hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Air Nippon Network
Air Nippon Network   (or A-net) was an airline based on the grounds of Haneda Airport in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan.

It operated feeder services for parent Air Nippon, itself a subsidiary of All Nippon Airways (ANA). Its main base was New Chitose Airport.  On October 1, 2010, Air Nippon Network, Air Next and Air Central were merged and rebranded as ANA Wings.

All Nippon Airways
All Nippon Airways (ANA) is a Japanese airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. ANA operates services to both domestic and international destinations and is Japan's largest airline, ahead of its main rival Japan Airlines. As of March 2024, the airline has approximately 12,800 employees. The airline joined as a Star Alliance member in October 1999.

In addition to its mainline operations, ANA controls several subsidiary passenger carriers, such as its regional airline ANA Wings, Air Nippon, Air Do (a low-cost carrier operating scheduled service between Tokyo and cities in Hokkaido), Air Japan and Allex Cargo (ANA Cargo – the freighter division operated by Air Japan). Peach Aviation, a low-cost carrier based in Japan, is fully owned by ANA.
1889 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1889 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1889 college football season. In their second season under head coach Walter Camp, Yale compiled a 15–1 record, held opponents scoreless in 12 games, and outscored all opponents by a total of 659 to 31. Its only loss was in the final game of the season against rival Princeton by a 10–0 score.

Three Yale players (end Amos Alonzo Stagg, guard Pudge Heffelfinger and tackle Charles O. Gill) were named to the 1889 All-America college football team, the first All-America college football team as selected by Caspar Whitney. Stagg and Heffelfinger have also been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.

Charles O. Gill
Charles Otis Gill (March 4, 1868 – June 2, 1959) was an American Congregationalist clergyman and college football player and coach. Named to the 1889 All-America college football team as a player for Yale, Gill later served as head coach for the California and New Hampshire football programs, one season each. With Gifford Pinchot, Gill co-authored two influential books on the state of rural churches in the United States.
Optical link
An optical link is a telecommunications link that consists of a single end-to-end optical circuit. A cable of optical fibers, possibly concatenated into a dark fiber link, is the simplest form of an optical link.

Other forms of optical link can include single-"colour" links over a wavelength-division multiplexing infrastructure, and/or links that use optical amplifiers to compensate for attenuation over long distances.

Other forms of optical links include free-space optical telecommunication links.

In the rail transport sector, optical links are used in two forms depending on whether the feeding station is a main station or not. Thus main stations are called 'long halls', and all remaining stations are said to be 'short halls'.

Free-space optical communication
Free-space optical communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space to wirelessly transmit data for telecommunications or computer networking over long distances. "Free space" means air, outer space, vacuum, or something similar. This contrasts with using solids such as optical fiber cable.
The technology is useful where the physical connections are impractical due to high costs or other considerations.
TWIF Outdoor World Championships
The Tug of War Outdoor World Championships is a tug of war competition organised by the Tug of War International Federation for national teams. It is the main worldwide competition in the sport and has been held biennially since 2014. TWIF alternates this competition with another biennial world championship, called the TWIF Indoor World Championships for nations.

TWIF Indoor World Championships
The Tug of War Indoor World Championships is a tug of war competition organised by the Tug of War International Federation for national teams. It is one of the two main worldwide competitions in the sport and has been held biennially since 2014. TWIF also organizes the TWIF Outdoor World Championships for nations.
Qu'Appelle Valley Hockey League
The Qu’Appelle Valley Hockey League is a C-level senior ice hockey and junior ice hockey league in the greater Regina area of Saskatchewan, Canada. It is sanctioned by Hockey Saskatchewan and Hockey Canada.

Senior ice hockey
Senior hockey refers to amateur or semi-professional ice hockey competition. There are no age restrictions for Senior players, who typically consist of those whose Junior eligibility has expired.

Most senior hockey leagues operate under the jurisdiction of Hockey Canada or USA Hockey. They are not affiliated in any way with professional hockey leagues. Many former professional players play Senior hockey after their pro careers are over. The top Senior teams in Canada (Senior AAA) compete annually for the Allan Cup.
Monashee Mountains
The Monashee Mountains are a mountain range lying mostly in British Columbia, Canada, extending into the U.S. state of Washington. They stretch 530 km (329 mi) from north to south and 150 km (93 mi) from east to west. They are a sub-range of the Columbia Mountains. The highest summit is Mount Monashee, which reaches 3,274 m (10,741 ft). The name is from the Scottish Gaelic monadh and sìth, meaning "moor" and "peace".

Kettle River (Columbia River tributary)
The Kettle River is a 281-kilometre (175 mi) tributary of the Columbia River, encompassing a 10,877-square-kilometre (4,200 sq mi) drainage basin, of which 8,228 square kilometres (3,177 sq mi) are in southern British Columbia, Canada and 2,649 square kilometres (1,023 sq mi) in northeastern Washington, US.
Koiak 23
Koiak 22 – Coptic calendar – Koiak 24

The twenty-third day of the Coptic month of Koiak, the fourth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to December 19, of the Julian calendar, and January 1, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Koiak 24
Koiak 23 – Coptic calendar – Koiak 25

The twenty-fourth day of the Coptic month of Koiak, the fourth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to December 20, of the Julian calendar, and January 2, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.
Avacha Bay
Avacha Bay (Russian: Авачинская губа, Авачинская бухта) is a Pacific Ocean bay on the southeastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula. It is 24 km (15 mi) long and 3 km (2 mi) wide (at the mouth), with a maximum depth of 26 m (85 ft).

The Avacha River flows into the bay. The port city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and the closed town of Vilyuchinsk lie on the coast of the bay. It is the main transport gateway to the Kamchatka region. The bay freezes in the winter.

It was first discovered by Vitus Bering in 1729. It was surveyed and mapped by Captain Mikhail Tebenkov of the Imperial Russian Navy in the 1830s.

Avacha Bay was the scene of a massive die-off of benthic marine organisms in September–October 2020.

Situated on the south end of the bay in Vilyuchinsk is Russia's largest submarine base, the Rybachiy Nuclear Submarine Base, established during the Soviet period and still used by the Russian Navy.

Vilyuchinsk
Vilyuchinsk (Russian: Вилючинск) is a closed town in Kamchatka Krai, Russia, located on the Kamchatka Peninsula about 20 kilometers (12 mi) across Avacha Bay from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Population: 22,905 (2010 Census); 24,166 (2002 Census).
Coast Guard Goal 2030
Coast Guard Goal 2030 is a planned modernization program for the Bangladesh Coast Guard. The goal includes increasing manpower, purchasing more ships, hovercraft, helicopters, UAVs, maritime patrol aircraft and adding new generation surveillance technologies. The vision of the goal is for the Bangladesh Coast Guard to be a technologically advanced two-dimensional force that is capable of effectively protecting the coastal area of Bangladesh. Additionally, it will assist the Bangladesh Navy in case of any national emergency.

Bangladesh Coast Guard
The Bangladesh Coast Guard (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ কোস্ট গার্ড; abbreviated as BCG) is the maritime law enforcement agency of Bangladesh, responsible for safeguarding the country’s territorial waters, exclusive economic zone, and coastal resources. Operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs and with operational control by Navy officials, the Coast Guard conducts maritime security, anti-smuggling operations, search and rescue, and environmental protection missions. Established in 1995, the Coast Guard works closely with the Bangladesh Navy and other national agencies to ensure the safety and security of the nation’s waterways.
Baga Sola bombings
The 2015 Chad suicide bombings were a suicide attack which occurred the afternoon of Saturday 10, October 2015 in the town of Baga Sola, Chad, a small fishing community on Lake Chad.  The attack was allegedly perpetrated by the Nigeria-based Islamic extremist group Boko Haram and resulted in the deaths of around 36 individuals, and wounded upwards of 50 more.  The attacks were reportedly carried out by two women, two children, and a man with the intended targets being a busy marketplace, and a nearby refugee camp hosting tens of thousands of Nigerians. It was the deadliest attack to take place in the Lake Chad region.

Baga Sola
Baga Sola (Arabic: باغا سولا) is a town in Lac Region on the shore of Lake Chad in western Chad. It has a hospital and a fish market, and a refugee camp for Nigerians and Chadians who fled Boko Haram.

Boko Haram suicide bombers killed 41 people on 10 October 2015.
Nadir Shah Kot District
Nadir Shah Kot District (Pashto: نادر شاه کوټ ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی نادرشاه کوت) is situated in the western part of Khost Province, Afghanistan. It borders Paktia Province and Shamal District to the west, Qalandar District to the north, Musa Khel District to the northeast, Khost (Matun) District to the east, Mandozayi District to the southeast and Tani and Spera districts to the south.

According to Afghanistan's National Statistics and Information Authority (NSIA) the 2020 estimated population of the district was 36,005 people. The district center is Nadir Shah Kot - a village at 1386 m altitude on the main road to Khost. Nadir Shah Kot District has its own governor, who is appointed by the serving governor of Khost Province, and the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) are responsible for all law enforcement activities.

Shamal District
Shamal District (Pashto: شمال ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی شمال) is situated in the western part of Khost Province, Afghanistan. The district is within the heartland of the Zadran tribe of Pashtuns. It borders Paktia Province to the west, Nadir Shah Kot District to the east and Spera District to the south. The population is 12,200 (2006). The district center is the village of Shamal, situated in the eastern part of the district. It was moved from Paktia Province.
Cell Press
Cell Press is an all-science publisher of over 50 scientific journals across the life, physical, earth, and health sciences, both independently and in partnership with scientific societies. Cell Press was founded and is currently based in Cambridge, MA, and has offices across the United States, Europe, and Asia under its parent company Elsevier.

Trends (journals)
Trends is a series of 16 review journals in a range of areas of biology and chemistry published under its Cell Press imprint by Elsevier. The publisher in lieu is Danielle Loughlin.

The Trends series was established in 1976 with Trends in Biochemical Sciences, rapidly followed by Trends in Neurosciences, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, and Immunology Today.

Immunology Today, Parasitology Today, and Molecular Medicine Today changed their names to Trends in... in 2001. Drug Discovery Today was spun off as an independent brand.
Free Reformed Churches of Australia
The Free Reformed Churches of Australia (FRCA) are a federation of 18 congregations, 16 in Western Australia, two in Tasmania and a home-congregation in Cairns. At the start of 2016 the total membership was 4,663. Their historical roots are in the Reformed Churches of the Netherlands (Liberated) as a result of post-World War II immigration, and their doctrinal roots are in the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation and the Bible. The first congregation was in Armadale, Western Australia, founded in 1951.

Canadian and American Reformed Churches
The Canadian and American Reformed Churches (CanRC) is a federation of Protestant Reformed (Calvinist) churches in Canada and the United States, with historical roots in the Reformed Churches of the Netherlands.
The Kingdoms of Terror
The Kingdoms of Terror is the sixth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.  This is the first book in the "Magnakai" portion of the series, which begins after Lone Wolf has spent three years studying the Book of the Magnakai.

Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
Lone Wolf is a series currently consisting of 31 gamebooks, created by Joe Dever and initially illustrated (books 1–8) by Gary Chalk. Dever wrote the first 29 books of the series before his son Ben, with help from French author Vincent Lazzari, took over writing duty upon his father's death. The first book was published in July 1984 and the series has sold more than 12 million copies worldwide.

The story focuses on the fictional world of Magnamund, where the forces of good and evil are fighting for control. The main protagonist is Lone Wolf, last of his caste of warrior monks known as Kai Lords, although in latter books the focus shifts on one of his pupils as the main character. The book series is written in the second person and recounts Lone Wolf's adventures as if the reader is the main character.
Afon Tryweryn
Afon Tryweryn is a river in the north of Wales which starts at Llyn Tryweryn in the Snowdonia National Park and after 19 kilometres (12 mi) joins the river Dee at Bala. One of the main tributaries of the Dee, it was dammed in 1965 to form Llyn Celyn. The Tryweryn flooding forcibly removed residents of the village of Capel Celyn despite popular and political opposition in Wales. The resulting graffiti "Cofiwch Dryweryn" ('remember Tryweryn') near Llanrhystud became an icon of Welsh feeling. Water is stored in Llyn Celyn in winter when flows are high, and released over the summer to maintain the flow in the Dee (water from the Dee is used as the water supply for large areas of north-east Wales, and for the Wirral and much of Liverpool in England).

Bala, Gwynedd
Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies in the historic county of Merionethshire, at the north end of Llyn Tegid. According to the 2021 census, Bala had a population of 1,999 and 72.5 per cent of the population could speak Welsh.
Mitchell, Queensland
Mitchell is a rural town and locality in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. The town services the local area, a cattle and sheep farming district. In the 2021 census, the locality of Mitchell had a population of 995 people.

Thomas Mitchell (explorer)
Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (15 June 1792 – 5 October 1855), often called Major Mitchell, was a Scottish surveyor and explorer of Southeastern Australia. He was born in Scotland and served in the British Army during the Peninsular War. In 1827 he took up an appointment as Assistant Surveyor General of New South Wales. The following year he became Surveyor General and remained in this position until his death. Mitchell was knighted in 1839 for his contribution to the surveying of Australia.
Anker (noble family)
The Anker family, also spelled Ancher, is a Danish and Norwegian noble family living in Norway. The name means anchor. Originally from Sweden, the family became a part of the Patriciate of Norway in the 18th century, and members of the family were ennobled in 1778. One line of the family living in Mecklenburg became part of the German nobility, but later went extinct.

Norwegian patriciate
The Norwegian patriciate (in Norwegian borgerskap or patrisiat) was a social class in Norway from the 17th century until the modern age; it is typically considered to have ended sometime during the 19th or early 20th century as a distinct class. Jørgen Haave defines the Norwegian patriciate as a broad collective term for the civil servants (embetsmenn) and the burghers in the cities who were often merchants or ship's captains, i.e. the non-noble upper class. Thus it corresponds to term patriciate in its modern, broad generic sense in English. The patricians did not constitute a legally defined class as such, although its constituent groups, the civil servants and the burghers held various legal privileges, with the clergy de jure forming one of the two privileged estates of the realm until 1814.
Trond Halvorsen Wirstad
Trond Halvorsen Wirstad (15 June 1904 – 4 October 1985) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oppland in 1950, and was re-elected on four occasions.

Wirstad was born in Lunner and was mayor of Lunner municipality in the period 1947–1951.

Lunner
Lunner is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Hadeland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Roa. Lunner was established when it was separated from Jevnaker Municipality on 1 January 1898. From 1 January 2020 the municipality belonged to Viken county and afterwards it was handed over to its successor Akershus. It was in Oppland before that.
VF-72
Fighting Squadron 72 or VF-72 was an aviation unit of the U.S. Navy, originally established as VF-7 on 1 July 1939, it was redesignated as VF-72 on 19 November 1940 and disestablished on 29 March 1943.

Grumman F3F
The Grumman F3F is a single-seat biplane fighter aircraft produced by the Grumman aircraft for the United States Navy during the mid-1930s. Designed as an improved F2F, it entered service in 1936 as the last biplane fighter to be delivered to any American military air arm. It was retired from front line squadrons at the end of 1941 before World War II, and replaced by the Brewster F2A Buffalo. The F3F inherited the Leroy Grumman-designed retractable main landing gear first used on the Grumman FF, and was the basis for a biplane design ultimately developed into the F4F Wildcat.
Benmoreite
Benmoreite is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. It is a silica-undersaturated sodium-rich variety of trachyandesite (the other kind is latite) and belongs to the alkaline suite of igneous rocks. It was named after Ben More, a mountain on the Isle of Mull, Scotland.

Benmoreite has been found, for example, on Ascension Island and Easter Island, at Mount Berlin in Antarctica, and in Atakor volcanic field, Algeria. Benmoreite lava was erupted during the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.

An origin by fractionation from basanite through nepheline hawaiite to nepheline benmoreite has been demonstrated for a volcanic suite in the McMurdo Volcanic Group of late Cenozoic age in McMurdo Sound area of Antarctica. Nepheline benmoreite magmas derived from mantle sources, containing lherzolite xenoliths, display similarities to some plutonic nepheline syenites.

Latite
Latite is an igneous, volcanic rock, with aphanitic-aphyric to aphyric-porphyritic texture. It is the volcanic equivalent of monzonite. Its mineral assemblage is usually alkali feldspar and plagioclase in approximately equal amounts. Quartz is less than five percent and is absent in a feldspathoid-bearing latite, and olivine is absent in a quartz-bearing latite. When quartz content is greater than five percent the rock is classified as quartz latite. Biotite, hornblende, pyroxene and scarce olivine or quartz are common accessory minerals. Feldspathoid-bearing latite is sometimes referred to as tristanite.

Rhomb porphyries are an unusual variety with gray-white porphyritic, rhomb-shaped phenocrysts embedded in a very fine grained red-brown matrix.  The composition of rhomb porphyry places it in the trachyte - latite classification of the QAPF diagram.

Latite is found, for example, as lavas in Bulgaria and as intrusive laccoliths and sills in South Dakota, US.
Mount Melleray Abbey
Mount Melleray Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Cnoc Mheilearaí) is a Trappist monastery in Ireland, founded in 1833. It is situated on the slopes of the Knockmealdown Mountains, near Cappoquin, Diocese of Waterford. It closed in 2025.

Bruno Fitzpatrick
Bruno Fitzpatrick OSCO (1813-1893), was an Irish Cistercian monk who served as abbot of Mount Melleray Abbey in County Waterford from 1848 until his death in 1893. He founded New Melleray Abbey in the US, and Mount St. Joseph's Abbey in Roscrea.
Japanese language and computers
In relation to the Japanese language and computers many adaptation issues arise, some unique to Japanese and others common to languages which have a very large number of characters. The number of characters needed in order to write in English is quite small, and thus it is possible to use only one byte (28=256 possible values) to encode each English character. However, the number of characters in Japanese is many more than 256 and thus cannot be encoded using a single byte - Japanese is thus encoded using two or more bytes, in a so-called "double byte" or "multi-byte" encoding. Problems that arise relate to transliteration and  romanization, character encoding, and input of Japanese text.

Shift JIS
Shift JIS (also SJIS, MIME name Shift_JIS, known as PCK in Solaris contexts) is a character encoding for the Japanese language, originally developed by the Japanese company ASCII Corporation in conjunction with Microsoft and standardized as JIS X 0208 Appendix 1.

Shift JIS is based on character sets defined within JIS standards JIS X 0201:1997 (for the single-byte characters) and JIS X 0208:1997 (for the double-byte characters).

As of January 2025, less than 0.05% of surveyed web pages used Shift JIS (actually decoded as its superset Windows-31J encoding), a decline from 1.3% in July 2014. Shift JIS is the third-most declared character encoding for Japanese websites (though in effect it means its superset Windows-31J is used, so it is third-most popular), declared by  1.0% of sites in the .jp domain, while UTF-8 is used by 99%  of Japanese websites.

Shift JIS is also sometimes used in QR codes, though UTF-8 is often preferred.
Helldorado Days (Tombstone)
Helldorado Days is a festival that began in Tombstone, Arizona in 1929 and is held every year in October.  In 2008, 30 different entertainment groups participated, including belly dancers, line dancers, and musical groups. There was also a parade.

Tombstone, Arizona
Tombstone is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, founded in 1879 by prospector Ed Schieffelin in what was then Pima County, Arizona Territory. It became one of the last boomtowns in the American frontier. The town grew significantly into the mid-1880s as the local mines produced $40 to $85 million in silver bullion, the largest productive silver district in Arizona. Its population grew from 100 to around 14,000 in less than seven years. It is best known as the site of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and draws most of its revenue from tourism. The city had a permanent population of 1,308, according to the 2020 census.