hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Bowman (pitcher)
Robert James Bowman (October 3, 1910 – September 4, 1972) was an American professional baseball player. The native of Keystone, West Virginia, a right-handed pitcher, played all or portions of four Major League Baseball seasons (1939–1942) as a member of the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants and Chicago Cubs. For his career, he compiled a 26–17 record in 109 appearances, 71 of them as a relief pitcher, with nine saves, 13 complete games, two shutouts, a 3.82 earned run average and 146 strikeouts in 365 innings pitched. He allowed 360 hits and 139 bases on balls.

Bowman is most noted as being the pitcher who in June 1940 beaned former Cardinal teammate Joe Medwick, an incident that nearly cost Medwick his life.

Joe Medwick
Joseph Michael Medwick (November 24, 1911 – March 21, 1975), nicknamed "Ducky" and "Muscles", was an American Major League Baseball player. A left fielder with the St. Louis Cardinals during the "Gashouse Gang" era of the 1930s, he also played with the Brooklyn Dodgers (1940–1943, 1946), New York Giants (1943–1945), and Boston Braves (1945). Medwick is the last National League player to win the Triple Crown award (1937).

A ten-time All-Star, Medwick was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers' Association of America in 1968 with 84.81% of the votes. In 2014, he became a member of the inaugural class of the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame.
Bojhena Se Bojhena (TV series)
Bojhena Se Bojhena (transl. They Don’t Understand) is an Indian Bengali-language romantic television soap opera that premiered on 4 November 2013 on Star Jalsha. Produced by Shree Venkatesh Films, the series is an official remake of the Hindi television series Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?, which aired on StarPlus. The show starred Yash Dasgupta and Madhumita Sarkar in the lead roles.

The series concluded on 18 June 2016 after airing 822 episodes.

Due to its sustained popularity, the series was re-telecast multiple times. During the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020, it was re-aired on Star Jalsha as part of nostalgia programming. The show returned for another rerun in July 2023.

Star Jalsha
Star Jalsha is an Indian Bengali language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily broadcasts family dramas, comedies, reality shows and films. It launched its own HD feed on 14 April 2016.
Kearny, New Jersey
Kearny (/ˈkɑːrni/ KAR-nee) is a town in the western part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and a suburb of Newark. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 41,999, an increase of 1,315 (+3.2%) from the 2010 census count of 40,684, which in turn reflected an increase of 171 (+0.4%) from the 40,513 counted in the 2000 census.

Kearny is named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. It began as a township formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1867, from portions of Harrison Township. Portions of the township were taken on July 3, 1895, to form East Newark. Kearny was incorporated as a town on January 19, 1899, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The Arlington section of town was named for Arlington Station on the Erie Railroad at the Arlington Mill plant, owned by Arlington Mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts.

Secaucus, New Jersey
Secaucus (/ˈsiːkɔːkəs/ SEE-kaw-kəs) is a town in Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 22,181, an increase of 5,917 (+36.4%) from the 2010 census count of 16,264, which in turn reflected an increase of 333 (+2.1%) from the 15,931 counted in the 2000 census.

Located within the New Jersey Meadowlands, it is the most suburban of the county's municipalities, though large parts of the town are dedicated to light manufacturing, retail, and transportation uses, as well as protected areas.

Secaucus is a derivation of the Algonquian words for "black" (seke or sukit) and "snake" (achgook; perhaps something like /axkuk/), or "place of snakes", or from sekakes, referring to snakes.
Bergamt
A Bergamt or mining office is a mining supervisory authority in German-speaking countries below the level of the state. It exercises immediate supervision of all activities, facilities and equipment associated with mining within a mining district. This includes the promotion and monitoring of operational safety and workplace safety.

Saxon Mining Office
The Saxon Mining Office (German: Sächsisches Oberbergamt) is the executive authority for mining rights in the German state of Saxony. It is also responsible for all non-metallic mineral resources on the terrain of the former East Germany.
2010 Tennessee floods
The 2010 Tennessee floods were floods in Middle Tennessee, West Tennessee, south-central and western Kentucky and northern Mississippi areas of the United States of America as the result of torrential rains on May 1 and 2, 2010. Floods from these rains affected the area for several days afterwards, resulting in a number of deaths and widespread property damage.

Two-day rain totals in some areas were greater than 19 inches (480 mm). The Cumberland River crested at 51.86 feet (15.81 m) in Nashville, a level not seen since 1937, which was before the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers flood control measures were in place. All-time record crests were observed on the Cumberland River at Clarksville, the Duck River at Centerville and  Hurricane Mills, the Buffalo River at Lobelville, the Harpeth River at Kingston Springs and Bellevue, and the Red River at Port Royal.

Clarksville, Tennessee
Clarksville is a city in Montgomery County, Tennessee, United States, its county seat, and only incorporated municipality. The city had a population of 166,722 as of the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most populous city in Tennessee. It is the principal city of the Clarksville metropolitan area, which consists of Montgomery and Stewart counties in Tennessee and Christian and Trigg counties in Kentucky.

The city was founded in 1785 and incorporated in 1807, and named for General George Rogers Clark, frontier fighter and Revolutionary War hero, and brother of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Clarksville is the home of Austin Peay State University; The Leaf-Chronicle, the oldest newspaper in Tennessee; and neighbor to the Fort Campbell, United States Army post. The site of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell is located about 10 miles (16 km) from downtown Clarksville and straddles the Tennessee-Kentucky state line.
Penn Center (Saint Helena Island, South Carolina)
The Penn Center, formerly the Penn School, is an African-American cultural and educational center in the Corners Community on Saint Helena Island.  Founded in 1862 by Quaker and Unitarian missionaries from Pennsylvania, it was the first school founded in the Southern United States specifically for the education of African-Americans.  It provided critical educational facilities to Gullah slaves freed after plantation owners fled the island, and continues to fulfill an educational mission.

The campus was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1974. Darrah Hall and the Brick Baptist Church on the campus were declared part of Reconstruction Era National Monument in January 2017.  In 2019, it became the Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, along with Fort Sumter.

Saint Helena Island (South Carolina)
St. Helena Island is a Sea Island in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. The island is connected to Beaufort by U.S. Highway 21. The island has a land area of about 64 sq mi (170 km2) and a population of 8,763 as of the 2010 census. It is included as part of the Hilton Head Island-Beaufort Micropolitan Area. The island is renowned for its rural Lowcountry character and being a major center of African-American Gullah culture and language. It is considered to be the geographic influence behind the children's television program Gullah Gullah Island.
Thomas Sully
Thomas Sully (June 19, 1783 – November 5, 1872) was an English-American portrait painter. He was born in England, became a naturalized American citizen in 1809, and lived most of his life in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, including in the Thomas Sully Residence. He studied painting in England under Benjamin West. He painted in the style of Thomas Lawrence and has been referred to as the "Sir Thomas Lawrence of America".

He produced over 2,300 paintings over his 70 year career. His subjects included United States presidents Thomas Jefferson, John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson; Revolutionary War hero General Marquis de Lafayette, and Queen Victoria. In addition to portraits of wealthy patrons, he painted landscapes and historical pieces such as the 1819 The Passage of the Delaware. His work was adapted for use on United States coinage.

Benjamin West
Benjamin West PRA (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was an American-born painter who specialised in history painting, creating such works as The Death of Nelson, The Death of General Wolfe, the Treaty of Paris, and Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky.

Entirely self-taught, West soon gained valuable patronage and toured Europe, eventually settling in London. He impressed King George III and was largely responsible for the launch of the Royal Academy, of which he became the second president (after Sir Joshua Reynolds). He was appointed historical painter to the court and Surveyor of the King's Pictures.

West also painted religious subjects, as in his huge work The Preservation of St Paul after a Shipwreck at Malta, at the Chapel of St Peter and St Paul at the Old Royal Naval College in Greenwich, and Christ Healing the Sick, presented to the National Gallery.
ESR meter
An ESR meter is a two-terminal electronic measuring instrument designed and used primarily to measure the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of real capacitors; usually without the need to disconnect the capacitor from the circuit it is connected to. Other types of meters used for routine servicing, including normal capacitance meters, cannot be used to measure a capacitor's ESR, although combined meters are available that measure both ESR and out-of-circuit capacitance. A standard (DC) milliohmmeter or multimeter cannot be used to measure ESR, because a steady direct current cannot be passed through the capacitor.
Most ESR meters can also be used to measure non-inductive low-value resistances, whether or not associated with a capacitor; this leads to several additional applications described below.

Q meter
A Q meter is a piece of equipment used in the testing of radio frequency circuits. It has been largely replaced in professional laboratories by other types of impedance measuring devices, though it is still in use among radio amateurs. It was developed at Boonton Radio Corporation in Boonton, New Jersey in 1934 by William D. Loughlin.
Andrea Gacki
Andrea Gacki is an American attorney. She currently serves as Director of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), a bureau within the U.S. Treasury Department tasked with combating financial crimes. Previously, she directed the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).

Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is a bureau within the United States Department of the Treasury that collects and analyzes information about financial transactions to combat domestic and international money laundering, terrorist financing, and other financial crimes.
Giorgio Tavecchio
Giorgio Tavecchio (born July 16, 1990), nicknamed "Italian Ice", is an Italian professional football placekicker for the Milano Seamen of the European League of Football (ELF). He played college football for the California Golden Bears and signed with the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2012. Tavecchio has also been a member of the Green Bay Packers, Oakland Raiders, Atlanta Falcons, Los Angeles Wildcats, Tennessee Titans, and Barcelona Dragons.

Matt Bryant
Steven Matt Bryant (born May 29, 1975), nicknamed "Money Matt", is an American former professional football player who was a kicker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Baylor Bears, and was signed as an unrestricted free agent by the AFL's Iowa Barnstormers in 2000. A Pro Bowler with the Atlanta Falcons in 2016, he was also a member of the New York Giants, Frankfurt Galaxy, Indianapolis Colts, Miami Dolphins, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Florida Tuskers.
Reuptake inhibitor
Reuptake inhibitors (RIs) are a type of reuptake modulators. It is a drug that inhibits the plasmalemmal transporter-mediated reuptake of a neurotransmitter from the synapse into the pre-synaptic neuron. This leads to an increase in extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitter and  an increase in neurotransmission. Various drugs exert their psychological and physiological effects through reuptake inhibition, including many antidepressants and psychostimulants.

Most known reuptake inhibitors affect the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine (and epinephrine), and dopamine. However, there are also a number of pharmaceuticals and research chemicals that act as reuptake inhibitors for other neurotransmitters such as glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, adenosine, choline (the precursor of acetylcholine), and the endocannabinoids, among others.

Reuptake
Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter located along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal (i.e., the pre-synaptic neuron at a synapse) or glial cell after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse.

Reuptake is necessary for normal synaptic physiology because it allows for the recycling of neurotransmitters and regulates the level of neurotransmitter present in the synapse, thereby controlling how long a signal resulting from neurotransmitter release lasts. Because neurotransmitters are too large and hydrophilic to diffuse through the membrane, specific transport proteins are necessary for the reabsorption of neurotransmitters. Much research, both biochemical and structural, has been performed to obtain clues about the mechanism of reuptake.
House of Egloffstein
The House of Egloffstein is an ancient Franconian aristocratic family (Uradel) with an eponymous family home in the hill region of Franconian Switzerland in the Bavarian province of Upper Franconia. The family first appears in the records in 1187 with a Heinrich genannt Stuchs ("Henry, named Stuchs") who is also the progenitor. The house belongs to the brotherhood of Franconian Imperial Knights. Egloffstein Castle and Kunreuth Castle are to this day owned by the family.

Kunreuth
Kunreuth is a municipality in the district of Forchheim in Bavaria in Germany.

The town is the location of Schloss Kunreuth. Since the 14th century the castle has belonged to the family of the Counts and Barons von Egloffstein who have also owned Egloffstein Castle since the 12th century.
Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight, narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using paddles.

In British English, the term canoe can also refer to a kayak, whereas canoes are then called Canadian or open canoes to distinguish them from kayaks. However, for official competition purposes, the American distinction between a kayak and a canoe is almost always adopted. At the Olympics, both conventions are used: under the umbrella terms Canoe Slalom and Canoe Sprint, there are separate events for canoes and kayaks.

Dugout canoe
A dugout canoe or simply dugout is a boat made from a hollowed-out tree. Other names for this type of boat are logboat and monoxylon. Monoxylon (μονόξυλον) (pl: monoxyla) is Greek – mono- (single) + ξύλον xylon (tree) – and is mostly used in classic Greek texts. In German, they are called Einbaum ("one tree" in English). Some pirogues are also constructed in this manner.

Dugouts are the oldest boat type archaeologists have found, dating back about 8,000 years to the Neolithic Stone Age. This is probably because they are made of massive pieces of wood, which tend to preserve better than others, such as bark canoes.
Seremban Forest Heights
Seremban Forest Heights (Chinese: 芙蓉绿峰岭) is a 488-acre  planned township between Rahang and Senawang, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, developed by Sunrise MCL Land Sdn Bhd which is a  joint-venture development of UEM Sunrise Berhad and MCL Land Ltd.

The township consists mainly of residential suites, office complexes and free industry zone development. Forest Heights @ Seremban that nearby to Econsave, Giant, Lotus's and Mydin.

Their combined strength, resources and expertise will ensure that Seremban Forest Heights becomes a successful landmark and sought after development in Negeri Sembilan.. Seremban Forest Heights is a 15-minutes drive to either Senawang or downtown Seremban and 3 km from both North–South Expressway Southern Route and the Seremban–Port Dickson Highway.

Senawang
Senawang (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Sonawang) is a suburb in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. It is administered by the Seremban City Council.

It is at the south of Seremban neighbouring two districts, Rembau and Kuala Pilah.
Mark 82 bomb
The Mark 82 is a 500-pound (230 kg) unguided, low-drag general-purpose bomb, part of the United States Mark 80 series. The explosive filling is usually tritonal, though other compositions have sometimes been used.

It is manufactured by Australia, the United States and Turkey.

Tritonal
Tritonal is a mixture of 80% TNT and 20% aluminium powder, used in several types of ordnance such as air-dropped bombs. The aluminium increases the total heat output and hence impulse of the TNT – the length of time during which the blast wave is positive. Tritonal is approximately 18% more powerful than TNT alone.

The 87 kg of tritonal in a Mark 82 bomb has the potential to produce approximately 863 MJ of energy when detonated. This implies a specific energy of approximately 9 MJ/kg, compared to ~4 MJ/kg for TNT.
Katz v. United States
Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967), is a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court redefined what constitutes a "search" or "seizure" with regard to the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The ruling expanded the Fourth Amendment's protections from an individual's "persons, houses, papers, and effects," as specified in the Constitution's text, to include any areas where a person has a "reasonable expectation of privacy." The reasonable expectation of privacy standard, now known as the Katz test, was formulated in a concurring opinion by Justice John Marshall Harlan II.

The Katz test has since been used in numerous cases, particularly because of technological advances that create new questions about privacy norms and government surveillance of personal data.

Reasonable expectation of privacy
In United States constitutional law, reasonable expectation of privacy is a legal test which is crucial in defining the scope of the applicability of the privacy protections of the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. It is related to, but is not the same as, a right to privacy, a much broader concept which is found in many legal systems (see privacy law). Overall, reasonable expectations of privacy can be subjective or objective.
Yeon Woo-jin
Kim Bong-hwe (Korean: 김봉회; born July 5, 1984), known professionally as Yeon Woo-jin (Korean: 연우진), is a South Korean actor. He started in the entertainment industry as a model and gained recognition as an actor with his role in Arang and the Magistrate (2012) which earned him a nomination for Best New Actor. He expands his acting repertoire on leading roles in Marriage, Not Dating (2014), Divorce Lawyer in Love (2015), Introverted Boss (2017), Queen for Seven Days (2017) and Judge vs. Judge (2017).

Arang and the Magistrate
Arang and the Magistrate (Korean: 아랑사또전; RR: Arang sattojeon; also known as Tale of A-rang) is a 2012 South Korean historical television drama (sageuk), starring Lee Joon-gi, Shin Min-a, and Yeon Woo-jin. The period horror-romance is based on the folklore of Arang, who died unjustly and returns as a ghost in order to reveal the circumstances surrounding her death. It aired on MBC from August 15 to October 18, 2012 for 20 episodes.
Miyama, Fukui
Miyama (美山町, Miyama-chō) was a town located in Asuwa District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,044 and a density of 36.62 persons per km2. The total area was 137.73 km2.

On February 1, 2006, Miyama, along with the town of Shimizu, and the village of Koshino (both from Nyū District), was merged into the expanded city of Fukui.

Koshino, Fukui
Koshino (越廼村, Koshino-mura) was a village located in Nyū District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 1,793 and a density of 116.81 persons per km2. The total area was 15.35 km2.

On February 1, 2006, Koshino, along with the town of Shimizu (also from Nyū District), and the town of Miyama (from Asuwa District), was merged into the expanded city of Fukui.
John Stapleton (English journalist)
John Martin Stapleton (24 February 1946 – 21 September 2025) was an English journalist and broadcaster. He was known for his work as a presenter and reporter on ITV breakfast television (TV-am, GMTV and Daybreak) in addition to hosting Nationwide and Watchdog for the BBC. He also hosted the ITV morning talk show The Time, The Place and presented the Sunday morning programme My Favourite Hymns.

Stapleton won the Royal Television Society's News Presenter of the Year award for 2003. He was married to the presenter Lynn Faulds Wood. They presented Watchdog together between 1986 and 1993.

Daybreak (2010 TV programme)
Daybreak was a British breakfast television programme that was broadcast on ITV from 6 September 2010 to 25 April 2014. Daybreak replaced GMTV, which aired its last weekday edition on 3 September 2010. Daybreak launched three days later.

In March 2014, ITV announced that the show would end later in 2014 to be replaced by the launch of Good Morning Britain on 28 April 2014.
Saint Petersburg Roman Catholic Theological Academy
The Imperial Roman Catholic Theological Academy (Russian: Императорская Римско-Католическая Духовная Академия) was an institution of higher education preparing Roman Catholic theologians in the Russian Empire. The academy granted master's and doctorate degrees in theology and was designed to prepare clergy for senior positions in the Catholic Church hierarchy. It originated at the Vilnius University, but was transferred to Saint Petersburg in the aftermath of the Uprising of 1831. The Tsarist authorities wanted to exercise greater control over the academy and implement Russification policies. After the October Revolution in 1917, the academy was moved to Poland where it became the Catholic University of Lublin. Mary Queen of the Apostles Seminary was established in Moscow in 1993; it moved to the premises of the historical Saint Petersburg Academy in 1995.

Mary Queen of the Apostles Seminary
The Mary Queen of the Apostles Seminary is located in Saint Petersburg and is the only Catholic major seminary in Russia. The school prepares candidates for the priesthood in the Catholic Church. The building is part of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary.