hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Najm al-Thaqib
The al-Najm al-Thaqib (Arabic:النجم الثاقب, "piercing star") is a Yemeni missile system developed by the Houthis and revealed on 26 May 2015. The Houthis claimed that these missiles could violate the blockade imposed by UN resolution 2216 imposed by the Arab Coalition. American reports suggest that this missile was designed to attack nearby targets like Jizan without expending their diminishing stock of longer range missiles. It is somewhat similar to Iranian Oghab missiles, however it lacks fins. All civil airports in Jizan, Asir and Najran have been closed due to the risk of missile strikes since July 2015.

Oghab
The Iranian Oghab (Persian: عقاب, meaning "Eagle") sometimes spelled as Akab and Okab missile is an unguided 230 mm (9.1 in) artillery rocket with a range of 34–45 km (21–28 mi). It is spin-stabilized in flight but has a proven circular error probable in excess of 500 metres (1,600 feet), making it a highly inaccurate weapon. It carries a 70 kg (150 lb) high explosive fragmentation warhead, though it may also be able to carry chemical warheads. According to US sources, a modified version has been developed that could be carried and fired from Iranian Air Force F-14 Tomcat and F-4 Phantom II aircraft. The launcher is an elevatable triple-rail launcher assembly fitted to a Mercedes-Benz LA 911B 4×4 truck chassis.
Helena Merzin-Tamm
Helena Merzin-Tamm (née Merzin; born 7 May 1972 in Tartu, Estonian SSR, Soviet Union) is an Estonian actress.

Helena Merzin was born in Tartu to actor Leonhard Merzin and Tiiu Lukk. She has two half-sisters from her father's previous marriages. In 1990, she graduated from Tartu Secondary School No. 2 (now, the Miina Härma Gymnasium), before enrolling at the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre, graduating in 1994. From 1994 until 2009, she worked at Vanemuine theatre in Tartu. Besides theatre roles she has played also in several films and television series.

Merzin-Tamm had been in a relationship actor and director Jüri Lumiste, with whom she has a son. Since 2007, she has been married to actor Raivo E. Tamm. The couple have a son.

Raivo E. Tamm
Raivo E. Tamm (born 15 July 1965) is an Estonian actor and politician. In 2019, he was elected a member of the XIV Riigikogu.

Tamm was born in Tallinn. In 1988 he graduated from Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre in actor specialty. 1988-1993 he was an actor for Vanalinnastuudio theatre; 1994–1999 in Tallinn City Theater.

Since 2019 he is a member of Isamaa party.
Enjo kōsai
Enjo kōsai (援助交際; literally "aid or support" and "congress, intercourse, intermingling"), shortened to enkō (援交), is a type of transactional relationship similar to the Western sugar dating. It is the Japanese language term for the practice of older men giving money or luxury gifts to attractive young women for sexual favors. The female participants range from school girls (or JK business) to housewives. The term is often translated as "compensated dating" or "subsidized dating".

The opposite case of women paying men, gyaku enjo kōsai (逆援助交際; gyaku 逆 meaning "reverse"), is rarer, but host clubs do exist. Fraudulent solicitations from fictive women offering to pay for sex is a common tactic in phishing emails.

Sugar dating
Sugar dating or sugaring is a type of pseudoromantic interpersonal relationship where one person receives money or gifts in exchange for intimacy or companionship. The provider (called a sugar daddy or sugar mommy) is typically older and wealthier, while the recipient (called a sugar baby) is typically younger, attractive, and interested in improving their quality of life. The recipient can obtain gifts such as jewelry, luxury goods, vacations, fine dining, mentorship, leisure outings, financial support, and offers social benefits such as companionship, dedication, devotion, affection, dating or intimacy.

Sugar dating is especially popular in the online dating community due to the easy access to specific niches and desires.
Zinc dithiophosphate
Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (often referred to as ZDDP) are a family of coordination compounds classified as members of transition metal dithiophosphate complexes.  These compounds were introduced in the 1940s as oil additives. They are uncharged compounds, not salts. They are soluble in nonpolar solvents, and the longer-chain derivatives easily dissolve in mineral and synthetic oils used as lubricants. They come under CAS number 68649-42-3 . In aftermarket oil additives, the percentage of ZDDP ranges approximately between 2 and 15%. Zinc dithiophosphates have many names, including ZDDP, ZnDTP, and ZDP.

Transition metal dithiophosphate complex
Transition metal dithiophosphate complexes are coordination compounds containing dithiophosphate ligands, i.e. ligands of the formula (RO)2PS−2.  The charge-neutral complexes tend to be soluble in organic solvents, especially when R is branched.  Dithiophosphates are available with a wide variety of alkoxy groups.  The range of complexes is similar to those for dithiocarbamate complexes.
Sharoy
Sharoy (Russian: Шарой, Chechen: Шара, Şara) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Sharoysky District, the Chechen Republic, Russia. (The selo of Khimoy serves as the administrative center of Sharoysky Municipal District). Population:  203 (2002 Census);

Khimoy
Khimoy (Russian: Химой, Chechen: ХӀима, Hima) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Sharoysky Municipal District, the Chechen Republic, Russia. (The selo of Sharoy serves as the administrative center of Sharoysky District). Population:  309 (2010 Census);
2025 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 2025 Grand Prix Hassan II is a professional men's tennis tournament to be played in Marrakesh, Morocco on clay courts. It will be the 39th edition of the tournament and an ATP Tour 250 event on the 2025 ATP Tour. It will take place from 31 March until 6 April 2025.

2025 ATP Tour
The 2025 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2025 tennis season. The 2025 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP 500, the ATP 250, and the United Cup (organized with the WTA). Also included in the 2025 calendar are the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), Next Gen ATP Finals, Hopman Cup and Laver Cup, none of which distribute ranking points.
Gordon H. Bower
Gordon Howard Bower (December 30, 1932 – June 17, 2020) was a cognitive psychologist studying human memory, language comprehension, emotion, and behavior modification. He received his Ph.D. in learning theory from Yale University in 1959. He held the A. R. Lang Emeritus Professorship at Stanford University. In addition to his research, Bower also was a notable adviser to numerous students, including John R. Anderson, Lawrence W. Barsalou, Lera Boroditsky, Keith Holyoak, Stephen Kosslyn, Alan Lesgold, Mark A. Gluck, and Robert Sternberg, among others.

He was voted number 42 in the list of most notable psychologists of the 20th century, published by the Review of General Psychology. 
He was awarded the National Medal of Science in 2005.

Mark A. Gluck
Mark A. Gluck is a professor of neuroscience at Rutgers–Newark in New Jersey, and director of the Rutgers Memory Disorders Project. His research focuses on the neural bases of learning and memory. He has authored Learning and Memory: From Brain to Behavior (Worth Publishers, 2008)., and co-authored Gateway to Memory: An Introduction to Neural Network Models of the Hippocampus.
Xylokastro railway station
Xylokastro railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός σταθμός Ξυλόκαστρο, romanized: Sidirodromikós Stathmós Xylokastro) is a station in Xylokastro, a seaside town in Corinthia, Greece. It is located just south of Xylokastro, close to the Olimpia Odos motorway. It was opened on 22 June 2020 as part of the €848-million ERGOSE project extension of the Athens Airport–Patras railway to Aigio rail line, co-financed by the European Union's Cohesion Fund 2000–2006. The station is served by Hellenic Train local services between Kiato and Aigio. It should not be confused with the now-closed station on the old Piraeus–Patras railway, which is located northeast of the current station, closer to the coast of the Corinthian Gulf.

Xylokastro
Xylokastro (Greek: Ξυλόκαστρο) is a seaside town and a former municipality in Corinthia in the Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Xylokastro-Evrostina, of which it is a unit or component. The municipal unit has an area of 310.252 km2.

Geographic features include a long 2 km white pebbled beach and semi-arid forest on varied terrain, scattered with early churches and evidence of early settlements and religious sites.  It has narrowly separated upper and lower coastal roads and forms a medium-sized touristic village on the Gulf of Corinth. It is a popular coastal weekend location for many people of Athens.
Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).

New Pendolino
The New Pendolino is a class of high-speed tilting trains built by Alstom Ferroviaria (Fiat Ferroviaria) for Trenitalia and Cisalpino.

As of 2024, Pendolinos have become a part of the Avelia Stream high speed train family.
Miyanganj
Miyanganj, also spelled Mianganj, is a village and corresponding community development block in Hasanganj tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the road from Lucknow to Bangarmau, just to the west of the crossroads with another route linking Unnao and Sandila.

Miyanganj hosts a cattle fair on Asadha Badi 2-30. Vendors bring wooden products, agricultural implements, sweets, toys, and assorted other merchandise to sell at the event. The village also hosts a market on Wednesdays and Saturdays where grain and vegetables are sold. As of 2011, its population is 8,948, in 1,575 households.

Hasanganj
Hasanganj is a village and tehsil headquarters in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located near Mohan, at a road junction leading to Miyanganj and Rasulabad. As of 2011, its population is 4,658, in 818 households.

Hasanganj hosts two fairs: the Jal Bihar cattle fair on Bhadra Badi 2-4, and the Kans Lila fair on Bhadra Sudi 3. At both events, vendors bring sweets, clay toys, and articles of daily use to sell. Hasanganj also holds a market on Tuesdays and Fridays where grain and vegetables are sold.
Swedish Armoured Troops Cadet and Officer Candidate School
The Swedish Armoured Troops Cadet and Officer Candidate School (Swedish: Pansartruppernas kadett- och aspirantskola, PKAS)  was a school of the Swedish Armoured Troops in the Swedish Army which operated in various forms the years 1942–1981. The school was located in Skövde garrison in Skövde.

Göta Life Guards (armoured)
The Göta Life Guards (Swedish: Göta livgarde), designated P 1, was a Swedish Army armoured regiment that was active in various forms 1944–1980. The unit was based in the Enköping Garrison in Enköping and belonged to the King's Life and Household Troops (Kungl. Maj:ts Liv- och Hustrupper) until 1974.
Bangla, Nepal
Wangla is a Market Center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Wangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census, the town had a population of 5,142 living in 1,033 houses. At the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 5,380, of which 66% was literate.

Narapani
Narapani is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,664 and had 873 houses in the town.
John Harding, 2nd Baron Harding of Petherton
John Charles Harding, 2nd Baron Harding of Petherton (12 February 1928 – 6 June 2016), was a British Army officer and hereditary peer.

Harding was educated at Marlborough College and Worcester College, Oxford (MA). He was commissioned into the British Army and served with the 11th Hussars, reaching the rank of major. He succeeded his father John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton, to the title of Baron Harding of Petherton in 1989.

By his wife, Harriet Hare (daughter of Major General Francis Hare), whom he married in 1966, he had two sons and one daughter. She died on 4 December 2012. Their daughter, Dido Harding, Baroness Harding of Winscombe, is married to Conservative MP John Penrose. Harding died in June 2016 at the age of 88, and was succeeded in the barony by his eldest son, William.

John Penrose
John David Penrose (born 22 June 1964) is a British politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Weston-super-Mare from 2005 until 2024. A member of the Conservative Party, he was the United Kingdom Anti-Corruption Champion at the Home Office from 2017 until 2022. He resigned on 6 June 2022 as the United Kingdom Anti-Corruption Champion due to the Boris Johnson Partygate scandal.

Penrose previously served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Culture, Media and Sport from 2010 to 2012 and Lord Commissioner of the Treasury from 2014 to 2016. He was Minister of State for Northern Ireland from 2018 to 2019.
Firewood processor
A firewood processor is a machine designed to cut and split firewood with minimal manual handling of the logs. There are typically four main parts of the machine, each dedicated to a separate function. Processing begins with a log pile – a pile of logs that have been de-limbed and cut to an appropriate length, generally 12–20 feet (3.7–6.1 m). Popular brands include DYNA, Multitek, Cord King, Wood Beaver, Hakki Pilke, Timberwolf, and Blockbuster. Many individuals use processors commercially, while some use them privately as a hobby. If someone has a small amount of wood they'd like to split but don't want to spend a lot of money, there's options to rent processors as an alternative to purchasing.

Firewood
Firewood is any wooden material that can be used for fuel.  The term usually refers to wood fuel that is not industrially processed, such as wood pellets, and instead takes the form of a recognizable log or branch. Firewood can be heat-treated and seasoned (dry) or unseasoned (fresh/wet). Two classes of firewood exist, which are either hardwood or softwood, depending on the species of tree that was cut.

Firewood is a renewable resource, although demand for this fuel can quickly outpace its ability to regenerate on a local or regional level. Good forestry practices and efficiency advances in devices that burn firewood can improve local wood supplies.

Smoke from burning wood can cause respiratory issues and other diseases. Transporting firewood long distances can also spread plant pests, diseases, and invasive species.
Grant County, Oregon
Grant County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,233, making it Oregon's fourth-least populous county. The county seat is Canyon City. It is named for President Ulysses S. Grant, who served as an army officer in the Oregon Territory, and at the time of the county's creation was a Union general in the American Civil War. Grant County is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

Umatilla National Forest
The Umatilla National Forest, in the Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon and southeast Washington, covers an area of 1.4 million acres (570,000 ha; 5,700 km2; 2,200 mi2). In descending order of land area the forest is located in parts of Umatilla, Grant, Columbia, Morrow, Wallowa, Union, Garfield, Asotin, Wheeler, and Walla Walla counties. (Columbia, Garfield, Asotin, and Walla Walla counties are in Washington, while the rest are in Oregon.) More than three-quarters of the forest lies in the state of Oregon.

Forest headquarters are located in Pendleton, Oregon. Local ranger district offices are in Heppner and Ukiah in Oregon, as well as in Pomeroy and Walla Walla in Washington.
Anglo-Persian War
The Anglo-Persian War, also known as  the Anglo-Iranian War (Persian: جنگ ایران و انگلستان, romanized: Jange Irân o Engelestan), was a war fought between the United Kingdom and Iran, which was ruled by the Qajar dynasty. The war had the British oppose an attempt by Iran to press its claim on the city of Herat. Though Herat had been conquered by Iran in 1856, it had declared itself independent under its own rebellious emir and placed itself under the protection of the British in India and in alliance with the Emirate of Afghanistan. The British campaign was successfully conducted under the leadership of Major General Sir James Outram in two theatres: on the southern coast of Iran near Bushehr and in southern Mesopotamia. The war resulted in the Iranians withdrawing from Herat in 1857 and signing the treaty of Paris to surrender their claims on the city in return for the British withdrawing from southern Iran.

126th Baluchistan Infantry
The 126th Baluchistan Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army raised in 1825 as the 2nd Extra Battalion of Bombay Native Infantry. It was designated as the 126th Baluchistan Infantry in 1903 and became 2nd Battalion 10th Baluch Regiment in 1922. In 1947, it was allocated to the Pakistan Army, where it continues to exist as 7th Battalion of The Baloch Regiment.
Warton with Lindeth
Warton with Lindeth was a civil parish in the north of Lancashire, England, from 1866 to 1935. It had an area of 4,141 acres (1,676 ha). It was a township and became a parish in 1866. It was abolished on 1 April 1935, when 3,534 acres (1,430 ha) formed the new civil parish of Warton and 607 acres (246 ha) were added to the civil parish of Silverdale (created 1866). In 1931 the parish had a population of 1694.

In John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–72), Lindeth was described as "a hamlet in Warton parish, Lancashire; 4 ½ miles NW of Carnforth".

Warton, Lancaster
Warton is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. The village is close to the boundary with Cumbria, and approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Carnforth, which was originally part of the parish of Warton. The village had a population of 2,315 at the 2001 census, and 2,360 at the 2011 census. The parish covers an area in excess of 11,000 acres (45 km2) and is predominantly rural.

The earliest record of the Warton is in the Domesday Book of 1086. The village contains Warton Old Rectory, the ruins of a late thirteenth- or early fourteenth-century clergyman's house. The parish church, dedicated to Saint Oswald, has links to the Washington family, the ancestors of the first president of the United States of America, George Washington.
David A. Lane
David Avra Lane (born 1945) is an American economist, who developed the theory of artifact innovation. At the Santa Fe Institute he has been defining the notion of economic complexity and the Santa Fe approach. He is professor of economics at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia and research fellow at the European Centre for Living Technology.

In 1987 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.

Complexity economics
Complexity economics, or economic complexity, is the application of complexity science to the problems of economics. It relaxes several common assumptions in economics, including general equilibrium theory. While it does not reject the existence of an equilibrium, it features a non-equilibrium approach and sees such equilibria as a special case and as an emergent property resulting from complex interactions between economic agents. The complexity science approach has also been applied as the primary field in computational economics.
Ampère's circuital law
In classical electromagnetism, Ampère's circuital law, often simply called Ampère's law, and sometimes Oersted's law, relates the circulation of a magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through that loop.

The law was inspired by Hans Christian Ørsted's 1820 discovery that an electric current generates a magnetic field. This finding prompted theoretical and experimental work by André-Marie Ampère and others, eventually leading to the formulation of the law in its modern form.

James Clerk Maxwell published the law in 1855. In 1865, he generalized the law to account for time-varying electric currents by introducing the displacement current term. The resulting equation, often called the Ampère–Maxwell law, is one of Maxwell's equations that form the foundation of classical electromagnetism.

Right-hand rule
In mathematics and physics, the right-hand rule is a convention and a mnemonic, utilized to define the orientation of axes in three-dimensional space and to determine the direction of the cross product of two vectors, as well as to establish the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.

The various right- and left-hand rules arise from the fact that the three axes of three-dimensional space have two possible orientations. This can be seen by holding your hands together with palms up and fingers curled. If the curl of the fingers represents a movement from the first or x-axis to the second or y-axis, then the third or z-axis can point along either right thumb or left thumb.
2Cellos
2Cellos (stylized 2CΞLLOS) were a Croatian cellist duo, consisting of classically trained cellists Luka Šulić and Stjepan Hauser. Signed to Sony Masterworks in 2011, they released six albums. The duo played instrumental arrangements for cellos of well-known pop and rock songs, as well as classical and film music. The duo performed internationally and were featured on several American television series including Glee and The Bachelor (Sean and Catherine's Wedding). They continue to be active as solo performers.

2Cellos (album)
2Cellos is the debut studio album by Croatian cello duo 2Cellos. It was released on June 10, 2011, worldwide, through Sony Masterworks.  The album peaked at number 1 on the US Billboard Top Classical Albums chart.