hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prebiotic (nutrition)
Prebiotics are compounds in food that foster growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The most common environment concerning their effects on human health is the gastrointestinal tract, where prebiotics can alter the composition of organisms in the gut microbiome.

Dietary prebiotics are typically nondigestible fiber compounds that pass undigested through the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and help growth or activity of advantageous bacteria in the colon by acting as substrates for them. They were first identified and named by Marcel Roberfroid in 1995. Depending on the jurisdiction, they may have regulatory scrutiny as food additives for the health claims made for marketing purposes. Common prebiotics used in food manufacturing include beta-glucan from oats, resistant starch from grains and beans, and inulin from chicory root.

Pectin
Pectin (Ancient Greek: πηκτικός pēktikós: 'congealed' and 'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and described by Henri Braconnot in 1825. Commercially produced pectin is a white-to-light-brown powder, produced from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent, especially in jams and jellies, dessert fillings, medications, and sweets; as a food stabiliser in fruit juices and milk drinks; and as a source of dietary fiber.
Reggane
Reggane (from Berber "Argan"; Arabic: رقان) is a town and commune, and the capital of Reggane District, in Adrar Province, central Algeria. Reggane lies in the Sahara Desert near an oasis. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 20,402, up from 14,179 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.8%. Berber tribes and people live in and around Reggane.

Adrar, Algeria
Adrar (Arabic: أدرار) is the administrative capital of Adrar Province, the second largest province in Algeria. The commune is sited around an oasis in the Touat region of the Sahara Desert. According to a 2008 census, it has a population of 64,781, up from 43,903 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 4.0%.

Adrar is mainly an agricultural town, characterized by its traditional irrigation system, the Foggara.
A5300 road
The A5300 or Knowsley Expressway is a major road in Merseyside, England. It runs 3 miles (4.8 km) from its junction with the A562 to its junction with the M62, where it becomes the M57, providing a major north–south route through the borough. Along its course it crosses the Liverpool to Manchester Line Southern route. The road cost £47.3 million (equivalent to £114,933,825 in 2023) when it was constructed during 1995–1996.

M57 motorway
The M57 motorway, also known as the Liverpool Outer Ring Road, is a motorway in England. Designed as a ring road for Liverpool, it is 10 miles (16 km) long between Tarbock Green and Switch lsland, and links various towns east of the city, as well as the M62 and M58 motorways.
Armidale railway station
Armidale railway station is a heritage-listed railway station at 240 Brown Street, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1882 to 1883 by Edmund Lonsdale and Henry Sheldon Hoddard, and was opened on 3 February 1883 when the line was extended from Uralla. It was the terminus of the line until it was extended to Glen Innes on 19 August 1884. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

It is the terminal station of the Main North line. The last regular services to operate north of Armidale was the Northern Mail which ceased in November 1988. Freight services continued to serve a fertiliser depot at Dumaresq until the mid-2000s, after which the line closed north of Armidale.

Armidale
Armidale is a city in the Northern Tablelands, New South Wales, Australia. Armidale had a population of 23,967 as of the 2021 census. It is the administrative centre for the Northern Tablelands region. It is approximately halfway between Sydney and Brisbane at the junction of the New England Highway and Waterfall Way.

Armidale is a rural university town, home to the University of New England (UNE). Armidale is located within the New England Renewable Energy Zone, which is expected to bring significant renewable energy development to the area.
October 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 20 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 22

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 3 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 21st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 8.

October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 21 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 23

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 4 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 22nd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 9.
Campbell Ewald
Campbell Ewald is an advertising and marketing communications agency headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, with offices in Los Angeles and New York. Campbell Ewald is part of advertising company Interpublic Group of Companies (IPG).

The Interpublic Group of Companies
The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (IPG) was an American advertising company based in New York City. It consisted of the five major networks FCB, IPG Mediabrands, McCann Worldgroup, MullenLowe Group and Marketing Specialists, as well as several independent specialty agencies in the areas of public relations, sports marketing, talent representation and healthcare. Prior to the Omnicom acquisition, it was one of the "Big Four" agency companies, alongside WPP, Publicis, and Omnicom. The company was acquired by Omnicom in 2025, and its operations were later folded into Omnicom following the acquisition.
Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood
Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood is an American reality television series and the third installment of the Love & Hip Hop franchise. It premiered on September 15, 2014, on VH1 and chronicles the lives of several people in the Hollywood area, involved with hip hop music. The show features appearances from notable figures associated with West Coast hip-hop.

On July 8, 2019, VH1 announced the show's return for a sixth season, which premiered on August 5, 2019. On May 11, 2020, VH1 announced that production on any future seasons would be postponed indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The show never returned, and after a series of crossover specials and spin-offs, several Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood cast members were transferred to Love & Hip Hop: Miami from August 23, 2021.

Day26
Day26 is an American male R&B music group formed in August 2007 by Sean "Diddy" Combs in a handpicked selection at the end of MTV's Making the Band 4. The group consists of Robert Curry, Brian Angel, Willie Taylor, Qwanell Mosley and Michael McCluney.  The moniker is a tribute to the day when Angel, McCluney, Mosely, Curry, and Taylor went from unknowns to stars.  The group released their first album, Day26, on March 25, 2008, one week after their then labelmates and Making the Band 3 winners Danity Kane released Welcome to the Dollhouse. The album's first single, "Got Me Going", was released on the finale of Making the Band 4. The album went on to debut at number one on the billboard charts. Subsequent seasons of Making the Band 4 featured the group on tour and making their second album Forever in a Day which also topped the Billboard charts.
Kapuka, New Zealand
Kapuka is a locality in the Southland region of New Zealand's South Island.  It is situated between Mokotua to the west and Ashers to the east on the Southern Scenic Route; Oteramika is to the north, and Kapuka South, Waituna Lagoon, and Toetoes Bay are to the south.

Oteramika
Oteramika is a locality in the Southland region of New Zealand's South Island.  It is in a rural setting near Waituna and Woodlands to the north, Rimu to the west, and to the south on the Southern Scenic Route are Mokotua, Kapuka, and Ashers.  The major centre of Southland, Invercargill, is over 15 km west.

No railway was ever built through Oteramika, but at one point, the Kapuka railway station on the Tokanui Branch was named Oteramika.  This station opened on 1 March 1895, closed to passengers on 1 June 1960, and closed to all traffic on 31 March 1966.
Burroughs (crater)
Burroughs is a large crater on Mars at latitude 72.5S / longitude 243.1W, with a diameter of 104.0 kilometres (64.6 mi).

The crater is named after Edgar Rice Burroughs, the American science fiction novelist who wrote a series of fantasy novels set on the planet.

An ice deposit in Burroughs Crater contains strong evidence that recent Martian climate is influenced by changes in the planet's orbit and axial tilt.

Edgar Rice Burroughs
Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American writer, recognized for his prolific output in the adventure, science fiction, and fantasy genres. Best known for creating the characters Tarzan (who appeared in a series of twenty-four books by him) and John Carter (who was a recurring character in a series of eleven books), he also wrote the Pellucidar series, the Amtor series, and the Caspak trilogy.

Tarzan was immediately popular, and Burroughs capitalized on it in every possible way, including a syndicated Tarzan comic strip, films, and merchandise. Tarzan remains one of the most successful fictional characters to this day and is a cultural icon. Burroughs's California ranch is now the center of the Tarzana neighborhood in Los Angeles, named after the character. Burroughs was an explicit supporter of eugenics and scientific racism in both his fiction and nonfiction; Tarzan was meant to reflect these concepts.
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (Rpi) encoded by the RPIA gene is an enzyme (EC 5.3.1.6) that catalyzes the conversion between ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) and ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P). It is a member of a larger class of isomerases which catalyze the interconversion of chemical isomers (in this case structural isomers of pentose). It plays a vital role in biochemical metabolism in both the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-ribose-5-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase.

Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency (RPID) is an extremely rare human disorder caused by mutations in ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, an enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway. With only four known cases – all diagnosed between 1984 and 2019 – RPI deficiency is the second rarest disease, with Fields condition being the rarest, affecting three known individuals, including Catherine and Kirstie Fields.
Lee Bennett Hopkins
Lee Bennett Hopkins (April 13, 1938 – August 8, 2019) was an American educator, poet, author, and anthologist. He was the author or editor of over 100 books for children, as well as a number of books and articles for adults.

Bank Street College of Education
Bank Street College of Education is a private school, graduate school, and education research center located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. It consists of a graduate-only teacher training college, Bank Street Graduate School of Education, and an independent nursery-through-8th-grade school, the Bank Street School for Children.
Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre
The Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre (code 3109) is one of the 13 intermediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 134 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

It comprises 80 municipalities, distributed in 5 immediate geographic regions:

Immediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre.

Immediate Geographic Region of Poços de Caldas.

Immediate Geographic Region of São Lourenço.

Immediate Geographic Region of Itajubá.

Immediate Geographic Region of Caxambu-Baependi.

Immediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre
The Immediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre is one of the 10 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.
The Unattainable
The Unattainable is a 1916 American black and white silent drama directed by Lloyd B. Carleton.  The film is based on the story by Elwood D. Henning.  The photoplay stars Dorothy Davenport and Emory Johnson.

The film opens by introducing us to Bessie Gale, a regular on the New York nightclub scene. In her circle, she's known as "the unattainable". A wealthy gentleman starts to pursue her. She finds relief from his romantic pursuits by joining a traveling theatrical company. The troupe heads out West. After Bessie misses a train connection, she meets a sheep rancher, and they get married. Then, her husband makes a major discovery which leads to a new series of adventures.

The film was released on September 4, 1916, by Universal

Richard Morris (actor)
Richard Morris (January 30, 1862 – October 11, 1924) was an American opera singer, stage performer, and silent film actor. Morris was born on January 30, 1862, in Charlestown, Massachusetts.  He was 62 when he died in Los Angeles, California on October 11, 1924. Between 1912 and 1924, Richard Morris acted in 59 films.
Elections in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. Sri Lanka has a multi-party system, with two dominant political parties. All elections are administered by the Election Commission of Sri Lanka.

Election Commission of Sri Lanka
The Election Commission of Sri Lanka is the constitutional authority responsible for administering and overseeing all elections in Sri Lanka, including the Presidential, Parliamentary, Provincial and Local Authority elections. Sri Lanka has had universal adult suffrage since 1931, becoming the first Crown colony to enfranchise all adult citizens, 3 years after the United Kingdom itself; the country is the oldest democracy in Asia.
Rui Veloso
Rui Manuel Gaudêncio Veloso ComIH (born 30 July 1957) is a Portuguese singer-songwriter and musician. Commonly called "The father of Portuguese rock" (Portuguese: O pai do rock português), Veloso was a major figure in the boom of Portuguese rock music in the 1980s. His 1980 debut album Ar de Rock, which includes the hit single "Chico Fininho", is considered a landmark of Portuguese rock. During the 1980s and 1990s, Veloso released numerous other successful singles and albums in Portugal.

An unconditional lover of blues music, he played with B.B. King several times in King's shows in Portugal.

A Espuma das Canções
A Espuma das Canções (The Foam of Songs) is the ninth studio album by Rui Veloso. It was released in November 2005 through EMI. The album was recorded in Vale de Lobos (Sintra), London and Rio de Janeiro.

Two editions were released for the album: a regular edition and a special limited edition with two bonus songs and a DVD with a film and photo galleries covering the making of the album.
Verchères (provincial electoral district)
Verchères (French pronunciation: [vɛʁʃɛʁ]) is a provincial riding in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada.  It corresponds exactly to the territory of Marguerite-D'Youville Regional County Municipality.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  It disappeared in the 1939 election and its successor electoral district was Richelieu-Verchères; however, it was re-created for the 1944 election.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost Saint-Roch-de-Richelieu to the riding of Richelieu, La Présentation to the riding of Saint-Hyacinthe, and several municipalities to the riding of Borduas, but gained Sainte-Julie from the defunct riding of  Marguerite-D'Youville. Sainte-Julie is now the biggest municipality in the district

Richelieu (provincial electoral district)
Richelieu (French: [ʁiʃ(ə)ljø] ⓘ) is a provincial electoral riding in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada, which elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It notably includes the municipalities of Sorel-Tracy, Sainte-Anne-de-Sorel, Saint-Roch-de-Richelieu and Sainte-Victoire-de-Sorel.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  Its final election was in 1936.  It disappeared in the 1939 election and its successor electoral district was Richelieu-Verchères.

However, Richelieu-Verchères disappeared in the 1944 election and its successor electoral district was the re-created Richelieu.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it gained territory from Nicolet-Yamaska and from Verchères electoral districts.

It is named after former French Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu.
Scottish Cup
The Scottish Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the Scottish Cup (Scottish Gaelic: Cupa na h-Alba), is an annual association football knock-out cup competition for men's football clubs in Scotland. The competition was first held in 1873–74. Entry is open to all 122 clubs with full membership of the Scottish Football Association (SFA), along with up to eight other clubs who are associate members. The competition is called Scottish Gas Men's Scottish Cup for sponsorship reasons.

Although it is the second-oldest competition in association football history, after the English FA Cup, the Scottish Cup trophy is the oldest in association football and is also the oldest national trophy in the world. It was first presented to Queen's Park, who won the final match of the inaugural tournament in March 1874. The current holders are Aberdeen, who won the tournament by defeating Celtic on penalties in the 2025 final.

2022–23 Scottish Cup
The 2022–23 Scottish Cup was the 138th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition.

The defending champions, Rangers, who beat Heart of Midlothian in the 2022 Scottish Cup final, were defeated by Celtic in the semi-finals. VAR was used for the first time in the tournament.

Celtic lifted the trophy for the record-extending 41st time after defeating Inverness Caledonian Thistle 3–1 in the final to complete a domestic treble.
Straub–Huillet
Jean-Marie Straub (French: [stʁob]; 8 January 1933 — 20 November 2022) and Danièle Huillet (pronounced [ɥijɛ]; 1 May 1936 – 9 October 2006) were a duo of French filmmakers who made two dozen films between 1963 and 2006. Their films are noted for their rigorous, intellectually stimulating style and radical, communist politics. While both were French, they worked mostly in Germany and Italy. From the Clouds to the Resistance (1979) and Sicilia! (1999) are among the duo's best regarded works.

Not Reconciled
Not Reconciled (German: Nicht versöhnt) is a 1965 West German drama film directed by Jean-Marie Straub. It has the subtitle Only Violence Helps Where Violence Reigns (German: Es hilft nur Gewalt wo Gewalt herrscht). The film is an adaptation of the 1959 novel Billiards at Half-past Nine by Heinrich Böll.
1999–2000 Mersin İdmanyurdu season
Mersin İdmanyurdu (also Mersin İdman Yurdu, Mersin İY, or MİY) Sports Club; located in Mersin, east Mediterranean coast of Turkey in 1999–2000. Mersin İdmanyurdu (MİY) participated in Second League 1999–00 season for the 26th time. MİY could not attend promotion group and promotion play-offs, therefore couldn't promote. The team also participated in Turkish Cup in 1999–00 and eliminated at Round 3.

Macit Özcan was club president. Ali Gültiken started the season, which was his first head coaching experience. Later Müjdat Yalman took over the team. Murat Akay had the most appearances, while Ersan Parlatan was top goalscorer. The stats are low this season due to the withdrawal of teams who were severely affected by the 1999 İzmit earthquake.

Mersin Talim Yurdu
Mersin İdman Yurdu was a Turkish sports club from Mersin, Turkey in the eastern Mediterranean Region. The team played in the Turkish first division for 15 seasons, and after the 1983–84 season the football team played in the Turkish second and third divisions. The team was promoted to the Turkish second level division after the 2008–09 season. MİY became the champions of the Turkish second division during the 2010–11 season and earned promotion to the Turkish Süper Lig during the 2011–12 season. Tevfik Sırrı Gür Stadium was the previous ground of the team with a capacity of 10,125. In 2013, their new 25,534 person capacity stadium, Mersin Arena, was inaugurated on 23 March 2013 with a TFF First League match against Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyespor. Their main rivals were Adana Demirspor, Adanaspor and Tarsus İdman Yurdu, and were friendly with Bucaspor.
Open Architecture Network
Open Architecture Network was the world's first online open source community dedicated to improving global living conditions through innovative and sustainable design. It was developed by Architecture for Humanity and incorporated Creative Commons licensing within the project management tools.

Architecture for Humanity
Architecture for Humanity was a US-based charitable organization that sought architectural solutions to humanitarian crises and brought professional design services to clients (often communities in need). Founded in 1999, it laid off its staff and closed down at the beginning of January 2015.

Since then, the 59 US-based architecture for humanity chapters (which were already operating more or less in a self-sufficient manner even before Architecture for Humanity closed down) formed the Open Architecture Collaborative and vowed to continue. It could thus be argued that despite the closing of the main office, the movement that Architecture for Humanity represented has indeed been strengthened, and not weakened, as it has forced the chapters to operate truly self-sufficiently, and cooperate more directly with the other chapters.
Tungsten(IV) oxide
Tungsten(IV) oxide is the chemical compound with the formula WO2.  The bronze-colored solid crystallizes in a monoclinic cell.  The rutile-like structure features distorted octahedral WO6 centers with alternate short W–W bonds (248 pm). Each tungsten center has the d2 configuration, which gives the material a high electrical conductivity.

WO2 is prepared by reduction of WO3 with tungsten powder over the course of 40 hours at 900 °C. An intermediate in this reaction is the partially reduced, mixed valence species W18O49.

2 WO3  +  W  →  3 WO2

The molybdenum analogue MoO2 is prepared similarly.  Single crystals are obtained by chemical transport technique using iodine. Iodine transports the WO2 in the form of the volatile species WO2I2.

Tungsten pentoxide
Tungsten pentoxide (W2O5) was reported in early literature but proved to have the stoichiometry W18O49. Sometimes called mineral blue, it is a blue solid formed by the reaction of tungsten trioxide (WO3) and tungsten metal at 700 °C.
Ultra B
Ultra B (ウルトラB, Urutora Bi) is a manga series by Fujiko Fujio A (Motoo Abiko) that first made its debut in Chuokoron-Shinsha's Fujiko Fujio Land series of tankōbon books in 1984 and was released in individual tankōbon until 1989. In 1987, the manga was adapted into a 118-episode anime of the same name by Shin-Ei Animation which aired on TV Asahi from 4 April 1987 to 27 March 1989.

Shin-Ei Animation
Shin-Ei Animation Co., Ltd. (Japanese: シンエイ動画株式会社, Hepburn: Shīn'eī Dōga Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese animation studio owned by TV Asahi and founded in Tokyo in 1965 as A Production by Daikichirō Kusube, who was previously an animator for Toei Animation.