hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dent's disease
Dent's disease (or Dent disease) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited condition that affects the proximal renal tubules of the kidney. It is one cause of Fanconi syndrome, and is characterized by tubular proteinuria, excess calcium in the urine, formation of calcium kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kidney failure.

"Dent's disease" is often used to describe an entire group of familial disorders, including X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis with kidney failure, X-linked recessive hypophosphatemic rickets, and both Japanese and idiopathic low-molecular-weight proteinuria.  About 60% of patients have mutations in the CLCN5 gene (Dent 1), which encodes a kidney-specific chloride/proton antiporter, and 15% of patients have mutations in the OCRL1 gene (Dent 2).

CLCN5
The H+/Cl- exchange transporter 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLCN5 gene.

The chloride channel Cl-/H+ exchanger is mainly expressed in the kidney, in particular in proximal tubules where it participates to the uptake of albumin and low-molecular-weight proteins, which is one of the principal physiological role of proximal tubular cells. Mutations in the CLCN5 gene cause an X-linked recessive nephropathy named Dent disease (Dent disease 1 MIM#300009) characterized by excessive urinary loss of low-molecular-weight proteins and of calcium (hypercalciuria), nephrocalcinosis (presence of calcium phosphate aggregates in the tubular lumen and/or interstitium) and nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).
Jaisalmer House
28°36′29″N 77°13′31″E﻿ / ﻿28.607928°N 77.225239°E﻿ / 28.607928; 77.225239

Jaisalmer House is the former residence of the Maharawal of Jaisalmer in New Delhi. It is part of Lutyens Bungalow Zone (LBZ). It was commissioned in 1936 by Maharawal Harinder Singh Brar of Jaisalmer as his New Delhi residence and completed in 1938 to a design by Master, Sathe and Bhuta. The Art Deco style building features a simple rectangular plan with curved corner towers, a central courtyard and characteristic Streamline modern elements like continuous eyebrow sun‑shades and porthole windows. After independence, it was acquired by the Government of India and now serves as the headquarters of the Ministry of Law and Justice.

Ministry of Law and Justice (India)
The Ministry of Law and Justice (ISO: Vidhi aura Nyāya Maṁtrālaya) in the Government of India is a cabinet ministry which deals with the management of the legal affairs, legislative activities and administration of justice in India through its three departments namely the Legislative Department and the Department of Legal Affairs and the Department of Justice respectively. The Department of Legal Affairs is concerned with advising the various Ministries of the Central Government while the Legislative Department is concerned with drafting of principal legislation for the Central Government. The ministry is headed by Cabinet Minister of Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of the Prime Minister of India. The first Law and Justice minister of independent India was Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, who served in the Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet during 1947–51.
Last Breath (2025 film)
Last Breath is a 2025 survival thriller film directed by Alex Parkinson and written by Parkinson, Mitchell LaFortune, and David Brooks. It stars Woody Harrelson, Simu Liu, Finn Cole, and Cliff Curtis. It is a feature film remake of the 2019 documentary that Parkinson co-directed with Richard da Costa, and follows a group of deep-sea divers who race to rescue a stranded teammate after an accident.

The film was theatrically released in the United States on 28 February 2025, by Focus Features and Entertainment Film Distributors, respectively. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

Finn Cole
Finlay Lewis J. Cole (born 9 November 1995) is an English actor. He is known for his role as Michael Gray in the BBC series Peaky Blinders (2014–2022). He also starred as Joshua "J" Cody in TNT's Animal Kingdom (2016–2022) and played young Jakob Toretto in the film F9 (2021).
Monitor Township, Michigan
Monitor Charter Township is a charter township of Bay County in the U.S. state of Michigan, organized in 1869.  The township's population was 10,687 as of the 2020 census and is included in the Bay City Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Bay City, Michigan
Bay City is a city in Bay County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 32,661 at the 2020 census. The city is located just upriver from the Saginaw Bay on the Saginaw River. It is the principal city of the Bay City metropolitan area, which is coterminous with Bay County as part of the larger Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan. Several historic bridges cross the Saginaw River in Bay City, including Liberty Bridge, Veterans Memorial Bridge, Independence Bridge, and Lafayette Avenue Bridge.
Clarice Starling
Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character and protagonist of the novels The Silence of the Lambs (1988) and Hannibal (1999) by Thomas Harris.

In the 1991 film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, she was played by Jodie Foster, while in the 2001 film adaptation of Hannibal, she was played by Julianne Moore. In the CBS television series Clarice, she is played by Rebecca Breeds.

Clarice Starling, as portrayed by Foster, is ranked by the American Film Institute as the greatest heroine in film history. Rolling Stone and Entertainment Weekly ranked Starling as one of the "50 Greatest Movie Protagonists" and "100 Greatest Movie Characters" respectively. Foster's interpretation of Starling is highly ranked amongst the greatest screen performances of all-time, receiving a multitude of accolades including the Academy Award for Best Actress in 1992.

Clarice (TV series)
Clarice is a 2021 American horror crime drama television series created by Alex Kurtzman and Jenny Lumet. It is based on the 1988 novel The Silence of the Lambs by Thomas Harris and set between the events of its 1991 film adaptation and Hannibal (2001). The series stars Rebecca Breeds as the titular character, along with Lucca De Oliveira, Devyn A. Tyler, Kal Penn, Nick Sandow, Michael Cudlitz, and Marnee Carpenter. The series premiered on February 11, 2021, on CBS.

In May 2021, CBS entered negotiations to relocate the series to Paramount+ for its second season. By June, the relocation became "unlikely" to happen.
Berlin State Library
The Berlin State Library (German: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin; officially abbreviated as SBB, colloquially Stabi) is a universal library in Berlin, Germany, and a property of the German public cultural organization the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (German: Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz).

Founded in 1661, it is among the largest libraries in Europe, and one of the most important academic research libraries in the German-speaking world. It collects texts, media and cultural works from all fields across many languages, from all time periods and all countries of the world, and offers them for academic and research purposes.

Prominent items in its collection include the oldest biblical illustrations in the fifth-century Quedlinburg Itala fragment, a Gutenberg Bible, the main autograph collection of Goethe, the world's largest collection of Johann Sebastian Bach's and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's manuscripts, and the original score of Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony № 9.

Unter den Linden
Unter den Linden (German: [ˈʊntɐ deːn ˈlɪndn̩] ⓘ, "under the linden trees") is a boulevard in the central Mitte district of Berlin, Germany. Running from the Berlin Palace to the Brandenburg Gate, it is named after the linden trees (known as lime in the UK and Ireland and basswood in North America, not related to citrus lime) that line the grassed pedestrian mall on the median and the two broad carriageways. The avenue links numerous Berlin sights, landmarks and rivers for sightseeing.
Meng Zhaojuan
Meng Zhaojuan (Chinese: 孟昭娟; born 14 December 1989) is a road and track cyclist, who most recently rode for UCI Women's Continental Team China Liv Pro Cycling. Representing Hong Kong, Meng competed at the 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. Meng was born in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China, and moved to Hong Kong in 2006.

Pang Yao
Pang Yao (Chinese: 逄瑤; born 27 May 1995) is a Hong Kong road and track cyclist, who most recently rode for UCI Women's Continental Team China Liv Pro Cycling. She represented her nation as a junior on the road at the 2012 UCI Road World Championships and 2013 UCI Road World Championships and at the track at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
Joshua Leonard
Joshua Granville Leonard (born June 17, 1975) is an American actor, producer, writer, and director, known for his role in The Blair Witch Project (1999). He has since starred in films such as Madhouse (2004), The Shaggy Dog (2006), Higher Ground (2011), The Motel Life (2012), Snake and Mongoose (2013), If I Stay (2014), The Town That Dreaded Sundown (2014), 6 Years (2015), and Unsane (2018).

Higher Ground (film)
Higher Ground is a 2011 American drama film directed by Vera Farmiga in her directorial debut. The film is an adaptation of the 2002 memoir This Dark World: A Memoir of Salvation Found and Lost by Carolyn S. Briggs, who co-wrote the screenplay. The film follows Corinne Walker (Farmiga) and her vacillating relationship with Christianity. The cast also includes Joshua Leonard, John Hawkes, Donna Murphy, Norbert Leo Butz, and Bill Irwin.

The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2011, where it was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize. It screened at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 25, 2011, and received a limited release in the United States on August 26, 2011, by Sony Pictures Classics.
Irina Cherniaeva
Irina Evgenyevna Cherniaeva (Russian: Ирина Евгеньевна Черняева; born 29 October 1955 in Moscow) is a Russian former pair skater who competed for the Soviet Union. With her skating partner, Vasili Blagov, she represented the Soviet Union at the 1972 Winter Olympics where they placed 6th.

As of 2018, Tcherniaeva is a skating coach at Anglet Sports de Glace in France. She is the mother of ice dancer Marina Anissina and ice hockey player Mikhail Anisin, and is of Ukrainian descent.

Marina Anissina
Marina Vyacheslavovna Anissina (Russian: Марина Вячеславовна Анисина; born 30 August 1975) is a Franco-Russian ice dancer. Competing with Gwendal Peizerat for France, she is the 2002 Olympic champion, the 1998 Olympic bronze medalist, the 2000 World champion, and a six-time French national champion.

Earlier in her career, Anissina competed with Ilia Averbukh for Russia and the Soviet Union. They won gold at two World Junior Championships.
Tajuria matsutaroi motokoae
Tajuria matsutaroi motokoae is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is a subspecies of Tajuria matsutaroi. This subspecies is rarely found on Leyte island in the Philippines. Its forewing length is 16–19 mm. Subspecies motokoae is distinguishable from the nominotypical subspecies by the following characters of the upperside: 1) ground colour is decidedly darker and clearly tinged with purple, while only slightly tinged with pale purple in subspecies matsutaroi, 2) black border is broader in spaces 1b, 2 and the upper part of the cell on the forewing, 3) in the female, the upperside costal area is blackish, whereas it is whitish in subspecies matsutaroi.

Etymology. The subspecific name is dedicated to Mrs Motoko UEMURA in Higashiosaka-shi, Japan.

Tajuria matsutaroi
Tajuria matsutaroi is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae first described by Hisakazu Hayashi in 1984. It is endemic to the Philippine islands of Mindanao and Leyte. Forewing length is about 16–19 mm. The butterfly is a rare species. The nominotypical subspecies is found only on Mount Apo on Mindanao island and occurs several times a year.

Etymology: The specific name is dedicated to Matsutaro Hayashi, the father of the author.
City Hunter (2011 TV series)
City Hunter (Korean: 시티헌터) is a 2011 South Korean television series based on the Japanese manga series of the same name written and illustrated by Tsukasa Hojo, starring Lee Min-ho, Park Min-young, Lee Joon-hyuk, Kim Sang-joong, Kim Sang-ho, Hwang Sun-hee, Goo Hara, Chun Ho-jin, and Lee Kwang-soo. It premiered on May 25, 2011, on SBS and finished broadcasting on July 28, 2011. This show was successful in Europe and paved way for Lee Min-ho's popularity in Europe.

Lee Joon-hyuk (actor, born 1984)
Lee Joon-hyuk (Korean: 이준혁; born March 13, 1984) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his role as Seo Dong-jae in Stranger (2017–2020). His other notable works include Naked Fireman (2017), A Poem a Day (2018), Designated Survivor: 60 Days (2019), 365: Repeat the Year (2020), Dark Hole (2021), Vigilante (2023), and Love Scout (2025).
The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge
"The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge" is one of the fifty-six Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Arthur Conan Doyle.  One of eight stories in the volume His Last Bow, it is a lengthy, two-part story consisting of "The Singular Experience of Mr. John Scott Eccles" and "The Tiger of San Pedro", which on original publication in The Strand bore the collective title of "A Reminiscence of Mr. Sherlock Holmes".

His Last Bow
His Last Bow: Some Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes is a 1917 collection of previously published Sherlock Holmes stories by British writer Arthur Conan Doyle, including the titular short story, "His Last Bow. The War Service of Sherlock Holmes" (1917). The collection's first US edition adjusts the anthology's subtitle to Some Later Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes.

All editions contain a brief preface, by "John H. Watson, M.D.", that assures readers that as of the date of publication, Holmes is long retired from his profession of detective but is still alive and well, albeit suffering from a touch of rheumatism.
Debra DiGiovanni
Debra DiGiovanni (born March 21, 1972) is a Canadian stand-up comedian originally from Tillsonburg, Ontario.

She is a frequent guest on the CBC Radio program The Debaters, for which she earned a Canadian Comedy Award nomination for writing. Her previous work includes being a regular contributor to Much’s Video on Trial series and its spinoff Stars on Trial, as well as a permanent panellist on The Comedy Network’s Canadian revival of Match Game, among other things.

Stars on Trial
Stars on Trial is a MuchMusic television special based on the MuchMusic television program Video on Trial. It premiered in late December 2005, as part of the network's annual "Holiday Wrap." Stars on Trial uses basically the same concept as Video on Trial. However, the special was a full hour long as opposed to being a half-hour long and took place in an actual courtroom set instead of a black background set. Also, the jury analyzed celebrities themselves instead of just music videos.

The show was MuchMusic's highest rated special of the year other than the MuchMusic Video Awards and remains the highest rated comedy special in the network's history (not including VOT Holiday specials which are holiday-themed regular episodes).
Ramification problem
In philosophy and artificial intelligence (especially, knowledge based systems), the ramification problem is concerned with the indirect consequences of an action. It might also be posed as how to represent what happens implicitly due to an action or how to control the secondary and tertiary effects of an action. It is strongly connected to, and is opposite the qualification side of, the frame problem.

Limit theory helps in operational usage. For instance, in KBE derivation of a populated design (geometrical objects, etc., similar concerns apply in shape theory), equivalence assumptions allow convergence where potentially large, and perhaps even computationally indeterminate, solution sets are handled deftly. Yet, in a chain of computation, downstream events may very well find some types of results from earlier resolutions of ramification as problematic for their own algorithms.

Qualification problem
In philosophy and AI (especially, knowledge-based systems), the qualification problem is concerned with the impossibility of listing all the preconditions required for a real-world action to have its intended effect. It might be posed as how to deal with the things that prevent me from achieving my intended result. It is strongly connected to, and opposite the ramification side of, the frame problem. John McCarthy gives the following motivating example, in which it is impossible to enumerate all the circumstances that may prevent a robot from performing its ordinary function:

[T]he successful use of a boat to cross a river requires, if the boat is a rowboat, that the oars and rowlocks be present and unbroken, and that they fit each other. Many other qualifications can be added, making the rules for using a rowboat almost impossible to apply, and yet anyone will still be able to think of additional requirements not yet stated.
Stout Batwing
The Stout Batwing was an experimental low aspect ratio flying wing aircraft developed by William Bushnell Stout. The aircraft used wood veneer construction and was an early example of cantilever wing design. The internally braced wing was also one of the first American aircraft designed without drag-producing struts.

William Bushnell Stout
William Bushnell Stout (March 16, 1880 – March 20, 1956) was a pioneering American inventor, engineer, developer and designer whose works in the automotive and aviation fields were groundbreaking. Known by the nickname "Bill", Stout designed an aircraft that eventually became the Ford Trimotor and was an executive at the Ford Motor Company.
Arboroasa
Arboroasa (roughly, "the woodland") was a society (Studentenverbindung) for Romanian students in the Austro-Hungarian city of Czernowitz (Cernăuți; now Chernivtsi, Ukraine), located in the Bukovina region of Cisleithania. Operating between 1875 and 1877 and attracting several dozen participants, its activities were both cultural and patriotic in nature; a central figure within the group was composer Ciprian Porumbescu. Arboroasa was shut down by the authorities and the leadership arrested after members sent two politically sensitive telegrams to the Romanian Old Kingdom. However, a year later, the organization was largely reconstituted as Societatea Academică Junimea.

Ciprian Porumbescu
Ciprian Porumbescu (Romanian: [tʃipriˈan porumˈbesku]; born Cyprian Gołęmbiowski on 14 October 1853 – 6 June 1883) was a Romanian composer born in Șipotele Sucevei in Bucovina. He was among the most celebrated Romanian composers of his time; his popular works include Crai nou, Song of the Tricolour, Song for Spring, Ballad for violin and piano, and Serenada. In addition, he composed the music for the Romanian patriotic "Song of Unity", also known as "Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire" ("On our flag is written Unity"), which was Romania's anthem from 1975 to 1977 and is currently used for Albania's national anthem, "Himni i Flamurit". His work spreads over various forms and musical genres, but the majority of his work is choral and operetta.
Jane Hamsher
Jane Hamsher (born Jane Murphy; July 25, 1959) is a US film producer, author, and blogger best known as the author of Killer Instinct, a memoir about co-producing the 1994 movie Natural Born Killers with Don Murphy (no relation) and others, and as the founder and publisher of the politically progressive blog FireDogLake (2004 – 2015). With Murphy, she also co-produced the subsequent films Apt Pupil (1998), Permanent Midnight (1998), and From Hell (2001). A contributor to The Huffington Post, she posts also in websites and political magazines, such as AlterNet and The American Prospect.

Firedoglake
Firedoglake (abbreviated as FDL) was an American collaborative blog that described itself as a "leading progressive news site, online community, and action organization".  Established by film producer Jane Hamsher in 2004, Firedoglake served as a platform for Hamsher, other writers and commenters to engage in debate and activism. Hamsher shut down Firedoglake on August 1, 2015, citing health reasons, and announced that all posts would be archived at the Shadowproof website, which was launched that year by former staff members. Shadowproof describes itself as "a press organization driven to expose systemic abuses of power in business and government while developing a model for independent journalism that supports a diverse range of young freelance writers and contributors."
Gylle de Burgh
Gylle de Burgh (English: /dəˈbɜːr/ də-BUR; fl. 1332) was an Anglo-Irish noblewoman and wife of Richard de Manderville.

De Burgh was the only daughter of Sir William Liath de Burgh (died 1323) and a sister of Sir Walter Liath de Burgh. Walter was captured and starved to death by his cousin, the Earl of Ulster, in 1332.

Gylle, married to Richard de Manderville, had her husband and his family kill the earl at Carrickfergus on 6 June 1333 in revenge. This murder was directly responsible for the destruction of the great de Burgh lordship of Connacht, and the loss of Ulster to the Gaelic-Irish till the Ulster Plantations of 1610.

Walter Liath de Burgh
Sir Walter Liath de Burgh (English: /dəˈbɜːr/ də-BUR; died February 1332) was an Anglo-Irish noble whose imprisonment by the Earl of Ulster and death from starvation led to the Earl's murder the following year.
José Escobar Saliente
José Escobar Saliente (22 October 1908 — 31 March 1994) was a Spanish comic book writer and artist, born in Barcelona.  He signed as Escobar, and is most famous for his creation Zipi y Zape, as well as the character Carpanta. He was also an author and a theater actor, as well as one of the pioneers of animation in Spain during the 1920s, and worked on early Spanish animated movies, such as La ratita que barría la escalerita (“The little rat who was sweeping the little flight of stairs”).

Carpanta
Carpanta Hambrón, or as better known, Carpanta, is the name of a Spanish character featured in the comic strips and comic books of the same name created in 1947 by José Escobar.  The comics focus on Carpanta's perpetual hunger and his usually failed attempts of satiating it.

The comic series stars Carpanta as the main protagonist and Protasio as Carpanta's friend, along with cameos from other comics such as Petra from the comic book series Petra, criada para todo.

Escobar created Carpanta to symbolize the misery in postwar Spain. It was first published in the 4th number of the Spanish weekly illustrated magazine Pulgarcito, being the first strip Trece en la Mesa (Thrirteen at the table).
Melco Resorts & Entertainment
Melco Resorts & Entertainment Limited is a developer, owner and operator of integrated resorts with entertainment and casino gaming facilities in Asia and Europe. Based in Hong Kong, the company is listed on the NASDAQ. Originally known as Melco Crown Entertainment (Melco Crown or MPEL), Melco Resorts was founded in 2004 as a joint venture between Melco International and Crown Limited. Melco Crown became Melco Resorts & Entertainment in May 2017 and currently operates as a subsidiary of Melco International. Melco Resorts owns and operates a number of integrated resorts, having launched Altira Macau in 2007, City of Dreams Macau in 2009, City of Dreams Manila in 2015, Studio City Macau in 2015, City of Dreams Mediterranean, the largest integrated resort in Europe in 2023 and City of Dreams Sri Lanka in 2025. Furthermore, the company also operates the Mocha Clubs slot machine brand.

Crown Resorts
Crown Resorts Limited is an Australian gaming and entertainment group that owns and operates three integrated resorts, including Crown Melbourne, Crown Perth and Crown Sydney. It was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange until purchased by Blackstone in June 2022.