hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jack Carkeek
Jack Carkeek, (January 22, 1861 – March 12, 1924) was an American wrestler from Rockland, Michigan. He was a champion in Cornish wrestling and Lancashire catch-as-catch-can wrestling. He died March 12, 1924, in Havana, Cuba.

He was the son of Tom Carkeek and his mother was first cousin to the actor Sir Henry Irving. Tom was born in Plain-an-Gwarry, Redruth in Cornwall was said to weigh 17 stone, was a champion of Cornish wrestling in the 1860s and was the world Cornish wrestling champion in 1875. It was said that he won 528 consecutive Cornish wrestling matches without defeat and won 88 prizes.

Jack made his first appearance at Michigamme, Michigan, on July 5, 1877, at age 16. There, he won the fourth prize in a tournament of 64 entries. In 1887, Jack Carkeek and John Pearce (the Cornish champion from Cornwall for five years) met for the World Championship of Cornish wrestling in Redruth, Cornwall.

Redruth
Redruth (/rəˈdruːθ/ rə-DROOTH, Cornish: Resrudh) is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England. Redruth lies approximately at the junction of the A393 and A3047 roads, on the route of the old London to Land's End trunk road (now the A30), and is approximately  9 miles (14 km) west of Truro, 12 miles (19 km) east of St Ives, 18 miles (29 km) north east of Penzance and 11 miles (18 km) north west of Falmouth. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 15,626 and the population of the built up area was 15,455.
Willem de Vlamingh
Willem Hesselsz de Vlamingh (baptized 28 November 1640 – after 7 August 1702) was a Dutch sea captain who explored the central west coast of New Holland (Australia) in the late 17th century, where he landed in what is now Perth on the Swan River. The purpose of the mission was to look for survivors of the Ridderschap van Holland: this effort proved fruitless, but de Vlamingh charted parts of the continent's western coast.

Ridderschap van Holland (1682)
Ridderschap van Holland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɪdərsxɑp fɑn ˈɦɔlɑnt]; lit. 'Knighthood of Holland') was a large retourschip (lit. 'return ship'), the largest class of merchantmen built by the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, commonly abbreviated to VOC) to trade with the East Indies. In 1694 the ship sailed for Batavia (now Jakarta, Indonesia) on her fifth voyage, but was never heard from again. She is now thought to have been shipwrecked off the west coast of Australia.
Nuller
A nuller is an optical tool used to block a strong source so that fainter signals near that source can be observed. An example of a nuller is being employed on the Keck Interferometer. This causes the light from a star to destructively interfere, effectively cancelling the star's image. As a result, the faint light from a ring of dust orbiting the star can then be detected. This project is part of a scientific effort to detect and observe nearby planets.

W. M. Keck Observatory
The W. M. Keck Observatory is an astronomical observatory with two telescopes at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Both telescopes have 10 m (33 ft) aperture primary mirrors, and, when completed in 1993 (Keck I) and 1996 (Keck II), they were the largest optical reflecting telescopes in the world. They have been the third and fourth largest since 2006.
T-Men
T-Men is a 1947 semidocumentary and police procedural style film noir about United States Treasury agents.  The film was directed by Anthony Mann and shot by noted noir cameraman John Alton. The production features Dennis O'Keefe, Mary Meade, Alfred Ryder, Wallace Ford, June Lockhart and Charles McGraw. A year later, director Mann used the film's male lead, Dennis O'Keefe, in Raw Deal.

The film was endorsed by the U.S. Treasury Department: the opening credits are displayed over an image of the department's seal, then former Chief Coordinator of the department's six agencies Elmer Lincoln Irey delivers a monologue describing the objectives of those agencies and lauding their accomplishments. He describes the movie as a composite case from its files entitled "The Shanghai Paper Case".

John Alton
John Alton (born Johann Jacob Altmann; October 5, 1901 – June 2, 1996) was an American cinematographer of Hungarian-German origin. Alton photographed some of the most famous films noir of the classic period and won an Academy Award for the cinematography of An American in Paris (1951), becoming the first Hungarian-born person to do so in the cinematography category. He also worked as a director during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema.
Hōjō Masako
Hōjō Masako (北条 政子; 1157 – August 16, 1225) was a Japanese female samurai (onna-musha) and politician who exercised significant power in the early years of the Kamakura period, which was reflected by her contemporary sobriquet of the "nun shogun". She was the wife of Minamoto no Yoritomo, and mother of Minamoto no Yoriie and Minamoto no Sanetomo, the first, second and third shoguns of the Kamakura shogunate, respectively. She was the eldest daughter of Hōjō Tokimasa and sister of Hōjō Yoshitoki, both of them shikken of the Kamakura shogunate.

Shikken
The shikken (執権; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕi̥k.keɴ]) was a senior government post held by members of the Hōjō clan, officially a regent of the shogunate. From 1199 to 1333, during the Kamakura period, the shikken served as the head of the bakufu (shogun's government). This era was referred to as Regent Rule (執権政治, Shikken Seiji).

During roughly the first half of that period, the shikken was the de facto military dictator of Japan (excluding the independent Northern Fujiwara). In 1256 the title of shikken was relegated to the second in command of the Tokusō (a separate rank also monopolized by the Hojō clan). By the Muromachi period (1333–1573) the position, though not abolished, had lost much of its power and was no longer considered as one of the top ranks. The position was abolished after the Muromachi period.
Leszek II the Black
Leszek II the Black (c. 1241 – 30 September 1288) was a Polish prince of the House of Piast, Duke of Sieradz since 1261, Duke of Łęczyca since 1267, Duke of Inowrocław from 1273 to 1278, Duke of Sandomierz and High Duke of Poland from 1279 until his death.

Łęczyca
Łęczyca (pronounced [wɛnˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa]; in full the Royal Town of Łęczyca, Polish: Królewskie Miasto Łęczyca; German: Lentschitza; Yiddish: לונטשיץ, romanized: Lintshits, Luntshits) is a town of 13,587 inhabitants in central Poland. Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the county seat of the Łęczyca County. Łęczyca is a capital of the historical Łęczyca Land.
Taonga pūoro
Taonga pūoro are the traditional musical instruments of the Māori people of New Zealand.

The instruments previously fulfilled many functions within Māori society including a call to arms, announcing the dawning of the new day, communications with the gods, and the planting of crops. They are significant in sacred rituals and also fulfill a story-telling role. Many of the sounds of the instruments and tunes are imitations of the sounds of nature, including the wind, the seas and the natural world of birds and insects.

Knowledge of taonga pūoro'has been revived over the past thirty years by Hirini Melbourne, Richard Nunns, Brian Flintoff, and expert stone carver Clem Mellish.

Richard Nunns
Richard Anthony Nunns QSM (7 December 1945 – 7 June 2021) was a Māori traditional instrumentalist of Pākehā heritage. He was particularly known for playing taonga pūoro and his collaboration with fellow Māori instrumentalist Hirini Melbourne. After Melbourne's death, he was regarded as the world's foremost authority on Māori instruments.
44th Venice International Film Festival
The 44th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 29 August to 9 September 1987.

Greek actress and singer Irene Papas was the Jury President of the main competition. The Golden Lion winner was Au revoir les enfants directed by Louis Malle.

Au revoir les enfants
Au revoir les enfants (French pronunciation: [o ʁə.vwaʁ le zɑ̃.fɑ̃], meaning "Goodbye, Children") is an autobiographical 1987 film written, produced, and directed by Louis Malle. It is based on the actions of Père Jacques, a French priest and headmaster who attempted to shelter Jewish children during the Holocaust. The film won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival.
Austin Turfcats
The Austin Turfcats were a professional indoor football team based in Austin, Texas. The Turfcats were a member of the Indoor Football League (IFL) during the 2010 season, after being a charter member of the Southern Indoor Football League (SIFL) during their inaugural 2009 season. The Turfcats played their home games at Luedecke Arena at the Travis County Exposition Center. This was Austin's fourth attempt at an indoor football team; the prior three were the Indoor Professional Football League's Texas Terminators (1999), the National Indoor Football League's Austin Knights/Rockers (2002–2003), and the Arena Football League (later af2's) Austin Wranglers (2004–2008) (the former two of which played in Luedecke Arena before the Turfcats).

Southern Indoor Football League
The Southern Indoor Football League (SIFL) was an indoor football league based in the Southern and Eastern United States. The most recent incarnation of the league was a consolidation of an earlier league of the same name that was formed by Thom Hager along with Dan Blum, Robert Winfrey and Dan Ryan in 2009 and the American Indoor Football Association, which traces its roots to the founding of the Atlantic Indoor Football League in 2005. The SIFL broke up into three regional leagues after the 2011 season.
Insarsky Uyezd
Insarsky Uyezd (Инсарский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Penza Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Insar. In terms of present-day administrative borders, the territory of Insarsky Uyezd is divided between the Insarsky, Kadoshkinsky, Kovylkinsky, Lyambirsky, Ruzayevsky and Staroshaygovsky districts of Mordovia and Issinsky District of Penza Oblast.

Penza Governorate
Penza Governorate (Russian: Пензенская губерния, romanized: Penzenskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, located in the Volga Region. It existed from 1780 to 1797 and again from 1801 to 1928; its capital was in Penza.
Rumcajs
Gallant robber Rumcajs (Czech: Loupežník Rumcajs, [ˈrumtsajs]), his wife Manka, and their son, little robber Cipísek ['tsɪpiːsɛk] are fictional characters popularized by two children's animated television series broadcast as part of the Večerníček TV program in Czechoslovakia from 1967 to 1984, 52 episodes in total. The series were designed by Czech writer Václav Čtvrtek and artist Radek Pilař. These stories were also published in book form.

Václav Čtvrtek
Children's literature portal

Václav Cafourek (4 April 1911 – 6 November 1976), commonly known under his pen name of Václav Čtvrtek, was a Czech poet and author. His most famous works include Křemílek and Vochomůrka, Rumcajs and Víla Amálka. He primarily wrote fairy tales for children, and some of his works have been adapted on the Czech children's television program Večerníček. On 4 April 2011, Google celebrated his 100th birthday by replacing the original Google logo with a doodle celebrating his works for a day on Google Czech Republic.
Muir, Pennsylvania
Muir is a census-designated place located in Porter Township, Schuylkill County in the state of Pennsylvania, United States.  Muir was part of the Reinerton-Orwin-Muir CDP at the 2000 census before splitting into three individual CDPs for the 2010 census.  The other communities, along with Muir are Reinerton and Orwin.  The community is located near the borough of Tower City along U.S. Route 209.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 429.

Reinerton, Pennsylvania
Reinerton is a census-designated place located in Porter Township, Schuylkill County in the state of Pennsylvania, United States. Reinerton was part of the Reinerton-Orwin-Muir CDP at the 2000 census before splitting into three individual CDPs for the 2010 census.  The other communities, along with Reinerton are Orwin and Muir.  The community is located near the community of Muir along U.S. Route 209.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 456 residents.
Mark Walsh (darts player)
Mark Walsh (born 2 February 1965) is a former English professional darts player who competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) tournaments. He reached No. 6 in the PDC Order of Merit.

Walsh reached his first major televised final in 2005, when he was beaten by Phil Taylor in the UK Open.

Terry Jenkins
Terry Jenkins (born 26 September 1963) is an English former professional darts player who was nicknamed the Bull, having previously used the name "Tucker" for his matches. He reached a peak ranking of world number four in the darts world rankings and was a runner-up in nine major PDC televised finals.
Katsuk Peak
Katsuk Peak, elevation 8,680+ ft (2,650+ m), is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington. Katsuk Peak is a summit along a ridge known as Jagged Edge. Katsuk Glacier is on the north slopes of the peak. Katsuk Peak is separated from Mesahchie Peak by a distance of only .25 mi (0.40 km).

Mesahchie Peak
Mesahchie Peak (8,795 feet (2,681 m)) is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington. Mesahchie Peak is named after the Chinook word for wicked. Mesahchie Peak is the highest summit along a ridge known as Ragged Ridge and is only .25 mi (0.40 km) east of Katsuk Peak. Both the Katsuk and Mesahchie Glaciers descended down the northwest and northeast flanks of the peak respectively.
Joe Dirt
Joe Dirt is a 2001 American adventure comedy film, directed by Dennie Gordon (in her feature film directorial debut), starring David Spade, Dennis Miller, Christopher Walken, Adam Beach, Brian Thompson, Brittany Daniel, Jaime Pressly, Erik Per Sullivan, and Kid Rock. The film was written by Spade and Fred Wolf, and produced by Robert Simonds.

The plot revolves around a poor young man, Joe Dirt, who at first seems to be a loser. As he travels in search of his parents, his finer qualities are increasingly revealed. He ends up with a new family of close friends, people he has helped and who respect him.

While critical reception was mostly negative, the film was a modest financial success, eventually becoming a cult favorite.

A sequel, Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser, premiered on Crackle on July 16, 2015.

Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser
Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser is a 2015 American  comedy television film directed by Fred Wolf and written by Wolf and David Spade. It is the sequel to the 2001 film Joe Dirt. The film stars Spade, reprising his role as the title character, as well as starring Brittany Daniel, Patrick Warburton, Mark McGrath, Dennis Miller, Christopher Walken, and Adam Beach. The film premiered on Crackle on July 16, 2015.
Toyota Sera
The Toyota Sera (model designation EXY10) is a 3-door 2+2 liftback coupe manufactured and marketed by Toyota from 1990 to 1995. It was only officially sold in Japan.

The Sera debuted in 1988 as the Toyota AXV-II concept car in a near production-ready form, and is noted for its mostly glass roof canopy and its butterfly doors, which tilt up and forward when open. A year later, the production-version Sera was presented at the 1989 Tokyo Motor Show. A vertically positioned and electrically automated model was also shown to demonstrate the butterfly doors and rear hatch in action.

"Sera" is derived from the future tense of the French verb "être," which means "to be."

Butterfly doors
Butterfly doors are a type of car door sometimes seen on high-performance cars. They are slightly different from scissor doors. While scissor doors move straight up via hinge points at the bottom of a car's A-pillar, butterfly doors move up and out via hinges along the A-pillar. This makes for easier entry and exit, at the expense of requiring more side clearance than needed for scissor doors.
Kurt Mahler
Kurt Mahler FRS (26 July 1903 – 25 February 1988) was a German mathematician who worked in the fields of transcendental number theory, diophantine approximation, p-adic analysis, and the geometry of numbers.

Transcendental number theory
Transcendental number theory is a branch of number theory that investigates transcendental numbers (numbers that are not solutions of any polynomial equation with rational coefficients), in both qualitative and quantitative ways.
(144898) 2004 VD17
(144898) 2004 VD17 (provisional designation 2004 VD17) is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group once thought to have a low probability of impacting Earth on 4 May 2102. It reached a Torino Scale rating of 2 and a Palermo scale rating of −0.25 (an impact hazard of about 56% of the background level). With an observation arc of 17 years it is known that closest Earth approach will occur two days earlier on 2 May 2102 at a distance of about 5.5 million km.

Torino scale
The Torino scale is a method for categorizing the impact hazard associated with near-Earth objects (NEOs) such as asteroids and comets. It is intended as a communication tool for astronomers and the public to assess the seriousness of collision predictions, by combining probability statistics and known kinetic damage potentials into a single threat value. The Palermo scale is a similar, but more complex scale.

Near-Earth objects with a Torino scale of 1 are discovered several times a year, and may last a few weeks until they have a longer observation arc that eliminates any possibility of a collision. The only objects on the Torino scale that have ever ranked higher are asteroids 99942 Apophis, which had a rating of 4 for four days in late 2004, the highest recorded rating; (144898) 2004 VD17, with a historical rating of 2 from February to May 2006; and 2024 YR4, with a rating of 3 from January 27, 2025 to February 20, 2025.
Semimetal
A semimetal is a material with a small energy overlap between the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band, but they do not overlap in momentum space. According to electronic band theory, solids can be classified as insulators, semiconductors, semimetals, or metals. In insulators and semiconductors the filled valence band is separated from an empty conduction band by a band gap. For insulators, the magnitude of the band gap is larger (e.g., > 4 eV) than that of a semiconductor (e.g., < 4 eV). Because of the slight overlap between the conduction and valence bands, semimetals have no band gap and a small density of states at the Fermi level. A metal, by contrast, has an appreciable density of states at the Fermi level because the conduction band is partially filled.

Electronic band structure
In solid-state physics, the electronic band structure (or simply band structure) of a solid describes the range of energy levels that electrons may have within it, as well as the ranges of energy that they may not have (called band gaps or forbidden bands).

Band theory derives these bands and band gaps by examining the allowed quantum mechanical wave functions for an electron in a large, periodic lattice of atoms or molecules. Band theory has been successfully used to explain many physical properties of solids, such as electrical resistivity and optical absorption, and forms the foundation of the understanding of all solid-state devices (transistors, solar cells, etc.).
Yitzchak Huberman
Rabbi Yitzchak HaCohen Huberman (6 Sivan 5656, May 18, 1896 – 13 Tevet 5737, January 3, 1977) was a Hasidic kabbalist who served as head of the rabbinical court (av beit din) and rabbi of the Wetzlar displaced persons camp. He became known as "the Tzaddik of Ra'anana."

Ra'anana
Ra'anana (Hebrew: רעננה, lit. 'Fresh') is an affluent city in the southern Sharon Plain of the Central District of Israel. It was founded in 1922 as an American-Jewish settlement, c.1 km south of the village of Tabsur, where an important World War I battle had taken place four years previously.

Bordered by Kfar Saba and Hod HaSharon on the east and Herzliya on the southwest, it had a population of 83,145 in 2023. While the majority of its residents are Israeli-born Jews, a large part of the population consists of Jewish immigrants from the Americas, Europe and South Africa.

Ra'anana's industrial park is home to global and local start-up companies. It was designated a "Green City" by the World Health Organization in 2005.
Fluorometholone
Fluorometholone (INN, BAN, JAN) (brand names Efflumidex, Flucon, FML Forte, FML, others), also known as 6α-methyl-9α-fluoro-11β,17α-dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, is a synthetic glucocorticoid which is used in the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases. The C17α acetate ester, fluorometholone acetate (brand name Flarex), is also a glucocorticoid and is used for similar indications.

Fluorometholone acetate
Fluorometholone acetate, also known as oxylone acetate and sold under the brand names Flarex, Florate, and Omnitrol, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid and a corticosteroid ester, as well as a progestogen and progestogen ester.: 186  It is the C17α acetate ester of fluorometholone.

In addition to its potent corticosteroid activity, fluorometholone acetate is a progestogen. It has been studied in the treatment of breast cancer in women and has been found to be effective, producing remission in about 20% of women with advanced breast cancer at an oral dosage of 50 mg/day. However, it also produces severe Cushing's syndrome-like symptoms like plethora, moon face, glycosuria, marked weight gain, hypertension, and osteoporosis at this dosage due to its glucocorticoid activity.
The Prince and the Beggarmaid
The Prince and the Beggarmaid is a 1921 British silent drama film directed by A. V. Bramble and starring Henry Ainley, Kathleen Vaughan and Harvey Braban. It was based on a play of the same name by Walter Howard.

Harvey Braban
George William Chapman (19 May 1883 – 6 August 1943), known as Harvey Braban, was a British stage actor. He also appeared in films between 1920–1938.

Braban was born in Brighton, Sussex, to George Chapman and Anne Braban. He performed regularly in West End plays, and also occasionally on Broadway. From 1920 he began appearing in silent films made by the leading British studios Stoll Pictures and the Ideal Film Company. Braban played the Chief Inspector in Alfred Hitchcock's Blackmail (1929) and thereafter often portrayed policemen or other official figures of authority on screen. One of his final roles was that of the Victorian Prime Minister Lord Salisbury in the 1938 film Sixty Glorious Years.

He married actress Lilian Christine Smith in 1914. He died in 1943 in Sussex.
Mikey (film)
Mikey is a 1992 American psychological slasher film directed by Dennis Dimster and written by Jonathan Glassner. It stars Brian Bonsall in his feature film debut as the title character, a young boy adopted by a family, who turns out to be a violent psychopath.

Brian Bonsall
Brian Eric Bonsall (born December 3, 1981) is an American rock musician, singer, guitarist and former child actor. Bonsall is the guitarist for punk rock band The Ataris. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Andrew "Andy" Keaton, the youngest child on the NBC sitcom Family Ties from 1986 until 1989, and Alexander Rozhenko, the son of  Worf and K'ehleyr, on Star Trek: The Next Generation from 1992 to 1994.