hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Margaret Ayer Barnes
Margaret Ayer Barnes (April 8, 1886, Chicago, Illinois – October 25, 1967, Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American playwright, novelist, and short-story writer. Her 1930 novel Years of Grace was awarded the Pulitzer Prize.

Years of Grace
Years of Grace is a 1930 novel by Margaret Ayer Barnes. It won the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1931. Despite this recognition, it is not her best-known work; that honor belongs to Dishonored Lady, a play she co-wrote with Edward Sheldon, which was adapted twice into film (first as Letty Lynton and later with its actual title).

Barnes' alma mater Bryn Mawr College, along with the characters of college presidents M. Carey Thomas and Marion Park, figure prominently in this work. The story, beginning in the 1890s and continuing into the 1930s, chronicles the life of Jane Ward Carver from her teens to age 54. This novel follows many of the same themes as Barnes' other works. Centering on the social manners of upper middle class society, her female protagonists are often traditionalists, struggling to uphold conventional morality in the face of changing social climates.
Madame Récamier (1928 film)
Madame Récamier is a 1928 French silent historical film directed by Tony Lekain and Gaston Ravel and starring Marie Bell, Françoise Rosay, and Edmond Van Daële. The film portrays the life of Juliette Récamier, a French society figure of the Napoleonic Era. She was also the subject of a 1920 German film of the same name.

Marie Bell
Marie Bell (23 December 1900 – 14 August 1985), born Marie-Jeanne Bellon-Downey, was a French tragedian, comic actor and stage director. She was the director of the Théâtre du Gymnase in Paris from 1962 onwards, and this theatre now bears her name.
Scream queen
A scream queen (a wordplay on screen queen) is an actress who is prominent and influential in horror films, either through a notable appearance or recurring roles. The title is a buzzword used by critics and has gained positive and negative responses. Scream King is the male version of the title. Notable scream queen examples include Fay Wray, Jamie Lee Curtis, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Sigourney Weaver, Neve Campbell, Mia Goth, Melissa Barrera, Shawnee Smith, Bipasha Basu, Angela Bassett and Linnea Quigley.

Fay Wray
Vina Fay Wray (September 15, 1907 – August 8, 2004) was a Canadian-American actress best known for starring as Ann Darrow in the 1933 film King Kong. Through an acting career that spanned nearly six decades, Wray attained international recognition as an actress in horror films. She has been dubbed the first "scream queen".

She had minor film roles, and gained media attention as one of the "WAMPAS Baby Stars" in 1926. This led to her contract with Paramount Pictures as a teenager, where she made more than a dozen feature films. After leaving Paramount, she signed deals with various film companies, got her first roles in horror films and many other types, including in The Bowery (1933) and Viva Villa! (1934), both of which star Wallace Beery. For RKO Radio Pictures, Inc., Wray starred in her most identifiable film, King Kong (1933). After its success, she had numerous roles in film and television, retiring in 1980.
Astorre II Manfredi
Astorre II Manfredi (8 December 1412 – 12 March 1468) was lord of Imola from 1439 and of Faenza from 1443.

He was born in Faenza, the son of Gian Galeazzo I Manfredi. Apart Faenza and Imola, he was Papal vicar at Fusignano and other lands in Romagna together with his brother Gian Galeazzo II. He also fought as captain for several local rulers.

In 1431 he married Giovanna da Barbiano, daughter of the famous condottiero Alberico da Barbiano. His sons Carlo and Galeotto were both lords of Faenza after Astorre's death.

Carlo II Manfredi
Carlo II Manfredi (1439–1484) was a lord of Faenza, in northern Italy.

Born in Faenza, Romagna, he was the son of Astorre II Manfredi. He succeeded the latter in 1468 as Papal vicar in the city and its neighbourhood. In 1471, Carlo married Costanza da Varano, the daughter of Rodolfo da Varano, Lord of Camerino.

He left the lordship of Faenza in 1477 and died in Rimini in 1484.
Transmutation of species
The Transmutation of species and transformism are 18th and early 19th-century ideas about the change of one species into another that preceded Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection. The French Transformisme was a term used by Jean Baptiste Lamarck in 1809 for his theory, and other 18th and 19th century proponents of pre-Darwinian evolutionary ideas included Denis Diderot, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Erasmus Darwin, Robert Grant, and Robert Chambers, the anonymous author of the 1844 book Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. Such ideas were associated with 18th century ideas of Deism and human progress. Opposition in the scientific community to these early theories of evolution, led by influential scientists like the anatomists Georges Cuvier and Richard Owen, and the geologist Charles Lyell, was intense. The debate over them was an important stage in the history of evolutionary thought and influenced the subsequent reaction to Darwin's theory.

Robert Chambers (publisher, born 1802)
Robert Chambers FRSE FGS (/ˈtʃeɪmbərz/; 10 July 1802 – 17 March 1871) was a Scottish publisher, geologist, evolutionary thinker, author and journal editor who, like his elder brother and business partner William Chambers, was highly influential in mid-19th-century scientific and political circles.

Chambers was an early phrenologist in the Edinburgh Phrenological Society. He was also the anonymous author of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, which was so controversial that his authorship was not acknowledged until after his death.
Drakelow Tunnels
Drakelow Tunnels are a former underground military complex beneath the Blakeshall Estate north of Kidderminster, Worcestershire, covering 285,000 sq ft (26,500 m2), with a total length of around 3.5 miles (5.6 km). They were originally built as a Second World War shadow factory, and were developed during the Cold War to be a fall-back government centre.

Kidderminster
Kidderminster is a market town and civil parish in Worcestershire, England, 18 miles (29 km) south-west of Birmingham and 15 miles (24 km) north of Worcester. Located north of the River Stour and east of the River Severn, in the 2021 census, it had a population of 57,400. The town is twinned with Husum, Germany.

Situated in the far north of Worcestershire (and with its northern suburbs only 3 and 4 miles from the Staffordshire and Shropshire borders respectively), the town is the main administration centre for the wider Wyre Forest District, which includes the towns of Stourport-on-Severn and Bewdley, along with other outlying settlements.
Ixodes scapularis
Ixodes scapularis is a hard-bodied tick found in much of the eastern half of North America. It is commonly known as the deer tick, owing to its habit of parasitizing the white-tailed deer. It is also sometimes known as the black-legged tick (although some people reserve that specific term for Ixodes pacificus, which is found on the west coast of the US), and as the bear tick in some parts of the US. It was also named Ixodes dammini until it was shown to be the same species in 1993.

It is a vector for several diseases of animals, including humans (Lyme disease, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, Powassan virus disease, etc.). It is also known to parasitize mice, lizards, migratory birds, etc. especially while the tick is in the larval or nymphal stage.

Ixodes pacificus
Ixodes pacificus, the western black-legged tick, is a species of tick found on the western coast of North America. The western black-legged tick is a hard tick, i.e., a member of the family Ixodidae. The larvae and nymphs typically feed on lizards and small mammals, while adults typically feed on deer. It is an ectoparasite that attaches itself to the outside of its host and feeds on the host's blood. It can have a heteroxenous lifestyle or monoxenous life cycle depending on how many hosts it feeds on in each cycle. I. pacificus has a four-stage life cycle that takes around 3 years to complete; these stages include egg, larva, nymph, and adult. They prefer dense woodland habitats or areas of brush and tall grass.

It is the principal vector of Lyme disease in that region, while the deer tick, Ixodes scapularis, is the vector to the east.
Kalpathy River
The Kalpathy River, also known as the Kalpathipuzha, is one of the main tributaries of the Bharathapuzha River, the second-longest river in Kerala, south India.

The Kalpathipuzha originates in the upper slopes of the Western Ghats deep inside Palakkad district from the place called Chenthamarakulam in the hills, north of Walayar. It is formed from the confluence of four tributaries, namely the Malampuzha River, Walayar River, Korayar River, and Varattar River. The Malampuzha Dam is built across this river just before Palakkad city. The river is named after the Kalpathy Siva temple in the city which is famous for its festival.

One of the problems faced by the Kalpathipuzha, like most other rivers in Kerala, is illegal sand mining. This has left many pits in the riverbed, which leads to shrub growth. During summer the river is covered by a green carpet of Water Hyacinth and other shrubs.

Malampuzha River
Malampuzha River is one of the tributaries of the river Kalpathipuzha. Malampuzha Dam is built across the river at Malampuzha about 8 km from the Palakkad city in the Indian state of Kerala. The reservoir formed by the Malampuzha Dam is 23.13 square kilometres in area and is the second largest reservoir in Kerala after the Idukki reservoir. The construction of Malampuzha dam started in the year 1949 and was completed in the year 1955. The project is estimated to have cost around Rs. 53 million. Malampuzha river joins the Kalpathipuzha, a tributary of the Bharathapuzha at Palakkad. Kalpathipuzha then flows westward to join Kannadipuzha at Parali to form Bharathapuzha, which ultimately flows until Ponnani, passing through towns and villages Mankara, Pathirippala, Lakkidi, Thiruvilwamala, Ottapalam, Mayannur, Shoranur, Cheruthuruthy, Thirumittakode, Pattambi, Thrithala, Kudallur, Kuttippuram, Thirunavaya and Chamravattom.
Ben Hutton
Ben Hutton (born April 20, 1993) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL). Hutton was drafted 147th overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 2012 NHL entry draft.

Hutton played Junior A with the Kemptville 73's and Nepean Raiders of the Central Canada Hockey League before joining the college hockey ranks with the Maine Black Bears of the Hockey East league. Hutton earned All-Hockey East First Team honours during his college career. Internationally, he represented Canada at the 2011 World Junior A Challenge, winning silver, and played for Canada at the 2016 IIHF World Championship in Moscow, winning gold. Hutton won the Stanley Cup with the Golden Knights in 2023.

Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey
The Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey is an (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Maine. The Black Bears are a member of Hockey East. Home games are played at Harold Alfond Sports Arena commonly known as Alfond Arena in Orono, Maine.

The Black Bears have appeared in 11 Frozen Fours, have a 29-21 record in NCAA Tournament games, and have won two national championships—in 1993 and 1999.
Molecular replacement
Molecular replacement (MR) is a method of solving the phase problem in X-ray crystallography. MR relies upon the existence of a previously solved protein structure which is similar to our unknown structure from which the diffraction data is derived. This could come from a homologous protein, or from the lower-resolution protein NMR structure of the same protein.

The first goal of the crystallographer is to obtain an electron density map, density being related with diffracted wave as follows:

With usual detectors the intensity  is being measured, and all the information about phase () is lost. Then, in the absence of phases (Φ), we are unable to complete the shown Fourier transform relating the experimental data from X-ray crystallography (in reciprocal space) to real-space electron density, into which the atomic model is built. MR tries to find the model which fits best experimental intensities among known structures.

Phase problem
In physics, the phase problem is the problem of loss of information concerning the phase that can occur when making a physical measurement. The name comes from the field of X-ray crystallography, where the phase problem has to be solved for the determination of a structure from diffraction data. The phase problem is also met in the fields of imaging and signal processing. Various approaches of phase retrieval have been developed over the years.
2.01 (Buran-class spacecraft)
2.01 (GRAU index serial number 11F35 3K) is the designation of the third Buran-class orbiter to be produced as part of the Soviet/Russian Buran programme. Its construction was not complete when the Buran programme was cancelled (30–50 percent done), so it remains unfinished.  It was never officially named, though it's often referred to as Baikal (Russian: Байкал) after Lake Baikal.

Buran (spacecraft)
Buran (Russian: Буран, IPA: [bʊˈran], lit. 'blizzard'; GRAU index serial number: 11F35 1K, construction number: 1.01) was the first spaceplane to be produced as part of the Soviet/Russian Buran program. The Buran orbiters were similar in design to the U.S. Space Shuttle. Buran completed one uncrewed spaceflight in 1988, and was destroyed in 2002 when the roof of its storage hangar collapsed at Baikonur Cosmodrome. The Buran-class orbiters used the expendable Energia rocket, a class of super heavy-lift launch vehicle. Besides describing the first operational Soviet/Russian shuttle orbiter, "Buran" was also the designation for the entire Soviet/Russian spaceplane project and its flight articles, which were known as "Buran-class orbiters".
Aline Brosh McKenna
Aline Brosh McKenna (born August 2, 1967) is an American filmmaker. Her credits include writing The Devil Wears Prada (2006), 27 Dresses (2008), Morning Glory (2010), We Bought a Zoo (2011) and co-creating The CW's Crazy Ex-Girlfriend.

Morning Glory (2010 film)
Morning Glory is a 2010 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Roger Michell and written by Aline Brosh McKenna. Starring Rachel McAdams, Harrison Ford, Diane Keaton, Patrick Wilson and Jeff Goldblum, the film tells the story of an upstart television producer who accepts the challenge of reviving a morning show program with warring co-hosts.

Morning Glory was released in theaters on November 10, 2010, by Paramount Pictures. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $60 million against a $40 million budget.
Paul Silas
Paul Theron Silas (July 12, 1943 – December 10, 2022) was an American professional basketball player and head coach in the National Basketball Association (NBA). As a player, he was a two-time NBA All-Star and earned five selections to the NBA All-Defensive Team, including twice on the first team. He won three NBA championships: two with the Boston Celtics and one with the Seattle SuperSonics. Silas is the leader in most rebounds per game with 12.1 in Suns franchise history.

In high school, Silas was named a second-team Parade All-American and voted  California Mr. Basketball. He played college basketball for the Creighton Bluejays, earning second-team All-American honors as a senior in 1964. He was selected in the second round of the 1964 NBA draft, and played 16 seasons in the league. After his playing career, Silas was a head coach for 12 seasons.

1964 NBA draft
The 1964 NBA draft was the 18th annual draft of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The draft was held on May 4, 1964, before the 1964–65 season. In this draft, nine NBA teams took turns selecting amateur U.S. college basketball players. A player who had finished his four-year college eligibility was eligible for selection. If a player left college early, he would not be eligible for selection until his college class graduated. In each round, the teams select in reverse order of their win–loss record in the previous season. Before the draft, a team could forfeit its first-round draft pick and then select any player from within a 50-mile (80 km) radius of its home arena as their territorial pick. The draft consisted of 15 rounds comprising 101 players selected.
Kenneth C. Griffin
Kenneth Cordele Griffin (born October 15, 1968) is an American hedge fund manager, entrepreneur and investor. He is the founder, chief executive officer, co-chief investment officer, and 80% owner of Citadel LLC, a multinational hedge fund. He also owns Citadel Securities, one of the largest market makers in the United States.

As of January 2026, Griffin had an estimated net worth of $51.2 billion, making him the world's 34th-richest person. He was included in Forbes's 2023 list of the United States' Most Generous Givers, according to which he has donated $1.56 billion to various charitable causes, primarily in education, economic mobility, and medical research.

Griffin has contributed hundreds of millions of dollars to political candidates and causes, usually Republican or conservative in ideology. Griffin is a member of The Business Council in Washington, D.C.

David Geffen
David Lawrence Geffen (born February 21, 1943) is an American film producer, record executive, and media proprietor. In music, he co-founded Asylum Records with Elliot Roberts in 1971 before founding Geffen Records in 1980, DGC Records in 1990, and co-founding DreamWorks Records (with Mo Ostin, Michael Ostin and Lenny Waronker) in 1996. In film, he founded the Geffen Film Company in 1982 and co-founded DreamWorks SKG (with Steven Spielberg and Jeffrey Katzenberg) in 1994.

According to Forbes, Geffen is the wealthiest person in the global entertainment industry; he has an estimated net worth of US$9 billion as of 2024.
Koba Island
Koba Island is also an alternative name for Gupo Island, Taiwan.

Koba Island (Indonesian: Pulau Koba) is an island in the Aru Islands in the Arafura Sea. It is situated in the Maluku Province, Indonesia. Its area is 1723 km². The other main islands in the archipelago are Tanahbesar (also called Wokam), Kobroor, Kola, Maikoor, and Trangan.

Kola Island
Kola is an island in the Aru Islands in the Arafura Sea. It is situated in the Maluku Province, Indonesia. The other five main islands in the archipelago are Tanahbesar (also called Wokam), Kobroor, Maikoor, Koba, and Trangan.

The Kola language is spoken on the island.
Pala Narayanan Nair
Pala Narayanan Nair (11 December 1911 – 11 June 2008) was an Indian poet and lyricist, best known for his work, Keralam Valarunnu, written in 1953, comprising eight volumes, which earned him the title of Mahakavi. He wrote more than 5,000 poems, which have been compiled in about 43 anthologies. Nair, who also wrote the lyrics for the 1956 Malayalam movie, Avar Unarunnu, was a recipient of the Ezhuthachan Puraskaram, the highest literary honour of the Government of Kerala as well as Vallathol Award and Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Poetry, besides other honours.

Avar Unarunnu
Avar Unarunnu (transl. They Wake Up) is a 1956 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by N. Sankaran Nair and produced by G. Govindapillai. The film stars Prem Nazir and Miss Kumari. It also stars Sathyan and Bahadoor. The lyrics were written by Pala Narayanan Nair and Vayalar Rama Varma. The musical score was by V. Dakshinamoorthy.
Nørregade
Nørregade (literally "North Street") is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark, linking  Gammeltorv in the south with Nørre Voldgade in the north. Landmarks in the street include Church of Our Lady, Bispegården, St. Peter's Church and Folketeatret.

Folketeatret, Copenhagen
Folketeatret (lit. "People's Theatre") is a theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark. Established in Nørregade in 1857 by Hans Wilhelm Lange, making it Denmark's oldest professional theatre, the Folketeatret merged with Den Danske Teater (founded 1963) in 2007. Today, it is one of a group of theatres managed by Københavns Teater.
Wamsutta
Wamsutta (c. 1634–1662), known to the New England colonists as Alexander, was the eldest son of Massasoit (meaning Great Leader) Ousa Mequin of the Pokanoket within the Wampanoag nation, and the brother of Metacomet (or Metacom).

Pokanoket
The Pokanoket (also spelled Pakanokick) are a group of Wampanoag people and the village governed by Massasoit (c. 1581–1661), chief sachem of the Wampanoag people.

The village was located on what is now called Mount Hope in Bristol, Rhode Island. Later the term Pokanoket broadened to refer to the peoples and lands governed by Massasoit and his successors, which were part of the Wampanoag people in what is now Rhode Island and Massachusetts.
Maclean's
Maclean's is a Canadian magazine founded in 1905 which reports on Canadian issues such as politics, pop culture, trends and current events. Its founder, publisher John Bayne Maclean, established the magazine to provide a uniquely Canadian perspective on current affairs and to "entertain but also inspire its readers". Rogers Media, the magazine's publisher since 1994 (after the company acquired Maclean-Hunter Publishing), announced in September 2016 that Maclean's would become a monthly beginning January 2017, while continuing to produce a weekly issue on the Texture app. In 2019, the magazine was bought by its current publisher, St. Joseph Communications.

St. Joseph Communications
St. Joseph Communications (SJC) is a Canadian communications company based in Toronto.

It is one of Canada's largest privately owned communications and media companies. The company currently has three divisions:

The print business – SJC Print

The full production agency – SJC Content

The media business, a portfolio of Canada's most successful brands – SJC Media.

Tony Gagliano is Chairman and CEO of SJC. Other executives at the company include John Gagliano, President of SJC Print and Vice-Chairman; Kin-Man Lee, CFO. The corporation has 1,300 employees.
Candigliano
The Candigliano is a river in the Marche and Umbria regions of Italy. Its source is in the Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano mountains in the province of Pesaro e Urbino near the border with the province of Perugia. The river flows east and forms the border between Pesaro e Urbino and Perugia for a short distance south of Mercatello sul Metauro before entering Pesaro e Urbino. It then continues flowing east past an exclave called Monte Ruperto belonging to Città di Castello and then past Piobbico, where it is joined by the Biscubio. The river is joined by the Burano at Acqualagna and flows northeast near the Furlo Pass until it joins the Metauro west of Fossombrone.

Biscubio
The Biscubio is a river in the Umbria and Marche regions of Italy. Its source is in the province of Perugia near the border with the province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano mountains. The river flows northeast into Pesaro e Urbino south of Mercatello sul Metauro. It then flows east through the mountains near Apecchio and the exclave called Monte Ruperto belonging to Città di Castello until it joins the Candigliano near Piobbico.