hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bus deregulation in Great Britain
Bus deregulation in Great Britain involved the abolition of Road Service Licensing for bus services outside of Greater London. It began in 1980 with long-distance bus services and was extended to local bus services in 1986 under the Transport Act 1985. The abolition of Road Service Licensing removed the public sector's role in fare-setting, routes, and bus frequencies and returned those powers to bus operators.

Passenger transport executive
In the United Kingdom, passenger transport executives (PTEs) are local government bodies which are responsible for public transport within large urban areas. They are accountable to combined authorities, which were created between 2011 and 2016 and took the role of integrated transport authorities (ITAs). The PTEs have joined together to form the Urban Transport Group (Passenger Transport Executive Group (PTEG) until 2016), in which Transport for London and Strathclyde Partnership for Transport also participate.
Belgian American Educational Foundation
The Belgian American Educational Foundation (BAEF) is an educational charity. It supports the exchange of university students, scientists and scholars between the United States and Belgium. The foundation fosters the higher education of deserving Belgians and Americans through its exchange-fellowship program. Since 1977, Dr. Emile Boulpaep is the president of the BAEF.

Commission for Relief in Belgium
The Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB, or simply Belgian Relief) was an international, predominantly American, organization that arranged for the supply of food to German-occupied Belgium and northern France during the First World War.

Its leading figure was chairman, and future President of the United States, Herbert Hoover.
Aten (city)
Aten, properly called The Dazzling Aten though dubbed initially by archaeologists the Rise of Aten, is the remains of an ancient Egyptian city on the west bank of the Nile in the Theban Necropolis near Luxor. Named after Egyptian sun god Aten, the city appears to have remained relatively intact for over three millennia. Since excavation began in late 2020, it is emerging as the largest city of its kind in ancient Egypt, with a remarkable degree of preservation, leading to comparisons with Pompeii.

Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III  (lit. '"Amun is satisfied"'), also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent or Amenhotep the Great and Hellenized as Amenophis III, was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. According to different authors following the "Low Chronology", he ruled Ancient Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC, or from June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC, after his father Thutmose IV died. Amenhotep was Thutmose's son by a minor wife, Mutemwiya.

His reign marked a time of exceptional prosperity and grandeur, during which Egypt reached the height of its artistic and international influence, making him one of ancient Egypt's greatest pharaohs. He is also one of the few pharaohs worshipped as a deity during his lifetime.

When he died in the 38th or 39th year of his reign, he was succeeded by his son Amenhotep IV, who later changed his name to Akhenaten.
Korsør Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Korsør Municipality was a municipality (Danish: kommune) in the former West Zealand County, on the southwestern coast of the island of Zealand, in eastern Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 74.25 km2, and had a total population of 20,873 (2006).  Its last mayor was Flemming Erichsen, a member of the Social Democrats.

Korsør Municipality bordered Skælskør Municipality to the south, Hashøj Municipality to the east and Slagelse Municipality to the north. It connected to Nyborg Municipality through the Great Belt ferries. To the west was the Great Belt (Storebælt), the strait that separates Zealand and the island of Funen peninsula.

The municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen 2007 (the Municipality Reform of 2007). It was merged with Slagelse, Hashøj and Skælskør municipalities to form a new Slagelse municipality. The new municipality belongs to Region Zealand.

Nyborg Municipality (1970–2006)
Until January 1, 2007 Nyborg Municipality was a municipality (Danish: kommune) in the former Funen County, on the east coast of the island of Funen, in central Denmark.  The municipality covered an area of 83.57 km2, and had a total population of 19,134 (2006).  Its last mayor was Jørn Terndrup, who was a member of the Venstre party.

Nyborg Municipality bordered Ullerslev Municipality to the north and northwest, and Ørbæk Municipality to the south and southwest. After the construction of the Great Belt Bridge in 1998, the municipality also connected to Korsør Municipality. Until then Korsør and Nyborg had been connected through ferries.

The municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen 2007 (the Municipality Reform of 2007).  It was merged with Ørbæk and Ullerslev municipalities to form a new Nyborg municipality. The new municipality belongs to Region of Southern Denmark.
6.5mm Creedmoor
The 6.5mm Creedmoor (6.5x48mm) designated as 6.5 Creedmoor by SAAMI, and as 6,5 Creedmoor by the C.I.P. is a centerfire rifle cartridge introduced by Hornady in 2007. It was developed by Hornady senior ballistics scientist Dave Emary in partnership with Dennis DeMille, the vice-president of product development at Creedmoor Sports, hence the name. The cartridge is a necked-down modification of the .30 Thompson Center.

The 6.5mm Creedmoor was designed for long-range target shooting, although it is also used for medium game hunting. Bullet-for-bullet, the 6.5mm Creedmoor achieves a slower muzzle velocity than longer cartridges such as the 6.5-284 Norma or magnum cartridges such as the 6.5mm Remington Magnum. However, with an overall length of 2.825 inches (71.8 mm), it can be chambered in short-action rifles, as can the 6.5×47mm Lapua.

.30 Thompson Center
The .30 Thompson Center (7.62×48 mm), designated 30 THOMPSON CENTER by SAAMI, 30 TC by the C.I.P., is a centerfire rifle cartridge developed for Thompson Center Arms by Hornady intended to deliver .30-06 Springfield performance in a .308 Winchester length round.

The cartridge was initially offered in the Icon series of bolt-action rifles in 2007, which were released at the same time. While ballistic performance was as expected, consumer acceptance was low and the round has not achieved commercial success. The 6.5mm Creedmoor cartridge was created by necking down the .30 Thompson Center, and has achieved widespread popularity.
Imabari Domain
Imabari Domain (今治藩, Imabari-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now eastern Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Imabari Castle in what is now the city of Imabari, Ehime, and was ruled throughout most of its history by a cadet branch of the Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan. Imabari Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Ehime Prefecture.

Matsudaira clan
The Matsudaira clan (松平氏, Matsudaira-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture).  During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of the Matsudaira clan, Matsudaira Motoyasu became a powerful regional daimyo under Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi and changed his name to Tokugawa Ieyasu. He subsequently seized power as the first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan during the Edo period until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, many cadet branches of the clan retained the Matsudaira surname, and numerous new branches were formed in the decades after Ieyasu. Some of those branches were also of daimyō status.

After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system, the Tokugawa and Matsudaira clans became part of the new kazoku nobility.
Horimiya
Horimiya (Japanese: ホリミヤ) is a Japanese manga series written by Hero and illustrated by Daisuke Hagiwara. It is an adaptation of the original Hori-san to Miyamura-kun webcomic written and illustrated by Hero. The manga is currently serialized with sixteen volumes in Monthly G Fantasy, published by Square Enix. The series is licensed in English by Yen Press. Set on interception of the lives of two high school students, the popular and seemingly perfect Kyouko Hori, and the quiet, gloomy Izumi Miyamura, who discover each other's secret which is their hidden selves and fall in love.

A 13-episode anime television series adaptation was produced by CloverWorks and aired from January to April 2021. A 13-episode sequel titled Horimiya: The Missing Pieces building the relationships between the characters and recapping moments in the first season aired from July to September 2023.

Horimiya (TV series)
Horimiya is a Japanese anime television series produced by CloverWorks, based on Daisuke Hagiwara's Horimiya manga series adaptation of HERO's webcomic Hori-san to Miyamura-kun. The series aired for 13 episodes, from January to April 2021. The story follows the growing relationship of two high school students.

The first season consisted of 13 episodes and ran from January to April 2023, on the MBS television station. A sequel anime adaptation titled Horimiya: The Missing Pieces that covered chapters not animated in Horimiya was announced after the airing of the thirteenth episode. It aired from July to September 2023.
Nashornet Mountain
Nashornet Mountain (72°22′S 2°0′W﻿ / ﻿72.367°S 2.000°W﻿ / -72.367; -2.000) is a mountain 6 nautical miles (11 km) northeast of Viddalskollen Hill, on the south side of Viddalen Valley in Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Nashornet (the rhinoceros).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Nashornet Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Viddalskollen Hill
Viddalskollen Hill (72°25′S 2°19′W﻿ / ﻿72.417°S 2.317°W﻿ / -72.417; -2.317) is a hill 6 nautical miles (11 km) southwest of Nashornet Mountain, on the south side of Vaddalen Valley in Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Viddalskollen, meaning "the wide valley's knoll."

This article incorporates public domain material from "Viddalskollen Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Dava (Dacian)
Dava (Latinate plural davae) was a Geto-Dacian name for a city, town or fortress. Generally, the name indicated a tribal center or an important settlement, usually fortified. Some of the Dacian settlements and the fortresses employed the Murus Dacicus traditional construction technique.

Most of these towns are attested by Ptolemy, and therefore date from at least the 1st century CE.

The dava towns can be found as south as the cities of Sandanski and Plovdiv in present-day Bulgaria. Strabo specified that the Dacians ("Daci") are the Getae. The Dacians, Getae and their kings were always considered as Thracians by the ancients (Dio Cassius, Trogus Pompeius, Appian, Strabo, Herodotus and Pliny the Elder), and were both said to speak the same Thracian language.

Murus Dacicus
Murus Dacicus (Latin for Dacian Wall) is a construction method for defensive walls and fortifications developed in ancient Dacia sometime before the Roman conquest. It is a mix between traditional construction methods particular to Dacian builders and methods imported from Greek and Roman architecture and masonry, and – although somewhat similar construction techniques were used before, during and long after the period – it has peculiarities that make it unique.
Wriezen Railway
The Wriezen Railway is a line in the northeast of the German states of Berlin and Brandenburg. It runs from Berlin to Werneuchen and formerly extended via Wriezen to Jädickendorf (now Godków in Poland). Its terminus in Berlin from 1903 to 1949 was the Wriezener Bahnhof (Wriezen line station). The predominantly single-track line has operated only between Berlin-Lichtenberg station and Werneuchen since December 2006.

S7 (Berlin)
S7 is a line on the Berlin S-Bahn. It operates from Ahrensfelde to Potsdam over:

the Wriezen Railway, completed on 1 May 1898 and electrified to Marzahn in 1976, to Mehrower Allee in 1980 and to Ahrensfelde in 1982,

a section of the Outer ring, completed in the early 1940s as part of the Outer freight ring and electrified in 1976,

a section of the Prussian Eastern line, opened on 1 October 1866 and electrified on 6 November 1928,

the Stadtbahn, opened on 7 February 1882 and electrified on 11 June 1928,

a section of the Berlin-Blankenheim line, opened west of Grunewald in 1879 and further east in 1882 and electrified in 1928 and

a section of the Berlin-Potsdam-Magdeburg line, opened in 1838 and electrified in 1928.
Hornell Municipal Airport
Hornell Municipal Airport (ICAO: KHTF, FAA LID: HTF, formerly 4G6) is a city-owned public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) north of the central business district of Hornell, a city in Steuben County, New York, United States. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation airport.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned HTF by the FAA, but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned HTF to Hatfield Airport in the Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England).

Hornell, New York
Hornell is a city in Steuben County, New York, United States. The population was 8,259 at the 2020 census. The city is named after the Hornell family, early settlers.

The City of Hornell is surrounded by the Town of Hornellsville. Hornell is about 55 miles (89 km) south of Rochester and is near the western edge of Steuben County.

Hornell is nicknamed the "Maple City" after the large maple trees that once grew throughout the town and covered the surrounding hills of the Canisteo Valley. Hornell residents celebrate with one of the largest Saint Patrick's Day parades and celebrations in the area, bringing many out to welcome spring and show their green.
Up or out
Up or out, also known as a tenure or partnership system, is the requirement for members of a hierarchical organization to achieve a certain rank within a certain period of time. If they fail to do so, they must leave the organization.

Vitality curve
A vitality curve is a performance management practice that calls for individuals to be ranked or rated against their coworkers. It is also called stack ranking, forced ranking, and rank and yank. Pioneered by GE's Jack Welch in the 1980s, it has remained controversial. Numerous companies practice it, but mostly covertly to avoid direct criticism.
Stephens' constant
Stephens' constant expresses the density of certain subsets of the prime numbers. Let  and  be two multiplicatively independent integers, that is,  except when both  and  equal zero. Consider the set  of prime numbers  such that  evenly divides  for some power . Assuming the validity of the generalized Riemann hypothesis, the density of the set  relative to the set of all primes is a rational multiple of

(sequence A065478 in the OEIS)

Stephens' constant is closely related to the Artin constant  that arises in the study of primitive roots.

Artin's conjecture on primitive roots
In number theory, Artin's conjecture on primitive roots states that a given integer a that is neither a square number nor −1 is a primitive root modulo infinitely many primes p. The conjecture also ascribes an asymptotic density to these primes. This conjectural density equals Artin's constant or a rational multiple thereof.

The conjecture was made by Emil Artin to Helmut Hasse on September 27, 1927, according to the latter's diary. The conjecture is still unresolved as of 2025. In fact, there is no single value of a for which Artin's conjecture is proved.
January 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 13 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 15

All fixed commemorations below are observed on January 27 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 14th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 1.

January 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 14 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 16

All fixed commemorations below are observed on January 28 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 15th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 2.
National Collegiate Cycling Association
The National Collegiate Cycling Association is a division of USA Cycling and the governing body of collegiate cycling in the US. Its predecessor was the US Collegiate Cycling Association (USCCA), which held the first national collegiate road cycling championships in San Luis Obispo, CA in May 1988. It was hosted by California Polytechnic State University.

NCCA member clubs must be recognized by its school, and each school campus can be represented by only one club.

Constituent conferences are:

ACCC: Atlantic Collegiate Cycling Conference

RMCCC: Rocky Mountain Collegiate Cycling Conference

ECCC: Eastern Collegiate Cycling Conference

SCCCC: South Central Collegiate Cycling Conference

MWCCC: Midwestern Collegiate Cycling Conference

SECCC: Southeastern Collegiate Cycling Conference

NCCCC: North Central Collegiate Cycling Conference

SWCCC: Southwestern Collegiate Cycling Conference

NWCCC: Northwestern Collegiate Cycling Conference

WCCC: Western Collegiate Cycling Conference

Western Collegiate Cycling Conference
The WCCC or Western Collegiate Cycling Conference is a collegiate cycling conference based in the western United States. The conference is composed of 29 schools from California, Northern Nevada, and Hawaii. Schools include current Road National Champions UC Davis as well as former champions Stanford and UC Berkeley. The schools in the conference compete in road cycling races in the spring and mountain bike racing in the fall. The conference is governed by the National Collegiate Cycling Association, a division of USA Cycling. The conference is split into two divisions.
Jongno 3(sam)-ga station
Jongno 3(sam)-ga Station (Korean: 종로3가역) is an underground station on lines 1, 3 and 5 of the Seoul Subway in South Korea.

In December 2010 the station is recorded as having the fifth highest WiFi data consumption of all the Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations, following Express Bus Terminal Station, Sadang Station, Dongdaemun Station and Jamsil Station.

Jamsil station
Jamsil Station (Korean: 잠실역) is an underground station on Line 2 and Line 8 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. Lotte World is continuous with the Line 2 station. The station is also called Songpa-gu Office Station (Korean: 송파구청역), due to the proximity of the office building (right outside Exit 10 of the Line 8 station).

The Line 2 station is located in Jamsil-dong and the Line 8 station is located in Sincheon-dong. Both neighborhoods are within Songpa District, Seoul.
2020 National Football Challenge Cup
The 2020  National Football Challenge Cup was the 29th edition of domestic association football cup competition in Pakistan. 28 teams participated in the competition, held from 30 November to 20 December 2020. The competition was held in Lahore, with Punjab Stadium and Fame FC Ground hosting all the matches. In contrary to the departments-only format of the National Challenge Cup, the 2020 editionunder the FIFA-appointed PFF Normalisation Committee, the field was enlarged to 28 teams and for the first time in over a decade included both departments and private clubs, in an effort to revive competition during administrative suspension and the COVID-19 pandemic.

WAPDA won their maiden title after beating Sui Southern Gas 1–0 in the final.

Pakistan National Football Challenge Cup
The National Football Challenge Cup is an annual knockout football competition in men's domestic Pakistani football within the Pakistan football league system. It is organized by and named after the Pakistan Football Federation. Initially named as Inter Departmental Championship, it was introduced in 1979 as a football tournament for departmental selections and armed forces teams excluded from the National Football Championship of Pakistan.

Khan Research Laboratories have won the most titles (six). WAPDA are the current champions, winning the 2026 edition.
Fort Harrison State Park
Fort Harrison, sometimes called Fort Ben, is an Indiana state park located in Lawrence, Indiana, United States, and occupies part of the former site of Fort Benjamin Harrison. The park features a former Citizen's Military Training Camp, Civilian Conservation Corps camp, and World War II prisoner of war camp. There are also picnicking and walking/jogging trails including a connection to the Fall Creek Greenway. The park receives nearly 900,000 visitors annually.

The park was 1 of 14 Indiana State Parks that were in the path of totality for the 2024 solar eclipse, with 3 minutes and 48 seconds of totality.

Fort Benjamin Harrison
Fort Benjamin Harrison was a U.S. Army post located in suburban Lawrence Township, Marion County, Indiana, northeast of Indianapolis, between 1906 and 1991. It is named for the 23rd President of the United States, Benjamin Harrison.
Deng Xiaoping Theory
Deng Xiaoping Theory (Chinese: 邓小平理论; pinyin: Dèng Xiǎopíng Lǐlùn), also known as Dengism, is the series of political and economic ideologies first developed by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping.: 1500  The theory does not reject Marxism–Leninism or Maoism, but instead claims to be an adaptation of them to the existing socioeconomic conditions of China.

The theory also played an important role in China's modern economy, as Deng stressed opening China to the outside world, the implementation of one country, two systems, and through the phrase "seek truth from facts",: 1500  an advocation of political and economic pragmatism.

Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party
The Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party is the fundamental document of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Consisting of 55 articles, its contents describe the program of the party, as well as its organizational structure and party symbolism.

The CCP adopted its first program at the 1st National Congress, which set out its ideology as Marxism–Leninism, and its ultimate goal as the realization of communism. The program amended in each subsequent CCP Congress. The 7th National Congress in 1945 adopted the CCP's first constitution. It included Mao Zedong Thought as the CCP's working compass, and was the first that it independently drafted. The constitution currently in force was adopted at the 12th National Congress in 1982. While it has since been revised, its basic content has been stable since 1982.
Rancho El Piojo
Rancho El Piojo was a 13,329-acre (53.94 km2) Mexican land grant in present day Monterey County, California given in 1842 by Governor Juan B. Alvarado to Joaquín Soto.  The grant extended along Piojo Creek south of Rancho San Miguelito de Trinidad.

Rancho San Miguelito de Trinidad
Rancho San Miguelito de Trinidad was a 22,136-acre (89.58 km2) Mexican land grant in present day southern Monterey County, California given in 1841 by Governor Juan B. Alvarado to José Rafael Gonzalez.  The grant extended along the Nacimiento River and Stony Creek, west of Rancho Milpitas.