hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Human rights in Turkey
Human rights in Turkey are protected by a variety of international law treaties, which take precedence over domestic legislation, according to Article 90 of the 1982 Constitution. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) was not signed by Turkey until 2000. As of today, however, Turkey is party to 16 out of 18 international human rights treaties of the United Nations.
The issue of human rights is of high importance for the negotiations with the European Union (EU).

As of 2025, the Freedom House rated Turkey's human rights at 33 out of 100 (not free).

Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
The Human Rights Foundation of Turkey (abbr. HRFT; Turkish: Türkiye İnsan Hakları Vakfı, TİHV) is headquartered in Ankara. The organization is committed to treating torture survivors and documenting human rights violations in daily bulletins, monthly and annual special reports in Turkish and English languages.
Mahmoud Darwish
Mahmoud Darwish (Arabic: مَحمُود دَرْوِيْش, romanized: Maḥmūd Darwīsh; 13 March 1941 – 9 August 2008) was a Palestinian poet and author who was regarded as Palestine's national poet.

In 1988 Darwish wrote the Palestinian Declaration of Independence, which was the formal declaration for the creation of a State of Palestine. Darwish won numerous awards for his works. In his poetic works, Darwish explored Palestine as a metaphor for the loss of Eden, birth and resurrection, and the anguish of dispossession and exile. He has been described as incarnating and reflecting "the tradition of the political poet in Islam, the man of action whose action is poetry." He also served as an editor for several literary magazines in Israel and the Palestinian territories. Darwish wrote in Arabic, and also spoke English, French, and Hebrew.

Marcel Khalife
Marcel Khalife (Arabic: مرسيل خليفة; born 10 June 1950) is a  Lebanese musical composer, singer, and oud player. Khalife is considered a folk hero in the Arab world, and he has been described as the "Bob Dylan of the Middle East."
Ziverbey Villa
The Ziverbey Villa (Turkish: Ziverbey Köşkü) is a villa in Erenköy, Istanbul which was used as an interrogation center after the 1971 coup d'état. It was used by the Special Warfare Department and others associated with the Counter-Guerrilla. Those detained were mostly associated with the left; the 12 March 1971 coup was alleged to be a counter-coup against a planned 9 March communist coup.

1971 Turkish military memorandum
The 1971 Turkish military memorandum (Turkish: 12 Mart Muhtırası), issued on 12 March that year, was the second military intervention to take place in the Republic of Turkey, coming 11 years after its 1960 predecessor. It is known as the "coup by memorandum", which the military delivered in lieu of sending out tanks, as it had done previously. The event came amid worsening domestic strife, but ultimately did little to halt this phenomenon.
Iwabitsu Castle
Iwabitsu Castle (岩櫃城, Iwabitsu-jō) is a "yamashiro"-style (castle located on Mount Iwabitsu in Higashiagatsuma, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. The ruins have been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 2019.

Higashiagatsuma, Gunma
Higashiagatsuma (東吾妻町, Higashiagatsuma-machi) is a town located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2020, the town had an estimated population of 13,349 in 2467 households, and a population density of 53 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 253.91 square kilometres (98.04 sq mi).
Hans Jørgen Holm
Hans Jørgen Holm (9 May 1835 – 22 July 1916) was a Danish architect. A pupil of Johan Daniel Herholdt, he became a professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and a leading Danish proponent of the  National Romantic style.

Vestre Cemetery (Copenhagen)
Vestre Cemetery (Danish: Vestre Kirkegård, meaning "Western Cemetery") is located in a large park setting in the Kongens Enghave district of Copenhagen, Denmark. With its 54 hectares it is the largest cemetery in Denmark.

The cemetery is landscaped and serves as an important open space, in which people take a stroll, and look at the old graves and monuments. It is located southwest of the city center, between the Carlsberg, Sydhavn, Sjælør and Valby train stations of Copenhagen's S-train network, and right next to the historic Carlsberg neighbourhood.

The cemetery is one of five run by Copenhagen municipality. The other cemeteries are Assistens Cemetery, Brønshøj Cemetery, Sundby Cemetery, and Bispebjerg Cemetery. The cemetery has a Catholic section, and next to that is a Jewish cemetery (the Jewish Western Cemetery).
Herbert Wilcox
Herbert Sydney Wilcox  CBE (19 April 1890 – 15 May 1977) was a British film producer and director.

He was one of the most successful British filmmakers from the 1920s to the 1950s. He is best known for the films he made with his third wife Anna Neagle.

Yes, Mr Brown
Yes, Mr Brown is a 1933 British musical comedy film directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Jack Buchanan, Hartley Power, Elsie Randolph and Margot Grahame. It was written by Douglas Furber based on the stage musical Geschäft mit Amerika' by Paul Franck and Ludwig Hirschfeld.

Yes, Mr. Brown is missing from the BFI National Archive, and is listed as one of the British Film Institute's "75 Most Wanted" lost films.
Pyramidenspitze
The Pyramidenspitze is a mountain, 1,998 metres high, of the Kaisergebirge in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

The Pyramidenspitze is only the second highest summit in the Zahmer Kaiser after the largely unknown, 2,002-metre-high (6,568 ft) Vordere Kesselschneid, but is the most well-known and most frequently climbed.
To the south and west of the Pyramidenspitze is a high, karstified plateau, covered with mountain pine, which falls steeply into the valley of the Kaisertal and has a long arête with several summits extending towards Kufstein. To the north it is separated by a wind gap from the Jovenspitze. To the northwest the Pyramidenspitze drops steeply over the Eggersgrinn and to the northeast it drops down rock precipices into the Winkel cirque (Winkelkar).

Kaiser Mountains
The Kaiser Mountains (German: Kaisergebirge, meaning Emperor Mountains) are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps and Eastern Alps. Its main ridges are the Zahmer Kaiser and south of it the Wilder Kaiser. The mountains are situated in the Austrian province of Tyrol between the towns of Kufstein and St. Johann in Tirol. The Kaiser Mountains offer some of the loveliest scenery in all the Northern Limestone Alps.
Tobi 19
Tobi 18 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 20

The nineteenth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 14, of the Julian calendar, and January 27, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Tobi 20
Tobi 19 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 21

The twentieth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 15, of the Julian calendar, and January 28, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.
Nyelutong
Nyelutong is a settlement in the Betong division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 137.5 kilometres (85 mi) east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Saka 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) north

Tansang 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Penurin 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) north

Remabong 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast

Maja 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast

Bukong 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast

Melaban 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) northwest

Betong 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) northwest

Remabong
Remabong is a settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 140.8 kilometres (87 mi) east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Maja 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Saka 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) west

Pematoh 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) east

Kundong 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) north

Nanga Geraji 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) north

Geraji Atas 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) north

Nyelutong 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwest

Penurin 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest

Bedanum 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest

Nanga Padeh 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest
Big Joe Duskin
Joseph L. "Big Joe" Duskin (February 10, 1921 – May 6, 2007) was an American blues and boogie-woogie pianist. He is best known for his debut album, Cincinnati Stomp (1978), and the tracks "Well, Well Baby" and "I Met a Girl Named Martha".

Arhoolie Records
Arhoolie Records is an American small independent record label that was run by Chris Strachwitz and is based in El Cerrito, California, United States. (It is actually located in Richmond Annex, but has an El Cerrito postal address.) The label was founded by Strachwitz in 1960 as a way for him to record and produce music by previously obscure "down-home blues" artists such as Lightnin' Hopkins, Snooks Eaglin, and Bill Gaither. Strachwitz despised most commercial music as "mouse music." Arhoolie still publishes blues and folk music, Tejano music including Lydia Mendoza, Los Alegres de Terán, Flaco Jiménez, regional Mexican music, cajun, zydeco, and bluegrass.
Cauldron Snout
Cauldron Snout is a cascade on the upper reaches of the River Tees in Northern England, immediately below the dam of the Cow Green Reservoir. It is well upstream of the High Force waterfall, and is on the boundary between County Durham and Cumbria (historically Westmorland), England. The waterfall lies within the North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and European Geopark.

It is more a long cataract than a waterfall, and at 200 yards (180 m) long, reckoned to be the longest waterfall in England.

It is impressive by the scale of the British landscape, and attracts a lot of visitors, despite the 3-kilometre (1.9 mi) walk from the nearest car park at Cow Green Reservoir. No fee is payable as of 2020. The Pennine Way takes in Cauldron Snout.

The falls are caused by the upper Tees passing over dolerite steps of the Whin Sill.

Pennine Way
The Pennine Way is a National Trail in England, with a small section in Scotland. The trail stretches for 268 miles (431 km) from Edale, in the northern Derbyshire Peak District, north through the Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park and ends at Kirk Yetholm, just inside the Scottish border. The path runs along the Pennine hills, sometimes described as the "backbone of England". Although not the United Kingdom's longest National Trail, it is, according to The Ramblers, "one of Britain's best known and toughest".
Merrimack High School
Merrimack High School (MHS) is the public secondary school of the town of Merrimack, New Hampshire. It is located in a central area of town on 38 McElwain Street. About 1,200 students from grades 9 through 12 are enrolled in the school. It is a part of the Merrimack School District.

The school is headed by Stephen Claire, the current principal, who has two assistant principals, Richard Zampieri and Jill Hanlon. Former principal Kenneth W. Johnson adopted the motto "Believe, go forward, and inspire" for the school.

Merrimack, New Hampshire
Merrimack is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 26,632 as of the 2020 census.

There are four villages in the town: Merrimack Village (formerly known as Souhegan Village), Thorntons Ferry, Reeds Ferry, and South Merrimack. It also contains the census-designated place of East Merrimack.
Norfolk Constabulary
Norfolk Constabulary is the territorial police force responsible for policing Norfolk in East Anglia, England. The force serves a population of 908,000 in a mostly rural area of 2,079 square miles (5,380 km2), including 90 miles (140 km) of coastline and 16 rivers, including the Broads National Park. Headquartered in Wymondham, Norfolk is responsible for the City of Norwich, along with King's Lynn, Great Yarmouth and Thetford. As of March 2023, the force has a strength of 1,897 police officers, 163 special constables, 1,318 police staff/designated officers, and 103 police support volunteers. The Chief Constable is Paul Sanford, and the Police and Crime Commissioner (PCC) is Sarah Taylor (Labour).

Wymondham
Wymondham (/ˈwɪndəm/ WIN-dəm) is a market town and civil parish in the South Norfolk district of Norfolk, England. It lies on the River Tiffey, 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Norwich and just off the A11 road to London. The parish, one of Norfolk's largest, includes rural areas to the north and south, with hamlets of Suton, Silfield, Spooner Row and Wattlefield. It had a population of 14,405 in 2011, of whom 13,587 lived in the town itself.
Eisa Majrashi
Eisa Majrashi (Arabic: عيسى مجرشي; born 19 July 1986, Jeddah) is a Saudi Arabian judoka who competes in the men's 60 kg category. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he was defeated in the third round by Felipe Kitadai. Majrashi had a bye in the first round and beat Raúl Lall in the second.

Felipe Kitadai
Felipe Kitadai (born July 28, 1989) is a judoka from Brazil. He won a bronze medal at the 2012 Olympics and a gold at the 2011 Pan American Games. He also won gold medals six consecutive times in the Pan American Games Judo Championships: at 2011 Guadalaraja, 2012 Montreal, 2013 San José, 2014 Guayaquil, 2015 Edmonton and 2016 Havana.
Kepler-1625b I
Kepler-1625b I is a possible moon of exoplanet Kepler-1625b, which may be the first exomoon ever discovered (pending confirmation), and was first indicated after preliminary observations by the Kepler Space Telescope. A more thorough observing campaign by the Hubble Space Telescope took place in October 2017, ultimately leading to a discovery paper published in Science Advances in early October 2018. Studies related to the discovery of this moon suggest that the host exoplanet is up to several Jupiter masses in size, and the moon is thought to be approximately the mass of Neptune. Like several moons in the Solar System, the large exomoon would theoretically be able to host its own moon, called a subsatellite, in a stable orbit, although no evidence for such a subsatellite has been found.

Exomoon
An exomoon or extrasolar moon is a natural satellite that orbits an exoplanet or other non-stellar extrasolar body.

Exomoons are difficult to detect and confirm using current techniques, and to date there have been no confirmed exomoon detections.
However, observations from missions such as Kepler have observed a number of candidates.
Two potential exomoons that may orbit rogue planets have also been detected by microlensing.
In September 2019, astronomers reported that the observed dimmings of Tabby's Star may have been produced by fragments resulting from the disruption of an orphaned exomoon. Some exomoons may be potential habitats for extraterrestrial life. A possible exomoon, which, if real, may be habitable, has been discovered around one of the components of the binary rogue planet 2MASS J11193254−1137466 AB.
Fajer Al-Kaisi
Fajer Al-Kaisi (Arabic: الفجر آل القيسي) is an Iraqi-Canadian actor, best known for his recurring role as Osama bin Laden / OBL in the third season of Future Man, an atheist version of the real-life terrorist from an alternate reality where he was prevented from becoming one.

Iraqi Canadians
Iraqi Canadians are Canadians of full or partial Iraqi descent, as well as people from the state of Iraq who are ethno-linguistic and religious minorities. According to the 2011 Census there were 49,680 Canadians of Iraqi ancestry, an increase compared to the 2006 Census.
Soracá
Soracá is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Central Boyacá Province. Soracá borders the municipalities of Chivatá in the north, Siachoque, Viracacha and Ramiriquí in the east, Boyacá in the south and the department capital Tunja in the west.

Viracachá
Viracachá is a town and municipality in the Márquez Province, Colombia, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Viracachá is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the department capital Tunja and the small urban center at 2,520 metres (8,270 ft) above sea level. Other parts of Viracachá reach 3,200 metres (10,500 ft). The municipality borders Siachoque, Rondón and Soracá in the north and east, in the south Ciénega and Ciénega, Soracá and Ramiriquí in the west.
Washington Wild Things
The Washington Wild Things are a professional baseball team based in Washington, Pennsylvania. The Wild Things compete in the Frontier League (FL) as a member of the Central Division in the Midwest Conference. The team is owned by Stu and Francine Williams, and initially played its home games at the Thurman Munson Memorial Stadium in Canton, Ohio, before moving to EQT Park in Washington, Pennsylvania, in 2002.

The franchise was founded in 1997 as an expansion team as the Canton Crocodiles, and have won their only Frontier Cup in history during their inaugural season. They have the most playoff appearances in all Frontier League teams, with 15 since their founding, including nine division championships.

Washington, Pennsylvania
Washington is a city in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. The population was 13,176 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in southwestern Pennsylvania. Nicknamed "Little Washington" to distinguish it from Washington, D.C., the city is home to Washington & Jefferson College and Pony League baseball.
Munich Cosmic Circle
The Munich Cosmic Circle (German: Kosmikerkreis or Kosmiker for short) was a group of writers and intellectuals in Munich, Germany at the turn of the 20th century, founded by esotericist Alfred Schuler (1865–1923), philosopher Ludwig Klages (1872–1956), and poet Karl Wolfskehl (1869–1948). Other members of the group included writer Ludwig Derleth (1870–1948) and the "Bohemian Countess" of Schwabing, Fanny zu Reventlow (1871–1918). She wrote about her experiences with the group in her roman à clef Herrn Dames Aufzeichnungen (1913).

Karl Wolfskehl
Karl Wolfskehl (German: [ˈvɔlfskeːl]; 17 September 1869, Darmstadt – 30 June 1948 Auckland) was a German author and translator. He wrote poetry, prose and drama in German, and translated from French, English, Italian, Hebrew, Latin and Old/Middle High German into German.
Malesardi Quadrangle
Malesardi Quadrangle (formerly known as the Athletic Quadrangle) is a quadrangle at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States.

Originally known as the Athletic Quadrangle, it was renamed in 2016 after Robert Malesardi, a member of the Class of 1945, pledged $20 million to the college. It was the single-largest gift in the college's history. Malesardi died in 2021, aged 96.

The quadrangle is located on a plateau above Dent Drive to the west. The Freas Hall admissions building is beneath the plaza, accessed from Dent Drive. Vaughan Literature Building overlooks the quadrangle from the north, Bertrand Library and clocktower from the east, and Coleman Hall from the south. From the quad, the Susquehanna Valley is in view to the west.

Senior Sunsets and Commencements take place on the quad.

Freas Hall sits below the quadrangle

Looking northwest toward the Vaughan Literature Building (2024)

Bertrand Library
Bertrand Library is the library of Bucknell University. Built in 1951, it stands at the eastern end of Malesardi Quadrangle. The library, which occupies five floors, is named for Ellen Clarke Bertrand, who contributed $800,000 and a library endowment fund to the university.

Commissioned in 1946, under Bucknell president and former governor of Maine Horace Hildreth, the building's cornerstone was laid on February 24, 1951, just under a year after ground was broken on the project. It was formally opened on September 26, 1951.

On Christmas Eve 1960, a fire damaged the library's roof and clock tower; no books were lost, however, and water damage was minimal. Repairs were completed in 1961.

The library is a member of the Federal Depository Library Program.

Clocktower detail
Stanley Kunitz
Stanley Jasspon Kunitz (/ˈkjuːnɪts/; July 28, 1905 – May 14, 2006) was an American poet. He was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress twice, first in 1974 and then again in 2000.

United States Poet Laureate
The poet laureate consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress, commonly referred to as the United States poet laureate, serves as the official poet of the United States. During their term, the poet laureate seeks to raise the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry. The position was modeled on the poet laureate of the United Kingdom. Begun in 1937, and formerly known as the consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress, the present title was devised and authorized by an Act of Congress in 1985. Appointed by the librarian of Congress, the poet laureate's office is administered by the Center for the Book. For children's poets, the Poetry Foundation awards the Young People's Poet Laureate.

The incumbent poet laureate (since 2025) is Arthur Sze. He is the first Asian American United States poet laureate.
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika (/ˌtæŋɡənˈjiːkə, -ɡæn-/ TANG-gən-YEE-kə, -⁠gan-; Kirundi: Ikiyaga ca Tanganyika) is an African Great Lake. It is the world's second-largest freshwater lake by volume and the second deepest, in both cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia. It is the world's longest freshwater lake. It is also the 6th largest lake by area. The lake is shared among four countries—Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the DRC), Burundi, and Zambia—with Tanzania (46%) and the DRC (40%) possessing the majority of the lake. It drains via the Lukuga River into the Congo River system, which ultimately discharges at Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo into the Atlantic Ocean.

Giant cichlid
The giant cichlid (Boulengerochromis microlepis), also known as the emperor cichlid, is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae, endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa. It is the only member of its genus Boulengerochromis and tribe Boulengerochromini.
Aue, Saxony
Aue (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊ̯ə] ⓘ) is a small town in Germany at the outlet of the river Schwarzwasser into the river Zwickauer Mulde in the Ore Mountains, and has roughly 16,000 inhabitants. It was merged into the new town Aue-Bad Schlema in January 2019. Aue was the administrative seat of the former district of Aue-Schwarzenberg in Saxony, and is part of the Erzgebirgskreis since August 2008. It belongs to the Silberberg Town League (Städtebund Silberberg)

The mining town has been known for its copper, titanium, and kaolinite. The town was a machine-building and cutlery manufacturing centre in East German times and is now developing tourism, as the Silver Road (Silberstraße) runs through town. The town is also known for the football club FC Erzgebirge Aue, which is currently playing in the 3rd German division (3. Bundesliga)

Aue was until 1991 a centre of the Sowjetisch-Deutsche Aktiengesellschaft Wismut (“Soviet-German Wismut Corporation”, or SDAG Wismut).

Aue-Bad Schlema
Aue-Bad Schlema (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊ̯ə baːt ˈʃleːma]) is a town and a municipality in the Erzgebirgskreis, in Saxony, Germany. It was created with effect from 1 January 2019 by the merger of the former municipalities of Aue and Bad Schlema.