hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dolaucothi Estate
The Dolaucothi Estate (also Dolaucothy) is situated about 1 mile (1.6 km) north-west of the village of Caio up the Cothi Valley in the community of Cynwyl Gaeo, in Carmarthenshire, Wales. Dolaucothi means ‘the meadows of the Cothi’.

The medieval manor house overlooking the fast-flowing River Cothi was rebuilt by the Johnes family and, in 1873, the estate encompassed 3,172 acres (1,284 ha). The park is registered at Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. The house was demolished in 1952.

Dolaucothi House could be approached by two drives of considerable length, that to the east skirting the Roman gold mines (Ogofau, near Pumsaint), while that to the west was flanked by four lines of ancient oaks — the "very noble oaks" remarked upon by George Borrow (1803–1881) after walking along the avenue in 1854 for a glimpse of the house, charmed by the thought that "he had never seen a more pleasing locality".

James Hills-Johnes
Lieutenant-General Sir James Hills-Johnes, VC, GCB, JP, DL (20 August 1833 – 3 January 1919) was a British Indian Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Thelosia
Thelosia is a genus of moths of the family Apatelodidae. It was first described in 1896 by William Schaus, containing at the time three species: Thelosia phalaena, T. camina and T. truvena. Since then, several additional species have been described.

Apatelodidae
Apatelodidae, the American silkworm moths, is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera. They are a family within the superfamily Bombycoidea, though they have in the past been considered a subfamily of Bombycidae.
UEFA Nations League
The UEFA Nations League is an international friendly European football competition played by the senior men's national teams of the member associations of UEFA, the sport's European governing body. The competition was devised to minimise friendlies and give nations competitive encounters with equally ranked teams. Teams from all the European associations compete in a league structure featuring promotion and relegation.

The first tournament was in September 2018, with the four group winners from League A qualifying for the first finals, played in Portugal in June 2019. The host team, Portugal defeated the Netherlands in the final to become the inaugural competition winners. In 2021 France won the trophy by beating Spain in the host country, and Italy achieved 3rd place by beating Belgium. In the 2023 tournament, Spain won by beating Croatia on penalties. The current champions are Portugal, who defeated holders Spain in the 2025 final to secure their second title.

2024–25 UEFA Nations League
The 2024–25 UEFA Nations League is the fourth season of the UEFA Nations League tournament, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the member associations of UEFA. The competition is being held from September to November 2024 (league phase), March 2025 (League A quarter-finals and both League A/B and B/C play-offs), June 2025 (Nations League Finals), and March 2026 (League C/D play-offs).

Spain were the defending champions, having won the 2023 finals.
Ghoriwala
Ghoriwala (Pashto: غوري واله, romanized: ġwary wala, pronounced [/ɣoˈri wɑlə/] pronounceⓘ; Urdu: غوریوالہ, romanized: Ghuriwala, pronounced [/ɣoːriː wɑːlə/] pronounceⓘ) also called Ghariwola (Pashto: غاريوله, romanized: Gariwola, pronounced [/ɣɑːrjoːla/] pronounceⓘ)  is a town and union council in Bannu District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Its history and name is sometimes linked with the famous Muslim King Sultan Muhammad Ghori. The area is mostly inhabited by Mughal Khel branch of Yousafzai Pashtuns.

Bannu
Bannu (Urdu: بنوں, romanized: bannū̃, pronounced [bənːũː] ⓘ), also called Bani Gul or Bani (Pashto: باني, romanized: bānī, pronounced [ˈbɑni] ⓘ) is a city located on the Kurram River in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is the capital of Bannu Division. Bannu's residents are primarily members of the Banuchi tribe and speak Banuchi (Baniswola), a dialect of Pashto which is similar to the distinct Waziristani dialect. The residents regardless of their tribes are commonly called Banusi, Banuchi or Banisi.

The major industries of Bannu are cloth weaving, sugar mills and the manufacturing of cotton fabrics, machinery and equipment. It is famous for its weekly Jumma fair. The district forms a basin drained by the Kurram and Gambila (or Tochi) rivers.
Hrafnagaldr Óðins
Hrafnagaldr Óðins ('Odin's raven-galdr') or Forspjallsljóð ('prelude poem') is an Icelandic poem in the style of the Poetic Edda. It is preserved only in late paper manuscripts. In his influential 1867 edition of the Poetic Edda, Sophus Bugge reasoned that the poem was a 17th-century work, composed as an introduction to Baldrs draumar. Since then it has not been included in editions of the Poetic Edda and not been extensively studied.
But prior to Bugge's work the poem was considered a part of the Poetic Edda and included, for example, in the English translations of A. S. Cottle (1797) and Benjamin Thorpe (1866) as well as Karl Simrock's influential German translation (1851). In 1852, William and Mary Howitt characterized it as "amongst the most deeply poetical and singular hymns of the Edda".

Poetic Edda
The Poetic Edda is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse.  It is distinct from the closely related Prose Edda, although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse poetry. Several versions of the Poetic Edda exist; especially notable is the medieval Icelandic manuscript Codex Regius, which contains 31 poems.
Hooghly River
The Hooghly River (/ˈhuːɡli/; Bengali: Hugli [ˈɦuɡli]) is the westernmost distributary of the Ganges, situated in West Bengal, India. It is known in its upper reaches as the Bhagirathi. The Bhagirathi splits off from the main branch of the Ganges at Giria. A short distance west, it meets the man-made Farakka Feeder Canal, which massively increases its flow. The river then flows south to join the Jalangi at Nabadwip, where it becomes the Hooghly proper. The Hooghly continues southwards, passing through the metropolis of Kolkata. Thereafter, it empties into the Bay of Bengal. Its tributaries include the Ajay, Damodar, Rupnarayan, and Haldi.

The Hooghly has religious significance as Hindus consider the river sacred. It also plays a major role in the agriculture, industry, and climate of the state.

Haldi River
The Haldi is a tributary of Hooghly River flowing through Purba Medinipur district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The Keleghai joins the Kansai at Tangrakhali under Nandakumar Police Station in Tamluk subdivision. The combined stream is called Haldi River. At 24 kilometres (15 mi) long, the Haldi is the last major river to flow into the Hooghly before the latter flows into the sea. The Haldi joins the Hooghly at the industrial town of Haldia.
Naif
Naif (pronounced [naːˈiːf], Arabic: نايف) is a locality in Deira side of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is a commercial and residential locality. Considering the nearby localities, Naif is larger in size. It is one of the oldest localities. The residents of this locality are mainly South Asians. The coordinates of Naif are N 25.27153° and E 55.30512°.

Naif has the second-highest population density of all communities in Dubai (after Ayil Nasir).

Ayal Nasir
Eyal Nasser (Arabic: عيال ناصر) is a locality in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).  Eyal Nasser is located in the heart of Deira in eastern Dubai.  Eyal Nasser is bordered to the west by Al Dhagaya, the east by Al Murar, the south by Naif and to the north by the Deira Corniche.

The local road system in Eyal Nasser follows the grid plan. Even-numbered roads run east–west through the community (from 2nd Street to 20th Street), while odd-numbered roads run north–south (from 1C Street to 23rd Street).  Like its neighbouring communities, Eyal Nasser is largely residential.  Its location provides easy access to Dubai Creek and to Deira's central business district.  Eyal Nasser has the highest population density of all communities in Dubai, and the second highest in the world.
Cucujoidea
Cucujoidea is a superfamily of beetles. This group formerly included all of the families now included in the superfamily Coccinelloidea. They include some fungus beetles and a diversity of lineages of "bark beetles" unrelated to the "true" bark beetles (Scolytinae), which are weevils (superfamily Curculionoidea).

Coccinelloidea
Coccinelloidea is a superfamily of beetles in the order Coleoptera, formerly included in the superfamily Cucujoidea. There are more than 10,000 species in Coccinelloidea, including more than 6000 in the lady beetle family Coccinellidae.
Glengarriff
Glengarriff (Irish: An Gleann Garbh, meaning 'the rough glen') is a village of approximately 200 people on the N71 national secondary road in the Beara Peninsula  of County Cork, Ireland. Known internationally as a tourism venue, it has a number of natural attractions. It sits at the northern head of Glengarriff Bay, a smaller enclave of Bantry Bay.

At 18 kilometres (11 mi) northwards along the N71 road from Bantry, and 33 kilometres (21 mi) eastwards along the R572 road Castletownbere, it is a common stopping-point along the routes around the area.

Garnish Island
Garinish or Garnish Island (Irish: Garinis) (also known as Ilnacullin) is an island in Glengarriff Bay, an inlet of Bantry Bay, near the shore of the Beara Peninsula in County Cork, Ireland.  It is a tourist attraction with walled gardens and a Martello tower.
Nikki, Benin
Nikki [ni.ki] is a town, arrondissement, and commune located in the Borgou Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 3171 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 99,251 people.

Nikki is a major centre of the Batonuo people and is home to a traditional king, resident in the centre of the town. The Gaani royal festival is held in the town annually. Before the colonial era, Nikki was one of the main political centers of the Borgu federation.

Parakou
Parakou [pa.ʁa.ku] is the largest city in northern Benin, and the third-largest city in the country, with an estimated population of 206,667 people, and capital of the Borgou Department. Administratively, the commune of Parakou makes one of Benin's 77 communes.
Rotary Rocket
Rotary Rocket Company was a rocketry company that developed the Roton helicopter-rocket hybrid concept in the late 1990s as a fully reusable single-stage-to-orbit (SSTO) crewed spacecraft. The design was initially conceived by Bevin McKinney, who shared it with Gary Hudson. In 1996, Rotary Rocket Company was formed to commercialize the concept. The Roton was intended to reduce costs of launching payloads into low Earth orbit by a factor of ten.

The company gathered considerable venture capital from angel investors and opened a factory headquartered in a 45,000-square-foot (4,200 m2) facility at Mojave Air and Space Port in Mojave, California. The fuselage for their vehicles was made by Scaled Composites, at the same airport, while the company developed the novel engine design and helicopter-like landing system. A full-scale test vehicle made three hover flights in 1999, but the company exhausted its funds and closed in early 2001.

Helicopter rotor
On a helicopter, the main rotor or rotor system is the combination of several rotary wings (rotor blades) with a control system, that generates the aerodynamic lift force that supports the weight of the helicopter, and the thrust that counteracts aerodynamic drag in forward flight. Each main rotor is mounted on a vertical mast over the top of the helicopter, as opposed to a helicopter tail rotor, which connects through a combination of drive shaft(s) and gearboxes along the tail boom. The blade pitch is typically controlled by the pilot using the helicopter flight controls. Helicopters are one example of rotary-wing aircraft (rotorcraft). The name is derived from the Greek words helix, helik-, meaning spiral; and pteron meaning wing.
Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
Alexandros Rizos Rangavis or Alexander Rizos Rakgabis (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος Ῥίζος Ῥαγκαβής; French: Alexandre Rizos Rangabé; 27 December 1809 – 28 June 1892), was a Greek man of letters, poet and statesman.

First Athenian School
The term First Athenian School (Greek: Α΄ Αθηναϊκή Σχολή) denotes the literary production in Athens between 1830 and 1880. After Greek Independence, the basic intellectual centres of the Greek world were the Ionian Islands (with the Heptanese School) and Athens, the capital of the new Greek Kingdom. Many of the leading members of the First Athenian School were of Phanariote origin, whence it is sometimes referred to as the Phanariotic School (Φαναριωτική Σχολή).

The main element of the school was Romanticism. The New Athenian School developed as a reaction against the First Athenian School from the 1880s on.
The Miracle Worker (1962 film)
The Miracle Worker is a 1962 American biographical film about Anne Sullivan, blind tutor to Helen Keller, directed by Arthur Penn. The screenplay by William Gibson is based on his 1959 play of the same title, which originated as a 1957 broadcast of the television anthology series Playhouse 90. Gibson's secondary source material was The Story of My Life, the 1903 autobiography of Helen Keller.

The film went on to be an instant critical success and a moderate commercial success. The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Director for Arthur Penn, and won two awards, Best Actress for Anne Bancroft and Best Supporting Actress for Patty Duke, the latter of whom, at age 16, became the youngest competitive Oscar winner at the time.

In 2024, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Osborne Reynolds
Osborne Reynolds FRS (23 August 1842 – 21 February 1912) was an Irish-born British innovator in the understanding of fluid dynamics. Separately, his studies of heat transfer between solids and fluids brought improvements in boiler and condenser design. He spent his entire career at what is now the University of Manchester.

Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society
The Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, popularly known as the Lit. & Phil., is one of the oldest learned societies in the United Kingdom and second oldest provincial learned society (after the Spalding Gentlemen's Society).

Prominent members have included Robert Owen, John Dalton, James Prescott Joule, Sir William Fairbairn, Tom Kilburn, Peter Mark Roget, Sir Ernest Rutherford, Alan Turing, Sir Joseph Whitworth and Dorothy Hodgkin.
ARINC 429
ARINC 429, the "Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS)," is the ARINC technical standard for the predominant avionics data bus used on most higher-end commercial and transport aircraft. It defines the physical and electrical interfaces of a two-wire data bus and a data protocol to support an aircraft's avionics local area network.

Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet
Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX), also ARINC 664, is a data network, patented by international aircraft manufacturer Airbus, for safety-critical applications that utilizes dedicated bandwidth while providing deterministic quality of service (QoS). AFDX is a worldwide registered trademark by Airbus. The AFDX data network is based on Ethernet technology using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The AFDX data network is a specific implementation of ARINC Specification 664 Part 7, a profiled version of an IEEE 802.3 network per parts 1 & 2, which defines how commercial off-the-shelf networking components will be used for future generation Aircraft Data Networks (ADN). The six primary aspects of an AFDX data network include full duplex, redundancy, determinism, high speed performance, switched and profiled network.
Cynodontia
Cynodontia (from Ancient Greek  κύων (kúōn) 'dog' and  ὀδούς (odoús) 'tooth') is a clade of eutheriodont therapsids that first appeared in the Late Permian (approximately 260 mya), and extensively diversified after the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Mammals are cynodonts, as are their extinct ancestors and close relatives (Mammaliaformes), having evolved from advanced probainognathian cynodonts during the Late Triassic.

Non-mammalian cynodonts occupied a variety of ecological niches, both as carnivores and as herbivores. Following the emergence of mammals, most other cynodont lines went extinct, with the last known non-mammaliaform cynodont group, the Tritylodontidae, having its youngest records in the Early Cretaceous.

Traversodontidae
Traversodontidae is an extinct family of herbivorous cynodonts. Traversodonts were primarily Gondwanan, with many species known from Africa and South America. Recently, traversodonts have also been found from Europe and North America. Traversodonts first appeared in the Middle Triassic and diversified in the Late Triassic before going extinct at the end of the epoch. The family Traversodontidae was erected by Friedrich von Huene in 1936 for cynodonts first found in São Pedro do Sul in Paleorrota, Brazil.
Warren Anderson (Australian businessman)
Warren Perry Anderson (born 1942) is an Australian businessman and speculative investor whose net worth in 1990 was estimated by BRW at $190 million, although the following year he was reported to have debts of $500 million, and filed for bankruptcy.

He has been a principal in major developments in Perth, Darwin and Melbourne. He has owned properties such as The Marritz Hotel Perisher Valley, Boomerang, a mansion in Sydney's eastern suburbs, and Tipperary, a premier cattle and crop station in the Northern Territory. He has claimed to have been unfairly stripped of A$50 million in the course of the WA Inc bailout of Rothwells, and was involved in the collapse of Firepower International.

Brookfield Place (Perth)
Brookfield Place is a skyscraper within the Brookfield Place office complex in Perth, Western Australia. It is currently the second tallest building in Western Australia. It is located at 125 St Georges Terrace.

Construction commenced in April 2008 and was completed in 2012. The project is estimated to have cost around A$500 million. The major tenant is BHP; other tenants include PwC, Allianz, Barrick Gold, Navitas and Servcorp.

Developers Brookfield lodged a development application for the second stage of Brookfield Place in July 2011, for a 30,000-square-metre (320,000 sq ft) 16-storey office tower to be situated to the south of the main tower fronting Mounts Bay Road. Tower 2 was completed in 2015, with major tenants including Multiplex, Westpac, Wesfarmers, Ashurst, Corrs Chambers Westgarth and Deloitte.

Retail tenants in the Brookfield Place complex include Montblanc and Daniel Hechter.
Shakti
Shakti (Devanagari: शक्ति, IAST: Śakti; lit. 'energy, ability, strength, effort, power, might, capability') in Hinduism, is the "Universal Power" that underlies and sustains all existence. Conceived as feminine in essence, Shakti as devi refers to the personified energy or power of a male deity, often personified as the complementary force of the given Hindu god.

In Tantric Shaktism, Shakti is the foremost deity, akin to Brahman. In Puranic Hinduism, Shiva and Shakti are the masculine and feminine principles that are complementary to each other. The female deity is prakriti, the active, dynamic and creative principle. The male deity is purusha, the passive, unchanging and observing principle. The interaction of both principles is what creates the universe.

The term Shakta is used for the description of people associated with Shakti worship. The Shakta pithas are shrines, which are believed to be the sacred seats of Shakti.

Kalika Purana
The Kalika Purana (Sanskrit: कालिकापुराणम्, Kālikā Purāṇa), also called the Kali Purana, Sati Purana or Kalika Tantra, is one of the eighteen minor Puranas (Upapurana) in the Shaktism tradition of Hinduism. The text was likely composed in Assam or Cooch Behar
region of India and is attributed to the sage Markandeya. It exists in many versions, variously organized in 90 to 93 chapters. The surviving versions of the text are unusual in that they start abruptly and follow a format not found in either the major or minor Purana-genre mythical texts of Hinduism. Various types of animal sacrifices for devi are detailed in the Purana.
Ifield, West Sussex
Ifield is a former village and now one of 14 neighbourhoods within the town of Crawley in West Sussex, England. Ifield is in the west of the town and is bordered by Ifield West, Horsham, Langley Green to the north east, West Green to the east across the ring road and Gossops Green and Bewbush to the south across the Arun Valley railway line.

Langley Green, West Sussex
Langley Green is a one of 14 neighbourhoods within the town of Crawley in West Sussex, England. Langley Green is in the north-west of the town and is bordered by Manor Royal to the east, Northgate to the south east, West Green to the south across the ring road and Ifield to the west. The main streets running through the community are Stagelands, Martyrs Avenue and Langley Drive. Many of the streets are named after trees and plants (Honeysuckle Lane, Hawthorn Close) animals (Hare Lane, Fox Close) or birds (Jackdaw Close, Swallow Road, Raven Lane). A small shopping parade, St Leonards Church, The Dr. Johnson Pub and Langley Green Primary School formed the centre of the community.
2004–05 Turkish Cup
The 2004–05 Turkish Cup was the 43rd edition of the annual tournament that determined the association football Super League (Süper Lig) Turkish Cup (Turkish: Türkiye Kupası) champion under the auspices of the Turkish Football Federation (Turkish: Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu; TFF). Galatasaray successfully contested over their archrivals Fenerbahçe 5–1 in the final. The results of the tournament also determined which clubs would be promoted or relegated.

2005 Turkish Cup final
The 2005 Turkish Cup final was a football match played on 11 May 2005 at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul between Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe. It was the final and deciding match of the 2004–05 Türkiye Kupası (Turkish Cup).

Galatasaray won the match 5-1 for their 14th title.
IBM Research
IBM Research is the research and development division for IBM, an American multinational information technology company. IBM Research is headquartered at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, near IBM headquarters in Armonk, New York. It is the largest industrial research organization in the world with operations in over 170 countries and twelve laboratories on six continents.

IBM employees have garnered six Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, 20 inductees into the U.S. National Inventors Hall of Fame, 19 National Medals of Technology, five National Medals of Science and three Kavli Prizes. As of 2018, the company had generated more patents than any other business in each of 25 consecutive years.

IBM Toyosu Facility
IBM Toyosu Facility, located in Toyosu, Kōtō-ku, Tokyo, Japan, is one of the two largest facilities occupied by IBM in Tokyo, the other being IBM Hakozaki Facility. It mainly houses IBM's research and development, and delivery functions. The building is owned by Nippon Building Fund, affiliated to Mitsui Bank, and was built in 2004.