hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thick Tower
The Thick Tower (German: Dicker Turm, pronounced [dɪkɐ tʊrm]) erected in 1250 is part of the historic fortification of Görlitz. The 46-metre (151 ft) tall tower is the most massive tower in the city. Its walls in the lower part reach a thickness of 5.34 metres (17.5 ft), thus the name of a thick tower. Apart from it, the Nikolai Tower and the Reichenbach Tower are still preserved. In total, Görlitz had four large watchtowers and defense towers.

Reichenbach Tower (Görlitz)
The Reichenbach Tower (German: Reichenbacher Turm, pronounced [ˈʁaɪçn̩baxɐ ˈtʊʁm]) probably built in the 13th century and first mentioned in 1376 is the western part of the historic fortification of Görlitz. With a height of 51m it is the tallest of the three fortified towers in Görlitz. (the other two being Thick Tower and Nikolai Tower).
Crystola, Colorado
Crystola is an unincorporated community in El Paso and Teller counties, Colorado, United States. ZIP code 80863 serves Crystola, but mail must be addressed to Woodland Park. Crystola is a part of the Colorado Springs, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Colorado Springs metropolitan area
The Colorado Springs, CO, Metropolitan Statistical Area is a United States Office of Management and Budget defined Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) located in the Colorado Springs region of the State of Colorado. The 2020 United States census counted a population of 755,105, an increase of 17.0% since the 2010 United States census. The Colorado Springs MSA is the 79th-most populous MSA in the United States. The Colorado Springs MSA encompasses El Paso County and Teller County, Colorado. Approximately 88.40% percent of the MSA's population live in cities or CDPs. The Colorado Springs Metropolitan Statistical Area is the second-most populous component of the Front Range Urban Corridor.
Mitchell House, Melbourne
Mitchell House is an historic six-storey Streamline Moderne commercial building located at 352-362 Lonsdale Street, on the corner of Elizabeth Street in Melbourne, Australia. It was built in 1937 for the Mitchell Brush Company, and designed by prolific architect Harry Norris.

Harry Norris
Harry Albert Norris (12 June 1888 – 15 December 1966) was an Australian architect based in Melbourne, Victoria. He was especially known for his 1930s Art Deco and Streamline Moderne commercial work in the Melbourne central business district, and was one of the most prolific and successful interwar architects in the city.
Pro-aging trance
Pro-aging trance, also known as pro-aging edifice, is a term coined by British author and biomedical gerontologist Aubrey de Grey to describe the broadly positive and fatalistic attitude toward aging in society.

Societal effects of negligible senescence
The societal effects of negligible senescence consider a scenario where negligible senescence is achieved on a societal wide level in humans. There is much controversy about the realistic timeline of such a scenario. The predictions vary in time starting from 2037 till later than the 21st century. The effects of negligible senescence has a profound impact on economy, climate, demographics and impacts social structures. The baseline scenario ceteris paribus of negligible senescence is more population growth while a larger healthier labor force would spur economic growth.
Williams, Western Australia
Williams is a town located in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 161 kilometres (100 mi) south-southeast of the state capital, Perth along Albany Highway and 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of Narrogin.  The Williams River passes through the town. At the 2016 census, Williams had a population of 411.

Williams River (Western Australia)
The Williams River is one of the two major tributaries of the Murray River in Western Australia, the other being the Hotham River.

It starts between Williams and Narrogin and flows in a general westerly direction before it joins the Hotham River to become the Murray River near Mount Saddleback.

The river has 12 tributaries including Coolakin Gully, Warrening Gully, Junction Brook, Coalling Brook, Jim Went Creek and Fitts Creek.
Fenton Airfield
Fenton Airfield was a World War II military airfield in the Northern Territory of  Australia located at Tipperary Station in what is now the locality of Douglas-Daly and named after Flight Lieutenant Clyde Fenton.

Abandoned since 1945, the site is one of three surviving World War II-era heavy bomber airfields in the Katherine–Darwin region. The airfield is open to the public, and the main runway, taxiways and hardstands are accessible. Remnants of the control tower remain and aircraft wreckage can be found in the area.

Clyde Fenton
Clyde Cornwall Fenton OBE (16 May 1901 – 28 February 1982) was the Northern Territory's first flying doctor. Unlike the other doctors with the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, Fenton was also his own pilot. Fenton was a self-taught pilot, and flew without the aid of any navigation equipment, air charts, and often proper landing strips. He enjoys a particular renown as a unique and dashing Territory character.
Grisedale Pike
Grisedale Pike is a fell in the Lake District, Cumbria, England, situated 4+1⁄2 miles (7 kilometres) west of the town of Keswick in the north-western sector of the national park. At a height of 791 metres (2,595 feet) it is the 40th-highest Wainwright in the Lake District; it also qualifies as a Hewitt, Marilyn and Nuttall. Grisedale Pike presents a striking appearance when viewed from the east, particularly from the vicinity of Keswick. It possesses two subsidiary summits: one unnamed (usually referred to as 'subsidiary summit', situated above Hobcarton Crag); the other Hobcarton End.

Causey Pike
Causey Pike is a fell in the English Lake District. It is situated in the Newlands Valley, 5 kilometres (3 miles) south-west of the town of Keswick. Even though it has a modest height of 637 metres (2,090 ft) it is one of the most distinctive fells when viewed from the Derwent Water and Keswick area due to its distinguishing summit "knobble" which catches the eye. The fell is one of 214 fells described by Alfred Wainwright in his series of Pictorial Guides to the Lakeland Fells: Causey Pike features in Book Six, The North Western Fells.
Highlands, North Carolina
Highlands is an incorporated town in Macon County in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located on a plateau in the southern Appalachian Mountains, within the Nantahala National Forest, it lies mostly in southeastern Macon County and slightly in southwestern Jackson County, in the Highlands and Cashiers Townships, respectively. The permanent population was 1,014 at the 2020 census.

Nantahala National Forest
The Nantahala National Forest (/ˌnæntəˈheɪlə/) is the largest of the four national forests in North Carolina, lying in the mountains and valleys of western North Carolina. The Nantahala is the second wettest region in the Continental US, after the Pacific Northwest and it is part of the Appalachian temperate rainforest. Due to its environmental importance and historical ties with the Cherokee, the forest was officially established on January 29, 1920, by President Woodrow Wilson. The word "Nantahala" is a Cherokee derived word, meaning "Land of the Noonday Sun." In some spots, the sun reaches the floors of the deep gorges of the forest only when it is high overhead at midday. This was part of the homeland of the historic Cherokee and their indigenous ancestors, who have occupied the region for thousands of years.  The Nantahala River runs through it.
Koshare Indian Museum and Dancers
The Koshare Indian Museum is an art and scouting museum in La Junta, Colorado. The building, located on the Otero Junior College campus, is a tri-level museum with an attached kiva that is built with the largest self-supporting log roof in the world. The building was built in 1949.

The museum features works of Pueblo and Plains tribal members.

The museum also facilitates Boy Scouts traveling to Philmont Ranch by providing museum discounts, as well as hostel stays for visiting Boy Scout troops.

For decades, Native American response to the Koshare dance performances has been negative based upon cultural appropriation of indigenous cultures as a form of racial discrimination.

Kiva
A kiva (also estufa) is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" refers to a large, circular, underground room used for spiritual ceremonies and as a place of worship.

Similar subterranean rooms are found among ruins in the Southwestern United States, indicating uses by the ancient peoples of the region, including the ancestral Puebloans, the Mogollon culture, and the Hohokam. Those used by the ancient Pueblos of the Pueblo I period and following, designated by the Pecos Classification system developed by archaeologists, were usually round and evolved from simpler pit-houses. For the Ancestral Puebloans, these rooms are believed to have served a variety of functions, including domestic residence, social, and ceremonial purposes.
Federal Highway (Australia)
Federal Highway is a highway in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. It forms part of a motorway-standard link between Sydney and Canberra, and is also the main thoroughfare between those cities.

The north-eastern end of Federal Highway is located at its junction with Hume Highway near the rural city of Goulburn. It runs 72.7 km (45.2 mi) southwest to Canberra, the national capital of Australia, where its southwestern end is located at the intersection of Northbourne Avenue and Barton Highway. Federal Highway passes the villages of Wollogorang, Collector and Sutton, as well as skirting the western side of the endorheic basin containing Lake George.

Hume Highway
The Hume Highway, including the sections now known as the Hume Freeway and the Hume Motorway, is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways, running for 840 kilometres (520 mi) between Melbourne in the northeast and Sydney in the southwest. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013.

From north to south, the road is called the Hume Highway in metropolitan Sydney, the Hume Motorway between the Cutler Interchange and Berrima, the Hume Highway elsewhere in New South Wales and the Hume Freeway in Victoria. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury–Wodonga and Canberra. It is therefore considered to be Australia's longest highway in terms of its dual-carriageway standard retaining the M, or motorway, alphanumeric.
Carlotta Truman
Carlotta Truman (born 19 October 1999) is a German singer and a finalist in season 3 of Das Supertalent 2009 and The Voice Kids 2014. She represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 as part of the duo Sisters with the song "Sister", after winning the German national selection Unser Lied für Israel.

Das Supertalent
Das Supertalent (Germany's Got Talent, Got Talent Germany) is a German talent show, part of the internationally successful Got Talent franchise, presented by Victoria Swarovski and Knossi. Just like in all other versions of the franchise, auditions take place and the judges review their talent and then later the home audience votes in an election to deem who wins. The prize money is €50,000.
Saint-Laon Church, Thouars
The Saint-Laon Church is a Catholic church in Thouars, Deux-Sèvres France. Originally serving as the abbey church of the Abbey of Saint-Laon, founded in the early 11th century, it has been listed as a historic monument since 1988.

Deux-Sèvres
Deux-Sèvres (French pronunciation: [dø sɛvʁ] ⓘ, Poitevin-Saintongese: Deùs Saevres) is a French department. Deux-Sèvres literally means "two Sèvres": the Sèvre Nantaise and the Sèvre Niortaise are two rivers which have their sources in the department. It had a population of 374,878 in 2019.
Iain Lee
Iain Felix Diamond Lee (born Iain Lee Rougvie; 9 June 1973) is an English broadcaster, writer, and comedian who hosts the phone-in talk show The Late Night Alternative on Patreon.

Lee's career began in the 1990s as a stand-up comedian before he gained nationwide fame as co-host of The 11 O'Clock Show from 1998 to 2000 and the breakfast show RI:SE in 2003. He began a full-time radio career in 2005, hosting mainly talk-based shows on LBC 97.3, Absolute Radio, BBC Three Counties Radio, BBC Radio WM, and talkRADIO, which earned him numerous radio awards. In July 2020, after his contract at talkRADIO was not renewed, Lee launched his Twitch show.

BBC Three Counties Radio
BBC Three Counties Radio is the BBC's local radio station serving the counties of Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios at Grove Park in Dunstable.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 125,000 listeners and a 5.8% share as of December 2023.
Tihomir Franković
Tihomir Franković (born 30 September 1970) is a Croatian rower who won a bronze medal in the eights competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. His teammates were Igor Boraska, Nikša Skelin, Siniša Skelin, Branimir Vujević, Krešimir Čuljak, Tomislav Smoljanović and Igor Francetić.

He was a world record (world's best time) holder, for 20 years, in a coxed pair event set at 1994 World rowing championship.

Igor Francetić
Igor Francetić (born 21 April 1977 in Zagreb) is a Croatian rower who won a bronze medal in the eights competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. His teammates were Igor Boraska, Nikša Skelin, Siniša Skelin, Branimir Vujević, Krešimir Čuljak, Tomislav Smoljanović and Tihomir Franković.
Tabula recta
In cryptography, the tabula recta (from Latin tabula rēcta) is a square table of alphabets, each row of which is made by shifting the previous one to the left. The term was invented by the German author and monk Johannes Trithemius in 1508, and used in his Trithemius cipher.

Johannes Trithemius
Johannes Trithemius (/trɪˈθɛmiəs/; 1 February 1462 – 13 December 1516), born Johann Heidenberg, was a German Benedictine abbot and a polymath who was active in the German Renaissance as a lexicographer, chronicler, cryptographer, and occultist. He is considered the founder of modern cryptography (a claim shared with Leon Battista Alberti) and steganography, as well as the founder of bibliography and literary studies as branches of knowledge. He had considerable influence on the development of early modern and modern occultism. His students included Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa and Paracelsus.
Meg Donnelly
Meg Elizabeth Donnelly (born July 25, 2000) is an American actress. She played Taylor Otto in the ABC sitcom American Housewife (2016–2021), Addison Wells in the Disney Channel film series Zombies (2018–present), and Mary Campbell in the CW television series The Winchesters (2022–2023).

American Housewife
American Housewife is an American television sitcom created and written by Sarah Dunn and executive produced with Aaron Kaplan, Kenny Schwartz, Rick Wiener, and, for the pilot only, Ruben Fleischer. The show, which premiered on ABC on October 11, 2016, is a Kapital Entertainment–ABC Signature co-production.

In May 2021, ABC canceled the series after five seasons and 103 episodes and left on multiple cliffhangers.
Rudy Van Gelder
Rudolph Van Gelder (November 2, 1924 – August 25, 2016) was an American recording engineer who specialized in jazz. Over more than half a century, he recorded several thousand sessions, with musicians including Booker Ervin, John Coltrane, Miles Davis, Thelonious Monk, Sonny Rollins, Jimmy Smith, Art Blakey, Bud Powell, Lee Morgan, Joe Henderson, Freddie Hubbard, Wayne Shorter, Horace Silver, Herbie Hancock, Grant Green, and George Benson. Van Gelder worked with many different record companies, and recorded almost every session on Blue Note Records from 1953 to 1967.

He worked on albums including Coltrane's A Love Supreme, Davis' Walkin', Hancock's Maiden Voyage, Rollins' Saxophone Colossus, and Silver's Song for My Father. Van Gelder is regarded as being one of the most influential engineers in jazz.

Bob Weinstock
Bob Weinstock (October 2, 1928 – January 14, 2006) was an American record producer best known for his label Prestige Records, established in 1949, which was responsible for many significant jazz recordings during his more than two decades operating the firm.
Bibliography of the American frontier
This is an English language bibliography of scholarly books and articles on the American frontier. It is a selection from tens of thousands of titles. See also: Bibliography of the Western United States

The American frontier, also known as the "Old West", popularly known as the "Wild West", encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that began with European colonial settlements in the early 17th century and ended with the admission of the last few contiguous western territories as states in 1912.

Bibliography of the Western United States
Bibliography of the Western United States is a small selection of the most useful books and articles on the Western United States.

See also Bibliography of the American frontier.  Bibliography of California history, Bibliography of Idaho history, Bibliography of Montana history, Bibliography of Oregon history, Bibliography of Wyoming history.
Rhamphophasma
Rhamphophasma is a genus of stick insects in the tribe Clitumnini, erected by Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1893.  Species have been recorded from: China, Vietnam, India, Myanmar and Japan (possibly incomplete).

Clitumninae
The Clitumninae are a sub-family of stick insects in the family Phasmatidae found in Asia (a record for Phobaeticus from Brasil was probably erroneous).  The type genus Clitumnus is now considered a synonym of Ramulus.
Yaichihyōe Kanemitsu
Yaichihyōe Kanemitsu (金光 弥一兵衛, Kanemitsu Yaichihyōe, March 30, 1892 – December 25, 1966) was a judoka who was influential in the development of kosen judo. He is credited with the invention of judo techniques like sankaku-jime and hiza-juji-gatame, which were subsequently incorporated into other disciplines, including sambo, Brazilian jiu jitsu and mixed martial arts. He was also known as the teacher of Yasuichi and Naoichi Ono, who took part in the earlier Brazilian vale tudo scene.

Kosen judo
Kosen judo (高專柔道, Kōsen jūdō) is a variation of the Kodokan judo competitive ruleset that was developed and flourished at the kōtō senmon gakkō (高等専門学校) (kōsen (高專)) technical colleges in Japan in the first half of the twentieth century. Kosen judo's rules allow for greater emphasis of ne-waza (寝技; ground techniques) than typically takes place in competitive judo and it is sometimes regarded as a distinct style of judo.

Currently the term "kosen judo" is frequently used to refer to the competition ruleset associated with it that allows for extended ne-waza. Such competition rules are still used in the Nanatei Jūdō / Shichitei Jūdō (ja:七帝柔道, Seven Emperors Judo) competitions held annually between the seven former Imperial universities. Similarly, there has been a resurgence in interest in Kosen judo in recent years due to its similarities with Brazilian jiu jitsu.
Deborah Carlos-Valencia
Deborah Carlos-Valencia (born 1948 or 1949), sometimes written as Deborah Valencia, is a Filipino social worker, feminist, founder of the Kasapi Union, and co-founder of the Melissa Network, an organization that brings together leaders of the established migrant community in Greece.

Kasapi Union
The Kasapi Union of Filipino Migrant Workers in Greece (Greek: Kasapi Hellas) is a Greek trade union founded in 1986. It advocates for workers' rights and provides social support to Filipino migrants in Greece.
Czechia men's national ice hockey team
The Czech Republic men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of the Czech Republic. Since 2021, the team has been officially known in English as Czechia. It is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in history and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. It is governed by the Czech Ice Hockey Association. The Czech Republic has 85,000 male players officially enrolled in organized hockey (0.8% of its population).

Finland men's national ice hockey team
The Finnish men's national ice hockey team, nicknamed Leijonat / Lejonen ("The Lions" in Finnish and Swedish), is governed by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association. Finland is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in the world and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, the United States, Czechia, Russia, and Sweden.

Finland won the world championship in 2022, their fourth title after 1995, 2011 and 2019. A duo of silver medals (1988, 2006) remained the country's best Olympic result until 2022 when the Finns won their first Olympic gold after defeating Russia. At the Canada/World Cup, their best achievement is a silver medal which they won in 2004.
Meg: A Novel of Deep Terror
Meg: A Novel of Deep Terror is a 1997 science fiction horror novel by American author Steve Alten, and the first in the MEG series of novels. The novel follows the underwater adventures of a Navy deep-sea diver named Jonas Taylor.

In 2018, a film adaptation titled The Meg was released. A revised and expanded version of the novel (also containing the prequel Meg: Origins) was also released to coincide with the film's debut. A graphic novel adaptation was also released in 2019 by Steve Alten, J. S. Earls, and Mike Miller.

Meg: Nightstalkers
Meg: Nightstalkers (known digitally as Meg⁵: Nightstalkers) is a 2016 science fiction horror novel by American author Steve Alten. It is the sequel to Vostok and Meg: Hell's Aquarium, and the fifth book in the MEG series. Continuing the adventures of Jonas Taylor and his family following the cliffhanger ending of the previous novel, as Jonas and his best friend Mac search for two rogue megalodons (megs), while Jonas' son David continues working with the royal prince of Dubai to search for the Liopleurodon that killed his girlfriend, the novel also continues the premise Meg series as being set in the same fictional universe as Alten's The Loch established in the preceding 2015 crossover novel Vostok, with the return of Zachary Wallace. The novel's audiobook was narrated by Keith Szarabajka, with Erik Hollander designing the cover.

A sequel, titled Meg: Generations, was released in 2018.
Raja Venkatappa Naik
Raja Venkatappa Naik (1960 – 25 February 2024) was an Indian politician from Karnataka. He was an MLA from Shorapur Assembly constituency which is reserved for ST community in Yadgir district. He represented Indian National Congress Party and won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election.

He was appointed chairman of the Karnataka State Warehousing Corporation on 26 January 2024.

Shorapur Assembly constituency
Shorapur Assembly constituency is one of the 224 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Karnataka in India.

It is part of Yadgir district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. Raja Venkatappa Naik's son Raja Venugopal Naik was elected in the by-election, caused due to the demise of his father in February 2024.