hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rikkyo University
Rikkyo University (立教大学, Rikkyō daigaku), also known as Saint Paul's University, is a private university, in Ikebukuro, Tokyo, Japan.

Rikkyo is one of the five MARCH universities, the group of private universities in the Kanto region, together with Meiji, Aoyama Gakuin, Chuo, and Hosei.
Rikkyo is known as one of the six leading universities in the field of sports in Tokyo (東京六大学 "Big Six" — Rikkyo University, University of Tokyo, Keio University, Waseda University, Meiji University, and Hosei University).

The university is the largest Anglican Christian affiliated university in Japan. The university is involved in numerous international programmes and projects. Rikkyo maintains contact with more than 140 educational institutions abroad for the purpose of exchanging lecturers, students and projects. With more than 700 students from outside Japan, the institution has 20,000 students, and 2,700 teachers and staff members.

MARCH (Japanese universities)
MARCH (マーチ, Māchi) is the collective name of 5 private universities located in Tokyo, Japan. The name comes from the initial letters of the Japanese Roman characters of each school:

Meiji University (明治大学, Meiji Daigaku)

Aoyama Gakuin University (青山学院大学, Aoyama Gakuin Daigaku)

Rikkyo University (立教大学, Rikkyō Daigaku)

Chuo University (中央大学, Chūō Daigaku)

Hosei University (法政大学, Hōsei Daigaku)
Prüfer group
In mathematics, specifically in group theory, the Prüfer p-group or the p-quasicyclic group or -group, , for a prime number p is the unique p-group in which every element has p different p-th roots.

The Prüfer p-groups are countable abelian groups that are important in the classification of infinite abelian groups: they (along with the group of rational numbers) form the smallest building blocks of all divisible groups.

The groups are named after Heinz Prüfer, a German mathematician of the early 20th century.

Abelian group
In mathematics, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written. That is, the group operation is commutative. With addition as an operation, the integers and the real numbers form abelian groups, and the concept of an abelian group may be viewed as a generalization of these examples. Abelian groups are named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

The concept of an abelian group underlies many fundamental algebraic structures, such as fields, rings, vector spaces, and algebras. The theory of abelian groups is generally simpler than that of their non-abelian counterparts, and finite abelian groups are very well understood and fully classified.
Thallomys
Thallomys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Africa.  It contains four species:

Loring's rat (Thallomys loringi)

Black-tailed tree rat (Thallomys nigricauda)

Acacia rat (Thallomys paedulcus)

Shortridge's rat (Thallomys shortridgei)

Loring's rat
Loring's rat (Thallomys loringi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is found in Kenya and Tanzania.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.

The species is named for John Alden Loring.
Matt Patricia
Matthew Edward Patricia (born September 13, 1974) is an American football coach who is currently the defensive coordinator for the Ohio State Buckeyes. He previously served 15 non-consecutive seasons as an assistant coach with the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL), including six seasons as the defensive coordinator from 2012 to 2017. During Patricia's tenure as defensive coordinator, the Patriots won two Super Bowls and allowed the fewest points in 2016. He also served as the Patriots' offensive playcaller in 2022. Patricia was also the head coach of the Detroit Lions from 2018 to 2020. He was named the defensive coordinator of Ohio State in 2025.

Vernon-Verona-Sherrill High School
Vernon-Verona-Sherrill High School, commonly referred to as VVS, is a public high school in Verona, New York. Vernon-Verona-Sherrill High School offers a comprehensive curriculum for grades 9-12 and is part of the Vernon-Verona-Sherrill Central School District which serves students from the towns of Verona and Vernon and the city of Sherrill.
The Real Folk Blues (Muddy Waters album)
The Real Folk Blues is a 1965 compilation album of Muddy Waters recordings, released on the Chess record label in January 1965. The album was the first release of The Real Folk Blues series and has since been re-released in multiple formats. The album features some of Waters' first recordings.

The Real Folk Blues
The Real Folk Blues is a series of blues albums released between 1965 and 1967 by Chess Records, later reissued MCA Records. Each album in the series highlighted the music of one major Chess artist, including John Lee Hooker, Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, and Sonny Boy Williamson II. The series, overseen by Marshall Chess, was a reaction to the increasing audience for the blues following the British Invasion. Companion discs, titled More Real Folk Blues, were released for many of the artists. Hooker's companion disc was not released until 1991. Beginning in 1999 the albums were re-released as single-disc compilations.
Willis (cyclecar)
Willis was a British automobile marque that began and ended in 1913. It was manufactured by Finchley Place Garage in London.

The only model was a cyclecar. The car had a V-twin engine from JA Prestwich Industries delivering 8 bhp (6.0 kW).

Cyclecar
A cyclecar was a type of small, lightweight and inexpensive motorized car manufactured in Europe and the United States between 1910 and the early 1920s. The purpose of cyclecars was to fill a gap in the market between the motorcycle and the car. It could accommodate only two passengers, often sitting in tandem.

The demise of cyclecars was due to larger cars – such as the Citroën Type C, Austin 7 and Morris Cowley – becoming more affordable. Small, inexpensive vehicles reappeared after World War II, and were known as microcars.
2-Carboxy-D-arabinitol-1-phosphatase
The enzyme 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol-1-phosphatase (CA1Pase; EC 3.1.3.63) catalyzes the reaction

2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate + H2O  2-carboxy-D-arabinitol + phosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, to be specific, those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds.  The systematic name is 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol-1-phosphate 1-phosphohydrolase.

RuBisCO
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, commonly known by the abbreviations RuBisCo, rubisco, RuBPCase, or RuBPco, is an enzyme (EC 4.1.1.39) involved in the light-independent (or "dark") part of photosynthesis, including the carbon fixation by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted by plants and other photosynthetic organisms to energy-rich molecules such as glucose. It emerged approximately four billion years ago in primordial metabolism prior to the presence of oxygen on Earth.  It is probably the most abundant enzyme on Earth. In chemical terms, it catalyzes the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (also known as RuBP).
Elbchaussee
The Elbchaussee (German pronunciation: [ˈɛlpʃɔˌseː]) is a famous thoroughfare of Hamburg, Germany, joining the city's western Elbe suburbs (Elbvororte) Othmarschen, Nienstedten and Blankenese with Altona and Hamburg's inner city. Running along the elevated northern Elbe shore, across Geest heights, embedded forests and meadows, the Elbchaussee offers scenic views across the widening Lower Elbe, onto the opposite plains of Altes Land, and the distant activities of the port's container terminals.

Elbchaussee is best known for its many stately homes and villas, framed by ancient trees and lush parks and gardens. Developed as a residential road in the 18th century, at times also center of a local recreational area, Elbchaussee today is still home to many of Hamburg's finest residences, restaurants and hotels. At a length of 8.6 kilometers (5.3 miles) and a traffic volume of 40,000 cars per day, it also covers functions as a local collector road and one of Hamburg's arterial roads.

Nienstedten
Nienstedten (German pronunciation: [niːnˈʃtɛtn̩]) is a quarter in the city of Hamburg, Germany. It belongs to the Altona borough on the right bank of the Elbe river. Nienstedten is home to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. In 2020 the population was 7,114.
Union of Armenians of Romania
The Union of Armenians of Romania (Romanian: Uniunea Armenilor din România, UAR; Armenian: Ռումինիայի Հայոց Միություն, romanized: Ṙuminiayi Hayeri Miutʿyun, RHM) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Armenian community.

Romanian ethnic minority parties
The Romanian Constitution (Article 62) provides seats in the Chamber of Deputies for representatives of ethnic minorities in Romania (with the limitation that each national minority is to be represented by one organization only). Minority organizations are exempt from the electoral threshold, and are guaranteed a seat so long as they earn at least 10% of the vote that was required for the last party eligible to earn a seat through the threshold.

The representatives elected in this manner sit in the Parliamentary Group of National Minorities (Romanian: Grupul parlamentar al minorităților naționale) in the Chamber of Deputies; the Group traditionally give confidence and supply to the government. The number of seats awarded to ethnic minorities varied from 10 in 1990 to 19 since 2024 onwards.
Bizkaia Arena
Bizkaia Arena is an indoor arena in Barakaldo, Greater Bilbao. It is the biggest multipurpose hall in Spain, as it can hold up to 26,000 people, and 15,414 for indoor sports. The arena is part of the Bilbao Exhibition Centre (BEC) complex, the Exhibition and Congress Centre of Bilbao and Biscay, inaugurated in April 2004.

The venue regularly hosts basketball games, for which it has a capacity of 15,414. It was one of the six venues used for the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup, hosted by Spain. The arena hosted the annual MTV Europe Music Awards in 2018 as the awards show was held in Spain for the third time and the first time in Bilbao.

Barakaldo
Barakaldo (Spanish: Baracaldo; Basque: Barakaldo [baɾakalðo]) is a municipality located in the Biscay province in the Basque Country in Spain. Located on the Left Bank of the Estuary of Bilbao, the city is part of Greater Bilbao, has a population as of the 2019 census at 100,881. Barakaldo has an industrial river-port heritage and has undergone significant redevelopment with new commercial and residential areas replacing the once active industrial zones.
Jimmy Wang (tennis)
Wang Yeu-tzuoo  (Chinese: 王宇佐; pinyin: Wáng Yǔzuǒ), who also goes by Jimmy Wang, (born February 8, 1985) is a Taiwanese former professional tennis player. Until the emergence of Lu Yen-hsun, Wang was the highest ranked player from Taiwan. The right-hander stands 5 feet 10 inches and weighs 141 pounds. Wang's trademark look is his wearing a white baseball cap backwards.

2001 Australian Open
The 2001 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Melbourne Park in Melbourne in Australia. It was the 89th edition of the Australian Open and was held from 15 through 28 January 2001.
Liu Jing (swimmer)
Liu Jing (simplified Chinese: 刘京; traditional Chinese: 劉京; pinyin: Liú Jīng; born March 8, 1990, in Beijing) is a Chinese swimmer, who competed for Team China at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics. Her brother, Liu Yuchen, is a badminton player.

Liu Yuchen
Liu Yuchen (Chinese: 刘雨辰; pinyin: Liú Yǔchén, born 25 July 1995) is a Chinese badminton player. He was the men's doubles World Champion in 2018, two-time Asian Champion in 2017 and 2018, and also a silver medalist at the 2020 Summer Olympics partnered with Li Junhui. Liu was part of the national team that won the 2018 Asian Games, 2018 Thomas Cup, and 2019 Sudirman Cup. Together with Li, he achieved the men's doubles world number 1 on 6 April 2017, and occupied the top ranking for ten weeks.
Angela Clarke (English actress)
Angela Clarke (born 1969) is an English actress best known for playing Colette Daly in the television drama series Soldier Soldier. She has also appeared in Brookside, Coronation Street, Liverpool 1, The Bill, Pie in the Sky, Family Affairs and Casualty.

She was brought up in the family home in Colwall Road in Kirkby, a town on the outskirts of Liverpool.

She is the younger sister of actress Margi Clarke, with whom she appeared in the films Letter to Brezhnev (1985) and Blonde Fist (1991), and screenwriter Frank Clarke (Brookside and Letter to Brezhnev).

Letter to Brezhnev
Letter to Brezhnev is a 1985 British romantic comedy film about working-class life in Liverpool, written by Frank Clarke and directed by Chris Bernard. It stars Alexandra Pigg, Margi Clarke, Alfred Molina, Peter Firth and Tracy Marshak-Nash (credited as Tracy Lea). Letter to Brezhnev presents Margaret Thatcher-era, high-unemployment Liverpool as a depressed and tough city fallen on hard times.
Erythricium salmonicolor
Erythricium salmonicolor is a species of fungus in the family Corticiaceae. Basidiocarps are effused, corticioid, smooth, and pinkish and grow on wood. The fungus is a commercially significant plant pathogen which has become a serious problem, especially in Brazil. Erythricium salmonicolor causes Pink Disease, most commonly in Citrus, although E. salmonicolor has a wide host range including rubber and cacao trees. Pink Disease causes branch and stem die-back due to canker formation. The cankers are recognizable by gum exudation and longitudinal splitting of the bark.

Corticiaceae
The Corticiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Corticiales. The family formerly included almost all the corticioid (patch- or crust-forming) fungi, whether they were related or not, and as such was highly artificial. In its current sense, however, the name Corticiaceae is restricted to a comparatively small group of corticioid genera within the Corticiales.
Invariance of domain
Invariance of domain is a theorem in topology about homeomorphic subsets of Euclidean space . 
It states:

If  is an open subset of  and  is an injective continuous map, then  is open in  and  is a homeomorphism between  and .

The theorem and its proof are due to L. E. J. Brouwer, published in 1912. 
The proof uses tools of algebraic topology, notably the Brouwer fixed point theorem.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Ahmed Ould Bouceif
Lt. Col. Ahmed Ould Bouceif (Arabic: أحمد ولد بوسيف, 1934 – 27 May 1979) was a Mauritanian military officer and political leader. On April 6, 1979, he seized power in a coup d'état together with Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah and other officers, ousting Col. Mustafa Ould Salek from real power, however kept in his symbolic position with no real power until June 3, 1979.

He became the 2nd Prime Minister of Mauritania in the new government. He died the following month when a DHC-5 Buffalo airplane of the Air Force, crashed off the coast of Dakar, Senegal, at which point Haidallah emerged as the regime's main strongman.

Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
Colonel Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla (Arabic: محمد خونا ولد هيداله Muḥammad Khouna Wald Haidalla; born 1940) is a Mauritanian former military officer and politician who served as  the head of state of Mauritania from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984.

He was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2003 presidential election and the 2007 presidential election.
Nutrition facts label
The nutrition facts label (also known as the nutrition information panel, and other slight variations) is a label required on most packaged food in many countries, showing what nutrients and other ingredients (to limit and get enough of) are in the food. Labels are usually based on official nutritional rating systems. Most countries also release overall nutrition guides for general educational purposes. In some cases, the guides are based on different dietary targets for various nutrients than the labels on specific foods.

Nutrition facts labels are one of many types of food labels required by regulation or applied by manufacturers. They were first introduced in the U.S. in 1994, and in the U.K. in 1996.

Serving size
A serving size or portion size is the amount of a food or drink that is generally served.

A distinction is made between a portion size as determined by an external agent, such as a food manufacturer, chef, or restaurant, and a "self selected portion size" in which an individual has control over the portion in a meal or snack. Self-selected portion size is determined by several factors such as the palatability of a food and the extent to which it is expected to reduce hunger and to generate fullness.
Thea von Harbou
Thea Gabriele von Harbou (27 December 1888 – 1 July 1954) was a German screenwriter, novelist, film director, and actress. She is remembered as the screenwriter of the science fiction film classic Metropolis (1927) and for the 1925 novel on which it was based. Von Harbou collaborated as a screenwriter with film director Fritz Lang, her husband, during the period of transition from silent to sound films.

The Rocket to the Moon (novel)
The Rocket to the Moon (German: Die Frau im Mond) is a 1928 science fiction novel by the German writer Thea von Harbou. Its German title is Die Frau im Mond, which means "The Woman in the Moon". It is about a fictitious Moon mission. The book was translated into English by Baroness von Hutten and published in 1930 as The Girl in the Moon. It was republished in 1977 as The Rocket to the Moon.
Stuttgart Stadtbahn
The Stuttgart Stadtbahn is a light rail Stadtbahn system in Stuttgart, Germany. The Stadtbahn began service on 28 September 1985. It is operated by the Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG (SSB), which also operates the bus systems in that city. The Stuttgart Stadtbahn is successor system of a tram network (Straßenbahnen) that characterized the urban traffic in Stuttgart for decades.

The network of the Stadtbahn covers much of Stuttgart and also reaches the neighbouring towns of Remseck am Neckar, Fellbach, Ostfildern, Leinfelden-Echterdingen and Gerlingen (clockwise). Currently, the Stuttgart Stadtbahn system is made up of fourteen main lines (U1-U9, U12-U15, U19), a special event line (U11) and two temporary lines during construction site, serving 203 stations, and operating on 130 kilometres (81 mi) of route. In 2014, the Stuttgart Stadtbahn carried 174.9 million passengers.

Dual gauge
A dual gauge railroad track has three or four rails, allowing vehicles of two track gauges to run on it.

Signalling and sidings are more expensive to install on dual gauge tracks than on two single gauge tracks. Dual gauge is used when there is not enough room for two single tracks or when tracks of two different gauges meet in marshalling yards or train stations.
Ceylon Petroleum Corporation
Ceylon Petroleum Corporation, commonly known as CEYPETCO (CPC), is a Sri Lankan oil and gas company. Established in 1962 and wholly owned by the Government of Sri Lanka, it is the largest oil company in Sri Lanka. It was formed in 1961 by nationalisation and expropriation of all private oil companies in Sri Lanka at the time of its formation. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum Resources Development headquartered in Colombo. It is the largest government owned company in the country, with an operational profit of Rs. 33.9 billion for the financial year 2020.

CPC provides a substantial source of income for the Sri Lanka government, with 30% of the government's budget dependent on the company's dividend. In December 2018, CPC became Sri Lanka's most loss government corporation of the second consecutive years, with a record loss of Rs. 326 billion at the end of 2018.

Lanka IOC
Lanka IOC PLC is a subsidiary of Indian Oil Corporation which operates retail petrol and diesel stations in Sri Lanka. LIOC is Sri Lanka's only private sector organisation retailing fuels with an island-wide distribution network of 213 retail outlets. Its headquarters in the Colombo City, Colombo.
Turners Falls–Gill Bridge
The Turners Falls–Gill Bridge (sometimes called the Gill–Montague Bridge), is a steel deck truss bridge crossing the Connecticut River in Massachusetts. It connects the Town of Gill with the village of Turners Falls in the Town of Montague.  The bridge carries automobile and pedestrian traffic.

Turners Falls, Massachusetts
Turners Falls is an unincorporated village and census-designated place in the town of Montague in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 4,512 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its name is often used as a metonym for the entire town of Montague, for which it is the business district and comprises more than half the population.
La Maroma
La Maroma, also known as Tejeda, at an altitude of 2069 m, is the highest peak of the Sierra de Tejeda, Penibaetic System, Spain. The summit is located in the region of Axarquía on the border between the provinces of Granada and Málaga.

The name La Maroma ("The Rope") comes from a rope used to descend to an ancient ice house located close to the summit. This mountain is in the Sierras of Tejeda, Almijara and Alhama Natural Park.

Penibaetic System
The Penibaetic System (Spanish: Sistema Penibético or Cordillera Penibética) is the southernmost of the three systems of mountain ranges of the Baetic System in the southern Iberian Peninsula. It includes the highest point in the peninsula, 3,478 m high Mulhacén in the Sierra Nevada.
EOKA
The Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston (EOKA /eɪˈoʊkə/; Greek: Εθνική Οργάνωσις Κυπρίων Αγωνιστών, lit. 'National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters') was a Greek Cypriot nationalist guerrilla organization that fought a campaign for the end of British rule in Cyprus, and for eventual union with Greece.

John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton
Field Marshal Allan Francis Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton, GCB, CBE, DSO & Two Bars, MC (10 February 1896 – 20 January 1989), known as John Harding, was a senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War, served in the Malayan Emergency, and later advised the British government on the response to the Mau Mau Uprising. He also served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), the professional head of the British Army, and was Governor of Cyprus from 1955 to 1957 during the Cyprus Emergency. His administration of Cyprus was controversial for its authoritarian treatment of suspected insurgents and civilians.
Alcor Life Extension Foundation
The Alcor Life Extension Foundation, most often referred to as Alcor, is an American nonprofit, federally tax-exempt, 501(c)(3) organization based in Scottsdale, Arizona, United States. Alcor advocates for, researches, and performs cryonics, the freezing of human corpses and brains in liquid nitrogen after legal death, with hopes of resurrecting and restoring them to full health if the technology to do so becomes available in the future. Cryonics is regarded with skepticism within the scientific community and has been characterized as quackery and pseudoscience.

As of October 2023, Alcor had 1,927 members, including 222 who have died and whose corpses have been subject to cryonic processes; 116 bodies had only their head preserved. Alcor also applies its cryonic process to the bodies of pets. As of February 2009, there were 33 animal bodies preserved.

Dick Clair
Dick Clair (November 12, 1931 – December 12, 1988) was an American television producer, actor and television and film writer, best known for the television sitcoms It's a Living, The Facts of Life, and Mama's Family.