hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chamacoco language
Chamacoco is a Zamucoan language spoken in Paraguay by the Chamacoco people. It is also known as Xamicoco or Xamacoco, although the tribe itself prefers the name  Ishír (which is also spelled Ɨshɨr, Ishiro, Yshyr) and sometimes Jewyo. When the term Ishiro (or yshyro or ɨshɨro) is used to refer to the language, it is an abbreviation for Ishir(o) ahwoso, literally meaning 'the words, the language of the Chamacoco people'. It is spoken by a traditionally hunter-gatherer society that now practices agriculture. Its speakers are of all ages, and generally speak Spanish or Guarani as second and third languages.

Zamucoan languages
Zamucoan (also Samúkoan) is a small language family of Paraguay (northeast Chaco) and Bolivia (Santa Cruz Department).

The family has hardly been studied by linguists (as of Adelaar & Muysken 2004), although several studies have recently appeared (see: Bertinetto 2009, 2010, 2013; Ciucci 2007/08, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2013a, 2013b). Recent studies show that the Zamucoan languages are characterized by a rare syntactic configuration which is called para-hypotaxis, in which coordination and subordination are used simultaneously to connect clauses (Bertinetto & Ciucci 2012).
Jan Hope
John Hope (14 February 1737 – 20 April 1784), also known as Jan Hope, was a wealthy Dutch banker, participating in the Hope & Co. bank  that his father had founded in 1762, a member of the city council and an art collector.  In 1770 he was appointed as manager of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He is also known today for his Groenendaal Park in Heemstede, where he summered on his estate. Shortly before he died he bought the nearby "Bosbeek". This estate became one of the first examples of a large garden in the 'English Style' in the Netherlands, and shaped by his second son Adrian Elias. His oldest son Thomas Hope became a designer of neoclassical interior decoration, and his youngest son Henry Philip Hope a gem collector and jewelry specialist (and owned the legendary Hope Diamond).

Henry Hope
Henry Hope (1735–1811) was an Amsterdam merchant banker born in Braintree, Province of Massachusetts Bay. He emigrated to the Netherlands to join the family business, the Dutch bank Hope & Co., at a young age. From 1779, Henry became the manager of Hope & Co. and participated in the firm for about a third from 1782. He is considered to be as great a genius as his uncle Thomas Hope who founded Hope & Co. in 1762. In 1786 Adam Smith dedicated the fourth edition of his book The Wealth of Nations to Henry Hope in hopes of increasing his readership:
Q
Q, or q, is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is pronounced /ˈkjuː/ ⓘ, most commonly spelled cue, but also kew, kue, and que.

English alphabet
Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms. The word alphabet is a compound of alpha and beta, the names of the first two letters in the Greek alphabet. The earliest Old English writing during the 5th century used a runic alphabet known as the futhorc. The Old English Latin alphabet was adopted from the 7th century onward—and over the following centuries, various letters entered and fell out of use. By the 16th century, the present set of 26 letters had largely stabilised:

There are 5 vowel letters (A, E, I, O, U) and 19 consonant letters—as well as 2 letters (Y and W) which may function as either type. Written English has a large number of digraphs, such as ⟨ch⟩, ⟨ea⟩, ⟨oo⟩, ⟨sh⟩, and ⟨th⟩. Diacritics are generally not used to write native English words, which is unusual among orthographies used to write the languages of Europe.
NCERT textbook controversies
The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an apex resource organisation set up by the Government of India to assist and advise the central and state governments on academic matters related to school education. The model textbooks published by the council for adoption by school systems across India have sparked controversies over the years. The organisation has been accused of reflecting the political views of the party in power in the Government of India. At present, it is under scrutiny for saffronising school textbooks due to aligning their content with Hindutva views and engaging in historical revisionism.

National Council of Educational Research and Training
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) (Hindi: राष्ट्रीय शैक्षिक अनुसंधान और प्रशिक्षण परिषद) is an autonomous organisation of the Ministry of Education, Government of India. Its headquarters are located on Sri Aurobindo Marg in New Delhi. Prof. Dinesh Prasad Saklani has been the director of NCERT since 2022.

In 2023, NCERT constituted a 19-member committee, including author and Infosys Foundation chair Sudha Murty, singer Shankar Mahadevan, and Manjul Bhargava to finalize the curriculum, textbooks and learning material for classes 3 to 12.
Canadaga
Canadaga (meaning "Canadian bird") is a flightless bird genus from the Late Cretaceous. The single known species is Canadaga arctica. It lived in the shallow seas around what today is Bylot and Devon Islands in Nunavut, Canada. Its fossils were found in rocks dated to the Campanian to mid-Maastrichtian age, about 67 million years ago. It was found in the Kanguk Formation

It was a member of the Hesperornithes, flightless toothed seabirds of the Cretaceous. Among these, it belonged to the Hesperornithidae, along with Hesperornis, the well-known namesake genus.

Hesperornis
Hesperornis (from Ancient Greek ἕσπερος (hésperos), meaning "western", and ὄρνις (órnis), meaning "bird") is a genus of cormorant-like ornithuran that spanned throughout the Campanian age, and possibly even up to the early Maastrichtian age, of the Late Cretaceous period. One of the lesser-known discoveries of the paleontologist O. C. Marsh in the late 19th century Bone Wars, it was an early find in the history of avian paleontology. Locations for Hesperornis fossils include the Late Cretaceous marine limestones from Kansas and the marine shales from Canada. Nine species are recognised, eight of which have been recovered from rocks in North America and one from Russia.
BEC819 series
The BEC819 series (BEC819系), branded "DENCHA" (Dual Energy Charge Train), is a two-car bi-modal electric multiple unit (BEMU) train operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) on inter-running services over the Fukuhoku Yutaka Line and Chikuhō Main Line in Fukuoka Prefecture in northern Kyushu, Japan, since October 2016, and also on the Kashii Line.

Chikuhō Main Line
The Chikuhō Main Line (Japanese: 筑豊本線, Hepburn: Chikuhō-honsen) is a railway line in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). It connects Wakamatsu Station in Kitakyushu with Haruda Station in Chikushino. Between Orio Station and Haruda Station, as well as from Keisen Station via the Sasaguri Line to Yoshizuka Station, the line functions as an alternate route to the Kagoshima Main Line.
Peter Stapleton
Peter James Stapleton (25 April 1954 – 22 March 2020) was a musician from New Zealand, best known as the drummer and co-founder of the alternative rock band The Terminals. Stapleton was also a member of the groups Vacuum, The Pin Group, Dadamah, Flies Inside the Sun, Eye, and Scorched Earth Policy.

The Pin Group
The Pin Group were a post-punk band formed in 1980 in Christchurch, New Zealand. They were the first band released on Flying Nun Records, and featured Roy Montgomery, Peter Stapleton, Ross Humphries, Mary Heney, and Peter Fryer.

The group were part of the first post-punk wave to emerge out of New Zealand in the early 1980s, and the influential Dunedin sound associated with Flying Nun. They released two singles and one EP on Flying Nun and played primarily in Christchurch and the South Island before disbanding in 1982. They reformed briefly for one release in 1992, and their discography has been re-issued twice in the years since.
Monoecy
Monoecy (from Ancient Greek  μονοικία (monoikía) 'one household'; adj. monoecious), is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy, and contrasted with dioecy where individual plants produce cones or flowers of only one sex, and with bisexual or hermaphroditic plants in which male and female gametes are produced in the same flower.

Monoecy often co-occurs with anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers on the same plant.: 32

Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin.

Trimonoecy
Trimonoecy, also called polygamomonoecy, is when male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers are on the same plant. Trimonoecy is rare.

It is a monomorphic sexual system along with monoecy, gynomonoecy, and andromonoecy. It is hypothesized that trimonoecy originated from  gynomonoecy.
SABRENet
The South Australian Broadband Research & Education Network (SABRENet) is a fibre-optic broadband network linking the major research and education sites in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia.

At over 110 km, SABRENet is the second largest underground network in Adelaide after Telstra's.

Sites connected to SABRENet include

All of Adelaide's university campuses

Most teaching hospitals

TAFE colleges

Some public high schools

Research precincts and science parks

The Techport Australia maritime precinct

Two AARNet POPs

SABRENet has been supported by the Australian Government under the Systemic Infrastructure Initiative, and forms part of the Australian Research and Education Network.

SABRENet Ltd is a non-profit public company formed by the SABRENet Members to build, own and operate SABRENet.
The SABRENet Ltd members are  Flinders University, the  South Australian Government, the
University of Adelaide and the University of South Australia.

Systemic Infrastructure Initiative
The Systemic Infrastructure Initiative was announced by the Government of Australia in January 2001 as part of Backing Australia's Ability – An Innovation Action Plan for the Future.

The Government announced that $246 million would be allocated over five years "to upgrade the basic infrastructure of universities, such as scientific and research equipment, libraries and laboratory facilities" to support research and research training.

Those eligible to apply are restricted to universities and other higher education institutions specified in Table A of the Higher Education Support Act 2003, Bond University and the University of Notre Dame Australia.
Going to Hell
Going to Hell is the second studio album by American rock band the Pretty Reckless, released on March 12, 2014, by Razor & Tie. The album debuted at number five on the Billboard 200 with 35,000 copies sold in its first week, becoming the band's first top-10 album on the chart. Going to Hell spawned five singles, including "Heaven Knows", "Messed Up World (F'd Up World)", and "Follow Me Down", all three of which reached number one on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Songs chart.

Follow Me Down (The Pretty Reckless song)
"Follow Me Down" is a song by American rock band The Pretty Reckless from their second studio album, Going to Hell (2014). The song was written by the band's lead singer Taylor Momsen, while production was done by Kato Khandwala. It was serviced to active rock radio in the United States on November 18, 2014, serving as the album's fifth and final single. The track's intro features former pornographic actress Jenna Haze, a close friend of Momsen's, simulating an orgasm, which was removed from the radio edit.

The song topped Billboard's Mainstream Rock Songs chart in May 2015, becoming the band's third consecutive number one on the chart, as well as tying Halestorm for the most number ones by a female-fronted band since the chart launched in 1981.
Journal of Marketing Research
Journal of Marketing Research is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Marketing Association. It was established in 1964 and covers all aspects of marketing research. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 5.000. The founding editor was Robert Ferber.

Robert Ferber
Robert Ferber was an American marketing theorist, statistician, economist, and psychologist.

Ferber was a Professor of Business at the University of Illinois, the founding editor-in-chief of Journal of Marketing Research, and the second editor of Journal of Consumer Research. He is a former president of the American Marketing Association. The Ferber Award given to the best dissertation-based article published in the Journal of Consumer Research is named after him. He founded the Survey Research Laboratory (SRL) at University of Illinois. He was married to Marianne Ferber.
Mary Hardy (diarist)
Mary Hardy (née Raven; 12 November 1733 – 23 March 1809) was an 18th-century English diarist. She depicted commercial and working life in the countryside, being actively engaged in her husband's farming and brewing business. Her 500,000-word record, compiled daily from 1773 to 1809, reveals the exacting, time-pressured nature of pre-mechanised work for the middle and labouring classes.

James Woodforde
James Woodforde (27 June 1740 – 1 January 1803) was an English clergyman, mainly in Somerset and Norfolk, remembered as the author of The Diary of a Country Parson. This vivid account of parish life remained unpublished until the 20th century.
Carlito Olivero
Carlos Emmanuel Olivero (born July 16, 1989), known professionally as Carlito Olivero, is an American singer and actor of Puerto Rican and Mexican descent. From 2007 to 2009, he was part of the Latin boy band Menudo after taking part in MTV's Making Menudo. Moving to Los Angeles in 2009, he appeared in various singing and acting events and in 2012 appeared in the film We the Party directed by Mario Van Peebles. In 2013, he auditioned for season 3 of the American singing competition series The X Factor and was the last contestant eliminated in the competition. He was mentored by Paulina Rubio.

We the Party
We the Party is a 2012 comedy film written and directed by Mario Van Peebles and starring Mandela Van Peebles, Simone Battle, Moises Arias, Mario Van Peebles, and Snoop Dogg. Set in an ethnically diverse Los Angeles high school, it focuses on five friends as they deal with "romance, money, prom, college, sex, bullies, Facebook, fitting in, standing out, and finding themselves".
Abraham Curry
Abraham Van Santvoord Curry (February 19, 1815 – October 19, 1873) was an American politician considered the founding father of Carson City, Nevada. A native of the state of New York, he traveled to the West Coast during the California Gold Rush and settled in Nevada's Eagle Valley, where Carson City was established.

Curry served as an assemblyman of the Nevada Territorial Legislature from 1862 to 1863 and was a territorial senator from 1863 to 1864. He was also the first superintendent of the Carson City Mint and the first warden of Nevada State Prison. Curry donated 10 acres (4.0 ha) of land for the site of the Nevada State Capitol, for which the state prison quarry provided the stone for its construction.

Curry spent the final years of his life building facilities for the Virginia and Truckee Railroad in Carson City. Though he had achieved prominence in Nevada, his wife claimed that he had only one dollar in his pocket when he died in 1873.

Nevada State Capitol
The Nevada State Capitol is the capitol building of the U.S. state of Nevada located in the state capital of Carson City at 101 North Carson Street. The building was constructed in the Neoclassical Italianate style between 1869 and 1871. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. It is also Nevada Historical Marker number 25.
Harpegnathos venator
Harpegnathos venator is a species of ant found in South and Southeast Asia in northern India and parts of Burma. Like other ants in the genus Harpegnathos, it jumps to capture prey and lives in relatively small nesting colonies.

Harpegnathos
Harpegnathos is a small ponerine genus of ants found in South and Southeast Asia. They are notable for their jumping ability, complex colony structure, and large to very large workers easily identifiable by their long mandibles and large eyes.
The Name of the Rose (film)
The Name of the Rose is a 1986 historical mystery film directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, based on the 1980 novel of the same title by Umberto Eco. Sean Connery stars as the Franciscan friar William of Baskerville, called upon to solve a deadly mystery in a medieval abbey. Christian Slater portrays his young apprentice, Adso of Melk, and F. Murray Abraham his Inquisitor rival, Bernardo Gui. Michael Lonsdale, William Hickey, Feodor Chaliapin Jr., Valentina Vargas, and Ron Perlman play supporting roles.

This English-language film was an international co-production between West German, French, and Italian companies and was filmed in Rome and at the former Eberbach Abbey in the Rheingau. It received mixed to positive reviews from critics and won several awards, including the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for Sean Connery. Another adaptation was made in 2019 as a television miniseries for RAI.

Eberbach Abbey
Eberbach Abbey (German: Kloster Eberbach) is a former Cistercian monastery in Eltville in the Rheingau, Germany. On account of its Romanesque and early Gothic buildings it is considered one of the most significant architectural heritage sites in Hesse.

In the winter of 1985/86 some of the interior scenes of the film The Name of the Rose were shot here. The abbey is a main venue of the annual Rheingau Musik Festival.
Maino (rapper)
Jermaine Coleman (better known by his stage name Maino; born August 30, 1973) is an American rapper and radio personality. After an ineffective tenure with Universal Motown Records, he signed with Atlantic Records and released his 2008 debut single, “Hi Hater,” which entered several Billboard charts. His 2009 follow-up single, “All the Above” (featuring T-Pain), peaked within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 and received platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Both songs preceded the release of his debut studio album, If Tomorrow Comes… (2009), which peaked at number 25 on the Billboard 200. Its sequel, The Day After Tomorrow (2012), peaked at number 94 and was supported by the single "Let It Fly" (featuring Roscoe Dash).

Hi Hater
"Hi Hater" is a song by American rapper Maino, released as his commercial debut single and the lead single from his debut album, If Tomorrow Comes... (2009). The song is featured in the video game Midnight Club: Los Angeles.
Istrian dialect
The Istrian dialect (Slovene: istrsko narečje [ˈíːstəɾskɔ naˈɾéːt͡ʃjɛ], istrščina) is a Slovene dialect spoken in Slovene Istria, as well as some settlements in Italy and Croatia. The dialect borders the Inner Carniolan dialect to the north and northeast, the Southern Chakavian and Buzet dialects to the south, the Southwestern Istrian dialect to the southeast, and the Čičarija dialect to the east. The dialect belongs to the Littoral dialect group, and it evolved from Lower Carniolan dialect base.

Slovene Istria
Slovene Istria is a region in southwest Slovenia. It comprises the northern part of the Istrian peninsula and is part of the wider geographical-historical region known as the Slovene Littoral. Its largest urban center is Koper. Other large settlements are Izola, Piran, and Portorož. The entire region has around 120 settlements. In its coastal area, both Slovene and Italian are official languages.
Kagami, Kōchi (Tosa)
Kagami (鏡村, Kagami-mura) was a village located in Tosa District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 1,582 and a density of 26.34 persons per km2. The total area was 60.06 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Kagami, along with the village of Tosayama (also from Tosa District), was merged into the expanded city of Kōchi, and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Tosayama, Kōchi
Tosayama (土佐山村, Tosayama-mura) was a village located in Tosa District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 1,251 and a density of 21.12 persons per km2. The total area was 59.22 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Tosayama, along with the village of Kagami (also from Tosa District), was merged into the expanded city of Kōchi, and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Mike McCoy (filmmaker)
Mike "Mouse" McCoy (born August 7, 1969) is an American film producer, director, and editor. Before entering the entertainment industry, McCoy worked as a professional motorcycle racer and stunt performer. He starred in and co-produced the documentary Dust to Glory (2004) and was co-director, producer, and editor of the film Act of Valor (2012).

Dust to Glory
Dust to Glory is a 2005 American documentary film written, narrated, and directed by Dana Brown centering on the off-road motorsport race Baja 1000. Filming occurred throughout the 2003 event.

Dust to Glory received a limited release in the United States on April 1, 2005, and a wide release on April 22, by IFC Films. The film was released to DVD by MGM Home Entertainment and Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
Lee Marshall (announcer)
Lee Marshall (born Marshall Aaron Mayer; November 28, 1949 – April 26, 2014) was an American professional wrestling announcer and radio personality. In wrestling, Marshall worked as an announcer and commentator for the WWE, the American Wrestling Association (AWA), World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and Women of Wrestling (WOW!).

Women of Wrestling
Women of Wrestling (WOW) is an American women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane (who also founded Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling (GLOW)). WOW is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner/president Jeanie Buss.

Initially broadcasting in syndication in the 2000–01 television season, WOW is a sports entertainment–styled product where its talent portrays heavily dramatized characters.
Shut Hell
Shut Hell (Japanese: シュトヘル, Hepburn: Shuto Heru) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yu Itō. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazines Weekly Big Comic Spirits (2008–2010) and Monthly Big Comic Spirits (2010–2017), with its chapters collected in 14 tankōbon volumes. Shut Hell earned Itō the New Artist Prize at the 16th Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize in 2012.

Monthly Big Comic Spirits
Monthly Big Comic Spirits (Japanese: 月刊!スピリッツ, Hepburn: Gekkan Supirittsu; lit. "Monthly! Spirits") is a Japanese monthly seinen manga magazine published by Shogakukan. It originally launched on August 27, 2009. It is a companion magazine to the weekly Big Comic Spirits.
John Postgate (microbiologist)
John Raymond Postgate FRS (24 June 1922 – 22 October 2014) was an English microbiologist and writer, latterly Professor Emeritus of Microbiology at the University of Sussex.   Postgate's research in microbiology investigated nitrogen fixation, microbial survival, and sulphate-reducing bacteria. He worked for the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Nitrogen Fixation from 1963 until he retired, by then its director, in 1987. In 2011, he was described as a "father figure of British microbiology".

His admired popularizing book on microbes in human culture, Microbes and Man, first published in 1969, remains in print.

Microbes and Man
Microbes and Man is a popularising book by the English microbiologist John Postgate FRS on the role of microorganisms in human society, first published in 1969, and still in print in 2017. Critics called it a "classic" and "a pleasure to read".