hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd Armored Division (United States)
The 3rd Armored Division (also known as "Spearhead", 3rd Armored, and 3AD) was an armored division of the United States Army. Unofficially nicknamed the "Third Herd", the division was first activated in 1941 and was active in the European Theater of World War II. The division was stationed in West Germany for much of the Cold War and also participated in the Persian Gulf War. On 17 January 1992, still in Germany, the division ceased operations. In October 1992, it was formally inactivated as part of a general drawing down of U.S. military forces at the end of the Cold War.

3rd Armored Division Artillery (United States)
The 3rd Armored Division Artillery (DIVARTY) was the divisional artillery command for the 3rd Armored Division, last stationed at Hanau before its inactivation in 1991.

Constituted in 1941, the DIVARTY served with the division during World War II and was inactivated after the end of the war along with the division. It was reactivated with the division in 1948, and sent to West Germany with the division in 1956. The DIVARTY served there for rest of the Cold War, then deployed with the division during the Gulf War. After returning to Germany, it was inactivated there in September 1991.
Kidnapping, Caucasian Style
Prisoner of the Caucasus or Shurik's New Adventures (Russian: Кавказская пленница, или Новые приключения Шурика) is a 1967 Soviet romantic musical comedy film dealing with a plot revolving around bride kidnapping, an old tradition that used to exist in certain regions of the Northern Caucasus.

The film was directed by Leonid Gaidai. It is the last film featuring the trio of the "Coward" (Georgy Vitsin), the "Fool" (Yuri Nikulin), and the "Pro" (Yevgeny Morgunov), a group of bumbling antiheroes similar in some ways to the American Three Stooges. The film premiered in Moscow on 1 April 1967.

Operation Y and Shurik's Other Adventures
Operation Y and Shurik's Other Adventures (Russian: Операция «Ы» и другие приключения Шурика, romanized: Operatsiya «Yery» i drugiye priklyucheniya Shurika) is a 1965 Soviet slapstick comedy film directed by Leonid Gaidai, starring Aleksandr Demyanenko, Natalya Seleznyova, Yuri Nikulin, Georgy Vitsin and Yevgeny Morgunov. The film consists of three independent parts: "Workmate" (Напарник, Naparnik), "Déjà vu" (Наваждение, Navazhdeniye) and "Operation Y" (Операция «Ы»). The plot follows the adventures of Shurik, the naive and nerdy Soviet student who often gets into ludicrous situations, but always finds a way out very neatly.

It was a hit movie and became the leader of Soviet film distribution in 1965.
Emily Chan
Emily Chan (born August 11, 1997) is an American pair skater. With her skating partner, Spencer Howe, she is a two-time Four Continents silver medalist (2022 and 2023), a two-time Grand Prix silver medalist (2022 Skate America; 2022 NHK Trophy), three-time Challenger Series medalist, and a four-time U.S. National medalist (pewter in 2022, 2025, and 2026; silver in 2023).

Earlier in her career, she competed in women's singles, becoming the 2016 U.S. national junior champion and 2015 U.S. national novice champion.

Misha Mitrofanov
Misha Mitrofanov (born June 12, 1997) is an American pair skater. With his current partner and wife, Alisa Efimova, he is the 2026 Four Continents champion, a two-time U.S. national champion (2025–26), a two-time Grand Prix medalist, and a three-time Challenger Series medalist.

With his former skating partner, Audrey Lu, he is the 2022 Four Continents champion, 2021 Golden Spin of Zagreb champion, 2018 U.S. International Classic silver medalist, and 2022 U.S. national bronze medalist.
Publius Sempronius Tuditanus
Publius Sempronius C.f. Tuditanus (fl. 3rd century BC) was a Roman Republican consul and censor, best known for leading about 600 men to safety at Cannae in August, 216 BC and for the Treaty of Phoenice which ended the First Macedonian War, in 205 BC.

Titus Manlius Torquatus (consul 235 BC)
Titus Manlius Torquatus (before 279 BC – 202 BC) was a politician of the Roman Republic.  He had a long and distinguished career, being consul in 235 BC and 224 BC, censor in 231 BC, and dictator in 208 BC.  He was an ally of Fabius Maximus "Cunctator".
Norma Tanega
Norma Cecilia Tanega (January 30, 1939 – December 29, 2019) was an American folk and pop singer-songwriter, painter, and experimental musician. In the 1960s, she had a hit with the single "Walkin' My Cat Named Dog" and wrote songs for Dusty Springfield and other prominent musicians. In later decades, Tanega worked mostly as a percussionist, playing various styles of music in the bands Baboonz, hybridVigor, and Ceramic Ensemble.  She also wrote "You're Dead", which was used as the theme song of the film What We Do in the Shadows and the TV series of the same name.

What We Do in the Shadows
What We Do in the Shadows is a 2014 New Zealand mockumentary comedy horror film written and directed by Jemaine Clement and Taika Waititi and the first installment in the What We Do in the Shadows franchise. The film also stars Clement and Waititi, along with Jonathan Brugh, Ben Fransham, Cori Gonzalez-Macuer, Stu Rutherford, and Jackie van Beek. The film's plot concerns several vampires who live together in a flat in Wellington.

What We Do in the Shadows premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2014. It was released theatrically on 18 August 2014 by Madman Entertainment and received critical acclaim. The film earned $6.9 million on a $1.6 million budget.
Nilsson Schmilsson
Nilsson Schmilsson is the seventh studio album by American singer Harry Nilsson, released by RCA Records on November 11, 1971. It was Nilsson's most commercially successful work, producing three of his best-known songs. Among these was the number 1 hit "Without You", written by Pete Ham and Tom Evans of the group Badfinger. The album was the first of two Nilsson albums recorded in London and produced by Richard Perry.

"Jump into the Fire" and "Coconut", both written by Nilsson, also became hits. The album performed well at the 1973 Grammy Awards, earning a nomination for Album of the Year, while "Without You" won the Grammy for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance. In 2006, Nilsson Schmilsson was ranked number 84 on Pitchfork's "Top 100 Albums of the 1970s".  The album was ranked #281 in the 2020 revision of Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list.

Richard Perry
Richard Van Perry (June 18, 1942 – December 24, 2024) was an American record producer. He began his musical career as a performer while attending Poly Prep, his high school in Brooklyn. After graduating from college he rose through the late 1960s and early 1970s to become a successful and popular record producer. He had more than twelve Gold records to his credit by 1982, four of which went Platinum.

From 1978 to 1983 he ran his own record label, Planet Records, which scored a string of hits with the main act on its roster, pop and R&B group the Pointer Sisters. After Planet's sale to RCA Records, Perry continued his work in the music industry as an independent producer. With hit records stretching from the 1960s through the 2000s, his successful modern releases included albums by Rod Stewart and Carly Simon. In 1972 he produced Simon's hit single "You're So Vain".
Aghora (band)
Aghora is a progressive metal band formed in 1995 by guitarist Santiago Dobles. In 2000 they released their first album, Aghora, recorded and produced by Santiago Dobles and Dan Escauriza in 1999, Miami, Florida. The album featured Sean Malone and Sean Reinert, both members of Cynic. The band released its second album, Formless in 2006, which was produced by Santiago Dobles and mixed by Neil Kernon. In 2019 Aghora released their 3rd album Entheogenic Frequencies which was recorded, mixed and produced by Santiago Dobles.  The album features Gustavo Dobles on keyboards, Matt Thompson (King Diamond) on drums, Alan Goldstein on bass, and Santiago Dobles on guitar.

Sean Reinert
Sean Landon Reinert (May 27, 1971 – January 24, 2020) was an American musician. He was the drummer for the rock band Æon Spoke, the drummer for Death metal band Death and the drummer and cofounder of the progressive metal band Cynic along with Paul Masvidal until leaving the band in September 2015.
People's United Party (South Korea)
The People's United Party (Korean: 민중연합당) was a left-wing political party in South Korea that was formed on 27 February 2016. Many of its members came from the Unified Progressive Party.

The party participated in the 2016 South Korean legislative election and the 2017 South Korean presidential election but none of its candidates won.

The party was officially combined with New People's Political Party on 15 October 2017, as the new party named Minjung Party.

New People's Party (South Korea)
The New People's Party (Korean: 새민중정당; Hanja: 새民衆政黨; lit. New People's Political Party) was a South Korean left-wing political party that formed on 3 September 2017. The original name was "Dream of People" (민중의 꿈) as a civic group, but it was changed to its current name by July 2017. The party was planning to combine with the People's United Party, also a left-wing party. Both parties were created by former members of the Unified Progressive Party, which dissolved in 2014. The party gained 2 seats out of 300 in the National Assembly in 2016, both of them from Ulsan.

On 15 October 2017, the combination was done and rebuilt as Minjung Party.
High Efficiency Video Coding
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a proprietary video compression standard designed as part of the MPEG-H project as a successor to the widely used Advanced Video Coding (AVC, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10). The standard was published in 2013. In comparison to AVC, HEVC offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality, or substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It supports resolutions up to 8192×4320, including 8K UHD, and unlike the primarily eight-bit AVC, HEVC's higher-fidelity Main 10 profile has been incorporated into nearly all supporting hardware. The High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) is a container format whose default codec is HEVC.

While AVC uses the integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) with 4×4 and 8×8 block sizes, HEVC uses both integer DCT and discrete sine transform (DST) with varied block sizes between 4×4 and 32×32.

Moving Picture Experts Group
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups established jointly by ISO and IEC that sets standards for media coding, including compression coding of audio, video, graphics, and genomic data; and transmission and file formats for various applications. Together with JPEG, MPEG is organized under ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 – Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29).

MPEG formats are used in various multimedia systems. The most well known older MPEG media formats typically use MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 AVC media coding and MPEG-2 systems transport streams and program streams. Newer systems typically use the MPEG base media file format and dynamic streaming (a.k.a. MPEG-DASH).
Phosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond.  Usually, phosphodiesterase refers to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, which have great clinical significance and are described below.  However, there are many other families of phosphodiesterases, including phospholipases C and D, autotaxin, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, DNases, RNases, and restriction endonucleases (which all break the phosphodiester backbone of DNA or RNA), as well as numerous less-well-characterized small-molecule phosphodiesterases.

The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases comprise a group of enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization, duration, and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains. PDEs are therefore important regulators of signal transduction mediated by these second messenger molecules.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). cGMP acts as a second messenger much like cyclic AMP.  Its most likely mechanism of action is activation of intracellular protein kinases in response to the binding of membrane-impermeable peptide hormones to the external cell surface. Through protein kinases activation, cGMP can relax smooth muscle. cGMP concentration in urine can be measured for kidney function and diabetes detection.
Nigar Sultana (actress)
Nigar Sultana (21 June 1932 – 21 April 2000) was an Indian actress who worked in Hindi films. She appeared in Aag (1948), Patanga (1949), Sheesh Mahal (1950), Mirza Ghalib (1954), Yahudi (1958), Do Kaliyaan (1968) but is most notably remembered for playing the role of Bahar Begum in the historical epic film Mughal-e-Azam (1960). She was the wife of filmmaker K. Asif.

Patanga (1949 film)
Patanga  is a 1949 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film. It was the first film produced and distributed by Varma Films; and it was the seventh highest grossing Indian film of 1949. The film was directed by H. S. Rawail based on a story written by his wife Anjana Rawail. Rajendra Kumar, who would become one of the leading actors in Indian cinema, worked in Patanga as an assistant to director H.S. Rawail  and also had a cameo in the film.
A duet sung against the backdrop of WW2, "Mere Piya Gaye Rangoon", picturised on actor Gope and Mohana Cabral became popular. The playback singers for the song were C. Ramchandra, who also composed the music for the film, and Shamshad Begum. The cast included Nigar Sultana, Shyam, Yakub, Gope, Purnima, Shyama, Randhir and Mohana.
Bigg Boss Marathi season 4
Bigg Boss Marathi 4 is the fourth season of Marathi version of the reality television show Bigg Boss broadcast in India. The premiere was held on 2 October 2022 on Colors Marathi and Voot with Mahesh Manjrekar.

Colors Marathi
Colors Marathi (previously known as ETV Marathi) is an Indian Marathi language general entertainment channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily telecasts programs such as serials, reality shows and Marathi films.
Aana Mayil Ottakam
Aana Mayil Ottakam is a 2015 Indian Malayalam anthology film narrating three short, unconnected stories written and directed by Jayakrishnan and Anil Sign. Balu Varghese, Mithun Murali and Sharran are seen in prominent roles. Photography was completed in July 2015, and the film was released on 27 November 2015 in theatres in Kerala as well as online through Reelmonk simultaneously.

Midhun Murali
Midhun Murali (born 28 April 1992) is an Indian actor acted in Malayalam and Tamil films. He made his debut in 2004 Malayalam film Vajram with Mammootty in the lead role directed by Pramod Pappan. He also acted in the National award-winning Tamil movie Vazhakku Enn 18/9, directed by Balaji Sakthivel.He retired from films by 2016.
Carlos Alzate
Carlos Eduardo Alzate Escobar (born March 23, 1983, in Tuluá, Valle del Cauca) is a Colombian professional track and road racing cyclist from Colombia, who most recently rode for the GW–Shimano team. He won a silver medal for his native country at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil alongside Juan Pablo Forero, Arles Castro and Jairo Pérez in the Men's Track Team Pursuit. He competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, PR China.

Arles Castro
Arles Antonio Castro Laverde (born July 17, 1979) is a male professional track and road racing cyclist from Colombia. He won a silver medal for his native country at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil alongside Carlos Alzate, Jairo Pérez and Juan Pablo Forero in the Men's Track Team Pursuit. He competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, PR China and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
Egypt (TV series)
Egypt is a BBC television docudrama serial portraying events in the history of Egyptology from the 18th through early 20th centuries. It originally aired on Sunday nights at 9 pm on BBC1 in 2005. The first two episodes explored the work of Howard Carter and his archaeological quest in Egypt in the early part of the twentieth century. The next two episodes focused on the eccentric explorer "The Great Belzoni" played here by Matthew Kelly. The final two episodes dramatise the discovery and deciphering of the Rosetta Stone by Jean-François Champollion (Elliot Cowan).

The music was recorded by the Warsaw Radio Orchestra and is featured on the CD Timeless Histories by Chappell music, produced by Clare Isaacs.

Howard Carter
Howard Carter (9 May 1874 – 2 March 1939) was a British archaeologist and Egyptologist who became known for discovering the intact tomb of the 18th Dynasty Pharaoh Tutankhamun in November 1922, the best-preserved pharaonic tomb ever found in the Valley of the Kings.
Universal Manhood Suffrage Law
The Universal Manhood Suffrage Law (普通選挙法, Futsū Senkyo Hō) was a law passed in Taishō period Japan, extending suffrage to all males aged 25 and over in accordance with the principle of universal manhood suffrage, also known as "one man, one vote". Proposed by the Kenseitō political party, the law was enacted thanks to activism by the Universal Suffrage Movement in Japan and decades of organizing by the Universal Suffrage League. It was passed by the Diet of Japan on 29 March, 1925, before being promulgated on 5 May of the same year.

The law increased the electorate from 3,341,000 to 12,534,360.

Peace Preservation Law
The Peace Preservation Law (治安維持法, Chian iji hō) was a Japanese law enacted on April 22, 1925, with the aim of allowing the Special Higher Police to more effectively suppress alleged socialists and communists. In addition to criminalizing forming an association with the aim of altering the kokutai ("national essence") of Japan, the law also explicitly criminalized criticism of the system of private property and became the centerpiece of a broad apparatus of thought control in Imperial Japan. Altogether, more than 70,000 people were arrested under the provisions of the law until its repeal by Allied occupation authorities at the end of World War II.
Mykola Petruk
Mykola Mykolaiovych Petruk (Ukrainian: Микола Миколайович Петрук; born 1 February 1950) is a Ukrainian politician and former army officer who served as a member of the Vekhovna Rada from 2006 to 2012.

He also served as the Commander of the Operational Command West from 2003 to 2004.

He is last ranked as a colonel general as of December 2003.

Operational Command West
The Operational Command West (abbr.  OC West, Ukrainian: Оперативне командування «Захід»; ОК «Захід») is a formation of the Ukrainian Ground Forces in western Ukraine. Its headquarters is located in Rivne.
Julia Quinn
Julie Pottinger (née Cotler; born January 12, 1970), better known by her pen name, Julia Quinn, is an American author. Her novels have been translated into 41 languages and have appeared on The New York Times Bestseller List nineteen times. She has been inducted into the Romance Writers of America Hall of Fame. Her Bridgerton book series has been adapted for Netflix into a television series of the same name.

Eloisa James
Eloisa James is the pen name of Mary Bly (born 1962). She is a tenured Shakespeare professor at Fordham University who also writes best-selling Regency and Georgian romance novels under her pen name. Her novels are published in 30 countries and have sold approximately 7 million copies worldwide. She also wrote a bestselling memoir about the year her family spent in France, Paris in Love.

She is the daughter of poet Robert Bly and short-story author Carol Bly.
Dudleya viscida
Dudleya viscida is a rare succulent plant known by common name as the sticky liveforever, sticky dudleya or the San Juan stylophyllum. It is endemic to California, where it is found on rocky slopes. It is unique among the genus Dudleya in that it has sticky, fragrant leaves, a trait only shared with Dudleya anomala.

Dudleya anomala
Dudleya anomala is a rare species of succulent plant in the family Crassulaceae commonly known as the Todos Santos liveforever. With a dense, cushion-forming habit, this leaf succulent is characterized by elongated stems, slightly sticky leaves, and bell-shaped flowers with white, spreading petals. This species is native to Baja California, Mexico, and is found primarily on islands and one coastal locality.
The Greatest American Hero
The Greatest American Hero is an American comedy-drama superhero television series that aired on ABC. Created by producer Stephen J. Cannell, it premiered as a two-hour pilot movie on March 18, 1981, and ran until February 2, 1983. The series features William Katt as teacher Ralph Hinkley, Robert Culp as FBI agent Bill Maxwell, and Connie Sellecca as lawyer Pam Davidson. The lead character's surname was temporarily changed to "Hanley" for a few months immediately after President Ronald Reagan and three others were shot and wounded by John Hinckley Jr. on March 30, 1981.

The series chronicles Ralph's adventures after a group of aliens gives him a red and black suit that grants him superhuman abilities. Unfortunately for Ralph, he loses the instruction book and must learn how to use the suit's powers by trial and error, often with comical results.

The theme song, sung by Joey Scarbury, was a hit when released as a single.

Connie Sellecca
Connie Sellecca (born Concetta Sellecchia; May 25, 1955) is an American actress, producer, and former model, best known for her roles on the television series Flying High, The Greatest American Hero, and Hotel, for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in 1987.
Ysgol Brynrefail
Ysgol Brynrefail is a bilingual comprehensive school for pupils aged 11–18. It is situated in Llanrug in Gwynedd, north Wales. Most of the school's pupils come from the villages of 
Llanrug, Bethel, Llanberis and the surrounding rural areas.

As of 2024, there were about 775 pupils on roll at the school. Its current headmaster is Mr Arwyn Williams.

Llanrug
Llanrug (or Llanfihangel-yn-y-grug) is a medium-sized village and community in Gwynedd, north-west Wales. It lies about 4 miles (6.4 km) to the east of Caernarfon, 7 miles (11 km) south of Bangor and 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Llanberis. It is the largest populated village in the Arfon area of Gwynedd, Wales.  The old name of the village was Llanfihangel-yn-y-grug, derived from Eglwys Sant Mihangel, which is situated about half a mile west of the village.
Fred Collins (golfer)
James Frederick Collins (4 September 1878 – 15 December 1940) was an English professional golfer. He won the Welsh Professional Championship in 1905 and then, 28 years later, in 1933. He represented England against Scotland in 1903 and 1904 and tied for seventh place in the 1912 Open Championship.

Welsh National PGA Championship
The Welsh National PGA Championship is a golf tournament played annually in Wales since 1904. For many years the event was called the Welsh Professional Championship. Currently entry is restricted to professionals employed by a Welsh club and those born in Wales or with a parent or grandparent born in Wales. 2016 was the 100th edition of the event and was won by Lydia Hall after a final round 67.