hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hyperdescent
Hyperdescent is the practice of classifying a child of mixed race ancestry in the more socially dominant of the parents' races.

Hyperdescent is the opposite of hypodescent (the practice of classifying a child of mixed race ancestry in the more socially subordinate parental race). Both hyperdescent and hypodescent vary from, and may not be mutually exclusive with, other methods of determining lineage, such as patrilineality and matrilineality.

Patrilineality
Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is distinguished from cognate kinship which is through any combination of lineages, and from matrilineality which is through the mother's lineage, also called the spindle side, the distaff side or enatic kinship.

A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males.
Paul Carpenter (baseball)
Paul Calvin Carpenter (August 12, 1894 – March 14, 1968) was a minor league baseball player. He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1916 and was the designated replacement for Jigger Statz, playing for the Los Angeles Angels in the Pacific Coast League, in the 1940 season. He was the uncle of Woody English, who also played professional baseball.

Woody English
Elwood George English (March 2, 1906 – September 26, 1997) was an American professional baseball shortstop and third baseman. He played twelve seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 1927 and 1938 for the Chicago Cubs and Brooklyn Dodgers. His uncle Paul Carpenter also played professional baseball.
Pyramiden Heliport
Pyramiden Heliport (Norwegian: Pyramiden helikopterhavn; ICAO: ENPY) is a heliport located at Pyramiden in Svalbard, Norway. The airport is owned and operated by Arktikugol, who owns the mining town. The airport consists of a gravel runway and apron measuring 90 by 40 meters (300 by 130 ft) and a small terminal building. There is capacity for up to three helicopters on the apron. Flights are carried out by Spark+ using two Mil Mi-8 helicopters. Flights are flown to Barentsburg Heliport, Heerodden and Svalbard Airport, Longyear at irregular intervals.

The airport opened in 1961 to allow Aeroflot to commence flights between Barentsburg and Pyramiden using Mil Mi-4 aircraft. An upgrade was carried out in the late 1970s after the airport in Longyearbyen opened. By then five Mil Mi-8 were stationed on Svalbard. A crash during landing on 27 March 1991 killed two people. Flights were reduced during the 1990s and from 1998 Pyramiden was abandoned, reducing use of the heliport to a minimum.

Pyramiden
Pyramiden (Norwegian: [pʏrɑˈmîːdn̩]; Russian: Пирами́да, romanized: Piramída, IPA: [pʲɪrɐˈmʲidə]; literally 'The Pyramid') is an abandoned Soviet coal mining settlement on the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard which has become a tourist destination. Founded by Sweden in 1910 and sold to the Soviet Union in 1927, Pyramiden was closed in 1998 and has since remained largely abandoned with most of its infrastructure and buildings still in place, the cold climate preserving much of the infrastructure left behind.

Since 2007, there have been efforts to make it a tourist attraction; the town's hotel was renovated and reopened in 2013. In the summer, there is a population of six caretakers.
Enshi Grand Canyon
Enshi Grand Canyon (Chinese: 恩施大峡谷) is a natural scenic spot in Enshi, Hubei, China. It is located in the Qing River Basin, adjacent to the world's deepest sinkhole Xiaozhai Tiankeng. The total length of the canyon is about 35 kilometers, and almost all kinds of forms of karst landforms can be found, including cliffs, peak pillars, sinkholes, solutional caves, natural arches, subterranean rivers, hanging valleys, etc., constituting a rare three-dimensional karst landform. The Enshi Grand Canyon is under the management of the Enshi Grand Canyon Scenic Area Management Office, Enshi Mufu Office.

Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 恩施土家族苗族自治州; pinyin: Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu) is located in the mountainous southwestern corner of Hubei province, People's Republic of China. It forms Hubei's southwestern "panhandle", bordering on Hunan in the south and Chongqing Municipality in the west and northwest. The Yangtze River crosses the prefecture's northeastern corner in Badong County.
Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of Pathanamthitta
The Eparchy of Pathanamthitta is a Syro-Malankara Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Catholic Church in Kerala, India. The diocese was created by Pope Benedict XVI on 25 January 2010. Yoohanon Chrysostom became the first eparch. St. Peter’s Malankara Catholic Church in the episcopal see of Pathanamthitta serves as the cathedral church. The Eparchy of Pathanamthitta is a suffragan eparchy in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archeparchy of Trivandrum.

Sacred Heart Malankara Catholic Church, Mylapra
9°15′49″N 76°47′55″E﻿ / ﻿9.26361°N 76.79861°E﻿ / 9.26361; 76.79861

Sacred Heart Malankara Syrian Catholic Church or referred as S H Church is located in the village of Mylapra, near Pathanamthitta, on the road side of the Main Eastern Highway in the Indian state of Kerala. It is home to one of the first Syro-Malankara Catholic Church communities and is the biggest and oldest established church in the Eparchy of Pathanamthitta. This church is the patron of two schools, Mount Bethany EHSS and S H Higher Secondary School.
Admiralty Board (Russian Empire)
Board of Admiralties (Russian: Адмиралтейств-коллегия, Admiralteystv-kollegiya) was a supreme body for the administration of the Imperial Russian Navy and admiralty shipyards in the Russian Empire, established by Peter the Great on December 12, 1718, and headquartered in the Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg. It included several other admiralties of the Imperial Russia among which is the Nikolaev Admiralty.

Admiralty Shipyards
The JSC Admiralty Shipyards (Russian: Адмиралтейские верфи) (formerly Soviet Shipyard No. 194) is one of the oldest and largest shipyards in Russia, located in Saint Petersburg. The shipyard's building ways can accommodate ships of up to 70,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT), 250 metres (820 ft) in length and 35 metres (115 ft) in width. Military products include naval warships such as nuclear and diesel-powered submarines and large auxiliaries.
Supply-class replenishment oiler
The Supply class is a class of replenishment oilers of the Royal Australian Navy, a role that combines the missions of a tanker and stores supply ship. As such they are designated auxiliary oiler replenisher (AOR). They are tasked with providing ammunition, fuel, food and other supplies to Royal Australian Navy vessels around the world. There are two ships in the class, Supply and Stalwart. The project is expected to cost anywhere between $1 and $2 billion. Navantia were selected to build a design based on the Spanish Navy's current replenishment vessel Cantabria, which entered service in 2011.

HMAS Supply (A195)
HMAS Supply (A195), named after the Royal Navy ship HMS Supply, is the lead ship of the Supply-class replenishment oilers built for the Royal Australian Navy by Navantia at their yard in Ferrol, Spain. The Australian Supply-class ships are based on the Spanish Navy's replenishment oiler Cantabria. The vessel was launched on 18 November 2017 and commissioned on 10 April 2021. It was confirmed in Senate estimates on 6 June 2024 that Supply was under repair in Western Australia, however the ship is currently based in NSW, as of November 2024.
Alice Stewart Hill
Alice Stewart Hill (pen name, AAS, ASH; born Alice Amelia Stewart; c. 1851–January 10, 1896) was an American artist who created paintings and illustrations. Her specialty was creating works of art based upon the flowers of Colorado. Her work was of interest to noted botanist Asa Gray of Harvard College because Colorado has flowers that were different than their eastern varieties, as well as flowers that grow above the timberline on Pikes Peak.

Joseph Helm
Joseph Church Helm (June 30, 1848 – May 13, 1915) was a jurist from Colorado. He served as a Colorado state representative, a Colorado state senator, and as an associate justice and chief justice of the Colorado Supreme Court. He ran for governor in 1892 and was defeated by Davis Hanson Waite.

At the age of 13, he enlisted as a drummer boy in the Union Army during the Civil War. Over four years, he saw numerous battles and then was a captured and held at the Belle Isle Prisoner Camp, when he was released in 1863, he became private. He stayed in the war until its end, when he was 17 years of age. He saved his pay from his service to pay for his college education.
Evandale, Tasmania
Evandale is an historic town in northern Tasmania, Australia. It sits on the banks of the South Esk River, 18 km south of Launceston. Named after early colonial explorer and Surveyor-General George Evans, the town is famous for its late-Georgian and early-Victorian buildings with relatively untouched streetscape, a popular Sunday market and as a host to the annual national Penny Farthing Bicycle Championships. At the 2016 census, Evandale had a population of 1,345.

Evandale hosts a primary school, churches, parks, pubs, shops and a fire station. Nearby locations include Nile, Deddington and Perth.

Deddington, Tasmania
Deddington is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Northern Midlands in the Central LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 34 kilometres (21 mi) east of the town of Longford. The 2016 census has a population of 121 for the state suburb of Deddington.
The town is situated on the Nile River and lies in the foothills of Ben Lomond.
Crown Colony of North Borneo
The Crown Colony of North Borneo was a Crown colony on the island of Borneo established in 1946 shortly after the dissolution of the British Military Administration. The Crown Colony of Labuan joined the new Crown colony during its formation. It was succeeded as the state of Sabah through the formation of the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963.

British Military Administration (Borneo)
The British Military Administration (BMA) was the interim administrator of British Borneo between the end of the Second World War and the establishment of the Crown colonies of Sarawak and North Borneo in 1946. Specifically, the entity lasted from 12 September 1945 to 1 July 1946. Labuan became the headquarters of BMA. The headquarters was mostly managed by the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). The area under this administration today comprises Labuan, Sabah, Sarawak, and Brunei. Sarawak was administered by Australians under British Borneo Civil Affairs Unit (BBCAU).
Submarine Launched Mobile Mines
Submarine Launched Mobile Mines (SLMM) are a modern type of naval mine designed to be deployed by submarines. The chief example is the Mark 67 SLMM, currently used by the United States Navy and capable of deployment on 688i Los Angeles-class submarines. These mines offer a strategic advantage by allowing for clandestine deployment in hostile or denied areas, such as ports or shipping lanes, making them difficult to detect and counter.

Los Angeles-class submarine
The Los Angeles class of submarines are nuclear-powered fast attack submarines (SSN) in service with the United States Navy. Also known as the 688 class (pronounced "six-eighty-eight") after the hull number of lead vessel USS Los Angeles (SSN-688), 62 were built from 1972 to 1996, the latter 23 to an improved 688i standard. As of 2025, 23 of the Los Angeles class remain in commission and they account for almost half of the U.S. Navy's 50 fast attack submarines.

Submarines of this class are named after American towns and cities, such as Albany, New York; Los Angeles, California; and Tucson, Arizona, with the exception of USS Hyman G. Rickover, named for the "father of the nuclear Navy." This was a change from traditionally naming attack submarines after marine animals, such as USS Seawolf or USS Shark. Rickover explained the decision to name the submarines after cities (and occasionally politicians influential in defense issues) by observing that "fish don't vote."
Thermoanaerobacterales
The Thermoanaerobacterales is a polyphyletic order of bacteria placed within the polyphyletic class Clostridia, and encompassing four families: the Thermoanaerobacteraceae, the Thermodesulfobiaceae, the Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis, and the Thermoanaerobacterales Family IV. Incertae Sedis, and various unplaced genera.

This order is noted for the species' abilities to survive in extreme environments without oxygen and of relatively elevated temperatures for a living being (up to 80-90 °C). An example organism in this order is Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus.

Thermoanaerobacteraceae
The Thermoanaerobacteraceae is a highly polyphyletic family of bacteria placed within the class clostridia. Originally placed within the highly polyphyletic class Clostridia and order Thermoanaerobacterales, according to the NCBI and LPSN, it is now thought to be a basal clade of the phylum Bacillota.
Kirillov character formula
In mathematics, for a Lie group , the Kirillov orbit method gives a heuristic method in representation theory. It connects the Fourier transforms of coadjoint orbits, which lie in the dual space of the Lie algebra of G, to the infinitesimal characters of the irreducible representations. The method got its name after the Russian mathematician Alexandre Kirillov.

At its simplest, it states that a character of a Lie group may be given by the Fourier transform of the Dirac delta function supported on the coadjoint orbits, weighted by the square-root of the Jacobian of the exponential map, denoted by .  It does not apply to all Lie groups, but works for a number of classes of connected Lie groups, including nilpotent, some semisimple groups, and compact groups.

The Kirillov orbit method has led to a number of important developments in Lie theory, including the Duflo isomorphism and the wrapping map.

Orbit method
In mathematics, the orbit method (also known as the Kirillov theory, the method of coadjoint orbits and by a few similar names) establishes a correspondence between irreducible unitary representations of a Lie group and its coadjoint orbits: orbits of the action of the group on the dual space of its Lie algebra. The theory was introduced by Kirillov (1961, 1962) for nilpotent groups and later extended by Bertram Kostant, Louis Auslander, Lajos Pukánszky and others to the case of solvable groups. Roger Howe found a version of the orbit method that applies to p-adic Lie groups.
David Vogan proposed that the orbit method should serve as a unifying principle in the description of the unitary duals of real reductive Lie groups.
Hezb-i Islami Khalis
Hezb-e Islami Khalis is an Afghan political ex-Mujahideen movement under Mohammad Yunus Khalis, who separated from Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's Hezb-e Islami and formed his own resistance group in 1979. The two parties were distinguished as Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin and Hezb-e Islami Khalis, after the names of their respective leaders.

The Hezb-e Islami Khalis was part of the "Peshawar Seven", who fought against the Soviets in the Soviet–Afghan War and fought in the Gulf War along with the American-led coalition against Iraq. Among its most notable members were Hibatullah Akhundzada, Abdul Haq, Amin Wardak, Jalaluddin Haqqani, and founder of the Taliban, Mullah Omar.

Following Khalis' organization in 2006, a power struggle ensued between his son Anwar ul Haq Mujahid and Haji Din Mohammad, the former governor of Kabul Province. Mohammad appears to have been successful in consolidating his control over much of the party.

Amin Wardak
Amin Wardak (born 1951) is a major Afghan mujahideen leader who mostly fought against the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in his home region of Maidan Wardak Province during the Soviet–Afghan War in the 1980s. However, his reach of military actions had spread till the provinces of Ghazni and Kabul, and his political influence and relations towards the other mujahideen groups reached even further.
Catherine Squires
Catherine Louise Kearney Squires (April 9, 1941 – August 3, 2021) was a microbiologist known for her work on ribosomal RNA using Escherichia coli as a model organism. She was an elected fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Winters, California
Winters is a city in rural Yolo County, and the western Sacramento Valley, in northern California, United States.

Winters has a 2024 population of 7,860. Winters is currently growing at a rate of 2.16% annually and its population has increased by 9.24% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 7,195 in 2020.

The average household income in Winters is $148,333 with a poverty rate of 6.55%. The median age in Winters is 37.9 years: 38.1 years for males, and 37.9 years for females.
King Leir
King Leir is an anonymous Elizabethan play about the life of the ancient Brythonic king Leir of Britain. It was published in 1605 but was entered into the Stationers' Register on 15 May 1594. The play has attracted critical attention principally for its relationship with King Lear, Shakespeare's version of the same story.

Leir of Britain
Leir was a legendary king of the Britons whose story was recounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his pseudohistorical 12th-century History of the Kings of Britain. According to Geoffrey's genealogy of the British dynasty, Leir reigned around the 8th century BC, around the time of the founding of Rome. The story was modified and retold by William Shakespeare in his Jacobean tragedy King Lear.
Emmelichthys cyanescens
Emmelichthys cyanescens is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers and bonnetmouths. This fish is found in the deep waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Chile and the Juan Fernández Islands. This species can reach a standard length  of 34.2 cm (13.5 in). Until 2014 this taxon was regarded as a subspecies of Emmelichthys nitidus.

Emmelichthys nitidus
Emmelichthys nitidus, the Cape bonnetmouth, bonnetmouth, redbait, pearl fish, picarel, red baitfish, red herring or Southern rover, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Emmelichthyidae, the rovers and bonnetmouths. This species is found in the  Indian and Pacific oceans. This species is of minor importance to commercial fisheries.
Jaroslav Halák
Jaroslav Halák (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈjarɔslaw ˈɦalaːk]; born 13 May 1985) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey goaltender. He was selected in the ninth round, 271st overall, by the Montreal Canadiens in the 2003 NHL entry draft. Halák played for the Canadiens as well as the Boston Bruins, New York Islanders, New York Rangers, St. Louis Blues, Vancouver Canucks, and Washington Capitals.

2014 NHL entry draft
The 2014 NHL entry draft was the 52nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 27–28, 2014, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The top three selections were Aaron Ekblad by the Florida Panthers, Sam Reinhart by the Buffalo Sabres, and Leon Draisaitl by the Edmonton Oilers. This draft featured the first selection of a player from Oceania with Australian Nathan Walker being selected by the Washington Capitals in the third round.

As of 2025 there are 58 active NHL players from this draft.
Sir Frederick Hall, 1st Baronet
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Frederick Henry Hall, 1st Baronet, KBE, DSO  (7 October 1864 – 28 April 1932) was a British businessman and politician. During World War I he was active in recruiting men for 'Kitchener's Army'.

33rd (Camberwell) Divisional Artillery
The 33rd Divisional Artillery (33rd DA), popularly known as the Camberwell Gun Brigade, was a Royal Artillery force raised as part of 'Kitchener's Army' in early 1915. Recruited in the Borough of Camberwell, South London, the units served with the 'Pals battalions' of the 33rd Division on the Western Front for three years. They also supported other formations when 33rd Division was out of the line. The batteries saw action at the Somme, Arras, and Ypres, suffering heavy casualties. They were particularly distinguished defending against the German spring offensive of 1918, and continued through the victorious Allied Hundred Days Offensive.
USS Kanawha (AO-1)
USS Kanawha (AO–1) was the lead ship of her class of replenishment oilers of the United States Navy. She was commissioned in 1915 and sunk on 8 April 1943 by Japanese aircraft off Tulagi, Solomon Islands.

Mare Island Naval Shipyard
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINSY or MINS) was the first United States Navy base established on the Pacific Ocean and was in service 142 years from 1854 to 1996. It is located on the peninsula of Mare Island, which is part of the city of Vallejo, on San Pablo Bay in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, 23 miles (37 km) northeast of San Francisco. MINSY made a name for itself as the premier U.S. West Coast submarine port as well as serving as the controlling force in San Francisco Bay Area shipbuilding efforts during World War II.

The naval base was closed on 31 March 1996, with more than 7,500 civilians on its payroll, and has gone through several redevelopment phases. It was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1960, and parts of it were declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1975.
Outline of green politics
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to green politics:

Green politics – political ideology that aims for the creation of an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, social liberalism, and grassroots democracy.  It began taking shape in the western world in the 1970s; since then Green parties have developed and established themselves in many countries across the globe, and have achieved some electoral success.

Green party
A green party is a formally organized political party based on the principles of green politics, such as environmentalism and social justice.

Green party platforms typically embrace social democratic economic policies and form coalitions with other left-wing parties.

Green parties exist in nearly 90 countries around the world, many of which are members of Global Greens.
Civil Aviation Administration (Sweden)
The Swedish Civil Aviation Administration (Swedish: Luftfartsverket) is a Swedish government agency which regulated and oversaw all aspects of aviation in Sweden until 2005. The regulatory division was called Luftfartsstyrelsen (Civil Aviation Authority).

The Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP) (Flygtrafiktjänsten) was established as Luftfartsverket (LFV). The agency had its head office in Norrköping.

In 2005 the regulatory division was separated to a new agency named Luftfartsstyrelsen, from 2009 part of the Swedish Transport Agency.

On 1 April 2010, the airport ownership and operation part of the Luftfartsverket was transferred to Swedish Airports (Swedavia AB), a newly formed fully state-owned company.

Air navigation services continue as a state enterprise under the name LFV.

Swedish Transport Agency
The Swedish Transport Agency (Swedish: Transportstyrelsen) is a Swedish government agency which is responsible for the regulation of rail, air, sea and road transport and its enforcement. It was formed on 1 January 2009, through a merger of several government agencies, including the Civil Aviation Administration, under the Ministry of Infrastructure.

It has its headquarters in Norrköping, Sweden.