hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newman's conjecture
In mathematics, specifically in number theory, Newman's conjecture is a conjecture about the behavior of the partition function modulo any integer.  Specifically, it states that for any integers m and r such that , the value of the partition function  satisfies the congruence  for infinitely many non-negative integers n.  It was formulated by mathematician Morris Newman in 1960. It is unsolved as of 2025.

Partition function (number theory)
In number theory, the partition function p(n) represents the number of possible partitions of a non-negative integer n. For instance, p(4) = 5 because the integer 4 has the five partitions 1 + 1 + 1 + 1, 1 + 1 + 2, 1 + 3, 2 + 2, and 4.

No closed-form expression for the partition function is known, but it has both asymptotic expansions that accurately approximate it and recurrence relations by which it can be calculated exactly. It grows as an exponential function of the square root of its argument. The multiplicative inverse of its generating function is the Euler function; by Euler's pentagonal number theorem, this function is an alternating sum of pentagonal number powers of its argument.

Srinivasa Ramanujan first discovered that the partition function has nontrivial patterns in modular arithmetic, now known as Ramanujan's congruences. For instance, whenever the decimal representation of n ends in the digit 4 or 9, the number of partitions of n will be divisible by 5.
Lietuvos balsas
Lietuvos balsai is a Lithuanian reality talent show that premiered on January 29, 2012, on the LNK. Lietuvos balsai is part of the international syndication The Voice based on the reality singing competition launched in the Netherlands as The Voice of Holland, created by Dutch television producer John de Mol Jr.

LNK (Lithuanian TV channel)
LNK (Laisvas ir nepriklausomas kanalas, Free and Independent Channel) is a commercial television channel operating in Lithuania. It is a free-to-air TV channel targeted at a Lithuanian audience and primarily broadcasts local entertainment, dubbed movies, lifestyle shows, and news.

As of 2017, over 1 million people watch LNK every day.
Johann Peter Boßler
Johann Peter Boßler [ˈbɔslɐ] also written Bossler and Bosler (born between 6 and 9 April 1689 in the liberty of castle Lichtenberg; died 31 July 1742 in Darmstadt) was a German master gunsmith and hunting arms manufacturer. He was in the service of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt and is considered an outstanding figure in the history of hunting in Hesse-Darmstadt.

Even before his son Friedrich Jacob, Johann Peter Boßler had been the most famous European specialist for air rifles. Even while he was still alive, his elegant and engineeringly outstanding air guns were imitated by other gunsmiths.

It is also known that Johann Peter Boßler made hybrid air-powder rifles that could be used with explosive material and with air rifle mechanisms.

Friedrich Jacob Boßler
Friedrich Jacob Boßler [ˈbɔslɐ] also written Bossler and Bosler (18 March 1717 in Darmstadt; 7 April 1793 in Darmstadt) was a German master gunsmith and airgun maker of the 18th century.

As a court wind gun maker, he was in the service of Louis VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt, who was known as the hunting landgrave. Thanks to the outstanding craftsmanship and technical excellence of his wind rifles, Boßler is one of the most prominent figures in the history of hunting in Hesse-Darmstadt.

Along with his father Johann Peter Boßler, Friedrich Jacob Boßler was one of the few specialists for wind rifles among the gunsmiths of Europe. Already during his lifetime, elegant and technically high-value airguns made by Boßler were copied.

Boßler made hybrid hunting firearms that could be used with both flintlock and compressed air.
Bjarni Gunnar Sveinsson
Bjarni Gunnar Sveinsson (born 19 May 1946) is an Icelandic former basketball player who played 36 games for the Icelandic national team. He spent his entire career with Íþróttafélag Stúdenta where he won the Icelandic Basketball Cup in 1978.

Íþróttafélag Stúdenta
Íþróttafélag Stúdenta (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈiːˌθrouhtaˌfjɛːˌlaːɣ ˈstuːtɛnta], lit. 'Students Sports Club'), commonly known as ÍS, is an Icelandic multi-sport club based in Reykjavík, Iceland. It was founded by students of University of Iceland on 21 January 1928. Since its foundation, the club has been involved in various sports, most notably wrestling, basketball and volleyball.
Trittico di Autunno
The Trittico di Autunno is an unofficial trio of cycling classics held in October in northern Italy. It is not an official competition like its counterpart, the Trittico Lombardo. Three one day races, Milano–Torino, Giro del Piemonte and Giro di Lombardia, are held within a 4-day timeframe in the Lombardy and Piedmont regions. Before 1987, Milano–Torino was organized in the spring, which was also the case in 2005, 2006 and 2007.

Trittico Lombardo
The "Trittico Regione Lombardia" (Italian for "Lombardy Region Triptych"), usually also called Trittico Lombardo, is a cycling competition which includes three cycling races held around the region of Lombardy on three consecutive days. These races are Tre Valli Varesine, Coppa Ugo Agostoni, and Coppa Bernocchi, the winner having the best overall results in these three races.

In 2020, as a consequence of COVID-19 pandemic, the three races were united into one to form the Gran Trittico Lombardo.
London plane
The London plane, or sometimes hybrid plane, Platanus × hispanica, is a tree in the genus Platanus. It is often known by the synonym Platanus × acerifolia, a later name. It is a hybrid of Platanus orientalis (oriental plane) and Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore).

Platanus orientalis
Platanus orientalis, the Oriental plane, is a large, deciduous tree in the family Platanaceae, growing to 30 m (98 ft) or more, and known for its longevity and spreading crown. In autumn its deep green leaves may change to blood red, amber, and yellow.
Crochet
Crochet (English:  /kroʊˈʃeɪ/; French: [kʁɔʃɛ]) is a process of creating textiles by using a crochet hook to interlock loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials. The name is derived from the French term crochet, which means 'hook'. Hooks can be made from different materials (aluminum, steel, metal, wood, bamboo, bone, etc.), sizes, and types (in-line, tapered, ergonomic, etc.). The key difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before the next one, while knitting keeps many stitches open at a time. Some variant forms of crochet however, such as Tunisian crochet and Broomstick lace, do keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.

Cro-hook
The cro-hook is a special double-ended crochet hook used to make double-sided crochet. 
It employs the use of a long double-ended hook, which permits the maker to work stitches on or off from either end. Because the hook has two ends, two alternating colors of thread can be used simultaneously and freely interchanged, working loops over the hook. Crafts using a double-ended hook are commercially marketed as Cro-hook and Crochenit. Cro-hook is a variation of Tunisian crochet and also shows similarities with the Afghan stitch used to make Afghan scarves, but the fabric is typically softer with greater elasticity.
Y
Y, or y, is the twenty-fifth and penultimate letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. According to some authorities, it is the sixth (or seventh if including W) vowel letter of the English alphabet. Its name in English is wye (pronounced /ˈwaɪ/ ⓘ), plural wyes.

In the English writing system, it mostly represents a vowel and seldom a consonant, and in other orthographies it may represent a vowel or a consonant.

English alphabet
Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms. The word alphabet is a compound of alpha and beta, the names of the first two letters in the Greek alphabet. The earliest Old English writing during the 5th century used a runic alphabet known as the futhorc. The Old English Latin alphabet was adopted from the 7th century onward—and over the following centuries, various letters entered and fell out of use. By the 16th century, the present set of 26 letters had largely stabilised:

There are 5 vowel letters (A, E, I, O, U) and 19 consonant letters—as well as 2 letters (Y and W) which may function as either type. Written English has a large number of digraphs, such as ⟨ch⟩, ⟨ea⟩, ⟨oo⟩, ⟨sh⟩, and ⟨th⟩. Diacritics are generally not used to write native English words, which is unusual among orthographies used to write the languages of Europe.
The Trouble with Maggie Cole
The Trouble with Maggie Cole is a British comedy-drama television series directed by Ben Gregor, and written by Mark Brotherhood. The show's first episode premiered on British television network ITV on 4 March 2020. It stars Dawn French in the role of Maggie Cole as well as Mark Heap, Julie Hesmondhalgh, Vicki Pepperdine, Patrick Robinson, Emily Reid and Gwyneth Keyworth.

Julie Hesmondhalgh
Julie Claire Hesmondhalgh (/ˈhɛzməndhælʃ/ HEZ-mənd-halsh) is an English actress and narrator. She is known for her role as Hayley Cropper in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street between 1998 and 2014. For this role she won "Best Serial Drama Performance" at the 2014 National Television Awards and "Best Actress" at the 2014 British Soap Awards.

Hesmondhalgh's other regular television roles include Cucumber (2015), Happy Valley (2016), Broadchurch (2017) and The Pact (2021). Her stage credits include God Bless the Child at the Royal Court Theatre in London (2014), and Wit at the Royal Exchange, Manchester (2016).
Caritas Congo
Caritas Congo is a nonprofit organisation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the official aid organisation of the Congolese Catholic Church with a presence all over the country.

The organisation is a member of the global Caritas Internationalis confederation and of the regional Caritas Africa.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Kim U-gil
Kim U-gil (Korean: 김우길; born 17 October 1949) is a former boxer from North Korea who won the silver medal in the light flyweight division (– 48 kg) at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In the final he was defeated by Hungary's György Gedó on points (5:0).

György Gedó
György Gedó (born 23 April 1949) is a retired Hungarian light-flyweight boxer. He competed in the 1968, 1972, 1976 and 1980 Olympics and won a gold medal in 1972. He was the European light-flyweight champion in 1969 and 1971. Gedó is Jewish.
Violantha
Violantha is a 1928 German-Swiss silent film directed by Carl Froelich and starring  Henny Porten, Mathilde Sussin and William Dieterle. The film is set in Switzerland and is based on a novel by Ernst Zahn. In 1942 it was remade by Paul May as a sound film under the slightly different title of Violanta.

The film's art direction was by Franz Schroedter. It was shot at the Halensee Studios in Berlin and on location in Switzerland.

Violanta (1942 film)
Violanta is a 1942 German drama film directed by Paul May and starring Annelies Reinhold, Richard Häussler, and Hans Schlenck. It is based on a novel by Ernst Zahn which had previously been turned into a silent film in 1928.

Location filming took place around Kufstein in Tyrol.
Paul Motian
Stephen Paul Motian (March 25, 1931 – November 22, 2011) was an American jazz drummer, percussionist, and composer of Armenian descent. He played an important role in freeing jazz drummers from strict time-keeping duties.

Motian first came to prominence in the late 1950s in the piano trio of Bill Evans and later was a regular in pianist Keith Jarrett's band for about a decade (c. 1967–1976). The drummer began his career as a bandleader in the early 1970s. Perhaps his two most notable groups were a longstanding trio with guitarist Bill Frisell and saxophonist Joe Lovano as well as the Electric Bebop Band, in which he worked mostly with younger musicians on interpretations of bebop standards.

Lee Konitz
Leon "Lee" Konitz (October 13, 1927 – April 15, 2020) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer.

He performed successfully in a wide range of jazz styles, including bebop, cool jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Konitz's association with the cool jazz movement of the 1940s and 1950s includes participation in Miles Davis's Birth of the Cool sessions and his work with pianist Lennie Tristano. He was one of relatively few alto saxophonists of this era to retain a distinctive style, when Charlie Parker exerted a massive influence. Like other students of Tristano, Konitz improvised long, melodic lines with the rhythmic interest coming from odd accents, or odd note groupings suggestive of the imposition of one time signature over another. Other saxophonists were strongly influenced by Konitz, such as Paul Desmond and Art Pepper.

He died during the COVID-19 pandemic from complications brought on by the disease.
Mandaryna.com
Mandaryna.com is the début album by Polish singer, dancer and actress Mandaryna, released in 2004.

The album included covers of "Here I Go Again" by Whitesnake, "L'Été indien" by Joe Dassin and "Bo z dziewczynami" by Jerzy Połomski. "Here I Go Again" and "L'Été indien" were released as singles in 2004 and became successful in Poland.

Mandaryna.com reached number 8 in Polish albums chart and was certified gold in Poland.

In 2021, a remastered version of the album called "Mandaryna One" was released.

L'Été indien
"L'Été indien" (French, 'Indian summer') is a 1975 single by American singer Joe Dassin. In the song he reflects with fond memories of his lover, whom he met during an indian summer, but with whom he has now lost contact.
This Time with Alan Partridge
This Time with Alan Partridge is a British sitcom first broadcast in 2019 on BBC One. It stars Steve Coogan as the inept broadcaster Alan Partridge in a spoof of day-time magazine programmes such as The One Show and Good Morning Britain.

After a series of productions with Sky, This Time was the first BBC Alan Partridge production since I'm Alan Partridge ended in 2002. Susannah Fielding plays Partridge's co-host Jennie, and Tim Key and Felicity Montagu reprise their roles as Simon Denton and Partridge's assistant Lynn Benfield. The series received generally favourable reviews. A second series was broadcast in 2021.

Tim Key
Timothy Key (born 2 September 1976) is an English poet, comedian, actor and screenwriter. He has performed at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, both as a solo act and as part of the comedy group Cowards, and plays Sidekick Simon in various Alan Partridge film and television projects. In 2009, he won the Edinburgh Comedy Award and was nominated for the Malcolm Hardee Award for Comic Originality.
Rebecca Salsbury James
Rebecca Salsbury James (1891–1968) was a self-taught American painter, born in London, England of American parents who were traveling with the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show.  She settled in New York City, where she married photographer Paul Strand.  Following her divorce from Strand, James moved to Taos, New Mexico where she fell in with a group that included Mabel Dodge Luhan, Dorothy Brett, and Frieda Lawrence.  In 1937 she married William James, a businessman from Denver, Colorado who was then operating the Kit Carson Trading Company in Taos. She remained in Taos until her death in 1968.

James is noted for her "large scale flower blossoms and still lifes painted on glass."  She also worked on colcha embroidery, a traditional Hispanic New Mexico craft style.

Paul Strand
Paul Strand (October 16, 1890 – March 31, 1976) was an American photographer and filmmaker who, along with fellow modernist photographers like Alfred Stieglitz and Edward Weston, helped establish photography as an art form in the 20th century. In 1936, he helped found the Photo League, a cooperative of photographers who banded together around a range of common social and creative causes. His diverse body of work, spanning six decades, covers numerous genres and subjects throughout the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
Team Stange Racing
Team Stange Racing was an American racing team that planned to compete in the ARCA Menards Series and the NASCAR Cup Series fielding the No. 79 Ford Mustang for Tarso Marques. The team had also previously competed in the IndyCar Series with MotorGator as a sponsor and with Arrow Schmidt Peterson Motorsports as technical team. With Oriol Servià driving, they qualified for the 2019 Indianapolis 500 starting 19th place and finishing in 22nd place.

Oriol Servià
Oriol Servià Imbers (born 13 July 1974) is a Spanish former racing driver who competed most notably in the IndyCar Series. He raced for Dragon Racing in the 2014–15 Formula E season, and left the series prior to the 2015 Miami ePrix to become managing director for the technical and commercial partnerships of Dragon Racing. Servià holds a degree in mechanical engineering from the Polytechnic University of Catalonia. Since 2018 he also serves as pace car driver at IndyCar races outside the Indianapolis 500.
Arcangelo Salimbeni
Arcangelo Salimbeni (circa 1536 –1579) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period active in his native Siena, Italy. He was the father of the painter Ventura Salimbeni, stepfather of Francesco Vanni, and son of Leonardo. He was a follower of Domenico Beccafumi and Il Sodoma, and influenced by Federico Zuccaro. He painted in a delicate, often diaphonous Mannerist style.

Ventura Salimbeni
Ventura di Archangelo Salimbeni (also later called Bevilacqua; 20 January 1568 – 1613) was an Italian Counter-Maniera painter and printmaker highly influenced by the vaghezza and sensual reform of Federico Barocci.
Pasque Island
Pasque Island is one of the Elizabeth Islands of Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States. It lies between Nashawena Island to the west and Naushon Island to the east. The island has a land area of 3.45 km2 (1.333 sq mi or 853 acres) and had a population of 2 persons as of the 2000 census.  The island is part of the town of Gosnold, Massachusetts. It is owned by the Forbes family.

Elizabeth Islands
The Elizabeth Islands is an archipelago extending southwest from Cape Cod. They include over 20 small islands located at the outer edge of Buzzards Bay, north of Martha's Vineyard from which they are separated by Vineyard Sound. The Elizabeth Islands constitute the town of Gosnold in Dukes County, Massachusetts, based on the outermost island of Cuttyhunk, where most of the year-round population resides. All islands except for Cuttyhunk and Penikese are privately owned by the Forbes family.
John Graas
John Graas (March 14, 1917 – April 13, 1962) was an American jazz French horn player, composer, and arranger from the 1940s through 1962. He had a short but busy career on the West Coast, and became known as a pioneer of the French horn in jazz.

Stan Kenton
Stanley Newcomb Kenton (December 15, 1911 – August 25, 1979) was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
Nea Kios
Nea Kios (Greek: Νέα Κίος) is a small town and former municipality in Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Argos-Mykines, of which it is a municipal unit. The emblem of the town is Argo. The municipal unit has an area of 5.700 km2. It was founded by refugees from Cius in Bithynia after the expulsion of the Greeks from Asia Minor.

Argos-Mykines
Argos-Mykines (Greek: Άργος-Μυκήνες) is a municipality in the Argolis regional unit, Peloponnese, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the city of Argos. The municipality has an area of 1002.508 km2.

The mayor is Ioannis Maltezos, who won the election for the first time in 2023.
Mohsin Khan (Indian cricketer)
Mohsin Khan (born 15 July 1998) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Uttar Pradesh in domestic cricket and Lucknow Super Giants in the Indian Premier League. He made his Twenty20 debut for Uttar Pradesh in the 2017–18 Zonal T20 League on 10 January 2018. In January 2018, he was bought by the Mumbai Indians in the 2018 IPL auction. He made his List A debut for Uttar Pradesh in the 2017–18 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 7 February 2018. In the 2020 IPL auction, he was bought by the Mumbai Indians ahead of the 2020 Indian Premier League. He made his first-class debut on 27 January 2020, for Uttar Pradesh in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy.

In February 2022, he was bought by the Lucknow Super Giants in the auction for the 2022 Indian Premier League.

Lucknow Super Giants
The Lucknow Super Giants, also known as LSG, are a professional Twenty20 cricket team based in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, that competes in the Indian Premier League (IPL). The franchise is owned by RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group. Ekana Cricket Stadium is its home ground. As of 2025, the team is coached by Justin Langer and captained by Rishabh Pant.

Since the first appearance in 2022, the team has reached the playoffs in two seasons (2022, 2023) and finished at 7th in points table in 2024 and 2025. Currently, LSG are the only active team to have never reached an IPL final.
Ignacio, California
Ignacio (formerly Pacheco) is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. It is located 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of downtown Novato, at an elevation of 30 feet (9 m).

Ignacio is a neighborhood located west of Bel Marin Keys, CA. According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), it is located at 38°04′13″N 122°32′19″W﻿ / ﻿38.07028°N 122.53861°W﻿ / 38.07028; -122.53861, placing it north of the interchange of U.S. Route 101 and Ignacio Boulevard, in Novato.

Novato, California
Novato (Spanish for "Novatus") is a city in Marin County, California, United States, situated in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. At the 2020 census, Novato had a population of 53,225.