hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1944)
The Revolutionary Communist Party was a British Trotskyist group, formed in 1944 and active until 1949, which published the newspaper Socialist Appeal and a theoretical journal, Workers International News. The party was the ancestor of the three main currents of British Trotskyism: Gerry Healy's Workers Revolutionary Party, Ted Grant's Militant and Tony Cliff's Socialist Workers Party.

Tony Cliff
Tony Cliff (born Yigael Glückstein, Hebrew: יגאל גליקשטיין; 20 May 1917 – 9 April 2000) was a Trotskyist activist. Born to a Jewish family in Ottoman Palestine, he moved to Britain in 1947 and by the end of the 1950s had assumed the pen name of Tony Cliff. A founding member of the Socialist Review Group, which became the International Socialists and then the Socialist Workers Party, in 1977. Cliff was effectively the leader of all three.
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (German: [ˈbɛsl̩]; 22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846) was a German astronomer, mathematician, physicist, and geodesist. He was the first astronomer who determined reliable values for the distance from the Sun to another star by the method of parallax. Certain important mathematical functions were first studied systematically by Bessel and were named Bessel functions in his honour.

Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi
Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi (/dʒəˈkoʊbi/; German: [jaˈkoːbi]; 10 December 1804 – 18 February 1851) was a German mathematician who made fundamental contributions to elliptic functions, dynamics, differential equations, determinants and number theory.
Mark Sawers
Mark Sawers is a Canadian film director and writer. Best known for his feature films Camera Shy and No Men Beyond This Point, he is also a four-time Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama for his films Stroke at the 13th Genie Awards, Hate Mail at the 14th Genie Awards, Shoes Off! at the 19th Genie Awards and Lonesome Joe at the 24th Genie Awards.

Shoes Off also won the Canal+ Award at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.

As a television director, his credits have included segments of The Kids in the Hall, and episodes of Alienated, Alice, I Think, About a Girl, The Assistants, Mr. Young and Anticlimax.

From Vancouver, British Columbia, Sawers is a graduate of the University of British Columbia.

Hate Mail (film)
Hate Mail is a Canadian short comedy-drama film, directed by Mark Sawers and released in 1993. The film stars Peter Outerbridge as Randall, a writer who works from home. Distracted by the constant noise from their neighbours while his wife Maggie (Molly Parker) is at work, Randall decides to forge eviction notices directed at all of them.

The film was part of a trilogy, with Stroke (1992) and Shoes Off! (1998).

It premiered at the 1993 Montreal World Film Festival.

The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 14th Genie Awards.
How Did This Happen and What Does It Now Mean
How Did This Happen and What Does It Now Mean is the twenty-first studio album by British singer-songwriter Joan Armatrading. The album was released on 22 November 2024 by BMG Rights Management. It was produced solely by Armatrading. A music video for the album's first single, "I'm Not Moving", was released on 2 October 2024.

Joan Armatrading
Joan Anita Barbara Armatrading CBE (/ˈɑːrməˌtreɪdɪŋ/, born 9 December 1950) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist. Her first major commercial success came with her third and fourth albums, Joan Armatrading (1976) and  Show Some Emotion (1977), and she continues to play live and record studio albums. A three-time Grammy Award nominee, Armatrading has also been nominated twice for BRIT Awards as Best Female Artist. She received an Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contemporary Song Collection in 1996.
McDonnell Park
McDonnell Park is a county park in unincorporated Central St. Louis County, between the cities of Overland, St. Ann, Creve Coeur and Maryland Heights, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The park is named in honor of James S. McDonnell, founder of McDonnell Douglas Aircraft.

James Smith McDonnell
James Smith "Mac" McDonnell Jr. (April 9, 1899 – August 22, 1980) was an American aviator, engineer, and businessman. He was an aviation pioneer and founder of McDonnell Aircraft Corporation, later McDonnell Douglas (which is now Boeing, after the latter's  company merger in 1997), and the James S. McDonnell Foundation.
Pont-Audemer
Pont-Audemer (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃.t‿odmɛʁ]) is a commune in the Eure department in the Normandy region in northern France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Saint-Germain-Village was merged into Pont-Audemer.

Saint-Germain-Village
Saint-Germain-Village (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɛʁmɛ̃ vilaʒ]) is a former commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France. On 1 January 2018, it was merged into the commune of Pont-Audemer.
Ha! Ha! Pyramid
The Ha! Ha! Pyramid (French: Pyramide des Ha! Ha!) is a contemporary art monument commemorating the Saguenay flood of 1996. Located in the district of La Baie in Saguenay, Quebec, the pyramid was named after the nearby Ha! Ha! River. Conceived as a form of therapy to help residents recover from the traumatic events of the flood, it is covered in 3,000 yield signs, based on the similarity of pronunciation of the French words for "to yield" (céder [se.de]) and "to help each other" (s'aider [sɛ.de]).

Saguenay flood
The Saguenay flood (French: Déluge du Saguenay) was a series of flash floods on July 19 and 20, 1996 that hit the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. It was the biggest overland flood in 20th-century Canadian history.
Gadgetman and Gimmick-Kid
"Gadgetman and Gimmick-Kid" is a British comic strip published by Fleetway Publications in the boys' comic anthology title Lion between 4 May to 26 October 1968. Written by Superman co-creator Jerry Siegel, it tells the adventures of a pair of American crime-fighting technical geniuses - Gadgetman and his younger sidekick Gimmick Kid - as they battle a variety of outlandish villains.

Jerry Siegel
Jerome "Jerry" Siegel (/ˈsiːɡəl/ SEE-gəl; October 17, 1914 – January 28, 1996) was an American comic book writer. He was the co-creator of Superman, in collaboration with his friend Joe Shuster, published by DC Comics. They also created Doctor Occult, who was later featured in The Books of Magic. Siegel and Shuster were inducted into the comic book industry's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1993. With Bernard Baily, Siegel also co-created the long-running DC character The Spectre. Siegel created ten of the earliest members of the Legion of Super-Heroes, one of DC's most popular team books, which is set in the 30th Century. Siegel also used pseudonyms including Joe Carter and Jerry Ess.
Nilakantha Somayaji
Keļallur Nīlakaṇṭha Somayāji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehensive astronomical treatise Tantrasamgraha completed in 1501. He had also composed an elaborate commentary on Aryabhatiya called  the Aryabhatiya Bhasya. In this Bhasya, Nilakantha had discussed  infinite series expansions of trigonometric functions and  problems of algebra and spherical geometry. Grahapariksakrama is a manual on making observations in astronomy based on instruments of the time.

Aryabhatiya
Aryabhatiya (IAST: Āryabhaṭīya) or Aryabhatiyam (Āryabhaṭīyaṃ), a Sanskrit astronomical treatise, is the magnum opus and only known surviving work of the 5th century Indian mathematician Aryabhata. Historian of astronomy Roger Billard estimates that the book was composed around 510 CE based on historical references it mentions.
Alex Somers
Alex Somers (born March 7, 1984) is an American visual artist and musician from Baltimore, Maryland, who attended Berklee College of Music and Listaháskóli Íslands. Somers lives and works in Los Angeles. Previously he ran a recording studio in downtown Reykjavík where he produced, engineered, and mixed since 2010.

He and his former partner Jónsi, with whom he split in 2019, produce music and visual art under the name Jónsi & Alex. The pair have released an album and a picture book, both titled Riceboy Sleeps. Jónsi and Somers have also collaborated on Jónsi's solo project. Somers co-produced and played instruments on Jónsi's album Go. He then joined Jónsi in his five-piece live band, playing guitar and keyboards for the world tour in support of Go. Somers has produced and mixed a large number of records, including those of Sigur Rós, Jónsi, Julianna Barwick, Briana Marela, Death Vessel, Sin Fang, and Pascal Pinon.

Somers has been vegan since 2004, and a raw vegan since 2007.

Sigur Rós
Sigur Rós (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsɪːɣʏrous] ⓘ) is an Icelandic post-rock band that formed in 1994 in Reykjavík. It comprises lead vocalist and guitarist Jón Þór "Jónsi" Birgisson, bassist Georg Hólm, and keyboardist Kjartan Sveinsson. Known for their ethereal sound, frontman Jónsi's falsetto vocals, and their use of bowed guitar, Sigur Rós incorporate classical and minimal aesthetic elements. Jónsi's vocals are sung in Icelandic and non-linguistic vocalisations the band terms Vonlenska. They have released eight studio albums, and attracted critical and commercial attention with their second album Ágætis byrjun.
George McKenzie (boxer)
George McKenzie (22 September 1900 – 5 April 1941) was a Scottish bantamweight professional boxer who competed in the 1920s. His brother James MacKenzie, a flyweight, won Olympic silver in 1924 in Paris. He was born in Leith.

Clarence Walker (boxer)
Clarence Leonard "Sal" Walker (13 December 1898 – 30 April 1957) was a South African bantamweight professional boxer who competed in the early 1920s. He won the gold medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics, defeating Chris Graham in the final.
Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.

Statistical hypothesis test
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a p-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy.
Kasper König
Rudolf Hans "Kasper" König (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuː.dɔlf ˈhans ˈkas.pɐ ˈkøː.nɪç]; 21 November 1943 – 9 August 2024) was a German museum director and curator. He curated exhibitions of works by Claes Oldenburg and Andy Warhol in the 1960s, initiated the Skulptur Projekte Münster in the 1970s, founded the Portikus hall and became a professor at the Städelschule in Frankfurt in the 1980s, and was director of the Museum Ludwig in Cologne from 2000 to 2012.

Städelschule
The Städelschule, full name Hochschule für Bildende Künste–Städelschule, is a tertiary school of art in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It accepts about 20 students each year from around 500 applicants, and has a total of approximately 150 students of visual arts; until 2020 there were also about 50 students of architecture. About 75% of the students are not from Germany, and courses are taught in English.
Rocket (Goldfrapp song)
"Rocket" is a song by English electronic music duo Goldfrapp from their fifth studio album, Head First (2010). It was written and produced by Alison Goldfrapp and Will Gregory, with additional production by Pascal Gabriel. The song was released on 8 March 2010 as the album's lead single. To promote the single, the duo performed the song on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross on 26 March 2010. The accompanying music video features Alison driving a truck hauling a rocket with someone entirely wrapped in duct tape who is then taped to the rocket when it is launched at the end.

The track was nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 2011 Grammy Awards, but lost to Rihanna's "Only Girl (In the World)".

Pascal Gabriel
Pascal Gabriel (born 15 December 1956) also known as Stubbleman, is a Belgian-born record producer, songwriter and musician based in London, England and Provence, France.

As a songwriter he was co-written for such artists as Dido and Kylie Minogue and Will Young
Doug Pulman
Douglas William Pulman (1 January 1946 – 7 December 2011) was a New Zealand rowing coxswain.

Pulman was born in 1946 in Ngāruawāhia.

At the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, he won the gold medal as part of the men's coxed four alongside crew members Keith Heselwood, George Paterson, Hugh Smedley and Winston Stephens. Pulman competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics as part of the men's eight. He was New Zealand Olympian number 198.

Pulman died on 7 December 2011 at his home in Ngāhinapōuri.

Winston Stephens
Winston Stephens is a former New Zealand rower.

At the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games he won the gold medal as part of the men's coxed four alongside fellow Waitaki Boys' High School crew members Keith Heselwood, George Paterson, and Hugh Smedley, plus Waikato cox Doug Pulman. Their coach was Rusty Robertson.
Niki and Gabi
Niki and Gabi (born May 5, 1995) is an American duo composed of twin sisters Niki DeMar and Gabi DeMartino. They rose to prominence following the creation of their YouTube channel, where they posted covers and vlogs. They partnered with Awesomeness to produce several web shows, including their self-titled reality series which has run for five seasons. They made their acting debut in the 2016 comedy-drama film Dance Camp, and their official debut single "First" was released in 2017.

In 2018, the duo won their first Streamy Award in the category of fashion. The same year, they released their debut extended play, Individual, which peaked at two Billboard charts. Their last single before starting their solo careers "Hair Tie" was released in 2019. Niki released two extended plays titled Nights Alone (2021) and Ruined My Life (2023), while Gabi released one studio album, Paintings of Me (2022) and one extended play, Gabroadway (2020).

Individual (EP)
Individual (stylized in all caps) is the debut extended play (EP) by American duo Niki & Gabi, released independently on July 27, 2018. The EP features six original tracks composed and produced by Lyre, most of which have a EDM pop sound. The EP charted at No. 14 on the Heatseekers Albums chart and No. 32 on the Independent Albums chart.
Richie Edwards (basketball)
Justin Richard "Richie" Edwards (born June 30, 1990) is an American-New Zealand former professional basketball player. After four seasons of college in the United States, Edwards returned to his adoptive home in New Zealand to play for the Canterbury Rams. He won the NZNBL Rookie of the Year in 2014 and later had stints in Australia and England.

2014 New Zealand NBL season
The 2014 NBL season was the 33rd season of the National Basketball League. The Canterbury Rams returned to the league in 2014 after a five-year hiatus.

The 2014 pre-season tournament was held at the Te Rauparaha Arena in Porirua on Saturday 22 March and Sunday 23 March. The Manawatu Jets were the only team to go undefeated over the two days, finishing with a 4–0 record.

In 2014, the NBL Final Four made a triumphant return to Wellington. The Final Four weekend was held at TSB Bank Arena, with the semifinals on Friday 4 July, followed by the championship game on Saturday 5 July.
The Third String (1914 film)
The Third String is a 1914 British silent sports comedy film directed by George Loane Tucker and starring June Gail, Frank Stanmore and George Bellamy. The film is based on a short story of the same name by W.W. Jacobs, which was later turned into a 1932 film.

The Third String (1932 film)
The Third String is a 1932 British sports comedy film directed by George Pearson and starring Sandy Powell, Kay Hammond and Mark Daly. It is based on a W.W. Jacobs short story, which had previously been turned into a silent film. It was made at Cricklewood Studios.
1947 Avon by-election
The 1947 Avon by-election was a by-election held during the 28th New Zealand Parliament in the Christchurch electorate of Avon. The by-election occurred following the death of MP Dan Sullivan and was won by John Mathison.

John Mathison
John Mathison OBE JP (29 September 1901 – 12 October 1982) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. He was famed for his skills as a chairman and well known for his "unmistakably Scottish" accent, eloquent speeches and dry sense of humour.
Rediff.com
Rediff.com, stylized as rediff.com, is an Indian news, information, entertainment, email service and shopping website. Founded by Ajit Balakrishnan in 1996, it was the first Indian website to become a mainstream news media organization. It is headquartered in Mumbai with offices in Bengaluru, New Delhi, and New York City.

As of 2009, it had more than 300 employees. At the time of its founding, internet access had only been available in India for five months with a mere 18,000 users, leaving Rediff.com as one of the earliest Indian web portals and email providers.

Ajit Balakrishnan
Ajit Balakrishnan is an Indian entrepreneur, business executive and administrator. He is the founder, current chairman-Emeritus of Rediff.com, an internet company based in Mumbai. He was chairman of the Board of Governors of Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (IIM Calcutta) for two five-year terms ending in March 2017.
World Square
World Square is a residential, shopping, dining and event precinct located in the Sydney Central Business District. It fills an entire Sydney city block, bounded by George, Liverpool, Pitt and Goulburn Streets, on what was a small hill called Brickfield Hill.

World Square features a shopping centre, hotels, office buildings and residential apartment towers. Liverpool Lane, off Liverpool Street, is part of World Square and features restaurants, cafes and take away shops. It is also the home of Southern Cross Austereo's Sydney radio stations Triple M and 2Day FM.

Brickfield Hill
Brickfield Hill was the name of a locality in the Sydney central business district, Australia. The name was used until approximately 1970 for the surrounding settlement serving the colony's growing need for bricks, and today is part of the suburb of Surry Hills.
Boadicea (film)
Boadicea is a 1927 British historical film directed by Sinclair Hill and starring Phyllis Neilson-Terry, Lillian Hall-Davis, and Clifford McLaglen. It depicts the life of the Celtic Queen Boudica (Boadicea) and her rebellion against the Roman Empire.

Phyllis Neilson-Terry
Phyllis Neilson-Terry (15 October 1892 – 25 September 1977) was an English actress. She was a member of the third generation of the theatrical dynasty the Terry family. After early successes in the classics, including several leading Shakespearean roles, she spent more than four years in the US, in generally lightweight presentations.

Returning to England in 1919 she pursued a varied career, including cabaret, pantomime and variety as well as returning to Shakespeare and other classics. One of her last major roles was in Terence Rattigan's Separate Tables (1954) in which she played in the West End and on Broadway.
Dame Care
Dame Care (German: Frau Sorge) is a 1928 German silent drama film directed by Robert Land and starring Fritz Kortner, Mary Carr and William Dieterle. It is based on the 1887 novel Frau Sorge by Hermann Sudermann. It was shot at the Staaken Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Neppach. It was distributed by the German branch of First National Pictures.

Mary Carr
Mary Carr (née Kenevan; March 14, 1874 – June 24, 1973) was an American film actress, both in the silent and sound era of film. She appeared in more than 140 films from 1915 to 1956, and was given some of filmdoms plum mother roles in silent pictures, especially Fox's 1920 Over the Hill to the Poorhouse, which was a great success. Carr bore a strong resemblance to Lucy Beaumont, another famous character actress of the time who specialized in maternal roles. As older actresses such as Mary Maurice and Anna Townsend passed on, Carr, still in her forties, seemed to inherit all the matriarchal roles in silent films.

Mary Carr appeared on the June 9, 1954, episode of the radio quiz program "You Bet Your Life", hosted by comedian Groucho Marx.

She was interred in Calvary Cemetery. Carr's oldest son, William, died at age two. Almost all of her children were involved in the film business and appeared with her in Over the Hill.
HMS Tuna (N94)
HMS Tuna (N94) was a T-class submarine of the Royal Navy. She was laid down by Scotts, Greenock (in Scotland) and launched on 10 May 1940. She was equipped with German-built MAN Diesel engines and spent her career in World War II in western European waters, in the North Sea and off the west coast of France, and most famously taking part in Operation Frankton.

The raid on Bordeaux harbour was later dramatised in the 1955 film The Cockleshell Heroes. Tuna also took part in many war patrols and her crew received service medals for the boat's destruction of several U-boats.

The Cockleshell Heroes
The Cockleshell Heroes is a 1955 British Technicolor war film with Trevor Howard, Anthony Newley, Christopher Lee, David Lodge and José Ferrer, who also directed. The film depicts a heavily fictionalised version of Operation Frankton, the December 1942 raid on German cargo shipping by British Royal Marines Commandos, who infiltrated Bordeaux Harbour using folding kayaks.

It was the first Warwick Film to be filmed in CinemaScope. The producer, Cubby Broccoli, went on to produce films about a famous fictional commander of the Royal Navy in the James Bond franchise.

It was one of the top British box office hits of 1956.
Zaldy Ampatuan
Zaldy Uy Ampatuan (born August 22, 1967) is a Filipino convicted mass murderer and former politician. He is one of the main perpetrators of the Maguindanao massacre along with his father, brothers, and nephews.
He served as governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) from 2005 until his suspension in 2009 due to his role in the massacre. He was a member of the ARMM Legislative Assembly from 1993 to 1998.

As one of the sons of Andal Ampatuan Sr., he is part of a powerful political dynasty based in Maguindanao.

Andal Ampatuan Sr.
Andal Ampatuan Sr. (1940/1941 – July 17, 2015) was a Filipino politician who was the main suspect in the Maguindanao massacre. He was the patriarch of the Ampatuan political family in Maguindanao province, on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. He was elected Governor of Maguindanao in 2001, defeating incumbent Governor Zacaria Candao.