hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Raya
Joseph Raya (Arabic: يوسف رايا) (15 August 1916 – 10 June 2005) was a Lebanese-born Melkite Catholic prelate who served as Archeparch of Akka from 1968 to 1974. He was also a theologian and civil rights advocate.

Raya was particularly known for his commitment to seeking reconciliation between Christians, Jews and Muslims. He was also a leading advocate of celebrating the Divine Liturgy in vernacular languages.

Madonna House Apostolate
The Madonna House Apostolate is a Catholic Christian community of laypeople and priests, all of whom take lifelong promises of poverty, chastity, and obedience and who are dedicated to loving and serving Jesus Christ in all areas of life. Madonna House was founded in 1947 by Catherine Doherty in Combermere, Ontario, and has established mission houses throughout the world. It is recognized by the Catholic Church as an association of the Christian faithful.
Chuginadak Island
Chuginadak Island (Aleut: Tanax̂ Angunax̂; Russian: Чугинадак) is the largest island in the Islands of Four Mountains subgroup of the Aleutian archipelago. Chuginadak is an Aleutian name published by Captain Tebenkov in an 1852 map. According to Knut Bergsland's Aleut Dictionary, the Aleutian word "chugida-lix" means "to fry, to make sizzle." The Western half of the island is called Chuginadax in Aleut, meaning 'simmering'.

The island is approximately 14 by 6 miles (22.5 by 9.7 km) long and the currently active Mount Cleveland stratovolcano forms the entire western half of the land mass and the eastern half of the island is the heavily eroded and less famous stratovolcano Tana. These halves of landmasses are connected with a small strip of land.

The only major geographical place is Applegate Cove (2.5 miles across) (Chuguuĝix̂) on the Northern coast. The cove was named for Samuel Applegate, USC&GS, who commanded the schooner Nellie Juan during a survey of this area in the 1880s.

Tana (volcano)
Tana is an eroded pair of east–west trending stratovolcanic cones east of the more known Cleveland volcano, and is located on the eastern end of the Chuginadak Island of the Islands of Four Mountains of the Aleutian Islands in Alaska.
Penn's Landing
Penn's Landing is a waterfront area of Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, situated along the Delaware River. Its name commemorates the landing of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, in 1682. The actual landing site is farther south, in Chester. The city of Philadelphia purchased the right to use the name. Penn's Landing is bounded by Front Street to the west, the Delaware River to the east, Spring Garden Street to the north, and Washington Avenue to the south, and is primarily focused on the Christopher Columbus Boulevard (Delaware Avenue) corridor.

Development of the area is handled by the Delaware River Waterfront Corporation.  The corporation is a non-profit that was established in 2009 to manage the publicly owned land on the central waterfront on behalf of the City of Philadelphia and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Knappskog
Knappskog is a village in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village lies along the northeastern coast of the island of Sotra, about halfway between the villages of Ågotnes (to the north) and Kolltveit (to the south). The island of Geitanger lies about 500 metres (1,600 ft) off the coast of Knappskog.

The 0.9-square-kilometre (220-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,601 and a population density of 1,779 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,610/sq mi).

Sotra
Sotra is the name of the largest island in Øygarden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located just west of the city of Bergen. It is part of a pair of islands called 'Sotra' and 'Litlesotra' (lit. 'small Sotra') that are part of a large archipelago stretching from Fedje southwards along the coast of Norway. The larger of the two islands is Sotra which is sometimes called Store Sotra (lit. 'Big Sotra'), while Litlesotra is smaller and less populated of the two. Roughly 28,700 (2017) people live on the two islands of Sotra, with the larger island having a population of about 19,100 (2017) and 9,589 (2017) living on the smaller island.
Oxford
Oxford (/ˈɒksfərd/ ⓘ) is a cathedral city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town.

The city is home to the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world; it has buildings in every style of English architecture since late Anglo-Saxon. Oxford's industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing, science, and information technologies.

Founded in the 8th century, it was granted city status in 1542. The city is located at the confluence of the rivers Thames (locally known as the Isis) and Cherwell. It had a population of 166,034 in 2024. It is 56 miles (90 km) north-west of London, 64 miles (103 km) south-east of Birmingham and 61 miles (98 km) north-east of Bristol.

Oxford railway station
Oxford railway station is a mainline railway station, one of two serving the city of Oxford, England. It is about 0.5 miles (800 m) west of the city centre, north-west of Frideswide Square and the eastern end of Botley Road. It is the busiest station in Oxfordshire, and the fourth busiest in South East England.

It is on the line for trains between London Paddington and Hereford via Worcester Shrub Hill. It is a starting point for fast and local trains to London Paddington and London Marylebone, and for local trains to Reading, Worcester (Shrub Hill and Foregate stations), and Banbury. It is also on the north–south Cross Country Route from Manchester Piccadilly and Newcastle via Birmingham New Street and Reading to Southampton Central and Bournemouth. The station is managed by Great Western Railway, and also served by CrossCountry and Chiltern Railways trains. Immediately to the north is Sheepwash Channel Railway Bridge over the Sheepwash Channel.
Stratocumulus castellanus cloud
Stratocumulus castellanus or Stratocumulus castellatus is a type of stratocumulus cloud. Castellanus is derived from Latin, meaning 'of a castle.' Clouds of this type appear as cumuliform turrets vertically rising from a common horizontal cloud base. These turrets are taller than they are wide.

The presence of stratocumulus castellanus clouds indicates an increasingly unstable atmosphere, and seeing this type of cloud in the morning usually means that there is a possibility of thunderstorms forming later in the afternoon.
In the right conditions, these clouds can grow into cumulus congestus clouds and, sometimes, into cumulonimbus clouds.

Cumulus congestus cloud
Cumulus congestus or towering cumulus clouds are a species of cumulus that can be based in the low- to middle-height ranges. They achieve considerable vertical development in areas of deep, moist convection. They are an intermediate stage between cumulus mediocris and cumulonimbus, sometimes producing rainshowers, snow, or ice pellets. Precipitation that evaporates before reaching the surface is virga.
Musique classique
Created on 2 April 1996, Musique Classique was a television channel owned by AB Groupe.

The programming consisted of classical concerts, opera, lyrical works, and magazine programmes (e.g. À livret ouvert...).

The channel was run by Jean-Michel Fava.

Musique Classique was shown on the AB Sat package, some cable operators, such as Noos-Numericable (see also Numericable (NOOS)) and ADSL operators such as  Freebox TV. The channel was not available on Canalsat or TPS.

AB Sat
AB Sat is a package of digital terrestrial television channels (encrypted with Viaccess and  Mediaguard) offered by the satellite companies Hot Bird and Astra and marketed in France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany. The channels are all (or partly) run by the cable operators and certain networks ADSL. ABSAT has a stake on two digital terrestrial television channels (TMC and NT1). The company is chaired by Michele Cotta.
Wingatui railway station
The Wingatui railway station, sometimes known as the Wingatui Junction railway station, is a former station between Dunedin and Mosgiel in Otago, New Zealand. On the Main South Line, it is the junction for the Otago Central Railway (now the Taieri Gorge Railway run by Dunedin Railways)

Dunedin Railways
Dunedin Railways (formerly the Taieri Gorge Railway) is the trading name of Dunedin Railways Limited, an operator of a railway line and tourist trains based at Dunedin Railway Station in the South Island of New Zealand. The company is a council-controlled trading organisation wholly owned by Dunedin City Council through its holding company Dunedin City Holdings Limited.
Alaattin Ali of Karaman
Alaattin Ali of Karaman (d.1397), also Alaeddin Ali, was a bey of  Karaman Beylik, a Turkish principality in Anatolia in the 14th century. Like most other Karaman beys, Ali Bey was a rival of the rising Ottoman Empire, and the two principalities engaged in chronic wars against one another.

Murad I
Murad I (Ottoman Turkish: مراد اول; Turkish: I. Murad), nicknamed Hüdavendigâr , (from Persian: خداوندگار, romanized: Khodāvandgār, lit. 'the devotee of God' – meaning "sovereign" in this context; 29 June 1326 – 15 June 1389) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1362 to 1389. He was the son of Orhan Gazi and Nilüfer Hatun. Murad I came to the throne after his elder half-brother Süleyman Pasha's death.

Murad I conquered Adrianople in 1360s and made it the new capital of the Ottoman Sultanate. Then he further expanded the Ottoman realm in Southern Europe by bringing most of the Balkans under Ottoman rule, and forced the princes of Serbia, the emperor of Bulgaria as well as the Byzantine emperor John V Palaiologos to pay him tribute. Murad I administratively divided his sultanate into the two provinces of Anatolia (Asia Minor) and Rumelia (the Balkans).
Baceno
Baceno (Lombard Bascén, Walser German: Aager) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Verbania, on the border with Switzerland.

Baceno is divided into frazioni: Crampiolo, Crino, Croveo, Devero, Goglio, Graglia, Osso, Uresso.

Baceno borders the following municipalities: Binn (Switzerland), Crodo, Formazza, Grengiols (Switzerland), Premia, Varzo.

Premia
Premia (Walser German: Saley) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Verbania, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 607 and an area of 88.7 square kilometres (34.2 sq mi).

Premia borders the following municipalities: Baceno, Bosco/Gurin (Switzerland), Campo (Vallemaggia) (Switzerland), Crodo, Formazza, Montecrestese.

Premia is a thermal spa town.
Cranbrook, British Columbia
Cranbrook (/ˈkrænbrʊk/ KRAN-bruuk) is a city in southeast British Columbia, Canada, located approximately 10 km southwest of the confluence of the Kootenay River and the St. Mary's River. It is the largest urban centre in the region known as the East Kootenay. As of 2021, Cranbrook's population is 20,499 with a census agglomeration population of 27,040. It is the location of the headquarters of the Regional District of East Kootenay and also the location of the regional headquarters of various provincial ministries and agencies, notably the Rocky Mountain Forest District.

Cranbrook is home to the Canadian Museum of Rail Travel which presents static exhibits of passenger rail cars built in the 1920s for the CPR and in the 1900s for the Spokane International Railway.

Cranbrook History Centre
The Cranbrook History Centre, formerly the Canadian Museum of Rail Travel, or its brand name "Trains Deluxe", is located in Cranbrook, British Columbia, Canada, a city of about 25,000 on the west side of the Rocky Mountains. The city was developed by the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) in 1898, as the administrative centre for the railway's "Crowsnest Pass" route. This deep connection with the railway was the driving force behind the founding of the original museum and while the city is still a busy railway centre with Canadian and international freight traffic, the area's rich history extends far back before the railway's introduction and the museum has recently expanded the exhibits to reflect this. Cranbrook was incorporated as a city in 1905 when Cranbrook boomed into the major economic, and commercial centre of the Kootenays.
Felix Cavaliere (album)
Felix Cavaliere is the first solo album by Felix Cavaliere, former member, primary songwriter and one of the two lead singers of the Rascals (formerly the Young Rascals).  It was produced by Todd Rundgren for Bearsville Records in 1974.

Bearsville Records
Bearsville Records is a record label that was founded in 1970 by Albert Grossman. The label closed in 1984, two years before Grossman's death. Sally Grossman, Albert Grossman’s widow, was running Bearsville Records from 2010 until her death in March 2021, at the age of 81.

Bearsville's initial distributor was Ampex Records. From 1972 until its folding, the label was distributed by Warner Bros. Records in most countries. In the UK it was distributed by Warner until 1979, and then Island until 1981. Its last few British releases were licensed to independent labels Avatar and Lamborghini. Bearsville Records ceased active operations in 1985. Rhino Records currently distributes Bearsville catalog.

Many of the artists on the roster recorded at Grossman's Bearsville Studios, in the similarly named hamlet in Woodstock, New York.
KMFC
KMFC (92.1 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Contemporary Christian format. It is licensed to Centralia, Missouri, United States, and serves the Columbia, Missouri area. The station is owned by the Educational Media Foundation.

The station extends coverage to Columbia through translator K293CI (106.5 FM).

Centralia, Missouri
Centralia is a city in Boone County, Missouri, United States. The population was 4,541 at the 2020 census, with an estimated population of 4,244 in 2018. A very small portion of the city lies in Audrain County.

The Boone County portion of Centralia (which forms the majority of the city) is part of the Columbia Metropolitan Statistical Area, while a small part in Audrain County is part of the Mexico Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Chord (geometry)
A chord (from the Latin chorda, meaning "catgut or string") of a circle is a straight line segment whose endpoints both lie on a circular arc. If a chord were to be extended infinitely on both directions into a line, the object is a secant line. The perpendicular line passing through the chord's midpoint is called sagitta (Latin for "arrow").

More generally, a chord is a line segment joining two points on any curve, for instance, on an ellipse. A chord that passes through a circle's center point is the circle's diameter.

Ptolemy's table of chords
The table of chords, created by the Greek astronomer, geometer, and geographer Ptolemy in Egypt during the 2nd century AD, is a trigonometric table in Book I, chapter 11 of Ptolemy's Almagest, a treatise on mathematical astronomy.  It is essentially equivalent to a table of values of the sine function.  It was the earliest trigonometric table extensive enough for many practical purposes, including those of astronomy (an earlier table of chords by Hipparchus gave chords only for arcs that were multiples of ⁠7+1/2⁠° = ⁠π/24⁠ radians).  Since the 8th and 9th centuries, the sine and other trigonometric functions have been used in Islamic mathematics and astronomy, reforming the production of sine tables. Khwarizmi and Habash al-Hasib later produced a set of trigonometric tables.
Hog Island (Michigan)
Hog Island, an uninhabited 2,075-acre (8 km2) island in Lake Michigan, is the fourth largest island in the Beaver Island archipelago.  It is owned by the U.S. state of Michigan as part of the Beaver Islands State Wildlife Research Area and is administered by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.

Beaver Islands State Wildlife Research Area
The Beaver Islands State Wildlife Research Area  is a networked set of insular properties of the U.S. state of Michigan.  The Research Area is approximately 23,154 acres in size.  Properties in the Research Area include much of the southern half of Beaver Island, almost all of Garden Island, all of High Island, all of Hog Island, all of North Fox Island, and most of the northern half of South Fox Island.  All of these islands are located in Lake Michigan.  The insular research area is overseen by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.
Bitch (band)
Bitch is an American heavy metal band, formed in Los Angeles in December 1980. They gained notoriety as a result of their theatrical live performances inspired by Alice Cooper, which featured sadomasochistic themes. Bitch was the first artist ever signed to Metal Blade Records.

Betsy (Bitch album)
Betsy is a studio album by Betsy Weiss and members of American heavy metal band Bitch, released in 1988 on Metal Blade Records. Although the album was recorded by the same group as the previous two heavier, and S&M-themed, heavy metal albums, the band released this third album under the artist name Betsy, the name of Betsy Weiss aka "Betsy Bitch", their lead singer, and with a softer and more commercial sound which was all done in an effort and in hopes to appeal to a wider audience. After the album the band reverted to their heavier sound along with the name Bitch after this attempt at commercialism proved unsuccessful.
Batman: The Long Halloween (film)
Batman: The Long Halloween is a 2021 American two-part animated direct-to-video superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment, based on the DC Comics storyline of the same name. Part 1 is the 45th film, and Part 2 is the 46th film, of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies, with both parts serving as the third and fourth installments of the DC Animated Movie Universe's second phase, and the nineteenth and twentienth overall. The film is directed by Chris Palmer and stars the voices of Jensen Ackles, Josh Duhamel and Naya Rivera in her final film role before her death the year prior and is dedicated to her memory. In both parts of the film, Batman attempts to unravel the mystery of murders committed on holidays throughout the year, and uncover the true identity of the serial killer Holiday.

Part 1 was released on June 27, 2021, and Part 2 was released on July 27 the same year. A deluxe edition combining both films was released on September 20, 2022.

Calendar Man
Calendar Man (Julian Gregory Day) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, as an enemy of the superhero Batman, belonging to the collective of adversaries that make up Batman's rogues gallery. Calendar Man is known for committing crimes that correspond with holidays and significant dates. He often wears costumes to correlate with the date of the designated crime. His name is a reference to the Julian and Gregorian calendars. In his debut, the character was presented as a joke villain, but in later years, writers developed Calendar Man as a dark, disturbed criminal who toys with Batman.

The character made his live-action debut as a cameo in the DC Extended Universe film The Suicide Squad (2021), portrayed by Sean Gunn.
Bonin English
Bonin English, also known as the Bonin Islands language or Ogasawara English, is a group of creole and koiné languages and dialects spoken on the Bonin Islands (or Ogasawara Islands) of Japan, in the country's far south. They are based on English and Japanese, to the extent that they have been called a mixture of the two languages.

Japanese-based creole languages
Japanese-based creole languages or simply Japanese Creoles are creole languages for which Japanese is the lexifier. This article also contains information on Japanese pidgin languages, contact languages that lack native speakers.
Bassnectar
Lorin Gabriel Ashton (born February 16, 1978), known professionally as Bassnectar, is an American DJ and electronic music producer.

Bassnectar became known for live shows that combined layered sound design with immersive visuals and attracted a large, dedicated fan base, and his work has been credited with helping to popularize bass-heavy electronic music in the United States. He appeared at major festivals such as Coachella, Bonnaroo, and Electric Daisy Carnival, and released charting albums including Noise vs. Beauty (2014) and Unlimited (2016).

Ill.Gates
Dylan Lane (born October 8, 1982), professionally known as ill.Gates, is a Canadian electronic music producer, DJ, and educator known for his contributions to the dubstep and bass music genres, and has garnered acclaim for his innovative musical approach, collaborations with notable artists, and efforts to share electronic music production knowledge within the community.
Amati
Amati (/əˈmɑːti/, Italian: [aˈmaːti]) is the surname of a family of Italian violin makers who lived at Cremona from about 1538 to 1740. Their importance is considered equal to those of the Bergonzi, Guarneri, and Stradivari families. Today, violins created by Nicolò Amati are valued at around $600,000. Because of their age and rarity, Amati instruments are mostly kept in museums or private collections and are seldom played in public.

Carlo Bergonzi (luthier)
Carlo Bergonzi (21 December 1683 – 9 February 1747) was an Italian luthier and is the first and most prominent member of the Bergonzi family, a distinguished group of luthiers from Cremona, Italy, a city with a rich tradition of stringed instrument makers.  Today his instruments are highly valued for their workmanship and tone.  Although he was historically assumed to have first apprenticed with Hieronymus Amati or Antonio Stradivari, he is now known to have been the student of Vincenzo Rugeri.
Doxology
A doxology (Ancient Greek: δοξολογία doxologia, from δόξα, doxa 'glory' and -λογία, -logia 'saying') is a short hymn of praises to God in various forms of Christian worship, often added to the end of canticles, psalms, and hymns. The tradition derives from a similar practice in the Jewish synagogue, where some version of the Kaddish serves to terminate each section of the service.

Unto the ages of ages
The phrase "unto the ages of ages" expresses either the idea of eternity, or an indeterminate number of aeons. The phrase is a translation of the original Koine Greek phrase εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων (eis toùs aionas ton aiṓnōn), which occurs in the original Greek texts of the Christian New Testament (e.g. in Philippians 4:20). In the Latin Vulgate, the same phrase is translated as in saecula saeculorum.
Satakunta dyke swarms
The Satakunta dyke swarms are a series of dyke swarms, a group of magmatic intrusions, of Mesoproterozoic age in the Bothnian Sea and western and central Finland. They are made up of Subjotnian diabase dikes, associated with rapakivi magmatism. They were most likely formed on the Columbia supercontinent.

Dike swarm
A dike swarm (American spelling) or dyke swarm (British spelling) is a large geological structure consisting of a major group of parallel, linear, or radially oriented magmatic dikes intruded within continental crust or central volcanoes in rift zones. Examples exist in Iceland and near other large volcanoes, (stratovolcanoes, calderas, shield volcanoes and other fissure systems) around the world. A  swarm consists of several to hundreds of dikes emplaced more or less contemporaneously during a single intrusive event, are magmatic and stratigraphic, and may form a large igneous province.

Sedimentary clastic dike swarms also exist on Earth; for example in Chile.

Magmatic dike swarms have also been found on Venus and Mars.