hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gustave Frohman
Gustave Frohman (c. 1854 – August 16, 1930) was a theatre producer and advance man. He was one of three Frohman brothers who entered show business and he worked for most of his career alongside his brother, Charles Frohman. These two financed a number of theatre productions, often featuring African American actors. For instance, in 1878, they starred Sam Lucas in the first serious stage production of Uncle Tom's Cabin with a black man in the lead role.

J. H. Haverly
Christopher Haverly (June 30,1837– September 27,1901), better known as J. H. Haverly or John H. "Jack" Haverly, was an American theatre manager and promoter of blackface minstrel shows. During the 1870s and 1880s, he created an entertainment empire centered on his minstrel troupes, particularly Haverly's United Mastodon Minstrels and Haverly's Colored Minstrels. Under his guidance, these troupes grew to impressive sizes and featured elaborate sets and costumes. They toured widely, enlarging minstrelsy's audience to encompass the entire United States as well as England. Haverly's methods sparked a revolution in minstrelsy as other troupes scrambled to compete. As the costs of minstrelsy increased, many troupes went out of business.
Journal of Materials Science
The Journal of Materials Science is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of materials science. It was established in 1966 by Robert W. Cahn and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal incorporated Journal of Materials Science Letters in 2003 and Interface Science in 2004. The Editor-in-Chief was C. Barry Carter (University of Connecticut).

In 2012, the journal announced an annual "Cahn Prize" for best paper published in the journal, in honor of its founding editor.
In 2021, the journal announced a similar annual "Bonfield Prize" for best review paper published in the journal, in honor of a former Editor-in-Chief, William Bonfield. There are two more specialized sister journals, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine and Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
The Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It is an offshoot of the Journal of Materials Science, focusing specifically on materials in medicine and dentistry. The founding editor in chief was William Bonfield; the current editor-in-chief is Luigi Ambrosio (National Research Council (CNR) Naples, Italy).

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine has a 2020 impact factor of 3.896.
Alicia Kearns
Alicia Alexandra Martha Kearns (born 11 November 1987) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Rutland and Stamford, previously Rutland and Melton, since 2019 and Shadow Minister for Home Affairs since November 2024. She identifies ideologically as a one-nation conservative.

In October 2022, Kearns was elected Chair of the Foreign Affairs Select Committee. She is the first woman to ever be elected to the role, and the youngest ever female Chair of a Select Committee.

Foreign Affairs Select Committee
The Foreign Affairs Select Committee is one of many select committees of the British House of Commons, which scrutinises the expenditure, administration and policy of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office.
Biological screw joint
The biological screw joint is a naturally occurring form of the screw joint, a mechanical device that combines rotational movement with single-axis translation. Alexander Riedel of the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe and Thomas van de Kamp of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology discovered it in specimens of Trigonopterus oblongus, a weevil found in Papua.

Trigonopterus oblongus
Trigonopterus oblongus is a weevil found in Papua. It was notable as the first known instance of a biological screw joint. The weevils are just 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long and can fold their legs below their body. The biological screw joint is just 0.5 millimetres (0.020 in) in size. This discovery was made by Alexander Riedel of the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe and by Thomas van de Kamp of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology .
Olympiodorus the Elder
Olympiodorus the Elder (Greek: Ὀλυμπιόδωρος) was a 5th-century AD Neoplatonist philosopher who taught in Alexandria, then part of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire.  He is most famous for being the teacher of the important Neoplatonist Proclus (412–485), whom Olympiodorus wanted his own daughter to marry. He lectured on Aristotle with considerable success. Owing to the rapidity of his utterance and the difficulty of the subjects on which he treated, he was understood by very few. When his lectures were concluded, Proclus used to repeat the topics treated of in them for the benefit of those pupils who were slower in catching the meaning of their master. Olympiodorus had the reputation for being an eloquent man and a profound thinker. Nothing of his has come down to us in a written form.

Proclus
Proclus Lycius (/ˈprɒkləs laɪˈsiːəs/; 8 February 412 – 17 April 485), called Proclus the Successor (Ancient Greek: Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος, Próklos ho Diádokhos), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, one of the last major classical philosophers of late antiquity. He set forth one of the most elaborate and fully developed systems of Neoplatonism and, through later interpreters and translators, exerted an influence on Byzantine philosophy, early Islamic philosophy, scholastic philosophy, and German idealism, especially G. W. F. Hegel, who called Proclus's Platonic Theology "the true turning point or transition from ancient to modern times, from ancient philosophy to Christianity."
Niko I Dadiani
Nikoloz "Niko" Dadiani (Georgian: ნიკოლოზ "ნიკო" დადიანი), or Nikolay Davidovich Dadian-Mingrelsky (Russian: Николай Давидович Дадиан-Мингрельский; 4 January 1847 – 23 January 1903), was the last Prince of Mingrelia from 1853 to 1867. Of the House of Dadiani, one of the leading Georgian noble families, he succeeded on the death of his father, David Dadiani, but he never ruled in his own right; during his minority, the government was run by regency presided by his mother, Princess Ekaterina, and in 1857, Mingrelia was placed under a provisional Russian administration. In 1867, Dadiani formally abdicated the throne and Mingrelia was directly incorporated into the Russian Empire. Dadiani mostly lived in Saint Petersburg, being close to the court. He was an officer in the Imperial Russian Army, distinguished himself in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), and retired with the rank of major-general.

David Dadiani
David Dadiani (Georgian: დავით დადიანი; 23 January 1813 – 30 August 1853), of the House of Dadiani, was Prince of Mingrelia, in western Georgia, from 1846 until his death in 1853. A son of Levan V Dadiani, he became de facto ruler of Mingrelia on his father's retirement in 1840. Like his father, David ruled as an autonomous subject under the protection of the Russian Empire and concurrently held the position of a major-general of the Russian army. David presided over the frequently heavy-handed efforts to modernize Mingrelia's government, economy, and education. The Russian authorities, citing the Mingrelians' discontent with Dadiani's harsh measures, attempted, but failed to bribe him into resigning his office. David died of malaria at the age of 40.
Émilie Fournel
Émilie Fournel (born October 26, 1986) is a Canadian sprint kayaker who has competed since the late 2000s. She won a bronze medal in the K-1 4 x 200 m event at the 2009 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Dartmouth, and in the K-1 5000 m at the 2015 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.

Fournel competed in the K-4 500 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, but was eliminated in the semifinals, and the K-1 200 m and 500 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Her father, Jean Fournel, competed for Canada in sprint canoe at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. Her brother Hugues Fournel also competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's K-2 200 metres with Ryan Cochrane.

In July 2016, she was officially named to Canada's Olympic team.

Hugues Fournel
Hugues Fournel (born 5 August 1988) is a Canadian kayaker. He was born in Lachine, Quebec. Fournel was the 2011 Pan American champion in the men's K-2 200 m together with Ryan Cochrane. He competed in K-2 200 and 1000 m together with Cochrane at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

On August 1, 2016 (after the suspension of the Russian crew) he and Cochrane was named to Canada's 2016 Olympic team in the men's K-2 200 m event.  They finished last in the final.

His father Jean and sister Emilie are also both Olympic kayakers.
Alwin Wolz
Alwin Wolz (22 September 1897 – 15 September 1978) was a general in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 3rd Flak Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

Wolz commanded the 3rd Flak Division between 1 May 1944 and 2 April 1945.

Wolz was appointed combat commander of Hamburg on 15 April 1945. He surrendered the city to the British 7th Armoured Division on 3 May 1945.

3rd Flak Division
The 3rd Flak Division (German: Flak-Division 3) was a Flak division of the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II. Its primary function during the war was the defense of the airspace of the city of Hamburg, where it remained for the duration of the conflict.: 519  It was initially formed in 1938 and designated a division in 1941.
McCulla House
The McCulla House is a historic house located at 422 East 1st Street in Thibodaux, Louisiana.

Built in c.1907, the structure is a two-story frame residence in Queen Anne Revival style with Colonial Revival gallery columns. The building features an octagonal turret with faceted roof, an horseshoe arched balcony and an Ionic gallery which turns 45 degrees at the corners.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1986.

It is one of 14 individually NRHP-listed properties in the "Thibodaux Multiple Resource Area", which also includes:

Bank of Lafourche Building

Breaux House

Building at 108 Green Street

Chanticleer Gift Shop

Citizens Bank of Lafourche

Grand Theatre

Lamartina Building

Peltier House

Percy-Lobdell Building

Riviere Building

Riviere House

Robichaux House

St. Joseph Co-Cathedral and Rectory

Riviere Building
The Riviere Building is a historic commercial building located at 405 West 3rd Street in Thibodaux, Louisiana.

Built in 1900, the structure is a two-story brick Italianate style commercial building with an elaborate pressed metal front. The facade was completely restored sometime between 2013 and 2016.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1986.

It is one of 14 individually NRHP-listed properties in the "Thibodaux Multiple Resource Area", which also includes:

Bank of Lafourche Building

Breaux House

Building at 108 Green Street

Chanticleer Gift Shop

Citizens Bank of Lafourche

Grand Theatre

Lamartina Building

McCulla House

Peltier House

Percy-Lobdell Building

Riviere House

Robichaux House

St. Joseph Co-Cathedral and Rectory
East Blatchington
East Blatchington is a coastal village which has merged into the western part of Seaford, contiguous with Bishopstone, in the civil parish of Seaford, in the Lewes district, in the county of East Sussex, England. It is located near the abandoned village of Tide Mills.

Bishopstone, East Sussex
Bishopstone is a rural village in the parish of Seaford, in Lewes district, in the county of East Sussex, England. Bishopstone Village has a population of about 200 people, including the nearby hamlet of Norton. It is located on a no-through country lane west of the town of Seaford, in the South Downs National Park.
Rastatt (district)
Rastatt is a Landkreis (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Karlsruhe, Calw, Freudenstadt and the Ortenaukreis. To the west it borders the French département Bas-Rhin. Rastatt completely surrounds the district-free city Baden-Baden.

Freudenstadt (district)
Freudenstadt is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rastatt, Calw, Tübingen, Zollernalbkreis, Rottweil and the Ortenaukreis.
Slave Ambient
Slave Ambient is the second studio album by American indie rock band The War on Drugs, released on August 16, 2011, on Secretly Canadian. Recorded over three years, Slave Ambient is the final release to feature contributions from founding guitarist Kurt Vile and drummer Mike Zanghi, and the only album to feature drummer Steven Urgo.

The album was preceded by the EP, Future Weather, in 2010.

Future Weather
Future Weather is an EP by American indie rock band The War on Drugs, released on October 26, 2010 on Secretly Canadian. Released on both twelve-inch vinyl and as a digital download, the EP precedes the band's second studio album, Slave Ambient, which feature tracks from this release in a re-recorded state.

In early 2011, former member Kurt Vile praised the track, "Brothers", stating, "Adam Granduciel's one of my best friends, so it strikes a chord."
Section 51(xxix) of the Constitution of Australia
Section 51(xxix) of the Australian Constitution is a subsection of Section 51 of the Australian Constitution that gives the Commonwealth Parliament of Australia the right to legislate with respect to "external affairs".

In recent years, most attention has focused on the use of the power to pass legislation giving effect within Australia to its obligations under international treaties and conventions. In some cases, as with human rights or environmental protection, the activities regulated by treaty-implementing legislation have not been international in nature but rather located solely within Australia or even solely within a particular State.

In Australia, developments in international law have no direct effect for domestic purposes unless a deliberate law-making act by the proper law-making authority has "transformed" the international rule into a domestic rule.

Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia
Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia enumerates the legislative powers granted to the Parliament of Australia by the Australian States at Federation. Each subsection, or 'head of power', provides a topic under which the parliament is empowered to make laws. There are other sections in the constitution that enable the parliament to enact laws, although the scope of those other sections are generally limited in comparison with section 51.
Stadt Wehlen
Stadt Wehlen (German pronunciation: [ʃtat ˈveːlən] ⓘ) is a town in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western edge of Saxon Switzerland, on the right bank of the Elbe, 6 km east of Pirna, and 23 km southeast of Dresden (centre).

Pirna
Pirna (German: [ˈpɪʁna] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Pěrno, pronounced [ˈpʲɪʁnɔ]) is a town in Saxony, Germany and capital of the administrative district Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge. The town's population is over 37,000. Pirna is located near Dresden and is an important district town as well as a Große Kreisstadt.
Gmina Krzyżanowice
Gmina Krzyżanowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Racibórz County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Czech border. Its seat is the village of Krzyżanowice, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Racibórz and 60 km (37 mi) south-west of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 69.67 square kilometres (26.9 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 11,301.

Krzyżanowice, Silesian Voivodeship
Krzyżanowice [kʂɨʐanɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Racibórz County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krzyżanowice.
Love & Secret
Love & Secret (Korean: 달콤한 비밀; RR: Dalkomhan bimil; lit. 'Sweet Secret') is a 2014 South Korean daily drama starring Shin So-yul and Kim Heung-soo. It aired on KBS2 from November 11, 2014 to April 3, 2015 on Mondays to Fridays at 19:50 for 102 episodes.

Shin So-yul
Shin So-yul (Korean: 김정민; born August 5, 1985), birth name Kim Jung-min, is a South Korean actress. Shin began acting in 2006, and appeared in supporting roles in films and television series such as Hello My Love, Jungle Fish 2, and Penny Pinchers. Her breakthrough would come in 2012 with the popular cable dramedy Reply 1997. In 2013, she received acting nominations from the Baeksang Arts Awards and the Grand Bell Awards for her risque role in romantic comedy film My PS Partner, and became one of the hosts of talk show Talk Club Actors. Shin played the leading role in the 2014 daily drama Love & Secret. In recent years, Shin became recognized for her supporting roles in various television dramas.
Wisconsin Highway 88
State Trunk Highway 88 (often called Highway 88, STH-88 or WIS 88) is a 29.71-mile (47.81 km) state highway in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, that runs from WIS 35 north of Fountain City to WIS 37 south of Mondovi.

Wisconsin Highway 35
State Trunk Highway 35 (STH-35, WIS 35) is a Wisconsin state highway running north–south across western Wisconsin. It is 412.15 miles in length, and is the longest state highway in Wisconsin. Portions of WIS 35 are part of the Great River Road.
Edmund, Earl of Rutland
Edmund, Earl of Rutland (17 May 1443 – 30 December 1460), was the fourth child and second surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville. He was a younger brother of Edward, Earl of March, the future King Edward IV who came to the throne in 1461, the year after Edmund's death. He was born in Rouen, then the capital of English-occupied France and his father held the office of Lieutenant of France. He was killed at the age of 17 either during or shortly after the Battle of Wakefield, during the Wars of the Roses.

He was created Earl of Rutland by King Henry VI probably at some time before 1454, aged about 11, as Edmund and his elder brother Edward signed a letter to their father on 14 June 1454 as "E. Rutland" and "E. Marche". No record of the creation survives.

Cecily Neville, Duchess of York
Cecily Neville (3 May 1415 – 31 May 1495) was an English noblewoman, the wife of Richard, Duke of York (1411–1460), and the mother of two Kings of England—Edward IV and Richard III. She was born at Raby Castle in Durham, and was known for her piety. Although she has been long known as "The Rose of Raby", this sobriquet has no historical basis, since its first mention is found in a late 18th century novel by Agnes Musgrave. She herself signed her name "Cecylle".

Cecily's husband, the Duke of York, was the leading contender for the throne of England from the House of York during the period of the Wars of the Roses until his death in 1460. Their son Edward actually assumed the throne as Edward IV in 1461, after the deposition of King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster. The Duchess of York thus narrowly missed becoming queen consort of England.
WebCrawler
WebCrawler is a search engine, and one of the oldest surviving search engines on the web today. For many years, it operated as a metasearch engine. WebCrawler was the first web search engine to provide full-text search.

Excite (web portal)
Excite is a web portal, providing a list of hyperlinks to other websites.

Excite was founded in 1993 and Excite.com was the sixth most visited website in 1997. It merged with @Home Network in 1999 and filed for bankruptcy in 2001 after the bursting of the dot-com bubble; the website went into a steep decline in popularity thereafter. Excite's portal and services were acquired by iWon and then by Ask Jeeves, which was acquired by IAC Inc. Excite continues to be operated by Ask Media Group, while search services are provided through by System1. Excite Japan (エキサイト) is now operated by Excite Holdings.
Ernest Jones
Alfred Ernest Jones FRCP MRCS (1 January 1879 – 11 February 1958) was a Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst. A lifelong friend and colleague of Sigmund Freud from their first meeting in 1908, he became his official biographer. Jones was the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and became its leading exponent in the English-speaking world. As President of both the International Psychoanalytical Association and the British Psycho-Analytical Society in the 1920s and 1930s, Jones exercised a formative influence in the establishment of their organisations, institutions and publications.

International Psychoanalytical Association
The International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA) is an association including 12,000 psychoanalysts as members and works with 70 constituent organizations. It was founded in 1910 by Sigmund Freud, from an idea proposed by Sándor Ferenczi.
Olympus E-10
The Olympus E-10 is a superzoom bridge camera with a 4.0-megapixel CCD image sensor that was introduced in 2000. Unlike digital SLRs the camera is not a system camera – its lens is fixed to the body. It has a TTL optical viewfinder, and a 4× optical zoom lens with lens aperture f/2–2.4. Instead of a moving (reflex) mirror a beam splitting fixed (non-reflex) prism is used to split the image between the optical viewfinder and CCD. Thus it was possible to have a live view on the LCD and in parallel see the image in the TTL viewfinder.

The E-10 has a strong metallic case that weighs in at approximately 37 oz (1,000 g). It was succeeded by the 5-megapixel Olympus E-20, announced in 2001.

Olympus E-20
The Olympus E-20 (available under the names E-20N and E-20P, depending on whether it had NTSC or PAL video output, respectively) is a 5-megapixel superzoom bridge camera manufactured by Olympus Corporation of Japan, as a successor to its E-10 model. It also has a fixed lens and a beam splitting prism instead of a moving mirror. It has easy dial keys for choices of pictures, videos, and more. It was announced on September 13, 2001.
Mary Ruggie
Mary C. Ruggie (née Zacharuk; born 1945) is an American sociologist and professor at Harvard Kennedy School.

Ruggie completed a B.A. in sociology (1970), M.A. in education (1971) and Ph.D. in sociology (1980) at University of California, Berkeley. Her doctoral advisor was Philip Selznick.

Ruggie worked at Barnard College, University of California, San Diego, Columbia University, and the Harvard Kennedy School. She teaches courses on social theory, gender, comparative welfare states, health care, and health policy.

Ruggie met her husband, John Ruggie, in high school. They have a son.

John Ruggie
John Gerard Ruggie (18 October 1944 – 16 September 2021) was the Berthold Beitz Research Professor in Human Rights and International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University and an affiliated professor in international legal studies at Harvard Law School.

He was an influential scholar in the field of international relations, as well as an influential policy-maker in the United Nations. In the field of international relations, Ruggie made contributions to international regimes, constructivism, epistemes, multilateralism, and embedded liberalism. His 1982 article on Embedded Liberalism is the most widely cited article in international political economy.
Hudur
Hudur (Somali: Xuddur,𐒄𐒚𐒆𐒆𐒚𐒇, Maay: Hudur) is a town in the south western Bakool region of Somalia, inhabited by Mirifle majority people Hadamo, Luwaay, Leysaan and Jiroon of the Rahanweyn tribes. It serves as the province's capital and the center of the Hudur District. The town is the heart of the Maay language and Rahanweyn culture. Hudur is also known for being the hometown of influential politicians and leaders of Somalia like Gudoomiye Sheekh Adan Madoobe, Xildhibaan Mohamed Abukar Abdi and Abullahi Black.

Hudur District
Hudur District (Somali: magaalada xudur) is a district in the southwestern Bakool region of Somalia. Its capital is the town of Hudur.

As of 2000, Hudur town had a population of around 12,500 inhabitants. The broader Hudur District had a total population of 93,049  residents.