hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brossasco
Brossasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Cuneo.

Brossasco borders the following municipalities: Frassino, Gambasca, Isasca, Martiniana Po, Melle, Sampeyre, Sanfront, Busca and Venasca.

Melle, Piedmont
Melle (Lo Mèl in Occitan) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 340 and an area of 28.0 square kilometres (10.8 sq mi).

Melle borders the following municipalities: Brossasco, Cartignano, Frassino, Roccabruna, San Damiano Macra, and Busca.
Nijgadh
Nijgadh (Nepali: निजगढ, officially Nijgadh Municipality), is a town and municipality in Nepal, located in Bara District of the Madhesh Province (previously Narayani Zone of Central Development Region). The total area of the municipality is 289.4 sq. km. The municipality was formed on 8 May 2014 (25 Baisakh 2071 BS) by merging Nijgadh VDC with Ratnapuri VDC and Bharatganj Singaul VDC.

According to the preliminary report of 2021 Nepalese census, the population of the municipality is 36,591, the fifth highest in the district. It is located 135 kilometres (84 mi) south of the capital, Kathmandu, and 31 kilometres (19 mi) north of the district headquarter, Kalaiya. The Mahendra highway passes through the municipality. The nearest domestic airport, Simara Airport, is 24 kilometres (15 mi) away from the town.

Ratnapuri, Nepal
Ratnapuri is a town under Nijgadh Municipality  in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6,463 persons living in 1167 individual households.
Social-desirability bias
In social science research social-desirability bias is a type of response bias that is the tendency of survey respondents to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others. It can take the form of over-reporting "good behavior" or under-reporting "bad" or undesirable behavior. The tendency poses a serious problem with conducting research with self-reports. This bias interferes with the interpretation of average tendencies as well as individual differences.

Self-report study
A self-report study is a type of survey, questionnaire, or poll in which respondents read the question and select a response by themselves without any outside interference. A self-report is any method which involves asking a participant about their feelings, attitudes, beliefs and so on. Examples of self-reports are questionnaires and interviews; self-reports are often used as a way of gaining participants' responses in observational studies and experiments.

Self-report studies have validity problems. Patients may exaggerate symptoms in order to make their situation seem worse, or they may under-report the severity or frequency of symptoms in order to minimize their problems.  Patients might also simply be mistaken or misremember the material covered by the survey.
Lake Winnipesaukee Sailing Association
Lake Winnipesaukee Sailing Association (LWSA) is a non-profit educational institution focused on sailing education that was founded in 1988 in Gilford, New Hampshire on Lake Winnipesaukee in the Lakes Region. Since 1988, LWSA has educated over 2,500 young sailors.

Gilford, New Hampshire
Gilford is a town in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 7,699 at the 2020 census, up from 7,126 at the 2010 census. Situated on Lake Winnipesaukee, Gilford is home to Governors Island, Ellacoya State Beach, Belknap Mountain State Forest, Gunstock Mountain Resort, and the Bank of New Hampshire Pavilion, a seasonal outdoor concert venue. The lakeside village of Glendale lies within Gilford's borders.
Mitchell Prehistoric Indian Village
The Mitchell Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 39DV2, is an important archaeological site in Mitchell, Davison County, South Dakota.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.  At that time it was the only reliably dated site of the Lower James River Phase (Initial Variant).  The site, sheltered under a dome, is managed by a nonprofit organization and is open to the public as Mitchell Prehistoric Indian Village.  Visitors can watch archaeologists uncover artifacts in the Thomsen Center Archeodome.  The Boehnen Memorial Museum features a reconstructed lodge and many of the artifacts found at the site.

Mitchell, South Dakota
Mitchell (Lakota: Čhaŋkȟá-Ok'é) is a city in and the county seat of Davison County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 15,660 at the 2020 census making it the seventh most populous city in South Dakota.

Mitchell is the principal city of the Mitchell Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Davison and Hanson counties.
English auxiliary verbs
English auxiliary verbs are a small set of English verbs, which include the English modal auxiliary verbs and a few others.: 19 : 11–12  Although the auxiliary verbs of English are widely believed to lack inherent semantic meaning and instead to modify the meaning of the verbs they accompany, they are nowadays classed by linguists as auxiliary on the basis not of semantic but of grammatical properties: among these, that they invert with their subjects in interrogative main clauses (Has John arrived?) and are negated either by the simple addition of not (He has not arrived) or (with a very few exceptions) by negative inflection (He hasn't arrived).

English clause syntax
This article describes the syntax of clauses in the English language, chiefly in Modern English. A clause is often said to be the smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete proposition. But this semantic idea of a clause leaves out much of English clause syntax. For example, clauses can be questions,: 161  but questions are not propositions. A syntactic description of an English clause is that it is a subject and a verb. But this too fails, as a clause need not have a subject, as with the imperative,: 170  and, in many theories, an English clause may be verbless.: 222  The idea of what qualifies varies between theories and has changed over time.
Kino-Fot
Kino-Fot (Russian: Кино-фот) was a Russian magazine dedicated to cinema produced from 1922 to 1923 under the editorship of Aleksei Gan. A total of six issues of the magazine were produced, five in 1922 with a sixth in 1923. The contributors included Vladimir Mayakovsky, Dziga Vertov and Lev Kuleshov. It was, for a while, the principal journal of the emerging cinematic industry in the Soviet Union.

The magazine is credited for being an avant-garde influence for the creative flow  the 1920s, bringing new abstract photomontage and typographic designs.

Aleksei Gan
Aleksei Mikhailovich Gan (Russian: Алексей Михайлович Ган; born Imberkh; 1887 or 1893 – 8 September, 1942) was a Russian anarchist and later Marxist avant-garde artist, art theorist and graphic designer. Gan was a key figure in the development of Constructivism after the Russian Revolution.
Robbins' theorem
In graph theory, Robbins' theorem, named after Herbert Robbins (1939), states that the graphs that have strong orientations are exactly the 2-edge-connected graphs. That is, it is possible to choose a direction for each edge of an undirected graph G, turning it into a directed graph that has a path from every vertex to every other vertex, if and only if G is connected and has no bridge.

Edge connectivity
In graph theory, a connected graph is k-edge-connected if it remains connected whenever fewer than k edges are removed.

The edge-connectivity of a graph is the largest k for which the graph is k-edge-connected.

Edge connectivity and the enumeration of k-edge-connected graphs was studied by Camille Jordan in 1869.
Formigal Ski Resort
Formigal (Spanish: [foɾmiˈɣal] ⓘ), officially Aramón Formigal-Panticosa, is a ski resort in the Aragon Pyrenees of northeastern Spain, near the town of Sallent de Gallego in the upper Tena Valley in the province of Huesca.  The nearest international airports are in Zaragoza, Spain and Lourdes, France.

Tena Valley
The Tena Valley is a valley located at the southern side of the Pyrenees, in the Alto Gállego comarca, province of Huesca, and is crossed by the Gállego river from north to south. Its main town is Sallent de Gállego.

The valley is surrounded by 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) high mountains, like Balaitus, La Gran Facha or Los Infiernos.

The towns that form part of the valley are: Sallent de Gállego including the ski resort of Formigal, Lanuza, Escarrilla, Sandiniés, Tramacastilla de Tena, Piedrafita, El Pueyo de Jaca, Panticosa, Hoz de Jaca, Búbal y Polituara (not inhabited).
Weathervane Seafood Restaurants
Weathervane Seafood Restaurants is a seafood chain in New England. It was founded in Kittery, Maine, in 1969 by Raymond and Bea Gagner. It is based in Kittery, Maine. The chain has five locations, with one in Kittery, Maine and four in New Hampshire; Dover, Chichester, West Lebanon, and a seasonal location on Weirs Beach in Laconia.

Kittery, Maine
Kittery is a town in York County, Maine, United States, and the oldest incorporated town in Maine. Home to the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard on Seavey's Island, Kittery includes Badger's Island, the seaside district of Kittery Point, the village of Kittery, and part of the Isles of Shoals. The southernmost town in the state, it is a tourist destination known for its many outlet stores.

Kittery is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area. The town's population was 10,070 at the 2020 census.
Jennifer Kale
Jennifer Kale is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Steve Gerber and artist Rich Buckler, the character first appeared in Adventure into Fear #11 (December 1972). Jennifer Kale is Johnny Blaze's cousin and a sorceress who is part of the Cult of Zhered-Na. She has also been a member of the Legion of Night and the Midnight Sons at various points in her history.

The character made her live-action debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe miniseries Agatha All Along, portrayed by Sasheer Zamata.

The Legion of Night
The Legion of Night is a fictional organization appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They were dedicated to opposing occult threats. The group was composed of Ariann Wight, Dr. Chan Liuchow, Dr. Katherine Reynolds, Martin Gold, Jennifer Kale, and Omen/Charles Blackwater. Later, Omen brought private investigator Leena Wolfe onto the team, but she has not been shown in action with them.

The group was created by Steve Gerber and Whilce Portacio.
Wheaton Aston
Wheaton Aston is a small village in Staffordshire, England about 9 miles (14 km) south west of Stafford and 7 miles (11 km) west of Cannock. It is located beside Bridge 19 of the Shropshire Union Canal. The civil parish is called Lapley, Stretton and Wheaton Aston.

It has a population of several thousand, according to the latest British Survey. It has good transport links making it an ideal commuter village to the large cities of the Midlands. Junction 12 of the M6 motorway is only 5 miles (8.0 km) away, providing quick access to Birmingham, Walsall and Wolverhampton, while close proximity to the M54, A449 and A5 provides easy access to Stafford, Cannock, Telford and Shrewsbury.

Select Bus service 877/878 provide regular connections to Stafford and Wolverhampton Mon-Fri but on Saturdays the service only provides a few journeys to and from Stafford.

Lapley, Stretton and Wheaton Aston
Lapley, Stretton and Wheaton Aston is a civil parish in the South Staffordshire district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 2,548.

It contains, and is named for, the three villages of Lapley, Stretton and Wheaton Aston (which is by far the largest settlement). The area is rural, with the Shropshire Union Canal passing through, and the A5 road ("Watling Street") forms the parish's southern border.
G-5-class motor torpedo boat
The G-5 was a Soviet motor torpedo boat design built before and during World War II. Approximately 300 were built, of which 73 were lost during the war. Four were exported to the Spanish Republican Navy during the Spanish Civil War and others were transferred to North Korea after the war. Three were captured by the Finns, but only two were used before all three had to be returned to the Soviets after the Moscow Armistice in 1944.

DShK
The DShK M1938 (Cyrillic: ДШК, for Russian: Дегтярёва-Шпагина крупнокалиберный, romanized: Degtyaryova-Shpagina krupnokaliberny, lit. 'Degtyaryov–Shpagin large-calibre') is a Soviet heavy machine gun. The weapon may be vehicle mounted or used on a tripod or wheeled carriage as a heavy infantry machine gun. The DShK's name is derived from its original designer, Vasily Degtyaryov, and Georgi Shpagin, who later improved the cartridge feed mechanism. It is sometimes nicknamed Dushka (Душка: darling, a dear or beloved person) or Dochka (Дочка: daughter) in Slavic-speaking regions and in the DShK using countries, from the abbreviation.
Rémy Belvaux
Rémy Nicolas Lucien Belvaux (10 November 1966 – 4 September 2006) was a Belgian actor, director, producer and screenwriter. He was the brother of Lucas Belvaux, also an actor and film director, and of Bruno Belvaux, a theater director.

In 1992, he was with André Bonzel and Benoît Poelvoorde, director, producer and actor of the feature film Man Bites Dog. This film, which was his most famous movie, and originally titled "C'est arrivé près de chez vous" (translated as: "It happened near your home") (1992), is about a camera crew filming a documentary about the life of a serial killer. Belvaux plays one of the journalists. The film won the Special Jury Prize for Belvaux and Bonzel at the 5th Yubari International Fantastic Film Festival in February 1994 and the André Cavens Award for Best Film.

He died by suicide on 4 September 2006.

André Bonzel
André Bonzel (born 31 May 1961) is a French film director, screenwriter and producer. He directed alongside Rémy Belvaux and Benoît Poelvoorde the 1992 black comedy film Man Bites Dog, which was met with high praise from film critics and has soon become a cult film. It received the André Cavens Award for Best Film given by the Belgian Film Critics Association (UCC).
Trenchard Museum
51°46′38″N 0°43′15″W﻿ / ﻿51.7772°N 0.7207°W﻿ / 51.7772; -0.7207

The Trenchard Museum is based at RAF Halton, Halton, Buckinghamshire, England. The overall aim of the museum is to preserve and display items that relate to the early history of the Royal Air Force, particularly the training of apprentices that took place at RAF Halton. It is named after Lord Trenchard, who is known as the father of the Royal Air Force, founded the aircraft apprentice scheme, and had a strong association with RAF Halton. The museum was opened in 1999.

RAF Halton
Royal Air Force Halton, or more simply RAF Halton, is a Royal Air Force station in the United Kingdom. It is located near the village of Halton near Wendover, Buckinghamshire. The site has been in use since the First World War but is due to close by 2030 at the earliest.
No. 8 Squadron PAF
No. 8 Squadron, nicknamed the Haiders, is a tactical attack squadron from the No. 32 TA Wing of the Pakistan Air Force's Southern Air Command. It is currently deployed at Masroor Airbase and operates the JF-17 Block 3 Multi-role fighter.

Dassault Mirage 5
The Dassault Mirage 5 is a French supersonic attack aircraft/fighter-bomber designed by Dassault Aviation during the 1960s and manufactured in France and other countries. It was derived from Dassault's popular Mirage III fighter and spawned several variants of its own, including the IAI Kfir. In Pakistan's service, the Mirage 5s are modified and are capable of nuclear weapons delivery.
Muhaqqaq
Muhaqqaq is one of the main six types of calligraphic script in Arabic. The Arabic word muḥaqqaq (محقَّق) means "consummate" or "clear", and originally was used to denote any accomplished piece of calligraphy.

Often used to copy maṣāḥif (singular muṣḥaf, i.e. loose sheets of Quran texts), this intricate type of script was considered one of the most beautiful, as well as one of the most difficult to execute well. The script saw its greatest use in the Mamluk Sultanate era (1250–1516/1517).

In the Ottoman Empire, it was gradually displaced by Thuluth and Naskh; from the 18th century onward, its use was largely restricted to the Basmala in Hilyas.

Thuluth
Thuluth (Arabic: ثُلُث, Thuluth or Arabic: خَطُّ الثُّلُثِ, Khaṭṭ-uth-Thuluth; Persian: ثلث, Sols; Turkish: Sülüs, from thuluth "one-third") is an Arabic script variety of Islamic calligraphy. The straight angular forms of Kufic were replaced in the new script by curved and oblique lines. In Thuluth, one-third of each letter slopes, from which the name (meaning "a third" in Arabic) comes. An alternative theory to the meaning is that the smallest width of the letter is one third of its widest part. It is an elegant, cursive script, used in medieval times on mosque decorations. Various calligraphic styles evolved from Thuluth through slight changes of form.
Samuel Lancaster Gerry
Samuel Lancaster Gerry (1813–1891) was an artist in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts. He painted portraits and also landscapes of the White Mountains and other locales in New England. He was affiliated with the New England Art Union, and the Boston Artists' Association. In 1857 he co-founded the Boston Art Club.

Born in Boston, Gerry was self-taught as an artist. He showed works in many public settings, such as the 1841 exhibit of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association; and an 1879 exhibit of contemporary art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. He attended the 1860 convention of the National Art Association in Washington, DC. Students of Gerry included H. Frances Osborne, Samuel Green Wheeler Benjamin, Fannie Elliot Gifford, Charles Wesley Sanderson, and J. Frank Currier. With the exception of three years abroad, his professional life was passed chiefly in Boston.

Boston Artists' Association
The Boston Artists' Association (1841–1851) was established in Boston, Massachusetts by Washington Allston, Henry Sargent, and other painters, sculptors, and architects, in order to organize exhibitions, a school, a workspace for members, and to promote art "for the art's sake."
Recherchebreen
Recherchebreen is a glacier in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The glacier has a length of about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi). It is located in a valley between Martinfjella and Observatoriefjellet, and debouches into Recherche Fjord. Among its tributary glaciers are Foldnutfonna, Varderyggfonna, Dollfusbreen, Ramondbreen and Bjørnbreen.

Dollfusbreen
Dollfusbreen is a glacier in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The glacier has a length of about 1.5 kilometers, is part of the Recherchebreen glacier complex, and is located between Steinegga and Gaimardtoppen. It is named after Arctic explorer Gustav F. Dollfus.
Norton St Philip
Norton St Philip is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England. The village lies about 5+1⁄2 miles (9 km) south of the city of Bath and 5 miles (8 km) north of the town of Frome on the eastern slopes of the Mendip Hills. It is situated on the A366 between Trowbridge and Radstock, and on the B3110 between Bath and Frome.

The village has experienced a significant reduction in local services, with the police station, post office and shops closing throughout the early 2000s. This was partly reversed by the opening of a new supermarket, incorporating a post office, in 2016.

The village is built around a village common, known as Churchmead or The Mead, which is held in trust and is home to the village cricket team.

The George Inn, Norton St Philip
The George Inn is a historic establishment in Norton St Philip in Somerset, England. Built in the 14th or 15th century, the inn has been designated as a Grade I listed building, and is one of a number of establishments that claims to be Britain's oldest tavern.
Eat the Phikis
Eat the Phikis is the 1996 album by Italian rock band Elio e le Storie Tese, published after their second-place finish at the Sanremo Music Festival 1996 with the song La terra dei cachi, a humorous take on Italian lifestyle.

Eat the Phikis had a good commercial success in Italy, by keeping the first place in the best-selling album chart (FIMI) for four consecutive weeks.

Aldo Baglio
Cataldo "Aldo" Baglio (Italian: [(kat)ˈaldo ˈbaʎʎo]; born 28 September 1958) is an Italian actor, comedian, film director, and screenwriter, best known as a member of the comedy trio Aldo, Giovanni e Giacomo.
Cerritos High School
Cerritos High School, also called CHS, is a comprehensive, four-year public high school located in Cerritos, California, serving grades 9–12. It is part of the ABC Unified School District.

As of the 2014–15 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,176 students and 86.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 25.2:1. There were 354 students (16.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 209 (9.6% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Cerritos, California
Cerritos (/səˈriːtoʊz/; Spanish for "Little hills") is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, and is one of several cities that constitute the Gateway Cities of southeast Los Angeles County. It was incorporated on April 24, 1956. As of 2020, the population was 49,578. It is part of the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, California Metropolitan Statistical Area designated by the Office of Management and Budget.
Piateda
Piateda is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,291 and an area of 70.9 square kilometres (27.4 sq mi).

Piateda borders the following municipalities: Albosaggia, Caiolo, Carona, Faedo Valtellino, Montagna in Valtellina, Poggiridenti, Ponte in Valtellina, Tresivio, Valbondione.

It is located alongside the Adda river.

Montagna in Valtellina
Montagna in Valtellina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 3 kilometres (2 mi) northeast of Sondrio.

Montagna in Valtellina borders the following municipalities: Caspoggio, Chiuro, Faedo Valtellino, Lanzada, Piateda, Poggiridenti, Ponte in Valtellina, Sondrio, Spriana, Torre di Santa Maria, Tresivio.
NGC 2626
NGC 2626 is a reflection nebula, emission nebula, and absorption nebula in the constellation Vela. It is mostly illuminated by B1 star CD-40 4432 and ionized by the O8 quadruple star system HD 73882, together with other stars.

HD 73882
HD 73882 is a visual binary system with the components separated by 0.6″ and a combined spectral class of O8. One of stars is an eclipsing binary system.  The period of variability is listed as both 2.9199 days and 20.6 days, possibly due to the secondary being a spectroscopic binary star.

The system lies in the constellation of Vela about 2,400 light years away from the Sun and is a member of the open cluster Ruprecht 64.
Mikatakaminaka District, Fukui
Mikatakaminaka (三方上中郡, Mikatakaminaka-gun) is a district located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. The district was formed on March 31, 2005 at the same time as the merger of the towns of Mikata (from Mikata District) and Kaminaka (from Onyū District) forming the town of Wakasa.

As of October 1, 2020, the district has an estimated population of 14,003 and a density of 78.45 persons per km2. The total area is 178.5 km2.

Mikata District, Fukui
Mikata (三方郡, Mikata-gun) is a district located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 1, 2005, the district has an estimated population of 11,023 with a density of 72.37 persons per km2. The total area is 152.32 km2.