hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Knoxville Raceway
Knoxville Raceway is a semi-banked half-mile dirt oval raceway (zook clay) located at the Marion County Fairgrounds in Knoxville, Iowa.  Races at the "Sprint Car Capital of the World" are held on Saturday nights from April through September each year. Some special events such as the Knoxville Nationals, 360 Knoxville Nationals and Late Model Knoxville Nationals are multi-day events. Weekly racing events at the track features multiple classes of sprint cars including 410 cubic inch, 360 cubic inch and Pro Sprints (previously 305 cubic inch). Each August, the Raceway holds the paramount sprint car event in the United States, the Knoxville Nationals. The track is governed by the 24-member fair board elected by Marion County residents.

Knoxville Nationals
The Knoxville Nationals, known as the NOS Energy Drink Knoxville Nationals presented by Casey's General Store, is an annual sprint car event held at Knoxville Raceway in Knoxville, Iowa. The race is nicknamed "The Granddaddy of Them All." The event is the biggest and most prestigious race of the year in sprint car racing. The Saturday finale is held on the second Saturday in August. The event is held for four days (Wednesday-Saturday) and is attended annually by approximately 25,000 fans. The event has the highest paying purse in sprint car racing at $1,000,000 which attracts roughly 100 race teams to compete.

An Associated Press writer called winning the event "sprint car racing’s premiere title". Ryan Timms is the defending race winner, having won it in 2025.
Proebsting's paradox
In probability theory, Proebsting's paradox is an argument that appears to show that the Kelly criterion can lead to ruin. Although it can be resolved mathematically, it raises some interesting issues about the practical application of Kelly, especially in investing. It was named and first discussed by Edward O. Thorp in 2008. The paradox was named for Todd Proebsting, its creator.

Kelly criterion
In probability theory, the Kelly criterion (or Kelly strategy or Kelly bet) is a formula for sizing a sequence of bets by maximizing the long-term expected value of the logarithm of wealth, which is equivalent to maximizing the long-term expected geometric growth rate.  John Larry Kelly Jr., a researcher at Bell Labs, described the criterion in 1956.

The practical use of the formula has been demonstrated for gambling, and the same idea was used to explain diversification in investment management. In the 2000s, Kelly-style analysis became a part of mainstream investment theory and the claim has been made that well-known, successful investors including Warren Buffett and Bill Gross use Kelly methods (also see intertemporal portfolio choice). It is also the standard replacement of statistical power in anytime-valid statistical tests and confidence intervals, based on e-values and e-processes.
Žalvarinis
Žalvarinis (Lithuanian for 'made from brass, brazen') is a folk rock band from Vilnius, Lithuania. They were formed in 2001 as a collaboration between the pagan metal group Ugnėlakis and the pagan folk group Kūlgrinda. This was reflected in the title of their debut album in 2002, Ugnėlakis su Kūlgrinda.

On 19 December 2023, the band was announced among the competing artists of Eurovizija.LT, the Lithuanian national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, with the song "Gaudė vėjai". They came second in the second semi-final on 20 January 2024, qualifying for the final.

Kūlgrinda (band)
Kūlgrinda is a folk music group from Vilnius, Lithuania, established in 1989 by Inija and Jonas Trinkūnas. The group is connected to the Lithuanian neopagan movement Romuva and often performs as a part of the movement's ceremonies.
The Korean Zombie
Jung Chan-sung (Korean: 정찬성; born March 17, 1987), anglicized as Chan Sung Jung and better known professionally as The Korean Zombie, is a South Korean former professional mixed martial artist best known for competing in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

A professional competitor since 2007, Jung had also competed for World Extreme Cagefighting (WEC), Pancrase, World Victory Road, and DEEP. His nickname, "The Korean Zombie", comes from his perceived zombie-like ability to continue to move forward and fight aggressively, even after taking heavy blows.

Frankie Edgar
Frank Edgar (born October 16, 1981) is an American former professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Lightweight, Featherweight, and Bantamweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), concluding his career as a Bantamweight. He is a former Lightweight Champion, and a multiple-time challenger for the UFC Featherweight Championship. Edgar also competed in Reality Fighting, where he held the Lightweight Championship. He wrestled collegiately for the Clarion University of Pennsylvania, where he was a four-time NCAA Division I National qualifier.
Yitzchak Shlomo Zilberman
Yitzchok Shlomo Zilberman (Hebrew: יצחק שלמה זילברמן‏; 30 April 1929 – 13 March 2001) was an Israeli Haredi rabbi and educator, pioneer of the Zilberman Method of Torah study. He founded Yeshivat Aderet Eliyahu, part of a community that follows the path of the Vilna Gaon.

Torah study
Torah study is the study of the Torah, Hebrew Bible, Talmud, responsa, rabbinic literature, and similar works, all of which are Judaism's religious texts. According to Rabbinic Judaism, the study is done for the purpose of the mitzvah ("commandment") of Torah study itself.

This practice is present to an extent in all religious branches of Judaism, and is considered of paramount importance among religious Jews. Torah study has evolved over the generations, as lifestyles changed and also as new texts were written.
Agatsuma Line
The Agatsuma Line (吾妻線, Agatsuma-sen) is a local rail line in Gunma, Japan, and is part of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) network. Approximately following the Agatsuma River, it is 55.6 km between Shibukawa and Ōmae stations.

Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi Station
Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi Station (長野原草津口駅, Naganohara-Kusatsuguchi-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of Naganohara, Gunma Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Simone Missick
Simone Missick (née Cook; born January 19, 1982) is an American film and television actress. She is best known for her role in the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Detective Misty Knight in Luke Cage (2016-2018), a role she also plays in The Defenders (2017) and Iron Fist (2018). From 2019 to 2023, she starred as Lola Carmichael in All Rise.

All Rise (TV series)
All Rise is an American legal drama television series created and developed by Greg Spottiswood for CBS and later the Oprah Winfrey Network. It aired from September 23, 2019, to November 18, 2023.

In May 2021, the series was canceled by CBS after two seasons before being picked up for a third season by the Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) that September. The third season premiered on June 7, 2022. In August 2023, it was announced that the third season would be its final season. The series finale aired on November 18, 2023.
USS Sacandaga
USS Sacandaga (AOG-40) was a Mettawee-class gasoline tanker acquired by the U.S. Navy for the dangerous task of transporting gasoline to warships in the fleet, and to remote Navy stations.

Sacandaga was laid down on 4 August 1944 as MC hull 1803, by the East Coast Shipyard, Inc., Bayonne, New Jersey; launched on 24 September 1944; sponsored by Mrs. B. S. Chappelear; and commissioned on 9 November 1944.

Mettawee-class tanker
The Mettawee-class gasoline tanker was a class of small gasoline tankers based on the Maritime Commission standard T1-M-A2 hull that served in World War II.  The ships were completed between 1943 and 1945.  Despite being charged with the dangerous task of carrying a highly volatile cargo into battle, none of the Mettawee-class tankers were destroyed, although the USS Sheepscot (AOG-24) capsized near Iwo Jima on 6 June 1945.
Odo, Count of Toulouse
Odo (or Eudes) (also Odon or Odonus) was the count of Toulouse from 872 to 918 or 919, when he died.

He was a son of Raymond I of Toulouse and Bertha, or of Bernard II of Toulouse.

He married Garsenda, daughter of Ermengol of Albi, and probably had three children. His sons were Raymond II, whom he associated in the countship by giving him Rouergue (before 898), and Ermengol, who inherited that same province. It has been suggested for onomastic reasons that Odo was the father of Garsenda, wife of Wilfred II of Barcelona.

Raymond I, Count of Toulouse
Raymond I (died 865) was the Count of Limoges (from 841), Rouergue and Quercy (from 849), and Toulouse and Albi (from 852). He was the younger son of Fulcoald of Rouergue and Senegund, niece of William of Gellone through his sister Alda.

In 852, on the death of his brother Fredelo, Raymond, already count of Limoges, Quercy, and Rouergue, received Toulouse and Albi. In 862, he was attacked by Humfrid, Count of Barcelona, and forced to abdicate Limoges. In 863, he was likewise forced to abdicate Rouergue and Toulouse. He died in 865 while fighting for his possessions against the new count Sunifred I.

Raymond married Bertha and had five children:

Bernard II, count of Toulouse, Rouergue, Quercy, Albi, and Nîmes

Foucher de Limoges, viscount of Limoges

Odo, count of Toulouse, Rouergue, and Quercy and duke of Septimania

Aribert, abbot of Vabres

a daughter who married Lupo I of Bigorre
Giuseppe Lombrassa
Giuseppe Lombrassa (June 20, 1906-September 26, 1966) was an Italian Fascist politician and soldier, State Undersecretary for Corporations in 1942–1943, and High Commissioner for the Province of Ljubljana from June to August 1943.

Province of Ljubljana
The Province of Ljubljana (Italian: Provincia di Lubiana, Slovene: Ljubljanska pokrajina, German: Provinz Laibach) was the central-southern area of Slovenia. In 1941, it was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy, and after 1943 occupied by Nazi Germany. Created on May 3, 1941, it was abolished on May 9, 1945, when the Slovene Partisans and partisans from other parts of Yugoslavia liberated it from the Nazi Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral. Its administrative centre was Ljubljana.
Gay & Lesbian Fund for Colorado
The Gay & Lesbian Fund for Colorado, a program of the Gill Foundation, provides financial support to nonprofit organizations in Colorado. Current grant making through the Gay & Lesbian Fund includes STEM education, promoting fair lending practices, access to safe capital, and financial literacy, support for Colorado public broadcasting stations, and statewide LGBT service and advocacy organizations. Based in Denver with the Gill Foundation, the Gay & Lesbian Fund for Colorado has awarded more than $52 million in grants since its inception.

Gill Foundation
The Gill Foundation is an American philanthropic foundation based in Denver, Colorado. It is one of the funders of efforts to secure full equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ) people in the United States. The foundation's mission is "to secure equal opportunities for all Americans, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression."
Festival de las Máscaras (2012)
Festival de las Máscaras (2012) (Spanish for "Festival of the Mask") was an annual professional wrestling major event produced by Mexican professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG), which took place on August 2, 2012 in Arena Naucalpan, Naucalpan, State of Mexico, Mexico. For this annual event the "Comisión de Box y Lucha Libre Mexico D.F." (Mexico City Boxing and Wrestling Commission) allowed wrestlers who had previously been unmasked after losing a Luchas de Apuestas, or bet match, to wear their masks again. The show featured a total of five matches with a main event Best two-out-of-three falls six-man tag team match between the team of El Canek, Octagón and El Solar facing Cien Caras, Jr., Fuerza Guerrera and Negro Navarro.

Cien Caras Jr.
Cien Caras Jr. (born October 18, 1976) is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler, currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) portraying a rudo ("Bad guy") wrestling character. Cien Caras Jr.'s real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. He is not a blood relative of wrestler Cien Caras, but instead is using the ring name with permission from Cien Caras.
Matsue Domain
Matsue Domain (松江藩, Matsue-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now eastern Shimane Prefecture. It was centered around Matsue Castle and was ruled for most of its history by  branch of the Matsudaira clan.

Matsudaira clan
The Matsudaira clan (松平氏, Matsudaira-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture).  During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of the Matsudaira clan, Matsudaira Motoyasu became a powerful regional daimyo under Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi and changed his name to Tokugawa Ieyasu. He subsequently seized power as the first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan during the Edo period until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, many cadet branches of the clan retained the Matsudaira surname, and numerous new branches were formed in the decades after Ieyasu. Some of those branches were also of daimyō status.

After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system, the Tokugawa and Matsudaira clans became part of the new kazoku nobility.
Anegan
Anegan (transl. Myriad; lit. 'Man with several shadows') is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language romantic action thriller film co-written and directed by K. V. Anand and produced by AGS Entertainment. The film stars Dhanush and Amyra Dastur, while Karthik, Ashish Vidyarthi, Aishwarya Devan, Mukesh Tiwari and Jagan appear in supporting roles. Set in four different time periods, the film is based on the theme of reincarnation, which revolves around Ashwin (Dhanush) and Madhu (Dastur) who were lovers in their past lives, have been brought together in the present.

The film was announced in May 2013. Principal photography started that September, and took place in Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia and Burma, and some parts of India including Pondicherry, and was completed in September 2014. The film features music composed by Harris Jayaraj, with cinematography handled by Om Prakash and editing done by Anthony. It was released on 13 February 2015.

Harris Jayaraj
J. Harris Jayaraj (born 8 January 1975) is an Indian composer from Tamil Nadu. He composes soundtracks predominantly for Tamil films, and has also composed for a few films in Telugu. He has also worked on a few Hindi films that were remakes of his Tamil films.

He has been honoured with Kalaimamani Award from the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Life Time Achievement Award from Konijeti Rosaiah, the Governor of Tamil Nadu. Since 2001, he has won 6 Filmfare Awards South and received 20 Filmfare Awards South nominations. He has also won 6 Mirchi Music Awards, 5 Vijay Awards, 4 Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, 3 International Tamil Film Awards and Big FM Awards.  In 2019, he was bestowed with the Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute Honorary Doctorate of Letters for his significant contributions to Tamil cinema music.
Obliquus capitis superior muscle
The obliquus capitis superior muscle (/əˈblaɪkwəs ˈkæpɪtɪs/) is a small muscle in the upper back part of the neck. It is one of the suboccipital muscles. It attaches inferiorly at the transverse process of the atlas (first cervical vertebra); it attaches superiorly at the external surface of the occipital bone. The muscle is innervated by the suboccipital nerve (the posterior ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve).

It acts at the atlanto-occipital joint to extend the head and bend the head to the same side.

Suboccipital nerve
The suboccipital nerve (first cervical dorsal ramus) is the dorsal primary ramus of the first cervical nerve (C1). It exits the spinal cord between the skull and the first cervical vertebra, the atlas.

It lies within the suboccipital triangle along with the vertebral artery, where the artery enters the foramen magnum.

It supplies muscles of the suboccipital triangle, the rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior, and obliquus capitis inferior. The suboccipital nerve also innervates rectus capitis posterior minor.
Eaglescliffe railway station
Eaglescliffe is a railway station on the Tees Valley Line, which runs between Bishop Auckland and Saltburn via Darlington. The station, situated 8 miles 63 chains (8.79 mi; 14.1 km) east of Darlington, serves the village of Eaglescliffe, Borough of Stockton-on-Tees in County Durham, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Tees Valley line
The Tees Valley Line is a railway route in Northern England, following part of the original Stockton and Darlington Railway route of 1825. The line covers a distance of 38 miles (61 km), and connects Bishop Auckland with Saltburn via Darlington, Middlesbrough and other stations across the Tees Valley and Teesdale.

The section of line between Darlington and Bishop Auckland is branded  as the Bishop Line and is supported by the Bishop Line Community Rail Partnership. The section of the route between Darlington and Saltburn is supported by the Tees Valley Line Rail User Group.  Beyond the line's western terminus at Bishop Auckland, the tracks continue for around 16 miles (26 km) to Stanhope along what is now the Weardale Heritage Railway.
Weakly compact cardinal
In mathematics, a weakly compact cardinal is a certain kind of cardinal number introduced by Erdős & Tarski (1961); weakly compact cardinals are large cardinals, meaning that their existence cannot be proven  from the standard axioms of set theory. (Tarski originally called them "not strongly incompact" cardinals.)

Formally, a cardinal κ is defined to be weakly compact if it is uncountable and for every function f: [κ]  2  → {0, 1} there is a set of cardinality κ that is homogeneous for f.  In this context, [κ]  2  means the set of 2-element subsets of κ, and a subset S of κ is homogeneous for f if and only if either all of [S]2 maps to 0 or all of it maps to 1.

The name "weakly compact" refers to the fact that if a cardinal is weakly compact then a certain related infinitary language satisfies a version of the compactness theorem; see below.

Infinitary combinatorics
In mathematics, infinitary combinatorics, or combinatorial set theory, is an extension of ideas in combinatorics to infinite sets.
Some of the things studied include continuous graphs and trees, extensions of Ramsey's theorem, and Martin's axiom.
Recent developments concern combinatorics of the continuum and combinatorics on successors of singular cardinals.
Fishersgate railway station
Fishersgate railway station is a railway station in West Sussex, England, serving both the eastern part of Southwick, as well as the western part of Portslade in Brighton and Hove. The station is operated by Southern and is 3 miles 47 chains (5.8 km) down the line from Brighton.

Portslade
Portslade is a western suburb of the city of Brighton and Hove in the ceremonial county of East Sussex, England. Portslade Village, the original settlement a mile inland to the north, was built up in the 16th century. The arrival of the railway from Brighton in 1840 encouraged rapid development of the coastal area and in 1898 the southern part, formerly known as Copperas Gap, was granted urban district status and renamed Portslade-by-Sea, making it distinct from Portslade Village. After World War II the district of Mile Oak to the north was added. Today, Portslade is bisected from east to west by the old A27 road (now the A270) between Brighton and Worthing, each part having a distinct character.
Plymouth (automobile)
Plymouth was a brand of automobiles produced by Chrysler Corporation and its successor DaimlerChrysler. The brand was launched in 1928 to compete in what was then described as the "low-priced" market segment that was dominated by Chevrolet and Ford. It became a high-volume seller for the automaker until the late 1990s. Plymouth cars were marketed primarily in the United States and Canada. The brand was withdrawn from the marketplace in 2001. The Plymouth models that were produced up until then were either discontinued or rebranded as Chrysler or Dodge.

Dodge Dart
The Dodge Dart is a line of passenger cars produced by Dodge from the 1959 to 1976 model years in North America, with production extended to later years in various other markets.

The production Dodge Dart was introduced as a lower-priced full-size model in 1960 and 1961, but became a mid-size car for one model year for 1962, and was then reduced to a compact for two generations, from 1963 to 1976.

Chrysler had first used 'Dart' name plates on two Italian styled show cars, in 1956 and 1957, before it became a Dodge model name. The Dart nameplate was resurrected for a Fiat-derived compact car that was introduced in 2012.
Alex Drum Hawkes
Alex Drum Hawkes  (1927–1977) was an American botanist and cookbook author who lived in Coconut Grove, Florida and  Kingston, Jamaica. Hawkes specialized in orchids, bromeliads, palm trees, fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Named the orchid genera Flickingeria, and Paraphalaenopsis and travelled the world extensively, particularly the Caribbean and Latin America during the 1940s to the 1970s collecting plants and authentic regional recipes.

Paraphalaenopsis
The genus Paraphalaenopsis, abbreviated as Prphln in horticultural trade, is a member of the orchid family (Orchidaceae), consisting of 4 species endemic to Borneo and one natural (unconfirmed) hybrid, Paraphalaenopsis × thorntonii (P. denevei × P. serpentilingua). Named by American botanist Alex Drum Hawkes.

They are morphologically similar to Phalaenopsis and were a long time considered as species of that genus. Their flowers are similar, but the leaves of Paraphalaenopsis are cylindrical and long (from 35 cm up to 3m in cultivation).  This latter measurement belongs to the "rat-tail orchid" (P. labukensis) with a maximum length of 3.05 meters (ten feet); the greatest length of any orchid leaf. These leaves resemble the leaves of the Holcoglossum. These are epiphytes that bloom in early spring.
Labeobarbus mirabilis
Labeobarbus mirabilis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Labeobarbus. Its type locality is the Ituri River, near Mawambi, Ituri Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. It has not been found in other locations. This species was initially placed in the genus Barbus, but is now considered to be a member of Labeobarbus. Some experts have raised the possibility that, with more research, L. mirabilis might become classified as a junior synonym of L. somereni.

Labeobarbus
Labeobarbus is a mid-sized ray-finned fish genus in the family Cyprinidae. Its species are widely distributed throughout eastern Africa and especially southern Africa, but also in Lake Tana in Ethiopia. A common name, in particular for the southern species, is yellowfish. The scientific name refers to the fact that these large barbs recall the fairly closely related "carps" in the genus Labeo in size and shape. As far as can be told, all Labeobarbus species are hexaploid. One species, L. microbarbis from Rwanda, is known to have gone extinct in recent times.