hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yellow hypergiant
A yellow hypergiant (YHG) is a massive star with an extended atmosphere, a spectral class from A to K, and, starting with an initial mass of about 20–60 solar masses, has lost as much as half that mass. They are amongst the most visually luminous stars, with absolute magnitudes (MV) around −9, but also one of the rarest, with just 20 known in the Milky Way and six of those in just a single cluster. They are sometimes referred to as cool hypergiants in comparison with O- and B-type stars, and sometimes as warm hypergiants in comparison with red supergiants.

Instability strip
The unqualified term instability strip usually refers to a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram largely occupied by several related classes of pulsating variable stars: Delta Scuti variables, SX Phoenicis variables, and rapidly oscillating Ap stars (roAps) near the main sequence; RR Lyrae variables where it intersects the horizontal branch; and the Cepheid variables where it crosses the supergiants.

RV Tauri variables are also often considered to lie on the instability strip, occupying the area to the right of the brighter Cepheids (at lower temperatures), since their stellar pulsations are attributed to the same mechanism.
2011 Yukon/NWT Men's Curling Championship
The 2011 Yukon/NWT Men's Curling Championship was held February 10–13 at the Yellowknife Curling Club in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories.  The winning team of Jamie Koe will represent Yukon/NWT at the 2011 Tim Hortons Brier in London, Ontario.

2011 Tim Hortons Brier
The 2011 Tim Hortons Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held March 5 until March 13, 2011 at the John Labatt Centre in London, Ontario. This event marked the 30th time that the province of Ontario has hosted the Brier since it began in 1927 in Toronto, Ontario and the first time a Bronze Medal Game was added to the playoffs.

In the final, Manitoba's Jeff Stoughton defeated Ontario's Glenn Howard 8–6. Team Manitoba were nearly perfect in the game, curling a record 96%. The team led 4–2 after 5, and stole two points in the sixth to take a 6–2 lead, after Howard was light on a draw. Stoughton's win was the first win for Manitoba in 12 years, when he last won the event, and was the 27th title for the province. A total of 8,261 spectators were on hand to watch the final. Team Stoughton went on to represent Canada at the 2011 World Men's Curling Championship, where they won the gold medal.
Yoshito Yasuhara
Yoshito Yasuhara (安原 義人, Yasuhara Yoshito; born November 17, 1949, in Aioi, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese actor and voice actor. He is a member of Theatre Echo, a theatre troupe and talent management firm known for its comedy sketches. Yasuhara is known for being the Japanese dubbing voice of Mickey Rourke, Kevin Bacon, Bill Murray, Gary Oldman, Bill Pullman, Richard Gere, Tim Robbins, Kurt Russell, Tim Roth and Bob Odenkirk. He was also the first dub-over artist of Mel Gibson and Robin Williams in their early days.

Perman
Perman (Japanese: パーマン, Hepburn: Pāman) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Fujiko F. Fujio about a clumsy boy, Mitsuo Suwa, who is chosen to become a powerful superhero to save the world along with other superheroes. The manga series was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Sunday in 1967. The first anime series was first produced in black-and-white in 1967. The second anime series was made in color in 1983 with short films releasing in 1983, 2003 and 2004.

The original manga which started serialization in 1966 was a joint work. Perman 2 (Booby), Kabao, Sabu, and Birdman (Superman) were drawn by Abiko.

The continuation of the series serialized in 1983, was solely written by Fujimoto.
Intermediate-mass black hole
An intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) is a class of black hole with mass in the range of one hundred to one hundred thousand (102–105) solar masses: significantly higher than stellar black holes but lower than the hundred thousand to more than one billion (105–109) solar mass supermassive black holes. Several IMBH candidate objects have been discovered in the Milky Way galaxy and others nearby, based on indirect gas cloud velocity and accretion disk spectra observations of various evidentiary strength.

Pair-instability supernova
A pair-instability supernova is a type of supernova predicted to occur when pair production, the production of free electrons and positrons in the collision between atomic nuclei and energetic gamma rays, temporarily reduces the internal radiation pressure supporting a supermassive star's core against gravitational collapse. This pressure drop leads to a partial collapse, which in turn causes greatly accelerated burning in a runaway thermonuclear explosion, resulting in the star being blown completely apart without leaving a stellar remnant behind.

Pair-instability supernovae can only happen in stars with a mass range from around 130 to 250 solar masses and low to moderate metallicity (low abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium – a situation common in Population III stars).
Misraq Gashamo
Misraq Gashamo is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Jarar Zone, it is bordered on the south by the Werder Zone, on the southwest by Gunagadow, on the west by Aware, and on the north by Somaliland; it is frequently considered part of the Haud. The biggest town and capital of this district is Gashamo. The district is named after the town.

Gunagadow
Gunagadow is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Degehabur Zone, Gunagadow is bordered on the south by the Korahe Zone, one the west by Degehabur, on the north by Aware, and on the east by Misraq Gashamo. Gunagadow was part of Aware woreda.
Nürnberg American High School
Nürnberg American High School (NAHS) was a Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS) system school located near Nuremberg, Germany.  One of the original five DoDDS high schools in Germany, the school served the children of American military, government and civilian personnel from 1946 until its closing in 1995.

Department of Defense Dependents Schools
The Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS) are a network of schools, both primary and secondary, that serve the dependents of United States military and civilian United States Department of Defense (DoD) personnel in three areas of the world; Europe, Pacific, and Eastern United States and Caribbean areas. United States Contractor personnel supporting the Department of Defense overseas are eligible to send their dependents for a fee. The schools themselves are operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA). This school system is the tenth-largest American school system.
David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford
David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford (died 24 January 1445) was a regent to James II of Scotland. He was a member of Clan Lindsay, a Scottish Lowland clan. He was the son of Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Earl of Crawford by his wife Marjorie or Marjory of Dunbar.

At the Battle of Arbroath in 1445 the Clan Lindsay, led by the Master of Crawford, advanced with over 1000 men. Their enemy was the Clan Ogilvy who were also supported by men from the Clan Oliphant, Clan Gordon, Clan Seton and Clan Forbes of Pitsligo. The Earl, who was the Master of Crawford's father, rode between the two armies in an attempt to call a truce. However, an ill-advised Ogilvie, thinking that this was the start of the Lindsay's attack, threw his spear at the Earl, hitting him in the mouth and killing him instantly. So the battle began which went in the Clan Lindsay's favour.

Earl of Crawford
Earl of Crawford is one of the most ancient titles extant in Great Britain, having been created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1398 for Sir David Lindsay. It is the premier earldom recorded on the Union Roll.
Methyl phenyl sulfoxide
Methyl phenyl sulfoxide is the organosulfur compound with the formula CH3S(O)C6H5.  A low-melting white solid, it is an oxidized derivative of thioanisole. The compound is a prototypical chiral sulfoxide.  As such it has been prepared by asymmetric oxidation.

Thioanisole
Thioanisole is an organic compound with the formula CH3SC6H5. It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents. It is the simplest alkyl–aryl thioether. The name indicates that this compound is the sulfur analogue—the thioether rather than the oxygen-centered ether—of anisole.

It can be prepared by methylation of thiophenol.
Goral ethnolect
Goral, less frequently called Highlander or Highland Polish, is an ethnolect of the Lechitic group, more specifically of the Lesser Poland dialect group spoken by the Gorals. Its vocabulary was significantly influenced by many languages like Slovak, Rusyn, Hungarian, Romanian and German, being common vocabulary of the Carpathian region. Some consider Goral to be a microlanguage, alongside Silesian and to a lesser extent Masurian.

The term Goral derives from the Slavic word for mountain (góra, hora) and the noun-forming suffix denoting people -al.

The Goral ethnolect is often equated to the Podhale dialect; however, this is only one of the many Goral dialects. The term itself refers not to one dialect but to several unique dialects with similar vocabulary (mostly related to pastoralism) or common isoglosses like the aoristic -k.

Lesser Poland dialect group
The Lesser Polish dialect group (Polish: dialekt małopolski) is a  of dialect group of the Polish language used in Lesser Poland. The exact area is difficult to delineate due to the expansion of its features and the existence of transitional subdialects.

The common traits of the Lesser Polish dialect include:

mazurzenie

regressive voicing of obstruents, including across word boundaries; e.g.: kot leci [kɔd ˈlɛt͡ɕi] (standard Polish: [kɔt ˈlɛt͡ɕi])

differentiated nasalisation (or lack thereof) of /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ in different parts of the area

merger of stop+fricative consonant clusters into affricates; e.g.: trzysta [ˈt͡ʂɨsta] (standard Polish: [ˈtʂɨsta] or [ˈt͡ʂʂɨsta])

frequent usage of initial syllable stress, also oxytonic stress in vocative case (as opposed to paroxytonic stress common in other varieties of Polish)

frequent usage of grammatical particle "że" in imperative mood ("weźże" vs. "weź" – take)
Ornate sleeper-ray
The ornate sleeper-ray (Electrolux addisoni) is a species of electric ray in the family Narkidae, and the only member of the genus Electrolux. It lives on reefs feeding on polychaete worms and small crustaceans, it has only been seen by divers to feed during the daytime. It is endemic to the coast of South Africa. It was first recorded in 1984 but was not described until 2007. It was ranked as the number one newly described species of 2007 by the International Institute for Species Exploration.

In an episode of Extinct or Alive, an ornate-sleeper ray was caught on footage feeding.

Narkidae
Members of the family Narkidae are commonly known as sleeper rays. They are restricted to the temperate and tropical Indo-West Pacific from South Africa to Japan to Indonesia, and are exclusively marine and are absent from freshwater habitats. They occur from the intertidal zone to the continental shelf and the upper continental slope to a depth of 350 meters, favoring soft-bottomed habitats.
Council for Independent Education
CIFE is a professional association of English independent sixth-form colleges. It provides support to its member institutions and advice about GCE Advanced Level and university entrance to anyone who asks for it. CIFE's President is Alistair Cooke, Baron Lexden

Mander Portman Woodward
Mander Portman Woodward is a group of British independent schools, with branches in London, Birmingham and Cambridge, offering GCSE and A-Level courses.

Originally known as a crammer, MPW is also an option for full courses. The majority of students take two-year A-level courses. The chairman of the Governors is Steve Boyes. The CEO of the company is Spencer Coles, the former chief operating officer of Regent's University London.
Merrimac coup
The Merrimac coup (also known as Hobson's coup or Hobson's choice) is a contract bridge coup where a player (usually a defender) sacrifices a high card in order to eliminate a vital entry from an opponent's hand (usually a dummy). It was named after American steam ship Merrimac, which was sunk during the Spanish–American War in 1898 in Santiago de Cuba in an attempt to bottle up the Spanish fleet.

Coup (bridge)
In contract bridge, coup is a generic name for various techniques in play, denoting a specific pattern in the lie and the play of cards; it is a special play maneuver by declarer.

There are various types of coup which can be effected.
Die Verboten
Die Verboten is a Belgian krautrock-influenced band formed by David and Stephen Dewaele of Soulwax. The project, which also includes English-born electro artist Riton and his brother-in-law the artist and designer Fergadelic was announced in late 2006 in Belgian weekly magazine HUMO.

In an interview with Resident Advisor in April 2007, Riton said he was close to finishing the Die Verboten EP with the Dewaele brothers.

On Tuesday 19 May 2009, FACT magazine announced details of the first DIE VERBOTEN release 'Live in Eivissa'- an 18-minute recording on 12" vinyl with 3D pyramid artwork.

In an interview with Resident Advisor, David and Fergadelic talk about the future of Die Verboten.
David:"You can expect the next release to be a DVD (DieVerbotenDisc) which will include everything we have recorded until now - two albums worth of material".

This album / DVD was supposed to drop in 2009.

The album "2007" was released worldwide in 2015.

Soulwax
Soulwax are a Belgian electronic band and DJ/production collective from Ghent, who formed in 1995. Centred around brothers David and Stephen Dewaele, other current members include Igor and Laima Cavalera, and Stefaan Van Leuven. The group first rose to prominence following the release of their album Much Against Everyone's Advice, and have released five studio albums to date. Outside of Soulwax, the Dewaeles also perform DJ sets under the moniker 2manydjs (first known as The Fucking Dewaele Brothers/The Flying Dewaele Brothers).

The group are also known for their project Radio Soulwax. Their 2002 compilation, As Heard on Radio Soulwax Pt. 2, was named the best popular music album of 2002 by The New York Times. The brothers have also hosted a show on Belgian television, titled Alter8.
Buccal fat pad
The buccal fat pad (also called Bichat’s fat pad, after Xavier Bichat, and the buccal pad of fat) is one of several encapsulated fat masses in the cheek. It is a deep fat pad located on either side of the face between the buccinator muscle and several more superficial muscles (including the masseter, the zygomaticus major, and the zygomaticus minor). The inferior portion of the buccal fat pad is contained within the buccal space. It should not be confused with the malar fat pad, which is directly below the skin of the cheek. It should also not be confused with jowl fat pads. It is implicated in the formation of hollow cheeks and the nasolabial fold, but not in the formation of jowls.

Buccal space
The buccal space (also termed the buccinator space) is a fascial space of the head and neck (sometimes also termed fascial tissue spaces or tissue spaces). It is a potential space in the cheek, and is paired on each side. The buccal space is superficial to the buccinator muscle and deep to the platysma muscle and the skin. The buccal space is part of the subcutaneous space, which is continuous from head to toe.
Old Highway 16 Bridge
The Old Highway 16 Bridge is a historic closed-spandrel arch bridge near Edgemont, Arkansas.  It carries an unused old alignment of Arkansas Highway 16 across the manmade "Edgemont Cut", an excavation made in 1908 during construction of the now-abandoned Missouri and North Arkansas Railroad.  The bridge was built in 1936 with funding from the Works Progress Administration, and remained in regular service until 1963, when Highway 16 was realigned.  In that year, the United States Army Corps of Engineers moved the road north to its present alignment, filling in part of the old railway cut.  The bridge is subject to flooding during exceptionally high water events in Greers Ferry Lake.

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Arkansas Highway 16
Arkansas Highway 16 (AR 16) is a designation for three state highways in Arkansas. One segment of 24.13 miles (38.83 km) runs from U.S. Route 412 (US 412) in Siloam Springs east to Interstate 49 (I-49) in Fayetteville. A second segment of 71.67 miles (115.34 km) runs from I-49 in Fayetteville east to Highway 7 in the Ozark National Forest. A third segment of 132.69 miles (213.54 km) runs from Highway 7 at Sand Gap east to US 67B in Searcy. Highway 16 was created during the 1926 Arkansas state highway numbering, and much of the highway winds through the Ozarks, including the Ozark National Forest, where a portion of it is designated as an Arkansas Scenic Byway. The route has two spur routes in Northwest Arkansas; in Fayetteville and Siloam Springs.
Havasupai Indian Reservation
The Havasupai Indian Reservation is a Native American reservation for the Havasupai people, bordering Grand Canyon National Park, in Coconino County in Arizona, United States. It is considered one of America's most remote Indian reservations. The reservation is governed by a seven-member tribal council, led by a chairman who is elected from among the members of the council. The capital of the reservation is Supai, situated at the bottom of Cataract Canyon (also known as Havasu Canyon), one of the tributary canyons of the Grand Canyon. Havasupai is a combination of the words Havasu (meaning "blue-green water") and pai (meaning "people"), thus meaning "people of the blue-green waters".

Havasu Creek
Havasu Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Arizona. It is a tributary to the Colorado River, which it joins in the Grand Canyon. It primarily runs through the Havasupai Indian Reservation. It is sometimes called Cataract Creek, and should not be confused with Cataract Canyon, Utah.
Belgium men's national under-16 basketball team
The Belgium men's national under-16 basketball team is a national basketball team of Belgium, administered by the Basketball Belgium. It represents the country in international under-16 men's basketball competitions.

Basketball Belgium
Basketball Belgium (French: Basketball Belgique, Dutch: Basketbal België, German: Basketball Belgien) is the governing body of basketball in Belgium. It was founded in 1933, and they became members of FIBA the same year. They are headquartered in Brussels.

Basketball Belgium operates the Belgium men's national team and Belgium women's national team. They organise national competitions in Belgium, for both the men's and women's senior teams, and also the youth national basketball teams.

The top professional league in Belgium is the BNXT League.
Juliopolis
Juliopolis or Ioulioupolis (Greek: Ἰουλιούπολις), occasionally also Heliopolis (Ἡλιούπολις), was an ancient and medieval city and episcopal see in Anatolia (modern Turkey). In later Byzantine times, it also bore the name Basilaion (Βασιλαίον). Various authors assign it to the regions of Galatia, Bithynia, and Paphlagonia. Now, it is in the province of Ankara, Nallıhan.

Nallıhan
Nallıhan is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,079 km2, and its population 26,553 (2022). It is 157 km from the city of Ankara. Its elevation is 625 m.

Nallıhan is one of many towns that claim to be the burial place of Taptuk Emre, who lived in the 12-13th century, and was the teacher of the popular folk poet and dervish Yunus Emre. Nallıhan Davutoğlan Bird Paradise attracts local and foreign tourists.
Herd immunity
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or mass immunity) is a form of indirect protection that applies only to contagious diseases. It occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, whether through previous infections or vaccination, that the communicable pathogen cannot maintain itself in the population, its low incidence thereby reducing the likelihood of infection for individuals who lack immunity.

Once the herd immunity has been reached, disease gradually disappears from a population and may result in eradication or permanent reduction of infections to zero if achieved worldwide. Herd immunity created via vaccination has contributed to the reduction of many diseases.

Contagious disease
A contagious disease is an infectious disease that can be spread rapidly in several ways, including direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet contact.

These diseases are caused by organisms such as parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Many types of organisms live on the human body and they can sometimes cause disease.

Some common infectious diseases are influenza, COVID-19, ebola, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, Human papillomavirus infection, Polio, and Zika virus.

A disease is often known to be contagious before medical science discovers its causative agent. Koch's postulates, which were published at the end of the 19th century, were the standard for the next 100 years or more, especially with diseases caused by bacteria. Microbial pathogenesis attempts to account for diseases caused by a virus.
TNSDL
TNSDL stands for TeleNokia Specification and Description Language. TNSDL is based on the ITU-T SDL-88 language. It is used exclusively at Nokia Networks, primarily for developing applications for telephone exchanges.

Actor model
The actor model in computer science is a mathematical model of concurrent computation that treats an actor as the basic building block of concurrent computation. In response to a message it receives, an actor can: make local decisions, create more actors, send more messages, and determine how to respond to the next message received. Actors may modify their own private state, but can only affect each other indirectly through messaging (removing the need for lock-based synchronization).

The actor model originated in 1973. It has been used both as a framework for a theoretical understanding of computation and as the theoretical basis for several practical implementations of concurrent systems. The relationship of the model to other work is discussed in actor model and process calculi.
Astrothalamus
Astrothalamus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Urticaceae.

Its native range extends from Northern Borneo to the Philippines.

The species include:

Astrothalamus reticulatus (Wedd.) C.B.Rob.

Urticaceae
The Urticaceae /ɜːrtɪˈkeɪsiː/ are a family, the nettle family,  of flowering plants. The family name comes from the genus Urtica. The Urticaceae family includes a number of well-known and useful plants, including nettles in the genus Urtica, Ramie (Boehmeria nivea), māmaki (Pipturus albidus), and ajlai (Debregeasia saeneb).

The family includes about 2,625 species, grouped into 53 genera. The largest genera are Pilea (500 to 715 species), Elatostema (300 species), Urtica (80 species), and Cecropia (75 species). Cecropia contains many myrmecophytes.

Urticaceae species can be found worldwide, but most species are found in tropical ecosystems, especially tropical Asia.