hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
RAF Staff College, Bracknell
The RAF Staff College at Bracknell was a Royal Air Force staff college active for most of the second half of the 20th century. Its role was the training of staff officers in the administrative, staff and policy aspects of air force matters. Its motto was Visu et Nisu which is Latin for by vision and effort. The equivalent in the British Army was the Staff College, Camberley and the equivalent in the Royal Navy was the Royal Naval Staff College, Greenwich.

Royal Naval College, Greenwich
The Royal Naval College, Greenwich, was a Royal Navy training establishment between 1873 and 1998, providing courses for naval officers. It was the home of the Royal Navy's staff college, which provided advanced training for officers. The equivalent in the British Army was the Staff College, Camberley, and the equivalent in the Royal Air Force was the RAF Staff College, Bracknell.
Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Oblast
Dmitrovsky District (Russian: Дми́тровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with Tver Oblast in the northwest, Klinsky District in the west, Solnechnogorsky District in the southwest, Taldomsky District in the north, Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in the east, Pushkinsky District in the southeast, and with Mytishchinsky District in the south. The area of the district is 2,182.02 square kilometers (842.48 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Dmitrov. Population: 151,448 (2010 Census); 149,793 (2002 Census); 92,080 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Dmitrov accounts for 40.5% of the district's total population.

Taldomsky District
Taldomsky District (Russian: Талдомский район) was an administrative and municipal district (raion) in Moscow Oblast, Russia.
At 2019, it was located in the north of the oblast and bordered with Tver Oblast in the north, Vladimir Oblast in the northeast, and with Dmitrovsky and Sergiyevo-Posadsky Districts in the south and west. The area of the district is 1,340.52 square kilometers (517.58 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Taldom. Population: 48,553 (2010 Census);  46,302 (2002 Census); 52,619 (1989 Soviet census). As of 2010, the population of Taldom accounted for 28.5% of the district's total population.
Virginian Railway
The Virginian Railway (reporting mark VGN) was a Class I railroad located in Virginia and West Virginia in the United States. The VGN was created to transport high quality "smokeless" bituminous coal from southern West Virginia to port at Hampton Roads.

Mullens, West Virginia
Mullens is a city in Wyoming County, West Virginia. The population was 1,475 at the time of the 2020 census.

Located in a valley along the Guyandotte River within a mountainous region of southern West Virginia, the town was nearly destroyed by flash flooding in July 2001. While the town has attempted to redevelop with the aid of state and federal recovery money, many local businesses and residents have left the area permanently.

Each spring, Mullens hosts the Dogwood Festival, a community celebration held at the end of April. The festival includes a parade through downtown, food and craft vendors, car shows, live music, and other family-oriented activities.
Balsfjord Church
Balsfjord Church (Norwegian: Balsfjord kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Balsfjord Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located at Balsfjord, just north of the village of Tennes. It is one of the churches for the Balsfjord parish which is part of the Senja prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1856 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Heinrich Grosch. The church seats about 400 people.

Balsfjord Municipality
Balsfjord (Northern Sami: Báhccavuotna - pronounced [ˈpaːhːt͡saˌvuo̯tna]; Kven: Paatsivuono) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Storsteinnes. Other notable villages include Mestervik, Mortenhals, and Nordkjosbotn.

The 1,497-square-kilometre (578 sq mi) municipality is the 58th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Balsfjord is the 173rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,571. The municipality's population density is 3.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (9.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.

The municipality surrounds two fjords: Malangen and Balsfjorden, surrounded by comparatively rich farmlands under majestic peaks including the southern end of the Lyngen Alps.
York Mills
York Mills is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is centred around Yonge Street and York Mills Road located in the district of North York. In 2010, it encompassed the fourth and seventh most affluent postal codes in Canada. It is recognized as a millionaires' mile, alongside the other Toronto neighbourhoods of The Bridlepath, Forest Hill, and Rosedale.

Part of the area is also known as Hoggs Hollow, named for James Hogg, a Scottish settler who settled in the area in 1824 and operated the mill on Yonge Street at the Don River north of the Town of York (now Toronto), by his sons John and William in 1856. Another portion is named St. Andrew-Windfields. St. Andrew-Windfields most famous resident was the popular Canadian Philanthropist E. P. Taylor who left Canada towards the latter years of his life and donated Parkland (now Windfields Park) and his mansion (now the Canadian Film Centre).

Line 1 Yonge–University
Line 1 Yonge–University is a rapid transit line of the Toronto subway. It serves Toronto and the neighbouring city of Vaughan in Ontario, Canada. Operated by the Toronto Transit Commission, it has 38 stations and is 38.4 kilometres (23.9 miles) in length, making it the longest line on the subway system. It opened as the "Yonge subway" in 1954 as Canada's first underground passenger rail line and was extended multiple times between 1963 and 2017. As of 2010, Line 1 was the busiest rapid transit line in Canada, and one of the busiest lines in North America. In the 12 months ending August 2024, it averaged over 625,000 riders per weekday.
Biro, Benin
Biro is a town and arrondissement in the Borgou Department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Nikki. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 18,003.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Queen's Royal Hussars
The Queen's Royal Hussars (The Queen's Own and Royal Irish) (QRH) is the most senior armoured regiment in the British Army, equipped with Challenger 2 main battle tanks. The regiment was formed on 1 September 1993 from the amalgamation of the Queen's Own Hussars and the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars. The regiment and its antecedents have been awarded 172 Battle Honours and eight Victoria Crosses. The regiment was based in Sennelager, Germany, until 2019 when it was relocated to Tidworth Camp, England. The Queen's Royal Hussars serves as the armoured regiment for the 20th Armoured Brigade Combat Team.

Cavalry regiments of the British Army
There are 13 cavalry regiments of the British Army each with its own unique cap badge, regimental traditions, and history. Of the currently nine regular cavalry regiments, two serve as armoured regiments, three as armoured cavalry regiments, three as light cavalry, and one as a mounted ceremonial regiment. There are also four yeomanry regiments of the Army Reserve, of these, three serve as light cavalry and one as an armoured regiment. Each yeomanry light cavalry unit has been paired with a regular unit of the same role, the armoured yeomanry unit is paired with the two regular armoured units (and a further armoured unit which is not cavalry). All except the Household Cavalry are part of the British Army's Royal Armoured Corps.
Al-Nasir Ahmad ibn Isma'il
Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Malik al-Nāṣir Aḥmad ibn Ismāʿīl (died 1424), numbered al-Nāṣir Aḥmad I, was the eighth Rasūlid sultan of Yemen from 1400 until his death. He succeeded his father, al-Ashraf Ismāʿīl I, and was succeeded by his son, al-Manṣūr ʿAbdallāh.

Al-Nāṣir Aḥmad was the last successful Rasūlid, attaining military victories in Yemen and receiving diplomatic gifts from China. The Chinese admiral Zheng He visited Aden during his fifth, sixth and seventh voyages. On the first of these, according to the anonymous Tārikh al-dawla al-Rasūliyya fī l-Yaman, an envoy from the fleet proceeded overland to meet al-Nāṣir in al-Janad in March 1419, bringing with him gifts of porcelain, musk, storax and silk woven with gold.

After al-Nāṣir's death, the dynasty declined rapidly, losing all power in 1454.

Rasulid dynasty
The Rasulid dynasty or Rasulids (Arabic: بنو رسول, romanized: Banū Rasūl) were a Sunni Yemeni dynasty who ruled Yemen from 1229 to 1454. Generally seen as Oghuz Turkic in origin, their chronicles claimed Arab Ghassanid descent.
Enosis Neon Paralimni FC
Enosis Neon Paralimni Football Club (Greek: Ένωση Νέων Παραλιμνίου, Enosi Neon Paralimniou; lit. 'Youth Union of Paralimni'), commonly referred to as ENP, is a Cypriot professional football club based in Paralimni. Currently playing in the Cypriot First Division, it holds home games at the Paralimni Municipal Stadium "Tasos Marcou", with the capacity of 5,800.

Cypriot Second Division
The Cypriot Second Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Β΄ Κατηγορίας) is the second highest football division of the Cypriot football league system.

Administered by the Cyprus Football Association, it is contested by 16 teams, with the top three teams being promoted to the Cypriot First Division and the last three teams being relegated to the Cypriot Third Division.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Macoupin County, Illinois
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Macoupin County, Illinois.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Macoupin County, Illinois, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 8 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Macoupin County, Illinois
Macoupin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 44,967. The county seat is Carlinville.

The primary industry is agriculture, consisting of crops of corn (maize), soybeans, and some wheat.
Mommy 2: Mommy's Day
Mommy 2: Mommy's Day (also known as just Mommy's Day) is a 1997 low budget sequel to the 1995 thriller Mommy starring Patty McCormack once again as the psychotically obsessed mother who is trying to reunite with her daughter.

Mommy (1995 film)
Mommy is a 1995 American low budget thriller starring Patty McCormack as a mother who is psychotically obsessed with her 12-year-old daughter Jessica Ann (Rachel Lemieux).

McCormack is best known for her role as Rhoda Penmark in the 1956 film The Bad Seed. The film also stars Sarah Jane Miller, Rachel Lemieux, Jason Miller, Brinke Stevens, Michael Cornelison, Mark Spellman, Majel Barrett, Mickey Spillane, Marian Wald, Janelle Vanerstrom, Judith Meyers, Nathan Collins, Tom Castillo and Tom Summit.
Mōri Hiromoto
Mōri Hiromoto (毛利 弘元, 1466 – February 13, 1506) was a local warlord (jizamurai) of Aki Province in the west Chūgoku region of Japan during the Muromachi period and Sengoku period of the 16th century. The Mōri clan claimed descent from Ōe no Hiromoto, an adviser to Minamoto no Yoritomo. He is most known as the father of the famous Mōri Motonari.

Mōri Okimoto
Mōri Okimoto (毛利興元; 1492 – September 21, 1515) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period, who ruled the Mōri clan.  He was known for a distinctive green cape he wore over his armor, a gift from a Chinese envoy who had been shipwrecked in Tosa Province in 1509. He was older brother of Mōri Motonari.
Kotelny Island
Kotelny Island (Russian: Остров Котельный, romanized: Ostrov Kotelny; Yakut: Олгуйдаах Aрыы, romanized: Olguydaax Arııta) is part of the Anzhu Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands located between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea in the Russian Arctic. It is administratively and municipally part of Bulunsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Kotelny, Faddeyevsky and Bunge Land are usually named as separate islands on most 20th century maps, although sometimes on the newest maps the name "Kotelny" is applied to the whole island. A flat, low-lying, plain connecting both is known as Bunge Land (Russian: Земля Бунге).

The total area of Kotelny Island is 23,165 km2. Kotelny is one of the 50 largest islands in the world.

Baydzharakh
Baydzharakh (Russian: Байджарах; Yakut: Бадьараах, Baçaraakh) is a term based in the Yakut language, referring to a roughly cone-shaped natural rock formation. They are usually composed of siltstone, silty peat or loam.
Wattle (anatomy)
A wattle is a fleshy caruncle hanging from various parts of the head or neck in several groups of birds and mammals. Caruncles in birds include those found on the face, wattles, dewlaps, snoods, and earlobes.  Wattles are generally paired structures but may occur as a single structure when it is sometimes known as a dewlap.  Wattles are frequently organs of sexual dimorphism. In some birds, caruncles are erectile tissue and may or may not have a feather covering.

Wattles are often such a striking morphological characteristic of animals that they feature in their common name.  For example, the southern and northern cassowaries are known as the double-wattled and single-wattled cassowary, respectively, and a breed of domestic pig is known as the Red Wattle.

Caruncle (bird anatomy)
In birds, a caruncle is a small, fleshy excrescence (outgrowth) that is a normal part of the animal's anatomy. Caruncles include wattles (or dewlaps), combs, snoods, and earlobes. The term caruncle is derived from Latin caruncula, the diminutive of carō, "flesh".
Nellie Ball
Nellie Ball is an offensive strategy in basketball developed by NBA head coach Don "Nellie" Nelson. It is a fast-paced run-and-gun offense relying on smaller, more athletic players who can create mismatches by outrunning their opponents. A true center is usually not needed to run this type of offense.  A large volume of three-point attempts is also a feature of Nellie Ball.  This offense is most effective against teams that do not have the athleticism or shooting ability to keep up with the fast pace.

Run TMC
Run TMC was the high-scoring trio of Hall of Fame basketball teammates consisting of Tim Hardaway, Mitch Richmond and Chris Mullin. Starting in 1989, they played together for two seasons with the Golden State Warriors in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Coached by Don Nelson, who was also inducted into the Hall of Fame, the Warriors played a fast-paced, run-and-gun style, and Run TMC was the league's highest-scoring trio in the 1990–91 season. Despite their short time together, the popularity of Run TMC endured. Their name was a play on the hip hop group Run-DMC, with the first name initials of each member forming TMC.
Middle Eastern cuisine
Middle Eastern cuisine includes a number of cuisines from the Middle East. Common ingredients include olives and olive oil, pitas, honey, sesame seeds, dates, sumac, chickpeas, mint, rice and parsley, and popular dishes include kebabs, dolmas, falafel, baklava, yogurt, doner kebab, shawarma and mulukhiyah.

Rose water
Rose water or rosewater is a flavoured water created by steeping rose petals in water. It is typically made as a by-product during the distillation of rose petals to create rose oil for perfumes. Rose water is widely utilized to flavour culinary dishes and enhance cosmetic products, and it is significant in religious rituals throughout Eurasia. Iran is a major producer, supplying around 90% of the world's rose water demand.

Central Iran is home to the annual Golabgiri festival each spring. Thousands of tourists visit the area to celebrate the rose harvest for the production of rosewater.
Bando Osmeña – Pundok Kauswagan
Bando Osmeña – Pundok Kauswagan (lit. transl. Team Osmeña – Progress Group), commonly known as BO–PK or BOPK, is a local political party based in Cebu City, Philippines. It is a political party run by the Osmeña family of Cebu since 1987 when Tomas Osmeña first ran for mayor of Cebu City. Although not a registered political party with the Commission on Elections (COMELEC), it has been used by Osmeña and his allies since 1998 when he ran with Alvin Garcia as vice mayor.

Mike Rama
Michael Lopez Rama (born October 28, 1954) is a Filipino politician and lawyer who served as the 26th Mayor of Cebu City from 2021 to 2024, and previously from 2010 to 2016. He also previously served as the 16th Vice Mayor (2001-2010, 2019-2021) and City Councilor from the 2nd (South) District (1992-2001).

In October 2024, the Ombudsman dismissed Rama as mayor and permanently disqualified him from public office after finding him guilty of nepotism and grave misconduct. Rama was dismissed and permanently disqualified a second time on January 3, 2025 due to illegally awarding garbage collection contracts without going through the legally-required bidding processes.

Rama is the father of Cebu City Councilor Mikel Rama and the uncle of Cebu City South District Rep. Eduardo Rama Jr.
Golden Gate Raptor Observatory
The Golden Gate Raptor Observatory (GGRO) is a long-term program of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy in cooperation with the National Park Service. The GGRO's mission is to study migrating birds of prey along the Pacific coast and to inspire the preservation of raptor populations in California.  Established in 1985, it is located in the Marin Headlands, just north of San Francisco, California. The Raptor Observatory operates under the philosophy that incorporating citizens into the process of gathering scientific data will deepen long-term conservation results.  Consequently, the organization's small staff is supported by the work of 280+ highly trained volunteers, coming from all different disciplines.  The GGRO publishes an annual report, contributes annual results to national databases, and collaborates on various research projects with local universities.

Marin Headlands
The Marin Headlands are a hilly peninsula at the southernmost end of Marin County, California, United States, located just north of San Francisco across the Golden Gate Bridge, which connects the two counties and peninsulas. The entire area is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The Headlands are famous for their views of the Bay Area, especially of the Golden Gate Bridge.
North Benfleet
North Benfleet is a village in the civil parish of Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet, in the Borough of Basildon in Essex, England. It is located between the towns of Basildon to the west and South Benfleet to the east. It adjoins the small village of Bowers Gifford.

Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet
Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet is a civil parish in the Basildon borough of Essex, England. The parish includes the villages of Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,055.

There are seven listed buildings in Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet. The local council is Bowers Gifford and North Benfleet Parish Council.
Rudolf Schwarz (architect)
Rudolf Schwarz (15 May 1897, Strasbourg – 3 April 1961, Cologne) was a German architect known for his work on Kirche St. Fronleichnam, Aachen. He also played a decisive part in the reconstruction of Cologne after the Second World War. He took a leading role with Cologne's reconstruction authority between 1947 and 1952, contributing to the rebuilding of the city with some of his own designs.  Among these is the Wallraf-Richartz Museum (1956), which now houses the Museum of Applied Art. He also reconstructed the pilgrimage church of Saint Anne in Düren, near Aachen, which is probably his most famous work.

Schwarz worked with the German blacksmith Carl Wyland and closely with the Fr. Romano Guardini at Burg Rothenfels, where he designed the chapel for Quickborn, a large German Catholic youth movement run by Guardini.

His wife, Maria Schwarz, worked together with him and was in business as an architect, especially in reconstructing and modifying her husband's buildings.

Maria Schwarz
Maria Schwarz (1921–2018) was a German architect and professor best known for her church architecture.

Maria Lang was born on 3 October 1921 in Aachen, Germany. Her father, a contractor sparked her interest in architecture at a young age. In 1941, Lang enrolled in RWTH Aachen University, making her the first woman to study architecture at the school. She graduated for the university with a master's degree in 1946.

In 1949, Lang moved to Cologne to assist in the rebuilding of the city following World War II. In Cologne, Lang worked with fellow architect Rudolf Schwarz, whom she married in 1952.

Following their marriage, Maria Schwartz became a partner in her husband's office, where the couple collaborated on a number of projects until Rudolf's death in 1961.

In 1998 Schwartz joined the faculty of the Technical University of Munich.

Maria Schwarz died on 15 February 2018.
Fort Mills
Fort Mills (Corregidor, the Philippines) was the location of US Major General George F. Moore's headquarters for the Philippine Department's Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays in early World War II, and was the largest seacoast fort in the Philippines. Most of this Coast Artillery Corps fort was built 1904–1910 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Taft program of seacoast defense. The fort was named for Brigadier General Samuel Meyers Mills Jr., Chief of Artillery 1905–1906. It was the primary location of the Battle of Corregidor in the Japanese invasion of the Philippines in 1941–42, and of the recapture of Corregidor in February 1945, both in World War II.

8-inch gun M1888
The 8-inch gun M1888 (203 mm) was a U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps gun, initially deployed 1898–1908 in about 75 fixed emplacements, usually on a disappearing carriage. During World War I, 37 or 47 of these weapons (references vary) were removed from fixed emplacements or from storage to create a railway gun version, the 8-inch Gun M1888MIA1, Barbette carriage M1918 on railway car M1918MI, converted from the fixed coast defense mountings and used during World War I and World War II.