hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Bayes
Thomas Bayes (/beɪz/ ⓘ BAYZ; c. 1701 –  7 April 1761) was an English statistician, philosopher and Presbyterian minister who is known for formulating a specific case of the theorem that bears his name: Bayes' theorem.

Bayes never published what would become his most famous accomplishment; his notes were edited and published posthumously by Richard Price.

Bayes' theorem
Bayes' theorem (alternatively Bayes' law or Bayes' rule), named after Thomas Bayes (/beɪz/), gives a mathematical rule for inverting conditional probabilities, allowing the probability of a cause to be found given its effect. For example, with Bayes' theorem, the probability that a patient has a disease given that they tested positive for that disease can be found using the probability that the test yields a positive result when the disease is present. The theorem was developed in the 18th century by Bayes and independently by Pierre-Simon Laplace.

One of Bayes' theorem's many applications is Bayesian inference, an approach to statistical inference, where it is used to invert the probability of observations given a model configuration (i.e., the likelihood function) to obtain the probability of the model configuration given the observations (i.e., the posterior probability).
Allens (law firm)
Allens is an international commercial law firm that operates in the Asia-Pacific region.

The firm is one of the largest in the Asia-Pacific region and has many high-profile political, judicial and corporate alumni.

It is in an alliance with the UK-headquartered Magic Circle law firm Linklaters, but is independently owned by its partners.

Linklaters
Linklaters LLP is a British multinational law firm, headquartered in London. Founded in 1838, it is one of the five 'Magic Circle' law firms known for their corporate and financial expertise. It currently employs about 3,100 lawyers in 30 offices across 20 countries.

In financial year 2024-25, Linklaters reported revenues of £2.32 billion and average profits per equity partner of £2.2 million. In the UK, the firm has top-tier rankings across many practice areas, including corporate/M&A, capital markets, litigation, banking and finance, restructuring and insolvency, antitrust and tax. In 2021, Linklaters was ranked second for the number of FTSE 100 clients. For direct deals by institutional investors in the first half of 2016, Linklaters tied for first place. In the 2021 Global Law Firm Brand Index, Linklaters was named as having the world's fourth strongest brand.
Potamia, Elassona
Potamia (Greek: Ποταμιά) is a municipal unit of the municipality of Elassona in the Larissa regional unit of Thessaly, Greece. It covers an area of 200.279 km2 and has a population of 3,139 according to the 2021 census. Before the 2011 local government reform, it was a separate municipality. The seat of the municipality was in Vlachogianni. Its name is derived from the Greek word "potamià", which means "land with many rivers" (from potamòs, river).

Elassona
Elassona (Greek: Ελασσόνα, romanized: Ellassóna; Katharevousa: Ἐλασσών, romanized: Elasson) is a town and a municipality in the Larissa regional unit of Greece. In antiquity, it was known as Oloosson (Ὀλοοσσών) and was a town of the Perrhaebi tribe. It is situated at the foot of Mount Olympus. Elassona is bypassed by the GR-3 road (Larissa–Kozani–Florina).
Uncle Tom
Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. The character was seen in the Victorian era as a ground-breaking literary attack against the dehumanization of slaves. Tom is a deeply religious Christian preacher to his fellow slaves who uses nonresistance, but who accepts being flogged to death rather than violate the plantation's code of silence by informing against the route being used by two women who have just escaped from slavery. However, the character also came to be criticized for allegedly being inexplicably kind to white slaveowners, especially based on his portrayal in pro-compassion dramatizations. This led to the use of Uncle Tom — sometimes shortened to just a Tom — as a derogatory epithet for an exceedingly subservient person or house negro, particularly one accepting and uncritical of their own lower-class status.

Tom show
Tom show is a general term for any play or musical based (often only loosely) on the 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. The novel attempts to depict the harsh reality of slavery. Due to the weak copyright laws at the time, a number of unauthorized plays based on the novel were staged for decades, many of them mocking the novel's social message, and leading to the pejorative term "Uncle Tom".

Even though Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel of the 19th century, far more Americans of that time saw the story in a stage play or musical than read the book. In 1902, it was reported that a quarter million of these presentations had already been performed in the United States. Some of these shows were essentially minstrel shows that utilized caricatures and stereotypes of black people, and thus inverting the intent of the novel. "Tom shows" were popular in the United States from the 1850s through the early 1900s.
Ländler
The Ländler (German pronunciation: [ˈlɛntlɐ]) is a European folk dance in 34 time. Along with the waltz and allemande, the ländler was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Despite its association with Germany, the ländler was danced in many European countries. Composers from a variety of European nations wrote music for the ländler dance; including Austria, Switzerland, Bohemia, Moravia, Slovenia and northern Italy in addition to Germany.

German Dance
The German Dance, also known as Deutsche,  Deutscher Tanz and Teutsche, was a generic term utilized in the late 18th and early 19th centuries for partner dances written in triple metre. These encompassed several different types of dances, including the waltz, ländler, and allemande. Composers of German Dances frequently wrote and published them in sets of three, six, or twelve for use at balls. Many composers published sets of Deutsche, including Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Schubert to name a few.
XVIII International Chopin Piano Competition
The XVIII International Chopin Piano Competition (Polish: XVIII Międzynarodowy Konkurs Pianistyczny im. Fryderyka Chopina) was held from 2 to 23 October 2021 in Warsaw. Originally scheduled for 2020, the quinquennial competition was twice postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

87 pianists from 18 countries took part in the main stage of the competition, which was divided into three stages with 87, 45 and 23 participants each, and a final with twelve pianists. The first prize was awarded to Bruce Liu of Canada.

Bruce Liu
Bruce Liu (simplified Chinese: 刘晓禹; traditional Chinese: 劉曉禹; pinyin: Liú Xiǎoyǔ; born Xiaoyu Liu on May 8, 1997) is a Canadian pianist. Born in Paris and raised in Montreal, he began to play the piano at eight years old and was performing by age 11. In 2021, he rose to widespread renown after winning the XVIII International Chopin Piano Competition.
Jacob and His Twelve Sons
Jacob and his twelve sons (Spanish: Jacob y sus doce hijos) is a series of thirteen paintings by Spanish artist Francisco de Zurbarán.

The series of life-size portraits was painted between 1641 and 1658. Twelve of the thirteen paintings are in Auckland Castle, in Bishop Auckland in County Durham, England, and one is in Grimsthorpe Castle, Lincolnshire.

The series travelled to the Americas for the first time in 2016, to be displayed at the Meadows Museum in Dallas, Texas, from 17 September 2017 until 7 January 2018, and then in New York City at the Frick Collection from 31 January until 22 April 2018.

Grimsthorpe Castle
Grimsthorpe Castle is a country house in Lincolnshire, England 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Bourne on the A151. It lies within a 3,000 acre (12 km2) park of rolling pastures, lakes, and woodland landscaped by Capability Brown. While Grimsthorpe is not a castle in the strict sense of the word, its character is massive and martial – the towers and outlying pavilions recalling the bastions of a great fortress in classical dress. Grimsthorpe has been the home of the de Eresby family since 1516. The present occupant is the 28th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby, granddaughter of Nancy Astor, who died at Grimsthorpe in 1964.
Brian Reynolds (game designer)
Brian Reynolds (born 1967) is an American videogame designer. Reynolds has designed at SecretNewCo, Zynga, Big Huge Games, and MicroProse and has been chairman of the International Game Developers Association. He has played a major part in designing a number of multi-million selling games including Civilization II, Rise of Nations, Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri, and FrontierVille. He has also founded or co-founded three game companies, SecretNewCo, Big Huge Games, and Firaxis Games.

The Pioneer Trail
The Pioneer Trail, formerly known as FrontierVille is a defunct simulation, role-playing video game available for play on social networking sites such as Facebook.  Developed by Zynga, and launched on June 9, 2010, it was a freemium game, i.e. free to play, but with the option of purchasing premium content. The game was shut down on April 30, 2015.

FrontierVille was the first game developed at Zynga East, Zynga's Baltimore studio led by Brian Reynolds. Reynolds was deeply involved in the project and has been credited as its lead designer.

The game reached 20 million monthly active users and 6 million daily active users within five weeks of launch. During the 14th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards, the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences nominated FrontierVille for "Social Networking Game of the Year".
Harshada Khanvilkar
Harshada Khanvilkar (born 2 July 1973) is an Indian television, film actress, producer and costume designer. She known for her role in Pudhcha Paaul as Akkasaheb, in Rang Majha Vegla as Saundarya Inamdar and in Lakshmi Niwas as Lakshmi Dalvi.

Pudhcha Paaul
Pudhcha Paaul (transl. The Next Step) is an Indian Marathi soap opera that aired on Star Pravah. It is an official remake of Hindi television serial Saath Nibhaana Saathiya of StarPlus. It premiered on 2 May 2011 and stopped on 1 July 2017 completing 1944 episodes. It is one of the longest-running Marathi television series and Star Pravah's longest-running series also.
South Brooklyn Marine Terminal
The South Brooklyn Marine Terminal (SBMT) is an intermodal shipping, warehousing, and manufacturing complex in the Port of New York and New Jersey. It is located along the Upper New York Bay, between 29th and 39th Streets in the Sunset Park and Greenwood Heights neighborhoods of Brooklyn in New York City. Bush Terminal and Industry City surround the site to the south and east, respectively. A recycling and waste transfer facility managed by Sims Metal Management is a major tenant. In May 2018, the city contracted partners to activate the largely unused terminal. In 2024, major construction commenced of a 73-acre facility supporting the development of the Empire Wind 1 offshore wind farm.

Sims Metal Management
Sims Metal is a global environmental services conglomerate, operating through a number of divisions, with a focus on: (a) Ferrous and Non-ferrous metal recycling, (b) enterprise data destruction and cloud asset management (c) post-consumer electronic goods recycling and reuse, (d) municipal waste recycling, (e) gas to energy, and (f) waste to energy. Founded in 1917, its primary operations are located in the United States, Australia and the UK.
Ryan Schmelzer
Ryan Schmelzer (born July 28, 1993) is an American professional ice hockey center and captain for the Utica Comets of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the New Jersey Devils of the National Hockey League (NHL).

After going undrafted into the NHL, Schmelzer spent four years playing for the Canisius College Golden Griffins while majoring in management. While attending Canisius, Schmelzer was named the Atlantic Hockey Best Defensive Forward for 2016–17 and earned NCAA Second All-Conference Team honors. Upon concluding his senior year, Schmelzer joined the Adirondack Thunder of the ECHL where he set new franchise records for goals and points in the Kelly Cup playoffs. As a result of his performance with the Thunder, Schmelzer signed a professional contract with the Binghamton Devils of the AHL.

Utica Comets
The Utica Comets are a professional ice hockey team based in Utica, New York. They are members of the North Division in the Eastern Conference of the American Hockey League (AHL) and affiliated with the National Hockey League's (NHL) New Jersey Devils. The Comets play their home games at the Adirondack Bank Center. The team was established when the Vancouver Canucks relocated their AHL franchise to Utica for the 2013–14 season.

The Comets are the second AHL team to call Utica home; another New Jersey Devils-affiliated team, the Utica Devils played in the city from 1987 until 1993. Before the 2021–22 AHL season, the Canucks relocated the franchise used by the Comets to Abbotsford, British Columbia, and the Devils relocated their franchise, the then-Binghamton Devils, to Utica to play as the Comets. As with the Devils, the Comets are owned by Josh Harris and David Blitzer under Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment (HBSE).
Buzzer Beater (manga)
Buzzer Beater (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Takehiko Inoue. The series debuted as a webcomic in 1996 and it was also serialized in Shueisha's Monthly Shōnen Jump shortly after its introduction on the web. An anime television series adaptation produced by TMS Entertainment, released in 2005, followed by a second season in 2007.

Monthly Shōnen Jump
Monthly Shōnen Jump (月刊少年ジャンプ, Gekkan Shōnen Janpu; commonly anglicized as MONTHLY JUMP) was a shōnen manga magazine which was published monthly in Japan by Shueisha from 1970 to 2007 under the Jump line of magazines. It was the sister magazine to Weekly Shōnen Jump.
Camp Island (Nunavut)
Camp Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian Arctic islands in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is a Baffin Island offshore island located in Frobisher Bay, southeast of the capital city of Iqaluit. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Dog Island, Kungo Island, Luella Island, Metela Island, and Quadrifid Island.

Kungo Island
Kungo Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is a Baffin Island offshore island located in Frobisher Bay, southeast of the capital city of Iqaluit. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Anchorage Island, Dog Island, Camp Island, Crowell Island, Luella Island, and Metela Island.
Dennis Newall
Dennis Newall is the former manager of East Stirlingshire who play association football in the Scottish Third Division.

When he was named as successor to Stevie Morrison in March 2004, Newall became the first unpaid manager in senior football.

He also managed Scottish junior sides Cumbernauld United and Lesmahagow, and coached at senior side Albion Rovers.

Newall was sacked by East Stirlingshire in late 2005, and was replaced by his former assistant Gordon Wylde in early 2006.

Steve Morrison (footballer)
Steve Morrison (born 15 August 1961) is a Scottish former footballer and manager. His most recent role was as manager of East Stirlingshire in the Scottish Football League Third Division from 2003 to 2004. He was assisted by former Rangers and Everton defender Alex Cleland.

Morrison replaced Danny Divers, whom he had previously assisted, in March 2003. He was succeeded by Dennis Newell following his resignation in April 2004 after failing to get the Shire off the bottom of the league.

He also had an eight-month stint as manager at Clydebank. As a player, he played in midfield for numerous Scottish clubs, most notably Dunfermline Athletic.
SS Hamburg (1925)
SS Hamburg was a German  ocean liner owned by the Hamburg America Line, built by the Blohm & Voss of Hamburg, Germany, and launched in 1925. She had a sister ship, SS New York. They were similar to the SS Albert Ballin.

During World War II, the ship became a naval accommodation ship for the Kriegsmarine in 1940 and served with the 7th U-boat Flotilla in Kiel. Reassigned to 3rd U-boat Flotilla on 1 March 1941, Hamburg was transferred to 6th U-boat Flotilla in Danzig in October. From June 1943, Hamburg was relocated to Gotenhafen and assigned to 8th U-boat Flotilla. On 7 March 1945 during the evacuation of Germans from the Eastern Front, she struck a mine and sank off Saßnitz in position 54°30′00″N 13°42′02″E﻿ / ﻿54.50000°N 13.70056°E﻿ / 54.50000; 13.70056.

The wreck was raised by the Soviets and converted to a whaler at Warnowwerft, Warnemünde, from 7 November 1950. Becoming Yuri Dolgoruki, the ship was put in service on 12 July 1960. She was then broken up in 1977.

SS New York (1927)
SS New York was a German passenger liner launched in 1926 for the Hamburg-America Line and was the sister to the SS Albert Ballin, SS Deutschland, and SS Hamburg. During World War II the ship continued its passenger service until 1940, when the Kriegsmarine requisitioned her as a accommodation ship for the war. On April 3, 1945, the ship was sunk in an air raid at Kiel. She was later raised during a harbor cleanup and was scrapped, starting in 1949.
May Mayko Ebihara
May Mayko Ebihara (May 12, 1934 – April 23, 2005) was the first American anthropologist to conduct ethnographic research in Cambodia. At the time of her death from a respiratory illness, she was professor emeritus of Anthropology at Lehman College, City University of New York, and the CUNY Graduate Center.

Lehman College
Lehman College (/ˈliːmən/ LEE-mən) is a public college in New York City, United States. Founded in 1931 as the Bronx campus of Hunter College, it became an independent college in 1967. The college is named after Herbert H. Lehman, a former New York governor, United States senator, and philanthropist. It is a senior college of the City University of New York (CUNY) and offers more than 90 undergraduate and graduate degree programs and specializations.
ReGIS
ReGIS, short for Remote Graphic Instruction Set, is a vector graphics markup language developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for later models of their famous VT series of computer terminals. ReGIS supports rudimentary vector graphics consisting of lines, circular arcs, and similar shapes. Terminals supporting ReGIS generally allow graphics and text to be mixed on-screen, which makes the construction of graphs and charts relatively easy.

Image file format
An image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency.

Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence–accommodation conflict.

Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization.
The Enchanted Tinderbox
The Enchanted Tinderbox  (Russian: Огниво, romanized: Ognivo, lit. 'The Tinderbox') is a 2024 Russian fantasy film loosely based on the 1835 fairy tale The Tinderbox by Hans Christian Andersen. The film was directed by Aleksandr Voytinskiy, who co-wrote the script with Aleksandr Arkhipov and starred Roman Evdokimov, Irina Starshenbaum, Antonina Boyko, Vitaly Khaev, Mikhail Trukhin, and Yan Tsapnik in supporting roles.

This film was theatrically released in Russia by Central Partnership on October 24, 2024.

Irina Starshenbaum
Irina Vladimirovna Starshenbaum (Russian: Ирина Владимировна Старшенба́ум; born 30 March 1992) is a Russian actress. For her role in T-34, she won the TEFI award for Best Actress and was a nominee for the Golden Eagle Award for Best Actress.
Mariazell Railway
The Mariazell Railway (German: Mariazellerbahn) is an electrically operated 760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in) narrow-gauge railway which connects the Lower Austrian capital of Sankt Pölten with the Styrian pilgrimage centre of Mariazell. The line was opened in stages between 1898 and 1907, and had a, now closed, branch to Wieselburg an der Erlauf. The railway is operated by NÖVOG, which is owned by the provincial government, and is a part of the Verkehrsverbund Niederösterreich-Burgenland (Lower Austria and Burgenland Transport Association).

Mariazell
Mariazell (German pronunciation: [ˌmaʁiːaˈtsɛl] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Mariazöö) is an Austrian city in the southeastern state of Styria. Well known for being a hub of winter sports and a pilgrimage destination, it is located 143 kilometres (89 miles) north of Graz. It is picturesquely situated in the valley of the Salza, amid the north Styrian Alps.

It is a site of pilgrimage for Catholics from Austria and neighboring countries. The object of veneration is an image of the Virgin Mary reputed to work miracles, carved in lime-tree wood. This was brought to the place in 1157, and is now enshrined in a chapel adorned with objects of silver and other costly materials. The large church of which the chapel forms part was erected in 1644 as an expansion of a smaller church built by Louis I, King of Hungary, after a victory over the Ottoman Empire in 1363.
Ohio State Route 588
State Route 588 (SR 588) is an east–west state highway in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  The western terminus of SR 588 is at SR 325 in Rio Grande.  Its eastern terminus is at a signalized intersection with SR 7 in downtown Gallipolis.

Ohio State Route 325
State Route 325 (SR 325) is a north–south state highway in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Ohio.  The southern terminus of SR 325 is at SR 141 about 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Rio Grande.  Its northern terminus is at a T-intersection with SR 124 approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) west of the village of Rutland.
Class of 1999 II: The Substitute
Class of 1999 II: The Substitute is a 1994 direct-to-video film about a new teacher at a troubled inner city school, where the students are all involved in gangs, drugs, and violence. It was directed by stunt expert Spiro Razatos, and stars Sasha Mitchell as renegade teacher John Bolen.

The movie is the third in series that began with Class of 1984 and continued with Class of 1999. The plots of the three films are only loosely related to each other; Class of 1999 II does contain some flashback sequences that use footage from Class of 1999. "Monroeville" is a George Romero tribute, it being the shopping mall that Dawn Of The Dead (1978) was filmed in Monroeville, Pennsylvania.

Class of 1984
Class of 1984 is a 1982 crime thriller film directed by Mark Lester,   	produced by Arthur Kent, and co-written by Tom Holland and John Saxton, based on a story by Holland. The film stars Perry King, Merrie Lynn Ross (who also served as an executive producer), Timothy Van Patten, Lisa Langlois, Stefan Arngrim, Michael J. Fox, and Roddy McDowall.

The film featured various youth fashions of the time, including the punk look, an image that was still popular in the early 1980s. The theme song, "I Am the Future", was recorded for the film by Alice Cooper. The film also features a performance by Canadian punk band Teenage Head.