hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennine Spring
Pennine Spring was a brand of mineral water owned by Britvic that comes from the Yorkshire Pennines, in the United Kingdom.

Established in 1871, Pennine Spring was produced by Ben Shaws of Huddersfield. In 2004, Britvic bought the brand and the Huddersfield factory. Pennine Spring was available as still and sparkling water and in Orange and Peach & Strawberry and Citrus flavours.

In 2013, Britvic shut down its Huddersfield factory which resulted in the Pennine Spring brand of mineral water being discontinued.

Britvic
Britvic Ltd is a British producer of soft drinks based in Hemel Hempstead, England. It produces soft drinks under the Britvic name, including the famous Britvic Orange, as well as several other brands. The original Britvic Company was founded during the 1930s as the British Vitamin Products Company, but had initially been started in a chemists in Chelmsford during 1850. In 1968 it became part of Allied Breweries, before being merged into Britannia Soft Drinks, a company jointly owned by Allied, Bass and Whitbread in 1986.

The company has been the UK license holder for Pepsi and 7 Up since 1987. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) from 2005 and expanded into non-UK markets from 2007, until it was acquired by the Carlsberg Group in July 2024. Carlsberg's UK operations were merged with Britvic plc, becoming Carlsberg Britvic in January 2025, with Britvic Ltd being a wholly owned subsidiary of the new business.
Rammun
Rammun (Arabic: رمّون) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, located twelve kilometers east of Ramallah and three kilometers south of Taybeh. Other nearby towns include Deir Dibwan to the southwest, Beitin to the east and Ein Yabrud to the northeast.

Deir Dibwan
Deir Dibwan (Arabic: دير دبوان) is a Palestinian city in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank east of Ramallah. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics the town had a population of 4,169 inhabitants in 2017. There were 5,016 people from Deir Dibwan living abroad. Deir Dibwan was built close to the ruins of Et-Tell.
Governor of Chernivtsi Oblast
The governor of Chernivtsi Oblast is the head of executive branch for the Chernivtsi Oblast.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine, to serve a four-year term. The head of the Chernivtsi Regional State Administration is responsible to the President of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the exercise of his/her powers, and is accountable to and controlled by higher-level executive authorities.

The official residence for the governor is located in Chernivtsi. Since 22 November 2019 the governor is Serhiy Osachuk.

Head of local state administration
In Ukraine, the title head of local (regional) state administration (Ukrainian: Голова місцевої державної адміністрації, romanized: Holova mistsevoi derzhavnoi administratsii, IPA: [ɦoloˈwɑ misˈtsɛwoji derˈʒɑu̯noji ɐd⁽ʲ⁾min⁽ʲ⁾iˈstrɑts⁽ʲ⁾iji]) refers to the chief executive of each of the administrative divisions of Ukraine: region (includes autonomous republic, oblasts), raion (district) or city, in case of Kyiv and Sevastopol.

Informally the position of the head of regional state administration or more commonly oblast state administration (for oblasts) is referred to as governor. However, its function is very different from a traditional gubernatorial position.

The heads of local state administrations are appointed and dismissed by the President of Ukraine on the submission of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for the term of office of the head of the state.
Cercino
Cercino (Lombard: Scercin) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Milan and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Sondrio. As of 30 November 2014, it had a population of 786 and an area of 6.2 square kilometres (2.4 sq mi).

Cercino borders the following municipalities: Cino, Cosio Valtellino, Mantello, Novate Mezzola, Traona.

Novate Mezzola
Novate Mezzola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Milan and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,713 and an area of 99.7 square kilometres (38.5 sq mi).

Novate Mezzola borders the following municipalities: Bondo (Switzerland), Cercino, Cino, Civo, Dubino, Mello, Piuro, Prata Camportaccio, Samolaco, Sorico, Traona, Val Masino, Verceia, Villa di Chiavenna.
Northampton County, North Carolina
Northampton County (/nɔːrˈθæmptən/ ⓘ nor-THAMP-tən) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,471. Its county seat is Jackson. Northampton County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.

Roanoke Rapids micropolitan area
The Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in North Carolina, anchored by the city of Roanoke Rapids.

As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 79,456 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 74,716).
Curraghs
The Curragh or Ballaugh Curragh is a wetland in Ballaugh parish in the north-west of the Isle of Man. The area has a rich and varied biodiversity and is also the location of the Curraghs Wildlife Park, a zoo and nature reserve that incorporates the wetlands.

Ballaugh (parish)
Ballaugh (/bəˈlæf/ bə-LAF; Manx: Balley ny Loghey) is one of the seventeen parishes of the Isle of Man.

It is located on the west of the island (part of the traditional North Side division) in the sheading of Michael.
Paloma, Illinois
Paloma, Illinois is an unincorporated community in Honey Creek Township, Adams County, Illinois, United States. Its main auxiliary route is U.S. Route 24 and is within two miles of Coatsburg, another rural community. During the early 1900s the village was famous for its pickle production and was often nicknamed "Pickleville" because of the vast pickle farms.

Paloma is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Quincy–Hannibal combined statistical area
The Quincy–Hannibal, IL–MO Combined Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of one county in Western Illinois and three counties in northeast Missouri, anchored by the cities of Quincy and Hannibal.

As of the 2020 census, the μSA had a population of 114,649.
Pseudopodospermum hispanicum
Pseudopodospermum hispanicum, commonly known as black salsify or Spanish salsify, also known as black oyster plant, serpent root, viper's herb, viper's grass or scorzonera, is a perennial species of plant in the sunflower family (Asteraceae), cultivated as a root vegetable in the same way as purple salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius), also in the sunflower family. It is native to Southern Europe and cultivated as a crop in Southern and Central Europe. It grows on nutrient poor soils, dry pasture, rocky areas, in thickets and on limy or marly soils of temperate zones.

Root vegetable
Root vegetables are underground plant parts eaten by humans or animals as food. In agricultural and culinary terminology, the term applies to true roots, such as taproots and root tubers, as well as non-roots such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes, and stem tubers.
Romance No. 1 (Beethoven)
The Romance for violin and orchestra No. 1 in G major, Op. 40, was composed by Ludwig van Beethoven, one of two such compositions, the other being Romance No. 2 in F major, Op. 50. It was written about 1801, after the second Romance, and was published 1803, two years before the publication of the second. Thus, this romance was designated as Beethoven's first.

The Romance, Op. 40, is scored for violin solo and an orchestra of strings, two oboes, two bassoons, two horns and flute. The duration is about 8 minutes.

The unaccompanied opening bars for the solo violin

G major
G major is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and F♯. Its key signature has one sharp.  Its relative minor is E minor and its parallel minor is G minor.

The G major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The G harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Vietnam People's Navy
The Vietnam People's Navy (VPN; Vietnamese: Hải quân nhân dân Việt Nam), internally the Naval Service (Vietnamese: Quân chủng Hải quân (QCHQ)), also known as the Vietnamese People's Navy or the Vietnamese Navy (Vietnamese: Hải quân Việt Nam), is the naval branch of the Vietnam People's Army and is responsible for the protection of the country's national waters, islands, and interests of the maritime economy, as well as for the co-ordination of maritime police, customs service and the border defence force.

The VPN also maintains a naval infantry arm, the Vietnam People's Navy Naval Infantry, which, according to the International Institute of Strategic Studies, in 2025 constituted the majority of the VPN, with 27,000 naval infantrymen.

Vũng Rô Bay incident
The Vũng Rô Bay incident refers to the discovery of a 100-ton North Vietnamese naval trawler attempting to unload supplies and munitions on a beach in South Vietnam's Vũng Rô Bay on 16 February 1965. The incident spurred further United States Navy involvement in the Vietnam War.
Life Goes On (Sash! album)
Life Goes On is the second album by the German DJ Sash! released on 17 August 1998 via Mighty label. It contains the hit singles "La Primavera" and "Mysterious Times". Overall, the record includes four singles: "La Primavera", "Mysterious Times", "Move Mania", and "Colour the World". The album was certified gold in the UK.

Mysterious Times
"Mysterious Times" is a song by German production group Sash! featuring British singer Tina Cousins. It was released on 1 August 1998 as the second single from their second album, Life Goes On (1998). The song peaked at number two in the United Kingdom, giving Sash! their fourth number-two single. In the United States, it peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Dance Club Play chart in January 2000.
European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs
The Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET, after the French name Affaires étrangères), previously called Political Affairs, is a committee of the European Parliament. It is responsible for the common foreign, security, and defence policy of the European Union, as well as relations with other European and international institutions, strengthening relations with third countries, the accession of new member states, and human rights. During the Ninth European Parliament (2019–2024), the committee has 79 members and is chaired by David McAllister from Germany.

The committee has two subcommittees: the Subcommittee on Human Rights (DROI) and the Subcommittee on Security and Defence (SEDE).

European Parliament Committee on Security and Defence
The Committee on Security and Defence (SEDE) is a committee of the European Parliament. It is responsible for European security and defence policy, including institutions, capabilities and operations, as well as developing relations with strategic partners and third countries. During the Tenth European Parliament (2024-2029), the committee has 30 members and is chaired by Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann from Germany.

The body was initially formed as a subcommittee of the Committee on Foreign Affairs in 2004. On 18 December 2024, it was transformed into a full committee by decision of the European Parliament, with effect from 20 January 2025.
Cecil Chaudhry
Cecil Chaudhry SJ SBt PP (27 August 1941 – 13 April 2012) was a Pakistani academic, human rights activist, and a veteran fighter pilot. As a flight lieutenant, he fought in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and as a squadron leader in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. During the 1965 war, Chaudhry and three other pilots, under the leadership of Wing Commander Anwar Shamim, attacked the Amritsar Radar Station in a difficult operation. He was awarded the Sitara-e-Jurat (Star of Courage) for his actions during that mission.

During the 1971 war, his aircraft was shot down by ground fire, Cecil ejected safely and was recovered by Pakistan's troops of the 40 Punjab in Zafarwal Sector.

St. Anthony High School, Lahore
St. Anthony's High School is a Catholic school system for boys and girls located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. In spite of its name as a high school, the school delivers a pre-school, primary, high school and college education across three campuses in Lahore. Established in 1892 by the Capuchin Friars from Belgium, the school is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lahore. The school's main campus is situated at Lahore's historical road, The Mall, adjacent to the Sacred Heart Cathedral.

When Lt. Col (ret) L. C. Rath was the principal in 1992, nearly 2,000 pupils were enrolled at the school with a staff of 100. As of now, the school had more than 100 qualified teachers.

The school's motto is Scientia cum Virtute translated from Latinas "Knowledge with Virtue".
Lower Lake Stone Jail
Lower Lake Stone Jail, in Lower Lake, California, is a one-room jail claimed to be the smallest jail in the United States, was erected in 1876 of stone locally quarried and reinforced with iron. During the days of the first quicksilver operations of the Sulphur Bank Mine, lasting from 1873 to 1883, rapid town growth and the urgent need for civil order necessitated the building of a jail. Stephen Nicolai, one of the first stonemasons in Lower Lake, built the jail from local materials with the help of Theodore and John Copsey.

The tiny jail is now defunct, and has been designated California Historical Landmark #429.

Lower Lake, California
Lower Lake (formerly Grantville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in the southern Clear Lake region of Lake County, in northern California.  Lower Lake is also an Indian rancheria of the Koi Nation people.
Yasato, Ibaraki
Yasato (八郷町, Yasato-machi) was a town located in Niihari District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 30,218 and a density of 196.50 persons per km2. The total area was 153.78 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Yasato was merged into the expanded city of Ishioka.

Ishioka, Ibaraki
Ishioka (石岡市, Ishioka-shi) is a Japanese city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2024, the city had an estimated population of 70,124 in 28,892 households and a population density of 325 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 33.5%. The total area of the city is 215.53 square kilometres (83.22 sq mi).
Ptychadena
Ptychadena is a genus of frogs in the grassland frog family, Ptychadenidae. They are distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as nilotic Egypt. The common names of this genus are ridged frogs and grass frogs. This type of family have many different characteristics such as the species, Ptychadena neumanni who have long hindlimbs and a large ear drum compared to the Ptychadena erlangeri, for example. They also have a unique bone structure which is a fusion between the presacral vertebrae and sacrum.

Ptychadenidae
Ptychadenidae is a family of frogs commonly known as the grassland frogs. These frogs occur in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ptychadenidae was previously considered to be a tribe or subfamily in the family Ranidae, but its position as a separate family is now well established.
Erechtheus
Erechtheus (/ɪˈrɛkθjuːs, -θiəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἐρεχθεύς) in Greek mythology was a king of Athens, the founder of the polis and, in his role as god, attached to Poseidon, as "Poseidon Erechtheus". The name Erichthonius is carried by a son of Erechtheus, but Plutarch conflated the two names in the myth of the begetting of Erechtheus.

Erichthonius (son of Hephaestus)
In Greek mythology, King Erichthonius (/ərɪkˈθoʊniəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἐριχθόνιος, romanized: Erikhthónios) was a legendary early ruler of ancient Athens. According to some myths, he was autochthonous (born of the soil, or Earth) and adopted or raised by the goddess Athena. Early Greek texts do not distinguish between him and Erechtheus, his grandson, but by the fourth century BC, during Classical times, they are distinct figures.
Free newspaper
Free newspapers are distributed free of charge, often in central places in cities and towns, on public transport, with other newspapers, or separately door-to-door. The revenues of such newspapers are based on advertising. They are published at different levels of frequencies, such as daily, weekly or monthly.

Dave Price (publisher)
Dave Price (born 1962) is an American journalist who has edited, published and founded a number of free daily newspapers including the Daily News and the Daily Post in Palo Alto, California, and the Aspen Times Daily in Aspen, Colorado.
Fangak State
Fangak State (previously named Western Bieh State) was a state in South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was located in the Greater Upper Nile region and it bordered Ruweng to the northwest, Western Nile to the northeast, Eastern Nile to the east, Eastern Bieh to the southeast, Jonglei to the south, Southern Liech to the southwest, and Northern Liech to the west.

Greater Upper Nile
The Greater Upper Nile (Arabic: منطقة أعالي النيل, romanized: A'Ali An Nil) is a region of northeastern South Sudan. It is named for the White Nile (it is its lowest portion in South Sudan), a tributary of the Nile River in North and East Africa.
Meshir 11
Meshir 10 – Coptic calendar – Meshir 12

The eleventh day of the Coptic month of Meshir, the sixth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to February 5, of the Julian calendar, and February 18, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Meshir 12
Meshir 11 – Coptic calendar – Meshir 13

The twelfth day of the Coptic month of Meshir, the sixth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to February 6, of the Julian calendar, and February 19, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.
East Lansing, Michigan
East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County, although a small portion extends north into Clinton County. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 47,741. The city is located immediately east of Lansing, Michigan's capital and sixth most populous city. Both cities are part of the Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area.

East Lansing is a college town, and is home to Michigan State University (MSU), one of the largest public universities in the United States. The city is economically and demographically dominated by MSU.

Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area
The Lansing–East Lansing Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan area located in Central Michigan defined by the Office of Management and Budget, and encompassing the counties of Eaton, Clinton, and Ingham. The region is colloquially referred to as "Mid" or Central Michigan, and less often as "Greater Lansing" or the "Capital Area". As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 473,203. It ranks as Michigan's third-largest metropolitan area behind metropolitan Detroit and Grand Rapids.
Ninja Tune
Ninja Tune is an independent record label based in London, with a satellite office in Los Angeles. It was founded in 1990 by musicians Matt Black and Jonathan More, known collectively as Coldcut. The label was established as an outlet for Coldcut to explore a style distinct from that of the mainstream music industry.

Bonobo (musician)
Simon Green (born 30 March 1976), known by his stage name Bonobo, is an English musician, producer, and DJ based in Los Angeles. He debuted with a trip hop aesthetic and has since explored more upbeat approaches as well as jazz and world music influences. His electronic sound incorporates the use of organic instrumentation and is recreated by a full band in live performances.
The Complete Chester Gould's Dick Tracy
The Complete Chester Gould's Dick Tracy (also known as The Complete Dick Tracy) is a series of 29 hardcover books published by The Library of American Comics, an imprint of IDW Publishing, that bring together every Dick Tracy comic strip in chronological order, both black-and-white dailies and Sunday strips, written and drawn by Chester Gould from its premiere on October 4, 1931, until December 25, 1977.

Chester Gould
Chester Gould (/ɡuːld/; November 20, 1900 – May 11, 1985) was an American cartoonist, best known as the creator of the Dick Tracy comic strip, which he wrote and drew from 1931 to 1977, incorporating numerous colorful and monstrous villains.
Sunderland High School
Sunderland High School was a mixed private day school located in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. Founded in 1883 as the oldest girls' senior school in Sunderland, it merged with a local boys' school to become the current coeducational school. A junior school was later added and is located on a separate site nearby. It is owned by the United Church Schools Trust. The school closed at the end of the 2016 Summer term.

Kate Adie
Kathryn Adie CBE DL (born 19 September 1945) is an English journalist. She was Chief News Correspondent for BBC News between 1989 and 2003, during which time she reported from war zones around the world.

She retired from the BBC in early 2003 and works as a freelance presenter with From Our Own Correspondent on BBC Radio 4.
Joaquín Maurín
Joaquín Maurín Juliá (Catalan: Joaquim Maurín, 12 January 1896 – 5 November 1973) was a Spanish communist politician and activist. The leader of the Workers and Peasants Bloc (BOC) and of the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (POUM), he was active mainly in Catalonia.

POUM
The Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (Spanish: Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista, POUM; Catalan: Partit Obrer d'Unificació Marxista, POUM) was a Spanish communist party formed during the Second Republic and mainly active around the Spanish Civil War. It was formed by the fusion of the Trotskyist Communist Left of Spain (Izquierda Comunista de España, ICE) and the Workers and Peasants' Bloc (BOC, affiliated with the Right Opposition) against the will of Leon Trotsky, with whom the former broke.
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the France–Spain border. They extend nearly 500 km (310 mi) from their union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean coast, reaching a maximum elevation of 3,404 metres (11,168 ft) at the peak of Aneto.

For the most part, the main crest forms a political divide between the states of Spain and France, with the microstate of Andorra sandwiched in between. Historically, the Crown of Aragon and the Kingdom of Navarre extended on both sides of the mountain range.

Luz Ardiden
Luz Ardiden is a ski resort in the Pyrenees. It is situated in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, in the Occitanie Region. The ski resort lies at a height of 1,720 m (5,640 ft) and was opened on 16 January 1975. In recent years the road to Luz Ardiden has served as an occasional stage finish for the Tour de France and the Vuelta a España.