hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knox County, Illinois
Knox County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 49,967. Its county seat is Galesburg. Knox County comprises the Galesburg, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Fulton County, Illinois
Fulton County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 33,609. Its county seat is Lewistown, and the largest city is Canton. Fulton County comprises the Canton, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Peoria-Canton, IL Combined Statistical Area.
Hypertensive kidney disease
Hypertensive kidney disease is a medical condition referring to damage to the kidney due to chronic high blood pressure. It manifests as hypertensive nephrosclerosis (sclerosis referring to the stiffening of renal components). It should be distinguished from renovascular hypertension, which is a form of secondary hypertension, and thus has opposite direction of causation.

Renovascular hypertension
Renovascular hypertension is a condition in which high blood pressure is caused by the kidneys' hormonal response to narrowing of the arteries supplying the kidneys. When functioning properly this hormonal axis regulates blood pressure. Due to low local blood flow, the kidneys mistakenly increase blood pressure of the entire circulatory system. It is a form of secondary hypertension - a form of hypertension whose cause is identifiable.
Sclera
The sclera, also known as the white of the eye or, in older literature, as the tunica albuginea oculi, is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer layer of the eye containing mainly collagen and some crucial elastic fiber.

In the development of the embryo, the sclera is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. People with dark skin can have naturally darkened sclerae, the result of melanin pigmentation.

In humans, and some other vertebrates, the whole sclera is white or pale, contrasting with the coloured iris.

Cooperative eye hypothesis
The cooperative eye hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the appearance of the human eye. It suggests that the eye's distinctive visible characteristics evolved to make it easier for humans to follow another's gaze while communicating or while working together on tasks.
Equinox initiative for racial justice
Equinox is a European anti-racism organization, launched in March 2021 with the support of the European Commissioner Helena Dalli. Equinox was co-founded by Alfiaz Vaiya Claire Gilder and Sarah Chander.
The Ireland-based human rights activist Bulelani Mfaco is also a member of Equinox.

Representatives of Equinox denounced police violence in the EU towards racialised minorities. Equinox considered that the EU authorities did not sufficiently support civil society organizations combating racism.
In March 2021 Equinox put forward a blueprint for reforms recommended to fight structural racism at the EU level.

At the occasion of the 20-year anniversary of EU's Racial Equality Directive, Equinox criticized the legislation for being insufficient to address structural racism, as it is narrowly focused on individual acts of racism.

European Network Against Racism
The European Network Against Racism (ENAR) is an EU-wide network of anti-racist NGOs. ENAR aims to end structural racism and discrimination and advocates for equality and solidarity for all Europeans. It connects local and national anti-racist NGOs throughout Europe and acts as an interface between its members and European institutions. It voices the concerns of ethnic and religious minorities in both European and national policy debates.

ENAR is funded by the European Union, the Open Society Foundations, the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, and the Sigrid Rausing Trust.
Nashville warbler
The Nashville warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla) is a small songbird in the New World warbler family, found in North and Central America. It breeds in parts of the northern and western United States and southern Canada, and migrates to winter in southern California and Texas, Mexico, and the north of Central America. It has a gray head and a green back, and its underparts are yellow and white.

Lucy's warbler
Lucy's warbler (Leiothlypis luciae) is a small New World warbler found in North America. This species ranges includes southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is one of only two warblers to nest in cavities.
Leidos
Leidos Holdings, Inc. is an American defense, aviation, information technology, and biomedical research company headquartered in Reston, Virginia, that provides scientific, engineering, systems integration, and technical services. Founded as Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), Leidos merged with Lockheed Martin's IT sector, Information Systems & Global Solutions (Lockheed Martin IS&GS), in August 2016 to create the defense industry’s largest IT services provider. The Leidos-Lockheed Martin merger is one of the biggest transactions thus far in the consolidation of the defense sector. Leidos contracts extensively with the Department of Defense, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Intelligence Community, as well as other U.S. government agencies and select commercial markets.

John Robert Beyster
John Robert Beyster (July 26, 1924 – December 22, 2014), often styled J. Robert Beyster, was an American scientist and entrepreneur, and the founder of Science Applications International Corporation. He was Chairman of the Board until his retirement in July 2004, and served as chief executive officer (CEO) until November 2003. Beyster's primary areas of interest were national security and nuclear reactor physics. Beyster also founded two nonprofit organizations to assist organizations considering employee ownership: the Beyster Institute and the Foundation for Enterprise Development.
Ysgol y Berwyn
Ysgol y Berwyn was a high-school situated in the town of Bala, in Gwynedd, north Wales.

According to the 2013 Estyn report, 79% of pupils were from Welsh-speaking homes.

In 2017, 80% of pupils achieved 5 or more GCSEs at grades A*-C.

In September 2019, Ysgol y Berwyn closed and a new 3-19-year-old school opened on site under the name 'Ysgol Godre'r Berwyn' ("School of the foothills of the Berwyn").

Bala, Gwynedd
Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies in the historic county of Merionethshire, at the north end of Llyn Tegid. According to the 2021 census, Bala had a population of 1,999 and 72.5 per cent of the population could speak Welsh.
Sydney Trains
Sydney Trains is the brand name and operator of suburban and intercity train services in and around Greater Sydney in New South Wales, Australia.

The metropolitan part of the network is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system with a central underground core. It covers 369 km (229 mi) of route length over 919 km (571 mi) of track, with 169 stations on nine lines.

The network has frequencies of 5–10 minutes at peak-time at most inner-city and major stations, and 15 minutes off-peak at most minor stations. During the weekday peak, train services are more frequent. Nearly the entire fleet consists of bilevel electric multiple unit trains.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW and is part of its Opal ticketing system. In 2024–25, 270 million passenger journeys were made on the suburban network, making it the most-used rail network in Australia.

Metro North West & Bankstown Line
The M1 Metro North West & Bankstown Line is a rapid transit rail line in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The first and currently only line on the Sydney Metro network, it commenced operation on 26 May 2019, originally running between Tallawong and Chatswood, before the line was extended on 19 August 2024 to Sydenham. The line will be extended to Bankstown in September 2026.
Dangshan South railway station
Dangshan South railway station (Chinese: 砀山南站) is a railway station of Zhengzhou–Xuzhou High-Speed Railway in Dangshan County, Suzhou, Anhui, China. The station started operation on 10 September 2016, together with the Railway.

Zhengzhou–Xuzhou high-speed railway
Zhengzhou–Xuzhou high-speed railway, or Zhengxu Passenger Dedicated Line, is a high-speed rail line operated by China Railway Shanghai Group and China Railway Zhengzhou Group, connecting the cities of Zhengzhou, the provincial capital of Henan, and Xuzhou in northern Jiangsu.

The length of the railway is 362.39 kilometers and the investment is estimated to be CN¥48.62 billion. It is one of the segments of the Xuzhou-Lanzhou HSR Corridor, a high-speed railway corridor from Lanzhou to Xuzhou, paralleling the existing Longhai Railway. Presently, the existing conventional-speed Xuzhou-Zhengzhou railway is used e.g. by passenger trains traveling from Shanghai and Nanjing to Xi'an, Lanzhou, and points west.

Construction on the line began in December 2012, and running operations began on 10 September 2016.
Erskine Ferry
Erskine Ferry sailed across the River Clyde from Erskine to Old Kilpatrick. The ferry was also referred to as East Ferry of Erskine as there was another ferry to Dumbarton a few miles down river, known as West Ferry. It is reputed to be the oldest ferry crossing of the Clyde. The crossing was part of the A740 route from Paisley to Old Kilpatrick. It was established in 1777 and replaced by the Erskine Bridge in 1971.

Erskine, Renfrewshire
Erskine (/ˈɜːrskɪn/, Scots: Erskin, Scottish Gaelic: Arasgain) is a town in the council area of Renfrewshire, and historic county of the same name, situated in the West Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies on the southern bank of the River Clyde, providing the lowest crossing to the north bank of the river at the Erskine Bridge, connecting the town to Old Kilpatrick in West Dunbartonshire. Erskine is a commuter town at the western extent of the Greater Glasgow conurbation, bordering Bishopton to the west and Renfrew, Inchinnan, Paisley and Glasgow Airport to the south. Originally a small village settlement, the town has expanded since the 1960s as the site of development as an overspill town, boosting the population to over 15,000. In 2014, it was rated one of the most attractive postcode areas to live in Scotland.
Chiba 10th district
Chiba 10th district (千葉県第10区, Chiba-ken dai-jukku  or simply 千葉10区, Chiba-jukku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Chiba Prefecture.

Sōsa
Sōsa (匝瑳市, Sōsa-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2020, the city had an estimated population of  35,674 in 14,688 households and a population density of 350 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 101.78 square kilometres (39.30 sq mi).
X-ray optics
X-ray optics is the branch of optics dealing with X-rays, rather than visible light. It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy.

X-rays and visible light are both electromagnetic waves, and propagate in space in the same way, but because of the much higher frequency and photon energy of X-rays they interact with matter very differently. Visible light is easily redirected using lenses and mirrors, but because the real part of the complex refractive index of all materials is very close to 1 for X-rays, they instead tend to initially penetrate and eventually get absorbed in most materials without significant change of direction.

X-ray fluorescence
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by being bombarded with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays. When a material is illuminated with high-energy X-rays, its atoms can become excited and emit their own unique, characteristic X-rays—a process similar to how a blacklight makes certain colors fluoresce. By measuring the energy and intensity of these emitted "secondary" X-rays, scientists can identify which elements are present in the sample and in what quantities. Thus, XRF is the basis of a non-destructive analytical technique widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis, particularly in the investigation of metals, glass, ceramics and building materials, and for research in geochemistry, forensic science, archaeology and art objects such as paintings.
Carloctavismo
Carloctavismo (Spanish: [kaɾloɣtaˈβismo]; the name appears also as carlosoctavismo, carlooctavismo, carlos-octavismo, carlo-octavismo, or octavismo) is a branch of Carlism, particularly active in the 1943–1953 period. In terms of dynastical allegiances it advanced the claim to the Spanish throne of Carlos Pio de Habsburgo-Lorena y de Borbón, styled as Carlos VIII, and his relatives. In terms of political line it collaborated very closely with Francoism.

Archduke Franz Josef of Austria, Prince of Tuscany
Archduke Franz Josef of Austria–Tuscany (German: Franz Josef Karl Leopold Blanka Adelgunde Ignatius Raphael Michael von Habsburg-Lothringen, Erzherzog von Österreich, Prinz von Toskana; 4 February 1905 – 9 May 1975) was the fourth son of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria, Prince of Tuscany and Princess Blanca of Bourbon. At the fall of Habsburg monarchy he moved to Barcelona, where he became a naturalized Spanish citizen. He married morganatically twice and had a daughter from his second marriage. During World War II he lived in the United States, working in the forestry industry. In 1955 he returned to Austria. He inherited the Carlist pretensions to the Spanish throne of his brother Archduke Karl Pius and called himself Duke of Madrid. He died in 1975.
Cold cathode
A cold cathode is a cathode that is not electrically heated by a filament. A cathode may be considered "cold" if it emits more electrons than can be supplied by thermionic emission alone. It is used in gas-discharge lamps, such as neon lamps, discharge tubes, and some types of vacuum tube. The other type of cathode is a hot cathode, which is heated by electric current passing through a filament. A cold cathode does not necessarily operate at a low temperature: it is often heated to its operating temperature by other methods, such as the current passing from the cathode into the gas.

Cathode
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device such as a lead–acid battery. This definition can be recalled by using the mnemonic CCD for Cathode Current Departs. Conventional current describes the direction in which positive charges move. Electrons, which are the carriers of current in most electrical systems, have a negative electrical charge, so the movement of electrons is opposite to that of the conventional current flow: this means that electrons flow into the device's cathode from the external circuit. For example, the end of a household battery marked with a + (plus) is the cathode.

The electrode through which conventional current flows the other way, into the device, is termed an anode.
Pascal Bruckner
Pascal Bruckner (French: [bʁyknɛʁ]; born 15 December 1948 in Paris) is a French writer, one of the "New Philosophers" who came to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Much of his work has been devoted to critiques of French society and culture.

They Stole Our Beauty
They Stole Our Beauty (French: Les Voleurs de beauté, lit. 'the beauty thieves') is a 1997 novel by the French writer Pascal Bruckner. The narrative is set in Paris during summer and follows several people who battle with desires and anxieties. The novel received the Prix Renaudot.

An English translation of the novel was published in 2019 under the title They Stole Our Beauty by British translator Stuart Bell.
Myra, Norway
Myra is the administrative centre of the municipality of Vegårshei in Agder, Norway. The village is located along the river Storelva, which flows out of the large Vegår lake, just to the north. The 0.92-square-kilometre (230-acre) village has a population (2017) of 781 which gives the village a population density of 849 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,200/sq mi).

Myra sits at the junction of the Norwegian County Road 414 and Norwegian County Road 416. The Sørlandsbanen railway line stops just north of Myra at Vegårshei Station. As the administrative centre of Vegårshei, the government offices are located here along with a school and Vegårshei Church.

Vegårshei Station
Vegårshei Station (Norwegian: Vegårshei stasjon) is a railway station located in the village of Myra in Vegårshei municipality in Agder county, Norway.  The station is located along the Sørlandet Line and it is served by express trains to Kristiansand and Oslo. The station is owned and operated by Bane NOR.
Ali Azaizeh
Ali Ahmad Ali Azaizeh (Arabic: علي العزايزة; born 13 April 2004) is a Jordanian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Saudi Pro League club Al-Shabab, on loan from Kuwait Premier League club Kazma. Born in Germany, he plays for the Jordan national team.

2026 AFC U-23 Asian Cup
The 2026 AFC U-23 Asian Cup was the 7th edition of the AFC U-23 Asian Cup, the biennial international youth football championship organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for the men's under-23 national teams of Asia. A total of 16 teams played in the final tournament. Players born on or after 1 January 2003 are eligible to participate.

The tournament took place from 6 to 24 January 2026 and was hosted by Saudi Arabia, who was selected for hosting the upcoming 2027 AFC Asian Cup.

16 teams competed in the tournament. Qualification took place in September 2025. Kyrgyzstan and Lebanon qualified for the first time.

This was the final non-Olympic edition of the AFC U-23 Asian Cup with the competition becoming quadrennial.

Defending champions Japan successfully retained the title after defeating the surprise of the tournament, China, in the final, and became the first team to win consecutive titles in the tournament history.
Diocese of Arlington
The Diocese of Arlington (Latin: Dioecesis Arlingtonensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Northern Virginia in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Archdiocese of Baltimore. The Cathedral of St. Thomas More is the mother church of the diocese.

Michael F. Burbidge has been serving as bishop of the Diocese of Arlington since December 2016. The patron saint of the diocese is the English statesman Thomas More.

Thomas Welsh (bishop)
Thomas Jerome Welsh (December 20, 1921 – February 19, 2009) was an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania (1970–1974), as bishop of the Diocese of Arlington in Virginia (1974–1983) and as bishop of the Diocese of Allentown in Pennsylvania (1983–1997).
The Company (miniseries)
The Company is a three-part serial about the activities of the CIA during the Cold War. It was based on the best-selling 2002 novel of the same name by Robert Littell. The teleplay adaptation was written by Ken Nolan, who received a Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Long Form – Adapted. The series aired on TNT from August 5 to August 19, 2007.

John Roselli
John "Handsome Johnny" Roselli (sometimes spelled Rosselli; born Filippo Sacco; July 4, 1905 – August 7, 1976) was an Italian-born mobster for the Chicago Outfit who helped that organization exert influence over Hollywood and the Las Vegas Strip. Roselli was recruited by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in a plot to assassinate Cuban leader Fidel Castro.
Italian governorate of Montenegro
The Italian governorate of Montenegro (Italian: Governatorato del Montenegro) existed from October 1941 to September 1943 as an occupied territory under military government of the Kingdom of Italy during World War II. Although the Italians had intended to establish a quasi-independent Montenegrin kingdom, these plans were permanently shelved after a popular uprising in July 1941. Following the Italian surrender in September 1943, the territory of Montenegro was occupied by German forces which withdrew in December 1944.

Prijepolje
Prijepolje (Serbian Cyrillic: Пријепоље, pronounced [prijěːpoʎe]) is a town and municipality located in the Zlatibor District of southwestern Serbia. As of 2022, the town has 11,928 inhabitants, while the municipality has 32,214 inhabitants.
Afshari (Persian music)
Avaz e Afshari (Persian:آواز افشاری) is a branch of Dastgah-e Shur in Persian classical music. Historically, it has been regarded as an independent modal system within Iranian music. Afshari is known for its deep sense of melancholy, often featuring both sorrowful and plaintive melodies, as well as more serene and pleasant compositions.

Dastgāh-e Šur
Dastgāh-e Šur (Persian: دستگاه شور; Azerbaijani: Şur) is one of the seven Dastgāhs of Persian Music.

Classically, Persian Music is organized into seven Dastgāhs and five Āvāzes. However, from a merely technical point of view, one can consider them as an ensemble of 12 Dastgāhs.
Brady Township, Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Brady Township is a charter township of Kalamazoo County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 4,445. The township adopted charter status by a vote of the board of trustees on January 3, 2024.

Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Kalamazoo County (/ˌkæləməˈzuː/ KAL-ə-mə-ZOO) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the population was 261,670. The county seat is Kalamazoo. Kalamazoo County is included in the Kalamazoo–Portage, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mousam River
The Mousam River is a 29.7-mile-long (47.8 km) river in York County, Maine, United States. Its primary source is Mousam Lake, located between the towns of Shapleigh and Acton, and it flows into the Atlantic Ocean just west of Kennebunk Beach. It flows through the towns of Shapleigh, Sanford and Kennebunk.

Kennebunk, Maine
Kennebunk /ˈkɛniˌbʌŋk/ is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 11,536 at the 2020 census. Kennebunk is home to several beaches, the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge, the 1799 Kennebunk Inn, many historic shipbuilders' homes, the Brick Store Museum and the Nature Conservancy Kennebunk Plains (known locally as the Blueberry Plains), with 1,500 acres (6 km2) of nature trails and blueberry fields.

The municipality includes the constituent villages of Kennebunk Village (Town), the Lower Village (Lower Kennebunk), Kennebunk Landing (the Landing), Bartlett Mills, West Kennebunk, Kennebunk Beach, Lords Point, Coopers Corner Crossing, Sea Roads Crossing, Webahennet Grove, and Vinegarhill, Cheshire Commons, Kennebunk Meadows, and various newer neighborhoods. It does not include Kennebunkport, which is a separate town.