hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portsmouth Block Mills
The Portsmouth Block Mills form part of the Portsmouth Dockyard at Portsmouth, Hampshire, England, and were built during the Napoleonic Wars to supply the British Royal Navy with pulley blocks. They started the age of mass-production using all-metal machine tools (designed chiefly by Marc Isambard Brunel), and are regarded as one of the seminal buildings  of the British Industrial Revolution. They are also the site of the first stationary steam engines used by the Admiralty.

Since 2003 English Heritage has been undertaking a detailed survey of the buildings and the records relating to the machines.

Marc Isambard Brunel
Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (/bruːˈnɛl/, French: [maʁk izɑ̃baʁ bʁynɛl]; 25 April 1769 – 12 December 1849) was a French-British engineer who is most famous for the work he did in Britain. He constructed the Thames Tunnel, the world's first underwater tunnel, and was the father of Isambard Kingdom Brunel.

Born in France, Brunel fled to the United States during the French Revolution. In 1796, he was appointed Chief Engineer of New York City. He moved to London in 1799, where he married Sophia Kingdom. In addition to the construction of the Thames Tunnel, his work as a mechanical engineer included the design of machinery to automate the production of pulley blocks for the Royal Navy.

Brunel preferred the given name Isambard, but is generally known to history as Marc to avoid confusion with his more famous son. In 1841, Marc was knighted by the young Queen Victoria in anticipation of his successful completion of the Thames Tunnel.
Bouncing Off Clouds
"Bouncing Off Clouds" is a song written and recorded by Tori Amos. It was the first European and second American single from her album American Doll Posse. The song was released in the US to Triple A Radio in early August.

American Doll Posse
American Doll Posse is the ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Tori Amos, released in 2007 by Epic Records. A concept album, American Doll Posse sees Amos assuming the identity of five different female personalities inspired by Greek mythology in order to narrate stories of life in modern America. Themes include opposition to the Iraq War, recording industry misogyny, disillusionment, sexuality, personal loss, and female empowerment in general. Musically, the record is more rock-oriented than other studio works by Amos, notably featuring more guitar and drums than previous albums The Beekeeper (2005) and Scarlet's Walk (2002).

The album peaked at number five on the Billboard 200, marking Amos' sixth top-ten album. The lead single in the US, "Big Wheel", was a hit on Triple-A radio. In Europe, "Bouncing Off Clouds" was released as the lead single.
Typist Artist Pirate King
Typist Artist Pirate King is a 2022 British film written and directed by Carol Morley, about the life and art of artist, Audrey Amiss. It stars Monica Dolan as Amiss, as well as Kelly Macdonald, and Gina McKee. The film had its world premiere at the Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival on 19 November 2022; and a UK premiere at the Glasgow Film Festival on 8 March 2023 at Glasgow Film Theatre.

Carol Morley
Carol Anne Morley (born 14 January 1966) is an English film director, screenwriter and producer. She is best known for her semi-documentary Dreams of a Life, released in 2011, about Joyce Carol Vincent, who died in her North London bedsit in 2003, but was not discovered until 2006.

Her older brother is the music journalist, critic and producer Paul Morley.
Setting Standards
Setting Standards is an album led by trumpeter Woody Shaw which was recorded in 1983 and released on the Muse label. Setting Standards was released as part of Woody Shaw: The Complete Muse Sessions by Mosaic Records in 2013.

Woody Shaw
Woody Herman Shaw Jr.  (December 24, 1944 – May 10, 1989) was an American jazz trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, composer, arranger, band leader, and educator. Shaw is widely known as one of the 20th century's most important and influential jazz trumpeters and composers. He is often credited with revolutionizing the technical and harmonic language of modern jazz trumpet playing, and is regarded by many as one of the major innovators of the instrument. He was an acclaimed virtuoso,  mentor, and spokesperson for jazz and worked and recorded alongside many of the leading musicians of his time.
Larry Wilson (meteorologist)
Larry F. Wilson (born 8 December 1937) is an American meteorologist who specializes in the forecasting of severe convective storms.  For many years Wilson served as a lead forecaster at the National Severe Storms Forecast Center (NSSFC; predecessor to today’s Storm Prediction Center) in Kansas City, Missouri. As a U.S. Air Force (USAF) meteorologist in the mid-1960s, Wilson is one of only two NSSFC forecasters to have ever worked directly with severe weather forecasting pioneer Colonel Robert C. Miller (1920-1998).

Joseph G. Galway
Joseph G. Galway (December 3, 1922 – June 29, 1998), was an American meteorologist pioneering in the fields of severe convective storm forecasting and research. He was one of the first forecasters for the Severe Local Storms Unit and the National Severe Storms Forecast Center, and developed widely used synoptic (as well as mesoscale) predictors associated with severe thunderstorms and tornadoes, such as the jet streak and lifted index.
Peel (California band)
Peel was an American rock band formed by musician Kevin Ridel in 1999 following the breakup of Ridel High. Ridel recruited Steve LeRoy of Ridel High on guitar, Matt Fuller later replaced Steve LeRoy on guitar and finally Joe Higgins (AM Radio) on drums.  Peel recorded and released one album titled Blindside produced by Face to Face singer Trever Keith, track 6 on the album "Facelift" was previously released as a Ridel High song on the 2000 compilation CD Happy Meals 2 Blindside was recorded in tribute Kevin's dad, Gerald “Jerry” Ridel.

Peel were active until 2001, Kevin Ridel then took Joe Higgins with him and went on to form AM Radio in 2001 who remain active until this very day.

Kevin Ridel
Kevin Ridel is an American musician and songwriter most notable for being the lead singer and primary songwriter of '90s power pop band Ridel High (A&M Records) and 2000s alternative rock band AM Radio (Elektra Records).
Arthur Herman Gilkes
Arthur Herman Gilkes MA, (1849 – 13 September 1922) was a noted educationalist, author, and clergyman, and was Master of Dulwich College from 1885 to 1914.

His final years were spent as Vicar of St Mary Magdalen's Church, Oxford.

Dulwich College
Dulwich College is a 2–18 private, day and boarding school for boys in Dulwich, London, England. As a public school, it began as the College of God's Gift, founded in 1619 by Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn, with the original purpose of educating 12 poor scholars. It began to grow into a large school from 1857 and took its current form in 1870, when it moved into its current premises.

The school is included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK. It is a member of both the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and the Eton Group.

Admission by examination is mainly into years 3, 7, 9, and 12 (i.e. ages 7, 11, 13, and 16 years old) to the Junior, Lower, Middle and Upper Schools into which the college is divided. In the 2025 A-levels, the school saw 67.7% of its candidates score A*/A.
Umar I Idrismi
Umar I (ʿUmar bin Idrīs), called Umar Idrismi, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-to-late 14th century, ruling approximately 1376–1387. Umar's reign saw the loss of the imperial heartland of Kanem and its capital, Njimi, to the Bilala. Umar re-centered the empire in the Bornu region, located west of Lake Chad, which remained the new heartland of the empire for the rest of its existence.

Bornu (historical region)
Bornu or Borno is a precolonial historical region in West Africa, located southwest of Lake Chad. In the modern day, most of Bornu is located in northeastern Nigeria (largely in Borno State and Yobe State), with smaller portions also in southern Niger, southern Chad, and northern Cameroon.

Bornu has been inhabited since at least c. 1800 BCE and has yielded archaeological finds belonging to the successive Gajigenna (19th–6th century BCE) and Sao (6th century BCE–14th century) cultures. From the 14th century onwards, Bornu was the heartland of the Kanem–Bornu Empire, which lasted until European colonisation during the Scramble for Africa in the early 20th century.
Sam Stith
Samuel Elwood Stith (born July 22, 1937) is an American former professional basketball player. Stith was selected in the 1960 NBA draft by the Cincinnati Royals after a collegiate career at St. Bonaventure University. He also played in the Eastern Professional Basketball League, where in 1963 he won the league championship.

He is the brother of professional basketball player Tom Stith.

Tom Stith
Thomas Alvin Stith (January 21, 1939 – June 13, 2010), born in Greensville County, Virginia, was an American professional basketball player who played for the NBA's New York Knicks. A 6'5" forward, Stith was an All-American at St. Bonaventure University in 1960 and 1961.
Music for Courage and Confidence
Music for Courage and Confidence is a solo album by the American Music Club singer/songwriter Mark Eitzel.  One of two cover song albums from him in 2002 (along with The Ugly American), it was released by New West Records and is a collection of songs by different songwriters.

The Ugly American (album)
The Ugly American is an album by singer/songwriter Mark Eitzel. The second of Eitzel's two covers albums released in 2002 (along with Music for Courage and Confidence), The Ugly American was put out by Thirsty Ear Recordings. It contains new versions of songs Eitzel wrote with his earlier band American Music Club, as arranged by an ensemble of Greek musicians playing in the Rebetiko style.
A Faithful Man
A Faithful Man (French: L'Homme fidèle) is a 2018 French romantic comedy-drama film directed by Louis Garrel, from a screenplay he co-wrote with Jean-Claude Carrière. It stars Laetitia Casta, Lily-Rose Depp, Joseph Engel and Garrel.

The film had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on 9 September 2018. It was released in France on 26 December 2018 by Ad Vitam Distribution.

Jean-Claude Carrière
Jean-Claude Carrière (French: [ka.ʁjɛʁ]; 17 September 1931 – 8 February 2021) was a French novelist, screenwriter and actor. He received an Academy Award for best short film for co-writing Heureux Anniversaire (1963), and was later given an Honorary Oscar in 2014. He was nominated for the Academy Award three other times for his work in The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972), That Obscure Object of Desire (1977), and The Unbearable Lightness of Being (1988). He also won a César Award for Best Original Screenplay in The Return of Martin Guerre (1983).

Carrière was an alumnus of the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud and was president of La Fémis, the French state film school that he helped establish. He was noted as a frequent collaborator with Luis Buñuel on the screenplays of the latter's late French films.
Gendered associations of pink and blue
The colors pink and blue are associated with girls and boys respectively in large parts of the Western world.

Originating as a trend in the mid-19th century and applying primarily to clothing, gendered associations with pink and blue became more widespread from the 1950s onward. Since the 1990s, these gendered associations have also increasingly applied to toys as well, especially in the case of pink toys for girls. Additionally, a pink ribbon is a symbol of breast cancer awareness, and the two colors are often used at gender reveal parties.

Various academic and popular sources have reported either a "pink–blue reversal", wherein the gendered associations of both colors were "flipped" sometime during the 20th century, or at least an inconsistency in the gendered application of colors prior to the mid-twentieth century, with several publications from the late 1800s to the early 1900s asserting pink being preferred for boys and blue for girls.

Gender reveal party
A gender reveal party is a party held during pregnancy to reveal the baby's sex to the expectant parents' family and friends, and sometimes to the parents themselves. Prenatal sex discernment technology furnishes the necessary information. The practice originated in the United States during the late 2000s.

It is distinct from, but sometimes combined with, a baby shower, where the primary activity is giving expecting parents gifts for their future child. The gender reveal party often involves gender stereotypes such as pink and blue denoting girls and boys, respectively.

The practice has been criticized for the use of elaborate and dangerous special effects, which have directly contributed to multiple deaths, injuries and large-scale forest fires, namely the 2017 Sawmill Fire and the 2020 El Dorado Fire. The practice has also been criticized for reinforcing gender stereotypes and the gender binary.
Hannele Pokka
Pirkko Hannele Pokka (born 25 May 1952) is a former governor of the province of Lapland. She was the fifth Governor of Lapland and the first woman to hold the office.

She was married to a municipal administrator Esko Johannes Tavia (1993–2008), and is the mother of a daughter. She has written several romance novels.

She served as Minister of Justice during the Esko Aho's cabinet from April 1991 to April 1994.

Provincial Governors of Finland
The governor (Finnish: Maaherra, or Swedish: Landshövding) of a province of Finland headed the activities of the State Provincial Office (Finnish: Lääninhallitus, or Swedish: Länsstyrelse) until the end of 2009, when the provinces were abolished. The governors were appointed by the President. Many former ministers including but not limited to Kaarlo Hillilä, Martti Miettunen, Hannele Pokka and Anneli Taina served as governors, since the post was regarded as prestigious enough for a retiring minister, but still politically neutral. The title of maaherra was also considered a personal title, such that once appointed, the title maaherra remained for life.

During the Swedish period (1634–1809) and the Russian period (1809–1917) the governor was a royal plenipotentiary, representing the sovereign, but with independence, the function was reversed: the governor represented his territory to the central government.
Furzedown Secondary School
Furzedown Secondary School was a mixed comprehensive school in South London. It was established in Welham Road on the boundary between Streatham and Tooting in 1977, following the amalgamation of Battersea Grammar boys' school and Rosa Bassett girls' grammar school.

The school closed when it was amalgamated with Ensham School, a comprehensive school for girls, in 1986 to create the new Graveney School, an enlarged mixed comprehensive school which incorporated the Furzedown Secondary School site.

Graveney School
Graveney School is a secondary school and sixth form with academy status in the Furzedown area of Tooting, southwest London, England. The school has a partially selective admissions policy. At the beginning of 2023, the school was assessed in an Ofsted inspection report as outstanding.
Serpent Society
The Serpent Society is an organization of snake-themed supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The society is a continuation of the original group the Serpent Squad and was later changed into Serpent Solutions. The Serpent Society first appeared in Captain America #310 (October 1985) and was created by writer Mark Gruenwald and artist Paul Neary. Serpent Solutions first appeared in Captain America: Sam Wilson #1 by writer Nick Spencer and artist Daniel Acuña.

The Serpent Society have appeared in various media outside comics, including the animated series The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes and Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers and the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Captain America: Brave New World.

Paul Neary
Paul Neary (18 December 1949 – 10 February 2024) was a British comic book artist, writer and editor.

His first work was for Warren Publishing in the 1970s before working with Dez Skinn at Marvel UK as well as work for 2000 AD. He later became editor-in-chief of Marvel UK in the 1990s but is now best known for inking Bryan Hitch's work on The Ultimates for Marvel Comics.
Kevin Hopkins
Kevin Hopkins (born 29 September 1961) is a retired Welsh International rugby union player. He made seven appearances for his country, as well as representing Cardiff RFC, Swansea RFC and Neath RFC in the top division of Welsh club rugby, and played twice for the Barbarians invitational side. Following his retirement from playing, Hopkins has held numerous coaching positions.

His grandfather, Tom Hopkins, was also a Wales international rugby player.

Tom Hopkins (rugby union)
Thomas Hopkins (20 January 1903 – 26 January 1980) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Hopkins hailed from Ystradgynlais in the Swansea Valley and was originally a colliery worker.

A Swansea forward, Hopkins drew comparisons to ex–player Jehoida Hodges, but had a short international career. He gained his Wales selection during his first season with Swansea and made all four of his appearances in the 1926 Five Nations, after debuting in the tournament opener against England at Cardiff.

Hopkins was the grandfather of 1980s Wales centre Kevin Hopkins.
Chow group
In algebraic geometry, the Chow groups (named after Wei-Liang Chow by Claude Chevalley (1958)) of an algebraic variety over any field are algebro-geometric analogs of the homology of a topological space. The elements of the Chow group are formed out of subvarieties (so-called algebraic cycles) in a similar way to how simplicial or cellular homology groups are formed out of subcomplexes.  When the variety is smooth, the Chow groups can be interpreted as cohomology groups (compare Poincaré duality) and have a multiplication called the intersection product.  The Chow groups carry rich information about an algebraic variety, and they are correspondingly hard to compute in general.

Wei-Liang Chow
Chow Wei-Liang (simplified Chinese: 周炜良; traditional Chinese: 周煒良; pinyin: Zhōu Wěiliáng; Wade–Giles: Chou Weiliang; October 1, 1911, Shanghai – August 10, 1995, Baltimore) was a Chinese-American mathematician and stamp collector. He was well known for his work in algebraic geometry.
Blues at Sunset
Blues at Sunset is a blues album by Albert King, recorded live at Wattstax (August 20, 1972) and at the Montreux Jazz Festival (July 1, 1973), and released in 1993. Material recorded at the 1973 Montreux festival had previously been released in his albums Montreux Festival and Blues At Sunrise.

Blues at Sunrise (Albert King album)
Blues at Sunrise is a blues album by Albert King, recorded live at the Montreux Jazz Festival (July 1, 1973), and released in 1988. Material recorded on the 1973 Montreux festival was also released in his albums Montreux Festival and Blues at Sunset.
Abraham Hoffman
Abraham Hoffman (alternate spelling: Avraham, Hebrew: אברהם הופמן; October 2, 1938 - April 26, 2015) was an Israeli basketball player. He played in the Israeli Premier League. He was the Israeli Premier League's Top Scorer in 1959. Hoffman also represented the Israeli national team.

Israel men's national basketball team
The Israel men's national basketball team (Hebrew: נבחרת ישראל בכדורסל) represents Israel in international basketball tournaments. They are administered by the Israeli Basketball Association. Israel is currently ranked 32nd in the FIBA World Ranking.

Israel has qualified for the EuroBasket 31 times throughout their history. They have also made two appearances at the World Cup, and one at the Summer Olympics. Israel also participated at the Asian Games from 1966 to 1974. The most success Israel has had on the international stage to date, is finishing as the runners-up at EuroBasket 1979, as well as winning two gold medals (1966, 1974), and one silver medal (1970) at the Asian Games.
Shofar
A shofar (/ʃoʊˈfɑːr/ shoh-FAR; from שׁוֹפָר‎, pronounced [ʃoˈfar] ⓘ) is an ancient musical horn, typically a ram's horn, used for Jewish ritual purposes. Like the modern bugle, the shofar lacks pitch-altering devices, with all pitch control done by the player's varying their embouchure. The shofar is blown in synagogue services on Rosh Hashanah and at the end of Yom Kippur; it is also blown every weekday morning in the month of Elul running up to Rosh Hashanah. Shofars come in a variety of sizes and shapes, depending on the choice of animal and level of finish.

Yom Kippur
Yom Kippur (/ˌjɒm kɪˈpʊər, ˌjɔːm ˈkɪpər, ˌjoʊm-/ ⓘ YOM kip-OOR, YAWM KIP-ər, YOHM-; Hebrew: יוֹם כִּפּוּר‎ Yōm Kippūr [ˈjom kiˈpuʁ], lit. 'Day of Atonement') is the holiest day of the year in Judaism. It occurs annually on the 10th of Tishrei, corresponding to a date in late September or early October.

For traditional Jewish people, it is primarily centered on atonement and repentance. The day's main observances consist of full fasting and asceticism, both accompanied by extended prayer services (usually at synagogue) and sin confessions. Some minor Jewish denominations, such as Reconstructionist Judaism, focus less on sins and more on one's goals and accomplishments and setting yearly intentions.

Alongside the related holiday of Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur is one of the two components of the High Holy Days of Judaism. It is also the last of the Ten Days of Repentance.
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (V)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Na–Ni)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
Tonight It's You
"Tonight It's You" is a song by American rock band Cheap Trick, which was released in 1985 as the lead single from their eighth studio album Standing on the Edge. It was written by Rick Nielsen, Robin Zander, Jon Brant and Mark Radice, and produced by Jack Douglas. "Tonight It's You" reached No. 44 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 8 on the Billboard Top Rock Tracks Chart.

"Tonight It's You" was released by Epic Records in the US, Canada, Europe, Australia and Japan. For its release as a single, a remixed and edited version of the LP version of "Tonight It's You" was created.

Jon Brant
Jonathan Edward "Jon" Brant (born February 20, 1955, in Chicago) is an American musician and business owner, best known as the bass player for the band Cheap Trick from 1982 to 1987. Brant was a founding member of the Chicago band D'Thumbs with Tommy Aldridge and Pete Comita and has also played with Chris Spedding, Robert Gordon, Lou Reed, Diana Ross, Lesley Gore, Jason & the Scorchers, Micki Free, and others. Brant has appeared on over 30 albums as composer and bassist.
WTVF
WTVF (channel 5) is a television station in Nashville, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with CBS. It is owned by the E. W. Scripps Company alongside Ion Television owned-and-operated station WNPX-TV (channel 28). WTVF's studios are located on James Robertson Parkway in downtown Nashville, and its transmitter is located north of downtown along I-24 near Whites Creek.

WSMV-TV
WSMV-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Nashville, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Gray Media alongside low-power Telemundo affiliate WTNX-LD (channel 29). The two stations share studios on Knob Road in west Nashville, where WSMV-TV's transmitter is also located.