hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Union County, Iowa
Union County is a county located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 12,138. The county seat is Creston. Organized at a time of tensions before the Civil War, the county was named in 1853 for the union that people wanted to preserve. Union County peaked in population at the 1900 Census. Its economy is based on agriculture and related industries.

Afton, Iowa
Afton is a city in Union County, Iowa. The population was 874 at the time of the 2020 census. Its peak of population was in 1880, at 1,231 residents, when numerous European immigrants and migrants from the eastern United States settled here for the farmland. Mechanization of farming and consolidation of farms has reduced the population.
Cookie Puss
Cookie Puss is an ice cream cake character created by Carvel in the 1970s as an expansion of its line of freshly made exclusive products, along with Hug Me the Bear and Fudgie the Whale. The cake is fashioned with a space alien that uses cookies for eyes and an ice cream cone for the nose. According to Carvel's backstory for the character, Cookie Puss is a space alien who was born on planet Birthday. His original name was "Celestial Person", but the initials "C.P." later came to stand for "Cookie Puss". In his television commercials, Cookie Puss has the ability to fly, though he requires a saucer-shaped spacecraft for interplanetary travel. During the 1980s, Cookie Puss was repurposed to serve as a cake for St. Patrick's Day, dubbed "Cookie O'Puss", which continues to be sold annually.

Ice cream cake
An ice cream cake is a cake made with ice cream as an ingredient.  A simpler no-bake version can be made by layering different flavors of ice cream in a loaf pan.

Ice cream cake is a popular party food, often eaten at birthdays and weddings, particularly in North America and Australia. It is not as well known in Europe. In the United Kingdom, ice cream swiss roll cakes are known as Arctic rolls.
Hongshanornithidae
Hongshanornithidae is an extinct group of early ornithuromorph birds from the early Cretaceous period of China. It includes the genera Hongshanornis (the type genus) and Tianyuornis from the  Yixian Formation of Inner Mongolia, Longicrusavis from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, Parahongshanornis from the Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, and Archaeornithura, the oldest known member, from the Huajiying Formation of Hebei Province.

Archaeornithura
Archaeornithura is an extinct genus of ornithuromorphs from the early Cretaceous period. It is known from two fossil specimens of a single species, Archaeornithura meemannae. The specimens have been dated to the Hauterivian age, 130.7 million years ago, making A. meemannae the oldest known ornithuromorph, the lineage that gave rise to modern birds, and contains all living birds as well as many of their extinct relatives.
A13 highway (Lithuania)
The A13 highway is a highway in Lithuania (Magistralinis kelias). It connects Klaipėda with the Latvian border near Būtingė. From there, the road continues to Liepāja as the A11. The length of the road is 45.15 km.

The section between Jakai (A1) junction and Palanga (A11) junction is dual-carriageway. The section between the junction with 168 and Palanga is planned to be refurbished to limited-access expressway with a default speed limit of 120 km/h. From A11 junction to the Latvian border, the road continues as a single carriageway.

This route is a part of the International E-road network (part of European route E272).

European route E272
European route E272 is a Class B road part of the International E-road network. It runs only through Lithuania, begins in Klaipėda and ends in Vilnius.

Route: Klaipėda–Palanga–Šiauliai–Panevėžys–Ukmergė–Vilnius.

From Klaipėda to Palanga it follows the route of Lithuanian highway A13, A11 from Palanga to Šiauliai, A9 from Šiauliai to Panevėžys, A17 just outside Panevėžys and A2 from Panevėžys to Vilnius.
Deferred prosecution
A deferred prosecution agreement (DPA), which is very similar to a non-prosecution agreement (NPA), is a voluntary alternative to adjudication in which a prosecutor agrees to grant amnesty in exchange for the defendant agreeing to fulfill certain requirements. A case of corporate fraud, for instance, might be settled by means of a deferred-prosecution agreement in which the defendant agrees to pay fines, implement corporate reforms, and fully cooperate with the investigation. Fulfillment of the specified requirements will then result in dismissal of the charges.

Diversion program
A diversion program, also known as a pretrial diversion program or pretrial intervention program, in the criminal justice system is a form of pretrial sentencing that helps remedy the behavior leading to the arrest. Administered by the judicial or law enforcement systems, they often allow the offender to avoid conviction and include a rehabilitation program to prevent future criminal acts. Availability and the operation of such systems differ in different countries.
Don't Turn Away
Don't Turn Away is the first album by the American punk rock band Face to Face. It was released in 1992 under the label Dr. Strange Records, and was considered a strong debut for the band. It was re-released a year later on Fat Wreck Chords.

Two years later, "Disconnected," the album's third track, was re-recorded for the band's second album Big Choice. Their then-label A&M Records wanted the band to re-record it, because no one could "hear a single" until the L.A. radio station KROQ first played it.

Big Choice
Big Choice is a full-length album by the California punk band Face to Face, released in 1995. It was released on Victory Music in 1995, and then re-released on A&M Records. "Disconnected" was released to alternative radio on January 20, 1995. "Debt" was released as a single on August 15, 1995.
2010 Poznań Porsche Open
The 2010 Poznań Porsche Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour and the Tretorn SERIE+ tour. It took place at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland from 17 to 25 July 2010, including the qualifying competition in the first two days.

Poznań Open
The Enea Poznań Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland, since 2004.
The tournament is regarded as a continuation of the Polish Open, which was relocated from Warsaw to Poznań and held for nine consecutive years between 1992 and 2000. In 2023 it was a Challenger 100. In 2025 it was upgraded again to a Challenger 100.
Bulgarian Air Force
The Bulgarian Air Force (Bulgarian: Военновъздушни сили, romanized: Voennovazdushni sili) is one of the three branches of the Military of Bulgaria, the other two being the Bulgarian Navy and Bulgarian land forces. Its mission is to guard and protect the sovereignty of Bulgarian airspace, and jointly with the other branches, to protect territorial integrity. The Bulgarian Air Force is one of the oldest air forces in Europe and the world. In recent times it has been actively taking part in numerous NATO missions and exercises in Europe.

The current commanding officer of the Bulgarian Air Force is Major General Nikolai Rusev.

Bezmer Air Base
Bezmer Air Base (IATA: JAM, ICAO: LBIA) is an air base for the Bulgarian Air Force.  The base is situated in the eastern part of the Upper Thracian Lowland, in Yambol Oblast (Region), 10 km west of the city of Yambol and 30 km southeast of the city of Sliven, between the villages of Bezmer and Bolyarsko, and near the Sofia-Burgas railway.  The base takes its name from the nearby village, which is named after Khan Bezmer of Bulgaria (7th Century AD).
Last Hope (TV series)
Last Hope, also named Unit Pandora (Chinese: 重神机潘多拉; Japanese: 重神機パンドーラ), is a Japanese-Chinese anime television series produced and animated by Satelight. It is created and directed by Shōji Kawamori alongside Hidekazu Sato and written by Toshizo Nemoto. It premiered online in Netflix in Japan on March 29, 2018, with a local televised broadcast on Tokyo MX and other stations including MBS TV on April 4, 2018. A worldwide release through Netflix went online on September 15, 2018.

Shōji Kawamori
Shōji Kawamori (河森 正治, Kawamori Shōji; born February 20, 1960) is a Japanese animation creator and producer, screenwriter, visual artist, and mecha designer. He is best known for creating the Macross mecha animated franchise and the Diaclone toyline, which were in turn the basis for the Robotech and Transformers franchises, respectively. He is also known for creating The Vision of Escaflowne anime series. He pioneered several innovative concepts in his works, such as transforming mecha (including the VF-1 Valkyrie in Macross and Optimus Prime in Transformers) and virtual idols (including Lynn Minmay and Sharon Apple in the Macross franchise). His work has had a significant impact on popular culture, both in Japan and internationally.
Spin–statistics theorem
The spin–statistics theorem proves that the observed relationship between the intrinsic spin of a particle (angular momentum not due to the orbital motion) and the quantum particle statistics of collections of such particles is a consequence of the mathematics of quantum mechanics.

According to the theorem, the many-body wave function for elementary particles with integer spin (bosons) is symmetric under the exchange of any two particles, whereas for particles with half-integer spin (fermions), the wave function is antisymmetric under such an exchange. A consequence of the theorem is that non-interacting particles with integer spin obey Bose–Einstein statistics, while those with half-integer spin obey Fermi–Dirac statistics.

Particle statistics
Particle statistics is a particular description of multiple particles in statistical mechanics. A key prerequisite concept is that of a statistical ensemble (an idealization comprising the state space of possible states of a system, each labeled with a probability) that emphasizes properties of a large system as a whole at the expense of knowledge about parameters of separate particles. When an ensemble describes a system of particles with similar properties, their number is called the particle number and usually denoted by N.
Coolock
Coolock (Irish: An Chúlóg, meaning 'the little corner') is a large suburban area, centred on a village, on Dublin city's Northside in Ireland. Coolock is crossed by the Santry River, a prominent feature in the middle of the district, with a linear park and ponds. The Coolock suburban area encompasses parts of three Dublin postal districts: Dublin 5, Dublin 13 and Dublin 17.

The extensive civil parish of Coolock takes in the land between the Tonlegee Road (as far as Donaghmede) and the Malahide Road, as well as the lands on either side of the Malahide Road between Darndale and Artane, and the lands either side of the Oscar Traynor Road on the approach to Santry.

Coolock is also the name of the historical barony which accounts for most of north Dublin city, from the coast as far as Phoenix Park, and stretching north as far as Swords.

Artane, Dublin
Artane, sometimes spelt Artaine (Irish: Ard Aidhin), historically Tartaine is a northside suburb of Dublin city, Ireland.

Artane is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Coolock. Neighbouring districts include Kilmore West, Coolock, Beaumont, Killester, Raheny and Clontarf; to the south is a small locality, Harmonstown, straddling the Raheny-Artane border.
East Wall Road
East Wall Road (Irish: Bóthar an Phoirt Thoir) runs from the junction of the East-Link drawbridge and North Wall Quay, along the side of the northern part of Dublin port to the junction of the North Strand Road and Poplar Row.

North Strand Road
North Strand Road (Irish: Bóthar na Trá Thuaidh) is a street in the Northside of Dublin, Ireland. It is part of the North Strand area. It links the city centre from Connolly Station to Fairview by road.
Carmichael number
In number theory, a Carmichael number is a composite number ⁠⁠ which in modular arithmetic satisfies the congruence relation:

for all integers ⁠⁠. The relation may also be expressed in the form:

for all integers  that are relatively prime to ⁠⁠. They are infinite in number.

They constitute the comparatively rare instances where the strict converse of Fermat's Little Theorem does not hold.  This fact precludes the use of that theorem as an absolute test of primality.

The Carmichael numbers form the subset K1 of the Knödel numbers.

The Carmichael numbers were named after the American mathematician Robert Carmichael by Nicolaas Beeger, in 1950. Øystein Ore had referred to them in 1948 as numbers with the "Fermat property", or "F numbers" for short.

Carl Pomerance
Carl Bernard Pomerance (born 1944 in Joplin, Missouri) is an American number theorist.  He attended college at Brown University and later received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1972 with a dissertation proving that any odd perfect number has at least seven distinct prime factors. He joined the faculty at the University of Georgia, becoming full professor in 1982. He subsequently worked at Lucent Technologies for a number of years, and then became a distinguished professor at Dartmouth College.
Carles, Iloilo
Carles, officially the Municipality of Carles (Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Carles, Tagalog: Bayan ng Carles), is a municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 74,177 people.

The town is located on Panay Island, and known for its famous rich fishing grounds. The municipality is also known for popular tourist attractions such as the Islas de Gigantes, Sicogon Island, and Cabugao Gamay Island.

Binuluangan
Binuluangan (historically Balin) is an inhabited island-barangay in northeastern Iloilo, Philippines. It is one of fourteen islands politically administered by the municipality of Carles. In 2010 it had a population of 1,682. There is an elementary school on the island.
Staples, Texas
Staples is a city in northeastern Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. In an election held on May 10, 2008, its residents voted to incorporate the community as a city. A total of 125 votes were cast, with 87 (69.6%) in favor of incorporation and 38 (30.4%) against. The population is approximately 220 and it is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The city held its first municipal election on November 4, 2008. Eddie Daffern, an organizer of the incorporation effort, was elected unopposed as Mayor. A total of seven candidates ran for the five Alderman positions. Those elected include Carol Wester, who received 70 votes, followed by Ronnie Clark with 67 votes, Bert "Bubba" Reinke and William A. York—both winning 52 votes, and Shaun Seale with 40.

As of the 2020 census, Staples had a population of 193, along with a barber shop.

Guadalupe County, Texas
Guadalupe County (Local /ˌɡwɑːdəˈlʊpiː/, Spanish pronunciation: [gwaðaˈlupe]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 172,706. The county seat is Seguin. The county was founded in 1846 and is named after the Guadalupe River.

Guadalupe County is part of the San Antonio metropolitan statistical area.
SMX Convention Center (company)
The SMX Convention Center is an events venue management company which manages convention and exhibition venues. It is a subsidiary of SM Prime Holdings and the flagship convention center brand under SM Hotels & Conventions Corporation.

Its primary venue is the SMX Convention Center Manila, which is located within the SM Mall of Asia complex in Pasay, Metro Manila.

SM Megamall
SM Megamall, formerly known as SM Megamall Ortigas and colloquially known as Megamall, is a shopping mall located in Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, Philippines, developed and operated by SM Prime Holdings. Opened in 1991, it is the third SM Supermall, after SM North EDSA and SM City Sta. Mesa. It is the third largest shopping mall in the Philippines and one of the largest malls in the world. The mall occupies a land area of approximately 10 hectares (25 acres) and has a total floor area of 474,000 square meters (5,100,000 sq ft). The mall has a maximum capacity of 4 million people attracting over 350,000 shoppers on weekdays and over 500,000 shoppers on weekends.
Cider Bill of 1763
The Cider Bill of 1763 was a proposed measure by the British government of Lord Bute to put a tax on the production of cider. Britain's national debt had reached unprecedented levels during the early 1760s following the country's involvement in the Seven Years War which had been very expensive.

John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute
John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (/bjuːt/; 25 May 1713 – 10 March 1792), styled Lord Mount Stuart between 1713 and 1723, was a British Tory statesman who served as the Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1762 to 1763 under George III. He became the first Tory to hold the position and was arguably the last important royal favourite in British politics. He was the first prime minister from Scotland following the Acts of Union in 1707. He was also elected as the first president of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland when it was founded in 1780.
Askja
Askja ([ˈasca] ⓘ) is an active volcano situated in a remote part of the central highlands of Iceland. The name Askja refers to a complex of nested calderas within the surrounding Dyngjufjöll [ˈtiɲcʏˌfjœtl̥] mountains, which rise to 1,514 m (4,967 ft), askja meaning box or caldera in Icelandic.

Highlands of Iceland
The Highland (Icelandic: Hálendið) or The Central Highland is an area that comprises much of the interior land of Iceland. The Highland is situated above 300–400 meters (980–1,310 ft) and is mostly uninhabitable. The soil is primarily volcanic ash, and the terrain consists of basalt mountains and lava fields. Snow covers the Highland from October until the beginning of June. A few oasis-like areas, such as Herðubreiðarlindir and Þórsmörk, are also found in the Highland. The area has many notable natural features and hiking trails.
Bakkasund
Bakkasund is a village in Austevoll Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the southeastern side of the island of Storakalsøy. The mountain Mjuken lies about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) north of the village. Storekalsøy Chapel is located in the village, serving the northwestern part of Austevoll Municipality. Prior to the opening of the Bakkasund Bridge (connecting this island to the neighboring Hundvåko island) in 1999, Bakkasund was the ferry port for the island of Storakalsøy, connecting it to several other islands in Austevoll Municipality.

Storekalsøy Chapel
Storekalsøy Chapel (Norwegian: Storekalsøy kapell or Store-Kalsøy kapell) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Austevoll Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bakkasund on the island of Storekalsøy in the northwestern part of the municipality. It is one of the five churches for the Austevoll parish which is part of the Fana prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1975 using plans drawn up by the architect Einar Vaardal-Lunde from Bergen. The church seats about 250 people.
Kanghaenggun-class locomotive
The Kanghaenggun-class (Korean: 강행군, "Forced March") is a class of electric locomotives for freight trains operated by the Korean State Railway on mainlines, especially the important P'yŏngŭi Line. They were converted to 3,000 V DC electric operation by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works from Soviet-built K62-class diesel locomotives.

A similar projects have been undertaken by the Azerbaijan Railways, who have converted one 2-section 2M62 locomotive to electric operation as well, using parts from a VL8 electric locomotive, and by a Polish train operating company Rail Polska, a subsidiary of Rail World, who used a bespoke electric equipment.

K62-class locomotive
K62 class is the Voroshilovgrad Locomotive Factory's designation for M62-type diesel locomotives built for the Korean State Railway. In North Korean service, they are designated Sinsŏng-class Korean: 신성, "Nova".
Grave (crater)
Grave is a lunar impact crater that lies in the northern interior floor of the huge walled plain Gagarin, on the far side of the Moon. It is located about 10 kilometers to the east-northeast of the larger crater Isaev, which covers the northwestern part of Gagarin's interior.

Like many lunar craters, Grave has undergone some erosion due to subsequent impacts. There are small craters across the east and southwestern sides of the circular rim. There is a low rise near the midpoint of the interior.

Gagarin (crater)
Gagarin is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. To the southwest is the crater Pavlov and to the northeast lies Keeler. Closer to the rim are the craters Levi-Civita to the southwest, and Beijerinck to the north-northeast. Isaev lies entirely within the northwest rim of Gagarin. In contrast with the floor of Gagarin, Isaev has a floor with a somewhat low albedo.

The crater was named in by the IAU in 1970, after Soviet cosmoonaut Yuri Gagarin.  Prior to naming, Gagarin was called Basin X.
Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow
Victor Alexander John Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow, KG, KT, GCSI, GCIE, OBE, TD, PC, FRSE (24 September 1887 – 5 January 1952) was a British Unionist politician and statesman, agriculturalist, and colonial administrator. He served as Governor-General and Viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943. He also served as vice president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh and Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. He was usually referred to as Lord Linlithgow, or simply Linlithgow.

Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh
The chancellor is the titular head of the University of Edinburgh. Their duties include conferring degrees, promoting the university's image throughout the world, and furthering its interests, both within Scotland and beyond.

The position was created in 1858; prior to this the university was governed by the Lord Provost, Magistrates, and Town Council of Edinburgh. Candidates for the position are nominated and elected by alumni.

The current chancellor is The Princess Royal.
Dean and Shelton
Dean and Shelton is a civil parish in the Bedford district, in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England.

The two parishes of Dean and Shelton were combined on 1 April 1934. Until 1974 the parish formed part of Bedford Rural District. In 2011 it had a population of 418.

Dean, Bedfordshire
Dean was an ancient parish in Bedfordshire, England. The parish included the two small villages of Upper Dean (which had the parish church) and Lower Dean, as well as surrounding rural areas. In 1934 the parish was merged with the neighbouring parish of Shelton to become the new parish of Dean and Shelton.
On the Late Massacre in Piedmont
"On the Late Massacre in Piedmont" is a sonnet by the English poet John Milton inspired by the Easter massacre of Waldensians in Piedmont by the troops of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy in April 1655. Also known as Milton’s “Sonnet 18,” “On the Late Massacre at Piedmont” has been described by the famous essayist William Hazlitt as filled with “prophetic fury.”

Piedmontese Easter
The Piedmontese Easter (Italian: Pasque piemontesi, French: Pâques piémontaises or Pâques vaudoises) was a series of massacres of Waldensians (also known as Waldenses or Vaudois) by Savoyard troops in the Duchy of Savoy in 1655.