hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tupolev Tu-4
The Tupolev Tu-4 (Russian: Туполев Ту-4; NATO reporting name: Bull) is a piston-engined Soviet strategic bomber that served the Soviet Air Force from the late 1940s to the mid-1960s. The aircraft was a copy of the American Boeing B-29 Superfortress, having been reverse-engineered from seized aircraft that had made emergency landings in the USSR.

Nudelman-Suranov NS-23
The NS-23 was a 23 mm (0.91 in) aircraft cannon designed by A. E. Nudelman, A. Suranov, G. Zhirnykh, V. Nemenov, S. Lunin, and M. Bundin during World War II as a replacement for the Volkov-Yartsev VYa-23 cannon. It entered service in 1944. The NS-23 round was derived from the 14.5×114mm anti-tank round by necking it out to 23 mm.

A synchronized version, designated NS-23S (for synchronized), was used for fixed installations firing through the propeller arc.

Applications of the NS-23 included the Antonov An-2, Ilyushin Il-10, Ilyushin Il-22, Lavochkin La-9, La-15, MiG-9, Yak-9UT, Yak-15, Yak-17, Yak-23, and Tu-4. Some early MiG-15s were also equipped with the NS-23.

The NS-23 was replaced in service by the Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 around 1949.
Independent Democrats
The Independent Democrats (ID) was a South African political party, formed by former Pan Africanist Congress member Patricia de Lille in 2003 via floor crossing legislation. The party's platform was premised on opposition to corruption, with a mixture of liberal principles and strategies for improving equity. The party's strongholds were the Northern and Western Cape.

On 15 August 2010, the party announced plans to merge with the larger Democratic Alliance as part of a plan to challenge the governing African National Congress (ANC). The party disbanded as a separate political organization in 2014.

Floor crossing (South Africa)
Floor crossing was a system introduced to the post-apartheid South African political system in 2002, under which members of Parliament, members of provincial legislatures and local government councillors could change political party (or form a new party) and take their seats with them when they did so. Floor crossing in South Africa was abolished in January 2009.
Radulomyces
Radulomyces is a genus of crust fungi in the family Radulomycetaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 11 species. It was circumscribed by Danish botanist Mads Peter Christiansen in 1960, with Radulomyces confluens as the type species. This genus was formally considered to be part of the Pterulaceae family.

A major reclassification of the Pterulaceae family occurred in 2020 and the genera Aphanobasidium, Radulomyces and Radulotubus were moved to a new family, Radulomycetaceae by the mycologists Caio A. Leal-Dutra, Bryn Tjader Mason Dentinger and Gareth W. Griffith.

Radulomyces confluens
Radulomyces confluens is a species of crust fungus in the family Pterulaceae. It was originally described in 1815 by Elias Magnus Fries with the name Thelephora confluens. Danish botanist Mads Peter Christiansen made it the type species of his newly-circumscribed genus Radulomyces in 1960.
Prospect New Town
Prospect New Town is a New Urbanist housing development located on the southern edge of the city of Longmont in Boulder County, Colorado, in the United States. The first full-scale new urbanist new development in Colorado, it was developed starting in the mid-1990s by Kiki Wallace and designed by the firm of Duany Plater Zyberk & Company, who also designed the new urbanist communities of Seaside, Florida, and Kentlands in Gaithersburg, Maryland. As of 2009, the project is in its sixth phase of development. It is intended to have a population of approximately 2,000 people in 585 units on 340 lots.

Longmont, Colorado
Longmont is a home rule city located in Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Its population was 98,885 as of the 2020 U.S. census.  Longmont is located northeast of the county seat of Boulder. It is named after Longs Peak, a prominent mountain that is clearly visible from the city (mont means "mountain" in French).
Alfred Henry Garrod
Alfred Henry Garrod FRS (May 18, 1846 – October 17, 1879) was an English vertebrate zoologist.

Garrod was born in London, the eldest son of Sir Alfred Baring Garrod (1819–1907), a physician at King's College Hospital, who discovered the abnormal uric acid metabolism associated with gout. He was also the eldest brother of Archibald Edward Garrod (1857–1936), an English physician who pioneered the field of inborn errors of metabolism.

Archibald Garrod
Sir Archibald Edward Garrod KCMG FRS (25 November 1857 – 28 March 1936) was an English physician who pioneered the field of inborn errors of metabolism. He also discovered alkaptonuria, understanding its inheritance. He served as Regius Professor of Medicine at the University of Oxford from 1920 to 1927.
Berlin Football Association
The  Berlin Football Association (German: Berliner Fussball-Verband, BFV) is the umbrella organization of football clubs in the German capital Berlin. The BFV was founded in 1897 and has its headquarters in Berlin. President of the BFV is Bernd Schultz.

The BFV belongs to the Northeastern German Football Association and is one of 21 state organizations of the German Football Association (German: Deutscher Fussball-Bund – DFB).

In 2017 the BFV had 150,981 members from 391 football clubs with 3,501 teams.

German Football Association
The German Football Association (German: Deutscher Fußball-Bund [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈfuːsbalˌbʊnt]; DFB [ˌdeːʔɛfˈbeː] ⓘ) is the governing body of football, futsal, and beach soccer in Germany. A founding member of both FIFA and UEFA, the DFB has jurisdiction for the German football league system and is in charge of the men's and women's national teams. The DFB headquarters are in Frankfurt am Main. Sole members of the DFB are the German Football League (German: Deutsche Fußball Liga; DFL), organising the professional Bundesliga and the 2. Bundesliga, along with five regional and 21 state associations, organising the semi-professional and amateur levels. The 21 state associations of the DFB have a combined number of 23,868 clubs with little more than 8 million members, making the DFB the single largest sports federation in the world.
Linwood Holton
Abner Linwood Holton Jr. (September 21, 1923 – October 28, 2021) was an American politician and attorney. He served as the 61st governor of Virginia, from 1970 to 1974, and was the first elected Republican governor of Virginia of the 20th century, as well as the first Republican governor since the Reconstruction era.  He was known for supporting civil rights, integration, and public investment.

Republican Party of Virginia
The Republican Party of Virginia (RPV) is the Virginia chapter of the Republican Party. It is based at the Richard D. Obenshain Center in Richmond. As of 2026, it holds none of the three statewide elected offices, a minority in both houses of the General Assembly, and 5 out of 11 U.S. House seats.
Northwestern League (1905–1917)
The Northwestern League was a professional sports league in minor league baseball that operated from 1905 to 1917. It was represented by teams based in British Columbia, Montana, Oregon, and Washington. The league became the Pacific Coast International League in 1918.

Great Falls Electrics
The Great Falls Electrics were a minor league baseball team that operated out of Great Falls, Montana.  The team was formed in 1911 as part of the old Union Association league. They also played in the Northwestern League from 1916 to 1917. The team disbanded at that time and then was reformed as part of the Pioneer League in 1948. They became an affiliate of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1952 and remained with the Dodgers through 1963. The team was briefly called the Great Falls Dodgers during the 1957 season and the Great Falls Selectrics in 1949–1950.

In 1969, the team now known as the Great Falls Voyagers began play as the Great Falls Giants and they have remained active under different names since.
Hadromos
Hadromos is a genus of Barbinae that lived in Sangkarewang Formation (Sumatra) during the Eocene epoch. It is quite large compare to many of its contemporaneous barb reaching 15.8 cm (6.2 in) in standard length and 19.4 cm (7.6 in) for the total body length. The relatively complete fossils show that Hadromos have a proportionally large head that take up to 37% of its standard length (57 mm (2.2 in)). The preserved scale show that Hadromos have circular scales on their body but none can be found on the head. One of its autapomorphy can be found on the dorsal fin which have 100 or more fine serrations sitting on the posterior part of its longest unbranched ray. Moving to the rear part, Hadromos anal fin have a short-based anal fin lacking a strong spine-like unbranched ray that can be found in Cyprinae. For the caudal fin, the shape is deeply forked and occupy roughly a quarter of Hadromos total length.

Barbinae
Barbinae are a subfamily of fish included in the family Cyprinidae. The taxonomy for this group has not been entirely worked out as some genera historically considered within it are still considered incertae sedis with respect to being a member of the family, and may be included here, while others may be moved to other subfamilies.

The earliest fossil remains of this subfamily are known from the early-mid Eocene Sangkarewang Formation of Sumatra, Indonesia, with articulated specimens of several extinct genera known.
Philippeville
Philippeville (French pronunciation: [filipvil] ⓘ; Walloon: Flipveye) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium.  The Philippeville municipality includes the former municipalities of Fagnolle, Franchimont, Jamagne, Jamiolle, Merlemont, Neuville, Omezée, Roly, Romedenne, Samart, Sart-en-Fagne, Sautour, Surice, Villers-en-Fagne, Villers-le-Gambon, and Vodecée.

Roly, Belgium
Roly (French pronunciation: [ʁɔli]) is a village of Wallonia in the municipality of Philippeville, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

Remains from the Neolithic have been discovered in the area, indicating a long human presence in the area. From the 11th century, the area was divided between the Florennes Abbey and the local lords of Roly, who constructed the Château-ferme de Roly still dominating the village. The village also contains a church with furnishings from the 17th and 18th centuries.
Joel Rosenberg (science fiction author)
Joel Rosenberg (May 1, 1954 – June 2, 2011) was a Canadian American science fiction and fantasy author best known for his long-running Guardians of the Flame series.  Rosenberg was also a gun rights activist. He was the oldest brother of Miami Herald reporter Carol Rosenberg.

Carol Rosenberg
Carol Rosenberg is a senior journalist at The New York Times. Long a military-affairs reporter at the Miami Herald, from January 2002 into 2019 she reported on the operation of the United States' Guantanamo Bay detention camps, at its naval base in Cuba.
Her coverage of detention of captives at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp has been praised by her colleagues and legal scholars, and in 2010 she spoke about it by invitation at the National Press Club.
Rosenberg had previously covered events in the Middle East. In 2011, she received the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for her nearly decade of work on the Guantanamo Bay detention camp.
Menshikov Tower
Menshikov Tower (Russian: Меншикова башня), also known as the Church of Archangel Gabriel, is a Baroque Russian Orthodox Church in Basmanny District of Moscow, within the Boulevard Ring. The church was initially built in 1707 to order of Alexander Menshikov by Ivan Zarudny assisted by Domenico Trezzini, a team of Italian-Swiss craftsmen from Ticino and Fribourg cantons and Russian stonemasons from Kostroma and Yaroslavl. The earliest extant Petrine Baroque building in Moscow, Menshikov Tower was substantially altered in the 1770s. The church traditionally functioned in summer only; in winter the congregation assembled in nearby Church of Theodor Stratelates, built in 1782–1806. Church of Saint Theodore also provides the bells for ritual ringing: despite its height, Menshikov Tower does not have bells.

Petrine Baroque
Petrine Baroque (Russian: Петровское барокко) is a style of 17th and 18th century Baroque architecture and decoration favoured by Peter the Great and employed to design buildings in the newly founded Russian capital, Saint Petersburg, under this monarch and his immediate successors.

Different from contemporary Naryshkin Baroque, favoured in Moscow, the Petrine Baroque represented a dramatic departure from Byzantine traditions that had dominated Russian architecture for almost a millennium. Its chief practitioners - Domenico Trezzini, Andreas Schlüter, and Mikhail Zemtsov - drew inspiration from a rather modest Dutch, Danish, and Swedish architecture of the time.
Medina County, Texas
Medina County is a county located in the South central part of the U.S. state Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,748. Its county seat is Hondo. The county is named for the Medina River. The extreme northern part of the county lies within the Edwards Plateau, which elevates into the Texas Hill Country. The Medina Dam, the fourth-largest in the nation when completed in 1913, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  The irrigation project, creating Medina Lake, was built by 1500 skilled workers who worked in shifts operating 24 hours a day to complete the dam in two years. Medina County is part of the San Antonio, TX metropolitan statistical area.

U.S. Route 90 in Texas
U.S. Route 90 (US 90) is a major east–west highway in the U.S. state of Texas with large portions of it running concurrently with I-10. US 90 begins at Bus. I-10 in Van Horn, travels through San Antonio and Houston, and continues on into the state of Louisiana.
Upper limb
The upper limbs or upper extremities are the forelimbs of an upright-postured tetrapod vertebrate, extending from the scapulae and clavicles down to and including the digits, including all the musculatures and ligaments involved with the shoulder, elbow, wrist and knuckle joints. In humans, each upper limb is divided into the shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand, and is primarily used for climbing, lifting and manipulating objects. In anatomy, just as arm refers to the upper arm, leg refers to the lower leg.

Forelimb
A forelimb or front limb is one of the paired articulated appendages (limbs) attached on the cranial (anterior) end of a terrestrial tetrapod vertebrate's torso. With reference to quadrupeds, the term foreleg or front leg is often used instead. In bipedal animals with an upright posture (e.g. humans and some other primates), the term upper limb is often used.

A forelimb is not to be confused with a forearm, which is a distal portion of the human upper limb between the elbow and the wrist.

All vertebrate forelimbs are homologous, meaning that they all evolved from the same structures. For example, the flipper of a turtle or of a dolphin, the arm of a human, the foreleg of a horse, and the wings of both bats and birds are ultimately homologous, despite the large differences between them.

Specific uses of the forelimbs may be analogous if they evolved from different sub-structures of the forelimb, such as the flippers of turtles and dolphins, and the wings of birds and bats.
Compound of five great dodecahedra
This uniform polyhedron compound is a composition of 5 great dodecahedra, in the same arrangement as in the compound of 5 icosahedra.

It is one of only five polyhedral compounds (along with the compound of six tetrahedra, the compound of two great dodecahedra, the compound of two small stellated dodecahedra, and the compound of five small stellated dodecahedra) which is vertex-transitive and face-transitive but not edge-transitive.

Compound of six tetrahedra
The compound of six tetrahedra is a uniform polyhedron compound. It's composed of a symmetric arrangement of 6 tetrahedra. It can be constructed by inscribing a stella octangula within each cube in the compound of three cubes, or by stellating each octahedron in the compound of three octahedra.

It is one of only five polyhedral compounds (along with the compound of two great dodecahedra, the compound of five great dodecahedra, the compound of two small stellated dodecahedra, and the compound of five small stellated dodecahedra) which is vertex-transitive and face-transitive but not edge-transitive.
The Blue Bird (1918 film)
The Blue Bird is a 1918 American silent fantasy film based upon the 1908 play by Maurice Maeterlinck and directed by Maurice Tourneur in the United States, under the auspices of producer Adolph Zukor. In 2004, this film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in its National Film Registry.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Ahmed Francis
Ahmed Francis (12 November 1910 – 31 August 1968) was an Algerian politician and nationalist, born in Relizane in a family originally from Miliana.

After studying medicine in Paris, France, where he got his doctorate in 1939, Ahmed returned to Algeria and started working in 1942 in Setif, the city of his friend Ferhat Abbas, whom he followed during the political evolution.

He was the Minister of Economy and Finance of the first Algerian government from 1958 to 1963.

Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic
The Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic (Arabic: الحكومة المؤقتة للجمهورية الجزائرية, ح م ج ج; French: Gouvernement provisoire de la République algérienne, GPRA) was the government-in-exile of the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) during the latter part of the Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962).
Willem Saris
Willem Egbert (Wim) Saris (born 8 July 1943) is a Dutch sociologist and Emeritus Professor of Statistics and Methodology, especially known for his work on "Causal modelling in non-experimental research" and measurement errors (for example, MTMM analyses and development of the Survey Quality Predictor (SQP) program).

Survey Research Methods
Survey Research Methods (SRM) is a peer-reviewed academic journal on survey methodology published by the European Survey Research Association. It was founded in 2005 by Peter Lynn (University of Essex), who became its first editor-in-chief. The first issue was published in 2007. The journal publishes articles in English discussing methodological issues of survey research. The current editor-in-chief is Ulrich Kohler (University of Potsdam). The journal is indexed by the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).  It has a 5-year citation index of 3.4 according to Web of Science. The journal has signed the Transparency and Openness Promotion Guidelines of the Center for Open Science. Articles published in Survey Research Methods are free of charges for both, readers and authors.
Hayato Ichihara
Hayato Ichihara (市原 隼人, Ichihara Hayato; February 6, 1987) is a Japanese actor who is best known for his roles in film and television, including the 2001 film All About Lily Chou-Chou. He was voted in Oricon's "fresh star ranking" poll for the first half of 2009 as the 5th most impactful young male celebrity of the year. Shortly after, he was also voted in another Oricon poll as the 4th most attractive male celebrity in a swimsuit. In 2011, Ichihara was voted as being the actor with the 7th best abs in a poll by NTT DoCoMo.

Saru Lock
Saru Lock (Japanese: 猿ロック, Hepburn: Saru Rokku; trans. Monkey Lock) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Naoki Serizawa. It was adapted into a television drama in 2009 and a live action film in 2010.

A reboot series titled Saru Lock Reboot began serialization in Shonen Gahosha's Young King Bull magazine in October 2018. A spin-off manga series titled Saitō - Heaven's Crow Fūun Risshi was serialized in the same magazine from November 2020 to June 2021.
Stribog Mountains
Stribog Mountains (Bulgarian: планина Стрибог, ‘Planina Stribog’ \pla-ni-'na 'stri-bog\) is the principal mountain system of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica rising to 2498 m (Mount Parry).  The feature is 40 km long in north-south direction and 15 km wide, connected to Stavertsi Ridge on the northeast by Viamata Saddle, to Avroleva Heights on the east by Doriones Saddle, and to Solvay Mountains on the south by Aluzore Gap.  It is heavily glaciated, with steeper and partly ice-free west slopes.

The mountains are named after the Slavic god of wind, ice and cold Stribog.

Viamata Saddle
Viamata Saddle (Bulgarian: седловина Виамата, ‘Sedlovina Viamata’ \se-dlo-vi-'na vi-a-'ma-ta\) is the ice-covered saddle of elevation 658 m on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica, connecting Stavertsi Ridge on the east-northeast to Stribog Mountains on the west-southwest.  It is part of the glacial divide between Paré Glacier to the northwest and a part of the ice cap draining east-southeastwards into Hill Bay.

The saddle is named after the ancient Roman station of Viamata in Southern Bulgaria.
Luakini
In ancient Hawaii, a luakini temple, or luakini heiau, was a Native Hawaiian sacred place where human and animal blood sacrifices were offered.

In Hawaiian tradition, luakini heiaus were first established by Paʻao, a legendary priest credited with establishing many of the rites and symbols typical of the stratified high chieftainships of the immediate pre-European-contact period.

List of currently known or reputed luakini heiaus:

Kauai

Wailua Complex of Heiaus

Oʻahu:

Puʻu O Mahuka, "Hill of Escape"

Maui:

Loaloa Heiau

Big Island of Hawaiʻi:

Puʻukohola National Historic Site

Moʻokini, birthplace of Kamehameha I

Aha'ula (now engulfed by lava)

Keʻeku Heiau on Kahaluʻu Bay

Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site
Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located on the northwestern coast of the island of Hawaiʻi. The site preserves the National Historic Landmark ruins of the last major Ancient Hawaiian temple, and other historic sites.
Belkovsky Island
Belkovsky Island (Russian: Бельковский Oстров; Yakut: Бельков Aрыыта, romanized: Bel'kov Arııta) is the westernmost island of the Anzhu Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands archipelago in the Laptev Sea.

New Siberian Islands
The New Siberian Islands (Russian: Новосиби́рские Oстрова, romanized: Novosibirskiye Ostrova; Yakut: Саҥа Сибиир Aрыылара, romanized: Saŋa Sibiir Arıılara) are an archipelago in the Extreme North of Russia, to the north of the East Siberian coast between the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea north of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, of whose Bulunsky District they are administratively a part.
Customer
In sales, commerce, and economics, a customer (sometimes known as a client, buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a good, service, product, or an idea, obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier via a financial transaction or an exchange for money or some other valuable consideration.

Vendor
In a supply chain, a vendor, supplier, provider or a seller, is an enterprise that contributes goods or services. Generally, a supply chain vendor manufactures inventory/stock items and sells them to the next link in the chain. Today, these terms refer to a supplier of any goods or service. In property sales, the vendor is the name given to the seller of the property.