hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matthias Grünewald
Matthias Grünewald (c. 1470 – 31 August 1528; also known as Mathis Gothart Nithart) was a German Renaissance painter of religious works who ignored Renaissance classicism to continue the style of late medieval Central European art into the 16th century.

Only ten paintings—including several polyptychs—and thirty-five drawings survive, all religious, although many others were lost at sea on their way to Sweden as war booty. He was obscure until the late nineteenth century, when many of his paintings were attributed to Albrecht Dürer, who is now seen as his stylistic antithesis. His largest and most famous work is the Isenheim Altarpiece created c. 1512 to 1516.

Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe
The Staatliche Kunsthalle (State Art Gallery) is an fine art museum in Karlsruhe, Germany. Its collection consists of works by mainly German, French, Flemish and Dutch masters from the past eight centuries. The museum was conceived in the early 19th century by Heinrich Hübsch as a “Gesamtkunstwerk” combining architecture, painting and sculpture to house the collection of the Grand Duke of Baden.

The Kunsthalle Karlsruhe was one of the first museum buildings in Germany and is one of the very few to have largely retained its original design.
Mumbar dolması
Mumbar dolması (Turkish, also bumbar; Armenian: փոր լցոնած or դալակ դոլմա, keebah; Arabic: فوارغ) is a sausage or dolma of Anatolian origin that is made with mutton, rice, black pepper, salt and cinnamon stuffed into an intestine casing. After the sausage has been cooked by boiling and allowed to cool, it is sliced and fried in butter. Sometimes it is dipped in an egg batter before being fried.

Dolma
Dolma is any of a family of stuffed dishes largely associated with Ottoman cuisine, typically made with a filling of rice, minced meat, offal, seafood, fruit, or any combination of these inside either a leaf wrapping or a hollow or hollowed-out vegetable (e.g. a bell pepper). The leaf-wrapped type can be specifically known as sarma. Less commonly, both fruits and meat (particularly offal) may also be stuffed with similar fillings. Dolma can be served warm or at room temperature and are common in modern cuisines of regions and nations that once were part of the Ottoman Empire.
Austin Daily Herald
The Austin Daily Herald  is an American, English language newspaper published Wednesday and Saturday mornings in Austin, Minnesota.

It was founded in 1891 as a six-day-a-week daily by A.B. Hunkins, inventor of the automatic addressing press.

The Austin Daily Herald is owned by Boone Newspapers, Inc.

Austin, Minnesota
Austin is a city in and the county seat of Mower County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 26,174 at the 2020 census. The town was originally settled along the Cedar River and has two artificial lakes, East Side Lake and Mill Pond. It was named for Austin R. Nichols, the area's first European settler. It is part of the Rochester–Austin combined statistical area.

Hormel Foods Corporation is Austin's largest employer, and the city is sometimes called "SPAM Town USA". Austin is home to Hormel's corporate headquarters, a factory that makes most of North America's SPAM tinned meat, and the Spam Museum. Austin is also home to the Hormel Institute, a leading cancer research institution operated by the University of Minnesota with significant support from the Mayo Clinic.
Normandy High School (Ohio)
Normandy High School (commonly Normandy or NHS) is a public high school in Parma, Ohio, United States, serving students in grades 9–12. The school is part of the Parma City School District, with admission primarily based on students' home locations. Established in 1968, Normandy is located approximately three miles west of Interstate 77 on West Pleasant Valley Road. As of the 2005-06 year, the school had an enrollment of 1,283 students and 77.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student-teacher ratio of 16.5.

Parma, Ohio
Parma is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is a suburb south of Cleveland. The population was 81,146 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 79,350 in 2024, making it the seventh-most populous city in Ohio, the largest suburb in the state, and the second-largest city in Cuyahoga County. Part of the Greater Cleveland has an estimated 2,171,877 residents in the 2024 estimate. Parma is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) south of Cleveland.
Harry Wendelstedt Umpire School
The Harry Wendelstedt Umpire School  is an independent umpire training program recognized by the minor leagues and major leagues. It is located in Ormond Beach, Florida. It runs for five weeks each early January through early February. The school is open to both men and women; the first woman ever to work a Major League Baseball (MLB) spring training game, Pam Postema, graduated from the school, as have a number of other female professional umpires. The school was previously known as the Bill McGowan School for Umpires and the Al Somers Umpire School.

Pam Postema
Pamela Postema (born April 1954) is an American former baseball umpire. In 1988 she became the first female baseball umpire to officiate a Major League Baseball spring training game. For her unique contributions to the game, she was inducted into the Baseball Reliquary's Shrine of the Eternals in 2000.
Henri Beauclair
Henri Eugène Amédée Beauclair (December 21, 1860 at Lisieux – May 11, 1919 in Paris) was a French poet, novelist, and journalist. He was the chief editor of the daily newspaper Le Petit Journal from 1906 to 1914. He worked for a number of publications, including Lutèce, Le Chat noir, Le Procope, journal parlé (1893–1898), and Le Sagittaire, a monthly revue of art and literature (1900–1901).

He had a taste and an unquestionable talent for satire and pastiche. He collaborated with poet Gabriel Vicaire, with whom he wrote the famous Déliquescences of Adoré Floupette (1885), a parody of the Decadent movement in poetry which caused several months of vigorous debate within Parisian literary circles.

Adoré Floupette
Adoré Floupette is the collective pseudonym of French authors Henri Beauclair and Gabriel Vicaire used for their 1885 literary spoof titled Les Déliquescences d'Adoré Floupette, a collection of poems satirising French symbolism and the Decadent movement.

Stanley Chapman's translation was published by the Atlas Press.

The Australian author David Brooks argued in his 2011 book, The Sons of Clovis, that the Ern Malley hoax was modelled on this work.
Scary Kids Scaring Kids
Scary Kids Scaring Kids (abbreviated SKSK) is an American post-hardcore band formed in Gilbert, Arizona in 2002.

The band's name was taken from the Cap'n Jazz song of the same name.  They released two studio albums The City Sleeps in Flames (2005) and the self-titled Scary Kids Scaring Kids (2007) with the late member and lead vocalist Tyson Stevens. The band disbanded following a farewell tour in 2010. In 2019, the group reunited and released their third studio album, Out of Light (2022).

Cove Reber
Cove Reber (born August 28, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter known for his contributions to the post-hardcore music scene. He is best known for his tenure as the lead vocalist of Saosin from 2004 to 2010. In 2024, Reber, alongside Anthony Green, joined Saosin for their 20th anniversary tour and live album. Since 2021, he has toured with Saosin, sharing vocal duties with Anthony Green. Reber has also fronted the bands Dead American and Lé Tired.
Larivière
Larivière (N. et A. C. Larivière) was a sleigh and omnibus builder in Montreal, Quebec, Canada providing vehicles for affluent clients in Montreal and early transit operators.

The company was founded by brothers Noel and Adolphe Clément Larivière began operations sometime in 1850 manufacturing horse carriages and by the end of the 19th century electric streetcars. The company began to decline around 1890s and finally disappeared around 1903.

Streetcars in Montreal
Prior to 1959, Montreal, Quebec, Canada had an extensive streetcar system.  The streetcar network had its beginnings with the horsecar era of the Montreal City Passenger Railway in 1861.  The initial line was along Rue Notre Dame (Notre Dame St) from Rue du Havre (Harbor St) to Rue McGill (McGill St).
Dickinson Packers
The Dickinson Packers  were a minor league baseball team based in Dickinson, North Dakota. The Packers played as members of the Independent level Manitoba-Dakota League in 1955 and 1956, reaching the league finals in 1955.

Dickinson hosted home minor league games at the ballpark known today as Dakota Community Bank & Trust Ballpark.

Dickinson, North Dakota
Dickinson is a city in and the county seat of Stark County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 25,679 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh most populous city in North Dakota. Dickinson, founded in 1881, is also home to Dickinson State University.

Since the North Dakota oil boom the city has become one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States. According to the 2020 census, the city is estimated to have a population of 25,679, however, other sources have estimates of the population at 33,646 or possibly exceeding 35,000. Dickinson is home to the Ukrainian Cultural Institute, which has a museum and holds events year-round for the local Ukrainian community.

Dickinson is the principal city of the Dickinson Micropolitan Statistical Area, a micropolitan area that covers Billings and Stark counties and had a combined population of 34,591 at the 2020 census.
El Azuzul
El Azuzul is an Olmec archaeological site in Veracruz, Mexico, a few kilometers south of the San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán complex and generally considered contemporary with it (perhaps 1100 to 800 BCE). Named for the ranch on which it is located, El Azuzul is part of the Loma del Zapote complex. The site occupies the higher elevations north of the confluence of two ancient river courses, a part of the Coatzacoalcos River system. It is upstream of the monumental earthworks at Potrero Nuevo, which is part of the San Lorenzo complex.

San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán or San Lorenzo is the collective name for three related archaeological sites—San Lorenzo, Tenochtitlán and Potrero Nuevo—located in the southeast portion of the Mexican state of Veracruz. Along with La Venta and Tres Zapotes, it was one of the three major cities of the Olmec, and the major center of Olmec culture from 1400 BCE to 900 BCE. San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán is best known today for the colossal stone heads unearthed there, the greatest of which weigh 28 metric tons (28 long tons; 31 short tons) or more and are 3 metres (9.8 ft) high.

The site is not to be confused with Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital located within Mexico City.  Administrative names were translated into Aztec/Nahuatl and spread alongside Catholic names during the European conquest, replacing any original locality names, as the original Olmec name was lost.
Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians
The Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) is the professional association of emergency physicians in Canada. It is also known in French as Association Canadienne des Médecins d'Urgence (ACMU). The official journal of the CAEP is the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine.

The CAEP helped found the International Federation for Emergency Medicine in 1991 along with the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM), and the (then) British Association for Emergency Medicine (BAEM).

Royal College of Emergency Medicine
The Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) is an independent professional association of emergency physicians in the United Kingdom which sets standards of training and administers examinations for emergency medicine. The patron is the Princess Royal.
National High School Student Movement
The National High School Student Movement (French: Mouvement national lycéen, MNL), formerly known as the National High School Students' Union - Syndical and Democratic (French: Union Nationale Lycéenne - Syndicale et Démocratique, UNL-SD), is a French high school students' union created in 2016 as a breakaway from the National High School Students' Union. It is legally structured as a 1901 association law.

Union Syndicale Lycéenne
The Union Syndicale Lycéenne (French pronunciation: [ynjɔ̃ sɛ̃dikal liseɛn]) is a French high school union that was established in 2023. It continues the legacy of the National High School Union (UNL), founded in 1994, and La Voix Lycéenne, created in 2021.
Casierius
Casierius is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish that lived during the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous epoch. It was a relative of the modern bonefish in the extinct family Phyllodontidae, although some authorities consider it either a true albulid (making it even more closely related to bonefish) or a very early eel. It contains a single species, C. heckeli, known from the Glen Rose Formation near Hood County, Texas.

Bonefishes
Albulidae is a family of fish, commonly known as the bonefishes, that are popular as game fish in Florida, select locations in the South Pacific and the Bahamas (where two bonefish are featured on the 10-cent coin) and elsewhere. The family is small, with 11 species in 3 genera. Presently, the bonefishes are in their own order: Albuliformes /ˈælbjəlɪfɔːrmiːz/. The families Halosauridae and Notacanthidae were previously classified in this order, but are now, according to FishBase, given their own order Notacanthiformes. The largest bonefish caught in the Western Hemisphere is a 16-pound, 3 ounce example caught off Islamorada, Florida, on March 19, 2007.
Strawbridge and Clothier Store
The Strawbridge and Clothier Store is a historic department store building located at Jenkintown, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It was built by Strawbridge & Clothier in 1930-1931 and renovated and expanded in 1954. It closed in 1988 when it relocated to the Willow Grove Park Mall. It is now an office building, multi-tenant.

Jenkintown, Pennsylvania
Jenkintown is a borough in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, Jenkintown had a population of 4,719. It is approximately 10 mi (16 km) north of Center City Philadelphia.
Dutch Doll of Finedon
The Dutch Doll of Finedon was a wooden doll, originally housed at the Girls Charity School in Finedon, Northamptonshire. It was relocated to the Church of St Mary the Virgin in Finedon after the school moved in 1961.  It was supposedly named for its similarity to the Dutch national costume, which likely resembled the uniforms worn by the girls who attended the school but "Dutch doll" was a common term for peg wooden dolls. In 1981, the doll was stolen from the church, much to the chagrin of locals, with no progress made in its recovery after investigation by local police.

Finedon
Finedon ⓘis a town and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, 
England, with a population at the 2021 census of 4,552. In 1086 when the Domesday Book was completed, Finedon (then known as Tingdene) was a large royal manor, previously held by Queen Edith, wife of Edward the Confessor.

From the 1860s the parish was much excavated for its iron ore, which lay underneath a layer of limestone and was quarried over the course of 100 years or more. Local furnaces produced pig iron and later the quarries supplied ore for the steel works at Corby. A disused quarry face in the south of the parish is a geological SSSI. Finedon is situated 4 miles (6.4 km) to the north east of Wellingborough. Nearby towns and villages include Irthlingborough, Burton Latimer and Great Harrowden.
Camille Chamoun
Camille Nimr Chamoun OM, ONC (Arabic: كميل نمر شمعون, romanized: Kamīl Nimr Shamʿūn, pronounced [kaˈmiːl ʃamˈʕuːn]; 3 April 1900 – 7 August 1987) was a Lebanese politician and za'im (political boss) who served as the 2nd president of Lebanon from 1952 to 1958. He was one of the country's main Christian leaders during most of the Lebanese Civil War.

President of Lebanon
The president of the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية, romanized: Ra’īs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Lubnāniyyah) is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which cannot be renewed immediately because they can only be renewed non-consecutively. By convention, the president is always a Maronite Christian who fulfills the same requirements as a candidate for the house of representatives, as per article 49 of the Lebanese constitution.

The current holder is Joseph Aoun, who took office on 9 January 2025.
HMS Reindeer (1804)
HMS Reindeer was an 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop of the Royal Navy, built by Samuel & Daniel Brent at Rotherhithe and was launched in 1804.  She was built of fir, which made for more rapid construction at the expense of durability. Reindeer fought in the Napoleonic Wars before succumbing in 1814 to the guns of USS Wasp during the War of 1812.

USS Wasp (1814)
USS Wasp was a sloop-of-war that served in the United States Navy in 1814 during the War of 1812. She was the fifth United States Navy ship to carry that name. She carried out two successful raiding voyages against British trade during the summer of 1814, in the course of which she captured two brig-sloops of the Royal Navy. Wasp was lost, cause unknown, in the Atlantic in early autumn, 1814.
Ketenimines
Ketenimines are a group of organic compounds with the general structure R2C=C=NR'. A ketenimine is a cumulated alkene and imine and is related to an allene and a ketene.  When the substituents on the terminal carbon differ, the ketenimines are intrinsically chiral owing to the non-linearity of the C=N-R group.

Ketenimines can be prepared by reactions of isocyanates with Wittig reagents:

Ph3P=CR2  +  R'N=C=O   →   R2C=C=NR'  +  Ph3PO (Ph = phenyl)

Similarly, aza-Wittig reagents react with ketenes to give ketenimines:

Ph3P=NR'  +  R2C=C=O   →   R2C=C=NR'  +  Ph3PO

This method was employed in the preparation of the first example of a ketenimine.

Isocyanate
In organic chemistry, isocyanate is the functional group with the formula R−N=C=O. Organic compounds that contain an isocyanate group are referred to as isocyanates.  An organic compound with two isocyanate groups is known as a diisocyanate. Diisocyanates are manufactured for the production of polyurethanes, a class of polymers.

Isocyanates should not be confused with cyanate esters and isocyanides, very different families of compounds.  The cyanate (cyanate ester) functional group (R−O−C≡N) is arranged differently from the isocyanate group (R−N=C=O). Isocyanides have the connectivity R−N≡C, lacking the oxygen of the cyanate groups.
Kawasaki Ki-148
The Kawasaki I-Gо̄ Model 1 Otsu (No.1 Model 1B), otherwise known as Ki-148 was a World War II Japanese guided air-to-surface missile designed in 1944. Developed alongside its sister project the Mitsubishi I-Gо̄ Model 1 Kо̄ and the later Tokyo Imperial University designed I-Gо̄ Model 1 Hei, the Ki-148 was a simple radio-controlled guided missile propelled by a liquid rocket engine generating 1.47 kN (330 lbf) of thrust for up to 80 seconds. Compared to the Ki-147, the Ki-148 was physically smaller and carried a 300 kg warhead versus the 800 kg warhead of the Ki-147.

Test trials were carried out in late 1944 and the weapon was quickly ordered by the war ministry. Launched during tests from a modified Kawasaki Ki-48 light bomber, its standard mother aircraft was to be the modern Kawasaki Ki-102 attack aircraft. Although approximately 180 missiles were built, none saw service before the end of World War II.

Kawasaki Ki-48
The Kawasaki Ki-48 (Japanese: 九九式雙發輕爆擊機, romanized: kyuukyuu-shiki-souhatu-keibaku-gekki, shortened to 'Soukei', Army Type 99 Twin-engined Light Bomber), is a Japanese twin-engine light bomber that was used during World War II. Its Allied reporting name was "Lily".
Anicia gens
The gens Anicia (or the Anicii) was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, mentioned first towards the end of the fourth century BC.  The first of the Anicii to achieve prominence under the Republic was Lucius Anicius Gallus, who conducted the war against the Illyrians during the Third Macedonian War, in 168 BC.

A noble family bore this name in the imperial era, and may have been descended from the Anicii of the Republic.

Anicius Faustus Albinus Basilius
Anicius Faustus Albinus Basilius (Greek: Ανίκιος Φαύστος Αλβίνος Βασιλείος) was a high official of the Eastern Roman Empire and the last ordinary consul of Roman history, holding the office alone in 541.
New Brighton railway station
New Brighton railway station serves the suburb of New Brighton in Wallasey, Merseyside, England. It is situated at the end of the New Brighton branch of the Wirral Line 8.25 miles (13.28 km) west of Liverpool Lime Street on the Merseyrail network.

New Brighton, Merseyside
New Brighton is a seaside resort and suburb of Wallasey, in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in Merseyside, England, at the northeastern tip of the Wirral peninsula. It has sandy beaches which line the Irish Sea and mouth of the Mersey, and the UK's longest promenade.

At the 2011 Census, the population was 14,859.
NOAA-18
NOAA-18, also known as NOAA-N before launch, is a decommissioned, polar orbiting, weather satellite series (NOAA K-N) operated by the National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-18 also continued the series of Advanced TIROS-N (ATN) spacecraft begun with the launch of NOAA-8 (NOAA-E) in 1983 but with additional new and improved instrumentation over the NOAA A-M series and a new launch vehicle (Titan 23G). NOAA-18 is in an afternoon equator-crossing orbit and replaced NOAA-17 as the prime afternoon spacecraft. NOAA-18 was decommissioned as of 17:49 UTC, June 6, 2025.

Microwave humidity sounder
The Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) is a five-channel passive microwave radiometer, with channels from 89 to 190 GHz. It is very similar in design to the AMSU-B instrument, but some channel frequencies have been altered. It is used to study profiles of atmospheric water vapor and provide improved input data to the cloud-clearing algorithms in the IR and MW sounder suites. Instruments were launched on NOAA's  POES satellite series starting with NOAA-18 launched in May 2005 and the European Space Agency's MetOp series starting with MetOp-A launched in October 2006, continuing with MetOp-B launched in September 2012 and Metop-C launched in November 2018. The follow on instrument to MHS is MWS on the Metop-SGA satellites.

The Microwave Humidity Sounder was designed and developed by Astrium EU in Portsmouth, UK, under contract to EUMETSAT.
Sideling Hill
Sideling Hill, also Side Long Hill, is a long, steep, narrow mountain ridge in the Ridge-and-Valley (or Allegheny Mountains) physiographic province of the Appalachian Mountains, located in Washington County in western Maryland and adjacent West Virginia and Pennsylvania, United States. The highest point on the ridge is Fisher Point, at 2,310 feet (700 m) in Fulton County, Pennsylvania.

Syncline
In structural geology, a syncline is a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure, whereas an anticline is the inverse of a syncline.   A synclinorium (plural synclinoriums or synclinoria) is a large syncline with superimposed smaller folds.  Synclines are typically a downward fold (synform), termed a synformal syncline (i.e. a trough), but synclines that point upwards can be found when strata have been overturned and folded (an antiformal syncline).