hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mujo Ulqinaku
Mujo Ulqinaku (born Muhamet Cakuli; 1896 – 7 April 1939) was an Albanian sergeant of the Royal Albanian Navy, known for his resistance on 7 April 1939 to the Italian forces during the Italian invasion of Albania. He was given the People's Hero of Albania award posthumously.

Italian invasion of Albania
The Italian invasion of Albania was a brief military campaign which was launched by Italy against Albania in 1939. The conflict was a result of the imperialistic policies of the Italian prime minister and dictator Benito Mussolini. Albania was rapidly occupied, its ruler King Zog I went into exile in the neighboring Kingdom of Greece, and the country was made a part of the Italian Empire as a protectorate in personal union with the Italian Crown.
The Lacs
The Lacs is an American country rap duo that consists of Robert Clayton (Clay) "Uncle Snap" Sharpe and Brian Andrew "Rooster" King. At first, the group also featured Brandon Herndon on the three self-released albums on Side Ya Mouth Records.

The Lacs have recorded six albums for Backroad Records, a subsidiary of Average Joes Entertainment, an independent label co-owned by fellow country rap artist Colt Ford. Four albums have entered the Billboard 200: Keep it Redneck (2013), Outlaw in Me and American Rebelution (2017).

The Lacs created their own record label Dirt Rock Empire in 2017. On September 22, 2017, The Lacs released the first album from Dirt Rock titled Dirtbagz, Vol. 1, which is a compilation album featuring many of the label's artists, such as Nate Kenyon, Crucifix and Hard Target.

Colt Ford
Jason Farris Brown (born August 27, 1969) known professionally as Colt Ford, is an American country rap musician, songwriter, entrepreneur, and former professional golfer. He is also the co-founder of record label Average Joes Entertainment. Ford has released seven albums through Average Joes and has charted multiple singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts. In addition, he co-wrote "Dirt Road Anthem" for Jason Aldean, "Country Must Be Country Wide" for Brantley Gilbert, and "Mind on You" for George Birge.
The South African Commercial Advertiser
The South African Commercial Advertiser was South Africa's first independent newspaper and started publication in Cape Town on 7 January 1824. It was banned between 5 May 1824 and 31 August 1825, and between 10 March 1827 and 3 October 1828, by order of the Governor at the Cape, Lord Charles Somerset.

On its founding, the paper was edited by the two Scotsmen, the poet Thomas Pringle and the educator John Fairbairn, and was printed by George Greig. After a series of mergers and name changes it finally ceased publication in 1879. The paper's final name was The Cape Standard and Mail.

John Fairbairn (educator)
John Fairbairn (9 April 1794 – 5 October 1864) was a newspaper proprietor, educator, financier and politician of the Cape Colony.

According to the Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, "The embryo of the State education system we know today, trial by jury, the principle of the mutual life assurance company – all these were fruits of his endeavours at the Cape".
Zombi (band)
Zombi is an American electronic music duo from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, consisting of Steve Moore on bass and synthesizers and Anthony Paterra on drums. The group makes use of looping to create multi-layered compositions. They have toured with Don Caballero, Isis, Orthrelm, The Psychic Paramount, Daughters, Red Sparowes, These Arms Are Snakes, Trans Am, and Goblin.

They are currently signed to Relapse Records. In 2006, the band signed with Belgian record label Hypertension Records to release Surface to Air on vinyl.

Moore was previously a member of Microwaves, a metal/no-wave band from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and has toured with Red Sparowes. Paterra is a former member of the Pittsburgh band The 1985.

Their song "Sapphire" was remixed by Norwegian DJ/producer Prins Thomas.

Majeure
Majeure is an American space rock and kraut rock outlet for the Pittsburgh-based musician Anthony E. Paterra. He has released four studio albums, two collaborations, an EP and a remix EP. As Majeure, Paterra has performed live internationally.
Wandering set
In dynamical systems and ergodic theory, the concept of a wandering set formalizes a certain idea of movement and mixing. When a dynamical system has a wandering set of non-zero measure, then the system is a dissipative system. This is the opposite of a conservative system, to which the Poincaré recurrence theorem applies. Intuitively, the connection between wandering sets and dissipation is easily understood: if a portion of the phase space "wanders away" during normal time-evolution of the system, and is never visited again, then the system is dissipative.  The language of wandering sets can be used to give a precise, mathematical definition to the concept of a dissipative system.  The notion of wandering sets in phase space was introduced by Birkhoff in 1927.

Dissipative system
A dissipative system is a thermodynamically open system which is operating out of, and often far from, thermodynamic equilibrium in an environment with which it exchanges energy and matter. A tornado may be thought of as a dissipative system. Dissipative systems stand in contrast to conservative systems.

A dissipative structure is a dissipative system that has a dynamical regime that is in some sense in a reproducible steady state. This reproducible steady state may be reached by natural evolution of the system, by artifice, or by a combination of these two.
PPSh-41
The PPSh-41 (Russian: Пистоле́т-пулемёт Шпа́гина-41, romanized: Pistolét-pulemyót Shpágina-41, lit. 'Shpagin's machine-pistol-41') is a selective-fire, open-bolt, blowback submachine gun that fires the 7.62×25mm Tokarev round. It was designed by Georgy Shpagin of the Soviet Union to be a cheaper and simplified alternative to the PPD-40.

The PPSh-41 saw extensive combat during World War II and the Korean War. It became one of the major infantry weapons of the Red Army during World War II, with about six million PPSh-41s manufactured during the period.

The firearm is made largely of stamped steel, and can be loaded with either a box or drum magazine.

Drum magazine
A drum magazine is a type of high-capacity magazine for firearms. Cylindrical in shape (similar to a drum), drum magazines store rounds in a spiral around the center of the magazine, facing the direction of the barrel. Drum magazines are contrasted with more common box-type magazines, which have a lower capacity and store rounds flat. The capacity of drum magazines varies, but is generally between 50 and 100 rounds.
Jack Ingram
Jack Owen Ingram (born November 15, 1970) is an American country music artist formerly signed to Big Machine Records, an independent record label. He has released eleven studio albums, one extended play, six live albums, and 19 singles. Although active since 1992, Ingram did not reach the U.S. Country Top 40 until the release of his single "Wherever You Are" late-2005. A number one hit on the Billboard country charts, that song was also his first release for Big Machine and that label's first Number One hit. Ingram has sent six other songs into the country Top 40 with "Love You", "Lips of an Angel" (a cover version of a song by Hinder), "Measure of a Man", "Maybe She'll Get Lonely", "That's a Man", and "Barefoot and Crazy".

That's a Man
"That's a Man" is a song written by Mark D. Sanders, Ed Hill, and Steven Dale Jones and recorded by American country music singer Jack Ingram. It was released in October 2008 as the first single to Ingram’s album Big Dreams & High Hopes. The song is Ingram's sixth Top 40 entry on the Billboard country charts.
Fenian Brotherhood
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny. It was a precursor to Clan na Gael, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Members were commonly known as "Fenians". O'Mahony, who was a Gaelic scholar, named his organisation after the Fianna, the legendary band of Irish warriors led by Fionn mac Cumhaill.

John O'Mahony
John Francis O'Mahony (1815 – 7 February 1877) was an Irish scholar and the founding member of the Fenian Brotherhood in the United States, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood. Despite coming from a reasonably wealthy family and being well educated, the primary pursuit of O'Mahoney's life was that of Irish Independence from the United Kingdom, a calling that ultimately left him in poverty. O'Mahony fought in the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848 as well as the American Civil War, and was involved organisationally in the Fenian Rising of 1867 in Ireland and the Fenian Raids on Canada.
New Multitudes
New Multitudes is a Woody Guthrie tribute album performed by Jay Farrar, Will Johnson, Anders Parker, and Yim Yames to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Guthrie's birth, released through Rounder Records on February 28, 2012. The project was initiated by Woody's daughter Nora Guthrie to have Farrar add music to her father's lyrics—specifically, his earliest songwriting years in Los Angeles. Over the course of several years, he invited the others to collaborate and recorded at a variety of locations across the United States. Each artist wrote music to lyrics that inspired him and presented it to the collaborators for recording. The result is an album with diverse musical genres that has garnered positive reviews from critics for its varied styles and instrumentation. The quartet promoted the album with a small promotional tour that took them to record stores, radio programs, theaters, and folk festivals. The group has plans for releasing a second volume.

Jay Farrar
Jay Stuart Farrar (born December 26, 1966) is an American songwriter and musician based in St. Louis. A member of two critically acclaimed music groups, Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt, he began his solo music career in 2001. Beyond being a songwriter, Farrar plays guitar, piano, harmonica, and sings.
Futuroscope
Futuroscope, or Parc du Futuroscope (French pronunciation: [paʁk dy fytyʁɔskɔp]), formerly known as Planète Futuroscope, is a French theme park based upon multimedia, cinematographic, and audiovisual techniques. It has several 3D cinemas and a few 4D cinemas along with other attractions and shows, some of which are the only examples in the world.

It is located in the department of Vienne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Poitiers, in the communes of Chasseneuil-du-Poitou and Jaunay-Clan.

The park had 1.83 million visitors in 2015. In total, 50 million visitors have been to the park since it opened in 1987.

Vienne (department)
Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ vyen; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.
Kaznac
Kaznac (Serbian Cyrillic: казнац) was a court title of the state employee in medieval Bosnia and Serbia who was in charge for the treasury in the territory under his jurisdiction — kaznačina (казначина). The name of the title is derived from Serbo-Croatian word kazna (English: penalty). The kaznac was a financial-taxation service, translated into Latin camerarius (itself rendered "chamberlain").

In the Dečani chrysobulls, King Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–1331) mentioned that the court dignitaries present at the Dečani assembly were the kaznac, tepčija, vojvoda, sluga and stavilac.

The title of veliki kaznac (велики казнац, "grand kaznac") was later transformed into protovestijar.

Stavilac
Stavilac (Serbian Cyrillic: ставилац, literally meaning "placer") was a court title in Medieval Bosnia and Medieval Serbia in the Middle Ages. It was similar to the Byzantine court offices of domestikos and cup-bearer (pinkernes, known in Serbian as peharnik). It had a role in the ceremony at the royal table, though the holder could be entrusted with jobs that had nothing to do with court rituals. According to studies of Rade Mihaljčić, the holder was in charge of acquiring, preparing and serving food at the royal table. It was a confidant duty, given to the highest and most notable nobility, which the ruler relied on in all occasions.
Skara Brae (band)
Skara Brae were an Irish traditional music group from Kells, County Meath with origins in Ranafast (Rann na Feirste), County Donegal. The group consisted of three siblings, Mícheál Ó Domhnaill, Tríona Ní Dhomhnaill, and Maighread Ní Dhomhnaill, with Dáithí Sproule from Derry. Their debut and only album Skara Brae is considered a seminal album in the Irish music tradition.

Tríona Ní Dhomhnaill
Tríona Ní Dhomhnaill (borm 1953) is an acclaimed Irish traditional singer, keyboard player, and composer. She is considered one of the most influential female vocalists in the history of Irish music. Throughout her career, Tríona Ní Dhomhnaill has worked with renowned traditional Irish groups such as Skara Brae, The Bothy Band, and Nightnoise. In February 2024 it was announced that she was to be recognised with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 6th RTÉ Radio 1 Folk Awards.
Nagyrév culture
The Nagyrév culture was a Bronze-Age culture that existed in what is now Nagyrév, Hungary. It existed alongside the Vatya culture and Hatvan cultures and was eventually superseded by the latter. The main style of pottery was a one or two handed cup with a tall funnel neck that is made in a black burnished ware. The earliest phase of the culture is also known as the Makó culture.

Vatya culture
The Vatya culture was an archaeological culture of the Early to Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2000-1400 BC), located in the central Danube basin in Hungary. The culture developed from the Nagyrév culture with influences from the Kisapostag culture. It is primarily known for its fortified settlements, cremation burial sites, and bronze production. The Vatya culture was eventually succeeded by the Urnfield culture.

Százhalombatta-Földvár, situated along the Danube River in Hungary, was a significant fortified settlement of the Vatya culture, with occupation layers reaching up to 6 meters deep.
The Women's Balcony
The Women's Balcony (Hebrew: ישמח חתני) is a 2016 Israeli comedy film directed by Emil Ben-Shimon. The film stars Evelin Hagoel, Yigal Naor, Orna Banai and Aviv Alush. The film follows a Mizrahi synagogue congregation in Jerusalem's Bukharan Quarter. The congregation is in disarray from building damage to their synagogue. A charismatic and handsome young rabbi (Alush) promises to rebuild the synagogue, but seeks to move the community in a far more conservative direction.

A major critical and commercial success, The Women's Balcony was nominated for six Ophir Awards in Israel.

Aviv Alush
Avraham Aviv Alush (Hebrew: אברהם אביב אלוש; born (1982-06-12)12 June 1982) is an Israeli actor, musician, model, and television host. He is best known for playing Amos Dahari "The Baker"  in the Israeli series Beauty and the Baker (Lehiyot Ita), and as Jesus in the American film The Shack (2017). He also played a leading role in the Israeli series Valley of Tears (2020).
Superman: A Tale of Five Cities
Superman og Fredsbomben (translation: Superman and the Peace Bomb) or Superman: A Tale of Five Cities is a large prestige format 48-page graphic novel published by Danish publisher Interpresse in 1990. In celebration of Superman's 50th anniversary in 1988, DC Comics incentivized overseas publishers to produce an original story with the Man of Steel. Only the Interpresse editors from Denmark attended the call, comic book translator and writer Niels Søndergaard wrote the story featuring Clark Kent and Lois Lane in a Cold War adventure where Superman needs to thwart a Lex Luthor plan to control all nuclear bombs in Europe. The storyline presents the Man of Steel visiting five capitals from northern Europe and Scandinavia: Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm and Helsinki. The art and colors are provided by Teddy Kristiansen and the lettering by Rebecca Løwe. It was dedicated to Danish editors Henning Kure and Ove Høyer, pioneers of the superhero comics in Denmark.

Interpresse
Interpresse, later known as Semic Interpresse, was a Danish comic book publisher that operated from 1954 to 1997. Known for original comics as well as translated American and European titles, it was an innovative and creative publisher with a dominant position in the Danish market especially from the early 1970s — when interest in comics culminated — until the mid-1980s — when competition from home video, computer games, and computer animation changed the marketplace. The company had foreign branches in Belgium and Norway (and for a short time in France); it also acquired a number of Danish competitors in the 1970s and '80s.

Danish creators associated with Interpresse included Peter Madsen, Freddy Milton, and Teddy Kristiansen.
Macho River
The Macho River is a tributary of the Mégiscane River, flowing in Quebec, Canada, in the territories of:

Eeyou Istchee James Bay (Municipality), in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec;

Senneterre, in La Vallée-de-l'Or Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue, where the course of the river crosses successively the cantons of Souart, Masères, Closse, Maricourt and Berthelot.

The Macho River flows entirely in forested territory north-east of the La Vérendrye Wildlife Reserve and on the west side of Gouin Reservoir. Forestry is the main economic activity of this hydrographic slope; recreational tourism activities, second.

The surface of the river is usually frozen from mid-December to mid-April. The course of this river has a difference in height of only five meters.

Mégiscane River
The Mégiscane River is a tributary of Parent Lake (Abitibi). It flows in the Northwest of Quebec, in Canada, in the administrative regions of:

Mauricie: in the westernmost part of the town of La Tuque;

Abitibi-Témiscamingue: in the territory of Senneterre (parish), in Abitibi Regional County Municipality. Its mouth is located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Despinassy, Quebec.

The Mégiscane River is one of the most important rivers in the region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue. It has the reputation of being a privileged place to fish for sturgeon.

Forestry is the main economic activity of this watershed; recreational tourism activities come second. The surface of the river is generally frozen from mid-December to the end of April.
Ahmed Abdulahi Waayeel
Ahmed Abdulahi Waayeel (Somali: Axmed Cabdullaahi Waayeel, Arabic: احمد عبد اللّه واييل; died 3 December 2009) was a Somali politician who served as the Minister of Education in the Transitional Federal Government.

He was killed, along with Minister of Health Qamar Aden Ali and Minister of Higher Education Ibrahim Hassan Addow, in a suicide bombing at the Hotel Shamo in Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia, on 3 December 2009.

Qamar Aden Ali
Qamar Aden Ali (Somali: Qamar Aadan Cali, Arabic: قمر آدم علي) (b. 19 September 1957 – d. 3 December 2009) was a Somali lawyer and politician. She was assassinated whilst serving as the Minister of Health in the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia.
Ryan Roxie
Ryan Roxie (born Ryan Rosowicz, December 1, 1965) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter best known as a solo artist and for playing guitar with Alice Cooper, Casablanca, Gilby Clarke, and Slash's Snakepit. Roxie is the primary founder of the System-12 Guitar Method and also hosts the weekly In the Trenches with Ryan Roxie podcast.

Casablanca (band)
Casablanca is a Swedish rock band with members from several other notable groups: Josephine Forsman from the Sahara Hotnights (drums), Erik Stenemo from Melody Club (guitar), Anders Ljung from Space Age Baby Jane (vocals), Ryan Roxie from Roxy 77 (guitar), Mats Rubarth who previously played football professionally for AIK (bass), and Erik Almström from Bullet (guitar).

The band released three albums: their debut album Apocalyptic Youth in 2012, Riding a Black Swan in 2014, and concept album Miskatonic Graffiti in 2015.

In the final of Melodifestivalen 2010 they performed the 2009 winning song La Voix along with 2009 winner Malena Ernman. Later in the year they released the single Downtown.
Purdue University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
The Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) is a department-level school within the College of Engineering at Purdue University.

The school offers both undergraduate B.S. degree as well as M.S. and Ph.D. graduate degrees in Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering. The school enrolls over 1,900 undergraduates (sophomores through seniors) and over 1,300 graduate students. U.S. News & World Report ranks Purdue's Electrical Engineering 9th and Computer Engineering 10th at the Undergraduate level [America's Best Colleges 2023]. The Graduate programs in both Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering are ranked 9th [America's Best Graduate Schools 2023]
The online MS program in Electrical Engineering is ranked #1 in the nation (U.S. News & World Report, 2023).

Purdue University College of Engineering
40°25.86′N 86°54.87′W﻿ / ﻿40.43100°N 86.91450°W﻿ / 40.43100; -86.91450

The Purdue University College of Engineering is the engineering school of Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana.

Established in 2004, its forerunner began in 1874 with programs in Civil and Mechanical Engineering. The college now offers B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in more than a dozen disciplines. Purdue's engineering program has also educated 27 of America's astronauts, including Neil Armstrong and Eugene Cernan, who were the first and last astronauts to have walked on the Moon, respectively.
Infamous (2020 film)
Infamous is a 2020 American crime thriller film written and directed by Joshua Caldwell. It stars Bella Thorne, Jake Manley, Amber Riley, Michael Sirow and Marisa Coughlan. It follows the story of two young lovers robbing their way across the southern United States starting in Florida, posting their exploits to social media, and gaining fame and followers as a result.

The film was released on June 12, 2020, by Vertical Entertainment, and received negative reviews from critics, although Thorne's performance was praised.

Jake Manley
Jake Manley (born August 23, 1991) is a Canadian actor, best known for his roles as Jack Morton in the Netflix series The Order, Brad in the NBC series Heroes Reborn, Fisher Webb in the CW series iZombie, Shane in A Dog’s Journey (2019), George Waller in Brotherhood (2019), Dean Taylor in Infamous (2020), and York in Holidate (2020).
Roman Izyaev
Roman Savievich Izyaev (Russian: Роман Савиевич Изъяев; Hebrew: ;רומן איזאייב January 29, 1940 - April 29, 2018) was a Soviet, Russian and Israeli stage actor, artistic director, screenwriter and scenic designer of the Judeo-Tat theatre. For his contributions to the development of domestic theatrical art and many years of creative activity awarded with the Order of the Badge of Honour (1985). Founder and artistic director of the first Judeo-Tat language theater "Rambam" in Israel (2001-2017). He has performed with his theater in many cities in Russia, Israel, Azerbaijan, Canada and the United States.

Judeo-Tat Theatre
The Judeo-Tat Theatre in Derbent, Dagestan, Russia, specializes in staging plays centered on the lives of Mountain Jews, primarily created by members of the community. The performances are conducted in the Judeo-Tat language (Juhuri).