hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Humber—St. George's
Humber—St. George's was a federal electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1949 to 1968.This riding was created in 1949 when Newfoundland joined the Canadian Confederation.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Burin—Burgeo and Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe ridings.

It consisted of the Districts of St. George's-Port au Port, Humber, and St. Barbe and all the unorganised territory bounded on the North by the District of Humber, on the East by the District of Grand Falls, on the South by the District of Burgeo and LaPoile, and on the West by the District of St. George's-Port au Port.

Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe
Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe was a federal electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1979. This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Grand Falls—White Bay—Labrador and Humber—St. George's ridings. It was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed into Burin—St. George's and Humber—St. Barbe ridings.

The riding initially consisted of the provincial districts of Port au Port, Humber East, Humber West, St. Barbe South and St. Barbe North, and that part of the provincial district of St. George's not included in the electoral district of Burin-Burgeo.
Deogaon
Deogaon is a small village on the banks of Kusei River in the Kendujhar District of Orissa, India. It lies at a distance of 10 km from Anandapur, 90 km from the district headquarters Kendujhar and 170 km from Bhubaneswar, the state capital.

It is a village within the Ghasipura Block of Anandapur Subdivision. The people of the village are Hindus. Most of the people are farmers, a few work in Government and Private sectors. The majority of youths in the village are engaged in various types of businesses.

The neighbourhood villages are Bangarakota, Tarimul, Kesadurapal among others.

Tarimul
Tarimul is a small village on the banks of Sendhei River in the Kendujhar District of Orissa, India. It lies at a distance of 12 km. from Anandapur, 90 km. from the district headquarters Kendujhar and 160 km. from Bhubaneswar, the state capital.

It is a village within the Ghasipura Block of Anandapur Subdivision. The people of the village are Hindus. Most of the people are farmers, a few work in Government and Private sectors. The majority of youths in the village are engaged in various types of businesses.

The neighbourhood villages are Deogaon, Bhandaridiha, Rekutia, Kantarohi, Tulaasipura, Kochianandi, Kesadurapal, Narangpur, Basantpura, Khaliamenta, Bangarakota, Khalana.
Strategic Content Alliance
Strategic Content Alliance is an initiative which works to improve the development of sustainable digital content originating from the UK public and not-for-profit sectors. The initiative was established to help build good practice across sectors through empirical research, joint piloting and prototyping and policy development to help build a UK Digital Public Space. Founded in March 2006 by the Jisc it is supported by Arts Council England, the British Library, the BBC, the Heritage Lottery Fund and the Wellcome Library.

Jisc
Jisc is a United Kingdom not-for-profit organisation that provides network and IT services and digital resources in support of further and higher education and research, as well as the public sector. Its head office is based in Bristol with offices in London, Manchester, and Oxford. Its current CEO is Heidi Fraser-Krauss, who joined in September 2021 from the University of Sheffield.
Scottish nationalism
Scottish nationalism promotes the idea that the Scottish people form a cohesive nation and national identity.

Modern Scottish nationalism began to shape from 1853 with the National Association for the Vindication of Scottish Rights, progressing into the Scottish National Movement in the  1920s maturing by the 1970s and achieved its present ideological maturity in the 1980s and 1990s.

The nation's origin, political context and unique characteristics including the Gaelic language, poetry and film maintains an individual's distinct identification and support of Scotland.

Scottish republicanism
Scottish republicanism (Scottish Gaelic: Poblachdas na h-Alba) or republicanism in Scotland is an ideology based on the belief that Scotland should be a republic; the nation is currently a monarchy as part of the United Kingdom. Republicanism is associated with Scottish nationalism and the Scottish independence movement, but also with British republicanism and the movement for federalism in the United Kingdom.
Lyndhurst, New Jersey
Lyndhurst is a township in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 22,519, an increase of 1,965 (+9.6%) from the 2010 census count of 20,554, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,171 (+6.0%) from the 19,383 counted in the 2000 census.

Kearny, New Jersey
Kearny (/ˈkɑːrni/ KAR-nee) is a town in the western part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and a suburb of Newark. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 41,999, an increase of 1,315 (+3.2%) from the 2010 census count of 40,684, which in turn reflected an increase of 171 (+0.4%) from the 40,513 counted in the 2000 census.

Kearny is named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. It began as a township formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1867, from portions of Harrison Township. Portions of the township were taken on July 3, 1895, to form East Newark. Kearny was incorporated as a town on January 19, 1899, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The Arlington section of town was named for Arlington Station on the Erie Railroad at the Arlington Mill plant, owned by Arlington Mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts.
Antimetric electrical network
An antimetric electrical network is an electrical network that exhibits anti-symmetrical electrical properties. The term is often encountered in filter theory, but it applies to general electrical network analysis. Antimetric is the diametrical opposite of symmetric; it does not merely mean "asymmetric" (i.e., "lacking symmetry").  It is possible for networks to be symmetric or antimetric in their electrical properties without being physically or topologically symmetric or antimetric.

Two-port network
In electronics, a two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (i.e. a circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits. Two terminals constitute a port if the currents applied to them satisfy the essential requirement known as the port condition: the current entering one terminal must equal the current emerging from the other terminal on the same port.  The ports constitute interfaces where the network connects to other networks, the points where signals are applied or outputs are taken.  In a two-port network, often port 1 is considered the input port and port 2 is considered the output port.

It is commonly used in mathematical circuit analysis.
Patriotic Movement of Ivory Coast
The Patriotic Movement of Ivory Coast (Mouvement patriotique de Côte d'Ivoire, MPCI) was the major rebel group in the Ivorian Civil War, which since 2005, has transformed itself into a leading political party.

Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire
The Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire (English: New Forces of Ivory Coast; abbreviated FNCI, FN or FAFN) is a political coalition that was formed in December 2002, in the wake of the first peace accords of the Ivorian Civil War.
Historic synagogues
Historic synagogues are synagogues that date back to ancient or medieval times and synagogues that represent the earliest Jewish presence in cities around the world. Most of the older sites covered below are purely archaeological sites, with evidence recovered by excavation, and no sign of use as a synagogue in recent centuries. Some synagogues were destroyed and rebuilt several times on the same site. Others were converted into churches and mosques or used for other purposes.

Jericho synagogue
The Jericho synagogue is a Jewish synagogue in Jericho, West Bank, Palestine. The synagogue was built in the Byzantine Empire-era and is believed to date from the late 6th or early 7th century CE and was discovered in 1936. All that remains from the ancient prayer house is its mosaic floor, which contains an Aramaic inscription presenting thanks to the synagogue donors, and a well-preserved central medallion with the inscription "Shalom al Israel", meaning "Peace [up]on Israel". This led to the site also being known as Shalom Al Israel Synagogue.

The former ancient synagogue was restored as a place of Jewish worship in the early part of the twenty-first century.
Bardi language
Bardi (also Baardi, Baard) is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language in the Nyulnyulan family, mutually intelligible with Jawi and possibly other dialects. It is spoken by the Bardi people at the tip of the Dampier peninsula and neighbouring islands (north of Broome, in Northwestern Australia). There are few fluent speakers in the 21st century, but efforts are being made to teach the Bardi language and culture at at least one school.

Bardi people
The Bardi people, also spelt Baada or Baardi and other variations, are an Aboriginal Australian people, living north of Broome and inhabiting parts of the Dampier Peninsula in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. They are ethnically close to the Jawi people, and several organisations refer to the Bardi Jawi grouping, such as the Bardi Jawi Niimidiman Aboriginal Corporation Registered Native Title Body and the Bardi Jawi Rangers.
Education in Berlin
Education in Berlin covers the whole spectrum from nurseries, kindergarten, primary education, secondary education, apprenticeships, higher education, adult education and research in Berlin. The German states are primarily responsible for the educational system in Germany.

Hauptschule
A Hauptschule (German: [ˈhaʊptʃuːlə] ⓘ, lit. 'general school') is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (Grundschule), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification of Education. Any student who attends a German elementary school can go to a Hauptschule or Gesamtschule, while students who want to attend a Realschule or Gymnasium need to have good marks in order to do so. The students spend five to six years at the Hauptschule, from 5th to 9th (or 10th) grade. They finish around age 15 to 17.
Conimitella
Conimitella williamsii is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Saxifragaceae. It is the sole species in genus Conimitella. It is a perennial native to Alberta in west-central Canada and to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado in the northwestern United States.

Saxifragaceae
Saxifragaceae is a family of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, within the core eudicot order Saxifragales. The taxonomy of the family has been greatly revised and the scope much reduced in the era of molecular phylogenetic analysis. The family is divided into ten clades, with about 640 known species in about 35 accepted genera. About half of these consist of a single species, but about 400 of the species are in the type genus Saxifraga. The family is predominantly distributed in the northern hemisphere, but also in the Andes in South America.
Candoia paulsoni
Candoia paulsoni, also known commonly as Paulson's bevel-nosed boa, the Solomon Islands ground boa, and the Solomons ground boa, is a species of snake in the subfamily Candoiinae of the family Boidae. The species is native to the Maluku Islands and Melanesia. Six subspecies are recognized.

Olive Griffith Stull
Olive Griffith Stull (Davis) (February 10, 1905 – June 15, 1969) was an American herpetologist, best known for her work on snakes.

Stull was born in Rochester, New York. She married Loy Davis in 1930, one year after completing her degree at the University of Michigan. In a review of her revision in Copeia, Klauber was critical of her indiscriminate acceptance of reported localities of specimens in the genus.
Pietro Respighi
Pietro Respighi S.T.D. JUD (22 September 1843 – 22 March 1913) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran and vicar general of Rome. He was made a cardinal in 1899.

Cardinal Vicar
Cardinal vicar (Italian: Cardinale Vicario) is a title commonly given to the vicar general of the Diocese of Rome for the portion of the diocese within Italy (i.e. excluding the portion within Vatican City). The official title, as given in the Annuario Pontificio, is vicar general of His Holiness.

The bishop of Rome is responsible for the spiritual administration of this diocese, but because the bishop of Rome is the pope, with many other responsibilities, he appoints a cardinal vicar with ordinary power to assist in this task. Canon law requires all Catholic dioceses to have one or more vicars general, but the cardinal vicar functions more like a de facto diocesan bishop than do other vicars general. The holder has usually been a cardinal.

A similar position exists to administer the spiritual needs of the Vatican City, known as the vicar general for Vatican City or, more exactly, Vicar General of His Holiness for Vatican City.
Hula Valley
The Hula Valley (Hebrew: עמק החולה, romanized: ʿEmeq haḤūlā; Arabic: سهل الحولة, romanized: Sahl al-Ḥūlat) is a topographic depression forming a valley and fertile agricultural region in  northern Israel with abundant fresh water that used to be part covered by marshland and Lake Hula. These areas were a breeding ground for mosquitoes carrying malaria and were drained in the 1950s. A small section of the valley was later reflooded in an attempt to revive a nearly extinct ecosystem. It is a major stopover for birds migrating along the Great Rift Valley between Africa, Europe, and Asia, with an estimated 500 million migrating birds now pass through the Hula Valley every year.

Waters of Merom
The water of Merom or waters of Merom is a Biblical site, mentioned in the Book of Joshua as the site of the Battle of the Waters of Merom where the alliance of Canaanite kings under Jabin met and were defeated during Joshua's conquest of Canaan.
Kvænangen concentration camp
Kvænangen concentration camp was established in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway by the Nazi administration of occupied Norway in August 1942. It was an annex to the Grini concentration camp. This camp consisted of two subcamps, Veidal and Badderen, which was also known as Veiskaret.  The camp remained open until 11 November 1942, during which time about 400 prisoners were put to slave labor building a shelter over 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) of road in the area. The shelter was known as "Norway's longest" wooden house.

The camp was guarded by Wehrmacht soldiers, and run by members of Organisation Todt. Climate conditions were harsh, but prisoners received provisions both from the Red Cross in Tromsø and locals.

Kvænangen Municipality
Kvænangen (Northern Sami: Návuotna; Kven: Naavuono) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Burfjord. Other notable villages in the municipality include Alteidet, Badderen, Kjækan, and Sekkemo. The European route E6 highway goes through the municipality and over the Sørstraumen Bridge, and many people stop at the Kvænangsfjellet pass to view the scenery of the Kvænangen fjord.

The 2,109-square-kilometre (814 sq mi) municipality is the 32nd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Kvænangen is the 324th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,157. The municipality's population density is 0.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Frederic Remington: The Truth of Other Days
Frederic Remington: The Truth of Other Days is a 1991 documentary film of American Western artist Frederic Remington made for the PBS series American Masters. It was produced and directed by Tom Neff and written by Neff and Louise LeQuire.  Actor Gregory Peck narrated the film and Ned Beatty was the voice of Remington when reading his correspondence.

The documentary was produced by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; NHK Corporation (Japan); and Polaris Entertainment, Nashville, Tennessee.  It was the first documentary to be filmed in High Definition Television (HDTV), but at the time it was years away from high-definition television broadcasting.

Frederic Remington
Frederic Sackrider Remington (October 4, 1861 – December 26, 1909) was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor, and writer who specialized in the genre of Western American Art. His works are known for depicting the Western United States in the last quarter of the 19th century and featuring such images as cowboys, Native Americans, and the US Cavalry.
Ivana Bacik
Ivana Catherine Bacik 
(/ˈbɑːtʃɪk/)
(born 25 May 1968) is an Irish politician who has been the leader of the Labour Party since 24 March 2022 and a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Bay South constituency since winning a by-election on 9 July 2021. Bacik previously served as leader of the Labour Party in the Seanad from 2011 to 2021, and a Senator for the Dublin University constituency from 2007 to 2021. She previously served as deputy leader of the Seanad from 2011 to 2016. Bacik came to prominence due to her abortion rights campaigning from the 1980s onwards.

Leader of the Labour Party (Ireland)
The leader of the Labour Party is the most senior politician within the Labour Party in Ireland. Since 24 March 2022, the office has been held by Ivana Bacik, following the resignation of Alan Kelly as leader of the party.

In a review of procedures at the party's 2017 conference, the position of Deputy leader was abolished after a year of lying vacant, and the nomination and seconding of new leadership candidates was extended to Senators and MEPs as well as TDs.
Zhang Xiuye
Zhang Xiuye (simplified Chinese: 张秀叶; traditional Chinese: 張秀葉; pinyin: Zhāng Xiùyè; born 22 November 1960) is a Taiwanese politician who supports Chinese reunification. She is the secretary-general of the Patriot Alliance Association.

Patriot Alliance Association
The (Chinese) Patriot Alliance Association (Chinese: 愛國同心會), abbreviated PAA, also known as the Concentric Patriotism Alliance (Chinese: 中華愛國同心會) or the Concentric Patriotism Association of China is a pro-Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organization that supports the unification of Taiwan and China. The PAA is principally described as a pro-CCP party and it is described by Xiao Jiahong writing for Minbao as a far-right party. Despite its pro-Communist position, it continues to use ROC symbolism.
Peter Robinson (cricketer, born 1929)
Peter Michael Heasty Robinson (14 October 1929 – 23 March 2023) was a Trinidadian-born English first-class cricketer.

Robinson was born at Port of Spain and educated in England at Lancing College and at Magdalene College, Cambridge. An all-rounder, he played a single first-class cricket match for L. C. Stevens' XI against Cambridge University at Eastbourne in 1961. His son, Jonathan, played first-class cricket for Surrey from 1988 to 1992.

Lancing College
Lancing College is a public school (English private boarding and day school) for pupils aged 13–18. The school is located in West Sussex, east of Worthing in the parish of Lancing, on the south coast of England. Lancing College was founded in 1848 by Nathaniel Woodard and educates c. 600 pupils between the ages of 13 and 18; the co-educational ratio is c. 60:40 boys to girls. Girls were admitted beginning in 1971. There are five male houses (Gibbs', School, Teme, Head's, Second's) and four female houses (Field's, Sankey's, Manor, Handford). The first mixed house, Saints' House, was established in September 2018, bringing the total number of Houses to 10.
Papatzys
Papatzys (Greek: Παπατζύν Papatzýn; died 704) was, in the account of Theophanes the Confessor, the Khazar tudun of Kerch during the sojourn of Byzantine emperor Justinian II in Phanagoria. He was dispatched, along with Balgitzin, by Busir Khagan to kill Justinian in 704, after Busir was bribed by Tiberius III. Justinian's Khazar wife Theodora warned him in advance and Justinian escaped by sea, but not before murdering both Papatzys and Balgitzin.

Justinian II
Justinian II (Greek: Ἰουστινιανός, romanized: Ioustinianós; Latin: Iustinianus; 668/69 – 4 November 711), nicknamed "the Slit-Nosed" (Greek: ὁ Ῥινότμητος, romanized: ho Rhīnótmētos), was the last Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian dynasty, reigning from 685 to 695 and again from 705 to 711. Like his namesake, Justinian I, Justinian II was an ambitious and passionate ruler who was keen to restore the Roman Empire to its former glories. However, he responded brutally to any opposition to his will and lacked the finesse of his father, Constantine IV.  Consequently, he generated enormous opposition to his reign, resulting in his deposition in 695 in a popular uprising. He only returned to the throne in 705 with the help of a Bulgarian army. His second reign was even more despotic than the first, and in 711 he was killed by mutinous soldiers.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) is a type of cholinesterase inhibitors, that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase from breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetate. This increases both the level and duration of action of acetylcholine in the central nervous system, autonomic ganglia and neuromuscular junctions, which are rich in acetylcholine receptors. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are one of two types of cholinesterase inhibitors; The other type is the butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitor.
Acetylcholinesterase is the primary member of the cholinesterase enzyme family.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are classified as reversible, irreversible, or quasi-irreversible (also called pseudo-irreversible).

Sarin
Sarin (NATO designation GB short for G-series, B) is an extremely toxic organophosphorus compound that has been often used as a chemical weapon due to its extreme potency as a nerve agent.

Sarin is a volatile, colorless and odorless liquid. Exposure can be lethal even at very low concentrations, and death can occur within one to ten minutes after direct inhalation of a lethal dose due to suffocation from respiratory paralysis, unless antidotes are quickly administered. People who absorb a non-lethal dose and do not receive immediate medical treatment may suffer permanent neurological damage.

Sarin is widely considered a weapon of mass destruction. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed as of April 1997 by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, and it is classified as a Schedule 1 substance.
Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film
The Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Nigerian Film is an annual merit by the Africa Film Academy to recognize the best Nollywood film for the year. It was introduced in the 2007 edition as "Best Nigerian Film" but was renamed as "Heart of Africa" award in the 4th to 6th editions. Since the 7th edition, it has been renamed again to "Best Nigerian Film".

Africa Movie Academy Awards
The Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMMA) is an annual entertainment award ceremony, presented to recognize excellence among African and non-African professionals, who have contributed to the African film industry. The award was founded by Peace Anyiam-Osigwe currently run by the Africa Film Academy. It is regarded as one of Africa's most notable film events, and have been sometimes referenced as the "African Oscars".