hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Little Bourke Street
Little Bourke Street in the Melbourne central business district runs roughly east–west within the Hoddle Grid. It is a one-way street heading in a westward direction. The street intersects with Spencer Street at its western end and Spring Street at its eastern end. Melbourne's Chinatown, which extends between the corners of Swanston and Exhibition streets, is a major feature of the street.

The street was once notorious for crime and prostitution, and in this capacity was used as a reference by Fergus Hume for his 1886 novel The Mystery of a Hansom Cab.

Hoddle Grid
The Hoddle Grid is the contemporary name given to the approximately 1.61-by-0.80-kilometre (1.00 mi × 0.50 mi)  grid of streets that form the Melbourne central business district, Australia. Bounded by Flinders Street, Spring Street, La Trobe Street, and Spencer Street, it lies at an angle to the rest of the Melbourne suburban grid, and so is easily recognisable. It is named after the surveyor Robert Hoddle, who marked it out in 1837 (to Lonsdale Street, extended to La Trobe Street the next year), based on the city grid established in the first survey of Melbourne conducted by Robert Russell (architect) in 1836, establishing the first formal town plan. This grid of streets, laid out when there were only a few hundred settlers, became the nucleus for what is now Melbourne, a city of over five million people.
Lona-Lases
Lona-Lases (Lóna e Lasés in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 768 and an area of 11.4 square kilometres (4.4 mi2).

Lona-Lases borders the following municipalities: Valfloriana, Sover, Segonzano, Cembra, Bedollo, Baselga di Pinè, Albiano and Fornace.

Valfloriana
Valfloriana is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 538 and an area of 39.4 square kilometres (15.2 mi2).

Valfloriana borders the following municipalities: Capriana, Altrei, Castello-Molina di Fiemme, Sover, Lona-Lases, Telve and Baselga di Pinè.

In the 1946 Italian institutional referendum, Valforiana was the comune with the strongest result for republic - 573 (97.12%) for republic and 17 (2.88%) for monarchy.
Rocky Ripple, Indiana
Rocky Ripple is a town in Marion County, Indiana, United States. The population was 655 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1927, and the town was incorporated as an "included town" as part of Unigov in 1970. It is part of Indianapolis, but retains a separate functioning town government under IC 36-3-1-11. Although not far from the city center, Rocky Ripple is a somewhat isolated area, located between the Central Canal and the White River; only two traffic-supporting bridges over the canal provide access to the town.

Marion County, Indiana
Marion County is located in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 United States census reported a population of 977,203, making it the 54th-most populous county in the U.S., the most populous county in the state, and the main population center of the 11-county Indianapolis–Carmel–Greenwood MSA in central Indiana. Indianapolis is the county seat, the state capital, and most populous city. Marion County is consolidated with Indianapolis through an entity known as Unigov.
Nefasit
Nefasit (Arabic: نفاسيت, Tigrinya: ነፋሲት Tigrinya pronunciation: [nɐfasit]), also known as Tappa Nefasit, is a small town in the Northern Red Sea Region of Eritrea. Monastery of Debre Bizen is located at the mountains above.

According to multiple tour groups the stretch between the capital Asmara and Nefasit is the most beautiful in Eritrea. There's a colonial era Italian railway that occasionally runs from Asmara.

Debre Bizen
15°20′N 39°5′E﻿ / ﻿15.333°N 39.083°E﻿ / 15.333; 39.083

Debre Bizen  is an Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church monastery.  Located at the top of Debre Bizen the mountain (2460 meters) near the town of Nefasit in Eritrea. Its library contains many important Ge'ez manuscripts.
Bay Express
The Bay Express was a passenger train between Wellington and Napier in New Zealand's North Island, operating from Monday, 11 December 1989 until Sunday, 7 October 2001. It was operated by New Zealand Railways Corporation's InterCity Rail division, later known as Tranz Scenic.

TranzAlpine
The TranzAlpine is a passenger train operated by the Great Journeys New Zealand division of KiwiRail in the South Island of New Zealand over the Midland Line; often regarded to be one of the world's great train journeys for the scenery through which it passes (see lists of named passenger trains). The journey is 223 kilometres (139 mi) one-way, taking almost five hours. There are 16 tunnels and four viaducts, with the Staircase Viaduct elevated as much as 75 metres (246 ft).

The train has become increasingly popular, and carried 204,000 passengers in the financial year ending 2007. By 2016, passenger numbers were approximately 130,000 a year, but rising again after the setback of the Christchurch earthquake, and were exceeding pre-earthquake levels.

The TranzAlpine service was suspended in 2020 and again in 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, but resumed on 14 January 2022.
Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland
Gerald Paul Joseph Cajetan Carmel Antony Martin Strickland, 6th Count della Catena, 1st Baron Strickland, GCMG (24 May 1861 – 22 August 1940), usually known between 1897 and January 1928 as Sir Gerald Strickland, was a Maltese and British politician and, eventually, peer, who served as Prime Minister of Malta, Governor of the Leeward Islands, Governor of Tasmania, Governor of Western Australia and Governor of New South Wales, in addition to sitting in the House of Commons and later in the House of Lords in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Edeline Strickland
Lady Edeline Strickland (born Lady Edeline Sackville-West, 10 September 1870 – 15 December 1918) was the founder and president of the New South Wales division of the Australian Red Cross. She inspired the name of the Lady Edeline ferry, and the Edeline Islands.
Rheinmünster
Rheinmünster is a municipality in the district of Rastatt in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. Formed in 1974, the town is an amalgamation of the former independent councils of Greffern, Schwarzach, Soellingen and Stollhofen. The name comes from the Rhine (Rhein), the river neighbouring the town and the cathedral (Münster), a Benedictine abbey that fell to secularisation in 1803.

Stollhofen
Stollhofen is a town in the Rheinmünster municipality, Rastatt district, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.  It lies on the river Sulzbach, and was first mentioned in documents in 1154 and given city status in the 13th century.

It gives its name to the Lines of Stollhofen, a 10-mile defensive line between Stollhofen and Bühl constructed in 1703 during the War of the Spanish Succession.  The town was captured in 1707 and its fortifications demolished.
6th Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 6th Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Army.  It served in the Napoleonic Wars (notably at the Battle of Waterloo), in the First World War on the Western Front where it was assigned to the 3rd Cavalry Division, and with the 1st Cavalry Division during the Second World War.

10th Royal Hussars
The 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army raised in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the First World War and Second World War but then amalgamated with the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) to form the Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) in October 1969.
Ciorbă de perișoare
Ciorbă de perișoare is a traditional Romanian sour soup made with meatballs. Perișoare are meatballs usually made with minced pork meat, mixed with rice and spices and boiled in a ciorbă—a soup made with assorted vegetables such as onions, parsnips, celery, and a sour liquid or powder (bran), typically garnished with parsley, dill, and lovage. It is typically served with sour cream and hot peppers.

Chorba
Chorba, (/ˈtʃɔːrbə/ CHOR-bə; Turkish: [tʃɔɾˈba]) shorwa, shurba, shurpa, shurbah or shorba (/ˈʃɔːrbə/ SHOR-bə) is a broad class of stews or rich soups found in national cuisines across North Africa, The Middle East, Iran, Turkey, Southeast Europe, Central Asia, East Africa and South Asia. It is often prepared with added ingredients but is also served alone as a broth or with bread.
Nomina Anatomica
Nomina Anatomica (NA) was the international standard on human anatomic terminology from 1895 until it was replaced by Terminologia Anatomica in 1998.

In the late nineteenth century some 30,000 terms for various body parts were in use. The same structures were described by different names, depending (among other things) on the anatomist's school and national tradition. Vernacular translations of Latin and Greek, as well as various eponymous terms, were barriers to effective international communication. There was disagreement and confusion among anatomists regarding anatomical terminology.

Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminology
The Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT) is a group of experts who review, analyze, and discuss the terms of the morphological structures of the human body. It was created by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) and was previously known as the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT) and the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT).
Katsunoo Castle
Katsunoo Castle (勝尾城, Katsuno'o-jō) was a Muromachi to Sengoku period yamajiro-style Japanese castle located in the city of Tosu, Saga Prefecture, Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 2006, with the designation expanded in 2010 to become the collective designation Katsuno'o Castle Tsukushi clan ruins (勝尾城筑紫氏遺跡, Katsuno-jō Tsukushi-shi iseki), which includes the ruins of Oniga Castle (鬼ヶ城), Takatori Castle (高取城), Katsurago Castle (葛籠城), Kagami Castle (鏡城), Wakayama Fort (若山砦等), the remains of the clan's head residence, the remains of the vassals' houses, the remains of temples and shrines, and the remains of town houses.

Tosu, Saga
Tosu (鳥栖市, Tosu-shi) is a city located in the eastern part of Saga Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 74,334 in 33597 households, and a  population density of 1000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 71.72 km2 (27.69 sq mi).
CTL*
CTL* is a superset of computational tree logic (CTL) and linear temporal logic (LTL). It freely combines path quantifiers and temporal operators. Like CTL, CTL* is a branching-time logic. The formal semantics of CTL* formulae are defined with respect to a given Kripke structure.

E. Allen Emerson
Ernest Allen Emerson II (June 2, 1954 – October 15, 2024) was an American computer scientist and winner of the 2007 Turing Award. He was a professor at the University of Texas at Austin from 1981 to 2016.

Emerson is credited together with Edmund M. Clarke and Joseph Sifakis for the invention and development of model checking, a technique used in formal verification of software and hardware. His contributions to temporal logic and modal logic include the introduction of computation tree logic (CTL) and its extension CTL*, which are used in the verification of concurrent systems. He is also recognized along with others for developing symbolic model checking to address combinatorial explosion that arises in many model checking algorithms.
Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator
Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator was a Roman senator active in the late 1st century AD. He is estimated to have been born between BCE 29 and 91 He was suffect consul in either AD 83 or 84. Salinator is known to have been proconsular governor of Asia in the years 98/99.

The Pedanii were an affluent family, whose origins lie in the colony of Barcino (modern Barcelona) in Hispania Tarraconensis. Salinator may be the son of Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator, consul in 61, and is thought to be the father of Gnaeus Pedanius Fuscus Salinator, consul in 118.

Pedania gens
The gens Pedania was a minor plebeian family at Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned at the time of the Second Punic War, but they achieved little prominence until imperial times, when the ill-starred Lucius Pedanius Secundus attained the consulship under Nero.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Macon County, Missouri
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Macon County, Missouri.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Macon County, Missouri, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are nine properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted May 23, 2025.

Macon County, Missouri
Macon County is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,209. Its county seat is Macon. The county was organized January 6, 1837, and named for Nathaniel Macon, a Revolutionary War hero and North Carolina politician.
Wedding of Frederick V of the Palatinate and Princess Elizabeth
The wedding of Frederick V of the Palatinate (1596–1632) and Princess Elizabeth (1596–1662), daughter of James VI and I, was celebrated in London in February 1613. There were fireworks, masques (small, choreography-based plays), tournaments, and a mock-sea battle or naumachia. Preparations involved the construction of a "Marriage room", a hall adjacent to the 1607 Banqueting House at Whitehall Palace. The events were described in various contemporary pamphlets and letters.

Farthingale
A farthingale is one of several structures used under Western European women's clothing - especially in the 16th and 17th centuries - to support the skirts in the desired shape and to enlarge the lower half of the body. The fashion originated in Spain in the fifteenth century. Farthingales served important social and cultural functions for women in Renaissance Europe as they expressed, primarily when worn by court women, high social position and wealth.
Stribog
Stribog is a god in Slavic mythology found in three East Slavic sources, whose cult may also have existed in Poland. The sources do not inform about the functions of the god, but nowadays he is most often interpreted as a wind deity who distributes wealth.

Dazhbog
Dazhbog (Russian: Дажьбо́г, Дажбо́г), alternatively Daždźboh (Belarusian: Даждзьбог), Dazhboh (Ukrainian: Дажбог), Dažbog, Dazhdbog, Dajbog, Daybog, Dabog, Dazibogu, or Dadźbóg, was one of the major gods of Slavic mythology, most likely a solar deity and possibly a cultural hero. He is one of several authentic Slavic gods, mentioned by a number of medieval manuscripts, and one of the few Slavic gods for which evidence of worship can be found in all Slavic tribes.

Dazhbog (or Dazhboh) is mentioned in the Primary Chronicle, a history of early Kievan Rus' as one of seven gods whose statues Prince Vladimir the Great erected in front of his palace in Kiev in 980, when he came to the throne. The name is also mentioned in the Hypatian Codex, as well as in the medieval Old East Slavic epic The Tale of Igor's Campaign .
Bike the Drive
Bike the Drive  is a recreational, non-competitive bicycle ride held annually the Sunday before Labor Day in Chicago. DuSable Lake Shore Drive is cleared of motor vehicle traffic and opened exclusively to bicyclists for several hours beginning at dawn. The main festival and starting location is at Butler Field in Grant Park. The event benefits bicycling advocacy work in the region by the Active Transportation Alliance, formerly known as the Chicagoland Bicycle Federation.  The event has been sponsored by Fifth Third Bank, MB Financial Bank (2010-2018) and  Bank of America (before 2010).

Active Transportation Alliance
Active Transportation Alliance (formerly Chicagoland Bicycle Federation) is a non-governmental, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization with a mission to promote better biking, walking, and transportation options.

The group publishes the Chicago Bike Map with Chicago Department of Transportation.

Its advocacy efforts include:

Large-scale bike sharing

Car-free Streets

Fair Fares Chicagoland

Chicago Streets for Cycling Plan 2020

Improving the Chicago Lakefront Trail

Transit Future
Deal barracks bombing
The Deal barracks bombing was an attack by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) on the Royal Marine Depot, Deal, England. It took place at 8:22 am on 22 September 1989, when the IRA exploded a time bomb at the Royal Marines School of Music building. The building collapsed, killing 11 marines from the Royal Marines Band Service and wounding another 21.

Royal Marines Band Service
The Royal Marines Band Service is the musical wing of the Royal Navy and an independent element of the Royal Marines. It currently consists of five military bands plus a training wing – the Royal Marines School of Music at HMS Nelson – and its headquarters is at HMS Excellent, Whale Island, Portsmouth.
American Splendor (ship)
American Splendor, formerly America, is an overnight riverboat built by Chesapeake Shipbuilding in Salisbury, Maryland for American Cruise Lines (ACL) for overnight river cruising on the Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, and Cumberland rivers in the United States.  American Splendor replaced  the paddle wheeler American Pride  on the Mississippi River in 2016 when that ship was repositioned to the Columbia River.  According to American Cruise lines, American Splendor will have "features never seen before on a riverboat". American Splendor is slightly larger than previous ACL riverboats with a 185-passenger capacity.  The ship's hull was launched on August 7, 2015, and moved to a basin where construction of the upper decks and outfitting will take place.

Chesapeake Shipbuilding
Chesapeake Shipbuilding is a shipbuilding company, based in Salisbury, Maryland, United States, since 1980, on the site of the former Roberts Shipyard. They are capable of constructing vessels up to 450 feet in length on the 13 acre yard.  The yard includes 2,000 feet (670 yd) of deepwater bulkhead along the Wicomico River. The company was contracted in 2022 to build 12 new hybrid catamaran cruise ships for United States waters. In addition to cruise ships, the company also builds tug boats.
Railway Protection Force
The Railway Protection Force (RPF) is a security force in India under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. The force was established by the RPF Act, 1957, enacted by the Indian Parliament for "the better protection and security of railway property and passenger area". It has the power to search, arrest, enquire, and prosecute offenses committed under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 and the Railways Act, 1989 (amended from time to time). RPF has also been entrusted with the responsibility of security of railway passenger area and railway passengers since 2004. However the power of arrests under other penal laws rests in the hands of the Government Railway Police (GRP) of each state.

Currently, Sonali Mishra (IPS) is Director General of Railway Protection Force.

Ministry of Railways (India)
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The Indian Railways is the rail network operated and administered by the Railway Board constituted by the ministry. The ministry along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi. It is headed by the Minister of Railways. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is one of the world's largest employers.
Cyclomatic number
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the cyclomatic number, circuit rank, cycle rank, corank or nullity of an undirected graph is the minimum number of  edges that must be removed from the graph to break all its cycles, making it into a tree or forest.

The concept was introduced and called the cyclomatic number by Gustav Kirchhoff.

Cycle basis
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a cycle basis of an undirected graph is a set of simple cycles that forms a basis of the cycle space of the graph. That is, it is a minimal set of cycles that allows every even-degree subgraph to be expressed as a symmetric difference of basis cycles.

A fundamental cycle basis may be formed from any spanning tree or spanning forest of the given graph, by selecting the cycles formed by the combination of a path in the tree and a single edge outside the tree. Alternatively, if the edges of the graph have positive weights, the minimum weight cycle basis may be constructed in polynomial time.

In planar graphs, the set of bounded cycles of an embedding of the graph forms a cycle basis. The minimum weight cycle basis of a planar graph corresponds to the Gomory–Hu tree of the dual graph.
Earl T. Ricks
Earl T. Ricks (July 9, 1908 – January 4, 1954) was a senior officer of the United States Air National Guard who served as deputy chief of the National Guard Bureau, chief of the Air Force Division, National Guard Bureau (1950–1954), and acting chief of the National Guard Bureau. His four months as acting bureau chief made him the first Air National Guard officer to hold the position.

Arkansas National Guard
The Arkansas National Guard (ARNG), commonly known as the Arkansas Guard, is a component of the Government of Arkansas and the National Guard of the United States. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. The adjutant general's office is located at Camp Robinson MTC, North Little Rock.
Natara
The Natara (Russian: Натара) is a river in Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. It is a tributary of the Lena, having a length of 187 kilometres (116 mi) and a drainage basin area of 5,730 square kilometres (2,210 sq mi). There are no settlements in its basin.

Lena River
The Lena is a river in the Russian Far East and is the easternmost river of the three great rivers of Siberia which flow into the Arctic Ocean, the others being Ob and Yenisey. The Lena River is 4,294 km (2,668 mi) long and has a capacious drainage basin of 2,490,000 km2 (960,000 mi2); thus the Lena is the eleventh-longest river in the world and the longest river entirely within Russia. Geographically, permafrost underlies all the Lena River's catchment and it is continuous in over 75 percent of the basin.