hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Security: A New Framework for Analysis
Security: A New Framework for Analysis is a book by Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde. It is considered to be the leading text outlining the views of the Copenhagen School of security studies. The work addresses two important conceptual developments: Buzan's notion of sectoral analysis and Ole Wæver's concept of 'securitization'. The book advocates for an intersubjective conceptualization of security, positing that the understanding of security should be broadened beyond its traditional scope. It contends that security should encompass a wider array of issues, such as environmental threats and challenges to societal identities.

Authors of this book come up with constructive ideas about international security, culture, economics.

This book contains 9 chapters:

Introduction

Security Analysis: Conceptual Apparatus

The Military Sector

The Environmental Sector

The Economic Sector

The Societal Sector

The Political Sector

How Sectors Are Synthesized

Conclusions

Jaap de Wilde
Jacobus Hubertus "Jaap" de Wilde (born 17 May 1957) is a Dutch academic. A native of Zuidlaren, he has been a Professor of International Relations and Security Studies at the University of Groningen since 2007. He headed the department of International Relations between 2008 and 2012. From 2001 to 2007 he was professor in European Security Studies at the Department of Political Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, and from 1995–2007 he was senior research fellow in European Studies and IR Theory at the Centre for European Studies (CES), University of Twente. From 1993–1995 he worked at the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (COPRI).
122nd Fusilier Regiment (Württemberg)
The 122nd Fusiliers (4th Württemberg), named "Kaiser Franz Josef von Österreich, König von Ungarn" (Emperor Franz Josef of Austria, King of Hungary) were an infantry regiment of the Army of Württemberg. The regiment was formed as fusiliers in 1807. In 1906 it was named after Emperor Francis Joseph I of Austria-Hungary. The regiment took part in Napoleon's Russian campaign, the Austro-Prussian War, and Franco-Prussian War. In World War I it was part of the 26th (1st Württemberg) Division. The regiment was disbanded 1 May 1919, 5th and 7th Company/13th Infantry were bearing its tradition in the new Reichsheer.

Fusilier
Fusilier is a name given to various kinds of soldiers; its meaning depends on the historical context. While fusilier is derived from the 17th-century French word fusil – meaning a type of flintlock musket – the term has been used in contrasting ways in different countries and at different times, including soldiers guarding artillery, various elite units, ordinary line infantry and other uses.
Oberwald
Oberwald is a village in the municipality of Obergoms in Goms District in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

It is situated at an elevation of 1,377 m and had a population of 277 in December 2007. It is located at the end of the Goms, directly before the Furka and Grimsel passes, underneath the Rhône River source at the Rhône Glacier.  It is also the startpoint of the Furka Tunnel and is served by Oberwald railway station.  Most inhabitants live off tourism or sheep farming.

Oberwald was an independent municipality until January 1, 2009, when it merged with Ulrichen and Obergesteln to form the municipality of Obergoms.

View of Oberwald from above

View of the mountains from Oberwald

Ulrichen
Ulrichen is a village in the municipality of Obergoms in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.  The population (as of 2007) was 219.

Ulrichen was an independent municipality until January 1, 2009, when it merged with Oberwald and Obergesteln to form the municipality Obergoms.

In Ulrichen, an airport is located.
Floral Park Memorial High School
Floral Park Memorial High School is a coeducational, public high school in Floral Park, New York, United States. It is one of five schools in the Sewanhaka Central High School District. It enrolls students in grades 7 through 12.

As of the 2018–19 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,389 students and 94.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.8:1. There were 253 students (18.2% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 38 (2.7% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Floral Park, New York
Floral Park is an incorporated village located in western Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 16,172 at the time of the 2020 census.

Floral Park is at the western border of Nassau County, mainly in the Town of Hempstead, while the section north of Jericho Turnpike (NY 25) is within the Town of North Hempstead. The area was formerly known as East Hinsdale.

The neighborhood of Floral Park in the New York City borough of Queens is adjacent to – but not part of – the village.
St Pancras, London
St Pancras (/ˈpæŋkrəs/) is a district in North London. It was originally a medieval ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden.

The area of the parish and borough extends nearly four miles in a north-south axis, between Islington in the east and Marylebone and Hampstead in the west. It takes in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Fifth Third Center (Cleveland)
Fifth Third Center is a skyscraper located in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, along Superior Avenue. The building has 27 stories and rises to a height of 446 ft (136 m), encompassing 515,000 square feet (47,800 m2). Currently, it is the seventh tallest building in Cleveland. Designed by RTKL Associates, the building was originally constructed as Bank One Center in 1991. In 2003, it was renamed when Fifth Third Bank of Cincinnati relocated to the structure.

RTKL Associates
RTKL was a global architecture, planning and design firm. The firm was founded in 1946 by Archibald C. Rogers and Francis T. Taliaferro in Rogers’ grandmother’s basement in Annapolis and grew to be one of the largest architectural firms in the world prior to its acquisition by Arcadis NV in 2007. In October 2015, RTKL was formally merged with another Arcadis subsidiary, Seattle-based Callison, to form CallisonRTKL headquartered in Baltimore.

The firm's name, RTKL, originated from the initials of its initial members, Rogers, Taliaferro, Kostritsky, and Lamb.
Jenny Craig Pavilion
The Jenny Craig Pavilion (JCP) is an indoor arena in San Diego, California, located on the campus of the University of San Diego (USD). Opened in 2000, it is the home of the San Diego Toreros men's basketball, women's basketball, and women's volleyball teams. The Toreros compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the West Coast Conference (WCC).

San Diego Toreros men's basketball
For information on all University of San Diego sports, see San Diego Toreros

The San Diego Toreros men's basketball team is the men's college basketball program that represents the University of San Diego (USD). The Toreros compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the West Coast Conference (WCC). The team plays its home games at the Jenny Craig Pavilion.

The Toreros won their first WCC title in 1983–84, when the conference was known as the West Coast Athletic Conference. Jim Brovelli was named the conference coach of the year. The team played in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament in 2008.
Klausen, Germany
Klausen (German pronunciation: [ˈklaʊzn̩] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Esch, Bernkastel-Wittlich
Esch (German pronunciation: [ɛʃ] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Ectotympanic
The ectotympanic, or tympanicum,  is a bony structure found in all mammals, located on the tympanic part of the temporal bone, which holds the tympanic membrane (eardrum) in place. In catarrhine primates (including humans), it takes a tube-shape.  Its position and attachment to the skull vary between primates, and can be either inside or outside the auditory bulla.

It is homologous with the angular bone of non-mammalian tetrapods. When the latter is present, it contacts the entotympanic.

Entotympanic
The entotympanic is a bone found in the ear region of many placental mammals. When present it forms the medioventral part of the auditory bulla; it is a neomorphic element derived from the tubal cartilage and the sheath of the tympanohyal. It is found in a wide variety of placental mammals, including Xenarthra, Afroinsectophilia, Hyracoidea, Pholidota, Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Chiroptera, Dermoptera, and Scandentia; it is (apparently secondarily) reduced or absent in Glires, Primates, Eulipotyphla, and Artiodactyla (including Cetacea). It is the only common neomorphic element of the mammalian skull.

The entotympanic contacts the ectotympanic, with which it makes up the auditory bulla.
Stade Ely Manel Fall
Stade Municipal de Djourbel or Stade Ely Manel Fall is a multi-use stadium in Diourbel (sometimes as Djourbel), Senegal.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and serves as a home ground of ASC SONACOS, also Diamono Diourbel plays at the stadium. The stadium holds 5,000 people.

One of the two continental matches was played at the stadium, the first three were the African Cup of Champions Clubs and the last was the CAF Champions League in 1981, 1984, 1988 and 1997.  The last two were cup competitions played in 2002 and in 2003, the first was the African Cup Winner's Cup and the second was the CAF Cup.

Association sportive et culturelle SONACOS
Association sportive et culturelle SONACOS is a Senegalese football club based in Diourbel, which is part of the Senegal Second League or Ligue 2 (second tier) since mid 2016 after being relegated as they were 13th in Ligue 1 last season.

Djourbel is also sixth in the number of major honours won in Senegal numbering six, shared with AS Police of Dakar and Casa Sports of Ziguinchor, three were won as SEIB and the other three were won as SONACOS.
Hakone
Hakone (箱根町, Hakone-machi) is a town in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the town had a population of 10,965, and total area of 92.82 km2 (35.84 sq mi).

Hakone is a notable spa town and a popular tourist destination due to its many hot springs being within view of nearby Mount Fuji, the most visited mountain in Japan.

Hakone Shrine
The Hakone Shrine (箱根神社, Hakone Jinja) is a Japanese Shinto shrine on the shores of Lake Ashi in the town of Hakone in the Ashigarashimo District of Kanagawa Prefecture.  It is also known as the Hakone Gongen (箱根権現).
Aulacostephanidae
Aulacostephanidae is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod family belonging to the superfamily Perisphinctoidea. These fast-moving nektonic carnivores lived during the Upper Jurassic period, from the Oxfordian to Tithonian ages.

Perisphinctoidea
Perisphinctoidea, formerly Perisphinctaceae, is a superfamily of Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) to Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) ammonites, commonly with evolute shells with  strong ribbing that typically divides about mid flank before crossing the venter.
La Bamba (film)
La Bamba is a 1987 American biographical drama film written and directed by Luis Valdez. The film follows the life and short-lived musical career of American Chicano rock and roll star Ritchie Valens. The film stars Lou Diamond Phillips as Valens, Esai Morales, Rosanna DeSoto, Elizabeth Peña, Danielle von Zerneck and Joe Pantoliano. The film also covers the effect that Valens' career had on the lives of his half-brother Bob Morales, his girlfriend Donna Ludwig, and the rest of his family. The film is titled after a traditional Mexican folk song of the same name, which Valens transformed into a rock and roll rendition in 1958.

In 2017, La Bamba was included in the annual selection of 25 motion pictures added to the National Film Registry of the U.S. Library of Congress being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and recommended for preservation.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Brandenbourg
Brandenbourg (Luxembourgish: Branebuerg; German: Brandenburg [ˈbʁandn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a village in the commune of Tandel, in north-eastern Luxembourg.  It lies in the valley of the Blees river, and is the site of the 10th century Brandenbourg Castle.  As of 2025, the village had a population of 331.

Until 1 January 2006, Brandenbourg was part of the commune of Bastendorf, which was merged with the commune of Fouhren to form the modern commune of Tandel.

Bastendorf
Bastendorf (German pronunciation: [ˈbastn̩ˌdɔʁf]; Luxembourgish: Baastenduerf) is a small town in the commune of Tandel, in north-eastern Luxembourg.  As of 2025, the town has a population of 661.

Bastendorf was a commune in the canton of Diekirch until 1 January 2006, when it was merged with the commune of Fouhren to form the new commune of Tandel, in Vianden.  The law creating Tandel was passed on 21 December 2004.
Surguja district
Surguja district is a district of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The district is one of the oldest districts of Chhattisgarh. The headquarters of the district is Ambikapur.

The district lies in its eponymous Surguja dialectal region (where Surgujia is spoken) and is to the east of the Vindhyachal-Baghelkhand region of peninsular India.

The district spread over a vast mountainous area inhabited by many different people groups such as the Gond, Bhumij, Oraon, Panika, Korwa, Bhuiya, Kharwar, Munda, Chero, Rajwar, Nagesia, Kanwar and Santal.

Rihand River
The Rihand River (also referred to as Renu, Renuka, Rend, Rer or Rehar) is a tributary of the Son River and flows through the Indian states of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Its old name was Renu or Renuka.
Hewlett, New York
Hewlett is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 7,262 at the time of the 2020 census.

Hewlett is usually included as one of the Five Towns in the southwestern corner of Nassau County. In the context of the Five Towns, "The Hewletts" or "Hewlett" is often used to refer collectively to the hamlet of Hewlett, together with the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor and Hewlett Neck, along with Woodsburgh.

Hewlett Bay Park, New York
Hewlett Bay Park is a village located within the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 494 at the time of the 2020 census.

The area, like Back/Old Lawrence is unique because its rural affluence is similar in character to the more well known Gold Coast of the North Shore instead of being more urbanized like the rest of the South Shore of Nassau County.

Hewlett Bay Park is usually included as one of the Five Towns in the southwestern corner of Nassau County. In the context of the Five Towns, "The Hewletts" or "Hewlett" is often used to refer collectively to the hamlet of Hewlett, together with the villages of Hewlett Bay Park, Hewlett Harbor and Hewlett Neck. The Five Towns is usually said to comprise the villages of Lawrence and Cedarhurst, the hamlets of Woodmere and Inwood, and "The Hewletts", along with Woodsburgh.
Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film
The Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film is an annual merit by the Africa Film Academy to recognise the best African films of the preceding year. It was known as the Best Picture award from 2005 to 2011.

Africa Movie Academy Awards
The Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMMA) is an annual entertainment award ceremony, presented to recognize excellence among African and non-African professionals, who have contributed to the African film industry. The award was founded by Peace Anyiam-Osigwe currently run by the Africa Film Academy. It is regarded as one of Africa's most notable film events, and have been sometimes referenced as the "African Oscars".
Pine–cypress forest
Pine–cypress forest is a type of mixed conifer woodland in which at least one species of pine (genus Pinus) and one species of cypress (genus Cupressaceae) are present. Such forests are noted in several parts of the world, but are particularly well studied in Japan, and the United States.

Cypress
Cypress is a common name for species in several genera in the family Cupressaceae. They grow in temperate climates and subtropical regions of Asia, Europe, and North America.

The word cypress is derived from Old French cipres, which was imported from Latin cypressus, the latinisation of the Greek κυπάρισσος (kyparissos). The name derives from Cyparissus, a mythological figure who was turned into a cypress tree after killing a stag.
Bridgton, Maine
Bridgton is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 5,418 at the 2020 census. A resort area in Maine's Lakes Region, Bridgton is home to Bridgton Academy, a private preparatory school, and the Four on the Fourth Road Race.

Bridgton is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

Waterford, Maine
Waterford is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Waterford is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area. The population was 1,570 at the 2020 census. It is a recreation area noted for historic architecture and scenery.
Basque Center for Applied Mathematics
43°16′02″N 2°55′49″W﻿ / ﻿43.267128°N 2.930281°W﻿ / 43.267128; -2.930281

The Basque Center of Applied Mathematics (BCAM) is a research center on applied mathematics, created with the support of the Basque Government and the University of the Basque Country. The BCAM headquarters are in Alda. Mazarredo, 14  in Bilbao, the capital of the province  of Biscay in the Basque Country of northern Spain.

Ikerbasque
Ikerbasque, the Basque Foundation for Science, is a foundation promoted by the Basque Government in 2007 to contribute to the development of scientific research in the Basque Country by attracting researchers of excellence and consolidating careers, as well as actions to boost research. Its first scientific director was Mª Carmen Gallastegui, a professor of economics at the University of the Basque Country. In July 2009, she was replaced by Professor Fernando Cossío.
Ikerbasque celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2017.
Sprinter (cycling)
A sprinter is a road bicycle racer or track racer who can finish a race very explosively by accelerating quickly to a high speed, often using the slipstream of another cyclist or group of cyclists tactically to conserve energy.

Apart from using sprinting as a racing tactic, sprinters can also compete for intermediate sprints (sometimes called primes), often to provide additional excitement in cities along the route of a race. In stage races, intermediate sprints and final stage placings may be combined in a points classification. For example, in the points classification in the Tour de France, the maillot vert (green jersey) is won by the race's most consistent sprinter. At the Tour de France, the most successful recipient of this honor is Slovak sprinter Peter Sagan, who has won seven Tour de France green jerseys (2012–2016, 2018–2019).

Delio Rodríguez
Delio Rodríguez Barros (19 April 1916 – 14 January 1994) was a Spanish professional road racing cyclist and sprinter. Despite winning 12 stages at the 1941 Vuelta and 8 stages at the 1942 Vuelta, Rodríguez failed to make the top five places in the overall standings. Due to World War II, the event was not held in 1943 and 1944, but Rodríguez wanted to win the 1945 event, which he did by going on an early breakaway and winning stage 2 by over a half-hour. In the end, Delio won the event by over 30 minutes, captured six stages and the points classification, too.  At the 1947 Vuelta, he finished on the podium in third, and finished with eight stage wins.

Rodríguez is the all-time record holder for stage wins at the Vuelta a España with 39 stage wins conducted over 5 events. Rodríguez had two younger brothers, Emilio and Manolo that were also professional cyclists. Emilio won the overall race while Manolo came second in the 1950 Vuelta a España.
The Joy Formidable
The Joy Formidable are a Welsh alternative rock band, formed in 2007 in Mold, Flintshire, and currently based in London, England. The band consists of Rhiannon "Ritzy" Bryan (lead vocals, guitar) and Rhydian Dafydd (bass, vocals). The album, Into the Blue, was released in 2021.

The Big Roar
The Big Roar is the debut album by Welsh rock band the Joy Formidable, released in the UK on 24 January 2011 on Atlantic Records, with a US release following on 15 March 2011. The tracks "Austere", "Cradle", "Whirring" and "The Greatest Light Is the Greatest Shade" were originally featured on the band's debut mini album A Balloon Called Moaning. These songs were re-recorded for The Big Roar.
Solon, Iowa
Solon is a city located in Johnson County, Iowa, United States. Part of the Iowa City, Iowa Metropolitan Statistical Area, it is located a few miles from Lake MacBride State Park and the larger cities of Coralville and Iowa City. The population was 3,018 at the time of the 2020 census.

Iowa City metropolitan area
The Iowa City Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Iowa anchored by the city of Iowa City. The Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) had a population of 182,711 people in the 2024 US Census Bureau population estimate. growing 4.16% compared to 2020.

The Iowa City Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is also a part of a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with the nearby Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). This CSA plus two additional counties are known as the Iowa City-Cedar Rapids (ICR) region and collectively have a population of nearly 500,000.
Peniche, Portugal
Peniche (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɨˈniʃɨ] ⓘ), officially the City of Peniche (Portuguese: Cidade de Peniche), is a seaside municipality and a city in the Oeste region, in the historical province of Estremadura, and in the Leiria District. It has 26,431 inhabitants, in an area of 77.55 km2. The city itself has a population of about 15,600 inhabitants.
The present mayor is Filipe Sales, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The idiomatic expression Friend from Peniche, used to describe someone who wants to receive things at the expense of other without giving anything in return, comes from here.

Friend from Peniche
Friend from Peniche (Portuguese: Amigo de Peniche) is an idiomatic expression from Portugal that refers to a disloyal friend who is not to be trusted and is only interested in receiving at the expense of others without offering anything in return.