hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kåkern Bridge
The Kåkern Bridge (Norwegian: Kåkernbrua) is a cantilever road bridge that crosses the Kåkernsundet strait between the islands of Flakstadøya and Moskenesøya in Flakstad Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 303-metre (994 ft) long Kåkern Bridge was opened in 2002. The Kåkern Bridge is one of the many bridges that connect the islands of the Lofoten archipelago to each other. The Fredvang Bridges are the only other bridge connection between the islands of Flakstadøya and Moskenesøya.

Flakstad Municipality
Flakstad is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of the island group Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ramberg. Other villages in the municipality include Fredvang, Napp, Nusfjord, Sund, and Vareid.

The municipality is located in the Lofoten Islands and comprises the entire island of Flakstadøya and the northern part of the island of Moskenesøya, plus many smaller islets surrounding the main islands. The European route E10 highway runs across the whole municipality.

The 179-square-kilometre (69 sq mi) municipality is the 312th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Flakstad Municipality is the 318th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,229. The municipality's population density is 6.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 10.2% over the previous 10-year period.
All India Federation of Democratic Women
All India Federation of Democratic Women is a women's organisation in India, and the women's wing of the Marxist Communist Party of India (United). P. Krishnammal, a Kerala State Committee member of MCPI(U), is the general secretary of AIFDW. Previously, it was the women's wing of the main predecessor of MCPI(U), the Marxist Communist Party of India.

Marxist Communist Party of India
Marxist Communist Party of India (MCPI) was a political party in India that formed in 1983 under the leadership of Mohan Punamia. It emerged as a splinter group of Communist Party of India (Marxist) stuck to the original 1964 programme. The party's general secretary was Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri (former All India Kisan Sabha general secretary).

MCPI was active in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, etc.

In 2005 by the unification of the Marxist Communist Party of India, the Mangat Ram Pasla-led breakaway group from the CPI(M) in Punjab – Communist Party Marxist (Punjab), the BTR-EMS-AKG Janakeeya Vedi (a Kerala-based splinter group of the CPI(M), which had been based in the CITU) and the Hardan Roy group in West Bengal formed Marxist Communist Party of India (United).
Keväjärvi
Keväjärvi (Inari Sami: Kiäváájävri or Kiđđâjävri, Skolt Sami: Keväjäuʹrr) is a village in the municipality of Inari, Finland, 13 kilometres (8 mi) northeast of Ivalo and south of Lake Inari along the regional road 969 leading to Nellim, which used to lead all the way to Pechenga, when it was part of Finland. The village is located on a pine-covered ridge surrounded by lakes that flow into Nanguvuono. At the end of 2005, 185 people lived in Keväjärvi.

Inari, Finland
Inari (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈinɑri]; Inari Sami: Aanaar; Inari Sami pronunciation: [ˈɑːnɑːr]; Skolt Sami: Aanar Skolt Sami pronunciation: [ˈɑːnɑr]Northern Sami: Anár Northern Sami pronunciation: [ˈɑnar]; Norwegian and Swedish: Enare; Russian: Инари) is Finland's largest municipality by area (but one of the most sparsely populated), with four official languages, more than any other in the country. Its major sources of income are tourism, service industry, and cold climate testing. With the Siida museum in the village of Inari, it is a center of Sámi culture, widely known as the "capital of Sámi culture".

The airport in Ivalo and the country's key north-south European Route E75 (Finland's National Road 4) bring summer and winter vacationers seeking resorts with access to a well-preserved, uncrowded natural environment.
Amphoterism
In chemistry, an amphoteric compound (from Greek  amphoteros 'both') is a molecule or ion that can react both as an acid and as a base. What exactly this can mean depends on which definitions of acids and bases are being used.

Zwitterion
In chemistry, a zwitterion (/ˈtsvɪtərˌaɪɔːn/ TSVIT-ər-EYE-awn; from German  Zwitter [ˈtsvɪtɐ] 'hermaphrodite'), also called an inner salt or dipolar ion, is a molecule that contains an equal number of positively and negatively charged functional groups.
(1,2-dipolar compounds, such as ylides, are sometimes excluded from the definition.)

Some zwitterions, such as amino acid zwitterions, are in chemical equilibrium with an uncharged "parent" molecule. Betaines are zwitterions that cannot isomerize to an all-neutral form, such as when the positive charge is located on a quaternary ammonium group. Similarly, a molecule containing a phosphonium group and a carboxylate group cannot isomerize.
Catholic Diocese of Lincoln
The Diocese of Lincoln (Latin: Dioecesis Lincolnensis) is a Latin Catholic diocese in Nebraska, United States, and comprises the majority of the eastern and central portions of the state south of the Platte River. It is a suffragan see to the archdiocese of Omaha. The episcopal see is in Lincoln, Nebraska. The diocese was established in 1887, following the arrival of many Irish, German and Czech Catholic immigrants to the region. Bishop James D. Conley has been bishop there since 2012. The Cathedral of the Risen Christ is the cathedral parish of the diocese.

John Henry Tihen
John Henry Tihen (July 14, 1861 – January 14, 1940) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Lincoln in Nebraska (1911–1917) and as bishop of the Diocese of Denver in Colorado (1917–1931).
Culă
A culă (plural: cule; from Turkish kule "tower, turret") is a type of semi-fortified dwelling historically found in the Oltenia region of Romania, with notable examples also in Muntenia (in the counties of Argeș and Teleorman). Constructed primarily between the 17th and 19th centuries, these structures served as residences for the boyar aristocracy, offering protection against invasions and local uprisings. Architecturally, cule are characterized by their tower-like appearance, typically featuring multiple levels, thick walls, and defensive elements such as narrow windows or loopholes for archers. The design reflects a blend of domestic comfort and military functionality, embodying the capacity of traditional Romanian architecture to assimilate foreign influences while remaining distinctively local. Similar tower houses are prevalent throughout the Balkans, including in Serbia and Albania.

Romanian architecture
Romanian architecture is very diverse, including medieval, pre-World War I, interwar, postwar, and contemporary 21st century architecture. In Romania, there are also regional differences with regard to architectural styles. Architecture, as the rest of the arts, was highly influenced by the socio-economic context and by the historical situation. For example, during the reign of King Carol I (1866–1914), Romania was in a continuous state of reorganization and modernization. In consequence, most of the architecture was designed by architects trained in Western European academies, particularly the École des Beaux-Arts, and a big part of the downtowns of the Romanian Old Kingdom were built during this period.
Nevis Mountain Dew
Nevis Mountain Dew is a 1978 play by American playwright steve carter . Set in the 1950s, it is the second of Carter's Caribbean trilogy. Nevis Mountain Dew explores the subject of euthanasia involving the patriarch of an affluent family who is confined to an iron lung.

Negro Ensemble Company
The Negro Ensemble Company (NEC) was a New York City-based theater company and workshop established in 1967 by producer-actor Robert Hooks, playwright Douglas Turner Ward, and theater manager Gerald S. Krone, with funding from the Ford Foundation. The company's focus on original works with themes based in the black experience with an international perspective created a canon of theatrical works and an audience for writers who came later, such as August Wilson, Suzan-Lori Parks, and others.
Blue Remembered Hills
"Blue Remembered Hills" is the 14th episode of the ninth season of the British BBC anthology TV series Play for Today. The episode was a television play that was originally broadcast on 30 January 1979. "Blue Remembered Hills" was written by Dennis Potter, directed by Brian Gibson and produced by Kenith Trodd.

The play concerns a group of seven-year-olds playing in the Forest of Dean one summer afternoon in 1943. It ends abruptly when the character Donald is burned to death, partly as a result of the other children's actions. Although the characters are children, they are played by adult actors, Potter had first used this device in Stand Up, Nigel Barton (1965) and returned to it in Cold Lazarus (1996).

The dialogue is written in a Forest of Dean dialect, which Potter also uses extensively in other dramas incorporating a Forest of Dean setting, most notably A Beast with Two Backs (1968), Pennies from Heaven (1978) and The Singing Detective (1986).

Play for Today
Play for Today is a British television strand, produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC1 from 1970 to 1984. During the run, more than three hundred programmes, featuring original television plays, and adaptations of stage plays and novels, were transmitted. The individual episodes were (with a few exceptions noted below) between fifty and a hundred minutes in duration. A handful of these plays, including Rumpole of the Bailey, subsequently became television series in their own right.

In 2025, Channel 5 announced they would revive the series, which began broadcasting on 13 November, 2025.
Assyrian Democratic Party
The Assyrian Democratic Party (Syriac: ܓܒܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܘܩܪܛܝܐ, romanized: Gabā Aṯurāyā Demoqraṭāyā, Arabic: الحزب الآشوري الديمقراطي; short: ADP) is an Assyrian political party active in Syria, that traditionally represents the interests of the Eastern Assyrians of the Khabur valley. Although aiming for the peaceful implementation of democracy in Syria, the party has generally sided and cooperated with the Ba'athist government since the 1990s. In course of the Syrian Civil War, the Assyrian Democratic Party has come to be closely affiliated with the Khabour Guards and Nattoreh. It is part of the Syrian Democratic Council of Rojava.

Assyrians in Syria
Assyrians in Syria (Syriac: ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ, Arabic: الآشوريون في سوريا) are an ethnic and linguistic minority indigenous to Upper Mesopotamia, the north-eastern half of Syria. Syrian-Assyrians are people of Assyrian descent living in Syria, and those in the Assyrian diaspora who are of Syrian-Assyrian heritage.

They live primarily in Al-Hasakah Governorate, with a significant presence in Hasakah city and the cities of Qamishli, Malikiyah, Ras al-Ayn, and Qahtaniyah, as well as in Tell Tamer and nearby villages. Some have migrated to Damascus and other western cities beyond the border of their indigenous Mesopotamia at the Euphrates River. They share a common history and ethnic identity, rooted in shared linguistic, cultural and religious traditions, with Assyrians in Turkey, Assyrians in Iraq and Assyrians in Iran, as well as with the Assyrian diaspora.
Peel (federal electoral district)
Peel was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968. It was located in the province of Ontario. It was created by the British North America Act 1867.

It consisted of the Townships of Chinguacousy, Toronto, and the Gore of Toronto, and the Villages of Brampton and Streetsville.

In 1903, it was redefined to consist of the county of Peel to include townships of Caledon and Albion.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Peel South and Peel—Dufferin ridings.

Peel South
Peel South (also known as Mississauga riding) was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1974. It was located in the province of Ontario. The riding was created in 1966 from parts of the Peel riding.

It consisted of the Township of Toronto in the County of Peel, and the part of Metropolitan Toronto lying west of the Etobicoke River.

The electoral district's name was changed in late 1973 to Mississauga, on a request by then MP Don Blenkarn, to coincide with the creation of the City of Mississauga. It was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed between Brampton—Halton Hills, Mississauga North and Mississauga South ridings.
Rossana, Piedmont
Rossana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 950 and an area of 19.9 square kilometres (7.7 sq mi).

Rossana borders the following municipalities: Busca, Costigliole Saluzzo, Piasco and Venasca.

Venasca
Venasca is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,563 and an area of 20.4 square kilometres (7.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Venasca contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bonelli, Bricco, Collino, Miceli, Peralba, and Rolfa.

Venasca borders the following municipalities: Brondello, Brossasco, Isasca, Pagno, Piasco, Rossana and Busca.
Stass Paraskos
Stass Paraskos (Greek: Στας Παράσκος; 17 March 1933 – 4 March 2014) was a British-Cypriot painter, sculptor, and writer. Born and raised in Cyprus, he spent much of his life working and teaching in England, where he famously became embroiled in a 1966 obscenity trial, before returning to Cyprus to open the island's first school of art.

Terry Frost
Sir Terence Ernest Manitou Frost RA (13 October 1915 – 1 September 2003) was a British abstract artist, who worked in Newlyn, Cornwall. Frost was renowned for his use of the Cornish light, colour and shape to start a new art movement in England.  He became a leading exponent of abstract art and a recognised figure of the British art establishment.
Kokubunji, Tochigi
Kokubunji (国分寺町, Kokubunji-machi) was a town located in Shimotsuga District, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 17,373 and a density of 835.24 persons per km2. The total area was 20.80 km2.

On January 10, 2006, Kokubunji, along with the town of Minamikawachi (from Kawachi District), and the town of Ishibashi (also from Shimotsuga District), was merged to create the new city of Shimotsuke.

Minamikawachi, Tochigi
Minamikawachi (南河内町, Minamikawachi-machi) was a town located in Kawachi District, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 21,178 and a density of 675.53 persons per km2. The total area was 31.35 km2.

On January 10, 2006, Minamikawachi, along with the towns of Ishibashi and Kokubunji (both from Shimotsuga District), was merged to create the new city of Shimotsuke.
South Indians in Fiji
Indians in Fiji are mainly descendants of the 15,132 contract labourers who were brought to Fiji between 1903 and 1916.  This represents about 25% out of a total of 60,965 contract labourers who were brought to Fiji between 1879 and 1916.  They were forced in to ships from Madras and were mainly recruited in the districts of North Arcot, Madras,  Krishna,  Godavari, Visakhapatnam, Tanjore,  Malabar and Coimbatore. More than half of the labourers from South India were recruited from North Arcot and Madras, but most of those recruited in Madras were originally from North Arcot and Chingleput.

Swami Rudrananda
Swami Rudrananda (11 March 1901 – 30 June 1985), born Muthukrishnan, was an Indian Hindu monk and a disciple of the 19th-century Indian mystic, Swami Shivananda, the direct disciple of Ramakrishna. After moving to Fiji in 1936 he became one of the country's most respected Indo-Fijian leaders, and was a founder of the National Federation Party.
Brigstock Weaver
Brigstock Weaver (born c. 1686 – died 1767) (fl. 1720–1725, first name occasionally Bridstock) was an English pirate active in the Caribbean. He is best known for his association with fellow pirates Thomas Anstis and Bartholomew Roberts.

Thomas Anstis
Thomas Anstis (died April 1723) was an early 18th-century pirate, who served under Captain Howell Davis and Captain Bartholomew Roberts, before setting up on his own account, raiding shipping on the eastern coast of the American colonies and in the Caribbean during what is often referred to as the "Golden Age of Piracy".
Paul Vacher
Paul Vacher (pronounced [pɔl vaʃe]) (1902 – 1975) was a French perfumer.

Vacher created Le Galion fragrances, trademarked in 1936. He worked at Guerlain, among other perfume houses. He is best known for his parts in the creations of Miss Dior for Christian Dior in 1947 with Jean Carles, and Arpège for Lanvin in 1927 with André Fraysse.

Until 1990, Le Galion created and distributed 24 fragrances, the best known of which was Sortilège.

André Fraysse
André Fraysse (1902-1984) was a French perfumer.

He was noted for his work with Lanvin. His creations included:

Arpège (1927) with Paul Vacher

Eau de Lanvin

Prétexte (1937)

Rumeur (1934), relaunched in a new formulation 2006

Scandal (1933)

Fraysse's son, Richard Fraysse, is an in-house perfumer at Parfums Caron.
Choosing Truman
Choosing Truman: The Democratic Convention of 1944 is a 1994 book by historian Robert Hugh Ferrell about the political convention in Chicago which nominated Franklin D. Roosevelt for his fourth election to the U.S. presidency, but jettisoned Vice President Henry A. Wallace in favor of Missouri Sen. Harry S. Truman. The choice was particularly significant because Roosevelt would die in office the following year, making Truman the 33rd president.

Robert Hugh Ferrell
Robert Hugh Ferrell (May 8, 1921 – August 8, 2018) was an American historian. He authored more than 60 books on topics including the U.S. presidency, World War I, and U.S. foreign policy and diplomacy. One of the country's leading historians, Ferrell was widely considered the preeminent authority on the administration of Harry S. Truman, and also wrote books about half a dozen other 20th-century presidents. He was thought by many in the field to be the "dean of American diplomatic historians", a title he disavowed.
Acushnet Heights Historic District
The Acushnet Heights Historic District is a predominantly residential historic district in central New Bedford, Massachusetts.  It encompasses a densely-built urban area about 20 acres (8.1 ha) in size, which was developed as a working-class area, beginning in the 1860s, for the many workers in the city's factories.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.  It abuts the North Bedford Historic District, which is just to the south, and includes the following separately-listed properties: the Union Street Railway Carbarn, the Bradford Smith Building (since demolished), and the Dawson Building.

Bradford Smith Building
The Bradford Smith Building was a historic building at 1927–1941 Purchase Street in New Bedford, Massachusetts.  It was a 3+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a double-gabled roof and a stone-and-brick foundation.  It was built in 1887 by Bradford Smith, a retired employee of the Taunton-New Bedford Copper Company, and housed retail space on the first floor and apartments above.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and was included in the Acushnet Heights Historic District in 1989.  It underwent a certified rehabilitation for use as senior housing in 1985.  It has since been demolished.
Crypthonia
Crypthonia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae. It has 16 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2010 by Andreas Frisch and Göran Thor, with Crypthonia polillensis assigned as the type species.

Arthoniaceae
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.
Perhentian Islands
The Perhentian Islands (Malay: Kepulauan Perhentian; Terengganu Malay: Perhentiang; Kelantan-Pattani Malay: Perhentiey) are a group of islands off the coast of Besut District, Terengganu, Malaysia.

The two main islands are Perhentian Besar ("Greater Perhentian") and Perhentian Kecil ("Lesser Perhentian").  The small, uninhabited islands of Susu Dara (Virgin Milk), Serengeh and Rawa, lie off Kecil. As in the rest of Besut, people generally speak Kelantanese Malay. However, English is also widely spoken.

Besut District
Besut (Terengganuan and Kelantanese: Besuk) is a Kelantanese community district in the Terengganu federal state of Malaysia. It is bordered by the state of Kelantan to the north and west and the South China Sea to the east. It is the northern gateway to Terengganu. Kampung Raja is the district capital, though Jerteh is more developed. Another major town is the fishing port of Kuala Besut. There are other small towns and villages such as Jabi, Apal, Pasir Akar and Tembila. Besut is between Jerteh and Kuala Terengganu.
Kankakee River
The Kankakee River is a tributary of the Illinois River, approximately 133 miles (214 km) long, in the Central Corn Belt Plains of northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois in the United States. At one time, the river drained one of the largest wetlands in North America and furnished a significant portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River. Significantly altered from its original channel, it flows through a primarily rural farming region of reclaimed cropland, south of Lake Michigan.

Porter County, Indiana
Porter County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 173,215, making it the 10th most populous county in Indiana. The county seat is Valparaiso. The county is part of Northwest Indiana, as well as the Chicago metropolitan area. Porter County is the site of much of the Indiana Dunes, an area of ecological significance. The Hour Glass Museum in Ogden Dunes documents the region's ecological significance.
St. Charles, Iowa
St. Charles or Saint Charles is a city in Madison County, Iowa, United States. The population was 640 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Des Moines–West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Madison County, Iowa
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,548. The county seat is Winterset. Madison County is included in the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Madison County is famous for being the county where John Wayne was born, and for a number of covered bridges. These bridges were featured in Robert James Waller's 1992 novella The Bridges of Madison County, as well as the 1995 film and 2014 musical based on it.