hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Souk El Kmach
Souk El Kmach (Arabic: سوق القماش) or the fabrics market is one of the most important souks of the medina of Tunis. It is the place where fabrics and tissues are sold, whether they are made in Tunisia or luxury products especially imported like silk or linen.

Souks of Tunis
The souks of Tunis are a set of shops and boutiques located in the medina of Tunis, capital of Tunisia. Most of the souks were built under the Hafsid dynasty in the 13th century and near the Al-Zaytuna Mosque.

They are organized in several streets and alleys.
Monarchy of Canada and the Indigenous peoples of Canada
The association between the monarchy of Canada and Indigenous peoples in Canada stretches back to the first interactions between North American Indigenous peoples and European colonialists and, over centuries of interface, treaties were established concerning the monarch and Indigenous nations. First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada have a unique relationship with the reigning monarch and, like the Māori and the Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealand, generally view the affiliation as being not between them and the ever-changing Cabinet, but instead with the continuous Crown of Canada, as embodied in the reigning sovereign.

These agreements with the Crown are administered by Canadian Aboriginal law, overseen by the minister of Crown–Indigenous relations, and expressed through numerous meetings and ceremonies, as well as exchanges of gifts and honours, involving Indigenous leaders, the monarch, his viceroy or viceroys, and/or other members of the Canadian royal family.

Canadian Aboriginal law
Canadian Aboriginal law is the body of law of Canada that concerns a variety of issues related to Indigenous peoples in Canada. Canadian Aboriginal Law is different from Canadian Indigenous law: In Canada, Indigenous Law refers to the legal traditions, customs, and practices of Indigenous peoples and groups. Aboriginal peoples as a collective noun is a specific term of art used in legal documents, including the Constitution Act, 1982,  and includes First Nations, Inuit and Métis people. Canadian Aboriginal law provides certain constitutionally recognized rights to land and traditional practices. Canadian Aboriginal Law enforces and interprets certain treaties between the Crown and Indigenous people, and manages much of their interaction. A major area of Aboriginal law involves the duty to consult and accommodate.
Laurita Winery
Laurita Winery is a winery in the New Egypt section of Plumsted Township in Ocean County, New Jersey. Formerly a dairy farm, the vineyard was first planted in 1998, and opened to the public in 2008. Laurita is one of the larger winegrowers in New Jersey, having 44 acres of grapes under cultivation, and producing 14,000 cases of wine per year. The winery’s name is an amalgamation of the names of the owners' mothers, Laura and Rita.

New Egypt, New Jersey
New Egypt is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Plumsted Township, in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the CDP's population was 2,512. The community is located at the trijunction of Burlington County, Monmouth County and Ocean counties.
Vikos Gorge
The Vikos Gorge or Vikos Canyon (Greek: Φαράγγι του Βίκου) is a gorge in the Pindus Mountains of northwestern Greece. It lies on the southern slopes of Mount Tymphe with a length of about 32 km, depth ranging from 120 to 1350 m, and a width ranging from 2500 m to only a few meters at its narrowest part.

Vikos is listed as the world's "deepest relative to its width" gorge by the Guinness Book of Records among others.

Pindus
The Pindus, Pindos or Pindhos is a mountain range located in Northern Greece and Southern Albania. It is roughly 160 km (99 mi) long, with a maximum elevation of 2,637 metres (8,652 ft) (Mount Smolikas). Because it runs north to south along much of mainland Greece, the Pindus range is known colloquially as the spine of Greece. The mountain range stretches from near the Greek-Albanian border in southern Albania, entering the Epirus and Macedonia regions in northern Greece down to the north of the Peloponnese. Geologically, it is an extension of the Dinaric Alps, which dominate the western region of the Balkan Peninsula.
Louisville in the American Civil War
Louisville in the American Civil War was a major stronghold of Union forces, which kept Kentucky firmly in the Union. It was the center of planning, supplies, recruiting and transportation for numerous campaigns, especially in the Western Theater. By the end of the war, Louisville had not been attacked once, although skirmishes and battles, including the battles of Perryville and Corydon, Indiana, took place nearby.

Sue Mundy
Sue Mundy was a fictional guerrilla character created by George D. Prentice, the editor of the Louisville Journal. Prentice opposed the heavy-handed military rule of General Stephen G. Burbridge in Kentucky during the American Civil War.
Bryce Taylor (basketball)
Bryce Taylor (born September 27, 1986) is an American-German professional former basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Noblesville Boom of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Oregon Ducks. In April 2018, he was granted German citizenship.

Taylor's father Brian Taylor spent 10 years in the ABA and NBA, averaging 18.6 points per game. He was a nine-time ABA All-Star and the 1973 ABA American Basketball association Rookie of the Year.

Brian Taylor (basketball)
Brian Dwight Taylor (born June 9, 1951) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the New York Nets of the American Basketball Association (ABA) and the Kansas City Kings, Denver Nuggets, and San Diego Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Pairwise sorting network
The pairwise sorting network is a sorting network discovered and published by Ian Parberry in 1992 in Parallel Processing Letters. The pairwise sorting network has the same size (number of comparators) and depth as the odd–even mergesort network. At the time of publication, the network was one of several known networks with a depth of . It requires  comparators and has depth .

The sorting procedure implemented by the network is as follows (guided by the zero-one principle):

Sort consecutive pairwise bits of the input (corresponds to the first layer of the diagram)

Sort all pairs into lexicographic order by recursively sorting all odd bits and even bits separately (corresponds to the next three layers of 2+4+8 columns of the diagram)

Sort the pairs in nondecreasing order using a specialized network (corresponds to the final layers of the diagram)

Batcher odd–even mergesort
Batcher's odd–even mergesort
is a generic construction devised by Ken Batcher for sorting networks of size O(n (log n)2) and depth O((log n)2), where n is the number of items to be sorted. Although it is not asymptotically optimal, Knuth concluded in 1998, with respect to the AKS network that "Batcher's method is much better, unless n exceeds the total memory capacity of all computers on earth!"

It is popularized by the second GPU Gems book, as an easy way of doing reasonably efficient sorts on graphics-processing hardware.
Homecoming: The Live Album
Homecoming: The Live Album is the fifth live album by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé, recorded from her two headlining Coachella performances in April 2018. It was released on April 17, 2019. The album accompanied a concert film documenting the performance, Homecoming: A Film by Beyoncé, which premiered the same day on the streaming platform Netflix. The album was also released on vinyl, on December 4, 2020.

Swag Surfin
"Swag Surfin" is the debut single by American hip-hop group Fast Life Yungstaz released in 2009. It is featured on their debut album Jamboree and was produced by K.E. on the Track. The song was certified platinum in March 2024.
Comarcas of the Basque Country
The autonomous community of the Basque Country within Spain contains several comarcas or eskualdeak in the Basque language, referring to local districts, grouped into its three long-established provinces.

The Basque Government's statistics department Eustat has divided the districts using a 20-comarca model (seven in Biscay, seven in Gipuzkoa and six in Álava) in its reports relating to the local economy and demographic trends on a consistent basis since at least 1999:

Cuadrilla de Vitoria
The Cuadrilla de Vitoria   (Basque: Gasteizko kuadrilla)  is a comarca of the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain. It is conterminous with the municipality of Vitoria-Gasteiz. Unlike the other cuadrillas, it doesn't have its own institutions, being mostly symbolic. The mayor of Vitoria-Gasteiz holds the ex officio position of president of the council of the cuadrilla. The Cuadrilla de Añana was part of the Cuadrilla de Vitoria until 1840.
Scanning probe lithography
Scanning probe lithography (SPL) describes a set of nanolithographic methods to pattern material on the nanoscale using scanning probes. It is a direct-write, mask-less approach which bypasses the diffraction limit and can reach resolutions below 10 nm. It is considered an alternative lithographic technology often used in academic and research environments. The term scanning probe lithography was coined after the first patterning experiments with scanning probe microscopes (SPM) in the late 1980s.

Nanolithography
Nanolithography (NL) is a growing field of techniques within nanotechnology dealing with the engineering (patterning e.g. etching, depositing, writing, printing etc) of nanometer-scale structures on various materials.

The modern term reflects on a design of structures built in range of 10−9 to 10−6 meters, i.e. nanometer scale. Essentially, the field is a derivative of lithography, only covering very small structures. All NL methods can be categorized into four groups: photo lithography, scanning lithography, soft lithography and other miscellaneous techniques.
Sun-class cruise ship
The Sun class is a class of cruise ships originally built for and operated by Princess Cruises and currently operated by Star Cruises, Peace Boat, Cheng Zhen Cruises, StarCruises and Seajets (although the Seajets owned ship is not currently in active service). The vessels in the class were designed and constructed by Fincantieri Cantieri Navali Italiani in Italy. The first Sun-class vessel, Sun Princess (now Pacific World), entered service in 1995 and the last, Ocean Princess (now Queen of the Oceans) entered service in 2000. At the time of launch, the Sun class was among the largest cruise ships in the world, although this has since been surpassed.

The four ships are effectively identical, with the only notable exception being the design of the bridge wings; Pacific World and Star Voyager having exterior bridge wings. Dream and Queen of the Oceans having enclosed bridge wings.

MV Queen of the Oceans
MV Queen of the Oceans is a Sun-class cruise ship owned by Seajets, a Greek/Cypriot ferry company. She was built by Fincantieri in Monfalcone, Italy, and measures 77,499 GT. She entered service in February 2000 as Ocean Princess for Princess Cruises before being transferred to P&O Cruises in 2002, operating as Oceana until 2020. Queen of the Oceans is a sister ship to other Sun-class ships, Dream, Pacific World, and Pacific Explorer.
Republic of Ostrów
The Republic of Ostrów (Polish: Republika Ostrowska) was a short-lived autonomous republic in the Polish area of Ostrów Wielkopolski. The republic, declared on 10 November 1918, intended to liberate Poles from Prussia and the German Empire. It was formed about a month before the Greater Poland Uprising.

Ostrów Wielkopolski
Ostrów Wielkopolski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɔstruv vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] ⓘ; often abbreviated Ostrów Wlkp., formerly called simply Ostrów;  Latin: Ostrovia) is a city in west-central Poland with  inhabitants 68 949 (2024), situated in the Greater Poland Voivodeship; the seat of Ostrów Wielkopolski County. It is the fifth-largest city in the voivodeship after Poznań, Kalisz, Piła and Konin.

It is located in the Kalisz Region in the south-eastern part of historic Greater Poland.
Heatter-Quigley Productions
Heatter-Quigley Productions was an American television production company that was launched in 1960 by two former television writers, Merrill Heatter and Bob Quigley. After Quigley's retirement, the company became Merrill Heatter Productions.

Gambit (game show)
Gambit is an American television game show based on the card game blackjack, created by Heatter-Quigley Productions. The show originally ran on CBS from September 4, 1972, to December 10, 1976, and was recorded at CBS Television City in Studios 31, 33, 41, and 43. On October 27, 1980, NBC revived the show as Las Vegas Gambit, as a replacement for The David Letterman Show, and kept it on its schedule until November 27, 1981. As the title implied, this edition of Gambit was recorded in Las Vegas at the Tropicana Las Vegas.  Both versions were hosted by Wink Martindale and announced by Kenny Williams. Elaine Stewart (co-creator Merrill Heatter's wife) was the card dealer/co-hostess for the CBS version, while Beverly Malden filled this role for the first half of Las Vegas Gambit, and was later replaced by Lee Menning.

Another Merrill Heatter-produced, blackjack-based quiz show, Catch 21, began airing on GSN in 2008.
2021–22 Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The 2021–22 Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the 21st season of this championship, featuring teams from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Izviđač entered as the men's defending champions, while Borac held the title for the women's defending champions.

Borac emerged as the men's champion, while Grude claimed the women's title.

Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Handball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the top handball league in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The league is operated by the Handball Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and is composed of 16 teams. The champion is seeded into the EHF Champions League. Second team is seeded into EHF Cup, while third and fourth teams go to EHF Challenge Cup. The winner of the league cup is seeded into the EHF Cup Winner's Cup.
Eugenia Livanos
Eugenia Livanos-Niarchos (née Livanos; Greek: Ευγενία Λιβανού, pronounced [evʝeˈnia livaˈnu]; 1927 – 4 May 1970) was a shipping heiress and the third wife of Greek shipping tycoon Stavros Niarchos.

She was the daughter of shipping magnate Stavros G. Livanos and his wife Arietta Zafirakis. Eugenia and Stavros Niarchos married in 1947. The couple had four children, Philip, Spyros, Konstantinos and Maria. Her sister was Athina Livanos, the wife successively of Aristotle Onassis and Stavros Niarchos. Athina married the latter, her older sister Eugenia's widower, in October 1971.

On 4 May 1970, Eugenia was found dead at home on the Niarchos family's private island Spetsopoula, having died from an overdose of barbiturates. An inquiry into the circumstances of her death exonerated her husband.

She is buried in the family tomb of the Niarchos family at the Bois-de-Vaux Cemetery in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Spetsopoula
Spetsopoula (Greek: Σπετσοπούλα) is an island situated to the southeast of Spetses, which is one of the Saronic Islands, in the region of Attica and the Aegean Sea. It lies 90 kilometres (56 miles) from Athens. Its area is about 2 Km2. According to 2011 census the island is uninhabited but the previous census (2001) reported a population of 8 inhabitants.
Sisian
Sisian (Armenian: Սիսիան [sisˈjɑn]) is a town and the centre of the Sisian Municipality of the Syunik Province in southern Armenia. It is located on both banks of the Vorotan River, at an altitude of 1600 m above sea level, 6 km south of the Yerevan-Meghri highway, at a road distance of 217 km southeast of the capital Yerevan, and 115 km north of the provincial capital Kapan.

As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 13,179.

Sisian Municipality
Sisian Municipality, referred to as Sisian Community (Armenian: Սիսիան Համայնք Sisian Hamaynk), is an urban community and administrative subdivision of Syunik Province of Armenia, at the south of the country. It is a group of settlements whose administrative centre is the town of Sisian.
Chaat masala
Chaat masala, also spelled chat masala, is a powdered spice mix, or masala, originating from the Indian subcontinent, typically used to add flavor to chaat. It typically consists of amchoor (dried mango powder), cumin, coriander, dried ginger, salt (often black salt), black pepper, asafoetida, and chili powder. Garam masala is optional.

Kala namak
Kala namak ("black salt" in  Urdu, Urdu: کالا نمک, Hindi, Hindi: काला नमक) is a kiln-fired rock salt with a sulphurous, pungent smell used mainly in the countries of South Asia. It is also known as "Himalayan black salt",  bit noon, bire noon, bit loona, bit lobon, kala loon, sanchal, kala meeth, guma loon, or pada loon, and is manufactured from the salts mined in the regions surrounding the Himalayas.

The condiment is composed largely of crystalline sodium chloride heated with charcoal and several other herbal components lending the salt its color and smell. The smell is mainly due to its sulphur content; the salt is heated in presence of many herbal components and also contains greigite (Fe3S4, Iron(II,III) sulphide). When whole, the salt is brown and black. When ground into a powder, its color may range from pink to black-brown to dark black.

Kala namak has been praised in herbal science and used for its perceived medical qualities.
Lars-Erik Gadde
Lars-Erik Gadde (born 1945) is a Swedish organizational theorist and Professor of Technology Management and Economics at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden. He is known for his work on business networks, professional purchasing. and case study research.

David Ford (marketing scientist)
David Ford (born 1944) is a British organizational theorist, Professor Emeritus at the University of Bath School of Management, and co-founder of the International Marketing and Purchasing Group (IMP Group) in the mid 1970s. He is known for his work with Håkan Håkansson on business networks.
Heritage Western Cape
33°55′23″S 18°25′13″E﻿ / ﻿33.92306°S 18.42028°E﻿ / -33.92306; 18.42028

Heritage Western Cape (HWC) is a provincial heritage resources authority established by the Minister of Cultural Affairs and Sport of the government of the Western Cape province in South Africa. It is a public entity set up under the terms of the National Heritage Resources Act. It is mandated to care for that part of South Africa's national estate that is of provincial and local significance in the Western Cape. It may delegate responsibility for heritage resources of local significance to competent municipal governments.

Heritage Western Cape is best known as the custodian of approximately 2,500 provincial heritage sites, but is also responsible for administration of other forms of protection of heritage established under the terms of the National Heritage Resources Act.

South African Heritage Resources Agency
The South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) is the national administrative body responsible for the protection of South Africa's cultural heritage. It implements a three-tier system of heritage management, in which heritage resources are managed at the national, provincial, and local levels.

SAHRA is tasked with establishing and maintaining a national inventory of heritage resources, known as the South African Heritage Resources Information System (SAHRIS), and also manages a portfolio of 36 state-owned heritage properties. The agency is governed by a council appointed by the Minister of Sport, Arts and Culture.
History of tablet computers
The history of tablet computers and the associated special operating software is an example of pen computing technology, and thus the development of tablets has deep historical roots.
The first patent for a system that recognized handwritten characters by analyzing the handwriting motion was granted in 1914.
The first publicly demonstrated system using a tablet and handwriting recognition instead of a keyboard for working with a modern digital computer dates to 1956.

EO Personal Communicator
The EO is an early commercial tablet computer that was created by Eo Inc. (later acquired by AT&T Corporation), and released in April 1993. Eo (Latin for "I go") was the hardware spin-out of GO Corporation. Officially named the AT&T EO Personal Communicator, it is similar to a large personal digital assistant with wireless communications, and competed against the Apple Newton. The unit was produced in conjunction with David Kelley Design, frog design, and the Matsushita, Olivetti and Marubeni corporations.

Among the EO customers AT&T claimed were: New York Stock Exchange, Andersen Consulting, Lawrence Livermore Laboratories, FD Titus & Sons and Woolworths.

Eo, Inc., 52 percent owned by AT&T, shut down operations on July 29, 1994, after failing to meet its revenue targets and to secure the funding to continue. It was reported that 10,000 of the computers had been sold.

In 2012, PC Magazine called the AT&T EO 440, "the first true phablet".
Southport Broadwater Parklands
The Southport Broadwater Parklands is a large community park located in Southport. It is designed for large community gatherings and families. The park has many different areas for children and barbecue areas for families. The park went through a major redevelopment and was re-opened  by the Premier of Queensland, Anna Bligh, on 23 August 2009. Southport Broadwater Parklands has become a popular family attraction.

City of Gold Coast
The City of Gold Coast is the local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. It is on the central eastern coast of Australia adjoining the Pacific Ocean. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local government area in the state of Queensland (Brisbane being the largest). Its council maintains a staff of over 2,500. The council was established in 1948, and has existed in its present form since 2008. The City of Gold Coast borders New South Wales and Tweed Shire to the south, Scenic Rim to the west, and Logan and Redland to the northwest and north, respectively.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Little River County, Arkansas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Little River County, Arkansas.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Little River County, Arkansas, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 16 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, and one former listing.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 19, 2025.

Little River County, Arkansas
Little River County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. state of Arkansas, bordering a corner with Texas and Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,026. The county seat is Ashdown.

Little River County is included in the Texarkana metropolitan area.
Smithson Tennant
Smithson Tennant FRS (30 November 1761 – 22 February 1815) was an English chemist. He is best known for his discovery of the elements iridium and osmium, which he found in the residues from the solution of platinum ores in 1803. He also contributed to the proof of the identity of diamond and charcoal. The mineral tennantite is named after him.

Osmium
Osmium (from Ancient Greek  ὀσμή (osmḗ) 'smell') is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group. Osmium has the highest density of any stable element and one of the lowest abundances in the Earth's crust. Manufacturers use alloys of osmium with platinum, iridium, and other platinum-group metals for fountain pen nib tipping, electrical contacts, and other applications that require extreme durability and hardness.