hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Comet of 1680
C/1680 V1, also called the Great Comet of 1680, Kirch's Comet, and Newton's Comet, was the first comet discovered by telescope. It was discovered by Gottfried Kirch and was one of the brightest comets of the seventeenth century. It passed about 235000 km from the surface of the Sun.

Gottfried Kirch
Gottfried Kirch (German: [ˈkɪʁç]; also Kirche [ˈkɪʁçə], Kirkius; 18 December 1639 – 25 July 1710) was a German astronomer and the first "Astronomer Royal" in Berlin and, as such, director of the nascent Berlin Observatory.
The Archaeology of Knowledge
The Archaeology of Knowledge (L’archéologie du savoir, 1969)  by Michel Foucault is a treatise about the methodology and historiography of the systems of thought (epistemes) and of knowledge (discursive formations). Foucault argues that these systems follow hidden rules that shape the limits of language and thought in any period or domain.  The archaeology of knowledge is the analytical method that Foucault used in Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason (1961), The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (1963), and The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (1966).

The Order of Things
The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (Les Mots et les Choses: Une archéologie des sciences humaines) is a book by French philosopher Michel Foucault. It proposes that every historical period has underlying epistemic assumptions, ways of thinking, which determine what is truth and what is acceptable discourse about a subject, by delineating the origins of biology, economics, and linguistics. The introduction to the origins of the human sciences begins with detailed, forensic analyses and discussion of the complex networks of sightlines, hidden-ness, and representation that exist in the group painting Las Meninas (The Ladies-in-waiting, 1656) by Diego Velázquez. Foucault's application of the analyses shows the structural parallels in the similar developments in perception that occurred in researchers' ways of seeing the subject in the human sciences.
Michael Tarver
Tyrone Evans (born March 8, 1977) is an American professional wrestler and rapper known as Michael Tarver. He is best known for his time with WWE where he appeared on the first season of WWE NXT and later debuted as a member of the faction The Nexus. After he left WWE in 2011, he wrestled for the National Wrestling Alliance and made a few appearances for New Japan Pro-Wrestling and Chikara.

Wes Brisco
Wesley Brisco (born February 21, 1983) is an American professional wrestler known for his time in Impact Wrestling  (TNA), where he is a former member of Aces & Eights. He is a member of the Brisco wrestling family; the son of former Championship Wrestling from Florida mainstay Gerald Brisco and the nephew of former NWA World Heavyweight Champion Jack Brisco.
The Forger (2011 film)
The Forger (also known as Carmel-by-the-Sea) is a 2011 American drama film about art forgery. It stars Josh Hutcherson, Hayden Panettiere, Alfred Molina, Dina Eastwood and Lauren Bacall in her final film role. The film is produced by Michael-Ryan Fletchall and Craig Comstock, directed by Lawrence Roeck, and written by Carlos De Los Rios.

Lawrence Roeck
Lawrence Roeck is an American/Canadian film director, screenwriter and film producer who directed the films Diablo (2015) and The Forger (2011). Roeck won Best Feature at the San Diego International Film Festival in 2015.
Tiger Number One
Tiger Number One initialism as Tiger No.1 (Bengali: টাইগার নাম্বার ওয়ান) (earlier titled Nababzada) is a Bangladeshi action film directed by Shahin Sumon. It stars Shakib Khan, Nipun, Shahara, Amit Hasan, Misha Sawdagor, Shiba Shanu, Kazi Hayat, Abul Hayat, and Don, among others. The film was a remake of the 2010 Tamil-language film Raavanan. This was the third film in which Shakib Khan played the villain role. Tiger Number One was released on Eid-ul-Fitr, 31 August 2011.

Kazi Hayat
Kazi Hayat (born 15 February 1947, although in a newspaper Hayat claimed that he was born on 13 April 1948) is a Bangladeshi film director, producer, writer, and actor. In 2023 he performed in Priyotoma, which is the highest grossing Bangladesh film of all time.

Hayat won Bangladesh National Film Awards eight times - Best Story for Dayi Ke (1987), Best Dialogue and Best Screenplay for Traas (1992), Best Story for Chandabaz (1993), Best Director and Best Screenplay for Desh Premik (1994), Best Cinematography for Ammajan (1999), and  Best Director for Itihas (2002).
Difficult to Cure
Difficult to Cure is the fifth studio album by the British hard rock band Rainbow, and it was released in 1981. It was the first album to feature drummer Bobby Rondinelli and vocalist Joe Lynn Turner after the departures of Cozy Powell and Graham Bonnet respectively, following the tour in support of Down to Earth. The album marked the continuing commercialization of the band's sound, with Ritchie Blackmore once describing at the time his appreciation of the band Foreigner. It became the band's highest-charting album on the UK Albums Chart, where it peaked at number three.

Joe Lynn Turner
Joe Lynn Turner (born Joseph Arthur Mark Linquito, August 2, 1951) is an American singer best known for his work with Rainbow, Deep Purple, and Yngwie Malmsteen.

Turner joined Rainbow in the early 1980s, performing on the albums Difficult to Cure (1981), Straight Between the Eyes (1982), and Bent Out of Shape (1983). Following Rainbow's disbandment, Turner collaborated with Yngwie Malmsteen on the studio album Odyssey (1988) and the live album Trial by Fire: Live in Leningrad (1989). In 1989, he became a member of Deep Purple, contributing to the album Slaves and Masters (1990) and toured with the band on a world tour in 1991.  Beyond his collaborations, Turner has released nine solo albums under his own name, beginning with his debut Rescue You (1985), and most recently Belly of the Beast (2022). Additionally, he has released two albums as part of the Hughes Turner Project: HTP (2002) and HTP 2 (2003).
Don Curtis
Donald B. Curtis (born Donald Beitelman) (May 22, 1927 – March 6, 2008) was an American professional wrestler, best known for being a member of a tag team with Mark Lewin in the 1950s and 1960s. During his partnership with Lewin, they won the NWA World Tag Team Championship. Curtis was a wrestling promoter in Jacksonville, Florida, until 1981.

José Lothario
Guadalupe Robledo (December 12, 1934 – November 6, 2018) was a Mexican professional wrestler, best known by the ring name of José Lothario. He performed for such promotions as the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE).
Recover Madrid
Recover Madrid (Spanish: Recupera Madrid) is a political party in Madrid, Spain. It began in March 2021, when four members of the City Council of Madrid left Más Madrid and formed a mixed group. The mixed group was dissolved by court order in May 2022, on Más Madrid's complaint. Two councillors left Recover Madrid before the 2023 Madrid City Council election, in which it presented a list comprising professionals from each council area. After a controversy over validation of signatures, it changed its constitution from a grouping of electors to a political party. It did not win any seats in that election.

2023 Madrid municipal election
A municipal election was held in Madrid on Sunday, 28 May 2023, to elect the 12th City Council of the municipality. All 57 seats in the City Council were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in twelve autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.
George Gaynes
George Gaynes (born George Jongejans; May 16, 1917 – February 15, 2016) was a Dutch-American singer, actor, and voice artist. Born to a Dutch father and a Russian mother in the Grand Duchy of Finland of the Russian Empire, he served in the Royal Netherlands Navy during World War II, and subsequently emigrated to the United States, where he became a citizen and began his acting career on Broadway.

Gaynes' most recognized roles in cinema were that of Commandant Eric Lassard in the Police Academy series and as John Van Horn in the 1982 comedy film Tootsie. He appeared as the curmudgeonly but lovable foster parent Henry Warnimont on the NBC series Punky Brewster; as high-powered theatrical producer Arthur Feldman on The Days and Nights of Molly Dodd; as Senator Strobe Smithers in the hit TV show Hearts Afire; and as Frank Smith, the mob boss brought down by Luke Spencer (Anthony Geary) and Laura Spencer (Genie Francis) on the soap opera General Hospital.

Punky Brewster
Punky Brewster is an American sitcom television series about a young girl (Soleil Moon Frye) being raised by a foster parent (George Gaynes) in Chicago. The show ran on NBC from September 16, 1984, to March 9, 1986, and again in syndication from October 30, 1987, to May 27, 1988.

Punky Brewster spawned an animated spin-off, It's Punky Brewster. The series featured the original cast voicing their respective characters. The cartoon was produced by Ruby-Spears, and aired on NBC from September 14, 1985, to December 6, 1986.

In 2020, NBC confirmed a 10-episode revival to air on its Peacock streaming service. Frye returned, as did original cast member Cherie Johnson. The revival premiered on February 25, 2021.
Madgaon Express
Madgaon Express is a 2024 Hindi-language crime comedy film written and directed by Kunal Khemu, in his directorial debut, and produced by Excel Entertainment. It stars an ensemble cast of Divyenndu, Pratik Gandhi, Avinash Tiwary, Nora Fatehi, Upendra Limaye and Chhaya Kadam.

Madgaon Express was theatrically released on 22 March 2024 to positive reviews from critics and grossed ₹57 crore worldwide.
It received four nominations at 70th Filmfare Awards including  Best Actor (Gandhi) and Best Debut Director (Khemu) .

Divyenndu
Divyendu Sharma (born 19 June 1983), known mononymously as Divyenndu, is an Indian actor who works primarily in Hindi films and series. He had his break-out role in the comedy Pyaar Ka Punchnama (2011), winning the Screen Award for Best Male Debut, after which he played supporting roles in the films Chashme Baddoor (2013) and Toilet: Ek Prem Katha (2017). He gained further attention for his roles in streaming ventures such as the drama series Mirzapur (2018–2020) and the miniseries The Railway Men (2023).
Jim Pons
Jim Pons (born March 14, 1943) is an American bassist, author, singer, and video director who most notably played for the Leaves (1964–1967), the Turtles (1967–1970), and the Mothers of Invention (1970–1971), and Flo & Eddie (1971-1973).

After leaving the music scene in 1973, he worked as a video director for the  New York Jets, and briefly the Jacksonville Jaguars. Pons designed the Jets team logo that was used from 1978 to 1997.

The Leaves
The Leaves were an American garage rock band formed in the San Fernando Valley, California, in 1964. They are best known for their version of the song "Hey Joe", which was a hit in 1966. Theirs is the earliest release of this song, which became a rock standard.
My Dear Killer
My Dear Killer (Italian: Mio caro assassino)  is a 1972 Italian-Spanish giallo film directed by Tonino Valerii and starring George Hilton, Marilù Tolo, Patty Shepard, Helga Line, Salvo Randone and William Berger. Some critics considered it "one of the best films in the thriller genre" and as "one of the best, most vibrant and well designed products of Italian giallo."

Tonino Valerii
Tonino Valerii (20 May 1934 – 13 October 2016) was an Italian film director, most known for his Spaghetti Westerns. Tonino (Antonio) Valerii started his film career as an assistant director on Sergio Leone's A Fistful of Dollars, before moving on to direct by himself. Among his best-known films are Day of Anger (1967) The Price of Power (1969), My Dear Killer (1972), A Reason to Live, a Reason to Die (1972) and My Name Is Nobody (1973), starring Henry Fonda and Terence Hill.

In 1970, he directed A Girl Called Jules, which was entered into the 20th Berlin International Film Festival.

He died on 13 October 2016 in a clinic in Rome at the age of 82.
Everglades Alligator Farm
Everglades Alligator Farm is a wildlife park in Miami-Dade County, Florida, nearby the city of Homestead and the entrance of Everglades National Park. It claims to be the oldest and largest alligator farm in South Florida, along with containing over 2,000 alligators. Additionally, it provides airboat rides through the Floridian wilderness.

The park works with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission to train and trap alligators hygienically and safely. Handlers are also trained on site and people who have been trained at other facilities are not hired. It is also the only alligator farm in the region that does not kill or sell alligators for meat, although it does sell their eggs to other farms in Florida.

Homestead, Florida
Homestead is a city within Miami-Dade County in the U.S. state of Florida, between Biscayne National Park to the east and Everglades National Park to the west. Homestead is primarily a Miami suburb and a major agricultural area. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida, which was home to 6,138,333 people at the 2020 census. It is located approximately 26 miles (42 km) southwest of Miami, and 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Key Largo. The population was 80,737 as of the 2020 census.

The city of Homestead is located near the southern terminus of the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike where it ends at its junction with U.S. 1.  Homestead is immediately north and east of Florida City, and these two cities comprise the greater Homestead–Florida City area. Some of the notable unincorporated communities in the area are Redland, Leisure City, Naranja, and Princeton.
Henry W. Corbett
Henry Winslow Corbett (February 18, 1827 – March 31, 1903) was an American businessman, politician, civic benefactor, and philanthropist in the state of Oregon. A native of Massachusetts, he spent his early life in the East and New York before moving to the Oregon Territory. He was a prominent figure in the early development of Portland, Oregon, and was involved in numerous business ventures there, starting in general merchandise. His interests later included banking, finance, insurance, river shipping, stage lines, railways, telegraph, iron and steel and the erection of Portland downtown buildings among other enterprises. A Republican, he served as a United States senator from 1867 to 1873.

Henry Failing
Henry Failing (January 17, 1834 – November 8, 1898) was a banker, and one of the leading businessmen of the Pacific Northwest of the United States. He was one of Portland, Oregon's earliest residents, and served as that city's mayor in two non-consecutive periods, two-and-a-half years (two 15-month terms) starting in 1864 and later a two-year term starting in 1873. He was a Republican.
2013 King Cup of Champions
The 2013 King Cup of Champions, or The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Cup, was the 38th season of King Cup of Champions since its establishment in 1957, and the 6th under the current edition. The top eight in the Professional League competed in the King cup which kicked off on 4 May. Al-Ahli were the defending champion but they were eliminated by Al-Shabab in semifinals.

Al-Ittihad won their eighth title after beating Al-Shabab 4–2 in the final, and qualified to the Champions League.

Al Shabab Club
Al-Shabab Saudi Football Club also known as Al-Shabab (Arabic: نادي الشباب لكرة القدم, romanized: nādī al-shabaab li-kurat al-qadam, lit. 'The Youth Football Club') is a Saudi Arabian professional football club based in Riyadh that competes in the Saudi Pro League. Founded in 1947 as Shabab Al-Riyadh (شباب الرياض; lit. 'Riyadh Youth'), it was renamed Al-Shabab in 1967.

The club earned its name, "Shabab," meaning "youth" in Arabic, due to its emphasis on developing young players at its inception. Unlike its rivals, which primarily featured senior players, the club focused on nurturing youth talent. This distinction persisted for many years, becoming a defining characteristic of the club. As a result, the club became renowned for its commitment to youth development.
Victorian Certificate of Education
The Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) is the credential available to secondary school students who successfully complete year 10, 11 and 12 in the Australian state of Victoria as well as in some international schools in China, Malaysia, Philippines, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam.

Study for the VCE is usually completed over three years, but can be spread over a longer period in some cases.

The VCE was established as a pilot project in 1987. The earlier Higher School Certificate (HSC) was abolished in Victoria, Australia in 1992.

Delivery of the VCE Vocational Major, an "applied learning" program within the VCE, began in 2023.

Higher School Certificate (Victoria)
The Higher School Certificate, or HSC, was the credential awarded to secondary school students who successfully completed senior high school level studies (years 10, 11 and 12 or equivalent) in the state of Victoria, Australia. In 1987, there was a trial of its successor, the Victorian Certificate of Education. In 1992, the HSC was discontinued.
The Lion (Tasmania)
The Lion is a mountain in South West Tasmania.  It lies on the North West end of the Frankland Range jutting out toward the East from the range toward the impoundment Lake Pedder. It is the third-highest mountain in the Frankland Range. It is directly South of The Cupola and North of The Citadel.

The Citadel (mountain)
The Citadel is a mountain in South West Tasmania. It lies on the north east end of the Frankland Range jutting out towards the east from the range towards the impoundment Lake Pedder. It is directly south of The Lion and west of Murpheys Bluff. It forms the south eastern border of The Moat, an alpine lake.
Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).

Inexact differential
An inexact differential or imperfect differential is a differential whose integral is path dependent. It is most often used in thermodynamics to express changes in path dependent quantities such as heat and work, but is defined more generally within mathematics as a type of differential form. In contrast, an integral of an exact differential is always path independent since the integral acts to invert the differential operator. Consequently, a quantity with an inexact differential cannot be expressed as a function of only the variables within the differential. I.e., its value cannot be inferred just by looking at the initial and final states of a given system. Inexact differentials are primarily used in calculations involving heat and work because they are path functions, not state functions.
Bernhausen
48°40′46″N 9°13′05″E﻿ / ﻿48.679333°N 9.218°E﻿ / 48.679333; 9.218

Bernhausen is a former municipality in the Esslingen district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

It was first recorded in year 1089 as Berinhusen.

In 1975 it was merged with the municipalities Bonlanden, Plattenhardt, Sielmingen and Harthausen to form the new town Filderstadt. Bernhausen is today a quartier of that town, formally named Filderstadt-Bernhausen. It has 13,216 inhabitants. Line S2 of the Stuttgart S-Bahn terminates at Filderstadt station in Bernhausen.

Plattenhardt
Plattenhardt is a former municipality in the Esslingen district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It was first recorded in year 1269 as Blatinhart.

In 1975 it was merged with the municipalities Bernhausen, Bonlanden, Sielmingen and Harthausen to form the new town Filderstadt. Plattenhardt is today a quarter of Filderstadt, formally named Filderstadt-Plattenhardt. It has 8,482 inhabitants and is located 27 km from Stuttgart.
Alba Petisco
Alba Petisco de San Fulgencio (born 1 February 2003) is a Spanish artistic gymnast. She is the 2025 European all-around silver medalist. She represented Spain at the 2020 and 2024 Olympic Games as well as the 2018 Youth Olympics where she was part of the Mixed NOC team who won gold in the mixed multi-discipline team competition. She won a bronze medal with the Spanish team at the 2022 Mediterranean Games. Additionally, she is the 2020 and 2022 Spanish all-around champion.

Roxana Popa
Roxana Daniela Popa Nedelcu (born 2 June 1997) is a Romanian-born Spanish artistic gymnast. As member of the Spain women's national gymnastics team, she competed at the 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2019 World Championships, as well as the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Amane Kanata
Amane Kanata (天音かなた) is a retired Japanese singer, songwriter and virtual YouTuber affiliated with Hololive Production. She debuted as part of Hololive Japan's fourth generation "holoForce" on 27 December 2019, and became known for her singing and songwriting abilities, as well as her strength. Over the course of her career, she released two albums and performed a solo concert, among various other appearances on Hololive group songs and at company festivals. At the time of her graduation, she had over 1.72 million YouTube subscribers.

Amane suffered multiple health complications stemming from Ménière's disease, which left her deaf in one ear, since before she joined Hololive. On 2 December 2025, she announced that she would be graduating from the company and fully leaving the entertainment industry due to work-related stress. Her final activities were held on 27 December, the sixth anniversary of her debut.

Hololive Production
Hololive Production, also known as just Hololive (both names stylized in lowercase), is a virtual YouTuber agency owned by Japanese tech entertainment company Cover Corporation. In addition to acting as a multi-channel network, Hololive Production also handles licensing, merchandising, music production and concert organization. As of May 2025, the agency manages 88 active VTubers in three target languages (Japanese, Indonesian and English), totaling over 80 million subscribers, including several of the most subscribed VTubers on YouTube and some of the most watched female streamers in the world.

The name "Hololive" was initially used for Cover's 3D stream distribution app, launched in December 2017, and later its female VTuber agency, whose first generation debuted from May to June 2018. In December 2019, Hololive was merged with Cover's male Holostars agency and INoNaKa music label under the unified "Hololive Production" brand.
The Over-the-Hill Gang
The Over-the-Hill Gang is a 1969 American made-for-television Western comedy film about a group of aging  Texas Rangers, starring Walter Brennan and Pat O'Brien. Chill Wills, Edgar Buchanan, Andy Devine, and Jack Elam play supporting roles. The film was written by Richard Carr and directed by Jean Yarbrough. The film premiered on ABC on October 7, 1969.

Walter Brennan
Walter Andrew Brennan (July 25, 1894 – September 21, 1974) was an American actor and singer. He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for Come and Get It (1936), Kentucky (1938) and The Westerner (1940), making him the only male or female actor to win three awards in the supporting actor category. Brennan was also nominated for his performance in Sergeant York (1941). Other noteworthy performances were in To Have and Have Not (1944), My Darling Clementine (1946), Red River (1948) and Rio Bravo (1959). On television, he starred in the sitcom The Real McCoys (1957–1963).