hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mass deacidification
Mass deacidification is a term used in library and information science as one possible measure against the degradation of paper in old books, the so-called "slow fires". The goal of the process is to increase the pH of acidic paper. Although acid-free paper has become more common, a large body of acidic paper still exists in books made after the 1850s; this is because of its cheaper and simpler production methods. Acidic paper, especially when exposed to light, air pollution, or high relative humidity, yellows and becomes brittle over time. During mass deacidification an alkaline agent is deposited in the paper to neutralize existing acid and prevent further decay. Mass deacidification is intended for objects on acidic paper that will be lost if no action is performed.

Double Fold
Double Fold: Libraries and the Assault on Paper is a non-fiction book by Nicholson Baker that was published in April 2001. An excerpt appeared in the July 24, 2000 issue of The New Yorker, under the title "Deadline: The Author's Desperate Bid to Save America's Past". The work details Baker's project to uncover what happened to the thousands of books and newspapers that were replaced during the microfilming boom of the 1980s and 1990s. Double Fold has been a controversial work and Baker states in the preface that it is not meant to be objective: "This isn't an impartial piece of reporting" (p. x). The New York Times characterized the book as a "blistering, and thoroughly idiosyncratic, exposé."
Ojeda Beach
Ojeda Beach (Bulgarian: бряг Охеда, romanized: bryag Oheda, IPA: [ˈbrʲak oˈxɛdɐ]) is the ice-free beach extending 730 m on the southeast coast of South Bay, Hurd Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is bounded by Hespérides Point to the north, Hesperides Hill and Atlantic Club Ridge to the east, and Boeritsa Point to the south.  The beach was possibly visited by early 19th century sealers frequenting the nearby Johnsons Dock.

The feature is named after Miguel Ángel Ojeda Cárdenes, manager of the Spanish Antarctic logistics and base commander at Juan Carlos I base during several seasons, for his support for the Bulgarian Antarctic programme.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Livo, Lombardy
Livo (Comasco: Liv [ˈliːf]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Como, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 212 and an area of 32.5 km².

Livo borders the following municipalities: Cama (Switzerland), Domaso, Dosso del Liro, Gordona, Peglio, Samolaco, Vercana.

Gordona
Gordona is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,770 and an area of 49.0 square kilometres (18.9 sq mi).

Gordona borders the following municipalities: Cama (Switzerland), Livo, Lostallo (Switzerland), Menarola, Mese, Prata Camportaccio, Samolaco, Verdabbio (Switzerland).
Bounkiling
Bounkiling is a town of commune status in the Sédhiou Region of Senegal. It is the capital of the Bounkiling Department. The population in 2013 was 6,416, an increase from the 2,651 counted in 2002.

The town lies on the important N4 road, the Trans-Gambia Highway linking Kaolack to Ziguinchor.

Communes of Senegal
The Communes of Senegal are the fourth-level administrative divisions in Senegal (below country, region and department). There are some 121 communes in Senegal which have urban status (communes de ville), apart from 46 communes d'arrondissement in the large towns and 370 rural communities (communautés rurales) in the countryside.
Friedrich Egon von Fürstenberg
Friedrich Egon von Fürstenberg (8 October 1813 – 20 August 1892) was a prelate of the Catholic Church who was archbishop of Olomouc from 1853 until his death almost forty years later. He was made a cardinal in 1879. By birth, he was member of the collateral branch of the House of Fürstenberg.

Archdiocese of Olomouc
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Olomouc (Czech: Metropolitní Arcidiecéze olomoucká, Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Olomucensis) is a metropolitan archdiocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in the Czech Republic. It has its seat in Olomouc.
Fichtelberg
The Fichtelberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪçtl̩bɛʁk] ⓘ) is a mountain with two main peaks in the middle of the Ore Mountains in the east German state of Saxony, near the Czech border. At 1,214.6 m (3,985 ft) above sea level, the Fichtelberg is the highest mountain in Saxony, the second highest in the Ore Mountains and was formerly the highest mountain in East Germany. Its subpeak is 1,206 m (3,957 ft) high.

Oberwiesenthal
Oberwiesenthal (German: [oːbɐˈviːzn̩taːl] ⓘ; officially Kurort Oberwiesenthal) is a town and a ski resort in the district of Erzgebirgskreis in Saxony in Germany. It is situated in the Ore Mountains, on the border with the Czech Republic, 19 km south of Annaberg-Buchholz, and 23 km northeast of Karlovy Vary. At 914 metres (2,999 ft), it is the highest town in Germany. The Olympic and World Championships goldmedalist in ski jumping Jens Weißflog competed for SC Tractor Oberwiesenthal and Oberwiesenthaler SV.
Lucas Martins
Lucas Martins (born 11 November 1988) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who competes in the lightweight division of Brave Combat Federation, where he is a former interim lightweight champion. A professional mixed martial artist since 2011, Martins has also competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

2023 in Brave Combat Federation
The year 2023 was the 8th year in the history of the Brave Combat Federation, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Bahrain. For 2023, besides its own channels Brave CF announced official distribution partnerships with DAZN and Fight Network, to broadcast the promotion's Pay-per-view events.
WBWH-LP
WBWH-LP is a low-power FM radio station operating at 96.1 MHz in Bluffton, Ohio.  It is the campus and community radio station owned and operated by Bluffton University. WBWH-LP offers a diversified programming schedule geared to university students and the residents of Bluffton. Its power output of 66 watts serves the community of Bluffton exclusively. WBWH-LP broadcasts many of the athletic events on campus, including football, volleyball, basketball, and baseball games. The call letters WBWH-LP stand for Beavers With Headphones-a tribute to the Bluffton mascot, which is a beaver.

Bluffton, Ohio
Bluffton, originally known as Shannon, is a village in Allen and Hancock counties in the U.S. state of Ohio.  The population was 3,967 at the 2020 census. Bluffton is home to Bluffton University, a four-year educational institution affiliated with Mennonite Church USA. Bluffton is served by the Bluffton general aviation airport. Bluffton participates in the Tree City USA program.

The Allen County portion of Bluffton is part of the Lima, Ohio metropolitan area, while the Hancock County portion is part of the Findlay Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Direct methanol fuel cell
Direct methanol fuel cells or DMFCs are a subcategory of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells in which methanol is used as the fuel and a special proton-conducting polymer as the membrane (PEM). Their main advantage is in their low temperature operations and the ease of the transport of methanol, an energy-dense yet reasonably stable liquid at all environmental conditions.

Whilst the thermodynamic theoretical energy conversion efficiency of a DMFC is 97%; as of 2014 the achievable energy conversion efficiency for operational cells attains 30% – 40%. There is intensive research on promising approaches to increase the operational efficiency.

A more efficient version of a direct fuel cell would play a key role in the theoretical use of methanol as a general energy transport medium, in the hypothesized methanol economy.

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), also known as polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, are a type of fuel cell being developed mainly for transport applications, as well as for stationary fuel-cell applications and portable fuel-cell applications. Their distinguishing features include lower temperature/pressure ranges (50 to 100 °C) and a special proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane. PEMFCs generate electricity and operate on the opposite principle to PEM electrolysis, which consumes electricity. They are a leading candidate to replace the aging alkaline fuel-cell technology, which was used in the Space Shuttle.
Chrono (series)
The Chrono (Japanese: クロノ, Hepburn: Kurono) series is a video game franchise developed and published by Square, and is currently owned by Square Enix. The series began in 1995 with the time travel role-playing video game Chrono Trigger, which spawned two continuations, Radical Dreamers: Nusumenai Hōseki, and Chrono Cross. A promotional anime called Dimensional Adventure Numa Monjar and two ports of Chrono Trigger were also produced. As of March 31, 2003, Chrono Trigger was Square Enix's 12th best-selling game, with 2.65 million units shipped. Chrono Cross was the 24th, with 1.5 million units shipped. By 2019, the two games had sold over 5.5 million units combined. The games in the series have been called some of the greatest of all time, with most of the praise going towards Chrono Trigger. The series' original soundtracks, composed by Yasunori Mitsuda, have also been praised, with multiple soundtracks being released for them.

Characters of Chrono Trigger
This is a listing of notable characters from the video game Chrono Trigger, a  role-playing video game released in 1995 by Square Co. (now Square Enix) for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System video game console. In keeping with the time travel theme of the game's storyline, the characters hail from different eras of a fictional history, ranging from prehistory to a post-apocalyptic future.
Tony O'Shea
Tony O'Shea  (born 9 May 1961) is an English professional darts player. His squat figure has resulted in the nickname "Silverback". O'Shea has reached the finals of seven British Darts Organisation (BDO) major darts tournaments, but never won one. He also acted as a regular commentator for televised BDO coverage.

Jim Williams (darts player)
Jim Williams (born 27 July 1984) is a Welsh professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He won his first PDC ranking title at 2022 Players Championship 6.

Williams previously competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) tournaments. He won the 2019 BDO World Trophy and finished as the runner-up at the 2020 BDO World Championship.
Finch Field
Finch Field is a baseball venue in Thomasville, North Carolina, United States. It is owned and operated by the City of Thomasville and is directly managed by the Thomasville Parks and Recreation Department. It is home to the High Point-Thomasville HiToms of the Coastal Plain League, a collegiate summer baseball league.  The park was built in 1935 and has been renovated in 2002, 2005, and 2007.

The park's dimensions are 325 ft. down the left field line, 350 ft. to left center, 390 ft. to dead center field, 365 ft. to right center, and 330 ft. down the right field line.

Thomasville, North Carolina
Thomasville is a city in Davidson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 27,183 at the 2020 census. The city was once notable for its furniture industry, as were its neighbors High Point and Lexington. This Piedmont Triad community was established in 1852 and hosts the state's oldest festival, "Everybody's Day".
Royal Air Maroc
Royal Air Maroc (RAM, French: [ʁwajal ɛːʁ maʁɔk]; Arabic: الخطوط الملكية المغربية, romanised: al-Khuṭūṭu l-Malakiyyatu l-Maghribiyyah, lit. 'Royal Moroccan [Air]Lines') is the Moroccan national carrier, as well as the country's largest airline, ranking among the largest in Africa.

RAM is wholly owned by the Moroccan Government, and has its headquarters on the grounds of Casablanca-Anfa Airport. It joined the Oneworld alliance in 2020.

From its base at Mohammed V International Airport, the carrier operates a domestic network in Morocco, scheduled international flights to Africa, Asia, Europe, and North and South America, and occasional charter flights that include Hajj services. As of November 2023, the airline serves 45 countries and 134 routes.

ATR 42
The ATR 42 is a regional airliner produced by Franco-Italian manufacturer ATR, with final assembly in Toulouse, France.

On 4 November 1981, the aircraft was launched with ATR, as a joint venture between French Aérospatiale (now part of Airbus) and Aeritalia (now Leonardo S.p.A.).
The ATR 42-300 performed its maiden flight on 16 August 1984 and type certification was granted during September 1985.
Launch customer Air Littoral operated its first revenue-earning flight in December of that year.

The high-wing airliner is powered by two turboprop engines, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120s.
The number "42" in its name is derived from the aircraft's original standard seating capacity of 42 passengers.

Later variants are upgraded with new avionics, a glass cockpit, and newer engine versions.
The ATR 42 is the basis for the stretched ATR 72, introduced in October 1989.
Saryagash District
Saryagash (Kazakh: Сарыағаш ауданы, Saryağaş audany) is a district of Turkistan Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Saryagash. Population: 303,019 (2013 estimate); 272,693 (2009 census results); 212,848 (1999 census results).

Turkistan Region
Turkistan Region, formerly known as South Kazakhstan Region from 1992 to 2018 and Chimkent Region from 1963 to 1991, is the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, bordering Uzbekistan. It had a population of 2,088,510 as of the 2022 Kazakhstan census.

The region's capital is Turkistan, formerly Shymkent until 2018. Other cities in the region include Sayram, Kentau, Arys, Shardara, Zhetisai, Saryagash, and Lenger.
Hachigata Castle
Hachigata Castle (鉢形城, Hachigata-jō) was a Sengoku period Japanese castle, located in the town of Yorii, Saitama Prefecture, in the Kantō region of Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 1932.

Later Hōjō clan
The Later Hōjō clan (Japanese: 後北条氏, Hepburn: Go-Hōjō-shi) was one of the most powerful samurai families in Japan in the Sengoku period and held domains primarily in the Kantō region. Their last name was simply Hōjō (北条), but were called "Later Hōjō" to differentiate between the earlier Hōjō clan who had the same name and mon, even though it was not their official family name.
Dickabram Bridge
Dickabram Bridge is a heritage-listed road-and-rail bridge over the Mary River between Miva and Theebine, both in the Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. It was the major bridge on the Kingaroy railway line. It was designed by Henry Charles Stanley and built from 1885 to 1886 by Messrs Michael McDermott, Owens & Co. It is also known as Mary River Bridge (Miva). The bridge was registered on the former Register of the National Estate in 1988.

The bridge is one of three remaining road-and-rail bridges in Australia and the only one in  South East Queensland following the completion of the Burdekin Bridge in 1957. It is the oldest remaining large steel truss bridge constructed in Queensland.

Theebine
Theebine is a rural town and locality split between the Gympie Region and the Fraser Coast Region, both in Queensland,  Australia.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Theebine had a population of 145 people.
152nd Punjabis
The 152nd Punjabis was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army.  It was formed in Mesopotamia and Palestine in May 1918, saw service in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War, and was disbanded in September 1921.

60th (2/2nd London) Division
The 60th (2/2nd London) Division was an infantry division of the British Army raised during World War I. It was the second line-formation of the 47th (1/2nd London) Division, and was the second of two such Territorial Force divisions formed from the surplus of London recruits in 1914.

The divisional insignia was a bee.
LaPorte County, Indiana
LaPorte County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 112,417. The county seat is the city of La Porte, and the largest city is Michigan City. This county is part of the Northwest Indiana and Michiana regions of the Chicago metropolitan area. The LaPorte County Courthouse is located in the county seat of La Porte and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

South Shore Line
The South Shore Line (reporting mark NICD) is an electrically powered commuter rail line operated by the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (NICTD) between Millennium Station in downtown Chicago, Illinois, and the South Bend Airport station in South Bend, Indiana, United States. The name refers to both the physical line and the service operated over that route. It primarily serves the Indiana portion of the Chicago metropolitan area.

The line was built in 1901–1908 by predecessors of the Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad, which continues to operate freight service. Passenger operation was assumed by the NICTD in 1989, who also purchased the track in 1990. The South Shore Line is one of the last surviving non-Amtrak interurban trains in the United States. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 2,029,900, or about 6,300 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Actinastrum
Actinastrum is a genus of freshwater green algae. It was first described by Gustaf Lagerheim in 1882. Members of the genus are commonly found in eutrophic freshwater ponds and lakes, and have a cosmopolitan distribution.

Traditionally, Actinastrum was placed within the family Coelastraceae based on morphology (spherical, three-dimensional colonies and reproduction by autospores). However, molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the type species Actinastrum hantzschii is closely related to Chlorella, another autospore-forming genus in the family Chlorellaceae.

Chlorellaceae
Chlorellaceae are a family of green algae in the order Chlorellales. About 250 species are currently accepted in the family. Members of the family are distributed worldwide and are common in a variety of freshwater, terrestrial and marine environments.

Members of the family Chlorellaceae are important ecologically, mainly as primary producers. Algae such as Chlorella are important model organisms for plant physiology and biochemistry, because of they are easy to cultivate and grow rapidly. Additionally, many members are rich in lipids, carbohydrates and vitamins, making them of interest in the field of biotechnology. Meanwhile, genera such as Prototheca are of clinical significance as pathogens of humans and other animals.
Trevor Harding
Trevor Harding is a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Faro in the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 1992 to 2001.

A member of the Yukon New Democratic Party, he served as the party's interim leader in 2000 following the resignation of Piers McDonald. Following his stint as the party's interim leader, he resigned from the legislature and was succeeded by Jim McLachlan of the Yukon Liberal Party in a by-election.

Following his retirement from politics, Harding moved to Calgary, Alberta and launched Zero Gravity, a marketing and communications company.

Jim McLachlan
James Robert McLachlan is a former Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Faro in the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 1985 to 1989 and from 2001 to 2002. He was a member of the Yukon Liberal Party, and the party's leader from 1986 to 1989.

He became the party's interim leader after the resignation of Roger Coles due to criminal charges.
Odo of Vitry
Odo of Vitry (Eudes) (died 1158) was a French nobleman.  Count of Rethel and Châtelain de Vitry.  His parentage is unclear.  It is sometimes stated that he was a son of André, castellan of Vitré and of Agnès de Mortain, but this appears to be based on a confusion between Vitré in Brittany and Vitry in Champagne. On the death of his brother-in-law, Gervase, he received the county of Rethel.

Odo was married to Matilda (d. 1151), the eldest daughter of Hugh I, Count of Rethel.  They had at least four children:

Guitier of Rethel

Unnamed daughter who married Etienne Strabo de Neufchâtel-sur Aisne

Unnamed daughter who married a lord of Henalmont

Yvette, who married first a Milo and second Villian d'Arzillières.

From 1124 until his wife's death in 1151, he ruled Rethel jointly with her.  After her death, he ruled alone.  Odo died in 1158, and was succeeded by his son Guitier.

Counts and dukes of Rethel
The first rulers of Rethel might have governed under the Abbey of Saint-Remi and later independently, before the county passed first to the counts of Nevers, then to the counts of Flanders, and finally to the dukes of Burgundy. In 1405 the county became part of the peerage of France, and in 1581 it was elevated to a duchy. In 1663 it became the Duchy of Mazarin.

The county was active in the crusades. King Baldwin II of Jerusalem was the brother of Count Gervais and Countess Matilda of Rethel, while Beatrice of Rethel married Leo I, Prince of Armenia.
Petar Naumoski
Petar "Pece" Naumoski (Macedonian: Петар "Пеце" Наумоски; born 27 August 1968) is a former Macedonian professional basketball player. At a height of 1.95 m (6'4 3⁄4") tall, and a weight of 95 kg (210 lbs.). He played mainly at the point guard position during his career, but he could also play as a shooting guard and a small forward. He was a very skillful play maker. In his pro playing career, he had some quite successful years, while playing in Turkey and Italy.

FIBA Saporta Cup
The FIBA Saporta Cup, founded as FIBA European Cup Winners Cup, was the name of the second-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, where the domestic National Cup winners, from all over Europe, played against each other. The competition was organized by FIBA Europe. It was named after the late Raimundo Saporta, a former Real Madrid director.
Bristol Bulldog
The Bristol Bulldog is a British Royal Air Force single-seat biplane fighter designed during the 1920s by the Bristol Aeroplane Company.  More than 400 Bulldogs were produced for the RAF and overseas customers, and it was one of the most famous aircraft used by the RAF during the inter-war period.

Bristol Jupiter
The Bristol Jupiter is a British nine-cylinder single-row piston radial engine that was built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company. Originally designed late in World War I and known as the Cosmos Jupiter, a lengthy series of upgrades and developments turned it into one of the finest engines of its era.

The Jupiter was widely used on many aircraft designs during the 1920s and 1930s. Thousands of Jupiters of all versions were produced, both by Bristol and abroad under licence.

A turbo-supercharged version of the Jupiter known as the Orion suffered development problems and only a small number were produced. The "Orion" name was later re-used by Bristol for an unrelated turboprop engine.

The Bristol Jupiter was licensed by the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-22.