hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Ia–In)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Me–Mz)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
Now, Voyager
Now, Voyager is a 1942 American drama film starring Bette Davis, Paul Henreid, and Claude Rains, and directed by Irving Rapper. The screenplay by Casey Robinson is based on the 1941 novel of the same name by Olive Higgins Prouty.

Prouty borrowed her title from the Walt Whitman poem "The Untold Want," which reads in its entirety,

The untold want by life and land ne'er granted,
Now, voyager, sail thou forth, to seek and find.

In 2007, Now, Voyager was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant." The film ranks number 23 on AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Passions, a list of the top love stories in American cinema. Film critic Steven Jay Schneider suggests the film continues to be remembered for not only its star power, but also the "emotional crescendos" engendered in the storyline.

Paul Henreid
Paul Henreid (January 10, 1908 – March 29, 1992) was an Austrian-American actor, director, producer, and writer. He is best remembered for several film roles during the Second World War, including Capt. Karl Marsen in Night Train to Munich (1940), Victor Laszlo in Casablanca (1942) and Jerry Durrance in Now, Voyager (1942).
National anthems of Egypt
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady is the current Egyptian national anthem. It was written by Mohamed Younis El-Qadi and composed by Sayed Darwish. It is derived from the words of Mustafa Kamel in one of his most famous speeches in 1907, in which he said: "My Country, my Country, for you is my love and my heart. for you is my life and my existence, for you is my blood, for you is my mind and my tongue, for you is my heart and my soul, for you are life.. and there is no life except with you, O Egypt." It was officially adopted in 1979, and was redistributed by the Egyptian musician Mohamed Abdel Wahab at the direction of the President Anwar El-Sadat.

National anthem of Iraq
Since 2004, Iraq has adopted Mawtini, an Arabic national poem, to serve as the national anthem of Iraq (Arabic: النشيد الوطني العراقي). The poem was adopted by Coalition Provisional Authority Chairman Paul Bremer after the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 to replace the former one of Ardulfurataini.
Arthur Duarte
Arthur Duarte (1895–1982) was a Portuguese actor, screenwriter, production designer  and film director.

Originally beginning his career in cinema as an actor, he played several small roles in Germany, France, Switzerland and Austria.

He made his feature film debut with the 1938 adaptation of Júlio Dinis's novel, Os Fidalgos da Casa Mourisca. However, his most significant achievements came in the comedy genre, with notable works such as O Leão da Estrela and O Costa do Castelo.

He was married to actress Teresa Casal, who participated in several of his films. Their marriage ended in separation during the mid-1950s.

Beyond feature films, his body of work also included short films, documentaries, and advertising productions.

O Costa do Castelo
O Costa do Castelo (lit. The Costa from the Castle) is a Portuguese film comedy from 1943, directed by Arthur Duarte, and starring António Silva, Maria Matos, Curado Ribeiro, Milú, Hermínia Silva, the famous Fado singer, and Teresa Casal. It was produced at Tobis Portuguesa.

It stands as one of the most famous Portuguese comedies of all time.
Tooth resorption
Resorption of the root of the tooth, or root resorption, is the progressive loss of dentin and cementum by the action of odontoclasts. Root resorption is a normal physiological process that occurs in the exfoliation of the primary dentition. However, pathological root resorption occurs in the permanent or secondary dentition and sometimes in the primary dentition.

Cementum
Cementum is a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth. The cementum is the part of the periodontium that attaches the teeth to the alveolar bone by anchoring the periodontal ligament.
Gordon Haskell
Gordon Haskell (27 April 1946 – 15 October 2020) was an English musician and songwriter. A pop, rock, jazz, country and blues vocalist, guitarist, and bassist, he was a school friend of King Crimson guitarist Robert Fripp. The two first worked together in Fripp's mid-1960s teenage group the League of Gentlemen (not to be confused with Fripp's later new wave band).

Haskell gained recognition as bass player for the Fleur de Lys in 1966, and subsequently spent a short period in King Crimson. He sang on the album In the Wake of Poseidon (1970), and sang and played bass on Lizard (also 1970). After leaving King Crimson, Haskell continued as a solo musician, reaching international fame in 2001 with his hit "How Wonderful You Are" and the platinum-selling album Harry's Bar.

In the Wake of Poseidon
In the Wake of Poseidon is the second studio album by English progressive rock group King Crimson, released in May 1970 by Island Records in Europe, Atlantic Records in the United States, Philips Records in Australia, and Vertigo Records in New Zealand. To date the album is their highest-charting in the UK, reaching number 4.

The album was recorded during a period of instability within the band owing to a fluctuating lineup. It follows a musical style and track sequence very similar to their first album, In the Court of the Crimson King. The album was well received by contemporary critics, who commended the overall execution and production quality as an improvement over that of the band's debut, although later assessments have faulted its heavy reliance on the template established by its predecessor.
The Ballad of Wallis Island
The Ballad of Wallis Island is a 2025 British comedy-drama film directed by James Griffiths, produced by Rupert Majendie, and written by Tim Key and Tom Basden. It is based on their 2007 short film The One and Only Herb McGwyer Plays Wallis Island. Basden and Carey Mulligan star as a folk duo who reunite to perform for a wealthy fan (Tim Key) on a remote British island.

The Ballad of Wallis Island premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on 25 January 2025, followed by a limited theatrical release by Focus Features in the United States on 28 March and in the United Kingdom on 30 May 2025.

Tim Key
Timothy Key (born 2 September 1976) is an English poet, comedian, actor and screenwriter. He has performed at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, both as a solo act and as part of the comedy group Cowards, and plays Sidekick Simon in various Alan Partridge film and television projects. In 2009, he won the Edinburgh Comedy Award and was nominated for the Malcolm Hardee Award for Comic Originality.
John Miller (footballer, born 1895)
John Galloway Miller (12 March 1895 – 1956) was a Scottish footballer who played as a forward.

He counted Hamilton Academical, Liverpool (8 English Football League appearances as well as a full season during wartime), Partick Thistle and Aberdeen among his clubs.

His elder brothers Tom (who also played for Hamilton Accies and Liverpool, as well as the Scotland national team), William and Adam were also footballers.

Adam Miller (footballer, born 1887)
Adam Galloway Miller (21 October 1887 – 1972) was a Scottish footballer who played as a left back, primarily for Hamilton Academical.

He played in the 1911 Scottish Cup Final which Accies lost to Celtic after a replay. He also played in the Scottish Football League for St Mirren and Johnstone. At representative level, he was selected for Lanarkshire at both junior and senior grades, and was twice a reserve for the Scottish Football League XI.

Miller had three brothers who were also footballers, all playing for Hamilton Academical at some point: William had a short career, but John had productive spells with Aberdeen and Partick Thistle, while Tom was a regular with Liverpool and was capped three times for Scotland.
Seth Goldman (businessman)
Seth Goldman (born 1965) is an American businessman. He is the former CEO of Honest Tea which he co-founded in 1998 with his former business professor, Barry Nalebuff. Goldman is the executive chairman of Beyond Meat, a plant-based protein company based in El Segundo, California.

Barry Nalebuff
Barry J. Nalebuff (born July 11, 1958) is an American businessman, business theorist, and writer. He is a Milton Steinbach Professor of Management at Yale School of Management and author who specializes in business strategy and game theory. His published books include Thinking Strategically and The Art of Strategy. Nalebuff's class on negotiation has over 67,000 active learners through Coursera and has the second-highest net promoter score on the platform.  He has a semi-regular column in Forbes with Ian Ayres called "Why Not?"

Nalebuff also has multiple entrepreneurial ventures. He was a co-founder of Honest Tea and Kombrewcha. He serves on the board of Q Drinks (started by his former student Jordan Silbert), Calicraft Beer, and AGP Glass.
Comet Hale–Bopp
Comet Hale–Bopp (formally designated C/1995 O1) is a long-period comet that was one of the most widely observed of the 20th century and one of the brightest seen for many decades.

Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp discovered Comet Hale–Bopp separately on July 23, 1995, before it became visible to the naked eye. It is difficult to predict the maximum brightness of new comets with any degree of certainty, but Hale–Bopp exceeded most predictions when it passed perihelion on April 1, 1997, reaching about magnitude −1.8. Its massive nucleus size made it visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months.  This is twice as long as the Great Comet of 1811, the previous record holder. Accordingly, Hale–Bopp was dubbed the Great Comet of 1997.

Alan Hale (astronomer)
Alan Hale (born 1958) is an American professional astronomer who co-discovered Comet Hale–Bopp independently of its other co-discoverer, Thomas Bopp, an amateur astronomer.

Hale specializes in the study of Sun-like stars and the search for extra-solar planetary systems, and has side interests in the fields of comets and near-Earth asteroids. He has been an active astronomer most of his life and currently serves as the president of the Earthrise Institute, which he founded, and which has as its mission the use of astronomy as a tool for breaking down international and intercultural barriers. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has named an asteroid in Hale's honor, 4151 Alanhale, in recognition of his numerous comet observations.
From Saxophone & Trombone
From Saxophone & Trombone is a live album by saxophonist Evan Parker and trombonist George Lewis. It was recorded on May 18, 1980, at the Art Workers' Guild in London, and was initially released on vinyl later that year by Incus Records. In 2002, it was reissued on CD by Parker's Psi label, and in 2023, it was reissued on vinyl in remastered form by Cafe Oto's Otoroku label.

Evan Parker
Evan Shaw Parker (born 5 April 1944) is a British tenor and soprano saxophone player who plays free improvisation.

Recording and performing prolifically with many collaborators, Parker was a pivotal figure in the development of European free jazz and free improvisation. He has pioneered or substantially expanded an array of extended techniques. Critic Ron Wynn describes Parker as "among Europe's most innovative and intriguing saxophonists...his solo sax work isn't for the squeamish."
X1 (band)
X1 (EKS-wun; Korean: 엑스원) was a South Korean boy group formed by CJ ENM through the Mnet reality competition show Produce X 101. The group was composed of eleven members: Kim Yo-han, Kim Woo-seok, Han Seung-woo, Song Hyeong-jun, Cho Seung-youn, Son Dong-pyo, Lee Han-gyul, Nam Do-hyon, Cha Jun-ho, Kang Min-hee, and Lee Eun-sang. The group debuted on August 27, 2019 with the single "Flash" under Swing Entertainment and was co-managed by Stone Music Entertainment.

Initially contracted for five years, the Mnet vote manipulation investigation led to a halt in their activities, and after an unsuccessful negotiation about the group's future between the members' individual agencies, they disbanded on January 6, 2020.

Han Seung-woo
Han Seung-woo (Korean: 한승우, born December 24, 1994), known mononymously as Seungwoo, is a South Korean singer, singer-songwriter, and actor. He debuted as a member of South Korean group Victon in 2016. In 2019, he finished third on Produce X 101 and became a member of X1. He debuted as a solo artist in August 2020 with the extended play Fame.
Joseff Gnagbo
Joseff Oscar Gnagbo (born c. 1974) is an Ivorian–born Welsh activist, teacher, linguist and musician from Cardiff. He was chairman of the Welsh Language Society between 2023 and 2025. Gnagbo came to Wales from the Ivory Coast in 2017 as an asylum seeker, in the midst of the military revolution. He quickly learned the Welsh language and became a Welsh tutor. He became chairman of Cymdeithas yr Iaith in October 2023. He is the first person who was born outside Wales to chair the Association. He was re-elected Chairman of the Association in 2024.

Welsh Language Society
The Welsh Language Society (Welsh: Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg, also often abbreviated to Cymdeithas yr Iaith or just Cymdeithas in English) is a direct action pressure group in Wales campaigning for the right of Welsh people to use the Welsh language in every aspect of their lives. The chair of the Welsh Language Society since October 2023 is Joseff Gnagbo. The organisation has been characterised as Welsh nationalist, and it officially supports Welsh independence.
Taylor Armstrong
Taylor Armstrong (born Shana Lynette Hughes; June 10, 1971) is an American television personality. She is known as an original cast member of the Bravo reality series The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills. In 2022, it was announced that she would join The Real Housewives of Orange County, making her the first American housewife to transfer franchises.

After starring in the show's first three seasons from 2010 until 2013, Armstrong continued to make guest appearances on the Beverly Hills installment between 2013 and 2016. In June 2022, Armstrong starred in the second season of The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip.

The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip
The Real Housewives Ultimate Girls Trip, abbreviated as RHUGT, is an American reality television series that premiered on Peacock on November 16, 2021. The series follows several women from The Real Housewives franchise as they vacation together.
André Beteille
André Beteille (30 September 1934 – 3 February 2026) was an Indian sociologist, writer and academician. He is known for his studies of the caste system in South India. He served with educational institutions in India such as Delhi School of Economics, North Eastern Hill University (in Shillong), and Ashoka University.

Ashoka University
Ashoka University is a private research university located in Sonipat, Haryana, providing a liberal education in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. It was founded in 2014 and is based on the model of collective philanthropy, with 200+ founders across various industries.
Henri Babinski
Henri Babinski (2 July 1855 – 20 August 1931), who wrote under the pen-name Ali-Bab, was a French gastronome and food writer. After a successful career as a mining engineer he retired to his native Paris, where he wrote Gastronomie pratique ("Practical Gastronomy").

Born to Polish refugees, Babinski, together with his younger brother Joseph, was educated at the Polish school in Paris. Babinski then studied at the National School of Mines, before working in three continents as a consultant mining engineer. On retirement he joined his brother in a flat in Paris, where he wrote his book. It was his only book, but such was its success that he revised it for four new editions between its first publication in 1907 and 1928, and it ran to more than a thousand pages.

The book was not translated into English until 1974, when it was hailed in The New York Times as a major contribution to gastronomic literature.

Joseph Babinski
Joseph Jules François Félix Babinski (Polish: Józef Julian Franciszek Feliks Babiński; 17 November 1857 – 29 October 1932) was a French-Polish professor of neurology. He is best known for his 1896 description of the Babinski sign, a pathological plantar reflex indicative of corticospinal tract damage.
Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri
Ḥabīb ibn Maslama al-Fihrī (Arabic: حبيب بن مسلمة الفهري; c. 617–c. 662) was an Arab general during the Early Muslim conquests, under Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan. Habib fought in the Muslim conquest of the Levant and against the Byzantines in Upper Mesopotamia, where he later served as governor. He took part in an expedition against Byzantine-controlled Armenia and was appointed governor of the subdued Armenian territories. Habib was recalled from Armenia to fight the Byzantines in northern Syria.  In the First Fitna he remained loyal to Mu'awiyah and fought with distinction at the Battle of Siffin. After Mu'awiyah became caliph Habib was appointed governor of Armenia and Adharbayjan.

Muslim conquest of Syria
The Muslim conquest of Syria (Arabic: فَتْحُ الشَّام, romanized: Fatḥ al-šām; lit. 'Conquest of Syria'), or the Arab conquest of Syria, was the conquest of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate that took place between 634–638 CE as part of the Arab–Byzantine wars and the wider Muslim conquests.

Clashes between the Muslims and the Byzantines on the southern Levantine borders of the Byzantine Empire had occurred previously during the lifetime of Muhammad, with the Battle of Muʿtah in 629 CE. However, the actual conquest did not begin until 634, two years after Muhammad's death. It was led by the first two Rashidun caliphs who succeeded Muhammad: Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. During this time, Khalid ibn al-Walid was the most important commander of the Rashidun army. In the aftermath of the conquest, Syria was brought under Arab Muslim rule and developed into the provincial region of Bilad al-Sham.
Jhund (film)
Jhund (transl. Herd, unorganised group) is a 2022 Indian Hindi-language biographical sports film based on the life of Vijay Barse, the founder of NGO Slum Soccer. It is produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Sandip Singh, Raaj Hiremath, Savita Hiremath, Nagraj Manjule, Gargee Kulkarni and Meenu Arora under the banner of T-Series, Tandav Films Entertainment Pvt.Ltd and Aatpat Films. The filming began in December 2018 in Nagpur. The film starring Amitabh Bachchan, Akash Thosar, Rinku Rajguru and Ankush Gedam, is written and directed by Nagraj Manjule.

The film was released in theatres on 4 March 2022. It was a flop at the box office.

Nagraj Manjule
Nagraj Popatrao Manjule (born 24 August 1978) is an Indian film director, actor, producer, scriptwriter, poet, screenwriter, and filmmaker. He works in Marathi cinema, and is best known for Sairat and Pistulya—the latter for which he received National Film Award in the National Film Award for Best First Non-Feature Film of a Director. He made his Hindi Cinema debut in 2022, with a film called Jhund, starring Amitabh Bachchan.

At the 61st National Film Awards, Fandry won the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a Director. In 2018, Manjule published a book of poetry in Marathi titled Unhachya Katavirudhha which won the Bhairuratan Damani Sahitya Puraskar. He owns a wrestling team called 'Veer Marathwada' in Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal.
2022 Caspian seal die-off
On 4 December 2022 a mass die-off of Caspian seals (Pusa caspica) in the Caspian Sea was reported. Initially over 140 Caspian seals were found dead on the beaches of Kazakhstan. By 5 December around 2,500 dead Caspian seals have been found on Dagestan's shore. No conclusive cause of the die-off has been established. Dagestan's Ministry of Natural Resources believed the animals had died of "natural factors" and estimated the number of dead seals was likely to be much higher. While Caspian seal is an endangered species, Dagestan's Ministry of Natural Resources said their overall number in the area remained stable, "ranging from 270,000 to 300,000" (while the Caspian Environmental Protection Center put the number at 70,000).

Initially it was reported that 700 dead seals had been found on the shore, but the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Russia later revised the number to about 2,500.

Caspian seal
The Caspian seal (Pusa caspica, syn. Phoca caspica) is one of the smallest members of the earless seal family and unique in that it is found exclusively in the brackish Caspian Sea. It lives along the shorelines, but also on the many rocky islands and floating blocks of ice that dot the Caspian Sea. In winter and cooler parts of the spring and autumn season, it populates the northern Caspian coastline. As the ice melts in the summer and warmer parts of the spring and autumn season, it also occurs in the deltas of the Volga and Ural Rivers, as well as the southern latitudes of the Caspian where the water is cooler due to greater depth.

Evidence suggests that the colonization events of Caspian seals were probably facilitated by river connections from the Arctic that have since disappeared, landlocking the populations sometime before the major Pleistocene glaciations.
Pat Curran (fighter)
Pat Curran (born August 31, 1987) is a  retired American mixed martial artist, and a former two-time Bellator Featherweight World Champion. He is the cousin of World Extreme Cagefighting veteran Jeff Curran and fought primarily with Xtreme Fighting Organization (XFO) before signing with Bellator, where he is the winner of Bellator Season Two Lightweight Tournament and the Bellator 2011 Summer Series. From July 2011 till April 2014 and January 2018 till July 2018, Curran was ranked in the top #10 Featherweights in the world by Fight Matrix, rising to as high as #2 from July 2012 till April 2013.

Justin Lawrence (fighter)
Justin Ray Lawrence (born May 15, 1990) is an American former professional mixed martial artist who used to compete in the Featherweight division of Bellator MMA. A professional MMA competitor since 2010, Lawrence has also formerly competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, the RFA, and was a competitor on FX's The Ultimate Fighter: Live.
Eddie's Million Dollar Cook-Off
Eddie's Million Dollar Cook-Off is a 2003 American comedy television film directed by Paul Hoen, written by Dan Berendsen, and starring Taylor Ball, Orlando Brown, Reiley McClendon, Rose McIver, and Mark L. Taylor. It aired on Disney Channel as one of its Original Movies on July 18, 2003.

Taylor Ball
Taylor Ball (born December 28, 1987) is an American musician and former actor known for his portrayal of Brian Miller in the television sitcom Still Standing and Eddie in Disney's Eddie's Million Dollar Cook-Off. Ball has also appeared on Walker, Texas Ranger. Since 2017, he has been in the band “Tragic Forms”.