hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DL postcode area
The DL postcode area, also known as the Darlington postcode area, is a group of seventeen postcode districts in England, which are subdivisions of fourteen post towns. These districts cover central County Durham (including Darlington, Bishop Auckland, Ferryhill, Crook, Spennymoor, Shildon, Barnard Castle and Newton Aycliffe), northern North Yorkshire (including Northallerton, Bedale, Hawes, Leyburn, Richmond and Catterick Garrison) and a very small part of Cumbria.

Mail for the DL postcode area is processed at Tyneside Mail Centre in Gateshead, along with mail for the DH, NE, SR and TS postcode areas.

SR postcode area
The SR postcode area, also known as the Sunderland postcode area, is a group of eight postcode districts in north-east England, within three post towns. These cover eastern Tyne and Wear (including Sunderland) and north-east County Durham (including Seaham and Peterlee).

Mail for the SR postcode area is processed at Tyneside Mail Centre in Gateshead, along with mail for the DH, DL, NE and TS postcode areas.
Pléven
Pléven (French pronunciation: [plevɛ̃]; Breton: Pleven) is a former commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France, 70 km north west of Rennes. It was merged with Pluduno to form Val-d'Arguenon on 1 January 2025.

The Arguenon river flows through the commune.

Pluduno
Pluduno (French pronunciation: [plydyno]; Breton: Pludunoù; Gallo: Ploedunoe) is a former commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France. It was merged with Pléven to form Val-d'Arguenon on 1 January 2025.

The Arguenon river flows through the commune.
Langdon Hills
Langdon Hills is an area of Basildon in Essex, England. It lies on the south-west side of the town, adjoining the border between the Borough of Basildon and Thurrock.

It is located south of Laindon railway station on the London, Tilbury and Southend line. It is the location of the 400-acre (1.6 km2) Langdon Hills Country Park, which is in Thurrock.

Langdon Hills was historically also known as Laindon Hills. It was part of the territory of Laindon in Saxon times, which subsequently fragmented into smaller manors and parishes, including Langdon Hills. The civil parish of Langdon Hills was abolished in 1936, when the more sparsely populated south-west of the old parish was included in the new Thurrock Urban District, and the more developed north-east part was added to the Billericay Urban District, which was renamed Basildon in 1955. Langdon Hills remains an ecclesiastical parish.

Laindon
Laindon is a suburban town forming the western part of Basildon in Essex, England. Laindon was historically a separate village and parish. In 1949 the village was included in the designated area for the new town of Basildon, since when the area has been extensively developed and it now forms part of the built up area of Basildon.
Igor Krutoy
Igor Yakovlevich Krutoy (Russian: Игорь Яковлевич Крутой) or Ihor Yakovych Krutyi born on July 29, 1954), is a Ukrainian-Russian music composer, performer, producer and musical promoter.

Krutoy was awarded the title "Honoured Artist of the Russian Federation", People's Artist of Russia and People's Artist of Ukraine. Winner of ZD Awards, and Ovation Award.

As a composer, he has collaborated with numerous singers in classical and pop music, such as Anna Netrebko, Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Aida Garifullina, Andrea Bocelli, Sumi Jo, Alla Pugacheva, Lara Fabian, Dimash Qudaibergen, Valery Leontyev, Ani Lorak, Sergey Lazarev, Irina Allegrova, Mikhail Shufutinsky and others.

Since 2002, together with Raymonds Pauls, he organized the New Wave competition for young performers.

Dimash Qudaibergen
Dınmūhammed Qanatūly Qūdaibergen (born 24 May 1994), known professionally as Dimash Qudaibergen and mononymously as Dimash (/dɪˈmɑːʃ/ dih-MAHSH), is a Kazakh singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He is university-trained in classical as well as contemporary music, and is known for his exceptionally wide vocal range. He has performed songs in 16 languages.

Although offered a position at the Astana Opera, he decided to carve out his career in contemporary music, mixing classical elements and traditional Kazakh music with pop music.

He gained significant popularity in Kazakhstan and other post-Soviet countries in 2015 upon becoming the Grand Prix winner of Slavianski Bazaar in Vitebsk, Belarus. He rose to fame in China with his participation as a "wildcard competitor" in Hunan TV's Singer 2017 (Chinese: 歌手2017), finishing second overall.
Lar1
LAR1 ('Lichen-Associated Rhizobiales 1') refers to a specific bacterial lineage in the order Hyphomicrobiales (formerly Rhizobiales) that has most frequently been found directly in association with lichens.

This lineage is currently known to associate with lichens that have a green-algal photosynthetic partner (as opposed to a cyanobacterial partner) and a fungal partner in the Lecanoromycetes (though other groups of fungi have not yet been examined).  This lineage has been documented in association with all green-algal lichens specifically tested (all from North America), and was also found in a sequence library derived from Antarctic lichens.  The specific ecological niche occupied by this lineage indicates that it may rely on certain nutrients that are abundant in green-algal lichen thalli but are rarer in other environments.

Hyphomicrobiales
The Hyphomicrobiales (synonym Rhizobiales) are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria.

The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families. The four families Nitrobacteraceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, and Rhizobiaceae contain at least several genera of nitrogen-fixing, legume-nodulating, microsymbiotic bacteria. Examples are the genera Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium. Species of the Methylocystaceae are methanotrophs; they use methanol (CH3OH) or methane (CH4) as their sole energy and carbon sources. Other important genera are the human pathogens Bartonella and Brucella, as well as Agrobacterium, an important tool in genetic engineering.
Liberalism in Switzerland
This article gives an overview of liberalism and the historical radicalism movement within liberalism in Switzerland. It is limited to liberal and radical parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it is not necessary that parties labeled themselves as a liberal party.

Liberal Party of Switzerland
The Liberal Party of Switzerland (German: Liberale Partei der Schweiz) or Swiss Liberal Party (French: Parti libéral suisse; Italian: Partito Liberale Svizzero; Romansh: Partida liberala svizra) was a political party in Switzerland with economically liberal policies. It was known as a party of the upper class. On 1 January 2009 it merged with the larger Free Democratic Party (FDP/PRD) to form FDP.The Liberals.

It was strongest in the Protestant cantons in Romandy, particularly in Geneva, Vaud and Neuchâtel. In contrast, the ideologically similar FDP was successful nationwide. The Liberal Party was a member of Liberal International.
Azerbaijani nomadic life
Azerbaijani nomadic life- refers to the historical and contemporary practice of individuals or groups living a nomadic (tərəkəmə) or semi-nomadic (elat) lifestyle within the cultural environment of Azerbaijan, along with its historical, cultural, and customary aspects. Temporary dwellings used by nomads in Azerbaijan include various types such as "oba, shenlik, sığırxana, yataq, binə, yurd, düşərgə, qışlaq, dəkkə, dəngə, yaylaq, etc". During the summer season, nomadic homes such as "alaçıq, coma, dəyə, muxuru, qarakeçə, dünnüklü ev, kolux, mağardəyə, etc.," are used.

In 2023, the cultural environment of nomadic life and the migration route in Azerbaijan were recognized as part of the World Heritage.

Culture of Azerbaijan
The culture of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan mədəniyyəti) combines a diverse and heterogeneous set of elements which developed under the influence of Iranic, Turkic and Caucasian cultures. Azerbaijani culture includes its cuisine, literature, folk art, architecture and music.
Vaccaei
The Vaccaei or Vaccei were a pre-Roman Celtic people of Spain, who inhabited the sedimentary plains of the central Duero valley, in the Meseta Central of northern Hispania (specifically in Castile and León).

Cantabrian Wars
The Cantabrian Wars (29–19 BC) (Bellum Cantabricum), sometimes also referred to as the Cantabrian and Asturian Wars (Bellum Cantabricum et Asturicum), were the final stage of the two-century long Roman conquest of Hispania, in what today are the provinces of Cantabria, Asturias and León in northwestern Spain.

During the reign of Emperor Augustus, Rome waged a bloody conflict against the Cantabri, the Astures and the Gallaeci still resisting Roman occupation, the last independent Celtic nations of Hispania.  These warlike peoples fiercely resisted Roman domination; ten years of war and eight legions with their auxiliary troops – more than 50,000 soldiers in total – were needed to subdue the region.

Augustus moved to Segisama (modern Sasamon, Burgos) in 26 BC to supervise the campaign in person. The major fighting was completed in 19 BC, although there were minor rebellions until 16 BC and the Romans had to station two legions there for seventy more years.
Mirador del Cretaci
Mirador del Cretaci, also known as El Mirador, is a paleontological site in Catalonia, Spain. Mainly found at the site are fossils of dinosaur footprints, eggshell fragments and bone fragments, although the partial skeleton of the sebecid crocodyliform Ogresuchus is also known from this site.

Ogresuchus
Ogresuchus is an extinct crocodylomorph known from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian stage) Tremp Formation in Spain. The type species, O. furatus, was named in 2020. It was a small crocodylomorph, measuring 1.09 m (3.6 ft) long and weighing about 9 kg (20 lb). Initially classified as a sebecid, a 2026 study suggested that it was a neosuchian, possibly an atoposaurid.
Macarthur FC
Macarthur Football Club, also known as Macarthur Bulls, is an Australian professional football club based in South Western Sydney, New South Wales. It competes in Australia's premier football competition, the A-League, under licence from Australian Professional Leagues (APL). On 13 December 2018, it was announced that the club would be accepted into the A-League as part of the new expansion process.

2024 Australia Cup
The 2024 Australia Cup was the eleventh season of the Australia Cup, the main national soccer knockout cup competition in Australia. This edition was the third under the new name of the "Australia Cup" following the renaming of Football Federation Australia to Football Australia. Thirty-two teams contested the competition proper.

Sydney FC were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Oakleigh Cannons in the Round of 32.

Macarthur FC won its second Australia Cup after defeating Melbourne Victory in the final. Macarthur FC qualified to the group stage of the AFC's 2025–26 AFC Champions League Two competition.
A Cup of Tea, a Bex and a Good Lie Down
A Cup of Tea, a Bex and a Good Lie Down is a 1965 Australian stage revue by John McKellar. The title references Bex, which was a popular compound analgesic in Australia at the time. The play popularised the phrase, "A Cup of Tea, a Bex and a Good Lie Down", which "quickly became a common Australian saying".

The play premiered at Phillip Street Theatre and ran for more than 250 performances. The cast included John Ewart, Gloria Dawn, Ruth Cracknell and Reg Livermore. The play is McKellar's most critically acclaimed and popularly attended work. The Bulletin called it "good, clean fun" with "some brilliant spots and an enlivening finale."

Bex (compound analgesic)
Bex was a strong compound analgesic which was popular in Australia for much of the 20th century. It came in the form of APC (aspirin–phenacetin–caffeine) tablets or powder, containing 42% aspirin and 42% phenacetin plus caffeine.

Bex was a product of Beckers Pty Ltd, originally based at Pym Street, Dudley Park, South Australia, but which relocated to Sydney in the 1960s. It was advertised with the phrase, "Stressful Day? What you need is a cup of tea, a Bex and a good lie down". Bex powders, as well as other APC products such as Vincent's, were particularly seen as the housewife's drug of choice in the 1950s and 1960s. However, it became recognised that these medications were addictive, and  Priscilla Kincaid-Smith found that the large doses of phenacetin ingested by habitual users were responsible for widespread kidney disease. The phenacetin was removed from Bex in 1975. Bex has also been linked to kidney cancer.
Big Pine Creek (California)
Big Pine Creek is a 12.1-mile-long (19.5 km) stream in Inyo County of eastern California, in the western United States. It flows from the eastern Sierra Nevada down to the Owens Valley, where it is a major tributary of the Owens River near Big Pine.

Big Pine, California
Big Pine (formerly Bigpine) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Big Pine is located approximately 15 miles (24 km) south-southeast of Bishop. Its population was 1,875 at the 2020 census, up from 1,756 at the 2010 census. The Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians of the Big Pine Reservation bases their tribal headquarters there.
PC-based IBM mainframe-compatible systems
Since the rise of the personal computer in the 1980s, IBM and other vendors have created PC-based IBM mainframe-compatible systems which are compatible with the larger IBM mainframe computers. For a period of time PC-based mainframe-compatible systems had a lower price and did not require as much electricity or floor space. However, they sacrificed performance and were not as dependable as mainframe-class hardware. These products have been popular with mainframe developers, in education and training settings, for very small companies with non-critical processing, and in certain disaster relief roles (such as field insurance adjustment systems for hurricane relief).

VM (operating system)
VM, often written VM/CMS, is a family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older CP-67 that formed the basis of the CP/CMS operating system. It was first released as the free Virtual Machine Facility/370 for the S/370 in 1972, followed by chargeable upgrades and versions that added support for new hardware.

VM creates virtual machines into which a conventional operating system may be loaded to allow user programs to run. Originally, that operating system was CMS, a simple single-user system similar to DOS. VM can also be used with a number of other IBM operating systems, including large systems like MVS or VSE, which are often run on their own without VM. In other cases, VM is used with a more specialized operating system or even programs that provided many OS features. These include RSCS and MUMPS, among others.
Travancore-Cochin cricket team
The Travancore-Cochin cricket team represented the Indian state of Travancore-Cochin in the Ranji Trophy from 1951–52 to 1956–57. After the state was reorganised and expanded to form the new state of Kerala in 1956, the Travancore-Cochin team was superseded by the Kerala cricket team, beginning with the 1957–58 Ranji Trophy.

P. M. Anandan
Ponnabeth Mambally Anandan (born 1 December 1924) is an Indian former cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1951 to 1957.

Anandan was an opening bowler who made his first-class debut in 1951–52 in what was also Travancore-Cochin's first first-class match. He took five or more wickets in an innings in each of his first three matches: 6 for 100 against Mysore in 1951–52, 5 for 65 against Mysore in 1952–53, and 5 for 38 against Hyderabad in 1953–54.

His older brother P. M. Raghavan also played first-class cricket for Travancore-Cochin.
Philip Curtis
Lieutenant Philip Kenneth Edward Curtis VC (7 July 1926 – 23 April 1951) was a British Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Curtis was posthumously awarded the VC for his actions during the Battle of Imjin in the Korean War.

Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
The Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army in existence from 1881 to 1959.

The regiment was created on 1 July 1881 as part of the Childers Reforms, by the merger of the 32nd (Cornwall Light Infantry) Regiment of Foot and the 46th (South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot.  The DCLI also incorporated the militia and rifle volunteers of Cornwall.

In 1959 the regiment merged with the Somerset Light Infantry (Prince Albert's) to form the Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry. However, this was amalgamated with the Durham Light Infantry, the King's Shropshire Light Infantry and the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry to form The Light Infantry which was also merged, in 2007, with the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment, the Royal Gloucestershire, Berkshire and Wiltshire Regiment and the Royal Green Jackets to form The Rifles, which continues the lineage of the DCLI.
International Luge Federation
The International Luge Federation  (French: Fédération Internationale de Luge (FIL); German: Internationaler Rennrodelverband) is the main international federation for all luge sports. Founded by 13 nations at Davos, Switzerland in 1957, it has members of 53 national luge associations as of 2009 and is based in Berchtesgaden, Germany.

FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships
The FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL), have taken place since 1970. A team event was added for the 2010 championships. For information on luge championships in Europe that have been contested since 1914, please see FIL European Luge Championships.
Paul McMahon
Paul Joseph McMahon (born 12 March 1983) is an English cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm offbreak bowler.

McMahon has represented Nottinghamshire in first-class cricket since 2002. Between 2002 and 2005, he also studied for a law degree at Oxford University, captaining the University cricket team in his last two years.

McMahon was educated at The Trinity School, Nottingham and was the England Under-19s captain in the 2002 series against India.

Trinity School, Nottingham
The Trinity School in Nottingham, England is a Catholic secondary school and sixth form with academy status for pupils aged 11–18. It is part of the Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Multi Academy Trust.

The School asserts that its main concerns are: 'academic excellence, good discipline and achievement in all the broader aspects of education within a happy and distinctively Catholic atmosphere'. In 2011 90% of students achieved 5 A*-C grades at GCSE level and 90% of students were accepted onto their 'first choice' course at university.
Natural deduction
In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the "natural" way of reasoning. This contrasts with Hilbert-style systems, which instead use axioms as much as possible to express the logical laws of deductive reasoning.

Dag Prawitz
Dag Prawitz (born 1936, Stockholm) is a Swedish philosopher and logician.  He is best known for his work on proof theory and the foundations of natural deduction, and for his contributions to proof-theoretic semantics.

Prawitz is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, of the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters and Antiquity and the Royal Swedish Academy of Science.

Prawitz was awarded the Rolf Schock Prize in Logic and Philosophy in 2020.
Morton's fork coup
Morton's fork is a coup in contract bridge that forces an opponent to choose between

letting declarer establish extra tricks in the suit led; or

losing the opportunity to win any trick in the suit led.

It takes its name from the expression Morton's fork.

Coup (bridge)
In contract bridge, coup is a generic name for various techniques in play, denoting a specific pattern in the lie and the play of cards; it is a special play maneuver by declarer.

There are various types of coup which can be effected.
Arcadie
The Association Arcadie, or simply Arcadie, was a French homophile organization established in the early 1950s by André Baudry, an ex-seminarian and philosophy professor. From its creation in the mid-1950s through the mid-1970s, Arcadie played a dominant role in the lives of French homosexuals as both a political and a social organization.

Homophile movement
The homophile movement is a collective term for the main organisations and publications supporting and representing sexual minorities in the 1950s to 1960s around the world. The name comes from the term homophile, which was commonly used by these organisations in an effort to deemphasize the sexual aspect of homosexuality. At least some of these organisations are considered to have been more cautious than both earlier and later LGBT organisations; in the U.S., the nationwide coalition of homophile groups disbanded after older members clashed with younger members who had become more radical after the Stonewall riots of 1969.
Maria Ozawa
Maria Ozawa (Japanese: 小澤 マリア, Hepburn: Ozawa Maria; born January 8, 1986) is a Japanese model and a former pornographic film actress of Canadian and Japanese ancestry. Early in her career as a model, she also used the name Miyabi (Japanese: みやび).

Kekko Kamen
Kekko Kamen (Japanese: けっこう仮面, Hepburn: Kekkō Kamen) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Go Nagai. It was serialized in Monthly Shōnen Jump from September 1974 to February 1978, with the chapters collected into five tankōbon volumes by Shueisha.

It follows the misadventures of a student named Mayumi Takahashi who attends a boarding school called Sparta Academy that is run by sadistic psychopaths. The teachers are constantly looking for ways to torture or humiliate the female students, and from this the teachers derive sexual satisfaction. Takahashi's only protection is from a mysterious nude female superhero—the titular Kekko Kamen. The manga has spawned an original video animation series and numerous live-action films. In North America, the OVAs were released by ADV Films, while several of the films were published by different distributors.
Maitland Court House
Maitland Court House is a heritage-listed courthouse at High Street, Maitland, City of Maitland, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Walter Liberty Vernon and built in 1895–96. The property is owned by the Department of Justice. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Maitland, New South Wales
Maitland (/ˈmeɪtlənd/ MAYT-lənd) is a city in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia and the seat of Maitland City Council, situated on the Hunter River approximately 166 kilometres (103 mi) by road north of Sydney and 35 km (22 mi) north-west of Newcastle. It is on the New England Highway approximately 17 km (11 mi) from its origin at Hexham.

At the 2021 census it had approximately 89,597 inhabitants, spread over an area of 392 square kilometres (151 sq mi), with most of the population located in a strip along the New England Highway between the suburbs of Lochinvar and Thornton. The city centre is located on the right bank of the Hunter River, protected from moderate potential flooding by a levee.

Surrounding areas include the cities of Cessnock and Singleton local government areas.