hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frose–Quedlinburg railway
The Frose–Quedlinburg railway, also called the Balkan ("Balkans") locally, was a standard gauge branch line on the northern rim of the Harz Mountains in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. The line runs from Frose via Gernrode to Quedlinburg. It was closed in 2004. The Gernrode–Quedlinburg section was subsequently converted by the Harz Narrow Gauge Railway Company to metre gauge. Since 26 June 2006 the line has been re-opened as part of the Selke Valley Railway.

Harz Narrow Gauge Railways
The Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (German: Harzer Schmalspurbahnen or HSB) is a railway company that operates a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge network in the Harz mountains, in central Germany (formerly East Germany).  The company was formed after the fall of the Berlin Wall when the network, operated then by the Deutsche Reichsbahn, was privatised. It owns about 140 kilometres (87 miles)) of track, connecting the principal towns of Wernigerode, Nordhausen and Quedlinburg and several smaller settlements in the area. Much of the network is steeply graded and picturesque, but its most popular destination is the Brocken, the highest mountain in the region. The company runs a significant number of its trains with steam haulage, mostly employing 1950s vintage 2-10-2 tank locomotives, hauling traditional open-platform bogie carriages.  The company is mainly owned by the various local authorities whose territories it serves.
Gs alpha subunit
The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα) is a subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs that stimulates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase. Gsα is a GTPase that functions as a cellular signaling protein. 
Gsα is the founding member of one of the four families of heterotrimeric G proteins, defined by the alpha subunits they contain: the Gαs family, Gαi/Gαo family, Gαq family, and Gα12/Gα13 family. The Gs-family has only two members: the other member is Golf, named for its predominant expression in the olfactory system. In humans, Gsα is encoded by the GNAS complex locus, while Golfα is encoded by the GNAL gene.

Protein kinase A
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKA) is a family of serine-threonine kinases whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). PKA is also known as cAMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.11). PKA has several functions in the cell, including regulation of glycogen, sugar, and lipid metabolism. It should not be confused with 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP-activated protein kinase).
Larry Munson
Lawrence Harry Munson (September 28, 1922 – November 20, 2011) was an American sports announcer and talk show host.  He was best known for handling radio play-by-play of the Georgia Bulldogs football games from 1966 to 2008.  He also handled the play-by-play for UGA basketball and Atlanta Falcons radio broadcasts and hosted sports-related talk shows.

David Greene (American football)
David Norman Greene (born June 22, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Georgia Bulldogs. Green was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the third round of the 2005 NFL draft. He was also a member of the New England Patriots, Kansas City Chiefs, and Indianapolis Colts. He retired following the 2008 season, having never played in a regular season game.
Rick Roberts (musician)
Richard James Roberts (born August 31, 1949) is an American country rock and soft rock singer-songwriter who recorded with many influential artists over several genres. He is best known as a founding member and lead singer of Firefall from 1974 to 1981, as well as for his work with the Flying Burrito Brothers on their 1971 self-titled album. He also recorded two solo albums, Windmills in 1972 and She Is a Song in 1973.

Chris Hillman
Christopher Hillman (born December 4, 1944) is an American musician. He was the original bassist of the Byrds. With frequent collaborator Gram Parsons, Hillman was a key figure in the development of country rock, defining the genre through his work with the Byrds, the Flying Burrito Brothers, Manassas and the country-rock group the Desert Rose Band. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991 as a member of the Byrds.
Macchi M.C.72
The Macchi M.C. 72 is an experimental floatplane designed and built by the Italian aircraft company Macchi Aeronautica. The M.C. 72 held the world speed record for all aircraft for five years. In 1933 and 1934 it set world speed records for piston engine-powered seaplanes; the latter still stands.

Fiat AS.6
The Fiat AS.6 was an unusual Italian 24-cylinder, liquid-cooled V configured aircraft racing engine designed and built in the late-1920s by Fiat especially for the Schneider Trophy air races, but development and running problems meant that it was never able to compete. Although the engine suffered from technical problems, it was later used to set a speed record for piston-powered seaplanes that still stands today.
Margaret Mary Alacoque
Margaret Mary Alacoque VSM (French: Marguerite-Marie Alacoque; 22 July 1647 – 17 October 1690) was a French Visitation nun and mystic who promoted devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus in its modern form.

Visions of Jesus and Mary
A number of people have claimed to have had visions of Jesus Christ and personal conversations with him. Some people make similar claims regarding his mother, Mary. Discussions about the authenticity of these visions have often invited controversy. The Catholic Church endorses a fraction of these claims, and various visionaries it accepts have achieved beatification, or even sainthood.

The first reported visions of Christ, and personal conversations with him, after his resurrection and prior to his ascension are found in the New Testament. One of the most widely recalled resurrection appearances of Jesus is the doubting Thomas conversation (John 20:24–29) between Jesus and Thomas the Apostle after his death.
Hybophthirus
Hybophthirus notophallus is a member of the superfamily Anoplura, meaning it is an ectoparasite that feeds on the blood of its mammalian host. It is a highly specialized louse that parasitizes Orycteropus afer, commonly known as the aardvark. This louse is the only species within the genus Hybophthirus and the family Hybophthiridae.

A notable characteristic of Hybophthirus notophallus is the bearing of a structure resembling a claw in addition to the true claw. Because this species is so specialized, it is believed that it has coevolved with its host over a significant period of time.

The species was first discovered in the Gochas village of Namibia. However, it can be found in various other African countries, including South Africa, Tanzania, and Kenya. The species was first described by Gustav Enderlein in 1909.

Sucking louse
Sucking lice (known scientifically as Anoplura) are a parvorder of around 550 species of lice. All sucking lice are blood-feeding ectoparasites of mammals. They can cause localized skin irritations and are vectors of several blood-borne diseases.

At least three species or subspecies of Anoplura are parasites of humans; the human condition of being infested with sucking lice is called pediculosis. Pediculus humanus is divided into two subspecies, Pediculus humanus humanus, or the human body louse, sometimes nicknamed "the seam squirrel" for its habit of laying of eggs in the seams of clothing, and Pediculus humanus capitis, or the human head louse. Pthirus pubis (the human pubic louse) is the cause of the condition known as crabs.
Grigol Dadiani
Grigol Dadiani (Georgian: გრიგოლ დადიანი; 1770 – 23 October 1804), of the House of Dadiani, was Prince of Mingrelia from 1788 to 1804, with intermissions from 1791 to 1794 and in 1802 when his position was filled by his rivaling brothers. His rule was marred by the long-standing struggle between the Imeretian crown seeking to subdue Mingrelia and Mingrelian efforts to win full independence, a continuation of the conflict which had plagued western Georgia for centuries. Grigol's rapprochement with the expanding Russian Empire resulted in Mingrelia becoming, in 1804, a Russian subject with a degree of internal autonomy under the Dadiani dynasty, an arrangement which remained in place until 1856.

House of Dadiani
The House of Dadiani (Georgian: დადიანი [dadiani]), later known as the House of Dadiani-Chikovani, was a Georgian family of nobles, dukes and princes, and a ruling dynasty of the western Georgian province of Mingrelia.
Roland Mertelsmann
Roland Mertelsmann is a hematologist, oncologist and professor emeritus at the University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. Mertelsmann is known for his scientific works in the fields of hematology, oncology, gene therapy and stem cell transplantation.

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK or MSKCC) is a cancer treatment and research institution in Manhattan in New York City. MSKCC is one of 72 National Cancer Institute–designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers. Its main campus is located at 1275 York Avenue between 67th and 68th Streets in Manhattan.

It was formed in 1980 from the merger of the Memorial Hospital for the Treatment of Cancer and Allied Diseases, founded in 1884, and the adjacent Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, founded in 1945. The two medical entities had formally coordinated their operations since 1960.
Evenki people
The Evenki, or Tungusy, are a Tungusic people of North Asia. In Russia, the Evenki are recognised as one of the Indigenous peoples of the Russian North, with a population of 38,396 (2010 census). In China, the Evenki form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, with a population of 34,617 (2020 census). There are 537 Evenki in The Country of Mongolia (2015 census), called Khamnigan in the Mongolian language.

Tungusic languages
The Tungusic languages (/tʊŋˈɡʊsɪk/; also known as Manchu–Tungus and Tungus) form a language family spoken in Eastern Siberia and Manchuria by Tungusic peoples. Many Tungusic languages are endangered. There are approximately 75,000 native speakers of the dozen living languages of the Tungusic language family. The term "Tungusic" is from an exonym for the Evenk people (Ewenki) used by the Yakuts ("tongus").
Beechcraft Baron
The Beechcraft Baron is a light twin-engined piston aircraft designed and produced by Beechcraft. The aircraft was introduced in 1961. It is a low-wing monoplane developed from the Beechcraft Travel Air.

The Baron was a success and remained in production for decades. In November 2025, Textron Aviation (the owner of Beechcraft) announced that production of the Baron and the related Beechcraft Bonanza will end once current orders are fulfilled. Textron plans to provide parts and support for the Baron indefinitely.

Lycoming TIO-541
The Lycoming TIO-541 engine is a turbocharged, fuel-injected, horizontally opposed, six-cylinder aircraft engine featuring three cylinders per side, manufactured by Lycoming Engines.

The TIO-541 family of engines includes the TIGO-541 turbocharged, fuel-injected, geared, horizontally opposed engine.

There is no carburetted, non-turbocharged version of the engine, which would have been designated O-541 and therefore the base model is the TIO-541.
Gulfport, Illinois
Gulfport is a village in Henderson County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the village population was 42, down from 54 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Burlington, IA–IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. The village was completely submerged, save the roofs of some homes and buildings, by a levee break during the flood of 2008.

Henderson County, Illinois
Henderson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it has a population of 6,387. Its county seat is Oquawka. Henderson County is part of the Burlington, IA–IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Meenkarappuzha
Meenkarappuzha River is one of the tributaries of the river Gayathripuzha. The Gayathripuzha in turn  is one of the main  tributaries of the  Bharathapuzha River, the second-longest river in Kerala, south India.

Bharathappuzha
The Bharathappuzha ("River of Bhārata"), also known as the Nila River, is a river in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. With a length of 209 km, it is the second longest river that flows through Kerala after the Periyar. It flows through the Palakkad Gap, which is also the largest opening in the Kerala portion of the Western Ghats. The Nila has groomed the culture and life of South Malabar part of Kerala. It is also referred to as  the "Peraar" in ancient scripts and documents. River Bharathapuzha is an interstate river and lifeline water source for a population residing in four administrative districts, namely Malappuram and Palakkad districts, and parts of Palakkad-Thrissur district border of Kerala and Coimbatore, and Tiruppur of Tamil Nadu. The fertile Thrissur-Ponnani Kole Wetlands lie on its bank.
Sokponta
Sokponta is an arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Glazoué. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 5,429.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Roger Swinfen Eady, 3rd Baron Swinfen
Roger Mynors Swinfen Eady, 3rd Baron Swinfen, MBE, JP (14 December 1938 – 5 June 2022) was a British politician and philanthropist, who was one of the ninety two hereditary peers elected to remain in the House of Lords following the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. He sat as a Conservative.

Baron Swinfen
Baron Swinfen, of Chertsey in the County of Surrey, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1919 for the lawyer and judge Sir Charles Swinfen Eady upon his retirement as Master of the Rolls. He died only two weeks after his elevation to the peerage and was succeeded by his only son, the second Baron. As of 2022 the title is held by the latter's grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded in 2022.

The third baron and his wife set up the Swinfen Charitable Trust in 1998, with the aim of assisting poor, sick and disabled people in the developing world. The Trust establishes telemedicine links between hospitals in the developing world and specialists who give free advice by e-mail.

The author Mary Wesley was the first wife of the second Baron Swinfen and the mother of the third Baron.
Board of Fortifications
Several boards have been appointed by US presidents or Congress to evaluate the US defensive fortifications, primarily coastal defenses near strategically important harbors on the US shores, its territories, and its protectorates.

Fort Hancock (New Jersey)
Fort Hancock is a former United States Army fort at Sandy Hook in Middletown Township, New Jersey. The coastal artillery base defended the Atlantic coast and the entrance to New York Harbor, with its first gun batteries operational in 1896. The fort served from then until 1950 as part of the Harbor Defenses of New York and predecessor organizations. Between 1874 and 1919, the adjacent US Army Sandy Hook Proving Ground was operated in conjunction with Fort Hancock. It is now part of Fort Hancock Memorial Park. It was preceded by the Fort at Sandy Hook, built 1857–1867 and demolished beginning in 1885.

The Sandy Hook Light, built in 1764 and the oldest working lighthouse in the United States, is located on the grounds of Fort Hancock.
Internet in India
Internet in India, which began in 1986 with access only to the educational and research community and on 15 August 1995 with access to the general public. In 2025, india has over 1 billion internet users. As of 2025, 7 in 10 Indians are now online, with 70% internet penetration. It is reported that in 2022 an average mobile Internet consumption in India was 19.5GB per month and the mobile data usage per month rose from 4.5 exabytes in 2018 to 14.4 exabytes in 2022. The Indian Government has embarked on Mega projects such as Digital India, BharatNet, Common Service Centres, UPI instant payment system, Startup India, and others to further expedite the growth of internet-based ecosystems.

Mobile telephone numbering in India
In India, mobile numbers (including pagers) on GSM, WCDMA, LTE and NR networks start with either 9, 8, 7 or 6. Each telecom circle is allowed to have multiple private operators; previously it was two private + BSNL/MTNL, subsequently it changed to three private + BSNL/MTNL in GSM; however currently each telecom circle has all four operators including Reliance Jio, Bharti Airtel, Vodafone Idea and BSNL/MTNL.

All mobile phone numbers are 10 digits long. The way to split the numbers is 
defined in the National Numbering Plan as XXXXX-NNNNN. Here, XXXXX identifies the network operator and the telecom circle while NNNNN identifies the subscriber.
While 'XXXXX' used to be network operator identification. Due to Mobile number portability XXXXX-NNNNN no longer a good way to split. Instead XXXX-NNN-NNN is a better format. Where XXXX represents the geographic location and NNN-NNN represents the subscriber number. This split of XXXX-NNN-NNN offers better readability.
Canadarago Lake
Canadarago Lake is a 1,917-acre (7.76 km2) lake located in Otsego County, New York and is the source of Oaks Creek. The Village of Richfield Springs is located at the lake's northern end. It is the second largest lake in Otsego County, lying to the west of and parallel to the larger Otsego Lake. The lake's name is also spelled "Candajarago Lake" or "Caniadaraga Lake".

The lake has two islands. One island is known as Deowongo Island. The island's name is said to mean, "Place of Hearing", coming from the Oneida Iroquois nation’s language, and was given to the island because of the echo that was noticeable from that body of land. The island was protected in October 2012 and is currently open for public access. The other island is Loon Island which is a sunken island that disappeared in the early 19th century.

Otsego, New York
Otsego is a town in the north-central part of Otsego County, New York, United States. The population was 3,641 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Lake Otsego, which forms part of the town's eastern border. Most of the village of Cooperstown is within the town.
1st North Carolina Regiment
The 1st North Carolina Regiment of the Continental Army was raised on September 1, 1775, at Wilmington, North Carolina (originally authorized by the North Carolina Provincial Congress as state troops but on November 28, 1775, it became part of the Continental Army per direction of the Continental Congress). In January 1776 the organization contained eight companies. Francis Nash was appointed colonel in April 1776. The regiment was present at the defense of Charleston in 1776. It transferred from the Southern Department to George Washington's main army in February 1777. At that time, Thomas Clark became colonel of the 1st Regiment. The regiment became part of General Francis Nash's North Carolina Brigade in July.

William Lee Davidson
William Lee Davidson (1746–1781) was an officer in the North Carolina militia and Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He was born in Pennsylvania and moved with his family to Rowan County, North Carolina in 1750.   He was killed at the Battle of Cowan's Ford.
ESCE International Business School
ESCE International Business School (ESCE - Ecole Supérieure du Commerce Extérieur) is a business school founded in 1968 by Business France (French Office for International Trade) and located in La Défense, Paris. It is a member of France's Conférence des Grandes Ecoles since 2012. The school has ~ 2,500 students and 9,300 Alumni.

The school offers bachelor's degrees, internationally accredited Masters in Management and Summer Programs.

Among famous speakers, former Prime Ministers Tony Blair, Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Michel Rocard and Alain Juppé contributed to conferences at ESCE.

The Paris-based business school is renowned in France and Europe for its network of entrepreneurs, who founded some notable French start-ups (Zenly, Simplified, Sixth June, Interactive Mobility...).

University of International Business and Economics
The University of International Business and Economics (UIBE; 对外经济贸易大学) is a public university located in Chaoyang, Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education. and co-funded by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Commerce. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction. It is the only finance and economics university in China accredited by EQUIS, AACSB, CAMEA, and AMBA, and one of 15 universities in mainland China with AACSB, EQUIS, and AMBA accreditations(the fifth university in China to receive all three accreditations).

The university emphasizes on economics, finance, international business, management, business, law, foreign languages and international relations. and is recognized as one of China's leading universities in the studies of business and finance. It was established in 1951 in Beijing by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of China.
Geography of Ladakh
Ladakh is an administrative territory of India that has been under its control since 1947. The geographical region of Ladakh union territory is the highest altitude plateau region in India (much of it being over 3,000 m), incorporating parts of the Himalayan and Karakoram mountain ranges and the upper Indus River and valley.

Nubra River
The Nubra River is a river in the Nubra district of Ladakh in India. It is a tributary of the Shyok River (a part of the Indus River system) and originates from the Siachen Glacier, the second-longest non-polar glacier in the world.
The Saint in London
The Saint in London is a 1939 British crime film, the third of eight films in RKO's film series featuring the adventures of Simon Templar, alias "The Saint".

It stars George Sanders as Templar and was produced by William Sistrom. John Paddy Carstairs directed. Lynn Root and Frank Fenton wrote the screenplay based on Leslie Charteris' short story "The Million Pound Day", which was published in the 1932 collection The Holy Terror, published in the United States as The Saint vs. Scotland Yard.

The Saint (Simon Templar)
The Saint is the nickname of the fictional character Simon Templar, featured in a series of novels and short stories by Leslie Charteris published between 1928 and 1963. After that date other authors collaborated with Charteris on books until 1983; two additional works produced without Charteris's participation were published in 1997. The character has also been portrayed in the franchise The Saint, which includes motion pictures, radio dramas, comic strips, comic books, and three television series.