hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NeXT character set
The NeXT character set (often aliased as NeXTSTEP encoding vector, WE8NEXTSTEP or next-multinational) was used by the NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP operating systems on NeXT workstations beginning in 1988. It is based on Adobe Systems' PostScript (PS) character set aka Adobe Standard Encoding where unused code points were filled up with characters from ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1), although at differing code points.

OpenStep
OpenStep is an object-oriented application programming interface (API) specification developed by NeXT. It provides a framework for building graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and developing software applications. OpenStep was designed to be platform-independent, allowing developers to write code that could run on multiple operating systems, including NeXTSTEP, Windows NT, and various Unix-based systems. It has influenced the development of other GUI frameworks, such as Cocoa for macOS, and GNUstep.

OpenStep was principally developed by NeXT and Sun Microsystems, to allow advanced application development on Sun's operating systems, specifically Solaris. NeXT produced a version of OpenStep for its own Mach-based Unix OS, stylized in all capital letters as OPENSTEP. The software libraries that shipped with OPENSTEP are a superset of the original OpenStep specification, including many features from the original NeXTSTEP.
Nicoll Russell Studios
Nicoll Russell Studios is an architecture practice based in Dundee, Scotland.

The firm was established in 1982 by Andrew Nicoll and Ric Russell as a result of the completion of Dundee Repertory Theatre.

The Dundee Repertory Theatre received the practice's first Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) Award. The practice has since won a number of awards including RIBA, National Civic Trust, Dynamic Place and Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland (RIAS) Awards.

Dundee Repertory Theatre
Dundee Repertory Theatre, better known simply as the Dundee Rep, is a theatre and arts company in Dundee, Scotland. It operates as both a producing house with some shows co-produced by other theatres and a receiving house – hosting work from visiting companies throughout Scotland and the United Kingdom including drama, musicals, contemporary & classical dance, children's theatre, comedy, jazz and opera. It is home to Scotland's principal contemporary dance company, Scottish Dance Theatre. 'The Rep' building is located in Tay Square at the centre of the city’s "cultural quarter" in the West End.
Spormaggiore
Spormaggiore (Sporgrànt or Spór in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Trento. As of October 2011, it had a population of 1,259 and an area of 30.2 square kilometres (11.7 mi2).

Spormaggiore borders the following municipalities: Tuenno, Ton, Campodenno, Sporminore, Mezzolombardo, Fai della Paganella, Cavedago and Molveno.

Tuenno
Tuenno (Nones: Tuèn) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,291 and an area of 70.7 square kilometres (27.3 sq mi). It was merged with Tassullo and Nanno on January 1, 2016, to form a new municipality, Ville d'Anaunia.

Tuenno borders the following municipalities: Campodenno, Cles, Cunevo, Denno, Dimaro, Flavon, Molveno, Spormaggiore and Terres.
Masunga
Masunga /ˈmɑːsuŋɡʌ/ is a Bakalanga settlement in the North-East District of Botswana. The village is the Headquarters of the North East District. The nearest city is Francistown which is about 120 km (75 mi) away. The Chief of the region is Kgosi Thabo Maruje Masunga III, who took over from his uncle Christopher Masunga.

Near Masunga are the hills of Domboshaba, which hold a ruined outpost of the Kalanga Empire, more like Great Zimbabwe (Mutapa). It is one of the tourist attractions in Botswana where a yearly Ikalanga cultural ceremony takes place.

The language spoken in the North East Region is Kalanga, not Tswana like the rest of Botswana. Kalanga is closely related to Shona, the main language of Zimbabwe.

North-East District (Botswana)
The North-East District is one of the administrative districts of Botswana. Its capital is Francistown. In 2011, North-East had a population of 60,264 people. The district is predominantly occupied by Kalanga-speaking people, the BaKalanga. The district is administered by a district administration and district council, which are responsible for local administration.

In the north and east, the district borders the Matabeleland South Province of Zimbabwe, and the border in the east is predominantly along the Ramokgwebana River. In the south and west, the district borders the Central District along the Shashe River.
Astraeus morganii
Astraeus morganii is a species of false earthstar in the family Diplocystaceae. The fungus is found in the central to southern United States, extending southwards to Mexico. It is closely related to Astraeus pteridis, but has smaller fruit bodies and larger spores. The specific epithet honors American botanist Andrew Price Morgan.

Astraeus (fungus)
Astraeus is a genus of fungi in the family Diplocystaceae. The genus, which has a cosmopolitan distribution, contains nine species of earthstar mushroom. They are distinguished by the outer layer of flesh (exoperidium) that at maturity splits open in a star-shape manner to reveal a round spore sac. Additionally, they have a strongly hygroscopic character—the rays will open when moist, but when hot and dry will close to protect the spore sac. Species of Astraeus grow on the ground in ectomycorrhizal associations with trees and shrubs. Despite their similar appearance to the Geastrum earthstars, the species of Astraeus are not closely related.
Lizmark
Juan Baños (December 18, 1950 – December 16, 2015) was a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler better known by the ring name Lizmark. The name was taken from the German battleship Bismarck. He was a multiple-time champion, having held singles and tag team championships in both Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre / Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (EMLL/CMLL) and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA). In 2001, Lizmark was inducted into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame. His nickname was El Geniecillo Azul, which is Spanish for "The Little Blue Genius". He has two sons who are also professional wrestlers, Lizmark, Jr. and El Hijo de Lizmark.

CMLL World Trios Championship
The CMLL World Trios Championship (Spanish: "Campeonato Mundial de Trios") is a professional wrestling championship promoted by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in Mexico. The title has existed since 1991 and is contested for by teams of three wrestlers.

The first champions were Los Infernales ("The Infernal Ones"; MS-1, Pirata Morgan and El Satánico) who won a tournament on November 22, 1991. Since then 28 trios have held the championship. The current champions are El Sky Team (Máscara Dorada, Místico and Neón). They won the titles by defeating Los Infernales (Euforia, Averno and Mephisto) at Viernes Espectacular on May 16, 2025, in Mexico City, Mexico. The championship has been vacated on four occasions, each time leading to CMLL holding a tournament to determine new champions. Only two teams have held the title on more than one occasion, Los Infernales and the trio of Héctor Garza, Hijo del Fantasma and La Máscara.
Breguzzo
Breguzzo (Bregucc in local dialect) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Trento. It was merged with Bondo, Lardaro and Roncone on January 1, 2016, to form a new municipality, Sella Giudicarie.

Sella Giudicarie
Sella Giudicarie is a comune in the northern Italian province of Trento of the Trentino Alto Adige region. It was created on 1 January 2016 after the merger of the communes of Bondo, Breguzzo, Lardaro and Roncone.
WCLU (AM)
WCLU (1490 AM) is a radio station licensed to Glasgow, Kentucky, United States, and serving Bowling Green, and the Caveland area of south-central Kentucky. The station is owned by Commonwealth Broadcasting and airs in an adult contemporary format. The station's studios, shared with sister stations WLYE-FM, WLLI, W239BT, and WHHT, are located at the Commerce Plaza Building on the Public Square in downtown Glasgow.

WLYE-FM
WLYE-FM (94.1 MHz) is a radio station broadcasting a classic country format. Licensed to Glasgow, Kentucky, United States, the station serves the Bowling Green area.  The station is currently owned by Commonwealth Broadcasting, and features programming from Fox News Radio.

The station's studios and offices are located at 902 West Main Street in downtown Glasgow. WLYE's transmitter is located on the southeastern outskirts of the city off Kentucky Route 90.
Saukampen (Nord-Fron)
Saukampen is a mountain in Nord-Fron Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,659-metre (5,443 ft) tall mountain is located about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the town of Vinstra and about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southwest of the village of Sjoa. The mountain Heidalsmuen lies 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the west of Saukampen.

Nord-Fron Municipality
Nord-Fron is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Vinstra. Other population centers in the municipality include the villages of Fefor, Kvam, and Skåbu.

The 1,141-square-kilometre (441 sq mi) municipality is the 95th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Nord-Fron Municipality is the 174th most populous municipality in Norway, with a population of 5,553. The municipality's population density is 4.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi), and its population has decreased by 3.1% over the previous 10-year period.
Canvey Island Independent Party
The Canvey Island Independent Party (CIIP) is a local political party active on Canvey Island, in Essex, England. It was established in 2004 by Labour councillor Dave Blackwell to campaign for a separate district council for Canvey Island.

Borough of Castle Point
Castle Point is a local government district with borough status in south Essex, England, lying around 30 miles (48 km) east of London. The borough comprises the towns of South Benfleet, Hadleigh and Thundersley (where the council is based) on the mainland, and the adjoining Canvey Island in the Thames Estuary, which is connected to the mainland by bridges.

The borough borders the City of Southend-on-Sea to the east, Rochford District to the north, the Borough of Basildon to the west, and the Thurrock unitary authority area to the south-west, across Holehaven Creek.
Leptoceratopsidae
Leptoceratopsidae is an extinct family of neoceratopsian dinosaurs from Asia, North America and possibly Europe. Leptoceratopsids resembled, and were closely related to, other neoceratopsians, such as the families Protoceratopsidae and Ceratopsidae, but they were more primitive and generally smaller.

Protoceratopsidae
Protoceratopsidae is a family of basal (primitive) ceratopsians from the Late Cretaceous period. Although ceratopsians have been found all over the world, protoceratopsids are only definitively known from Cretaceous strata in Asia, with most specimens found in China and Mongolia. As ceratopsians, protoceratopsids were herbivorous, with constantly replacing tooth batteries made for slicing through plants and a hooked beak for grabbing them. Protoceratopsids were small ceratopsians around 1–2.5 m (3 ft 3 in – 8 ft 2 in) in length. Their bony frill and horns were much smaller than more derived members of Ceratopsia, such as ceratopsids.
Archdiocese of Benevento
The Archdiocese of Benevento (Latin: Archidioecesis Beneventana) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church. It currently has five suffragan dioceses: the diocese of Ariano Irpino-Lacedonia, the diocese of Avellino, the diocese of Cerreto Sannita-Telese-Sant'Agata de' Goti, the Territorial Abbey of Montevergine, and the archdiocese of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi-Conza-Nusco-Bisaccia.

Territorial Abbey of Montevergine
The  Territorial Abbey of Montevergine  (Latin: Territorialis Abbatia Montisvirginis) is a Latin Church territorial abbey located in the commune of Montevergine in the ecclesiastical province of Benevento in Italy.

About 1120 William of Vercelli founded an abbey of eremitic inspiration dedicated to the Holy Virgin. It was consecrated in 1124 on Mons Sacer, so called because of the ruins of a temple of Cybele. Catherine of Valois and her son, Louis I of Naples, are buried in the abbey. The new basilica, built in 1961, is home to a 13th-century Byzantine icon of a black Madonna.
In 1926 it was established as the Territorial Abbacy of Montevergine.
Mørsvikbotn
Mørsvikbotn or Mørsvik (Norwegian) or Murgos (Lule Sami) is a small village located in the north part of Sørfold Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village sits at the end of the Mørsvikfjorden arm of the Nordfolda fjord. The European route E6 highway passes through the village. The lakes Mørsvikvatnet and Sildhopvatnet are located northeast of the village. Mørsvikbotn has a school, shops, grocery, Mørsvikbotn Chapel, an aquaculture co-op, and a few camping sites.

The village is centered around the farm Mørsvik at the end of the fjord, known as Mørsvikbotn, so the larger village area is also known as Mørsvikbotn. The local name in the Lule Sami language is Murgos for the farm and village area.

Mørsvikbotn Chapel
Mørsvikbotn Chapel (Norwegian: Mørsvikbotn kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Sørfold Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Mørsvikbotn. It is an annex chapel in the Sørfold parish which is part of the Salten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1955. The chapel seats about 140 people.
Plöcken Pass
Plöcken Pass (German: Plöckenpass, Italian: Passo di Monte Croce Carnico) is a high mountain pass in the Carnic Alps mountain range at the border between the Austrian state of Carinthia and the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy. It links the market town of Kötschach-Mauthen in the Carinthian Gail Valley with the Paluzza municipality in the Carnia region of Friuli.

A few miles to the west along the ridge is Mt. Coglians, with 2,780 m (9,121 ft) the highest peak of the Carnic and Gailtal Alps. Before reaching the upper Gail Valley, the pass road also crosses the lower Gailbergsattel at 981 m (3,219 ft) in the north.

Carnia
Carnia (Friulian: Cjargne or Cjargna/Cjargno in local variants, Venetian: Ciargna, German: Karnien, Slovene: Karnija) is a historical-geographic region in the northeastern Italian area of Friuli. Its 27 municipalities all belong to the province of Udine, which itself is part of the autonomous Friuli-Venezia Giulia region.
Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency
The Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency was a five-member group representation constituency (GRC) in central, eastern and north-eastern Singapore. It covered sections of the planning areas of Bedok, Geylang, Kallang, Marine Parade, Serangoon and Hougang. At abolition, it had five divisions: Marine Parade, Geylang Serai, Braddell Heights, Joo Chiat and Kembangan–Chai Chee, managed by Marine Parade Town Council.

Hougang
Hougang (locally /ˌ(h)aʊˈkɑːŋ, -ʌŋ/ (h)ow-KUNG), archaically spelt Aukang, is a planning area and mature residential town located in the North-East Region of Singapore. It is the largest housing estate in Singapore based on land area, and is home to 247,528 residents as of 2018. Hougang planning area is bordered by Sengkang to the north, Geylang to the south, Bedok to the southeast, Toa Payoh to the southwest, Serangoon to the west and Paya Lebar to the east.
Catarratto
Catarratto is a white Italian wine grape planted primarily in Sicily where it is the most widely planted grape. Catarratto can make full bodied wines with lemon notes. In the Etna DOC, the grape is often blended with Minella bianca and Carricante.

Minella bianca
Minella bianca is a white Italian wine grape variety that is indigenous to the island of Sicily where it is grown in the foothills of Mount Etna. The name Minella is derived from the Sicilian word minna (or "small breast") to which the berries have some resemblance due to their elongated shape. Minella bianca is very rarely seen as a varietal and is most often used in field blends with Carricante and Catarratto bianco.
Cinte Tesino
Cinte Tesino (Sinte, Zinte, Thinte or Finte in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 392 and an area of 25.9 square kilometres (10.0 mi2).

Cinte Tesino borders the following municipalities: Canal San Bovo, Pieve Tesino, Castello Tesino, Scurelle, Lamon, Ospedaletto, and Grigno.

Ospedaletto, Trentino
Ospedaletto (Ospedaléto in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 807 and an area of 16.8 square kilometres (6.5 mi2).

Ospedaletto borders the following municipalities: Pieve Tesino, Cinte Tesino, Ivano-Fracena, Villa Agnedo, Grigno and Asiago.
Attribution (law)
The doctrine of attribution is a legal doctrine by which liability is extended to a defendant who did not actually commit the criminal act.: 347  : 665  Examples include vicarious liability (when acts of another are imputed or "attributed" to a defendant), attempt to commit a crime (even though it was never completed), and conspiracy to commit a crime (when it is not completed or which is committed by another in the conspiracy).: 665

Vicarious liability
Vicarious liability is a form of a  strict, secondary liability that arises under the common law doctrine of agency, respondeat superior, the responsibility of the superior for the acts of their subordinate or, in a broader sense, the responsibility of any third party that had the "right, ability, or duty to control" the activities of a violator. It can be distinguished from contributory liability, another form of secondary liability, which is rooted in the tort theory of enterprise liability because, unlike contributory infringement, knowledge is not an element of vicarious liability. The law has developed the view that some relationships by their nature require the person who engages others to accept responsibility for the wrongdoing of those others. The most important such relationship for practical purposes is that of employer and employee.
Japan Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Workers' Unions
The Japan Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Workers' Unions (Japanese: 造船重機労連, Zosenjukiroren) was a trade union representing workers in manufacturing industries in Japan.

The union was founded in 1972 on the initiative of the General Federation of Ship Building Workers' Unions.  The union initially included 74 company unions, and it affiliated to the Japanese Confederation of Labour.  By 1987, the union had 127,000 members.  That year, it joined the new Japanese Trade Union Confederation.

In 2003, the union merged with the Japanese Federation of Iron and Steel Workers' Unions and the Japanese Metal Mine Workers' Union, to form the Japan Federation of Basic Industry Workers' Unions.

General Federation of Ship Building Workers' Unions
The General Federation of Ship Building Workers' Unions (Zosensoren) was a trade union representing workers in the shipbuilding industry in Japan.

The union was established in 1951.  It was affiliated with the Japanese Federation of Labour, and by 1958 had 28,462 members.  Next, it became affiliated with the Japanese Confederation of Labour, and by 1967 had grown to 58,344 members.

The union was keen on merging with smaller competitors.  In 1972, it achieved this, when it joined the new Japan Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Workers' Unions.
Ferrara
Ferrara (/fəˈrɑːrə/; Italian: [ferˈraːra] ⓘ; Emilian: Fràra [ˈfraːra]) is a city and comune (municipality) in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, capital of the province of Ferrara. As of 2016, it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated 44 kilometres (27 miles) northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km (3 miles) north. The town has broad streets and numerous palaces dating from the Renaissance, when it hosted the court of the House of Este. For its beauty and cultural importance, it has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

Francesco del Cossa
Francesco del Cossa (c. 1430 – c. 1477) was an Italian Renaissance painter of the School of Ferrara, who after 1470 worked in Bologna. Cossa is best known for his frescoes, especially his collaboration with Cosimo Tura on a cycle of the months in the Palazzo Schifanoia of the Este family, rulers of Ferrara. Otherwise, his paintings are mostly of religious subjects, with some portraits and drawings attributed to him. He also designed stained glass.
Township High School District 211
Township High School District 211 is a school district located in Cook County, Illinois, and is the largest high school district in Illinois. District 211 serves the communities of Hoffman Estates, Inverness, Palatine, and Schaumburg, and portions of Arlington Heights, Elk Grove, Hanover Park, Roselle,  Rolling Meadows, Streamwood, and South Barrington in the northwest suburbs of Chicago.

Hoffman Estates, Illinois
Hoffman Estates is a village mostly in Cook County, Illinois, United States with a very small portion in Kane County, Illinois. It is a suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, the population was 52,530.

The village previously served as the headquarters for Sears and is one of the American headquarters for Mori Seiki. Now Arena, home of the Windy City Bulls of the NBA G League, is located in the village. Between 2006 and 2009, the village hosted the Heartland International Tattoo, one of the largest music and dance festivals of its kind in the Midwest.
Counties of Moldova
Between 1999 and February 2002, Moldova was divided into 12 territorial units, including 1 municipality, 1 autonomous territorial unit, 1 territorial unit, and 9 counties (Romanian: județe; seats in brackets):

Chișinău municipality, surrounded by Chișinău County, but different from it

Bălți County (Bălți)

Cahul County (Cahul)

Chișinău County (Chișinău)

Edineț County (Edineț)

Lăpușna County (Hîncești)

Orhei County (Orhei)

Soroca County (Soroca)

Tighina County (Căușeni)

Ungheni County (Ungheni)

Găgăuzia, autonomous territorial unit (Comrat)

Stânga Nistrului, territorial unit (Dubăsari)

In October 1999 a Taraclia County was split out from the Cahul County; it coincides with the current Taraclia District.

Soroca County (Moldova)
Soroca County was a county (Romanian: județ) in Moldova from 1998 to 2003. It bordered Ukraine, and within Moldova, the counties of Edineț, Bălți, and Orhei, and the region of Transnistria. Its capital was the city of Soroca.
Marion Barton Skaggs
Marion Barton Skaggs (April 5, 1888 – May 8, 1976) was an American businessman and leading member of the Skaggs Family of retailers who expanded the predecessor of Safeway into a major supermarket chain.

Safeway
Safeway, Inc. is an American supermarket chain that provides grocery items and general merchandise along with various specialty departments such as bakery, delicatessen, floral, and pharmacy, as well as Starbucks coffee shops and vehicle fuel centers. Safeway's primary base of operations is in the Western United States, with some stores located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Eastern Seaboard.

It is a subsidiary of Albertsons after being acquired by private equity investors led by Cerberus Capital Management in January 2015. The subsidiary is headquartered in Pleasanton, California.