hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vijyoshi (National Science Camp)
Vijyoshi is an annual national science camp in India organised by KVPY in collaboration with INSPIRE programme, IISc Bangalore and IISER-Kolkata (IISER Bhopal in 2018). It is an abbreviation for Vigyan Jyoti Shivir. It started in the year 2009 and is funded by the Department of Science and Technology (India). The aim of Vijyoshi Camp is to provide a forum for interactions between bright young students and leading researchers in various branches of Science and Mathematics.

The programme includes lectures sessions followed by discussion sessions. The speakers at this camp are eminent scientists and mathematicians. Participants of this programme include KVPY fellows, INSPIRE scholars, 1st year science undergraduates studying in IISc, IISER's, IIT's, NISER and other central universities. In 2014 the camp was hosted by two institutions- IISc and IISER- Kolkata. A total of about 1200 students attended the camp in 2014.

Indian Institute of Science
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) is a public, deemed, research university for higher education and research in science, engineering, design, and management. It is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The institute was established in 1909 with active support from Jamsetji Tata and thus is also locally known as the Tata Institute. It was granted a deemed university status in 1958 and recognized as an Institute of Eminence in 2018.
Catalan Company
The Catalan Company or the Great Catalan Company (Catalan: Gran Companyia Catalana; Societas exercitus catalanorum, Societas cathalanorum, or Magna Societas Catalanorum) was a company of mercenaries led by Roger de Flor in the early 14th century and hired by Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos to combat the increasing power of the Anatolian beyliks. It was formed by almogavar veterans of the War of the Sicilian Vespers, who had remained unemployed after the signing in 1302 of the Peace of Caltabellotta between the Crown of Aragon and the French dynasty of the Angevins.

Andronikos II Palaiologos
Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Andrónikos Doúkās Ángelos Komnēnós Palaiológos; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328. His reign marked the beginning of the recently restored empire's final decline. The Turks conquered most of Byzantium's remaining Anatolian territories, and Andronikos spent the last years of his reign fighting his own grandson in the First Palaiologan Civil War. The war ended in Andronikos' forced abdication in 1328, after which he retired to a monastery for the remainder of his life.
Frederick Lothrop Ames Jr.
Frederick Lothrop Ames Jr. (July 23, 1876 – June 19, 1921) was a Massachusetts financier and socialite. He was the great-grandson of Oliver Ames, who established the Ames Shovel Company, grandson of Oliver Ames Jr., and son of Frederick Lothrop Ames.

Oliver Ames Sr.
Oliver Ames Sr. (April 11, 1779 – September 11, 1863) was the family patriarch of the Ames family of Easton, Massachusetts. He established the family shovel business, which over generations grew to become one of the largest family fortunes in New England.
Prairie Prince
Charles Lempriere "Prairie" Prince (born May 7, 1950) is an American drummer and visual artist. He came to prominence in the 1970s as a member of the San Francisco-based rock group The Tubes, was a member of Jefferson Starship from 1992 to 2008 and has worked with a wide range of other performers as a session musician.

The Tubes
The Tubes are a San Francisco-based rock band. Their self-titled 1975 debut album included the single "White Punks on Dope", while their 1983 single "She's a Beauty" was a top-10 U.S. hit and its music video was frequently played in the early days of MTV. The band also performed in the 1980 film Xanadu, singing the rock portion of the cross-genre song "Dancin'" opposite a big band.
Penske Automotive Group
Penske Automotive Group, Inc. (PAG) is an American transportation services company headquartered in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. It operates automotive and commercial truck dealers principally in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, and distributes commercial vehicles, engines, power systems, and related parts and services principally in Australia and New Zealand. Additionally, PAG owns 28.9% of Penske Transportation Solutions, a business that manages a fleet of over 400,000 trucks, tractors, and trailers. PAG is a member of the Fortune 500, Russell 1000, and Russell 3000 indexes.

Penske Corporation
Penske Corporation, Inc. (/pɛn.skiː/) is an American diversified transportation services company based in Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Roger Penske is the founder and chairman of the privately held company, and Rob Kurnick is the president. Penske operates in the automotive retail, truck leasing, transportation, logistics, and motorsports industries. Penske operates in over 3,200 locations and employs more than 70,000 people globally.
Soyuz TMA-14M
Soyuz TMA-14M was a 2014 flight to the International Space Station. It transported three members of the Expedition 41 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-14M is the 123rd flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first flight launching in 1967. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station for the Expedition 42 increment to serve as an emergency escape vehicle until undocking and landing as scheduled in March 2015.

Expedition 42
Expedition 42 was the 42nd expedition to the International Space Station. It began on 10 November 2014 with the undocking of Soyuz TMA-13M, returning the crew of Expedition 41 to Earth and ended with the undocking of Soyuz TMA-14M on 11 March 2015.
Japan Patent Office
35°40′15.56″N 139°44′45.15″E﻿ / ﻿35.6709889°N 139.7458750°E﻿ / 35.6709889; 139.7458750

The Japan Patent Office (特許庁, Tokkyochō; JPO) is a Japanese governmental agency in charge of industrial property right affairs, under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The Japan Patent Office is located in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo and is one of the world's largest patent offices. The Japan Patent Office's mission is to promote the growth of the Japanese economy and industry by administering the laws relating to patents, utility models, designs, and trademarks. Copyright affairs are administered by the Agency for Cultural Affairs.

The current Commissioner of the JPO is Koichi Hamano.

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (経済産業省, Keizai-sangyō-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Economy and Industry'; METI) is a ministry of the Government of Japan. It was created by the 2001 Central Government Reform when the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) merged with agencies from other ministries related to economic activities, such as the Economic Planning Agency.

METI has jurisdiction over a broad policy area, containing Japan's industrial/trade policies, energy security, control of arms exports, "Cool Japan", etc.

The Ministry has its headquarters in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo. Its current head is Ryosei Akazawa, who was appointed minister by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi in October 2025.
Exiting Arm
Exiting Arm (stylized as ExitingARM) is the third studio album by American hip hop sextet Subtle. It was released on Lex Records in 2008. It is "the latest chapter in the story of Hour Hero Yes, the middle-class rapper whose rise and struggles are chronicled told on 2004's A New White and 2006's For Hero: For Fool."

Subtle (band)
Subtle was an alternative hip hop sextet from Oakland, California. It consisted of Adam Drucker (Doseone), Jeffrey Logan (Jel), Dax Pierson, Jordan Dalrymple, Alexander Kort, and Marty Dowers. The band was formed in 2001. While considered by the artists to be "genreless", Subtle had close ties to the hip hop and indie music scene. Although both Doseone and Jel are members of Anticon collective, Subtle was not on the Anticon label roster. Subtle was signed to Lex Records.
Pennsylvania Route 858
Pennsylvania Route 858 (PA 858, designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as SR 0858) is a 16.465-mile-long (26.498 km) state highway located in Susquehanna County in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 706 in Rush Township.  The northern terminus is the New York state line in Little Meadows. The route from there continues into Tioga County as County Route 41 (CR 41). The route was assigned in 1928, completed a year later, and has remained the same since, with an exception of its southern terminus changing designations from PA 67.

Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania
Susquehanna County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,434 Its county seat is Montrose. The county was created on February 21, 1810, from part of Luzerne County and later organized in 1812. It is named for the Susquehanna River. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.
Rowan Rheingans
Rowan Rheingans is an English folk vocalist, musician and songwriter who plays the fiddle and banjo. She is a member of the folk vocal harmony trio Lady Maisery, the Anglo-Scottish music project Songs of Separation, and of the duo The Rheingans Sisters (with her sister Anna). She has won two BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards: for the Best Original Track Mackerel in 2016 and for Best Album in 2017.

Songs of Separation
Songs of Separation was a music project created in the aftermath of the 2014 Scottish independence referendum to explore through the medium of music ideas of separation. It was organised by double-bass player Jenny Hill and brought together ten female folk musicians from Scotland and England for one week in June 2015 on the Isle of Eigg. The resulting album won the "Best Album" category in the 2017 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards.
Lucky Ones (album)
Lucky Ones is the third studio album by American country music artist Pat Green. His final album for Universal Records, it was released in 2004, and it produced three singles for him on the Billboard country charts: "Don't Break My Heart Again" (No. 21), "Somewhere Between Texas and Mexico" (No. 42) and "Baby Doll" (No. 21). "One Thing" was written by Jack Ingram, who previously recorded it on his 2002 album Electric.

Pat Green
Patrick Craven Green (born April 5, 1972) is an American country music artist. Active since 1995, he has recorded seven studio albums including three with Republic Records and two for BNA Records. Fifteen of his singles charted on Billboard Hot Country Songs. "Wave on Wave" (No. 3) from his gold-certified album of the same name performed the best.
Fred Plum
Fred Plum (January 10, 1924 – June 11, 2010) was an American neurologist who developed the terms "persistent vegetative state" and "locked-in syndrome" as part of his continuing research on consciousness and comas and care of the comatose.

Vegetative state
A vegetative state (VS)  or post-coma unresponsiveness (PCU) is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. After four weeks in a vegetative state, the patient is classified as being in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). This diagnosis is classified as a permanent vegetative state some months (three in the US and six in the UK) after a non-traumatic brain injury or one year after a traumatic injury. The term unresponsive wakefulness syndrome may be used alternatively, as "vegetative state" has some negative connotations among the public. It is occasionally also called Apallic syndrome or Apallisches syndrome, borrowings from German, primarily in European or older sources.
Newark Broad Street station (Central Railroad of New Jersey)
Newark Broad Street station was a railway terminal in Newark, New Jersey at the western end of the Newark and New York Branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The station was located on Broad Street, near  Four Corners. It was approximately 2,500 feet (760 m) west of the Pennsylvania Railroad's Newark Penn Station and 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad's Newark Broad Street station. The building was constructed in 1917, replacing an earlier structure. The station closed in 1967 as part of the Aldene Plan. The Prudential Center arena occupies most of the site. The head house on Broad Street remains and is contributing property of the Four Corners Historic District.

Prudential Center
Prudential Center is a multipurpose indoor arena in Newark, New Jersey, United States. Opened in 2007, it is the home of the New Jersey Devils of the National Hockey League (NHL), the New York Sirens of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL), and the men's basketball program of Seton Hall University. By 2023, it was among the top five concert venues worldwide by earnings. The arena is owned by the Newark Housing Authority and operated by Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment (HBSE), owners of the Devils.
49ers–Cardinals rivalry
The 49ers–Cardinals rivalry is a National Football League (NFL) rivalry between the San Francisco 49ers and Arizona Cardinals.

After the AAFC-NFL merger, the 49ers and Cardinals faced off for the first time in the 1951 season, when the Cardinals were based in Chicago. Both teams engaged in sporadic matchups leading up to the 2000 season. During that period, the Cardinals relocated to St. Louis and subsequently, in the 1988 season, they relocated to Phoenix, Arizona, establishing themselves as a Western team. Following the NFL realignment in 2002, the Cardinals joined the NFC West, thus becoming divisional rivals with the 49ers. The rivalry is a closely contested series, particularly after the realignment. The Cardinals are the only team in the NFC the 49ers have not met in the playoffs.

The 49ers lead the overall series, 38–31. The two teams have not met in the playoffs.

NFC West
The National Football Conference – Western Division or NFC West  is one of the four divisions of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). It currently has four members: the Arizona Cardinals, the Los Angeles Rams, the San Francisco 49ers, and the Seattle Seahawks.
Google Pixel
Google Pixel is a brand of portable consumer electronic devices that is developed by Google that runs the Pixel version of the Android operating system or the ChromeOS operating system. The primary line of Pixel products consists of Android-powered smartphones, produced since October 2016 as the replacement for the older Nexus line, with the current models being the Pixel 10, Pixel 10 Pro, Pixel 10 Pro XL, Pixel 10 Pro Fold, and Pixel 10a. The Pixel brand also includes laptop and tablet computers, as well as several accessories, and was originally introduced in February 2013 with the Chromebook Pixel.

Pixel 10
The Pixel 10 is an Android smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Google as part of the Google Pixel product line. It is the successor to the Pixel 9, with a modest facelift to the design introduced with that series. It features the Google Tensor G5 system-on-chip, a new Qi2-ready Pixelsnap magnetic accessory support, and Gemini-powered artificial intelligence features, and comes pre-installed with Android 16 and newly-added Material 3 Expressive UI theming.
Luke Appling
Lucius Benjamin Appling (April 2, 1907 – January 3, 1991), nicknamed "Old Aches and Pains", was an American professional baseball shortstop who played 20 seasons in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox (1930–1950). He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1964.

Born in North Carolina, Appling briefly attended Oglethorpe College. He was signed by the minor league Atlanta Crackers in 1930 and debuted with the Chicago White Sox later that year. He interrupted his career to serve in World War II in 1944 and 1945. He played for Chicago until 1950, then was a minor league manager and major league coach for many years. He served one stint as an interim major league manager in 1967. He died in Georgia in 1991.

Atlanta Crackers
The Atlanta Crackers were a Minor League Baseball team based in Atlanta, Georgia, between 1901 and 1965. The Crackers were Atlanta's home team until the Atlanta Braves moved from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1966.
Anna of Kashin
Anna of Kashin (Russian: Анна Кашинская; c. 1280 – 2 October 1368) was the princess consort of Mikhail of Tver. She is venerated as a saint and Right-Believing princess, patroness of Kashin and Tver.

She is known both for her dramatic lifetime fate (the death of almost all relatives during internecine strife) and for no less complicated posthumous vicissitudes: she was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1650, but the struggle of the times of the schism of the Russian Church in the 17th century led to her decanonization in 1677 — a precedent in the history of the Russian Church. However, in 1908, her sainthood was officially restored by Nicholas II. On next year, crowded celebrations in Kashin were held on the occasion of the restoration of the veneration.

Kashin (town)
Kashin (Russian: Ка́шин) is a town and the administrative center of Kashinsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located around a rural agricultural area on the Kashinka River (Volga's tributary). Population: 16,171 (2010 Census); 17,299 (2002 Census); 21,186 (1989 Soviet census); 18,000 (1970).
Miriam Katin
Miriam Katin (born 1942) is a Hungarian-born American graphic novelist and graphic artist. She worked in animation from 1981 to 2000 in Israel and the United States. She has written two autobiographical graphic novels, We Are on Our Own (2006) and Letting It Go (2013). She has won an Inkpot Award and the Prix de la critique.

Prix de la critique
The Prix de la critique is a prize awarded by the Association des Critiques et des journalistes de Bande Dessinée to the best comic album released for a year in France. Previously, from 1984 to 2003, it was called Prix Bloody Mary and awarded at the Angoulême International Comics Festival. Concerned at first with albums of the Franco-Belgian comics school it was eventually interested in works coming from the comic book tradition of more distant lands.

The winner of the award for that year is listed first, the others listed below are the nominees.
Flying Fifty-Five
Flying Fifty-Five is a 1939 British sports-drama film directed by Reginald Denham and starring  Derrick De Marney, Nancy Burne, Marius Goring, John Warwick and Peter Gawthorne. It was made by Admiral Films at Welwyn Studios. The film is based on a 1922 novel of the same name by Edgar Wallace which had previously been made into a 1924 silent film The Flying Fifty-Five.

Peter Gawthorne
Peter Gawthorne (1 September 1884 – 17 March 1962) was an Anglo-Irish actor, probably best known for his roles in the films of Will Hay and other popular British comedians of the 1930s and 1940s. Gawthorne was one of Britain's most called-upon supporting actors during this period.
Kevin A. Lynch
Kevin Andrew Lynch (January 7, 1918 – April 25, 1984) was an American urban planner and author. He is known for his work on the perceptual form of urban environments and was an early proponent of mental mapping. His most influential books include The Image of the City (1960), a seminal work on the perceptual form of urban environments, and What Time is This Place? (1972), which theorizes how the physical environment captures and refigures temporal processes.

A student of architect Frank Lloyd Wright before training in city planning, Lynch spent his academic career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, teaching there from 1948 to 1978. He practiced site planning and urban design professionally with Carr/Lynch Associates, later known as Carr, Lynch, and Sandell.

The Image of the City
The Image of the City is a 1960 book by American urban theorist Kevin Lynch. The book is the result of a five-year study of Boston, Jersey City and Los Angeles on how observers take in information of the city, and use it to make mental maps. Lynch's conclusion was that people formed mental maps of their surroundings consisting of five basic elements. The book is Lynch's most well-known work, and some compares its importance in city building to Camillo Sitte’s The Art of Building Cities.
David Ward (rugby league)
David J. Ward (born 16 December 1953) is an English former rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s, and coached in the 1980s and 1990s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Leeds, as a hooker, and coached at club level for Hunslet (two spells), Leeds, Batley (two spells), and Featherstone Rovers. He won a total of 12 Great Britain caps.

Featherstone Rovers
Featherstone Rovers is a professional rugby league club in Featherstone, West Yorkshire, England. The club last competed in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league, but were not granted RFL membership for the 2026 season due to the club's financial difficulties.

Featherstone Rovers won the League Championship once and Challenge Cup three times.

The club played home games at Post Office Road. Their local rivals were Castleford and Wakefield Trinity, and in the Championship, Halifax. The club's traditional home colours were white with blue hoops.
Shalini Ente Koottukari
Shaalini Ente Koottukaari is a 1978 Indian Malayalam film, written by Padmarajan and directed by Mohan. The film is loosely based on a story of Padmarajan named "Parvathikutty". The film stars Venu Nagavally, Shobha, Jalaja and Sukumaran in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan. The movie is about the friendship between two young girls named Shalini and Ammu. When Shobha committed suicide, the movie was running successfully at the box office. The film was remade in Tamil as Sujatha (1980).

G. Devarajan
Paravoor Govindan Devarajan (1927–2006), popularly known as G. Devarajan or Devarajan master, was an Indian music composer and Carnatic vocalist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Malayalam film music, as well as being a highly respected figure among South Indian film musicians as a whole. He scored music for more than 300 Malayalam films, many dramas, and twenty Tamil and four Kannada movies. His collaborations with Vayalar Ramavarma produced the golden era of Malayalam film music and many of his compositions remain evergreen classics in Malayalam. His music in the Tamil film Annai Velankanni has received many accolades. Devarajan received Kerala Government's Best Music Director award five times, among other honours. In 1999, he was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.
Martin O'Donnell (snooker player)
Martin O'Donnell (born 4 June 1986) is an English professional snooker player. He gained a two-year place on the main snooker tour by coming through the 2012 Q School. He finished with the most points during the Q Tour of the 2022–23 season and gained a two-year tour card as a result. He is known as "The Minister of Defence" because his initials spell out "MoD", in what is jocularly taken as a reference to the UK government body responsible for the Armed Forces.

2012 Q School
The 2012 Q School was a series of three snooker tournaments held at the start of the 2012–13 snooker season. An event for amateur players, it served as a qualification event for a place on the professional World Snooker Tour for the following two seasons. The events took place in May 2012 at the World Snooker Academy in Sheffield, England with a total 12 players qualifying via the three tournaments.