hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shanghai Street
Shanghai Street (Chinese: 上海街) is a 2.3 km long street in the Jordan, Yau Ma Tei and Mong Kok areas of Kowloon, Hong Kong. Completed in 1887 under the name of Station Street (差館街), it was once the most prosperous street in Kowloon. It originates from the south at Austin Road, and terminates in the north at Lai Chi Kok Road. Parallel to Shanghai Street are Nathan Road, Temple Street, Portland Street, Reclamation Street and Canton Road. Though parallel, Shanghai Street was marked by 2- to 3-floor Chinese-style buildings while Nathan Road was marked by Western-style buildings.

Nos. 600–626 Shanghai Street
Nos. 600–626 Shanghai Street, or more specifically Nos. 600, 602, 604, 606, 612, 614, 620, 622, 624 and 626, is a group of ten pre-war shophouses (tong-lau) in the Mong Kok section of Shanghai Street, in Hong Kong, that have been listed as Grade I historical buildings for their historical value.
Kojo Nnamdi
Rex Orville Montague PaulListenⓘ (born January 8, 1945), better known as Kojo Nnamdi (/ˈkoʊdʒoʊ ˈnɑːmdi/ KOH-joh NAHM-dee), is a Guyanese-born American radio journalist based in Washington, D. C. He is the host of The Politics Hour on WAMU, and hosted “The Kojo Nnamdi Show” and Evening Exchange broadcast on WHUT-TV from 1985 to 2011.

WAMU
WAMU (88.5 FM) is a public news–talk station that services the greater Washington, DC metropolitan area. It is owned by American University, and its studios are located near the campus on Connecticut Avenue Northwest in the Forest Hills (Van Ness) neighborhood of northwest Washington. WAMU has been the primary National Public Radio member station for Washington since 2007.
James Alexander Scott
James Alexander Scott CIE OBE (2 December 1895 – 20 January 1983), was a British member of the Indian Police Force from 1915 to 1947.

In 1915 Scott joined the Indian Police Force. He then became attached to the 93rd Burma Infantry and completed three years of service with the Indian Army. Subsequently he was posted to the provinces of Punjab and Delhi. In October 1928, he was superintendent of police in Lahore, when the Simon Commission visited. There, he ordered the dispersal of protesters by the charging with batons, resulting in severe injuries to the Indian revolutionary Lala Lajpat Rai. Rai's death a fortnight later led to Scott becoming the target of an assassination by members of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army, and the subsequent Lahore Conspiracy Case.

Documents related to Scott, including his thoughts penciled in the margins of a copy of Alfred Draper's book titled Amritsar: The Massacre that Ended the Raj (1981), are kept in the British Library.

Indian Imperial Police
The Indian Imperial Police, (officially known as the Imperial Police or I.P.) was part of the uniform system of police administration in British Raj, as established by Government of India Act 1858 and Police Act of 1861. It was motivated by the danger experienced by the British during the 1857 Revolution.

In 1920, the Imperial Indian police had 310,000 police in their contingent. Its members policed more than 300 million people from the Raj (now India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Burma).

In 1948, a year after India's independence, the Imperial Police Service was replaced by the Indian Police Service, which had been constituted as part of the All-India Services by the Constitution.
Benjamin Lewis Vulliamy
Benjamin Lewis Vulliamy (25 January 1780 – 8 January 1854) was a clockmaker, active in 18th and 19th century Britain. He succeeded his father Benjamin Vulliamy as head of the firm and Clockmaker to the Crown.

Benjamin Vulliamy
Benjamin Vulliamy (1747 – 31 December 1811), was a British clockmaker responsible for building the Regulator Clock, which, between 1780 and 1884, was the main timekeeper of the King's Observatory Kew and the official regulator of time in London. In 1773 Vulliamy had received a Royal Appointment as the King's Clockmaker.
Ethan Rusbatch
Ethan Stuart Marsters Rusbatch (born 24 May 1992) is a New Zealand basketball player for the Franklin Bulls of the New Zealand National Basketball League (NZNBL). He began his New Zealand NBL career in 2012 with the Southland Sharks after spending one season in the United States playing college basketball for Lincoln Trail College. After playing for the Taranaki Mountainairs in 2013, he spent the next four seasons with the Canterbury Rams. He joined the Hawke's Bay Hawks in 2018 and won the NZNBL's Most Improved Player in 2019. He also played two seasons with the New Zealand Breakers in the Australian NBL.

Canterbury Rams
The Canterbury Rams are a New Zealand professional men's basketball team based in Christchurch. The Rams compete in the National Basketball League (NBL) and play their home games at Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre. For sponsorship reasons, they are known as The Wheeler Motor Canterbury Rams.
Andreas Hillgruber
Andreas Fritz Hillgruber (18 January 1925 – 8 May 1989) was a conservative German historian who was influential as a military and diplomatic historian who played a leading role in the Historikerstreit of the 1980s. In his controversial book Zweierlei Untergang, he wrote that historians should "identify" with the Wehrmacht fighting on the Eastern Front and asserted that there was no moral difference between Allied policies towards Germany in 1944 and 1945 and the genocide waged against the Jews. The British historian Richard J. Evans wrote that Hillgruber was a great historian whose once-sterling reputation was in ruins as a result of the Historikerstreit.

Gerhard Weinberg
Gerhard Ludwig Weinberg (born 1 January 1928) is a German-born American diplomatic and military historian noted for his studies in the history of Nazi Germany and World War II. Weinberg is the William Rand Kenan Jr. Professor Emeritus of History at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has been a member of the history faculty at UNC-Chapel Hill since 1974. Previously he served on the faculties of the University of Michigan (1959–1974) and the University of Kentucky (1957–1959).
Lonrho
Lonrho is a London-based conglomerate with operations primarily focused on Africa. The company was established in 1998 as Lonrho Africa plc following a corporate demerger from Lonmin, and operates across multiple sectors including agribusiness, infrastructure, transport, hospitality, and support services.

Although it shares its name with the earlier mining-focused Lonrho plc (now Lonmin), the present-day Lonrho is a distinct corporate entity formed to hold and manage non-mining African assets.

Lonmin
Lonmin plc, formerly Lonrho plc, was a British producer of platinum group metals operating in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange. Its registered office was in London, and its operational headquarters were in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Lonmin rose to international attention following the Marikana miners' strike in August 2012, in which over 100 striking Lonmin employees were shot (36 killed and 78 wounded) by South African Police Service officers. On 10 June 2019, Sibanye-Stillwater completed the acquisition of Lonmin plc.
Iburi Province
Iburi Province (胆振国, Iburi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.bɯ.ɾʲi (no kɯ.ɲi)]), also called Ifuri, was a short-lived province located in Hokkaidō.  It corresponds to modern-day Iburi Subprefecture, Yamakoshi District of Oshima, Abuta District in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the cities of Chitose and Eniwa in Ishikari Subprefecture and Shimukappu Village in Kamikawa Subprefecture.

Eniwa, Hokkaido
Eniwa (恵庭市, Eniwa-shi, Japanese pronunciation: [eɲiwa]) is a city in Ishikari Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is on the Ishikari plain, 8 km north of Chitose, and 26 km south of the prefectural capital Sapporo. It is reached through route 36 and the Chitose Railway Line. The town is separated into three major areas: Eniwa in the south, Megumino in the center, and Shimamatsu in the north.

Many farms are located around Eniwa, and the town has many manufacturing businesses, including the Sapporo Brewery Hokkaido factory. There are three Japan Ground Self-Defense Force camps in the city.

Eniwa's 2023 population of 70,278 makes it the fourth largest city in the Ishikari Subprefecture, and the 13th largest in Hokkaido.
DZTC
DZTC (828 AM) Radyo Pilipino is a radio station owned and operated by Radyo Pilipino Corporation. It serves as the flagship station of the Radyo Pilipino network. The station's studios are located at RPMG Broadcasting Center, Mcarthur Highway, Brgy. San Nicolas, Tarlac City, and its transmitter located along Romulo Highway, Brgy. Baras-Baras, Tarlac City.

Radyo Pilipino Corporation
Radyo Pilipino Corporation, presently operating as Radyo Pilipino Media Group, is a Philippine broadcasting company owned by Lucky Star Holdings. Originally founded in 1924, it is the oldest radio network in the Philippines; its current incarnation was founded on June 25, 1985, by a consortium led by businessman-politician Eduardo Cojuangco Jr.

Radyo Pilipino Corporation has four subsidiaries which currently serve as licensees: Radio Corporation of the Philippines (RadioCorp), Philippine Radio Corporation (PhilRadio), Radio Audience Developers Integrated Organization Inc. (RADIO Inc.), and Beacon Communications Systems Inc. (BCSI).

Currently, Radyo Pilipino Media Group owns two national radio brands, namely the AM network Radyo Pilipino (formerly known as Radyo Asenso), and the FM network One FM, and its lone television station RTV Tarlac Channel 26.
Closter, New Jersey
Closter (English pronunciation: /ˈkloʊstəɹ/ ⓘ) is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,594, an increase of 221 (+2.6%) from the 2010 census count of 8,373, which in turn reflected a decline of 10 (−0.1%) from the 8,383 counted in the 2000 census.

Demarest, New Jersey
Demarest is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 4,981, an increase of 100 (+2.0%) from the 2010 census count of 4,881, which in turn reflected an increase of 36 (+0.7%) from the 4,845 counted in the 2000 census. Located in the northeastern corner of New Jersey and its Gateway Region, Demarest is part of the New York City Metropolitan Area.

Demarest was formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1903, from portions of Harrington Township and Palisades Township. The borough was named for the Demarest family and for the Demarest train station, which had in turn been named for Ralph S. Demarest, who was a director of the Northern Railroad of New Jersey that built the station and represented the area in both the New Jersey General Assembly and the New Jersey Senate in the mid-19th century.
Ba humbugi
Ba humbugi is the only species and therefore the type species in the genus Ba, a genus of land snail, belonging to the family Charopidae. Both the genus and the species were named by the American malacologist Alan Solem. The genus is endemic to the Fijian island of Viti Levu, and B. humbugi is an endangered species.

Alan Solem
George Alan Solem (21 June 1931 – 26 March 1990), known professionally as Alan Solem, was an American malacologist, a biologist who studied mollusks.

He was one of the most renowned land snail experts of his time and had earned a reputation for his comprehensive revisions of mainly terrestrial pulmonates. He worked on land snails from all regions of the world but became particularly known for his revisions of land snails from Australasia and various Pacific Islands. His 140 academic papers dealt with the snail phylogeny, feeding patterns and reproductive strategies.

He named many taxa, amongst them about 350 species of Australian land snails, and several genera. 
Some species named by him are:

Ba humbugi Solem, 1983 – a species of Fijian land snail

Hadra wilsoni Solem, 1979 – a species of Western Australian land snail

Glyptorhagada janaslini Solem, 1992 – a species of land snail

Aaadonta fuscozonata depressa Solem, 1976 – a subspecies of land snail
Mark Rowley (actor)
Mark Rowley  (born 29 January 1990) is a Scottish actor, who has appeared in the television series River City (2013–2014), Young Dracula (2014), Home Fires (2016), The North Water and The Spanish Princess (2020). He played the Irish warrior Finan, Uhtred's second in command in battle, in The Last Kingdom (2017–2022), and was Prince Alvitirin in The Witcher: Blood Origin (2022).

The North Water (TV series)
The North Water  is a 2021 five-part television miniseries based on Ian McGuire's 2016 novel of the same name written and directed by Andrew Haigh and starring Colin Farrell and Jack O'Connell. An international co-production between British public broadcaster BBC, and Canadian English-language public broadcaster CBC Television, in association with Canadian premium television channel Super Channel and CBC Television's French-language counterpart ICI Radio-Canada Télé,  the series first premiered in the United States on AMC+ on 15 July 2021 before premiering in the United Kingdom on BBC Two on 10 September 2021 and in Canada on Super Channel Fuse a week later on 19 September, followed by a nationwide broadcast in the country on CBC Television in English and ICI Radio-Canada Télé in French, with video on demand availability on the CBC Gem and ICI TOU.TV services in both respective languages.
Dichloronitrobenzene
Dichloronitrobenzene can refer to any of the following isomers of C6H3Cl2(NO2):

1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene

1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene

1,3-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

1,3-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene

1,3-Dichloro-5-nitrobenzene

1,4-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

1,3-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene
1,3-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene is an organic compound with the formula C6H3Cl2(NO2).  It is one of several isomeric dichloronitrobenzenes.  It is an off-white solid that is soluble in conventional organic solvents.

The compound can be prepared by oxidation of 2,6-dichloroaniline using peroxytrifluoroacetic acid.
Anne Ramsey
Anne Ramsey-Mobley (March 27, 1929 – August 11, 1988) was an American actress. She was best known for her film roles as Mama Fratelli in The Goonies (1985) and as Mrs. Lift in Throw Momma from the Train (1987), the latter of which earned her nominations for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award. Additionally, Ramsey's respective turns in both aforementioned films earned her two Saturn Awards.

Throw Momma from the Train
Throw Momma from the Train is a 1987 American crime comedy film starring and directed by Danny DeVito in his theatrical directorial debut. It co-stars Billy Crystal, Anne Ramsey, Rob Reiner, Branford Marsalis, Kim Greist and Kate Mulgrew.

The title comes from Patti Page's 1956 hit song "Mama from the Train (A Kiss, A Kiss)". The film was inspired by the 1950 Patricia Highsmith thriller novel Strangers on a Train, the film adaptation of which is also seen in the film.

The film received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success. Anne Ramsey was praised for her portrayal of the overbearing Mrs. Lift; she won a Saturn Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
The Green Goddess (1930 film)
The Green Goddess is a 1930 American pre-Code film directed by Alfred E. Green. It was a remake of the 1923 silent film, which was in turn based on the play of the same name by William Archer. It was produced by Warner Bros. Pictures using their new Vitaphone sound system, and adapted by Julien Josephson. The film was copyrighted on September 7, 1929 (Registration No: LP 667) and is therefore in the public domain.

It stars George Arliss, Alice Joyce (in her final film role), Ralph Forbes and H.B. Warner. Arliss and Ivan F. Simpson played the same parts in all three productions, while Joyce reprised her role from the earlier film. Arliss was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance.

Alice Joyce
Alice Joyce Brown (née Joyce; October 1, 1890 – October 9, 1955) was an American actress who appeared in more than 200 films during the 1910s and 1920s. She is known for her roles in the 1923 film The Green Goddess and its 1930 remake of the same name.
78th Searchlight Regiment, Royal Artillery
78th Searchlight Regiment (78th S/L Rgt), was an air defence unit of Britain's Royal Artillery during World War II. It protected the United Kingdom as part of Anti-Aircraft Command from the Blitz of 1940 until 1943.

1st Searchlight Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 1st Searchlight Regiment, Royal Artillery was an air defence unit of the British Army from 1920 until 1954. Originally formed in the Royal Engineers (RE), it was transferred to the Royal Artillery (RA) at the start of World War II. It fought with distinction in the defence of Calais during the Battle of France, in which it was virtually destroyed. Reformed, it helped to protect the cities of South Wales from the Luftwaffe during The Blitz, and later defended the South Coast of England against Fighter bomber and V-1 flying bomb attacks. It went to North West Europe to defend Antwerp during the final stages of the war, and served in the Gibraltar garrison postwar.
Rolando Rodríguez Lobaina
Rolando Rodriguez Lobaina (was born 3 May 1969, in Baracoa, Guantánamo), is a Cuban democracy activist and Journalist.

Lobainais director of the Alternative Studies Center of the Cuban Youth for Democracy Movement, founded by his brother Néstor Rodríguez Lobaina. Lobaina is also head of the Palenque Vision, an independent journalist agency in Oriente Province, Cuba.

Néstor Rodríguez Lobaina
Néstor Rodríguez Lobaina is a Cuban democracy activist. He is the older brother of Rolando Rodríguez Lobaina.

He founded the Alternative Studies Center of the Cuban Youth for Democracy Movement. He was arrested in 1999 when he began a hunger strike in support of the Tamarindo 34 hunger strikers. He was arrested again in 2000 and sentenced to 6 years in prison. Amnesty International recognized him as a prisoner of conscience.

He was released in July 2005. He explained his gratitude to Amnesty International members who helped him.
Carin Koch
Anna Carin Pernilla Hjalmarsson Koch (née Hjalmarsson; born 23 February 1971) is a Swedish professional golfer who previously played on the Ladies European Tour and on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She was captain of the 2015 European Solheim Cup team.

Solheim Cup
The Solheim Cup is a biennial golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States. It is named after the Norwegian-American golf club manufacturer Karsten Solheim, who was a driving force behind its creation.

The inaugural Cup was held in 1990, and the event was first staged in even numbered years until 2002, alternating years with the Ryder Cup (the equivalent men's event).  As part of the general reshuffling of team golf events after the one-year postponement of the 2001 Ryder Cup following the September 11 attacks, the Solheim Cup switched to odd numbered years beginning in 2003. Another reshuffle of team golf events took place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Solheim Cup returned to even numbered years beginning in 2024.

The United States teams have won the cup eleven times, compared with eight for Europe. The current holders are the US, who regained the cup with a 15.5–12.5 win in 2024.
AngelList
AngelList is an American software company for fundraising and connecting startups, angel investors, and limited partners. Founded in 2010, it started as an online introduction board for tech startups that needed seed funding. Since 2015, the site allows startups to raise money from angel investors free of charge. Created by serial entrepreneur Naval Ravikant and Babak Nivi in 2010, Avlok Kohli has been leading AngelList as its CEO since 2019.

Naval Ravikant
Naval Ravikant (born November 5, 1974) is an Indian-born American entrepreneur and investor. He is the co-founder and chairman of AngelList, a platform for startups, investors, and job seekers. He is an angel investor who has made early-stage investments in companies including Uber, Twitter, Postmates, and Yammer.
Ravikant is a recipient of the Edmund Hillary Fellowship. He also co-hosts a podcast with Brett Hall.
Howson Range
The Howson Range is a north–south trending subrange of the Bulkley Ranges of the Hazelton Mountains in northern British Columbia, Canada. It is located southwest of Telkwa Pass and southwest of Smithers. The highest summit in the range is Howson Peak 54 km (34 mi) southwest of Telkwa with an elevation of 2,759 m (9,052 ft).

Bulkley Ranges
The Bulkley Ranges are a mountain range in northern British Columbia, Canada, located between the Skeena and Bulkley Rivers south of Hazelton, north of the Morice River and Zymoetz River. It has an area of 7851 km2 and is a subrange of the Hazelton Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains.
Click of death
Click of death is a term that had become common in the late 1990s referring to the clicking sound in disk storage systems that signals a disk drive has failed, often catastrophically.

The clicking sound itself arises from the unexpected movement of the disk's read/write actuator. At startup, and during use, the disk head must move correctly and be able to confirm that it is correctly tracking data on the disk. If the head fails to move as expected or upon moving cannot track the disk surface correctly, the disk controller may attempt to recover from the error by returning the head to its home position and then retrying, at times causing an audible "click". In some devices, the process automatically retries, causing a repeated or rhythmic clicking sound, sometimes accompanied by the whirring sound of the drive plate spinning.

Zip drive
The Zip drive is a discontinued removable cartridge disk storage system sold by Iomega from 1995 to 2003. Considered medium-to-high-capacity at the time of its release, Zip disks were originally launched with capacities of 100 MB, then 250 MB, and finally 750 MB.

The format became the most popular of the superfloppy products which filled a niche in the late 1990s portable storage market. However, it was never popular enough to replace the standard 3+1⁄2-inch floppy disk. Zip drives fell out of favor for mass portable storage during the early 2000s as CD-RW and USB flash drives became prevalent. The Zip brand later covered internal and external CD writers known as Zip-650 or Zip-CD, despite the dissimilar technology.
Pavel Sheremet
Pavel Grigorievich Sheremet (Russian: Павел Григорьевич Шеремет, Belarusian: Павел Рыгоравіч Шарамет; 28 November 1971 – 20 July 2016) was a Belarusian-born Russian and Ukrainian journalist who was imprisoned by the government of Belarus in 1997, sparking an international incident between Belarus and Russia. The New York Times has described him as "known for his crusading reports about political abuses in Belarus" and "a thorn in the side of Lukashenko's autocratic government". He was awarded the Committee to Protect Journalists' International Press Freedom Award in 1999 and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe's Prize for Journalism and Democracy in 2002.

Pavel Sheremet died in Kyiv on 20 July 2016 in a car explosion. The Ukrainian Prosecutor's Office stated in July 2016 that the explosion was caused by a bomb and labelled the death of Sheremet a murder.

Dzmitry Zavadski
Dmitry Alexandrovich Zavadsky (Russian: Дми́трий Алекса́ндрович Зава́дский)  or Dzmitry Aliaksandravich Zavadski (Belarusian: Дзмітрый Аляксандравіч Завадскі; 28 August 1972 – declared dead 3 December 2003) was a Belarusian journalist who disappeared and was presumably murdered in 2000. Zavadsky worked as journalist and cameraman for Russian Public Television Channel One (ORT). From 1994 to 1997, he was the personal cameraman of Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko.