hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Presidency armies
The presidency armies were the armies of the three presidencies of the East India Company's rule in India,  later the forces of the British Crown in India, composed primarily of Indian sepoys. The presidency armies were named after the presidencies: the Bengal Army, the Madras Army and the Bombay Army. Initially, only Europeans served as commissioned or non-commissioned officers. In time, Indian Army units were garrisoned from Peshawar in the north, to Sind in the west, and to Rangoon in the east. The army was engaged in the wars to extend British control in India (the Mysore, Maratha and Sikh wars) and beyond (the Burma, Afghan, First and Second Opium Wars, and the Expedition to Abyssinia).

The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the Company until the Indian Rebellion of 1857, when the Crown took over the Company and its three armies. In 1895, the three presidency armies were merged into a united Indian Army.

British expedition to Abyssinia
The British expedition to Abyssinia was a rescue mission and punitive expedition carried out in 1868 by the armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire (also known at the time as Abyssinia). Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia, then often referred to by the anglicized name Theodore, imprisoned several missionaries and two representatives of the British government in an attempt to force the British government to comply with his requests for military assistance. The punitive expedition launched by the British in response required the transportation of a sizeable military force hundreds of kilometres across mountainous terrain lacking any road system. The formidable obstacles to the action were overcome by the commander of the expedition, General Robert Napier, who captured the Ethiopian capital, and rescued all the hostages.

Historian Harold G. Marcus described the action as "one of the most expensive affairs of honour in history."
1921 Auckland Rugby League season
The 1921 season of Auckland Rugby League was its 13th. Seventy two teams played across its six main grades.

The first grade competition featured seven teams, City Rovers, Marist Old Boys, Maritime, Devonport, Fire Brigade (formerly Grafton Athletic), Newton Rangers, and Ponsonby United. City Rovers comfortably won the senior championship for the 4th time with a 8 win, 1 draw, 0 loss record ahead of Maritime who were unable to repeat their title win from the previous season. City had previously won the title in 1910, 1911, and 1916. This was to be the first of 3 consecutive titles for them. They also won the Roope Rooster knockout competition for the 3rd time after previous wins in 1916 and 1918.

City Newton Dragons
The City Newton Dragons are a defunct New Zealand rugby league club that was based at Victoria Park, Auckland. The club was created in 1948 by a merger of two original clubs, the City Rovers and Newton Rangers. Both the Rovers and the Rangers participated in the inaugural Auckland Rugby League competition in 1910. In 2004, the club was absorbed by the Ponsonby Ponies, who play a match in the City Newton colours annually to keep the heritage of the club alive.
The Gothenburg, Fallin
The Gothenburg, or simply The Goth, is a community-run pub in the former mining village of Fallin, near Stirling, Scotland.

Founded in 1910, it is one of the few remaining pubs in Scotland still run under the Gothenburg system, with at least 95% of the profits donated to community causes. During miners' strikes, The Goth hosted soup kitchens and supported miners' strike funds. It remains as a marker of the village's mining history.

The Goth has close ties with the neighbouring bowls club.

Gothenburg Public House System
The Gothenburg or Trust Public House system originated in the 1860s in Gothenburg, Sweden, in an attempt to control the consumption of spirits. Earlier in the century, 34 litres annual per capita consumption of spirits was recorded in Sweden. In 1855 the country proscribed domestic distillation. The city of Gothenburg awarded its sole retail licence for spirits to a trust, with the aim of controlling consumption. The shareholders of the trust were to receive a maximum return of 5% annually and all other profits were to be used to benefit the local community. The town treasury was to control the income generated and use it to provide libraries, museums, parks and other community facilities. The success of the system led to its spread throughout Sweden and further afield.
Japanese submarine I-30
I-30 was a Type B1 submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. After operating in the Indian Ocean she participated in a Yanagi mission, aimed at connecting Japan and Nazi Germany by submarine. She was the first Japanese submarine to reach Europe, arriving at Lorient, France in August 1942. I-30 returned to Singapore loaded with military technology and information, but hit a mine outside the harbour and sank. Only part of her cargo was salvaged.

Yanagi missions
The Yanagi missions (柳作戦, Yanagi sakusen; lit. 'Willow Missions'), or more formally the Submarine Missions to Germany (遣独潜水艦作戦, Kendoku sensuikan sakusen), were a series of submarine voyages undertaken by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Second World War, to exchange technology, skills and materials with Japan's Axis partners, principally Nazi Germany. These voyages had to run the gauntlet of the Western Allies naval superiority in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans; of the five westbound voyages, three arrived safely, with two submarines sunk en route, while of the three successful vessels only one completed her return voyage, with two sunk before reaching home.

The Yanagi missions were matched by several reciprocal voyages by German U-boats, though these were outside the Yanagi scheme, as were several blockade-running cargo voyages to and from the Far East.
Xiumin
Kim Min-seok (Korean: 김민석; born March 26, 1990), known professionally as Xiumin (시우민; pronounced [ɕʰi.u.min]), is a South Korean singer and actor. He is a member of the South Korean-Chinese boy band Exo, its sub-group Exo-M and leader of its sub-unit Exo-CBX. He debuted as a soloist on September 26, 2022, with the extended play (EP) Brand New.

Brand New (EP)
Brand New is the debut extended play by South Korean singer and actor Xiumin. It was released on September 26, 2022, by SM Entertainment and Dreamus. Through the release of this EP, Xiumin became the seventh Exo member to debut as a soloist. The EP features five tracks including the lead single of the same name.
Julian Barnes
Julian Patrick Barnes (born 19 January 1946) is an English writer. He won the Man Booker Prize in 2011 with The Sense of an Ending, having been shortlisted three times previously with Flaubert's Parrot, England, England, and Arthur & George. Barnes has also written crime fiction under the pseudonym Dan Kavanagh (having married Pat Kavanagh). In addition to novels, Barnes has published collections of essays and short stories, as well as two memoirs and a nonfiction book, The Man in the Red Coat, about people of Belle Époque Paris in the arts.

In 2004, he became a Commandeur of L'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. His honours also include the Somerset Maugham Award and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize. He was awarded the 2021 Jerusalem Prize.

The Man in the Red Coat
The Man in the Red Coat is a book by Julian Barnes. It was published on 11 November 2019. The book concerns Samuel Jean de Pozzi, a French surgeon and pioneer in the field of gynaecology whose portrait in a red coat John Singer Sargent painted, and other rich and cultivated people of Belle Époque Paris, among them Robert de Montesquiou, Prince Edmond de Polignac, Jean Lorrain, Marcel Proust, Reynaldo Hahn, Sarah Bernhardt, Joris-Karl Huysmans and Oscar Wilde.
Angel + Monster
Angel + Monster (stylized as angeL + monsteR [MY NAME IS...]) is an  extended play by Japanese artist Koda Kumi, released on December 2, 2020.

It debuted at No. 5 on the Oricon Albums Charts.

It was released in five editions - three made public and two exclusive to her official fan club. Angel and Monster were released separately, as well as combined in the 2CD+DVD version.

Koda Kumi
Kumiko Kōda (神田 來未子, Kōda Kumiko; born November 13, 1982), known professionally as Koda Kumi (倖田 來未, Kōda Kumi), is a Japanese singer from Kyoto, known for her urban and R&B songs.

After debuting with the single "Take Back" in December 2000, Koda gained fame in March 2003 when the songs from her seventh single, "Real Emotion/1000 no Kotoba", were used as themes for the video game Final Fantasy X-2. Her popularity grew with the release of her fourth studio album Secret (2005), her sixteenth single "Butterfly" (2005), and her first greatest hits album Best: First Things (2005), reaching the number-three, number-two, and number-one spots respectively.

Though her early releases presented a conservative, quiet image, she has become a fashion leader among young women, setting trends such as the ero-kakkoii style. In 2006 and 2007, Oricon named Koda as the top selling artist of the year.
Tango & Cash
Tango & Cash is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy film starring Sylvester Stallone, Kurt Russell, Jack Palance and Teri Hatcher. The film follows Raymond Tango and Gabriel Cash, the titular pair of rival police detectives who are forced to work together after a criminal mastermind frames them for murder.

The film was chiefly directed by Andrei Konchalovsky, with Albert Magnoli and Peter MacDonald taking over in the later stages of filming, with Stuart Baird overseeing post-production. The multiple directors were due to a long and troubled production process, which included numerous script rewrites and clashes between Konchalovsky and producer Jon Peters over creative differences.

Tango & Cash was released by Warner Bros. in the United States on December 22, 1989, the same day as Always. The film received mixed reviews from critics but was a box office success, earning over $120 million on a $54 million budget.

Peter MacDonald (director)
Peter MacDonald (born 20 June 1939) is an English film director, cinematographer, and producer from London, England. A prolific second unit director, MacDonald has worked on various Hollywood blockbusters including Guardians of the Galaxy, The Bourne Ultimatum, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, and The Empire Strikes Back.
Lasizwe
Thulasizwe Siphiwe Dambuza (born 19 July 1998), mononymously as known as Lasizwe, is a South African YouTuber, media personality, television presenter and social media influencer. He rose to fame by humorously interpreting everyday human behaviour.

Notably, he broke new ground as the first African to helm a reality TV show on MTV Africa Lasizwe: Fake It Till You Make It, garnering three successful seasons in less than two years. This earned him a spot on Forbes magazine the Forbes Africa 30 under 30. He is the creator and host of the YouTube series Awkward Dates, in which he goes on blind dates with various celebrities and also the creator and host of the YouTube game show, Drink or Tell the Truth. He created a YouTube comedy series, Nomatriquency: The Funeral in 2025.

Drink or Tell the Truth
Drink or Tell the Truth is a South African YouTube drinking game show created and hosted by Lasizwe. The celebrity and influencer driven game show puts trend setters in the hot seat, challenging them to answer bold, unfiltered questions or face the alternative, which is downing a shot of an unpleasant concoction.

The first YouTube video was posted in July 2021. After each episode of the first season of the YouTube series, the show trended on Twitter due to the confessions and gossips that were often said on the show.
British League
The British League was the main motorcycle speedway league in Britain from its formation in 1965 until 1995 when British speedway was restructured. It initially had a single division, with a second division starting in 1968 (which was renamed the New National League in 1975 and subsequently the National League).

The British League was formed in 1965 following the merger of the National League and the Provincial League. Matches were held over a series of races, with two riders from each team taking part in each race. In 1995 it was replaced by the Premier League for two years before the sport was restructured into three tiers with the formation of the Elite League in 1997. The Championship was decided on a league table basis.

Elite League (speedway)
The Elite League was the top division of speedway league competition in the United Kingdom, governed by the Speedway Control Bureau (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA). It was founded in 1997 and was sponsored by Sky Sports until the end of the 2013 season. In 2016, the Elite League featured 8 teams, unlike 10 in 2014, during a season which ran between March and October. Each team had a designated race day on which they normally staged their home fixtures, and they regularly had home and away fixtures scheduled in the same week.

The Elite League operated for 20 years until British speedway was restructured with the formation of the SGB Premiership and SGB Championship.
All Japan Day Workers' Union
The All-Japan Day Workers' Union (Japanese: 建設一般全日自劳, Zennichijiro) was a trade union representing construction workers on daily contracts in Japan.

The union was founded in 1947 and was a founding affiliate of the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan.  It initially represented all construction workers, but the craft workers' section of the union split away in 1952.  By 1967, the union had 158,728 members.  It was a founding affiliate of Zenroren in 1989.

In 1991, the union absorbed the National Federation of Rural Labor Unions, becoming known as the Construction and Rural and General Workers' Union.  In 1999, it merged with the All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union and the All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union, to form the All Japan Construction, Transport and General Workers' Union.

All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union
The All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union (Japanese: 全日本運輸一般労働組合, Unyuippan) was a trade union representing workers in the transport sector in Japan.

The union was established in 1946 as the National Trade Union of Automobile Transport Workers (Zenjiun), with a focus on truck drivers, and was affiliated with the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo).  By 1958, it had 12,655 members.  It became Unyuippan in 1977, and by 1985 its membership had grown to 16,267.

In 1989, Sohyo merged with the new Japanese Trade Union Confederation, but Unyuippan instead opted to join the new National Confederation of Trade Unions.  In 1999, it merged with the Construction and Rural and General Workers' Union and the All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union, to form the All Japan Construction, Transport and General Workers' Union.
Battle of Stegeborg
The Battle of Stegeborg took place in a meadow near Stegeborg Castle, Sweden on September 18 (N.S.), or September 8 (O.S.), 1598. It is part of the so-called War against Sigismund, in turn part of the Polish–Swedish Wars.

Sigismund, King of Poland and Sweden, tried to put down a rebellion by Duke Charles. The armies of King Sigismund III Vasa and Charles met near the Stegeborg. The king's mercenaries easily stopped the untrained troops of the Duke. The Polish cavalry attack broke Charles' army causing panic, during which they suffered heavy losses. Contrary to the opinion of Zamoyski, the king decided to stop the attack (his goal was to acquire the Swedish crown, not extermination), allowing the withdrawal of Swedish troops. In the long run, this proved to be a mistake, as the Swedish rebels regained the initiative and defeated Sigismund at the battle of Stångebro. This effectively led to the end of the Polish–Swedish union.

War against Sigismund
The war against Sigismund (Swedish: Kriget mot Sigismund) was a war between Duke Charles, later known as King Charles IX of Sweden, and Sigismund, who was at the time the king of both Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (that is, the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania). Lasting from 1597 to 1599, it is also called the War of Deposition against Sigismund, since the focus of the conflict was the attempt to depose the latter from the throne of Sweden. The war eventually resulted in the deposition of Sigismund (with Duke Charles taking over the government and later also acceding to the throne), the dissolution of the Polish–Swedish union, and the beginning of an eleven-year war.
Ōrora Satoshi
Ōrora Satoshi (born April 26, 1983 as Anatoliy Valeryevich Mikhakhanov, Russian: Анатолий Валерьевич Михаханов) is a Russian former sumo wrestler. His highest rank was makushita 43. In 2017, he became the heaviest professional sumo wrestler ever by reaching the weight of  288 kilograms (635 lb), surpassing the record previously held by Konishiki. He reached a peak weight of 292.6 kilograms (645 lb). He decided to retire from sumo in September 2018.

Konishiki Yasokichi
Saleva'a Fuauli Atisano'e (born December 31, 1963), better known by his shikona, Konishiki Yasokichi (小錦八十吉, Konishiki Yasokichi), is an American-born Japanese former professional sumo wrestler. He was the first non-Japanese-born wrestler to reach ōzeki, the second-highest possible rank in the sport. During his career, he won the top division championship on three occasions and came very close to becoming the first foreign-born grand champion, or yokozuna, prompting a social debate in Japan as to whether a foreigner could have the necessary cultural understanding to be deemed acceptable in sumo's ultimate rank. At a peak weight of 287 kg (633 lb) he was also at the time the heaviest wrestler ever in sumo, earning him the nicknames "Meat Bomb" and, most famously, "The Dump Truck".
Esmond Ray Long
Esmond "Es" Ray Long (June 16, 1890 – November 11, 1979) was an American pathologist, epidemiologist, and medical historian. He was named emeritus professor of pathology at the University of Pennsylvania and was the director of the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis from 1935 until 1955. Long served in the United States Army Medical Corps during World War II as director of the tuberculosis program.

Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis
The Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis at the University of Pennsylvania was established in 1903 with a grant from Henry Phipps, a former business partner of Andrew Carnegie. Dr. Esmond R. Long was the director of the institute from 1935 until his retirement in 1955.
Griffith Evans (bacteriologist)
Griffith Evans (7 August 1835 – 7 December 1935) was a Welsh physician and veterinary pathologist who was the first to determine that a trypanosome parasite was responsible for surra disease in horses while serving in British India. Described as "the man who first saw a pathogenic trypanosome", he identified the causal organism as a haematozoon (blood parasite) in 1880 which was given the species name Trypanosoma evansi after him.

Surra
Surra (from the Marathi sūra, meaning the sound of heavy breathing through nostrils, of imitative origin) is a disease of vertebrate animals. The disease is caused by protozoan trypanosomes, specifically Trypanosoma evansi, of several species which infect the blood of the vertebrate host, causing fever, weakness, and lethargy which lead to weight loss and anemia. In some animals the disease is fatal unless treated.
M31 (Johannesburg)
The M31 is a metropolitan route in the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. The road connects the southern suburbs of Alberton with Johannesburg's northern suburbs. The route's eastern bypass in the Johannesburg CBD connects the M2 motorway at the Heidelberg Interchange with M1 North motorway in Houghton and then the route follows the M1 motorway northwards until the M31 ends in Bramley.

Alberton, South Africa
Alberton is a town situated on the southern part of the East Rand of the Gauteng Province in South Africa, just south-east of the major urban centre of Johannesburg.

Alberton is described as a typical suburban community, one which is primarily residential in character, with most of its workers commuting to work in nearby suburbs or cities such as Johannesburg and Germiston.
Vera Manuel
Vera Manuel (March 20, 1948 – January 22, 2010, Secwepemc-Ktunaxa), was a playwright, poet, writer, healer and educator in British Columbia, Canada. Her native name was Kulilu Paⱡki (Butterfly Woman). Her plays were produced both in Canada and the United States.

Secwépemc
The Secwépemc (/ʃəxhwɛpˈmɪx/ shəkh-whep-MIKH; Secwepemctsín: [ʃəˈxʷɛpməx] or [səˈxʷɛpməx]), also known by the exonym Shuswap (/ˈʃuːʃwɑːp/ SHOOSH-wahp), are a First Nations people residing in the interior of British Columbia in Canada. They speak Secwepemctsín or Shuswap, an Interior Salish language.

Secwepemcúĺecw, the traditional territory or country of the Shuswap people, ranges from the eastern Chilcotin Plateau, bordering Tŝilhqot'in Country, and the Cariboo Plateau southeast through Thompson Country to Kamloops. It spans the Selkirk Mountains and Big Bend of the Columbia River to include the northern part of the Columbia Valley region. Their historical territory covers approximately 145,000 square kilometres. Traditionally, they depended on hunting, trading and fishing to support their communities.
C/1785 A1 (Messier–Méchain)
Comet Messier–Méchain, also known as C/1785 A1 from its modern nomenclature, is a faint parabolic comet that was observed several times by French astronomers, Charles Messier and Pierre Méchain, in January 1785.

Pierre Méchain
Pierre François André Méchain (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ fʁɑ̃swa ɑ̃dʁe meʃɛ̃]; 16 August 1744 – 20 September 1804) was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep-sky objects and comets.
Gozo boat
The Gozo boat (Maltese: Dgħajsa ta' Għawdex, tal-latini, tat-tagħbija, tal-pass or tal-mogħdija) was a type of settee-rigged boat originating from Malta. Gozo boats were the main means of transport across the Gozo Channel between Gozo and the main island of Malta from the late 19th to the mid-20th century. The design of the boats developed from the speronara.

Gozo Channel Line
The Gozo Channel Company Limited, commonly known as Gozo Channel Line or the Gozo ferry (Maltese: Vapur t'Għawdex), is a Maltese company founded in 1979 that operates ferry services between the islands of Malta and Gozo using roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ferries. Crossings happen throughout the day all-year round including weekends, public holidays, and night services.

The company's ferry services are the main connection between the two main Maltese islands and are used by millions of Gozitans, Maltese and tourists every year. It currently operates three identical ferries, all of which were built between March 2000 and March 2002. In addition to the normal services of foot passengers and car passengers, Gozo Channel also offers services for cargo vehicles and hazardous cargo.

Current fleet

MV Ta' Pinu

MV Gaudos

MV Malita

MV Nikolaos (not in Gozo Channel livery)
Konomi Inagaki
Konomi Inagaki (稲垣 好, Inagaki Konomi; born 24 July) is a Japanese voice actress from Niigata Prefecture who is affiliated with I'm Enterprise. After graduating from the Japan Narration Actor Institute, she made her voice acting debut in 2019. She played her first main role in 2022 as Serufu, the protagonist of the anime series Do It Yourself!!. She has also played the role of Ange in Black Summoner, Ellie in Synduality, Copano Rickey in Umamusume: Pretty Derby, and Mina in My Wife Has No Emotion.

Do It Yourself!!
Do It Yourself!! (Japanese: どぅー・いっと・ゆあせるふ!!, Hepburn: Dū Itto Yuaserufu!!) is an original Japanese anime television series produced by Pine Jam and directed by Kazuhiro Yoneda. The series aired from October to December 2022 on TV Tokyo and other channels. A manga adaptation by Koyubita Beru was serialized in Square Enix's online manga magazine Manga Up! from October 2022 to July 2023. A live-action television drama adaptation aired from July to August 2023.