hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Hedley
William Hedley (13 July 1779 – 9 January 1843) was born in Newburn, near Newcastle upon Tyne. He was one of the leading industrial engineers of the early 19th century, and was instrumental in several major innovations in early railway development. While working as a 'viewer' or manager at Wylam Colliery near Newcastle upon Tyne, he built the first practical steam locomotive which relied simply on the adhesion of iron wheels on iron rails.

John Blenkinsop
John Blenkinsop (1783 – 22 January 1831) was an English mining engineer and an inventor of steam locomotives, who designed the first practical railway locomotive.

He was born in Felling, County Durham, the son of a stonemason and was apprenticed to his cousin, Thomas Barnes, a Northumberland coal viewer. From 1808 he became agent to Charles John Brandling, who owned collieries on his Middleton estate near Leeds and whose family came from Felling. From then until his death, Blenkinsop lived at Middleton Hall on Town Street, Middleton, built in the 17th century as the Brandling family's Middleton home (they used the far more modern Middleton Lodge when visiting from their Tyneside homes).
Yāska
Yāska (7th–5th century BCE) was an ancient Indian grammarian and Vedic linguist. Preceding Pāṇini (7th–4th century BCE), he is traditionally identified as the author of Nirukta, the discipline of "etymology" (explanation of words) within the Sanskrit grammatical tradition, and the Nighantu, the oldest proto-thesaurus in India. Nirukta is one of the six Vedāṅgas (limbs of the Veda) in Hinduism. Yaska is widely regarded as the precursive founder of the discipline of what would become etymology in both the East and the West.

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Play Ball (manga)
Play Ball (Japanese: プレイボール, Hepburn: Purei Bōru) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Akio Chiba. It was serialized in Shueisha's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1973 to 1978, with its chapters collected in twenty-two tankōbon volumes.

A sequel, Play Ball 2, illustrated by Yūji Moritaka, was published in Grand Jump from April 5, 2017, to May 6, 2021, and collected into twelve volumes.

The manga was adapted into a two-season anime television series co-produced by Eiken and Magic Bus, which aired on several Japanese television stations as well as the anime satellite television network Animax from July to September 2005 (1st season) and from January to March 2006 (2nd season).

The series was released concurrently with Chiba's other major work, Captain, the other series for which he won the 22nd Shogakukan Manga Award for shōnen in 1977.

Eiken (studio)
Eiken Co., Ltd. (株式会社エイケン, Kabushiki gaisha Eiken) is a Japanese anime studio in Arakawa, Tokyo, Japan. The company was formerly known as Television Corporation of Japan Co., Ltd. or TCJ before the sales division spun off to form Zuiyo Eizo. As a result, it changed its name in 1969 to Eiken. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of ADK Emotions.
Malswick
Malswick is a village in the civil parish of Newent, in the Forest of Dean district, in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It contains the ground for the Newent FC.

The village formerly had a railway station, Malswick Halt, a request stop on the former Ledbury and Gloucester Railway.

In 2022, the Herefordshire and Gloucestershire Canal Trust began a project to restore the canals at the village.

In 1870-72 the tything had a population of 225.

Forest of Dean District
Forest of Dean is a local government district in west Gloucestershire, England, named after the Forest of Dean. Its council is based in Coleford. Other towns and villages in the district include Blakeney, Cinderford, Drybrook, English Bicknor, Huntley, Littledean, Longhope, Lydbrook, Lydney, Mitcheldean, Newnham and Newent.
Michael Conlan (boxer)
Michael John Conlan (born 19 November 1991) is an Irish professional boxer from Northern Ireland.

A world, European, and Commonwealth champion (representing Northern Ireland at the latter), and an Olympic bronze medallist, Conlan turned professional in 2016 after the 2016 Olympic Games after controversy over his loss. He was RTÉ Sports Person of the Year in 2015.

Duke Micah
Duke Akueteh Micah (born 16 September 1991) is a Ghanaian professional boxer who challenged for the WBO bantamweight title in September 2020. At regional level, he held multiple bantamweight titles, including the Commonwealth title in 2016. As an amateur he represented Ghana at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Electric Butte
Electric Butte is an unofficially named 6,400-foot (2,000-metre) mountain summit near the western edge of the North Cascades, in Whatcom County of Washington state. It is located north of Marblemount and Logger Butte, within North Cascades National Park. The nearest higher neighbor is Canadian Bacon, 1.44 mi (2.32 km) to the north, with Bacon Peak,   2.01 mi (3.23 km) to the northwest. Precipitation runoff from Electric Butte drains into tributaries of the Skagit River.

Bacon Peak
Bacon Peak is a mountain located in North Cascades National Park, in the Cascade Range in the U.S. state of Washington. Its glaciers cover 1.2 square miles (3.2 km2); the three main glaciers are Diobsud Creek Glacier (southeast, 1.6 miles (2.5 km) wide), Green Lake Glacier (northeast, 1.3 miles (2.1 km) wide) and Noisy Creek Glacier (northwest, 0.9 miles (1.4 km) long).
High-dynamic-range rendering
High-dynamic-range rendering (HDRR or HDR rendering), also known as high-dynamic-range lighting, is the rendering of computer graphics scenes by using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios. Video games and computer-generated imagery, movies, and visual effects benefit from this as it creates more realistic scenes than with more simplistic lighting models. HDRR was originally required to tone map the rendered image onto Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) displays, as the first HDR capable displays did not arrive until the 2010s. However, if a modern HDR display is available, it is possible to instead display the HDRR with even greater contrast and realism.

Graphics processor company Nvidia summarizes the motivation for HDRR in three points: bright things can be really bright, dark things can be really dark, and details can be seen in both.

Source (game engine)
Source (also referred to as Source 1) is a 3D game engine developed by Valve. It debuted as the successor to GoldSrc in 2004 with the releases of Half-Life: Source, Counter-Strike: Source, and Half-Life 2. Valve used Source in many of their games in the following years, including Team Fortress 2, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, Dota 2, and the Portal and Left 4 Dead franchises. Other notable third-party games using Source include most games in the Titanfall franchise, Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines, Dear Esther, The Stanley Parable and Garry’s Mod. Valve continues to support several Source games into the present day, and would incrementally release new branches of the engine until it was succeeded by Source 2 in 2015.
Poydras, Louisiana
Poydras is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 3,886 at the 2000 census and 2,536 in 2020. It is part of the New Orleans–Metairie metropolitan statistical area. Poydras is on the East Bank of the Mississippi River, just upriver from the Plaquemines Parish line.

St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana
St. Bernard Parish (French: Paroisse de Saint-Bernard; Spanish: Parroquia de San Bernardo) is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat and largest community is Chalmette. The parish was formed in 1807. St. Bernard Parish is part of the New Orleans–Metairie metropolitan statistical area; the parish is located southeast of the city of New Orleans and comprises the Chandeleur Islands and Chandeleur Sound in the east.

St. Bernard was the fastest growing parish in Louisiana from 2010 to 2020, increasing from a population of 35,897 in the 2010 census to 43,764 in 2020. It remains at less than two-thirds of its 2000 population of 67,229, prior to Hurricane Katrina.
Liberty, Saskatchewan
Liberty (2016 population: 78) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Big Arm No. 251 and Census Division No. 11. The village is located along Highway 2, 120 km (75 mi) north of the City of Regina.

Division No. 11, Saskatchewan
Division No. 11 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the central part of the province and includes the largest city in the province, Saskatoon.
Charters Towers Police Station
Charters Towers Police Station is a heritage-listed police station at 49 Gill Street, Charters Towers City, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Thomas Pye and built in 1910 by T Johnson. It is also known as Police Barracks. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Charters Towers City, Queensland
Charters Towers City (formerly Lissner) is the central suburb and central business district of the town of Charters Towers in the Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Charters Towers City had a population of 2,219 people.
William J. Hoynes
William James Hoynes (1846 – 1933) was an Irish-American professor and academic who was the dean of the law department at the University of Notre Dame. He was also a veteran of the American Civil War, newspaper editor, lawyer, and was "famed as a philosopher, legal writer, linguist and … raconteur [who could] tell war stories or lecture a class in law, in Latin, Greek, Hebrew and half the modern languages in Europe with amazing facility."

Notre Dame Law School
Notre Dame Law School is the law school of the University of Notre Dame.  Established in 1869, it is the oldest continuously operating Catholic law school in the United States.

The school enrolls about 600 students and in addition to the J.D. degree it also offers dual JD–MBA and several a dual J.D. and Masters combined degrees (including JD/MS, JD/MA, JD/M.Eng.). It also offers the only American Bar Association–approved, year-long, study-abroad program, which is based in London.
Spec Ops (series)
Spec Ops is a series of tactical shooter video games. The first two games were developed by Zombie Studios, while Runecraft assisted development on the next three games, and the sixth game in 2002 developed by Big Grub. The seventh and final game developed by Yager Development released in 2012.

The first two games were published by Ripcord Games, with the following three published by Take-Two Interactive, and the sixth game in 2002 published by Gotham Games.

The series was revived 10 years later in 2012 as a third-person cover shooter with Yager Development taking over development and 2K Games taking over publishing.

Spec Ops II: Green Berets
Spec Ops II: Green Berets is a tactical shooter video game developed by Zombie Studios and published by Ripcord Games exclusively for Microsoft Windows. It is the second game in the Spec Ops series. A remake was released in 2000 for the Dreamcast entitled Spec Ops II: Omega Squad.
Sečovlje Saltpans Natural Park
Sečovlje Saltpans Natural Park (Slovene: Krajinski park Sečoveljske soline, Italian: Parco ambientale delle saline di Sicciole) is a  landscape park in southwestern Slovenia covering the area of Sečovlje Saltpans near the village of Sečovlje. The salt evaporation pond covers an area of 16.1 hectares (40 acres), while saltworks lie along the mouth of the Dragonja River, covering an area of 650 hectares (1,600 acres).

Dragonja
The Dragonja (pronounced [dɾaˈɡoːnja]; Italian: Dragogna) is a 30-kilometre (19 mi) long river in the northern part of the Istrian peninsula. It is a meandering river with a very branched basin and a small quantity of water. It has a pluvial regime and often dries up in summer. It features very diverse living environments and is home to a number of animal and plant species. The Dragonja has been a matter of a territorial dispute between Croatia and Slovenia, with its lowest portion de facto the border of the two countries.
Bryan Lopez
Bryan Steven López González (born June 12, 1988) is an American soccer player who plays a goalkeeper. He last played for Cedars Star Academy in the Cosmopolitan Soccer League.

He is son of former Paraguayan footballer, Pedro López, who played for the Paraguay national football team during the 1980s. Lopez was the second Paraguayan American to play football in Paraguay, which had been preceded by Jerry Laterza (1994–1995), and played in the Copa Libertadores and for clubs as Sportivo Luqueño, Fernando de la Mora, Presidente Hayes and Sportivo San Lorenzo. Between 2007 and 2014, Lopez endured sufficiently to perpetuate in the Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol as one of few non-CONMEBOL players to do this, and holds the longest participation as a CONCACAF footballer in Paraguayan football.

He achieved a runners-up position with his club in the final stages of the 2018 NPSL season.

Paraguayan Americans
Paraguayan Americans (Spanish: paraguayo-americano, norteamericano de origen paraguayo or estadounidense de origen paraguayo) are Americans of Paraguayan descent.

The Paraguayan population in the United States at the 2010 Census was 24,933. Paraguayans are the smallest Hispanic group in the United States. The Paraguayan population is concentrated mainly in Queens, NY, Westchester County, NY, and Somerset County, NJ. Additional areas of concentration include Miami-Dade County and Montgomery County. The highest concentration of Paraguayans in the U.S. reside in Somerset County, NJ.
Samuel Van Leer
Captain Samuel Van Leer (January 7, 1747 – October 15, 1825) was a military officer from Pennsylvania who served as a captain in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War and as a lieutenant in the Chester County Light Horse Volunteers from 1781 to 1785. After his retirement from the military, he owned the Reading Furnace ironworks.

He was a member of the influential Van Leer family. His father Bernardhus Van Leer was an early settler of the Province of Pennsylvania. He married the sister of American Revolutionary War General Anthony Wayne. His son Isaac Van Leer was a U.S. Congressman.

Van Leer family
The Van Leer family, originally spelled Von Lohr, is an influential German–American family that emigrated to the Province of Pennsylvania in the 17th century from the Electorate of Hesse near Isenberg, Germany. The family made their fortune in the United States through the ironworks business. The  family includes American business owners, academics, civil rights activists, women's rights activists, university founders, inventors, politicians, and military officers. Earlier spellings include Von Leer, Von Lohr, and the ancient surname Valär.
John Hicks
Sir John Richard Hicks (8 April 1904 – 20 May 1989) was a British economist. He is considered one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century. The most familiar of his many contributions in the field of economics were his statement of consumer demand theory in microeconomics, and the IS–LM model (1937), which summarised a Keynesian view of macroeconomics.  His book Value and Capital (1939) significantly extended general-equilibrium and value theory.  The compensated demand function is named the Hicksian demand function in memory of him.

In 1972 he received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (jointly)  for his pioneering contributions to general equilibrium theory and welfare theory.

Mr. Keynes and the "Classics"
John Hicks's 1937 paper Mr. Keynes and the "Classics"; a suggested interpretation is the most influential study of the views presented by J. M. Keynes in his General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money of February 1936. It gives "a potted version of the central argument of the General Theory" as an equilibrium specified by two equations (shown as intersecting curves in the IS-LM diagram) which dominated Keynesian teaching until Axel Leijonhufvud published a critique in 1968. Leijonhufvud's view that Hicks misrepresented Keynes's theory by reducing it to a static system was in turn rejected by many economists who considered much of the General Theory to be as static as Hicks portrayed it.

James Tobin described the IS-LM model as:

... the tool of first resort. If you are faced with a problem of interpretation of the economy – policy or events – probably the first thing you can do is to try to see how to look at it in these [IS-LM] terms.
Bari Sardo
Bari Sardo (Sardinian: Barì; Latin: Custodia Rubriensis) is municipality (Italian: comune) in the Province of Ogliastra in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 120 km northeast of Cagliari and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Tortolì.

Bari Sardo borders the municipalities of Cardedu, Ilbono, Lanusei, Loceri, and Tortolì.

Loceri
Loceri is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ogliastra in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Cagliari and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Tortolì. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,290 and an area of 19.3 square kilometres (7.5 mi2).

Loceri borders the following municipalities: Bari Sardo, Ilbono, Lanusei, Osini, Tertenia.
Kii-Nagashima, Mie
Kiinagashima (紀伊長島町, Kiinagashima-chō) (or Kii-Nagashima) was a town located in Kitamuro District, Mie Prefecture, Japan. On October 11, 2005, Kiinagashima, along with the town of Miyama (also from Kitamuro District), was merged to create the town of Kihoku.

In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 10,617 and a population density of 96.10 per square kilometre (248.9/sq mi). The total area was 110.48 square kilometres (42.66 sq mi).

Miyama, Mie
Miyama (海山町, Miyama-chō) was a town located in Kitamuro District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

A referendum was held and rejected in 2001 among the town's population on whether a nuclear power plant should be built nearby to act as a method to improve the town.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,963 and a density of 68.08 persons per km2. The total area was 146.35 km2.

On October 11, 2005, Miyama, along with the town of Kiinagashima (also from Kitamuro District), was merged to create the town of Kihoku.

Miyama, now Kihoku, is in the south of Mie Prefecture. The World Heritage Site Kumano Kodo is located in the former town of Miyama. "Kumano" stands for the city's name. "Kodo" means an old street which is laid along mountain. Miyama is known for its fresh fish. The most well-known local food is saury sushi.
Adenanthos ileticos
Adenanthos ileticos is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It has roughly triangular, lobed leaves, and pale pink-red and cream, inconspicuous flowers. A rare species, it is known only from a single location in the south-west of Western Australia. It was discovered in 1968, and immediately brought into cultivation, but it would not be formally published and named until a decade later.

Adenanthos sect. Adenanthos
Adenanthos sect. Adenanthos is a taxonomic section of the flowering plant genus Adenanthos (Proteaceae). It comprises 29 species. The centre of diversity is southwest Western Australia, with two species extending into South Australia and western Victoria.
129th (Wentworth) Battalion, CEF
The 129th (Wentworth) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Dundas, Ontario, the unit began recruiting in late 1915 in Wentworth County.  After sailing to England in August 1916, the battalion was absorbed into the 123rd and 124th Battalions, CEF and the 12th Reserve Battalion in October 1916.  The 129th (Wentworth) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. W. E. S. Knowles.

The 129th Battalion was first perpetuated by The Wentworth Regiment and is now perpetuated by The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment).

The aviator Robert Dodds was a member of the battalion.

Levi Turkey was a member who was First Nations from Six Nations of the Grand River a part of Upper Mohawk, turtle clan.

Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment)
The Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (Wentworth Regiment) (RHLI) is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army, based at John Weir Foote VC Armoury in Hamilton, Ontario. The RHLI is part of 31 Canadian Brigade Group, which is part of 4th Canadian Division.
Carmen de Carupa
Carmen de Carupa is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Ubaté Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The municipality, located in the Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense borders San Cayetano in the west, Tausa and Sutatausa in the south, Ubaté and Susa in the east and Simijaca and Buenavista and Coper (Boyacá) in the north.

Tausa
Tausa (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtawsa]) is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Ubaté Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. Tausa is and was an important town on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense due to its salt mine. It was the third most prolific salt deposit for the original inhabitants of the area; the Muisca. Tausa's urban centre is located at an elevation of 2,950 metres (9,680 ft) (other parts of the municipality reach elevations of 3,700 metres (12,100 ft)) and a distance of 65 kilometres (40 mi) from the capital Bogotá. The municipality borders San Cayetano, Carmen de Carupa and Sutatausa in the north, Pacho in the west, Sutatausa, Cucunubá and Suesca in the east and in the south with Nemocón and Cogua.
Shirikti-shuqamuna
Širikti-šuqamuna, inscribed phonetically in cuneiform mši-rik-ti-dšu-qa-mu-nu and meaning “gift of (the god) Šuqamuna”, c. 981 BC, succeeded his fellow “son of Bazi,” Ninurta-kudurrῑ-uṣur I, as 3rd king of the Bῑt-Bazi or 6th Dynasty of Babylon and exercised the kingship for just 3 months, an insufficient time to merit an official regnal year.

Ninurta-kudurri-usur I
Ninurta-kudurrῑ-uṣur I, “Ninurta protect my offspring/border” (the ambiguity may be intentional), c. 983–981 BC, was the second king of the Bῑt-Bazi or 6th Dynasty of Babylon and he reigned for three years, according to the King List A, while the Dynastic Chronicle records that he ruled for just two years. This was during an era of economic and political retrenchment.