hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1916 Danish West Indian Islands sale referendum
A referendum on the sale of the Danish West Indian Islands to the United States of America was held in Denmark on 14 December 1916. The non-binding referendum saw 283,670 vote in favor of the sale of the Danish West Indian Islands and 158,157 against. The residents of the islands were not allowed to vote on the matter, but in an unofficial vote on Saint Croix arranged by David Hamilton Jackson, 4,027 voted in favor of the sale and only seven voted against. As a result of the referendum the islands were formally relinquished to the United States by the Treaty of the Danish West Indies on 31 March 1917 as the United States Virgin Islands for a sum of US$25,000,000 in gold.

Saint Croix
Saint Croix (/krɔɪ/ KROY; Spanish: Santa Cruz; Dutch: Sint-Kruis; French: Sainte-Croix; Danish and Norwegian: Sankt Croix; Taino: Ay Ay) is an island in the Caribbean, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States.

St. Croix is the largest of the territory's islands. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 41,004. The island's highest point is Mount Eagle, at 355 meters (1,165 ft). St. Croix's nickname is "Twin City", for its two towns, Frederiksted on the western end and Christiansted on the northeast part of the island.
Chief ministership of Devendra Fadnavis
The first chief ministership of Devendra Fadnavis commenced on 31 October 2014 and concluded on 12 November 2019, making him the 18th chief minister of Maharashtra. Fadnavis was sworn in by the then governor, C. Vidyasagar Rao. His second term started on 23 November 2019 to end on 28 November 2019, sworn in by the then governor, Bhagat Singh Koshyari with Ajit Pawar as his deputy. His second term ended after the 2019 Maharashtra political crisis. A member of the Maha Yuti alliance, he served as Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra with Ajit Pawar under Eknath Shinde after the 2022 Maharashtra political crisis. He is currently serving as the chief minister, sworn in by the then governor, C. P. Radhakrishnan on 5 December 2024 for a third term with Eknath Shinde and Ajit Pawar as his deputies.

Ajit Pawar
Ajit Anantrao Pawar (22 July 1959 – 28 January 2026) was an Indian politician who served as Maharashtra's longest-serving deputy chief minister for more than eight years, between 2010 and his death in 2026, for six terms. He held the office under various governments, including the cabinets of Prithviraj Chavan, Devendra Fadnavis, Uddhav Thackeray, and Eknath Shinde.

He also served as the leader of the opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from 2022 to 2023 and represented Baramati Lok Sabha constituency in 1991.
Esan Marsters
Esan Marsters (born 17 August 1996) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a centre or stand-off for the Bradford Bulls in the Super League. He has played for the Cook Islands, New Zealand and the New Zealand Māori at international level.

He previously played for the Wests Tigers, North Queensland Cowboys and the Gold Coast Titans in the National Rugby League.

Cook Islands national rugby league team
The Cook Islands national rugby league team have represented the Cook Islands in international rugby league football since 1986. Administered by the Cook Islands Rugby League Association (CIRLA), the team has competed at three Rugby League World Cups, in 2000, 2013 and 2021.
Jyri Nieminen
Jyri Nieminen (born 2 December 1987) is a Finnish football coach and a former player who played as a goalkeeper. He works as the goalkeeping coach of Eredivisie club Feyenoord and for the Finland national team.

Nieminen received his UEFA A Goalkeeping license in 2016.

Jarkko Tuomisto
Jarkko Tuomisto (born 30 August 1975) is a Finnish football coach, currently working as a goalkeeping coach of Süper Lig club Başakşehir.

Tuomisto received his UEFA A Goalkeeping coaching license in 2017.
IgG4-related disease
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), formerly known as IgG4-related systemic disease, is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with lymphocytes and IgG4-secreting plasma cells, various degrees of fibrosis (scarring) and a usually prompt response to oral steroids. In approximately 51–70% of people with this disease, serum IgG4 concentrations are elevated during an acute phase.

It is a relapsing-remitting disease associated with a tendency to mass forming, tissue-destructive lesions in multiple sites, with a characteristic histopathological appearance in whichever site is involved. Inflammation and the deposition of connective tissue in affected anatomical sites can lead to organ dysfunction, organ failure, or even death if not treated.

Early detection is important to avoid organ damage and potentially serious complications. Treatment is recommended in all symptomatic cases of IgG4-RD and also in asymptomatic IgG4-RD involving certain anatomical sites.

Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.
Mascotte (1930 film)
Mascotte is a Polish social drama from 1930, directed by Aleksander Ford, based on a screenplay by Leon Kniazołucki and Jerzy Dal-Atan. The film tells the story of Feliks Promieński (Jerzy Dal-Atan), who, after receiving a clay figurine, begins to experience good luck in gambling and love with Beata (Irena Green). After losing the amulet, he falls into trouble. Ultimately, he takes his fate into his own hands, wins a horse race, and regains Beata's love.

Critics were not favorable towards Mascotte. They criticized the poor script, acting, and direction. However, Maria Jehanne Wielopolska defended the film and Aleksander Ford.

Mascotte is considered a lost film.

Aleksander Ford
Aleksander Ford (born Mosze Lifszyc; 24 November 1908 in Kiev, Russian Empire – 4 April 1980 in Naples, Florida, U.S.) was a Polish film director and head of the Polish People's Army Film Crew in the Soviet Union during World War II. Following the war, he was appointed director of the Film Polski company.

In 1948 he was appointed a professor of the National Film School in Łódź (Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Filmowa). Roman Polanski and Polish film director Andrzej Wajda were among his students. Amid an anti-Semitic purge in the communist party in Poland, Ford was stopped from preparing a film on the life of a Jewish educator. Shortly afterwards he emigrated to Israel in 1968 and from there to the United States, going through Germany and Denmark. He took his own life in 1980 in Naples, Florida.
Berkshire Subdivision
The Berkshire Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. states of Massachusetts and New York. The line runs from near Springfield, Massachusetts west to Schodack, New York, (near Albany) along a former New York Central Railroad line. Its east end is in Wilbraham, east of Springfield, at the west end of the Boston Subdivision. Its west end is just east of the Alfred H. Smith Memorial Bridge, at a junction with the Castleton Subdivision and Schodack Subdivision. Along the way, the line junctions Amtrak's Post Road Branch (over which CSX has trackage rights) in Schodack.

Amtrak operates trains over the Berkshire Subdivision east of the junction with the Post Road Branch. The seasonal Berkshire Flyer runs as far as Pittsfield, while the Boston section of the long-distance Lake Shore Limited follows the line through to its eastern terminus.

Post Road Branch
The Post Road Branch is a railroad line owned and operated by Amtrak in the U.S. state of New York. The line runs from a junction with CSX Transportation's Berkshire Subdivision in Castleton-on-Hudson, New York, northwest to CSX's Hudson Subdivision at Rensselaer, New York (near Albany), along a former New York Central Railroad line. Freight service is provided by CSX Transportation, who calls it the Post Road Subdivision, via trackage rights.

The Boston branch of Amtrak's long-distance Lake Shore Limited operates over the Post Road Branch, as does the seasonal Berkshire Flyer.
2022–23 Úrvalsdeild kvenna (basketball)
The 2022–23 Úrvalsdeild kvenna was the 66th season of the Úrvalsdeild kvenna, the top tier women's basketball league on Iceland. The season started on 20 September 2022 and concluded on 28 April 2023 with Valur winning the national championship after beating Keflavík in the Úrvalsdeild finals, 3–1. Kiana Johnson of Valur was named the Finals MVP.

Keflavík (women's basketball)
The Keflavík women's basketball team, commonly known as Keflavík, is the women's basketball department of Keflavík ÍF (Keflavík, íþrótta- og ungmennafélag), based in the town of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. It is Iceland's most successful women's basketball team with 17 national championship. They currently play in Úrvalsdeild kvenna where they won the national championship in 2017. The club has won the Icelandic Basketball Cup a record fifteen times, including in 2017 and 2018.
Automotive navigation system
An automotive navigation system is part of the automobile controls or a third party add-on used to find direction in an automobile. It typically uses a satellite navigation device to get its position data which is then correlated to a position on a road. When directions are needed routing can be calculated. On the fly traffic information (road closures, congestion) can be used to adjust the route.

Dead reckoning using distance data from sensors attached to the drivetrain, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer can be used for greater reliability, as GNSS signal loss and/or multipath can occur due to urban canyons or tunnels.

Mathematically, automotive navigation is based on the shortest path problem, within graph theory, which examines how to identify the path that best meets some criteria (shortest, cheapest, fastest, etc.) between two points in a large network.

Automotive navigation systems are crucial for the development of self-driving cars.

Navigation Data Standard
The Navigation Data Standard (NDS) is a standardized format for automotive-grade navigation databases, jointly developed by automobile manufacturers and suppliers. NDS is an association registered in Germany. Members are automotive OEMs, map data providers, and navigation device/application providers.

NDS aims to develop a standardized binary database format that allows the exchange of navigation data between different systems. NDS separates navigation software from navigation data, thus enhancing flexibility for creating various navigation products for end users. In addition to this interoperability, NDS databases support incremental updates, protection against illegal use, and compactness.

NDS products have been available in the market since 2012, among others in BMW, Daimler, and Volkswagen cars.
Yellow Line (Indore Metro)
The Yellow Line is the first primary rapid corridor line of the Indore Metro, which consists of a total of 29 metro stations from Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Terminal to Airport with a total distance of 33.53 km. However the priority section from Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Terminal to Radisson Square is under-construction with a distance of 16.21 km.

A 6 km first phase, linking Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Terminal to Veerangana Jhalkari Bai Station entered operations on 31 May 2025 and it was officially inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi via video conferencing from Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.

Indore Metro
The Indore Metro is a rapid transit system serving Indore, the largest city in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The Yellow Line is the only one currently in operation. The full line will consist of more than 34 km from Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Terminal to Airport. The first phase of the project was completed and inaugurated on 31 May 2025 by PM Narendra Modi on 300th Birth anniversary of Maharani Ahilyabai Holkar.

Four other corridors (lines) covering a distance of 124 kilometres (77 mi) have been proposed. The Yellow line project will cost approximately ₹12,000 crore (US$1.4 billion). The cost per km will be 182 crores and total cost is 15,000 crores. The metro system will be elevated, underground and at grade.
Andrew Hotham
Andrew Hotham (born August 29, 1986) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He previously played four seasons with the Welsh EIHL team Cardiff Devils, claiming five trophies and four EIHL defenseman of the year awards. His father Greg (over 200 NHL games) and elder brother Scott also played the sport professionally.

Greg Hotham
Gregory S. Hotham (born March 7, 1956) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 230 games in the National Hockey League with the Toronto Maple Leafs and Pittsburgh Penguins between 1979 and 1985. He was selected by the Maple Leafs in the 5th round, 84th overall, of the 1976 NHL Amateur Draft. Hotham was born in London, Ontario, but grew up in Aurora, Ontario.
Tony Jordan
Tony Jordan (born 21 July 1957) is a British television writer. For many years, he was lead writer and series consultant for BBC One soap opera EastEnders. He has written over 250 episodes for the programme since 1989, including the 2008 single-hander "Pretty Baby....". He created the series Hustle, HolbyBlue, City Central, Moving Wallpaper, Echo Beach, The Nativity, The Passing Bells and Dickensian, and co-created Life on Mars and By Any Means.

The Nativity (TV series)
The Nativity is a 2010 British four-part drama television series. The series is a re-telling of the Nativity of Jesus and was broadcast on BBC One and BBC HD across four days, starting on 20 December 2010. It was rebroadcast in two hour-long parts on the mornings of 24 and 25 December 2011 and across four days starting on 19 December 2016.

The series stars Tatiana Maslany as Mary; Andrew Buchan as Joseph; Neil Dudgeon as Joachim; Claudie Blakley as Anna; Peter Capaldi as Balthasar; and John Lynch as Gabriel.
10th Aerospace Defense Group
The 10th Aerospace Defense Group was inactivated on 31 December 1970 by the United States Air Force (USAF).  Its last assignment was with Fourteenth Aerospace Force at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. The 10th Aerospace Defense Group and Squadron were the sole operators of the United States' second nuclear-tipped anti-satellite weapon, Weapons System 437 (WS-437). For this reason the squadron continues the group history through temporary bestowal.

The United States Air Force's 10th Air Defense Squadron is also an inactive USAF organization, that preceded and followed the 10th group at Vandenberg as the 10th Aerospace Defense Squadron.  Once WS-437 became non-operational in the 1970s, the squadron assumed the mission of launching Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites into orbit until its mission was transferred. It was later activated an air defense unit and from 1992 to 1997 was located at Wheeler AFS, Hawaii.

Vandenberg Space Force Base
Vandenberg Space Force Base (IATA: VBG, ICAO: KVBG, FAA LID: VBG), previously Vandenberg Air Force Base, is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.
Hiram na Mukha (film)
Hiram na Mukha (transl. The Borrowed Face) is a 1992 Filipino drama film directed by Joel Lamangan from a screenplay written by Ronaldo C. Carballo and Amado Lacuesta, based on the komiks story of the same name written by Pablo S. Gomez. The film stars Nanette Medved, Christopher de Leon, and Cesar Montano in his first ever starring role in a Viva Films production.

In 2007, the film was remade into a television drama series of the same name by ABS-CBN as the second installment of Sineserye Presents and starred Heart Evangelista, Geoff Eigenmann, and TJ Trinidad.

Nanette Medved
Nanette Medved-Po is a philanthropist, businesswoman, and former actress and model in the Philippines. She was born in Hawaii to Russian American and Taiwanese parents. Medved-Po graduated summa cum laude with a degree in Finance and Entrepreneurship from Babson College in Massachusetts. She is best known for playing the titular role in the 1991 film Darna directed by Joel Lamangan. She married business tycoon Chris Po in 1999.
A.I.SHA
A.I.SHA My Virtual Girlfriend is an Indian drama-mystery, digital science fiction thriller streaming television series by Arré. The series revolves around the story of a relationship between Sam (Harman Singha), a genius app developer, and a woman. Only, the woman is the first-of-its-kind Artificial Intelligence Simulated Humanoid Assistant (A.I.SHA). Things take a turn for the worse when A.I.SHA (Nimisha Mehta) develops a mind of her own.

The first season consists of seven episodes. In July 2016, it was announced the series had been renewed for a second season  and premiered on 23 March 2017. The First episode of the third season was premiered on 4 March 2019, and streamed on arre.co.in, the Arré app, and MX Player.

Nimisha Mehta
Nimisha Mehta is a British actress, model and dancer, of Indian descent, working in the Hindi film industry. She made her Hindi film debut in Days of Tafree (2016) (remake of Gujarati hit film Chhello Divas).  She is also known for her work as Aisha in the television series A.I.SHA My Virtual Girlfriend.
Aeronaut Records
Aeronaut Records is an independently owned record label based in Los Angeles, California which was founded in 2002 by John Mastro. The releases on Aeronaut are distributed by Redeye Distribution in North Carolina.

Aeronaut Records has the distinction of having two faux French bands from New York City in its catalogue; Les Sans Culottes and Nous Non Plus. 
An article entitled Nom de Guerre chronicled the discord in the former band and the formation of the latter band and was published in Slate (magazine) in Oct. 2005.
In addition, Aeronaut has released the debut albums from artists such as Robert Francis, currently signed to Vanguard Records, Juliette Commagére, Daisy McCrackin, Golem, last on JDub, The Shys, and The Bangkok Five.

The Shys
The Shys were a five-piece indie rock band from Southern California. Their lineup consisted of Kyle Krone, Chris Wulff, Riley Stephenson, and Ryan Hansen. Their debut CD, Astoria, was released on Sire Records on July 11, 2006. Their most popular song is "Call in the Calvary".
Shaenon K. Garrity
Shaenon K. Garrity is an American webcomic creator and science-fiction author best known for her webcomics Narbonic and Skin Horse. She collaborated with various artists to write webcomics for the Modern Tales-family of webcomic subscription services in the early 2000s, and write columns for various comics journals. Since 2003, Garrity has done freelance editing for Viz Media on various manga translations.

Narbonic
Narbonic is a webcomic written and drawn by Shaenon K. Garrity. The storylines center on the misadventures of the staff of the fictional Narbonic Labs, which is the domain of mad scientist Helen Narbon. The strip started on July 31, 2000, and finished on December 31, 2006. On January 1, 2007, Garrity launched the "Director's Cut", an "annotated replay" of Narbonic. Narbonic was part of the subscription-based Modern Tales website for several years but moved to Webcomics Nation in July 2006, where it resumed being free-to-read. The comic is also a member of The Nice comics collective.
Chicken Dance
The "Chicken Dance" is an oom-pah song; its associated fad dance has become familiar throughout the Western world. The song was composed by accordion player Werner Thomas from Thurgau, Switzerland, in the 1950s.

The Chicken Dance is a well-known drinking and dancing song at American Oktoberfest events. It is also a popular dance at weddings, particularly in whose culture includes polka music. Over 140 versions have been recorded worldwide, including some that were released by Walt Disney Records, together making an estimated 40,000,000 records or more pressed.

Werner Thomas
Werner Thomas (born c. 1929) is a Swiss accordionist and composer born in Thurgau.

Thomas is credited with composing the German language tune in 1957 known as "Der Ententanz" (literally "The Duck Dance") later known as the "Chicken Dance" or the "Birdie Song" while working as a restaurant musician during the 1950s, there has since been more than 400 different recorded versions.

Despite being the most popular song that Switzerland has ever produced and exported to 40 countries, in 2000, the BBC crowned Thomas' song as "voted the most annoying song of all time", ahead of The Teletubbies' "Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!"" and Aqua's "Barbie Girl."

Thomas now lives in a "luxury retirement home in Ticino".
Joe South
Joe South (born Joseph Alfred Souter; February 28, 1940 – September 5, 2012) was an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. Best known for his songwriting, South won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1970 for "Games People Play" and was again nominated for the award in 1972 for "Rose Garden".

Games People Play (Joe South song)
"Games People Play" is a song written, composed, and performed by American singer-songwriter Joe South, released in August 1968. It entered the US Billboard Hot 100 in January 1969 and won the 1970 Grammy Awards for both Best Contemporary Song and the Song of the Year. In 1994, Jamaican reggae band Inner Circle had a very successful European hit with their cover version of the song.
Anorthoclase
The mineral anorthoclase ((Na,K)AlSi3O8) is a crystalline solid solution in the alkali feldspar series, in which the proportion of the sodium-aluminium silicate member exceeds the potassium-aluminium silicate member. It typically consists of between 64 and 90 percent of NaAlSi3O8 and between 10 and 36 percent of KAlSi3O8.

Feldspar
Feldspar (/ˈfɛl(d).ˌspɑːr/ FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feldspars make up about 60% of the Earth's crust and 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.

Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
Arizona State Route 82
State Route 82 (SR 82) is an east–west state highway in southern Arizona. The western terminus of Route 82 is located at its junction with Business Loop 19 (Grand Avenue) in Nogales and its eastern terminus at its junction with State Route 80 just north of Tombstone.  Between Nogales and Patagonia, it is also known as Patagonia Road and Patagonia Highway. Other than the aforementioned locations, Route 82 also travels through Sonoita and Whetstone, and is one of the few major east–west highways in its service area.

Sonoita, Arizona
Sonoita (/səˈnɔɪ.tə/; O'odham: Ṣon ʼOidag) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States. The population was 803 at the 2020 census.

The origin of the name of the CDP is the O'odham Ṣon ʼOidag, which may be best translated as "spring field".