hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Smith (composer)
William Smith (c. 27 March 1603 – April 1645) was an English composer from the city of Durham. He is chiefly known for his set of choral preces and responses for the Anglican liturgy of Evening Prayer.

Preces
In Christian liturgical worship, Preces (Latin for 'prayers'; /ˈpriːsiːz/ PREE-seez), also known in Anglican prayer as the Suffrages or Responses, describe a series of short petitions said or sung as versicles and responses by the officiant and the gathered worshippers respectively. Versicle-and-response is one of the oldest forms of prayer in Christianity, with its roots in Hebrew prayers during the time of the Temple in Jerusalem. In many prayer books the versicles and responses comprising the preces are denoted by special glyphs:

Versicle: ℣, a letter V crossed by an oblique line – Unicode 2123, HTML entity &#8483;

Response: ℟, a letter R crossed by an oblique line – Unicode 211F, HTML entity &#8479;
Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch
Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was created for the 2005 general election, replacing Cumbernauld and Kilsyth and part of Strathkelvin and Bearsden. The seat has been represented since 2024 by Katrina Murray of Scottish Labour.

The constituency covers the north of the North Lanarkshire council area, and small eastern and northern part of the East Dunbartonshire council area. Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies the Boundary Commission for Scotland recommended new boundaries for the constituency and for it to be renamed from Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Kirkintilloch East, despite the fact that the constituency under the new boundaries still contains Kilsyth and only covers the eastern half of Kirkintilloch.

Cumbernauld and Kilsyth (UK Parliament constituency)
Cumbernauld and Kilsyth was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1983 until 2005, when it was absorbed into the new constituency of Cumbernauld, Kilsyth and Kirkintilloch East as part of a major reorganisation of Scottish constituencies.

The similarly named constituency of Cumbernauld and Kilsyth continues for the Scottish Parliament.
Leptomantellidae
The Leptomantellidae are a new (2019), small family of praying mantids, based on the type genus Leptomantella.  As part of a major revision of mantid taxonomy, genera have been moved here from the Caliridinae in the now obsolete family Tarachodidae.

The new placement is in superfamily Nanomantoidea (of group Cernomantodea) and infraorder Schizomantodea.  Species in this family have been recorded from Asia, including India and Indochina.

Leptomantella
Leptomantella is a genus of praying mantids and typical of the new (2019) family Leptomantellidae.  Species have been recorded from Asia.

Previously placed here as a subgenus, the genus Aetaella was erected by Hebard in 1920 and has now been restored.
NGC 2032
NGC 2032 (also known as ESO 56-EN160 and the Seagull Nebula) is an emission nebula in the Dorado constellation and near the supershell LMC-4 and it consists of NGC 2029, NGC 2035 and NGC 2040. It was first discovered by James Dunlop on 27 September 1826, and John Herschel rerecorded it on 2 November 1834. NGC 2032 is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

NGC 2029
NGC 2029 (also known as ESO 56-EN156 or the Dragon's Head Nebula) is an emission nebula in the Dorado constellation and is part of the Large Magellanic Cloud. It is part of a complex of nebulae and stars, including NGC 2032, NGC 2035 and NGC 2040. It was discovered by James Dunlop on the 27 September 1826. Its apparent magnitude is 12.29, and its size is 2.25 arc minutes.

The coordinates for NGC 2029 and NGC 2030 were reversed between Herschel's original Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars and the New General Catalogue.  NGC 2030, originally GC 2029, is an isolated nebula with an embedded star cluster, about 1.5 degrees north of NGC 2029.
SPAD S.VII
The SPAD S.VII C.1 was the first in a series of single-seat biplane fighter aircraft produced by Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés (SPAD) during the First World War. Like its successors, the S.VII was renowned as a sturdy and rugged aircraft with good diving characteristics. It was also a stable gun platform, although pilots used to the more manoeuvrable Nieuport fighters found it heavy on the controls. It was flown by a number of famous aces, such as France's Georges Guynemer, Italy's Francesco Baracca and Australia's Alexander Pentland.

Georges Guynemer
Georges  Marie Lodovic Jules Guynemer (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ ɡinmɛːʁ], 24 December 1894 – 11 September 1917 MIA) was the second highest-scoring French fighter ace with 54 victories during World War I, and a French national hero at the time of his death. Guynemer's death was a profound shock to France.
Tax returns in Australia
Australian tax returns for the tax year beginning 1 July and ending 30 June of the following year are generally due on 31 October after the end of the tax year.

Australian individual taxpayers can file their return online with the ATO's myTax software, by ordering a printed copy of the tax return form, or with the assistance of a tax agent. Until 2011, the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) published TaxPack, a free document designed to help individuals complete their return. In 2012, TaxPack was replaced with a smaller instruction document, due to increased usage of the e-tax software.

Extensions of the deadline for lodging a tax return are automatically available to those individuals using a Registered Tax Agent operating on an extended lodgement system, and extensions can be made available under some circumstances.

In Australia, individuals and taxpaying entities with taxable income might need to lodge different returns with the ATO in respect of various forms of taxation.

TaxPack
TaxPack is a booklet issued by the Australian Taxation Office to assist individuals complete their income tax return.

It comes in a different edition for each year entitled for example TaxPack 2007.  An associated booklet is the  TaxPack supplement with extra tax items not needed by 80% of taxpayers.
Another version is called TaxPack for retirees.

It can take 8½ hours to read through the tax pack and complete the forms.

4,800,000 copies of taxPack 2000 were produced along with 1,300,000 copies of the supplement.  In 1998, 5,800,000 copies were printed.  It had 124 pages with the 1997 edition having 140 pages.  The 60 page supplement was split off in 1998 to reduce the size of TaxPack.  Although TaxPack is still being produced, it was being replaced by a PC software package called E-tax but has since been migrated to the online platform myGov.
German Open (golf)
The German Open was a men's golf tournament. It was first staged in 1911 when the winner was Harry Vardon. The following year the champion was another of the Great Triumvirate of late 19th and early 20th century British golfers, John Henry Taylor. The tournament was then not played again for over a decade. It was played each year from 1926 to 1939; Percy Alliss won five times in this era, Auguste Boyer four times and Henry Cotton three.

Harry Vardon
Henry William Vardon (9 May 1870 – 20 March 1937) was a professional golfer from Jersey. He was a member of the Great Triumvirate with John Henry Taylor and James Braid. Vardon won The Open Championship a record six times, and also won the 1900 U.S. Open. Known as "the Stylist," Vardon's success, as well as his contributions to technique and the sport's fashion, made him golf's first international star and significantly elevated the prestige of the professional golfer. With his total of seven, Vardon holds the most major championships of any golfer from the British Isles.
Pat Finley
Patrica Helen Karen Finley (born October 14, 19
38) is an American former actress and businesswoman best known for her role as Ellen Hartley, Bob‘s sister on The Bob Newhart Show. She was also credited as Patte Finley in From a Bird's Eye View, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Perry Mason, and on Broadway.

In addition to her acting work, Finley was also active in film distribution and business ventures, balancing acting with executive work in the Pacific Northwest during the 1970s.

The Bob Newhart Show
The Bob Newhart Show is an American television sitcom produced by MTM Enterprises that aired on CBS from September 16, 1972, to April 1, 1978, with a total of 142 half-hour episodes over six seasons. Comedian Bob Newhart portrays a psychologist whose interactions with his wife, friends, patients, and colleagues lead to humorous situations and dialogue. The show was filmed before a live audience.
Thom Donovan
Thom Donovan (born Thomas Joseph Donovan; July 24, 1974, in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, and writer. His first novel The Twin Affair was published by Pegasus on September 28, 2023.

Donovan has released five solo albums and was the lead vocalist and guitarist of the band Lapush. His international performance career has included concerts across the United States as well as cities around the world. Donovan has performed with Brandi Carlile, Ruby Amanfu, Will Hoge, and worked with Wyclef Jean of The Fugees on his single, "Shipwreck".

Donovan's music has frequently appeared in film and television, and he had a recurring uncredited background role in the ABC musical drama series, Nashville, as a musician.

Since 2023, Donovan has written for American Songwriter.

Ruby Amanfu
Eyram Ruby Amanfu Ashworth is an American recording artist based in Nashville. Amanfu has released seven studio albums and multiple singles. She is known for being one half of the duo Sam & Ruby, whose album was named Associated Press Album of the Year in 2009. Amanfu is also known for her collaborations with Jack White in his all-female band, The Peacocks, and has widely appeared on his critically acclaimed solo albums, Blunderbuss and Lazaretto. In 2020 and 2022, Amanfu was nominated for the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for co-writing "Hard Place" by H.E.R. and "A Beautiful Noise" by Alicia Keys and Brandi Carlile, and was nominated for a Soul Train Music Award for The Ashford & Simpson Songwriter's Award.

Outside of her musical career, Amanfu is an actress, civil activist, an elected Recording Academy Board Governor, private chef, and food blogger.
Lac de Serre-Ponçon
The Lac de Serre-Ponçon (French pronunciation: [lak də sɛʁ pɔ̃sɔ̃]; Vivaro-Alpine: Lac de Sèrra Ponçon), known in English as the Lake of Serre-Ponçon, is a reservoir on the border between the Hautes-Alpes and Alpes-de-Haute-Provence departments, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, Southeastern France, one of the largest in Western Europe. The lake gathers the waters of the Durance and the Ubaye rivers, flowing down through the Hautes-Alpes and the Alpes du Sud to the Rhône. The waters are dammed by the Barrage de Serre-Ponçon, a 123-metre (404 ft) high earth core dam.

As well as water control, sixteen hydroelectric plants use the water, with additional water control supporting; the lake provides irrigation to 1,500 square kilometres (580 sq mi) of land.

Durance
The Durance (French pronunciation: [dyʁɑ̃s]; Durença in the Occitan classical norm or Durènço in the Mistralian norm) is a major river in Southeastern France. A left tributary of the Rhône, it is 323.2 km (200.8 mi) long. Its drainage basin is 14,472 km2 (5,588 sq mi).

Its source is in the southwestern part of the Alps, in the Montgenèvre ski resort near Briançon; it flows southwest through the following departments and cities:

Hautes-Alpes: Briançon, Embrun.

Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: Sisteron, Manosque.

Vaucluse: Cavaillon, Avignon.

Bouches-du-Rhône.

The Durance's largest tributary is the Verdon. The Durance itself is a tributary of the Rhône and flows into the Rhône near Avignon. The Durance is the second longest (after the Saône) of the tributaries of the Rhône and the third largest in terms of its flow (after the Saône and Isère).
Charlotte Fairbanks
Charlotte Fairbanks (December 11, 1871 – February 15, 1932) was an American medical doctor and chemist. She earned a B.A. from Smith college in 1894, and graduated with a Ph.D. in chemistry from Yale at the age of 25. By this time she had published three papers discussing analytical chemistry. She was the granddaughter of Thaddeus Fairbanks, who was a well-known inventor at the time. Fairbanks earned her M.D. and became a practicing physician in 1902. At the beginning of WWI, Fairbanks joined the American Women's Hospital unit in France and was stationed in Luzancy, France, where she spent a year as the chief surgeon at the hospital. For her efforts, she was awarded the Medal of French Gratitude, and was awarded French citizenship. She returned after the war and opened a practice in her hometown of St. Johnsbury, where she was an active member of the community.

Medal of French Gratitude
The Medal of French Gratitude (French: "Médaille de la Reconnaissance française") was a French honour medal created on 13 July 1917 and solely awarded to civilians.  The medal was created to express gratitude by the French government to all those who, without legal or military obligation, had come to the aid of the injured, disabled, refugees, or who had performed an act of exceptional dedication in the presence of the enemy during the First World War.  The creation of this distinction was mainly the result of unsuccessful offensives of General Nivelle in 1917 and the serious crisis of confidence in France.  The French government thus wanted to thank those who, despite the crisis, were always volunteering. It has three classes: bronze, silver, and gold. Nearly 15,000 people and communities were recipients of this award.  The medal is no longer awarded, the last award was on 14 February 1959.
Harder Than You Think
"Harder Than You Think" is the first single from American hip-hop group Public Enemy's 20th-anniversary album How You Sell Soul to a Soulless People Who Sold Their Soul?, released in 2007. It was produced by Gary G-Wiz.

The song gained popularity during late summer 2007, and became Public Enemy's highest-charting single on the UK Singles Chart in August 2012. It borrows from Shirley Bassey's 1972 track "Jezahel", a cover of the song "Jesahel" by the Italian prog rock band Delirium. On November 25, 2023 the authors of "Jesahel" (Ivano Fossati and Oscar Prudente) and Universal Music Group sued Public Enemy for plagiarism, as Fossati and Prudente are not credited for the use of "Jesahel" in "Harder Than You Think".

The song is also known in the UK for its use as Channel 4's theme for their coverage of the Paralympic Games since the 2012 Summer Paralympics, as well as the theme tune for talk and sketch comedy show The Last Leg, which was initially created to cover the Paralympics.

The Last Leg
The Last Leg (known during its first series as The Last Leg with Adam Hills and in Australia as Adam Hills: The Last Leg) is a British late-night television humorous talk/sketch show that originally ran alongside the 2012 Summer Paralympics every night following the main coverage on Channel 4. Anchored by Australian comedian Adam Hills and co-hosted by Josh Widdicombe and Alex Brooker, it gives a review of the week's events.

Featuring a mix of comedy, guests and Paralympics highlights, the show received strong reviews and regularly pulled in more than a million viewers each night of the Paralympic Games. It has since become a weekly show giving a humorous alternative look back at the week's events. Outside of the UK, the show has been broadcast in Hills' native Australia by the ABC, and since late 2025 by SBS, albeit delayed until the next week, and featuring a different theme tune.
Séraphine (film)
Séraphine is a 2008 French-Belgian film directed by Martin Provost and written by Marc Abdelnour and Provost. It stars Yolande Moreau as the French painter Séraphine Louis and Ulrich Tukur as Wilhelm Uhde. It won the 2009 César Award for Best Film.

Séraphine Louis
Séraphine Louis, known as Séraphine de Senlis (Séraphine of Senlis; 3 September 1864 – 11 December 1942), was a French painter and artist. Self-taught, she was inspired by her religious faith and by stained-glass church windows and other religious art.
Dragomirna (Suceava)
The Dragomirna is a left tributary of the river Suceava in Romania. It flows into the Suceava in the city Suceava. Its length is 16 km (9.9 mi) and its basin size is 34 km2 (13 sq mi). Its lowermost course is shared with the river Mitoc, another left tributary of the Suceava.

Suceava (river)
The Suceava (Ukrainian: Сучава, romanized: Suchava; Romanian: Suceava; Hungarian: Szucsáva) is a river located in the north-east of Romania (Suceava County) and western Ukraine (Chernivtsi Oblast). It is a right tributary of the river Siret. It discharges into the Siret in the town Liteni, 21 km south-east of the city of Suceava.

It rises from the Obcina Mestecăniș Mountains in Bukovina, near the border with Ukraine. The total length of the Suceava from its source to its confluence with the Siret is 173 km (107 mi).: 16  Its basin area is 2,625 km2 (1,014 sq mi), of which 2,298 km2 (887 sq mi) in Romania.
Marián Andrej Pacák
Bishop Marián Andrej Pacák, C.Ss.R. (born 24 April 1973) is a Canadian Slovak Greek Catholic hierarch, who serves as aposotolic visitator in North America of the Slovakia byzantine catholic church, he also served as the third Eparchial Bishop of the Slovak Catholic Eparchy of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto from 5 July 2018 until his resignation on 20 October 2020.

Exarchate of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto
The Exarchate of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto (Latin: Exarchatus Sanctorum Cyrilli et Methodii Torontini ritus Byzantini, Slovak: Exarchát svätých Cyrila a Metoda byzantského obradu v Toronte) is a ecclesiastical territory or exarchate that serves the Slovak Greek Catholic Church — a sui juris or self governing Eastern Catholic Church. Its geographical remit includes the whole territory of Canada. In 2022, Pope Francis transferred the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the exarchate from the Slovak Greek Catholic Church to the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church. It became part of the ecclesiastical Metropolis of Pittsburgh. This changed the territory's status from an eparchy to an exarchate at the same time.
Natalie Maines
Natalie Louise Maines (born October 14, 1974) is an American musician. She is the lead vocalist for the country band the Chicks.

In 1995, after leaving Berklee College of Music, Maines was recruited by the Dixie Chicks to replace their lead singer, Laura Lynch. With Maines as lead vocalist, the band earned 10 Country Music Association Awards and 13 Grammy Awards for their work between 1998 and 2007.

In 2006, the Dixie Chicks released Taking the Long Way. The album subsequently won five Grammy Awards (including Album of the Year). The Dixie Chicks' new album, Gaslighter was released on July 17, 2020. As a solo artist, Maines released the album, Mother, on May 7, 2013.

Gaslighter (album)
Gaslighter is the eighth studio album by American country band the Chicks. It was released on July 17, 2020, by Columbia Records. Produced by Jack Antonoff and the Chicks, it is the group's first album in fourteen years, and  first to be released under their new name (though earlier physical pressings of the album still carry the "Dixie Chicks" name). The album was preceded by the release of three singles: "Gaslighter", "Julianna Calm Down", and "March March". The album received critical acclaim.
Gregory Chow
Gregory Chi-Chong Chow (simplified Chinese: 邹至庄; traditional Chinese: 鄒至莊; pinyin: Zōu Zhìzhuāng; born December 25, 1930) is a Chinese-American economist at Princeton University and Xiamen University. The Chow test, commonly used in econometrics to test for structural breaks, was invented by him. He has also been influential in the economic policy of China, including being an adviser for the Economic Planning and Development Council of the Executive Yuan in the Republic of China, and being an adviser for the Chinese State Commission for Restructuring the Economic System on economic reform.

Chow test
The Chow test (Chinese: 鄒檢定), proposed by econometrician Gregory Chow in 1960, is a statistical test of whether the true coefficients in two linear regressions on different data sets are equal. In econometrics, it is most commonly used in time series analysis to test for the presence of a structural break at a period which can be assumed to be known a priori (for instance, a major historical event such as a war). In program evaluation, the Chow test is often used to determine whether the independent variables have different impacts on different subgroups of the population.
Nelaug (lake)
Nelaug is a lake in the municipalities of Froland and Åmli in Agder county, Norway. The 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) lake is formed by a dam which regulates a hydroelectric power plant on the Nidelva river.  The village of Nelaug is located near the dam in Froland municipality.  The lake is located about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) south of the village of Åmli, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of the village of Dølemo, and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Blakstad.

Froland
Froland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Sørlandet. The administrative center is the village of Blakstad, which along with Osedalen form the main population center of the municipality. Other villages in Froland include Bøylefoss, Bøylestad, Froland, Frolands verk, Heldalsmo, Hinnebu, Hynnekleiv, Jomås, Lauvrak, Libru, Løvjomås, Mjåvatn, Mjølhus, Mykland, and Risdal.

The 645-square-kilometre (249 sq mi) municipality is the 176th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Froland is the 155th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,174. The municipality's population density is 10.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (27/sq mi) and its population has increased by 13.8% over the previous 10-year period.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-amylamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-amylamphetamine (DOAM), also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-pentylamphetamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families related to DOM. It is the derivative of DOM in which the methyl group at the 4 position has been replaced with an amyl (pentyl) group. The drug is taken orally.

It is a serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The drug produces weak and mixed psychedelic-like effects in animals.

DOAM was first described in the scientific literature by Alexander Shulgin and colleagues in 1975. Subsequently, it was described in greater detail by Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved).

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine (DOPR) is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families related to DOM. It is the derivative of DOM in which the methyl group at the 4 position has been replaced with a propyl group. The drug is taken orally.

The drug acts as a serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. It produces psychedelic-like effects in animals.

DOPR was first described in the literature by Alexander Shulgin in 1970. Subsequently, it was described in greater detail by Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved).
17β-Aminoestrogen
17β-Aminoestrogens are a group of synthetic, steroidal estrogens derived from estradiol which have an amine substitution in place of the hydroxyl group at the C17β position. They are estrogenic similarly, but, unlike estradiol, show sustained anticoagulant activity that appears to be mediated by non-genomic mechanisms. As such, it is thought that they may have a reduced risk of venous thromboembolism. The 17β-aminoestrogens include the base or parent estrogen aminoestradiol (AE2) and the extended-chain derivatives butolame, hexolame, pentolame, prodiame, and prolame. They are a homologous series of steroids.

Pentolame
Pentolame, also known as 17β-((5-hydroxypentyl)amino)estradiol is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen and a 17β-aminoestrogen with anticoagulant effects that was first described in 1993 and was never marketed.