hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ópera (Madrid Metro)
Ópera [ˈo.pe.ɾa] is a station on Line 2, Line 5 and Ramal of the Metro de Madrid. It is located in fare Zone A, in the Plaza de Isabel II, in the central district of Madrid. The station provides access to an area with tourist landmarks such as the Teatro Real opera house, the Plaza de Oriente and the Royal Palace. Its name comes from nearby Madrid opera house, the Teatro Real.

Ramal (Madrid Metro)
The Ramal Ópera–Príncipe Pío, also known simply as the Ramal (Spanish pronunciation: [raˈmal]) or line R, is the shortest line of the Madrid Metro. It is a 1.1-kilometre-long (0.68 mi) shuttle service, connecting the stations of Ópera and Príncipe Pío with no intermediate stops. It is located entirely in the Centro district of Madrid, Spain.

It is the only line in the system to be known by a letter instead of a number, and its name refers to its origins as a branch of line 2.

The Ramal starts at Ópera station in the Plaza de Isabel II, passes under the Plaza de Oriente and the gardens of the Royal Palace of Madrid, and ends at Príncipe Pío station. Since the Ramal consists of only two stations, it has only two trains, which pass at the halfway point between the stations. At Ópera, there is only one platform; at Príncipe Pío, there are two platforms, but one is used for train storage. The Ramal uses 4-car CAF Series 3000 trains.
Mass graves in Slovenia
Mass graves in Slovenia were created in Slovenia as the result of extrajudicial killings during and after the Second World War. These clandestine mass graves are also known as "concealed mass graves" (Slovene: prikrita grobišča) or "silenced mass graves" (zamolčana grobišča) because their existence was concealed under the communist regime from 1945 to 1990.: 6

Some of the sites, such as the mass graves in Maribor, include some of the largest mass graves in Europe. Over 750 such sites have been registered by the Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia, containing the remains of up to 100,000 victims. They have been compared by the Slovenian historian Jože Dežman to the Killing Fields in Cambodia.

Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia
The Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia (Slovene: Komisija za reševanje vprašanj prikritih grobišč) is an office of the Slovenian government whose task is to find and document mass grave sites from the Second World War and the period immediately after it. It was established on November 10, 2005. The commission handed its report to the Slovenian government in October 2009.

The newspaper Jutranji reported the commission's findings; in all, it is estimated that there are 100,000 victims in 581 mass graves. The commission's findings were used for the Reports and Proceedings of the 8th of April European public hearing on Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes organised by the Slovenian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (January–June 2008) and the European Commission.

According to the “Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes,"  the killings were carried out by the Yugoslav Partisan Army in 1945 and 1946.
Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs
The Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs is an international organization that brings together scholars and public figures to work toward reducing the danger of armed conflict and to seek solutions to global security threats. It was founded in 1957 by Joseph Rotblat and Bertrand Russell in Pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada, following the release of the Russell–Einstein Manifesto in 1955.

Rotblat and the Pugwash Conference jointly won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 for their efforts on nuclear disarmament. International Student/Young Pugwash groups have existed since founder Cyrus Eaton's death in 1979.

Bernard T. Feld
Bernard Taub Feld (December 21, 1919 – February 19, 1993) was a professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  He helped develop the atomic bomb, and later led an international movement among scientists to banish nuclear weapons.
2023 UEFA Super Cup
The 2023 UEFA Super Cup was the 48th edition of the UEFA Super Cup, an annual football match organised by UEFA and contested by the reigning champions of the top two European club competitions, the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. The match featured English club Manchester City, winners of the 2022–23 UEFA Champions League, and Spanish club Sevilla, winners of the 2022–23 UEFA Europa League. It was played at the Karaiskakis Stadium in Piraeus, Greece, on 16 August 2023.

The match was originally scheduled to be played at the Ak Bars Arena in Kazan, Russia. However, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, it was moved on 25 January 2023 to Athens.

Manchester City won the match 5–4 on penalties  following a 1–1 draw after 90 minutes for their first UEFA Super Cup title.

Karaiskakis Stadium
The Georgios Karaiskakis Stadium (Greek: Στάδιο Γεώργιος Καραϊσκάκης), commonly referred to as the Karaiskakis Stadium (Greek: Στάδιο Καραϊσκάκη, [ˈstaðio karaiˈskaki]), is a football stadium in Piraeus, Attica, Greece, and the home ground of the Piraeus football club Olympiacos. It is named after Georgios Karaiskakis, a military commander and national hero of the Greek War of Independence, who was mortally wounded in the area.

With a capacity of 33,334 it is the largest football-specific stadium and the second largest football stadium in Greece overall.

The stadium hosted the 2023 UEFA Super Cup, since the original venue in Kazan had to be moved due to Russia's suspension from UEFA.
Richmond Flying Squirrels
The Richmond Flying Squirrels are a Minor League Baseball team based in Richmond, Virginia. The team, which is a part of the Eastern League, is the Double-A affiliate of the San Francisco Giants major league club, and plays at The Diamond. The Flying Squirrels have been affiliated with the Giants since 2010, making it the longest-running active affiliation in the Giants organization among teams not owned by the Giants. The Squirrels were previously known as the Connecticut Defenders.

The Flying Squirrels mark affiliated baseball's return to Richmond after a one-year absence prompted by the relocation of the former Triple-A International League's Richmond Braves to Lawrenceville, Georgia, in 2009, where they are now called the Gwinnett Stripers. The Squirrels hold the current record for the longest distance from their major league affiliate, at 2,872.5 miles from Oracle Park.

The Diamond (Richmond, Virginia)
The Diamond is a baseball stadium located in Richmond, Virginia, USA, on Arthur Ashe Boulevard. It is the home of Richmond Flying Squirrels of the Eastern League and the Virginia Commonwealth University baseball team. From 1985 to 2008, it was the home of the Richmond Braves, the Triple-A minor league baseball affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. The Diamond seats 12,134 people for baseball; however, for Flying Squirrels games, advertising banners cover up the top rows of the upper deck, reducing seating capacity to 9,560.
Greta Gynt
Greta Gynt (born Margrethe Woxholt; 15 November 1916 – 2 April 2000) was a Norwegian dancer and actress. She is remembered for her starring roles in the British classic films The Dark Eyes of London, Mr. Emmanuel, Take My Life, Dear Murderer and The Ringer.

She played lead roles in minor British films in the 1930s and early 40s, and by the late 40s she appeared in major films. The Rank Organisation tried to market her as the British Jean Harlow. She also attempted a career in the US, starring in MGM's Soldiers Three (1951) before returning to Britain.

Her most famous films are the 1939 Bela Lugosi film The Dark Eyes of London as the tough heroine, heroic as an underground leader in Tomorrow We Live (1943), touching as Jewish Elsie Silver in Mr. Emmanuel (1944), forceful as loyal wife proving her husband's innocence in the thriller Take My Life, a promiscuous murderess in Dear Murderer, both in 1947, and as a nightclub singer singing "The Shady Lady Spiv" in Easy Money (1948).

Mr. Emmanuel
Mr Emmanuel is a 1944 British drama film directed by Harold French and starring Felix Aylmer, Greta Gynt and Walter Rilla.

The film was made by Two Cities at Teddington Studios. It is based on a 1938 novel of the same title by Louis Golding, who adapted the novel for the screen.
The Jimmy Show
The Jimmy Show is a 2001 drama film written and directed by Frank Whaley, based on the Off-Broadway play Veins and Thumbtacks by Jonathan Marc Sherman. The film stars Whaley, Carla Gugino, and Ethan Hawke. The film premiered at the 2001 Toronto International Film Festival and also screened at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival.

Frank Whaley
Frank Joseph Whaley (born July 20, 1963) is an American actor, film director and screenwriter. His roles include Brett in Pulp Fiction, Robby Krieger in The Doors, Jim Dodge in Career Opportunities, young Archie "Moonlight" Graham in Field of Dreams, and Guy in Swimming with Sharks. He has also appeared in films and TV series such as Born on the Fourth of July, The Freshman, A Midnight Clear, Swing Kids, Broken Arrow, Luke Cage, Red Dragon and World Trade Center.
Eric Allandale
Eric Allandale (born Eric Allandale Dubuisson 4 March 1936 – 23 August 2001) was a trombonist, songwriter, and bandleader. During the 1960s, he was in number of bands in various genres which included jazz pop and soul.

Mike Elliott (saxophonist)
Mike Elliott (born 6 August 1929) is a Jamaican-born British saxophonist. He played on ska recordings in the early 1960s and on pop and soul music hits in the late 1960s. He is best known as a co-founding member of the British band The Foundations, and played on their hit singles "Baby, Now That I've Found You" and "Build Me Up Buttercup".
Thompson Square
Thompson Square is an American country music duo composed of husband and wife Keifer and Shawna Thompson, who alternate as vocalists. They signed to Stoney Creek Records, a sister label of Broken Bow Records, in 2010. The duo has released three albums, which have produced a combined ten chart singles on the Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts. Of these singles, two — "Are You Gonna Kiss Me or Not" and "If I Didn't Have You" — reached No. 1.

Are You Gonna Kiss Me or Not
"Are You Gonna Kiss Me or Not" is a song written by Jim Collins and David Lee Murphy, and recorded by American country music duo Thompson Square.  It was released in July 2010 as the second single from their self-titled debut album, which was released on February 8, 2011. The song has been certified 2× Platinum by the RIAA.  On November 30, the band received two nominations in 54th Grammy Awards for the song in Best Country Duo/Group Performance and Best Country Song but lost to "Barton Hollow" by The Civil Wars and "Mean" by Taylor Swift, respectively.
Banki, Odisha
Banki is a town and a Subdivision, Legislative Council constituency no. 88 and Notified Area Council in Cuttack district in the state of Odisha, India. Banki is known for the Charchika Temple, dedicated to the deity of Chamunda, the eight armed goddess and incarnation of Durga. In the 2024 Odisha Assembly elections current MLA of Banki is Devi Ranjan Tripathy.

Cuttack district
Cuttack district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in India. It is located in the coastal part of the state and its administrative headquarters are located in the city of Cuttack. As of 2011 Census, after Ganjam, it is the second most populous district of Odisha, with a population of 2,624,470. The name is an anglicized form of Kataka or Katak meaning Fort – referring to the Barabati Fort. The district is bisected by the river Mahanadi and its numerous distributaries and occupies a large portion of the river's delta. It is bounded by the Angul, Dhenkanal, Nayagarh and Khurda districts to the west while its southern and eastern boundaries touch Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur districts.
Anna Maria Tatò
Anna Maria Tatò (19 April 1940 – 3 June 2022) was an Italian film director. She directed six films between 1978 and 1997. Her film Marcello Mastroianni: mi ricordo, sì, io mi ricordo was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.

Marcello Mastroianni: I Remember
Marcello Mastroianni: I Remember (Italian: Marcello Mastroianni: mi ricordo, sì, io mi ricordo) is a 1997 Italian documentary film about the actor Marcello Mastroianni and directed by Anna Maria Tatò. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.
Microsoft V-Chat
Microsoft V-Chat is a freeware 3D chat program released in December 1995 by Microsoft. V-Chat is a multi-user social chat client that lets people interact online from within a 2D or 3D multimedia environment using graphical representations of themselves known as avatars. V-Chat avatars have a full range of gestures that allow users to fully express themselves online. V-Chat enables users to select from a wide variety of existing avatars, or create custom avatars using the V-Chat Avatar Wizard. Sounds, animations, and visual imagery create mood and context for these graphical social environments.

It has now been discontinued; it can still be downloaded from other sites, such as download.com.  V-Chat was an experimental precursor to a more ambitious project called V-Worlds, which was completed but never widely deployed.

Microsoft Comic Chat
Microsoft Comic Chat (later Microsoft Chat) is a graphical IRC client created by Microsoft, first released with Internet Explorer 3.0 in 1996. Comic Chat was developed by Microsoft Researcher David Kurlander, with Microsoft Research's Virtual Worlds Group and later a group he managed in Microsoft's Internet Division.
Jason Blakely
Jason Blakely (born 1980) is an American political philosopher. He is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Pepperdine University and was educated at University of California, Berkeley and Vassar College. At Berkeley, he studied with Mark Bevir and John Searle. He is also noted for his popular writings and work on public philosophy. He is Catholic.

Mark Bevir
Mark Bevir (born 18 February 1963) is a British philosopher of history. He is a professor of political science and the Director of the Center for British Studies at the University of California, Berkeley, where he currently teaches courses on political theory and philosophy, public policy and organisation, and methodology. He is also a Professor in the  Graduate School of Governance, United Nations University (MERIT) and a Distinguished Research Professor in the College of Arts and Humanities, Swansea University.
Embryonic Journey (album)
Embryonic Journey is an album by Jorma Kaukonen, the lead guitarist for Jefferson Airplane / Hot Tuna, and former Grateful Dead keyboardist Tom Constanten. The album consists of studio sessions for the recording of Kaukonen's instrumental Embryonic Journey for the Constanten album Morning Dew. The song had originally appeared on Jefferson Airplane's Surrealistic Pillow album in 1967.  A version of the song employing MIDI technology was added as a bonus track.

Jorma Kaukonen
Jorma Ludwik Kaukonen Jr. (/ˈjɔːrmə ˈkaʊkənɛn/; YOR-mə KOW-kə-nen; born December 23, 1940) is an American blues, folk, and rock guitarist. Kaukonen performed with Jefferson Airplane, and still performs regularly on tour with Hot Tuna, which started as a side project with bassist Jack Casady, and as of early 2024 has continued for 55 years. Rolling Stone magazine ranked him No. 54 on its list of "100 Greatest Guitarists". He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 as a member of Jefferson Airplane.
Philip S. Balboni
Philip Scribner Balboni (born February 15, 1943) is an American journalist and media entrepreneur who has worked in broadcast and cable television, newspapers, wire services and digital media. He is the founder and former president of New England Cable News  and GlobalPost, as well as former vice president and news director of WCVB-TV.

Balboni served as a member of the Board of Visitors of the Columbia Journalism School  and is currently a member of the Advisory Board of the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School.

GlobalPost
GlobalPost Media Corporation is an American digital journalism company and former news website that focuses on international news. Founded on January 12, 2009 by Philip S. Balboni and Charles Sennott, its stated mission is "to redefine international news for the digital age." GlobalPost now has 64 correspondents worldwide following the kidnapping and beheading of James Foley, an event which has raised questions about GlobalPost's role in sending unsupported personnel into conflict zones.

In 2015, GlobalPost was acquired by WGBH. The company was reacquired by Balboni in the fall of 2022 and reorganized into GlobalPost Media Corporation.
Archangel (2005 film)
Archangel is a television adaptation of the 1998 novel of the same name by Robert Harris. It is so named because much of the story is based in the city of Archangel (locally known as Arkhangelsk), a city in northwestern Russia, located on the Northern Dvina River near its mouth on the White Sea. Made by the BBC in 2005, it was filmed in the city of Riga, Latvia. The timing of the adaptation aligned Harris's fictional narrative with renewed global interest in post-Soviet power dynamics.

Robert Harris (novelist)
Robert Dennis Harris CBE (born 7 March 1957) is a British novelist and former journalist. Although he began his career in journalism and non-fiction, he is best known for his works of historical fiction. Beginning with the best-seller Fatherland, Harris focused on events surrounding the Second World War, followed by works set in ancient Rome. His later works are varied in settings but are mostly set after 1870.

Several of Harris's novels have been adapted into films, including The Ghost Writer (2010) and An Officer and a Spy (2019), for which he co-wrote the screenplays with director Roman Polanski, and Conclave (2024).
The Profane Exhibit
The Profane Exhibit is a 2013 internationally co-produced anthology horror film written and directed by ten renowned genre filmmakers from across the globe: Nacho Vigalondo, Anthony DiBlasi, Ryan Nicholson, Michael Todd Schneider, Sergio Stivaletti, Marian Dora, Yoshihiro Nishimura, Uwe Boll, Ruggero Deodato and Jeremy Kasten.

Yoshihiro Nishimura
Yoshihiro Nishimura (西村喜廣, Nishimura Yoshihiro) is a Japanese film director, special effects and makeup effects artist, and a screenwriter who has worked predominantly in the horror genre. Nishimura has been described as "a legendary director and effects artist" and "the Tom Savini of Japan" with "talent to burn".
Varmaa
Varmaa is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Bala and produced by Mukesh Mehta of E4 Entertainment. A remake of the 2017 Telugu film Arjun Reddy, directed by Sandeep Reddy Vanga, the film stars Dhruv Vikram and Megha Chowdhury, the latter in her Tamil debut. The film features music composed by Radhan, with M. Sukumar handling the cinematography and Sathish Suriya, taking in-charge of the editing.

Filmed between March and September 2018, its release was initially cancelled after E4 Entertainment was unsatisfied with the output and re-shot the remake in 2019 as Adithya Varma with a largely different cast and crew. Despite E4's initial refusal to release Varmaa, the film was released on 6 October 2020 on over-the-top (OTT) platforms to negative reviews from critics.

Bala (director)
Bala  is an Indian film director, screenwriter, and film producer, working in Tamil cinema. Bala has been praised for "revolutionizing Tamil cinema" through his realistic, dark and disturbing depiction of the working class on celluloid screen. His films are known to be tragic and disturbing.
Katakali, Grevena
Katakali (Greek: Κατάκαλη) is a village and a community of the Deskati municipality. Before the 2011 local government reforms it was part of the municipality of Chasia, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 162 inhabitants in the village. The community of Katakali covers an area of 15.974 km2.

Deskati
Deskati (Greek: Δεσκάτη) is a mountainous municipality in the Grevena regional unit. The current municipality of Deskati was formed in 2011 by the merge of the former municipality of Deskati and the municipality of Chasia. The main economic activities in Deskati are farming and animal husbandry.
Çaykara
Çaykara (Romeika: Κατωχώρι, Kadahor) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 574 km2, and its population is 13,070 (2022). As of 2023, the Mayor of Çaykara is Hanefi Tok (AKP). Çaykara village lies in a V-shaped valley along the Solaklı River in the Pontic Mountains, at an elevation of around 300 metres. Çaykara district lies to the south of Dernekpazarı (Kondu) and forms the upper part of the Of-valley system ('Solaklı Vadisi' in Turkish), with peaks reaching to over 3300 meters. The western half of İkizdere district - which lies just east of Çaykara and is now part of Rize province - was historically also part of the same administrative and cultural region. Large swathes of the district are made up of  old-growth temperate broadleaf and mixed forest, gradually making way for alpine tundra at higher altitudes.

Dernekpazarı
Dernekpazarı (formerly: Kondu, Kondualtı) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 89 km2, and its population is 3,761 (2022). The current mayor of the town is Mehmet Aşık (AKP). Dernekpazarı is part of the Solaklı river valley system; it lies between the coastal Of district and the alpine Çaykara district.
Narayan Rane ministry
Narayan Rane was sworn in as Chief Minister of Maharashtra state of India on 1 February 1999 as the leader of Shiv Sena- Bharatiya Janata Party alliance. He was elected as leader of the alliance following resignation of Manohar Joshi. There were 24 cabinet ministers (excluding himself) – 12 each from Shiv Sena and Bharatiya Janata Party.

Narayan Rane
Narayan Tatu Rane (born 10 April 1952) is an Indian politician and Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Ratnagiri-Sindhudurg. He was a Chief Minister of Maharashtra. He formerly served as Minister of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the Second Modi ministry. He has previously held Cabinet Ministry positions for Industry, Port, Employment and Self-employment; Revenue; and Industry in the Government of Maharashtra.

He was a member of Shiv Sena and opposition leader of Vidhan Sabha until July 2005, when he joined Indian National Congress party. He quit Congress in September 2017 and launched the Maharashtra Swabhiman Paksha. In 2018, he declared support for Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) and was elected to the Rajya Sabha on a BJP nomination. On 15 October 2019, he merged his party, Maharashtra Swabhiman Paksha, into the BJP.
Remoteness in English law
In English law, remoteness between a cause of action and the loss or damage sustained as a result is addressed through a set of rules in both tort and contract, which limit the amount of compensatory damages available for a wrong.

In negligence, the test of causation not only requires that the defendant was the cause in fact, but also requires that the loss or damage sustained by the claimant was not too remote. As with the policy issues in establishing that there was a duty of care and that that duty was breached, remoteness is designed as a further limit on a cause of action to ensure that the liability to pay damages placed on the defendant is done fairly.

Damages
At common law, damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognized at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognized for the award of damages.

Compensatory damages are further categorized into special damages, which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages, which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Rather than being compensatory, at common law damages may instead be nominal, contemptuous or exemplary.