hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Creek
Operation Creek, also known as Operation Longshanks, was a covert military operation undertaken by Britain's Special Operations Executive in World War II on 9 March 1943. It involved a nighttime attack by members of the Calcutta Light Horse and the Calcutta Scottish against a German cargo ship, Ehrenfels, which had been transmitting information to U-boats from Mormugão Harbour in neutral Portugal's territory of Goa. The attack was successful, and Ehrenfels and three other Axis cargo ships were sunk, stopping the transmissions to the U-boats.

Mormugao Port
Mormugao Port is a port on the western coast of India, in the coastal state of Goa. Commissioned in 1885 on the site of a natural harbour, it is one of India's oldest ports. The port employs around 2,600 employees and has about 4,000 pensioners.

The Mormugao Port Authority (MPA), which operates the port, is the largest employer in the Vasco region and has a complete mini-township in Headland Sada which includes schools, residential complexes and amenities (like a hospital) for employees of the Port. It was renamed from 'Mormugao Port Trust' to 'Mormugao Port Authority' in 2022.
Sphingosine kinase
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a conserved lipid kinase that catalyzes formation sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) from the precursor sphingolipid sphingosine. Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, are lipid second messengers involved in diverse cellular processes.  There are two forms of SphK, SphK1 and SphK2.  SphK1 is found in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, and migrates to the plasma membrane upon activation.  SphK2 is localized to the nucleus.

SPHK2
Sphingosine kinase 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPHK2 gene.

This gene encodes one of two sphingosine kinase isozymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine into sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingosine 1-phosphate mediates many cellular processes including migration, proliferation and apoptosis, and also plays a role in several types of cancer by promoting angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The encoded protein may play a role in breast cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene.

The researchers also found that the expression of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) and the secretion of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) were significantly upregulated in the lungs of CS-exposed mice with COPD-like symptoms.
Andreas Choi Chang-mou
Andreas Choi Chang-mou is the fourth Archbishop of Gwangju.  Born in Paju, Keiki Province, Korea, Empire of Japan in 1936, he was ordained a priest of the Archdiocese of Seoul on June 9, 1963.

On February 3, 1994, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Seoul and Titular Bishop of Flumenpiscense.  On February 9, 1999, he was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Gwangju and succeeded Archbishop Victorinus Youn Kong-hi upon the latter's retirement on November 11, 2000.

Archdiocese of Gwangju
The Catholic Archdiocese of Gwangju (Latin: Archidioecesis Kvangiuensis, Hangul: 천주교 광주대교구) is a particular church of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, one of the three Metropolitan sees of the Catholic Church in Korea.  The Archdiocese covers the city of Gwangju and entire South Jeolla Province.
South Okanagan
South Okanagan was a provincial electoral district of British Columbia, Canada, beginning with the election of 1916. Following the 1975 election boundary revisions accompanied the riding's renaming to Okanagan South. The riding was originally part of the Yale riding until 1890, and when first that riding was broken up the Okanagan was in Yale-East (1894–1900), and then in Okanagan (1903–1912). Both South Okanagan and North Okanagan were created in advance of the 1916 election.

North Okanagan
North Okanagan was the name of a provincial electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, beginning with the election of 1916. Following the 1975 election boundary revisions accompanied the riding's renaming to Okanagan North.  The riding was originally part of the Yale riding until 1890, and when first that riding was broken up the Okanagan was in Yale-East (1894–1900), and then in Okanagan (1903–1912). Both North Okanagan and South Okanagan were created in advance of the 1916 election.
David Rickels
David Rickels (born January 5, 1989) is an American professional mixed martial artist and bare-knuckle fighter who is currently competing in the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship. A professional since 2010, he is a 23-fight veteran of the Bellator MMA, and won the Season Eight Lightweight Tournament.

Jason Fischer (fighter)
Jason Fischer (born March 3, 1985) is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Lightweight division. A professional competitor since 2011, he has formerly fought in Bellator, Absolute Championship Berkut and King of the Cage.
Ouham-Pendé
Ouham-Pendé is one of the 20 prefectures of the Central African Republic. Its capital is Bozoum.

The prefecture covers an area of 18,520 km² and, according to official estimates, its population was 254,649 inhabitants in 2024. At the time of the country's last official census, in 2003, the population was 430,506 inhabitants in an area of 32,100 km². These are data from before December 2020, when part of the territory was dismembered to create the Lim-Pendé prefecture.

In the north it has a border with Cameroon and Chad. In the south is the prefecture Ombella-Mpoko, in the south-west the prefecture Nana-Mambéré and in the east the prefecture Ouham.

The region has contained several ghost towns such as Goroumo due to government forces ransacking them and armed bandits killing all the male inhabitants over the years from 2005 to 2008.

Lim-Pendé
Lim-Pendé is a prefecture in Central African Republic. In 2024, the prefecture had a population of around 469,545 inhabitants. The size of Lim-Pendé is 13,210 km2. Paoua is the capital of the prefecture.
Al Overton
Al Overton (May 20, 1912 – August 1, 1985) was an American sound engineer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film Diamonds Are Forever. He worked on more than 90 films between 1954 and 1975. His son, Al Overton Jr., was later nominated for four Academy Awards for Best Sound.

Al Overton Jr.
Al Overton Jr. is an American sound engineer. He has been nominated for four Academy Awards in the category Best Sound. He has worked on more than 40 films between 1969 and 1991. His father, Al Overton, was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound.
Qatar International Friendship Tournament
The International Friendship Tournament is a football tournament held annually in Doha, Qatar since 2002. It is now a tournament for youth teams, having been previously contested mainly by countries' Olympic teams.

The first and only edition featuring senior teams was the 2010 edition, which was won by Korea DPR after Qatar was held to a goalless draw with Mali in the final match.

9th International Friendship Tournament
The 9th Qatar International Friendship Tournament was held in Doha, Qatar from 27 December 2009 to 2 January 2010. This edition featured senior national teams for the first time and also reverted to four teams from eight in previous editions.

The total prize money for the tournament was $600,000, of which $250,000 was allocated for the winner. Korea DPR won the tournament after Qatar was held to a goalless draw with Mali in the final match.
Golemani Peak
Golemani Peak (Bulgarian: връх Големани, romanized: vrah Golemani, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ ɡolɛˈmani]) is the peak rising to 2976 m in the Bangey Heights of north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It surmounts Patleyna Glacier to the southwest, Marsa Glacier to the north and Padala Glacier to the east.

The peak is named after the settlements of Golemani and Golemanite in Northern Bulgaria.

Padala Glacier
Padala Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Падала, romanized: lednik Padala, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik pɐˈdaɫɐ]) is the 5.6 nautical miles (10.4 km; 6.4 mi) long and 2.4 nautical miles (4.4 km; 2.8 mi) wide glacier in Bangey Heights on the east side of the main ridge of north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is situated northwest of Kopsis Glacier and east-southeast of Marsa Glacier.  The glacier drains the northeast slopes of Bezden Peak and the southeast slopes of Golemani Peak, flows northeastwards and joins Embree Glacier northwest of Mount Hleven.

The glacier is named after the settlement of Padala in Western Bulgaria.
Novo Airão
Novo Airão (or New Airão) is a municipality located in the state of Amazonas in northern Brazil on the Rio Negro River about 180 km upstream of Manaus. Its population was 19,928 (2020) and its area is 37,771 km2. The town is accessible by both river and road.

Anavilhanas National Park
Anavilhanas National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas) is a national park that encompasses a huge river archipelago in the Rio Negro in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It is part of a World Heritage Site.
Cittaducale
Cittaducale (locally Cieta) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region Lazio, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Rome and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southeast of Rieti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,799 and an area of 71.0 square kilometres (27.4 sq mi). It was once part of the Abruzzi Region.

The municipality of Cittaducale contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Santa Rufina, Grotti, Calcariola, Pendenza, Cesoni, and Micciani.

Cittaducale borders the following municipalities: Borgo Velino, Castel Sant'Angelo, Longone Sabino, Micigliano, Petrella Salto, Rieti.

Longone Sabino
Longone Sabino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Rome and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Rieti.
Wenquan Subdistrict, Anning, Yunnan
Wenquan Subdistrict (Chinese: 温泉街道; pinyin: Wēnquán Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated in northern Anning City, Yunnan province, southwestern China. It lies about 8 km north of Anning City, situated on the bank of the Tanglang River. Formerly a town, its status changed to a subdistrict of Anning in 2011. The town is named for its hot spring.

Anning, Yunnan
Anning (simplified Chinese: 安宁市; traditional Chinese: 安寧市; pinyin: Ānníng) is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province, China. It is located approximately 28 kilometers southwest of Kunming city proper. In 1995, Anning was upgraded to a county-level city from a county.

Anning borders Xishan District to the east and northeast, Lufeng, Yunnan to the west and northwest, Jinning District to the south and southeast, and Yimen County to the southwest. It is located in western Kunming.
Selborne College
Selborne College is a private English medium male-only school situated in the suburb of Selborne and Belgravia (the suburb was named after the school) of East London in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa; it is one of the few colleges in the Eastern Cape province. It is one of the oldest schools in South Africa. The sister school is Clarendon High School for Girls.

East London, South Africa
East London (Xhosa: eMonti; Afrikaans: Oos-Londen), officially KuGompo City since February 2026, is a city on the southeastern coast of South Africa, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The city lies on the Indian Ocean coast, largely between the Buffalo River and the Nahoon River, and hosts the country's only river port. As of 2011, East London had a population of over 267,000 with over 755,000 in the surrounding metropolitan area.
Nottingham Street
Nottingham Street is a street in the City of Westminster, London, that runs from Marylebone High Street in the east to Luxborough Street in the west. It is crossed by Nottingham Place. Bingham Place and Oldbury Place join it on the north side.

Nottingham Place
Nottingham Place is a street in the City of Westminster that runs from Marylebone Road in the north to Paddington Street in the south. The street was named after the Harley family estates in Nottinghamshire. Former residents include the social reformer Octavia Hill, who also had a school there, stained glass artist Charles Eamer Kempe, the London Bible College, and The Kashmir Klub. Current residents include the High Commission of the Maldives and the Latvian embassy.
Simurrum
Simurrum (Akkadian: 𒋛𒈬𒌨𒊑𒅎: Si-mu-ur-ri-im) was an important city state of the Mesopotamian area from around 2000 BCE to 1500 BCE, during the period of the Akkadian Empire down to Ur III. The Simurrum Kingdom disappears from records after the Old Babylonian period. It has been
proposed that in Old Babylonian times its name was Zabban, a notable cult center of Adad. It was neighbor and sometimes ally with the Lullubi kingdom. Zabban is noted as a
cult center of Adad into the Neo-Babylonian period.

Anubanini rock relief
The Anubanini petroglyph (Persian: سنگ‌نگاره آنوبانی‌نی), also called Sar-e Pol-e Zohab II or Sarpol-i Zohab relief, is a rock relief from the Akkad period (circa 2300 BC) or the Isin-Larsa period (early second millennium BC) located in Kermanshah province, Iran. The rock relief is believed to belong to the Lullubi culture and is located 120 kilometers away from the north of Kermanshah, close to Sarpol-e Zahab. Lullubi reliefs are the earliest rock reliefs of Iran, later ones being the Elamite reliefs of Eshkaft-e Salman and Kul-e Farah.
Kamisese Mara
Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, CF, GCMG, KBE (6 May 1920 – 18 April 2004) was a Fijian politician who served as Chief Minister from 1967 to 1970, when Fiji gained its independence from the United Kingdom, and, apart from one brief interruption in 1987, as the first Prime Minister from 1970 to 1992. He subsequently served as president from 1993 to 2000.

Epeli Ganilau
Brigadier-General Ratu Epeli Ganilau, MC, MSD, (10 October 1951 – 23 March 2023) was a Fijian military officer and politician. His career previously encompassed such roles as Commander of the Fiji Military Forces and Chairman of the Bose Levu Vakaturaga (Great Council of Chiefs).  On 15 January 2007 he was sworn in as Minister for Fijian Affairs in the interim Cabinet formed in the wake of the 2006 Fijian coup d'état which deposed the Qarase government on 5 December 2006.
St Monica's Church, Palmers Green
St Monica's Catholic Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in the Palmers Green area of north London. The parish church is situated at the junction of Stonard Road and Green Lanes in the London Borough of Enfield.

It is one of only two parishes in the Diocese of Westminster to be dedicated to Saint Monica, the other being that of St Monica's Priory, Hoxton.

Originally founded as a mission church, it then became established as a parish, with a presbytery built alongside in 1931.

As of 2021, the church has two priests, a parish sister and a lay youthworker. The church activities include community programmes and social action alongside worship and pastoral care.

Francis Bourne
Francis Alphonsus Bourne (1861–1935) was an English prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as the fourth Archbishop of Westminster from 1903 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1911.
Demian Maia
Demian Augusto Maia Baptista (born 6 November 1977) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist, submission grappler and 5th degree Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) black belt.

Maia competed in both the Welterweight and Middleweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He has competed in two UFC title fights, losing against Anderson Silva for the UFC Middleweight Championship in 2010 and Tyron Woodley for the UFC Welterweight Championship in 2017. In submission grappling, Maia has won gold medals at the ADCC World Championships, the World Jiu-Jitsu Cup, and Pan-American Championships.

2012 in UFC
The year 2012 was the 20th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. 2012 started with UFC 142: Aldo vs. Mendes and ended with UFC 155: dos Santos vs. Velasquez 2. The year saw the successful UFC Featherweight title defense by José Aldo, the crowning of Carlos Condit as the Interim Welterweight Champion, a new Lightweight Champion in Benson Henderson, a tournament to crown the first UFC Flyweight Champion as well as the finales of The Ultimate Fighter 15 and The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil.
Yuge-dera
The Yuge temple ruins (由義寺跡, Yugedera ato), also known as "Yuge-ji", or under the alternative kanji "弓削寺跡", is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Nara period Buddhist temple located in the Higashiyuge neighborhood of the city of Yao, Osaka, Japan. The temple no longer exists, but the temple grounds were designated as a National Historic Site in 2018.

Yao, Osaka
Yao (八尾市, Yao-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ja(ꜜ).o, ja.oꜜ.ɕi], locally [ja.oꜜ]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 263,436 in 126,509 households and a population density of 6300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 41.72 square kilometres (16.11 sq mi). The city is the birthplace of the Kawachi ondo style of folk singing.
Lists of Indian Punjabi films
This is the list of Punjabi films released in Indian Punjab ordered by year and decade.

List of Indian Punjabi films after 2011

List of Indian Punjabi films between 2001 and 2010

List of Indian Punjabi films between 1991 and 2000

List of Indian Punjabi films between 1981 and 1990

List of Indian Punjabi films between 1971 and 1980

List of Indian Punjabi films before 1970

Punjabi cinema
Punjabi cinema, also known as Pollywood or Punjwood, is cinema dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Punjabi-language widely spoken in the Indian state of Punjab. It is based in Amritsar, Ludhiana, and Mohali.

The cinema of Punjab has its beginnings with the 1928 production of Daughters of Today, the earliest feature film produced in the region in Lahore. The first sound film, Heer Ranjha, using the sound-on-disc technology, was released in 1932. Since then, many films have been produced in Punjabi cinema, a number of which have received international recognition. Many actors and filmmakers started their careers in Punjabi films, a number of whom have acquired international reputations, and a number of whom have found greater financial benefits in careers in larger film producing industries.
Gun the Man Down
Gun the Man Down is a 1956 American Western film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen and starring James Arness and Angie Dickinson in her first leading role.  The film was produced by Robert E. Morrison for his brother John Wayne's company Batjac Productions. It was the second theatrical feature directed by McLaglen, who was a prolific director of television westerns.

Batjac Productions
Batjac Productions is an independent film production company co-founded by John Wayne as a vehicle for Wayne to both produce and star in movies. It was originally known as Wayne-Fellows Productions when it started in 1952. The company's first production was Big Jim McLain released by Warner Bros. in 1952, and its final film was McQ, in 1974, also distributed by Warner Bros. After John Wayne's death in 1979, his son Michael Wayne owned and managed the company until his own death in 2003, when his wife Gretchen assumed ownership.
California State Route 58
State Route 58 (SR 58) is a major east-west state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs across the Coast Ranges, the southern San Joaquin Valley, the Tehachapi Mountains, which border the southern Sierra Nevada, and the Mojave Desert. It runs between U.S. Route 101 near Santa Margarita and Interstate 15 in Barstow. It has junctions with Interstate 5 near Buttonwillow, State Route 99 in Bakersfield, State Route 202 in Tehachapi, State Route 14 near Mojave, and U.S. Route 395 at Kramer Junction. SR 58 also provides access to Edwards Air Force Base. At various points it is known as the Calf Canyon Highway, Carrisa Highway, Bakersfield-McKittrick Highway, Rosa Parks Highway, Westside Parkway, Barstow-Bakersfield Highway, Bakersfield Tehachapi Highway, Kern County Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway, and Mojave-Barstow Highway.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
ZIL-131
The ZIL-131 is a general purpose 3.5 tonne 6x6 army truck designed in the Soviet Union by ZIL. The basic model being a general cargo truck. Variants include a tractor-trailer truck, a dump truck, a fuel truck, and a 6x6 for towing a 4-wheeled powered trailer.

The ZIL-131 was introduced in 1966; it is a military version of the ZIL-130, and the two trucks share many components. The ZIL-131 6x6 has the same equipment as the GAZ-66 and Ural-375D.

The ZIL-130/131 was in production at the AMUR truck plant (ZIL-130 as the AMUR-531350 and ZIL-131 as the AMUR-531340), with both gasoline and diesel engines, from 1987 until 2012 when AMUR shut down and filed for bankruptcy. The production possibly continues in China.

ZIL-130
The ZIL-130 is a Soviet/Russian 5-6-ton truck produced by ZIL in Moscow, Russia. The first prototype was built in 1956. Production began in 1962, while mass production started in 1964. In total, ZIL built 3,380,000 trucks up to 1994, making it one of the most numerous cargo trucks in the USSR and Russia. In 1995, production was moved to the now-defunct Ural Motor Plant (UamZ, its trucks were known as UamZ-43140).
Oracle Team USA
Oracle Team USA is an American yacht racing syndicate initially formed to compete for the 2003 America's Cup. They competed again in the 2007 event before winning the 33rd America's Cup regatta in 2010 – representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The team also won the 34th America's Cup in 2013.

The syndicate was initially named Oracle for the 2003 campaign and backed primarily by Larry Ellison, the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation, but was renamed in August 2004 to Oracle BMW Racing to reflect the German company's role, and subsequently revised again to BMW Oracle Racing to reflect increased involvement from BMW. At the end of December 2010 it was announced that by mutual agreement of both partners, BMW was bringing to a close its longstanding partnership with Oracle Racing and thereby ending its involvement in the America's Cup. Subsequently, the syndicate was renamed to Oracle Team USA to compete for the 2013 34th America's Cup.

Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas. Co-founded in Santa Clara, California by Bob Miner, Ed Oates, and current chairman of the board and chief technology officer, Larry Ellison in 1977, Oracle is among the 20 largest companies in the world by market cap, and ranked 66th on the Forbes Global 2000 as of 2025.

The company sells database software (particularly the Oracle Database), enterprise applications, and cloud infrastructure and hardware. Oracle's core application software is a suite of enterprise software products, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), human capital management (HCM), customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise performance management (EPM), Customer Experience Commerce (CX Commerce) and supply chain management (SCM) software.