hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Freedom of assembly in Russia
Freedom of assembly in Russia is granted by Article 31 of the Constitution adopted in 1993, where it states that citizens of the Russian Federation shall have the right to gather peacefully, without weapons, and to hold meetings, rallies, demonstrations, marches and pickets. In practice, the right to freedom of assembly is restricted by Russian authorities. According to a Russian law introduced in 2014, a fine or detention of up to 15 days may be given for holding a demonstration without the permission of authorities and prison sentences of up to five years may be given for three breaches. Single-person pickets have resulted in fines and a three-year prison sentence.

Strategy-31
Strategy-31 (Russian: Страте́гия-31) is a series of civic protests in support of the right to peaceful assembly in Russia guaranteed by Article 31 of the Russian constitution. Since July 31, 2009, the protests were held in Moscow on Triumfalnaya Square on the 31st of every month with 31 days.

The name is an example of a trend in organizations' naming themselves after sections of treaties and law, something that Zachary Elkins has called "chapter-verse branding."
New World Centre
The New World Centre (Chinese: 新世界中心) was a retail-hotel-residential-office complex on Salisbury Road, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It housed two hotels (InterContinental Hong Kong, now closed for renovation in order to rebrand as Regent Hong Kong in 2022, and the now-demolished Renaissance Kowloon), two office towers, a shopping complex and serviced apartments. It was reported to be one of the largest commercial complexes in the world at the time. It used to house a Tokyu Department Store. It was located near the Sogo department store and the Hong Kong Space Museum, opposite the MTR East Tsim Sha Tsui station.

It was closed on 31 March 2010 for demolition. It was replaced by the New World Development Co. Ltd.'s new 63-storey Victoria Dockside tower and a hotel by the Rosewood Hotel Group, and opened in 2019.

Tsim Sha Tsui
Tsim Sha Tsui (Chinese: 尖沙咀), often abbreviated as TST, is an area in southern Kowloon, Hong Kong. The area is administratively part of the Yau Tsim Mong District. Tsim Sha Tsui East is a piece of land reclaimed from the Hung Hom Bay now east of Tsim Sha Tsui. The area is bounded north by Austin Road and in the east by Hong Chong Road and Cheong Wan Road.

Geographically, Tsim Sha Tsui is a cape on the tip of the Kowloon Peninsula pointing towards Victoria Harbour, opposite Central. Several villages had been established in this location before Kowloon was ceded to the British Empire in 1860. The name Tsim Sha Tsui in Cantonese means sharp sandspit. It was also known as Heung Po Tau (香埗頭), i.e. a port for exporting incense tree.

Tsim Sha Tsui is a major tourist hub in Hong Kong, with many high-end shops, bars, pubs and restaurants that cater to tourists. Many of Hong Kong's museums are located in the area.
East Lyme Public Schools
East Lyme Public Schools is a school district in East Lyme, Connecticut, United States.

The district has one high school, one middle school, and three elementary schools. It is overseen by an elected 10-member board of education that serve four-year terms.

The district also serves high school students from Salem.

East Lyme, Connecticut
East Lyme is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 18,693 at the 2020 census. The villages of Niantic and Flanders are located in the town.
Luz Range
Luz Range (72°3′S 4°49′E﻿ / ﻿72.050°S 4.817°E﻿ / -72.050; 4.817) is a mountain range 14 nautical miles (26 km) long, including Petrellfjellet, Snobjorga Bluff and associated features, lying next east of the Gablenz Range in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and named after the commercial director of the German Lufthansa Corporation.

Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains
The Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains (German: Mühlig-Hofmann-Gebirge) is a major group of associated mountain features extending east to west for 100 km (62 mi) between the Gjelsvik Mountains and the Orvin Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 3,148 metres (10,328 ft), the massive Jøkulkyrkja Mountain forms the highest point in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains.
Sigmund Romberg
Sigmund Romberg (July 29, 1887 – November 9, 1951) was a Hungarian-born American composer. He is best known for his musicals and operettas, particularly The Student Prince (1924), The Desert Song (1926) and The New Moon (1928).

Early in his career, Romberg was employed by the Shubert brothers to write music for their musicals and revues, including several vehicles for Al Jolson. For the Shuberts, he also adapted several European operettas for American audiences, including the successful Maytime (1917) and Blossom Time (1921). His three hit operettas of the mid-1920s, named above, are in the style of Viennese operetta, but his other works from that time mostly employ the style of American musicals of their eras. He also composed film scores.

Elliott Arnold
Elliott Arnold (September 13, 1912 – May 13, 1980) was an American newspaper feature writer, novelist, and screenwriter. Born in Brooklyn, New York, he became a feature writer with the New York World-Telegram and authored dozens of novels.
Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
During the Spanish Civil War Catholic people faced persecution from the Republican faction of the war, in part due to their support of the nationalists and the recently abolished monarchy. The Catholic Church venerates them as martyrs. More than 6,800 clerics and other Catholic people were killed in what has been dubbed the Red Terror. As of December 2025, 2,255 Spanish martyrs have been beatified; 11 of them being canonized. For some 2,000 additional martyrs, the beatification process is underway.

José María of Manila
José María of Manila (Spanish: José María de Manila : 5 September 1880 – 17 August 1936) was a Criollo Catholic priest and friar of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. He was martyred in the early phase of the Spanish Civil War, and is the third Filipino to have been declared blessed by the Roman Catholic Church.
Trichopolydesmidae
Trichopolydesmidae is a family of millipedes in the order Polydesmida. Some authorities deem this family to include Fuhrmannodesmidae, Mastigonodesmidae, Macrosternodesmidae, and Nearctodesmidae as junior synonyms. Others adopt narrower definitions of this family, for example, including only Fuhrmannodesmidae and Mastigonodesmidae as synonyms.

Under the broader definition, this family includes about 140 species distributed among about 75 genera. These species are found mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in the tropics but also in temperate regions. About 80 species and 55 genera are tropical, whereas about 60 species and 20 genera are Holarctic.

Nearctodesmidae
Nearctodesmidae is a family of flat-backed millipedes in the order Polydesmida. These millipedes are found in northwestern North America. This family includes the species Nearctodesmus salix. The defensive secretion of this millipede consist of hydrogen cyanide, benzaldehyde, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and 2-methylbutanoic. This evidence confirms that cyanogenesis extends to the family Nearctodesmidae.
Fort Defiance (British Columbia)
Fort Defiance was a small outpost that the crew of the Columbia Rediviva built as winter quarters during 1791–1792 on Meares Island in present-day British Columbia, Canada. American merchant and maritime fur trader Captain Robert Gray was in command.

Maritime fur trade
The maritime fur trade, a ship-based fur trade system, focused largely on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Alaska Natives. Entrepreneurs also exploited fur-bearing skins from the wider Pacific (from, for example, the Juan Fernández fur seal) and from the Southern Ocean.

The trade mostly serviced the market in Qing China, which imported furs and exported tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and in the United States.
Lastminute.com Group
Lastminute.com N.V. is the owner of several travel brands including lastminute.com, Volagratis, Rumbo, Bravofly, Jetcost, Crocierissime.it, weg.de, and Hotelscan.

The company operates websites and mobile apps in 17 languages and 40 countries and has 43 million monthly unique users.

It was called Bravofly Rumbo Group until May 2015.

Sabre Corporation
Sabre Corporation, a travel technology company headquartered in Southlake, Texas, is the largest global distribution systems (GDS) provider for air bookings. The company's primary product, the Sabre Global Distribution System, and others like it, act as neutral intermediaries, connecting travel suppliers like airlines and hotels with travel sellers like agencies. They offer real-time availability and pricing, making them important for corporate travel management.

Founded by American Airlines in 1960, Sabre was spun off and became an independent company in 2000. In 2007, Texas Pacific Group and Silver Lake Partners acquired Sabre Holdings, the company's former name. Sabre then went public on the NASDAQ stock exchange in 2014.

Sabre's primary competitors are Amadeus IT Group, which operates the Amadeus CRS and Travelport, which operates the Galileo GDS.
Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Oshkosh (/ˈɒʃkɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the western shore of Lake Winnebago, adjacent to the much less populous Town of Oshkosh in the north. The population was 66,816 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Oshkosh metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Winnebago County, had 171,730 residents. Oshkosh is included in the greater Fox Cities region of Wisconsin.

Experimental Aircraft Association
The Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) is an international organization of aviation enthusiasts based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.  Since its inception, it has grown internationally with over 300,000 members and nearly 1,000 chapters worldwide. It hosts the largest aviation gathering of its kind in the world, EAA AirVenture Oshkosh.
Chambhar
Chambhar is a caste from the Indian state of Maharashtra, and Northern Karnataka. Their traditional occupation was leather work. Historically subject to untouchability, they were traditionally outside the Hindu ritual ranking system of castes known as varna. Castes with similar traditional occupation are found throughout the Indian subcontinent such as Chamar in Northern India, and Mochi in Gujarat.

Ramdasia
The Ramdasia, also referred to as Ravidassia, were historically a Sikh, Hindu sub-group that originated from the caste of leather tanners and shoemakers known as Chamar, and the weaver caste known as Julahas. Sikh historian W. H. McLeod refers to Ramdasia as a Sikh of the Chamar caste in his book named 'The A to Z of Sikhism', and in his other book named 'Punjabis in New Zealand', he traced a Chamar Sikh migrant, an antecedent of Ramdasia.
Lillian Gordy Carter
Bessie Lillian Gordy Carter (née Gordy; August 15, 1898 – October 30, 1983) was an American nurse. She is most known as the mother of Jimmy Carter, who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. She was also known for her contributions as a Peace Corps volunteer in India and for writing two books during her son’s presidency.

Lillian Carter Center for International Nursing
The Lillian Carter Center for International Nursing is an organizational unit of Emory University named after Lillian Gordy Carter, President Jimmy Carter's mother, in honor of her humanitarian work in India. It was established in 2001.
First Kvirikashvili government
The first government of Giorgi Kvirikashvili was the government of Georgia, led by Giorgi Kvirikashvili as the Prime Minister. It was nominated by the ruling Georgian Dream coalition after the preceding Garibashvili government was dissolved following Garibashvili's resignation and won the confidence vote in the Parliament of Georgia overnight from December 29 to December 30, 2015. On 26 November 2016, after the October 2016 parliamentary election, the second Kvirikashvili government was approved by the Parliament.

Second Kvirikashvili government
The second government of Giorgi Kvirikashvili was the government of Georgia, with Giorgi Kvirikashvili as its head as the country's Prime Minister from 26 November 2016 to 13 June 2018. The cabinet was formed after the victory of the incumbent Georgian Dream–Democratic Georgia party in the October 2016 parliamentary election. On 26 November 2016, the new government, which retained most members of the preceding one, was approved by the Parliament of Georgia in the vote of confidence, with 110 votes in favor; 19 members—representing the opposition United National Movement and Alliance of Patriots of Georgia parties—voted against. The government became defunct following Kvirikashvili's resignation on 13 June 2018. It was succeeded by the government of Mamuka Bakhtadze.
New Zealand Rugby
New Zealand Rugby (NZR) is the governing body of rugby union in New Zealand. It was founded in 1892 as the New Zealand Rugby Football Union (NZRFU), 12 years after the first provincial unions in New Zealand. In 1949 it became an affiliate to the International Rugby Football Board, now known as World Rugby, the governing body of rugby union for the world. It dropped the word "Football" from its name in 2006. The brand name New Zealand Rugby was adopted in 2013. Officially, it is an incorporated society with the name New Zealand Rugby Union Incorporated.

The organisation's main objectives, as displayed in the NZR Constitution, are to promote and develop rugby throughout New Zealand; arrange and participate in matches and tours in New Zealand and overseas; represent New Zealand in World Rugby; form and manage New Zealand representative teams; and encourage participation in the sport. NZR headquarters are located in Wellington, New Zealand, with an office in Auckland.

Otago Rugby Football Union
The Otago Rugby Football Union is the official governing body of rugby union for the Otago region of New Zealand. The union is based in the city of Dunedin, and its home ground is Forsyth Barr Stadium. The top representative team competes in the ITM Cup, New Zealand's top provincial competition. The union was to have been liquidated in March 2012. However a deal involving the Dunedin City Council allowed it to keep operating. Otago have won the Ranfurly Shield on eight occasions (1935, 1938, 1947, 1957, 2013, 2018, 2020 and 2025). They were the National provincial championship winners in 1991 and 1998. They have a proud record playing international teams, having defeated South Africa and the British and Irish Lions.
La Viña Department
La Viña is a department located in Salta Province, in northwestern Argentina.

With an area of 2,152 km2 (831 sq mi) it is one of the smallest departments of the province. It borders to the north with the departments of Cerrillos, and Rosario de Lerma, to the east with Capital Department, to the south with La Viña Department and to the west with the departments of Cachi and San Carlos.

San Carlos Department, Salta
San Carlos is a department located in Salta Province, in Argentina.

With an area of 5,125 km2 (1,979 sq mi) it borders to the east with the La Viña Department, to the southeast with Cafayate Department, to the northeast with Chicoana Department, to the north with Cachi Department, to the west with Molinos Department and to the south and southwest with the province of Catamarca.
Rainbow Herbicides
The Rainbow Herbicides are a group of tactical-use chemical weapons used by the United States military in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War. Success with Project AGILE field tests in 1961 with herbicides in South Vietnam was inspired by the British use of herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency in the 1950s, which led to the formal herbicidal program Trail Dust (see Operation Ranch Hand). Herbicidal warfare is the use of substances primarily designed to destroy the plant-based ecosystem of an agricultural food production area and/or to destroy dense foliage which provides the enemy with natural tactical cover.

Defoliant
A defoliant is any herbicidal chemical sprayed or dusted on plants to cause their leaves to fall off. Defoliants are widely used for the selective removal of weeds in managing croplands and lawns. Worldwide use of defoliants, along with the development of other herbicides and pesticides, allowed for the Green Revolution, an increase in agricultural production in mid-20th century. Defoliants have also been used in warfare as a means to deprive an enemy of food crops and/or hiding cover, most notably by the United Kingdom during the Malayan Emergency and the United States in the Vietnam War. Defoliants were also used by Indonesian forces in various internal security operations.
May 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 8 – Eastern Orthodox Church calendar – May 10

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 22 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 9th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 26.

May 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 9 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 11

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 23 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 10, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 27.
Exiled (2019 film)
Exiled (Spanish: Exiliada) is a 2019 Nicaraguan documentary film directed by Leonor Zúniga. The film features interviews with Zoilamérica Ortega Murillo, stepdaughter of the leader of the Sandinista Revolution and Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega. In 1998 she accused him of sexually abusing her as a child; almost twenty years later, she lives in exile in Costa Rica with her ten-year-old son. The film takes place during Ortega's electoral campaign, as he seeks reelection and reaching power for the fourth time, and develops in two periods: the past, using archive footage when Zoilamérica made her accusation in 1998, and the present, in 2016, after being forced to live in exile.

Zoilamérica Ortega Murillo
Zoilamérica Ortega Murillo (née Narváez Murillo) (born November 13, 1967, in Managua) is a consultant for Comunidad Casabierta, an LGBTI rights organisation in Costa Rica. She is also a former member of the National Assembly of Nicaragua.

In 1998, she accused the president of Nicaragua and her stepfather, Daniel Ortega, of sexually abusing her as a child.
Tana Church
Tana Church (Norwegian: Tana kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Deatnu-Tana Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Rustefjelbma.  It is the main church for the Tana parish which is part of the Indre Finnmark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The unique, brown, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1964 using designs drawn up by the architect Esben Poulsson (1907-1974) to replace the old church that was burned down by the retreating German forces towards the end of World War II. The church seats about 300 people.

Rustefjelbma
Rustefjelbma (Norwegian), Ruostefielbmá (Northern Sami), or Ruostefjelma (Kven) is a village in Deatnu-Tana Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Tana River, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the mouth of the river at the Tanafjorden. The village of Bonakas lies just north of Rustefjelbma.

The municipal centre of Tana bru lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south.  Rustefjelbma is the location of Tana Church. During the winter months, there is an ice road that crosses the Tana River at Rustefjelbma.
Penguin Island (South Australia)
Penguin Island is an island in the Australian state of South Australia located in Rivoli Bay on the state's south east coast of  approximately 1.5 kilometres (0.93 miles) south of Beachport.  From 1878 to 1960, it was the site of an operating lighthouse.  Since at least 1972, it has been part of the Penguin Island Conservation Park.

Rivoli Bay
Rivoli Bay (French: Baie de Rivoli) is a bay located on the south-east coast of the Australian state of South Australia, about 311 kilometres (193 miles) south-southeast of the state capital of Adelaide and about 65 kilometres (40 miles) northwest by west of the regional centre of Mount Gambier. It was named in 1802 by the Baudin expedition of 1800–03 after André Masséna, the Duke of Rivoli and Marshal of France. It is one of four 'historic bays' located on the South Australian coast.
Wyocena, Wisconsin
Wyocena is a village in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 756 at the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Wyocena. It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Columbia County, Wisconsin
Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,490. Its county seat and largest city is Portage. The county was created in 1846 as part of Wisconsin Territory. Columbia County is part of the Madison, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Madison-Janesville-Beloit, WI Combined Statistical Area.
My Bonny Light Horseman
My Bonny Light Horseman: Being an Account of the Further Adventures of Jacky Faber, in Love and War is a historical novel written by L.A. Meyer, published in 2008. It is the sixth book in the Bloody Jack Adventure series about a teenage girl named Jacky Faber, alias Bloody Jack, set in the early 19th century.

My Bonny Light Horseman is preceded by Bloody Jack (2002), Curse of the Blue Tattoo (2004), Under the Jolly Roger (2005), In the Belly of the Bloodhound (2006), and Mississippi Jack (2007). It is followed by Rapture of the Deep (2009), The Wake of the Lorelei Lee (2010), The Mark of the Golden Dragon (2011), Viva Jacquelina! (2012), Boston Jacky (2013), and Wild Rover No More (2016).

The Mark of the Golden Dragon
The Mark of the Golden Dragon: Being an Account of the Further Adventures of Jacky Faber, Jewel of the East, Vexation of the West, and Pearl of the South China Sea is a historical fiction novel by L.A. Meyer published in 2011. It is the ninth book in the Bloody Jack Adventure series about a teenage girl named Jacky Faber, alias Bloody Jack, set in the early 19th century. It is preceded by Bloody Jack (2002), Curse of the Blue Tattoo (2004), Under the Jolly Roger (2005), In the Belly of the Bloodhound (2006), Mississippi Jack (2007), My Bonny Light Horseman (2008), Rapture of the Deep (2009), and The Wake of the Lorelei Lee (2010). It is followed by Viva Jacquelina! (2012), Boston Jacky (2013), and Wild Rover No More (2016).