hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Humphrey I of Toron
Humphrey I  of Toron (Onfroy de Toron), a Norman, appears initially in 1115 as a vassal of Joscelin I of Edessa, prince of Galilee.  The castle at Toron was built in the years after 1105, and so Humphrey most likely was lord of Toron from that date, having taken part in the First Crusade.

Toron
Toron, now Tibnin or Tebnine in southern Lebanon, was a major Crusader castle, built in the Lebanon mountains on the road from Tyre to Damascus. The castle was the centre of the Lordship of Toron, a seigneury within the Kingdom of Jerusalem, actually a rear-vassalage of the Principality of Galilee.
B44 (New York City bus)
The B44 is a public transit line in Brooklyn, New York City, running mostly along Nostrand Avenue, as well as northbound on Rogers Avenue or New York Avenue and Bedford Avenue (as part of a one-way pair), between Sheepshead Bay and Williamsburg. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the B44 bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority.

Nostrand Avenue
Nostrand Avenue (/ˈnoʊstrənd/) is a major street in Brooklyn, New York, that runs for 8 miles (13 km) north from Emmons Avenue in Sheepshead Bay to Flushing Avenue in Williamsburg, where it continues as Lee Avenue. It occupies the position of East 30th Street in the Brooklyn street grid. The street is named after the 17th century Dutch settler Gerret Noorstrandt.
Ceratophrys
Ceratophrys is a genus of frogs in the family Ceratophryidae. They are also known as South American horned frogs as well as Pacman frogs due to their characteristic round shape, horned brows, and large mouth, reminiscent of the video game character Pac-Man.

Argentine horned frog
The Argentine horned frog (Ceratophrys ornata), also known as the Argentine wide-mouthed frog, ornate horned frog, ornate horned toad, ornate pacman frog, or just the pacman frog, is a species of frog in the family Ceratophryidae. The species is endemic to South America. It is the most common species of horned frog, in the grasslands of Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. A voracious eater, it will attempt to swallow anything that moves close to its wide mouth, such as insects, rodents, passerine birds, snakes, lizards, and other frogs, even if this predator would suffocate in the process. It is also kept as an exotic pet. The nickname "pacman frog" is a reference to the popular 1980's arcade game Pac-Man, where Pac-Man himself eats quite a lot, and has a mouth that takes up most of its body, much like the Argentine horned frog.
Doc Strange
Doc Strange is a Golden Age comic book superhero who originally appeared in Thrilling Comics #1 (Better Publications, also called Nedor Comics) in February 1940. The character continued in Thrilling Comics until issue #64 (Feb 1948). He also appeared in America's Best Comics #1-23 and 27.

Circa 2000, the character was revived and renamed 'Tom Strange' in Tom Strong #11 (published by America's Best Comics).

Standard Comics
Standard Comics was a comic book imprint of  American publisher Ned Pines, who also published pulp magazines (under a variety of company names that he also used for the comics) and paperback books (under the Popular Library name). Standard in turn was the parent company of two comic-book lines: Better Publications and Nedor Publishing (/ˈniːdɔːr/). Collectors and historians sometimes refer to them collectively as "Standard/Better/Nedor".
Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1969
Spain was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1969 with the song "Vivo cantando", composed by María José de Ceratto, with lyrics by Aniano Alcalde, and performed by Salomé. The Spanish participating broadcaster, Televisión Española (TVE), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the performer internally. The song won the competition in a joint win with the songs from France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. In addition, TVE was also the host broadcaster and staged the event at the Teatro Real in Madrid, after winning the previous edition with the song "La, la, la" by Massiel, becoming the first participating broadcaster to win twice in a row.

Salomé (singer)
Maria Rosa Marco Poquet (Catalan pronunciation: [məˈɾi.ə ˈrɔzə ˈmaɾku puˈkɛt]; born 21 June 1939), better known by her stage name Salomé (Catalan: [səluˈme], Spanish: [saloˈme]), is a Spanish singer. She was one of the four winners of the Eurovision Song Contest 1969 with the song "Vivo cantando".
Fred Meyer
Fred Meyer, Inc. is an American chain of hypermarket superstores and subsidiary of Kroger based in Portland, Oregon. The stores operate in the northwestern United States, with locations in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Alaska. The company was founded in 1922 by Fred G. Meyer in Portland. The chain was one of the first in the country to promote one-stop shopping, eventually combining a complete grocery supermarket with a drugstore, bank, clothing, jewelry, home decor, home improvement, garden, electronics, restaurant, shoes, sporting goods, and toys. Fred Meyer was acquired by Kroger in 1998, but the stores retained the Fred Meyer name.

Fred Meyer is the parent company of Fred Meyer Jewelers.

QFC
Quality Food Centers, Inc., better known as QFC, is an American supermarket chain based in Bellevue, Washington, east of Seattle. It is a subsidiary of Kroger and has 59 stores in western Washington and northwestern Oregon, primarily located in the Puget Sound region and Portland–Vancouver metropolitan area.
Hymenopus coronatus
Hymenopus coronatus is a mantis from the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. It is known by various common names, including walking flower mantis, orchid-blossom mantis and (pink) orchid mantis. It is one of several species known as flower mantis, a reference to their unique physical form and behaviour, which often involves moving with a "swaying" motion, as if being "blown" in the breeze. Several species have evolved to mimic orchid flowers as a hunting and camouflaging strategy, "hiding" themselves in plain view and preying upon pollinating insects that visit the blooms. They are known to grab their prey with blinding speed.

Flower mantis
Flower mantises are mantises that use a form of camouflage referred to as aggressive mimicry, which they use both to attract prey and to avoid predators. These insects have specific colorations and behaviors that mimic flowers in their surrounding habitats.

This strategy has been observed in other mantises including the stick mantis and dead-leaf mantis. The observed behavior of these mantises includes positioning themselves on a plant and either inserting themselves within the irradiance or on the foliage of the plants until a prey insect comes within range.

Many species of flower mantises are popular as pets. The flower mantises are diurnal group with a single ancestry (a clade), but the majority of the known species belong to family Hymenopodidea.
Usne Kaha Tha
Usne Kaha Tha (transl. He said) is a 1960 Bollywood drama film directed by Moni Bhattacharjee starring Sunil Dutt and Nanda in lead roles. This film is Bhattacharjee's first independent directorial venture. He had previously assisted Bimal Roy on various films, notably Madhumati and Do Bigha Zameen. Bimal Roy produced this film under his banner "Bimal Roy Productions".

The film is based on a renowned Hindi short story of the same name written by Chandradhar Sharma Guleri which was published in 1915 in Saraswati. The writing is critically acclaimed for the "perfection of technique, characterization and effect". However, the film itself "none smooth too takeoff" and did not do well at the box office. This was the debut film of actress, Indrani Mukherjee.

Indrani Mukherjee
Indrani Mukherjee is an Indian actress who worked in Hindi films during the 1960s and 1970s and starred in over 70 films. After playing the heroine in some films, notably Usne Kaha Tha (1960) and Aakhri Khat (1966), she moved to playing character roles which were central to the film and made this her forte. Her roles in films like Dharam Veer (1977), Parvarish (1977) and Des Pardes (1978) were the pivot of the storyline, but they were not conventional heroine roles. Each of the movies were a success at the box office.
Trans-Mongolian Railway
The Trans-Mongolian Railway (Mongolian: Транс-Монголын төмөр зам, romanized: Trans-Mongoliin tömör zam, pronounced [tʰr̥áns‿mɔɴɢɞ̆ɮíŋ tʰɵ́mɵ̆r̥ t͡sam]) connects Ulan-Ude on the Trans-Siberian Railway in Buryatia, Russia, with Ulanchab in Inner Mongolia, China, via Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It was completed in 1956, and runs from northwest to southeast with major stations at Naushki/Sükhbaatar on the Russian border, Darkhan, Züünkharaa, Choir, Sainshand, and Zamyn-Üüd/Erenhot on the Chinese border, where the railway changes from single-track to double-track and its gauge changes from 1,520 mm Russian gauge to 1,435 mm standard gauge. The railway also has important branch lines to Erdenet and Baganuur.

Erenhot
Erenhot (Chinese: 二连浩特; pinyin: Èrliánhàotè; Mongolian: ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ Эрээн хот, commonly shortened to Ereen or Erlian) is a county-level city under jurisdiction of the Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China, located in the Gobi Desert along the Sino-Mongolian border, across from the Mongolian town of Zamyn-Üüd. There are 74,197 inhabitants (2010 census) and the elevation is 966 metres (3,169 ft).
Streatham Common railway station
Streatham Common railway station is in Streatham in south London, 6 miles 48 chains (10.6 km) from London Victoria, and in London fare zone 3.

The station is managed by Southern who also operate trains from the station. Direct trains from the station run to Victoria, London Bridge, East Croydon, Shepherd's Bush, and Watford Junction.

The station has four platforms, but only platforms 1 and 2 are in daily use; platforms 3 and 4 are normally for passing express trains, but they are occasionally used during engineering work or major disruption. Step-free access to both platforms and both station entrances is available.

Although the station is named Streatham Common, it is actually 0.5 miles (0.80 km) away from Streatham Common, and Streatham railway station is the nearest station, being 0.3 miles (0.48 km) from the common.

Streatham railway station
Streatham railway station is a National Rail station in central Streatham in south London. Its main entrance now is on Streatham High Road, and is in London fare zone 3.

Services are provided by Southern and Thameslink. Thameslink services go north to St Albans via London Blackfriars and St Pancras, and south to Wimbledon and Sutton. Southern services run between London Bridge and East Croydon.

A news kiosk in the street level ticket hall sells newspapers, coffee and snacks. There is no seating at this level. The platforms are below the station building and accessed by staircases.  There has been no step-free disabled access to the northbound platform since the station forecourt on the up (northbound) platform side was redeveloped in the 1980s for the construction of a supermarket.
Ticket barriers were installed to the entrance in June 2009. New lifts providing step-free access from the entrance to both platforms have been constructed and were completed in Autumn 2023.
Alina Pätz
Alina Pätz (born 8 March 1990 in Urdorf) is a Swiss curler from Matten bei Interlaken, Switzerland. She currently throws fourth stones on Team Silvana Tirinzoni. Pätz has competed in nine World Women's Curling Championships, reaching the final eight times and winning six gold medals, tying her with teammate Carole Howald for the curler with the most wins at the event. She also represented Switzerland at the Winter Olympics in 2014, 2022 and 2026, winning silver medal in the 2026 edition of the event. She is a two-time European champion, six-time Grand Slam champion, and the 2011 World Mixed Doubles champion.

Claudio Pätz
Claudio Pätz (born 1 July 1987) is a Swiss curler from Uster. He won a bronze medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics, a gold medal with the Swiss team at the 2013 European Curling Championships in Stavanger and a bronze medal at the 2014 World Men's Curling Championship as the alternate for the Swiss team. He competed at the 2013 World Curling Championships, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
Automobile manufacturers and brands of China
There are currently about 150 active brands in the Chinese automobile market. Among them are 97 Chinese domestic brands and 43 joint venture (JV) brands. Before 2010, the traditional "Big Four" refers to the four major state-owned car manufacturers, SAIC, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan. Other Chinese car manufacturers, both from public and private sectors, like Geely, BAIC, BYD, Chery, GAC, Great Wall, JAC and Seres, emerged as the major players with the expansion of the Chinese automotive industry.

The article is an introduction to major automobile manufacturers and brands of China; for the full list see List of automobile manufacturers of China.

GAC Group
Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd. (GAC Group) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Guangzhou, Guangdong. As of 2021, it was the fifth largest automobile manufacturer in China, with 2.144 million sales in 2021.

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Hyptec, Trumpchi, Aion, Hycan as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as GAC Toyota and GAC Honda. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings. It produces buses under the GAC Bus brand. Other brand names associated with GAC are Everus, for consumer vehicles, and Hino.

In 2021, GAC was the fourth largest Chinese plug-in electric vehicle manufacturer in the Chinese market, with 4% of market share. It sold 123,660 units of EVs in 2021, and over 20,000 units in March 2022, with plans to double EV production capacity to 400,000 a year by December 2022.
Carbury, North Dakota
Carbury is an unincorporated community in Bottineau County in the U.S. state of North Dakota. It is located along North Dakota Highway 14 in the eastern part of the county, east of Souris. The town is virtually abandoned, and the 2000 census did not record a population. The post office closed in 1984, and it is now part of zip code 58783 covered by the post office in Souris.

Carbury is also designated by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency as a port of entry between the United States and Canada.

Bottineau County, North Dakota
Bottineau County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,379. and was estimated to be 6,391 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Bottineau. Bottineau County has several lakes, predominantly in the north and east of the county. Bottineau County is home to Lake Metagoshe & Lake Metagoshe State Park, which is located in the north section of the county.

The Territorial legislature identified Bottineau as being one of the original counties of the territory on January 4, 1873. It was created on July 17, 1884. It is named for Pierre Bottineau (c.1814-1895), a Métis pioneer, hunter, and trapper who became a successful land speculator.

Bottineau is well known for its winter park, snowmobiling, and ice fishing. Manitoba and Saskatchewan are on its northern border.
Happy Birthday, Marsha!
Happy Birthday, Marsha! is a 2018 fictional short film that imagines the gay and transgender rights pioneers Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera in the hours that led up to the 1969 Stonewall riots in New York City. The film stars Mya Taylor as Johnson and Eve Lindley as Rivera.

It was written, directed, and produced by Tourmaline and Sasha Wortzel. The filmmakers raised over $25,000 on Kickstarter to fund the film. The film is a sponsored project of Women Make Movies.

The film premiered in Los Angeles at Outfest Fusion in March 2018. The film also showed at the 2018 BFI London Flare LGBTQ+ Film Festival.

The film received some press after Tourmaline accused David France of using some of her labor and footage in his 2017 documentary, The Death and Life of Marsha P. Johnson. France denied the allegations. Subsequent investigative articles in The Advocate and Jezebel found Tourmaline's accusations baseless.

Tourmaline (activist)
Tourmaline (born 1983; formerly known as Reina Gossett) is an American artist, filmmaker, activist, editor, and writer. She is a transgender woman who identifies as queer. Tourmaline is most notable for her work in transgender activism and economic justice, through her work with the Sylvia Rivera Law Project, Critical Resistance and Queers for Economic Justice. She is based in New York City.
Éric Tessier
Éric Tessier (born March 19, 1966) is a Canadian film and television director and screenwriter from Quebec. He received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022, for the film You Will Remember Me (Tu te souviendras de moi).

You Will Remember Me
You Will Remember Me (French: Tu te souviendras de moi) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Éric Tessier and released in 2020. Based on the theatrical play by François Archambault, the film stars Rémy Girard as Édouard Beauchemin, a successful academic who is beginning to suffer from the early stages of dementia.

The film's premiere, originally slated for March 20, 2020, was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. The film instead premiered at the Sarajevo Film Festival in August 2020. It was selected as the opening film of the 2022 Abitibi-Témiscamingue International Film Festival, its first actual screening in Quebec due to the pandemic-related disruptions of film distribution.
Paul Sahlin
Paul Sahlin (born Paul Johansson; 30 March 1955), known by his stage name Paul Paljett, is a Swedish singer, songwriter and musician. Later he became a funeral director. He is well known for songs like the 1977 Svensktoppen hit Guenerina., Flyg min fjäril flyg and the Christmas song Jag önskar er alla en riktigt god jul. He also was the singer in Matz Bladhs between 1991 and 2004. Earlier, he had been the singer in the band Säwes. Later, he became active with his dansband Paul Sahlins.

Guenerina
Guenerina is a song written by singers Paul Sahlin and Monica Forsberg. The song stayed at Svensktoppen for 11 weeks from 17 April- 10 July 1977, topping the chart seven times.

The song originally applied for Melodifestivalen 1977, but was rejected.

In 1977 Nils Dacke recorded the song for the album Nils Dacke spelar partyorgel.

In 1978 Vikingarna recorded the song on the album Export, to promote the band outside Sweden, with lyrics in English as Don't Cry in the Sunshine, written by Thomas Minor.

In 1992 the song was also recorded by Matz Bladhs on the album Leende dansmusik 92, when Paul Paljett was the band's lead singer.

In 1997 Ronnix recorded the song for the album Ronnix.

At Dansbandskampen 2008, the song was performed by Jannez. Their recording also became available for the 2008 Dansbandskampen compilation album, and the 2009 Jannez album with the same name.
Herman T. Tavani
Herman T. Tavani is an American academic, scholar in information and computer ethics, and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Rivier University, where he served as Chair of the Philosophy Department and Director of the Liberal Studies Program. He previously held appointments at Boston College Carroll School of Management and Dartmouth College's Humanities Institute (Leslie Center). Currently, he is a visiting scholar at the Harvard School of Public Health. He has authored scholarly publications on ethics, privacy, information, and computer technology. He is a past president of the International Society for Ethics and Information Technology and a recipient of the Weizenbaum Award in 2019.

Weizenbaum Award
The Weizenbaum Award was established in 2008 by the International Society for Ethics and Information Technology (INSEIT). It is given every two years by INSEIT's adjudication committee to an individual who has “made a significant contribution to the field of information and computer ethics, through his or her research, service, and vision.”

It is officially named the 'INSEIT/ Joseph Weizenbaum Award in Information and Computer Ethics', "in recognition of Joseph Weizenbaum’s groundbreaking and highly influential work in computer ethics in the 1970s, which helped to shape the field as we know it today".
Petar Vutsov
Petar Vutsov (Bulgarian: Петър Вуцов; born 7 August 2000) is a Bulgarian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Minyor Pernik.

He comes from a footballing family, with his grandfather Ivan, father Velislav, mother Svetlana and brother Svetoslav having all played professional football.

Svetoslav Vutsov
Svetoslav Velislavov Vutsov (Bulgarian: Светослав Велиславов Вуцов; born 9 July 2002) is a Bulgarian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Levski Sofia.

He comes from a footballing family, with his grandfather Ivan, father Velislav, mother Svetlana and brother Petar having all played professional football.
Motherwell F.C. 6–6 Hibernian F.C.
The Scottish Premier League match between Motherwell and Hibernian on 5 May 2010 set a record as the highest scoring match in the league's history. The match was played at Fir Park in Motherwell and twelve goals were scored in the match, leaving a final scoreline of a 6–6 draw. Hibernian had led the match 4–1 and 6–2 at different points; Hibs goalkeeper Graeme Smith also saved a penalty kick from Ross Forbes when the score was 6–5.

Ross Forbes
Ross Forbes (born 3 March 1989) is a Scottish football midfielder. He has played for Motherwell, Dumbarton (three spells), Partick Thistle, Dunfermline Athletic, Greenock Morton, Forfar Athletic, Stenhousemuir and Clyde.
Convex hull of a simple polygon
In discrete geometry and computational geometry, the convex hull of a simple polygon is the polygon of minimum perimeter that contains a given simple polygon. It is a special case of the more general concept of a convex hull. It can be computed in linear time, faster than algorithms for convex hulls of point sets.

The convex hull of a simple polygon can be subdivided into the given polygon itself and into polygonal pockets bounded by a polygonal chain of the polygon together with a single convex hull edge. Repeatedly reflecting an arbitrarily chosen pocket across this convex hull edge produces a sequence of larger simple polygons; according to the Erdős–Nagy theorem, this process eventually terminates with a convex polygon.

Erdős–Nagy theorem
The Erdős–Nagy theorem is a result in discrete geometry stating that a non-convex simple polygon can be made into a convex polygon by a finite sequence of flips.  The flips are defined by taking a convex hull of a polygon and reflecting a pocket with respect to the boundary edge.  The theorem is named after mathematicians Paul Erdős and Béla Szőkefalvi-Nagy.
Fitzrichard
Fitzrichard is a Hiberno-Norman surname. It is patronymic as the prefix Fitz- derives from the Latin filius, meaning "son of". Its variants include the alternate forms FitzRichard, fitz Richard and Fitz Richard, and the given name turned surname Richard or Richards. Fitzrichard is rare as a given name.  People with the name Fitzrichard include the brothers:

Gilbert Fitz Richard (1065–1115), English peer

Robert Fitz Richard (1064–1136), English landowner

Fitz
Fitz (pronounced "fits") was a patronymic indicator used in Anglo-Norman England to help distinguish individuals by identifying their immediate predecessors.  Meaning "son of", it would precede the father's forename, or less commonly a title held by the father. In rare cases, it formed part of a matronymic to associate the bearer with a more prominent mother.  Convention among modern historians is to represent the word as fitz, but in the original Norman French documentation, it appears as fiz, filz, or similar forms, deriving from the Old French noun filz, fiz (French fils), meaning "son of", and ultimately from Latin filius (son). Its use during the period of English surname adoption (following the Norman conquest) led to its incorporation into patronymic surnames, and at later periods this form was adopted by English kings for the surnames given some of their recognized illegitimate children, and by Irish families when anglicizing their Gaelic patronymic surnames.