hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polemonium viscosum
Polemonium viscosum, known as sky pilot, skunkweed, sticky Jacobs-ladder, and sticky polemonium, is a flowering plant in the genus Polemonium native to western North America from southern British Columbia east to Montana and south to Arizona and New Mexico, where it grows at high altitudes on dry, rocky sites.

It is a perennial herbaceous plant growing 10–30 cm tall, with pinnate leaves up to 15 cm long with numerous small spoon-shaped leaflets 1.5–6 mm long and 1–3 mm broad. It has purple flowers 17–25 mm long.

It is grown as an ornamental plant in rock gardens.

Polemonium
Polemonium, commonly called Jacob's ladders or Jacob's-ladders (the name derived from the Biblical story), is a genus of between 25 and 40 species of flowering plants in the family Polemoniaceae, native to cool temperate to arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. One species, Polemonium micranthum, also occurs in the southern Andes in South America. Many of the species grow at high altitudes, in mountainous areas. Most of the uncertainty in the number of species relates to those in Eurasia, many of which have been synonymized with Polemonium caeruleum.

Polemonium are perennial plants (rarely annual plants) growing 10–120 cm tall with bright green leaves divided into lance-shaped leaflets. They produce blue (rarely white or pink) flowers in the spring and summer.

Some species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora polemoniella.
Manuel Benavides Municipality
Manuel Benavides is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat is in the town of Manuel Benavides. The municipality covers an area of 3,191.5 km2.

At the 2020 census, the municipality had a total population of 1,178, a decrease of -26.4% since 2010.

The municipality had 183 localities as of 2010, none of which had a population over 1,000.

Manuel Benavides
Manuel Benavides is a small town and seat of the municipality of Manuel Benavides, in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua.

As of 2020, the town had a population of 778, down from 916 as of 2010.  It is a rural border town on the U.S.-Mexico border, with the town of Redford, Texas, directly opposite, on the U.S. side of the border.
Battle of Lochmaben Fair
The Battle of Lochmaben Fair was an engagement in Lochmaben, Scotland, on 22 July 1484 between Scottish loyalists to James III of Scotland and the rebels Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas, leading cavalry from England. Both exiles from Scotland, Albany and Douglas invaded with permission but not support of Richard III of England, hoping to encourage rebellion against James. Instead, they were met with armed resistance. The loyalists took the day. Douglas was captured and Albany forced to retreat.

Lochmaben
Lochmaben (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Mhabain) is a small town and civil parish in Scotland, and site of a castle. It lies 4 miles (6 km) west of Lockerbie, in Dumfries and Galloway. By the 12th century the Bruce family had become the local landowners and, in the 14th century, Edward I rebuilt Lochmaben Castle. It was subsequently taken by Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas in 1384/5 and was abandoned in the early 17th century. The town itself became a Royal Burgh in 1447.
Myklebustad
Myklebustad is a village in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located along Norwegian County Road 17 on the southern bank of the Sjona fjord, just west of the villages of Sjonbotn and Utskarpen. Sjona Church is located in the western part of Myklebustad, serving the western part of Rana Municipality.

The district surrounding the inner part of the Sjona fjord originally belonged to Nesna Municipality. On 1 January 1964, this district (population: 543) was merged with the town of Mo i Rana, Nord-Rana Municipality, and the northern part of Sør-Rana Municipality to create the new Rana Municipality.

Sjona
Sjona is a fjord in Nordland county, Norway.  The 26-kilometre (16 mi) fjord begins in Rana Municipality and flows to the west through Nesna Municipality and Lurøy Municipality into the sea. The islands of Handnesøya and Tomma lie at the mouth of the fjord. The deepest part of the fjord reaches 636 metres (2,087 ft) below sea level. Norwegian County Road 17 follows the entire coast of the fjord. Villages along the shore of the fjord include Flostrand, Mæla, and Myklebustad.
George Claghorn
George Claghorn (July 17, 1748 [O.S. July 6, 1748] – February 3, 1824) was an American patriot and shipwright.  He served as an officer in the American Revolutionary War and was wounded in the Battle of Bunker Hill.  After the war, he was awarded the rank of colonel in the Massachusetts militia.  Claghorn was the master shipbuilder of the USS Constitution (a.k.a. Old Ironsides), which he and Samuel Nicholson built for the early United States Navy during the years 1794–1797. Old Ironsides is the oldest naval vessel in the world that is still commissioned, afloat and seaworthy.

Original six frigates of the United States Navy
The United States Congress authorized the original six frigates of the United States Navy with the Naval Act of 1794 on March 27, 1794, at a total cost of $688,888.82 (equivalent to $18.6 million in 2024). These ships were built during the formative years of the United States Navy, on the recommendation of designer Joshua Humphreys for a fleet of frigates powerful enough to engage any frigates of the French or British navies, yet fast enough to evade any ship of the line.

One of these original six, the USS Constitution, is still in commission and is the world's oldest commissioned naval warship still afloat.
Dale, Ontario
Dale is a community in the municipality of Port Hope, Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada. It is located at the junction of county roads 28 (Ontario Street) and 74 (Dale Road); county road 28 leads south to interchange 464 on Ontario Highway 401 and further south to the town centre of Port Hope. The communities of Welcome, Davidson's Corners and Precious Corners are to the west, north and east respectively. The Ganaraska River flows on the west side of the community.

Welcome, Ontario
Welcome  is a community in the municipality of Port Hope, Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada. It is located at the crossroads of County Road 10, heading north to the community of Canton; County Road 74, heading east to Dale; and County Road 2 (formerly Ontario Highway 2) heading west to Morrish and southeast to interchange 461 on Ontario Highway 401 and further southeast to the town centre of Port Hope.
Vukovar, jedna priča
Vukovar, jedna priča (Serbian Cyrillic: Вуковар, једна прича, English: Vukovar: A Story) is a Serbian war film directed by Boro Drašković. It was released in 1994. It is also known as Vukovar poste restante. The film was selected as the Serbian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 67th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film's slogan was Nothing is stronger than love, maybe only war!

Vukovar
Vukovar (pronounced [ʋûkoʋaːr], Hungarian: Vukovár, German: Wukowar) is a city in Croatia, in the eastern regions of Syrmia and Slavonia. It contains Croatia's largest river port, located at the confluence of the Vuka and the Danube. Vukovar is the seat of Vukovar-Syrmia County and the second-largest city in the county after Vinkovci. The city's registered population was 22,616 in the 2021 census, with a total of 23,536 in the municipality.
My Way (Ian Brown album)
My Way is the sixth solo album by British artist Ian Brown. The album was released on 28 September 2009. The album's lead single "Stellify" was released on 21 September 2009. In an interview with XFM Manchester he claimed that the song was originally written for Rihanna, but he realised he had created "a great sound" so claimed the track for himself.

The second single "Just Like You" was released on 30 November 2009. This was Brown's final album for a decade, until his comeback with his 2019 album, Ripples.

Ripples (album)
Ripples is the seventh studio album by English singer Ian Brown, and is fully performed and produced by himself. The album was initially set to be released on 1 March 2019, but soon after the album's release date was brought forward to 1 February 2019. The album's release was announced on 25 October 2018 with the release of the first single "First World Problems".
Chaophraya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital
Chaophraya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital (Thai: โรงพยาบาลเจ้าพระยาอภัยภูเบศร) is the main hospital of Prachinburi Province, Thailand, and is classified by the Ministry of Public Health as a regional hospital. It has a CPIRD (Collaborative Project to Increase Production of Rural Doctors) Medical Education Center which trains doctors of the Faculty of Medicine, Burapha University.  The hospital is also known for its first building which was constructed in 1909 in Baroque architecture with stucco, and currently houses the "Thai Traditional Medicine Museum".

It is also a leading traditional Thai medicine hospital and plans to develop into a major hub in ASEAN. The hospital operates the Abhaibhubejhr Day Spa, Abhaibhubejhr Osot (lit. 'Abhaibhubejhr Pharmacy') and provides Thai massage services during the day.

Prachinburi province
Prachinburi province (Thai: ปราจีนบุรี, RTGS: Prachin Buri, pronounced [prāː.tɕīːn bū.rīː], lit. 'City of the East') is one of Thailand's seventy-seven provinces (changwat), it lies in eastern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Nakhon Ratchasima, Sa Kaeo, Chachoengsao, and Nakhon Nayok.
Lion's mane jellyfish
The lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) is one of the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is common in the English Channel, Irish Sea, North Sea, and in western Scandinavian waters south to Kattegat and Øresund. It may also drift into the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea (where it cannot breed due to the low salinity). Similar jellyfish – which may be the same species – are known to inhabit seas near Australia and New Zealand. The largest recorded specimen was measured off the coast of Massachusetts in 1865 and had a bell with a diameter of 210 centimetres (7 feet) and tentacles around 36.6 m (120 ft) long. Lion's mane jellyfish have been observed below 42°N latitude for some time in the larger bays of the East Coast of the United States.

Cnidocyte
A cnidocyte (also known as a cnidoblast) is a type of cell containing a large secretory organelle called a cnidocyst, that can deliver a sting to other organisms as a way to subdue prey and defend against predators. A cnidocyte explosively ejects the toxin-containing cnidocyst which is responsible for the stings delivered by a cnidarian. The presence of this cell defines the phylum Cnidaria, which also includes the corals, sea anemones, hydrae, and jellyfish. Cnidocytes are single-use cells that need to be continuously replaced.
Vitrified sand
Vitrified sand is sand that has been heated to a high enough temperature to undergo vitrification, which is the melting of the silicon dioxide or quartz that compose common sand. Vitrified sand is a type of natural glass, contrasted with manufactured glass in which soda ash or potash are added to lower the melting point. Pure quartz melts at 1,650 °C (3,002 °F). There are several natural processes that produce more or less melted sand and one man-made form:

Fulgurite is sand fused by a lightning bolt hitting sand.

Impactite such as tektite is sand fused by the compressive heat of a meteor strike including moldavite, a gem quality stone mined in some locations.

Frit is partially fused sand plus other chemicals created in the process of glaze and glass making.

Nuclear melt glass, formed by the detonation of a nuclear weapon. Examples include trinitite, created during the Trinity nuclear test.

Volcanic glass in many forms is not fused sand because it is formed from molten material.

Impactite
Impactite is rock created or modified by one or more impacts of a meteorite. Impactites are considered metamorphic rock, because their source materials were modified by the heat and pressure of the impact. On Earth, impactites consist primarily of modified terrestrial material, sometimes with pieces of the original meteorite.
Alexander Megos
Alexander "Alex" Megos (born 12 August 1993) is a German rock climber specializing in sport climbing, bouldering and competition climbing.  In 2013, he became the first-ever climber to onsight a 9a (5.14d) graded route. He has made the first free ascent (FFA) of some of the hardest sport climbing routes in the world, including three 9b+ (5.15c) routes (Perfecto Mundo, Bibliographie, and Change), eight 9b (5.15b) routes (including Fight Club, Ratstaman Vibrations, Move and The Full Journey), and several boulders with a boulder 8C (V15) rating.

Céüse
Céüse (French: Montagne de Céüse) is a limestone mountain in the Hautes-Alpes département of France near Gap and Sigoyer.  The "Pic de Céüse" is at an elevation of 2,016 metres (6,614 ft), and the whole massif is included in the Natura 2000 protected area.  The mountain has a distinctive large horseshoe-shaped cliff (the Corniche de Céûse) which contains some of the most extreme sport climbing routes in the world.  It is also the site of a ski resort.
Sir Richard Cox, 1st Baronet
Sir Richard Cox, 1st Baronet PC (25 March 1650 – 3 May 1733) was an Irish lawyer and judge. He served as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas for Ireland from 1701 to 1703, Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1703 to 1707 and as Lord Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench for Ireland from 1711 to 1714.

Lord Chancellor of Ireland
The Lord High Chancellor of Ireland, commonly known as the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, was the highest ranking judicial office in Ireland until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. From 1721 until the end of 1800, it was also the highest political office of the Irish Parliament; the Chancellor was Speaker of the Irish House of Lords. The Lord Chancellor was also Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Ireland. In all three respects, the office mirrored the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain.
Santiam people
The Santiam people are an indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau, living in Oregon.

They are a Kalapuyan tribe, whose traditional homelands were on the banks of the Santiam River, which feeds into the Willamette River.

Today, they are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community and the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians.

Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians in the United States is a federally recognized confederation of more than 27 Native American tribes and bands who once inhabited an extensive homeland of more than 20 million acres from northern California to southwest Washington and between the summit of the Cascades and the Pacific Ocean. After the Rogue River Wars, these tribes were removed to the Coast Indian Reservation, now known as the Siletz Reservation. The tribes spoke at least 11 distinct languages, including Tillamook, Shasta, Lower Chinook, Kalapuya, Takelma, Alsea-Yaquina, Siuslaw/Lower Umpqua, Coos, the Plateau Penutian languages Molala and Klickitat, and several related Oregon Athabaskan languages.
Disputation of Tortosa
The Disputation of Tortosa was one of the famous ordered disputations between Christians and Jews of the Middle Ages, a series of sixty nine sessions held in the years 1413–1414 in the city of Tortosa, Principality of Catalonia (Crown of Aragon, part of modern-day Spain). According to the Jewish Encyclopedia it was not a free and authentic debate,  but was an attempt by Christians to force conversion on the Jews.

Among the participants on the Jewish side were Profiat Duran and Yosef Albo as well as other rabbinic scholars such as Moshe ben Abbas, and Astruc ha-Levi. Each one was a representative of a different community. Vincent Ferrer, later canonised, was an important participant on the Christian side.  As a followup of the disputations, in May 1415, a papal bull forbade the study of the Talmud.

Disputation
Disputation is a genre of literature involving two contenders who seek to establish a resolution to a problem or establish the superiority of something. An example of the latter is in Sumerian disputation poems.

In the scholastic system of education of the Middle Ages, disputations (in Latin: disputationes, singular: disputatio) offered a formalized  method of debate designed to uncover and establish truths in theology and in sciences. Fixed rules governed the process: they demanded dependence on traditional written authorities and the thorough understanding of each argument on each side.
Helmut-Schön-Sportpark
The Helmut-Schön-Sportpark is an American football stadium for the Wiesbaden Phantoms American football team in Wiesbaden, Germany. It was built in 1907.  Capacity of the venue is 11,498 people.  It was used as a venue for the 2003 IFAF World Cup. Before 2009, it was called Stadion an der Berliner Straße.

Further the association football team SV Wiesbaden 1899 also play at this stadium.

SV Wiesbaden
SV Wiesbaden is a German football club based in Wiesbaden, Hesse. The team was disbanded in 1994 as the result of financial problems, but was rebuilt and eventually returned to the Hessenliga (V). Their home games are played in the Helmut-Schön-Sportpark.
Cardiff Devils
The Cardiff Devils (Welsh: Diawliaid Caerdydd) are a Welsh professional ice hockey team who play in the UK-based Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). The team plays at the Vindico Arena in Cardiff Bay.

Cardiff's most recent trophy was the 2025 IIHF Continental Cup title.

Belfast Giants
The Belfast Giants are a professional ice hockey team based in Belfast, Northern Ireland. They compete in the UK's Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). They play their home games at the SSE Arena and are owned by the Odyssey Trust, a charitable company set up to hold and maintain the Odyssey complex, including the SSE Arena and its facilities. The Giants operated as the anchor tenant for the Arena at its opening before becoming an integrated part of the organisation.

Since their inception in 2000, the Giants have won seventeen major honours, including eight British league championships (by finishing top of the regular season standings), three British national championships (by winning the post-season play-off tournament), and six Challenge Cups.
Dahinda, Illinois
Dahinda is an unincorporated community in Knox County, Illinois, United States. It is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area. Dahinda is in Persifer Township and lies approximately one mile north of U.S. Highway 150 and Interstate 74. Knox County Highway 15 runs from north to south through Dahinda. Once a bustling town, as time has gone on, the businesses in this community moved on, but the community still continues to exist.

Knox County, Illinois
Knox County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 49,967. Its county seat is Galesburg. Knox County comprises the Galesburg, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Stranton
Stranton is an area of south Hartlepool in the borough of Hartlepool, County Durham, England. It is a former village and parish.

The ancient parish boundaries were the North Sea to the east, Greatham Creek, an arm of the Tees, to the south, the parish of Greatham to the south-west, and the Greatham Beck to the west. In 1831, the parish contained the townships of Stranton, Seaton Carew, and Brierton.

The area’s name was last used as an electoral ward name in the 2011 UK Census, with a population of 6,105. It covered most of the town centre with parts of Stranton in the south west of the ward. For the 2015 general election Burn Valley, Headland & Harbour and Victoria replaced the majority of the former ward area.

Seaton Carew
Seaton Carew /kəˈruː/ is a seaside resort in the Borough of Hartlepool in County Durham, England. It gives its name to the Seaton ward, which had an estimated population of 7,194 in 2021. It is deemed part of the Hartlepool built-up area by the Office for National Statistics, but is separated from the main part of the urban area by the Durham Coast Line. The resort is on the North Sea coast and north of the River Tees estuary.

The area was first recorded in the 12th century as owned by a family "de Carou" (of Carew),
Mason High School (Texas)
Mason High School is a public high school located in Mason, Texas (USA). It is part of the Mason Independent School District located in central Mason County and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Mason Independent School District
Mason Independent School District is a public school district based in Mason, Texas (USA).   The district serves most of Mason County and extends into small portions of Kimble, McCulloch, Menard, and San Saba counties.

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.
1861 Wanganui by-election
The 1861 Wanganui by-election was a by-election held  on 5 July 1861 in the Wanganui electorate during the 3rd New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, Henry Shafto Harrison, as he was a sheriff of the district.

He was declared elected unopposed, as he was the only candidate nominated. He was not a supporter of the Fox Party so could mean the lack of support rather than a majority of one for William Fox.

Whanganui (electorate)
Whanganui (known as Wanganui until 1996) is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first established in 1860 for the 3rd Parliament and has existed continuously since then.

It is held by Carl Bates of the National Party, who won it in the 2023 general election.
Lee High School (Massachusetts)
Lee High School is a public high school in Lee, Massachusetts, United States. The school was founded in 1851 and serves students in grades nine through twelve from Lee and the nearby town of Tyringham.  Students from neighboring Otis, Sandisfield and Becket. also have the option to attend Lee High School. Through its history and as the student population has increased, the school has transitioned through different buildings and locations. Today it shares a campus with the town's middle school.  The schools are officially known as Lee Middle and High School.

Lee, Massachusetts
Lee is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts, metropolitan statistical area. The population was 5,788 at the 2020 census. Lee, which includes the villages of South and East Lee and the census-designated place of Lee, is part of the Berkshires resort area.
Fred Meijer White Pine Trail State Park
Fred Meijer White Pine Trail State Park is a 92-mile (148 km) long linear state park in the U.S. state of Michigan.

The trail extends from northern Grand Rapids to Cadillac, and it lies on the path graded for the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad (later absorbed by the Pennsylvania Railroad). The White Pine Trail is a rail trail park. It was named the "Fred Meijer White Pine Trail State Park" after a donation by grocery store executive Fred Meijer.

Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad
The Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad at its height provided passenger and freight railroad services between Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Straits of Mackinac in Michigan, USA. The company was formed on January 18, 1854.
Graveyard orbit
A graveyard orbit, also called a junk orbit or disposal orbit, is an orbit that lies away from common operational orbits. One significant graveyard orbit is a supersynchronous orbit well beyond geosynchronous orbit. Some satellites are moved into such orbits at the end of their operational life to reduce the probability of colliding with operational spacecraft and generating space debris.

Supersynchronous orbit
A supersynchronous orbit is either an orbit with a period greater than that of a synchronous orbit, or just an orbit whose major axis is larger than that of a synchronous orbit. A synchronous orbit has a period equal to the rotational period of the body which contains the barycenter of the orbit.