hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boy's surface
In geometry, Boy's surface is an immersion of the real projective plane in three-dimensional space. It was discovered in 1901 by the German mathematician Werner Boy, who had been tasked by his doctoral thesis advisor David Hilbert to prove that the projective plane could not be immersed in three-dimensional space.

Boy's surface was first parametrized explicitly by Bernard Morin in 1978. Another parametrization was discovered by Rob Kusner and Robert Bryant. Boy's surface is one of the two possible immersions of the real projective plane which have only a single triple point.

Unlike the Roman surface and the cross-cap, it has no other singularities than self-intersections (that is, it has no pinch-points).

Immersion (mathematics)
In mathematics, an immersion is a differentiable function between differentiable manifolds whose differential pushforward is everywhere injective. Explicitly, f : M → N is an immersion if

is an injective function at every point p of M (where TpX denotes the tangent space of a manifold X at a point p in X and Dp f  is the derivative (pushforward) of the map f at point p). Equivalently, f is an immersion if its derivative has constant rank equal to the dimension of M:

The function f itself need not be injective, only its derivative must be.
John McMullen (broadcaster)
John McMullen is a radio host, producer, and broadcaster.  He has worked for Internet radio broadcasters, founded the GayBC Radio Network, a service for the LGBT community, and operated Sirius Satellite Radio's LGBT radio offering, Sirius OutQ.

OutQ
OutQ was a news, talk and entertainment channel on Sirius XM Radio, targeted for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender audiences. The channel was available to Sirius and XM subscribers in both the United States and Canada.

Personalities associated with the channel included Frank DeCaro, Doria Biddle, Larry Flick, Lance Bass, Derek Hartley, and Romaine Patterson. Tim Curran served as the channel's news director, with Xorje Olivares as the lead anchor. OutQ News changed its schedule on August 4, 2013, leaving behind its top-of-the-hour format in favor of a daily news review aired at 6pm EST.

On November 20, 2006, station founder and show host John McMullen was relieved of his duties.

SiriusXM closed down OutQ on February 13, 2016.
Osmund of Sussex
Osmund (fl. c. 760 – c. 772) was a King of Sussex, apparently reigning jointly with Oswald, Ælfwald, and Oslac.

According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, version D, Osmund was reigning in Sussex when Archbishop Cuthbert died in 760, so his rule commenced before that event.

Osmund issued a charter, dated 762 in error for 765, as Osmundus.

Osmund also issued a charter dated 770 in which he is listed as Osmundus rex.

So Osmund’s reign was from in or before 760 to between 770 and 772, as he witnessed a charter of Offa, King of Mercia, dated 772 as Osmund dux. Evidently he was demoted from king to ealdorman following Offa's conquest of Sussex.

Oslac of Sussex
Oslac was a King of Sussex. He reigned jointly with Ealdwulf and Ælfwald, and probably also Oswald and Osmund.

Oslac witnessed an undated charter of Ealdwulf, believed to be from about 765, with his name corruptly recorded in the surviving revision as Osiai rex.

After the conquest of Sussex by Offa, King of Mercia, Oslac witnessed a charter of Offa, dated 772, as Oslac dux, with his name placed after Oswald, Osmund, and Ælfwald, suggesting that he was the most junior of the former kings.

His latest surviving charter is dated 780, and the original still exists; in it he is styled Oslac dux Suthsaxorum.
Siecha Lakes
The Siecha Lakes are three glacial lakes located in the Chingaza Natural National Park in Cundinamarca, Colombia. The Andean lakes are considered sacred in the religion of the Muisca who inhabited the area before the Spanish conquest of the Muisca in the 1530s.

Chingaza National Natural Park
Chingaza National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural (PNN) Chingaza) is located in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes, northeast of Bogotá, Colombia in the departments of Cundinamarca and Meta. The elevation in the park, to the east of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, ranges from 800 to 4,020 metres (2,600 to 13,200 ft), and the temperature ranges from 4 to 21.5 °C (39 to 71 °F). The park extends over the Cundinamarca municipalities La Calera, Fómeque, Guasca and San Juanito (Meta).
Nizza Monferrato
Nizza Monferrato (Piedmontese: Nissa dla Paja) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Asti.

Nizza Monferrato borders the following municipalities: Calamandrana, Castel Boglione, Castelnuovo Belbo, Castelnuovo Calcea, Fontanile, Incisa Scapaccino, Mombaruzzo, San Marzano Oliveto, Vaglio Serra, and Vinchio.

Province of Asti
The province of Asti (Italian: provincia di Asti; Piedmontese: provincia d'Ast) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Asti. To the northwest it borders on the Metropolitan City of Turin; to the southwest it borders on the province of Cuneo. To the east it borders on the province of Alessandria, while in the south it shares a very short border with the Ligurian province of Savona. It has an area of 1,504.5 square kilometres (580.9 sq mi), and, As of 2017, a total population of 215,871.
Uri Party
The Yeollin Uri Party (Korean: 열린우리당; lit. Our Open Party), generally abbreviated to Uri Party (우리당), was the ruling social-liberal political party in South Korea from 2003 to 2007. A liberal party, it was created to support then-President Roh Moo-hyun. Chung Sye Kyun was the last leader of the party and twice served as its chairman. In 2007 the party merged the United New Democratic Party to form the Democratic Party. The current-day descendant of the party is the Democratic Party of Korea, but progressives in the party have become members of the Justice Party.

Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)
The Democratic Party (DP; Korean: 민주당; RR: Minjudang) was a liberal political party in South Korea. Formerly named the United Democratic Party (UDP; 통합민주당), it was the main opposition party in the 18th Assembly. In late 2011, it merged into the Democratic United Party.
Radar Men from the Moon
Radar Men from the Moon is  a 1952 Republic Pictures' 12-chapter movie serial, the first Commando Cody serial starring newcomer George Wallace as Cody, Aline Towne as his sidekick Joan Gilbert, and serial veteran Roy Barcroft as the evil Retik, the Ruler of the Moon. The director was Fred C. Brannon, with a screenplay by Ronald Davidson, and special effects by the Lydecker brothers. This serial recycles the flying sequences from Republic's earlier 1949 serial King of the Rocket Men. It was later released by Republic in 1966 as the 100-minute television film Retik the Moon Menace.

The odd naming choice of the serial's main hero, "Commando Cody," was possibly an attempt by Republic to make young audiences think they were seeing another adventure of Commander Corry, the hero of the popular ABC TV and radio series Space Patrol (1950–1955). However, there is no surviving evidence that this was a consideration by anyone at Republic.

Aline Towne
Fern Aline Waller (née Eggen; 7 November 1919 – 2 February 1996), known as Aline Towne, was an American film and television actress, best remembered for her lead roles in 1950s Republic serials, such as Radar Men from the Moon.
Ryan Peake (golfer)
Ryan Peake (born 8 March 1993) is an Australian professional golfer. After a promising amateur career, he turned professional in 2012. Peake later joined the Rebels Motorcycle Club, an outlaw motorcycle club, and was sentenced to prison for assault in 2014. He was released in 2019 and made a return to golf, earning status on the PGA Tour of Australasia. He won the New Zealand Open in 2025 and finished second on the tour's Order of Merit, securing status on the European Tour.

New Zealand Open
The New Zealand Open is the premier men's golf tournament in New Zealand. It has been a regular fixture on the PGA Tour of Australasia tournament schedule since the 1970s. The 2019 event was the 100th edition of the tournament. Since 2014 it has been held as a pro-am in February or March.

Prize money for the 2020 event was NZ$1.4 million, with an additional NZ$50,000 for the pro-am; the tournament winner received NZ$252,000.

The reigning champion is Ryan Peake, who won the 2025 event.
Willamette Iron and Steel Works
45°32′38″N 122°41′48″W﻿ / ﻿45.54387°N 122.69674°W﻿ / 45.54387; -122.69674

Willamette Iron Works (also known as Willamette Iron and Steel Company or WISCO) was a general foundry and machine business established in 1865 in Portland, Oregon, originally specializing in the manufacture of steamboat boilers and engines.  In 1904, the company changed its name to Willamette Iron and Steel Works, under which name it operated continually until its close in 1990.

Seattle–Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation
The Seattle–Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation (later renamed Todd Pacific Shipyards, Inc.) was an American shipbuilding company which built escort carriers, destroyers, cargo ships and auxiliaries for the United States Navy and merchant marine during World War II. It consisted of two yards, one in Seattle and one in Tacoma, along the Puget Sound of Washington. It was the largest producer of destroyers (45) on the West Coast and the largest producer of escort carriers of various classes (56) of any United States shipyard active during World War II.
Giant (TV series)
Giant (Korean: 자이언트) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Lee Beom-soo, Park Jin-hee, Park Sang-min, Hwang Jung-eum, Joo Sang-wook, and Jeong Bo-seok. It aired on SBS from May 10 to December 7, 2010, every Monday and Tuesday at 21:55 (KST) for 60 episodes. Giant is a sprawling period drama about three siblings' quest for revenge during the economic boom of 1970–1980s Korea. Tragically separated during childhood, the three reunite as adults and set out to avenge their parents' deaths, their fates playing out against a larger tide of power, money, politics, and the growth of a city.

Hwang Jung-eum
Hwang Jung-eum (Korean: 황정음; born December 25, 1984) is a South Korean actress and singer. She first gained recognition for her role in the sitcom High Kick Through the Roof (2009). After starring in her first leading role in television series Listen to My Heart (2011), she became notable for Full House Take 2 (2012), Secret Love (2013), Kill Me, Heal Me (2015), She Was Pretty (2015), The Undateables (2018), Mystic Pop-up Bar (2020), and The Escape of the Seven (2023–2024).
Beaufort scale
The Beaufort scale (/ˈboʊfərt/ BOH-fərt) is an empirical measure that relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. Its full name is the Beaufort wind force scale. It was devised in 1805 by Francis Beaufort, a hydrographer in the British Royal Navy. It was officially adopted by the Royal Navy and later spread internationally.

Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection.
Chapel Hill High School (North Carolina)
Chapel Hill High School is a public high school in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. It is located close to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill High School is part of the Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools district which contains two other high schools, Carrboro High School and East Chapel Hill High School.

Orange County Training School
Orange County Training School (OCTS) (1916–1948), later known as Lincoln High School (1948–1966), was a public elementary and high school that served African-American students in Chapel Hill, Orange County, North Carolina. It became a Rosenwald School starting in 1924, one of the 800 or more in the state.
Kazuto Nakazawa
Kazuto Nakazawa (中澤 一登, Nakazawa Kazuto; born March 4, 1968) is a Japanese character designer and director of numerous anime series and video games who also goes by the pseudonym Takeshi Tsuji (辻 武司, Tsuji Takeshi). His directorial work includes Parasite Dolls, the anime sequence in Kill Bill: Volume 1, and the Moondrive segment of Genius Party Beyond. He has designed characters for many anime, such as Ashita no Nadja and Samurai Champloo, for which he also served as animation director. In addition to his work with anime, he designed the characters of Tales of Legendia and was the animation director of Devil Kings. Throughout his career, he has worked also as an animator, providing key animations to anime such as The Animatrix's "Kid's Story" and "A Detective Story". He has made two appearances at anime conventions in the United States: at Otakon in 1999 and 2006. He also animated the Joe Hahn-directed music video for the Linkin Park song "Breaking the Habit."

Parasite Dolls
Parasite Dolls (パラサイトドールズ, Parasaito Dōruzu) is a three-part original video animation produced by AIC and Imagica Entertainment, and written by Chiaki J. Konaka and Kazuto Nakazawa. The series is set in the Bubblegum Crisis universe and takes place after the events of the original OVA series (ignoring Bubblegum Crash), from 2034 to 2040. It is set in the city of Megatokyo, and focuses on a division of A.D. Police known as Branch. They are tasked with stopping terrorist activities as well as Boomers (androids) that have become harmful to society.
Marina Ovsyannikova
Marina Vladimirovna Ovsyannikova (Russian: Мари́на Влади́мировна Овся́нникова, Russian pronunciationⓘ; née Tkachuk (Ткачу́к); born 19 June 1978) is a Russian journalist who was employed on the Channel One Russia television channel. She worked for Russia's main evening newscast Vremya on Channel One since the beginning of the 2000s, later describing her role as "producing Kremlin propaganda".

In March 2022, she interrupted a broadcast of Vremya to protest against the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which made international news headlines. She was arrested, held without access to her lawyer, fined 30,000 rubles (280 dollars at the time), and later released. As of early October 2022, she is wanted by the Russian justice system after escaping her pre-trial house arrest; her lawyer says that she fled to Europe. In February 2023, it was revealed she had fled to Paris, France with her daughter.

Vremya
Vremya (Russian: Вре́мя, lit. 'Time'; pronounced [ˈvrʲemʲə]) is the main evening newscast in Russia, airing on Channel One Russia (Первый канал, Pervy kanal) and previously on Programme One of the Central Television of the USSR (CT USSR; Russian: Центральное телевидение СССР, ЦТ СССР). The programme has been on the air since 1 January 1968 (there were no broadcasts from August 1991 to December 1994) and has broadcast in color since 1974.
2018 Supercars Championship
The 2018 Supercars Championship (known for commercial reasons as the 2018 Virgin Australia Supercars Championship) was an FIA-sanctioned international motor racing series for Supercars. It was the twentieth running of the Supercars Championship and the twenty-second series in which Supercars have contested the premier Australian touring car title. Teams and drivers competed in thirty-one races at sixteen venues across Australia and New Zealand for the championship titles. Scott McLaughlin won his maiden title at the final race in Newcastle, while Triple Eight Race Engineering won the Teams Championship at Pukekohe.

The 2018 season saw the introduction of the first Gen 2 Supercars, which opened up the category up to a wider variety of body shapes and engine configurations. The championship saw the introduction of the hatchback Holden ZB Commodore, marking the first time since 1994 that a car with a body shape other than a four-door sedan has competed.

Triple Eight Race Engineering
Triple Eight Race Engineering, branded as Red Bull Ampol Racing in Supercars, is an Australian motor racing team competing in the Supercars Championship. The team has been the only Brisbane-based V8 Supercar team since its formation, originally taking over and operating out of the former Briggs Motor Sport workshop in Bowen Hills during the 2003 season before moving to Banyo in 2009. The team has won the Supercars drivers' championship eleven times, the teams' championship thirteen times and the Bathurst 1000 ten times.

The team currently runs three Ford Mustang S650s for Broc Feeney, Will Brown and Jackson Walls. Additionally, the team provides technical support to Blanchard Racing Team. The team performs its testing at Queensland Raceway.
Alexander Watson Hutton
Alexander Watson Hutton (10 June 1853 – 9 March 1936) was a Scottish teacher and sportsman who is considered "The Father of Argentine football". In 1893 he founded the "Argentine Association Football League" (current Argentine Football Association). He also founded the Buenos Aires English High School and football club Alumni, which was the most successful Argentine team with 22 titles won until its dissolution in 1911.

Buenos Aires English High School
The Buenos Aires English High School, also known for its abbreviation BAEHS, is a bilingual school established in Belgrano, Buenos Aires in 1884 by Alexander Watson Hutton, considered "the father" of Argentine football. Watson Hutton was born in Scotland and emigrated to Argentina in 1882. The first educational institution where he worked was St. Andrew's Scots School for two years. As a keen sportsman, Watson Hutton believed that sports were of fundamental importance in education. Nevertheless, he resigned a short while later due to St. Andrew's (which would later win the first Argentine Primera División championship in 1891) not having funds to acquire sports facilities, which were considered by Hutton as an essential component of his teaching methods.
Steve Toth
Steve Hixson Toth (born November 29, 1960) is an American businessman, ordained pastor, and politician serving as a member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 15, The Woodlands area. Toth is a candidate for Texas's 2nd congressional district against Dan Crenshaw in the March 2026 Republican primary.

Cecil Bell Jr.
Cecil Ivan Bell Jr.  (born May 17, 1962) is a Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 3, which initially encompassed Waller County and is now entirely a portion of populous Montgomery County in Southeast Texas.
National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis south and west of downtown
This is a list of properties and historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places within the city limits of St. Louis, Missouri, south of Interstate 64 and west of Downtown St. Louis. For listings in Downtown St. Louis, see National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Downtown West St. Louis. For those north of I-64 and west of downtown, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis north and west of downtown. For listings in St. Louis County and outside the city limits of St. Louis, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis County, Missouri.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Downtown West St. Louis
This is a list of properties and historic districts within the Downtown St. Louis and Downtown West, St. Louis areas of the city of St. Louis, Missouri, that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The downtown area is bounded by Cole Street to the north, the riverfront to the east, Chouteau Avenue to the south, and Jefferson Avenue to the west. Tucker Avenue divides Downtown to the east from Downtown West to the west.

For other listings in the city, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis north and west of downtown and National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis south and west of downtown. For listings in St. Louis County, outside the city limits of St. Louis, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis County, Missouri.
Chris Rokos
Christopher Charles Rokos (born 21 September 1970) is a British billionaire hedge fund manager. He is the founder of macro hedge fund Rokos Capital Management and a former founding partner of Brevan Howard Asset Management.

According to The Sunday Times Rich List in 2020, Rokos' net worth is estimated at £800 million. In 2021, the Sunday Times Rich List estimated his wealth at £1.25 bn.

Rokos Capital Management
Rokos Capital Management LLP (RCM) is a British Alternative Investment Fund Manager (AIFM). RCM is headquartered in London, with offices in New York, Washington DC and Singapore. It is authorised and regulated by the UK Financial Conduct Authority (Reference number 679721). The firm has around 200 employees.
Jesús Ortega
Jesús Ortega Martínez (born November 5, 1952, in Aguascalientes) is a Mexican centre-left politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). He has served in the lower and upper house of the Mexican Congress. He was elected president of the PRD in 2008. He served as president until he was succeeded by Jesús Zambrano Grijalva in 2011.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
How You Gonna Act Like That
"How You Gonna Act Like That" is a song by American singer Tyrese from his third studio album I Wanna Go There (2002). It was written by Gibson, Eric Dawkins, George “Fiji” Veikoso,  longtime contributors Harvey Mason Jr. and Damon Thomas while production was helmed by Mason and Thomas under their production moniker The Underdogs. Released as the album's lead single, the song peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number three on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Rolling Stone listed it as the 51st best R&B song of the 21st century.

Harvey Mason Jr.
Harvey Jay Mason Jr. (born June 3, 1968) is an American record producer, songwriter and film producer who has been chief executive officer (CEO) of the Recording Academy and MusiCares since 2021. From both his solo work and as part of the production duo the Underdogs, he has been credited on releases for artists including Aretha Franklin, Michael Jackson, Beyoncé, Whitney Houston, Justin Bieber, and Ariana Grande.