title was high steward. Other titles include  overseers of sealers and overseer of the gateway. In the function of high steward, he administered the royal domains. He bore the highest ranked titles, such as Iry-pat (member of the elite) or Haty-a. Only one of his monuments is dated (stela Louvre C2). The monument bears the year date 9 of Senusret's I reign, providing evidence that he was in office in the first part of that king's reign.

Senusret I
Senusret I (Middle Egyptian: z-n-wsrt; /suʀ nij ˈwas.ɾiʔ/) also anglicized as Sesostris I and Senwosret I (died c. 1926 BC) was the second king of the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, and was one of the most powerful kings of the dynasty. He was the son of Amenemhat I. Senusret I was known by his prenomen, Kheperkare, which means "the Ka of Re is created." He expanded the territory of Egypt, allowing him to rule during an age of prosperity.
The Cardsharps
The Cardsharps (painted around 1594) is a painting by the Italian Baroque artist Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio.
The original is generally agreed to be the work acquired by the Kimbell Art Museum in 1987, although Caravaggio may have painted more than one version.

The Fortune Teller (Caravaggio)
The Fortune Teller is a painting by Italian Baroque artist Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. It exists in two versions, both by Caravaggio, the first from c. 1594 (now in the Musei Capitolini in Rome), the second from c. 1595 (which is in the Louvre museum, Paris). The dates in both cases are disputed.
Volodymyr Fomin
Volodymyr Vasilyevich Fomin (Russian: Владимир Васильевич Фомин; 1902, Kharkov – 1942, Kharkov) was a Ukrainian footballer and coach. He was the oldest brother of Kostiantyn Fomin and Mykola Fomin.

Volodymyr played for Dynamo Kharkiv between 1928 and 1936 during which he was Bronze medalist at the USSR Championships in 1935. He coached the club in 1937 and 1938 - 1941 and a brief spell in 1938 managing Dynamo Kiev. He played for the Soviet Union several times in unofficial matches in the mid-1920s.  In 1942 he was executed by the German occupiers (or "fascists") for hiding a Jew.

Kostyantyn Fomin
Kostyantyn Vasyliovych Fomin (Ukrainian: Костянтин Васильович Фомін, Russian: Константи́н Васи́льевич Фоми́н; December 19, 1903 – January 16, 1964) was a Soviet-Ukrainian footballer, football functionary and war veteran. He was a brother of Volodymyr Fomin and Mykola Fomin.

Kostyantyn Fomin also was a member of OGPU/KGB. He was among the first players of Dynamo Kharkiv along with Mykola Kazakov back in 1925.
Huesca Offensive
The Huesca Offensive was an operation carried out during the Spanish Civil War by the Republican Army in June 1937 in order to take the Aragonese city of Huesca, which since the start of the war in July 1936 had been under the control of the Nationalist forces.

Huesca
Huesca (Spanish: [ˈweska]; Aragonese: Uesca) is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Aragon between 1096 and 1118. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and of the comarca of Hoya de Huesca. In 2009, it had a population of 52,059, almost a quarter of the total population of the province. The city is one of the smallest provincial capitals in Spain.

Huesca celebrates its main festival, the Fiestas de San Lorenzo, in honor of Saint Lawrence, from 9 to 15 August.
University of Michigan Executive System
The University of Michigan Executive System, or UMES, a batch operating system developed at the University of Michigan in 1958, was widely used at many universities. Based on the General Motors Executive System for the IBM 701, UMES was revised to work on the mainframe computers in use at the University of Michigan during this time (IBM 704, 709, and 7090) and to work better for the small student jobs that were expected to be the primary work load at the university.

UMES was in use at the University of Michigan until 1967, when MTS was phased in to take advantage of the newer virtual memory time-sharing technology that became available on the IBM System/360 Model 67.

History of IBM mainframe operating systems
The history of IBM mainframe operating systems is significant within the history of mainframe operating systems, because of IBM's long-standing position as the world's largest hardware supplier of mainframe computers. IBM mainframes run operating systems supplied by IBM and by third parties.

The operating systems on early IBM mainframes have seldom been very innovative, except for TSS/360 and the virtual machine systems beginning with CP-67. But the company's well-known reputation for preferring proven technology has generally given potential users the confidence to adopt new IBM systems fairly quickly. IBM's current mainframe operating systems, z/OS, z/VM, z/VSE, and z/TPF, are backward compatible successors to those introduced in the 1960s.
Ernest Gambier-Parry
Major Ernest Gambier-Parry OBE (25 October 1853 – 15 April 1936) was a British military officer who participated in an expedition to the Sudan to avenge the grisly death of a renowned general in 1885. However, the wounds he sustained in that campaign ended his military career. Gambier-Parry was also known for his work as an author, musician, and artist. He succeeded to the manor at Highnam Court following the death of his half-brother Sir Hubert Parry. In addition, he preserved and archived the art collection that had been amassed by his father Thomas Gambier Parry; the masterpieces were eventually bequeathed to the Courtauld Institute of Art.

Highnam Court
Highnam Court is a Grade I listed country house in Highnam, Gloucestershire, England, constructed in the 17th century. The estate passed from the Cooke family to the Guise family and, in the mid-19th century, was purchased by a member of the Gambier-Parry family.

Renovations were undertaken during the tenures of the Guise and Gambier-Parry families, with the latter also including extensive development of the grounds. The Gambier-Parry family held the estate until the late 20th century.
Chaat masala
Chaat masala, also spelled chat masala, is a powdered spice mix, or masala, originating from the Indian subcontinent, typically used to add flavor to chaat. It typically consists of amchoor (dried mango powder), cumin, coriander, dried ginger, salt (often black salt), black pepper, asafoetida, and chili powder. Garam masala is optional.

Spice mix
Spice mixes are blended spices or herbs. When a certain combination of herbs or spices is called for in a recipe, it is convenient to blend these ingredients beforehand. Blends such as chili powder, curry powder, herbes de Provence, garlic salt, and other seasoned salts are traditionally sold pre-made by grocers, and sometimes baking blends such as pumpkin pie spice are also available. These spice mixes are also easily made by the home cook for later use.
San Felipe Lake
San Felipe Lake is a perennial natural lake located in the southern Santa Clara Valley, almost wholly in northern San Benito County with its western edge on the border with Santa Clara County, California. The lake is a critical wetland, rare plant, and wildlife resource in need of additional conservation and enhancement.

San Felipe Lake is the terminus of Pacheco Creek, which drains the western slope of California's Diablo Range.  Its outflows once formed the beginning of the Pajaro River through a series of meandering sloughs and wetlands, but now flow through the Miller Canal, constructed in 1874, to the upper reaches of the river. The Pajaro River, in turn, conveys its waters ultimately to Monterey Bay and the Pacific Ocean.

Pajaro River
The Pajaro River (pájaro is bird in Spanish) is a U.S. river in the Central Coast region of California, forming part of the border between San Benito and Santa Clara Counties, the entire border between San Benito and Santa Cruz County, and the entire border between Santa Cruz and Monterey County. Flowing roughly east to west, the river empties into Monterey Bay, west of Watsonville, California.
Chantal Curtis
Chantal Curtis (born Chantal Sitruk) was a Tunisian-born French singer who had a disco hit in 1979 with "Get Another Love". She had some earlier recordings released under a different name. She died in Israel in 1985 having been hit by a bullet that was intended for her boyfriend. During her short career she had worked with Pierre Jaubert and Vladimir Cosma.

Pierre Jaubert
Pierre Jaubert aka Pierre Berjot (1929 – August 2017) was a record company executive and a record producer. He has produced recordings for artists such as John Lee Hooker, Krispie And Company, The Lafayette Afro Rock Band, Mal Waldron, Leroy Gomez, Chantal Curtis, Beckie Bell and Richard Sanderson. According to the French Wikipedia he died on August 8, 2017.
Akanksha Sharma
Akanksha Sharma (born 14 April 1996) is an Indian actress and model who has appeared in Hindi, Kannada and Telugu-language films, and music videos. She is primarily known for her roles in Keshari Veer, Laila and Trivikrama.

Trivikrama (film)
Trivikrama is a 2022 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by S. Sahana Murthy and produced by Ramco Somanna. The film stars Vikram Ravichandran and Akanksha Sharma in lead roles, while Jayaprakash, Suchendra Prasad, Tulasi, Chikkanna, Sadhu Kokila and  Rohit Roy appear in supporting roles. The music is done by Arjun Janya, while the cinematography and editing were handled by Santosh Rai Pathaje and K. M. Prakash.

Trivikrama was released on 24 June 2022 where it received mixed reviews from critics and became an average venture at the box office.
Rains Brothers Building
Rains Brothers Building, also known as Miner's Hardware Company and Roosevelt Hotel, was a historic commercial building located at Joplin, Jasper County, Missouri. It was built in 1900–1901, and was a three-story, three-bay, two-part commercial building with Renaissance Revival style detailing.: 2  It was destroyed by fire on March 1, 2012.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It was located in the Main and Eighth Streets Historic District.

Main and Eighth Streets Historic District
Main and Eighth Streets Historic District is a national historic district located at Joplin, Jasper County, Missouri.   The district encompasses 20 contributing buildings in the central business district of Joplin.  It developed between about 1891 and 1929 and includes representative examples of Renaissance Revival and Colonial Revival style architecture. Located in the district is the previously listed Rains Brothers Building. Other notable buildings include the Marquette Hotel (c. 1916), Willard Hotel (c. 1901), Muir Block (1891), Stevens Hotel / Scottish Rite Temple (1899), and Hotel Blende (1899).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.
Barbara Engelhardt
Barbara Elizabeth Engelhardt is an American computer scientist and specialist in bioinformatics. Working as a Professor at Stanford University, her work has focused on latent variable models, exploratory data analysis for genomic data, and QTLs. In 2021, she was awarded the Overton Prize by the International Society for Computational Biology.

Overton Prize
The ISCB Overton Prize is a computational biology prize awarded annually for outstanding accomplishment by a scientist in the early to mid stage of their career. Laureates have made significant contribution to the field of computational biology either through research, education, service, or a combination of the three.

The prize was established by the International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) in memory of G. Christian Overton a major contributor to the field of bioinformatics and member of the ISCB Board of Directors who died unexpectedly in 2000.

The Overton Prize is traditionally awarded at the Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB) conference.
Beth Jordache
Beth Jordache is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Brookside. Played by Anna Friel, the character's first appearance was during the episode broadcast on 15 February 1993, where Beth and her family were seen moving into number 10, Brookside Close. Beth's move to the neighbourhood—along with mother Mandy (Sandra Maitland) and younger sister Rachel (Tiffany Chapman)—was a bid to escape the clutches of her abusive father, Trevor Jordache (Bryan Murray).

Friel made her final appearance on 25 July 1995, with the character dying offscreen in the following night's episode. Beth was paramount to some of Brookside's most famous and controversial plots, such as the killing and subsequent "patio" burial of her father, and the first ever pre-watershed lesbian kiss on British television.

Bryan Murray (actor)
Bryan Murray (born 13 July 1949) is an Irish actor. He is known for his extensive television work which includes Fitz in Strumpet City, Flurry Knox in The Irish R.M., Shifty in Bread (for which he won BBC TV Personality of the Year), Harry Cassidy in Perfect Scoundrels, Trevor Jordache in Brookside and Bob Charles in Fair City.
The Bachelor (1955 film)
The Bachelor (Italian: Lo scapolo) is a 1955 film directed by Antonio Pietrangeli, starring Alberto Sordi and Nino Manfredi. It was shown as part of a retrospective on Italian comedy at the 67th Venice International Film Festival.

Nino Manfredi
Saturnino "Nino" Manfredi (22 March 1921 – 4 June 2004) was an Italian actor, voice actor, director, screenwriter, playwright, comedian, singer, author, radio personality and television presenter.

He was one of the most prominent Italian actors in the commedia all'italiana genre. During his career he won several awards, including six David di Donatello awards, six Nastro d'Argento awards and the Prix de la première oeuvre (Best First Work Award) at the 1971 Cannes Film Festival for Between Miracles. Typically playing losers, marginalised, working-class characters yet "in possession of their dignity, morality, and underlying optimism", he was referred to as "one of the few truly complete actors in Italian cinema".
Tarjadia
Tarjadia is an extinct genus of erpetosuchid pseudosuchian, distantly related to modern crocodilians. It is known from a single species, T. ruthae, first described in 1998 from the Middle Triassic Chañares Formation in Argentina. Partial remains have been found from deposits that are Anisian-Ladinian in age. Long known mostly from osteoderms, vertebrae, and fragments of the skull, specimens described in 2017 provided much more anatomical details and showed that it was a fairly large predator. Tarjadia predates known species of   aetosaurs and phytosaurs, two Late Triassic groups of crurotarsans with heavy plating, making it one of the first heavily armored archosaurs. Prior to 2017, most studies placed it outside Archosauria as a member of Doswelliidae, a family of heavily armored and crocodile-like archosauriforms. The 2017 specimens instead show that it belonged to the Erpetosuchidae.

Doswelliidae
Doswelliidae is an extinct family of carnivorous archosauriform reptiles that lived in North America and Europe during the Middle to Late Triassic period. Long represented solely by the heavily-armored reptile Doswellia, the family's composition has expanded since 2011, although two supposed South American doswelliids (Archeopelta and Tarjadia) were later redescribed as erpetosuchids. Doswelliids were not true archosaurs, but they were close relatives and some studies have considered them among the most derived non-archosaurian archosauriforms. They may have also been related to the Proterochampsidae, a South American family of crocodile-like archosauriforms.
Newtown A.F.C.
Newtown Association Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed y Drenewydd) is a Welsh football club based in Newtown, Powys, which plays in the Cymru North

The club plays at Latham Park, Newtown, which accommodates 5,000 spectators.

The New Saints F.C.
The New Saints of Oswestry Town & Llansantffraid Football Club, commonly known as The New Saints (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed y Seintiau Newydd) or TNS FC are a professional football club that play in the Cymru Premier, part of the Welsh football system, but are based completely within England, in Oswestry, Shropshire.

They are the most successful club in the Welsh league structure, with 17 league titles to their name. Since the 2001–02 season, they have finished as champions or runners-up in every season, apart from 2008–09, where they finished third in the league. They became the first side playing in the Welsh league system to qualify for the group or league stage of any European competition after reaching the league phase of the UEFA Conference League for the first time in the 2024–25 season.
Zoya Afroz
Zoya Afroz (born 10 January 1994) is an Indian actress, model and a beauty pageant titleholder. She won the title of Miss India International, competing at the Glamanand Supermodel India 2021 contest and represented India at the Miss International 2022 beauty pageant in Japan. She was previously crowned as the second runner-up at Femina Miss India 2013. Her first appearance was as a child artist in the television series Kora Kagaz in 1998 and continued to do so in films Hum Saath Saath Hain (1999), Mann (1999) and Kuch Naa Kaho (2003). In 2014, Afroz made her Bollywood screen debut as an adult in the thriller film The Xposé, which emerged as a commercial success. Afroz has also worked in various television commercials since she was a child artist.

Afroz promotes education for girls and offers help to women in marginalised sections in acquiring financial independence. She works towards aiding women to acquire basic knowledge and supports the rights of women to get equal opportunity.

Kuch Naa Kaho
Kuch Naa Kaho (Hindi: कुछ ना कहो, translation: Don't Say Anything) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy drama film directed by Rohan Sippy (in his directorial debut), starring Aishwarya Rai, Abhishek Bachchan and Arbaaz Khan. It was released on 26 August 2003. This title of the film is based on a song from the film 1942: A Love Story (1994).
Thomas Wood (mayor)
Thomas Wood (1792–1861) was the 14th mayor of Columbus, Ohio.  He was also the 13th person to serve in that office.   He was appointed by the City Council to serve the remainder of mayor John G. Miller's unfinished term.  He served Columbus for one year.  His successor after 1841 was Abram I. McDowell.

John Guerrant Miller
John Guerrant Miller (1795–1871) was the 13th mayor of Columbus, Ohio.  He was also the 12th person to serve in that office.   He resigned his office as mayor on May 4, 1841, to become postmaster in Columbus.  He served Columbus as mayor for 13 months.  His successor after 1841 was Thomas Wood.