hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gateshead Talmudical College
Gateshead Talmudical College (Hebrew: ישיבת בית יוסף גייטסהעד), popularly known as Gateshead Yeshiva, is located in the Bensham area of Gateshead in North East England. It is the largest yeshiva in Europe and considered to be one of the most prestigious advanced yeshivas in the Orthodox world. The student body currently (as of 2019) numbers approx. 350. Although students are mainly British, there are Europeans, Americans, and Canadians, as well as some from South America, Australia and South Africa. Most students are Litvish, but up to a third are Hasidic.

Novardok Yeshiva
The Novardok Yeshiva was one of the largest and most important yeshiva in pre-World War II Europe, and a force within the Mussar movement. It was the first of hundreds of Mussar yeshivas which were all called Novardok yeshivas.

The yeshiva was established in Novogrudok, Minsk Governorate, Russian Empire in 1896, together with a Kollel for married men, under the direction of Rabbi Yosef Yozel Horwitz, an alumnus of the Kovno Kollel and pupil of Rabbi Yisrael Salanter. He was known as the Alter fun Novardok, "the elder of Novardok" in Yiddish.

Novardok yeshivas were opened in major cities likr Kyiv, Kharkiv, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Zhytomyr, Berdychiv, Tsaritsyn (now Volgograd), Saratov, Plogid, and Chernihiv. Influenced by the Alter, his students also created yeshivas in Kherson, Mohyliv-Podilskyi, Kamieniec-Podolski, Berdichev, Nikolaev, Bălţi, Odessa, Piotrków Trybunalski and other places.
Hunger strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance where participants fast as an act of political protest, usually with the objective of achieving a specific goal, such as a policy change. Hunger strikers that do not take fluids are named dry hunger strikers.

In cases where an entity (usually the state) has or is able to obtain custody of the hunger striker (such as a prisoner), the hunger strike is often terminated by the custodial entity through the use of force-feeding.

Force-feeding
Force-feeding is the practice of feeding a human or animal against their will. The term gavage (UK: /ˈɡævɑːʒ, ɡæˈvɑːʒ/, US: /ɡəˈvɑːʒ/, French: [ɡavaʒ] ⓘ) refers to supplying a substance by means of a small plastic feeding tube passed through the nose (nasogastric) or mouth (orogastric) into the stomach.
Goulburn Valley Highway
Goulburn Valley Highway is a highway located in Victoria, Australia, linking Tocumwal on the Murray River through North Central Victoria to Eildon. The section north of the Hume Freeway (part of which is Goulburn Valley Freeway) is part of the Melbourne to Brisbane National Highway (together with Hume Freeway) and is the main link between these two cities, as well as a major link between Victoria and inland New South Wales. It is also the most direct route between Melbourne and the major regional centre of Shepparton in Victoria (via Hume Freeway).

Hume Highway
The Hume Highway, including the sections now known as the Hume Freeway and the Hume Motorway, is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways, running for 840 kilometres (520 mi) between Melbourne in the northeast and Sydney in the southwest. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013.

From north to south, the road is called the Hume Highway in metropolitan Sydney, the Hume Motorway between the Cutler Interchange and Berrima, the Hume Highway elsewhere in New South Wales and the Hume Freeway in Victoria. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury–Wodonga and Canberra. It is therefore considered to be Australia's longest highway in terms of its dual-carriageway standard retaining the M, or motorway, alphanumeric.
Müveddet Kadın
Müveddet Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: مودت قادین; "Duration"; born Şadiye Çıhçı, after 13 June 1949 Müveddet Çiftçi; 12 October 1893 – 20 December 1951) was the third consort of Sultan Mehmed VI of the Ottoman Empire.

Nevvare Hanım
Nevvare Hanım (Ottoman Turkish: نوارہ خانم; "young blessing" or "young child"; born Ayşe Çıhçı, after 1926 Nevvare Leyla Sönmezler; 4 May 1901 – 13 June 1992) was the fourth consort of Sultan Mehmed VI of the Ottoman Empire.
Woodall services
Woodall services is a motorway service station on the M1 motorway in Rotherham close to Sheffield in England. It lies between junctions 30 and 31. It was opened in 1968 by Trust House Forte but was renamed Welcome Break after the takeover of the company. It takes its name from the nearby village of Woodall.

Welcome Break
Welcome Break Limited is a British motorway service station operator that operates 35 motorway service stations in England, Scotland and Wales. It is the second-largest motorway service area operator behind Moto. It also operates hotels and motels. It is the UK arm of Irish motorways services operator Applegreen.
ITV Racing
ITV Racing is a sports television programme produced by ITV Sport for races shown on ITV1 and STV or ITV4 in the United Kingdom. The programme is referred to as Racing on STV in Northern and Central Scotland. In its previous incarnation, the show was an essential part of World of Sport.

ITV4
ITV4 is a British free-to-air television channel which first aired on 1 November 2005. It is owned by ITV plc.

The channel focuses primarily on general entertainment programming targeting a male audience, including action series and films, gameshows, reality television, and sports. It is the main linear television outlet for ITV Sport, carrying much of its football, cycling, darts, motorsport, horse racing, rugby, and snooker coverage (with ITV1 used primarily for marquee events).
Deruta
Deruta is a hill town and comune in the Province of Perugia in the Umbria region of central  Italy.

Long known as a center of  refined maiolica manufacture, Deruta remains known for its ceramics, which are exported worldwide. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Maiolica
Maiolica /maɪˈɒlɪkə/ is tin-glazed pottery decorated in colours on a white background. The most renowned maiolica is from the Renaissance period. These works were known as istoriato wares ("painted with stories") when depicting historical and mythical scenes. Its origins date from painted Hispano-Moresque ware from Spain, developing the styles of Al-Andalus. By the late 15th century, multiple locations were producing sophisticated pieces for a luxury market. In Italy, the production arose in the northern and central regions. In France, maiolica developed as faience, in the Netherlands and England as delftware, and in Spain as talavera. In English, the spelling was anglicised to majolica (/məˈdʒɒlɪkə/, /maɪˈɒlɪkə/).
Roger J. Traynor
Roger John Traynor (February 12, 1900 – May 14, 1983) was an American lawyer who served as Chief Justice of California from 1964 to 1970 and was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of California from 1940 to 1964. Traynor had served as a deputy attorney general of California under Earl Warren, and an acting dean and professor at the UC Berkeley School of Law.

A jurist noted for liberalism and activism, Traynor's 30-year career as California's 77th Justice coincided with demographic, social, and governmental growth in California and in the United States. Traynor believed (in the words of his biographer, G. Edward White) that "the increased presence of government in American life was a necessary and beneficial phenomenon." After his retirement from the California Supreme Court, Traynor spent the last years of his life as a professor at the UC Hastings College of Law.

Supreme Court of California
The Supreme Court of California is the highest and final court of appeals in the courts of the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco at the Earl Warren Building, but it regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other California state courts.  Since 1850, the court has issued many influential decisions in a variety of areas including torts, property, civil and constitutional rights, and criminal law.
Crossfire (American TV program)
Crossfire is an American nightly current event debate television program that aired on CNN from June 25, 1982, to June 3, 2005, and again from September 9, 2013, to August 6, 2014. The format was designed to present and challenge the opinions of a politically liberal pundit and a conservative pundit.

After eight years off the air, a revival of Crossfire launched on September 9, 2013. The panelists for the new edition of Crossfire were former House speaker Newt Gingrich and political commentator S. E. Cupp representing the right with political consultant Stephanie Cutter and advocate Van Jones representing the left. The program was last broadcast in July 2014 and officially cancelled later that year.

S. E. Cupp
Sarah Elizabeth Cupp (born February 23, 1979) is an American television host, political commentator, and writer. In August 2017, she began hosting S. E. Cupp: Unfiltered, a political panel show, co-hosted by Andrew Levy, on HLN and later CNN.

She is a former panelist on the CNN political debate show Crossfire, author of Losing Our Religion: The Liberal Media's Attack on Christianity and co-author of Why You're Wrong About the Right. She was a panelist on Real News on TheBlaze, a co-host of the MSNBC talk show The Cycle, and a frequent guest host on the Fox News late night talk show Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld. She is a frequent guest panelist on Real Time with Bill Maher.
Raja Rani (2013 film)
Raja Rani (transl. The King and Queen) is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy drama film written and directed by Atlee, and produced by A. R. Murugadoss. The film stars Arya, Jai, Nayanthara and Nazriya Nazim, while Santhanam, Sathyan and Sathyaraj appear in supporting roles. It follows a couple who are reluctantly married, and slowly fall in love after learning of each other's past.

Raja Rani is the feature directorial debut of Atlee. Filming began in October 2012 and ended in August 2013. The film was released on 27 September 2013 and became a commercial success. It won several accolades, including four Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and two Filmfare Awards South from four nominations. It was remade in Bengali as Shudhu Tomari Jonyo (2015), and in Sinhala as Sihinayaki Adare (2024)

Shudhu Tomari Jonyo
Shudhu Tomari Jonyo (transl. Only for You) is a 2015 Bengali romantic drama film directed by Birsa Dasgupta and produced by Shree Venkatesh Films. The film stars Dev, Srabanti Chatterjee, Soham and Mimi Chakraborty in the lead roles. It is a remake of the Tamil film Raja Rani (2013) which was reported to have been inspired by the 2007 Kannada movie Milana  which got remade in Bengali as Ki Kore Toke Bolbo four months after the release of this movie.
Commonwealth Railways GM class
The GM class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways in several batches between 1951 and 1967. As of July 2025, some remain in service with Aurizon and Southern Shorthaul Railroad.

Southern Shorthaul Railroad
Southern Shorthaul Railroad is an Australian rail freight services operator in New South Wales and Victoria. The company also provides workshop services, such as rolling stock manufacturing and wagon and locomotive maintenance.
Central constituency (Krasnoyarsk Krai)
The Central constituency (No.55) is a Russian legislative constituency in Krasnoyarsk Krai. The constituency covers parts of Krasnoyarsk as well as central Krasnoyarsk Krai stretching from Achinsk to Zheleznogorsk.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Aleksandr Drozdov, a Rusal executive, who won the open seat, after defeating two-term United Russia incumbent Pyotr Pimashkov in the primary (Pimashkov died prior to the general election).

Krasnoyarsk constituency
The Krasnoyarsk constituency (No.54) is a Russian legislative constituency in Krasnoyarsk Krai. The constituency covers southern half of Krasnoyarsk on the right bank of Yenisey as well as eastern Krasnoyarsk Krai.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Yury Shvytkin, former Member of Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai and Police Colonel.
Todd Armstrong
Todd Armstrong (born John Harris Armstrong; July 25, 1937 – November 17, 1992) was an American actor who appeared in ten films and several television series. He is best known for playing the title role in the cult classic Jason and the Argonauts (1963), after which his career rapidly waned. He also starred in syndicated crime drama Manhunt.

Manhunt (1959 TV series)
Manhunt is an American syndicated half-hour television crime drama starring Victor Jory as a San Diego police detective Lt. Howard Finucane, Charles Bateman as his partner Det. George Peters (in the first 13 episodes), and  Patrick McVey as police beat newspaper reporter Ben Andrews, who also narrated the episodes. Seventy-eight episodes were broadcast between April 15, 1959, and 1961.

Filmed on location in San Diego, the series regularly showcased local sites such as the Pacific Highway district, police headquarters, the San Diego Zoo, the Star of India, San Diego Bay, the Bali Hai Resort and the Hotel Del Coronado. A panorama of the cityscape was featured during the closing credits.

The character Ben Andrews was based on the San Diego Union police beat reporter Pliny Castanien.
Rahul Bose
Rahul Bose (born 27 July 1967) is an Indian actor and athlete who works in Hindi films. Bose is the president of Rugby India.

He has appeared in Bengali films such as Mr. and Mrs. Iyer, Kalpurush, Anuranan, Antaheen, Laptop and The Japanese Wife. He has also appeared in Hindi films such as Pyaar Ke Side Effects, Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam, Jhankaar Beats, Kucch Luv Jaisaa,  Dil Dhadakne Do,  Chameli and Shaurya. He also played the antagonist in the Tamil thriller Vishwaroopam (2013) and its sequel.

In the early 2000s, Time magazine named him "the superstar of Indian arthouse cinema" while Maxim named him "the Sean Penn of Oriental cinema" for his work in parallel cinema films like English, August and Mr. and Mrs. Iyer.

He is also notable for his social activism: he participated in the relief efforts that followed the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami and is also the founder of the anti-discrimination NGO, The Foundation.

Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam
Maan Gaye Mughal-E-Azam (lit. 'Believe You Mughal-e-Azam') is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language crime comedy film about a group of actors who attempt to prevent an underworld conspiracy from destabilizing the Indian government. The film is set in 1993 after the communal riots that followed the demolition of the Babri Masjid. The film stars Rahul Bose and Mallika Sherawat and was directed and written by Sanjay Chhel.

The film is loosely based on the 1983 film To Be or Not to Be, which itself is based on the 1942 film of the same name.
Christian Siegfried von Plessen
Christian Siegfried von Plessen (1646 – January 22, 1723) was a German-Danish statesman and diplomat who served as president of Rentekammeret during the reign of Christian V. After Frederick IV's ascent to the throne, he lost his influence at the Danish court. In 1703, he moved to Hamburg. He was the father of Carl Adolph von Plessen and Christian Ludvig von Plessen.

Christian Ludvig von Plessen
Christian Ludvig von Plessen (10 December 1676 – 30 August 1752) was a Danish statesman and landowner. He served as Minister of Finance and Trade during the early reign of Christian VI. Both he and his brother Carl Adolph von Plessen fell out of favour at the Danish court in 1734. He was a co-founder, major shareholder and the first president of the Danish Asiatic Company and also a major shareholder of the Danish West Indies Company. His holdings included Fussingø in Jutland, Glorup on Funen and Selsø on Zealand.
Kerri Pratt
Kerri Pratt is an American chemist and Associate Professor of Chemistry at the University of Michigan. Her research considers atmospheric chemistry and how it impacts human health. She studies the interactions of atmospheric gases using mass spectrometry based techniques.

Kimberly Prather
Kimberly A. Prather is an American atmospheric chemist. She is a distinguished chair in atmospheric chemistry and a distinguished professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and department of chemistry and biochemistry at UC San Diego. Her work focuses on how humans are influencing the atmosphere and climate. In 2019, she was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for technologies that transformed understanding of aerosols and their impacts on air quality, climate, and human health. In 2020, she was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences. She is also an elected Fellow of the American Philosophical Society, American Geophysical Union, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Philosophical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Store Smørstabbtinden
Store Smørstabbtinden is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,208-metre (7,244 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of the village of Fossbergom and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountain lies in the Smørstabbtindene mountains and it is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Rundhøe to the east; Stetinden and Stehøe to the southeast; Kniven, Sokse, Veslebjørn, Storebjørn to the south; Kalven to the southwest; Veslbreatinden to the north; and Storbreatinden and Storbreahøe to the northeast.

Veslbreatinden
Veslbreatinden is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,092-metre (6,864 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains just to the north of Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 36 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of the village of Fossbergom and about 34 kilometres (21 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Loftet and Veslfjelltinden to the north; Skagsnebb to the northeast; Galdhøpiggen and Sauhøe to the east; Storbreahøe, Storbreatinden, and Rundhøe to the southeast; and Store Smørstabbtinden and Kniven to the south.
Pelops of Sparta
Pelops (Ancient Greek: Πέλοψ) was King of Sparta of the Eurypontid dynasty. He was the son of Lykourgos.

He was born sometime around 210 BC, and his father soon died that year. Since he was an infant, a regent reigned, first Machanidas and then Nabis. Pelops was assassinated by Nabis, who assumed the throne in 199 BC. He was the last of the Eurypontid Dynasty.

Nabis of Sparta
Nabis (Ancient Greek: Νάβις) was the last king of independent Sparta. He was probably a member of the Heracleidae, and he ruled from 207 BC to 192 BC, during the years of the First and Second Macedonian Wars and the "War against Nabis" named for being against him. After taking the throne by executing two claimants, he began rebuilding Sparta's power. During the Second Macedonian War, Nabis sided with King Philip V of Macedon and in return he received the city of Argos. However, when the war began to turn against the Macedonians, he defected to Rome. After the war, the Romans, urged by the Achaean League, attacked Nabis and defeated him. He then was assassinated in 192 BC by the Aetolian League. He represented the last phase of Sparta's reformist period.
The Fiddlin' Buckaroo
The Fiddlin' Buckaroo is a 1933 American Western film directed by Ken Maynard and written by Nate Gatzert. The film stars Ken Maynard, Gloria Shea, Fred Kohler, Frank Rice, Jack Rockwell and Joseph W. Girard. The film was released on July 20, 1933, by Universal Pictures.

Ken Maynard
Kenneth Olin Maynard (July 21, 1895 – March 23, 1973) was an American actor and producer. He was mostly active from the 1920s to the 1940s and considered one of the biggest Western stars in Hollywood.

Maynard was also an occasional screenwriter and director. In 1960, he was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the film industry.
Rupite Glacier
Rupite Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Рупите, romanized: lednik Rupite, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈrupitɛ]; 63°00′05″S 62°31′00″W﻿ / ﻿63.00139°S 62.51667°W﻿ / -63.00139; -62.51667) is a 2.9 kilometres (1.8 mi) long glacier on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range east of the summit Mount Foster and southeast of Evlogi Peak.  It is situated southeast of Chuprene Glacier, southwest of Pashuk Glacier and northeast of Landreth Glacier, and flows southeastward into Osmar Strait.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2008.  The glacier is named after the settlement Rupite and the nearby protected area in southwestern Bulgaria.

Chuprene Glacier
Chuprene Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Чупрене, romanized: lednik Chuprene, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik t͡ʃoˈprɛnɛ]) is a 2.1 nautical miles (3.9 km; 2.4 mi) long glacier draining the northwest slopes of Imeon Range on Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is situated northeast of Bistra Glacier, southwest of Yablanitsa Glacier and northwest of Krivodol Glacier, Pashuk Glacier and Rupite Glacier, and flows southwest of Drinov Peak and Popovo Saddle, and west of Slatina Peak and Varshets Saddle southwestward along the northwest slopes of Antim Peak and Evlogi Peak into Drake Passage south of Villagra Point and north of Garmen Point.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  The glacier is named after the settlement of Chuprene in northwestern Bulgaria.
Eglantyne Jebb
Eglantyne Jebb  (25 August 1876 – 17 December 1928) was a British social reformer who founded the Save the Children organisation at the end of World War I to relieve the effects of famine in Austria-Hungary and Germany. She drafted the document that became the Declaration of the Rights of the Child.

Declaration of the Rights of the Child
The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, sometimes known as the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, is an international document promoting child rights, drafted by Eglantyne Jebb and adopted by the League of Nations in 1924, and adopted in an extended form by the United Nations in 1959.
Summer Spectacular (1996)
Summer Spectacular (1996) was the fourth Summer Spectacular professional wrestling event produced by Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW). The event took place on August 1, 1996 at the Shiodome in Tokyo, Japan.

The main event was a no ropes exploding barbed wire glass crush spider net double hell deathmatch between Mr. Pogo and the Puerto Rican Army leader Terry Funk. Funk won by knockout. The event also featured the tournament final for the newly created Independent Heavyweight Championship between Masato Tanaka and W*ING Kanemura. Kanemura defeated Tanaka to become the first Independent Heavyweight Champion.

Mr. Pogo
Tetsuo Sekigawa (関川 哲夫, Sekigawa Tetsuo; February 5, 1951 – June 23, 2017) was a Japanese professional wrestler best known for his work under the ring name Mr. Pogo (ミスター・ポーゴ, Misutā Pōgo). He helped popularize hardcore wrestling in the 1990s with "death matches" in promotions such as Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling, W*ING and Big Japan Pro Wrestling.
Morgan Lewis (governor)
Morgan Lewis (October 16, 1754 – April 7, 1844) was an American lawyer, politician, and military commander.  The second son of Francis Lewis, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, Lewis fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812.  He served in the New York State Assembly (1789, 1792) and the New York State Senate (1811–1814) and was New York State Attorney General (1791–1801) and the third governor of New York (1804–1807).

Francis Lewis
Francis Lewis (March 21, 1713 – December 31, 1802) was an American merchant and a Founding Father of the United States. He was a signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation as a representative of New York in the Continental Congress.