hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Protected natural areas of Mexico
There are currently 232 Protected Natural Areas in Mexico, covering 98 million hectares in total. They are protected and administered by the National Commission of Protected Natural Areas (Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, or 'CONANP'), a federal agency under the Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT). CONANP administers:

79 Mexican National Parks

48 biosphere reserves

57 flora and fauna protection areas

28 Mexican Nature Sanctuaries

15 natural resources protection areas

5 natural monuments

Natural resources protection areas of Mexico
Mexico's Natural resources protection areas (or Áreas de Protección de Recursos Naturales in Spanish) are nine federally-recognized protected areas in Mexico that are administrated by the federal National Commission of Protected Natural Areas (Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, or CONANP).

They are critical natural resources that are preserved and protected, such as water sources and important forest areas.
Lega Basket All Star Game
The Lega Basket All Star Game, also commonly known as the Italian Basketball All-Star Game, is an all-star game that organised annually by the Lega Basket, in conjunction with RCS Sport and the Italian Basketball Federation. It brings together a selection of players from the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA), which is the highest-tier level professional basketball league in Italy, to play between themselves, or against another opponent. First held in 1982, the event has seen a fluctuating history, with numerous changes to its format through the years, including the participation of the senior men's Italian national team.

Starting with the 2016–17 season, the annual edition of the All-Star Game was not held.

Dino Rađa
Dino Rađa (alternatively Radja, Croatian pronunciation: [ˌdǐːno ˈrâd͜ʑa]; born 24 April 1967) is a Croatian former professional basketball player. He was a member of the Jugoplastika team of the late 1980s and early 1990s, which he helped to win two FIBA European Champions Cup championships (1989 and 1990). He spent three and a half seasons with the Boston Celtics, being one of the European pioneers in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Rađa was named one of FIBA's 50 Greatest Players in 1991, and one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors in 2008. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame, as a member of the 2018 class. He was inducted into the Greek Basket League Hall of Fame, in 2022.
Jewish Resistance Against the Nazis (book)
Jewish Resistance Against the Nazis (2014) is a collection of essays edited by Patrick Henry and published by Catholic University of America Press. Discussing Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe, the book argues that Jews resisted Nazi rule in a variety of ways. Contributors include Yehuda Bauer and Nechama Tec. It received positive reviews.

Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe
Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe encompassed various forms of organized underground activities undertaken by Jews against German occupational regimes in Europe during World War II. According to historian Yehuda Bauer, Jewish resistance can be defined as any action that defied Nazi laws and policies. The term is particularly associated with the Holocaust and includes a wide range of responses, from social defiance to both passive and armed resistance by Jews themselves.

Due to the overwhelming military power of Nazi Germany and its allies, the system of ghettoization, and the hostility or indifference of various segments of the civilian population, most Jews had limited opportunities for effective military resistance against the Final Solution. Nevertheless, there were numerous instances of resistance, including more than a hundred documented armed uprisings.

Historiographically, the study of Jewish resistance to Nazi rule remains an important aspect of Holocaust research.
Portuguese conquest of Ceuta
The Portuguese conquest of Ceuta took place on 21 August 1415, between Portuguese forces under the command of King John I of Portugal and the Marinid Sultanate of Morocco at the North African city of Ceuta. The city's defenses fell under Portuguese control after a carefully prepared attack, and the successful capture of the city marked the beginning of the Portuguese Empire. Ceuta remained under Portuguese control until being transferred to Spain in 1668.

Military Order of Aviz
The Military Order of Aviz (Portuguese: Ordem Militar de Avis), known previously to 1910 as the Royal Military Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz (Portuguese: Real Ordem Militar de São Bento de Avis), and before 1789 as the Knights of Saint Benedict of Aviz (Portuguese: Ordem de São Bento de Avis) or Friars of Santa Maria of Évora, is one of the four former ancient Portuguese military orders. It gave its name and coat of arms to the House of Aviz that ruled Portugal between 1385 and 1580. The founding king of House of Aviz, John I of Portugal, was an illegitimate son of a previous king, and thus not a member of his father's Portuguese House of Burgundy; however, John was the grand master of the Order of Aviz, and thus was known as "John of Aviz." Founded in 1146, it is the oldest Portuguese honorific order.
Edison Farah
Edison Farah (Capivari, April 14, 1915 – São Paulo, April 14, 2006) was a Brazilian mathematician, professor at the University of São Paulo.

He was a founding member of the Mathematical Society of São Paulo, founded in 1945, and a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the State of São Paulo.

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.
Congress of Verona
45°26′21″N 10°59′39″E﻿ / ﻿45.43917°N 10.99417°E﻿ / 45.43917; 10.99417

The Congress of Verona met at Verona from 20 October to 14 December 1822 as part of the series of international conferences or congresses that opened with the Congress of Vienna in 1814–15, which had instituted the Concert of Europe at the close of the Napoleonic Wars.

Quintuple Alliance
The Quintuple Alliance came into being at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, when France joined the Quadruple Alliance created by Austria, Prussia, the Russian Empire, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The European peace settlement concluded at the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
Bute, South Australia
Bute is a town in the Northern Yorke peninsula of South Australia, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Wallaroo and 24 kilometres west of Snowtown.  It was proclaimed as a town in 1884 and named after the Isle of Bute, in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland. It was the original site of the Yorke Peninsula Field Days in 1895; they are now held outside Paskeville.

Snowtown, South Australia
Snowtown is a town located in the Mid North of South Australia 145 km (90 miles) north of Adelaide and lies on the main road and rail routes between Adelaide and Perth – the Augusta Highway and Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line. The town's elevation is 103 metres (338 feet) and on average the town receives 389 mm of rainfall per annum.
1872–73 United States Senate elections
The 1872–73 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President Ulysses S. Grant's re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1872 and 1873, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

The Republican Party, while still retaining a commanding majority, lost two seats. By the beginning of the Congress, however, they would lose three more: two as defections to the Liberal Republican Party, and one a resignation of Henry Wilson to become U.S. Vice President. This remains the last election in which Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

43rd United States Congress
The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.
Aspera Hiems Symfonia
Aspera Hiems Symfonia (Latin for "Harsh Winter Symphony") is the debut studio album by the Norwegian avant-garde metal band Arcturus. It has primarily a black metal sound, though still contains many of the experimental elements that would be expanded upon on their following albums, which saw the band shift permanently into the genres of avant-garde and progressive metal. Four of the album's songs are re-recorded versions of tracks from the Constellation EP, whereas the other four are new songs.

Constellation (EP)
Constellation is the first EP released by Norwegian avant-garde metal band Arcturus. It was released on CD on 14 August 1994, through the record label Nocturnal Art Productions, limited to 500 copies. The EP is the band's only release with guitarist/bassist Samoth, who was sentenced to 16 months in prison for his role in the arson of Skjold Church in Vindafjord Municipality, and the first with Ulver frontman Kristoffer Rygg on vocals, a position he would hold until his departure in 2002.
Queensland Art Gallery
The Queensland Art Gallery (QAG) is an art museum located in South Bank, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The gallery is part of QAGOMA. It complements the Gallery of Modern Art (GOMA) building, situated only 150 metres (490 ft) away.

The Queensland Art Gallery is owned and operated by the Government of Queensland, which created the institution in 1895 as the Queensland National Art Gallery.

Richard Godfrey Rivers
Richard Godfrey Rivers (1858 – 4 February 1925), generally known as R. Godfrey Rivers, was an English artist, active in Australia and president of the Queensland Art Society from 1892–1901 and 1904–08.
Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania
Mount Pleasant is a borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. It stands 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Pittsburgh. As of the 2020 census, the borough's population was 4,245.

The Borough of Mount Pleasant, consisting of the town area, should not be confused with Mount Pleasant Township, which is an entirely separate municipality. Mount Pleasant Township is predominantly rural and adjoins the borough to the north.

In the past, Mount Pleasant was a center of an extensive coke-making industry. Other products included flour, lumber, iron, glass, foundry products, etc.

Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Westmoreland County is a county in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census the population was 354,663. The county seat is Greensburg and the most populous community is Hempfield Township. It is named after Westmorland, a historic county of England. The county is part of the Southwest Pennsylvania region of the state.
Sun Yirang
Sun Yirang (Chinese: 孫詒讓; pinyin: Sūn Yíràng; 1848–1908) was a late Qing dynasty Chinese philologist. A native of Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, he retired from official employment early in his life to devote himself to scholarship. His most important works are Mozi Jiangu (墨子間詁), a corrected, definitive edition of Mozi, and Zhouli Zhengyi (周禮正義), an important commentary on the Rites of Zhou. He also contributed to the studies of the bronzeware script and oracle script. His work Qiwen Juli (契文舉例), published posthumously by Luo Zhenyu, was the first work of decipherment of the oracle bone script.

Luo Zhenyu
Luo Zhenyu, also Romanized as Lo Chen-yü (simplified Chinese: 罗振玉; traditional Chinese: 羅振玉; pinyin: Luó Zhènyù; Wade–Giles: Lo Chen-yü; August 8, 1866 – May 14, 1940), courtesy name Shuyun (simplified Chinese: 叔蕴; traditional Chinese: 叔蘊; pinyin: Shūyùn), was a Chinese classical scholar, philologist, epigrapher, antiquarian and Qing loyalist.
Psiadia
Psiadia, commonly known as daisy trees, is a genus of mostly woody Asian and African plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae. The genus is distributed throughout the Western Indian Ocean, with species reported from continental Eastern Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, La Reunion, Rodrigues, the Comoro islands, as well as several of the smaller, uninhabited islands in the Mozambique Channel. Additional species are suspected on Socotra and Sri Lanka, but these have not been confirmed. Phylogenetic studies using DNA sequence data and biogeographic reconstruction using molecular dating have shown that the genus originated on the African mainland, and colonized Madagascar and the outlying islands in the Indian Ocean in several independent instances of overwater dispersal in the Miocene.

Species

Formerly included

see: Conyza Microglossa Pluchea

Microglossa
Microglossa is a genus of Asian and African flowering plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Microglossa afzelii O.Hoffm. - central Africa

Microglossa caffrorum (Less.) Grau - South Africa

Microglossa caudata O.Hoffm. & Muschl. - tropical Africa

Microglossa densiflora Hook.f. - central Africa

Microglossa longiradiata Wild - South Africa

Microglossa mespilifolia (Less.) B.L.Rob. - South Africa

Microglossa oehleri Muschl.

Microglossa pyrifolia (Lam.) Kuntze - Africa, Madagascar, China, India, Southeast Asia

Microglossa zeylanica (Arn.) Benth. & Hook.f. - Sri Lanka

formerly included

several species once included in Microglossa, now considered better suited to other genera: Aster Conyza Psiadia
Fox Brothers
Fox Brothers & Co is a clothmaker based in Wellington, Somerset, England. The company is one of the few working cloth mills still producing cloth entirely in England since 1772,. Throughout the twentieth century the business remained under the management of successive generations of the Fox family. Dorothy Lomas records that Lloyd Howard Fox joined the firm in 1923 and oversaw its financial administration, while his son David Lloyd Fox later served as Sales Director and Vice-Chairman. In the late twentieth century David’s sons, Simon David Fox and Benjamin John Fox, also held directorial roles prior to the company’s restructuring in the mid-1990s. although the present company was incorporated in 1996.

Tone Dale House
Tone Dale House (or Tonedale House) is a Grade II listed country house built in 1801 or 1807 by Thomas Fox in Wellington, Somerset, England. Wellington lies 7 miles (11 km) west of Taunton in the vale of Taunton Deane, 1 mile (1.6 km) from the Devon border. Tone Dale House, also known as House of Fox, offers views of Somerset which include the Quantock hills to the north and the Blackdown Hills to the south.
Clymer, New York
Clymer is a town in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 1,748 at the 2020 census. The town is named for George Clymer, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Clymer is located in the southwest part of the county.

New York State Route 474
New York State Route 474 (NY 474) is a state highway located entirely within Chautauqua County in the westernmost corner of New York in the United States. It begins at the section of the Pennsylvania state line that runs north–south and runs eastward, initially paralleling the state line before taking a more northeasterly alignment toward Chautauqua Lake. The route ends adjacent to the lake at a junction with NY 394 in the town of Busti. NY 474 was originally designated as New York State Route 74 in 1930 before being renumbered to NY 474 on July 1, 1972. The route continues westward into Pennsylvania as Pennsylvania Route 474 (PA 474), which was assigned in the 1980s.
James McParland
James McParland (né McParlan; 22 March 1844 – 18 May 1919) was an Irish-American private detective and Pinkerton agent.

McParland arrived in New York in 1867. He worked as a laborer, policeman and then in Chicago as a liquor store owner until the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 destroyed his business. He then became a private detective and labor spy, noted for his success against coal mining labor organizations in Pennsylvania.

James Hamilton Peabody
James Hamilton Peabody (August 21, 1852 – November 23, 1917) was the 13th and 15th Governor of Colorado, and is noted by some for his public service in Cañon City and by others for his brutality in crushing the miners' strike in Cripple Creek in 1903–04.
Altenglan
Altenglan is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan. Altenglan is a recognized tourism community. Also, named after the municipality is the Altenglan Formation, a lithostratigraphic entity, and by extension, so is Altenglanerpeton, a microsaur whose fossil remains were found therein.

Kusel
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩] ⓘ; written Cusel until 1865) is a town in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Kusel-Altenglan Verbandsgemeinde and is also the district seat.

The well-known operatic tenor Fritz Wunderlich was born in Kusel.
Electrostatic-sensitive device
An electrostatic-sensitive device (often abbreviated ESD) is any component (primarily electrical) which can be damaged by common static charges which build up on people, tools, and other non-conductors or semiconductors. ESD commonly also stands for electrostatic discharge.

Antistatic device
An antistatic device is any device that reduces, dampens, or otherwise inhibits electrostatic discharge, or ESD, which is the buildup or discharge of static electricity. ESD can damage electrical components such as computer hard drives, and even ignite flammable liquids and gases.

Many methods exist for neutralizing static electricity, varying in use and effectiveness depending on the application. Antistatic agents are chemical compounds that can be added to an object, or the packaging of an object, to help deter the buildup or discharge of static electricity. For the neutralization of static charge in a larger area, such as a factory floor, semiconductor cleanroom or workshop, antistatic systems may utilize electron emission effects such as corona discharge or photoemission that introduce ions into the area that combine with and neutralize any electrically charged object. In many situations, sufficient ESD protection can be achieved with electrical grounding.
R665 road (Ireland)
The R665 road is a regional road in Ireland. The route runs from Mitchelstown to Clonmel via Ballyporeen, Clogheen and Ardfinnan, passing through parts of counties Cork, Tipperary and Waterford. The R665 was once a key part of the historic route from Dublin to Cork and was mapped as such as late as 1778. A turnpike road, it was also a key part of the route linking Mallow with Dublin, via today's N73.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
Peacock Throne
The Peacock Throne (Hindustani: Mayūrāsana, Sanskrit: मयूरासन, Urdu: تخت طاؤس, Persian: تخت طاووس, Takht-i Tāvūs) was the imperial throne of the Mughal emperors, which was commissioned by Emperor Shah Jahan. The throne was named after the two figures of peacocks displaying their tails that were mounted on its canopy.

It was commissioned in the early 17th century by Emperor Shah Jahan and was located in the Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audiences, or Ministers' Room) in the Red Fort of Delhi. The original throne was taken as a war trophy by Nader Shah, Shah of Iran in 1739 after his invasion of India. Its replacement disappeared during or soon after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Linderhof Palace
Linderhof Palace (German: Schloss Linderhof) is a schloss in Germany, 10 km west of the village of Ettal in southwest Bavaria. It is the smallest of the three palaces built by King Ludwig II of Bavaria and the only one which was actually completed and that he lived in most of the time from 1876 onward.
Family tree
A family tree, also called a genealogical tree or a pedigree chart, is a chart representing family relationships in a conventional tree structure. More detailed family trees, used in medicine and social work, are known as genograms.

Genogram
A genogram, also known as a family diagram, is a pictorial display of a person's position and ongoing relationships in their family's hereditary hierarchy. It goes beyond a traditional family tree by allowing the user to visualize social patterns and psychological factors that punctuate relationships, especially patterns that repeat over the generations.
Theodore L. Eliot Jr.
Theodore Lyman Eliot Jr. (January 24, 1928 – August 8, 2019) was an American diplomat who served as the U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan from 1973 to 1978. He was a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy and Boston's Eliot family.

Eliot graduated from Harvard College in 1948 and received a Master of Public Administration from Harvard Kennedy School in 1956. He also served as Dean of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and as Secretary General for the United States of the Bilderberg Meetings from 1981 to October 1993.

Eliot family (United States)
The Eliot family is a formerly prominent American family hailing from Massachusetts. Long associated with Boston and Harvard University, the family are members of the Boston Brahmin class that historically formed the economic and political elite of New England until the mid-20th century.

The family's membership has included several influential college presidents, writers, professors, bankers, and leaders of American professional associations. The writer T. S. Eliot, considered one of the 20th century's greatest poets, was a member of the family, as was Charles W. Eliot, the Harvard president credited with transforming the institution from a provincial college to a renowned research university.
Hoplocetus
Hoplocetus is an extinct genus of raptorial cetacean of the sperm whale superfamily, Physeteroidea. Its remains have been found in the Miocene of Belgium, France, Germany and Malta, the Pliocene of Belgium and France, and the Pleistocene of the United Kingdom and South Carolina.

Physeteroidea
Physeteroidea is a superfamily that includes three extant species of whales: the sperm whale, in the genus Physeter, and the pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whale, in the genus Kogia. In the past, these genera have sometimes been united in a single family, the Physeteridae, with the two Kogia species in the subfamily Kogiinae; however, recent practice is to allocate the genus Kogia to its own family, the Kogiidae, leaving the Physeteridae as a monotypic (single extant species) family, although additional fossil representatives of both families are known.