hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tekirdağ
Tekirdağ (pronounced [teˈciɾdaː]) is a city in northwestern Turkey. It is located on the north coast of the Sea of Marmara, in the region of East Thrace. The city forms the urban part of the Süleymanpaşa district, with a population of 186,421 in 2022.

Tekirdağ is a commercial centre with a harbour for agricultural products (the harbour is being expanded to accommodate a new rail link to the main freight line through Thrace). It is also home to Martas and the BOTAŞ Terminal, both of them important for trade activities in the Marmara Region. The town's best known product remains Tekirdağ rakı although it is also known for its cherries, celebrated with a festival every June.

The proximity of the Greek and Bulgarian borders means that there are honorary consulates for both countries in Tekirdağ.

Ferries from Tekirdağ sail to the nearby Marmara Islands during the summer.

The nearest airport is Tekirdağ Çorlu Airport (TEQ) although there are many more flights to Istanbul Airport (IST).

Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora, the Marmara Sea or Propontis /prəˈpɒntɪs/ (ancient Greek: Προποντίς /pro.ponˈdis/), is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km2 (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m (4,490 ft).
1854 Tōkai earthquake
The 1854 Tōkai earthquake was the first of the Ansei great earthquakes (1854–1855). It occurred at about 09:00 local time on 23 December 1854. It had a magnitude of 8.4 and caused a damaging tsunami.  More than 10,000 buildings were destroyed and several thousand people were killed.: 416 
It was the first of the three Ansei great earthquakes; the 1854 Ansei-Nankai earthquake of similar size hit southern Honshu the following day.

1854 Nankai earthquake
The 1854 Nankai earthquake occurred at about 16:00 local time on 24 December. It had a magnitude of 8.4 and caused a damaging tsunami.  More than 30,000 buildings were destroyed and there were at least 3,000 casualties.

It was the second of the three Ansei great earthquakes; the 1854 Tōkai earthquake of identical magnitude had hit northeast the previous morning, and the third 1855 Edo earthquake would strike less than a year later.
Harpel
Harpel is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Westerwolde, and lies about 28 km north of Emmen.

The hamlet was first mentioned in 1867 as Harpel. The etymology in unclear. The postal authorities have placed it under Vlagtwedde. Harpel has place name signs.

Vlagtwedde
Vlagtwedde (Dutch: [vlɑxtˈʋɛdə] ⓘ) is a village in the very southeast of Groningen province in the northeastern Netherlands. It lies on the Dutch border with the German state of Lower Saxony to the east.
Genge
Genge music is a genre of hip-hop music influenced by dancehall, originating from Nairobi, Kenya in the 1990s. The term "Genge" was coined by producer Clemo and popularized by Kenyan rappers Jua Cali and Nonini at Calif Records. The genre is commonly performed in Sheng, a mixture Swahili, English and various local dialects. The word "Genge" itself comes from Sheng slang, meaning "a group or a mass of people."

Nonini
Hubert Mbuku Nakitare (born 2 October 1982), popularly known by his stage name Nonini, is a Kenyan rapper and a former radio presenter. He is often referred to as the "Godfather of Genge" due to his pioneering contributions to the music genre.
Payne Lindsey
Payne Lindsey (born November 21, 1987) is an American director, documentary filmmaker, Right Side of the Tree lead singer and podcast host. He is best known for co-creating and hosting the hit investigative journalist and true crime podcasts Up and Vanished and Atlanta Monster.

Up and Vanished
Up and Vanished is an investigative  documentary-style podcast hosted by Payne Lindsey. The series investigates missing persons cold cases by reviewing old leads, interviewing witnesses and townspeople, and on-site investigation. The show is produced by Tenderfoot TV. The first season premiered on August 7, 2016, and investigated the case of Tara Grinstead, a beauty queen and school teacher who disappeared in Ocilla, Georgia. Season 2 aired in August 2018 and focused on the disappearance of Kristal Reisinger in Crestone, Colorado. The podcast also prompted a television special on Oxygen that premiered on November 18, 2018. The success of Up and Vanished has led to the creation of many other podcasts from Payne Lindsey, such as Atlanta Monster and Radio Rental.
What Every Woman Knows (1917 film)
What Every Woman Knows is a 1917 British comedy drama film directed by Fred W. Durrant and starring Hilda Trevelyan, Madge Tree and Maud Yates. It is an adaptation of the 1908 play What Every Woman Knows by J.M. Barrie. American versions were filmed in 1921 and 1934.

What Every Woman Knows (1921 film)
What Every Woman Knows is a 1921 American silent comedy-drama film adapted form the play What Every Woman Knows by James Barrie. The play had premiered on Broadway in 1908 and was a  hit starring Maude Adams. A British silent film version had been made in 1917 and a later American talkie would be produced in 1934 with Helen Hayes. This silent film version was directed by William C. deMille continuing his forte at adapting literary and/or stage plays to the silent screen. The film stars Lois Wilson and Conrad Nagel. This version is now lost.
Convergence group
In mathematics, a convergence group or a discrete convergence group is a group  acting by homeomorphisms on a compact metrizable space  in a way that generalizes the properties of the action of Kleinian group by Möbius transformations on the ideal boundary  of the hyperbolic 3-space .
The notion of a convergence group was introduced by Gehring and Martin (1987)  and has since found wide applications in geometric topology, quasiconformal analysis, and geometric group theory.

Relatively hyperbolic group
In mathematics, relatively hyperbolic groups form an important class of groups of interest for geometric group theory. The main purpose in their study is to extend the theory of Gromov-hyperbolic groups to groups  that may be regarded as hyperbolic assemblies of subgroups , called peripheral subgroups, in a way that enables "hyperbolic reduction" of problems for  to problems for the s.

Illustrative examples of relatively hyperbolic groups are provided by the fundamental groups of complete noncompact hyperbolic manifolds of finite volume. Further generalizations such as acylindrical hyperbolicity are also explored by current research.
Pact of El Pardo
The Pact of El Pardo was an informal agreement which supposedly took place on 24 November, 1885, in the face of King Alfonso XII's imminent death. It confirmed a system of party alternation ("turno") that lasted until General Primo de Rivera's coup in 1923. The pact was sealed in the Royal Palace of El Pardo.

Alfonso XII
Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 1857 – 25 November 1885), also known as El Pacificador (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 December 1874 to his death in 1885.

After the Glorious Revolution of 1868 deposed his mother Isabella II from the throne, Alfonso studied in Austria and France. His mother abdicated in his favour in 1870, and he returned to Spain as king in 1874 following a military coup against the First Spanish Republic. Alfonso died aged 27 in 1885, leaving his pregnant widow, Maria Christina of Austria, as regent of Spain. Their son, Alfonso XIII, became king upon his birth the following year. Maria Christina continued as regent until Alfonso XIII came of age in 1902.
Ted Nordhaus
Ted Nordhaus (born 1965) is an American author and the director of research at The Breakthrough Institute. He has co-edited and written a number of books, including Break Through: From the Death of Environmentalism to the Politics of Possibility (2007) and An Ecomodernist Manifesto (2015) with collaborator Michael Shellenberger.

The two were described by Slate as "ecomodernists," while the authors have described themselves as the "bad boys" of environmentalism. Like Shellenberger, Nordhaus generally advocates for increased use of natural resources through an embrace of modernization, technological development, and increasing U.S. economic growth, usually through a combination of nuclear power and urbanization. Many of Nordhaus' positions have been criticized by environmental scientists and academics, while reception from writers and journalists in the popular press have been mixed.

Michael Shellenberger
Michael D. Shellenberger (born June 16, 1971) is an American author and journalist. He is the first endowed professor at the University of Austin, serving as CBR Chair of Politics, Censorship, and Free Speech. Shellenberger is a prominent heterodox thinker on topics including climate change and homelessness. He also founded the online newsletter Public, which is the second largest Substack in news.

Shellenberger has been active in critiquing the environmental movement, offering alternative views on climate threats and policies. He contends that while global warming is a concern, it is "not the end of the world", and advocates for the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), industrial agriculture, fracking, and nuclear power as tools for environmental protection. Shellenberger ran for governor of California in 2018 and 2022, but was unsuccessful in both campaigns.
Hamilton railway station, New Zealand
Hamilton railway station serves the city of Hamilton in the Waikato region of New Zealand. It is located in the suburb of Frankton, hence the station's former name Frankton Junction, its name for most of its existence. The station is a Keilbahnhof, located at the junction of the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) and East Coast Main Trunk (ECMT) lines. The station is served by the regional Te Huia service, which runs to Auckland via Rotokauri Transport Hub and Huntly railway station twice daily in the morning, with return services in the evening and by the 6-days a week, Northern Explorer passenger service, between Auckland and Wellington.

Huntly railway station, Waikato
Raahui Pookeka-Huntly Railway Station (formerly Huntly Railway Station) is on the North Island Main Trunk line and the Awaroa Branch in the town of Huntly in the Waikato District of New Zealand, 65 mi (105 km) south of Auckland. It is 7.31 km (4.54 mi) north of Taupiri and 2.78 km (1.73 mi) south of Kimihia. The station was named Raahui Pookeka-Huntly for its reopening for the new Te Huia train on 6 April 2021.
Nikita Koloff
Nikita Koloff (born Nelson Scott Simpson, March 9, 1959) is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with Jim Crockett Promotions and its successor, World Championship Wrestling between 1984 and 1992, where he was billed from Russia (and, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuania). During his career, Koloff held championships including the NWA World Six-Man Tag Team Championship, NWA World Tag Team Championship, NWA United States Championship, NWA World Television Championship, and UWF World Television Championship. He was inducted into the George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2006 and the National Wrestling Alliance Hall of Fame of 2008.

Ivan Koloff
Oreal Donald Perras (August 25, 1942 – February 18, 2017) was a Canadian professional wrestler, better known by the ring name "The Russian Bear" Ivan Koloff, under which name he was billed as being from Russia and, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine. He was the third wrestler to hold the WWWF Championship. In April 2025, Koloff was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame.
Sampa the Great
Sampa Tembo (born August 9, 1993), known professionally as Sampa the Great, is a Zambian singer, rapper, and songwriter. Between 2014 and 2020, she was based in Australia. Her debut solo album, The Return (September 2019), peaked at No. 12 on the ARIA Albums Chart. At the 2019 ARIA Music Awards she won Best Hip Hop Release for her second single, "Final Form". In the following year she won the same category for The Return, as well as Best Female Artist and Best Independent Release. In March 2020 Sampa became the first artist to win the Australian Music Prize twice: for Birds and the Bee9 (November 2017) and The Return. The artist was based back in Zambia from late 2020, where she issued her second studio album, As Above, So Below (September 2022).

As Above, So Below (Sampa the Great album)
As Above, So Below is the second studio album by Zambian singer-songwriter and rapper Sampa the Great, released on 9 September 2022 through Loma Vista Recordings. The album was recorded in Zambia after Sampa the Great relocated there from Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic, and was announced in June 2022 alongside the release of the second single. As Above, So Below peaked at number 12 on the ARIA Charts.

In a statement accompanying the album's release, Sampa the Great said "After years of feeling like I had to represent and be an ambassador for everyone, I finally feel like I get to be an ambassador and fully represent myself."

The album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year at the 2022 J Awards.

The album was nominated for the 2022 Australian Music Prize.

A deluxe version was released in May 2023, featuring 7 live tracks.
David Bryant (bowls)
David John Bryant CBE (27 October 1931 – 27 August 2020) was a three-times World (outdoors) singles bowls champion (in 1966, 1980 and 1988), a three-times World indoors singles champion (in 1979, 1980 and 1981) and a four times Commonwealth Games singles gold medallist. He is generally considered to be the greatest bowler of all time, winning 19 World and Commonwealth gold medals in total.

Tony Allcock
Anthony Allcock OBE (born 1955) is an English bowls player. Born in Leicestershire, England,  he is considered to be one of the leading bowlers of his generation and was twice world outdoor singles champion (1992 and 1996) and three times World Indoor Singles Champion (1986, 1987 and 2002).
Advanced Perl Programming
Advanced Perl Programming is a technical book on the Perl programming language, authored by Sriram Srinivasan and first published in 1997 by O'Reilly Media. The book focuses on advanced concepts and techniques used in production-level Perl development, offering insight into the design and implementation of real-world Perl applications.

A second edition of the book was published in 2005, authored by Simon Cozens and edited by Allison Randal. Unlike the first edition, the second edition features a different set of advanced programming techniques, with a stronger emphasis on practical use cases in modern Perl development.

Both editions are independent in content and are intended to serve experienced Perl programmers seeking to deepen their understanding of the language.

Related books include Programming Perl, Perl Cookbook, and Perl Hacks.

Perl Cookbook
The Perl Cookbook, ISBN 0-596-00313-7, is a book containing solutions to common short tasks in Perl.  Each chapter covers a particular topic area ("Strings", "Ties, Objects, and Classes", "CGI") and is divided into around a dozen recipes each on a particular problem ("Reversing A String By Word Or Character", "Accessing Overridden Methods", "Managing Cookies").  Each recipe has four parts: "Problem", "Solution", "Discussion", and "See Also".

The Perl Cookbook is written by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington, and published by O'Reilly.  The Perl Cookbook inspired the PLEAC (Programming Language Examples Alike Cookbook) website, which translated the code snippets in the Perl Cookbook into other languages: Python, Ruby, Guile, Tcl, Java, and beyond.  O'Reilly went on to publish other Cookbooks inspired by the Perl Cookbook's format, including Java Cookbook, Python Cookbook, CSS Cookbook, and PHP Cookbook.

Some related books are Learning Perl and Advanced Perl Programming.
2011 US Open – Men's singles
Novak Djokovic defeated defending champion Rafael Nadal in a rematch of the previous year's final, 6–2, 6–4, 6–7(3–7), 6–1 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2011 US Open. It was his first US Open title and fourth major title overall. Djokovic saved two match points en route to the title, against Roger Federer in the semifinals. This was the second consecutive US Open where Djokovic saved two match points against Federer to reach the final, and the fifth consecutive US Open where the pair played each other. Federer's defeat meant that he did not win a major in a calendar year for the first time since 2002.

Andy Roddick and John Isner, who both lost in the quarterfinals, remained the last American men to reach a major quarterfinal until Sam Querrey at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, a span of 22 events.

This marked the last US Open appearance of 2003 finalist and former world No. 1 Juan Carlos Ferrero.

2011 US Open (tennis)
The 2011 US Open was a tennis tournament played on the outdoor hard courts at the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows Park, of Queens, New York City, United States. It began on August 29 and was originally scheduled to end on September 11, but the men's final was postponed to September 12 due to rain.

Rafael Nadal and Kim Clijsters were the defending champions. Due to an abdominal muscle injury, Clijsters opted not to defend her title.

In the women's singles, Australia's Samantha Stosur defeated Serena Williams in straight sets 6–2, 6–3 for her first Grand Slam title. Stosur thus became the first Australian female player to win a Grand Slam since Evonne Goolagong Cawley in 1980.

In the men's singles, both Nadal and Novak Djokovic played the final for the second consecutive year. This time, Djokovic won 6–2, 6–4, 6–7(3–7), 6–1 for his first US Open title.
Ice Cream (Raekwon song)
"Ice Cream" is the third solo single by Wu-Tang Clan member Raekwon, from his debut studio album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx... (1995). The song features Wu-Tang Clan members Method Man in the intro, chorus and outro, Ghostface Killah in the first verse, and Cappadonna in the third. The song peaked at #37 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The single's B-side is "Incarcerated Scarfaces". Both songs are included on the compilation album The RZA Hits (1999).

Lauryn Hill sampled "Ice Cream" on her song "I Used to Love Him", from her 1998 album, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill. The Game remixed "Ice Cream" with his "Can't Understand" freestyle in 2004.

Incarcerated Scarfaces
"Incarcerated Scarfaces" is a song by American rapper Raekwon from his debut studio album Only Built 4 Cuban Linx... (1995). It was released as the B-side of his single "Ice Cream". Produced by RZA, it contains samples of "You're Gettin' a Little Too Smart" by The Detroit Emeralds and "Wang Dang Doodle" by Koko Taylor.
Stefania (singer)
Stefania Liberakakis (Greek: Στεφανία Λυμπερακάκη, romanized: Stefanía Lymperakáki; born 17 December 2002), known simply as Stefania, is a Greek-Dutch singer, voice actress and YouTuber. She is a former member of the girl group Kisses, which represented the Netherlands in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016. In 2020, she was internally selected to represent Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 with the song "Supergirl", but this edition of the contest was later cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Greek broadcaster ERT decided that Liberakakis would represent Greece in the 2021 contest, this time with the song "Last Dance", with which she finished in tenth place.

Supergirl (Stefania song)
"Supergirl" (stylized as SUPERG!RL) is a song recorded by Greek-Dutch singer Stefania, digitally released on 1 March 2020. It was written by Dimitris Kontopoulos, lyricist Sharon Vaughn, and production team Arcade. The song was intended to represent Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 before the event's cancellation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Stefania had been internally selected as the country's representative by Greek public broadcaster Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT).

The track is a dance-pop song that encourages teenagers to believe in themselves and pursue their dreams. For promotion, Stefania released a music video of the song and appeared on talk shows in both Greece and the Netherlands.
Perry White
Perry White is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the editor-in-chief of the Metropolis newspaper the Daily Planet. The character maintains very high ethical and journalistic standards and is an archetypal image of the tough, irascible, but fair-minded boss.

In film, the character has been portrayed by Pierre Watkin in the Superman serial, Jackie Cooper in Superman (1978) and its sequels, Frank Langella in Superman Returns, Laurence Fishburne in the DC Extended Universe, and Wendell Pierce in the DC Universe (DCU) film Superman (2025). In television, John Hamilton and Lane Smith played the character in Adventures of Superman and Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, respectively, Michael McKean in Smallville, and Paul Jarrett in the series Superman & Lois.

Superman (serial)
Superman is a 1948 15-part Columbia Pictures film serial based on the comic book character Superman. It stars an uncredited Kirk Alyn (billed on-screen only by his character's name, Superman; but credited as Kirk Alyn on the promotional posters) and Noel Neill as Lois Lane. It was the first live-action appearance of Superman on film. The serial was directed by Thomas Carr (who later directed many early episodes of the Adventures of Superman television series) and Spencer Gordon Bennet, produced by Sam Katzman, and shot in and around Los Angeles, California. It was originally screened at movie matinées, and after the first three scene-setting chapters, every episode ends on a cliffhanger. The Superman-in-flight scenes are animations, in part due to the small production budget.

A tremendous financial success, the serial made Kirk Alyn famous and launched Noel Neill's career. A sequel serial, Atom Man vs. Superman, also directed by Bennet, was released in 1950.
Amanda Filipacchi
Amanda Filipacchi (/fɪlɪˈpɑːkɪ/; born October 10, 1967) is a French-American novelist. She was born in Paris and educated in both in France and in the U.S. She is the author of four novels, Nude Men (1993), Vapor (1999), Love Creeps (2005), and The Unfortunate Importance of Beauty (2015). Her fiction has been translated into 13 languages.

Vapor (novel)
Vapor (1999) is the second novel by American writer Amanda Filipacchi.   It was translated into French, Italian, Dutch, Russian, and Polish.

The novel was praised for an energetic originality showcasing a “prodigious postfeminist talent.”
Charles Wheatstone
Sir Charles Wheatstone (/ˈwiːtstən/; 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to measure an unknown electrical resistance, and as a major figure in the development of telegraphy. His other contributions include the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images) and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique).

Francis Ronalds
Sir Francis Ronalds FRS (21 February 1788 – 8 August 1873) was an English scientist and inventor, and arguably the first electrical engineer. He was knighted for creating the first working electric telegraph over a substantial distance. In 1816 he laid an 8-mile (13 km) length of iron wire between wooden frames in his mother's garden and sent pulses using electrostatic generators. He also is known for creating the first electric clock in 1814.