hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soko J-21 Jastreb
The Soko J-21 Jastreb (from Serbian Cyrillic: јастреб, lit. 'hawk'), referred to as the J-1 Jastreb in some sources, is a Yugoslav single-seat, single-engined, light attack aircraft, designed by the Aeronautical Technical Institute (ATI) and Military Technical Institute (VTI), in Belgrade, and manufactured by SOKO in Mostar. Derived from the G-2 Galeb advanced jet trainer and light attack aircraft, it was designed in single-seat ground-attack and two-seat advanced flying/weapon training versions.

Military Technical Institute
Military Technical Institute (Serbian: Војнотехнички институт, romanized: Vojnotehnički institut; abbr. VTI) is a Serbian weapons and aircraft design institute, governed by the Ministry of Defence. It is a top-level military scientific research institution in Serbia, dealing with research and development (R&D) of new weaponry and military equipment as well as with upgrade of the inventory for both branches of the Serbian Armed Forces, Army and Air Force and Defence.

The institute has 22 laboratories, and it is situated on 212 acres (86 hectares), with 177,000 square meters laboratories and office space, mostly in Belgrade neighborhood of Žarkovo.
Newton polytope
In mathematics, the Newton polytope is an integral polytope associated with a multivariate polynomial that can be used in the asymptotic analysis of those polynomials.  It is a generalization of the Kruskal–Newton diagram developed for the analysis of bivariant polynomials.

Given a vector  of variables and a finite family  of pairwise distinct vectors from  each encoding the exponents within a monomial, consider the multivariate polynomial

where we use the shorthand notation  for the monomial .  Then the Newton polytope associated to  is the convex hull of the vectors ; that is

In order to make this well-defined, we assume that all coefficients  are non-zero. The Newton polytope satisfies the following homomorphism-type property: 

where the addition is in the sense of Minkowski.

Newton polytopes are the central object of study in tropical geometry and characterize the Gröbner bases for an ideal.

Integral polytope
In geometry and polyhedral combinatorics, an integral polytope is a convex polytope whose vertices all have integer Cartesian coordinates. That is, it is a polytope that equals the convex hull of its integer points.
Integral polytopes are also called lattice polytopes or Z-polytopes (after the Z set). The special cases of two- and three-dimensional integral polytopes may be called integral polygons or integral polyhedra, respectively.
Hole Farm Community Woodland
Hole Farm Community Woodland near Great Warley, Brentwood, Essex, is a 100-acre woodland and visitor centre developed by National Highways, in conjunction with Forestry England, as part of the environmental mitigations for the planned Lower Thames Crossing. The woodland was planned to open to the public in 2025, but National Highways announced it would open in Spring 2026.

Great Warley
Great Warley is a village in the Borough of Brentwood in Essex, England. It is located 2 miles (3 km) south-west of the centre of Brentwood. It is situated to the far south-west of the county, on the B186 road near to the Greater London boundary and the M25 London Orbital Motorway. Great Warley was formerly a civil parish.
Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau
The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB) is a part of the 15 policy bureaux for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.  They are responsible for developing and executing government policy on finance and treasury.  The agency was established on 1 July 2002.  The current (since 1 July 2017) Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury is Christopher Hui and the under secretary is Joseph Chan.

Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury
The Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, head of Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau of the Hong Kong Government, is responsible for the monitoring of financial services sector and maintaining the assets of the government.

The position was created on 1 July 2002, when the Principal Officials Accountability System was introduced, by merging the previous positions of Secretary for the Treasury and Secretary for Financial Services.
Western Tatras
The Western Tatras (Slovak: Západné Tatry; Polish: Tatry Zachodnie) are mountains in the Tatras, part of the Carpathian Mountains, located on the Polish-Slovak border. The mountains border the High Tatras in the east, Podtatranská kotlina in the south, Choč Mountains in the west and Rów Podtatrzański in the north. The main ridge is 37 kilometers long and the mountain range contains 31 two-thousanders.

Western Tatras are the second highest mountain range both in Poland and Slovakia; its highest peak is Bystrá at 2,248 meters. Other notable mountains include Jakubiná (2,194 m), Baranec (2,184 m), Baníkov (2,178 m), Tri kopy (2,136.3 m), Plačlivé (2,125.1 m), Ostrý Roháč (2,087.5 m), Volovec (Polish: Wołowiec; 2,064 m), Kasprowy Wierch (Slovak: Kasprov vrch; 1,987 m) and Giewont (1,894 m). They are partially located in the traditional regions of Liptov, Orava and Podhale. The highest point in Poland is Starorobociański Wierch (2,176 m).

Giewont
Giewont (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡʲɛvɔnt] ⓘ) is a mountain massif in the Tatra Mountains of Poland. Its highest peak, Great Giewont (Wielki Giewont), is 1,894 metres (6,214 ft)  above sea level and one of the highest peaks of the Western Tatras (Polish: Tatry Zachodnie) located entirely within Poland's borders. The mountain is regarded as the symbol of Zakopane, the Polish Tatras and Podhale, which throughout history has been the subject of many legends, poems and works of art.
Battle of García Hernández
The Battle of García Hernández was fought on 23 July 1812 during the Peninsular War. In the battle, two cavalry brigades of the British Army's King's German Legion (KGL) under Major-General Eberhardt Otto George von Bock defeated 4,000 French troops led by General Maximilien Sébastien Foy. In what would otherwise have been an unremarkable skirmish, the KGL dragoons achieved the unusual feat of breaking two French squares, those of the 6th, 69th and 76th Line, routing the entire French force with heavy losses.

Eberhardt Otto George von Bock
Major-General Eberhardt Otto George von Bock (1755 – 21 January 1814) was a Hanoverian army officer who served in the Hanoverian and British armies and fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
Zurich Letten railway station
Zurich Letten (German: Bahnhof Zürich Letten) is a former railway station in the Swiss city of Zurich. It is situated on the old route of the Lake Zurich right bank railway (Rechtsufrige Zürichseebahn) from Zürich HB to Rapperswil via Tiefenbrunnen.

Radical changes to the local railway geography in conjunction with the opening of the Zurich S-Bahn system led to the closure of the station in 1989, but the station building still exists, and the trackbed and viaducts are used as a pedestrian path/cycling route.

The former railway station is adjacent to the Letten Power Station on the Limmat.

Zürich Wipkingen railway station
Zürich Wipkingen railway station (German: Bahnhof Zürich Wipkingen) is a railway station in the Wipkingen quarter of the Swiss city of Zurich, within fare zone 110 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV). It is situated on the Zürich–Winterthur railway line, which was built by the Swiss Northeastern Railway (Schweizerische Nordostbahn).

The route towards Zürich HB leads over the Wipkingen viaduct (Wipkinger Viadukt). Immediately at the northern end of the station, the Wipkingen Tunnel starts and connects it to Zürich Oerlikon.
Atomè
Atomè is an arrondissement in the Kouffo department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Aplahoué. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 13,582.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
North Midland Railway
The North Midland Railway was a railway line and British railway company, which opened a line from the city of Derby in Derbyshire to the city of Leeds in Yorkshire in 1840.

At Derby, it connected with the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway and the Midland Counties Railway at what became known as the Tri-Junct Station. In 1844, the three companies merged to form the Midland Railway.

Wingfield railway station
Wingfield railway station served a rural area of Derbyshire, England between 1840 and 1967. Starting in 2019 the building was restored to how it looked in 1840, and now operates as a tea room, shop, and heritage centre, with views of the Midland mainline.
Esca (grape disease)
Esca is a grape disease of mature grapevines. It is a type of grapevine trunk disease.

The fungi Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Fomitiporia mediterranea are associated with the disease.

Phaeoacremonium aleophilum
Phaeoacremonium aleophilum is a fungus species in the genus Phaeoacremonium. It is associated with Phaeomoniella chlamydospora in esca in mature grapevines and decline in young vines (Petri disease), two types of grapevine trunk disease.

Togninia minima is the teleomorph (the sexual reproductive stage) of P. aleophilum.
Tønder
Tønder (Danish pronunciation: [ˈtsʰønˀɐ]; German: Tondern [ˈtɔndɐn]) is a town in the Region of Southern Denmark. With a population of 7,477 (as of 1 January 2025), it is the main town and the administrative seat of the Tønder Municipality.

1920 Schleswig plebiscites
The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 109 to 114 of the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former Duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.

The plebiscites were held on 10 February and 14 March 1920, and the result was that the larger northern portion (Zone I) voted to join Denmark, which occurred 15 June 1920, while the smaller southern portion (Zone II) voted to remain part of Germany.

Order in the plebiscite area was ensured by a joint British-French mission, whose work was awarded the official award of Denmark - "Schleswig Commemorative Medal 1920" — "Schleswig Memorial Medal 1920" (other spellings of the name are "Schleswig Plebiscite Medal 1920" and "Den Slesvigske Eringdringsmedaille af 1920").
Oliver Jeffers
Oliver Brendan Jeffers MBE (born October 5, 1977) is an Australian-born Northern Irish artist, illustrator and writer. He went to the integrated secondary school Hazelwood College, then graduated from the University of Ulster in 2001.  He relocated back to Northern Ireland in the early 2020s after a spell living and working in Brooklyn.

Hazelwood Integrated College
Hazelwood Integrated College is an integrated secondary school in Newtownabbey, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The school's students are aged from 11 to 18 years. As of September 2018, the school's principal was Ms Máire Thompson.
Kathleen Ivaluarjuk Merritt
Kathleen Ivaluarjuk Merritt is an Inuit throat singer, poet, writer, and musician from Rankin Inlet, Nunavut. Her work is under the artist name Ivaluarjuk, and blends Celtic music and fiddle with throat singing. She is Irish and Inuk.

Inuit throat singing
Inuit throat singing, or katajjaq (Inuktitut: ᑲᑕᔾᔭᖅ), is a distinct type of throat singing uniquely found among the Inuit. It is a form of musical performance,  traditionally consisting of two women who sing duets in a close face-to-face formation with no instrumental accompaniment, in an entertaining contest to see who can outlast the other; however, one of the genre's most famous practitioners, Tanya Tagaq, performs as a solo artist. Several groups, including Tudjaat, The Jerry Cans, Quantum Tangle and Silla + Rise, blend traditional throat singing with mainstream musical genres such as pop, folk, rock and dance music.

An analogous form called rekuhkara was once practiced among the Ainu of Hokkaidō, Japan.
Port Jefferson Village Historic District
Port Jefferson Village Historic District is a national historic district located at Port Jefferson in Suffolk County, New York.  The district contains 98 contributing buildings.  It includes a mix of residences, commercial buildings, and a church.  The district is primarily residential dating from 1800 to 1915, with a majority built from the 1840s to 1870s in the Greek Revival and Italianate styles.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Port Jefferson, New York
Port Jefferson, also known as Port Jeff, is an incorporated village in the town of Brookhaven in Suffolk County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 7,962 at the time of the 2020 census.

Port Jefferson was first settled in the 17th century and remained a rural community until its development as an active shipbuilding center in the mid-19th century. The village has since transitioned to a tourist-based economy. The community's port remains active as the terminus of the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Ferry – one of two commercial ferry lines between Long Island and Connecticut – and is supplemented by the terminus of the Long Island Rail Road's Port Jefferson Branch. It is also the center of the Greater Port Jefferson region of northwestern Brookhaven, serving as the cultural, commercial and transportation hub of the neighboring Port Jefferson Station, Belle Terre, Mount Sinai, Miller Place, Poquott, and the Setaukets.
Hanover Subdivision
The Hanover Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the U.S. states of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The line runs from Baltimore, Maryland, west to Hagerstown, Maryland, along several former Western Maryland Railway (WM) lines. It meets the Baltimore Terminal Subdivision at its east end, and the Lurgan Subdivision heads both north and west from its west end.

Western Maryland Railway
The Western Maryland Railway (reporting mark WM) nicknamed the Wild Mary was a small American Class I railroad (1852–1983) that operated in 3 US States, Maryland (Western Region), West Virginia (Eastern Region), and Pennsylvania (Southern Region) around the Allegheny Regions of the Appalachian Mountains with its headquarters in Baltimore, Maryland. It was primarily a coal hauling and freight railroad, with a small passenger train operation until 1958 when the WM discontinued all of its passenger service.

The WM became a property of the Chessie System holding company in 1973, although it continued independent operations until May 1975 after which many of its lines were abandoned in favor of parallel Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) lines.

In 1983, it was fully merged into the B&O, which later was also merged with the former Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) into the Chessie System in 1987, which then merged with the Seaboard System to form CSX Transportation.
Acorn
The acorn  is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera Quercus, Notholithocarpus and Lithocarpus, in the family Fagaceae); alternatively known as glans. It usually contains a seedling surrounded by two cotyledons (seedling leaves), enclosed in a tough shell known as the pericarp, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule. Acorns are 1–6 cm (1⁄2–2+1⁄2 in) long and 0.8–4 cm (3⁄8–1+5⁄8 in) on the fat side. Acorns take between 5 and 24 months (depending on the species) to mature; see the list of Quercus species for details of oak classification, in which acorn morphology and phenology are important factors.

Notholithocarpus
Notholithocarpus densiflorus, commonly known as the tanoak or tanbark-oak, is a broadleaf tree in the family Fagaceae, and the type species of the genus Notholithocarpus. It is a hardwood tree that is native to the far western United States, particularly Oregon and California. It ranges from 15–40 meters (49–131 feet) in height, with a trunk diameter of 60–190 centimeters (24–75 inches). There are a number of radical and incompatible perceptions of tanoak, it has been seen as a cash crop to treasured food plant to trash tree.
Botulu
Botulu (Russian: Ботулу; Yakut: Боотулу, Bootulu) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Kyotyordyokh, in Botulunsky Rural Okrug of Verkhnevilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 120 kilometers (75 mi) from Verkhnevilyuysk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 815; down from 860 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Kyotyordyokh
Kyotyordyokh (Russian: Кётёрдёх; Yakut: Көтөрдөөх, Kötördööx) is a rural locality (a selo) in Botulunsky Rural Okrug of Verkhnevilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 140 kilometers (87 mi) from Verkhnevilyuysk, the administrative center of the district, and 20 kilometers (12 mi) from Botulu, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 102, of whom 55 were male and 47 female, down from 129 as recorded during the 2002 Census.
Sahline Sebkha
Sahline Sebkha is a railway station on the outskirts of Monastir, Tunisia. It is operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Tunisiens.

The station sits among lagoons used for the extraction of salt. Trains from the station run on the electrified, metre-gauge Sahel Metro line and serve Sousse to the north.

The station lies between the Sahline station to the west and Hotels Monastir to the east.

Hotels Monastir
Hotels Monastir is a railway station on the outskirts of Monastir, Tunisia. It is operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Tunisiens.

Trains from the station run on the electrified, metre-gauge Sahel Metro line and serve Sousse to the north.

The station lies between the Sahline Sebkha to the west and Skanes-Monastir airport station to the east.
Phrumsengla National Park
27°16′59″N 90°58′40″E﻿ / ﻿27.28306°N 90.97778°E﻿ / 27.28306; 90.97778

Phrumsengla National Park (Dzongkha: ཕུརམ་སེང་ལ་རྒྱལ་ཡོངས་གླིང་ག), formerly Thrumshingla National Park, in central Bhutan covers just over 905 square kilometres (349 sq mi) across four districts, but primarily in Mongar. It is bisected by the Lateral Road, and contains the Thrumshing La pass.

Mongar District
27°10′N 91°10′E﻿ / ﻿27.167°N 91.167°E﻿ / 27.167; 91.167

Mongar District (Dzongkha: མོང་སྒར་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Mong-sgar rdzong-khag) is one of the 20 dzongkhags (districts) comprising Bhutan. Mongar is the fastest-developing dzongkhag in eastern Bhutan. A regional hospital has been constructed and the region is bustling with many economic activities. Mongar is noted for its lemon grass, a plant that can be used to produce an essential oil. It also has a hydroelectric power-plant on the Kuri Chhu river. Mongar is notable for having the longest work time in all the dzongkhags of Bhutan.
Asle Amundsen
Asle Amundsen (born 27 June 1952) is a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Nordland during the term 1985–1989. He met during 32 days of parliamentary session. He was the first deputy of Hanna Kvanmo. Outside of politics, he worked as a farmer in Andøy Municipality.

Hanna Kvanmo
Hanna Kristine Kvanmo (June 14, 1926 – June 23, 2005) was a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party. She served as a Member of Parliament from 1973 to 1989, representing the county of Nordland, as the first parliamentary leader of the Socialist Left Party from 1977 to 1989. She was a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1991 to 2002, and served as the committee's vice chair from 1993 to 1998. During her term on the Nobel committee, she participated in the decisions to award the Nobel Peace Prize to individuals such as Aung San Suu Kyi, Nelson Mandela, Yasser Arafat and Kofi Annan. She worked for the thoroughly nazified German Red Cross in the ending years of the Second World War, and she was convicted for treason following her repatriation to Norway in 1947.

By profession, she was a teacher.
Statue of Florence Nightingale, London
The statue of Florence Nightingale is an outdoor Grade II-listed sculpture in London, United Kingdom. It was sculpted in 1915 by Arthur George Walker, and is a subsidiary part of the Guards Crimean War Memorial.

Guards Crimean War Memorial
The Guards Crimean War Memorial is a Grade II listed memorial in St James's, London, that commemorates the Allied victory in the Crimean War of 1853–56. It is located on Waterloo Place, at the junction of Regent Street and Pall Mall, approximately one-quarter of the way from the Duke of York Column to Piccadilly Circus.
Lord Keeper Act 1562
The Lord Keeper Act 1562 (5 Eliz. 1. c. 18) was an act of the Parliament of England. It made the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal "entitled to like place, pre-eminence, jurisdiction, execution of laws, and all other customs, commodities, and advantages as the Lord Chancellor."

Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
The Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, and later of Great Britain, was formerly an officer of the English Crown charged with physical custody of the Great Seal of England. This position evolved into that of one of the Great Officers of State.
Bloomington, Indiana
Bloomington is a city in Monroe County, Indiana, United States, and its county seat. The population was 79,168 at the 2020 census. It is the seventh-most populous city in Indiana and the fourth-most populous outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. It is the home of Indiana University Bloomington, the flagship campus of the Indiana University system. Established in 1820, IU Bloomington enrolls over 45,000 students.

The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington. It is the principal city of the Bloomington metropolitan area in south-central Indiana, which had 161,039 residents in 2020. Bloomington has been designated a Tree City USA since 1984. The city was also the location of the Academy Award–winning 1979 movie Breaking Away, featuring a reenactment of Indiana University's annual Little 500 bicycle race.

Griffy Lake
Griffy Reservoir, commonly known as Lake Griffy, is a reservoir in the city of Bloomington, Indiana. Created by a dam on Griffy Creek in the 1920s, the reservoir used to serve as the main source of drinking water for Bloomington for several decades, until that role was taken over by the larger Lake Lemon and Lake Monroe in the 1950s.

A large part of the lake's forested watershed is designated as the Griffy Lake Nature Preserve (GLNP). Another part of the watershed is included into Indiana University's 
Research and Teaching Preserve as its Griffy Woods section. Griffy Woods includes a smaller reservoir, known as the University Lake, which in a sense was a predecessor of Griffy Lake, and is part of the latter's watershed.