hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laplace principle (large deviations theory)
In mathematics, Laplace's principle is a basic theorem in large deviations theory which is similar to Varadhan's lemma. It gives an asymptotic expression for the Lebesgue integral of exp(−θφ(x)) over a fixed set A as θ becomes large. Such expressions can be used, for example, in statistical mechanics to determining the limiting behaviour of a system as the temperature tends to absolute zero.

Varadhan's lemma
In mathematics, Varadhan's lemma is a result from the large deviations theory named after S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan.  The result gives information on the asymptotic distribution of a statistic φ(Zε) of a family of random variables Zε as ε becomes small in terms of a rate function for the variables.
Wisner House
The Wisner House, also known as Pine Grove, is a single-family house located at 405 Cesar Chavez Avenue in Pontiac, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. It is now a public museum, the Governor Moses Wisner House, operated by the Oakland County Pioneer and Historical Society as part of the Pine Grove Historical Museum.

Pine Grove Historical Museum
The Pine Grove Historical Museum is located in Pontiac, Michigan and operated by the Oakland County Pioneer and Historical Society. The museum features the home of former Michigan Governor Moses Wisner. The four acre-plus property also includes several outbuildings, including a summer kitchen, a smokehouse and a root cellar.

The property includes a late 19th-century period one-room schoolhouse, and a former carriage house that is home to the Pioneer Museum and the Research Library.
Ylana of Callisto
Ylana of Callisto is a science fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the seventh in his Callisto series. It was first published in paperback by Dell Books in October 1977. Its working title was evidently Jungle Maid of Callisto, as announced in Locus #198, January 30, 1977; the title used appears to be a nod to that of Edgar Rice Burroughs's Llana of Gathol, a book in the Barsoom series that inspired Carter's Callisto books. The character of Ylana, however, was established in Mind Wizards of Callisto, an earlier volume in the series. The novel includes an appendix ("The Men of Thanator") collating background information from this and previous volumes.

Llana of Gathol
Llana of Gathol is a collection of four science fantasy stories by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, which were originally published in Amazing Stories in 1941.  The first collected edition of Llana of Gathol was published in 1948 with an apparently new foreword.  It is the penultimate book in the Barsoom series and the last to be published during Burroughs's lifetime.

The stories in Llana of Gathol have a somewhat more humorous tone than earlier entries of the Barsoom series, and this book is considered to be an example of Burroughs engaging in self-parody late in his career.
Mygdonia, Thessaloniki
Mygdonia (Greek: Μυγδονία) is an administrative area in the Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. A former municipality, since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Oraiokastro, of which it is a municipal unit. It has a population of 9,830 (2021). The municipal unit of Mygdonia includes three communities, Drymos, Liti and Melissochori. The seat of the municipality was in Liti. The municipal unit has an area of 98.506 km2.

Melissochori, Thessaloniki
Melissochori (Greek: Μελισσοχώρι), known before 1926 as Baldzha (Greek: Μπάλτζα), is a village and a community of the Oraiokastro municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Mygdonia, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 3,437 inhabitants in the village. The community of Melissochori covers an area of 37.561 km2.
Wish Dragon
Wish Dragon is a 2021 animated fantasy comedy film written and directed by Chris Appelhans. The film stars Jimmy Wong, John Cho, Constance Wu, Natasha Liu Bordizzo, Jimmy O. Yang, Aaron Yoo, Will Yun Lee, and Ronny Chieng. Jackie Chan produced the film and voiced Cho's role in the Chinese Mandarin version. It tells the story about a college student named Din Song, who encounters a teapot inhabited by a dragon named Long, who has the power to grant three wishes.

Wish Dragon was released theatrically in China on January 15, 2021, and on Netflix internationally on June 11, 2021. A sequel is set to be released in Summer 2027 with Appelhans returning as writer.

Chris Appelhans
Chris Appelhans is an American film director and illustrator born in Idaho.

He is the writer and director of the 2021 film Wish Dragon and the 2025 film KPop Demon Hunters, serving as co-director with Maggie Kang in the latter. He is also known for illustrating two children's books, A Greyhound, a Groundhog and Sparky!. He won the Children's Choice Book Award in 2015.
K-Ci
Cedric Renard Hailey (born September 2, 1969), known professionally as K-Ci (formerly Little Cedric as a member of Little Cedric and the Hailey Singers), is an American singer, songwriter and member of K-Ci & JoJo and Jodeci.

Although Hailey is best known as the lead singer of  Jodeci and second-lead singer of K-Ci & JoJo, he participated on different solo projects as K-Ci, most notably his 1994 cover of Bobby Womack’s "If You Think You're Lonely Now", which peaked at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100.

If You Think You're Lonely Now
"If You Think You're Lonely Now" is a song recorded and released by American soul singer-songwriter Bobby Womack in 1981 from his album The Poet. It was initially released as the B-side to his song "Secrets" but proved to be the more popular track. The single reached number three for four weeks on the Hot Soul Singles chart. This is significant because Womack released the song during a time when R&B was on a down slope and the charts were largely dominated by dance music.
Aminoglycoside
Aminoglycoside is a medicinal and bacteriologic category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside (sugar). The term can also refer more generally to any organic molecule that contains amino sugar substructures. Aminoglycoside antibiotics display bactericidal activity against Gram-negative aerobes and some anaerobic bacilli where resistance has not yet arisen but generally not against Gram-positive and anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria.

Streptomycin is the first-in-class aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is derived from Streptomyces griseus and is the earliest modern agent used against tuberculosis. Streptomycin lacks the common 2-deoxystreptamine moiety (image right, below) present in most other members of this class. Other examples of aminoglycosides include the deoxystreptamine-containing agents kanamycin, tobramycin, gentamicin, and neomycin (see below).

Amino sugar
In organic chemistry, an amino sugar is a sugar molecule in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amine group.  More than 60 amino sugars are known, with one of the most abundant being N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (a 2-amino-2-deoxysugar), which is the main component of chitin.

Derivatives of amine containing sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, whose nitrogens are part of more complex functional groups rather than formally being amines, are also considered amino sugars. Aminoglycosides are a class of antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. These compounds are conjugates of amino sugars and aminocyclitols.
2006 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The 2006 edition of the men's UCI Road World Championships Road Race took place on September 24, 2006, in the Austrian city of Salzburg. Reigning Olympic champion and Italian Paolo Bettini captured the gold medal and the rainbow jersey as the 2006 World Cycling Champion. The 36-year-old German sprinter Erik Zabel took the silver medal and UCI ProTour winner Alejandro Valverde of Spain captured third place for the bronze medal. A total of 136 cyclists actually finished the race, with Slovakia's Roman Broniš in last place (+ 13'38").

Erik Zabel
Erik Zabel (German pronunciation: [ˈeːʁɪk ˈt͡saːbl̩] ⓘ; born 7 July 1970) is a German former professional road bicycle racer who raced for most of his career with Team Telekom. With 152 professional wins and 211 wins in his career, he is considered by some to be one of the greatest German cyclists and cycling sprinters of all time. Zabel won a record nine points classifications in grands tours including the points classification in the Tour de France six consecutive years between 1996 and 2001 and the points classification in the Vuelta a España in 2002, 2003 and 2004. Zabel won the Milan–San Remo four times and numerous six-day track events. He was one of the few road cyclists of recent times who raced all year, including track cycling in winter. For season 2012 he joined Team Katusha as sprint coach. He previously held that same position with the HTC–Highroad team until their dissolution. Zabel admitted to doping from 1996 to 2003. He is the father of cyclist Rick Zabel.
Aeroflot Flight 8641
Aeroflot Flight 8641 was a Yakovlev Yak-42 airliner on a domestic scheduled passenger flight from Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) to Kiev (now Kyiv). On 28 June 1982, the flight crashed south of Mazyr, Byelorussian SSR, killing all 132 people on board. The accident was both the first and deadliest crash of a Yakovlev Yak-42, and remains the deadliest aviation accident in Belarus.

The cause was a failure of the jackscrew controlling the horizontal stabilizer due to a design flaw.

Jackscrew
A jackscrew, or screw jack, is a type of jack that is operated by turning a leadscrew. It is commonly used to lift moderate and heavy weights, such as vehicles; to raise and lower the horizontal stabilizers of aircraft; and as adjustable supports for heavy loads, such as the foundations of houses.
Farrar Road Stadium
Farrar Road Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium in Bangor, Wales. The site of the ground is now covered by an Asda supermarket. From 1920, the year it was opened, until 2011 it was used mostly for football matches and was the home of Bangor City F.C. The stadium held 1,500 people, with 700 seats.

The stadium was due to be demolished and redeveloped into a leisure complex after the 2008–09 season. Due to several delays however the last game that Bangor played there was a 5–3 win for the home side versus Prestatyn Town on 27 December 2011. The club then moved to their new stadium at Nantporth, situated on the outskirts of the city by the Menai Strait.

It was announced in 2010 that the council had signed a deal with Asda to build a supermarket on the stadium site; this despite the stipulation by original landowners Penrhyn Estates that it would be used for sporting and leisure facilities in perpetuity for the benefit of the local populace.  The stadium was demolished in 2012.

Nantporth
Nantporth (known as Bangor City Stadium since 2024) is an association football stadium in Bangor, Wales. It is currently used as the home ground of Cymru North side Bangor 1876.

Bangor City F.C. played between January 2012 and 2022, having moved from their previous ground, Farrar Road, that opened in the 1920s.
Greg Davies
Gregory Daniel Davies (/ˈdeɪvɪs/ DAY-viss; born 14 May 1968) is a British comedian, actor, presenter, and writer. He is best known for his roles as Mr. Gilbert in The Inbetweeners (2008–2010), Greg in We Are Klang (2009), Ken Thompson in Cuckoo (2012–2019), Dan Davies in Man Down (2013–2017), and Paul "Wicky" Wickstead in The Cleaner (2021–2024). He also created Man Down and The Cleaner.

Davies has released two Netflix comedy specials, You Magnificent Beast (2018) and Full Fat Legend (2025). He is the host of the comedy panel game shows Taskmaster (2015–present) and Never Mind the Buzzcocks (2021–present) and has appeared on Mock the Week, Fast and Loose, Live at the Apollo, and Would I Lie to You?

For his performance in Cuckoo, Davies was nominated for the BAFTA Television Award for Best Male Comedy Performance in 2013.

The Cleaner (British TV series)
The Cleaner is a British television sitcom created by and starring Greg Davies, which premiered on BBC One on 10 September 2021. The series is based on the German comedy Der Tatortreiniger ("Crime Scene Cleaner"). A second series, with a Christmas special, began airing on 23 December 2022. A third series was announced in January 2024 and began airing on 4 October 2024.
Henry Ledyard
Henry Brockholst Ledyard Sr. (March 5, 1812 – June 7, 1880) was the mayor of Detroit, Michigan, and a state senator, briefly served as assistant secretary under Secretary of State Lewis Cass, and was the president of the Newport Hospital and the Redwood Library in Newport, Rhode Island.

Newport Hospital
Newport Hospital is a private, nonprofit hospital located in Newport, Rhode Island. Together with The Miriam Hospital and Rhode Island Hospital, Newport Hospital is a member of the Brown University Health system.
Metiamide
Metiamide is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist developed from another H2 antagonist, burimamide. It was an intermediate compound in the development of the successful anti-ulcer drug cimetidine (Tagamet).

Cimetidine
Cimetidine, sold under the brand name Tagamet among others, is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist that inhibits stomach acid production. It is mainly used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers.

With the development of proton pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole, approved for the same indications, cimetidine is available as an over-the-counter formulation to prevent heartburn or acid indigestion, along with the other H2-receptor antagonists.

Cimetidine was developed in 1971 and came into commercial use in 1977. Cimetidine was approved in the United Kingdom in 1976, and was approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration in 1979.
Kate Vernon
Katherine Elizabeth Vernon (born 1961) is a Canadian-born American actress. She is known for her roles as Lorraine Prescott on the CBS primetime soap opera Falcon Crest (1984–1985), the stuck-up and popular Benny Hanson in the comedy film Pretty in Pink (1986), Sophia in the 1992 film Malcolm X, and Ellen Tigh in the 2004 Syfy series Battlestar Galactica.

Ellen Tigh
Ellen Tigh is a fictional character from the 2004 Battlestar Galactica reboot series, portrayed by Kate Vernon from 2004 to 2009. She is the manipulative wife of series regular Colonel Saul Tigh (Michael Hogan) during the first three seasons of the series. In season four, she is revealed to be the last of the Final Five Cylons, synthetic humanoid machines who are the precursors to the Cylon antagonists who oppose the human race throughout much of the series.
If... Dog... Rabbit...
If... Dog... Rabbit..., also known as One Last Score, is a 1999 American crime drama thriller film written, directed by and starring Matthew Modine, in his feature film debut as a director.  It also stars John Hurt, Kevin J. O'Connor, Bruce Dern, David Keith and Lisa Marie.

Lisa Marie (actress)
Lisa Marie Smith (born December 5, 1968), known professionally as Lisa Marie (sometimes also referred to as Lisa Marie Burton), is an American actress, model and producer. She is best known for her roles with Tim Burton: as Vampira in Ed Wood (1994), the Martian Girl in Mars Attacks! (1996), Lady Crane in Sleepy Hollow (1999), and Nova in Planet of the Apes (2001).
G20 (film)
G20 is a 2025 American action thriller film directed by Patricia Riggen and written by Caitlin Parrish, Erica Weiss, and Logan and Noah Miller. The film stars Viola Davis, who also produces the film, as the US president who must use her military skills to fight off terrorists who have taken over a G20 conference venue, with Anthony Anderson, Marsai Martin, Ramón Rodríguez, Douglas Hodge, Elizabeth Marvel, Sabrina Impacciatore, Clark Gregg, and Antony Starr.

G20 was released worldwide by Amazon MGM Studios via Prime Video on April 10, 2025. The film received generally mixed reviews from critics.

Sabrina Impacciatore
Sabrina Impacciatore (Italian pronunciation: [saˈbriːna impattʃaˈtoːre]; born 29 March 1968) is an Italian actress. She is known internationally for her roles as Valentina on season two of the HBO black comedy drama series The White Lotus (2022), which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award nomination, and as Esmeralda Grand in The Paper. Sabrina Impacciatore opened the 2026 Winter Olympics opening ceremony alongside international stars such as Mariah Carey and Andrea Bocelli during the multi-site ceremony for the Milano-Cortina Winter Games.
1992–93 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team
The 1992–93 Arizona Wildcats men's basketball team represented the University of Arizona as members of the Pacific-10 Conference during the 1992–93 season. The team was led by head coach was Lute Olson. and their home games were played in McKale Center.

After an impressive 17–1 record, winning the Pac-10 regular-season title with a 5-game margin, the team was seeded second in the West region of the NCAA tournament. However, they suffered an upset in the first round, losing to Santa Clara, 64–61. The team finished the season with an overall record of 24–4. This marked the second consecutive NCAA Tournament in which the Wildcats were eliminated in the opening round by a double-digit seed.

1992–93 Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team
The 1992–93 Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team represented Santa Clara University as a member of the West Coast Conference during the 1992-93 Season. Led by head coach Dick Davey, the Broncos finished with a record of 19–12, and a WCC record of 9–5. The Broncos beat Saint Mary's, Gonzaga, and Pepperdine to win the West Coast Conference tournament, and received an automatic bid into the NCAA tournament. Santa Clara became just the second #15 seed to win a game in the NCAA Tournament, beating Arizona in the first round before losing to Temple in the round of 32. It would be the first of three NCAA Tournament appearances in a 4-year period for the Broncos.
Arundhuti Maitra
Arundhuti Maitra (born 17 November 1990), better known as Lovely Maitra, is an Indian actress and politician who is known for her work in Bengali television. She started her career as the lead actress in the hugely popular 2013 Bengali television serial Jol Nupur, on Star Jalsha. She has also acted in other Bengali TV series like Mohar and Guddi.

Guddi (TV series)
Guddi is a 2022 Indian Bengali-language romantic drama television series that premiered on 28 February 2022 and aired on Bengali General Entertainment Channel Star Jalsha and is also available on the digital platform Disney+ Hotstar. The serial went off air on 7 September 2023.The show is produced by Magic Moments Motion Pictures of Saibal Banerjee and Leena Gangopadhyay and stars Shyamoupti Mudly and Ranojoy Bishnu.
Florescence
Florescence is the upcoming third studio album by English singer-songwriter Maisie Peters. It is set to be released on 15 May 2026 through Gingerbread Man and Atlantic Records and marks her first album since 2023, following The Good Witch (2023). It was preceded by the release of four singles: double A-sides "You You You" and "Audrey Hepburn", followed by "Say My Name in Your Sleep" and "My Regards".

Say My Name in Your Sleep
"Say My Name in Your Sleep" is a song recorded by English singer-songwriter Maisie Peters. It was released by Gingerbread Man and Atlantic Records on 19 November 2025 as the third single from Peters' upcoming third studio album, Florescence (2026). Peters worked on the song with frequent collaborator Ian Fitchuk, as well as singer-songwriters Marcus Mumford and Gretta Ray.

The lyrical content of the song explores constantly looking back on a past relationship, while also being mature enough to know it was not a right fit. It is loosely inspired by the 1938 novel Rebecca by Daphne du Maurier and Peters was praised for taking on a "literary-leaning sound". It has been said to fit within the theme of Florescence, which is about love that lasts forever.
Chthonerpeton
Chthonerpeton is a genus of semiaquatic caecilian amphibians in the family Typhlonectidae. They occur in South America east of the Andes, with most species occurring along the Brazilian Atlantic coast.

With ten currently recognized species, Chthonerpeton is the most speciose genus within Typhlonectidae. 
Species are characterized by having several diagnostic traits, including small ovate external nares, tentacular apertures located at an intermediate position between the eye and naris, and unroofed tentacular grooves.

Phylogenetically, Chthonerpeton is often recovered as the sister taxon to all other typhlonectids and retains plesiomorphic features, such as a subcylindrical body and the absence of fins.

Typhlonectidae
Typhlonectidae, also known as aquatic caecilians or rubber eels, are a family of caecilians found east of the Andes in South America.

They are viviparous animals, giving birth to young that possess external gills. Of the five extant genera in the family, Atretochoana, Potamotyphlus and Typhlonectes are entirely aquatic, while Chthonerpeton and Nectocaecilia are semi-aquatic. Atretochoana reaches 100 cm (39 in) in length, but other species in the family range from 20 to 60 cm (7.9–23.6 in). A sixth typhlonectid genus, Ymboirana, was recently described and is known exclusively from fossil material.
Unaacuł-Ḥiłsyakƛis Conservancy
The Unaacuł-Ḥiłsyakƛis Conservancy is a conservancy in British Columbia, Canada.
Established on June 18, 2024, the conservancy covers 12,104 hectares of land.
It covers parts of the coast of the Tofino Inlet. It borders the Tranquil Creek Provincial Park and the ʔuuʔinmitis Conservancy to its northwest, the Clayoquot Arm Provincial Park and the ʔaʔukmin Conservancy to its east.

Its name Unaacuł-Ḥiłsyakƛis is composed of two Nuu-chah-nulth Tla-o-qui-aht place names: Unaacuł (also written ʔunaac̓uł) for the mouth of Tofino Creek (also called Deer Creek) which is also used for the Onadsilth Indian Reserve #9, Ḥiłsyakƛis (also written hiłsyaqƛis) for the Tranquil River or its mouth at the head of Tranquil Inlet which is also used for the Eelsuklis Indian Reserve #10.

ʔaʔukmin Conservancy
The ʔaʔukmin Conservancy (ah-OOK-meen) is a conservancy in British Columbia, Canada.
Established on June 18, 2024, the conservancy covers 11,267 hectares of land.
It covers most of the area between the two arms of Kennedy Lake as well as the area between Clayoquot Arm Provincial Park and Clayoquot Plateau Provincial Park. It also borders the Unaacuł-Ḥiłsyakƛis Conservancy to its northwest.

Its name ʔaʔukmin (also written haʔukmin) is the Nuu-chah-nulth Tla-o-qui-aht names for Kennedy Lake and means "feasting bowl".
Sheridan, Wyoming
Sheridan is a city in the U.S. state of Wyoming and the county seat of Sheridan County. The city is located halfway between Yellowstone Park and Mount Rushmore by U.S. Route 14 and 16. It is the principal town of the Sheridan, Wyoming, Micropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Sheridan County. The 2020 census put the city's population at 18,737, making it the 6th most populous city in Wyoming.

U.S. Route 14 in Wyoming
U.S. Highway 14 (US 14) in the U.S. state of Wyoming runs east to west across the northern part of the state. The road connects South Dakota on the east with Yellowstone National Park on the west. It is mostly a two-lane surface road, except for several sections that it shares with Interstate 90 (I-90). The total length is about 400.3 miles (644.2 km).