hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vijaya Wimalaratne
Major General Vanigamuni Indrajith Vijeyakumar Mendis Wimalaratne, RWP, RSP, VSV, USP (Sinhala: විජය විමලරත්න; 25 August 1940 – 8 August 1992) was a senior Sri Lanka Army officer. One of the most distinguished field commanders in Sri Lanka, Wimalaratne raised the Gajaba Regiment. He commanded the 1st Brigade during the Vadamarachchi Operation, the Amphibious Task Force Commander during Operation Balavegaya, and was the Commander Security Forces – Jaffna at the time of his death in a landmine explosion at Point Arali in the Kayts Island while making preparations to re-capture Jaffna.

Gemunu Watch
The Gemunu Watch (GW) ("King Dutugemunu's Own")  is a infantry regiment of the Sri Lanka Army, formed with troops from the Ceylon Light Infantry and the Ceylon Sinha Regiment in 1962. It has been deployed in many major operations against the LTTE. It is made up of 17 regular units, 1 RHQ unit and 9 volunteer units. Headquartered at Kuruwita Army Camp, Ratnapura. It is named after one of the most famous Lankan Kings, King Dutugemunu.
Helmdon
Helmdon is a village and civil parish about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Brackley in West Northamptonshire, England. 
The village is on the River Tove, which is flanked by meadows that separate the village into two. The parish includes the hamlets of Astwell and Falcutt and covers more than 1,550 acres (630 ha). The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 899.

The villages name means 'Helma's valley'. Alternatively, 'Helma (= helmet)' may be the name of a nearby hill. Early spellings also reflect confusion with Old English 'hamol' meaning, 'maimed'.

Astwell
Astwell is a hamlet in Northamptonshire, England. With Falcutt, it is part of the civil parish of Helmdon, but formerly Astwell was split between the parishes of Syresham and Wappenham. The hamlet is 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Brackley and 17+1⁄2 miles (28 km) by road southwest of the county town of Northampton. Today the hamlet contains little more than the Astwell Castle and a mill.
Mexican Federal Highway 22
Federal Highway 22 (Spanish: Carretera Federal 22, Fed. 22) is a toll-free part of the federal highways corridors (Spanish: los corredores carreteros federales) in two improved segments.

Fed. 22 in Baja California Sur runs from Fed. 1 in Ciudad Constitución to Puerto San Carlos. The total length of this segment of the highway is 57 km (35.4 mi).

Fed. 22 in Aguascalientes runs from Fed. 45 in Rincón de Romos to Fed. 25 in Ciénega Grande. The total length of this segment of the highway is 36 km (22.37 mi).

Mexican Federal Highway 25
Federal Highway 25 (Spanish: Carretera Federal 25, Fed. 25) is a toll-free part of the federal highways corridors (Spanish: los corredores carreteros federales). It starts at Fed. 45 in Viñedos Rivier, Aguascalientes, runs east, then runs northeast to San Marcos, Zacatecas, just past Loreto, Zacatecas.

The section of Fed. 25 from Crisóstomos to San Marcos within Zacatecas carries the legal only designation of Federal Highway 66 (Spanish: Carretera Federal 66, Fed. 66).
St. Clair County, Michigan
St. Clair County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan and bordering the west bank of the St. Clair River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 160,383. It is the 13th-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Port Huron, located at the north end of the St. Clair River at Lake Huron. The county was created September 10, 1820, and its government was organized in 1821. It is located northeast of Detroit. It is considered by the State of Michigan to be a part of The Thumb, a peninsula that is surrounded by Lake Huron in the east-central area of the state. This area is sometimes dubbed the Blue Water Area.

Fort Gratiot Township, Michigan
Fort Gratiot Township (/ˈɡræʃɪt/ GRASH-it) is a charter township of St. Clair County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 11,242 at the 2020 Census.  It is named for Fort Gratiot, an American fort located there off and on between 1814 and 1879.
Sheikh Badin National Park
Sheikh Badin National Park (also spelled Sheikh Badddin National Park)  is located near Darra Pezu in the Dera Ismail Khan and Lakki Marwat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is located among the Sheikh Badin Hills, which is an eastern extension of the Sulaiman Mountains. The park was established in 2003 and covers an area of 15,540 hectares. Here live two tribes one of which are mughals who came here after war of independence against Britain in 1857 and the others are syed who claim to be descendants of shiekh Abdul Qadir Jelaani.

During the research of the bird population in the park, 41 species were found, about 3408 individuals. Of these, 18 species were migratory birds.

During research 23 herpetofauna species, including 2 amphibians and 21 reptiles, were observed.

Scientific research work published on the basis of research and identification of flora in the park, revealed 107 plant species.

Dera Ismail Khan District
Dera Ismail Khan District (Urdu and Saraiki: ضلع ڈیره اسماعیل خان, Pashto: دېره اسماعيل خان ولسوالۍ), often abbreviated as D.I. Khan is a district in the Dera Ismail Khan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital of the district is the town of Dera Ismail Khan. The district has an area of 9,334 km2 (3,604 sq mi) and a population of 1,822,916 as of the 2023 Census.
After the Second Anglo-Sikh war in 1849 the district (which was then part of the Punjab) was annexed by
the East India Company and then became part of British India. In 1901 the district became part of the North-West Frontier Province when the province was created from the North-western territories of the Punjab. This province was later renamed to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Dera Ismail Khan is now one of its 38 districts.
Brecon Mountain Railway
The Brecon Mountain Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Fynydd y Bannau) is a 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in (603 mm) narrow gauge tourist railway on the south side of the Brecon Beacons in Wales. It climbs northwards from Pant along the full length of the Pontsticill Reservoir (also called 'Taf Fechan' reservoir by Welsh Water) and continues past the adjoining Pentwyn Reservoir to Torpantau railway station. The railway's starting point at Pant is located two miles (3 km) north of the town centre of Merthyr Tydfil.

Brecon Beacons
The Brecon Beacons (Welsh: Bannau Brycheiniog; [ˈbanai̯ brəˈχei̯njɔɡ] ⓘ) are a mountain range in Wales. The range includes South Wales's highest mountain, Pen y Fan (886 metres (2,907 ft)), its twin summit Corn Du (873 metres (2,864 ft)), and Craig Gwaun Taf (826 metres (2,710 ft)), which are the three highest peaks in the range. The Brecon Beacons have given their name to the larger Brecon Beacons National Park, and the range itself is therefore sometimes known as the Central Beacons to differentiate the two.
Sarnano
Sarnano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Macerata.

Sarnano borders the following municipalities: Amandola, Bolognola, Fiastra, Gualdo, Montefortino, San Ginesio. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Private press
Private press publishing, with respect to books, is an endeavor performed by craft-based expert or aspiring artisans, either amateur or professional, who, among other things, print and build books, typically by hand, with emphasis on design, graphics, layout, fine printing, binding, covers, paper, stitching, and the like.

Doves Press
The Doves Press was a private press based in Hammersmith, London. During nearly seventeen years of operation, Doves Press produced notable examples of twentieth-century typography. A distinguishing feature of its books was a specially-devised typeface, known variously as Doves Roman, Doves Press Fount of Type, or simply Doves Type.
Rockport Music
Rockport Music is a presenting organization in Rockport, Massachusetts, bringing music and other artistic programming in variety of genres to audiences in the greater Boston area and the Massachusetts North Shore. Founded in 1981 as the Rockport Chamber Music Festival, Rockport Music has been under the artistic direction of violinist/violist Barry Shiffman since 2017. From 1995-2017, the Festival was under the artistic direction of pianist David Deveau. In Summer 2010 the organization completed construction on a year-round permanent home, the Shalin Liu Performance Center.  Situated on the Atlantic coast, one hour north of Boston, Rockport has long been a destination for seaside tourism and historically a fishing village and artist colony.

Rockport, Massachusetts
Rockport is a seaside town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,992 in 2020. Rockport is located approximately 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Boston, at the tip of the Cape Ann peninsula. Rockport borders Gloucester to its west, and is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean in all other directions.

Part of the town comprises the census-designated place of Rockport.
Moduli space
In mathematics, in particular algebraic geometry, a moduli space  is a geometric space (usually a scheme or an algebraic stack) whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind, or isomorphism classes of such objects.  Such spaces frequently arise as solutions to classification problems:  If one can show that a collection of interesting objects (e.g., the smooth algebraic curves of a fixed genus) can be given the structure of a geometric space, then one can parametrize such objects by introducing coordinates on the resulting space.  In this context, the term "modulus" is used synonymously with "parameter"; moduli spaces were first understood as spaces of parameters rather than as spaces of objects. A variant of moduli spaces is formal moduli. Bernhard Riemann first used the term "moduli" in 1857.

David Mumford
David Bryant Mumford (born 11 June 1937) is an American mathematician known for his work in algebraic geometry and then for research into vision and pattern theory. He won the Fields Medal and was a MacArthur Fellow. In 2010 he was awarded the National Medal of Science. He is currently a University Professor Emeritus in the Division of Applied Mathematics at Brown University.
Pedro Gibert (footballer)
Pedro Gibert Requesens (15 February 1888 – 9 October 1966) was a Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was nicknamed "Grapes" because he allowed himself the luxury of blocking the ball with one hand. He was considered the best Catalan goalkeeper of his time and one of the first great idols of Espanyol. He was the idol of the great Ricardo Zamora.

Catalan football championship
The Catalan football championship (Campionat de Catalunya) was a football competition in Catalonia and the first football league in Spain before La Liga was established in 1929.

In December 1900, Alfons Macaya, the president of Hispania AC, offered a trophy (the Copa Macaya) to be contested by several football teams from Spain. The league was played between 1901 and 1940 and was cancelled in Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
S v Thebus
S v Thebus and Another is a 2003 decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa in the area of criminal law and criminal procedure. The court unanimously affirmed that the doctrine of common purpose was compatible with the Constitution, upholding two murder convictions on that basis. However, the court was also called to determine whether it is compatible with the constitutional right to silence for courts to draw an adverse inference from a criminal defendant's failure to disclose an alibi before trial. On that further question, the court was divided.

Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa
Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa contains the Bill of Rights, a human rights charter that protects the civil, political and socio-economic rights of all people in South Africa. The rights in the Bill apply to all law, including the common law, and bind all branches of the government, including the national executive, Parliament, the judiciary, provincial governments, and municipal councils. Some provisions, such as those prohibiting unfair discrimination, also apply to the actions of private persons.
PSNI F.C.
PSNI Football Club is an intermediate Northern Irish football club that plays in the Mid-Ulster Football League Intermediate B division. The club is associated with the Police Service of Northern Ireland, and its home ground is Newforge Lane in Belfast.

Newforge Lane
Newforge Lane is a private-members' country club for members of the RUC Athletic Association, located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It hosts multiple sports facilities, principally the football stadium, which serves as the home ground of the Police Service of Northern Ireland Football Club. From 2003-11, Queen's University Football Club also used Newforge Lane as its home ground.
Isoetes stephanseniae
Isoetes stephanseniae, the granite quillwort, is a species of quillwort from South Africa, named for A. J. Stephansen, who discovered it in 1927. Of very limited distribution, it is known to survive only as one population in seasonal pools over granite near Stellenbosch, where it is threatened by the encroachment of alien species and eutrophication from the sewage works on whose grounds it grows. Like other quillworts, it bears a tuft of leaves with distinctively sculpted megaspores. It is most similar to Isoetes capensis, the cape quillwort, which occurs in the same province; both hold their leaves at a 45-degree angle, unlike most South African quillworts which have leaves stiffly erect.

Isoetes
Isoetes, commonly known as the quillworts, is a genus of lycopod. It is the only living genus in the family Isoetaceae and order Isoetales. As of 2016, there were about 200 recognized species, with a cosmopolitan distribution mostly in aquatic habitats but with the individual species often scarce to rare. Species virtually identical to modern quillworts have existed since the Jurassic epoch, though the timing of the origin of modern Isoetes is subject to considerable uncertainty.

The name of the genus may also be spelled Isoëtes. The diaeresis (two dots over the e) indicates that the o and the e are to be pronounced in two distinct syllables. Including this in print is optional; either spelling (Isoetes or Isoëtes) is correct.
Support Our Scouts Act
The Support Our Scouts Act of 2005 was passed as part of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2006 (Public Law 109-148, Division A, Title VIII, Sec. 8126) to prevent Local, State and Federal agencies from reducing their support for the Boy Scouts of America (and other youth organization).  The bill was passed in the wake of a number of controversies involving the Boy Scouts of America, such as their exclusion of gays and atheists, and subsequent attempts to limit government support of the organization.

Public Law 109-148
Public Law 109-148 is an appropriations bill enacted by the 109th United States Congress and signed into law by president George W. Bush on December 30, 2005.

It includes:

The Support Our Scouts Act

The Detainee Treatment Act

The Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2006

The Higher Education Hurricane Relief Act of 2005

The Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act to Address Hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and Pandemic Influenza, 2006

The Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act
Stegodyphus
Stegodyphus is a genus of velvet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1873. They are distributed from Africa to Europe and Asia, with one species (S. manaus) found in Brazil. The name is derived from Ancient Greek στέγω (stegos), meaning "covered".

Velvet spider
Velvet spiders (family Eresidae) are a small group (about 100 species in 9 genera) of spiders almost entirely limited to the Old World, with the exception of one species known from Brazil. In Europe, some are commonly called the ladybird spiders.
Johannes Werner
Johann(es) Werner (Latin: Ioannes Vernerus; February 14, 1468 – May 1522) was a German mathematician. He was born in Nuremberg, Germany, where he became a parish priest.  His primary work was in astronomy, mathematics, and geography, although he was also considered a skilled  instrument maker.

Prosthaphaeresis
Prosthaphaeresis (from the Greek προσθαφαίρεσις) was an algorithm used in the late 16th century and early 17th century for approximate multiplication and division using formulas from trigonometry. For the 25 years preceding the invention of the logarithm in 1614, it was the only known generally applicable way of approximating products quickly. Its name comes from the Greek prosthen (πρόσθεν) meaning before and aphaeresis (ἀφαίρεσις), meaning taking away or subtraction.

In ancient times the term was used to mean a reduction to bring the apparent place of a moving point or planet to the mean place (see Equation of the center).
Nicholas Copernicus mentions "prosthaphaeresis" several times in his 1543 work De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium, to mean the "great parallax" caused by the displacement of the observer due to the Earth's annual motion.
2012 Winston-Salem Open
The 2012 Winston-Salem Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 44th edition of the Winston-Salem Open, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, from August 19 through August 25, 2012. It was the last event on the 2012 US Open Series before the 2012 US Open. John Isner won the singles title.

2012 ATP World Tour
The 2012 ATP World Tour was the global elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2012 tennis season. The 2012 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the ATP World Team Championship, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP World Tour Finals, and the tennis event at the London Summer Olympic Games. Also included in the 2012 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Soi Cowboy
Soi Cowboy (Thai: ซอยคาวบอย, RTGS: Soi Khaoboi, pronounced [sɔ̄ːj kʰāːw.bɔ̄ːj]) is a short street (soi) in Bangkok, Thailand. It is 150 metres (160 yards) long and is the location of around 40 commercial establishments, mostly go-go bars. It caters mainly to tourists and expatriates. Soi Cowboy contains one of the three largest groups of foreign-oriented bars in Bangkok, the other two being Patpong and Soi Nana Tai.

Nana Plaza
Nana Plaza (formerly Nana Entertainment Plaza) is an entertainment complex and red-light district in Bangkok, Thailand. Originally built as a shopping center, Nana Plaza occupies a three-story commercial building in the Khlong Toei District of Bangkok about 300 metres (330 yd) from the BTS Skytrain's Nana Station. It describes itself as the "worlds largest adult playground". Its name originates from the influential, property-holding Nana family, Lek Nana being the most prominent member.

Along with Soi Cowboy and Patpong, Nana Plaza is one of Bangkok's three most concentrated red-light districts. All attract primarily tourists.
Genus of a multiplicative sequence
In mathematics, a genus of a multiplicative sequence is a ring homomorphism from the ring of smooth compact manifolds up to the equivalence of bounding a smooth manifold with boundary (i.e., up to suitable cobordism) to another ring, usually the rational numbers, having the property that they are constructed from a sequence of polynomials in characteristic classes that arise as coefficients in formal power series with good multiplicative properties.

Pontryagin class
In mathematics, the Pontryagin classes, named after Lev Pontryagin, are certain characteristic classes of real vector bundles. The Pontryagin classes lie in cohomology groups with degrees a multiple of four.
Waseca, Saskatchewan
Waseca (2016 population: 149) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Eldon No. 471 and Census Division No. 17. Waseca is located on Highway 16, the Yellowhead Highway, in the west central part of Saskatchewan. Waseca is located east of Lashburn and west of Maidstone.

Division No. 17, Saskatchewan
Division No. 17 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the west-northwest part of the province, bordering Alberta. The most populous community in this division is the interprovincial city of Lloydminster. Another important population centre is the town of Meadow Lake.
Holmen IF
Holmen Idrettsforening is a Norwegian sports club from Holmen in northern Asker, Norway. It has sections for football, handball, and cross-country skiing. Its home ground is Holmen idrettspark.

The club was founded in 1918, at that time having sections for football, athletics and ski jumping. More sports were later added to the club, notably ice hockey as Holmen IF was one of the founding members of the Norwegian Ice Hockey Federation in 1934, as well as tennis. Another local sports club Hvalstad IF was merged into Holmen IF some time after 1945. In 1997 the tennis section broke away to form Holmen TK, and the same thing happened to the ice hockey section in 1998.

Holmen Hockey
Holmen Hockey (also known as the Holmen Red Eagles) is the ice hockey division of Holmen IF based in Asker, Norway. The club currently participates in the Second Division, the third level of Norwegian ice hockey. They play their home games at Holmen Ishall.
Las Bela (princely state)
Las Bela (Urdu: لسبیلہ) was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India (later a princely state of Pakistan) which existed until 1955. The state occupied an area of 18,254 km2 (7,048 sq mi) in the extreme southeast of the Balochistan region, with an extensive coastline on the Arabian Sea to the south. Las Bela was bordered by the princely states of Kalat and Makran to the north and west. To the east lay the province of Sind and to the southeast lay the Federal Capital Territory around the city of Karachi.

Princely states of Pakistan
The Princely States of Pakistan (Urdu: پاکستان کی نوابی ریاستیں) were princely states of the British Indian Empire which acceded to the new Dominion of Pakistan in 1947 and 1948, following the partition of British India and its independence.

At the time of the withdrawal of British forces from the subcontinent on 15 August 1947, West Pakistan was less than half of its ultimate size. The princely states were incorporated following a year of negotiations and interventions.