hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tver Viceroyalty
57°N 36°E﻿ / ﻿57°N 36°E﻿ / 57; 36

Tver Viceroyalty (Russian: Тверское наместничество, romanized: Tverskoye namestnichestvo) was an administrative-territorial unit (namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796. Its seat was in Tver. In 1796, it was transformed to Tver Governorate.

The area of the viceroyalty is currently split between Tver and Moscow Oblasts. Minor parts of Tver Viceroyalty also currently belong to Yaroslavl and Novgorod Oblasts.

Tver Governorate
57°N 36°E﻿ / ﻿57°N 36°E﻿ / 57; 36

Tver Governorate (Russian: Тверская губерния, romanized: Tverskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Tver. The governorate was located in the north of the European part of the Russian Empire and bordered Novgorod Governorate in the north, Yaroslavl Governorate in the east, Vladimir Governorate in the southeast, Moscow Governorate in the south, Smolensk Governorate in the southwest, and Pskov Governorate in the west.

The area of the governorate is currently split between the Tver and Moscow oblasts. Minor parts of Tver Governorate also currently belong to the Yaroslavl and Novgorod oblasts.
Paris in the Twentieth Century
Paris in the Twentieth Century (French: Paris au XXe siècle) is the 64th and final novel by Jules Verne. The book presents Paris in August 1960, 97 years in Verne's future, when society places value only on business and technology.

Written in 1860, but first published in 1994, the novel follows a young man who struggles unsuccessfully to live in a technologically advanced but culturally backward world. The work paints a grim, dystopian view of a technological civilization.

Many of Verne's predictions are remarkably on target. However, his publisher, Pierre-Jules Hetzel, did not accept the book because he thought that it was too unbelievable and that its sales prospects would be inferior to those of Verne's previous work, Five Weeks in a Balloon.

Pierre-Jules Hetzel
Pierre-Jules Hetzel (French: [ɛtsɛl]; 15 January 1814 – 17 March 1886) was a French editor and publisher celebrated for his extraordinarily lavishly illustrated editions of Jules Verne's novels, highly prized by collectors.
Coco Moodysson
Hedvig Agnes Elisabeth "Coco" Moodysson (born 1970) is a Swedish creator of graphic novels and alternative comics, many of them in the autobiographical subgenre. Her works include an album collecting her work entitled Coco Platinum Total parts 1 and 2 (collected into one book by Optimal Press in 2002), The Health Center Fontanelle (with husband film director Lukas Moodysson, 2005), and Never Goodnight (2008),  an autobiographical tale of growing up in the early 1980s after punk had supposedly died and New Wave ruled. Later, Never Goodnight was adapted into her husband's 2013 film We Are the Best! In 2010 I'm Your Hell into Death appeared. She has also regularly appeared in the Swedish cultural magazine Galago.

Lukas Moodysson
Karl Fredrik Lukas Moodysson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlʉ̌ːkas ˈmɔ̂dːʏˌsɔn]; born 17 January 1969) is a Swedish filmmaker, novelist, and short story writer. First coming to prominence as an ambitious poet in the 1980s, he had his big domestic and international breakthrough directing the 1998 romantic film Show Me Love. He has since directed a string of films with different styles and public appeal, as well as continued to write both poetry and novels. In 2007, The Guardian ranked Moodysson eleventh in its list of the world’s best directors, describing his directorial style as “heartfelt and uncompromising.”
John Shepard House
The John Shepard House is a historic house on Shepard Park Road in Norfolk, Connecticut.  Built in 1922, it is one of more than thirty architecturally distinguished houses built in Norfolk to designs by Alfredo S.G. Taylor.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Alfredo S. G. Taylor
Alfredo S. G. Taylor (1872–1947) was an architect, of the New York firm Taylor & Levi, which he co-founded with Julian Clarence Levi.

He was educated at Harvard College, class of 1894, and received his B.S. from Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation in 1897.

Many of his works are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.  At least two, the Starling W. Childs House and the Frederick W. Rockwell House, both in Norfolk, Connecticut, were documented in the U.S. Historic American Buildings Survey.

Hillside (Norfolk, Connecticut), was designed by Taylor for an heiress of the Remington Arms business fortune, and was built in 1908.  It is one of his more "spectacular" houses.

Taylor was the designer of over thirty buildings in Norfolk, Connecticut, in a wide variety of styles, in the four decades before the Second World War.  He designed a lavish summer pavilion in Norfolk's Dennis Hill State Park, of which only remnants survive.
Dahara-vidya
Dahara-vidya or 'the knowledge of Brahman within', is mentioned in the Chandogya Upanishad and the Taittiriya Upanishad. In this Upasana the sadhaka concentrates on Brahman (the Universal Self) in the cave of the heart. It is one of the thirty-two vidyas of the Upanishads taught in Vedanta, in which vidya Brahman is perceived as the imperceptible ether within the heart. This vidya occurs in the 8th Chapter of the Chandogya Upanishad.  where it is taught that the abode of Brahman is the small lotus that is here in this city of Brahman, what is there in the small space within the lotus is to be searched out. This vidya explains the identity of the external and the internal, the objective and the subjective, the macrocosmic and the microcosmic, the universal and the individual, Brahman and the Atman.

Vidya (philosophy)
Vidya (Sanskrit: विद्या, IAST: vidyā) figures prominently in all texts pertaining to Indian philosophy – meaning science, learning, knowledge, and scholarship. Most importantly, it refers to valid knowledge, which cannot be contradicted, and true knowledge, which is the intuitively-gained knowledge of the self. Vidya is not mere intellectual knowledge, for the Vedas demand understanding.
Black nobility
The black nobility or black aristocracy (Italian: nobiltà nera, aristocrazia nera) are Roman aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy under Pope Pius IX after the army of the Kingdom of Italy led by the House of Savoy entered Rome on 20 September 1870, overthrew the pope and the Papal States, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled by the pope prior to the 1929 Lateran Treaty.

For the next 59 years, the pope confined himself to Vatican City and claimed to be a prisoner in the Vatican to avoid the appearance of accepting the authority of the new Italian government and state. Aristocrats who had been ennobled by the pope and were formerly subjects of the Papal States, including the senior members of the papal court, kept the front doors of their palaces in Rome closed to mourn the pope's confinement, which led to their being called the "black nobility".

Orsini family
The House of Orsini is an Italian noble family that was one of the most influential princely families in medieval Italy and Renaissance Rome. Members of the Orsini family include five popes: Stephen II (752–757), Paul I (757–767), Celestine III (1191–1198), Nicholas III (1277–1280), and Benedict XIII (1724–1730). The family also included 34 cardinals, numerous condottieri, and other significant political and religious figures. The Orsini are part of the Black nobility who were Roman aristocratic families who supported the Popes in the governance of the Papal States.
Michaelhouse
Michaelhouse is a full boarding senior school for boys founded in 1896. It is located in the Balgowan valley in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The Spear's Schools Index 2025 recognises Michaelhouse as one of the world's 100 leading private schools (Rest of the World category), for demonstrating excellence in academics, innovation and student development.

Balgowan, KwaZulu-Natal
Balgowan is a valley in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands in South Africa.

The town of Balgowan is not much more than an old trading store and a train station where locally grown timber is picked up. However, nearby is Michaelhouse, the Anglican boarding school for boys in the Diocese of Natal, an exclusive private boarding school. The school complex, built in the English gothic style from red Pietermaritzburg brick, includes a chapel which is open to the public, featuring a stained glass rose window by Ervin Bossanyi and seven lancet windows by Margaret Agnes Rope.

As elsewhere in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, Balgowan has some wealthy farmers, mostly in the timber production industry (pine and eucalyptus) or in dairy and cattle farming. Popular niche soft drinks manufacturer Frankie's Soft Drinks Company is located in the town.

The Midlands Meander, a scenic tourist route featuring arts and crafts, restaurants and accommodation, runs through Balgowan on the R103 road.
Geelong West Cheetahs
The Geelong West Cheetahs Football and Netball Club was an Australian rules football club that last competed in the Geelong & District Football League from 1986 to the end of the 2016 season. They were based in the Geelong suburb of Geelong West. At the end of 2016, the club merged with the Geelong West St Peters Football Club to form the Geelong West Giants. The Giants have fielded separate teams in the GFL and the GDFL since 2017.

Geelong West Giants
The Geelong West Giants are an Australian rules football and netball club based in the Victorian suburb of North Geelong. The club fields teams in both the Geelong Football Netball League (GFNL) and Geelong & District Football Netball League (GDFNL).
Uzwil railway station
Uzwil railway station (German: Bahnhof Uzwil) is a railway station in Uzwil, in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It is an intermediate station on the St. Gallen–Winterthur line located between Flawil and Wil SG. Until 2013, the next station in direction of Wil was Algetshausen-Henau.

St. Gallen–Winterthur railway line
The St. Gallen–Winterthur railway line is a standard gauge railway line between St. Gallen and Winterthur, connecting the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen, Thurgau and Zürich. The 57.1 km (35.5 mi) long line was opened between 1855 and 1856 in four stages by the former St. Gallen-Appenzell Railway (St. Gallisch-Appenzellische Eisenbahn, SGAE) and belongs to the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB). It is part of the West-East main line in Switzerland.
The Swing (album)
The Swing is the fourth studio album by Australian rock band INXS, released on 21 March 1984. It peaked at number one on the Kent Music Report Albums Chart for five non-consecutive weeks from early April to mid-May 1984. The lead single "Original Sin" was recorded in New York City with Nile Rodgers and featured Daryl Hall on backing vocals. Overall, the album featured a slightly harder-edged sound than their previous releases.

Original Sin (INXS song)
"Original Sin" is a song by Australian rock group INXS, released as the first single from the band's fourth album, The Swing (1984). It was written by Michael Hutchence and Andrew Farriss, and produced by Nile Rodgers.

Released as a single in December 1983, it became the group's first single to reach the Australian top 10, reaching No. 1 in early 1984; it was the group's only No. 1 hit in Australia. The song also reached No. 20 in Canada and No. 58 in the US.
Jisr Isdud
Jisr Isdud or Isdud Bridge, also known as the Ad Halom Bridge, was a 13th century Mamluk bridge built over the Lakhish River (Wadi Sukrir/Wadi Fakhira). It is located approximately 1.5 km north of the Ad Halom junction. The bridge is similar in style and history to the nearby Jisr Jindas and Yibna Bridge.

The bridge is used today by pedestrians and cyclists.

Yibna Bridge
The Yibna Bridge (Hebrew: גשר יבנה, Arabic: جسر يبنا) or Nahr Rubin Bridge is a Mamluk arch bridge near Yibna, which crosses the Nahal Sorek (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It was previously used by Route 410 to Rehovot, and was known as the Jumping Bridge (הגשר הקופץ) due to a bump in the middle of the bridge which caused cars to jump if speeding. It is now a part of a recreation ground, next to a new bridge carrying the Route 410.
Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences of Fez
The Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences of Fez (Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Économiques et Sociales de Fès; FSJESF) is a Moroccan public institution of higher education. Established in 1975, it is one of the founding and largest faculties of the Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Fez.

Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University
Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (French: Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah; Arabic: جامعة سيدي محمد بن عبد الله) is a university in Fez city, Morocco, which was founded in 1975. It is named for Mohammed ben Abdallah.

In 2022, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings rated Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University as the best higher education institution in Morocco. It was the only Moroccan university to be ranked in the top 1,000 globally.
Adrián Lastra
Luis Adrián Álvaro Lastra (born 26 February 1984), known professionally as Adrián Lastra, is a Spanish actor, dancer, and singer, known for his performance as Pedro in the TV series Velvet and Velvet Colección.

Velvet Colección
Velvet Colección (Velvet Collection) is a Spanish comedy-drama television series produced by Bambú Producciones for Movistar+. The series is the sequel to Velvet, which was created for Antena 3. The first season contains 10 episodes, and premiered on 21 September 2017 on #0 and Movistar+'s VOD service. The series, set in Barcelona in the 1960s, follows the opening of a new Galerías Velvet fashion store.

On 4 October 2017, the series was renewed for a second season.

The series was initially renewed for a third season in 2018, but on 8 March 2019, it was announced that instead of the third series, there would be a Christmas Special, shown in 2019, closing the series.
Women's Chess World Cup 2023
The Women's Chess World Cup 2023 was a 103-player single-elimination chess tournament, the second edition of the Women's Chess World Cup, taking place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 29 July to 22 August 2023. The runner up and third place finishers, Nurgyul Salimova and Anna Muzychuk, qualified for the Women's Candidates Tournament 2024. Since Aleksandra Goryachkina, the winner of the tournament, had already qualified through the Grand Prix, her replacement was Koneru Humpy, who was the highest-rated player on the January 2024 FIDE rating list who had played a minimum 30 games.

The tournament was held in parallel with the Chess World Cup 2023.

Chess World Cup 2023
The Chess World Cup 2023 was a 206-player single-elimination chess tournament that took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 30 July to 24 August 2023. It was the 10th edition of the Chess World Cup. The winner, runner-up and third-place finisher of the tournament (Magnus Carlsen, R Praggnanandhaa and Fabiano Caruana) earned the right to the play in the 2024 Candidates Tournament. In January 2024, Carlsen withdrew from the Candidates tournament, with the fourth-place finisher from the World Cup (Nijat Abasov) qualifying in his place. The tournament was held in parallel with the Women's Chess World Cup 2023.

Jan-Krzysztof Duda was the defending champion. He lost in the fifth round (last 16) to Fabiano Caruana.
Ivan Markulj
Ivan Markulj (11 February 1889 – September 1945) was a Croatian soldier, officer in the armies of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and the Independent State of Croatia. He is best remembered as the first commander of the 369th Reinforced Infantry Regiment.

369th Croatian Reinforced Infantry Regiment (Wehrmacht)
The 369th (Croatian) Reinforced Infantry Regiment (German: Verstärktes (kroatisches) Infanterie-Regiment 369, Croatian: 369. pojačana pješačka pukovnija) was a regiment of the German Army raised to fight on the Eastern Front during World War II. The regiment was formed in July 1941 by Croatian volunteers from the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), including a Bosnian Muslim battalion. It was commonly referred to as the Croatian Legion (Hrvatska Legija). The troops swore a joint oath of allegiance to the Führer (leader of Germany, Adolf Hitler), the Poglavnik (leader of Croatia, Ante Pavelić), the German Reich (Nazi Germany) as well as to the NDH. The unit was sent to the Russian front, where it was attached to the 100th Jäger Division. On 31 January 1943, the 800 remaining Croatian legionaries, led by the unit's commander Marko Mesić, surrendered to the Soviet Red Army.
Imaani
Imaani Saleem (born Melonie Crosdale on 1 January 1972) is an English singer, best known for representing the United Kingdom (host country) at the Eurovision Song Contest 1998 in Birmingham with the song "Where Are You". The song placed second in the contest, and became a top-20 hit in the United Kingdom and Benelux.

Although "Where Are You?" remains her only solo chart entry, in 2000 she re-entered the top 20 of the UK Singles Chart alongside Tru Faith & Dub Conspiracy with their version of "Freak Like Me". Later, she recorded many songs with jazz-dance group Incognito, and in 2014 released her debut studio album, Standing Tall.

Incognito (band)
Incognito is a British acid jazz band based in London. Their debut album, Jazz Funk, was released in 1981.

Jean-Paul 'Bluey' Maunick is the band's frontman, singer, guitarist, composer, and record producer. The band has now included Linda Muriel, Jocelyn Brown, Maysa Leak, Tony Momrelle, Imaani Saleem, Vanessa Haynes, Mo Brandis, Natalie Williams, Carleen Anderson, Pamela "PY" Anderson, Kelli Sae, and Joy Malcolm.
Mosara Garden
The Mosara Garden or el-Mosara (Arabic: المسارة, romanized: al-Muṣāra) was a vast royal garden to the north of Fes el-Jdid, the historic citadel and palace-city of the Marinid dynasty in Fes, Morocco. The gardens were created by the Marinid sultan Abu Ya'qub Yusuf in 1286 and became famous in part because of a huge noria (waterwheel) that was created to provide it with water. The gardens were abandoned and progressively ruined during the Saadian period (16th-17th centuries) and have since disappeared, leaving only a few traces in what is now the Bab Segma Cemetery as well as the supporting structures for the former noria and the aqueduct it fed.

Noria
A noria (Arabic: ناعورة, nā‘ūra, plural نواعير nawāʿīr, from Syriac: ܢܥܘܪܐ, nā‘orā, lit. "growler") is a hydropowered scoop wheel used to lift water into a small aqueduct, either for the purpose of irrigation or to supply water to cities and villages.
Revolt of Alaric I
The revolt of Alaric I was a military conflict between the Roman Empire and a rebel army, probably composed mainly of Goths. This war consisted a number of armed conflicts in the period between 395 and 398, interspersed with periods of negotiations and sometimes even cooperation. During this war, the western and eastern parts of the Roman Empire did not always join together because of conflicting interests. The protagonists in this conflict were the West-Roman commander-in-chief Stilicho, the Eastern-Roman prefect Rufinus, his successor Eutropius and Alaric I. The latter was an elected Gothic military leader and monarch, and later considered one of first Visigothic kings.

Rufinus (consul)
Flavius Rufinus (Greek: Φλάβιος Ῥουφῖνος; c. 335 – 27 November 395) was a 4th-century Eastern Roman statesman of Aquitanian extraction who served as Praetorian prefect of the East for the emperor Theodosius I, as well as for his son Arcadius, under whom Rufinus exercised significant influence in the state affairs.

He was the subject of the verse invective In Rufinum by the western court poet Claudian.
Chrysin
Chrysin, also called 5,7-dihydroxyflavone, is a flavone found in honey, propolis, the passion flowers, Passiflora caerulea and Passiflora incarnata, and in Oroxylum indicum. It is extracted from various plants, such as the blue passion flower (Passiflora caerulea). Following oral intake by humans, chrysin has low bioavailability and rapid excretion. It is under basic research to evaluate its safety and potential biological effects.

Chrysin is an ingredient in dietary supplements. As of 2016, there was no clinical use of chrysin, and no evidence for its effect on testosterone levels. In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration did not recommend chrysin be included on the list of bulk drug substances that can be used in compounding under section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Passiflora
Passiflora, known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, and the type genus of the family Passifloraceae.

Passiflora species are widely cultivated for their striking flowers, flavorful fruits, traditional medicinal uses, and roles in dietary supplements and ayahuasca analogs, with several ornamental hybrids earning Royal Horticultural Society awards.
Sarangani, Davao Occidental
Sarangani, officially the Municipality of Sarangani (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Sarangani; Tagalog: Bayan ng Sarangani), is a municipality in the province of Davao Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 22,515 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.

Davao Occidental
Davao Occidental (Cebuano: Kasadpang Dabaw; Filipino: Kanluraning Davao), officially the Province of Davao Occidental (Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Kasadpang Dabaw, Lalawigan sa Davao Occidental; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Kanluraning Davao, Lalawigan ng Davao Occidental), is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is the municipality of Malita, the most populous town in the province. To the east lies Davao Gulf. It also shares a maritime border with the Indonesian province of North Sulawesi to the south.
New England Granite Works
The New England Granite Works was a firm incorporated in Hartford, Connecticut on June 16, 1871 by James G. Batterson. It was notable for creating a large number of works in the New England area until it was dissolved on June 26, 1926.

James G. Batterson
James Goodwin Batterson (February 23, 1823 – September 18, 1901) was an American designer and builder, the owner of New England Granite Works from 1845 and a founder in 1863 of Travelers Insurance Company, both  in Hartford, Connecticut. He introduced casualty insurance in the United States, for which he was posthumously inducted into the Insurance Hall of Fame (1965).
Rikard Strångert
Rikard Strångert (born 23 April 1972) is a Swedish professional golfer, who was one of Sweden 's leading amateur golfers in the early 1990s. He was part of the team winning the 1992 European Youths' Team Championship and member of the Swedish team, finishing  fifth, at the 1992 Eisenhower Trophy. As a professional he was runner-up at the 1993 Toyota PGA Championship on the Challenge Tour.

European Youths' Team Championship
The European Youths' Team Championship was a European amateur team golf championship for men under 22 organized by the European Golf Association. The inaugural event was held in 1961. It was played every year until 1982, then every second year. It was discontinued in 2006.
Karli Sohn-Rethel
Carl Ernst "Karli" Sohn-Rethel (1882–1966) German Modernist painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting art movement. He traveled often and was active in Düsseldorf, Munich, Rome, Positano, Paris, among other places. Sohn-Rethel was a member of the art groups, Sonderbund group and Young Rhineland.

Otto Sohn-Rethel
Otto Wilhelm Sohn-Rethel (1877–1949) German lepidopterist and a painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting art movement. Sohn-Rethel was a member of the art groups, Sonderbund group and Young Rhineland. The prominent theme of his art was young men frequently in the nude.