hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colmenarejo
Colmenarejo (Spanish: [kolmenaˈɾexo] ⓘ) is a Spanish town and municipality in the Community of Madrid, located in the northwest of the region, in the foothills of the Sierra de Guadarrama, 899 meters high and 37 kilometers away from the capital. It is bordered to the north by El Escorial, to the east by Galapagar, to the south by Villanueva del Pardillo and to the west by Valdemorillo. Its only road access is the M 510, from Galapagar or from Valdemorillo. It has in its municipality with the east bank of the reservoir of Valmayor, second in capacity of the Region of Madrid, with the third Campus of the University Carlos III of Madrid.

Villanueva del Pardillo
Villanueva del Pardillo is a municipality and Spanish town of the Community of Madrid, situated 26 kilometers from the capital of Spain and nestled in the natural environment of the Cuenca del Guadarrama. It borders the municipalities of Majadahonda, Las Rozas de Madrid, Villanueva de la Cañada, Galapagar, Colmenarejo and Valdemorillo.
Montecilfone
Montecilfone (Arbërisht: Munxhufuni) is an Arbëreshë comune of the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region of Molise, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Campobasso. It borders Guglionesi, Montenero di Bisaccia and Palata.

Palata, Italy
Palata is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso, located in the Italian region of Molise. It is situated about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Campobasso.

Palata borders the following municipalities: Acquaviva Collecroce, Guardialfiera, Guglionesi, Larino, Montecilfone, Montenero di Bisaccia, Tavenna.
Calera Creek
Calera Creek (Pacifica, California) is a stream in the Rockaway Beach and Vallemar neighborhoods of Pacifica, California.  The creek is named for the limestone deposits and historical Rockaway Quarry located nearby. With headwaters in the Sweeney Ridge national park, this creek presently enjoys wetlands restoration from the Calera Creek Water Recycling Plant, and contains habitat for the California red-legged frog and San Francisco garter snake.

37°36′39″N 122°29′50″W﻿ / ﻿37.61087°N 122.49720°W﻿ / 37.61087; -122.49720

Log, Calera Creek Wetlands, Pacifica

Coastline near Calera Creek

Pacifica, California
Pacifica (Spanish: Pacífica, meaning "Peaceful") is a city in San Mateo County, California, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean between San Francisco and Half Moon Bay. As of the 2020 census, Pacifica had a population of 38,640.
Mexico City Arena
Mexico City Arena (Spanish: Arena Ciudad de México), marketed as Arena CDMX, is an indoor arena in Azcapotzalco, Mexico City, Mexico. It hosts concerts, sports, and other events. It officially opened on February 25, 2012. The total cost of the arena was US$300 million. The arena has a maximum capacity of 22,300 spectators. It is operated by Zignia Live. It is located in Avenida de las Granjas, close to Ferrería metro station, Fortuna railway station of the Suburban Railway, and next to TecMilenio University.

Fortuna railway station (Mexico City)
Fortuna is a commuter railway station serving the Ferrocarril Suburbano, a suburban rail that connects the State of Mexico with Mexico City. The station is located in the municipality of Azcapotzalco in the northern part of Mexico City.
Duchy of Bytom
The Duchy of Bytom (Polish: Księstwo Bytomskie, Czech: Bytomské knížectví, German: Herzogtum Beuthen) was a duchy in Upper Silesia, one of the Silesian duchies of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. It was established in Upper Silesia about 1281 during the division of the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz among the sons of Duke Władysław Opolski. The duchy's capital was Bytom, formerly part of Lesser Poland until in 1177 the Polish High Duke Casimir II the Just had attached it to the Silesian Duchy of Racibórz.

Duchies of Silesia
The Duchies of Silesia were the more than twenty divisions of the region of Silesia formed between the 12th and 14th centuries by the breakup of the Duchy of Silesia, then part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1335, the duchies were ceded to the Kingdom of Bohemia under the Treaty of Trentschin. Thereafter until 1742, Silesia was one of the Bohemian crown lands and lay within the Holy Roman Empire. Most of Silesia was annexed by the King of Prussia under the Treaty of Berlin in 1742. Only the Duchy of Teschen, the Duchy of Troppau and the Duchy of Nysa remained under the control of the Bohemian crown and as such were known as the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia until 1918.
Vīrya
Vīrya (Sanskrit; Pali: viriya) is a Buddhist term commonly translated as "energy", "diligence", "enthusiasm", "effort", "heroism", or "help". It can be defined as an attitude of gladly engaging in wholesome activities, and it functions to cause one to accomplish wholesome or virtuous actions.

Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
In Buddhism, the bodhipakkhiyā dhammā (Pali; variant spellings include bodhipakkhikā dhammā and bodhapakkhiyā dhammā; Skt.: bodhipakṣa dharma) are qualities (dhammā) conducive or related to (pakkhiya) awakening/understanding (bodhi), i.e. the factors and wholesome qualities which are developed when the mind is trained (bhavana).

In the Pali commentaries, the term bodhipakkhiyā dhammā is used to refer to seven sets of such qualities regularly attributed to the Buddha throughout the Pali Canon. Within these seven sets of bodhi-related qualities, there is listed a total of thirty-seven repetitious and interrelated qualities (sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā).

These seven sets of qualities are recognized by both Theravadan and Mahayanan Buddhists as complementary facets of the Buddhist path to bodhi.
Star, Fife
Star, also known as Star of Markinch (and historically as Star of Brunton or Star of Dalginch)), is a small village in Fife, Scotland.

The name of Star derives from the causeway (stair) over the Star Moss, a raised bog to the northwest of the village which drains out to land to the north of the village. East of the village are two reservoirs, taking advantage of the already wet conditions. The boggy conditions attract thousands of overwintering greylag geese. Skeins of them can be seen flying over the village from October until early May.

Both the Star Moss and the nearby Carriston Reservoir are sites of special scientific interest.

Kennoway Star Hearts F.C.
Kennoway Star Hearts Football Club are a football club from the village of Star near Kennoway in Fife, Scotland. Currently competing in the East of Scotland League Second Division, the club play their home games at Treaton Park.
Phacelia divaricata
Phacelia divaricata is a species of phacelia known by the common name divaricate phacelia. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the coastal hills and mountain ranges around the San Francisco Bay Area and to the north. It grows in chaparral, woodland, grassland, and other local habitat.

Phacelia
Phacelia (phacelia, scorpionweed, heliotrope) is a genus of about 200 species of annual or perennial herbaceous plants in the family Hydrophyllaceae, native to North and South America. California is particularly rich in species with over 90 recorded in the region.

The genus includes both annual and perennial species. Many have been cultivated as garden and honey plants.

The mining bee Andrena phaceliae is a specialist pollinator of this genus in the Eastern United States.
Elof Axel Carlson
Elof Axel Carlson (1931 – December 17, 2025) was an American geneticist who was a distinguished teaching professor emeritus at State University of New York at Stony Brook, as well as being a historian of science. Carlson earned his B.A. in 1953 from New York University, and his PhD in 1958 in zoology from Indiana University Bloomington under the mentorship of Hermann Joseph Muller. Carlson was a past recipient of the E. Harris Harbison Award for excellence in teaching given by the Danforth Foundation.

Carlson was a visiting professor at the University of Minnesota, San Diego State University, and Tougaloo College. He was also a McMurrin Visiting Professor at the University of Utah. He also taught on several voyages of Semester at Sea.

Carlson died in Vancouver, Washington, on December 17, 2025, at the age of 94.

Hermann Joseph Muller
Hermann Joseph Muller (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist who was awarded the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation". Muller warned of long-term dangers of radioactive fallout from nuclear war and nuclear testing, which resulted in greater public scrutiny of these practices.
Chuadanga District
Chuadanga District (Bengali: চুয়াডাঙ্গা জেলা) is a district in south western Bangladesh, specifically Khulna Division, Bangladesh. It is bordered by the Indian state of  West Bengal to the west, Meherpur District to the northwest, Jessore District to the south, Jhenaidah District to the east, and Kushtia District to the north. Before partition Chuadanga was one of the five subdivisions of Nadia district.

Jhenaidah District
Jhenaidah District (Bengali: ঝিনাইদহ জেলা) is a district in southwestern Bangladesh. Part of the Khulna Division, the district has an area of 1,964.77 km2 (758.60 sq mi). It is bordered by Kushtia District to the north, Jessore District and West Bengal to the south, Rajbari District and Magura District to the east, and Chuadanga District and West Bengal to the west. The largest city and headquarters of this district is Jhenaidah. At the beginning of the British rule, Jhenaidah was a police outpost and was turned into a thana in 1793. The Jhenaidah sub-division was established in 1862. It became a district in 1984.
Waterloo Microbes
The Waterloo Microbes were a minor league baseball team based in Waterloo, Iowa. The "Microbes" played as members of the Class D level Iowa State League from 1904 to 1907, winning the 1907 league championship.

After beginning minor league play as a member of the 1895 Eastern Iowa League, Waterloo teams also played as members of the Central Association (1908–1909), Illinois-Indiana-Iowa League (1910–1911) and Central Association (1913–1917), winning league championships in 1908 and 1914.

In the era, Waterloo teams hosted their minor league home games at both the West End Grounds (1895, 1904–1909) and Red Cedar Park (1908–1917).

Baseball Hall of Fame member Rube Marquard played for the Waterloo Microbes.

Muscatine, Iowa minor league baseball history
Minor league baseball teams were based in Muscatine, Iowa from 1910 to 1916, playing under five different nicknames. Muscatine teams played as members of the 1910 Northern Association and Central Association from 1911 to 1916. Muscatine teams hosted home games at League Field.

Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Sam Rice played for the 1912 Muscatine Wallopers.
Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne'
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' stood at the Arnold Arboretum until removed in 1988. Grown for the town of  Weston, Massachusetts, the tree was raised in 1965 by Dr. Donald Wyman, retired head horticulturist of Arnold Arboretum (and himself of Weston), from seeds of the historic Burgoyne Elm, that stood for c.300 years at 626 Boston Post Road, Weston, before being felled in 1967 (bole girth 25 ft.) In October 1777 a contingent of British prisoners-of-war from General Burgoyne's defeated army, captured by General Gates, bivouacked under the original tree, then nearly a century old, on their way to prison in Somerville.

The name of the tree was first noted in records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society, but is not formally recognized as a valid cultivar.

Ulmus americana
Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America. The trees can live for several hundred years. It is a very hardy species that can withstand low winter temperatures.  The American elm was once exceptionally common as a street tree, its tolerance of urban conditions making it a popular choice to line American streets in the 19th and early 20th centuries.  The coming of beetles bearing Dutch elm disease devastated the American elm population, starting in the 1920s.  The species still holds out in some locations, but is also no longer nearly as common as during its height.

The wood was seldom utilized until the advent of mechanical sawing. It is the state tree of Massachusetts and North Dakota.
Al-Ushayib
Al-Ushayib (Arabic: الاشهيب) is a village situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Ushayib had a population of 1,262 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslim Bedouins.

Bedouin villages near al-Ushayib: Shinwan, al-Asfar, al-Muftara, as-Saqiyah, Banat Baeir, Siret Alya, Tall Ushayib, Rajm Dawlah, al-Qasr, Haytalah, Abu Harat and Khirbet Umm Atayiq.

The Bedouin villages were formerly strongholds of the Islamic State in the Suwayda Governorate.

Al-Qasr, Suwayda
Al-Qasr (Arabic: القصر) is a village situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Qasr had a population of 532 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslim Bedouins.

Bedouin villages near al-Qasr: Shinwan, al-Asfar, al-Muftara, as-Saqiyah, Banat Baeir, Siret Alya, Tall Ushayib, Rajm Dawlah, al-Ushayib, Haytalah, Abu Harat and Khirbet Umm Atayiq.

The Bedouin villages were formerly strongholds of the Islamic State in the Suwayda Governorate.
Gepo language
Gepo (Köpu; autonym: ko³³pʰo⁵⁵ or ko⁵⁵pʰu²¹) is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China spoken by 100,000 people. The speakers' autonym is kɔ²¹, while the "-po" of "Gepo" means 'people'. It is spoken in 6 villages of Fumin County, eastern Luquan County, and other adjacent counties to the northeast.

(Gao 2017) classifies Geipo (autonym: ke⁵⁵pʰo²¹) as a Central Ngwi language. In Wuding County, it is spoken by 250 people in Gubai Village, Shishan Township and by 30 people in Yaoying Village, Shishan Township in Micha-majority villages.

Xilin County
Xilin County (Chinese: 西林县; pinyin: Xīlín Xiàn; Zhuang: Sihlinz Yen) is a county in the northwest of Guangxi, China, bordering Yunnan province to the south and west and Guizhou to the north. It is the westernmost county-level division of the autonomous region and is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Baise.
Kristo Kono
Kristo Kono (17 July 1907 – 22 January 1991) was an Albanian composer and recipient of the People's Artist title in 1961, the highest artistic recognition title during the communist era. He was one of the early contributors to Albanian music and opera who spent all his life in their service; one of the symbols of the cultural traditions of his hometown of Korçë, same as other musicians as Tefta Tashko-Koço, Jorgjia Truja, and Kristaq Antoniu; and one of the main personalities of the early generation of Albanian composers together with Nikolla Zoraqi, Tish Daija, Tonin Harapi, and Feim Ibrahimi.

Tefta Tashko-Koço
Tefta Tashko-Koço (pronounced [tɛfˈta taʃˈkɔ kɔtˈʃɔ]; 2 November 1910 – 22 December 1947) was an Albanian singer and soprano. She was a leading figure in the regional music industry and is considered one of the most influential personalities of the 20th century in the Albanian-speaking world.

She was posthumously awarded the prestigious title People's Artist.
Presidents' Athletic Conference
The Presidents' Athletic Conference (PAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III. Of its 12 member schools, all private, liberal arts institutions of higher learning, nine are located in Western Pennsylvania. The other three are located in adjacent areas, historically tied to Western Pennsylvania—Appalachian Ohio, Northeast Ohio, and the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia.

Bethany College (West Virginia)
Bethany College is a private liberal arts college in Bethany, West Virginia, United States. Founded in 1840 by minister Alexander Campbell of the Restoration Movement, who gained support by the Virginia legislature, Bethany College was the first institution of higher education in what is now West Virginia. The college has an enrollment of approximately 620 students.
USS Mobile Bay
USS Mobile Bay (CG-53) was a Ticonderoga class guided-missile cruiser that served in the United States Navy from 1987 to 2023. She is named for the naval Battle of Mobile Bay during the American Civil War in 1864.

USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)
USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) is the fifth Nimitz-class aircraft carrier in the United States Navy. She is the third Navy ship to have been named after the former president Abraham Lincoln. Her home port is NAS North Island, San Diego, California; she is a member of the United States Pacific Fleet. She is administratively responsible to Commander, Naval Air Forces Pacific, and operationally serves as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 3 and host to Carrier Air Wing Nine. She was returned to the fleet on 12 May 2017, marking the successful completion of her Refueling and Complex Overhaul (RCOH) carried out at Newport News Shipyard.
Kunduz District
Kunduz District (Pashto:  د کندز ولسوالۍ; Dari: ولسوالی قندوز) is situated in the center of Kunduz Province in Northern Afghanistan, around the provincial capital - the city of Kunduz. It borders Chahar dara District to the west, Qalay-I-Zal and Imam Sahib districts to the north, Archi and Khan Abad districts to the east and Ali abad District to the south. The population is 254,100 (2006). The roads are good and all the villages are accessible. There is an airport 8 km South-East from the city.The agriculture is a major source of income and the land is in very good condition and most of it irrigated. There are other business activities also and the rate of unemployed people is lower than the other districts in the province.

Qalay-I-Zal District
Qalay-I-Zal District (ولسوالی قلعه ذال),  also spelled Qala-i-Zal, is situated in the western part of Kunduz Province, northern Afghanistan. It borders Balkh Province to the west and Tajikistan to the north along the Panj, Vakhsh and Amu Darya rivers. To the east it borders Imam Sahib District and to the south Kunduz and Chahar dara districts. Qalay-I-Zal River flows through the district and divides it in two parts. The population is 60,600 (2006) - 60% Turkmen and 40% Pashtun. The district is almost a desert and only the irrigated land is arable. The agriculture and  carpet weaving are the most important sources of income.

The district was fought over with the Taliban in the War in Afghanistan.

The Taliban captured Qalay-I-Zal District on 6 May 2017 during their 2017 spring offensive; Operation Mansoori.
Lubna bint Hajar
Lubnā bint Hājar (Arabic: لُبنى بنت هاجَر) was a wife of Abd al-Muttalib and the mother of Abū Lahab.

Her father, Hajar ibn Abd Manaf ibn Datir ibn Hubashiya ibn Salul ibn Ka'b ibn 'Amr, was from the Khuza'a tribe. Her mother, Hind bint 'Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murra, was from the Taym clan of the Quraysh. Hind's mother was Sawda bint Zuhra ibn Kilab,.

By her marriage to Abd al-Muttalib, Lubna had one son, Abd al-Uzza, known as Abu Lahab ("father of the flame") "because of his beauty and charm".

According to later Muslim historians, Lubna was known as al-Samajij, which could mean "ill-favoured" (ugly) or even "without any good quality".

Abd al-Muttalib
Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شيبة بن هاشم; c. 481–578), better known as ʿAbd al-Muttalib, (Arabic: عبد المطلب, lit. 'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation and grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Pennsylvania barn
A Pennsylvania barn is a type of bank barn built in the United States from about 1790 to 1900. The style's most distinguishing feature is an overshoot or forebay, an area where one or more walls overshoot its foundation. These barns were banked and set into a hillside to ensure easy access to the basement and the level above. Almost all Pennsylvania barns also have gable roofs. Barn scholar Robert Ensminger classified the Pennsylvania barn into three types: Standard Pennsylvania, Sweitzer, and Extended Pennsylvania barns.: 56  The Pennsylvania-style barns were also built in the Shenandoah Valley, as well as west of Pennsylvania and in Canada.

Bank barn
A bank barn or banked barn is a style of barn which is accessible from the ground, on two separate levels. Often built into the side of a hill or bank, the upper and the lower floors could both be accessed from the ground, one area at the top of the hill and the other at the bottom. The second level of a bank barn could also be accessed from a ramp if a hill was unavailable.

Examples of bank barns can be found in the United Kingdom, in the United States, in eastern Canada, in Norway, in the Dordogne in France, and in Umbria, Italy, among other places.
Gerald Moverley
Gerald Moverley (9 April 1922 - 14 December 1996) was the first Bishop of the Diocese of Hallam in Yorkshire from 30 May 1980 until July 1996 when he resigned due to ill health.

Born in Bradford, England, Gerald Moverley was ordained priest on 28 April 1946, aged 24, in Leeds.

Moverley earned a Doctorate of Canon Law at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in 1954

Moverley was consecrated by Bishop William Gordon Wheeler. On 6 December 1967, aged 45, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Leeds and Titular Bishop of Tinis in Proconsulari.

He died in 1996 as Bishop Emeritus of Hallam and was succeeded by Rt. Rev. John Rawsthorne on 3 July 1997.

He had been a priest for 50 years and a bishop for almost 29 years.

Diocese of Hallam
The Diocese of Hallam (Latin: Dioecesis Hallamensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in England. The diocese comprises the whole of the City of Sheffield, and the surrounding towns of Rotherham, Doncaster, Barnsley, Chesterfield, the Peak District and areas of Worksop and Retford. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Liverpool.
Abbey of Santa Maria della Neve
The Abbey of St Mary of the Snows (Badia di Santa Maria della Neve) is a Benedictine Monastery and church, located in a rural spot on Via Badia #28 in the frazione of Torrechiara and its castle, in the town limits of Langhirano, Province of Parma, Italy. The monastery is affiliated with the monastery of San Giovanni Evangelista, Parma.

Torrechiara Castle
Torrechiara Castle (Italian: Castello di Torrechiara) is a 15th-century castle near Langhirano, in the province of Parma, northern Italy. It sits atop a terraced hill south of the city of Parma, in a strategic position overlooking the Parma River in the valley below. The castle was commissioned by Pier Maria II de' Rossi, the fourth count of San Secondo, and built between 1448 and 1460. The fortress shows the influence of the castles of the House of Sforza, particularly Visconti-Sforza Castle. The castle is managed by the Polo Museale dell'Emilia Romagna since 2015.
Tim O'Brien (musician)
Timothy O'Brien (born March 16, 1954) is an American country and bluegrass musician. In addition to singing, he plays guitar, fiddle, mandolin, banjo, bouzouki and mandocello. He has released more than ten studio albums, in addition to charting a duet with Kathy Mattea entitled "The Battle Hymn of Love", a No. 9 hit on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in 1990. In November 2013 he was inducted into the West Virginia Music Hall of Fame.

Hot Rize
Hot Rize is an American bluegrass band that rose to prominence in the early 1980s. Established in 1978, Hot Rize has appeared on national radio and TV shows, and has toured most of the United States, as well as Japan, Europe and Australia.

The band were inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2025.