hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reusable shopping bag
A reusable shopping bag, sometimes called a bag for life in the UK, is a type of shopping bag which can be reused many times, in contrast to single-use paper or plastic shopping bags. It is often a tote bag made from fabric such as canvas, natural fibres such as jute, woven synthetic fibers, or a thick plastic that is more durable than disposable plastic bags, allowing multiple use. Other shoppers may use a string bag or a wheeled trolley bag. They are often sold in supermarkets and apparel shops.

Reusable bags require more energy to produce than common plastic shopping bags. One reusable bag requires the same amount of energy as an estimated 28 traditional plastic shopping bags or eight paper bags. A study commissioned by the United Kingdom Environment Agency in 2005 found that the average cotton bag is used only 51 times before being thrown away. In some cases, reusable bags need to be used over 100 times before they are better for the environment than single-use plastic bags.

Shopping caddy
A shopping caddy or shopping trolley is a large bag on wheels, used for carrying a large amount of shopping home on foot. The bag is typically made from a waterproof fabric, and wicker basket designs are also sold. The trolleys commonly have two parallel wheels on a hand truck style frame (with a handle and stand), but some designs have four or six wheels.

In some countries the trolleys are traditionally regarded as being used by pensioner-age women, with granny cart being an American slang term for the four-wheeled wire-framed trolleys, which are sometimes used without a bag. In the UK they are known as a granny trolley and are available in foldable versions.
In 2023, the Farino Carrier with rollerblade wheels was pitched as a unique new product on Dragons' Den.
Nick Smith (British politician)
Nicholas Desmond John Smith (born 14 January 1960) is a Welsh politician serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Blaenau Gwent and Rhymney, previously Blaenau Gwent, since 2010. A member of the Labour Party, he served as a Member of Camden Council from 1998 to 2006.

Blaenau Gwent and Rhymney
Blaenau Gwent and Rhymney (Welsh: Blaenau Gwent a Rhymni) is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 general election, following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Nick Smith of the Labour Party, who was the MP for the predecessor constituency of Blaenau Gwent from 2010 to 2024.
Pelvic floor
The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is an anatomical location in the human body which has an important role in urinary and anal continence, sexual function, and support of the pelvic organs. The pelvic floor includes muscles, both skeletal and smooth, ligaments, and fascia and separates between the pelvic cavity from above, and the  perineum from below. It is formed by the levator ani muscle and coccygeus muscle, and associated connective tissue.

The pelvic floor has two hiatuses (gaps): (anteriorly) the urogenital hiatus through which the urethra and vagina pass, and (posteriorly) the rectal hiatus through which the anal canal passes.

Urogenital hiatus
The urogenital hiatus is a large midline opening in the anteromedial part of the pelvic floor (more precisely, the pubococcygeal muscle), extending between the pubis (anteriorly), and rectum (posteriorly). Each levator ani muscle forms either lateral border of the hiatus.

The hiatus acccomodates the apex of the prostate in males, and gives passage to the urethra in both sexes, the vagina in females, the deep dorsal vein of clitoris (females) or penis (males), and nerves of the penis in males.
2010 Sudanese gubernatorial elections
The Sudanese gubernatorial elections took place on 11–15 April 2010, alongside the wider Sudanese general election, to elect the Governors of the states of Sudan.

The election produced few unexpected upsets, with NCP candidates winning all Northern States, and SPLM candidates winning all of Sudan's Southern States with the notable exception of Western Equatoria; where an Independent candidate unseated the incumbent SPLM Governor.

Changes to the constitution in January 2015 meant that Governors are now appointed by the President, as opposed to being directly elected.

The only state not to hold elections was South Kordofan, where elections were delayed due to disagreement over disputes arising from the 2008 census.

2010 Sudanese general election
General elections were held in Sudan between 11 and 15 April 2010, extended from the original end date of 13 April. The elections were held to elect the president and National Assembly of Sudan, as well as the president and Legislative Assembly of Southern Sudan. The election brought to the end the transitional period which began when the decades-long Second Sudanese Civil War ended in 2005.

Early results on 20 April showed that President Omar al-Bashir's National Congress Party was well ahead. On 26 April, full results were announced and al-Bashir was confirmed as the winner by having received 68.24% of the vote.
Nicholas Nayfack
Nicholas Nayfack (January 27, 1909 – March 31, 1958) was an American movie producer whose notable works include Forbidden Planet and The Invisible Boy.  He was the nephew of MGM studio chief Nicholas Schenck and United Artists studio boss Joseph M. Schenck.

The Invisible Boy
The Invisible Boy, a.k.a. S.O.S Spaceship, is a 1957 black-and-white American science fiction film from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced by Nicholas Nayfack, directed by Herman Hoffman, and starring Richard Eyer and Philip Abbott. It is the second film appearance of Robby the Robot, the science fiction character who "stole the show" in Forbidden Planet (1956), also released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Some of this film’s fans contend that the robot is the same character as seen in Forbidden Planet, which is set in the 23rd century, brought back to the film's mid-20th century era by time travel. While there is no formal declaration supporting this by the studio, it is well supported within the film via dialog and a photo artifact showing Robby's arrival to Earth in 2309AD.
Poetry on the Lake
Poetry on the Lake is the event founded in 2001 by the director and organizer Gabriel Griffin, the seat is on Isola di San Giulio. Since 2001 Kevin Bailey has co-organised and judged at the annual Poetry on the Lake festival held at Orta San Giulio in Italy, the antique island on Lake Orta, northern Italy. Annual events include the spring international poetry competition (prizes are donated by Alessi) and the autumn celebration described by the British Poet Laureate Carol Ann Duffy on the South Bank Show, ITV, 6 December 2009 as:
"...perhaps the smallest but possibly the most perfect poetry festival in the world".
Events take place on the island, in the square of Orta, on Sacro Monte in the woods around the chapels, in the historic palaces (Palazzo Ubertini, Villa Bossi) on board ship ('una barca di poeti'- a poetic cruise), in the neighbouring towns and villages: Omegna, Orta, Pella, Varallo, Invorio and Ameno.

Kevin Bailey (poet)
Kevin Bailey (born 16 March 1954) is a British poet and founder of HQ Poetry Magazine. He has had six collections of poetry published and co-edited an anthology of poetry for the Acorn Book Company in 2000. He was born and grew up at Wallingford, in the County of Berkshire (now Oxfordshire), England, where he attended the local grammar school. He was later educated at the University of York and University College, Bath.
Xmas Story
"Xmas Story" is the fourth episode in the  second season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 17th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 19, 1999. The episode was written by David X. Cohen and directed by Peter Avanzino. John Goodman guest stars in this episode as Robot Santa. The plot of the episode focuses on the first Xmas that Fry spends in the future.

A Tale of Two Santas
"A Tale of Two Santas" is the third episode in the  third season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 35th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 23, 2001.
Galilea Montijo
Galilea Montijo (born Martha Galilea Montijo Torres on June 5, 1973) is a Mexican actress, comedian, model, and TV presenter. She currently hosts Hoy, a morning show of Televisa that airs on Mondays through Fridays in Mexico (on Las Estrellas) and in the United States (on Univision). Montijo hosted the talent-reality show Pequeños Gigantes, which was a success in Mexico and in the United States (again shown by Univision) in its 1st and 2nd editions (2011 and 2012 respectively). In 2014, she hosted "Va Por Ti" - a co-production of Univision and Televisa that first aired on Univision, beating the competition in the ratings. In 2015, she hosts "Me Pongo De Pie" which will air in Mexico and the United States.

Pequeños Gigantes (Mexican TV series)
Pequeños Gigantes (English title: Little Giants) is a Mexican reality talent show that premiered on Las Estrellas 27 March 2011. The talent show televises groups of talented children from various Hispanic countries including the United States (each group comprises four children) competing against each other to receive the highest ranking at the end of each program, and for the first place and the grand prize. Each group has one captain, one singer, and two dancers. Six judges give each child category a rating based from 1 to 10.
Nakagō, Niigata
Nakagō (中郷村, Nakagō-mura) was a village located in Nakakubiki District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 4,916 and a density of 112.88 persons per km2. The total area was 43.55 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Nakagō, along with the town of Yasuzuka, the villages of Maki, Ōshima and Uragawara (all from Higashikubiki District), the towns of Itakura, Kakizaki, Ōgata and Yoshikawa, the villages of Kiyosato, Kubiki and Sanwa (all from Nakakubiki District), and the town of Nadachi (from Nishikubiki District), was merged into the expanded city of Jōetsu.

Nadachi, Niigata
Nadachi (名立町, Nadachi-machi) was a town located in Nishikubiki District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,229 and a density of 48.97 persons per km2. The total area was 65.94 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Nadachi, along with the town of Yasuzuka, the villages of Maki, Ōshima and Uragawara (all from Higashikubiki District), the towns of Itakura, Kakizaki, Ōgata and Yoshikawa, and the villages of Kiyosato, Kubiki, Nakagō and Sanwa (all from Nakakubiki District), was merged into the expanded city of Jōetsu.
Isaiah 8
Isaiah 8 is the eighth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible, which is broadly the base of the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

Isaiah 28
Isaiah 28 is the twenty-eighth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The Jerusalem Bible groups chapters 28-35 together as a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah".
Polyisocyanurate
Polyisocyanurate (/ˌpɒlɪˌaɪsoʊsaɪˈænjʊəreɪt/), also referred to as PIR, polyol, or ISO, is a thermoset plastic typically produced as a foam and used as rigid thermal insulation. The starting materials are similar to those used in polyurethane (PUR) except that the proportion of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is higher and a polyester-derived polyol is used in the reaction instead of a polyether polyol. The resulting chemical structure is significantly different, with the isocyanate groups on the MDI trimerising to form isocyanurate groups which the polyols link together, giving a complex polymeric structure.

Cyanuric acid
Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH)3. Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches, disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160,000 tonnes (180,000 short tons; 350,000,000 lb).
Basel Street
Basel Street (Hebrew: רחוב בזל, romanized: Rehov Basel) is a major street in Tel Aviv, Israel named after the Swiss city of Basel, where the First World Zionist Congress took place in 1897 as well as ten subsequent congresses from 1898 until 1946.

Known for its many fashionable boutiques and coffee shops, the 650 meters long street runs from Dizengoff Street to Ibn Gabirol Street. The area in the vicinity of the street is commonly referred to as the "Basel Compound" (Hebrew: מתחם בזל,  romanized: Mitham Basel).

Dizengoff Street
Dizengoff Street (Hebrew: רחוב דיזנגוף, Rehov Dizengoff) is a major street in central Tel Aviv, named after Tel Aviv's first mayor, Meir Dizengoff.

The street runs from the corner of Ibn Gabirol Street in its southernmost point to the port area of Tel Aviv in its northwestern point. Dizengoff Street is one of the most important streets in Tel Aviv, and has played an essential role in the development of the city. Since the 1970s, Dizengoff Street has suffered urban decay.
Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador
The Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador (Spanish: Partido Comunista Marxista-Leninista del Ecuador) is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Ecuador, founded August 1, 1964, following a split from the Communist Party of Ecuador.

PCMLE publishes En Marcha, and is an active participant in the International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle).

In 1978, PCMLE founded the electoral wing Democratic People's Movement (MPD) before it was dissolved and replaced with Popular Unity (UP) in 2014.

The Workers' Party of Ecuador split from the PCMLE in 1996.

Communist Party of Ecuador
The Communist Party of Ecuador (Spanish: Partido Comunista del Ecuador) is a communist party in Ecuador that split from the Socialist Party in 1930, after having been a part of the PSE since the party's inception in 1926. The party still maintains its founding year as 1926. The party publishes El Pueblo, the general secretary is Winston Alarcón and the youth wing of the PCE is the Communist Youth of Ecuador
Maunesha River
The Maunesha River is a 33.5-mile-long (53.9 km) tributary of the Crawfish River in south-central Wisconsin in the United States.  Via the Crawfish and Rock rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.

Crawfish River
The Crawfish River is a tributary of the Rock River, 80 miles (130 km) long, in south-central Wisconsin in the United States.  Via the Rock River, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.

The United States Board on Geographic Names issued a decision clarifying the name and course of the Crawfish River in 1987.
Ryan Meili
Ryan Meili (born April 11, 1975) is a Canadian physician and former politician from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He previously served as the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Saskatoon Meewasin from 2017 to 2022 and as leader of the Saskatchewan New Democratic Party from 2018 to 2022. He has founded a number of health care-related initiatives such as the Student Wellness Initiative Toward Community Health (SWITCH), the University of Saskatchewan's Making the Links program, and the Upstream think tank.

Saskatoon Meewasin
Saskatoon Meewasin is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. The district includes the neighbourhoods of River Heights, Richmond Heights, City Park, North Park, and Kelsey-Woodlawn. As of the Canada 2016 Census, the population of the riding was 15,135.

Created for the 16th Saskatchewan general election as "Saskatoon Mayfair" out of part of Saskatoon City, this constituency was redrawn and renamed "Saskatoon River Heights" in 1991.

Ryan Meili resigned in 2022, and a provincial by-election was triggered.
Thomas Mellon Evans
Thomas Mellon Evans (September 8, 1910 – July 17, 1997) was an American financier who was one of the country's early corporate raiders, as well as a philanthropist and Thoroughbred racehorse owner and breeder who with Pleasant Colony won the 1981 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes.

Pleasant Colony
Pleasant Colony (May 4, 1978 – December 31, 2002) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1981 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and was named the 1981 American Champion Three-Year-Old.
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (V)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Brit–British)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
George Probert
George Arthur Probert, Jr. (March 5, 1927 – January 10, 2015) was an American jazz clarinetist, soprano saxophonist, and bandleader active principally on the Dixieland jazz revival circuit. He was born in Los Angeles.

Probert was an autodidact on his instruments. He played with Bob Scobey (1950–53) and then with Kid Ory's Creole Jazz Band. Between 1954 and 1969, he played in the Firehouse Five Plus Two Dixieland revival band, an ensemble formed by animators from Walt Disney Studios, and recorded with Disney composer George Bruns in 1957 and again in 1968. Probert led his own bands from 1973, touring America and Europe, especially The Netherlands. In 1997 Probert toured in England, Germany & the Netherlands with Big Bill Bissonnette's International Jazz Band; an all-star group which also featured Anthony "Tuba Fats" Lacen of New Orleans & British pianist Pat Hawes. He also worked as a television and movie music editor. He died on January 10, 2015, in Monrovia, California.

Kid Ory
Edward "Kid" Ory (December 25, 1886 – January 23, 1973) was an American jazz composer, trombonist and bandleader. One of the early users of the glissando technique, he helped establish it as a central element of New Orleans jazz.

He was born near LaPlace, Louisiana and moved to New Orleans on his 21st birthday, to Los Angeles in 1910 and to Chicago in 1925. The Ory band later was an important force in reviving interest in New Orleans jazz, making radio broadcasts on The Orson Welles Almanac program in 1944, among other shows. In 1944–45, the group made a series of recordings for the Crescent label, which was founded by Nesuhi Ertegun for the express purpose of recording Ory's band.

Ory retired from music in 1966 and spent his last years in Hawaii where he died from a heart attack.
Chilabothrus schwartzi
Chilabothrus schwartzi, also known as the Crooked-Acklins boa or Crooked Aklins boa, is a species of snake. It is endemic to the southern Bahamas, specifically to Crooked Island and Acklins. It was originally described as a subspecies of Epicrates chrysogaster (now Chilabothrus chrysogaster), but it was elevated to full species status in 2018. In fact, molecular data suggest a closer relationship with Chilabothrus argentum than with Chilabothrus chrysogaster.

Chilabothrus chrysogaster
Chilabothrus chrysogaster, commonly known as the Turks and Caicos Islands boa or the Southern Bahamas boa, is a species of snake found in the Southern Bahamas (Great Inagua, Sheep Cay) and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Local names include the rainbow boa (not to be confused with Epicrates cenchria, the "real" rainbow boa), the Bahamas cat boa, the rainbow snake, and the fowl snake. Like all boids, it is not a venomous species.
Scarce fritillary
The scarce fritillary (Euphydryas maturna) is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, and Sweden. and East across the Palearctic to Mongolia.

Euphydryas intermedia
Euphydryas intermedia  synonym ichnea (Boisduval, [1833]) is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic (Alps, Middle and South Ural, in the taiga zone and the West Siberian Lowland, South Siberia and the Russian Far East, Sakhalin, Mongolia, Northeast China, North Korea) that belongs to the browns family. It occurs up to 2200 m above sea level.
Basil Wilberforce
Albert Basil Orme Wilberforce (14 February 1841 – 13 May 1916) was an Anglican priest and author in the second half of the 19th century and the first two decades of the 20th. He was the Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons and Archdeacon of Westminster.

Samuel Wilberforce
Samuel Wilberforce FRS (7 September 1805 – 19 July 1873) was an English bishop in the Church of England, and the third son of William Wilberforce.

Wilberforce combined a religious vocation with significant influence in the theological, political, and scientific circles of Victorian Britain. He is regarded as one of the greatest public speakers of his day. A high church cleric, he served successively as Bishop of Oxford (1845–1869) and Bishop of Winchester (1869–1873). He is now best remembered for his opposition to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution at a debate in 1860.
Robert M. T. Hunter
Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (April 21, 1809 – July 18, 1887) was an American lawyer, politician and planter. He was a U.S. representative (1837–1843, 1845–1847), speaker of the House (1839–1841), and U.S. senator (1847–1861). During the American Civil War, Hunter became the Confederate States Secretary of State (1861–1862) and then a Confederate senator (1862–1865) and critic of President Jefferson Davis. After the war, Hunter failed to win re-election to the U.S. Senate, but did serve as the treasurer of Virginia (1874–1880) before retiring to his farm. After fellow Democrat Grover Cleveland was elected President of the United States in 1884, Hunter became the customs collector for the port of Tappahannock until his death.

Confederate States Secretary of State
The Confederate States secretary of state was the head of the Confederate States Department of State of the Confederate States of America from 1861 to 1865 during the American Civil War. There were three people who served the position during this period, and one who served in an acting capacity.

The role of secretary of state was a cabinet-level position appointed by Jefferson Davis and subject to the confirmation of the Confederate Senate. Despite the limited size of the Confederate States Department of State, the secretary of state was responsible for relations with and attempted recognition of the Confederate States government with foreign countries, recording of governmental records, and approving passports and official governmental documents. The Confederate States Department of State was created on February 21, 1861, and ceased to exist on May 5, 1865, with the dissolution of the Confederacy.