hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Valkininkai (1700)
The Battle of Valkininkai (Lithuanian: Valkininkų mūšis, Polish: Bitwa pod Olkienikami) took place on November 18, 1700, during the Lithuanian Civil War, between forces of the Sapieha family, led by Michał Franciszek Sapieha, and an anti-Sapieha coalition of Wiśniowiecki, Ogiński, Radziwiłł and Pac families and their supporters (including a pospolite ruszenie of Lithuanian and Samogitian szlachta), led by Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki.

The anti-Sapieha confederates were victorious.

Michał Franciszek Sapieha
Michał Franciszek Sapieha (1670 – November 19, 1700) was a Polish-Lithuanian magnate of the Sapieha family, Koniuszy (Master of the Horse) of Lithuania, and a general of Lithuanian and Russian armies.

He was a son of Kazimierz Jan Sapieha and his first wife Krystyna Barbara Hlebowicz.

In 1680 he attended a Jesuit college in Warsaw, then one in Braniewo. He participated in the campaign against Turkey of Emperor Leopold I in 1690, and then after John III Sobieski's Moldovian adventures, returned to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1691. In the spring of 1692 he was promoted to major general in the Habsburg army and in the years 1693–1694 fought in further wars against the Ottomans as head of the 47th Styrian Infantry Regiment. He participated in the Siege of Belgrade in 1693.
Laurie Dwyer
Lawrence Joseph Dwyer (6 November 1938 – 17 October 2016) was an Australian rules footballer who played for North Melbourne.

Dwyer came close to winning a Brownlow Medal on a few occasions, finishing second in 1961 and again in 1967 as well as placing third in 1960. He was a Syd Barker Medalist in 1961 and 1967, and was selected on the wing in North Melbourne's official 'Team of the Century'. Many supporters nicknamed Dwyer as "twinkletoes" because of his prowess as a ballroom dancer. Dwyer was part of the 1975 Premiership as a non-player, as he was North's runner in his distinctive fluro orange tracksuit top.

During the 1960s and 1970s Dwyer ran a sportgoods store in Pascoe Vale and entered into the hotel business in Brunswick in the 1980s. Two of his sons also played for North Melbourne, Anthony and David.

He won the Jack Titus Award in 1999. Dwyer died on 17 October 2016 at the age of 77.

Anthony Dwyer
Anthony Dwyer (born 1 January 1970) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the 1990s.

Recruited from Westmeadows, Dwyer joined his brother David at North Melbourne in 1990 and played two games late in the season. He and his brother were the third generation of their family to play in the VFL/AFL, following their grandfather Leo and father Laurie.

After not playing a senior game in 1991, he put together 16 appearances in 1992 and kicked 21 goals. Dwyer struggled to break into the team over the next three seasons but in 1995 played in two AFL finals matches and participated in North Melbourne's reserves premiership.
Līvāni Station
Līvāni Station is a railway station serving the town of Līvāni in the Latgale region of south-eastern Latvia. It is located on the Riga–Daugavpils Railway. Trains on the route Riga-Daugavpils, Riga-Kraslava, Riga-Indra, Līvāni-Riga, and Riga-Aglona.

Riga Central Station
Riga Central Station (Latvian: Rīgas Centrālā stacijа) is the main railway station in Riga, Latvia. It is known as the main point of Riga due to its central location, and most forms of public transport stop in this area. Part of the building is a shopping centre.

Three rail mainlines connect the station to the east:

Riga–Skulte

Riga–Lugaži, through to the Estonian border crossing at Valka

Riga–Krustpils, which then splits into lines to Daugavpils and Zilupe.

Two rail mainlines connect the station to the west:

Riga–Jelgava, including lines through to Liepāja.

Riga–Tukums.
Ben Navarro
Benjamin W. Navarro (born 1962 or 1963) is an American businessman who is the founder and chief executive officer of Beemok Capital, a private investment firm and family office. Through Beemok, he oversees a range of initiatives, including Beemok Hospitality Collection, a Charleston-based luxury hospitality company, and the ownership and operation of professional tennis tournaments such as the Charleston Open and Cincinnati Open.

He is also the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Sherman Financial Group, LLC, and a significant minority owner of Credit One Bank, a national credit card issuer. Navarro is known for his philanthropy in education, including the founding of Meeting Street Schools and the Meeting Street Scholarship Fund, as well as for his civic projects in Charleston, South Carolina.

Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.
Samsung Galaxy A04
The Samsung Galaxy A04 is a series of budget Android-based smartphones manufactured and developed by Samsung Electronics. It was announced on August 24, 2022. There were three different models released in this series: the base Galaxy A04, the Galaxy A04e, and the Galaxy A04s. A rebranded version of this device, which is known as the Galaxy M04, was released on December 10, 2022.

Samsung Galaxy M04
The Samsung Galaxy M04 is an entry-level Android-based smartphone manufactured, designed, marketed and developed by Samsung Electronics, as part of the Galaxy M series. It was announced on December 10, 2022, and released on December 16, 2022. It shares similarities to the Samsung Galaxy A04e.
Almighty DP
Almighty DP is a collaborative mixtape by hip hop recording artist Chief Keef and producer DP Beats. It was self-released on April 1, 2015. Later in 2015, Keef and DP Beats released a sequel to the project, called Almighty DP 2.

Almighty DP 2
Almighty DP 2 is a collaborative mixtape by hip hop recording artist Chief Keef and producer DP Beats. It is the sequel to the project Almighty DP, released by the duo earlier in 2015. It was self-released on September 11, 2015. It is available on the mixtape website DatPiff.
Petra Farewell
Farewell is the second live album released by Christian rock band Petra. It was released in 2005. A DVD of the concert was released in 2006.

This is the band's second live album, and it was recorded during the band's Farewell tour in Franklin, Tennessee on October 4, 2005.

The concert features guest appearances by two former members of the band: singer Greg X. Volz and keyboardist John Lawry.

Greg X. Volz
Gregory Xavier Volz (born January 12, 1950) is a Christian rock singer. He is most noted for being the lead singer of Petra from 1979 to 1985. He has continued to sing, sporadically, for different iterations of Petra such as Classic Petra (2010-2012) and Classic Petra Resurrection (CPR; 2016 to the present).
Women Are No Angels
Women Are No Angels (German: Frauen sind keine Engel) is a 1943 German comedy film directed by Willi Forst and starring Marte Harell, Axel von Ambesser and Margot Hielscher. The film was made by Wien-Film in German-occupied Austria.

Margot Hielscher
Margot Hielscher (29 September 1919 – 20 August 2017) was a German singer and film actress. She appeared in over fifty films between 1939 and 1994.

Hielscher was born in Berlin. In 1957, she was chosen to represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 with the song "Telefon, Telefon" (Telephone, Telephone). The song finished fourth out of ten, with eight points.

Hielscher was chosen again to represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 1958 with the song "Für Zwei Groschen Musik" (Music For Two Pennies). The song finished seventh out of ten, with 5 points.

In 1989, she starred in the TV series Rivalen der Rennbahn. She died in Munich, aged 97.
Official minority languages of Sweden
In 1999, the Minority Language Committee of Sweden formally declared five official minority languages: Finnish, Sámi languages, Romani, Yiddish, and Meänkieli (Tornedal Finnish).

The Swedish language dominates commercial and cultural life in Sweden but did not officially become the country's main language until 2009, when a new language law entered into effect. The need for this legal status had been the subject of protracted debate and proposed legislation was narrowly defeated in 2005.

The minority languages have been legally recognized to protect the cultural and historical heritage of their respective speech communities. These communities are given certain rights on that basis, such as school education in their language, and its use in dealing with governmental agencies.

Sámi languages
The Sámi languages (US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee), also rendered in English as Sami and Saami, are a group of Uralic languages spoken by the indigenous Sámi people in Northern Europe (in parts of northern Finland, Norway, Sweden, and extreme northwestern Russia). There are, depending on the nature and terms of division, ten or more Sami languages. Several spellings have been used for the Sámi languages, including Sámi, Sami, Saami, Saame, Sámic, Samic and Saamic, as well as the exonyms Lappish and Lappic. The last two, along with the term Lapp, are now often considered pejorative.
Red, Black and Green (album)
Red, Black & Green is a live album by the Black Artists Group-affiliated band known as Solidarity Unit, Inc., led by drummer Charles "Bobo" Shaw. The group's sole release, it was recorded on September 18, 1970, at the BAG Room in East St. Louis, Illinois, and was initially issued on LP by Shaw's Universal Justice Records in 1972 as part of the BAG Live Concert Series. On the album, Shaw is joined by saxophonist and flutist Oliver Lake, trumpeters Floyd LeFlore and Baikida Carroll (listed as Baikida Yaseen), trombonist Joseph Bowie, guitarist Richard Martin, pianist Clovis Bordeaux, bassists Kada Kayan and Carl Richardson, and percussionist Danny Trice. In 2008, the album was reissued on LP in remastered form and in limited quantities by Eremite Records.

Red, Black & Green marked the recorded debut of Bowie, Carroll, and Martin. It was dedicated to Jimi Hendrix, who died on the day of the concert.

Baikida Carroll
Baikida Carroll (born January 15, 1947) is an American jazz trumpeter.

Carroll studied at Southern Illinois University and at the Armed Forces School of Music. Following this he became a member of the Black Artists Group in St. Louis, where he directed their big band. This group recorded in Europe in the 1970s.
Border Romance
Border Romance is a 1929 American pre-Code Western romance film directed by Richard Thorpe. An early sound film, it stars Armida, Don Terry, Marjorie Kane, and Victor Potel.

A copy is preserved at the Library of Congress, Packard.

Don Terry
Don Terry (born Donald Prescott Loker, August 8, 1902 – October 6, 1988) was an American film actor, best known for his lead appearances in B films and serials in the 1930s and early 1940s. Perhaps his best-known role is Naval Commander Don Winslow in two Universal Pictures serials of the early 1940s, Don Winslow of the Navy (1942) and Don Winslow of the Coast Guard (1943).
Levitha
Levitha (Greek: Λέβιθα), known in classical antiquity as Lebinthus or Lebinthos (Ancient Greek: Λέβινθος) is a small  Greek island located in the east of the Aegean Sea, between Kinaros and Kalymnos, part of the Dodecanese islands. It is part of the municipality of Leros. The island is mentioned in two of Ovid's works Ars Amatoria and the Metamorphoses in connection with the saga of Daedalus and Icarus. While escaping from Crete, Daedalus and Icarus flew over Lebinthus. Besides Ovid, the island is noted by the ancient authors Pliny the Elder, Pomponius Mela, Strabo, and Stephanus of Byzantium. In addition, it is mentioned in the Stadiasmus Maris Magni.

As of 2009, the population of the island is five with a family of two children and their grandmother. The total area of the island is 9.2 square kilometres (4 sq mi) and its total coastline is 34 kilometres (21 miles).

Leros
Leros (Greek: Λέρος), also called Lero (from the Italian language), is a Greek island and municipality in the Dodecanese in the southern Aegean Sea. It lies 317 kilometres (197 miles; 171 nautical miles) from Athens's port of Piraeus, from which it can be reached by a nine-hour ferry ride or by a 45-minute flight from Athens. It is about 32 kilometres (20 miles) from Turkey. Leros is part of the Kalymnos regional unit. It has a population of 7,992 (2021).
Bal Narsingh Kunwar
Bal Narsingh Kunwar or Balanarsingh Kanwar (Nepali: बालनरसिंह कुँवर; 2 February 1783 -  24 December 1841) posthumously referred to as Bal Narsingh Kunwar Rana was a Kaji, military officer and governor in the Kingdom of Nepal.

He was born to Kaji Ranajit Kunwar of the Chhetri Kunwar family of Gorkha. He was the father of Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of the Rana dynasty. Bal Narsingh married Ganesh Kumari, daughter of Thapa Kaji Nain Singh Thapa and was related to the Pandes through his mother-in-law Rana Kumari Pande, daughter of Mulkaji Ranajit Pande. He became a Kaji (minister of state) after he killed Sher Bahadur Shah, the assassin of King Rana Bahadur Shah. He served as governor of Dhankuta, Dadeldhura and Jumla.

Nain Singh Thapa
Nain Singh Thapa or Nayan Singh Thapa (Nepali: नैनसिंह थापा/नयनसिंह थापा) (died late 1806 or early 1807) was a Nepalese Kaji (minister) and a military general. He died in the offensive campaign of Kangra from bullet injury. He was the owner of the Thapathali Durbar temple complex.
Daniel Fischel
Daniel R. Fischel (born December 10, 1950) is the emeritus Lee and Brena Freeman Professor of Law and Business and the 11th dean of University of Chicago Law School. He co-founded Lexecon, and is now chairman and president of Compass Lexecon.

Compass Lexecon
Compass Lexecon is a global economic consulting firm founded in 1977 with headquarters in Chicago, Illinois. It provides analysis of economic issues pertaining to competition practice and competition law for use in legal and regulatory proceedings, strategic decisions, and public policy debates. Compass Lexecon operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the parent firm FTI Consulting.

Chairman and president is Daniel Fischel. Compass Lexecon has 23 office locations in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, and Asia.
Gideon Oliver
Gideon Oliver is a prime time television series that ran on the ABC television network between February 1989 and May 1989 as part of the ABC Mystery Movie rotation, along with B.L. Stryker  and Columbo. On the air for only five episodes, the series starred Louis Gossett Jr., and was created by Dick Wolf. The title character first appeared in the novel series by mystery writer Aaron Elkins.

The NBC Mystery Movie
The NBC Mystery Movie is an American television anthology series produced by Universal Pictures and broadcast on NBC from 1971 to 1977. Devoted to a rotating series of mystery episodes, it was sometimes split into two subsets broadcast on different nights of the week: The NBC Sunday Mystery Movie and The NBC Wednesday Mystery Movie.

The NBC Mystery Movie was a "wheel series", or "umbrella program", that rotated several programs within the same period throughout each of its seasons. During the first season of 1971–72, three detective dramas were broadcast on Wednesday nights from 8:30 to 10:00 p.m. in the Eastern and Pacific time zones (7:30–9:00 p.m. Central and Mountain time).
Mike Bartrum
Michael Weldon Bartrum (born June 23, 1970) is an American football coach and former player who is the head coach for the Rio Grande RedStorm. He played professionally for 13 seasons as a long snapper and tight end in the National Football League (NFL), and was considered one of the best long snappers while he was playing.  He played for the Kansas City Chiefs, Green Bay Packers, New England Patriots and Philadelphia Eagles.  He retired in 2007 after suffering a neck injury in a 2006 game.

Rio Grande RedStorm football
The Rio Grande RedStorm football team represents the University of Rio Grande in college football at the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) level. The RedStorm have been members of the Appalachian Athletic Conference (AAC) since the program resumed play in 2025. The RedStorm play their home games at Jackson High School's Alumni Field in Jackson, Ohio.

Their head coach for the 2025 season was Mark Thurston, who took over the position during the 2024 season before the team began play. The school initially hired former NFL player and Fairmont State running backs coach Quincy Wilson to be their head coach, but he was fired during the 2024 season. Mike Bartrum was hired as head coach ahead of the 2026 season.
Diffusion equation
The  diffusion equation is a parabolic partial differential equation. In physics, it describes the macroscopic behavior of many micro-particles in Brownian motion, resulting from the random movements and collisions of the particles (see Fick's laws of diffusion). In mathematics, it is related to Markov processes, such as random walks, and applied in many other fields, such as materials science, information theory, and biophysics. The diffusion equation is a special case of the convection–diffusion equation when bulk velocity is zero. It is equivalent to the heat equation under some circumstances.

Convection–diffusion equation
The convection–diffusion equation is a parabolic partial differential equation that combines the diffusion and convection (advection) equations. It describes physical phenomena where particles, energy, or other physical quantities are transferred inside a physical system due to two processes: diffusion and convection. Depending on context, the same equation can be called the advection–diffusion equation, drift–diffusion equation, or (generic) scalar transport equation.
Howard A. Coffin
Howard Aldridge Coffin (June 11, 1877 – February 28, 1956) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. Alongside Harold F. Youngblood, he remains the last Republican to represent any part of Detroit in congress, as of 2024. Both men were elected in the Republican wave year of 1946, only to lose re-election two years later in 1948.

Harold F. Youngblood
Harold Francis Youngblood (August 7, 1907 – May 10, 1983) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He served one term in the United States House of Representatives from 1947 to 1949. Alongside Howard A. Coffin, he remains the last Republican to represent any part of Detroit in Congress, as of 2024. Both men were elected in the Republican wave year of 1946, only to lose re-election two years later in 1948.
Mamoon Kazi
Mamoon Kazi (1938–April 2, 2014) was a Pakistani judge who served as the chief justice of the Sindh High Court from 1996 to 1997 and a justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan from 1997 until 2000 when he refused take oath under Pervez Musharraf's Provisional Constitutional Order and resigned.

Sindh High Court
The High Court of Sindh (Urdu: عدالتِ عالیہ سندھ) (Sindhi: سنڌ ھائي ڪورٽ) is the highest judicial institution of the Pakistani province of Sindh. Established in 1906, the Court situated in the provincial capital at Karachi. Apart from being the highest court of appeal for Sindh in civil and criminal matters, the Court was the District Court and the Court of Session in Karachi.
Potamogeton
Potamogeton is a genus of aquatic, mostly freshwater, plants of the family Potamogetonaceae. Most are known by the common name pondweed, although many unrelated plants may be called pondweed, such as Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensis). The genus name means "river neighbor", originating from the Greek potamos (river) and geiton (neighbor).

Potamogeton acutifolius
Potamogeton acutifolius is a European species of aquatic plant in the family Potamogetonaceae, known by the common name sharp-leaved pondweed. It is threatened and declining in at least part of its range.
Park So-dam
Park So-dam (Korean: 박소담; born September 8, 1991) is a South Korean actress. She gained recognition through her appearances in the film The Priests (2015) and television series Cinderella with Four Knights (2016), Record of Youth (2020), and Death's Game (2023–2024).

She achieved international fame for her role in the 2019 critically acclaimed dark comedy thriller film Parasite, which won the Palme d'Or at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Picture. The actors won the Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture at the 26th Screen Actors Guild Awards.

The Priests (film)
The Priests (Korean: 검은 사제들; lit. Black Priests) is a 2015 South Korean supernatural horror mystery film written and directed by Jang Jae-hyun, based on his award-winning short film 12th Assistant Deacon.
Atlético de Madrid (Superleague Formula team)
Atlético de Madrid Superleague Formula team was a motor racing team representing Spain's Atlético Madrid in the Superleague Formula championship.

They finished 18th and last in the inaugural championship with driver Andy Soucek, having missed the first round of the season at Donington Park. They participated in the 2009 season with the Dutch-Chinese driver Ho-Pin Tung for the first 3 races.
María de Villota replaced him for the last races of the season.

María de Villota
María de Villota Comba (13 January 1979 – 11 October 2013) was a Spanish racing driver who competed in Superleague Formula and Euroseries 3000. She had an accident in straight-line testing as the Marussia Formula One team test driver, where she suffered serious head and facial injuries, and died one year later.

De Villota was the daughter of former Formula One driver Emilio de Villota, and sister of Emilio de Villota Jr., who similarly competed in Formula Palmer Audi.
2018 Amesbury poisonings
On 30 June 2018, in Amesbury, two British nationals, Charlie Rowley and Dawn Sturgess, were admitted to Salisbury District Hospital in Wiltshire, England. Police determined that they were poisoned by a Novichok nerve agent of the same kind used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in Salisbury, 8 miles (13 km) away, almost four months prior. Sturgess died on 8 July, and Rowley regained consciousness two days later. The inquest into the death of Sturgess was suspended upon the establishment of an independent inquiry, the outcome of which stated that Russian President Vladimir Putin was "morally responsible" for the death.

Amesbury
Amesbury (/ˈeɪmzbəri/) is a town and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It is known for the prehistoric monument of Stonehenge which is within the parish. The town is claimed to be the oldest occupied settlement in Great Britain, having been first settled around 8820 BC. The parish includes the hamlets of Ratfyn and West Amesbury, and part of Boscombe Down military airfield.
Lies (Koda Kumi song)
"Lies" is a song recorded by Japanese singer-songwriter Kumi Koda, serving as the fifth single in her 12 Singles Collection. The lyrics are written by Kumi and the music is written and arranged by Yanagiman. The song is the ending theme of Asahi TV's show Adore na! Garejji. It was also used in a commercial for music.jp. It peaked at number five in its second week on Oricon and helped Kumi become to first artist to have three singles in the top 10 during the same week.

Candy (Koda Kumi song)
Candy is the seventh single of the 12 Singles Collection by Japanese artist Kumi Koda. The single featured rapper Mr. Blistah from Clench & Blistah, and became her second to feature an artist – her first being "D.D.D.," which featured Soulhead. As with the majority of the singles in the collection, the single was limited to 50,000 copies. The single peaked at No. 3 on the Oricon charts and charted for seven weeks.