hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antonio Maria Lorgna
Antonio Maria Lorgna (18 October 1735 – 28 June 1796) or Antonio Mario Lorgna (as he signed his works) was a mathematician from Italy in the 18th century, founder of the Accademia nazionale delle scienze.

Accademia nazionale delle scienze
The Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze (lit. 'National Academy of the Sciences'), or more formally L'Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL, and also called the Accademia dei XL (lit. 'Academy of the Forty'), is Italy's national academy of science. Its offices are located within the Villino Rosso, at the corner of via L. Spallanzani and via Siracusa, Villa Torlonia, Rome.

The academy promotes progress in mathematics, physics, and natural sciences; organizes meetings; publishes journals; establishes consultative committees for governmental agencies; and awards scientific prizes.

The academy contains 40 fellows and a variable number of "fellows in excess" who are age 70 and above, and who have been fellows for at least five years. It also contains 25 foreign members.
Saba Imtiaz
Saba Imtiaz is a Pakistani author, journalist, music critic, and screenwriter from Karachi. She previously worked for The News International and The Express Tribune, and is currently writing for The New York Times, The Guardian, and The Christian Science Monitor. Karachi, You're Killing Me! is her debut novel first published in 2014. Imtiaz also wrote the script of the romantic comedy Dekh Magar Pyar Se (2015).

Karachi, You're Killing Me!
Karachi, You're Killing Me! is a 2014 comedy crime-thriller novel by the Pakistani journalist-writer Saba Imtiaz. The author's debut novel was released in paperback by India's Random House on 1 February 2014. It is written about a 20-year-old reporter, Ayesha Khan, living in one of the world's most beautiful cities, Karachi, about her misadventures and finding a nice lover. The novel received mostly positive feedback from the reviewers. Imtiaz describes the novel as "Bridget Jones's Diary" meets "The Diary of a Social Butterfly." In 2015, the novel was optioned by producer Vikram Malhotra for a Bollywood film adaptation.
Loan closet
A loan closet is a program that allows people to borrow durable medical equipment and home medical equipment at no cost or at low cost.  The loan closet may be offered through an organization, an individual, or some other entity, often a non-profit organization. Because medical equipment is expensive and often needed for only a short time, loan closets help people receive equipment that they may not otherwise be able to afford.

Durable medical equipment
Durable medical equipment (DME) is a category of medical devices designed to assist individuals with disabilities, injuries, or chronic health conditions. These devices are prescribed by healthcare professionals and intended for repeated use over an extended period.
Villa Diodati
The Villa Diodati is a mansion in the village of Cologny near Lake Geneva in Switzerland, notable because Lord Byron rented it and stayed there with Dr. John Polidori in the summer of 1816. Mary Shelley, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and Mary’s stepsister Claire Clairmont, who had rented a house nearby, were frequent visitors. Because of poor weather, in June 1816 the group famously spent three days together inside the house creating stories to tell each other, two of which were developed into landmark works of the Gothic horror genre: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and The Vampyre, the first modern vampire story, by Polidori.

The Vampyre
"The Vampyre" is a short work of prose fiction written in 1819 by John William Polidori, taken from the story told by Lord Byron as part of a contest among Polidori, Mary Shelley, Lord Byron, and Percy Shelley. The same contest produced the novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus.

"The Vampyre" is often viewed as the progenitor of the romantic vampire genre of fantasy fiction. The work is described by Christopher Frayling as "the first story successfully to fuse the disparate elements of vampirism into a coherent literary genre."
Ronald Meyer
Ronald Meyer (born September 25, 1944) is an American entertainment executive and former talent agent. He co-founded Creative Artists Agency in 1975, and served as president and chief operating officer at Universal Studios from 1995–2013, and president and chief operating officer of Vivendi Universal Entertainment from 2002–2004. He was then promoted to vice chairman of NBCUniversal at Comcast Corp. and held that position until his resignation in 2020. He is currently the CEO of Wild Bunch, and an advisor to the Doha Film Institute.

Creative Artists Agency
Creative Artists Agency, LLC (CAA) is an American talent and sports agency based in Los Angeles, California.

In September 2023, French billionaire François-Henri Pinault completed the acquisition of a majority stake in CAA, in an agreement valued at 7 billion dollars. The purchase was made through his investment company, Groupe Artémis.
Permanganometry
Permanganommetry is one of the techniques used in chemical quantitative analysis. It is a redox titration that involves the use of permanganates to measure the amount of analyte present in unknown chemical samples. It involves two steps, namely the titration of the analyte with potassium permanganate solution and then the standardization of potassium permanganate solution with standard sodium oxalate solution. The titration involves volumetric manipulations to prepare the analyte solutions.

Permanganometry allows the detection and estimation of the quantitative presence of various chemical species, such as iron(II), manganese(II), oxalate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide.

Titration
Titration (also known as titrimetry and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed). A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a standard solution of known concentration and volume. The titrant reacts with a solution of analyte (which may also be termed the titrand) to determine the analyte's concentration. The volume of titrant that reacted with the analyte is termed the titration volume.
Gabrielle (singer)
Louisa Gabriella Bobb (born 19 July 1969), known professionally as Gabrielle, is a British singer. Born in Hackney, London, she released her debut single, "Dreams", in 1993, and it topped the UK Singles Chart the same year. Her other singles include "Going Nowhere", "Give Me a Little More Time", "Walk On By", and "If You Ever" – a duet with East 17.

After a few inactive years, Gabrielle made a comeback with "Rise", which became her second UK number one, in 2000. Her album of the same name reached the top spot on the UK Albums Chart, where it stayed for three weeks. The song "Out of Reach", from the soundtrack to Bridget Jones's Diary, reached number four on the UK Singles Chart. She released the compilation Dreams Can Come True, Greatest Hits Vol. 1 in 2001.

Dreams Can Come True, Greatest Hits Vol. 1
Dreams Can Come True, Greatest Hits Vol. 1 is a greatest hits album by English recording artist Gabrielle. It was released in 2001, featuring all of Gabrielle's biggest hit singles. The compilation album went on to become the fifth-best-selling album of 2001 in the United Kingdom, achieving 4× platinum. It was the 76th-best-selling album of that decade in the UK.
Istanbul Basketball League
The Istanbul Basketball League (Turkish: İstanbul Basketbol Ligi) was a regional basketball league competition in Turkey, that was run by the Turkish Basketball Federation from 1926 to 1966. The league lost its first level status after the nationwide Turkish Super League was introduced in the 1966–67 season.

Basketbol Süper Ligi
The Basketball Super League (Turkish: Basketbol Süper Ligi; TBSL), also known as the Türkiye Sigorta Basketbol Süper Ligi for sponsorship reasons, is the top men's professional basketball division of the Turkish basketball league system. It replaced the former Turkish Basketball Championship (1946–1967) to become the Turkish Basketball League (TBL) until 2015 when it adopted its current name while the TBL name became exclusive to the second-tier and third-tier divisions.

The BSL is administered by the Turkish Basketball Federation (TBF) and is contested by 16 teams, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated to the second-tier TBL and replaced by the top two teams of that division.

Since the league's restructuring in 1966, 11 clubs have been crowned champions, with Anadolu Efes winning the title a record 16 times and Fenerbahçe 12 times. In recent years, Fenerbahçe won 11 titles out of 17 from the 2006–07 season onward.
Rankonøse
Rankonøse is a mountain in Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,769-metre (5,804 ft) tall mountain is located in the Filefjell mountain area, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the village of Vang i Valdres. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Grindane to the north, Klanten to the east, Blåkampen to the southeast, Ranastongi to the south, Storebottegge to the southwest, and Ørnenøse and Øyre to the northwest.

Ørnenøse
Ørnenøse is a mountain in Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,683-metre (5,522 ft) tall mountain is located in the Filefjell mountain area, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southwest of the village of Vang i Valdres. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Tverrfjellet to the north, Kljåkinnknippene and Skoddetinden to the northwest, Høgeloft to the west, Storebottegge and Rankonøse to the southeast, and Øyre to the northeast.
Harris (band)
Harris was an American rock band formed in Lowell, Massachusetts in 2000. The group independently released one studio album, The Light Is Seeping Through the Cracks, along with numerous EPs, before disbanding in April 2009.

The Light Is Seeping Through the Cracks
The Light Is Seeping Through the Cracks is a studio album released by American rock band Harris in September 2005. The album was independently recorded, produced, and released by the band. The album's release was followed by a self-booked tour of the United States and Canada.
Black Square (album)
Black Square is an album by the group DD/MM/YYYY. In 2009, it was released in Canada (We Are Busy Bodies) on March 17; in Europe (Deleted Art) on August 18; in the United States (Impose Records) on September 15); and in the UK/EU (Invada Records) in September 2010.

DD/MM/YYYY
DD/MM/YYYY (pronounced "day month year") was a Canadian experimental rock band from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. They were known for their abstract music, use of unconventional instruments, use of complex time signatures, and their rotating member roles.

The nature of DD/MM/YYYY's music was explained as "a mess of spastic, specially challenged art rock with jagged, diamondback guitars, '80s video game synthesizers, and drums that roll with all the punches of the discordant dreamy vocals" and self-described as "always changing and always moving".
Ezio Greggio
Ezio Greggio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛttsjo ˈɡreddʒo]; born 7 April 1954) is an Italian comedian, actor, writer and film director.

In Italy, he is known for his long-lasting appearances in TV shows like Drive In and Striscia la notizia; abroad he is noted for his movies and his collaboration with Mel Brooks.

Drive In (TV program)
Drive In is an Italian television sketch comedy variety show, created by Antonio Ricci. The show's six seasons were broadcast by Italia 1 from 1983 to 1989. It was referred to as the most innovative and popular Italian television show  of the 1980s.
MacAndrews & Forbes
MacAndrews & Forbes Incorporated is an American diversified holding company wholly owned by billionaire investor Ronald Perelman. 
Current investments include leading participants across a wide range of industries, from cosmetics and entertainment to biotechnology and military equipment. The principal interests of MacAndrews & Forbes include AM General, Harland Clarke, Merisant, RetailMeNot, Revlon, Scantron, Scientific Games Corporation, SIGA Technologies, Valassis and vTv Therapeutics.

AM General
AM General is an American heavy vehicle and contract automotive manufacturer based in South Bend, Indiana. It is best known for the civilian Hummer and the military Humvee that are assembled in Mishawaka, Indiana. From 1974 through 1979, the company also manufactured transit buses, making more than 5,400 of them.

AM General has also been a provider of vehicles for the CUCV program carried out by the United States Armed Forces.
32nd Filmfare Awards
The 32nd Filmfare Awards were held in 1985.

Sharaabi led the ceremony with 11 nominations, followed by Aaj Ki Awaaz and Saaransh with 7 nominations and Sohni Mahiwal and Sparsh with 5 nominations each.

Saaransh, Sohni Mahiwal and Sparsh won 3 awards each, becoming the most-awarded films at the ceremony.

This year, the trend backed away from Parallel Cinema as more commercial films won awards.

Shabana Azmi received dual nominations for Best Actress for her performances in Bhavna and Sparsh, winning for the former.

Saaransh
Saaransh (English: The Gist  ) is a 1984 Indian Hindi drama film directed by Mahesh Bhatt, starring Anupam Kher, Rohini Hattangadi, Madan Jain, Nilu Phule, Suhas Bhalekar and Soni Razdan. It is about an elderly Maharashtrian couple living in Mumbai who come to terms with the loss of their only son. This was the screen debut of Anupam Kher. The film had music by Ajit Verman and lyrics by Vasant Dev. It was produced and distributed by Rajshri Productions. It was chosen as India's official entry for the 1985 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and was not nominated.
Frank McMahon (author)
Frank McMahon (20 September 1919 – 22 December 1984) was an American-Irish playwright and broadcasting executive. His adaptation of Brendan Behan's autobiographical Borstal Boy played on Broadway after a long run in Dublin's Abbey Theatre.

Borstal Boy
Borstal Boy is a 1958 autobiographical book by Brendan Behan. The story depicts a young, fervently idealistic Behan, who loses his naïveté over the three years of his sentence to a juvenile borstal, softening his radical Irish republican stance and warming to his British fellow prisoners.   From a technical standpoint, the novel is chiefly notable for the art with which it captures the lively dialogue of the Borstal inmates, with a variety of the many subtly distinctive accents of Britain and Ireland intact on the page. Ultimately, Behan demonstrated by his skillful dialogue that working class Irish Catholics and English Protestants actually had more in common with one another through class than they had supposed, and that alleged barriers of religion and ethnicity were merely superficial and imposed by a fearful middle class.

The book was banned in Ireland for unspecified reasons in 1958; the ban expired in 1970.

The book was reissued by David R. Godine in 2000.
Éile
Éile (Modern Irish: [ˈeːlʲə]; Old Irish: Éle, Éli), commonly anglicised as Ely, was a medieval petty kingdom in the southern part of the modern county of Offaly and parts of North Tipperary in Ireland. The historic barony of Eliogarty was once a significant portion of the kingdom.

Eliogarty
Eliogarty (Irish: Éile Uí Fhógarta) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Thurles. The barony lies between Ikerrin to the north (whose chief town is Roscrea), Kilnamanagh Upper to the west (whose chief town is Borrisoleigh), Middle Third to the south (whose chief town is Cashel) and County Kilkenny to the east. It is currently administered by Tipperary County Council.
Dasaradh (director)
Kondapalli Dasaradh Kumar (born 5 June 1971) is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Telugu cinema. He is best known for directing the films Santosham (2002), Mr. Perfect (2011), and Greeku Veerudu (2013).

Greeku Veerudu
Greeku Veerudu (transl. The Greek warrior) is a 2013 Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by Dasaradh. The film stars Nagarjuna and Nayanthara, with music composed by S. Thaman. It was dubbed into Tamil and Malayalam as Love Story and into Hindi as America V/s India.
Empire Builder (board game)
Empire Builder is a railroad board game originally published by Mayfair Games in 1982 that underwent several editions and eventually branched out into international and fantastical locations.

In February 2018 Mayfair Games was acquired by French game publisher/distributor Asmodee, however rights to the Empire Builder games (and other Mayfair titles) are no longer retained by Asmodee.

Mayfair Games
Mayfair Games was an American publisher of board, card, and roleplaying games that also licensed Euro-style board games to publish them in English. The company licensed worldwide English-language publishing rights to The Settlers of Catan series between 1996 and 2016.
Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova
Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova (Russian: Мария Александровна Ульянова; née Blank; 6 March [O.S. 22 February] 1835 – 25 July [O.S. 12 July] 1916) was the mother of the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, who in 1922 founded the Soviet Union. Well-educated and married to a mathematics-physics teacher, she focused on raising her children.

Maria Ilyinichna Ulyanova
Maria Ilyinichna Ulyanova (Russian: Мари́я Ильи́нична Улья́нова; 18 February [O.S. 6 February] 1878 – 12 June 1937) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, politician, and the younger sister of Vladimir Lenin and Anna Ulyanova.
Krasnogorodsky District
Krasnogorodsky District (Russian: Красногоро́дский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Ostrovsky District in the north, Pushkinogorsky District in the northeast, Opochetsky District in the southeast, Sebezhsky District in the south, Cibla and Kārsava municipalities of Latvia in the southwest, and with Pytalovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,320.42 square kilometers (509.82 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Krasnogorodsk. Population: 7,328 (2010 Census); 9,800 (2002 Census); 11,886 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Krasnogorodsk accounts for 52.8% of the district's total population.

Opochetsky District
Opochetsky District (Russian: Опо́чецкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Pushkinogorsky District in the north, Novorzhevsky District in the northeast, Bezhanitsky District in the east, Pustoshkinsky District in the southeast, Sebezhsky District in the south, and with Krasnogorodsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,028.9 square kilometers (783.4 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Opochka. Population: 18,673 (2010 Census); 23,973 (2002 Census); 28,877 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Opochka accounts for 62.1% of the district's total population.
Sam the Sham
Domingo Samudio (born February 28, 1937), better known by his stage name Sam the Sham, is a retired American rock and roll singer. Sam the Sham is known for his camp robe and turban and hauling his equipment in a 1952 Packard hearse with maroon velvet curtains. As the front man for the Pharaohs, he sang on several Top 40 hits in the mid-1960s; "Wooly Bully" by Sam the Sham and the Pharaohs was the number one song of 1965 according to Billboard magazine's year-end Hot 100.
However, the song never reached number one on the weekly charts. "Li'l Red Riding Hood" was another charting song for Samudio.

Wooly Bully
"Wooly Bully" is a song originally recorded by rock and roll band Sam the Sham and the Pharaohs in 1964. Based on a standard 12-bar blues progression, it was written by the band's frontman, Domingo "Sam" Samudio. It was released as a single on the small Memphis-based XL label (#906) in 1964 and was picked up in 1965 by MGM. The song was recorded at Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio at 639 Madison Avenue in Memphis, the successor to Phillips' original Sun Studio.
Devika
Devika Devadoss (born Prameela Devi; 25 April 1943 – 2 May 2002) was an Indian actress who worked in Tamil and Telugu along with a few Malayalam, Kannada, and Hindi films. She was one of the popular lead actresses in the 1960s.

Devika is the daughter of Gajapati Naidu and the grand daughter of Telugu cinema doyen and pioneer Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu. One of her uncles, C. Basudev, was a Mayor of Chennai. Actress Kanaka is her only daughter.

Kanaka (actress)
Kanaka Mahalakshmi Devadoss, known mononymously as Kanaka, is an Indian former actress who appeared in Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam language films. She is known of her role in her debut Tamil film Karakattakkaran (1989).
Putnam County Courthouse (West Virginia)
The Putnam County Courthouse in Winfield, West Virginia was built in 1900 to replace an 1848 structure which partially collapsed in 1899. The Romanesque Revival building was designed by architect Frank Pierce Milburn with a hip roof and octagonal towers at all four corners. It is similar to the Summers County Courthouse in Hinton, West Virginia.

Summers County Courthouse
The Summers County Courthouse in Hinton, West Virginia, is a red brick Romanesque Revival or late Victorian building, originally constructed in 1875–76. The building was remodeled between 1893 and 1898 by architect Frank Pierce Milburn, who added octagonal turrets at the corners. A 1923 addition followed suit with another square with two towers. A plan 1930s addition followed. A cast-iron stairway in the northwest tower ascends to the courtroom.

The Putnam County Courthouse uses a similar arrangement of turrets around a square mass.
Oosaravelli
Oosaravelli (transl. Chameleon) is a 2011 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film directed by Surender Reddy and produced by B. V. S. N. Prasad under Sri Venkateswara Cine Chitra. It stars N. T. Rama Rao Jr, Tamannaah Bhatia, Prakash Raj and Vidyut Jammwal. The score and soundtrack for the film were composed by Devi Sri Prasad, whilst the cinematography was handled by Rasool Ellore and editing by Gautham Raju.

The plot follows Tony (N. T. Rama Rao Jr), a merciless hitman, who falls for Niharika after saving her during a Kashmir terror attack. Discovering she’s engaged to an arms dealer, Tony wages a brutal war against Hyderabad’s underworld to protect her, unaware her forgotten past holds the key to his redemption.

Oosaravelli was released worldwide on 6 October 2011 and received mixed reviews from critics. Despite this, the film grossed ₹57 crore and was a box-office success. It was later remade in Bengali as Rocky in 2013.

Surender Reddy
Surender Reddy is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Telugu cinema. He made his directorial debut with Athanokkade (2005), which won him Nandi Award for Best First Film of a Director. He later directed films such as  Ashok (2006), Kick (2009), Oosaravelli (2011), Race Gurram (2014), Dhruva (2016), and Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy (2019). He won SIIMA Award for Best Director – Telugu for Race Gurram.
Burning Love
"Burning Love" is a 1972 song written by Dennis Linde, originally released by Arthur Alexander in April 1972 on his album Arthur Alexander, and covered by Elvis Presley four months later that same year as a single. Linde released a version of the song himself in 1973.

Arthur Alexander
Arthur Alexander (May 10, 1940 – June 9, 1993) was an American country-soul songwriter and singer. Jason Ankeny, music critic for AllMusic, said Alexander was a "country-soul pioneer" and that, though largely unknown, "his music is the stuff of genius, a poignant and deeply intimate body of work on par with the best of his contemporaries." Alexander's songs were covered by such stars as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Otis Redding, Tina Turner, Pearl Jam, Rick Nelson and Jerry Lee Lewis.