hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gosforth
Gosforth is an area of Newcastle upon Tyne, in Tyne and Wear, England, situated north of the city centre. It constituted a separate urban district of Northumberland from 1895 until 1974 before officially merging with the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. In 2001, it had a population of 23,620.

The Ouseburn divides Gosforth from High Heaton and Longbenton to the east, while the smaller Craghall Burn forms the boundary with Jesmond and the Town Moor to the south. Kenton and Coxlodge lie to the west. There are four electoral wards on Newcastle City Council that include parts of Gosforth: Dene and South Gosforth, Fawdon and West Gosforth, Gosforth, and Parklands.

Jesmond
Jesmond (/ˈdʒɛzmənd/ JEZ-mənd) is a suburb of Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, England, situated north of the city centre and to the east of the Town Moor. Jesmond is considered to be one of the most affluent suburbs of Newcastle upon Tyne, with higher average house prices than most other areas of the city.
Yuva (2024 film)
Yuva is a 2024 Indian Kannada-language action drama film directed by Santhosh Ananddram and produced by Vijay Kiragandur under Hombale Films. The film, which marks the fourth collaboration of Ananddram and Hombale Films, stars Yuva Rajkumar in his lead acting debut, while Sapthami Gowda, Achyuth Kumar, Gopal Krishna Deshpande, Sudharani and Kishore appear in supporting roles.

Yuva was released on 29 March 2024 and received mixed to positive reviews from critics. It was the eighth highest-grossing Kannada film of 2024.

Sudha Rani
Jayashree, known by her screen name Sudha Rani, is an Indian actress, voice artist and former model. She has primarily worked in Kannada films in addition to some Tamil, Telugu, Tulu and Malayalam films. As on Feb 2024, she has acted in about 150 films across industries.

As a child artist, she acted in Kiladi Kittu (1978), Kulla Kulli (1980), Anupama (1981) Bhagyavantha and Ranganayaki (1981). She debuted as a lead actress at age 13 with Anand (1986). She has won the Filmfare Awards and the Karnataka State Film Awards twice for her performances in Panchama Veda (1990) and Mysore Mallige (1992).
Mobile v. Bolden
Mobile v. Bolden, 446 U.S. 55 (1980), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that disproportionate effects alone, absent purposeful discrimination, are insufficient to establish a claim of racial discrimination affecting voting.

In Gomillion v. Lightfoot (1960), which challenged new city boundaries that excluded virtually all black voters from Tuskegee, Alabama, the court had held that creating electoral districts which disenfranchised African Americans violated the Fifteenth Amendment.

Gomillion v. Lightfoot
Gomillion v. Lightfoot, 364 U.S. 339 (1960), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that found an electoral district with boundaries created to disenfranchise African Americans violated the Fifteenth Amendment.
Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)
Brigadier-General Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence (28 June 1806 – 4 July 1857) was a British military officer, surveyor, administrator and statesman in British India. He is best known for leading a group of administrators in the Punjab affectionately known as Henry Lawrence's "Young Men", as the founder of the Lawrence Military Asylums and for his death at the Siege of Lucknow during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Siege of Lucknow
The siege of Lucknow was the prolonged defence of the British Residency within the city of Lucknow from rebel sepoys (Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's Army) during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. After two successive relief attempts had reached the city, the defenders and civilians were evacuated from the Residency, which was then abandoned.
Bullhead shark
The bullhead sharks are members of the genus Heterodontus, the only members of the family Heterodontidae and only living members of the order Heterodontiformes. All are relatively small, with the largest species reaching just 1.65 metres (5.5 ft) in maximum length. They are bottom feeders in tropical and subtropical waters.

The Heterodontiforms appear in the fossil record in the Early Jurassic. The oldest fossils of the modern genus date to the Late Jurassic. Despite the very ancient origins of this genus and its abundance in the fossil record, phylogenetic evidence indicates that all extant species in the genus arose from a single common ancestor that survived the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction, with diversification into modern species only starting around the mid-Eocene.

Painted hornshark
The painted hornshark (Heterodontus marshallae) is a species of bullhead shark from northwestern Australia, described in 2023. It was previously considered conspecific with the Zebra bullhead shark. It is found from North West Cape to Bathurst Island.

The painted hornshark looks much like a zebra shark with its dark bar and saddle coloring as shown, but the coloring of the tip of the snout and its fins is the difference between the two.
Arthur Rackham
Arthur Rackham RWS (19 September 1867 – 6 September 1939) was an English book illustrator. He is recognised as one of the leading figures during the Golden Age of British book illustration. His work is noted for its robust pen and ink drawings, which were combined with the use of watercolour, a technique he developed due to his background as a journalistic illustrator.

Rackham's 51 colour pieces for the early American tale Rip Van Winkle became a turning point in the production of books since – through colour-separated printing – it featured the accurate reproduction of colour artwork.  His best-known works also include the illustrations for Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, and Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm.

Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens
Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens is a novel by J. M. Barrie, illustrated by Arthur Rackham, and published by Hodder & Stoughton in late November or early December 1906; it is one of four major literary works by Barrie featuring the widely known literary character he created, Peter Pan. Most of the text originally appeared as chapters 13–18 of Barrie's 1902 novel The Little White Bird.
Tommy Dingsdale
Thomas Dingsdale (fourth ¼ 1900 – 30 May 1940) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for St Helens Recs and York, as a fullback.

St Helens Recreation RLFC
St Helens Recreation Rugby League Football Club, often known as St Helens Recs or just the Recs, is a former professional rugby league club from St. Helens, Lancashire, that played in the Rugby Football League during the inter-war years. The club had a great rivalry with St Helens RFC.
Nigel Terry
Peter Nigel Terry (15 August 1945 – 30 April 2015) was an English stage, film, and television actor, typically in historical and period roles. He played Prince John in Anthony Harvey's film The Lion in Winter (1968) and King Arthur in John Boorman's Excalibur (1981).

The Lion in Winter (1968 film)
The Lion in Winter is a 1968 British historical drama centred on Henry II of England and his attempt to establish a line of succession during a family gathering at Christmas 1183. His efforts unleash both political and personal turmoil among his estranged wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, their three surviving sons, the French king, and the king's half-sister Alais, who is Henry's mistress. The film stars Peter O'Toole and Katharine Hepburn, was directed by Anthony Harvey, written by James Goldman, and produced by Joseph E. Levine, Jane C. Nusbaum, and Martin Poll. Actors John Castle, Anthony Hopkins (in his first major film role), Jane Merrow, Timothy Dalton (in his film debut) and Nigel Terry appear in support.

Based on Goldman's play The Lion in Winter, the film was a critical and commercial success, winning three Academy Awards (including Hepburn's win for Best Actress, making her the first three-time winner in the category). A television remake of the film was released in 2003.
Kyrkjeoksle
Kyrkjeoksle is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,843-metre (6,047 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of the village of Fossbergom and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Urdadalstindan, Visbreatinden, and Semelholstinden to the east; Langvasshøe to the southeast; Skarddalstinden and Høgvagltindane to the south; Stehøe and Stetinden to the northwest; and Kyrkja, Tverrbottindene, and Tverrbytthornet to the north.

Visbreatinden
Visbreatinden is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is the 41st tallest mountain in Norway. The 2,234-metre (7,329 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of the village of Fossbergom and about 37 kilometres (23 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Urdadalstindan and Semelholstinden to the northeast; Semeltinden to the southeast; Skarddalstinden and Skarddalseggje to the south; Høgvagltindane and Langvasshøe to the southwest; Kyrkja and Kyrkjeoksle to the west; and Tverrbytthornet to the northwest.
Horace Brearley
Horace Brearley (26 June 1913 – 14 August 2007) was an English cricketer and schoolmaster.

Born in Heckmondwike, Yorkshire, England, Brearley represented Yorkshire for a solitary County Championship appearance as a right-handed batsman in 1937, and played for Middlesex in 1949. His appearance with Yorkshire yielded seventeen runs from two innings. He also played for Yorkshire Men's Hockey team whilst in Sheffield.

After obtaining a B.Sc. from the University of Leeds, he was a teacher at King Edward VII School in Sheffield from 1937 to 1946, interrupted by wartime service as Instructor Lieutenant in the R.N.V.R. He left Sheffield in 1946, to take up a teaching post at the City of London School. He suffered from Alzheimer's disease in his last years.

His son, Mike Brearley, captained both Middlesex and England at cricket.

Mike Brearley
John Michael Brearley OBE (born 28 April 1942) is a retired English first-class cricketer who captained Cambridge University, Middlesex, and England to three successive Ashes series wins. He was the captain of the English squad which finished as runners-up at the 1979 Cricket World Cup.

Brearley captained the international side in 31 of his 39 Test matches, winning 18 and losing only 4. He was the President of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 2007–08. Since his retirement from professional cricket he has pursued a career as a psychoanalyst, psychotherapist (registered with the BPC), motivational speaker, and writer, serving as President of the British Psychoanalytical Society 2008–10. In 2015, an article in the Bleacher Report ranked Brearley as England's greatest-ever cricket captain.
Porthos
Porthos, Baron du Vallon de Bracieux de Pierrefonds is a fictional character in the novels The Three Musketeers (1844), Twenty Years After (1845), and The Vicomte de Bragelonne (1847–1850) by Alexandre Dumas, père. He and the other two musketeers, Athos and Aramis, are friends of the novel's protagonist, d'Artagnan. Porthos is a highly fictionalized version of the historical musketeer Isaac de Porthau.

Aramis
René d'Herblay, alias Aramis, is a fictional character in the novels The Three Musketeers (1844), Twenty Years After (1845), and The Vicomte de Bragelonne (1847–1850) by Alexandre Dumas, père. He and the other two musketeers, Athos and Porthos, are friends of the novels' protagonist, d'Artagnan.

The fictional Aramis is loosely based on the historical musketeer Henri d'Aramitz.
Willie Mabon
Willie James Mabon (October 24, 1925 – April 19, 1985) was an American R&B singer, songwriter, pianist, and harmonica player. He had two number one hits on the Billboard R&B chart, "I Don't Know" in 1952 and "I'm Mad" in 1953.

I Don't Know (Willie Mabon song)
"I Don't Know" is a rhythm and blues song recorded in October 1952 by Willie Mabon and His Combo. Mabon is credited as the songwriter, although blues historian Gerard Herzhaft notes that it was "inspired by Cripple Clarence Lofton".

The song was recorded at Universal Recording Corporation in Chicago. Chicago blues label Parrot Records originally issued it as a single, but Chess Records soon reissued it after purchasing Parrot. In 1952, the Chess single reached number one in the U.S. on Billboard's R&B chart in December 1952. The song is included on several compilations of Mabon's recordings as well as various artists' collections from the period. The 1959 Chess compilation album Oldies in Hi Fi includes "I Don't Know", plus the follow up hits "I'm Mad", and "Poison Ivy."

The song was covered by The Blues Brothers in 1978 for their live album Briefcase Full of Blues.
Quick, Before It Melts
Quick, Before It Melts is a 1964 American Panavision and Metrocolor comedy film directed by Delbert Mann, starring Robert Morse, George Maharis, and Anjanette Comer and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was written by Dale Wasserman based on the novel of the same title by Philip Benjamin.

George Maharis
George Maharis (September 1, 1928 – May 24, 2023) was an American actor, singer, and visual artist who portrayed Buz Murdock in the first three seasons of the TV series Route 66. Maharis also recorded several pop music albums at the height of his fame, and later starred in the TV series The Most Deadly Game.
Joe Ruby
Joseph Clemens Ruby (March 30, 1933 – August 26, 2020) was an American animator, writer, television producer, and music editor. He was best known as a co-creator of the animated Scooby-Doo franchise, together with Ken Spears. In 1977, they co-founded the television animation production company Ruby-Spears Productions. Ruby would work with Spears and would co-create several other shows including, Fangface, Dynomutt, Dog Wonder, and Jabberjaw among others.

Ruby met Spears in 1959 at Hanna-Barbera, when the studio was being interviewed by Life Magazine. The two would start working together on animated shows. Before Ruby founded Ruby-Spears, he worked at several studios, including Walt Disney Animation Studios, Hanna-Barbera, DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, and with Sid and Marty Krofft.

In 1996, the Ruby-Spears studio closed, and Ruby would keep working with Spears until his retirement in 2002.

Ruby died on August 26, 2020. He was 87 years old.

Fangface
Fangface is an American Saturday morning cartoon produced by Ruby-Spears Productions for ABC. It premiered on September 9, 1978 and ended on November 10, 1979, with a total of 24 episodes over the course of 2 seasons. The executive producers were Joe Ruby and Ken Spears.

Fangface appears in the third season of Jellystone! as the werewolf form of El Kabong.
Haaz Sleiman
Haaz Sleiman (/ˈhɑːz ˈsleɪmən/; Arabic: هاز سليمان; born 1 July 1976) is a Lebanese actor. He most notably played the role of Tarek in the 2007 film The Visitor for which he was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male and the role of Jesus in the American TV mini-series Killing Jesus, in addition to a number of American TV series.

The Visitor (2007 feature film)
The Visitor is a 2007 American drama film film written and directed by Tom McCarthy and produced by Michael London and Mary Jane Skalski. Executive producers were Jeff Skoll and Omar Amanat. The film focuses on a lonely man in late middle age whose life changes when a chance encounter with an immigrant couple forces him to face issues relating to identity, immigration, and cross-cultural communication in post-9/11 New York City.

For The Visitor, McCarthy won the 2008 Independent Spirit Award for Best Director, while Richard Jenkins was nominated for Best Actor at the 81st Academy Awards.
Beruniy
Beruniy (Uzbek: Beruniy/Беруний; Karakalpak: Biruniy/Бируний; Russian: Беруни) is a city in the autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. It is located on the northern bank of the Amu Darya near Uzbekistan's border with Turkmenistan. The city is the seat of Beruniy District. Historically, Beruniy was known as Kath (Persian/Arabic: کاث; modern Uzbek: Kos) and served as the capital of Khwarazm during the Afrighid dynasty. In 1957, it was renamed "Beruniy" in honor of the medieval scholar and polymath Al-Biruni who was born here. Beruniy received city status in 1962.

Beruniy is an important industrial city in Karakalpakstan. It is home to an asphalt plant, a brick factory, a cotton plant, and a shoe factory. There are also many textile factories.

Afrighids
The Afrighids (Khwarazmian: ʾfryḡ) were a native Khwarezmian Iranian dynasty who ruled over the ancient kingdom of Khwarazm. Over time, they were under the suzerainty of the Sasanian Empire, the Hephthalite Empire, the Göktürk Khaganate, the Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate and the Samanid Empire.

They were ultimately deposed by a rival family, the Ma'munids of Gurganj, who became the new rulers of Khwarazm.
Rav Karna
Karna (Hebrew: קרנא) was a rabbi of Babylonia, of the first generation of amoraim. In the Babylonian Talmud he appears simply as Karna; in the Jerusalem Talmud he is entitled Rav Karna.

He was a colleague of Samuel of Nehardea and Rav, and served as a rabbinic judge. The phrase "Judges of the Exile" in the Babylonian Talmud is an epithet attributed to Karna and Samuel of Nehardea.

He wrote a compilation of Baraitas to Seder Nezikin, known as Nezikin of the School of Karna. He made his living from testing wine quality.

Samuel of Nehardea
Samuel of Nehardea or Samuel bar Abba, often simply called Samuel (Hebrew: שמואל) and occasionally Mar Samuel, was a Jewish Amora of the first generation; son of Abba bar Abba and head of the Yeshiva at Nehardea, Babylonia. He was a teacher of halakha, judge, physician, and astronomer. He was born about 165 CE at Nehardea, and died there in 254 CE. In the Talmud, Samuel is frequently associated with Abba Arikha ("Rav"), with whom he debated on many issues.
Gmina Miedźno
Gmina Miedźno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Miedźno, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Kłobuck and 80 km (50 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 113.17 square kilometres (43.7 sq mi), and in 2019 its total population was 7,551.

Miedźno, Silesian Voivodeship
Miedźno [ˈmjɛd͡ʑnɔ] is a village in Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Miedźno.

From the 19th century until World War II, a Jewish community lived in Miedźno (about 90 in 1880, and 124 in 1921). After seizing the village in September 1939, the Germans sent 12 Jews from Miedźno to the Buchenwald concentration camp, and on June 22, 1942, all the others were deported to Kuźniczka near Krzepice and to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp.
Belton Regio
Belton Regio (formerly Cthulhu Macula or Cthulhu Regio) is a prominent surface feature of the dwarf planet Pluto. It is an elongated dark region along Pluto's equator, 2,990 km (1,860 mi) long and one of the darkest features on its surface.

After its discovery in 2015, the feature was provisionally named after the fictional deity Cthulhu from the works of H. P. Lovecraft and others, as it was most popular name in its category in an online poll conducted earlier that year.  In 2023, an official name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union honoring astronomer Michael J. Belton.

Michael J. Belton
Michael J. S. Belton (September 29, 1934 – June 4, 2018) was President of Belton Space Exploration Initiatives and Emeritus Astronomer at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona. Belton served as the Chair of the 2002 Planetary Science Decadal Survey guiding NASA and other US Government Agencies plans for solar system exploration.  Belton studied first at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland and earned his PhD at the University of California at Berkeley for his doctoral thesis on "The Interaction of Type II Comet Tails with the Interplanetary Medium".

Belton was born in Bognor Regis, England. He led the Galileo Imaging Science Team in high-resolution imaging studies of Venus, Jupiter, Jupiter's moons Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, Earth's Moon as well as asteroids Ida, Gaspra, and Dactyl.  The team also studied  the collision of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter.
Ronnie Burns (actor)
Ronald Jon Burns (July 9, 1935 – November 14, 2007) was an American television actor. He is primarily remembered as the son of comedians George Burns and Gracie Allen and a regular cast member of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show (1950–58) on CBS.

The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show
The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show, sometimes called The Burns and Allen Show, is a half-hour television sitcom broadcast from 1950 to 1958 on CBS. It starred George Burns and Gracie Allen, one of the most enduring acts in entertainment history. Burns and Allen were headliners in vaudeville in the 1920s, and radio stars in the 1930s and 1940s. Their situation comedy TV series received Emmy Award nominations throughout its eight-year run.
Ekspress MD2
Ekspress-MD2 was a Russian communications satellite which was lost due to a launch failure on 6 August 2012. Equipped with eight C-band transponders and 1 L-band transponder, it was intended to be located in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 145° East. It was the second Ekspress-MD satellite to be launched, following Ekspress-MD1 in 2009.

Ekspress-MD1
Ekspress-MD1 (Russian: Экспресс-МД1), was a Russian geostationary communications satellite operated by Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) and designed and manufactured by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center on the Yakhta satellite bus for RSCC's Ekspress series. It massed 1,140 kg (2,510 lb) at launch, had a power production capacity of 1300 watts with a C-band and L-band payload.

It was successfully launched along Ekspress-AM4 aboard a Proton-M / Briz-M from Baikonur on 11 February 2009. It was commissioned in the 80° East orbital position. The satellite failed on 4 July 2013, well short of its design life, for which RSCC collected the insurance.
Zhizdra
Zhizdra (Russian: Жи́здра) is a town and the administrative center of Zhizdrinsky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Zhizdra River 180 kilometers (110 mi) southwest of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 5,545 (2021 Census); 5,585 (2010 Census); 5,719 (2002 Census); 5,439 (1989 Soviet census).

Zhizdra (river)
The Zhizdra (Russian: Жиздра) is a river in Kaluga Oblast in Russia, a left tributary of the Oka. The length of the river is 223 kilometres (139 mi). The area of its basin is 9,170 square kilometres (3,540 sq mi). The Zhizdra freezes up in late November and stays icebound until early April. Its main tributaries are the Resseta, Vytebet, and Seryona. The towns of Kozelsk and Zhizdra are located on the shores of the Zhizdra. The name is of Lithuanian origin. In Lithuanian, žizdras means 'thick sand, gravel'.

The lower course of the Zhizdra is located in Ugra National Park.