hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Product differentiation
In economics, strategic management and marketing, product differentiation (or simply "differentiation") is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors' products as well as from a firm's other products. The concept was proposed by Edward Chamberlin in his 1933 book, The Theory of Monopolistic Competition.

There are three types of product differentiation:

Horizontal differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which is subjectively evaluated by consumers

Vertical differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which can be objectively evaluated by consumers

Mixed differentiation: A combination of horizontal and vertical differentiation factors.

Positioning (marketing)
In marketing, positioning is the mental perception of a product or brand by customers. Brand and product positioning methods include product differentiation, advertising, market segmentation, and business models such as the marketing mix.

The origins of the concept of positioning concept are unclear. Scholars suggest that it may have emerged from the burgeoning advertising industry in the period following World War I. The concept was popularised by advertising executives Al Ries and Jack Trout and further developed by academics Schaefer and Kuehlwein, who extended the concept to include the meaning carried by a brand. Positioning is now a regular marketing activity and forms part of overarching marketing strategy theory.
Harewood, New Zealand
Harewood (/hɛrwʊd/) is a northwestern suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. The suburb is split by State Highway 1, with the bulk of Harewood's residential areas to the east of the highway and its industrial areas to the west.  The suburb is a major transport hub and it encompasses the International Antarctic Centre.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
Secret Window
Secret Window is a 2004 American thriller film starring Johnny Depp and John Turturro. It was written and directed by David Koepp, based on the novella Secret Window, Secret Garden by Stephen King, featuring a musical score by Philip Glass and Geoff Zanelli. The story appeared in King's 1990 collection Four Past Midnight and follows a struggling writer who is terrorized by an elusive adversary while dealing with an ongoing divorce from his estranged wife and tolerating her new husband. The film was released on March 12, 2004, by Sony Pictures Releasing through its Columbia Pictures label; it was a moderate box office success and received mixed reviews from critics.

Four Past Midnight
Four Past Midnight is a collection of novellas written by Stephen King in 1988 and 1989 and published in August 1990. It is his second book of this type, the first one being Different Seasons. The collection won the Bram Stoker Award in 1990 for Best Collection and was nominated for a Locus Award in 1991. In the introduction, King says that, while a collection of four novellas like Different Seasons, this book is more strictly horror with elements of the supernatural.
The Stranger (newspaper)
The Stranger is an alternative news and commentary publication in Seattle, Washington. Founded in 1991 by Tim Keck and cartoonist James Sturm, it has a progressive orientation. The paper's principal competitor was the Seattle Weekly until 2019 when the Weekly ceased print publication. Originally published weekly, The Stranger became biweekly in 2017 and suspended print publication during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, resuming publication of a quarterly arts magazine in March 2023 and further increasing its print issues in 2025. It also publishes online content and political endorsements for liberal or progressive candidates.

Tim Keck
Timothy A. Keck (born 1967) is an American newspaper publisher and satirist, best known for co-founding the satirical newspaper The Onion in 1988. After selling it the following year, he founded the free, weekly alternative newspaper The Stranger in 1991.
Baisan Monpon
Baisan Monpon (梅山聞本, died 1417) was a Sōtō Zen monk. He received dharma transmission from Gasan Jōseki and is considered a patriarch by the Sōtō school. He authored the Zenkai-ron (Treatise on Zen Precepts).

His disciple Jochū Tengin (如仲天誾), who founded Akiba Souhonden Kasuisai in 1394, is considered his successor in the line of patriarchs. His other disciples included Taisho (太初継覚) and Ketsudo Nosho (傑堂能勝), who founded Kōun-ji Temple in 1394.

Jochū Tengin
Jochū Tengin (如仲天誾, also 恕仲天誾; 1363-1437) was a Sōtō Zen monk. He received dharma transmission from Baisan Monpon and is considered a patriarch by the Sōtō school.

By the time of Jochū, the institution and organization of the Keizan line of Sōtō Zen was complete. His disciples, Kisan Shōsan and Shingan Dōkū, started separate dharma lineages that are honored in different temples within the school.
Virginia State Route 415
State Route 415 (SR 415) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. The state highway runs 2.59 miles (4.17 km) from U.S. Route 258 (US 258) east to SR 351 within the independent city of Hampton.

Virginia State Route 351
State Route 351 (SR 351) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known for most of its length as Pembroke Avenue, the state highway runs 8.81 miles (14.18 km) from U.S. Route 60 (US 60) in Newport News east to Second Street in Hampton.
Tim Hollis
Timothy Stancliffe Hollis, CBE, QPM is a retired British police officer who was Chief Constable of Humberside Police and Vice-President of the Association of Chief Police Officers. Before joining the police, he served in the British Army as an officer of the Parachute Regiment.

Humberside Police
Humberside Police is the territorial police force responsible for policing the former county of Humberside, made up of the unitary authorities of East Riding of Yorkshire, Kingston upon Hull, North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire.
Natasha Friend
Children and Young Adult Literature portal

Natasha Friend (born April 28, 1972 in Norwich, New York) is an American author. Her first three books are the award-winning, young adult novels Perfect, Lush, and Bounce.

Perfect (Friend novel)
Perfect is a children's novel by American author Natasha Friend, first published in 2004 by Milkweed Editions. Perfect won the  Milkweed Prize for Children's Literature in 2004. This book is about a young girl's struggle with bulimia nervosa.
Henny Scholtz
Hendrik Jacobus "Henny" Scholtz (born 30 January 1911 in Amsterdam) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Enoshima. Scholtz, as crew on the Dutch Dragon took the 13th place with helmsman Wim van Duyl, fellow crew member Jan Jongkind (Race 1 – 4) and Dick Wayboer (Race 5 – 7).

In the 1936 Olympics in Kiel Scholtz was substitute for the Dutch Star who took the Bronze medal. Scholtz was also heavily involved in the preparation of the Dutch Olympic Sailing Team for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Tallinn.

Dick Wayboer
Dirk "Dick" Wayboer (11 May 1936, Jisp) is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Enoshima. Wayboer, as crew (Race 3 – 7) on the Dutch Dragon took the 13th place with helmsman Wim van Duyl, fellow crew member Henny Scholtz and Jan Jongkind (Race 1 – 2).
Sarah Podemski
Sarah Podemski (born 1983) is a Canadian actress, best known for her supporting role as Rita in the television series Reservation Dogs, as well as the voice of Sky in Total Drama.

The sister of actresses Tamara Podemski and Jennifer Podemski, she is of mixed Saulteaux and Polish Jewish ancestry.

Her other noted performances have included the film Empire of Dirt, the television series Cashing In, and The Artshow, a theatrical tribute to artist Daphne Odjig in which she acted alongside Jani Lauzon, Lorne Cardinal, Sean Dixon and Gloria Eshkibok.

She was a winner of the award for Best Supporting Actress at the 2015 American Indian Film Festival for her performance in the film Mekko.

Jennifer Podemski
Jennifer Podemski (born May 3, 1973) is a Canadian film and television actress and producer.

Her acting credits include starring roles in the television series Tin Star, The Rez, Riverdale, Moccasin Flats, Bliss, and Moose TV, and the films Dance Me Outside, The Diviners, and Empire of Dirt, as well as supporting or guest roles in Degrassi, Republic of Doyle, The Eleventh Hour, Blue Murder, Wild Card, This Is Wonderland, Rabbit Fall, The Border, and Maniac Mansion. Her production credits include Rabbit Fall, Moccasin Flats, and Empire of Dirt.
Frank Tate (musician)
Frank Eastman Tate (born July 18, 1943) is an American jazz double-bassist. He plays a five-string double-bass.

Tate was born in Washington, DC but raised in Arlington, Virginia, where he learned to play trumpet in his youth. He picked up bass when he was 23 years old, and from 1972 to 1975 was the house bassist at the Blues Alley club. He relocated to New York City in 1975, and in the later 1970s played with Bobby Hackett, Dave McKenna, Red Balaban, and Marian McPartland. He joined Zoot Sims's band in 1980 and worked with him until 1983. He led a band in Ireland at the Queen's University Festival in 1983 that featured Al Cohn, John Bunch, Billy Hart, and Spanky Davis; he played the festival again in 1985 with Scott Hamilton, Dave McKenna, and Davis once again. Later, in the 1980s, he played with Pearl Bailey, Ruby Braff, and the Alden-Barrett Quintet.

Scott Hamilton (musician)
Scott Hamilton (born September 12, 1954) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist associated with swing and straight-ahead jazz. His eldest son, Shō Īmura, is the vocalist of the Japanese rock band Okamoto's.
Chhavi Pandey
Chhavi Pandey is an Indian television actress known for playing Tara in Life OK's Ek Boond Ishq, Namrata Singh in Star Bharat's mystery thriller Kaal Bhairav Rahasya and Prarthana Kashyap in Sony TV's Ladies Special 2 and Uttara/Maya in Anupamaa.

Anupamaa
Anupamaa is an Indian Hindi-language television drama series that premiered on 13 July 2020 on StarPlus and streams digitally on Disney+ Hotstar. Produced by Rajan Shahi and Deepa Shahi under the banner of Director's Kut Productions, it is a remake of Star Jalsha's Bengali series Sreemoyee. It is one of the longest-running Indian television soap opera. Rupali Ganguly plays the titular role and formerly starred Sudhanshu Pandey, Madalsa Sharma and Gaurav Khanna. Since October 2024, the series stars Ganguly with Adrija Roy (replaced Alisha Parveen Khan) and Shivam Khajuria as second-generation leads.

The show revolves around Anupamaa Shah, a homemaker whose family has a low opinion of her and whose husband cheats on her. She gains more self-respect and becomes more independent. She navigates relationships and societal expectations while on her path of personal growth.
Stenomesseae
Stenomesseae was a tribe (in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae), where it forms part of the Andean clade, one of two American clades. The tribe was originally described by Traub in his monograph on the Amaryllidaceae in 1963, as Stenomessae based on the type genus Stenomesson. In 1995 it was recognised that Eustephieae was a distinct group separate from the other Stenomesseae. Subsequently, the Müller-Doblies' (1996) divided tribe Eustephieae into two subtribes, Stenomessinae and Eustephiinae.

The advent of molecular phylogenetics showed that the Stemomesseae (including Stenomesson) was polyphyletic. Consequently, a separate tribe (Clinantheae) was created from one group and the remainder, which segregated with Eucharideae was treated as another tribe. Initially it was suggested that this combined tribe be referred to as a newly circumscribed Stenomesseae, but subsequently the term Eucharideae has been conserved.

Clinantheae
Clinantheae is a tribe (in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae), where it forms part of the Andean clade, one of two American clades. The tribe was described in 2000 by Alan Meerow et al. as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study of the American Amaryllidoideae. This demonstrated that the tribe Stenomesseae, including the type genus Stenomesson was polyphyletic. Part of the tribe segregated with the Eucharideae and were submerged into it, while the other part formed a unique subclade. Since the type species of Stenomesson was not part of the second subclade, it was necessary to form a new name for the remaining species together with the other genera that remained. This was Clinanthus, the oldest name for these species, and consequently the tribe Clinantheae.
Poe Dameron
Poe Dameron is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. He was introduced in the 2015 film The Force Awakens, and is portrayed by Oscar Isaac. Poe is an X-wing fighter pilot for the Resistance who inadvertently brings the renegade stormtrooper Finn and the Jakku scavenger Rey into battle against the First Order. The character is featured in The Force Awakens media and merchandising as well as an eponymous comic book series. He returns in the film's sequels The Last Jedi (2017) and The Rise of Skywalker (2019), the animated series Star Wars Resistance (2018–2020) and the television specials The Lego Star Wars Holiday Special (2020), Terrifying Tales (2021) and Summer Vacation (2022). Isaac's performance and the character have received positive reviews, with Poe's characterization being compared to that of Han Solo in the original Star Wars film trilogy.

Lego Star Wars: Terrifying Tales
Lego Star Wars: Terrifying Tales is a 2021 animated special based on the Star Wars franchise, and produced by Lucasfilm Animation and The Lego Group alongside Atomic Cartoons. Like The Lego Star Wars Holiday Special, it is directed by Ken Cunningham from a script written by David Shayne. A stand-alone sequel to the Star Wars sequel trilogy, the special was released on Disney+ on October 1, 2021.
Eagles Live
Eagles Live is the first live album by the American rock band the Eagles, a two-LP set released on November 7, 1980. Although the Eagles were already in the process of breaking up, the band owed Elektra/Asylum Records one more album and fulfilled that contractual obligation with a release of performances from the Hotel California and The Long Run tours.

Eagles Live was mixed by Glenn Frey and Don Henley on opposite coasts in Los Angeles and Miami, respectively, and as producer Bill Szymczyk put it, the record's harmony and instrument fixes were made "courtesy of Federal Express." The 1983 Rolling Stone Record Guide said it is "perhaps the most heavily overdubbed [live album] in history." "Seven Bridges Road," a Steve Young cover, was released as a single and became a top-40 hit.

Seven Bridges Road
"Seven Bridges Road" is a song written by American musician Steve Young, recorded in 1969 for his Rock Salt & Nails album. It has since been covered by many artists, the best-known versions being a five-part harmony arrangement by English musician Iain Matthews in 1973 and a similar version recorded by the American rock band the Eagles in 1980.
Chris Abbott (ice hockey)
Chris Abbott (born October 24, 1983) is a Canadian former ice hockey player, who last played with HV71 of the SHL. He has also been general manager for the club.

His twin brother Cam Abbott, who was also a professional hockey player, is the current head coach for Chicago Wolves, and they played together on several teams.

Cam Abbott
Cameron Abbott (born October 24, 1983) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, best known for his time with Luleå HF in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was the head coach of the AHL's Chicago Wolves from June 2024 until his dismissal in December 2025.
Stardom Sunshine 2023
Stardom Sunshine 2023 (スターダムサンシャイン2023, Sutādamusanshain 2023) was a professional wrestling event promoted by World Wonder Ring Stardom. The event took place on June 25, 2023, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium.

Seven matches were contested at the event, including two on the pre-show, and two of Stardom's nine championships were on the line. The main event saw Queen's Quest (Lady C, Hina, AphrOditE (Utami Hayashishita and Saya Kamitani) and 02line (AZM and Miyu Amasaki)) defeat Oedo Tai (Gold Ship (Natsuko Tora, Saki Kashima and Momo Watanabe) and YoungOED (Starlight Kid, Ruaka and Rina)) in a Loser leaves unit cage match, resulting in Kashima leaving Oedo Tai.

Saya Kamitani
Saya Kamitani (上谷沙弥, Kamitani Saya; born November 28, 1996) is a Japanese professional wrestler and former idol. She is signed to World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she is a member of the villainous H.A.T.E. stable and has been the World of Stardom Champion since December 2024.

Kamitani is a former Wonder of Stardom Champion, a High Speed Champion, a two-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion, and the 2021 Cinderella Tournament winner. She  was the Pro Wrestling Wave 2024 Catch the Wave winner and is a former Regina di Wave champion. In New Japan Pro Wrestling, she is a former Strong Women's Champion.

She briefly led the Queen's Quest stable between June and July 2024.
Gmina Raba Wyżna
Gmina Raba Wyżna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Targ County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Raba Wyżna, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Nowy Targ and 55 km (34 mi) south of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 88.28 square kilometres (34.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 13,525.

Raba Wyżna
Raba Wyżna is a village in Poland, situated in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Nowy Targ County. It is a seat of Raba Wyżna Commune. As of 2006, the village had 4116 inhabitants. Raba Wyżna is also the birthplace of Stanisław Dziwisz, trusted secretary to Pope John Paul II.
KWTL
KWTL (1370 AM) is a radio station licensed to Grand Forks, North Dakota which airs Catholic talk radio programming. It is the flagship station for Real Presence Radio, and also airs Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) National radio programming and features local shows like "Real Presence Live" plus interviews and guests from across the Red River Valley and the Area Dioceses. KWTL also broadcasts on translator K223DF (92.5 FM) in Grand Forks.

KWTL's signal covers parts of three states and two Canadian provinces. It is the second oldest radio station in North Dakota, after WDAY in Fargo.

Real Presence Radio
Real Presence Radio is a lay apostolate Catholic talk radio network in the United States, with stations and translators (low power re-broadcasters) in North Dakota, Minnesota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming covering five states and parts of two Canadian provinces. The network's headquarters and main studios are in Fargo, North Dakota. The network also carries some programming from the national EWTN Radio network.
Miranda Veringmeier
Miranda Veringmeier (born 22 July 1992) is a Dutch cricketer who plays as a right-handed batter and wicket-keeper. She has played 15 One Day Internationals and 17 Twenty20 Internationals for the Netherlands since making her debut in 2008, at the age of 15. She also played for the Netherlands in the English domestic system between 2009 and 2015, and played for Worcestershire in 2016. In October 2021, Veringmeier announced her retirement from international cricket.

Worcestershire Women cricket team
The Worcestershire Women's cricket team is the women's representative cricket team for the English historic county of Worcestershire. They play their home games at various grounds across the county, including Chester Road, Kidderminster and Stourbridge Road, Himley. They are captained by Chloe Hill. In 2019, they played in Division Two of the final season of the Women's County Championship, and have since competed in the Women's Twenty20 Cup. They are partnered with the West Midlands regional side Central Sparks.
Rohini Bhate
Rohini Bhate (14 November 1924 – 10 October 2008) was among the senior most Kathak dance exponents in India, who developed as a performer, teacher, writer, researcher and critic this Indian classical dance. During her career, she was awarded with several recognitions, such as the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, and the Kalidas Samman.

Rohini studied Kathak from Jaipur and Lucknow gharanas. She created a large corpus of dance compositions, where she applied an analytical and innovative approach to abhinaya. Due to her knowledge in Hindustani classical music, she often composed the music for her dance creations. According to the critic Sunil Kothari, her choreography for Shakuntala, directed by Vijaya Mehta, is noteworthy. Her choreography of Kālidāsa's Ṛtusaṃhāra and Usba Sukta from Rigveda was also well acclaimed.

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (IAST: Saṅgīta Nāṭaka Akādamī Puraskāra), also known as the Akademi Puraskar, is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. It is the highest Indian recognition given to people in the field of performing arts.

In 2003, the award consisted of Rs. 50,000, a citation, an angavastram (a shawl), and a tamrapatra (a brass plaque). Since 2009, the cash prize has been increased to ₹1,00,000. The awards are given in the categories of music, dance, theatre, other traditional arts and puppetry, and for contribution/scholarship in performing arts.
Week-End at the Waldorf
Week-End at the Waldorf is a 1945 American comedy drama film directed by Robert Z. Leonard and starring Ginger Rogers, Lana Turner, Walter Pidgeon, and Van Johnson. The film follows the misadventures of several guests and employees of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, including a Hollywood actress (Rogers), a stenographer (Turner), an Air Force captain (Johnson) and a war correspondent (Pidgeon). Its screenplay is based on Vicki Baum's novel Grand Hotel and Baum's subsequent stage adaptation of her novel; both of which also served as the source material for the 1932 film Grand Hotel. Guy Bolton is credited with adapting Baum's play for the film with Samuel and Bella Spewack as screenwriters.

Vicki Baum
Hedwig "Vicki" Baum (/baʊm/; January 24, 1888 – August 29, 1960) was an Austrian writer. She is known for the novel Menschen im Hotel ('People at a Hotel', 1929 — published in English as Grand Hotel), one of her first international successes. It was made into a 1932 film and a 1989 Broadway musical.