hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Woodbury, Orange County, New York
Woodbury is a town and village in Orange County, New York, United States. The town population was 12,197 at the 2020 census. The village was incorporated in 2006 and comprises all of the town that is not part of the village of Harriman. The region was once called Woodbury Clove. It is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area. Woodbury is in the southeastern part of Orange County. The town also has four schools, which are part of the Monroe-Woodbury Central school District.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
99th meridian east
The meridian 99° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 99th meridian east forms a great circle with the 81st meridian west.

81st meridian west
The meridian 81° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, Panama, the Pacific Ocean, South America, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 81st meridian west forms a great circle with the 99th meridian east.
Boleside
Boleside is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the B7060, south of Galashiels. It is very close to the place where the Ettrick Water joins the River Tweed.

Other places nearby include Abbotsford, Clovenfords, Lindean, Melrose, Midlem, Selkirk, Yair and Yarrowford.

Lindean
Lindean is a village north of Selkirk and the Ettrick Water, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland.

In 1590 the parishioners of Lindean had permission to rebuild their church on the north side of the Tweed, at the west end of Boleside, nearer to their houses, and a coble boat was to be provided to ferry the dead over the Tweed if required.
Norwegian County Road 416
Norwegian county road 416 (Fv416) is a Norwegian county road in Agder county, Norway.  The 29.2-kilometre (18.1 mi) road runs between the town of Risør in Risør municipality and the Norwegian County Road 414 in the village of Myra in Vegårshei municipality.

Vegårshei
Vegårshei is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative center is the village of Myra. Other villages in Vegårshei include Mo and Ubergsmoen.

The 356-square-kilometre (137 sq mi) municipality is the 249th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Vegårshei is the 272nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,143. The municipality's population density is 6.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (17/sq mi) and its population has increased by 7.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Vasily I of Moscow
Vasily I Dmitriyevich (Russian: Василий I Дмитриевич; 30 December 1371 – 27 February 1425) was Grand Prince of Vladimir and Moscow from 1389. He was the heir of Dmitry Donskoy, who reigned from 1359 to 1389.

He entered an alliance with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1392 and married Sophia, the only daughter of Vytautas, though the alliance turned out to be fragile, and they waged war against each other in 1406–1408.

The raid on the Volga region in 1395 by the Turco-Mongol emir Timur resulted in a state of anarchy for the Golden Horde and the independence of Moscow. In 1412, Vasily resumed submission to the Horde.

John VIII Palaiologos
John VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Ἰωάννης Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Iōánnēs Palaiológos; 18 December 1392 – 31 October 1448) was the penultimate Byzantine emperor. Ruling from 1425 to 1448, he attempted to bring about the reunification of the Orthodox and Catholic churches and prioritized the protection of Constantinople against the Ottoman Empire. He was succeeded by his brother, Constantine XI, who would become the final emperor.
South Wales (European Parliament constituency)
South Wales was a European Parliament constituency covering south central Wales, including the city of Cardiff.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency was replaced by most of South Wales Central and part of South Wales West in 1994.  These seats became part of the much larger Wales constituency in 1999.

South Wales West (European Parliament constituency)
South Wales West was a European Parliament constituency covering part of south Wales, including the city of Swansea.

Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Aberavon, Bridgend, Gower, Neath, Ogmore, Swansea East and Swansea West.

The constituency replaced parts of South Wales and Mid and West Wales in 1994 and became part of the much larger Wales constituency in 1999.
Listed buildings in Kirkby Lonsdale
Kirkby Lonsdale is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It contains 163 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, four are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the town of Kirkby Lonsdale and the surrounding countryside.  A high proportion of the listed buildings are near the centre of the town, and are mainly houses and associated structures, shops, business premises, public houses, and churches and associated structures.  The other listed buildings include farmhouses and farm buildings, bridges, two market crosses, and milestones.

Kirkby Lonsdale
Kirkby Lonsdale (/ˈkɜːrbi ˈlɒnzdeɪl/) is a town and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England, on the River Lune. Historically in Westmorland, it lies 13 miles (21 km) south-east of Kendal on the A65. The parish recorded a population of 1,771 in the 2001 census, increasing to 1,843 at the 2011 Census.

Notable buildings include St Mary's Church, a Norman building with fine carved columns. The view of the River Lune from the churchyard is known as Ruskin's View after John Ruskin, who called it one of the loveliest in England. It was painted by J. M. W. Turner.
Milltown, Dublin
Milltown (Irish: Baile an Mhuilinn) is a suburb and townland on the southside of Dublin, Ireland.  Milltown was the site of several working mills on the River Dodder and is also the location of the meeting of the River Slang with the Dodder. It is located adjacent to other suburban areas such as Windy Arbour, Ranelagh, Rathmines, Dartry, Clonskeagh, and Donnybrook.

River Slang
The River Slang (Irish: Abhainn na Stéille), also known as the Dundrum Slang or the Dundrum River, a tributary of the River Dodder, is a stream which rises on Three Rock Mountain, County Dublin.  It is in the local government area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown.
Stranorlar
Stranorlar (Irish: Srath an Urláir) is a town, townland and civil parish in the Finn Valley of County Donegal, in Ireland. Stranorlar and Ballybofey (located on the other side of the River Finn) form the twin towns of Ballybofey–Stranorlar.

Ballybofey and Stranorlar
Ballybofey–Stranorlar is a built up area in County Donegal, Ireland, comprising the towns of Ballybofey and Stranorlar, which face each other across the River Finn.

Ballybofey and Stranorlar can be seen from MacCumhaill Park, where Donegal plays home matches.

They are sometimes colloquially referred to as the "Twin Towns".
Korean numerals
The Korean language has two regularly used sets of numerals: a native Korean system and Sino-Korean system. The native Korean number system is used for general counting, like counting up to 99. It is also used to count people, hours, objects, ages, and more. Sino-Korean numbers on the other hand are used for purposes such as dates, money, minutes, addresses, phone numbers, and numbers above 99.

Sino-Korean vocabulary
Sino-Korean vocabulary or Hanjaeo (Korean: 한자어; Hanja: 漢字語) refers to Korean words of Chinese origin. Sino-Korean vocabulary includes words borrowed directly from Chinese, as well as new Korean words created from Chinese characters, and words borrowed from Sino-Japanese vocabulary. Many of these terms were borrowed during the height of Chinese-language literature on Korean culture. Subsequently, many of these words have also been truncated or altered for the Korean language.

Estimates of the percentage of Sino-Korean ranges from as low as 30% to as high as 70%. According to the Standard Korean Language Dictionary published by the National Institute of Korean Language (NIKL), Sino-Korean represents approximately 57% of the Korean vocabulary.
Black Veil Brides
Black Veil Brides is an American rock band based in Hollywood, California. The group formed in 2006 in Cincinnati, Ohio, and is currently composed of lead vocalist Andy Biersack, multi instrumentalist Jinxx, lead guitarist Jake Pitts, drummer Christian "CC" Coma and bassist Lonny Eagleton. Black Veil Brides are known for their use of black makeup, body paint, tight black studded clothing, and long hair, which were all inspired by the stage personas of Kiss and Mötley Crüe, as well as other 1980s glam metal acts.

Alternative Press (magazine)
Alternative Press is an American entertainment magazine primarily focused on music and culture. It generally provides readers with band interviews, photos, and relevant news. It was founded in 1985 by Mike Shea in Cleveland, Ohio. The company is now managed by MDDN, and based in Los Angeles, California. Anna Zanes is the current Editor-in-Chief and Kelsey Barnes is the current Junior Editor. As of late 2025, Alternative Press was no longer offering a printed magazine.
Caldiero
Caldiero is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Verona.

Caldiero borders the following municipalities: Belfiore, Colognola ai Colli, Lavagno, San Martino Buon Albergo, and Zevio.

Zevio
Zevio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Verona.

Zevio borders the following municipalities: Belfiore, Caldiero, Oppeano, Palù, Ronco all'Adige, San Giovanni Lupatoto, and San Martino Buon Albergo.
Alexander Arkatov
Alexander Arkadyevich Arkatov (Александр Аркадьевич Аркатов, 1890 – 1961) was a Russian Jewish film director and playwright, known for works such as "L'Chaim" (Л’Хаим, 1910, as a playwright) and "Sorrows of Sarah" (Горе Сарры, 1913, as a director), both of which deal with lives in Jewish settlements in Russia.

Sholem Aleichem
Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Russian: Соломон Наумович Рабинович; March 2 [O.S. February 18] 1859 – May 13, 1916), better known under his pen name Sholem Aleichem, was a Yiddish author and playwright who lived in the Russian Empire and in the United States. The 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof, based on Aleichem's stories about Tevye the Dairyman, was the first commercially successful English-language stage production about Jewish life in Eastern Europe.

The Hebrew phrase שלום עליכם (shalom aleichem) literally means "[May] peace [be] upon you!", and is a greeting in traditional Hebrew and Yiddish.
Adonis Stevenson
Stevenson Adonis (born 22 September 1977), best known as Adonis Stevenson, is a Haitian-Canadian former professional boxer who competed from 2006 to 2018. He won the WBC, Ring magazine and lineal light heavyweight titles in 2013 by defeating Chad Dawson by first-round knockout, which earned him awards for Fighter of the Year and Knockout of the Year by The Ring.

Known for his fast hand speed and exceptional knockout power, Stevenson was considered one of boxing's hardest punchers during his prime. For more than five years, he made ten successful defenses of the WBC and lineal titles until sustaining a life-threatening brain injury in his 2018 fight against Oleksandr Gvozdyk.

Dmitry Sukhotsky
Dmitry Vladimirovich Sukhotsky (Russian: Дмитрий Владимирович Сухотский; born 16 May 1981) is a Russian professional boxer who has challenged twice for a light-heavyweight world title, in 2009 and 2014.
Sanju Pass
The Sanju, or Sanju-la (Chinese: 桑株古道; Wade–Giles: Sang1-chu1 ku3-tao4), with an elevation of 5,364 metres (17,598 ft), is a historical mountain pass in the Kun Lun Mountains in Pishan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.  During ancient times, it was the last on a series of difficult passes on the most common summer caravan route between Ladakh and the Tarim Basin. In recent years, besides being used by the locals, it has also become a trekking route for Chinese trekkers. In early 2020s, a scenic unpaved auto tour route was opened along the trail for road trippers.

Shahidulla
Shahidulla, also spelt Xaidulla, (altitude ca. 3,646 m or 11,962 ft), was a nomad camping ground and historical caravan halting place in the Karakash River valley, close to Khotan, in the southwestern part of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China. The site contains the ruins of a historical fort which was demolished by the Chinese administration of Xinjiang between 1890 and 1892. The site lies next to the Chinese National Highway G219 between Kashgar and Tibet, 25 km east of Mazar and 115 km west of Dahongliutan.

The modern town of Saitula (Xeyidula) is located next to the old fort of Suget Karaul built by the Qing administration (of China) about 10 km (30 "Chinese miles") southeast of the original site. A modern People's Liberation Army barracks named Sanshili Yingfang or Sanshili Barracks (lit. '30 li barracks') is also located here. "Sanshili Barracks" is a more common name used by motorists along the G219 highway.
Falsters Minder
Falsters Minder (literally Falster's Memories) is the city museum of Nykøbing on the Danish island of Falster. It is housed in the 17th century half-timbered building known as Czarens Hus (the Czar's House).

Falster
Falster (Danish: [ˈfælˀstɐ]) is an island in south-eastern Denmark with an area of 486.2 km2 (187.7 sq mi) and 43,398 inhabitants as of 1 January 2010. Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sound area, it is part of Region Zealand and is administered by Guldborgsund Municipality. Falster includes Denmark's southernmost point, Gedser Odde, near Gedser.

The largest town is Nykøbing Falster with over 40% of the island's inhabitants. Other towns include Stubbekøbing, Nørre Alslev and Gedser.

Falster has motor and railway links both to the larger island of Zealand to the north and to the island of Lolland to the south-west. These links also lead to the smaller islands of Masnedø and Farø. European route E47 links Copenhagen to Hamburg (Germany) via Falster.
Anthony Jackson (musician)
Anthony Claiborne Jackson (June 23, 1952 – October 19, 2025) was an American bassist. Described as "one of the masters of the instrument", he performed as a session musician and live artist. He is also credited with the development of the modern six-string bass, which he referred to as an electric contrabass guitar.

Hiromi Uehara
Hiromi Uehara (上原 ひろみ, Uehara Hiromi) (born March 26, 1979), often known mononymously as Hiromi, is a Japanese jazz composer and pianist. She is known for her virtuosic technique, energetic live performances and blending of musical genres such as stride, post-bop, progressive rock, classical, nu jazz and fusion in her compositions. In 2021, she performed at the opening ceremony of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
San Marcellino
San Marcellino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Naples and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Caserta.

San Marcellino borders the following municipalities: Aversa, Casapesenna, Frignano, Trentola-Ducenta, Villa di Briano.

Trentola Ducenta
Trentola Ducenta is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Naples and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Caserta.

Trentola Ducenta borders the following municipalities: Aversa, Casapesenna, Giugliano in Campania, Lusciano, Parete, San Marcellino.
Francis Nyalali
Francis Lucas Nyalali  (3 February 1935 – 2 April 2003) was the Chief Justice of the Judiciary of Tanzania from 1977 to 2000.

In 1991, he chaired the Nyalali Commission, a presidential body tasked with reviewing Tanzania's political system. The commission's recommendations included multi-party politics and reassessing the union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar.

Chief Justice of the Judiciary of Tanzania
The chief justice of the Judiciary of Tanzania is the highest post in the judicial system of United Republic of Tanzania. The chief justice is appointed by the president and presides over the Court of Appeal of United Republic of Tanzania.
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux
The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux is the fine-art museum of the city of Bordeaux, France. The museum is housed in a dependency of the Palais Rohan in central Bordeaux. Its collections include paintings, sculptures and drawings from the 15th century to the 20th century. The largest collection is composed of paintings, and its strong points are works by French, Flemish painters and Dutch painters.

In front of the building, there is the Galerie des Beaux-Arts, where temporary exhibitions are housed.

Palais Rohan, Bordeaux
The Palais Rohan is the Hôtel de Ville, or City Hall, of Bordeaux, France. The building was constructed in the 18th century, originally serving as the Archbishop's Palace of Bordeaux. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1997.
Invasion literature
Invasion literature (also the invasion novel, invasion fiction or the future war genre) is a literary genre that was popular in the period between 1871 and the First World War (1914–1918). The invasion novel was first recognised as a literary genre in the UK, with the novella The Battle of Dorking: Reminiscences of a Volunteer (1871), an account of a German invasion of England, which, in the Western world, aroused the national imaginations and anxieties about hypothetical invasions by foreign powers; by 1914 the genre of invasion literature comprised over 400 novels and stories.

The genre was influential in Britain in shaping politics, national policies, and popular perceptions in the years leading up to the First World War, and remains a part of popular culture to this day. Several of the books were written by or ghostwritten for military officers and experts of the day who believed that the nation would be saved if the particular tactic that they favoured was or would be adopted.

The Swoop!
The Swoop!, or How Clarence Saved England is a short comic novel by P. G. Wodehouse, first published in the United Kingdom by Alston Rivers Ltd. in London on 16 April 1909. Its subtitle is A Tale of the Great Invasion.

An adapted and much abbreviated version, set in the United States, appeared in the July and August 1915 issues of Vanity Fair under the title The Military Invasion of America and with the subtitle A Remarkable Tale of the German-Japanese Invasion of 1916.

The original story was not published in the United States until 1979, four years after Wodehouse's death, when it was included in the collection The Swoop! and Other Stories.
Johannes Franz Hartmann
Johannes Franz Hartmann (11 January 1865 – 13 September 1936) was a German physicist and astronomer. In 1904, while studying the spectroscopy of Delta Orionis he noticed that most of the spectrum had a shift, except the calcium lines, which he interpreted as indicating the presence of interstellar medium.

He was the director of the La Plata Astronomical Observatory, Argentina, from November 1922 to May 1934, and was also known under the name Juan Hartmann. He oriented the work of the observatory towards astrophysics and discovered the three asteroids of the main-belt, 965 Angelica, 1029 La Plata and 1254 Erfordia at La Plata between 1921 and 1932.

His doctorate was from the University of Leipzig in 1891 on lunar eclipses.

The lunar crater Hartmann on the far side of the Moon was named in his honor. Note, however, that the asteroid 3341 Hartmann was named after William K. Hartmann and is unrelated to him.

1029 La Plata
1029 La Plata, provisional designation 1924 RK, is a stony Koronis asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 28 April 1924, by German astronomer Johannes Hartmann at the La Plata Astronomical Observatory in Argentina. It was named after the city of La Plata, Argentina, where the discovering observatory is located. The possibly elongated S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 15.31 hours.
KS Toruń
KS Toruń, currently competing as PRES Grupa Deweloperska Toruń, is a Polish motorcycle speedway team from Toruń. The team currently competes in the Ekstraliga (the highest division) and have won the Team Speedway Polish Championship five times (as of 2025).

MotoArena Toruń
Motoarena Toruń im. Mariana Rosego is a multi-use stadium in Toruń, Poland. It is currently used mostly for motorcycle speedway matches and it is used for car racing and concerts and it is the home stadium of KS Toruń in the Speedway Ekstraliga. The stadium has a capacity of 15,500 people  and was opened on 3 May 2009. It is named after Marian Rose, former speedway rider from Toruń.

The speedway track is 318 metres (348 yards) long. Since 2010, a round of the Speedway Grand Prix has been held at the MotoArena.
The Old Engine Shed, Portland
The Old Engine Shed is a disused 19th-century shed, once used to house locomotives serving the Admiralty Quarries. The shed overlooks East Weares and is located near The Grove village area, on the Isle of Portland, Dorset. It has been a Listed Grade II building since 2001, with English Heritage recording that it is unusual for locomotive sheds from this period to survive in so unaltered a state.

The Grove, Portland
The Grove is a small village located at Tophill on the Isle of Portland in Dorset. The village is found close to the larger village Easton, and is most notable for containing the HM Prison Portland, including its museum Grove Prison Museum. As with the rest of Portland's villages and settlements, The Grove has been designated as a conservation area, as it is a place of special architectural and historic interest. The village was designated in 1981.