hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flag of the Basque Country
The flag of the Basque Country (in Basque: ikurrin, with the definite article, ikurrina, pronounced /ˌi'kuri'ɲa/ in Southern Basque dialects, or /ˌi'kuri'na/ in Northern dialects) is the official flag of the Basque Country Autonomous Community of Spain. This flag consists of a white cross over a green saltire on a red field.

The Ikurrina is also used informally and symbolically to represent Euskal Herria, the collective name for the seven historical territories of Basque ethnicity, language, and culture. This broader region includes not only the three provinces of the Basque Autonomous Community, but also Navarre and the three Basque provinces located in the French Basque Country (Lapurdi, Lower Navarre, and Zuberoa).

Luis Arana (politician)
Luis Arana Goiri, self-styled as Arana ta Goiri'taŕ Koldobika (1862 in Bilbao – 1951 in Santurtzi), was a Basque nationalist politician and founder of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) (and creator of its flag) along with his brother Sabino Arana. He served as president of the PNV 1911?–1916, 1922–1930 (Aberri), and 1932–1933.
IBM System/360 Model 50
The IBM System/360 Model 50 is a member of the IBM System/360 family of computers.  The Model 50 was announced in April 1964 with the other initial models of the family, and first shipped in August 1965 to the Bank of America.

Channel I/O
In computing, channel I/O is a high-performance input/output (I/O) architecture that is implemented in various forms on a number of computer architectures, especially on mainframe computers. In the past, channels were generally implemented with custom devices, variously named channel, I/O processor, I/O controller, I/O synchronizer, or DMA controller.
Justin Malfeyt
Justin-Prudent-François-Marie Malfeyt (21 June 1862 – 26 December 1924) was a Belgian soldier, engineer and administrator. He served in various senior administrative positions in the Belgian Congo, including command of the Orientale and Katanga provinces.

Adolphe De Meulemeester
Adolphe De Meulemeester (28 March 1870 – 10 May 1944) was a Belgian soldier and colonial administrator. He was deputy governor-general and then governor of the Orientale Province of the Belgian Congo from 1917 to 1926. He introduced many innovations including a road network, schools and clinics, chiefdom and sector councils, and cotton plantations.
Douglas, Arizona
Douglas is a city in Cochise County, Arizona, United States, that lies in the north-west to south-east running Sulphur Springs Valley. Douglas has a border crossing with Mexico at Agua Prieta and a history of mining.

The population was 16,531 in the 2020 Census.

John Horton Slaughter
John Horton Slaughter (October 2, 1841 – February 16, 1922), also known as Texas John Slaughter, was an American lawman, cowboy, poker player and rancher in the Southwestern United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After serving in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, Slaughter earned a reputation fighting hostile Indians and Mexican and American outlaws in the Arizona and New Mexico territories. In the latter half of his life, he lived at the San Bernardino Ranch, which is today a well-preserved National Historic Landmark in Cochise County in far southeastern Arizona. In 1964, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
Takeover of Vanha
The takeover of Vanha (Finnish: Vanhan valtaus) was an uprising by a number of students on November 25, 1968, at the Old Student House (Vanha) of the University of Helsinki in Finland. It occurred on the night of the 100th birthday of the university's student union. The rioters took over Vanha during the celebrations, demanding changes to the university's administration and the curriculum.

The group entered by breaking in through a French window at 17:13 local time. The event immediately made nationwide headlines. The action was seen as inspired by the May 1968 unrest in France, as well as other political movements around Europe during the same year, including the Prague Spring. In 2008, Laura Kolbe, a professor of European history at the University of Helsinki and also a member of the centrist Centre Party, described the protest as "the ripples of the European student movement in Finland".

Old Student House, Helsinki
The Old Student House  (Finnish: Vanha ylioppilastalo, colloquially called Vanha, "the old one"; Swedish: Gamla studenthuset) is the former student house of the Student Union of the University of Helsinki, located in central Helsinki, Finland, near the crossing of Aleksanterinkatu and Mannerheimintie.
OptimFROG
OptimFROG is a proprietary, lossless audio codec developed by Florin Ghido. OptimFROG is optimized for high compression (small file sizes) at the expense of encoding and decoding speed, and consistently measures among the highest compressing lossless codecs. OptimFROG comes with three compressors: a lossless codec for integer LPCM format in WAV files, one for IEEE 754 floating-point WAV files, and third codec called DualStream.

OptimFROG DualStream is lossy, but fill the gap between perceptual coding and lossless coding by producing a correction file. In combination with the main, lossy-encoded file, the correction file provides for lossless decoding. The lossless decoding is computationally intense and cannot be done in real time on contemporary hardware. The rival audio codecs WavPack. MPEG-4 SLS, and DTS-HD Master Audio also offer correction file generation.

The OptimFROG file formats use APEv2 tags to store the metadata.  ID3 is also possible.

WavPack
WavPack is a free and open-source lossless audio compression format and application implementing the format. It is unique in the way that it supports hybrid audio compression alongside normal compression which is similar to how FLAC works. It also supports compressing a wide variety of lossless formats, including various variants of PCM and also DSD as used in SACDs, together with its support for surround audio.
Invasion of Corsica (1553)
The Invasion of Corsica of 1553 occurred when French, Ottoman, and Corsican exile forces combined to capture the island of Corsica from the Republic of Genoa.

The island had considerable strategic importance in the western Mediterranean, being at the heart of the Habsburg communication network and serving as a forced stopover for small boats sailing between Spain and Italy.

The island had been administered since 1453 by the Genoese Bank of Saint George. The invasion of Corsica was accomplished for the benefit of France.

Jourdan des Ursins
Jourdan des Ursins (1500–1564), or originally Giordano degli Orsini, was a Corsican general of the French army who participated with Sampiero Corso in the Invasion of Corsica (1553). After the invasion, parts of the island, especially Calvi and Bastia, were reclaimed by the Genoese, but many areas remained under French control. In 1555, Jourdan des Ursins replaced de Thermes, and was named "Gouverneur et lieutenant général du roi dans l'île de Corse". He was in command of the French-controlled areas of the island until the 1559 Peace of Cateau Cambrésis when France formally returned Corsica to Genoa.
William Watts Sherman House
The William Watts Sherman House is a notable house designed by American architect H. H. Richardson, with later interiors by Stanford White.  It is a National Historic Landmark, generally acknowledged as one of Richardson's masterpieces and the prototype for what became known as the Shingle Style in American architecture. It is located at 2 Shepard Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island and is now owned by Salve Regina University. It is a contributing property to the Bellevue Avenue Historic District.

Bellevue Avenue Historic District
The Bellevue Avenue Historic District is located along and around Bellevue Avenue in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. Its property is almost exclusively residential, including many of the Gilded Age mansions built as summer retreats around the turn of the 20th century by the extremely wealthy, including the Vanderbilt and Astor families. Many of the homes represent pioneering work in the architectural styles of the time by major American architects.

The district was declared a National Historic Landmark (NHL) in 1976. Several of the mansions within the district are also individually National Historic Landmarks, and a number of them are open to the public as museums. The district has become one of Newport's major tourist attractions.
Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad
The Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad (also known as the Bristol Secondary) was a railroad in the state of Rhode Island that connected the city of Providence with Bristol, Rhode Island. The company was formed in 1854 by merging the Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad Companies of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The 14.1-mile line itself was completed on July 12, 1855.

Most of the line south of East Providence was abandoned in 1976; all rail operations ceased on the remainder of the line in 2006. The former right-of-way has since been converted into the East Bay Bike Path.

Slade's Ferry Bridge
The Slade's Ferry Bridge was a steel swing truss bridge that spanned the Taunton River between Somerset, Massachusetts and Fall River, Massachusetts. It was built in 1875 and removed in 1970. The bridge had two levels: an upper deck carrying the Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad, and a lower deck for road traffic. A swing section (replaced by a bascule after a ship strike in 1932) allowed river traffic to pass. The alignment of the bridge carried it from Remington Street in Fall River to the junction of Riverside Avenue, Brayton Avenue and Wilbur Avenue in Somerset.
Workers' Dwelling No.1
Workers' Dwelling No.1 is a heritage-listed detached house at 35 Surrey Street, Nundah, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1910. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Nundah, Queensland
Nundah (previously called German Station) is an inner suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It contains the neighbourhood of Toombul. In the 2021 census, Nundah had a population of 13,098 people.

Prior to European settlement, Nundah was inhabited by Aboriginal people from the Turrbul tribe. Nundah is primarily a residential suburb, which straddles Sandgate Road, one of the major arterial roads of Brisbane's north.  It was first settled by Europeans in the mid-19th century, although the suburb remained primarily a rural area until it was connected to Brisbane via railway in the 1880s. Originally considered a working-class suburb, the area has become gentrified in recent years, and today features a mix of traditional worker's cottages and modern high-density apartment blocks. It is close to the Centro Shopping Centre.
Christian Front (United States)
The Christian Front was a far-right anti-Semitic political association active in the United States from 1938 to 1940, started in response to radio priest Charles Coughlin. The Christian Front was mainly based in New York City and many of its members were Irish and German American Catholics. Their activities included distributing like-minded publications and participating in rallies. After the American government began investigations in the late 1930s, a few members were arrested and prosecuted. The trials of these members discredited the entire movement and by the end of 1940, the Christian Front was no longer active.

1939 Nazi rally at Madison Square Garden
On February 20, 1939, a Nazi rally took place at Madison Square Garden, organized by the German American Bund. More than 20,000 people attended, and Fritz Julius Kuhn was a featured speaker. The Bund billed the event, which took place two days before George Washington's Birthday, as a pro-"Americanism" rally; the stage at the event featured a huge portrait of George Washington with swastikas on each side. Anti-Nazi counter-protesters gathered outside and on three occasions attempted to break through lines of police officers guarding the rally.

The power of the Bund rapidly declined after the rally. This was not due to the outbreak of World War II, but due to Kuhn being imprisoned for embezzlement by the end of the year and his successors being prosecuted for espionage.
Motobu Chōki
Motobu Chōki (本部 朝基; April 5, 1870 – April 15, 1944) was an Okinawan karate master and founder of Motobu-ryū. He was born into a branch of the Ryukyuan royal family, and at the age of 12, he and his older brother Motobu Chōyū were invited by Ankō Itosu to be taught karate.

Motobu also studied karate under Sakuma, Matsumura Sōkon, and Kōsaku Matsumora. He excelled especially in kumite and was already known throughout Okinawa in his twenties. As he grew up, he came to be regarded as the best in Okinawa in terms of practical karate techniques. He is reported to have been very agile, which gained him the nickname Motobu no Saru ("Motobu the Monkey").

Motobu later moved to mainland Japan, and at the age of 52, he beat a foreign boxer in Kyoto, Japan, and his name became instantly known throughout the country. He distanced himself from the modernization trend in karate, focusing only on kata Naihanchi and concentrating on kumite practice.

Hironori Ōtsuka
Hironori Ōtsuka (大塚 博紀, Ōtsuka Hironori, June 1, 1892 – January 29, 1982)[a] was a Japanese master of karate who created the Wadō-ryū style of karate. He was the first Grand Master of Wadō-ryū karate, and received high awards within Japan for his contributions to karate.
Ann Newmarch
Ann Foster Newmarch (9 June 1945 – 13 January 2022) OAM, known as "Annie", was a South Australian painter, printmaker, sculptor and academic, with an international reputation, known for her community service to art, social activism and feminism. She co-founded the Progressive Art Movement and the Women's Art Movement (WAM) in Adelaide, and is especially known for her iconic 1978 colour screenprint piece titled Women Hold Up Half the Sky!.

City of Prospect
City of Prospect is an inner urban local government area (LGA) in Adelaide, South Australia. The council seat is the unusually-large suburb of Prospect, which makes up almost two thirds of the tiny council area, which is less than 8 km2 (3.1 sq mi). Established in 1872, it is one of the oldest local government bodies in South Australia.

The demographics of the suburb show an above-average preponderance of young professionals, and a growing population.
Philip Doddridge (Virginia politician)
Philip Doddridge (May 17, 1773 – November 19, 1832) was a Virginia lawyer and sectional leader of western (now West) Virginia. He served in the United States House of Representatives representing the Wheeling District in the Upper Ohio River Valley, as well as in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly.

His brother, Joseph Doddridge, was a prominent historian and Episcopal priest in the region.

Joseph Doddridge
Joseph Doddridge (1746–1826) was a historian, horticulturist, medical doctor, clergyman, and author, notable for his work in the trans-Allegheny West and Upper Ohio River Valley in what is now Western Pennsylvania and West Virginia. He is primarily recognized for his historical writings, especially Notes on the Settlements and Indian Wars of the Western Parts of Virginia, which documents the experiences of early European settlers and their conflicts with Native American tribes, particularly the Mingo. Additionally, Doddridge played a significant role in the establishment of Episcopal congregations in the Upper Ohio Valley.
Cymric, Saskatchewan
Cymric is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Last Mountain Valley No. 250, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located along Highway 20 between Duval and Govan, it is also serviced by the Canadian Pacific Railway and located at mile 62.3 on the rail line running between Regina and Lanigan.

Rural Municipality of Last Mountain Valley No. 250
The Rural Municipality of Last Mountain Valley No. 250 (2016 population: 275) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 11 and SARM Division No. 5.
Lepiota cristata
Lepiota cristata, commonly known as the stinking dapperling, brown-eyed parasol, or the stinking parasol, is an agaric mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It produces fruit bodies characterized by the flat, reddish-brown concentric scales on the caps, and an unpleasant odour resembling burnt rubber. Similar Lepiota species can sometimes be distinguished from L. cristata by differences in cap colour, stipe structure, or odour, although some species can only be reliably distinguished through the use of microscopy.

A common and widespread species—one of the most widespread fungi in the genus Lepiota—it has been reported from Europe, northern Asia, North America, and New Zealand. It fruits on the ground in disturbed areas, such as lawns, path and road edges, parks, and gardens. It may be poisonous.

Lepiota
Lepiota is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All Lepiota species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of Lepiota are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so.
USS United States (CVA-58)
USS United States (CVA-58) was to be the lead ship of a new design of aircraft carrier. On 29 July 1948, President Harry Truman approved construction of five "supercarriers", for which funds had been provided in the Naval Appropriations Act of 1949. The keel of the first of the five planned postwar carriers was laid down on 18 April 1949 at Newport News Drydock and Shipbuilding. The program was canceled in 1949, United States was not completed, and the other four planned carriers were never built.

Louis A. Johnson
Louis Arthur Johnson (January 10, 1891 – April 24, 1966) was an American politician and attorney who served as the second United States secretary of defense from 1949 to 1950. He was the assistant secretary of war from 1937 to 1940 and the 15th national commander of the American Legion from 1932 to 1933.
Northern Luzon languages
The Northern Luzon languages (also  known as the Cordilleran languages) are one of the few established large groups within Philippine languages. These are mostly located in and around the Cordillera Central of northern Luzon in the Philippines. Among its major languages are Ilocano, Pangasinan and Ibanag.

Philippine languages
The Philippine languages or Philippinic are a proposed group by R. David Paul Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991; 2005; 2019) that include all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi, Indonesia—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and the Molbog language (disputed)—and form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Taiwan, there is relatively little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages.
Asteroid spectral types
An asteroid spectral type is assigned to asteroids based on their reflectance spectrum, color, and sometimes albedo. These types are thought to correspond to an asteroid's surface composition. For small bodies that are not internally differentiated, the surface and internal compositions are presumably similar, while large bodies such as Ceres and Vesta are known to have internal structure. Over the years, there has been a number of surveys that resulted in a set of different taxonomic systems such as the Tholen, SMASS and Bus–DeMeo classifications.

Meteorite classification
In meteoritics, a meteorite classification system attempts to group similar meteorites and allows scientists to communicate with a standardized terminology when discussing them. Meteorites are classified according to a variety of characteristics, especially mineralogical, petrological, chemical, and isotopic properties.
1889 Glamorgan County Council election
The first election to the Glamorgan County Council was held on 17 January 1889. Results were announced over several days.  They were followed by the 1892 election. The authority, by far the largest county in Wales in terms of population,  was established by the Local Government Act 1888. The county of Glamorgan was at this time becoming heavily industrialised although some areas such as the Vale of Glamorgan remained essentially rural.

Frederick Lewis Davis
Frederick Lewis Davis (30 January 1863 − 17 May 1920) was a Liberal politician and a member of a notable family of coal owners in South Wales. His grandfather, David Davis, Blaengwawr was a pioneer of the coal trade in the Aberdare valley while his father, Lewis Davis and uncle, David Davis, Maesyffynnon developed the business and were pioneers of the coal trade in the Rhondda, most notably at Ferndale. Having trained as a barrister, Davis joined the family business.

When "D. Davis & Sons Ltd., Ferndale Steam Coal Collieries" was successfully floated as a public company in May 1890, the prospectus cited him as chairman of the company. This float was managed by Robert William Perks (1849-1934).
George L. K. Morris
George Lovett Kingsland Morris (November 14, 1905 – June 26, 1975) was an American artist, writer, and editor who advocated for an "American abstract art" during the 1930s and 1940s, and is best known for his Cubist sculptures and paintings.

Frelinghuysen Morris House and Studio
The Frelinghuysen Morris House and Studio is a historic house museum and former art studio in Lenox and Stockbridge, Massachusetts.  The house and studio were home to American Abstract Artists George L.K. Morris and Suzy Frelinghuysen. The studio was built in Bauhaus style in 1930 by Morris and his friend George Sanderson. The house was added in 1941, designed by John Butler Swann. The house and studio were entered onto the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

The house contains furnishings and decorations unchanged since the couple's lifetime. The art collection includes cubist frescoes and paintings by Morris and Frelinghuysen, as well as works by Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Georges Braque, Joan Miró and Henri Matisse.
Bench (woreda)
Bench was one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. It was named for the Bench people, whose homeland lies in the northern part of the woreda. Part of the Bench Sheko

Bench was bordered on the south and east by Meinit, on the west by Sheko, and on the north by the Keficho Shekicho Zone. Towns in Bench included Aman and Mizan Teferi. Bench was divided into Debub Bench, Semien Bench, and She Bench, Gidi Bench woredas and Mizan Aman town; the southern part of Bench was added to Meinit Goldiya.

Rivers in Bench include the Akobo, which has its source in this woreda.

Meinit
Meinit was one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Bench Maji Zone, Meinit was bordered on the south by Dizi, on the west by Sheko, on the north by Bench, on the east by the Keficho Shekicho Zone, and on the southeast by the Omo River which separated it from the Debub Omo Zone. Towns in Meinit included Bachuma, and Jemu. Meinit was separated for Meinit Goldiya and Meinit Shasha woredas.

The part of this woreda which lied within 15 kilometers of the Omo was included in the Omo National Park.

Meinit was selected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in 2004 as one of several woredas for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas, becoming the new home for a total of 6610 heads of households and 26,440 total family members.