hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cooper Mountain Nature Park
Cooper Mountain Nature Park is a 231 acres (93 ha) nature park in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon. Opened in 2009, the park is owned and operated by Metro, the regional government in the Oregon portion of the metro area. The park is named after Cooper Mountain, the primary geological feature in the area near Beaverton. Maintained by the regional Tualatin Hills Park and Recreation District, the natural area has 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of hiking trails. It is one of THPRD's two nature parks, along with the Tualatin Hills Nature Park.

Metro (Oregon regional government)
Metro is the regional government for the Oregon portion of the Portland metropolitan area, covering portions of Clackamas, Multnomah, and Washington counties.  It is the only directly elected regional government and metropolitan planning organization in the United States. Metro is responsible for overseeing the Portland region's solid waste system, general planning of land use and transportation, maintaining certain regional parks and natural areas, and operating the Oregon Zoo, Oregon Convention Center, Portland's Centers for the Arts, and the Portland Expo Center.  It also distributes money from two voter-approved tax measures: one for homeless services and one for affordable housing.
Canadian units of the War of 1812
When the United States and the United Kingdom went to war against each other in 1812, the major land theatres of war were Upper Canada (broadly the southern portion of the present day province of Ontario), Michigan Territory, Lower Canada (roughly the southern part of present-day Quebec) and the Maritime Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Cape Breton (colony between 1784 and 1820).
Each of the separate British administrations formed regular and fencible units, and both full-time and part-time militia units, many of which played a major part in the fighting over the two and a half years of the war.

Siege of Detroit
The siege of Detroit, also known as the surrender of Detroit or the Battle of Fort Detroit, was an early engagement in the War of 1812. A British force under Major General Isaac Brock in cooperation with Indigenous warriors under Shawnee leader Tecumseh used bluff and deception to intimidate American Brigadier General William Hull into surrendering the fort and town of Detroit, the Michigan Territory, and his army which actually outnumbered the victorious British and Indigenous warriors.

The British victory reinvigorated the militia and civilian population of Upper Canada, who had previously been pessimistic and affected by pro-American agitators. Many Indigenous tribes in the Old Northwest were inspired to take up arms against the Americans. The British held Detroit for more than a year before their naval squadron on Lake Erie was defeated at the Battle of Lake Erie which forced them to abandon the western frontier of Upper Canada.
Dorćol
Dorćol (Serbian Cyrillic: Дорћол; Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [dǒrtɕol]) is an affluent urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Stari Grad.

Located along the right bank of the Danube, Dorćol is the oldest surviving neighborhood in Belgrade. It is known for its specific urban charm and the mentality of its residents. The neighborhood has experienced artistic revival since the 2000s concurrently with the Savamala neighborhood on the opposite, Sava, bank. After being featured in numerous reports, including by the BBC and The Guardian, Time Out magazine placed Dorćol on their list of "50 coolest neighborhoods". It has been described as a Belgrade "phenomenon", an "exciting, creative and inventive spot", and the "authentic, organic soul of the city".

A section of Upper Dorćol was declared a spatial cultural-historical unit in 1989, and placed under protection as the "Area surrounding Dositej's Lyceum".

Bulevar kralja Aleksandra
Bulevar kralja Aleksandra (Serbian Cyrillic: Булевар краља Александра, "King Alexander Boulevard") is the longest street entirely within the urban limits of Serbian capital Belgrade, with length of 7.5 kilometers. Known for decades after World War II as Bulevar Revolucije (Serbian Cyrillic: Булевар Револуције, "Boulevard of the Revolution"), althought, Belgraders are simply refer to it as the Bulevar (Serbian Cyrillic: Булевар, "Boulevard), although there are 20 boulevards in Belgrade.
Capriva del Friuli
Capriva del Friuli (Slovene: Koprivno; Standard Friulian: Caprive; Southeastern Friulian: Capriva) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Gorizia.

Capriva del Friuli borders the following municipalities: Cormons, Moraro, Mossa, San Floriano del Collio, San Lorenzo Isontino.

The municipality is located in the hilly Collio region, noted for viticulture.

Moraro
Moraro (Slovene: Morar; Friulian: Morâr) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Gorizia.

Moraro borders the following municipalities: Capriva del Friuli, Cormons, Farra d'Isonzo, Gradisca d'Isonzo, Mariano del Friuli, San Lorenzo Isontino.
Kruskal–Katona theorem
In algebraic combinatorics, the Kruskal–Katona theorem gives a complete characterization of the f-vectors of abstract simplicial complexes. It includes as a special case the Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem and can be restated in terms of uniform hypergraphs. It is named after Joseph Kruskal and Gyula O. H. Katona, but has been independently discovered by several others.

Abstract simplicial complex
In combinatorics, an abstract simplicial complex (ASC), often called an abstract complex or just a complex, is a family of sets that is closed under taking subsets, i.e., every subset of a set in the family is also in the family. It is a purely combinatorial description of the geometric notion of a simplicial complex. For example, in a 2-dimensional simplicial complex, the sets in the family are the triangles (sets of size 3), their edges (sets of size 2), and their vertices (sets of size 1).

In the context of matroids and greedoids, abstract simplicial complexes are also called independence systems.

An abstract simplex can be studied algebraically by forming its Stanley–Reisner ring; this sets up a powerful relation between combinatorics and commutative algebra.
Lady Frost
Brittany Rae Steding (born March 14, 1985) is an American professional wrestler, currently performing on the independent circuit under the ring name Lady Frost. She also makes sporadic appearances for All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and their sister promotion Ring of Honor (ROH).

Dalys la Caribeña
Dalys la Caribeña (Spanish for Dalys "The Caribbean Girl"; born February 20, 1975) is a Panamanian luchadora (or female professional wrestler), working for Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA). Her name appears in print as Dalys la Caribeña, Dalys, Dallys and Dalis, but all refer to the same person. She is a second-generation wrestler; her father is a retired wrestler turned wrestling promoter in Panama, her brother wrestles in Mexico under the ring name Veneno and she is related to the extended Casas wrestling family, through her marriage to Negro Casas.

Dalys is best known for her work in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), where she held the CMLL World Women's Championship and the CMLL Japanese Women's Championship both once.
Development Commissioner for Handicrafts
The office of Development Commissioner for Handicrafts is the national agency which works for the development, promotion and export of Indian handicrafts. The agency comes under the administrative control of Ministry of Textiles, Government of India.

Ministry of Textiles
The Ministry of Textiles is an Indian government national agency responsible for the formulation of policy, planning, development, export promotion and regulation of the textile industry in India. This includes all natural, artificial, and cellulosic fibers that go into the making of textiles, clothing and Handicrafts.
Ching-kuo Memorial Hall
The Ching-kuo Memorial Hall (traditional Chinese: 經國先生紀念堂; simplified Chinese: 经国先生纪念堂; pinyin: Jīngguó Xiānshēng Jìniàn Táng) is a memorial hall dedicated to former President of the Republic of China Chiang Ching-kuo located in Nangan Township, Lienchiang County, Taiwan.

Nangan, Lienchiang
Nangan Township (Chinese: 南竿鄉) is a rural township in the Matsu Islands and the county seat of Lienchiang County, Fuchien Province.

There is an airport in Nangan. The highest point is Yuntai Mountain, at 248 m (814 ft) above sea level.
Dan Goldstein
Dan Goldstein (Hebrew: דן גולדשטיין; 19 June 1954 – 9 June 2022) was a pioneer of the Israeli software industry. He was the founder of Formula Systems, sold in 2006, and Formula Vision Technologies. Goldstein served as Chairman of the Public Companies Association in Israel.

Magic Software Enterprises
Magic Software Enterprises provides low-code integration and data management platforms that simplify the connection between legacy on-premise systems and modern cloud applications. Its flagship products — Magic xpi Integration Platform and FactoryEye Smart Factory Solution, enable enterprises to achieve end-to-end visibility, faster cloud migration, and managed integration services.

Magic Software Enterprises Ltd is a global enterprise software company headquartered in Or Yehuda, Israel. It is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select (NASDAQ: MGIC) and is also listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange TA-100 Index.
Southern Theatres
Southern Theatres was a movie theater chain based in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It was founded by George Solomon in May 2002. It operated two brands: The Grand Theatre, and AmStar Cinemas. In 2023, the chain was acquired by Santikos Theatres, which purchased the chain from Veronis Suhler Stevenson. Veronis Suhler Stevenson had purchased a minority stake in the chain in April 2005 and later took majority control.

Prior to its acquisition by Santikos, Southern Theatres operated 18 multiplex stadium-seating movie theaters (12 with luxury seating), with 266 combined screens in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Texas, making it at one time the sixteenth-largest theater chain in the U.S.

Santikos Theatres
Santikos Entertainment (formerly Santikos Theatres) is an American movie theater and entertainment center chain based in San Antonio, Texas.

Santikos Entertainment is a for-profit company that exists for the sole purpose of giving back to non-profits in the San Antonio area in the form of donations, sponsorships, grants, and programming.
Carlsburg, Weser
Carlsburg (also Carolus-Stadt or Carolsburg) was a 17th-century fortified town in Swedish Bremen-Verden at the confluence of the Weser and Geeste rivers, at the site of modern Bremerhaven, Germany. Planned to compete with Bremen, the settlement did not prosper.

After the Thirty Years' War, the Swedish Empire gained the Lower Saxon Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen as a Swedish dominion. The status of the city of Bremen however was uncertain, and Sweden was unable to gain control of the town in two subsequent wars, 1654 and 1666. As Bremen itself was out of reach, a new town was built nearby, named Carlsburg after the Swedish king Charles XI.

The town was planned by Stockholm architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder. Tessin planned the public buildings and streets. He designated 300 to 456 building grounds for houses. Constructions began on 11 June 1672.

Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (German pronunciation: [ˌbʁeːmɐˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Bremerhoben) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the city-state of Bremen. The River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.

Bremerhaven was founded in 1827 as a seaport for Bremen, and it remains one of the busiest ports in the country. It was historically rivalled by Geestemünde [de] on the opposite side of the Geeste, which belonged to Hanover (and later Prussia). Geestemünde united with neighbouring Lehe [de] to form the city of Wesermünde [de] in 1924, and Bremerhaven was itself annexed to Wesermünde in 1939, but the entire conurbation was restored to Bremen in 1947.
Kerley lines
Kerley lines are a sign seen on chest radiographs with interstitial pulmonary edema. They are thin linear pulmonary opacities caused by fluid or cellular infiltration into the interstitium of the lungs. They are named after Irish neurologist and radiologist Peter Kerley.

Radiologic sign
A radiologic sign is an objective indication of some medical fact (that is, a medical sign) that is detected by a physician during radiologic examination with medical imaging (for example, via an X-ray, CT scan, MRI scan, or sonographic scan).
Manganese(III) acetate
Manganese(III) acetate describes a family of materials with the approximate formula Mn(O2CCH3)3.  These materials are brown solids that are soluble in acetic acid and water.  They are used in organic synthesis as oxidizing agents.

Manganese(II) acetate
Manganese(II) acetate are chemical compounds with the formula Mn(CH3CO2)2·(H2O)n where n = 0, 2, 4. These materials are white or pale pink solids. Some of these compounds are used as a catalyst and as fertilizer.
Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn
Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn PC (Ire) (1659–1691) was a Scottish and Irish peer who fought for the Jacobites in the Williamite War. He went with King James to Derry in 1689 and tried to negotiate the surrender of the town with Adam Murray. He raised a regiment of horse that he led in the defeats of Newtownbutler in 1689 and Aughrim in 1691. He was killed when the ship that should have brought him to France was intercepted by a Dutch privateer.

Duke of Abercorn
The title Duke of Abercorn (/ˈævərkɔːrn/) is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1868 and bestowed upon James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Abercorn. Although the Dukedom is in the Peerage of Ireland, it refers to Abercorn, West Lothian, and the Duke also bears four titles in the Peerage of Scotland and two in the Peerage of Great Britain, and is one of three peers who have titles in those three peerages. The Duke of Abercorn also claims the French title of Duke of Châtellerault, created in 1548.
Sun Conference
The Sun Conference (TSC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). Eight of the ten full member institutions are located in Florida, with two in Georgia. The Sun Conference competes in the NAIA in all sponsored sports.

Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach
Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach is a residential campus of Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University, a private university focused on aviation and aerospace programs, and it is located in Daytona Beach, Florida. The university offers associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree programs in arts, sciences, aviation, business, and engineering.
Infiniti Q60
The Infiniti Q60 is a 2-door luxury coupe manufactured by Japanese automaker Nissan. It is the successor to the Infiniti G coupe and convertible. The Q60 nameplate was first used as a rebadging of Infiniti G Line. A new version was introduced in early 2016, as a 2017 model.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".
Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO2, commonly found in nature as quartz. In many parts of the world, silica is the major constituent of sand. Silica is one of the most complex and abundant families of materials, existing as a compound of several minerals and as a synthetic product. Examples include fused quartz, fumed silica, opal, and aerogels. It is used in structural materials, microelectronics, and as components in the food and pharmaceutical industries. All forms are white or colorless, although impure samples can be colored and/or opaque.

Silicon dioxide is a common fundamental constituent of glass.

Thermal oxidation
In microfabrication, thermal oxidation is a way to produce a thin layer of oxide (usually silicon dioxide) on the surface of a wafer.  The technique forces an oxidizing agent to diffuse into the wafer at high temperature and react with it. The rate of oxide growth is often predicted by the Deal–Grove model. Thermal oxidation may be applied to different materials, but most commonly involves the oxidation of silicon substrates to produce silicon dioxide.
Church of St Michael the Archangel, Shalfleet
50°42′04″N 01°24′55″W﻿ / ﻿50.70111°N 1.41528°W﻿ / 50.70111; -1.41528

The Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Shalfleet is a parish church in the Church of England located in Shalfleet, Isle of Wight.

Shalfleet
Shalfleet is a village and civil parish on the Isle of Wight. It is located between Yarmouth and Newport in the northwest of the island.

The civil parish includes the settlements of Cranmore, Hamstead,  Newbridge, Ningwood, Shalcombe and Thorley Street, and had a population of 1,627 at the 2021 census.
First ladies and gentlemen of Kansas
First Lady or First Gentleman of Kansas is the title attributed to the spouses of the governors of the U.S. state of Kansas, especially from 1933. The most recent first gentleman is Ted Daughety, former husband of Governor Laura Kelly, who held the role from January 2019 to October 2024.

Ted Daughety
Ted W. Daughety (born July 19, 1949) is a retired American pulmonologist-immunologist specialized in sleeping and breathing disorders. He was the first gentleman of Kansas as the spouse of governor Laura Kelly from January 2019 to October 2024.
Information-transfer transaction
A transaction is a change of state, an information-transfer transaction is a transaction in which one of the following changes occurs: content, ownership, location, format, etc. An information-transfer transaction usually consists of three consecutive phases called the access phase, the information transfer phase, and the disengagement phase. Examples of these consecutive phases are the copying and transporting of information. Once a transaction occurs there are also costs to consider, which are associated with that certain transaction. When it comes to the transfer of information some transaction costs include time and means (money).

Information transfer
In telecommunications, information transfer is the process of moving messages containing user information from a source to a sink via a communication channel. In this sense, information transfer is equivalent to data transmission which highlights more practical, technical aspects.

The information transfer rate may or may not be equal to the transmission modulation rate.

Bidirectional information transfer is called information exchange.
Maria of Serbia, Duchess of Znojmo
Maria (Serbian: Марија, Marija, Czech: Marie Srbská; fl. 1134–d. 1189) was Serbian princess and daughter of Uroš I, Grand Prince of Serbia. She was sister of Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia, and Helena, Queen of Hungary. Sometime before 1134, Maria was married to Conrad II, Duke of Znojmo, a Bohemian prince and a member of the Přemyslid dynasty.

Maria and Conrad had several children, including:

Ernest of Znojmo

Conrad II, Duke of Bohemia

Helena of Znojmo

Uroš II, Grand Prince of Serbia
Uroš II[a] (Serbian Cyrillic: Урош II) was Serbian Grand Prince from c.1145 to 1162, with brief interruptions as ruler by Desa, his brother. His rule was characterized by a period of power struggle, not only of the Serbian throne between the brothers but between the Byzantine Empire and Kingdom of Hungary, of which he took advantage. He had two brothers Desa and Beloš, and a sister Helena of Serbia, Queen of Hungary. Furthermore, Uroš II also had to contend with the Second Norman invasion of the Balkans (1147-1149).

Some researchers have proposed that several events (1162), narrated by John Kinnamos in reference to the grand prince Primislav (Serbian Cyrillic: Примислав), who is also known as Prvoslav (Serbian Cyrillic: Првослав), should be attributed to Uroš II, but those assumptions are not accepted by other scholars who hold that Primislav/Primislav was brother or cousin Uroš II.
Ellsworth Kelly
Ellsworth Kelly (May 31, 1923 – December 27, 2015) was an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker associated with hard-edge painting, Color field painting and minimalism. His works demonstrate unassuming techniques emphasizing line, color and form, similar to the work of John McLaughlin and Kenneth Noland. Kelly often employed bright colors. He lived and worked in Spencertown, New York.

Austin (building)
Austin is an immersive work of art and architecture designed by artist Ellsworth Kelly and built on the grounds of the Blanton Museum of Art in Austin, Texas, USA. The building is a permanent installation and part of the museum's permanent collection.

Kelly's Austin relates to the tradition of modernist artist-commissioned buildings that includes the Rothko Chapel in Houston, Philip Johnson's Thanks-Giving Square chapel in Dallas, and the Matisse Chapel in Vence.
Albert V, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
Albert V, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (died ca. 1469) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau.

He was the fifth son of Sigismund I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, by his wife Judith, daughter of Gebhard XI, Count of Querfurt.

Sigismund I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
Sigismund I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (died Coswig, 19 January 1405), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst until 1396, when he became the first ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau. He was the eldest son of John II, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of John I, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen.
Blundell Peak
Blundell Peak (69°24′S 76°6′E﻿ / ﻿69.400°S 76.100°E﻿ / -69.400; 76.100) is a rock peak on Stornes Peninsula in Prydz Bay. First mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, it was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for A.A. Blundell, radio operator at Mawson Station in 1968, who assisted in the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions tellurometer traverse from this peak to Reinbolt Hills in 1968.

Stornes Peninsula
Stornes Peninsula (69°26′S 76°5′E﻿ / ﻿69.433°S 76.083°E﻿ / -69.433; 76.083) is a rocky, jagged peninsula about 3 nautical miles (6 km) long, projecting into Prydz Bay just west of Larsemann Hills. First mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Stornes (big promontory, or ness).