hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cuyler and Woodburn Railroad
The Cuyler and Woodburn Railroad (C&W) was a former railroad in the state of Georgia, United States. The 13-mile (21 km) line was built in 1894 by James and William Woods. The tram railroad ran between the town Cuyler and the Wood's sawmill in Woodburn, Georgia. The railroad built an additional line to Statesboro, Georgia.  The railroad was sold under foreclosure in 1897 and was reorganized as the Savannah and Statesboro Railway (S&S).

Savannah and Statesboro Railway
The Savannah and Statesboro Railway (S&S) began in 1897 through a reorganization of the Cuyler and Woodburn Railroad (C&W).  By 1899, it operated about 33 miles (53 km) of track between Cuyler and Statesboro, Georgia, United States.  The S&S also controlled the Savannah, Augusta and Northern Railway from 1911 until 1916 when the SA&N was taken over by the Midland Railway.

The S&S lasted until 1933 when it was abandoned; a stub at Statesboro became the Statesboro Terminal Company, leased by the Georgia and Florida Railroad (through the Statesboro Northern Railway) until its abandonment in 1950.
Brodiaea kinkiensis
Brodiaea kinkiensis is a species of Brodiaea also with the common name San Clemente Island brodiaea. This flower is endemic to San Clemente Island, one of the Channel Islands of California.

This flower is not considered endangered, but it is of some concern since its entire wild distribution is limited to the clay mesas of San Clemente Island.

Brodiaea
Brodiaea /ˌbroʊˈdiːə, ˌbroʊdiˈiːə/, also known by the common name cluster-lilies, is a monocot genus of flowering plants.

One school of thought places the genus in the family Themidaceae, while another school of thought places it in the subfamily Brodiaeoideae of the family Asparagaceae.  The USDA Plants Database still classifies the genus Brodiaea in the family Liliaceae.

Brodiaea species occur along the Pacific Coast region of North America, from British Columbia throughout California into the Baja California Peninsula. They are especially common in northern California.
Ground stop
A ground stop is an air traffic control procedure that requires all aircraft that fit certain criteria to remain on the ground. This could be airport-specific or perhaps equipment- or airspace-specific, depending on the exact event that caused the ground stop to occur. Downstream effects can occur from a ground stop. It causes flights to be delayed or canceled and planes and flight crew to be unable to reach the location of their next scheduled flight.

2024 CrowdStrike-related IT outages
On 19 July 2024, the American cybersecurity company CrowdStrike distributed a faulty update to its Falcon Sensor security software that caused widespread problems with Microsoft Windows computers running the software. As a result, roughly 8.5 million systems crashed and were unable to properly restart in what has been called the largest outage in the history of information technology and "historic in scale".

The outage disrupted daily life, businesses, and governments around the world. Many industries were affected—airlines, airports, banks, hotels, hospitals, manufacturing, stock markets, broadcasting, gas stations, retail stores, and governmental services, such as emergency services and websites. The worldwide financial damage has been estimated to be at least US$10 billion.

Within hours, the error was discovered and a fix was released, but because many affected computers had to be fixed manually, outages continued to linger on many services.
2011 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship
The  Asian Men's Volleyball Championship was the sixteenth staging of the Asian Men's Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Islamic Republic of Iran Volleyball Federation (IRIVF). The tournament was held in Tehran, Iran from 21 to 29 September 2011.

Asian Men's Volleyball Championship
The Asian Men's Volleyball Championship is an international volleyball competition in Asia and Oceania contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), the sport's continent governing body. The initial gap between championships was four years, but since 1987 they have been awarded every two years. The top three teams qualified for the FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship. The current champion is Japan, which won its tenth title at the 2023 tournament.
Malaya Kuonamka
The Malaya Kuonamka (Russian: Малая Куонамка; Yakut: Кыра Куонамка, Kıra Kuonamka) is a river in Yakutia (Sakha Republic), Russia. It is a right tributary of the Anabar with a length of 457 kilometres (284 mi). Its drainage basin area is 24,800 square kilometres (9,600 sq mi).

The river flows north of the Arctic Circle, in the northern limits of the Central Siberian Plateau and the North Siberian Lowland. The area is very cold and desolate, devoid of settlements.

The Kuonamka Formation is a Cambrian large igneous province in the northeastern Siberian platform.

Anabar (river)
The Anabar (Russian: Анабар, romanized: Anabar, in its upper course: Большая Куонамка Bolshaya Kuonamka; Yakut: Анаабыр, romanized: Anaabır) is a river in Sakha, Russia. It is 380 kilometres (240 mi) long (939 km (583 mi) counting the 559 km (347 mi) long Bolshaya Kuonamka ("Big Kuonamka") stretch of its upper course) and has a drainage basin of 100,000 square kilometres (39,000 sq mi).
Military colours, standards and guidons
In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards, flags, or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago. The Roman Empire also made battle standards reading SPQR a part of their vast armies. It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.

Campaign streamer
Campaign streamers are decorations attached to military flags to recognize particular achievements or events of a military unit or service. Attached to the headpiece of the assigned flag, the streamer often is an inscribed ribbon with the name and date denoting participation in a particular battle, military campaign, or theater of war; the ribbon's colors are chosen accordingly and frequently match an associated campaign medal or ribbon bar. They often are physical manifestations of battle honours, though this does not mean all streamers are battle honours (for example, gala or parade streamers not connected to a battle). They should not be confused with a tassel, which is usually purely decorative in nature.

The armed forces of Germany, the United States and others have engaged in awarding streamers.  Historically Prussia, Austria-Hungary and the Soviet Union have also used streamers in this manner.
Maryborough–Hervey Bay Road
Maryborough–Hervey Bay Road is a continuous 44.9 kilometres (27.9 mi) road route in the Fraser Coast region of Queensland, Australia. The entire route is signed as State Route 57. It is a state-controlled regional road (number 163).

Tin Can Bay Road
Tin Can Bay Road is a continuous 56.1 kilometres (34.9 mi) road route in the Gympie region of Queensland, Australia. Part of it is signed as State Route 15. It is a state-controlled road (number 143), part regional and part district, with the district section rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS).  It runs from the Bruce Highway in Monkland to the Esplanade in Tin Can Bay. It intersects with Gympie Connection Road in Victory Heights, Kin Kin Road in Canina, Maryborough–Cooloola Road in Wallu, and Rainbow Beach Road in Wallu.
Burt Street, Fremantle
Burt Street is a street located in Fremantle, Western Australia. It runs between Queen Victoria Street and East Street and rises up the prominent hill that lies to the south of Cantonment Hill.

The lower part of the street is the current location of the Army Museum of Western Australia which is based in the former Army Artillery Barracks. This section of Burt Street was in the late 19th century considered part of Skinner Street.

Burt Street is the northern boundary of a block of State Housing Commission land that formerly had three apartment complexes (named 'Keli', 'Buli', and 'Kerta') but as of 2018 these had all been demolished and the site was to undergo redevelopment into a "new affordable community that enriches the unique character of Fremantle" with 15% being reserved for public housing.

East Street, Fremantle
East Street in a street located in Fremantle, Western Australia.  It runs between High Street and Beach Street on the southern shore of the Swan River.  The intersection with High Street is at the north east corner of the Monument Hill reserve. It also intersects with Ellen Street and Burt Street on its western side.

It crosses Canning Highway before a steep drop to the level of Beach Street.

Located on the western side of the street is the John Curtin College of the Arts
The cutting and its edges at the southern end of the street has required maintenance over time.
The Swan River end of the street, a jetty known locally as the East Street Jetty, has been the location for a number of events.
Cupramontana
Cupramontana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Cupramontana borders the following municipalities: Apiro, Maiolati Spontini, Mergo, Monte Roberto, Rosora, San Paolo di Jesi, Serra San Quirico, Staffolo. It takes its name from Cupra, a fertility goddess of the pre-Roman population of the Piceni. It had earlier been called Massaccio but later resumed its ancient name.

Rosora
Rosora is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Rosora borders the following municipalities: Arcevia, Castelplanio, Cupramontana, Maiolati Spontini, Mergo, Montecarotto, Poggio San Marcello.
Mangen
Mangen is a lake in eastern Norway. It is located in Eidskog Municipality in Innlandet county and Aurskog-Høland Municipality in Akershus county. The 4.1-square-kilometre (1.6 sq mi) lake lies about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the village of Aursmoen (in Aurskog-Høland Municipality) and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the village of Skotterud (in Eidskog Municipality).

Eidskog Municipality
Eidskog is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Vinger. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Skotterud. Other villages in the municipality include Magnor, Matrand, and Åbogen.

The 640-square-kilometre (250 sq mi) municipality is the 181st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Eidskog Municipality is the 162nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,059. The municipality's population density is 9.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (25/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.4% over the previous 10-year period.
2024 Copa América Group C
Group C of the 2024 Copa América was one of four groups in the first stage of the tournament. The tournament involved national teams from CONMEBOL (South America) but also includes invited teams from the CONCACAF region (North, Central America and the Caribbean), that qualified via the 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League.

The group was made up of the hosts United States from CONCACAF, Uruguay from CONMEBOL, Panama from CONCACAF, and Bolivia from CONMEBOL. The draw for the groups was conducted on December 7, 2023, with the United States being previously seeded into the group. The group's matches took place from June 23 to July 1 at six venues in six U.S. cities.

The top two teams, following a round-robin of three matches per team, advanced to the quarter-finals.

2024 Copa América Group D
Group D of the 2024 Copa América was one of four groups in the first stage of the tournament. The tournament involves national teams from CONMEBOL (South America) but also includes invited teams from the CONCACAF region (North, Central America and the Caribbean), that qualified via the 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League.

The group was made up of Brazil, Colombia and Paraguay, all three from CONMEBOL, and Costa Rica from CONCACAF. The draw for the groups was conducted on December 7, 2023, with Brazil being previously seeded into the group. The group's matches took place from June 24 to July 2 at six venues in six U.S. cities.

The top two teams, following a round-robin of three matches per team, advanced to the quarter-finals.
Bienvenido Marañón
Bienvenido Morejón Marañón ([bjem.beˈni.ðo maɾaˈɲon]; born May 15, 1986), also known as Bienve, is a professional footballer who plays as a forward or a winger for Thai League 2 club Chanthaburi. Born in Spain, he represents the Philippines national team.

2020 AFF Championship
The 2020 AFF Championship (officially AFF Suzuki Cup 2020 for sponsorship reasons) was the 13th edition of the AFF Championship, the football championship of nations affiliated to the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF), the 7th and the last edition under the name AFF Suzuki Cup.

The final tournament was originally scheduled to run from 23 November to 31 December 2020. However, the tournament was postponed and rescheduled at least twice due to the COVID-19 pandemic; the tournament was first rescheduled to run from 11 April to 8 May 2021 and the schedule later pushed backed further to 5 December 2021 to 1 January 2022. Singapore was chosen as host of the tournament in a centralised location.

Vietnam were the defending champions, but were eliminated by their rivals, Thailand in the semi-finals. Thailand won the tournament by a 6–2 victory in the two-legged final against Indonesia to secure their sixth title.
Archdiocese of Madang
The Archdiocese of Madang is a Latin Catholic metropolitan archdiocese in Papua New Guinea with suffragan dioceses of Aitape, Lae, Vanimo and Wewak.

The Archdiocese was created in 1966 when it was elevated from a predecessor see.

The Metropolitan Archbishop of Madang, appointed by Pope Francis on 26 July 2019, is the former Bishop of Kundiawa, Papua New Guinea, Anton Bal. He succeeded Archbishop Stephen Joseph Reichert, OFMCap, whose resignation was accepted after he reached the age limit.

Diocese of Vanimo
The Diocese of Vanimo is a Latin Catholic suffragan diocese of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Madang in Papua New Guinea, and depends on the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Holy Cross Pro-cathedral, in Vanimo in the province of West Sepik (Sandaun).
Wedowee, Alabama
Wedowee is a town and the county seat of Randolph County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, Wedowee had a population of 737. It was initially incorporated in 1836, but its charter lapsed by the late 19th century. It was reincorporated in 1901.

Lake Wedowee
Lake Wedowee, or R. L. Harris Reservoir, is a reservoir, located in Randolph County, Alabama on the upper part of the Tallapoosa River 90 miles (140 km) from Atlanta, Georgia. The lake has an area of 9,870 acres (39.9 km2). This lake was built at one of the last hydro sites in Alabama.
Honesty box
An honesty box, also known as an honour box, is a method of charging for a service such as admission to a facility or car parking, or for a product such as home-grown produce, baked goods and flowers, which relies upon each visitor paying at a box using the honor system. For services or admission, tickets are not issued and such sites are usually unattended.

When used in camping sites and other park settings, they are sometimes referred to as an iron ranger as there is often an iron cash box instead of an actual park ranger. Some stores also use them for selling newspapers to avoid lines at a cash register.

Such boxes are typically used in rural areas where the low number of customers and other visitors, along with the low quantity or value of the products on offer, means that an attendant would not bring a positive return on investment. Many are also domestically run operations where attendance is not feasible.

Honor system
An honor system, trust system or honesty system is a way of running a variety of endeavors based on trust, honor, and honesty.

The honor system is also a system granting freedom from customary surveillance (as to students or prisoners) with the understanding that those who are so freed will be bound by their honor to observe regulations (e.g. prison farms may be operated under the honor system), and will therefore not abuse the trust placed in them.
Retort stand
In chemistry, a retort stand, also called a clamp stand, a ring stand, or a support stand, is a piece of scientific equipment intended to support other pieces of equipment and glassware — for instance, burettes, test tubes and flasks.

The typical ring stand consists of a heavy base and a vertical rod, both usually made of metal.  A number of accessories, such as clamps of various types and iron rings, can be attached to the rod by thumbscrews, at whatever heights and orientations are necessary to support the target equipment.

Iron ring (laboratory)
An iron ring or ring clamp is an item of laboratory equipment which comprises a conjoined metal ring and radially-extending rod. In some cases, the rod terminates in a screw clamp for attachment to a retort stand or other support; in others, the rod may be attached to a stand by means of a laboratory clamp holder. Iron rings are commonly used in chemistry laboratories for supporting apparatus above the work surface, for example:

a tapered item such as a filter funnel or separatory funnel.

a clay triangle, which itself supports an item such as a crucible.

a wire gauze, which itself supports a flat-bottomed beaker or conical flask.

a large, and therefore heavy, round-bottom flask.

In some cases, a slot is cut in the side of the ring opposite the rod. This is to allow a funnel to be placed upon and removed from the ring from the side rather than from above, a safer procedure.
North Albury, New South Wales
North Albury is a suburb of the city of Albury, New South Wales, located north of the Albury Central Business District. At the 2011 census, North Albury had a population of 5,967.

North Albury lies on the mostly flat area adjacent to Nail Can Hill, on the Murray River floodplain, and is bordered by Glenroy to the west, Lavington to the north, Thurgoona to the east, and Central Albury to the south.
North Albury is a mostly residential area. Features of the area include Albury Racecourse, Albury Showground, Pioneer Cemetery, Frederick Park and 5 schools. North albury also has its own local football club located in the middle of North Albury, they are the North Albury Football Club.

Albury
Albury (/ˈɔːlbəri/ ALL-bree; Wiradjuri: Bungambrawatha) is a major regional city located in the Murray region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the twin city of Albury-Wodonga, situated on the Hume Highway and the northern side of the Murray River. Albury is the seat of local government for the council area which also bears the city's name – the City of Albury. It is on the Victoria–New South Wales border.

Albury has an urban population of 53,677 and is separated from its twin city in Victoria, Wodonga, by the Murray River. Together, the two cities form an urban area with a population of 97,793 in 2021. It is 554 kilometres (344 mi) from the state capital Sydney and 326 kilometres (203 mi) from the Victorian capital Melbourne.

Said to be named after a village in England, United Kingdom, Albury developed as a major transport link between New South Wales and Victoria and was proclaimed a city in 1946.
2010–11 Azadegan League
The 2010–11 Azadegan League was the 20th season of the Azadegan League and tenth as the second highest division since its establishment in 1991. The season featured 19 teams from the 2009–10 Azadegan League, three new teams relegated from the 2009–10 Persian Gulf Cup (Moghavemat Shiraz, Aboumoslem and Esteghlal Ahvaz) and four new teams promoted from the 2009–10 2nd Division (Sepidrood as champions, Naft Masjed Soleyman, Shahrdari Yasouj and Foolad Yazd). Foolad Natanz replaced Sepahan Novin, Machine Sazi replaced Petroshimi Tabriz and Sanat Sari replaced Mehrkam Pars. Shensa Arak changed their name to Hamyari Arak. The league started on 23 September 2010 and ended on 9 May 2011. Damash won the Azadegan League title for the first time in their history. Damash, Mes Sarcheshmeh and Moghavemat Shiraz gained promotion to the Persian Gulf Cup.

S.C. Damash Gilan
Sport Club Damash Guilan (Persian: باشگاه ورزشی داماش گیلان, Bashgah-e Vârzeshi-ye Damash Guilân), commonly known as Damash Guilan sc, also spelled Damash Guilan, is an Iranian football club based in Rasht, Guilan, that competes in the Azadegan League. The club was founded in 1960 as Taj Rasht Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال تاج رشت).

The football team plays its home games at the Shahid Dr. Azodi Stadium which has a seating capacity of 11,000. The club is also using the Sardar Jangal Stadium which has a seating capacity of 15,000. The club is owned and supported by Peymam Baharvand.
Fire Island School District
Fire Island Union Free School District No. 14 is a school district headquartered in the Town of Islip and on Fire Island, in New York. The school is adjacent to but not in Ocean Beach.

The district includes, portions of Fire Island west of Ocean Beach Estates. This means, in addition to Ocean Beach: Saltaire, Fire Island Beach, Great South Beach, Kismet Park, and Point-O'-Woods. The district includes areas in the towns of Babylon, Brookhaven, and Islip.

It includes Woodhull School, grades Kindergarten to Six. It is named after Richard Woodhull, a principal and teacher in the period 1935 to 1962. Within the community it is known as the "Fire Island School".

Students who graduate from Woodhull can choose to go to either the Bay Shore School District or the Islip School District for secondary levels. The respective high schools are Bay Shore High School and Islip High School.

Bay Shore Schools
Bay Shore Union Free School District or Bay Shore Schools is a school district headquartered in Bay Shore, New York in the Town of Islip of Suffolk County, New York and on the South Shore of Long Island. The district serves the entirety of the hamlet of West Bay Shore and the Village of Brightwaters, and parts of two other hamlets; the vast majority of Bay Shore and a small part of North Bay Shore. Also, graduates of Woodhull School (PK-6) of the Fire Island School District can attend Bay Shore secondary schools.
Stanton's Mill
Stanton's Mill is a historic grist mill complex located at Grantsville, Garrett County, Maryland, consisting of five interrelated buildings and structures. The Stanton's Mill building dates from about 1797. It is two stories and constructed of heavy timber frame with a gable roof; an addition was constructed in 1890. The complex includes a stone-faced, mid-19th-century timber crib dam and raceway, natural earthen tailrace, and a small, single-span stone arch bridge, dating to 1813, constructed as part of the National Road. Also on the property is a frame storage building, constructed about 1900.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

The mill is still operational and is located next to the Casselman River Bridge State Park.

Casselman Bridge
The Casselman Bridge is a historic transportation structure on the Casselman River, located immediately east of Grantsville in Garrett County, Maryland, and preserved by the state of Maryland as Casselman River Bridge State Park. The bridge was built in 1813–1814 as part of the National Road. Historic markers posted at each end read:

Erected 1813 by David Shriver Jr.,Sup't of the "Cumberland Road" (The National Road). This 80 foot span was the largest stone arch in America at the time. It was continuously used from 1813 to 1933.

The structure, which has also been known as Casselmans Bridge, Castleman's Bridge, and Little Crossings Bridge, was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964 and placed on the National Historic Register in 1966.