hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon
Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon (22 November 1693–27 May 1775) was a daughter of Louis III de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, and his wife, Louise Françoise de Bourbon, légitimée de France, a legitimised daughter of King Louis XIV and his famous mistress, Madame de Montespan.

She was the wife of Louis Armand II de Bourbon, Prince of Conti. It was Louise Élisabeth who presented Madame de Pompadour to the court of King Louis XV. Louise Élisabeth was the Duchess of Étampes in her own right, having succeeded to the title at the death of her aunt, Marie Anne de Bourbon, Dowager Duchess of Vendôme. The county of Sancerre, previously held by her brother Louis Henri I, Prince of Condé, also became her property in 1740 at his death.

François Louis, Prince of Conti
François Louis de Bourbon, le Grand Conti (30 April 1664 – 22 February 1709), was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother, Louis Armand de Bourbon, in 1685. Until this date, he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was proclaimed as the King of Poland in 1697. He is the most famous member of the Conti family, a cadet branch of the Princes of Condé. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a prince du sang.
River Falls (Clarksville, Indiana)
River Falls is a shopping center in Clarksville, Indiana, on Lewis and Clark Parkway (formerly State Road 131). From its opening in 1990 as River Falls Mall until 2006, it was an enclosed mall, with 762,000 square feet (70,800 m2) of gross leasable area. It originally comprised multiple entertainment venues and retail. After losing the majority of its tenants, River Falls was redeveloped in 2006 as a power center, comprising Dick's Sporting Goods, Old Time Pottery, Jo-Ann Fabrics, Gabe's Department Store, and Bass Pro Shops.

Clarksville, Indiana
Clarksville is a town in Clark County, Indiana, United States, along the Ohio River and is a part of the Louisville Metropolitan area. The population was 22,333 at the 2020 census. The town was founded in 1783 by early resident George Rogers Clark at the only seasonal rapids on the entire Ohio River, it is the oldest American town in the former Northwest Territory. The town is home to the Colgate clock, one of the largest clocks in the world and the Falls of the Ohio State Park, home to the world's largest exposed Devonian period fossil bed.
Spriana
Spriana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 101 and an area of 8.2 square kilometres (3.2 sq mi).

Spriana borders the following municipalities: Montagna in Valtellina, Sondrio, Torre di Santa Maria.

Torre di Santa Maria
Torre di Santa Maria (Lombard: La Tur) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 884 and an area of 45.5 square kilometres (17.6 sq mi).

The municipality of Torre di Santa Maria contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Prato, Sant'Anna, and Tornadù.

Torre di Santa Maria borders the following municipalities: Berbenno di Valtellina, Buglio in Monte, Caspoggio, Castione Andevenno, Chiesa in Valmalenco, Montagna in Valtellina, Postalesio, Sondrio, Spriana.
Molten-salt battery
Molten-salt batteries are a class of battery that uses molten salts as an electrolyte and offers both a high energy density and a high power density. Traditional non-rechargeable thermal batteries can be stored in their solid state at room temperature for long periods of time before being activated by heating. Rechargeable liquid-metal batteries are used for industrial power backup and grid energy storage to balance out intermittent renewable power sources such as solar panels and wind turbines.

In 2023, the use of molten salts as electrolytes for high-energy rechargeable lithium metal batteries was demonstrated.

Molten salt
Molten salt is salt which is solid at standard temperature and pressure but liquefied due to elevated temperature. A salt that is liquid even at standard temperature and pressure is usually called a room-temperature ionic liquid, and molten salts are technically a class of ionic liquids.
State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus
The State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus (KGB RB) is the national intelligence agency, and secret police force of Belarus. Along with its counterparts in Transnistria and South Ossetia, it kept the unreformed name after declaring independence.

It is the successor to the KGB of the Byelorussian SSR, a branch of the Soviet KGB which operated in the Byelorussian republic. Felix Dzerzhinsky, who founded the first Soviet secret police, the Cheka, was born in present-day Belarus and remains an important figure in the state ideology of Belarus under president Alexander Lukashenko as well as a patron of the Belarusian KGB. It is governed by the law About State Security Bodies of the Republic of Belarus.

The KGB has command over the Alpha Group as the main counter-terrorist unit, and they can be tasked to help the Militsiya and other law enforcement organizations in anti-crime operations.

Amerikanka
The Pre-Trial Detention Centre of the KGB of Belarus (Belarusian: Следчы ізалятар КДБ Беларусі, romanized: Sledčy izaliatar KDB Bielarusi; Russian: Следственный изолятор КГБ Республики Беларусь, romanized: Sledstvenny izolyator KGB Respubliki Belarus, СИЗО КГБ, SIZO KGB, also informally called Amerikanka (Belarusian: Амерыканка, romanized: Amierykanka, lit. 'American'; Russian: Американка) is a pre-trial prison in the centre of Minsk, operated by the KGB of Belarus.

The prison is used for detaining persons against whom investigation is being carried out by the KGB of Belarus, in particular, in cases where state interests are involved.
Petaluma Wildlife & Natural Science Museum
Petaluma Wildlife & Natural Science Museum is a student-run museum located in the city of Petaluma, California. It is the largest student-run museum in the United States. Its mission is "to inspire the next generation through practical environmental education and conservation." It is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization, relying on donations to fund expenses. The museum is located on the Petaluma High School campus, in which a "Wildlife Management" and a "Museum Management" class can be taken as an elective.

The collection includes dozens of several live species, such as snakes, lizards, chinchillas; as well as taxidermy.

The current teacher at the Petaluma Wildlife Museum is Phil Tacata, who has shifted the focus of tours to conservation of wildlife and the preservation of habitats around the planet.

Petaluma High School
Petaluma High School is located one mile from historic downtown Petaluma in California. It is a comprehensive public high school with approximately 1,310 students in grades 9–12, serving the west side of Petaluma and many of the rural areas that surround the city in both Sonoma County and Marin County.
Wanamaker Organ
The Wanamaker Grand Court Organ, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is the largest fully functioning pipe organ in the world, based on the number of playing pipes, the number of ranks and its weight. The Wanamaker Organ  is located within a spacious 7-story Grand Court at the John Wanamaker Store (originally Wanamaker's and most recently Macy's) and was played twice a day Monday through Saturday. The organ was featured at several special concerts held throughout the year, including events featuring the Friends of the Wanamaker Organ Festival Chorus and Brass Ensemble.

Rodman Wanamaker
Lewis Rodman Wanamaker (February 13, 1863 – March 9, 1928) was an American businessman and heir to the Wanamaker's department store fortune. In addition to operating stores in Philadelphia, New York City, and Paris, he was a patron of the arts, education, golf, athletics, a scholar of Native American life, and a student of early aviation.

In 1916, he served as a presidential elector for Pennsylvania, and was appointed Special Deputy Police Commissioner of New York City under Richard Enright in February 1918.  In this capacity, he founded the world's first police aviation unit and oversaw reorganization of the New York City Reserve Police Force.  In 1916, Wanamaker originated the proposal for the Professional Golfers' Association of America.
Richard Graeme
Sir Richard Graeme (sometimes spelt as Graham) was an English soldier noted for his service in Ireland during Tyrone's Rebellion. At the Battle of Aherlow on 16 September 1600 he defeated a force of rebels led by James FitzThomas FitzGerald, the Earl of Tyrone's leading supporter in Munster. Although Fitzgerald was able to escape with some of his forces, it destroyed much of his power in the area.

At the decisive Battle of Kinsale in 1601, Graeme commanded a cavalry unit under Lord Mountjoy. He commanded the night watch of horsemen, and his men were some of the first into position as Mountjoy ordered his troops into defensive lines to face Tyrone's advance. The Anglo-Irish cavalry successfully routed both the cavalry and infantry of the rebel forces. Serving alongside Richard Wingfield and Richard de Burgh, Graeme's men were involved in the breaking of the rebel ranks and their pursuit.

James FitzThomas FitzGerald
James fitz Thomas FitzGerald, called the Súgán Earl (died 1608), was a pretender to the Earldom of Desmond who made his claim and led a rebellion after the last earl, Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond had been killed in 1583. The pretended earl derived his claim from being the eldest grandson of James FitzGerald, 13th Earl of Desmond. However, the marriage of his paternal grandparents had been annulled for consanguinity as his paternal grandmother was the 13th Earl's grandniece.
Namuyi language
Namuyi (Namuzi; autonym: na54 mʑi54) is a Tibeto-Burman language belonging to the Naic branch, spoken by approximately 10,000 people. It is primarily spoken in southern Sichuan. Namuyi has also been classified as Qiangic by Sun Hongkai (2001) and Guillaume Jacques (2011). The eastern and western dialects have low mutual intelligibility. In Sichuan, it is spoken in Muli County and Mianning County. The language is endangered and the number of speakers with fluency is decreasing year by year, as most teenagers do not speak the language, instead speaking the Sichuan dialect of Chinese.

Qiangic languages
Qiangic (Chʻiang, Kyang, Tsiang, Chinese: 羌語支, "Qiang language group"; also Rmaic, formerly known as Dzorgaic) is a group of related languages within the Sino-Tibetan language family. They are spoken mainly in Southwest China, including Sichuan and northern Yunnan. Most Qiangic languages are distributed in the prefectures of Ngawa, Garzê, Ya'an and Liangshan in Sichuan with some in Northern Yunnan as well.

Qiangic speakers are variously classified as part of the Qiang, Tibetan, Pumi, Nakhi, and Mongol ethnic groups by the People's Republic of China.

The extinct Tangut language of the Western Xia is classified as Qiangic by some linguists, including Matisoff (2004) and Guillaume Jacques. The undeciphered Nam language of China may possibly be related to Qiangic.

Lamo, Larong and Drag-yab, or the Chamdo languages, a group of three closely related Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in Chamdo, Eastern Tibet, may or may not be Qiangic.
Grey Court School
Grey Court School is a mixed-sex high school academy in Ham, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. In 2014, a new sixth form centre opened for Grey Court's founding sixth form students.

The school occupies a large acreage in Ham, with playing fields and tennis courts. The school's current head teacher is Christopher Rhodes.

Ham, London
Ham is a suburban district in Richmond, south-west London. It has meadows adjoining the River Thames where the Thames Path National Trail also runs. Most of Ham is in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and, chiefly, within the ward of Ham, Petersham and Richmond Riverside; the rest is in the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames. The district has modest convenience shops and amenities, including a petrol station and several pubs, but its commerce is subsidiary to the nearby regional-level economic centre of Kingston upon Thames.
Pyrolytic carbon
Pyrolytic carbon is a material similar to graphite, but with some covalent bonding between its graphene sheets as a result of imperfections in its production.

Pyrolytic carbon is man-made and is thought not to be found in nature. Generally it is produced by heating a hydrocarbon nearly to its decomposition temperature, and permitting the graphite to crystalize (pyrolysis).

One method is to heat synthetic fibers in a vacuum, producing carbon fibers.

It is used in high temperature applications such as missile nose cones, rocket motors, heat shields, laboratory furnaces, in graphite-reinforced plastic, coating nuclear fuel particles, and in biomedical prostheses.

It was developed in the late 1950s as an extension of the work on refractory vapor deposition of metals.

Graphite
Graphite (/ˈɡræfaɪt/) is a crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked layers of graphene, typically in excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.  Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on a large scale (1.3 million metric tons per year in 2022) for uses in many critical industries including refractories (50%), lithium-ion batteries (18%), foundries (10%), and lubricants (5%), among others (17%). Graphite converts to diamond under extremely high pressure and temperature. Graphite's low cost, thermal and chemical inertness and characteristic conductivity of heat and electricity finds numerous applications in high energy and high temperature processes.
A Tramp Abroad
A Tramp Abroad is a work of travel literature, including a mixture of autobiography and fictional events, by American author Mark Twain, published in 1880. The book details a journey by the author, with his friend Harris (a character created for the book, and based on his closest friend, Joseph Twichell), through central and southern Europe. While the stated goal of the journey is to walk most of the way, the men find themselves using other forms of transport as they traverse the continent. The book is the fourth  of Mark Twain's six travel books published during his lifetime and is often thought to be an unofficial sequel to the first one, The Innocents Abroad (1869).

As the two men make their way through Germany, the Alps, and Italy, they encounter situations made all the more humorous by their reactions to them. The narrator (Twain) plays the part of the American tourist of the time, believing that he understands all that he sees, but in reality understanding none of it.

True Williams
Truman W. "True" Williams (March 22, 1839 – November 23, 1897) was an American artist known as the most prolific illustrator to Mark Twain's books and novels. He illustrated the first edition of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876)  and was thus the first to visually portray such characters as Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. He was also sole illustrator of  Twain's Sketches, New and Old and primary illustrator of Roughing It and The Innocents Abroad. Working with a number of publishers he also illustrated works by writers Bill Nye, George W. Peck, Joaquin Miller, and others.   He was also a notorious drunk, which slowed his work and made him unreliable.
1957 Pacific typhoon season
The 1957 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1957, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1957 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical storms formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Fleet Weather Center on Guam.

1957 Pacific hurricane season
The 1957 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active year in which 13 tropical cyclones formed. The hurricane season ran through the summer and fall months which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The first tropical cyclone developed on July 15. The final storm dissipated on December 6, becoming one of the few Pacific storms to exist outside of the seasonal dates. Of the season's 13 storms, five of these formed or crossed into the central Pacific.

During the season, five storms impacted land. Hurricane Twelve was the deadliest, leaving eight casualties in Mazatlán and the costliest was Hurricane Nina, causing an estimated $100,000 in losses. In addition to the damage, four people were killed by Nina in Hawaii. Hurricane Six killed seven people and Hurricane Ten killed two in Mexico.
Murello
Murello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Cuneo. As of 1-1-2017, it had a population of 961 and an area of 17.33 square kilometres (6.69 sq mi).

Murello borders the following municipalities: Cavallerleone, Moretta, Polonghera, Racconigi, Ruffia, and Villanova Solaro.

Racconigi
Racconigi  (Italian: [rakkoˈniːdʒi]; Piedmontese: Racunis [rakyˈniz]) is a town and comune (municipality) in Piedmont, Italy. It is located in the province of Cuneo, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Turin, and 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Cuneo by rail.
Liang dynasty
The Liang dynasty (Chinese: 梁朝; pinyin: Liáng Cháo), alternatively known as the Southern Liang (Chinese: 南梁; pinyin: Nán Liáng) or Xiao Liang (Chinese: 蕭梁; pinyin: Xiāo Liáng) in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the third of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. It was preceded by the Southern Qi dynasty and succeeded by the Chen dynasty. The rump state of Western Liang existed until it was conquered in 587 AD by the Sui dynasty.

Book of Liang
The Book of Liang (Liáng Shū) was compiled under Yao Silian and completed in 635. Yao heavily relied on an original manuscript by his father Yao Cha, which has not independently survived, although Yao Cha's comments are quoted in several chapters.

The Book of Liang is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
Susana Palazuelos
Susana Palazuelos Rosenzweig (born c. 10 December, 1944), is a Mexican well-known chef and wedding organizer. She is also a book writer, having written cook books such as "Mexico the Beautiful: Authentic Recipes from the Regions of Mexico" and "Mexican Favorites".

In 1977, Palazuelos opened a restaurant in her native Acapulco, named "Banquetes Susana Palazuelos". She is the owner and general director of the restaurant.

During her career, Palazuelos, considered by some to be the creator of outdoor weddings in Mexico, has cooked for royalty, including the king of Malaysia and Queen Elizabeth II.

Susana has a son, Eduardo Palazuelos, a chef from Mexico and the owner of the restaurants Zibu (Acapulco) and Mar del Zur (Monterrey).

She is the aunt of famous actor Roberto Palazuelos, who considers her to be his real mother, as she raised him.

Roberto Palazuelos
Roberto Palazuelos Badeaux (born January 31, 1967), better known as Roberto Palazuelos (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈβeɾto palaˈswelos]) or El Diamante Negro ('The Black Diamond'), is a Mexican actor, model, and producer best known for his work in Mexican telenovelas.
Riverchase Galleria
Riverchase Galleria, locally known as The Galleria, is a large, super–regional shopping mall and mixed use development in Hoover, Alabama, in the Greater Birmingham metropolitan area. It is ranked 43rd on the list of largest shopping malls in the United States. It is the largest enclosed shopping center in Alabama.

Located at the intersection of U.S. Highway 31 (Montgomery Highway) and Interstate 459, the Riverchase Galleria complex includes the region's only Costco, and also includes the 15-story, 1,700,000-square-foot (160,000 m2) Hyatt Regency, and the 17-story, 285,000-square-foot (26,500 m2) Galleria Tower office building. The tower includes the headquarters of Walter Energy, Inc. The mall's anchor stores are JCPenney, Von Maur, Macy's, Belk, and Dave & Buster's. There are two vacant anchor stores which were once Sears and Belk Children's and Home.

Hoover, Alabama
Hoover is a city in Jefferson and Shelby counties in north central Alabama, United States. Hoover is the largest suburban city in Alabama and the sixth largest city in Alabama. The population was 92,606 at the 2020 census. Hoover is part of the Birmingham, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area and is also included in the Birmingham-Cullman-Talladega, AL Combined Statistical Area. Hoover's territory is along the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains.

The Birmingham Barons Minor League Baseball team, which traces its history to 1885, played its home games at the 10,800-seat Hoover Metropolitan Stadium from 1988 through 2013, when it moved to Regions Field in the Parkside District of Birmingham.
Tsarska Bistritsa
42°15′30″N 23°35′44″E﻿ / ﻿42.25833°N 23.59556°E﻿ / 42.25833; 23.59556

Tsarska Bistritsa ("Tsar's Bistritsa"; Bulgarian: Царска Бистрица) is a former royal palace in southwestern Bulgaria, high in the Rila Mountains, just above the resort of Borovets and near the banks of the Bistritsa River. The hunting lodge was built between 1898 and 1914, it served as the hunting lodge of Tsar Ferdinand of Bulgaria and his son Boris III.

Borovets
Borovets (Bulgarian: Боровец [ˈbɔrovɛt͡s], known as Chamkoria (Чамкория [ˈt͡ʃam koˈrijɐ]) until the middle of the 20th century) is a mountain resort in Samokov Municipality in Sofia Province in Bulgaria. The closest town is Samokov.
Adams County, Wisconsin
Adams County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,654. Its county seat is Friendship. The county was created in 1848 and organized in 1853. Sources differ as to whether its name is in honor of the second President of the United States, John Adams, or his son, the sixth President, John Quincy Adams. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Dell Prairie, Wisconsin
Dell Prairie is a town in Adams County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,631 at the 2020 census, up from 1,590 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of Plainville is located in the town.
2012 Gorno-Badakhshan clashes
The Gorno-Badakhshan clashes consisted of fighting between Tajik government forces and an armed group led by Tolib Ayyombekov in Tajikistan's semi-autonomous Gorno-Badakhshan province in late July 2012. The Western media described the fighting as the worst in Tajikistan since 2010 or the 1992–1997 civil war.

Gorno-Badakhshan
38°0′N 73°0′E﻿ / ﻿38.000°N 73.000°E﻿ / 38.000; 73.000

Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area but only two percent of its population.