hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pre-sectarian Buddhism
Pre-sectarian Buddhism, also called early Buddhism, the earliest Buddhism, original Buddhism, and primitive Buddhism, is Buddhism as theorised to have existed before the various early Buddhist schools developed, around 250 BCE (followed by later subsects of Buddhism).

The contents and teachings of this pre-sectarian Buddhism must be deduced or re-constructed from the earliest Buddhist texts, which by themselves are already sectarian. The whole subject remains intensely debated by scholars, not all of whom believe a meaningful reconstruction is possible.

"Early Buddhism" may also be used for considerably later periods.

Saṃyutta Nikāya
The Saṃyutta Nikāya ("Connected Discourses" or "Kindred Sayings") is a Buddhist scriptures collection, the third of the five Nikāyas, or collections, in the Sutta Piṭaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pāli Tipiṭaka of Theravāda Buddhism.  Because of the abbreviated way parts of the text are written, the total number of suttas/sūtras is unclear. The editor of the Pali Text Society edition of the text made it 2889, Bodhi in his translation has 2904, while the commentaries give 7762. A study by Rupert Gethin gives the totals for the Burmese and Sinhalese editions as 2854 and 7656, respectively, and his own calculation as 6696; he also says the total in the Thai edition is unclear. The suttas/sūtras are grouped into five vaggas/vargas, or sections. Each vagga/varga is further divided into saṃyuttas/saṃyuktas, or chapters, each of which in turn contains a group of suttas/sūtras on a related topic.
Stead House
Stead House is a Victorian Italianate residence located at 12 Leicester Street, Marrickville, an inner western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The residence was established as Waterloo Villa in the early 1850s by Archibald Mitchell on part of the 12-hectare (30-acre) grant known as Wain's Farm. Stead House is an excellent example of a remnant grand estate house that is the product of a series of alterations and additions by owner Samuel Cook, manager of The Sydney Morning Herald in the late 19th century and The Salvation Army who purchased the property in 1911, following Cook's death in 1910.

Marrickville
Marrickville is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in New South Wales, Australia. Marrickville is located 7 kilometres (4 miles) south-west of the Sydney central business district and is the largest suburb in the Inner West Council local government area.

Marrickville sits on the northern bank of the Cooks River, opposite Earlwood and shares borders with Stanmore, Enmore, Newtown, St Peters, Sydenham, Tempe, Dulwich Hill, Hurlstone Park and Petersham. The southern part of the suburb, near the river, is known as Marrickville South and includes the historical locality called The Warren.

Marrickville is culturally diverse, and contains both low and high density residential, commercial and light industrial areas.
Centaurus X-3
Centaurus X-3 (4U 1118–60) is an X-ray pulsar with a period of 4.84 seconds. It was the first X-ray pulsar to be discovered, and the third X-ray source to be discovered in the constellation Centaurus. The system consists of a neutron star orbiting a massive, O-type supergiant star dubbed Krzemiński's star /(k)ʃɛˈmɪnskiz/ after its discoverer, Wojciech Krzemiński. Matter is being accreted from the star onto the neutron star, resulting in X-ray emission.

Uhuru (satellite)
Uhuru was the first satellite launched specifically for the purpose of X-ray astronomy.  It was also known as the X-ray Explorer Satellite, SAS-A (for Small Astronomy Satellite A, the first of the three-spacecraft SAS series), SAS 1, or Explorer 42. The NASA observatory was launched on 12 December 1970 into an initial orbit of about 560 km apogee, 520 km perigee, 3 degrees inclination, with a period of 96 minutes. The mission ended in March 1973. Uhuru was a scanning mission, with a spin period of ~12 minutes. It performed the first comprehensive survey of the entire sky for X-ray sources, with a sensitivity of about 0.001 times the intensity of the Crab nebula.
Mount Kjerringa
Mount Kjerringa is an isolated peak, 1,220 metres (4,000 ft) above sea level, situated roughly 8 nmi (15 km) north of the Aker Peaks, 26 nmi (48 km) west of Magnet Bay, and 57 km (31 nmi) northeast of Mount Elkins in Enderby Land, East Antarctica.

Mount Elkins
Mount Elkins, also known as Jökelen (which means "The Glacier") is a dark, steep-sided mountain with three major peaks, the highest 2,300 meters (7,500 ft) above sea level, in the Napier Mountains of Enderby Land. Enderby Land is part of East Antarctica and is claimed by Australia as part of the Australian Antarctic Territory. The mountain was named after Terence James Elkins, an ionospheric physicist with the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions at Mawson Station in 1960.
Downtown Las Vegas
Downtown Las Vegas (commonly abbreviated as DTLV) is the central business district and historic center of Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. It is the original townsite, and the Downtown Gaming Area was the primary gambling district of Las Vegas prior to the Strip. As the urban core of the Las Vegas Valley, it features a variety of hotel and business highrises, cultural centers, historical buildings and government institutions, as well as residential and retail developments.  Downtown is located in the center of the Las Vegas Valley and just north of the Las Vegas Strip, centered on Fremont Street, the Fremont Street Experience and Fremont East.  The city defines the area as bounded by I-15 on the west, Washington Avenue on the north, Maryland Parkway on the east and Sahara Avenue on the south.

Downtown (Nevada gaming area)
"Downtown Las Vegas Area" is the name assigned by the Nevada Gaming Control Board (NGCB) which includes the Downtown Las Vegas area casinos and The Strat casino tower which is located 2 miles (3.2 km) from Fremont Street. The city of Las Vegas uses the term Downtown Gaming for the casinos near the Fremont Street Experience.  The land is part of the 110 acres (45 ha) that were auctioned on May 15, 1905 when the city was founded.
Robertson High School
Robertson High School (RHS) is a public senior high school in Las Vegas, New Mexico, United States. The school is part of the Las Vegas City Schools District in former East Las Vegas. The building dates from about 1945, when it was known as Las Vegas High School.  The school was renamed Las Vegas Robertson High School in 1958, after the old Las Vegas High School burned down and a new building was constructed. W. J. Robertson had been the superintendent of the Las Vegas City Schools since 1941 when he suffered a fatal heart attack on November 26, 1956, at the age of 55. Mr. Robertson, born in Kansas on November 3, 1901, also served as principal at Las Vegas High School for many years prior.  The colors of RHS are red and white, their mascot is the Cardinal. The enrollment currently stands at 414.

The attendance boundary of the school district, effectively that of the high school, includes eastern sections of Las Vegas, and Watrous.

Las Vegas, New Mexico
Las Vegas is a city in the state of New Mexico in the United States. It is the county seat of San Miguel County. Las Vegas was once two separate municipalities, one named West Las Vegas ("Old Town") and one named East Las Vegas ("New Town"). They were separated by the Gallinas River and still retain distinct characters and separate school districts. Las Vegas is home to New Mexico Highlands University.

The city's population was 13,166 at the official 2020 census.
Disposable camera
A disposable or single-use camera is a simple box camera meant to be used once. Most use fixed-focus lenses. Some are equipped with an integrated flash unit, and there are even waterproof versions for underwater photography. Internally, the cameras use a 135 film or an APS cartridge.

While some disposables contain an actual cartridge as used for loading normal, reusable cameras, others just have the film wound internally on an open spool. The whole camera is handed in for processing. Some of the cameras are recycled, i.e. refilled with film and resold. The cameras are returned for "processing" in the same fashion as film cameras.

In general the one-time-use camera represents a return to the business model pioneered by Kodak for their Kodak camera, predecessor to the Brownie camera; it is particularly popular in situations where a reusable camera would be easily stolen or damaged, when one's regular camera is forgotten, or if one cannot afford a regular camera.

Box camera
A box camera is a simple type of camera, the most common form being a cardboard or plastic box with a lens in one end and film at the other. They were sold in large numbers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The lenses are often single element designs meniscus fixed focus lens, or in better quality box cameras a doublet lens with minimal (if any) possible adjustments to the aperture or shutter speeds. Because of the inability to adjust focus, the small lens aperture and the low sensitivity of the sensitive materials available, these cameras work best in brightly lit day-lit scenes when the subject is within the hyperfocal distance for the lens and of subjects that move little during the exposure. Eventually, box cameras with photographic flash, shutter and aperture adjustment were introduced, allowing indoor photos.
Strata-East Records
Strata-East Records is an American record company and label specialising in jazz founded in 1971 by Charles Tolliver and Stanley Cowell with the release of their first recording Music Inc. The label released over 50 albums in the 1970s. Many of the label's releases are now hailed as prime examples of 1970s post-bop, spiritual jazz, and afro-jazz.

Gil Scott-Heron recorded his 1974 album Winter in America with Brian Jackson for Strata-East. "The Bottle" featured on the album, was a popular single. This album stands as one of the label's best-known recordings.

Clifford Jordan and Bill Lee, father of Spike Lee, were involved in many releases.

Brian Jackson (musician)
Brian Robert Jackson (born October 11, 1952) is an American keyboardist, flautist, singer, composer, and producer known for his collaborations with Gil Scott-Heron in the 1970s. The sound of Jackson's Rhodes electric piano and flute accompaniments featured prominently in many of their compositions, most notably on "The Bottle" and "Your Daddy Loves You" from their first official collaboration Winter in America.
All Saints Church, Theddlethorpe
All Saints’ Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Theddlethorpe All Saints, Lincolnshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church stands to the east of the A1031 road in the area of the village named Theddlethorpe All Saints, and is some 3 miles (5 km) northeast of Mablethorpe.  It has been called the "Cathedral of the Marsh".

Theddlethorpe All Saints
Theddlethorpe All Saints or West Theddlethorpe is a village and civil parish about 10 miles (16 km) from Louth, in the East Lindsey district, in the county of Lincolnshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 165. The parish touches Gayton le Marsh, Great Carlton, Saltfleetby and Theddlethorpe St Helen. Theddlethorpe All Saints shares a parish council with Theddlethorpe St Helen.
Recursive language
In mathematics, logic and computer science, a recursive (or decidable) language is a recursive subset of the Kleene closure of an alphabet. Equivalently, a formal language is recursive if there exists a Turing machine that decides the formal language. In theoretical computer science, such always-halting Turing machines are called total Turing machines or algorithms.

The concept of decidability may be extended to other models of computation. For example, one may speak of languages decidable on a non-deterministic Turing machine.  Therefore, whenever an ambiguity is possible, the synonym used for "recursive language" is Turing-decidable language, rather than simply decidable.

The class of all recursive languages is often called R, although this name is also used for the class RP.

This type of language was not defined in the Chomsky hierarchy. All recursive languages are also recursively enumerable. All regular, context-free and context-sensitive languages are recursive.

Chomsky hierarchy
The Chomsky hierarchy in the fields of formal language theory, computer science, and linguistics, is a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars. A formal grammar describes how to form strings from a formal language's alphabet that are valid according to the language's syntax. The linguist Noam Chomsky theorized that four different classes of formal grammars existed that could generate increasingly complex languages. Each class can also completely generate the language of all inferior classes (set inclusive).
London Library
The London Library is an independent lending library in London, established in 1841. Membership is open to all, on payment of an annual subscription, with life and corporate memberships also available. As of December 2023 the Library had around 7,500 members.

The Library was founded on the initiative of Thomas Carlyle, who was dissatisfied with some of the policies at the British Museum Library. It is located at 14 St James's Square, in the St James's area of the City of Westminster, which has been its home since 1845.

T. S. Eliot, a long-serving president of the library, argued in July 1952 in an address to members that, "whatever social changes come about, the disappearance of the London Library would be a disaster to civilisation".

St James's
St James's is a district of Westminster, and a central district in the City of Westminster, London, forming part of the West End. The area was once part of the northwestern gardens and parks of St. James's Palace and much of it is still owned by the Crown Estate.  During the Restoration in the 17th century, the area was developed as a residential location for the British aristocracy, and around the 19th century was the focus of the development of their gentlemen's clubs. Once part of the parish of St Martin in the Fields, much of it formed the parish of St James from 1685 to 1922. Since the Second World War the area has transitioned from residential to commercial use.

St James's is bounded to the north by Piccadilly and Mayfair, to the west by Green Park, to the south by The Mall and St. James's Park, and to the east by Haymarket.
Butler County Courthouse (Missouri)
Butler County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Poplar Bluff, Butler County, Missouri.  It was built in 1928, and is a three-story, Classical Revival style brick building of cast concrete construction.  Each side is nine bays wide, with the central five bays having two-story engaged Doric order columns and pilasters on the top two floors.: 5

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Poplar Bluff, Missouri
Poplar Bluff is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Missouri, United States, that is known as "The Gateway to the Ozarks" among other names. The population was 16,225 at the 2020 census. The Poplar Bluff Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of all of Butler County. The city is at the crossroads of U.S. Route 60 and U.S. Route 67.
M'Clintock House
M'Clintock House, also known as the Baptist Parsonage, is a historic home located at Waterloo in Seneca County, New York.  It is a two-story, Federal style brick dwelling built in 1833–1836.  The home is notable as the residence of Quaker pharmacist Thomas M'Clintock and his wife Mary Ann from 1836 to 1856. In July 16, 1848, the home was the location where the Declaration of Sentiments and  other resolutions and speeches were drawn up for the subsequent First Women's Rights Convention.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

The house is one of the sites of the Women's Rights National Historical Park.  The restored mid-19th century home is open for tours in summer.

Waterloo, New York
Waterloo is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 7,378 at the 2020 census. The town and its major community are named after Waterloo, Belgium, where Napoleon was defeated.

There is also a village called Waterloo, the primary county seat of Seneca County. The Town of Waterloo is situated on the western border of the county, east of Geneva.
Hans Gustav Röhr
Hans Gustav Röhr (10 February 1895 – 10 August 1937) was a German aviation pioneer.  After the First World War international treaty obligations imposed on Germany made this impossible and he applied his talents to automobiles.  In 1926 he founded his own automobile manufacturing business, but this succumbed to bankruptcy in 1931.  After that he worked for Adler.  Here his responsibilities included design and development of new models.  One of the cars he designed and developed, launched in 1932, was the Adler Trumpf which was both technologically innovative and successful commercially.  He moved, as Technical Director, to Daimler-Benz in 1935, but his career was cut short by Pneumonia to which he succumbed, according to at least one report, after a drive in an open-topped car, and as a result of which he died.

Adler Trumpf Junior
The Adler Trumpf Junior is a small family car introduced by the Frankfurt based auto-maker Adler, early in 1934. Trumpf Junior was conceived as a similar but smaller version of the Adler Trumpf, which had already been available for two years. It intended to broaden the range and claim a share of a growing market which DKW were creating with their F1 model, and its successors, for small inexpensive front wheel drive cars.

The Trumpf Junior's development  was a shared responsibility between Hans Gustav Röhr (1895 – 1937) and his colleague and friend, Adler chief engineer Josef Dauben .
Burgas Peninsula
Burgas Peninsula (Bulgarian: полуостров Бургас, romanized: poluostrov Burgas, IPA: [poɫuˈɔstrov borˈɡas]) is a predominantly ice-covered peninsula forming the east extremity of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica extending 10 km (6.2 mi) in the east-northeast direction towards Renier Point and 4.7 km (2.9 mi). It is bounded by Bruix Cove, Moon Bay and Mugla Passage to the north, and Bransfield Strait to the south-southeast. The peninsula's interior is occupied by the Delchev Ridge of Tangra Mountains.

Mugla Passage
Mugla Passage (Bulgarian: проток Мугла, ‘Protok Mugla’ \'pro-tok 'mu-gla\) is the 1.35 km wide passage between Half Moon Island and the north coast of Burgas Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

The passage is named after the settlement of Mugla in southern Bulgaria.
Yawning Sons
Yawning Sons is a British–American collaborative musical project formed in 2008 by members of the psychedelic rock bands Yawning Man and Sons of Alpha Centauri. Often associated with the Palm Desert Scene, the project's nature has been compared to The Desert Sessions project founded by Josh Homme.

Yawning Man
Yawning Man is an American experimental rock band from La Quinta, California. The band originally formed in 1986, although they released no studio recordings until 2005. They have been noted to be one of the first influential bands in the desert rock scene.
Island Council of Saba
17°37′34.5″N 63°14′55.5″W﻿ / ﻿17.626250°N 63.248750°W﻿ / 17.626250; -63.248750

The Island Council of Saba is the legislative body of the Dutch special municipality of Saba. It consists of five members and elections take place every four years. The Island Council appoints and supervises the commissioners in the Executive Council. The Island Council is chaired by the Island Governor.

Saba (island)
Saba is a Caribbean island and the smallest special municipality (officially "public body") of the Netherlands. It consists largely of the dormant volcano Mount Scenery, which at 870 metres (2,854.3 ft) is the highest point of the entire Kingdom of the Netherlands. The island lies in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies, southeast of the Virgin Islands. Together with Bonaire and Sint Eustatius it forms the Caribbean Netherlands, also known as the BES islands.

Saba has a land area of 13 square kilometres (5.0 sq mi). The population was 2,158 in January 2025, with a population density of 147 inhabitants per square kilometre (380/sq mi). It is the smallest territory by permanent population in the Americas. Its towns and major settlements are The Bottom (the capital), Windwardside, Zion's Hill, and St. Johns.
Little Green Cars
Little Green Cars was an Irish indie rock band formed in Dublin in 2008. The band announced on 21 March 2019 that they were disbanding. In the wake of the band's breakup, four of the band members formed Soda Blonde while Stevie Appleby went on to a solo career.

Soda Blonde
Soda Blonde are an Irish alternative pop band from Dublin, Ireland, formed in 2019. The group consists of singer and songwriter Faye O'Rourke, guitarist and visual artist Adam O'Regan, bassist Donagh Seaver O’Leary, and drummer Dylan Lynch. All four members were previously part of the critically acclaimed indie band Little Green Cars before forming Soda Blonde following its disbandment.
Tobishima, Yamagata
Tobishima (飛島), is an inhabited island located in the Sea of Japan, administered as part of Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. The island, 2.75 km² in area, had 158 inhabitants as of 2020. The island has no airport, and access is normally by ferry to the city of Sakata on the mainland. The islanders are dependent mainly on commercial fishing and seasonal tourism.

Sakata, Yamagata
Sakata (酒田市, Sakata-shi) is a city located in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 96,777 in 42,600 households, and a population density of 180 people per km2. The total area of the city is 602.97 km2 (232.81 sq mi).
Onsen Yōsei Hakone-chan
Onsen Yōsei Hakone-chan (温泉幼精ハコネちゃん; lit. Young Hot Spring Fairy Hakone-chan) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Daisuke Yui. It began serialization online via Flex Comix's Comic Meteor website in 2012 and has since been collected into two tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Asahi Production and Production Reed aired from October to December 2015.

Ashi Productions
Ashi Productions Co., Ltd (Japanese: 株式会社葦プロダクション, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Ashi Purodakushon) is a Japanese anime studio, located in Suginami, Tokyo, Japan, known for its four magical-girl anime, especially Magical Princess Minky Momo. It was established by Toshihiko Sato and other artists on December 20, 1975, as Ashi Productions.  It changed its name from Ashi Productions to Production Reed Co., Ltd. (株式会社プロダクション リード) on November 1, 2007.  On February 12, 2019, the company changed its name back to Ashi Productions.