hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Imperial Hotel, Tokyo
The Imperial Hotel (帝国ホテル, teikoku hoteru) is a hotel in Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda ward, Tokyo. It was created in the late 1880s at the request of the Japanese aristocracy to cater to the increasing number of Western visitors to Japan. The hotel site is located just south of the Imperial Palace grounds, next to the previous location of the Palace moat. The modern hotel overlooks the Palace, the 40-acre (16 ha) Hibiya Park, and the Yurakucho and Ginza neighborhoods.

In a reference to the three Edo era branch houses of the Tokugawa clan, the Imperial Hotel, Hotel Okura Tokyo, and Hotel New Otani Tokyo are often referred to as one of the three great hotels (御三家, gosanke) of Tokyo.

Kōshien Hotel
The Kōshien Hotel (甲子園ホテル, Kōshien Hoteru) was a Mayan Revival-style hotel in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan, constructed by Arata Endo, a disciple of Frank Lloyd Wright. It is now used as a hall forming part of Mukogawa Women's University, and is known as the Kōshien Kaikan (甲子園会館).
Norwalk Transit (California)
Norwalk Transit is a municipal transit company providing fixed-route and paratransit bus transit services in Norwalk, California, United States, and also operates in portions of Artesia, Bellflower, Cerritos, La Habra, La Mirada, Santa Fe Springs and Whittier in southeast Los Angeles County and northwestern Orange County. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 1,219,300, or about 5,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Norwalk Transit receives its operating revenue from farebox receipts and state tax revenue distributed by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

Norwalk, California
Norwalk is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 102,773 at the 2020 census.

Founded in the late 19th century, Norwalk was incorporated as a city in 1957. It is located 17 miles (27 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles and is part of the Greater Los Angeles area.

Norwalk is a member of the Gateway Cities Council of Governments. Norwalk's sister cities are Morelia in the Mexican state of Michoacán, and Hermosillo, in the Mexican state of Sonora.
Nisien
Nisien is a figure in Welsh mythology, the son of Penarddun and Euroswydd and twin brother of Efnysien. He appears in the Second Branch of the Mabinogi, which names Brân the Blessed, Branwen, and Manawydan as his half-siblings. Nisien, also Nissyen, was the opposite of his brother Efnisien in personality. He was tranquil and generous, while Efnisien was vindictive and destructive.

Efnysien
Efnisien fab Euroswydd (also spelled Efnissien or Efnysien) is a sadistic anti-hero in Welsh mythology, appearing prominently in the tale of Branwen ferch Llŷr, the second branch of the Mabinogi. Described by Will Parker as "a study in the psychopathic personality" and an "embodiment of the forces of anti-social disruption," he is the catalyst of the tale's ultimate tragedy, and is largely responsible for the destruction of both Ireland and the Island of the Mighty. He is the son of Euroswydd and Penarddun, twin brother to Nisien, and half-brother to Brân the Blessed, Manawydan, and Branwen. The Welsh Triads call Llŷr one of the Three Exalted Prisoners of Britain for his captivity at Euroswydd's hands; this is likely to a lost tradition of the birth of Penarddun's younger sons.
Ekala
Ekala is a town under Lumbini Cultural Municipality in Rupandehi District in Lumbini Province of southern Nepal. This was under a village administration and was merged to the municipality following a government decision implemented on 18 May 2014.

At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4011 people living in 584 individual households.

Lumbini Sanskritik
Lumbini Sanskritik (Nepali: लुम्बिनी सांस्कृतिक) is a municipality situated in Rupandehi District of Lumbini Province in Nepal. Lumbini, the Buddhist pilgrimage site where Buddha was born lies in the center of this municipality.

This Lumbini Cultural Municipality was formed merging the existing Lumbini Adarsha Village development committee to six other Village Development Committees i.e. Bhagawanpur, Tenuhawa, Ekala, Khudabazar, Madhuwani, Masina. This municipality came into existence following the government decision since 18 May 2014   Total area of this municipality is 112.21 square kilometres (43.32 mi2) and total population of the municipality as of 2011 Nepal census is 72,497. The municipality is divided into 13 wards. The municipality is located at 18 km of distance from the district headquarters of Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district.
German submarine U-182
German submarine U-182 was a Type IX D 2 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine which served in World War II. Her keel was laid down on 7 April 1941 at DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen as yard number 1022; she was launched on 3 March 1942 and commissioned on 30 June of the same year.

She carried out a single war patrol, sinking five merchant vessels and spending 159 days at sea.

U-182 was probably sunk near Madeira on 16 May 1943 by USS MacKenzie. 61 crew members and three prisoners of war died. The boat had been unsuccessfully attacked by a USAAF B-24 Liberator the previous day.

USS MacKenzie (DD-614)
USS MacKenzie (DD-614) was a Benson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the third ship named for Lieutenant Commander Alexander Slidell MacKenzie.

MacKenzie was laid down 29 May 1941 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding, San Pedro, California; launched 27 June 1942; sponsored by Miss Gail Nielsen, descendant of Lieutenant Commander MacKenzie; and commissioned 21 November 1942.
Georgia State Route 230
State Route 230 (SR 230) is a 59.2-mile-long (95.3 km) west–east state highway in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels in a northern arc through portions of Dooly, Pulaski, and Dodge counties.

U.S. Route 341
U.S. Route 341 (US 341) is a 224-mile-long (360 km) U.S. highway entirely in the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels northwest-southeast across southern Georgia (but is signed as north–south) from Brunswick at US 17/SR 25 to Barnesville at US 41/SR 7/SR 18. It is a spur route of US 41 and has two intersections with it: in Perry and at its northern terminus in Barnesville.
Rodolfo Bonetto
Rodolfo Bonetto (Milan, 18 September 1929 – Milan, 28 March 1991) was an Italian musician and designer. He was one of the leading proponents of Italian industrial design in the post war period. His designs won eight Compasso d'Oro Awards and made an important contribution to the international recognition of "Made in Italy" products.

Before becoming such a prominent designer, Bonetto was also a Jazz drummer who was considered by the music critic Arrigo Polillo to be one of the best Italian drummers, along with Leonello Bionda and Gil Cuppini.

Fiat 131
The Fiat 131 is a mid-size family car manufactured and marketed by Fiat from 1974 to 1984 after its debut at the 1974 Turin Motor Show. Available as a two-door and four-door saloon and 5-door estate across a single generation, the 131 succeeded the Fiat 124.

The 131 was also marketed as the Fiat Mirafiori, after the Turin district where the cars were manufactured. Initially, the 131 was offered with 1.3 L and 1.6 L overhead valve engines and the range received revisions in 1978 and 1981. Production reached 1,513,800.
Governorates of Kuwait
Kuwait is divided into 6 governorates (muhafazah). The governorates are further subdivided into areas. Each governorate is headed by a Governor appointed by a ministerial decree for a period of 4 years which can be renewed upon the proposal of the Prime Minister.

Muhafazah
A muḥāfaẓah is a first-level administrative division of many Arab countries, and a second-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia. The term is usually translated as "governorate", and occasionally as "province".

It comes from the Arabic root ح-ا-ف-ظ, ḥ-ā-f-ẓ, (verb: حافظ, ḥāfaẓa), which means to "keep" and "guard".

The head of a muḥāfaẓah is a governor (Arabic: مُحَافِظ, muḥāfiẓ) .

The governorates of Tunisia are wilāyah in Arabic.
Stonethwaite
Stonethwaite is a small village in the Lake District in the English county of Cumbria, historically part of Cumberland, it is situated in the valley of the Stonethwaite Beck, a side valley of Borrowdale, and within the Lake District National Park. It is on the Cumbria Way long-distance footpath.

Stonethwaite Beck
Stonethwaite Beck is a minor river in Cumbria, England. It is a tributary of the River Derwent.

Stonethwaite Beck is formed at the confluence of Langstrath Beck and Greenup Gill beneath Eagle Crag, at Smithymire Island. It continues north west and north through Galleny Force, past the villages of Stonethwaite and Rosthwaite, flowing into the Derwent in Borrowdale.

54°31′42″N 3°09′20″W﻿ / ﻿54.5282°N 3.1555°W﻿ / 54.5282; -3.1555
National Film and Sound Archive
The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA), based in Canberra and known as ScreenSound Australia from 1999 to 2004, is Australia's audiovisual archive, responsible for developing, preserving, maintaining, promoting, and providing access to a national collection of film, television, sound, radio, video games, new media, and related documents and artefacts. The collection ranges from works created in the late nineteenth century when the recorded sound and film industries were in their infancy, to those made in the present day.

The NFSA collection first started as the National Historical Film and Speaking Record Library (within the then Commonwealth National Library) in 1935, becoming an independent cultural organisation in 1984. On 3 October, Prime Minister Bob Hawke officially opened the NFSA's headquarters in Canberra.

Newsreel
A newsreel is a form of short documentary film, containing news stories and items of topical interest, that was prevalent between the 1910s and the mid 1970s. Typically presented in a cinema, newsreels were a source of current affairs, information, and entertainment for millions of moviegoers. Newsreels were typically exhibited preceding a feature film, but there were also dedicated newsreel theaters in many major cities in the 1930s and ’40s, and some large city cinemas also included a smaller theaterette where newsreels were screened continuously throughout the day.

By the end of the 1960s television news broadcasts had supplanted the format. Newsreels are considered significant historical documents, since they are often the only audiovisual record of certain cultural events.
Bury Grammar School
Bury Grammar School is a 3–18 private day school for boys in Bury, Greater Manchester, England, that has existed since c.1570. It is now part of a group of schools for preschool, junior, senior and sixth form studies.

Since 2017, when Bury Grammar School (Boys) and Bury Grammar School (Girls) amalgamated, Jo Anderson has been the first principal of the School and is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
Bazooka (chewing gum)
Bazooka is an American brand of bubble gum that was introduced in 1947. It is a product of "Bazooka Candy Brands" (BCB), which was a division of The Topps Co. until the latter’s acquisition by Fanatics, Inc. in 2022.

In October 2023, it was announced that Apax Partners had completed the acquisition of BCB and its product portfolio.

Apax Partners
Apax Partners LLP is a British private equity firm, headquartered in London, England. The company also operates out of six other offices in New York, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Tel Aviv, Munich and Shanghai. As of March 2024, the firm had raised and advised funds of approximately US$77 billion. Apax Partners is one of the oldest and largest private equity firms operating on an international basis.

Apax invests across three sectors: technology, internet/consumer and services. It looks for investments in a target Enterprise Value of $100–5,000 million.

Apax raises capital for its investment funds through institutional investors including corporate and public pension funds, university and college endowments, foundations and fund of funds.
New Kensington Downtown Historic District
The New Kensington Downtown Historic District, also known as the New Kensington Commercial and Residential Historic District, is a national historic district that is located in New Kensington, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

New Kensington, Pennsylvania
New Kensington (known locally as New Ken) is a city in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 12,170 at the 2020 census. It is situated along the Allegheny River 18 miles (29 km) northeast of Pittsburgh and is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
Advertising elasticity of demand
Advertising elasticity of demand (or simply advertising elasticity, often shortened to AED) is an elasticity measuring the effect of an increase or decrease in advertising on a market.  Traditionally, it is considered as being positively related, demand for the good that is subject of the advertising campaign can be inversely related to the amount spent if the advertising is negative.

Elasticity (economics)
In economics, elasticity measures the responsiveness of one economic variable to a change in another. For example, if the price elasticity of the demand of a good is −2, then a 10% increase in price will cause the quantity demanded to fall by 20%. Elasticity in economics provides an understanding of changes in the behavior of the buyers and sellers with price changes. There are two types of elasticity for demand and supply, one is inelastic demand and supply and the other one is elastic demand and supply.
Cooper Mountain Nature Park
Cooper Mountain Nature Park is a 231 acres (93 ha) nature park in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon. Opened in 2009, the park is owned and operated by Metro, the regional government in the Oregon portion of the metro area. The park is named after Cooper Mountain, the primary geological feature in the area near Beaverton. Maintained by the regional Tualatin Hills Park and Recreation District, the natural area has 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of hiking trails. It is one of THPRD's two nature parks, along with the Tualatin Hills Nature Park.

Tualatin Hills Park & Recreation District
Tualatin Hills Park & Recreation District (THPRD) is a special parks district located in the eastern part of Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon. Created in 1955, the district covers all of the city of Beaverton and many of those communities surrounding Beaverton in the Portland metropolitan area. The district covers an area of 50 square miles (130 km2) and serves a population of about 220,000, making it the largest parks district in Oregon. Tualatin Hills operates over 200 facilities totaling 2,100 acres (850 ha), including eight swimming centers. The district has an annual budget of $40 million and is overseen by a five-person board of directors.
2018–19 NBL season
The 2018–19 NBL season was the 41st season of the National Basketball League since its establishment in 1979. A total of eight teams have contested the league. The regular season had been played between October 2018 and February 2019, followed by a post-season featuring the top four in March 2019.

Australian broadcast rights to the season are held by Fox Sports, in the fourth year of a five-year deal, with two game per week simulcast on the Nine Network. In New Zealand, Sky Sport are the official league broadcaster.

As Australia and New Zealand are participating in 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification, the league will take a break during the FIBA international windows of 26 November to 4 December 2018 and 18–26 February 2019.

The Perth Wildcats won their ninth NBL championship after defeating Melbourne United in the Grand Final.

Melbourne United
Melbourne United is an Australian professional basketball team based in Melbourne, Victoria. United compete in the National Basketball League (NBL) and play their home games at John Cain Arena.

The team made their debut in the NBL in 1984 as the Melbourne Tigers. The Tigers were led by coach Lindsay Gaze and his son Andrew from 1984 until 2005, with the pair guiding the Tigers to two championships in the 1990s. The pair were supported by fellow club legends such as Dave Simmons, Lanard Copeland and Mark Bradtke. Four consecutive NBL Grand Finals followed between 2006 and 2009, with championships coming in 2006 and 2008 behind the likes of Chris Anstey and Darryl McDonald. After 31 seasons known as the Melbourne Tigers, the franchise underwent a controversial rebrand in 2014, changing the name of the team to Melbourne United. United won NBL championships in 2018 and 2021. The franchise's six championships is second only to the Perth Wildcats (ten) for most titles in NBL history.
Cross-field head
A cross-field head, sometimes referred to as X-field, is an additional recording head in a tape recorder that improves the ability to record high-frequency sounds. The concept was first introduced by Tandberg in their TB-6X 1960s, and more widely used by Akai and their US brand, Roberts.

Tape head
A tape head is a type of transducer used in tape recorders to convert electrical signals to magnetic fluctuations and vice versa. They can also be used to read credit/debit/gift cards because the strip of magnetic tape on the back of a credit card stores data the same way that other magnetic tapes do. Cassette tapes, reel-to-reel tapes, 8-track tapes, VHS tapes, and even floppy disks and early hard disk drives all use the same principle of physics to store and read back information. The medium is magnetized in a pattern. It then moves at a constant speed over an electromagnet. Since the moving tape is carrying a changing magnetic field with it, it induces a varying voltage across the head. That voltage can then be amplified and connected to speakers in the case of audio, or measured and sorted into ones and zeroes in the case of digital data.
Stauros
Stauros (σταυρός) is a Greek word for a stake or an implement of capital punishment. The Greek New Testament uses the word stauros for the instrument of Jesus' crucifixion, and it is generally translated as "cross" in religious texts, while also being translated as pillar or tree in Christian contexts.

Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross
Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross, whether by Christians or non-Christians, present the instrument ordinarily used in putting people to death by crucifixion as composed of two wooden pieces. Whether the two pieces of timber of the normal execution cross were permanently conjoined or were merely put together for the purpose of the execution is not stated.

Atypical executions on cross-like structures also took place, "especially when the executioners decide[d] to engage in cruel creativity", as indicated by Seneca the Younger.
Triaeris stenaspis
Triaeris stenaspis is a species of spider in the family Oonopidae, with a pantropical distribution. It is also found in Iran and has been introduced into Europe. A very small spider, with a maximum body length of under 2 mm (0.08 in), it has been shown to prey successfully on springtails. Only females have ever been found, and the species may be parthenogenetic, being able to produce female offspring from unfertilized eggs.

Oonopidae
Oonopidae, also known as goblin spiders, is a family of spiders consisting of almost 2,000 described species in 115 genera worldwide, with total species diversity estimated at 2000 to 2500 species. The type genus of the family is Oonops Keyserling, 1835.
Hypopetalia
Hypopetalia pestilens, the white-dotted redspot, is a monotypic species of dragonfly in the family Austropetaliidae. It is endemic to central Chile. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Austropetaliidae
Austropetaliidae is a small family of dragonflies occurring in Chile, Argentina and Australia.
Members of Austropetaliidae can be medium-sized to large dragonflies.

This group was initially created for some archaic members of the family Neopetaliidae and was promoted to family rank in 1994.
College of Science and Technology (Bhutan)
The College of Science and Technology is an engineering college under Royal University of Bhutan in Rinchending, Phuntsholing, Bhutan, that offers undergraduate as well as graduate education. The college provides bachelor's degrees in Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Information Technology Engineering, Architecture,Water Resources Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Software Engineering as well as a Master of Engineering in Renewable Energy and Construction management. As of 2011, it was the only institution providing undergraduate education in engineering in Bhutan.

Royal University of Bhutan
The Royal University of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་འཛིན་གཙུག་ལག་སློབ་སྡེ་; Wylie: 'brug rgyal-'dzin gtsug-lag-slob-sde), founded on June 2, 2003, by a royal decree, is the national university of Bhutan. It is the first and the oldest university in Bhutan.
Upper Volga railway
The Upper Volga (Verkhne-Volzhskaya) railway (Russian: Верхне-Волжская железная дорога) was a private railway in the upper Volga region of Russia, built in 1914–1918 and in the second half of the 1930s. It was planned as part of a backup route from St. Petersburg to Moscow. Today, the lines are part of the Moscow region of the October Railway.

October Railway
Oktyabrskaya Railway or October Railway (Russian: Октябрьская железная дорога) is the subsidiary of RZD, servicing railway lines in the north-west of Russia. It stretches from Moscow's Leningrad Terminal in the south to Murmansk beyond the Arctic Circle in the north. The total length of the lines is over 10,000 km. The headquarters are located in Saint Petersburg.

The first railway in Russia connecting Saint Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo, 27.9 km long, commissioned in 1837, is a part of the Oktyabrskaya Railway. So is the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway, the second oldest and one of the busiest lines in Russia, opened in 1851. Connecting Line, the first non-passenger line, is also included. The railway also includes the main line towards Tallinn (as far as the Estonian border), providing the track for GO Rail trains to Saint Petersburg.
FM broadcasting
FM broadcasting is a method of radio broadcasting that uses frequency modulation (FM) to modulate the carrier wave. In November 1919, Hans Idzerda began broadcasts, using narrow-band FM, over station PCGG, located at The Hague in the Netherlands. However, most early broadcasting stations instead employed Amplitude Modulation (AM) transmissons.

In 1933, American engineer Edwin Armstrong invented wide-band FM, which is used worldwide to transmit high-fidelity sound over broadcast radio. FM broadcasting offers higher fidelity—more accurate reproduction of the original program sound—than other analog broadcasting techniques, such as AM broadcasting. It is also less susceptible to common forms of interference, having less static and popping sounds than are often heard on AM, but with a more limited broadcast distance. Therefore, FM is used for most broadcasts of music and general audio (in the audio spectrum). FM radio stations use the very high frequency range of radio frequencies.

FM broadcasting in the United States
FM broadcasting in the United States began in the 1930s at engineer and inventor Edwin Howard Armstrong's experimental station, W2XMN.  The use of FM radio has been associated with higher sound quality in music radio.