hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yashima, Akita
Yashima (矢島町, Yashima-machi) was a town located in Yuri District, Akita Prefecture, Japan.

In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,880 and a density of 47.56 persons per km2. The total area was 123.63 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Yashima, along with the city of Honjō; and the towns of Chōkai, Higashiyuri, Iwaki, Nishime, Ōuchi and Yuri (all from Yuri District), merged to create the city of Yurihonjō.

Chōkai, Akita
Chōkai (鳥海町, Chōkai-machi) was a town located in Yuri District, Akita Prefecture, Japan.

In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,359 and a density of 19.72 persons per km2. The total area is 322.53 km2. The town is named for the nearby Mount Chōkai which is on the boundary of Akita Prefecture and Yamagata Prefecture, southwest of town.

On March 22, 2005, Chōkai, along with the city of Honjō; and the towns of Higashiyuri, Iwaki, Nishime, Ōuchi, Yashima and Yuri (all from Yuri District), merged to create the city of Yurihonjō.

Chōkai contains several villages, including Jinego (上笹子; Kami-Jinego), Fushimi (伏見), Kawauchi (上川内; Kami-Kawauchi), and Hitane (上直根; Kami-Hitane).  Highway 108 is the town's largest highway, connecting to Yuri and Honjō in the NW and Highway 13 in the SE.

There are two rivers in Chōkai -- Koyoshi River and Jinego River.
Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a New Play
The Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a New Play was an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was presented from 1976 to 1984, then in 1985 the award was combined with the Actor of the Year in a Revival award to create the Best Actor award. The original Actor of the Year in a New Play award returned one last time, for the 1988 ceremony.

Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a Revival
The Laurence Olivier Award for Actor of the Year in a Revival was an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was presented from 1976 to 1984, then in 1985 the award was combined with the Actor of the Year in a New Play award to create the Best Actor award. The original Actor of the Year in a Revival award returned one last time, for the 1988 ceremony.
Kenichi Yamamoto (mixed martial artist)
Kenichi Yamamoto (山本 喧一, Yamamoto Ken'ichi) (born June 11, 1976) is a Japanese mixed martial artist and professional wrestler. Known for his pro wrestling career in UWF International, Yamamoto also competed against some of the best MMA fighters of his era in RINGS, Pride and the UFC, taking on Kevin Randleman, Genki Sudo and Pat Miletich, among others. In 1999, Yamamoto won the UFC 23 Middleweight Tournament in Japan. He returned to the ring against former Light Heavyweight King Of Pancrase Keiichiro Yamamiya on October 27, 2012. He lost via unanimous decision. Following his combat sports career, Yamamoto now works as an MMA coach.

Kevin Randleman
Kevin Christopher Randleman (August 10, 1971 – February 11, 2016) was an American mixed martial artist, amateur and professional wrestler, and former UFC Heavyweight Champion. Randleman's background was in collegiate wrestling, in which he became a two-time NCAA Division I and a three-time Big Ten wrestling champion out of Ohio State University. Randleman competed in the heavyweight and light heavyweight classes in MMA. In addition to competing in the UFC, Randleman also fought for other organizations such as PRIDE, WVR, and Strikeforce.  He was previously associated with Mark Coleman's Team Hammer House, before training at Randy Couture's gym in Las Vegas, Nevada. On May 16, 2020, the UFC announced that Randleman would be inducted into the pioneer wing of the UFC Hall of Fame. Randleman is the first fighter to be posthumously inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame.
Magnetic Field: The Marsden Poems
Magnetic Field: The Marsden Poems is a 2020 collection of poems by the English poet Simon Armitage. All 50 of the poems, written throughout his career, relate to places in his home village of Marsden, West Yorkshire. The book contains maps of the village, showing where each poem is situated. Armitage is a professor of poetry, and became Poet Laureate in 2019. He states that he found that he had been using Marsden to chart the effects of problems with the British economy and the sense of marginalisation that he felt.

The book has been welcomed by critics, who have noted Armitage's skill and accessibility, and the way he has brought Marsden to life on the page.

Marsden, West Yorkshire
Marsden is a large village in the Colne Valley, in the metropolitan borough of Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England. It is in the South Pennines close to the Peak District which lies to the south. The village is 7 miles (11 km) west of Huddersfield  at the confluence of the River Colne and Wessenden Brook. It was an important centre for the production of woollen cloth. In 2021, the village had a population of 3,692.
Charles Brahm
Charles Brahm (Newcastle upon Tyne, 25 July 1917 – Wilrijk, 26 May 2003) was a Belgian canoeist who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936 he and his partner Clement Spiette finished ninth in the K-2 10000 m event.

Clement Spiette
Clement E. G. Spiette (24 September 1916 – 21 November 1989) was a Belgian canoeist who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936 he and his partner Charles Brahm finished ninth in the K-2 10000 m event. He was born in Romford and died in Deurne. Louis Spiette and Joanna Janssens (Clement's parents) left Belgium during the first World War. They went to England where Clement was born in 1916 during World War I. After the war he returned; in 1945 his first child was born in Belgium.
Jim James
James Edward Olliges Jr. (born April 27, 1978), professionally known as Jim James or Yim Yames, is an American vocalist, guitarist, producer, and primary songwriter of the rock band My Morning Jacket. He has also released several solo albums.

Jay Farrar
Jay Stuart Farrar (born December 26, 1966) is an American songwriter and musician based in St. Louis. A member of two critically acclaimed music groups, Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt, he began his solo music career in 2001. Beyond being a songwriter, Farrar plays guitar, piano, harmonica, and sings.
Zombie (comics)
The Zombie (Simon William Garth) is a fictional supernatural character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Bill Everett for the standalone story "Zombie" in the horror-anthology comic book Menace #5 (July 1953), which was published by Atlas Comics, a forerunner to Marvel. The character later became well known for starring in the black-and-white horror-comic magazine series Tales of the Zombie (1973–1975), usually in stories by Steve Gerber and Pablo Marcos.

Menace (Atlas Comics)
Menace was a 1953 to 1954 American crime/horror anthology comic book series published by Atlas Comics, the 1950s precursor of Marvel Comics. It is best known for the first appearance of the supernatural Marvel character the Zombie, in a standalone story that became the basis for the 1970s black-and-white comics magazine Tales of the Zombie. As well, a standalone story in the final issue introduced a robot character that was revived decades later as the Human-Robot, a.k.a. M-11, the Human-Robot.

The 11-issue series (March 1953 – May 1954) included art by such 1940s Golden Age of Comic Books creators as Bill Everett and George Tuska, and such future industry stars as Gene Colan, Russ Heath, Joe Maneely, John Romita Sr., and Joe Sinnott. As well, the first eight issues were written completely by Atlas editor-in-chief Stan Lee, the future architect of Marvel Comics' rise as a pop-cultural phenomenon.
Multistable auditory perception
Multistable auditory perception is a cognitive phenomenon in which certain auditory stimuli can be perceived in multiple ways. While multistable perception has been most commonly studied in the visual domain, it also has been observed in the auditory and olfactory modalities.  In the olfactory domain, different scents are piped to the two nostrils, while in the auditory domain, researchers often examine the effects of  binaural sequences of pure tones.  Generally speaking, multistable perception has three main characteristics: exclusivity, implying that the multiple perceptions cannot simultaneously occur; randomness, indicating that the duration of perceptual phases follows a random law, and inevitability, meaning that subjects are unable to completely block out one percept indefinitely.

Multistable perception
Multistable perception (or bistable perception) is a perceptual phenomenon in which an observer experiences an unpredictable sequence of spontaneous subjective changes. While usually associated with visual perception (a form of optical illusion), multistable perception can also be experienced with auditory and olfactory percepts.
Risk inclination formula
The risk inclination formula uses the principle of moments, or Varignon's theorem, to calculate the first factorial moment of probability in order to define this center point of balance among all confidence weights (i.e., the point of risk equilibration).

The formal derivation of the RIF is divided into three separate calculations: (1) calculation of 1st factorial moment, (2) calculation of inclination, and (3) calculation of the risk inclination score.

The RIF  is a component of the risk inclination model.

Risk inclination model
Risk inclination (RI) is defined as a mental disposition (i.e., confidence) toward an eventuality (i.e., a predicted state) that has consequences (i.e., either loss or gain). The risk inclination model (RIM) is composed of three constructs: confidence weighting, restricted context, and the risk inclination formula. Each of these constructs connects an outside observer with a respondent's inner state of risk taking toward knowledge certainty.
Garv: Pride & Honour
Garv: Pride & Honour is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Puneet Issar, in his directorial debut. The film stars Salman Khan, Shilpa Shetty, Arbaaz Khan and Amrish Puri. The film dealt with the Mumbai Underworld and politics in Maharashtra.

Arbaaz Khan
Arbaaz Salim Khan (born 4 August 1967) is an Indian actor and film producer who primarily works in Hindi cinema, in addition to Telugu, Urdu and Malayalam cinema.

Since his debut in 1996, he has acted in many leading and supporting roles. He ventured into film production in the Bollywood film industry with Arbaaz Khan Productions, launching Dabangg in 2010, in which he starred as the younger brother of his real-life brother Salman Khan. The film went on to become one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time. He won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment for the film. He also hosted the reality show Power Couple, which aired on Sony TV. In 2019, Khan made his digital debut with the crime-thriller web series Poison.
Break of Dromore
54°25′01″N 6°08′56″W﻿ / ﻿54.417°N 6.149°W﻿ / 54.417; -6.149

The Break of Dromore took place on 14 March 1689 near Dromore, County Down in the early stages of the Williamite War in Ireland. It featured Catholic Jacobite troops under Richard Hamilton and Protestant Williamite militia led by Hugh Montgomery and Arthur Rawdon.

The Protestant forces were taken by surprise and there was little fighting, reflected in the term "Break", a Scottish word for rout. Victory secured Eastern Ulster for the Jacobites but they failed to fully exploit their success.

Richard Hamilton (officer)
Richard Hamilton PC (Ire) (c. 1649 – 1717) was an officer in the French and the Irish army. In France he fought in the Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678) under Turenne and in the War of the Reunions (1683–1684) at the Siege of Luxembourg.

In Ireland he fought for James II during the Williamite War, rising to the rank of lieutenant-general. He defeated the Protestants of Ulster at the Break of Dromore and the Cladyford in 1689. Later that year he commanded during part of the Siege of Derry. In 1690 he fought bravely at the Battle of the Boyne, where he was taken prisoner. In 1692 he was exchanged for Lord Mountjoy and joined the exile court at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France. Hamilton died in French exile.
Decatur House
Decatur House is a historic house museum at 748 Jackson Place in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. It is named after its first owner and occupant, the naval officer Stephen Decatur Jr. Built in 1818, the house is located at the northwest corner of Lafayette Square, about a block from the White House.

In 1836, new owners built an outbuilding on the property at the back which was in part used for slave quarters. Until the Emancipation Proclamation went into effect on January 1, 1863, weekly auctions of enslaved black persons were held in the house's backyard, now a wedding venue. The building currently houses a museum, as well as the National Center for White House History, operated by the White House Historical Association.

White House Historical Association
The White House Historical Association, founded in 1961 through efforts of First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, is a private, nonprofit organization that works to preserve the history of the White House and make its history more accessible to the public. As of March 2022, the president of the association is Stewart McLaurin.
Ali Sabieh
Ali Sabieh (Somali: Cali Sabiix, Arabic: علي صبيح) is the second-largest city in Djibouti and the capital of the Ali Sabieh Region. It is situated about 98 kilometres (61 miles) southwest of Djibouti City, 10 km (6 mi) north of the border with Ethiopia, and along National Highway 5.

Ali Sabieh's central location has contributed to its economic revival, as goods travelling to other parts of Djibouti all depart from the city's outskirts. It also has a mild climate makes it a popular tourist destination for Djiboutians. It sprawls on a wide basin surrounded by granitic mountains on all sides. The landmark of Ali Sabieh mountain is located near the city.

Nearby towns and villages include Dikhil (50 km), Arta (69 km), Ali Adde (22 km), Assamo (24 km), Dewele (18 km), Dasbiyo (15 km), Holhol (33 km), and Guelile (10 km).

Ali Sabieh Mountain
The Mountain of the National Emblem (Somali: Buurta Astaanta Qaranka) is a landmark in the Ali Sabieh region of Djibouti. The national emblem of Djibouti is carved into the mountain. It overlooks Ali Sabieh and is a local landmark. The Mountain of the National Emblem is the region's top tourist attraction.
Ryan McCartan
Ryan Jerome McCartan (born June 14, 1993) is an American actor and singer. He is known for portraying
the role of Jason "J.D." Dean in the original Off-Broadway cast of Heathers: The Musical. His Broadway credits include playing Fiyero Tigelaar in the 15th anniversary cast of Wicked and Prince Hans in the closing cast of Frozen. In January 2025, he began starring as Jay Gatsby in The Great Gatsby on Broadway.

McCartan starred as Brad Majors in the 2016 Fox musical television film The Rocky Horror Picture Show: Let's Do the Time Warp Again. He also played the recurring role of Diggie Smalls on the Disney Channel sitcom Liv and Maddie (2013-2017).

The Great Gatsby (musical)
The Great Gatsby is a 2023 stage musical with music and lyrics by Jason Howland and Nathan Tysen, and a book by Kait Kerrigan. It is based on the 1925 novel of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald.

The show started its Broadway previews on March 29, 2024, at the Broadway Theatre and officially opened on April 25, 2024.

The show made its European debut at the London Coliseum for a limited run from April 11, 2025 until September 7, 2025.
Smith & Wesson Safety Hammerless
The Smith & Wesson Safety Hammerless or Smith & Wesson New Departure (nicknamed by collectors as the Lemon Squeezer) is a double-action revolver that was produced from 1887 to 1940 by Smith & Wesson. Based on the Smith & Wesson Model 2 double-action design, the revolver incorporated an internal hammer and an external grip safety on its back-strap. It was chambered in .32 S&W and .38 S&W calibers; these revolvers were discontinued prior to World War II, being eclipsed by the stronger hand ejector models.

Smith & Wesson Model 2
The Smith & Wesson Model 2, also referred to as the Smith & Wesson .38 Single Action, was a .38 caliber revolver produced in both single and double action by Smith & Wesson.  The manufacturer's first of that caliber, its 5-shot cylinder was chambered in .38 S&W. The single-action was produced in three varieties from 1876 through 1911, with total production exceeding 223,000 units; the double-action in three variants from 1880 to 1913, with total sales somewhat under one-million guns.

The Model 2 fired a black powder cartridge.  It was a "top-break" weapon, with the barrel release catch located on the top of the frame, just in front of the hammer. It was a larger caliber version of the third model of the Smith & Wesson Model 1 1/2.
Canadian Western Bank v Alberta
Canadian Western Bank v Alberta [2007] 2 S.C.R. 3, 2007 SCC 22 is a landmark decision in Canadian constitutional law by the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) relating to the division of powers between Federal and Provincial legislative bodies.

Canadian constitutional law
Canadian constitutional law (French: droit constitutionnel du Canada) is the area of Canadian law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of Canada by the courts. All laws of Canada, both provincial and federal, must conform to the Constitution and any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect.

In Reference re Secession of Quebec, the Supreme Court characterized four fundamental and organizing principles of the Constitution (though not exhaustive): federalism; democracy; constitutionalism and the rule of law; and protection of minorities.
Gavin Jeanne
Gavin Jeanne is a Seychellois professional football manager. He is the head coach of the Seychelles national under-17 football team and a former caretaker-coach of the Seychelles national football team.

On 28 March 2018, Jeanne was appointed manager Seychelles national football team on a two-year contract.

Seychelles national football team
The Seychelles national football team, nicknamed the Pirates, represents Seychelles in international football and is controlled by the Seychelles Football Federation (SFF). SFF has been a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and FIFA since 1986. The team's home stadium is the 10,000-capacity Stade Linité located in Roche Caiman in the outskirts of Victoria, the capital of Seychelles.
Nera Corsi
Nera Corsi (Florence, 1444 - Florence, 1507) was an Italian noble woman of the dynasty Corsi and Francesco Sassetti's wife. Her tomb, located in the Sassetti Chapel of Santa Trinita in Florence, is the only female tomb in Florence for a married woman in the 15th century.

Sassetti Chapel
The Sassetti Chapel (Italian: Cappella Sassetti) is a chapel in the basilica of Santa Trinita in Florence, Italy. It is especially notable for its frescoes of the Stories of St. Francis, considered Domenico Ghirlandaio's masterwork.
Graeae
The Graeae (alternatively spelled Graiai; /ˈɡriːiː/; Ancient Greek: Γραῖαι Graiai, lit. 'old women',), also called the Grey Sisters and the Phorcides ('daughters of Phorcys'), were three sisters of Greek mythology who had gray hair from their birth and shared one eye and one tooth among them. They were the daughters of the primordial sea gods Phorcys and Ceto and sisters of, among others, the Gorgons. Their names were Deino (Δεινώ), Pemphredo (Πεμφρηδώ), and Enyo (Ἐνυώ; not to be confused with the war goddess, Enyo). They are best known from their encounter with Perseus, who, after capturing their eye, forced them to reveal information about the Gorgons.

Perseus
In Greek mythology, Perseus (US: /ˈpɜːr.si.əs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈpɜː.sjuːs/; Greek: Περσεύς, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of the Perseid dynasty. He was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer of monsters before the days of Heracles. He beheaded the Gorgon Medusa for Polydectes and saved Andromeda from the sea monster Cetus. He was a demigod, being the son of Zeus and the mortal Danaë, as well as the half-brother and great-grandfather of Heracles (as they were both children of Zeus, and Heracles's mother was Perseus's granddaughter).
Edward Berger
Edward Berger (German: [ˈɛtvaʁt ˈbɛʁɡɐ]; born 1970) is a Swiss and Austrian director and screenwriter. He is known for his work in Germany, where he was born and grew up, such as the German films Jack (2014), All My Loving (2019), and All Quiet on the Western Front (2022), as well as his English-language debut Conclave (2024). He also directed several television series including Deutschland 83 (2015) and Patrick Melrose (2018).

All Quiet on the Western Front won Berger an Academy Award for Best International Film, was nominated for Best Adapted Screenplay, and won three British Academy Film Awards. For Conclave, Berger received his first Golden Globe nomination for Best Director and a BAFTA for Outstanding British Film.

Jack (2014 film)
Jack is a 2014 German drama film directed by Edward Berger. The film had its world premiere in the competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. It was praised by critics and won several significant German awards.
Vecauce Manor
Vecauce Manor (Latvian: Vecauces muižas pils, German: Schloss Alt-Autz), also known as Auce Manor, is a manor house near the town of Auce in the Vecauce Parish of Dobele Municipality in the Semigallia region of Latvia originally designed by Friedrich August Stüler for Count Johan Friedrich von Medem and constructed between 1839 and 1843. Since 1920, the building has been used for education purposes and is currently run by the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies.

Friedrich August Stüler
Friedrich August Stüler (28 January 1800 – 18 March 1865) was an influential Prussian architect and builder. His masterpiece is the Neues Museum in Berlin, as well as the dome of the triumphal arch of the main portal of the Berliner Schloss.
Mary Kay Place
Mary Kay Place (born September 23, 1947) is an American actress. She is best known for portraying Loretta Haggers on the television series Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman, a role that won her the 1977 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Comedy Series. Her numerous film appearances include Private Benjamin (1980), The Big Chill (1983), Captain Ron (1992) and Francis Ford Coppola's 1997 drama The Rainmaker. Place also recorded three studio albums for Columbia Records, one in the Haggers persona, which included the Top Ten country music hit "Baby Boy". For her performance in Diane (2018), Place won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress and the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.

Diane (2018 film)
Diane is a 2018 American drama film written and directed by Kent Jones in his narrative directorial debut. It stars Mary Kay Place in the title role, with Jake Lacy, Deirdre O'Connell, Andrea Martin, and Estelle Parsons in supporting roles. It revolves around a selfless woman whose unwavering service to others hides a lifelong secret.

The film had its world premiere at the 17th Tribeca Film Festival on April 22, 2018, where it won three prizes, including the Founders Award for Best U.S. Narrative Feature. It was released in select theaters and on VOD on March 29, 2019, by IFC Films. It received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised Place's performance and Jones' direction and screenplay. At the 35th Independent Spirit Awards, the film earned two nominations: Best First Feature and Best Female Lead (for Place).