hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdullahi Smith
Abdullahi Smith (born Henry Fredrick Charles Smith, 5 May 1920–1984) was a scholar of West African history and culture. He was particularly interested in Arab influence in Nigeria. Professor Smith was the first Director of Arewa House personally picked by its founder Ahmadu Bello.

Arewa House
Arewa House (Hausa: Gidan Arewa) is a center for research and historical documentation under Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, located in Kaduna, Kaduna State, in Northwest Nigeria. It also served as the residence and office of the Premier of the defunct Northern Nigeria Region.
Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Darmstadt) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by a younger branch of the House of Hesse. It was formed in 1567 following the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse among the four sons of Landgrave Philip I.

The residence of the landgraves was in Darmstadt, hence the name. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars, the landgraviate was elevated to the Grand Duchy of Hesse following the Empire's dissolution in 1806.

Landgraviate of Hesse
The Landgraviate of Hesse (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen) was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a single entity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided among the sons of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse.
Autumn Crocus (film)
Autumn Crocus is a 1934 British romance film directed by Basil Dean and starring Ivor Novello, Fay Compton and Muriel Aked. The film follows a teacher who falls in love with the married owner of the guest house in which she is staying during a holiday to Austria. It was based on Dodie Smith's first play Autumn Crocus, previously a West End hit for director Basil Dean. The film was made by Associated Talking Pictures at Ealing Studios, with art direction by Edward Carrick. It was the final film appearance of its star, Ivor Novello. A contemporary reviewer wrote, "Novello's schoolboy knees under his Tyrolean shorts make the audience, if not the players, feel bashful".

Fay Compton
Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton-Mackenzie, CBE (/ˈkʌmptən/; 18 September 1894 – 12 December 1978), known professionally as Fay Compton, was an English actress. She appeared in several films, and made many broadcasts, but was best known for her stage performances. She was known for her versatility, and appeared in Shakespeare, drawing room comedy, pantomime, modern drama, and classics such as Ibsen and Chekhov. In addition to performing in Britain, Compton appeared several times in the US, and toured Australia and New Zealand in a variety of stage plays.
Chris Campanioni
Chris Campanioni is a first-generation American writer and the son of exiles from Cuba and Poland. He was born in Manhattan and raised in New Jersey, studied literature and critical theory at Lehigh University, Fordham University, and the CUNY Graduate Center, where he received his PhD. He has taught Latinx literature, journalism, media studies, and creative writing at Baruch College, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and Pace University, while serving on faculty at Yale University's Yale Writers' Workshop and the Hudson Valley Writers' Center. He is the recipient of the Academy of American Poets College Prize (2013), the International Latino Book Award (2014), and the Pushcart Prize (2016). From 2014–2016, along with Puerto Rican novelist Jonathan Marcantoni, he ran the YouNiversity, a non-profit digital workshop that provided students access to and experience with the publishing industry through media professionals in the United States, Europe, Latin America, and Africa.

Jonathan Marcantoni
Jonathan Marcantoni is an American novelist, screenwriter and editor based out of San Antonio, Texas. He is a co-founder and Managing Editor in Chief of Aignos, an independent, royalty publisher that seeks out experimental and innovative fiction and nonfiction.

Marcantoni has written has published the novels Communion (with Jean Blasiar), and Traveler's Rest. His work is described as a mix of stream of consciousness, existentialism, surrealism, and ellipsism. Marcantoni blends film and theatrical techniques with his narratives, making the environmental and intellectual musings of his characters as essential to the story as the action and dialogue.
Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1998 TV serial)
Tess of the D'Urbervilles is a three-hour television serial made by LWT, first broadcast on ITV between 8 and 9 March 1998, adapted for television by Ted Whitehead and directed by Ian Sharp and starring Justine Waddell, based on Thomas Hardy's 1891 book Tess of the d'Urbervilles.

Justine Waddell
Justine Waddell (born 4 November 1975) is a South African-British retired actress. She played roles in the 2006 film The Fall and 2005 film Chaos as well as Tess in the 1998 LWT adaptation of Tess of the d'Urbervilles and Estella in the 1999 BBC adaptation of Great Expectations. Justine is also the founder and director of the streaming platform Klassiki.
George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey
George Francis Child-Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey (15 February 1910 – 9 August 1998), was an English peer and banker from the Villiers family. Lord Jersey gave one of the family seats, Osterley Park, to the British nation in the late 1940s. He was a descendant of King Henry VII of England

George Child Villiers, Viscount Villiers
George Henry Child Villiers, Viscount Villiers (29 August 1948 – 19 March 1998) was the first son of George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey, and his third wife, Bianca Luciana Adriana Mottironi. He was a member of the Villiers family.

He was married three times: firstly, between 1969 and 1973, to Verna Scott; secondly, between 1974 and 1988, Sacha Jane Hooper Lauder, née Valpy; thirdly, from 1992 until his death, Stephanie Louisa Penman. The children of these marriages were:

With Verna P. Stott:
Lady Sophia Georgiana Child Villiers (b. 25 June 1971)

With Sacha Jane Hooper Valpy:
George Francis William Child Villiers, 10th Earl of Jersey (b. 5 February 1976); he married Marianne De Guelle on 16 August 2003.
Lady Helen Katherine Luisa Child Villiers (b. 21 October 1978)
Lady Luciana Dorothea Sacha Child Villiers (b. 23 July 1981); she married Robert Shaw on the 13 September 2014. Divorced as of 2024.

With Stephanie Louisa Penman:
Hon. Jamie Charles Child Villiers (b. 31 May 1994)
Yuko Araki
Yuko Araki (新木 優子, Araki Yūko; born 15 December 1993 in Tokyo) is a Japanese actress and fashion model. Her most notable works are films Our Meal for Tomorrow (2017), That Girl's Captives of Love (2018), See Hear Love (2023), Once Upon a Crime (2023), and Kingdom 4: Return of the Great General (2024), as well as television series Code Blue (2017), Kiss that Kills (2018), Suits (2018–2020), and Roppongi Class (2022). She is represented by Stardust Promotion.

Stardust Promotion
Stardust Promotion Co., Ltd. (株式会社スターダストプロモーション) is a Japanese talent agency, headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. It was founded in 1979 and invests in entertainment forms including music, cinema, and modelling.

The agency has a dominant share in the management of actresses. For example, it had managed Yūko Takeuchi (best known for the movie Be with You) and Kō Shibasaki (Socrates in Love).  The agency is known for its all-female musical groups such as Momoiro Clover Z, Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku, and all-male musical groups such as Bullet Train, Dish and also has its own independent record label SDR (Stardust Records).

In 2009, Stardust Promotion opened a branch in South Korea.  In addition to the head office in Tokyo, Stardust Promotion has offices in Nagoya, in Osaka, and since lately in Fukuoka. The agency has recently started to put an emphasis on local talents and created several local idol groups, namely Team Syachihoko (in Nagoya) and Tacoyaki Rainbow (in Osaka).
Walter Baker & Company
The Baker Chocolate Company was an American company that produced chocolate, headquartered in Dorchester neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first company to produce chocolate in the country. Following the deaths of its founders and officers, the company was sold to the Forbes Syndicate in 1896, which carried on the business until it was sold to Postum Cereal in 1927, which became General Foods two years later.

Acquired by Kraft Foods in 1995, the Baker's Chocolate brand currently belongs to Kraft Heinz.

General Foods
General Foods Corporation was a company whose direct predecessor was established in the United States by Charles William (C. W.) Post as the Postum Cereal Company in 1895.

The company changed its name to "General Foods" in 1929 following several corporate acquisitions by Marjorie Merriweather Post after she inherited the established cereal business from her father, C. W. Post. In November 1985, General Foods was acquired by Philip Morris Companies (now Altria) for $5.6 billion, the largest non-oil acquisition at the time. In December 1988, Philip Morris acquired Kraft Foods Inc., and, in 1990, combined the two food companies as Kraft General Foods. The "General Foods" name was dropped in 1995 with the corporate name being reverted to Kraft Foods; a line of caffeinated hot beverage mixes continued to carry the General Foods International name until 2010.
138th Street–Grand Concourse station
The 138th Street–Grand Concourse station, also signed as 138th Street–Mott Haven or simply as Mott Haven on station signage, is a local station on the IRT Jerome Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, located at the T-intersection of East 138th Street and the Grand Concourse in the Mott Haven neighborhood of the Bronx. It is served by the 4 train at all times except during rush hours in the peak direction, and the 5 train at all times except late nights.

IRT Jerome Avenue Line
The IRT Jerome Avenue Line, also unofficially known as the IRT Woodlawn Line, is an A Division New York City Subway line mostly along Jerome Avenue in the Bronx. Originally an Interborough Rapid Transit Company-operated route, it was built as part of the Dual Contracts expansion and opened in 1917 and 1918. It is both elevated and underground, with 161st Street–Yankee Stadium being the southernmost elevated station. The line has three tracks from south of the Woodlawn station to the 138th Street–Grand Concourse station. The Woodlawn Line also has a connection to the Jerome Yard, where 4 trains are stored, just north of the Bedford Park Boulevard–Lehman College station.
Department of Appointment and Personnel
The Department of Appointment and Personnel (DoAP) is a department of Government of Uttar Pradesh. The Department of Appointment is responsible for the matters related to transfer posting, training, foreign  assignment, Foreign training and compliant  monitoring and settlement for the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Provincial Civil Service (PCS) and the Provincial Civil Service-Judicial (only after consulting Allahabad High Court), whereas, the Department of Personnel provides opinion to the Department of Secretariat Administration and other departments in the matter of condition of service and regulation for recruitment to the subordinate services.

The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh serves as the departmental minister, and the Additional Chief Secretary (Appointment and Personnel), an IAS officer, is the administrative head of the department.

Provincial Civil Service (Uttar Pradesh)
Provincial Civil Service / Provincial Civil Service (Executive Branch) (IAST: Prāntīya Sivila Sevā), often abbreviated to as PCS, is the administrative civil service of the Government of Uttar Pradesh comprising Group A and Group B posts. It is also the feeder service for Indian Administrative Service in the state.

PCS officers hold various posts at sub-divisional, district, divisional and state level from conducting revenue administration and maintenance of law and order. The Department of Appointment and Personnel of the Government of Uttar Pradesh is the cadre-controlling authority of the service. Along with the Provincial Police Service (PPS) and the Provincial Forest Service (PFS), the PCS is one of the three feeder services to its respective All India Services.
From There to Here: Greatest Hits
From There To Here: Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by American country music group Lonestar. In addition to chronicling the greatest hits from their first four studio albums, the album includes three newly recorded tracks "My Front Porch Looking In", "Walking in Memphis" (a cover of the 1991 Marc Cohn song) and "I Pray", as well as a second recording of their 2001 single "I'm Already There". "My Front Porch Looking In" and "Walking in Memphis" were both released as singles.

I'm Already There (song)
"I'm Already There" is a song by American country music band Lonestar, written by lead singer Richie McDonald along with Gary Baker, Frank J. Myers and lyrics by David Zippel. It was released on April 16, 2001, as the lead-off single to their fourth studio album of the same name. It spent six weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song was the band's fifth consecutive Number One, and their seventh overall.
Messenian Gulf
The Messenian Gulf (Greek: Μεσσηνιακός Κόλπος, Messiniakós Kólpos) is a sea that is part of the Ionian Sea. The gulf is circumscribed by the southern coasts of Messenia and the  southwestern coast of the Mani peninsula in Laconia. Its bounds are Venetiko Island to the west and Cape Tainaron to the southeast. The western shores are mostly low-lying, fertile and well-developed, while the eastern shore is dominated by the southern foothills of the Taygetos and comparatively rocky and inaccessible, with few settlements.

The Pamisos River flows into the gulf near the port city of Kalamata, which is the gulf's major urban centre.

Kalamata
Kalamata (Greek: Καλαμάτα [kalaˈmata]) is the second most populous city of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece after Patras, and the largest city of the homonymous administrative region. As the capital and chief port of the Messenia regional unit, it lies along the Nedon River at the head of the Messenian Gulf.

The 2021 census recorded 72,906 inhabitants for the wider Kalamata Municipality, of which 66,135 resided in the municipal unit of Kalamata, and 58,816 in the city proper. Kalamata is renowned as the land of the Kalamatianos dance, Kalamata olives and Kalamata olive oil.
Pierce-Arrow Town Car
The Pierce-Arrow Town Car was an automobile produced from 1905 to 1938 by Pierce-Arrow. They were produced in three models: the Brougham Town Car, Metropolitan Town Car and Limousine Landau Town Car. Pierce-Arrow Town Cars were predominantly owned by the very wealthy, including the royal families of Japan, Persia, Saudi Arabia, Greece, and Belgium.

Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company
The Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company was an American motor vehicle manufacturer based in Buffalo, New York, active from 1901 to 1938. Although best known for its expensive luxury cars, Pierce-Arrow also manufactured commercial trucks, fire trucks, boats, camp trailers, motorcycles, and bicycles.
Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics consisted of ten events held 10–23 February in the United States near Salt Lake City, Utah. The downhill, super-G, and combined events were held at Snowbasin, the giant slaloms at Park City, and the slaloms at adjacent Deer Valley.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Tragedy Khadafi
Percy Lee Chapman (born August 13, 1971), known by his stage name Tragedy Khadafi (formerly Intelligent Hoodlum), is an American rapper and record producer. Hailing from the Queensbridge Housing Projects in Queens, New York City, he is documented with coining the term "illmatic" during his appearance on Marley Marl's album In Control, Volume 1 (1988). The word was the inspiration for fellow New York rapper Nas' debut album of the same name.

Vinnie Paz
Vincenzo Luviner (né Luvineri born October 5, 1977), better known as Vinnie Paz (formerly known as Ikon the Verbal Hologram), is an Italian-American rapper and producer behind the Philadelphia underground hip hop group Jedi Mind Tricks. He is also the frontman of the hip hop collective Army of the Pharaohs.

He released his first solo album, Season of the Assassin, in 2010. This was 18 years after Paz had originally started rapping. He released his second album God of the Serengeti in October 2012. In 2013, Paz confirmed that he was working with Army of the Pharaohs to release In Death Reborn, which was released in 2014. October 22, 2013, marked the release date of his second EP, Carry On Tradition. Paz's third solo LP, The Cornerstone of the Corner Store, was released on October 28, 2016. He released his fourth solo album, The Pain Collector, in September 2018.
Quality Protein Maize
Quality Protein Maize (QPM) is a family of maize varieties. QPM grain contains nearly twice as much lysine and tryptophan, amino acids that are essential for humans and monogastric animals but are limiting amino acids in grains. QPM is a product of conventional plant breeding (i.e., it is not genetically modified) and an example of biofortification.

QPM was developed by Surinder Vasal and Evangelina Villegas at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in the late 1990s. For their achievement, they won the 2000 World Food Prize.

Evangelina Villegas
Evangelina Villegas Moreno (October 24, 1924 – April 24, 2017) was a Mexican cereal biochemist whose work with maize led to the development of quality protein maize (QPM). She and her colleague from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Surinder Vasal, shared the 2000 World Food Prize for this achievement. Villegas was the first woman to ever receive the World Food Prize.
The Deele
The Deele (pronounced like "deal") is an American band from Cincinnati, Ohio who achieved success in the 1980s with such hit singles as "Body Talk" and "Two Occasions". When the group began recording in the early 1980s, the lineup consisted of Indianapolis native Kenny "Babyface" Edmonds along with Cincinnati musicians Antonio "L.A." Reid, Carlos "Satin" Greene, Darnell "Dee" Bristol, Stanley "Stick" Burke, and Kevin "Kayo" Roberson. In 2007, Bristol, Greene, Roberson & Burke reformed the group with several new members.

A March 2016 BET Honors performance, featuring Babyface and Reid reuniting with their former bandmates on stage, led to a more permanent reunion of the classic Deele lineup that has continued to the present.

The BET Honors
The BET Honors were established in 2008 by the Black Entertainment Television network to respect the lives and achievements of African-American luminaries. The awards will be presented annually and broadcast on BET during Black History Month.
Dürre Ager
The Dürre Ager is a river of Upper Austria.

The Dürre Ager flows through the Attergau area from south to north passes through St Georgen im Attergau. It joins the Vöckla at Timelkam. It has a length of approximately 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi).

Vöckla
The Vöckla is a river in Upper Austria.

The Vöckla has a length of 47 km (29 mi), its basin is about 450 km2 (170 sq mi), the medium flux 8.7 m3/s (310 cu ft/s). The Vöckla originates northeast of the Mondsee. Created by several springs, the river flows in northern direction first. At Frankenmarkt the direction changes to the East, where it passes through Vöcklamarkt, Timelkam, where it is joined by the Dürre Ager, and finally Vöcklabruck, where it discharges into the Ager.
The Rebel Son
The Rebel Son (also known as The Barbarian and the Lady and The Rebel Son of Taras Bulba ) is a 1938 British historical adventure film directed by Adrian Brunel and starring Harry Baur, Anthony Bushell and Roger Livesey. Patricia Roc also appears in her first screen role. It is a re-working of Aleksey Granovsky's 1936 French film adaptation of the 1835 Russian novel Taras Bulba by Nikolai Gogol, set in the 17th century Ukraine.

Taras Bulba (1936 film)
Taras Bulba (French: Tarass Boulba) is a 1936 French historical drama film directed by Alexis Granowsky and starring Harry Baur, Jean-Pierre Aumont and Danielle Darrieux. It is one of many films based on the story of Taras Bulba.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Lucien Aguettand and Andrej Andrejew. The costumes were designed by Georges Annenkov. Many of the film's production team were Russian exiles, who had left following the Russian Revolution. The rights to the film were bought by Alexander Korda who remade it in Britain as The Rebel Son.
Mesoamerican Classic period
The Mesoamerican Classic Period is marked by the consolidation of the urban process that started in the Late Preclassic and later the Postclassic, which occurred until the third century A.D. During the first part of this era, Mesoamerica was dominated by Teotihuacan. As of the fourth century A. D., this city started a major process of decay that allow the growth of the Maya, Zapotec, and central regional cultures of the Epiclassic.

Mesoamerican chronology
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE); the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Pre-classic or Formative (2500 BCE – 250 CE), the Classic (250–900 CE), and the Postclassic (900–1521 CE); as well as the post European contact Colonial Period (1521–1821), and Postcolonial, or the period after independence from Spain (1821–present).

The periodisation of Mesoamerica by researchers is based on archaeological, ethnohistorical, and modern cultural anthropology research dating to the early twentieth century. Archaeologists, ethnohistorians, historians, and cultural anthropologists continue to work to develop cultural histories of the region.
Tananarive Due
Tananarive Priscilla Due (/təˈnænəriːv ˈdjuː/ tə-NAN-ə-reev DEW) (born January 5, 1966) is an American author and educator. Due won the American Book Award for her novel The Living Blood (2001), and the Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel, the Shirley Jackson Award for Best Novel, and the World Fantasy Award for her novel The Reformatory (2023). She is also known as a film historian with expertise in Black horror. Due teaches a course at UCLA called "The Sunken Place: Racism, Survival and the Black Horror Aesthetic", which focuses on the Jordan Peele film Get Out.

The Reformatory
The Reformatory is a 2023 novel by Tananarive Due which combines elements of horror, historical fiction, and literary fiction. It is loosely based on the Dozier School for Boys and the atrocities committed there. The novel received critical acclaim, including a win for the 2024 Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel and 2024 World Fantasy Award for Best Novel.
Abu Bakr Tihrani
Abu Bakr Tihrani (Persian: ابوبکر طهرانی; died after 1481) was an Iranian secretary, who served under the Timurid, Qara Qoyunlu, and Aq Qoyunlu dynasties in the 15th century. Initially serving in the provincial divan of the Timurid ruler Shah Rukh (r. 1405–1447), Tihrani shifted his allegiance to the rising Qara Qoyunlu leader Jahan Shah (r. 1438–1467), whom he accompanied in his campaigns. However, with the downfall of the Qara Qoyunlu and the rise of the Aq Qoyunlu leader Uzun Hasan (r. 1453–1478), Tihrani eventually joined the latter in April 1469, becoming one of his close companions. He played an influential role in the correspondence of the Aq Qoyunlu, and also became their court historian, composing the Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya in 1473/4, the main account of the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu. The last mention of Tihrani is in 1481; he probably died not longer after.

Kitab-i Diyarbakriyya
Ketāb-e Dīārbakrīya (Persian: كتاب دياربكرية) is a book on the history of the Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu Turkmen dynasties, written in Persian. The book is considered the most important primary source on the history of these two dynasties. The author of the book is Abu Bakr Tehrani (ابوبکر طهرانی). The book was written between 875/1469 and 883/1478.