hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Gerber
Paul Gerber (1854 Berlin, Germany – 13 August 1909 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany) was a German physics teacher. He studied in Berlin from 1872 to 1875. In 1877 he became a teacher at the Realgymnasium (high school) in Stargard in Pommern. Gerber is known for his controversial work on the speed of gravity and the perihelion shift of Mercury's orbit.

Speed of gravity
In classical theories of gravitation, the changes in a gravitational field propagate. A change in the distribution of energy and momentum of matter results in subsequent alteration, at a distance, of the gravitational field which it produces. In the relativistic sense, the "speed of gravity" refers to the speed of a gravitational wave, which, as predicted by general relativity and confirmed by observation of the GW170817 neutron star merger, is equal to the  speed of light (c).
Bad Nieuweschans railway station
Bad Nieuweschans (Dutch pronunciation: [bɑt ˈniu.əsxɑns]; abbreviation: Nsch), previously named Nieuweschans (1868–2013), is an unstaffed railway station in the village of Bad Nieuweschans, Netherlands. It connects the Harlingen–Nieuweschans and Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railways and is situated between Winschoten, Netherlands and Weener, Germany.

The station building was completed in 1867 and demolished in 1973. Train services started on 1 November 1868. Trains were operated by Staatsspoorwegen (1868–1937), Nederlandse Spoorwegen (1938–2000), NoordNed (2000–2005), and Arriva (2006–present).

The station has two tracks and two platforms. There are two local train services with trains every hour to and from Groningen and Leer (Germany). There are also two bus connections at the station provided by Qbuzz.

Weener railway station
Weener (German pronunciation: [ˈveːnɐ]) is a railway station in the village of Weener in Germany. It is located on the Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railway between Leer and Bad Nieuweschans (Netherlands). Due to the destruction of a bridge near Weener, a bus service is provided by Arriva.
Vandichakkaram
Vandichakkaram (transl. Cartwheel) is a 1980 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. Vijayan and written by Vinu Chakravarthy. The film stars Sivakumar and Saritha. It revolves around a ruffian who, after falling in love, resolves to mend his ways.

Chakravarthy wrote the script in 1976, but production began only in 1979. It was supposed to be the 100th film of Sivakumar but eventually became his 101st to accommodate Rosappu Ravikkaikari (1979). The film was produced by Thirupur Mani, and shot at Mysore. It is also the Tamil debut of Silk Smitha.

Vandichakkaram was released on 29 August 1980, and became one of the biggest hits of Sivakumar. At the Filmfare Awards South, he and Saritha won the awards for Best Tamil Actor and Best Tamil Actress respectively. The film also won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film—Third Prize. It was later remade in Hindi as Prem Pratigyaa (1989).

Sivakumar
Palaniswamy (born 27 October 1941), better known by his stage name Sivakumar, is an Indian visual artist and former actor who has appeared in Tamil cinema and television. He made his acting debut in Kaakum Karangal (1965) and has worked in 195 movies, predominantly in Tamil cinema. He has won three Filmfare Awards South and two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.
Washington State Route 270
State Route 270 (SR 270) is a state highway in 
Whitman County, Washington, United States. It connects the city of Pullman to U.S. Route 195 (US 195) at its west end and Idaho State Highway 8 near Moscow, Idaho, at its east end. The 10-mile-long (16 km) highway is one of the main roads in Pullman and connects the campuses of Washington State University and the University of Idaho.

Idaho State Highway 8
State Highway 8 (SH-8) is an Idaho state highway in Latah and Clearwater counties, running from the Washington state line in Moscow to Elk River. It is 53.589 miles (86.24 km) in length, and runs primarily east–west.
Bose Ogulu
Bose Ogulu (born 19 November 1967), also known as Mama Burna, is a Nigerian academic, businesswoman and talent manager. She manages her children Burna Boy and Nissi Ogulu's musical career. She is the daughter of Benson Idonije.

Nissi (musician)
Jehovah-Nissi Ogulu, known professionally as Nissi, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, engineer, and creative director based in the United Kingdom. She founded Creele Animation Studios and co-founded Kemet Automotive.
Neil Batt
Neil Leonard Charles Batt AO (born 14 June 1937), is a former Tasmanian government minister, deputy Premier and member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. A member of the Labor Party, he was leader of the party in Tasmania, and Leader of the Opposition from 1986 to 1988.

Tasmanian Labor Party
The Tasmanian Labor Party, commonly referred to simply as Tasmanian Labor, is a social democratic political party in Tasmania. It is the Tasmanian branch of the Australian Labor Party. Following the 2025 Tasmanian state election, the party is led by Josh Willie, and since 2014 has formed the official opposition in Tasmania, losing 5 consecutive state elections.
I Can Do All Things
I Can Do All Things is the premiere recording from jazz artist, composer Jeremy Warren.  The album features prominent performers and composers such as Andy Milne, Lenny Pickett, Leon Marin, and Jack Cooper.

Andy Milne
Andy Milne (born January 30, 1969) is a Canadian jazz pianist, who records and performs both as a solo artist and as the leader of the ensemble Dapp Theory. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario, and raised in Kincardine and Toronto. One of ten siblings, he studied music at York University, where he was a student of Oscar Peterson.

In 1990 Milne graduated and received a grant from the Canada Council to study at the Banff Centre for the Fine Arts. He met saxophonist Steve Coleman and later joined Coleman's band, Five Elements. In 1998, Milne formed the band Cosmic Dapp Theory.

He has toured and recorded with Ravi Coltrane, Grégoire Maret, Sean Rickman, and Ralph Alessi.

His 2018 album The Seasons of Being won the Juno Award for Jazz Album of the Year – Group at the Juno Awards of 2019.
John Foster Sr. (sailor)
John Frederick Foster (born February 25, 1938) is a sailor from the US Virgin Islands. He competed at six Olympic Games, five in sailing at Summer Olympics from 1972 to 1992 (excluding 1980) and once in Bobsleigh at the 1988 Winter Olympics.

He competed with his son John Foster Jr. in the two-person keelboat at the 1984, 1988, and 1992 Olympics.

He was Commodore of the St Thomas Yacht Club in the Virgin Islands from 1967-1968.

John Foster Jr. (sailor)
John Parry Foster (born February 26, 1963) is a sailor from the US Virgin Islands who competed at three Olympics (1984, 1988 and 1992) in the two-person keelboat class. His sailing partner at the Olympics was his father John Foster Sr.
Trifluoroperacetic acid
Trifluoroperacetic acid (trifluoroperoxyacetic acid, TFPAA) is an organofluorine compound, the peroxy acid analog of trifluoroacetic acid, with the condensed structural formula CF3COOOH. It is a strong oxidizing agent for organic oxidation reactions, such as in Baeyer–Villiger oxidations of ketones. It is the most reactive of the organic peroxy acids, allowing it to successfully oxidise relatively unreactive alkenes to epoxides where other peroxy acids are ineffective. It can also oxidise the chalcogens in some functional groups, such as by transforming selenoethers to selones. It is a potentially explosive material and is not commercially available, but it can be quickly prepared as needed.  Its use as a laboratory reagent was pioneered and developed by William D. Emmons.

William D. Emmons
William D. Emmons (November 18, 1924 – December 8, 2001) was an American chemist and published with William S. Wadsworth a modification to the  Wittig-Horner reaction using phosphonate-stabilized carbanions, now called the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction in his honor.
Siarhei Artsiukhin
Sergei Yevgenyevich Artyukhin (Russian: Сергей Евгеньевич Артюхин; 1 November 1976 – 12 September 2012), also known as Siarhei Artsiukhin, was a Russian-Belarusian heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestler. He was born in Moscow and won the 2001 World Cup while representing Russia. After that, to avoid severe competition within Russia, he competed for Belarus and won the European title in 2005 and bronze medals at the world championships in 2005 and 2006. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, he was eliminated in his second bout. He was initially trained by his father, Evgeny Artyukhin, Sr., who was also an international heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestler.

His younger brother, also named Evgeny, is a professional ice hockey player. Sergei retired from wrestling in 2009, and often played recreational ice hockey. He suddenly died of a heart attack after a hockey game, aged 35.

Evgeny Artyukhin Sr.
Yevgeny Timofeyevich Artyukhin (Russian: Евгений Тимофеевич Артюхин, 17 June 1949 – 12 July 2008) was a Soviet heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestler. He won a world title in 1983, as well as three bronze medals at the world and European championships in 1981–83. He missed the 1984 Summer Olympics due to their boycott by the Soviet Union. After retiring from senior competitions, he worked as a coach, bringing his son Sergei to an international level in Greco-Roman wrestling. He also continued competing in the masters category and won the Russian heavyweight title in 1995.

He also was a professional wrestler in 1989 when he was a member of the Red Bull Army stable with Russians wrestlers Salman Hashimikov, Victor Zangiev, and others for New Japan Pro Wrestling.

Artyukhin died during a training meetup in Adler, aged 59. Since 1993, a wrestling tournament has been held in Tambov in his honor. His other son Yevgeny Jr. became an ice hockey player.
Cambodian franc
The franc was the currency of Cambodia between 1875 and 1885. It was equal to the French franc and was similarly subdivided into 100 centimes. It circulated alongside the piastre (equal to the Mexican peso) with 1 piastre = 5.37 francs. It replaced the tical and was replaced by the piastre. No paper money was issued.

Cambodian tical
From the 1850s to 1875, the tical was the currency of Cambodia as well as Siam and Laos. However, as a result of French intervention in the region, the tical in Cambodia was replaced in 1875 by the Cambodian franc. The term tical was the name which foreigners used for the local word baht (which gave rise to the modern Thai baht). The word baht actually referred to a weight in relation to a weight of silver, since the monetary system was based on the weight of silver coins. The tical (or baht) was a silver coin weighing 15 grams, hence giving it a rough similarity in value to the Indian rupee. The tical was subdivided into 64 att, 32 pe, 8 fuang or 4 salong.
The Rain (TV series)
The Rain is a Danish post-apocalyptic television series created by Jannik Tai Mosholt, Esben Toft Jacobsen and Christian Potalivo. It premiered on Netflix on 4 May 2018. The show stars Alba August, Lucas Lynggaard Tønnesen, Mikkel Boe Følsgaard, Lukas Løkken, Jessica Dinnage, Sonny Lindberg, and Angela Bundalovic, with Lars Simonsen, Bertil De Lorenhmad, Evin Ahmad, and Johannes Bah Kuhnke in recurring roles. The latter two become main characters in the second season.

On 30 May 2018, Netflix renewed The Rain for a second season, which was released on 17 May 2019, with 6 episodes. In June 2019, it was confirmed that the series was renewed for a third and final season, which was released on 6 August 2020.

Angela Bundalovic
Angela Bundalovic (born 1995) is a Danish-Serbian actress. She is best known for her role as Beatrice in the Netflix television series The Rain (2018), Nadja in Limboland (2020), Miu in Copenhagen Cowboy (2022), and Ida in Copenhagen Does Not Exist (2023). She won the  Lecce European Film Festival Best European Actor/Actress award in 2023.
International School of Theatre Anthropology
The International School of Theatre Anthropology (ISTA) is an international and multi-cultural network of performers, directors, scholars and academics of the theatre. Based in the Odin Teatret, Denmark, the organization has the nature of an itinerant university whose central field of study and research is theatre anthropology, the multi-cultural study of acting techniques.

Odin Teatret
Odin Teatret is an avant-garde theatre group based in Holstebro, Denmark. It was founded by Italian theatre director and investigator Eugenio Barba in 1964. From 1984 Odin Teatret was a part of NTL, Nordisk Teaterlaboratorium until December 2022, which also included the International School of Theatre Anthropology (ISTA), founded in 1979, and the Centre for Theatre Laboratory Studies (CTLS), founded in 2002
Pathonpatham Noottandu
Pathonpatham Noottandu (transl. Nineteenth century) is a 2022 Indian Malayalam-language period action film written and directed by Vinayan. Set in the 19th century Travancore, the story is based on the life of Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker, a  warrior who fought against social injustices suffered by the lower caste. The film stars Siju Wilson and Kayadu Lohar, with Anoop Menon, Chemban Vinod Jose, Sudev Nair, Vishnu Vinay, and Senthil Krishna in supporting roles. The original score was composed by Santhosh Narayanan (in his Malayalam debut) and songs by M. Jayachandran.

Pathonpatham Noottandu was released in theatres on 8 September 2022. The film won three Kerala State Film Awards.

Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker
Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker, also known as Kallisseril Velayudha Perumal (7 January 1825 – 3 January 1874), was a 19th-century social reformer and warrior, known for his fight against many social evils prevalent in the state of Kerala. He was born into an affluent Ezhava family known as Kallisseril, in the small independent province called Mangalam, near Haripad in Alappuzha district.
Prairie Creek (California)
Prairie Creek is the Redwood Creek tributary drainage basin including the inland portion of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. Prairie Creek drains southerly through a Plio-Pleistocene non-marine sedimentary and metasedimentary formation to a confluence with Redwood Creek approximately one mile upstream of Orick, California. The southern half of the channel exposes the Franciscan Assemblage and the lower reaches flow through Quaternary alluvium of the Redwood Creek estuarine floodplain. Prairie Creek was closely followed by U.S. Route 101 from Orick to the Klamath River drainage divide.  The former highway alignment through the park has been designated the Newton B. Drury Scenic Parkway; through traffic now follows a new alignment along the easterly drainage basin headwall.

Redwood Creek (Humboldt County)
Redwood Creek  (Yurok:  'O'rekw 'We-Roy  ) is a 61.8-mile (99.5 km) river in Humboldt County, California. The river's headwaters are in the Coast Range at about 5,000 feet (1,500 m) and it flows roughly northwest until it empties into the Pacific Ocean near the small town of Orick, the only development in the 280-square-mile (730 km2)-watershed.
Syed Ziaur Rahman
Syed Ziaur Rahman is a permanent member of 'Board of Trustees' and Chair of the Advisory Council (Section 3), International Association of Medical Colleges (IAOMC). He also serves as Chairman, Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Elected Secretary of IAOMC and Society of Pharmacovigilance, India (SoPI).

International Association of Medical Colleges
International Association of Medical Colleges (IAOMC) is a professional association, basically meant for peer evaluation of the medical education and maintaining uniform standards and recognition of physicians qualifications provided by individual medical schools anywhere in the world.
FC Caleta Coloso a Aguas Blancas
The Ferrocarril Caleta Coloso a Aguas Blancas (Aguas Blancas Railway) was a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge railway operating in the Antofagasta region of Chile, and was built to serve the nitrate workings southeast of Antofagasta. Opened in 1902 it was taken over by the Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia in 1909. Never converted to 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge like its parent, it retained 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge track until it closed in 1961. Total length was 111 miles (179 km), and in 1958 it possessed 6 locomotives, 3 coaches, and 362 freight cars.

Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia
The Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia (British company name: Antofagasta (Chili) & Bolivia Railway or FCAB for short)  is a private railway operating in the northern provinces of Chile. It is notable in that it was one of the earliest railways built to 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge, with a route that climbed from sea level to over 4,500 m (14,764 ft), while handling goods traffic totaling near 2 million tons per annum. It proved that a railway with such a narrow gauge could do the work of a standard gauge railway, and influenced the construction of other railways such as the Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas. It was later converted to 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge, and still operates today.
Oroligt blod
Oroligt blod ("Restless Blood" ) is a 1946 Swedish-language Finnish drama film directed by Teuvo Tulio and starring Regina Linnanheimo, Harriett Philipson and Hans Strååt. The film was shot in parallel with the Finnish-language version Levoton veri.

Regina Linnanheimo
Axa Regina Elisabeth Linnanheimo  (until 1924 Leino, since 1948 Regina Mörner, 7 September 1915, Helsinki – 24 January 1995) was a Finnish actress and screenwriter. Her sisters Ragnhild Peitsalo (1896–1931), Elli Ylimaa (1900–1982), and Rakel Linnanheimo (1908–2004) were also actresses. Linnanheimo was married to Count Carl Robert Mörner 1948–1952, until his death. After she ended her film career in 1956, she started to work as a translator for the Finnish Broadcasting Company using the name Regina Mörner.
Banksia dallanneyi subsp. media
Banksia dallanneyi subsp. media is a subspecies of Banksia dallanneyi. It was known as Dryandra lindleyana subsp. media until 2007, when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sunk all Dryandra into Banksia. Since there was already a Banksia named Banksia lindleyana, Mast and Thiele had to choose a new specific epithet for D. lindleyana and hence for this subspecies of it. As with other members of Banksia ser. Dryandra, it is endemic to the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia.

Banksia dallanneyi
Banksia dallanneyi, commonly known as couch honeypot, is a species of prostrate shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It only has a short above-ground stem, pinnatipartite or pinnatisect leaves, between thirty and seventy variously coloured flowers and glabrous, egg-shaped fruit.
Peter Chanel
Peter Louis Marie Chanel, SM (12 July 1803 – 28 April 1841), was a Catholic priest, missionary, and martyr. Chanel was a member of the Society of Mary and was sent as a missionary to Oceania. He arrived on the island of Futuna in November 1837. Chanel was clubbed to death in April 1841 at the instigation of a chief upset because his son had converted.

Jean-Baptiste Pompallier
Jean-Baptiste François Pompallier (11 December 1801 – 21 December 1871) was the first Catholic bishop in New Zealand and, with priests and brothers of the Marist order, he organised the Catholic Church throughout the country. He was born in Lyon, France. He arrived in New Zealand in 1838 as Vicar Apostolic of Western Oceania, but made New Zealand the centre of his operations.

In 1848, he became the first Catholic Bishop of Auckland. He returned to  France in 1868 and died in Puteaux, near Paris, on 21 December 1871, aged 70. His exhumed remains were returned to New Zealand in 2001, and they were re-interred under the altar at St Mary's, Motuti, in 2002. People can visit his remains.
Nontransporting EMS vehicle
A nontransporting EMS vehicle is a vehicle that responds to and provides emergency medical services (EMS) without the ability to transport patients. For patients whose condition requires transport (e.g. to a hospital), an ambulance is necessary. In some cases they may fulfill other duties when not participating in EMS operations, such as policing or fire suppression.

Motorcycle ambulance
A motorcycle ambulance is a type of emergency response vehicle which carries either a solo paramedic, emergency medical technician, or first responder to a patient; or may also be used with a trailer or sidecar for transporting patients.  Because of its small size and agile performance, a motorcycle ambulance is able to respond to a medical emergency much faster than a car or conventional ambulance vehicle in heavy traffic, which can increase survival rates for critically ill patients, especially those in cardiac arrest.
Emily Williams
Emily Williams (born 8 October 1984) is a New Zealand-born Australian singer and songwriter. She rose to fame in 2005 on the third season of Australian Idol and became the runner-up of the competition. After Idol, Williams signed with Sony BMG Australia and enjoyed commercial success as a member of the Australian girl group Young Divas. The group released two top-ten albums, Young Divas (2006) and New Attitude (2007), and achieved three top-fifteen singles, including the hugely successful "This Time I Know It's for Real". After the Young Divas disbanded in 2008 and Williams' contract with Sony BMG ended, she began releasing her solo music independently. Williams' debut solo single "Spellbound" was released in 2010, followed by the release of her debut solo album Uncovered in 2012.

Sony Music Australia
Sony Music Entertainment Australia is the predominant record label operated by American parent company Sony Music Entertainment in Australia. Prior to 1995, SMEA published and distributed video games in Australia & New Zealand on behalf of Sony Imagesoft and Sony Electronic Publishing Europe, and briefly operated Sony's PlayStation business in Australia & New Zealand on behalf of Sony Computer Entertainment Europe.

Sony Music Entertainment Australia, as of July 2017, also runs British multimedia Ministry of Sound Recordings' Australian operations on behalf of Sony Music UK, taking over from recently renamed TMRW Music, formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Ministry of Sound until 2004.
Henri d'Harcourt, 1st Duke of Harcourt
Henri d'Harcourt, 1st Duke of Harcourt (2 April 1654 – 19 October 1718) was a French noble, created the first Duke of Harcourt and Marshal of France by king Louis XIV. The duke also acted as extraordinary ambassador to Madrid.

Lords and Counts of Harcourt
When the Viking chieftain Rollo obtained the territories via the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte which would later make up Normandy, he distributed them as estates among his main supporters. Among these lands were the seigneurie of Harcourt, near Brionne, and the county of Pont-Audemer, both of which Rollo granted to Bernard the Dane, ancestor of the lords (seigneurs) of Harcourt. he first to use Harcourt as a name, however, was Anquetil d'Harcourt at the start of the 11th century.
Paul M. Taylor
Paul M. Taylor (born 1982) is a Canadian food security & anti-racism activist and former executive director of FoodShare Toronto. He is currently the co-CEO of Evenings & Weekends Consulting.

In 2020, Taylor and colleagues delivered 20,232 free food boxes to food-insecure people in Toronto. In 2022, he announced that his organization would pay interviewed job applicants $75 for their time.

Taylor ran for election as the federal member of parliament for Parkdale—High Park twice.

FoodShare Toronto
FoodShare Toronto is a Toronto-based Canadian not for profit organization that delivers programs that address hunger and advocates for better policy from government. In addition to advocacy, programs include delivery of food boxes, supporting urban farming, and operating a telephone hot line.

The organisation was founded in 1985 and employs over 100 staff. It is known for its progressive approach to employee rights.