hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Takeoff
Takeoff or take-off is the phase of flight during which an aerial vehicle leaves the ground and becomes airborne. For space vehicles that launch vertically, this is known as liftoff.

For fixed-wing aircraft that take off horizontally (conventional takeoff), this usually involves an accelerating ground run (known as the roll) on a runway to build up speed so the wings can generate enough lift. For aerostats (balloons and airships), helicopters, tiltrotors (e.g. the V-22 Osprey) and thrust-vectoring STOVL fixed-wing aircraft (e.g. the Harrier jump jet and F-35B), a helipad/STOLport is sufficient and no runway is needed.

Climb (aeronautics)
In aviation, a climb or ascent is the operation of increasing the altitude of an aircraft. It is also the logical phase of a typical flight (the climb phase or climbout) following takeoff and preceding the cruise. During the climb phase there is an increase in altitude to a predetermined level.
The opposite of a climb is a descent.
Chris Leben
Christian Cyrus Leben (born July 21, 1980) is an American former mixed martial artist, referee, and bare knuckle boxer. A professional MMA competitor from 2002 until 2013, he most notably competed in the UFC in the Middleweight division, compiling a record of 12–10 in 22 appearances for the organization. Leben first appeared in the inaugural season of The Ultimate Fighter reality series, and also fought in the now-defunct WEC. He began his UFC career with five victories in a row before suffering a knockout loss to future UFC Middleweight Champion Anderson Silva, and was known for his toughness, chin, determination, and powerful left hand. Leben was the inaugural WEC Middleweight Champion.

Jorge Rivera (fighter)
Jorge Luis Rivera (born February 28, 1972) is a retired American mixed martial artist who competed in the Middleweight division. Perhaps best known for his 15 fights in the UFC, he was also featured on The Ultimate Fighter 4, after competing for Cage Warriors and Cage Rage in England.
Julián Bautista
Julián Bautista (21 April 1901 – 8 July 1961) was a Spanish composer and conductor. He was a member of Generation of '27 and the Group of Eight, the latter of which also included composers Jesús Bal y Gay, Ernesto Halffter and his brother Rodolfo, Juan José Mantecón, Fernando Remacha, Rosa García Ascot, Salvador Bacarisse and Gustavo Pittaluga. He composed the soundtracks to 37 movies in addition to more than 30 other classical works. He worked actively as a conductor with such orchestras as the Madrid Symphony Orchestra and the Spanish National Orchestra.

Bautista was the son of Julián Bautista Swartz and Ventura Cachaza Vázquez. He began studying solfège at the age of 7 and piano at the age of 11 with Pilar Fernández de la Mora. At the age of 14 he began taking courses in harmony, counterpoint, and fugue at the Madrid Royal Conservatory where he was a pupil of Conrado del Campo.

In 1940 he emigrated to Argentina, where he lived in Buenos Aires.

Jesús Bal y Gay
Jesús Bal y Gay (23 June 1905 – 3 March 1993) was a Spanish composer, music critic, and musicologist. He was a member of Generation of '27 and the Group of Eight, the latter of which also included composers Julián Bautista, Ernesto Halffter and his brother Rodolfo, Juan José Mantecón, Fernando Remacha, Rosa García Ascot, Salvador Bacarisse and Gustavo Pittaluga. He married Ascot in 1933.
New Mexico State Road 132
State Road 132 (NM 132) is a state highway in the US state of New Mexico. Its total length is approximately 19.76 miles (31.80 km). NM 132's southern terminus is at NM 18/NM 218 in Hobbs, and the northern terminus is at Texas State Highway 83 (SH 83) and Farm to Market Road 769 (FM 769) at the Texas–New Mexico state line.

New Mexico State Road 218
State Road 218 (NM 218) is a 1.7-mile-long (2.7 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 218's western terminus is at NM 18 and NM 132 in Hobbs, and the eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 62 (US 62) and US 180 in Hobbs.
Apollo Hospital, Indraprastha
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital is an Indian hospital owned by Apollo Hospitals group, India's largest healthcare chain. Established in 1995, it is the third super specialty tertiary care hospital set by the Apollo Hospitals Group, jointly with the Government of Delhi. It is a 695-bed hospital, with the provision for expansion to 1000 beds in future. The hospital is spread over 15 acres and has a built-up area of 600,000 square feet.

Apollo Hospitals
Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Limited is an Indian multinational healthcare group headquartered in Chennai. It is the largest for-profit private hospital network in India, with a network of 71 owned and managed hospitals. Along with the eponymous hospital chain, the company also operates pharmacies, primary care and diagnostic centres, telehealth clinics, and digital healthcare services among others through its subsidiaries.

The company was founded by Prathap C. Reddy in 1983 as the first corporate healthcare provider in India. Several of Apollo's hospitals have been among the first in India to receive international healthcare accreditation by the America-based Joint Commission International (JCI) as well as NABH accreditation.
Marjorie de Sousa
Marjorie Lissette de Sousa Rivas (born 23 April 1980) is a Venezuelan actress, model, and singer. She was a contestant in the Miss Venezuela 1999 pageant, and made her screen debut in the telenovela Toda mujer (2000). Her accolades include the TVyNovelas Awards, in addition to nominations for the Juventud Awards and People en Español Awards. She has often been singled out as one of the most beautiful Latin women in entertainment industry by some media outlets, and has established herself as one of the most-popular and influential celebrities from Venezuela.

Miss Venezuela
Miss Venezuela (Spanish: Organización Miss Venezuela) is a Venezuelan beauty pageant operated by the Cisneros Group. Founded in 1952, it currently selects Venezuelan representatives to Miss Universe, Miss World, and Miss International. The current national director of Miss Venezuela is Miss Universe 2013 Gabriela Isler.

The current Miss Venezuela is Clara Vegas Goetz of Miranda who was crowned on 4 December 2025 at the Centro Comercial Líder in Caracas, Venezuela.
The Singing Marine
The Singing Marine is a 1937 American musical film directed by Ray Enright and Busby Berkeley and starring Dick Powell. It was the last of Powell's trio of service-related Warners films:  1934's Flirtation Walk paid tribute, of sorts, to the Army, and 1935's Shipmates Forever to the Navy. This one is distinguished by its two musical sequences directed by Busby Berkeley.

Dick Powell
Richard Ewing Powell (November 14, 1904 – January 2, 1963) was an American actor, singer, musician, producer, director, and studio head. Though he came to stardom as a musical comedy performer, he showed versatility and successfully transformed into a hardboiled leading man, starring in projects of a more dramatic nature. He was the first actor to portray private detective Philip Marlowe on screen.
Universal portfolio algorithm
The universal portfolio algorithm is a portfolio selection algorithm from the field of machine learning and information theory. The algorithm learns adaptively from historical data and maximizes log-optimal growth rate in the long run, per the Kelly criterion. It was introduced by the late Stanford University information theorist Thomas M. Cover.

The algorithm rebalances the portfolio at the beginning of each trading period. At the beginning of the first trading period it starts with a naive diversification. In the following trading periods the portfolio composition depends on the historical total return of all possible constant-rebalanced portfolios.

The universal portfolio algorithm is the predecessor of the various online portfolio selection methodologies.

Online portfolio selection
Online portfolio selection (OPS) 



is an algorithm-based

trading strategy that seeks to optimise investment returns.
It was first implemented in 2012 by Bin Li and Bin Hoi at Wuhan University
(with the universal portfolio algorithm as predecessor).
OPS is contrasted with more traditional approaches to portfolio optimization: 

while mean-variance optimization seeks to balance risk and return, OPS specifically aims to maximize cumulative wealth, drawing on the Kelly approach to maximizing long-term expected value. 
Here, OPS sequentially allocates capital among a group of assets, employing, as appropriate, one of several portfolio selection strategies:

Follow the leader

Follow the loser

Fuzzy approach

Risk assessment

Follow either winner or loser

Pattern recognition based
Dudley
Dudley (/ˈdʌdli/ DUD-lee, locally [ˈdʊdləi̯]) is a market town in the West Midlands, England, 6 miles (9.7 km) southeast of Wolverhampton and 8 miles (13 km) northwest of Birmingham. Historically part of Worcestershire, the town is the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley. In the 2011 census, it had a population of 79,379. The wider Metropolitan Borough had a population of 312,900. In 2014, the borough council adopted a slogan describing Dudley as the capital of the Black Country, a title by which it had long been informally known.

Originally a market town, Dudley was one of the birthplaces of the Industrial Revolution and grew into an industrial centre in the 19th century with its iron, coal, and limestone industries before their decline and the relocation of its commercial centre to the nearby Merry Hill Shopping Centre in the 1980s. Tourist attractions include Dudley Zoo and Castle, the 12th-century priory ruins, and the Black Country Living Museum.

Black Country
The Black Country is a loosely defined area of England's West Midlands. It is mainly urban, covering most of the Dudley and Sandwell metropolitan boroughs, with the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton. The 14-mile (23 km) road between Wolverhampton and Birmingham was described as "one continuous town" in 1785.

The area was one of the Industrial Revolution's birthplaces. Its name was first recorded in the 1840s, and derives either from the 30 foot (9.1 m) thick coal seam close to the surface or the production of coal, coke, iron, glass, bricks and steel which produced high levels of soot and air pollution.
Cloppenburg Speedway
Cloppenburg Speedway is a German motorcycle speedway team called MSC Cloppenburg and a speedway track known as the MSC Arena Cloppenburg, which is located in the eastern outskirts of Cloppenburg on Boschstraße.

Cloppenburg
Cloppenburg (German: [ˈklɔpm̩ˌbʊʁk] ⓘ; Low German: Cloppenborg; Saterland Frisian: Kloppenbuurich [ˈklɔpənˌbuːrɪx]) is a town in Lower Saxony, in north-western Germany, capital of Cloppenburg District and part of Oldenburg Münsterland. It lies 38 km south-south-west of Oldenburg in the Weser-Ems region between Bremen and the Dutch border. Cloppenburg is not far from the A1, the major motorway connecting the Ruhr area to Bremen and Hamburg. Another major road is the federal highway B213 being the shortest link from the Netherlands to the A1 and thus to Bremen and Hamburg.
Goodrington Sands railway station
Goodrington Sands railway station is on the Dartmouth Steam Railway, a heritage railway in Devon, England. It is close to Goodrington Sands beach and the Splashdown Quaywest water park in Paignton. There has been no scheduled service at the station since 2020.

Paignton railway station
Paignton railway station serves the town and seaside resort of Paignton in Devon, England. It is 222 miles 12 chains (358 km) from London Paddington, via Box. It opened in 1859 and is now the terminus of Riviera Line services from Exeter and heritage services on the Dartmouth Steam Railway from Kingswear.
Culmination (album)
Culmination is an album by multi-instrumentalist and composer Sam Rivers. It was recorded during September 1998 at Systems Two Recording Studio in Brooklyn, New York, at the same sessions that yielded the album Inspiration, and was released in 1999 by BMG France. On the album, Rivers is joined by members of the Rivbea All-star Orchestra: saxophonists Greg Osby, Steve Coleman, Chico Freeman, Gary Thomas, and Hamiet Bluiett, trumpeters Baikida Carroll, James Zollar, Ralph Alessi, and Ravi Best, trombonists Art Baron, Joseph Bowie, and Ray Anderson, baritone horn player Joseph Daley, tubist Bob Stewart, bassist Doug Mathews, and drummer Anthony Cole.

Ralph Alessi
Ralph Alessi (born March 5, 1963) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and ECM recording artist. Alessi is known as a virtuosic performer whose critically-acclaimed projects include his Baida Quartet, with Jason Moran, Drew Gress, and Nasheet Waits, and This Against That, his quintet with Andy Milne, Gress, Mark Ferber, and Ravi Coltrane. Alessi has also recorded and performed with artists including Steve Coleman, Uri Caine, Fred Hersch, and Don Byron.

Alessi is known for his work as an educator, and in 2001 he founded the School for Improvisational Music in Brooklyn, New York. He has taught at the Eastman School of Music, NYU, NEC, the University of Nevada, Reno, Siena Jazz University, and University of the Arts Bern.
The Flight Before Christmas (2015 film)
The Flight Before Christmas is a 2015 American Christmas television film directed by Peter Sullivan. It was released on December 5, 2015. The film stars Mayim Bialik and Ryan McPartlin as two people whose flight home for Christmas is diverted, leaving them to spend the holidays together.

Mayim Bialik
Mayim Chaya Bialik (/ˈmaɪɪm biˈɑːlɪk/ MY-im bee-AH-lik; born December 12, 1975) is an American actress and former game show host. From 1991 to 1995, she played the title character of the NBC sitcom Blossom. From 2010 to 2019, she played neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory, for which she was nominated four times for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series and won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series in 2015 and 2017. Bialik shared hosting duties of Jeopardy! with Ken Jennings on a rotating basis between August 2021 and December 2023.
Wisconsin's 29th Assembly district
The 29th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in western Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Buffalo and Pepin counties, along with most of Pierce County, and much of Trempealeau County.  It includes the cities of Alma, Arcadia, Blair, Buffalo City, Durand, Fountain City, Independence, Mondovi, Prescott, and Whitehall.  The district also contains Trempealeau National Wildlife Refuge and Perrot State Park.  The district is represented by Republican Treig Pronschinske, since January 2025; Pronschinske previously represented the 92nd district from 2017 to 2025.

The 29th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 10th Senate district, along with the 28th and 30th Assembly districts.

Northern portions of the 29th assembly district are within the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Area.

Alma Historic District

Trempealeau Mountain in Perrot State Park

Prescott, Wisconsin

Wisconsin's 30th Assembly district
The 30th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in western Wisconsin, the district comprises parts of southwest St. Croix County and northwest Pierce County.  It includes the cities of Hudson and River Falls, as well as the village of North Hudson.  It also contains the University of Wisconsin–River Falls campus, Willow River State Park, and Kinnickinnic State Park.  The district is represented by Republican Shannon Zimmerman, since January 2017.

The 30th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 10th Senate district, along with the 28th and 29th Assembly districts.

The 30th Assembly district is contained within the Wisconsin portion of the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Area.

Willow Falls in Willow River State Park

South Hall, on the University of Wisconsin–River Falls campus

John S. Moffat House in Hudson

Downtown Hudson
Jon and Al Kaplan
Jonathan Z. "Jon" Kaplan (born April 6, 1976) and Alexander "Al" Kaplan (born July 23, 1978) are brothers who are American composers, lyricists and comedy writers. They are best known for creating the musical Silence! The Musical, a parody of the film The Silence of the Lambs, which began life on the internet in 2002 before becoming a successful stage musical starting in 2005. They have also created musical parodies of other films and television shows, including various Arnold Schwarzenegger films such as Conan the Barbarian, Predator and Commando. Jon and Al scored and co-wrote the films Zombeavers (2014) and The Drone (2019), along with the Shudder series Critters: A New Binge (2019).

Silence! The Musical
Silence! The Musical is a 2005 musical created by Jon Kaplan and Al Kaplan as a parody of the 1991 Academy Award-winning film The Silence of the Lambs, which is in turn based on 1988 novel of the same name by Thomas Harris. The musical is itself based on a parody screenplay of the same name written by Jon Kaplan and Al Kaplan.
Gunjō (manga)
Gunjō (羣青; lit. "Ultramarine") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ching Nakamura. It was serialized in Kodansha's Monthly Morning Two from June 2007 to June 2009, before being canceled, and the manga continued its publication in Shogakukan's Monthly Ikki from February 2010 to January 2012. Shogakukan collected its chapters in three tankōbon volumes. A live-action film adaptation produced by Netflix, titled Ride or Die, premiered worldwide in April 2021.

Monthly Ikki
Monthly Ikki (Japanese: 月刊IKKI, Hepburn: Gekkan Ikki) was a monthly seinen manga magazine published by Shogakukan. It tended to specialize in underground or alternative manga, but it had its share of major hits as well. The magazine started in 2000 as a spin-off to Shogakukan's Weekly Big Comic Spirits, titled Spirits Zōkan Ikki, published on a bimonthly basis, and became a standalone monthly magazine in 2003. In 2009, Viz Media launched an online English version of Monthly Ikki, named SigIkki, which serialized selected titles from the magazine. Ikki ceased publication after an almost 14-year-run in 2014, and was replaced by Hibana, which ran from 2015 to 2017, before ceasing its publication as well.
Innaloo, Western Australia
Innaloo is a suburb of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, 9 km (5.6 mi) from Perth's central business district in the local government area of the City of Stirling.

Innaloo is an established residential suburb that is home to the Westfield Innaloo and Westfield Innaloo Megacentre shopping centres, and is adjacent to Perth's largest cinema complex, the 18-cinema Event Cinemas.

Westfield Innaloo
Westfield Innaloo is a major shopping centre in the northern suburbs of Perth. It is located at the corner of Scarborough Beach Road and Ellen Stirling Boulevard in Innaloo, approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north-west of the Perth central business district. The shopping centre is approximately 1 kilometre (0.62 mi), or 3 minutes by bus, from Stirling railway station, and is part of Stirling City Centre.
Norman Rush
Norman Rush (born October 24, 1933) is an American writer most of whose introspective novels and short stories are set in Botswana in the 1980s.
He won the U.S. National Book Award and the 1992 Irish Times/Aer Lingus International Fiction Prize for his novel Mating.

Mating (novel)
Mating (1991) is a novel by American author Norman Rush. It is a first-person narrative by an unnamed American anthropology graduate student in Botswana around 1980.  It focuses on her relationship with Nelson Denoon, a controversial American social scientist who has founded an experimental matriarchal village in the Kalahari Desert.

Mating won the 1991 National Book Award for Fiction. The novel experienced a resurgence of popularity in the 2020s.
Umami Burger
Umami Burger is a hamburger restaurant chain. The name refers to the umami (savory) flavor. The restaurant was founded by Adam Fleischman, and was formerly part of a larger Umami Restaurant Group. Umami Burger offered waiter service, and most locations had a full bar. Its first restaurant opened in Los Angeles in 2009. As of 2017, Umami Burger had over 25 locations across California, Florida, Illinois, Japan, Nevada, and New York.

In 2016, Sam Nazarian's global hospitality company, SBE Entertainment Group, became the majority shareholder of Umami Restaurant Group and announced plans to accelerate the restaurant's global expansion. In 2021, Alvin Cailan was named the head chef of Umami Burger.

Alvin Cailan
Alvin Cailan (born 1983) is an American chef, author, and television host. He is the host of First We Feast’s The Burger Show which airs on YouTube and Hulu. Cailan launched Eggslut, a food truck that specialized in egg sandwiches. The food truck quickly became popular and often had waits that stretched to two hours long. Eggslut has brick-and-mortar locations, including at Los Angeles' Grand Central Market and Venice, Glendale, and Las Vegas. Cailan was named the head chef of Umami Burger in 2021.
Old Farmer's Almanac
The Old Farmer's Almanac is an almanac containing weather forecasts, planting charts, astronomical data, recipes, and articles. Topics include gardening, sports, astronomy, folklore, and predictions on trends in fashion, food, home, technology, and living for the coming year.  Published every September, The Old Farmer's Almanac has been published continuously since 1792, making it the oldest continuously published periodical in North America. It is considered “a gardener’s bible”, including gardening articles and the best days for planting crops. It is published by Yankee Publishing Inc. which also publishes a Canadian edition to cover all of North America. The publication follows in the heritage of American almanacs such as Benjamin Franklin’s Poor Richard's Almanack.

Farmers' Almanac
Farmers' Almanac is an annual American periodical that has been in continuous publication since 1818. Published by Geiger of Lewiston, Maine, the Farmers' Almanac provides long-range weather predictions for both the U.S. and Canada. The periodical also provides calendars and articles on topics such as full moon dates, folklore, natural remedies, and the best days to do various outdoor activities.

Each new year's edition is released at the end of August of the previous year and contains 16 months of weather predictions broken into 7 zones for the continental U.S., as well as seasonal weather maps for the winter and summer ahead.

The publication follows in the heritage of American almanacs such as Benjamin Franklin’s Poor Richard's Almanack.

The Farmers' Almanac will cease production after the current 2026 edition.
Sport coat
A sport coat or sports jacket is a men's smart casual lounge jacket designed to be worn on its own without matching trousers, traditionally for sporting purposes. Styles, fabrics, colours and patterns are more varied than in most suits; sturdier and thicker fabrics are commonly used, such as corduroy, hopsack, flannel, linen, and tweed.

Originally, sports coats were worn as appropriate attire for participating in certain outdoor sports. With time, they were adopted by those attending such events, and came to be used on more formal occasions, sometimes being used in school uniforms.

Tweed
Tweed is a rough, woollen fabric, of a soft, open, flexible texture, resembling cheviot or homespun, but more closely woven. It is usually woven with a plain weave, twill or herringbone structure. Colour effects in the yarn may be obtained by mixing dyed wool before it is spun.

Tweeds are a staple of traditional Scottish, Irish, Welsh, and English clothing, being desirable for informal outerwear, due to the material being moisture-resistant and durable. Tweeds are made to withstand harsh climates and are commonly worn for outdoor activities such as shooting and hunting. In Ireland, tweed manufacturing is now most associated with County Donegal but originally covered the whole country. In Scotland, tweed manufacturing is most associated with the Isle of Harris in the Hebrides.