hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ali bin Samikh Al Marri
Ali bin Saeed bin Samikh Al-Marri (Arabic: علي بن سعيد بن صميخ المري) is a Qatari human rights figure and politician born on November 30, 1972. He was appointed Minister of Labour of the State of Qatar on October 19, 2021, and was re-appointed Minister of Labor by an Amiri order in March 2023. Before taking up the ministerial portfolio, he had chaired the National Human Rights Committee (NHRC) for State of Qatar since 2009. He also served as acting president and secretary-general of the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions and as president of the Arab Network of National Human Rights Institutions. In 2012 he was elected chairman of the Permanent Arab Committee on Human Rights of the Arab League and chairman of the Asia Pacific Forum for the session 2013 to 2015. He was re-elected as chairman of the NHRC of the State of Qatar in 2019. In June 2023, Al-Marri was elected as president of the United Nation's annual International Labour Conference.

Tayeb Benabderrahmane
Tayeb Benabderrahmane (born 1981) is a Franco-Algerian consultant, public affairs actor, and human rights claimant. He is known for a prolonged detention in Qatar (2020), a subsequent ICSID arbitration (Case ARB/22/23), and a 2025 decision by the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention.
Sallust
Gaius Sallustius Crispus, usually anglicised as Sallust (/ˈsæləst/, SAL-əst; c. 86 – c. 35 BC), was a historian and politician of the Roman Republic from a plebeian family. Probably born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines, Sallust became a partisan of Julius Caesar (100 to 44 BC), circa 50s BC. He is the earliest known Latin-language Roman historian with surviving works to his name, of which Conspiracy of Catiline on the eponymous conspiracy, The Jugurthine War on the eponymous war, and the Histories (of which only fragments survive) remain extant. As a writer, Sallust was primarily influenced by the works of the fifth-century BC Greek historian Thucydides. During his political career he amassed great and ill-gotten wealth from his governorship of Africa.

Tacitus
Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (/ˈtæsɪtəs/ TAS-it-əs, Latin: [ˈtakɪtʊs]; c. AD 56 – c. 120), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars.

Tacitus's two major historical works, Annals (Latin: Annales) and the Histories (Latin: Historiae), originally formed a continuous narrative of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus (14 AD) to the end of Domitian's reign (96 AD). The surviving portions of the Annals focus on the reigns of Tiberius, Claudius, Nero, and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).

Tacitus's other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see Dialogus de oratoribus), Germania (in De origine et situ Germanorum), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola (the general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain), mainly focusing on his campaign in Britannia (De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae).
Fyodorov District
Fyodorov (Kazakh: Федоров ауданы, Fedorov audany) is a district of Kostanay Region in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Fyodorovka. Population: 27,389 (2013 estimate); 28,348 (2009 census results); 37,973 (1999 census results).

Kostanay Region
Kostanay Region (Kazakh: Қостанай облысы, romanized: Qostanai oblysy) is a region of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is the city of Kostanay.  The population of the region is 835,686.  The population living in Kostanay is 207,000, which is equivalent to 23% of the region.
2001 Asian Baseball Championship
The 2001 Asian Baseball Championship was the 21st installment of the tournament. The championship took place at Xinzhuang Baseball Stadium in Taipei County (now New Taipei City), Republic of China (Taiwan, competing as Chinese Taipei). Chinese Taipei national baseball team won the competition for the fourth time in the competition's history.

Xinzhuang Baseball Stadium
The Xinzhuang Baseball Stadium (traditional Chinese: 新莊棒球場; simplified Chinese: 新庄棒球场; pinyin: Xīnzhuāng Bàngqiúchǎng) is a baseball stadium in Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. It is currently mostly used for CPBL baseball games. The stadium can hold 12,500 people and was opened in 1997.
RD-214
The RD-214 (GRAU Index 8D59) was a liquid rocket engine, burning AK-27I (a mixture of 73% nitric acid and 27% N2O4 + iodine passivant  and TM-185 (a kerosene and gasoline mix) in the gas generator cycle. As was the case with many V-2 influenced engines, the single turbine was driven by steam generated by catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It also had four combustion chambers and vector control was achieved by refractory vanes protruding into the nozzle's exhaust.

R-12 Dvina
The R-12 Dvina was a theatre ballistic missile developed and deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Its GRAU designation was 8K63 (8K63U or 8K63У in Cyrillic for silo-launched version), and it was given the NATO reporting name of SS-4 Sandal. The R-12 rocket provided the Soviet Union with the capability to attack targets at medium ranges with a megaton-class thermonuclear warhead and constituted the bulk of the Soviet offensive missile threat to Western Europe. Deployments of the R-12 missile in Cuba caused the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. A total of 2335 missiles were produced; all were destroyed in 1993 under the START II treaty.

As well as the single-stage ballistic technology, the R-12 Dvina had a two-stage capability that allowed payloads to be placed into low Earth orbit.

The unbuilt Iranian Shahab-4 missile is likely an offshoot of the R-12 Dvina.
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (/tiˈɛpəloʊ/ tee-EP-ə-loh, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni batˈtista ˈtjɛːpolo, ˈtjeː-]; 5 March 1696 – 27 March 1770), also known as Giambattista (or Gianbattista) Tiepolo, was an Italian painter and printmaker from the Republic of Venice who painted in the Rococo style, considered an important member of the 18th-century Venetian school. He was prolific, and worked not only in Italy, but also in Germany and Spain.

Giovan Battista Tiepolo, together with Giambattista Pittoni, Canaletto, Giovan Battista Piazzetta, Giuseppe Maria Crespi, and Francesco Guardi are considered the traditional Old Masters of that period.

Successful from the beginning of his career, he has been described by Michael Levey as "the greatest decorative painter of eighteenth-century Europe, as well as its most able craftsman".

Old Master
In art history, "Old Master" (or "old master") refers to any painter of skill who worked in Europe before about 1800, or a painting by such an artist. An "old master print" is an original print (for example an engraving, woodcut, or etching) made by an artist in the same period. The term "old master drawing" is used in the same way.

In theory, "Old Master" applies only to artists who were fully trained, were Masters of their local artists' guild, and worked independently, but in practice, paintings produced by pupils or workshops are often included in the scope of the term. Therefore, beyond a certain level of competence, date rather than quality is the criterion for using the term.
Bocchit Edmond
Bocchit Edmond is a Haitian politician and diplomat. He has been the Ambassador of Haiti to the United States since December 1, 2020 until January 20, 2025, when he replaced Hervé Denis, the prior ambassador. In 2022 he called for military intervention from the international community to stem unrest and violence.

Previously, Edmond served as Haiti's Minister of Foreign Affairs from September 2018 until March 2020, when he was succeeded by Claude Joseph. In May 2023, Haitian government fired Bocchit due to a corruption scheme involving illegal passport issuance at his Washington embassy, according to The Miami Herald.

Hervé Denis
Hervé Denis is a government official in Haiti. He held various posts including Minister of Defense and various ambassadorships including ambassador from Haiti to the United States. He succeeded Paul Altidor as Haiti's ambassador to the United States. He was succeeded as ambassador to the U.S. by Bocchit Edmond.

He described Haiti's Provisional Electoral Council as unconstitutional. In discussing United States threats against opponents of the Council, he called the United States the "King of the World".
Port Huron Prowlers
The Port Huron Prowlers are a minor professional ice hockey team in the Federal Prospects Hockey League that began play in the 2015–16 season.  Based in Port Huron, Michigan, the Prowlers play their home games at the McMorran Arena.

McMorran Place
McMorran Place is an entertainment complex in Port Huron, Michigan consisting of a 4,800-seat multi-purpose arena and a theater. It was designed by Alden B. Dow and built in 1960 for $3.5 million (equivalent to $37.2 million in 2024). The exterior of the complex is faced with red brick with limestone accents.
Schächental
The Schächental (Schächen Valley) is an alpine valley of Uri, Switzerland, formed by the river Schächen. The valley stretches to the east of Altdorf for some 10 km.

Situated in the Schächental are the municipalities of Bürglen (525 m), Spiringen (923 m) and Unterschächen (995 m). The valley terminates in the Klausenpass (1948 m), which connects to the Urner Boden, leading towards Glarus. A side valley, the Brunnital branches to the south of Unterschächen, extending for some 4 km. It terminates abruptly, in the steep northern slope of the Gross Windgällen.

Upon leaving the valley, the Schächen flows past Altdorf and joins the Reuss at Attinghausen.

The inhabitants of the Schächen valley figure prominently in the formative phase of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the context of the struggle against the Habsburg feudal lords. According to Aegidius Tschudi (1570),  William Tell was a native of the Schächen valley.

Reuss (river)
The Reuss (Swiss Standard German: [ˈrɔʏs]; Swiss German: Rüüss) is a river in Switzerland. With a length of 164 kilometres (102 mi) and a drainage basin of 3,426 square kilometres (1,323 sq mi), it is the fourth largest river in Switzerland (after the Rhine, Aare and Rhône). The upper Reuss forms the main valley of the canton of Uri. The course of the lower Reuss runs from Lake Lucerne to the confluence with the Aare at Brugg and Windisch.

The Reuss is one of the four major rivers taking their source in the Gotthard region, along with the Rhine, Ticino and Rhône.
Battle of Galudoghson
The Battle of Galudoghson took place in December 1742, at a site near present-day Glasgow, Virginia, when the Augusta County militia engaged in combat with Onondaga and Oneida Indians. These warriors had traveled to Virginia from Pennsylvania under the command of an Iroquois chief named Jonnhaty, to participate in a campaign against the Catawba. The battle was the first armed conflict between settlers in Western Virginia and Native Americans. Several distinct accounts of the battle exist, with contradictory details. The Iroquois regarded the battle as an unprovoked act of aggression, while the Virginia colonists claimed that the Iroquois had raided Virginia settlements and killed livestock.: 44–47  The battle was one factor that led colonial authorities to negotiate with Native American leaders for the 1744 Treaty of Lancaster.

Samuel McDowell
Samuel McDowell (October 29, 1735 – September 25, 1817) was a soldier in three wars and political leader in Virginia and Kentucky. He served under George Washington in the French and Indian War, as an aide-de-camp to Isaac Shelby in Lord Dunmore's War, and under Nathanael Greene during the Revolutionary War. He then relocated to Kentucky and became a surveyor. Later, he was appointed one of the first district court judges in what would become the state of Kentucky. He became a leader of the movement to separate Kentucky from Virginia, and presided over nine of the state's ten constitutional conventions. He was the father of Dr. Ephraim McDowell.
Civil War News
Civil War News was a set of collectible trading cards issued in the early 1960s by Topps. The set featured colorful painted artwork and was characterized by vivid colors, graphic depictions of violence, death and blood (base card #21 "Painful Death" being a prime example) and exaggerations of warfare, in a similar tone to the 1938 Gum Inc.'s Horrors of War, which was equally popular.

Topps
The Topps Company, Inc. is an American company that manufactures trading cards and other  collectibles. Formerly based in New York City, Topps is best known as a leading producer of baseball and other sports and non-sports themed trading cards. Topps also produces cards under the brand names Allen & Ginter and Bowman.

In the 2010s, Topps was the only baseball card manufacturer with a license with Major League Baseball. Following the loss of that license to Fanatics, Inc. in 2022, Fanatics acquired Topps in the same year.
Shawn Olmstead
Shawn Olmstead is an American college volleyball coach. He is the head coach for the BYU Cougars men's volleyball team, a position he had held since the 2016 season. Olmstead served as head coach for theBYU Cougars women's volleyball from 2011 to 2014. In 2014, he was named the American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) Coach of the Year. His sister, Heather Olmstead, coached the BYU Cougars women's volleyball team until December 11, 2025, when she resigned from the position.

BYU Cougars women's volleyball
The BYU Cougars women's volleyball team is the women's college volleyball program representing Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo, Utah. The Cougars began female collegiate volleyball competition in 1969 and have won 32 conference championships and have been national runners up twice (1972 and 2014).
Bergfelde station
Bergfelde is a railway station in the Oberhavel district of Brandenburg on the Berlin outer ring. It is served by the S-Bahn line S8. The station was built along the line as part of a connection to Hohen Neuendorf from the rest of East Berlin after the previous one (now used by the S1) was cut off by the Berlin Wall.

Berlin outer ring
The Berlin outer ring (BAR; German: Berliner Außenring) is a 125 km (78 mi) long double track electrified railway located in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany. Its route forms a ring around the former West Berlin, and includes parts of some older lines such as the Outer Freight Ring, Jüterbog–Nauen railway, and Michendorf–Großbeeren railway.

The BAR was originally built by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) between 1950 and 1961 to bypass West Berlin for political, economic, and military reasons. It allowed East Germany to seal off West Berlin without disrupting its transport links, in preparation for the building of the Berlin Wall during the division of Germany, by encircling West Berlin through East Berlin and the suburbs in Bezirk Potsdam. The BAR was integrated into the Deutsche Bahn railway system in the 1990s after German reunification.

The term Outer ring is used to distinguish the line from the Ringbahn of inner Berlin.
Smiley Lewis
Overton Amos Lemons (July 5, 1913 – October 7, 1966), known as Smiley Lewis, was an American New Orleans rhythm and blues singer and guitarist. The music journalist Tony Russell wrote that "Lewis was the unluckiest man in New Orleans. He hit on a formula for slow-rocking, small-band numbers like 'The Bells Are Ringing' and 'I Hear You Knocking' only to have Fats Domino come up behind him with similar music with a more ingratiating delivery. Lewis was practically drowned in Domino's backwash."

One Night (Smiley Lewis song)
"One Night" is a song written by Dave Bartholomew and Pearl King. It was originally recorded by Smiley Lewis for Imperial Records in 1956. On some releases, the song is titled "One Night of Sin", in line with the original lyrics. The single reached No. 11 on the Billboard R&B chart in early 1956. The song gained greater commercial success in a version released by Elvis Presley in 1958, with the addition of co-writer Anita Steiman (or Steinman), due to some rewritten lyrics.
X (magazine)
X, A Quarterly Review, often referred to as X magazine, was a British review of literature and the arts published in London which ran for seven issues between 1959 and 1962. It was co-founded and co-edited by Patrick Swift and David Wright.

Oskar Kokoschka
Oskar Kokoschka CBE (1 March 1886 – 22 February 1980) was an Austrian (though, at times during his long life, he had also Czech and British citizenship)   artist, poet, playwright and teacher, best known for his intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes, as well as his theories on vision that influenced the Viennese Expressionist movement.
Jasmine's Beautiful Thoughts Underneath The Willow
"Jasmine's Beautiful Thoughts Underneath The Willow" is a poem from Wallace Stevens's first book of poetry, Harmonium. It was first published in 1923 and is therefore still under copyright. However, fair use in scholarly commentary justifies its being quoted here.

Harmonium (poetry collection)
Harmonium is a book of poetry by American poet Wallace Stevens. His first book at the age of forty-four, it was published in 1923 by Knopf in an edition of 1,500 copies. This collection comprises 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines ("Life Is Motion") to several hundred ("The Comedian as the Letter C") (see the footnotes for the table of contents). Harmonium was reissued in 1931 with three poems omitted and fourteen new poems added.

Most of Harmonium's poems were published between 1914 and 1923 in various magazines. The poems are now in the public domain in America and similar jurisdictions.
Igor Talkov Jr.
Igor Igorevich Talkov (Russian: Игорь Игоревич Тальков; born October 14, 1981), also known as Igor Talkov Jr. or Igor Mirlmir Talkov, is a Russian musician and songwriter who founded the group Mirlmir. He is the son of Russian rock musician Igor Talkov.

Igor Talkov
Igor Vladimirovich Talkov (Russian: И́горь Влади́мирович Талько́в; 4 November 1956 – 6 October 1991), was a Russian rock singer-songwriter and film actor. His breakthrough came in 1987 with the David Tukhmanov-composed song Clean Ponds which was an instant hit. Talkov's lyrics are mostly about love, but also contain social critique of the Soviet regime. He was shot dead in 1991.
New York Nights: Success in the City
New York Nights: Success in the City is an action-adventure life simulation video game developed by Gameloft Montreal and published by Gameloft. It was released for button-operated mobile phones in 2005 and for iPhone in 2009. New York Nights is the first installment in the Nights series, and features two-dimensional (2D) graphics and is similar to The Sims series. A sequel, New York Nights 2: Friends For Life was later released for mobile phones and Android.

Life simulation game
Life simulation games form a subgenre of simulation video games in which the player lives or controls one or more virtual characters (human or otherwise). Such a game can revolve around "individuals and relationships, or it could be a simulation of an ecosystem". Other terms include artificial life game and simulated life game (SLG).
Hirabayashi v. United States (1987)
Hirabayashi v. United States, 828 F.2d 591 (9th Cir. 1987), is a case decided by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and recognized for both its historical and legal significance. The case is historically significant for vacating the World War II–era convictions of Japanese American civil rights leader Gordon Hirabayashi. Those convictions were affirmed in the Supreme Court's 1943 decision Hirabayashi v. United States. The case is legally significant for establishing the standard to determine when any federal court in the Ninth Circuit may issue a writ of coram nobis.

Coram nobis
A writ of coram nobis (also writ of error coram nobis, writ of coram vobis, or writ of error coram vobis) is a legal order allowing a court to correct its original judgment upon discovery of a fundamental error that did not appear in the records of the original judgment's proceedings and that would have prevented the judgment from being pronounced.

In the United Kingdom, the common law writ is superseded by the Common Law Procedure Act 1852 (15 & 16 Vict. c. 76) and the Criminal Appeal Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7. c. 23).

The writ survives in the United States in federal courts, in the courts of sixteen states, and the District of Columbia courts. Each state has its own coram nobis procedures. A writ of coram nobis can be granted only by the court where the original judgment was entered, so those seeking to correct a judgment must understand the criteria required for that jurisdiction.
Holkerian
The Holkerian is a sub-stage of the Viséan stage of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) geological timescale. It is one of five sub-stages commonly used in the Viséan stage within stratigraphy by British, Irish and other geologists outside the US and Asia.

As part of the Viséan, Holkerian rocks were formed about 339 to 335 million years ago, in the Early Carboniferous subperiod. Rock formations laid down in this time were frequently different types of fossiliferous limestone. The material for all these rocks was laid down in warm, sub-tropical marine conditions of the time when north-western Europe was close to the equator.

Viséan
The Visean, Viséan or Visian is an age in the ICS geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the second stage of the Mississippian, the lower subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Visean lasted from 346.7 to 330.3 Ma. It follows the Tournaisian age/stage and is followed by the Serpukhovian age/stage.
Tsezic languages
The Tsezic languages (also called Didoic languages) form one of the seven main branches of the Northeast Caucasian language family. It branches into Tsez–Hinukh and Bezhta–Hunzib–Khwarshi, according to research published in 2009. They were formerly classified geographically into East Tsezic (Hinukh and Bezhta) and West Tsezic (Tsez, Khwarshi and Hunzib).
The Avar language serves as the literary language for speakers of Tsezic languages.

Hunzib language
Hunzib is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Hunzib people in the Tsunta and Kizilyurt districts of Dagestan and in two villages across the Russian border in Georgia. Hunzib is not an official language, and it is rarely written.
Khadijah Rivera
Khadijah Rivera (1950 – November 22, 2009) founded the first organization, PIEDAD, for Latinas of the Islamic faith in 1988. She was a Puerto Rican Muslim convert from Roman Catholicism. She was married to an Egyptian Muslim. Khadijah Rivera was involved in some two dozen social causes. She encouraged members to become active in their mosques. During her life, she was a social activist and community worker. She taught at a local Tampa Bay school. She was a coordinator of Project Downtown Tampa, a project that helps the homeless and needy. In summer 2009, she began working at CAIR's Tampa office.

Rivera died on November 22, 2009. She was a mother of five children.

A brief biography of Khadijah Rivera is featured in "Latino Muslims: Our Journeys to Islam."

Latin American Muslims
Latin American Muslims are adherents of the Islamic faith with a Latin American background. A survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2010 found that Muslims make up 0.1% of all of Latin America's population.