hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Quebec (1760)
The siege of Quebec, also known as the second siege of Quebec, was a 1760 French attempt to retake Quebec City, in New France, which had been captured by Britain the previous year. The siege lasted from 29 April to 15 May, when British ships arrived to relieve the city and compelled the French commander, François Gaston de Lévis, to break off the siege and to retreat. The British launched the Montreal campaign a few months later, which resulted in the city's capture. French resistance ceased, and the British conquest of New France was complete, as was confirmed in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris.

Conquest of New France
The conquest of New France (French: La Conquête) was the military conquest of New France by Great Britain during the French and Indian War. It started with a British campaign in 1758 and ended with the region being put under a British military regime between 1760 and 1763. Britain's acquisition of the New France colony of Canada, which the Kingdom of France had established in 1535, became official with the 1763 Treaty of Paris that concluded the Seven Years' War. The term is usually used when discussing the impact of the British conquest on the 70,000 French inhabitants, as well as on the First Nations. At issue in popular and scholarly debate ever since is the British treatment of the French settler population along with the long-term historical impacts of the conquest.
Pontiac Star Chief
The Pontiac Star Chief is an automobile model that was manufactured by Pontiac between 1954 and 1966. It was Pontiac's top trim package on the Pontiac Chieftain, with later generations built on longer wheelbases, and serving as the foundation platform for the Pontiac Bonneville. The car was easily identified by three and four star-like trim features along varying areas of the car, a feature all Star Chiefs were equipped with star arrangements.

Pontiac Catalina
The Pontiac Catalina is a full-size automobile produced by Pontiac from 1950 to 1981. Initially, the name was a trim line on hardtop body styles, first appearing in the 1950 Chieftain Eight and DeLuxe Eight lines. In 1959, it became a separate model as the "entry-level" full-size Pontiac.

The Catalina was Pontiac's most popular model, available in multiple body styles, and served as the donor platform for the popular Pontiac Grand Prix, Pontiac 2+2, Pontiac Ventura, and the Pontiac Safari station wagon.

When the second-generation Pontiac Tempest was introduced in 1964, lessons learned from the Catalina's introduction of the Grand Prix led to the introduction of the Pontiac GTO, to include the 389 cu in (6.4 L) Pontiac V8.
Anna Maria Horsford
Anna Maria Horsford is an American actress, known for her performances in television comedies.

Horsford is best known for her roles as Thelma Frye on the NBC sitcom Amen (1986–91), and as Dee Baxter on the WB sitcom The Wayans Bros. (1995–99). She had dramatic roles on the FX crime drama The Shield playing A.D.A. Beth Encardi, and CBS daytime soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful as Vivienne Avant, for which she was nominated for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Guest Performer in a Drama Series in 2016 and Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2017.

Horsford appeared in a number of movies, most notable as Craig Jones' mother Betty in the 1995 comedy film Friday and its sequel Friday After Next (2002). Her other film credits include Times Square (1980), The Fan (1981), Presumed Innocent (1990), Set It Off (1996), Along Came a Spider (2001), Our Family Wedding (2010), and A Madea Christmas (2013).

Amen (TV series)
Amen is an American television sitcom produced by Carson Productions that aired on NBC from September 27, 1986, to May 11, 1991. Set in Sherman Hemsley's real-life hometown of Philadelphia, Amen stars Hemsley as the deacon of a church and was part of a wave of successful sitcoms on NBC in the 1980s and early 1990s that featured predominantly black casts – others included The Cosby Show, A Different World, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air,  and 227. The series marked Hemsley's return to a series for the first time since The Jeffersons ended in 1985.
Martin Reim
Martin Reim (born 14 May 1971) is an Estonian football manager and former professional player.

Reim played most of his professional career in Estonia as a central midfielder, including two separate stints for Flora with which he won seven Meistriliiga titles. He is also the most capped Estonia national football team player of all time with 157 appearances, and was the most capped European international player from August 2007 until December 2009, when he was surpassed by Latvia's Vitālijs Astafjevs. Reim is also the most capped player never to have played in a major tournament.

Reim was named Estonian Footballer of the Year in 1995 and won the Estonian Silverball award three times, in 1995, 1997, and 1999. In 2011, he received the Order of the White Star for his services to Estonia.

In 2007, Reim opened a football academy (Martin Reimi Jalgpallikool). In 2016, the academy team Viimsi MRJK merged with Esiliiga B club HÜJK Emmaste, and became Viimsi JK.

Viimsi JK
Viimsi Jalgpalliklubi, commonly known as Viimsi JK or simply Viimsi, is an Estonian football club based in Viimsi Parish that competes in Esiliiga, the second-highest division in the Estonian football. The club's home ground is Viimsi Stadium.
Rota system
The rota (or rotation) system or the lestvitsa system (from the Old Church Slavonic word for "ladder" or "staircase") is a historiographical concept introduced by historian Sergei Soloviev in 1860, attempting to describe a system of collateral succession practiced (though imperfectly) in Kievan Rus', later appanages, and early the Principality of Moscow. In this system, the throne passed not linearly from father to son (agnatic primogeniture), but laterally from brother to brother (usually to the fourth brother) and then to the eldest son of the eldest brother who had held the throne.

Primogeniture
Primogeniture (/ˌpraɪməˈdʒɛnɪtʃər, -oʊ-/) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit all or most of their parent's estate, as well as succeed their parent as the ruler of a state.

Primogeniture stands in contrast to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relative. In most contexts, it means the inheritance of the firstborn son (agnatic primogeniture). It can also mean by the firstborn daughter (matrilineal primogeniture), or firstborn child (absolute primogeniture).

Research shows that authoritarian regimes that rely on primogeniture for succession were more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements. Scholars have linked primogeniture to a decline in regicide, as clear rules of succession reduce the number of people who could (absent a coup d'état) replace a ruler, thus making it less desirable to cause the death of the monarch.
Tony Hillerman
Anthony Grove Hillerman (May 27, 1925 – October 26, 2008) was an American author of detective novels and nonfiction works, best known for his mystery novels featuring Navajo Nation Police officers Joe Leaphorn and Jim Chee. Several of his works have been adapted for film and television, including the AMC series Dark Winds.

Jim Chee
Jim Chee is one of two Navajo Tribal Police detectives in a series of mystery novels by Tony Hillerman.  Unlike his superior Joe Leaphorn, the "Legendary Lieutenant", Chee is a staunch believer in traditional Navajo culture; indeed, he is studying to be a traditional healer at the same time that he is a police officer.
Blue Edge
Blue Edge is an advanced design of rotor blade developed and produced by multinational helicopter manufacturer Airbus Helicopters in cooperation with the French aerospace laboratory ONERA and the German Aerospace Center, purposed to achieve a meaningful reduction in both noise emissions and vibration as well as enhancement in aerodynamic efficiency for helicopters' operations.

Its existence was publicly revealed at the Heli-Expo 2010 in Houston, Texas. During 2014, Airbus Helicopters commenced flight testing of the Bluecopter Demonstrator, equipped with Blue Edge rotor blades amongst several other technologies. It has been incorporated onto several production helicopters, including the Airbus Helicopters H160 and the Airbus Helicopters H145.

Airbus Helicopters H160
The Airbus Helicopters H160 (formerly X4) is a medium utility helicopter developed by Airbus Helicopters. Formally launched at Heli-Expo in Orlando, Florida on 3 March 2015, it is intended to replace the AS365 and EC155 models in the firm's lineup. In June 2015, the first test flight took place. It received its EASA type certification in July 2020, and first deliveries were in December 2021.
Vijayendra Ghatge
Vijayendra Ghatge (born 1950) is an Indian actor in Bollywood film and television. He is known for the musical superhit movie Chitchor (1976). His other famous movies include Prem Rog (1982), Devdas (2002) and Jhankaar Beats (2003).

Prem Rog
Prem Rog (transl. Sickness Of Love) is a 1982 Hindi-language musical romantic drama directed and produced by Raj Kapoor, with screenplay written by Jainendra Jain and Kamna Chandra. The film tells the story of a man's (Rishi Kapoor) love towards a woman, who is a higher status widow (Padmini Kolhapure). This film marked Raj Kapoor's return to social themes.

Released on 30 July 1982, it took second spot at the box office that year after Subhash Ghai's Vidhaata (also starring Kolhapure and Shammi Kapoor).

At the 30th Filmfare Awards, the film received a leading 12 nominations, including Best Film, Best Actor (Rishi), Best Supporting Actress (Nanda), and Best Music Director (Laxmikant–Pyarelal), and won a leading 4 awards (tying with Shakti), including Best Director (Raj) and Best Actress (Kolhapure).

Over the years, Prem Rog has achieved cult-status and is considered one of the best works of Raj Kapoor, Rishi Kapoor and Padmini Kolhapure.
Jesse Rath
Jesse Rath (born February 11, 1989) is a Canadian actor. He starred in the television series 18 to Life as Carter Boyd and as Ram on Aaron Stone. He also appeared on the Syfy series Defiance playing the role of Alak Tarr, on Being Human as Robbie Malik and on Supergirl as Brainiac 5.

Being Human (North American TV series)
Being Human is a supernatural drama television series, based on the BBC series of the same name. It followed the same premise as the original, and starred Sam Huntington, Sam Witwer and Meaghan Rath as a werewolf, a vampire, and a ghost, respectively, who live together as roommates.

The show aired its first episode on January 17, 2011. It came to a close on April 7, 2014.

Unlike the BBC series which had experienced various cast changes throughout its run, the North American series has maintained its cast members playing the supernatural roommates through its entire run.
Squirtgun (album)
Squirtgun is the eponymously titled debut studio album by the American punk rock band Squirtgun. It was released on October 9, 1995, through Lookout! Records. The song "Social" was used during the opening credits of the Kevin Smith film Mallrats (1995). "Make It Up" features a guest appearance by Mike Dirnt of Green Day on bass and backing vocals.

Mike Dirnt
Michael Ryan Pritchard (born May 4, 1972), better known by his stage name Mike Dirnt, is an American rock musician who is the co-founder, bassist, backing vocalist, and occasional lead vocalist of Green Day. He has also played in several other bands, including the Frustrators. His stage name Dirnt was originally a nickname that his friends from grade school gave him, as he constantly played "air bass/guitar" and made a "dirnt, dirnt, dirnt" noise while pretending to pluck the strings. Mike Dirnt as well has four signature basses, including the American Fender, Mexican Fender, Mexican road worn Fender, and the new Epiphone Grabber G-3.
Tung Kuei-sen
Tung Kuei-sen (1951 - 3 April 1991) was a member of the Taiwan-based United Bamboo Gang. Along with Chen Chi-li and Wu Tun, he is best known for his murder of dissident journalist Henry Liu in Daly City, California in October 1984.

Chen Chi-li
Chen Chi-li (Chinese: 陳啟禮; Wade–Giles: Chen2 Chi3-li3; 11 May 1943 – 4 October 2007), nicknamed King Duck or Dry Duck, was a Taiwanese gangster from China, best known for heading the United Bamboo Gang. His murder of dissident journalist Henry Liu in Daly City, California, United States, in 1984 has been described by the Financial Times as "the most prominent example of the Kuomintang's co-operation with gangsters in upholding its dictatorship".
Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene
Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene (Bulgarian: Мария Палеологина Кантакузина, Greek: Μαρία Παλαιολογίνα Καντακουζηνή; died after 1294) was an Empress consort of Bulgaria by marriage to two Bulgarian emperors, Constantine Tikh and Ivaylo. She was a niece of Michael VIII Palaiologos.

She is referred to as the most powerful empress of Bulgaria. She ruled as regent from 1271 to 1279 on behalf of her minor son, Michael Asen II, who was made co-regent of her first spouse, and remained co-regent during the reign of her second spouse.

Michael Tih
Michael (Bulgarian: Михаил, Mihail) or probably more fully Michael Asen II was an emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria, the son of Emperor Constantine Asen I of Bulgaria and his second wife Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene, niece of the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, being the daughter of his elder sister Irene Palaiologina by John Kantakouzenos. Michael reigned as sole emperor from 1277 to 1278 (with co-rulers in 1272–1277 and 1278–1279), and claimed the throne again in 1302/3. As an ephemeral and underage monarch, Michael is often overlooked in listings of Bulgarian rulers.
Havergal Brian
William Havergal Brian (29 January 1876 – 28 November 1972) was an English composer, librettist, and church organist.

He is best known for having composed 32 symphonies—an unusually high number amongst his contemporaries—25 of them after the age of 70. His best-known work is his Symphony No. 1, The Gothic, which calls for some of the largest orchestral forces demanded by a conventionally structured concert work.

He also composed five operas and a number of other orchestral works, as well as songs, choral music and a small amount of chamber music. Brian enjoyed a period of popularity earlier in his career and rediscovery in the 1950s, but public performances of his music have remained rare and he has been described as a cult composer. He continued to be extremely productive late into his career, composing large works even into his nineties, most of which remained unperformed during his lifetime.

Robert Simpson (composer)
Robert Wilfred Levick Simpson (2 March 1921 – 21 November 1997) was an English composer, as well as a long-serving BBC producer and broadcaster.

He is best known for his orchestral and chamber music (particularly those in the key classical forms: 11 symphonies and 15 string quartets), and for his writings on the music of Beethoven, Bruckner, Nielsen and Sibelius. He studied composition under Herbert Howells. Remarkably for a living contemporary composer, a Robert Simpson Society was formed in 1980 by individuals concerned that Simpson's music had been unfairly neglected. The society aims to bring Simpson's music to a wider public by sponsoring recordings and live performances of his work, by issuing a journal and other publications, and by maintaining an archive of material relating to the composer. In 2021, he was featured as Composer of the Week on BBC Radio 3.
V. Madhusudhana Rao
Veeramachaneni Madhusudhana Rao (14 June 1923 – 11 January 2012) was an Indian film director, producer, and screenwriter, known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He is popularly known as 'Victory' Madhusudhana Rao. He directed nearly 70 films, including musical hits such as Annapurna (1960), Aradhana (1962), Aathma Balam (1964), Zamindar (1965), Antastulu (1965), Aatmiyulu (1969), and Krishnaveni (1974). He also produced Swati Kiranam (1992). Six of his films received the Nandi Award for Best Feature Film, and in 1965, he was awarded the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for Antastulu. He was honoured with the prestigious Raghupathi Venkaiah Award for lifetime contributions to Telugu cinema by the Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1997.

Aathma Balam
Aathma Balam (transl. Power of the Soul) is a 1964 Indian Telugu-language romantic thriller film directed by V. Madhusudhana Rao and produced by V. B. Rajendra Prasad. The film stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Jaggayya,  B.Saroja Devi and music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. It is a Telugu adaptation to Agradoot's Bengali film Agni Sanskar (1961).
Romeo Smith
Todd "Romeo" Smith is a fictional character from the Australian Channel Seven soap opera Home and Away, played by Luke Mitchell. He made his first appearance on 10 September 2009. The character of Romeo is Mitchell's third acting job and he began filming his scenes in May 2009. Romeo is described as being cheeky, funny and confident. His storylines have included his relationships with Annie Campbell and Indi Walker and the introduction of his sister and mother. Romeo and Mitchell have proven popular and Mitchell won "Most Popular New Male Talent" at the 2010 Logie Awards. On 4 November 2012, it was revealed that Mitchell had decided to leave Home and Away. Romeo made his last appearance on 3 April 2013, but made a brief cameo appearance in Indigo's dream on 23 October 2013.

John Palmer (Home and Away)
John Palmer is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Shane Withington. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 27 March 2009. Withington was introduced as a recurring cast member for twelve weeks. John was initially an angry father, but Withington thought that the character would not last if he continued that way, so began portraying him as "funny and very human". John is also egotistical and insecure. He has worked several jobs during his time in Summer Bay, including managing the Juice Bar and working as a Surf Life Saver. The character was married to school principal Gina Austin (Sonia Todd) and they fostered Jett James (Will McDonald). Following Gina's death, John married Marilyn Chambers (Emily Symons) in 2014.
Kevin Smith (cricketer)
Kevin Brian Smith (born 28 August 1957) is an English former cricketer. Smith was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Brighton, Sussex.

Smith made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1978. He made three further first-class appearances for the county in the 1978 season, against Middlesex, Gloucestershire and Kent. In his four first-class appearances, Smith scored 90 runs at an average of 12.85, with a high score of 43. In that same season he made two List A appearances against Hampshire and Northamptonshire in the 1978 John Player League.

His uncle, Gerald Cogger, also played first-class cricket for Sussex.

Gerald Cogger
Gerald Lyndley Cogger (7 September 1933 – 2019) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. Cogger was born at Uckfield, East Sussex.

Cogger made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954.  He made seven further first-class appearances for the county, all of which came in the 1957 season, and the last of which came against Somerset.  In his eight first-class appearances, Cogger took 7 wickets at an average of 40.85, with a high best figures of 3/20.  A tailender, he scored just 12 runs at a batting average of 1.71, with a high score of 5.

Cogger died in West Sussex in 2019, at the age of 85. His nephew, Kevin Smith, also played first-class cricket.
Jason Leland Adams
Jason Leland Adams (born February 7, 1963) is an American actor and scenic designer based in Los Angeles. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Preston A. Lodge III, on the television series Dr. Quinn Medicine Woman and a lead role in Vanishing Son.

Vanishing Son
Vanishing Son is an American action television series that was part of Universal Television's Action Pack. Starting as a series of four television films in 1994, the full series of 13 episodes debuted in  syndication on January 16, 1995. Vanishing Son I, Vanishing Son II, Vanishing Son III, and Vanishing Son IV aired on February 28, July 18, July 25, and October 10, 1994, respectively. The series is regarded as one of the first American dramatic TV series to feature an Asian lead.
Nansen-Apollo (crater)
Nansen-Apollo is a feature on Earth's Moon, a crater in Taurus-Littrow valley, at the base of the South Massif.  Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt visited it in 1972, on the Apollo 17 mission.  The astronauts referred to it simply as Nansen during the mission.  Geology Station 2 of the mission was located at Nansen.  Nansen is located in the 'light mantle' which is almost certainly an avalanche deposit from the South Massif.

To the north of Nansen is Lara crater and Geology Station 3.  To the northeast is Shorty and Geology Station 4.  About 5 km to the east are Mackin and Hess craters.

The crater was named by the astronauts after Fridtjof Nansen, a Norwegian explorer.

Nansen crater at the base of South Massif, facing north.  Note the rover near the right edge for scale.  The boulder in right foreground (boulder 2) was heavily sampled by the astronauts.

Apollo 17 panoramic camera image.  Note the boulders near center which are visible in the ground-level image as well.

Lara (lunar crater)
Lara is a feature on Earth's Moon, a crater in Taurus-Littrow valley.  Astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt visited it in 1972, on the Apollo 17 mission, during EVA 2.  Geology Station 3 of the mission is located on the northeast rim of Lara.

Lara is located in the 'light mantle' which is almost certainly an avalanche deposit from the South Massif.  To the south of Lara is Nansen crater and Geology Station 2.  To the northeast is Shorty crater and Geology Station 4.

The crater was named by the astronauts after the heroine of the novel Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternak.
The Vault of Horror (comics)
The Vault of Horror is an American bi-monthly horror comic anthology series that was published by EC Comics from 1950 to 1955 created by Bill Gaines and Al Feldstein. The magazine began in March 1948 as War Against Crime. It continued under this title for 11 issues before becoming The Vault of Horror with issue #12 (April/May 1950). The comic ran for 29 issues until being discontinued after issue #40 (December/January 1955).

Along with Tales from the Crypt and The Haunt of Fear, it formed a trifecta of popular EC horror anthologies. Publication ceased, however, after horror and crime comics came under scrutiny for an alleged link to juvenile delinquency and the subsequent imposition of a highly restrictive Comics Code.

The Vault of Horror has since been reprinted in single issues and collected volumes. Some of its stories were adapted for the 1972 motion picture Tales from the Crypt and television's Tales from the Crypt, which aired on HBO from 1989 to 1996.

Al Feldstein
Albert Bernard Feldstein (/ˈfɛldstiːn/ FELD-steen; October 24, 1925 – April 29, 2014) was an American writer, editor, and artist, best known for his work at EC Comics and, from 1956 to 1985, as the editor of the satirical magazine Mad. After retiring from Mad, Feldstein concentrated on American paintings of Western wildlife.
Chinchilla–Wondai Road
Chinchilla–Wondai Road is a continuous 151.6 kilometres (94.2 mi) road route in the Western Downs and South Burnett regions of Queensland, Australia. Part of the route is signed as State Route 82. It is a state-controlled part regional and part district road (number 426). It provides an alternate route between the Warrego Highway and the South Burnett, bypassing Dalby, Oakey and Toowoomba.

Dalby–Jandowae Road
Dalby–Jandowae Road is a continuous 47.3 kilometres (29.4 mi) road route in the Western Downs region of Queensland, Australia. The road is signed as State Route 82. Dalby–Jandowae Road (number 421) is a state-controlled regional road.