hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
COVIDSafe
COVIDSafe was a digital contact tracing app released by the Australian Government on 26 April 2020 to help combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The app was intended to augment traditional contact tracing by automatically tracking encounters between users and later allowing a state or territory health authority to warn a user they have come within 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) with an infected person for 15 minutes or more. To achieve this, it used the BlueTrace and Herald protocol, originally developed by the Singaporean Government and VMWare respectively, to passively collect an anonymised registry of near contacts. The efficacy of the app was questioned over its lifetime, ultimately identifying just 2 confirmed cases by the time it was decommissioned on 16 August 2022.

Digital contact tracing
Digital contact tracing is a method of contact tracing relying on tracking systems, most often based on mobile devices, to determine contact between an infected patient and a user. It came to public prominence in the form of COVID-19 apps during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the initial outbreak, many groups have developed nonstandard protocols designed to allow for wide-scale digital contact tracing, most notably BlueTrace and Exposure Notification.

When considering the limitations of mobile devices, there are two competing ways to trace proximity: GPS and Bluetooth; each with their own drawbacks. Additionally, the protocols can either be centralized or decentralized, meaning contact history can either be processed by a central health authority, or by individual clients in the network. On 10 April 2020, Google and Apple jointly announced that they would integrate functionality to support such Bluetooth-based apps directly into their Android and iOS operating systems.
The Sweetest Apu
"The Sweetest Apu" is the nineteenth episode of the thirteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 5, 2002. In the episode, Homer and Marge discover that convenience store owner Apu is having an affair with the Squishee delivery lady working in his store.

"The Sweetest Apu" was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Matthew Nastuk. It features Inside the Actors Studio host James Lipton as himself. It also features references to The New Yorker, photographer Richard Avedon and the film Wild Wild West. In its original broadcast, the episode was seen by approximately 7.1 million viewers and finished in 37th place in the ratings the week it aired.

Following its home video release on August 24, 2010, the episode received mixed reviews from critics.

Apu Nahasapeemapetilon
Apu Nahasapeemapetilon is a character in the American animated television series The Simpsons. He mostly appeared in episodes from 1990 to 2017. He is an Indian immigrant proprietor who ran the Kwik-E-Mart, a popular convenience store in Springfield, and was known for his catchphrase, "thank you, come again". He was voiced by Hank Azaria and first appeared in the episode "The Telltale Head". He was named in honor of the title character of The Apu Trilogy by Satyajit Ray.

Hari Kondabolu's documentary The Problem with Apu, released in 2017, criticized the character as a South Asian stereotype. In response to this, Azaria announced in early 2020 that he and the series' producers had agreed that he would resign from the role as Apu. Since then, Apu has occasionally appeared on the series as a background character.
Breezand, Zeeland
Breezand is a seaside resort and bungalow park of Vrouwenpolder in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 10 km north of Middelburg.

In 1930, the first recreational houses were built in the dunes near the Vrouwenpolder. The bungalow park Breezand was extended in the 1960 with hotels and shops and transformed in a seaside resort.

Vrouwenpolder
Vrouwenpolder is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 9 km north of Middelburg. The name is derived from "the polder of Our Lady", referring to the Virgin Mary.
Google Desktop
Google Desktop was a computer program with desktop search capabilities, created by Google for Linux, Apple Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows systems. It allowed text searches of a user's email messages, computer files, music, photos, chats, web pages viewed, and the ability to display "Google Gadgets" on the user's desktop in a sidebar.

In September 2011, Google announced it would discontinue a number of its products, including Google Desktop. The reason given was that "In the last few years, there’s been a huge shift from local to cloud-based storage and computing, as well as the integration of search and gadget functionality into most modern operating systems. People now have instant access to their data, whether online or offline. As this was the goal of Google Desktop, the product will be discontinued."

Sidebar (computing)
The sidebar is a graphical control element that displays various forms of information to the right or left side of an application window or operating system desktop. Examples of the sidebar can be seen in the Opera web browser, Apache web OpenOffice, LibreOffice, SoftMaker Presentations and File Explorer; in each case, the app exposes various functionalities via the sidebar.
Diego de Zúñiga
To be distinguished from Diego López de Zúñiga (theologian) (d.1531)

Diego de Zúñiga of Salamanca (sometimes Latinized as Didacus a Stunica) (1536–1597) was an Augustinian Hermit and academic. He is known for publishing an early acceptance of the Copernican theory, he was also the most important Augustinian scholastic thinker from the second half of the XVI century.

Diego López de Zúñiga (theologian)
To be distinguished from Diego de Zúñiga of Salamanca (1536–1597)

Diego López de Zúñiga, Latin: Jacobus Lopis Stunica (ca. 1470 in Estremadura - 1531 in Naples) was a Spanish humanist and biblical scholar noted for his controversies with Erasmus and Lefèvre d'Etaples and leadership of the team of editors for the Complutensian Polyglot Bible. He was born around 1470 in Extremadura, to an aristocratic family; his brother Íñigo López de Mendoza y Zúñiga was a diplomat for Charles V of Spain.

He was a pupil of Arias Barbosa at the University of Salamanca. In 1502 Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros recruited him for the team that would produce the Complutensian Polyglot.

López de Zúñiga controverted Erasmus on a number of points of Biblical translation. A contemporary view is that, while at times he defended the Latin Vulgate excessively, he made valid points in some other cases and showed up deficiencies of Erasmus who lacked the same command of Hebrew and Aramaic.
Rob Bonta
Robert Andres Bonta (born September 22, 1971) is a Filipino and American lawyer and politician who has served as the 34th attorney general of California since 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a member of the California State Assembly for the 18th district from 2012 to 2021 and as a member of the Alameda City Council from 2010 to 2012.

The first Filipino American to serve in the California State Legislature, Bonta chaired the California Asian & Pacific Islander Legislative Caucus. After Xavier Becerra resigned as attorney general to become Secretary of Health and Human Services, Bonta was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsom to replace him. Bonta was sworn in on April 23, 2021, becoming the first Filipino American to hold the office. Bonta was elected to a full four-year term in office in 2022.

California's 18th State Assembly district
California's 18th State Assembly district is one of 80 California State Assembly districts. It is currently represented by Democrat Mia Bonta of Alameda after winning the special election. She is married to her predecessor and the state's 34th Attorney General, Rob Bonta.
Vertumnus
In Roman mythology, Vertumnus  (Latin pronunciation: [wɛr'tʊmnʊs]; also Vortumnus or Vertimnus) is the god of seasons, change and plant growth, as well as gardens and fruit trees. He could change his form at will; using this power, according to Ovid's Metamorphoses (xiv), he tricked Pomona into talking to him by disguising himself as an old woman and gaining entry to her orchard, then using a narrative warning of the dangers of rejecting a suitor (the embedded tale of Iphis and Anaxarete) to seduce her. The tale of Vertumnus and Pomona has been called "the first exclusively Latin tale."

Vertumnus's festival was called the Vertumnalia and was held 13 August.

Pomona (mythology)
Pomona (/pəˈmoʊnə/ ⓘ, Latin: [poːˈmoːna]) was a goddess of fruitful abundance and plenty in ancient Roman religion and myth. Her name comes from the Latin word pomum, "fruit", specifically orchard fruit.

Pomona was said to be a wood nymph. Pomona does not have a clear counterpart in Greek mythology, although the fruit goddess Opora can be seen as her equivalent.
Federalsburg, Delaware
Federalsburg (also known as Fleatown) is an unincorporated community in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. Federalsburg was located at the intersection of Old State Road and Fleatown Road, north of Ellendale.

Ellendale, Delaware
Ellendale is a town in Sussex County, Delaware, United States. The population was 487 at the 2020 census, an increase of 27.8% since the 2010 census, and a 48.9% increase since the year 2000. It is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area. Ellendale is the "Gateway to Delaware's Resort Beaches" because it is the town located on U.S. Route 113, the resort area's westernmost border, and Delaware Route 16, the resort area's northernmost border with the eastern border being the Delaware Bay and Atlantic Ocean and the southern border being the state line with Maryland.
Ladies' Day (film)
Ladies' Day is a 1943 American comedy film directed by Leslie Goodwins and written by Charles E. Roberts and Dane Lussier, adapted from the play of the same name. The film stars Lupe Vélez, Eddie Albert, Patsy Kelly, Max Baer and Jerome Cowan. It was released on April 9, 1943, by RKO Pictures.

Max Baer (boxer)
Maximilian Adelbert Baer Sr. (February 11, 1909 – November 21, 1959) was an American professional boxer and the world heavyweight champion from June 14, 1934, to June 13, 1935. He was known in his time as the Livermore Larupper and Madcap Maxie. Two of his fights (a 1933 win over Max Schmeling and a 1935 loss to James J. Braddock) were rated Fight of the Year by The Ring magazine. Baer was also a boxing referee, and had occasional roles in film and television. He was the brother of heavyweight boxing contender Buddy Baer and father of actor Max Baer Jr. Baer is rated #22 on The Ring magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all time.
Real Lies
Real Lies are an English electronic group, formed by Kev Kharas, Tom Watson and Patrick King. They released their debut album Real Life in 2015. They are now a duo after Watson left the band.

The band are from the Holloway area of London and reference the boroughs of Islington and Haringey in their tracks. Their second album, Lad Ash, was released in April 2022, followed by We Will Annihilate Our Enemies in April 2025.

We Will Annihilate Our Enemies
We Will Annihilate Our Enemies is the third studio album by London band Real Lies, released on 16 April 2025 through Tonal Records.

The album features guest vocals from actress Jessica Barden on the track “Finding Money”.
Ross Hall
Ross Hall was a historic colonial farmhouse located on River Road in Piscataway, New Jersey. It was built c. 1739 by Edward Antill and is also known as the Edward Antill House. In 1768, it was purchased by its namesake, Dr. Alexander Ross.

In early July 1778, it was the headquarters for General George Washington when he ordered a feu de joie for the second anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Feu de joie
A feu de joie (literally "fire of joy" in French) is a form of formal celebratory gunfire consisting of a celebratory rifle salute, described as a "running fire of guns."  As soldiers fire into the air sequentially in rapid succession, the cascade of blank rounds produces a characteristic "rat-tat-tat" effect. It is used on rare landmark occasions of national rejoicing. During the 18th and 19th centuries, a feu de joie has celebrated a military victory or birthday. In recent years, it has marked, in Royal presence, the 80th Birthday and Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II, as well as the Death of Queen Elizabeth II.  Feux de joie also mark annual national or army days in, e.g., Canada, Malta, Nepal and Singapore.
Cancioneiro de Elvas
The Cancioneiro de Elvas (in English: Elvas Songbook) is one of the four Renaissance songbooks of Portuguese music from the 16th century - along with the Lisbon Songbook, the Belém Songbook, and the Paris songbook. It is one important source of secular music from the Iberian Renaissance.

The songs are composed in Portuguese and Spanish languages.

Cancioneiro de Belém
The Cancioneiro Musical de Belém (English: Belém Musical Songbook) or simply Cancioneiro de Belém (Santa Maria de Belém, Lisbon, National Archaeology Museum, Ms 3391) is a Portuguese Renaissance manuscript from the beginning of the 17th century.
Alex Nussbaum
Alex Nussbaum is a Canadian comedian, actor, character designer, and writer.

He has been nominated for a Canadian Comedy Award for Best Male Standup.

He has appeared on Just for Laughs, Comedy Now!, and is a regular judge on the MuchMusic show Video on Trial.

He has acted in the short-lived Cartoon Network show Pink Panther and Pals playing the show's antagonist, Big Nose, as well as many guest characters.

Pink Panther and Pals
Pink Panther and Pals is an American animated television series and a modern adaptation of the classic DePatie-Freleng Pink Panther shorts from the 1960s. The series was produced by Desert Panther Productions in association with Mirisch-Geoffrey-DePatie-Freleng and MGM Television. It premiered on Cartoon Network on March 7, 2010 and later moved to Boomerang on August 12, 2010. 26 episodes were produced.

Like the classic cartoon show, the program is composed of two seven-minute Pink Panther shorts and a seven-minute Ant and the Aardvark short in between, retaining the main characters in both shorts though with some changes.
Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate
Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate (Arabic: مُحَافَظَة جَنُوب ٱلشَّرْقِيَّة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Janūb aš-Šarqīyah, English: Southeastern Governorate) is a governorate of Oman. It was created on 28 October 2011 when Ash Sharqiyah Region was split into Ash Sharqiyah North Governorate and Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate. The centre of the governorate is the Wilayat of Sur.

Sur, Oman
Sur (Arabic: صُوْر, romanized: Ṣūr) is the capital city of Ash Sharqiyah South Governorate, and the former capital of Ash Sharqiyah Region in northeastern Oman, on the coast of the Gulf of Oman. It is located about 203 km (126 miles) southeast of the Omani capital Muscat. Historically, the city has been an important port connecting the Gulf and the Indian subcontinent via the Arabian Sea since as early as 16th century.
Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Samuel Goldwyn Productions was an American film production company founded by Samuel Goldwyn in 1923, and active through 1959. Personally controlled by Goldwyn and focused on production rather than distribution, the company developed into the most financially and critically successful independent production company in the Golden Age of Hollywood.

Goldwyn Pictures
Goldwyn Pictures Corporation was an American motion picture production company that operated from 1916 to 1924 when it was merged with two other production companies to form the major studio, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was founded on November 19, 1916, by Samuel Goldfish (who later changed his name to Goldwyn), an executive at Lasky's Feature Play Company, and Broadway producer brothers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn, using an amalgamation of both last names to name the company.

The studio proved moderately successful, but became most famous due to its iconic Leo the Lion trademark. Although Metro was the nominal survivor, the merged studio inherited Goldwyn's old facility in Culver City, California, where it would remain until 1986. The merged studio also retained Goldwyn's Leo the Lion logo.

Lee Shubert of The Shubert Organization was an investor in the company.
Crown Buildings, Cathays Park
The Crown Buildings (Welsh: Adeiladau y Goron), which are also known as the Cathays Park Buildings, are the Welsh Government's main offices in Cardiff, Wales. The buildings were formerly used by the Welsh Office and are situated in Cathays Park. The complex consists of two buildings, Cathays Park 1 (a Grade II-listed building) and Cathays Park 2, joined by a sky bridge.

Cathays Park
Cathays Park (Welsh: Parc Cathays) or Cardiff Civic Centre is a civic centre area in the city centre of Cardiff, the capital city of Wales, consisting of a number of early 20th century buildings and a central park area, Alexandra Gardens. It includes Edwardian buildings such as the Temple of Peace, City Hall, the National Museum and Gallery of Wales and several buildings belonging to the Cardiff University campus. It also includes Cardiff Crown Court, the administrative headquarters of the Welsh Government, and the more modern Cardiff Central police station. The Pevsner architectural guide to the historic county of Glamorgan judges Cathays Park to be "the finest civic centre in the British Isles". The area falls within the Cathays electoral ward and forms part of the Cathays Park Conservation Area, which was designated in 1975.
Al-Wahda SC (Syria)
Al-Wahda Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الوحدة الرياضي) is a Syrian multi-sports club based in Damascus. The club is mostly known for its football and basketball teams. The football team plays in Syria's top competition, the Syrian Premier League. Al-Wahda SC was founded in 1928 and its colours are orange and white. They play their home games at the Al-Jalaa Stadium. The club is nicknamed "The Damascene orange".

The club has one of Syria's most prominent football charts, as it has won the Syrian Premier League 2 times, the Syrian Cup 8 times and the Syrian Super Cup 3 times. Internationally, Al-Wahda biggest achievement is participation in the final of the 2004 AFC Cup.

Al-Wahda SC have competed in the AFC Champions League group stage as first Syrian club in history and have reached the knockout rounds of the AFC Cup four times, as well as reaching the round of 32 at the Arab Club Champions Cup twice.

Syrian Cup
The Syrian Cup (Arabic: كأس سوريا) is Syria's premier knockout Cup tournament in men's football. It was first contested in 1959. Al-Ittihad SC have won the competition on 10 occasions. The final was first played in the 1960-61 season during the UAR era and was won by Al-Majd SC. The tournament has been held annually since then, except for the 1963, 1972, 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977 seasons.

The record for consecutive wins in the competition is four titles, only two teams, Al-Karamah and Al-Fotuwa, have achieved that. Al-Ittihad are the current title holders.
Robert R. Williams
Robert Runnels Williams (February 16, 1886 – October 2, 1965)  was an American chemist, known for being the first to chemically fully characterize and then synthesize thiamine (vitamin B1). He first isolated thiamine in 1933, and synthesized it in 1935, reporting this in 1936.  Williams also provided the modern name "thiamine" from the molecule's sulfur atom, and it being a vitamin (a class ultimately named for the earlier-known amine of thiamine itself).

Among his awards were the Elliott Cresson Medal in 1940 and the Perkin Medal in 1947. He was elected to both the American Philosophical Society and the United States National Academy of Sciences. His brother was Roger J. Williams, another important chemist at the time and discoverer of Vitamin B5.

Roger J. Williams
Roger John Williams (August 14, 1893 – February 20, 1988), was an American biochemist. He is known for his work on vitamins and human nutrition. He had leading roles in the discovery of folic acid, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, lipoic acid, and avidin. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1946, and served as the president of the American Chemical Society in 1957. In his later career he spent time writing for a popular audience on the importance of nutrition.
Braceby and Sapperton
Braceby and Sapperton is a civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England.  According to the 2001 census it had a population of 47.  The parish consists of the two small villages of Braceby and Sapperton. Each village contains a small church dating from the 12th or 13th century.

The northern edge of the parish is formed by the A52 Grantham to Boston road, and the western edge is largely coincident with the former line of the Roman road King Street between Stainfield and Anacaster.  Part of this boundary is the ancient 'long hollow', and part the East Glen river. There are small woodlands on the eastern edge of the parish.  The parish is around 80m above sea level on the Lincolnshire limestone hills between Grantham and the Fens.

College Farmhouse dates back to 1677.

For the purposes of local democracy, the parish is administered as part of adjacent Ropsley and Humby.

Ropsley and Humby
Ropsley and Humby is a civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. According to the 2001 Census it had a population of 808, increasing to 816 at the 2011 census. The parish consists of the small villages of Ropsley and Great Humby and the larger Little Humby, and the Deserted Medieval Villages of Overton Green and Ogarth.

The northern edge of the parish is formed by the A52 Grantham to Boston road, and the eastern edge is largely coincident with the former line of the Roman road King Street between Stainfield and Anacaster.  Part of this boundary is the ancient 'long hollow'. The parish is around 100m above sea level on the Lincolnshire limestone hills between Grantham and the Fens. The open country in the north of the parish is known as Ropsley Moor

For the purposes of local democracy, the parish is administered with adjacent Braceby and Sapperton.
Jack D. Forbes
Jack Douglas Forbes (January 7, 1934 – February 23, 2011) was an American historian, writer, scholar, and political activist, who specialized in Native American issues. He is best known for his role in establishing one of the first Native American studies programs (at University of California Davis). In addition, he was one of the cofounders of D-Q University, a prominently Native American college in Davis, California.

D–Q University
Deganawidah-Quetzalcoatl University or D–Q University was a two-year college located on Road 31 in Yolo County, 6.7 miles (10.8 km) west of State Route 113 in California. Founded in 1971, it was among the first six tribal colleges and universities (TCUs) in the United States, and the first established in California. It was not affiliated with a single federally recognized tribe or reservation, as are numerous other tribal colleges.

The school ended its full-time class schedule in 2005 due to loss of accreditation. The Board of Trustees has been enlarged and continues to arrange activities to maintain its non-profit status. Students and instructors who remained on campus have continued to use the campus for classes, gatherings, and ceremonies, with annual powwows held through 2013. Annual Veterans Day powwows have continued to be held through the most recent Veterans Day in 2017.

A satellite campus of D–Q University continues to exist as Kumeyaay Community College.