hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kolahun District
Kolahun District is an administrative district of Lofa County in Liberia. In 2008, it had an estimated population of 60,557. Kolahun was the scene of heavy fighting between government troops and rebels during Liberia's second civil war, causing massive shifts in population and destruction of property.

In 2015, Kolahun District was split into three separate districts, with Lukambeh District and Wanhasa District splitting off from Kolahun.

Lofa County
Lofa is a county in the northernmost portion of Liberia. One of 15 counties that constitute the first-level of administrative division in the nation, it has nine districts. Voinjama serves as the capital with the area of the county measuring 3,854 square miles (9,980 km2). As of the 2022 Census, it had a population of 367,376, making it Liberia's fourth most populous county.

Lofa's County Superintendent is William Tamba Kamba. The county is bordered by Bong County to the south and Gbarpolu County to the west. The northwestern parts of Lofa border the nation of Sierra Leone, and the northeastern parts border Guinea. Mount Wuteve, the highest mountain in Liberia, lies in the north-central part of the county.
Marian Dawkins
Marian Stamp Dawkins (born Marian Ellina Stamp; 13 February 1945) is a British biologist and professor of ethology at the University of Oxford. Her research interests include  vision in birds, animal signalling, behavioural synchrony, animal consciousness and animal welfare.

Nikolaas Tinbergen
Nikolaas "Niko" Tinbergen FRS (/ˈtɪnbɜːrɡən/ TIN-bur-gən, Dutch: [ˈnikoː(laːs) ˈtɪmbɛrɣə(n)]; 15 April 1907 – 21 December 1988) was a Dutch biologist and ornithologist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Karl von Frisch and Konrad Lorenz for their discoveries concerning the organization and elicitation of individual and social behavior patterns in animals. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern ethology, the study of animal behavior.

In 1951, he published The Study of Instinct, an influential book on animal behaviour.
In the 1960s, he collaborated with filmmaker Hugh Falkus on a series of wildlife films, including The Riddle of the Rook (1972) and Signals for Survival (1969), which won the Italia prize in that year and the American blue ribbon in 1971.
Kedida Gamela
Kedida Gamela is a woreda in the Central Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. Part of the Kembata Zone. Kedida Gamela is bordered on the east and south by an Misraq Badawacho woreda of the Hadiya Zone, on the west by Kacha Bira, on the northwest by Angacha, on the north by Damboya, and on the northeast by the Bilate River which separates it from Halaba Zone. The northern part of Kedida Gamela was separated to create Damboya woreda. The administrative center of the district is Durame.

Damboya
Damboya is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Kembata Tembaro Zone, Damboya is bordered on the south by Kedida Gamela, on the west by Angacha, on the north by the Hadiya Zone, and on the east by the Bilate River which separates it from Alaba. Towns in Damboya include Damboya. The town of Durame is surrounded by Damboya woreda. Damboya was separated from Kedida Gamela woreda.
RAF St Davids
Royal Air Force St Davids, or more simply RAF St Davids, is a former Royal Air Force station, near the city of St Davids, Pembrokeshire, Wales, in the community of Solva.

It opened in the late summer of 1943, for RAF Coastal Command. The station was put into a care and maintenance status in November 1945. However, the Royal Navy took over control from 1950 until 1961. The airfield was then used as a Relief Landing Ground, for No. 1 Tactical Weapons Unit's advanced jet trainers, while they operated from RAF Brawdy, between 1974 and 1992.

St Davids
St Davids or St David's (Welsh: Tyddewi, [tiː ˈðɛwi], lit. "David's house”) is a cathedral city in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It lies on the River Alun and is part of the community of St Davids and the Cathedral Close. It is the resting place of Saint David, Wales's patron saint, and named after him.

St Davids is the United Kingdom's smallest city by population (number of residents within the wider community was 1,751 in 2021) and urban area, but it is not the smallest city by local authority boundary area (which is the City of London). St Davids was given city status in the 12th century. This does not derive automatically, but in England and Wales was traditionally given to cathedral towns under practices laid down in the early 1540s, when Henry VIII founded dioceses. City status was lost in 1886, but restored in 1994 at the request of Queen Elizabeth II.
Fannrem concentration camp
Fannrem concentration camp (Norwegian: Fannrem fangeleir) was a concentration camp that was located at Fannrem in the old Orkdal Municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway (now part of Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county). It was established as an annex to the Grini concentration camp by the Nazi authorities in Norway in October 1944 and lasted until the end of the war.

The camp consisted of military barracks that held between 6 and 20 prisoners who were kept very isolated. Up to 200 prisoners were in the camp at one time. The prisoners were engaged in hard labor while at Fannrem.  Prisoners were put to work as slave labor on the Thamshavn Line railroad.

Grini detention camp
Grini prison camp (Norwegian: Grini fangeleir, German: Polizeihäftlingslager Grini) was a Nazi concentration camp in Bærum, Norway, which operated between 1941 and May 1945. Ila Detention and Security Prison is now located here.
Blackthroat seaperch
The blackthroat seaperch (Doederleinia berycoides), also known as the rosy seabass, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Acropomatidae, the temperate ocean-basses or lanternbellies. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Doederleinia. It is native to the eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from Japan to Australia. In Japan it is known as nodoguro or akamutsu.

Acropomatidae
Acropomatidae is a family of ray-finned fish in the order Acropomatiformes, commonly known as lanternbellies. Acropoma species are notable for having light-emitting organs along their undersides. They are found in all temperate and tropical oceans, usually at depths of several hundred meters. There are about 32 species in as many as 9 genera, although some authorities recognise fewer genera than Fishbase does.

Members of the family are generally small, with some ranging up to 40 cm, but most no more than 15 cm. They have two dorsal fins, the first with seven to 10 spines and the second with possibly a spine in addition to eight to 10 soft rays. The anal fin has two or three spines, and the pelvic fins one spine and five soft rays.
194th Fighter Squadron
The 194th Fighter Squadron (194 FS), nicknamed the Griffins, is a unit of the California Air National Guard's 144th Fighter Wing (144 FW) at Fresno Air National Guard Base, California. The 194th is equipped with the McDonnell Douglas F-15C/D Eagle and like its parent wing, the 144th, is operationally-gained within the active U.S. Air Force by the Air Combat Command (ACC). It is scheduled to convert to the Boeing F-15EX Eagle II in the future.

144th Operations Group
The 144th Operations Group is a unit of the California Air National Guard, stationed at Fresno Air National Guard Base.  It is the operational element of the 144th Fighter Wing.  The group was activated in 1943 as the 372nd Fighter Group, an Operational Training Unit, but after moving to Louisiana, it also provided air support for military exercises and maneuvers.  It was inactivated following the end of World War II on 7 November 1945.

The following May, it was redesignated the 144th Fighter Group and allotted to the National Guard Bureau, although it was not organized until 1948.  It served in the California National Guard as a fighter unit until inactivating in 1976, when Air National Guard groups located on the same stations were eliminated.  The group was redesignated the 144th Operations Group and activated in 1992, when the Air Nationa Guard reorganized its units under the Objective Wing organization of the regular Air Force.
Weert dialect
Weert dialect or Weert Limburgish (natively Wieërts, Standard Dutch: Weerts [ʋeːrts]) is the city dialect and variant of Limburgish spoken in the Dutch city of Weert alongside Standard Dutch. All of its speakers are bilingual with standard Dutch. There are two varieties of the dialect: rural and urban. The latter is called Stadsweerts in Standard Dutch and Stadswieërts in the city dialect. Van der Looij gives the Dutch name buitenijen for the peripheral dialect.

Unless otherwise noted, all examples are in Stadsweerts.

Weert
Weert (Dutch: [ʋeːrt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Wieërt [wiəʀt]) is a municipality and city in the southeastern Netherlands located in the western part of the province of Limburg. It lies on the Eindhoven–Maastricht railway line, the A2 motorway and it is also astride the Zuid-Willemsvaart canal.
Antoine de Lévis-Mirepoix
Antoine Pierre Marie François Joseph de Lévis-Mirepoix, 5th Duke of San Fernando Luis, GE (1 August 1884 in Léran, Ariège – 16 July 1981, in  Lavelanet) was a French historian, novelist and essayist. He was known as duke of Lévis-Mirepoix (having inherited the dukedom on his father's death on 10 May 1915), also having the titles of fifth Duke of San Fernando Luis, grandee of Spain and 4th baron of de Lévis-Mirepoix. The writer Claude Silve, winner of the Prix Femina in 1935  for her novel Bénédiction was his sister.

Duke of San Fernando Luis
Duke of San Fernando Luis (Spanish: Duque de San Fernando Luis) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1816 by Ferdinand VII to Anne-Adrien-Pierre de Montmorency-Laval, for his efforts as Ambassador in Spain during the Bourbon Restoration.
Eumastacidae
Eumastacidae are a family of grasshoppers sometimes known as monkey- or matchstick grasshoppers. They usually have thin legs that are held at right angles to the body, sometimes close to the horizontal plane. Many species are wingless. Their heads are held at an angle with the top of the head often jutting above the line of the thorax and abdomen. They have three segmented tarsi and have a short antenna with a knobby organ at the tip. They do not have a prosternal spine or tympanum. Most species inhabit the tropics, with a greater diversity in the neotropics. They are considered primitive within the Orthoptera and feed on algae, ferns, and gymnosperms, the more ancient plant groups.

The families Chorotypidae and Morabidae were formerly included in this group as subfamilies but are now considered as separate families within the Eumastacoidea. With the exception of the central Asian Gomphomastacinae, all other subfamilies are restricted to South America.

Chorotypidae
Chorotypidae is a family of tropical Asian grasshoppers (order Orthoptera), formerly included within the family Eumastacidae. These grasshoppers have a head that rises above the level of the thorax and short antennae. Some species have reduced wings, others have wings that widen towards the tips and still others have a flattened leaf-like shape. They lack abdominal tympani (hearing organs).
Brockwell Lido
Brockwell Lido is a large lido in Brockwell Park, Herne Hill, London. It opened in July 1937, closed in 1990 and after a local campaign was re-opened in 1994. Two ex council employees Paddy and Casey took on the running of the Lido for the community. Lambeth council gave Paddy & Casey a peppercorn lease rate from 1994–2001. Lambeth gave them a one-year extension in 2002 whilst a public consultation was held to decide on the longer term sustainable future of the Lido.

Herne Hill
Herne Hill (/hɜːrn/) is a district in South London, approximately four miles from Charing Cross and bordered by Brixton, Camberwell, Dulwich, and Tulse Hill. It sits to the north and east of Brockwell Park and straddles the boundary between the boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark. There is a road of the same name in the area (which is part of the A215), as well as a railway station.
Šerkšnys
The Šerkšnys, or Šerkšnė, is a river of Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. The 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) long river has a basin area of 35 km2 (14 sq mi). The Šerkšnys flows into the Nevėžis, a tributary of the Neman.

The Šerkšnys begins near Nociūnai village and flows westwards in the Kėdainiai Industrial Zone surroundings. The Šerkšnys meets the Nevėžis from the left, next to Paobelys village.

The hydronym is derived from Lithuanian adjective šerkšnas ('hoar, hoary, greyish').

Nevėžis
The Nevėžis (/nɪˈvɛʒɪs, nɛ-/; Lithuanian: [nʲɛˈvʲěːʑɪs] ⓘ) is the sixth longest river in Lithuania and one of the main tributaries of the Nemunas. The 209 km (130 mi) long Nevėžis flows entirely within Lithuania. Among the rivers that flow exclusively within Lithuania's borders, the Nevėžis is the second longest, after the Šventoji. Its source is in the Anykščiai District Municipality. The river first flows in a northwesterly direction, but at Panevėžys it turns southwest, and passing Kėdainiai, flows into the Neman just west of Kaunas near Raudondvaris.
East Frisian language
East Frisian is one of the Frisian languages. Its last surviving dialect is Saterland Frisian spoken in Saterland in Germany. The language is not to be confused with the East Frisian dialect of the Low German language, which is often likewise referred to as "East Frisian".

There once were two main dialects, Ems and Weser. Weser, including the Wursten dialect, Harlingerland dialect and Wangerooge dialect, held out until the 20th century. Ems continues with a couple thousand adult speakers of the Saterland dialect. The other member of the Ems dialect, Upgant Frisian, is extinct.

Harlingerland Frisian
Harlingerland Frisian is an extinct dialect of the East Frisian language. It was known for giving several features originally in Old Frisian. The language was only documented in the year 1691 with the book Memoriale linguae Frisicae, by Johann Cadovius-Müller. This dialect then slowly vanished and was displaced by the Harlings dialect of Low German. It belonged to the Weser dialects alongside the Wursten and Wangerooge Frisian dialects.
Cooper Avenue Row Historic District
Cooper Avenue Row Historic District is a national historic district in Glendale, Queens, New York.  It includes seven contributing buildings built in 1915.  They consist of two story, flat front brick rowhouse dwellings with one apartment per floor.  They are constructed of yellow brick with burnt orange brick details.  They feature some of Glendale's most striking and elaborate brickwork.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Glendale, Queens
Glendale is a neighborhood in the west-central portion of the New York City borough of Queens. It is bounded by Forest Hills to the east, Ridgewood to the west, Woodhaven to the south, and Middle Village to the north.

Glendale was built on a swampy area previously called Fresh Pond. The neighborhood was later developed into an industrial area, though it is now a more residential neighborhood. Glendale's land area is long on its east-west axis and narrow on its north-south axis. The area is surrounded mainly by cemeteries, although the neighborhood also contains several large parks, including part of Forest Park.

Glendale is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11385. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Glendale is represented by the New York City Council's 30th District.
Phigalus
In Greek mythology, Phigalus (Ancient Greek: Φίγαλος) was an Arcadian prince as one of the 50 sons of the impious King Lycaon either by the naiad Cyllene, Nonacris or by unknown woman. Otherwise, he was called an autochthon.

Autochthon (ancient Greece)
In ancient Greece, the concept of autochthones (from Ancient Greek αὐτός autos "self," and χθών chthon "soil"; i.e. "people sprung from earth itself") means the indigenous inhabitants of a country, including mythological figures, as opposed to settlers, and those of their descendants who kept themselves free from an admixture of colonizing entities.

In mythology, autochthones are those mortals who have sprung from the soil, rocks and trees. They are rooted and belong to the land eternally.
Miguel León-Portilla
Miguel León-Portilla (22 February 1926 – 1 October 2019) was a Mexican anthropologist and historian, specializing in Aztec culture and literature of the pre-Columbian and colonial eras. Many of his works were  translated to English and he was a well-recognized scholar internationally. In 2013, the Library of Congress of the United States bestowed on him the Living Legend Award.

El Colegio Nacional (Mexico)
The National College (Spanish: Colegio Nacional) is a Mexican honorary academy with a strictly limited membership created by presidential decree in 1943 in order to bring together the country's foremost artists and scientists, who are periodically invited to deliver lectures and seminars in their respective area of speciality. Membership is generally a lifelong commitment, although it could be forfeited under certain conditions. It should not be confused with El Colegio de México, a public institution of higher education and research.
Alter Hof
The Alter Hof (Old Court) in the center of Munich is the former imperial residence of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and consists of five wings: Burgstock, Zwingerstock, Lorenzistock, Pfisterstock and Brunnenstock. Like most of the old town, it was rebuilt after being destroyed in World War II.

House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach (German: Haus Wittelsbach) is a former Bavarian dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including the Electorate of Bavaria, the Electoral Palatinate, the Electorate of Cologne, Holland, Zeeland, Sweden (with Swedish-ruled Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Bohemia, and Greece. Their ancestral lands of Bavaria and the Palatinate were prince-electorates, and the family had three of its members elected emperors and kings of the Holy Roman Empire. They ruled over the Kingdom of Bavaria which was created in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918.

The House of Windsor, the reigning royal house of the British monarchy, are descendants of Sophia of Hanover (1630–1714), a Wittelsbach Princess of the Palatinate by birth and Electress of Hanover by marriage, who had inherited the succession rights of the House of Stuart and passed them on to the House of Hanover.
Kewanee Boilermakers
The Kewanee Boilermakers were a minor league baseball team based in Kewanee, Illinois. From 1908 to 1913, the Boilermakers played exclusively as members of the Central Association, hosting home games at Terminal Park. The 1948 Kewanee A's succeeded the Boilermakers in minor league play.

The Boilermakers moniker was adopted and still in use by Kewanee High School.

Kewanee, Illinois
Kewanee (/kiːˈwɑːniː/ ⓘ) is a city in Henry County, Illinois. "Kewanee" is the Winnebago word for greater prairie-chicken, which lived there. The population was 12,509 in the 2020 census, down from 12,916 in 2010.
Stone, Carpenter & Willson
Stone, Carpenter & Willson was a Providence, Rhode Island–based architectural firm in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries.  It was named for the partners Alfred Stone (1834–1908), Charles E. Carpenter (1845–1923). and Edmund R. Willson (1856–1906). The firm was one of the state's most prominent.

It was established about 1885 when Willson became a full partner in the Providence architectural firm of Stone & Carpenter.

Petersham, Massachusetts
Petersham /ˈpiːtərsæm/ is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.  The population was 1,194 at the 2020 census. Petersham is home to a considerable amount of conservation land, including the Quabbin Reservation, Harvard Forest, the Swift River Reservation, and Federated Women's Club State Forest.
854 Naval Air Squadron
854 Naval Air Squadron (854 NAS), sometimes expressed as 854 Squadron, is an inactive Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). It most recently operated Westland Sea King ASaC.7 airborne surveillance and control helicopter between December 2006 and December 2014.

It first formed in January 1944 at Squantum Naval Air Station in the United States, flying Grumman Avenger. It was disbanded in December 1945, and reformed December 2006 as a helicopter squadron designed for Airborne Surveillance and Control.

Operation Meridian
Operation Meridian, also known as the "Palembang Raids" was part of a series of British air attacks directed at Japanese-held oil refineries near Palembang on Sumatra during the Second World War, Meridian had two phases: Meridian I on 24 January 1945 and Meridian II on 29 January. As a result, the critical aviation fuel output of the plants at Palembang was reduced by seventy-five percent.
Juan Manso de Contreras
Juan Manso de Contreras  (c.1628 – 1671) was the Spanish governor of New Mexico between 1656 and 1659. In 1662 on orders from the Inquisition, he arrested his successor as governor, Bernardo López de Mendizabal, and escorted him to Mexico City for trial. He was also a businessman who organized and led wagon trains carrying supplies from Mexico City and Parral, Chihuahua to New Mexico.

Bernardo López de Mendizábal
Bernardo López de Mendizábal (1620 – September 16, 1664) was a Spanish politician, soldier, and religious scholar, who served as governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, (present-day New Mexico}, between 1659–1660 and as alcalde mayor in Guayacocotla (on the Sierra Madre Oriental, in modern Mexico). Among López's acts as governor of New Mexico, he prohibited the Franciscan priests from forcing the Native Americans to work if they were not paid a salary and recognized their right to practice their religion. These acts caused disagreements with the Franciscan missionaries of New Mexico in their dealings with the Native Americans. He was indicted by the Inquisition on thirty-three counts of malfeasance and the practice of Judaism in 1660.  He was replaced in the same year and his administration ended. He was arrested in 1663 and died as a prisoner in 1664.
Karolína Plíšková
Karolína Plíšková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkaroliːna ˈpliːʃkovaː]; born 21 March 1992) is a Czech professional tennis player. She has been ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the WTA, and at world No. 11 in doubles. She is a two-time Grand Slam finalist at the 2016 US Open and at 2021 Wimbledon. Plíšková has won 17 singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour,

As a junior, Plíšková won the 2010 Australian Open girls' singles title. Playing for the Czech Republic in Billie Jean King Cup competition, she has scored a win-loss record of 15–8 (as of September 2024). She is known for her powerful serve and forehand.

Ekaterina Alexandrova
Ekaterina Evgenyevna Alexandrova (Russian: Екатери́на Евге́ньевна Александро́ва, IPA: [jɪkətʲɪˈrʲinə ɐlʲɪksɐnˈdrovə]; born 15 November 1994) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 10, achieved on 13 October 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 41, reached on 8 September 2025.

Alexandrova has won seven WTA Tour titles combined, five in singles and two in doubles. She also earned three WTA Challenger titles in singles, as well as seven singles titles on the ITF Women's Tour.
Catherine Bagration
Princess Catherine Bagration (Russian: Екатерина Павловна Багратион; née Skavronskaya (Скавронская); 7 December 1783 – 2 June [O.S. 21 May] 1857) was a Russian princess, married to the general prince Peter Bagration. She was known for her beauty, love affairs and unconventional behavior.

Catherine I of Russia
Catherine I (born Marta Helena Skowrońska; Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Михайлова; 15 April 1684 - 17 May 1727) was Empress of Russia from 1725 to 1727. She was previously empress consort of Russia from 1721 to 1725 as the second wife of Peter the Great, and tsaritsa consort from 1712 to 1721.