hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Existenz (journal)
Existenz is an on-line biannual academic journal covering research in philosophy, religion, politics, and the arts. Established in 2006 by its founding editors Alan M. Olson and Helmut Wautischer and is sponsored by the Karl Jaspers Society of North America. Its title, Existenz, derives from an essential feature of the philosophy of Karl Jaspers, namely, the notion of mögliche Existenz or "possible self-being" for which Jaspers became famous as one of the world's leading existentialist philosophers in the 20th century.

The journal serves as a publication outlet for Jaspers scholarship, cooperates with various international Jaspers societies, including those in the United States, Japan, Poland, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Croatia, and also considers direct submissions of articles for online publication. Existenz is indexed by The Philosopher's Index and included in the EBSCO database.

Karl Jaspers Society of North America
The Karl Jaspers Society of North America (KJSNA) is a philosophy organization founded on December 28, 1980 by George B. Pepper (Iona College), Edith Ehrlich, and Leonard H. Ehrlich (University of Massachusetts Amherst) to promote study and research on the ideas of Karl Jaspers and related issues in continental philosophy. The prospect of forming this society emerged from the research by these scholars while preparing a systematic reader of the basic philosophical writings of Karl Jaspers. Enthusiastic response to the reader prompted Pepper and Ehrlich to conclude that a learned society to study the work of Jaspers should be founded. The Karl Jaspers Society of North America is tax exempt under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code as a nonprofit organization.
Asim Zeneli
Asim Zeneli (3 May 1916 – 2 July 1943) was an Albanian partisan during World War II. His death against Italian troops in 1943 in Mezhgoran became a rallying point for the National Liberation Movement (LANÇ). Posthumously he was awarded the highest honor of the country, Hero of the People.

Hero of the People
The Hero of the People (Albanian: Hero i Popullit; Heroinë e Popullit) was the highest title bestowed upon the citizens of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania, one of several Hero titles awarded by Eastern Bloc countries.

The associated Hero of Socialist Labour title was awarded for exceptional achievements in national economy and culture.
Gachantivá
Gachantivá is a town and municipality in the Ricaurte Province, part of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Gachantivá is located at altitudes ranging from 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) to 3,300 metres (10,800 ft) on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and borders Villa de Leyva in the south, Santa Sofía in the west, Arcabuco in the east and Moniquirá in the north.

Santa Sofía, Boyacá
Santa Sofía is a town and municipality in the Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Ricaurte Province, Colombia. The urban centre of Santa Sofía is located at an altitude of 2,387 metres (7,831 ft) on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, with the highest elevated parts of the municipality, that have a páramo ecosystem, reaching 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). Santa Sofía borders Moniquirá in the north, Gachantivá in the west, Villa de Leyva in the southeast, Sutamarchán in the south, Saboyá in the southwest, and Puente Nacional, Santander in the west.
Ngalami
Ngalami or Ngalami Mmari (c. 1865–2 March 1900), also known as Mangi Ngalami of Siha, (Mangi Ngalami in Kichagga), (Mfalme Ngalami, in Swahili) of the House of Mmari was one of many kings of the Chagga. He was the king of one of the Chagga states, namely; the Siha Kingdom in what is now modern Siha District of Tanzania's Kilimanjaro Region from the 1880s to 1900. Mangi means king in Kichagga. Ngalami ruled from the Siha seat of Komboko (Kibong'oto) in the 1880s to 1900 when he was executed in Moshi by the Germans alongside 19 other Chagga, Meru and Arusha leaders. The execution of 19 noblemen and leaders on Friday 2nd of March 1900, included noblemen Thomas Kitimbo Kirenga, Sindato Kiutesha Kiwelu, King Meli of Moshi, King Lolbulu of Meru, King Rawaito of Arusha, King Marai of Arusha, and King Molelia of Kibosho.

Great Hanging at Old Moshi
The Great Hanging at Old Moshi also known as Great Chagga conspiracy and the hangings of 1900 (Unyongaji wa viongozi wa jadi pale Old Moshi mwaka 1900, in Swahili) was a mass execution that took place on March 2, 1900, during the German colonial occupation of Tanzania, 19 suspected Chagga, Arusha, and Meru leaders were publicly hanged and shot in Old Moshi for alleged conspiracy by German Captain Kurt Johannes.
 Some prominent leaders that were executed were Mangi Ngalami of Siha, Mangi Molelia of Kibosho, Mangi Lobulu of Meru, Mangi Lebanga of Arusha,  Rawaito of Arusha,  Marai of Arusha, and Mangi Meli of Moshi, Mchili Thomas Kitimbo Kirenga and Mchili Sindato Kiutesha Kiwelu. The mass execution is considered one of the tragic events in Chagga history.
Neapoli Stadium
37°58′37.64″N 23°38′6.00″E﻿ / ﻿37.9771222°N 23.6350000°E﻿ / 37.9771222; 23.6350000

Neapoli Stadium is a football stadium in Nikea, Piraeus, Attica.

The stadium was completed in 1965, and currently has a seating capacity of 5,500.

The stadium is mostly used for football matches and is the home field for Ionikos FC.

Record attendance is 6,565 for a match against Olympiacos F.C. in 1990.
On June 13, 2009, it was also used as the field for the Rugby Sevens' finals of the Hellenic Rugby Federation.

Nikaia, Attica
Nikaia (Greek: Νίκαια, Níkaia), known before 1940 as Kokkinia (Κοκκινιά, Kokkiniá), is a town and a suburb of the Piraeus agglomeration, in the southwestern part of the Athens urban area, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Nikaia-Agios Ioannis Rentis in the regional unit of Piraeus, and it is the seat and a municipal unit of the municipality.
Charles Dickinson (priest)
Charles Henry Dickinson  (1871–1930) was Archdeacon of Bristol from 1921 until 1927.

Dickinson educated at Haileybury and Keble College, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1895  and priest in 1896. After curacies in Cricklade  and Brandon Hill  he was Vicar of All Saints, Bristol from 1905 until his Archdeacon’s appointment.

He died on 10 January 1930. Thorold Dickinson, his son, was a filmmaker.

Thorold Dickinson
Thorold Barron Dickinson CBE (16 November 1903 – 14 April 1984) was a British film director, screenwriter, film editor, film producer, and Britain's first university professor of film. Dickinson's work received much praise, with fellow director Martin Scorsese describing him as "a uniquely intelligent, passionate artist... They're not in endless supply."
Zosterops
Zosterops (meaning "eye-girdle") is a genus of passerine birds containing the typical white-eyes in the white-eye family Zosteropidae. The genus has the largest number of species in the white-eye family. They occur in the Afrotropical, Indomalayan, and Australasian realms. Typical white-eyes have a length of between 8 and 15 cm (3 and 6 in). Their most characteristic feature is a conspicuous white feather ring around the eye, though some species lack it. The species in this group vary in the structural adaptations of the tongue. The Zosterops [griseotinctus] group is an example of a "great speciator" inhabiting a vast area and showing a remarkable morphological differentiation on islands, some of which may be as close as 2 km (1.2 mi) apart.

Malagasy white-eye
The Malagasy white-eye (Zosterops maderaspatanus) is a species of bird in the white-eye family, Zosteropidae. Found in Madagascar and Seychelles, its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Capriata d'Orba
Capriata d'Orba is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,862 and an area of 28.3 square kilometres (10.9 sq mi).

Capriata d'Orba borders the following municipalities: Basaluzzo, Castelletto d'Orba, Francavilla Bisio, Predosa, Rocca Grimalda, San Cristoforo, and Silvano d'Orba.

Castelletto d'Orba
Castelletto d'Orba is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Alessandria.

Castelletto d'Orba borders the following municipalities: Capriata d'Orba, Lerma, Montaldeo, San Cristoforo, and Silvano d'Orba.
National CSS
National CSS, Inc. (NCSS) was a time-sharing firm in the 1960–80s, until its acquisition by Dun & Bradstreet in 1979. NCSS was originally headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut, but relocated to Wilton in 1978. Sales offices, data centers, and development facilities were located at various sites throughout the U.S. Some additional sales offices were active in the UK and elsewhere.

IBM System/360 Model 67
The IBM System/360 Model 67 (S/360-67) was an important IBM mainframe model in the late 1960s. Unlike the rest of the S/360 series, it included features to facilitate time-sharing applications, notably a Dynamic Address Translation unit, the "DAT box", to support virtual memory, 32-bit addressing and the  2846 Channel Controller to allow sharing channels between processors. The S/360-67 was otherwise compatible with the rest of the S/360 series.
Ghana Air Force
The Ghana Air Force (GHF) is the aerial warfare organizational military branch of the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF). The GHF, along with the Ghanaian army (GA) and Ghanaian navy (GN), make up the Ghanaian Armed Forces (GAF), which are controlled by the Ghanaian Ministry of Defence (MoD).

De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou
The de Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou (designated by the United States military as the CV-2 and later C-7 Caribou) is a Canadian specialized cargo aircraft with short takeoff and landing (STOL) capability developed by de Havilland Canada. The Caribou was first flown in 1958 and although mainly retired from military operations, is still in use in small numbers as a rugged bush airplane. The type certificate of the aircraft is now owned by De Havilland Canada founded in 2019.

The design was further developed as the de Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo, adding turboprop engines and other changes that further improved its short-field performance to the point where it competes with light aircraft even with a full load.
Stormyrbassenget
Stormyrbassenget, also known as Stormyraven or Avan, is a lake in Hemnes Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It lies about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the municipal center of Korgen and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the village of Bleikvasslia. The lake lies along the river Røssåga as it flows north to the Ranfjord.

Hemnes Municipality
Hemnes is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Korgen. Other villages include Bjerka, Bleikvasslia, Finneidfjord, Hemnesberget, and Sund.

The municipality sits south of the Ranfjorden and stretches south and east toward the border with Sweden. The Nordland Line and European route E6 cross Hemnes on their way to the town of Mo i Rana about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the northeast. The E6 highway enters Hemnes from the west through the Korgfjell Tunnel from Vefsn Municipality.

The 1,590-square-kilometre (610 sq mi) municipality is the 49th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Hemnes Municipality is the 194th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,485. The municipality's population density is 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.5% over the previous 10-year period.
South Mountain, Texas
South Mountain is a town in Coryell County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, South Mountain had a population of 411. It is part of the Killeen–Temple–Fort Hood Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Killeen–Temple metropolitan area
Killeen–Temple is a metropolitan statistical area in Central Texas that covers three counties: Bell, Coryell, and part of Lampasas. As of the 2023 census estimates, the MSA had a population of 501,333.

Similar to how the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area of North Texas is often called the Metroplex, locals sometimes refer to this area as the Centroplex.
Larry Zbyszko
Lawrence Whistler (born December 5, 1951), better known by the ring name Larry Zbyszko, is an American retired professional wrestler. He is perhaps best known for his feud with his mentor, Bruno Sammartino, during the early 1980s as well as his work as a wrestler and color commentator for World Championship Wrestling. Among other accolades, he is a two-time world champion having twice held the AWA World Heavyweight Championship. Zbyszko was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame on March 28, 2015, by Sammartino.

American Wrestling Association
The American Wrestling Association (AWA) was an American professional wrestling promotion based in Minneapolis, Minnesota that ran from 1960 until 1991. It was founded by Verne Gagne and Wally Karbo. The promotion was born out of the Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, originally founded in 1933, which served as the Minnesota-based territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from 1948 onward, before breaking away from the NWA and becoming an independent territory in 1960.
Black partridge
The black partridge (Melanoperdix niger), also known as the black wood partridge, is a small (up to 27 cm long) partridge with a thick bill, grey legs and dark brown iris. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Melanoperdix.

The black partridge is sexually dimorphic. The male has entirely glossy black plumage and a black bill, while the female is generally a chestnut-brown bird with a whitish throat and belly and a dark horn-colored bill. The female is smaller than the male.

The black partridge occurs in lowland rainforests of Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo and Sumatra in southeast Asia. It was formerly found but is long extinct on Singapore. The female usually lays five to six white eggs.

Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size and overhunting in some areas, the black partridge is evaluated as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix III of CITES in Malaysia.

Partridge
A partridge is a medium-sized galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdicinae subfamily of the Phasianidae (pheasants, quail, etc.). However, molecular research suggests that partridges are not a distinct taxon within the superfamily Phasianoidea, but that some species are closer to the pheasants, while others are closer to the junglefowl.
University of Rostock
The University of Rostock (German: Universität Rostock) is a public university located in Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Founded in 1419, it is the third-oldest university in Germany. It is the oldest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area, and 8th oldest in Central Europe. It was the 5th university established in the Holy Roman Empire.

The university has been associated with three Nobel laureates: Albrecht Kossel, Karl von Frisch and Otto Stern. It is a member of the European University Association. According to a ranking published by Times Higher Education in 2018, it is the most beautiful university in Germany and the fourth most beautiful university in all of Europe. The language of instruction is usually German, and English for some postgraduate studies.

Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research
54°5′38″N 12°6′40″E﻿ / ﻿54.09389°N 12.11111°E﻿ / 54.09389; 12.11111

The Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR) is located in Rostock, Germany. It was founded in 1996 by James Vaupel and moved into new buildings in Rostock in 2002. It is one of approximately 80 institutes of the Max Planck Society.

The MPIDR is jointly led by Emilio Zagheni, who took over from MPIDR founding director James Vaupel in February 2018, and Mikko Myrskylä. Myrskylä replaced Joshua R. Goldstein in 2014, who had taken over from Jan Hoem.
Berumbur
Berumbur is a municipality in the district of Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the municipal association (Samtgemeinde) of Hage. In 2022 it had approximately 2,700 inhabitants and covers an area of 6.42 square kilometers. It is east of the town of Hage.

The municipality includes the districts (Ortsteile) Kleinheide and Holzdorf. Directly to the west of Berumbur is Berum, home to Berum Castle, which played a prominent role in East Frisian history.

Hage (Samtgemeinde)
Hage is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the municipality Hage.

The Samtgemeinde Hage consists of the following municipalities:

Berumbur

Hage

Hagermarsch

Halbemond

Lütetsburg

53°36′00″N 7°16′59″E﻿ / ﻿53.600°N 7.283°E﻿ / 53.600; 7.283
Aguada, Puerto Rico
Aguada (/əˈɡwɑːdə/; Spanish: [aˈɣwaða], locally [aˈwaða]), originally San Francisco de Asís de la Aguada, is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico, located in the northwestern coastal valley region bordering the Atlantic Ocean, east of Rincón, south of Aguadilla, west of Moca; and north of Añasco and Mayagüez. It is part of the Aguadilla-Isabela-San Sebastián Metropolitan Statistical Area. Aguada's population is spread over 17 barrios and Aguada Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city).

Culebrinas River
The Culebrinas River (Spanish: Río Culebrinas, pronounced [ˈri.o kuleˈβɾinas] KOOL-ə-BREEN-əs) is a river in northwestern Puerto Rico. It originates in southwestern Lares for 25 miles (40 km) till it empties into the Mona Passage south of downtown Aguadilla. It goes through Lares, San Sebastián, Moca, Aguada and Aguadilla municipalities. It is 37.33 miles long and when it floods causes damage to infrastructure in a number of municipalities.
Myawaddy
Myawaddy (Burmese: မြဝတီ; Thai: เมียวดี; RTGS: Mia-wadi; S'gaw Karen: ရၤမတံ , Eastern Pwo Karen Plone: မေဝ်ပ္တီ ) is a town in southeastern Myanmar, in Kayin State, close to the border with Thailand. Separated from the Thai border town of Mae Sot by the Moei River (Thaungyin River), the town is the most important trading point between Myanmar and Thailand. Myawaddy is 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Mawlamyine, the fourth largest city of Myanmar, and 426 kilometres (265 mi) northwest of Bangkok, the capital of Thailand.

Mawlamyine
Mawlamyine (also spelled Mawlamyaing; Burmese: မော်လမြိုင်မြို့, MLCTS: mau la. mruing mrui., Burmese pronunciation: [mɔ̀ləmjàɪ̯ɰ̃ mjo̰]; Thai: เมาะลำเลิง; Mon: မတ်မလီု, Mon pronunciation: [mo̤t məlɜ̤m]), formerly Moulmein, is the fourth-largest city in Myanmar (Burma), 300 kilometres (190 mi) southeast of Yangon and 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Thaton, at the mouth of Thanlwin (Salween) River. Mawlamyine was an ancient city and the first capital of British Burma. It also serves as the capital of Mon State.
Golan
Golan (Hebrew: גּוֹלָן, romanized: Gōlān) is a city of refuge mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, later known from the works of Josephus (first century CE) and Eusebius (Onomasticon, early 4th century CE). Archaeologists localize the biblical city of Golan at Sahm el-Jaulān, a Syrian village east of Wadi ar-Ruqqad in the Daraa Governorate, where early Byzantine ruins were found.

In 1954, Israeli historical geographer Zev Vilnay had tentatively identified the town of Golan with the Goblana (Gaulan) of the Talmud, which he thought to be the ruin ej-Jelêbîne on the Wâdy Dabûra, a wadi near the Lake of Huleh, by way of a corruption of the site's original name.

Cities of Refuge
The cities of refuge (Hebrew: ערי המקלט, romanized: ‘ārê ha-miqlāṭ) were six Levitical cities in the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah in which the perpetrators of accidental manslaughter could claim the right of asylum. Maimonides, invoking Talmudic literature, expands the city of refuge count to all 48 Levitical cities.
Outside of these cities, blood vengeance against such perpetrators was allowed by law. The Bible names the six cities of refuge as follows: Golan, Ramoth, and Bosor to the east (left bank) of the Jordan River; and Kedesh, Shechem, and Hebron on the western (right) side.
Harleston Sancroft Academy
The Harleston Sancroft Academy is a Church of England all-through school located in Harleston, Norfolk, England.  It was formed on 1 September 2022 from Archbishop Sancroft High School and Harleston Primary Academy.

Harleston, Norfolk
Harleston is a town in the civil parish of Redenhall with Harleston, in the South Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 16 miles (26 km) from Norwich. In 2018, it had an estimated population of 5,067. Harleston is on the Norfolk/Suffolk border, close to the River Waveney. Harleston has two markets every Wednesday.

Harleston is an electoral ward comprising the civil parishes of Needham, Redenhall with Harleston, and Wortwell. At the last election, in May 2019, two Conservative councillors were elected to South Norfolk Council.
Juchilestes
Juchilestes is an amphidontid mammal genus from the early Cretaceous (early Aptian stage, 123.2 ± 1.0 Ma). It lived in what is now the Beipiao of western Liaoning, eastern China. It is known from the holotype D2607, which consists of three-dimensionally preserved, partial skull with mandibles and some teeth. It was found in 2004 from the Lujiatun Site of the Yixian Formation (Jehol Biota). It was first named by Chun-Ling Gao, Gregory P. Wilson, Zhe-Xi Luo, A. Murat Maga, Qingjin Meng and Xuri Wang in 2010 and the type species is Juchilestes liaoningensis.

Amphidontidae
The Amphidontidae are a family of extinct mammals from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, belonging to the eutriconodonts. It contains most of the species previously belonged to Amphilestidae.
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (Indonesia)
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (Indonesian: Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara, lit. 'Directorate General of Air Transportation') is a Directorate General under the control of the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia, which oversees the administration of civil aviation throughout the nation. The office of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation oversees all government regulations pertaining to civil aviation and the Aviation Act (Undang Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 Tentang Penerbangan). Its headquarters is in Jakarta.

Ministry of Transportation (Indonesia)
The Ministry of Transportation (Indonesian: Kementerian Perhubungan), formerly the Department of Transportation (Indonesian: Departemen Perhubungan) is a government ministry responsible for the governance and regulation of transportation in Indonesia.  The Ministry is located in Jakarta.
Watchdog journalism
Watchdog journalism is a form of investigative journalism in which journalists, authors or publishers of a news publication fact-check and interview political and public figures to increase accountability in democratic governance systems.

Fact-checking
Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the text or content is published or otherwise disseminated. Internal fact-checking is such checking done in-house by the publisher to prevent inaccurate content from being published; when the text is analyzed by a third party, the process is called external fact-checking.

Research suggests that fact-checking can indeed correct perceptions among citizens, as well as discourage politicians from spreading false or misleading claims. However, corrections may decay over time or be overwhelmed by cues from elites who promote less accurate claims. Political fact-checking is sometimes criticized as being opinion journalism.