hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Justin Tkatchenko
Justin Wayne Tkatchenko, CBE BEM (born 2 June 1972) is an Australian and Papua New Guinean politician. He currently served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Papua New Guinea since 18 January 2024. Tkatchenko has previously served in the role from 23 June 2022 to 12 May 2023.

Minister for Foreign Affairs (Papua New Guinea)
The Minister for Foreign Affairs is a cabinet minister in Papua New Guinea who is responsible for the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. In recent years, the Foreign Affairs portfolio has been increasingly tied to the Trade portfolio, and as such recent ministers are generally known as the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade.
Woodland Public Library
The Woodland Public Library is the oldest, and one of the last functioning Carnegie-funded libraries in California. It is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a contributing property of the Downtown Woodland Historic District.

Downtown Woodland Historic District
The Downtown Woodland Historic District is a historic district in Woodland, California. The district encompasses roughly 370 acres (1.5 km2) and 59 contributing buildings. It is a California Historical Landmark and is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.
Sky Lake, Florida
Sky Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) and an unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,153 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Orlando-Kissimmee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Greater Orlando
The Orlando metropolitan area (officially, for U.S. census purposes, the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida metropolitan statistical area, MSA) is an inland metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Florida. Its principal cities are Orlando, Kissimmee, and Sanford. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget defines it as consisting of the counties of Lake, Orange (including Orlando), Osceola, and Seminole.

According to the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Greater Orlando is 2,673,376, an increase of nearly 540,000 new residents between 2010 and 2020.

By population, it is the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida, the seventh-largest in the Southeastern United States, and the 22nd-largest in the United States. The MSA encompasses 4,012 square miles (10,400 km2) of total area (both land and water areas).
Irreligion in Bangladesh
Irreligion in Bangladesh is rare and uncommon. A Gallup survey conducted between 2014 and 2015 found that approximately less than 1% identified as convinced atheists in the poll. Bangladesh has 165.2 million people as of the 2022 census.

Avijit Roy
Avijit Roy (Bengali: অভিজিৎ রায়; 12 September 1972 – 26 February 2015) was a Bangladeshi-American engineer, online activist, writer, and blogger known for creating and administrating the Mukto-Mona, an Internet blogging community for Bangladeshi freethinkers, rationalists, skeptics, atheists, and humanists. Roy was an advocate of free expression in Bangladesh and coordinated international protests against government censorship and imprisonment of atheist bloggers. He was killed by machete-wielding assailants in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on 26 February 2015; the Islamic militant organization Ansarullah Bangla Team claimed responsibility for the attack.
WTVY (TV)
WTVY (channel 4) is a television station in Dothan, Alabama, United States, affiliated with CBS. It is owned by Gray Media alongside low-power dual NBC/CW+ affiliate WRGX-LD (channel 23). The two stations share studios on North Foster Street in downtown Dothan; WTVY's transmitter is located in Bethlehem, Florida (in the Panama City market).

WTVY is used to provide full-market over-the-air coverage of WRGX-LD1 (simulcast over WTVY-DT4) and WRGX-LD2 (simulcast over WTVY-DT3); however, these simulcasts are not presently in high definition.

WDFX-TV
WDFX-TV (channel 34) is a television station licensed to Ozark, Alabama, United States, serving as the Fox affiliate for the Dothan area. Owned by Lockwood Broadcast Group, the station has studios on Ross Clark Circle (AL 210/US 231) in Dothan, and its transmitter is located in unincorporated Wicksburg.
Michaelhouse, Cambridge
Michaelhouse is a former college of the University of Cambridge, that existed between 1323 and 1546, when it was merged with King's Hall to form Trinity College. Michaelhouse was the second residential college to be founded, after Peterhouse (1284). Though King's Hall was established earlier in 1317, it did not acquire actual premises until its re-foundation by Edward III in 1336. The name Michaelhouse is now used for St Michael's Church.

Hervey de Stanton
Hervey de Stanton (or Staunton) (1260 – November 1327) was an English judge (serving both as Chief Justice of the King's Bench and as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas) and Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Dževad Karahasan
Dževad Karahasan (25 January 1953 – 19 May 2023) was a Bosnian writer, essayist and philosopher. Karahasan was awarded the Herder Prize and Goethe Medal for his writings.

In 2020, the city of Frankfurt awarded him the Goethe Prize.

Arbos – Company for Music and Theatre
ARBOS – Company for Music and Theatre in Vienna, Salzburg and Klagenfurt, is a society specialized in the realisation of new forms of theatre especially of projects for contemporary new music theatre, scenic concerts, theatre for young people, theatre concerts, deaf theatre, directed space, theatrical exhibitions and other forms of the arts (crossover projects).
European Cyclists' Federation
The European Cyclists' Federation (ECF) is a non-profit member-based umbrella federation of local, regional and national civil society organisations that promote cycling for both transportation and leisure.

ECF has around 70 member organisations across more than 40 countries that it represents at the European level and internationally. ECF’s activities include conducting cycling advocacy and research, providing tools and resources, developing the EuroVelo network and organising the Velo-city conference series.

Based in Brussels and founded in 1983, ECF’s slogan is “more and better cycling for all.” In 2013 they founded the World Cycling Alliance.

Cycling club
A cycling club or cycling organisation is a society for cyclists. Clubs tend to be mostly local, and can be general or specialised. They can focus on cycle racing and/or cycling as a means of transport (utility cycling). In the United Kingdom, for example, the Cyclists' Touring Club, (CTC) is a national cycling association; the Tricycle Association, Tandem Club and the Veterans Time Trial Association, for those over 40, are specialist clubs. Members of specialist or national groups often also belong to local clubs.

Other groups support leisure cyclists or campaign for improved facilities for cyclists. The London Cycling Campaign, Friends of the Earth, and Greenwich Cyclists are examples of campaign groups.
Inveruno
Inveruno (Lombard: Inverun [ĩʋeˈrỹː] or Invrugn [ĩˈʋryɲ] is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Milan.

Inveruno borders the following municipalities: Buscate, Busto Garolfo, Arconate, Casorezzo, Cuggiono, Ossona, Mesero.

Mesero
Mesero (Italian: [ˈmeːzero]; Milanese: Mesar [ˈmeːzar]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Milan.

Mesero borders the following municipalities: Inveruno, Cuggiono, Ossona, Marcallo con Casone, Bernate Ticino.
Queenston Stakes
The Queenston Stakes is a Canadian Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario. Run in early May, the stakes race is open to three-year-old horses who were foaled in the Province of Ontario. Raced over a distance of seven furlongs on Polytrack synthetic dirt, it currently offers a purse of $150,000.

The Queenston Stakes was first run in 1956 at Fort Erie Racetrack in Fort Erie, Ontario as a 5+1⁄2 furlong sprint race. From 1976 through 1979 the race was hosted by Greenwood Raceway then in 1980 it was moved to Woodbine Racetrack. Since inception, it has been run at various distances:

5 furlongs :  1958, 1961

5.5 furlongs : 1956-1957, 1959

6 furlongs : 1960, 1962-1975

6.5 furlongs : 1976

7 furlongs : 1977–present

The race was run in two divisions in 1960, 1961, and 1976.

Woodbine Racetrack
Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track, as well as a seven-eights turf course. It has been extensively remodeled since 1993, and since 1994 has had three racecourses.
Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Portsmouth is a city in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. It had a population of 21,956 at the 2020 census. A historic seaport and popular summer tourist destination on the Piscataqua River bordering the state of Maine, Portsmouth was formerly the home of the Pease Air Force Base, since converted to Portsmouth International Airport at Pease.

Strawbery Banke
Strawbery Banke is an outdoor history museum located in the South End historic district of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. It is the oldest neighborhood in New Hampshire to be settled by Europeans, and the earliest neighborhood remaining in the present-day city of Portsmouth. It features more than 37 restored buildings built between the 17th and 19th centuries in the Colonial, Georgian, and Federal style architectures. The buildings once clustered around a waterway known as Puddle Dock, which was filled in around 1900. Today the former waterway appears as a large open space.
Aquatics at the 2019 SEA Games
Aquatics at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games are being held from 26 November to 10 December 2019.

Diving, swimming, and water polo events take place at the New Clark City Aquatics Center within New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac. Water polo events were held from 26 November to 1 December 2019, while diving and swimming events were held from 4 to 9 December 2019. The open water (swimming) event will take place on 10 December 2019 at the Hanjin Boat Terminal, Cubi Point along Subic Bay in Morong, Bataan.

Water polo at the 2019 SEA Games
The water polo competitions at the 2019 SEA Games took place at the New Clark City Aquatics Center, New Clark City, Capas, Tarlac, Philippines. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with diving, swimming, and open water swimming. The 2019 Games featured one water polo competition each for men's teams and women's teams.

The next water polo competition was in 2023 because it was not part of the 2021 SEA Games.
Deep River Freight Station
The Deep River Freight Station is a historic railroad depot at 152 River Street in Deep River, Connecticut.  Built in 1915 by the  New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (NYNH&H), it is one of two surviving early 20th century stations on the southern end of the former Connecticut Valley Railroad (CVR) line.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 21, 1994.  It is now a station on the Valley Railroad, a heritage steam railroad.

Deep River, Connecticut
Deep River is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 4,415 at the 2020 census. The town center is designated by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). Deep River is part of what the locals call the "Tri-town Area", made up of the towns of Deep River, Chester, and Essex.
Princess María Cristina of Orléans
María Cristina de Orléans (born Marie Christine d'Orléans; 29 October 1852 – 28 April 1879)  was one of the daughters of Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier, a son of King Louis Philippe I, and Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain, the youngest daughter of Ferdinand VII of Spain. María Cristina was raised in Seville, and given her father's close relationship with the Spanish Royal Family, she and her siblings were awarded the title of Infante and Infanta of Spain. She died at the age of 26 from tuberculosis.

Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier (Antoine Marie Philippe Louis d'Orléans; 31 July 1824 – 4 February 1890), was a member of the House of Orléans. He was the youngest son of King Louis Philippe I and his wife Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies. He was styled as the Duke of Montpensier.
Hypotrochoid
In geometry, a hypotrochoid is a roulette traced by a point attached to a circle of radius r rolling around the inside of a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is a distance d from the center of the interior circle.

The parametric equations for a hypotrochoid are:

where θ is the angle formed by the horizontal and the center of the rolling circle (these are not polar equations because θ is not the polar angle). When measured in radians, θ takes values from 0 to  (where LCM is least common multiple).

Special cases include the hypocycloid with d = r and the ellipse with R = 2r and d ≠ r.  The eccentricity of the ellipse is

becoming 1 when  (see Tusi couple).

The classic Spirograph toy traces out hypotrochoid and epitrochoid curves.

Hypotrochoids describe the support of the eigenvalues of some random matrices with cyclic correlations.

Tusi couple
The Tusi couple (also known as Tusi's mechanism) is a mathematical device in which a small circle rotates inside a larger circle twice the diameter of the smaller circle.  Rotations of the circles cause a point on the circumference of the smaller circle to oscillate back and forth in linear motion along a diameter of the larger circle. The Tusi couple is a two-cusped hypocycloid.

The couple was first proposed by the 13th-century Persian astronomer and mathematician Nasir al-Din al-Tusi in his 1247 Tahrir al-Majisti (Commentary on the Almagest) as a solution for the latitudinal motion of the inferior planets and later used extensively as a substitute for the equant introduced over a thousand years earlier in Ptolemy's Almagest.
Jack Fritscher
John Joseph Fritscher (born June 20, 1939) is an American author, university professor, historian, and social activist known internationally for his fiction, erotica, and nonfiction analyses of pop culture and gay male culture. An activist prior to the Stonewall riots, he was an out and founding member of the Journal of Popular Culture. Fritscher became highly influential as editor of Drummer magazine.

Samuel Steward
Samuel Morris Steward (July 23, 1909 – December 31, 1993), also known as Phil Andros, Phil Sparrow, was an American  tattoo artist and pornographer.

Throughout his life, he kept extensive secret diaries, journals, and statistics of his sex life. He lived most of his adult life in Chicago, where he tattooed sailor-trainees from the U.S. Navy's Great Lakes Naval Training Station (as well as gang members and street people) out of a tattoo parlor on South State Street.  He later moved to the San Francisco Bay Area, where he spent the late 1960s as the official tattoo artist of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club.
Pérotin
Pérotin (fl. c. 1200) was a composer associated with the Notre Dame school of polyphony in Paris and the broader ars antiqua musical style of high medieval music. He is credited with developing the polyphonic practices of his predecessor Léonin, with the introduction of three and four-part harmonies.

Other than a brief mention by music theorist Johannes de Garlandia in his De Mensurabili Musica, virtually all information on Pérotin's life comes from Anonymous IV, a pseudonymous English student who probably studied in Paris. Anonymous IV names seven titles from a Magnus Liber—including Viderunt omnes, Sederunt principes and Alleluia Nativitas—that have been identified with surviving works and gives him the title Magister Perotinus (Pérotinus the Master), meaning he was licensed to teach. It is assumed that Perotinus was French and named Pérotin, a diminutive of Peter, but attempts to match him with persons in contemporary documents remain speculative.

Clausula (music)
The clausula (Latin for "little close” or “little conclusion"; plural clausulae) was a newly composed section of discant ("note against note") inserted into a pre-existing setting of organum. Clausulae flourished in the late twelfth and thirteenth centuries and were associated with the Notre Dame school. The origin of the clausula has long been subject of scholarly debate, as the relationship between clausulae and motets is very complicated. Clausulae eventually became used as substitutes for passages of original plainchant. They occur as melismatic figures based on a single word or syllable within an organum.
2024 Fast5 Netball World Series
The 2024 Fast5 Netball World Series was the 12th Fast5 Netball World Series. New Zealand hosted Australia, England, Jamaica, South Africa and Uganda in a series, played in November 2024, at Christchurch's Wolfbrook Arena. The series also featured a men's tournament. With a team coached by Anita Keelan and captained by Ruby Bakewell-Doran, Australia won their third successive series after defeating New Zealand 34–30 in the final. Uganda finished the series in third place after beating South Africa 46–42 in a play off. Earlier in the tournament, Uganda defeated both England and Jamaica. The series was broadcast live on 7plus in Australia, on Sky Sport in New Zealand, on SuperSport in South Africa, on SportsMax in the Caribbean and on NetballPass.

Fast5 Netball World Series
The Fast5 Netball World Series is an international Fast5 netball tournament organised by World Netball. The series features the top six national netball teams, according to the World Netball Rankings. Between 2009 and 2011 it was known as the World Netball Series. New Zealand won the inaugural series and were initially the competition's dominant team. Between 2009 and 2018, they won seven of the nine tournaments played. During the 2020s, Australia won three successive titles. Since 2022, the series has also featured a men's netball tournament.
Derek Lee Nixon
Derek Lee Nixon is an American actor and film producer. Born and raised in San Antonio, Texas, he gained notoriety in 2002 after starring in Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen's, When in Rome. He has also appeared in The Jerk Theory (with Tom Arnold, Jenna Dewan-Tatum, Josh Henderson); Butcher Boys, from Kim Henkel, the creator of Texas Chainsaw Massacre; and Outrage (with Michael Madsen, Natasha Lyonne, and Michael Berryman). He wrote, produced and starred in Hallettsville (with Gary Busey), beginning his career behind the camera.

Winston Churchill High School (San Antonio, Texas)
Winston Churchill High School in San Antonio, Texas is part of the North East Independent School District.  The school serves portions of the city of San Antonio along with the towns of Hill Country Village and Hollywood Park.  During 2022–2023, Churchill High School had an enrollment of 2,510 students and a student to teacher ratio of 15.74. For the 2024-2025 school year, the school was given a "C" by the Texas Education Agency, with distinctions for Academic Achievement in ELA/Reading and Mathematics.
Dissei
Dissei (Seil Rock) is an island in the Dahlak archipelago in the Red Sea, Eritrea.

It is the only mountainous island in the archipelago and one of the few inhabited. The seabed is rich in life and migratory fish, the coral is maintained up to 30 meters. However, the water is often cloudy due to the large presence of plankton. The population lives from fishing and the shell trade.

Dahlak Archipelago
The Dahlak Archipelago is an Eritrean island group located in the Red Sea, measuring around 643 square km (248 square miles) and lying roughly 58 kilometers (31 nautical miles, 36 miles) east of Massawa, the regional capital city.
Almondsbury
Almondsbury (English: /ˈɑːməndzbərɪ/) is a large village and civil parish in South Gloucestershire, England. It is situated on the A38 road in the Avon Green Belt 7 miles (11 km) north of Bristol city centre.  It is adjacent to junction 16 of the M5 motorway and Almondsbury Interchange, where the M4 and M5 cross. It is part of the Bristol Built-up Area.

The civil parish also includes the villages of Hortham, Gaunt's Earthcott, Over, Easter Compton, Compton Greenfield, Hallen and Berwick.

The village is split by a steep hill, part of the escarpment overlooking the Severn floodplain. At the bottom of the hill is Lower Almondsbury where a pub and hotel, The Bowl Inn, is situated. South Wales, the Forest of Dean, the River Severn and both Severn Bridges are visible from the higher parts of the village, which consists mainly of ribbon development along the A38 and has more of an urban characteristic.

Compton Greenfield
Compton Greenfield is a small hamlet of farms and spread out houses to the south west of Easter Compton, in South Gloucestershire. The parish church of All Saints is a Grade II* listed building.  It has a Norman arch in its porch, but the church was largely rebuilt in 1852 in the Neo-Norman style. The churchyard of All Saints is the final resting place of Sir George White founder of the Bristol Aeroplane Company and Sir John Francis Davis, second Governor of Hong Kong.
Federation of Expellees
The Federation of Expellees (German: Bund der Vertriebenen; BdV) is a non-profit organization formed in West Germany on 27 October 1957 to represent the interests of German nationals of all ethnicities and foreign ethnic Germans and their families (usually naturalised as German nationals after 1949) who either fled their homes in parts of Central and Eastern Europe, or were forcibly expelled following World War II.

Since 2014 the president of the Federation has been Bernd Fabritius, who arrived in West Germany in 1984 as a Transylvanian Saxon refugee from Agnita, Socialist Republic of Romania, and who has since been elected as a Christian Social Union in Bavaria Member of the Bundestag.

Deutsch-Baltische Gesellschaft
The Deutsch-Baltische Gesellschaft ("German-Baltic Society") is an organization which represents Baltic German refugees expelled from Estonia and Latvia during World War II and its aftermath. It was established in 1950 as the Deutsch-Baltische Landsmannschaft im Bundesgebiet.

The organization is based in Darmstadt, Hesse. Its youth organization is the Deutschbaltischer Jugend- und Studentenring.
Ketlen Souza
Ketlen Gabriela Da Silva Souza (born 18 August 1995) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who competes in the women's Strawweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). She previously competed in Invicta Fighting Championships where she is a former flyweight champion.

Yazmin Jauregui
Yazmin Yazareth Gutiérrez Jauregui (born February 28, 1999) is a Mexican professional mixed martial artist currently fighting in the women's Strawweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2018, Jauregui has also competed in Combate Global.
Madhavi Mudgal
Madhavi Mudgal is an Indian classical dancer known for her Odissi dance style. She has won several awards, including the Sanskriti Award, 1984, President of India's award of Padma Shri, 1990, the Orissa State Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, 1996, Grande Medaille de la Ville by Govt. of France, 1997, Central Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, 2000, Delhi State Parishad Samman, 2002 and the title of Nritya Choodamani in 2004.

Vinay Chandra Maudgalya
Vinay Chandra Maudgalya (1918 – 1995) was an Indian classical musician, vocalist and the founder of Gandharva Mahavidyalaya, a music and dance academy for the promotion of Hindustani music and Indian classical dances. He was a follower of Gwalior gharana. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1984.