hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ian Fraser (surgeon)
Sir Ian Fraser FRSE PRCSI PBMA DSO OBE LLD (1901–1999) was a Northern Irish surgeon. He served as president of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in 1954-1956 and was president of the British Medical Association. In the Second World War he was responsible for the implementation of the widespread use of the newly discovered penicillin throughout military hospitals, saving tens of thousands of lives. He was described as "Northern Ireland's best-known surgeon".

He was a lifelong campaigner for the harmonisation of relationships between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

The Sir Ian Fraser Theatre in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, his named in his honour.

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) is a not-for-profit medical professional and educational institution, which is also known as RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences. It was established in 1784 as the national body for the surgical branch of medicine in Ireland, with a role in supervision of training, and as of 2021 provides a broad range of medical education in multiple countries.

RCSI's main campus is situated on St. Stephen's Green and York Street in central Dublin and incorporates schools of medicine, pharmacy and biomolecular sciences, physiotherapy, population health, dentistry and nursing and midwifery.  It offers undergraduate and postgraduate education in a number of healthcare fields.

RCSI was ranked first in the world for SDG3 Good Health and Well-being in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2025.
General Education Union
The General Education Union (Dutch: Algemene Onderwijsbond, AOb) is a trade union representing teachers, lecturers and support staff in education, in the Netherlands.

The union was founded on 1 January 1997, when the General Union of Education Personnel merged with Dutch Association of Teachers.  It affiliated to the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions.  By 1998, it had 72,206 members, and in 2008, this had grown slightly, to 77,943.

At the start of 2020, the union absorbed Vawo, a union for university researchers.

Dutch Association of Teachers
The Dutch Association of Teachers (Dutch: Nederlands Genootschap van Leraren, NGL) was a trade union representing secondary school teachers in the Netherlands.

The union was founded in 1972, when the Dutch Teachers' Association merged with the General Association for Secondary Education, the Christian Association for Secondary and Higher Education, and the Catholic Teachers' Union.  It affiliated to the Centre for Middle and Senior Civil Servants until 1974, then to the Civil Service Centre, and from 1990, to the General Trade Union Federation.  By 1995, it had 21,185 members.  At the start of 1997, it merged with the General Union of Education Personnel, to form the General Education Union.
Ascanio Gesualdo
Ascanio Gesualdo (died 27 January 1638) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Bari (1613–1638), Titular Patriarch of Constantinople (1618–1638), and Apostolic Nuncio to the Emperor (1617–1621).

Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
The Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople was an office established as a result of the Fourth Crusade and its conquest of Constantinople in 1204. It was a Catholic replacement for the Eastern Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and remained in the city until the reconquest of Constantinople by the Byzantines in 1261, whereupon it became a titular see with only ceremonial powers. The St. Peter's Basilica was the patriarchium, or papal major basilica assigned to the Patriarch of Constantinople, where he officiated when visiting Rome. The office was abolished in 1964.
Ribes spicatum
Ribes spicatum, the downy currant or Nordic currant, is a species of shrub in the family Grossulariaceae, native to northern Europe and northern Asia. Its bright red berries are edible and quite good‑tasting. It can be differentiated from the more common redcurrant (Ribes rubrum) not so much by its leaf hairs, as these tend to fall off as the leaf ages, but by other characteristics: the leaves of R. spicatum are a duller and darker green than R. rubrum with its paler yellowish‑green leaves. R. spicatum holds its leaves at a right angle to the stem, whereas R. rubrum leaves are less erect, markedly distinguishing the overall form of the bushes. R. spicatum has green petioles, but R. rubrum petioles are more orange‑ish.

Redcurrant
The redcurrant or red currant (Ribes rubrum) is a member of the genus Ribes in the family Grossulariaceae. It is native to western Europe. The species is widely cultivated and has escaped into the wild in many regions.
Hemisphaerius
Hemisphaerius is a genus of bugs in the family Issidae and tribe Hemisphaeriini.  Species resemble the closely related Gergithus: but are differentiated in this genus by the size of the frons and shorter legs.

Gergithus
Gergithus is a genus of tropical Asian planthoppers in the family Issidae, erected by Carl Stål in 1870. Like all planthoppers, adults feed on plant sap and are capable of escaping by leaping. The genus like other members in the tribe appears somewhat rounded and beetle-like, in some cases, with a mimetic resemblance to ladybird beetles. Species are mostly  distributed in the Indomalayan Realm.
Elise Neal
Elise Demetria Neal (born March 14, 1966) is an American actress known for her work in television and film. She rose to prominence in 1997 with roles in Rosewood, Money Talks, and Scream 2. She later starred as Yvonne Hughley in the ABC/UPN sitcom The Hughleys (1998–2002), earning two NAACP Image Award nominations for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series. Her notable film credits include Restaurant (1998), Mission to Mars (2000), and Logan (2017). For her performance in Hustle & Flow (2005), she received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture.

Restaurant (1998 film)
Restaurant is a 1998 American independent drama film written by Tom Cudworth and directed by Eric Bross. The film stars Adrien Brody, Elise Neal, Catherine Kellner and Malcolm-Jamal Warner, with supporting appearances by Simon Baker and Lauryn Hill.  Restaurant premiered at the Los Angeles Independent Film Festival on April 17, 1998, and earned Adrien Brody an Independent Spirit Award nomination. Set in Hoboken, New Jersey, the film is a romantic dramedy that follows a group of young waiters chasing big dreams, with limited opportunities for success.
Polish proverbs
Tens of thousands of Polish proverbs exist; many have origins in the Middle Ages. The oldest known Polish proverb dates to 1407. A number of scholarly studies of Polish proverbs (paremiology) exist; and Polish proverbs have been collected in numerous dictionaries and similar works from the 17th century onward. Studies in Polish paremiology have begun in the 19th century. The largest and most reputable collection of Polish proverbs to date, edited by Julian Krzyżanowski, was published in 1970s.

Julian Krzyżanowski
Julian Krzyżanowski (4 July 1892 – 19 May 1976) was a Polish literature and folklore scholar, best known for his study of Polish proverbs. Participant of the Warsaw Uprising. Professor at the Warsaw University and others. Recipient of Order of Polonia Restituta. He has been recognized as one of the most significant contributors to the field of Polish paremiology after World War II.

In 1964 he was one of the signatories of the Letter of 34 to Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz regarding freedom of culture.
Peanut sauce
Peanut sauce, satay sauce (saté sauce), bumbu kacang, sambal kacang, or pecel is a sauce made from ground roasted or fried peanuts, widely used in Indonesian cuisine and many other dishes throughout the world.

Peanut sauce is used with meat and vegetables, with grilled skewered meat, such as satay, poured over vegetables as salad dressing such as in gado-gado, or as a dipping sauce.

Gado-gado
Gado-gado (Indonesian or Betawi) is an Indonesian salad of raw, slightly boiled, blanched or steamed vegetables and hard-boiled eggs, boiled potato, fried tofu and tempeh, and sliced lontong (compressed cylinder rice cake wrapped in a banana leaf), served with a peanut sauce dressing.

In 2018, gado-gado was promoted as one of five national dishes of Indonesia; the others are soto, sate, nasi goreng, and rendang.
Mahesh Narayanan
Mahesh Narayanan (born 2 May 1982) is an Indian film director, screenwriter, editor and cinematographer who predominantly works in Malayalam cinema, he has also worked in Tamil and Hindi films. He is a recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Debut Director (2017) and Kerala State Film Award for Best Director (2022).

He is best known for his editing in Vishwaroopam and Vishwaroopam II, directed by Kamal Haasan. His best works as a director include Take Off (2017) C U Soon (2020) Malik (2021) and Ariyippu (2022)

C U Soon
C U Soon (stylized as c u soon.) is a 2020 Malayalam-language Indian screenlife mystery thriller film written and directed by Mahesh Narayanan. The film is set in a computer screen and stars Fahadh Faasil, Roshan Mathew and Darshana Rajendran, with Saiju Kurup, Amalda Liz and Maala Parvathi in supporting roles. Produced by Fahadh Faasil and Nazriya Nazim, the film was released on 1 September 2020 on Amazon Prime Video.

The film was shot on an iPhone. Upon its OTT release, it received positive reviews from the critics. It is India's first screenlife film. The making of the film is similar to the American film Searching (2018).
Challenge Records (1950s–1960s label)
Challenge Records was founded in Los Angeles in 1957 by cowboy singer Gene Autry and former Columbia Records A&R representative Joe Johnson.  Autry's involvement with the label was short-lived as he sold his interest to the remaining partners in October 1958.

The label's first success came with instrumental group the Champs, who had their biggest hit in 1958 with "Tequila", a Latin-flavored Rock and roll instrumental song written by Daniel "Danny" Flores and recorded by the Champs themselves. "Tequila" became a No. 1 hit on both the pop and R&B charts at the time of its release and continues to be strongly referenced in pop culture to this day.

Tequila (The Champs song)
"Tequila" is a 1958 Latin-inspired instrumental song written by Chuck Rio and recorded by American rock and roll band The Champs. It became a No. 1 hit on both the pop and R&B charts at the time of its release and continues to be strongly referenced in pop culture to this day.

In 1958, "Tequila" won a Grammy for Best Rhythm & Blues Performance at the 1st Annual Grammy Awards. In 2001, it was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Santa Margherita Ligure
Santa Margherita Ligure (Italian: [ˈsanta marɡeˈriːta ˈliːɡure]; Ligurian: Santa Margàita [ˈsaŋta maɾˈɡajta]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region of Liguria, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Genoa, in the area traditionally known as Tigullio. It has a port, used for both tourism and fishing activities. Part of comune territory is included in the Regional Natural Park of Portofino. Santa Margherita Ligure borders the municipalities of  Camogli, Portofino, and Rapallo.

Portofino
Portofino (Italian pronunciation: [ˌpɔrtoˈfiːno]; Ligurian: Portofin [ˌpɔɾtuˈfiŋ]) is a comune located in the Metropolitan City of Genoa on the Italian Riviera. The town is clustered around its small harbour, and is known for the colourfully painted buildings that line the shore. Since the late 19th century, Portofino has attracted tourism of the European aristocracy and it is now a resort for the world's jet set.
W. F. Grimes
William Francis Grimes CBE (known as Peter; 31 October 1905 – 25 December 1988) was a Welsh archaeologist.  He devoted his career to the archaeology of London and the prehistory of Wales.  He was appointed a CBE in 1955.

Audrey Williams (archaeologist)
Audrey Williams (née Davies; 1902–1978) was a Welsh archaeologist. She was the first woman president of the Royal Institution of South Wales (RISW) and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. She worked on several notable excavations during the mid-20th century in Wales, London and south-east England, including the Gower Peninsula, Verulamium and the Temple of Mithras in London.
Alton, New Hampshire
Alton is a town in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States.  The population was 5,894 at the 2020 census, up from 5,250 at the 2010 census. It is home to Alton Bay State Forest and Mount Major State Forest.

The primary settlement in town, where 499 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Alton census-designated place (CDP) and is centered on the intersection of New Hampshire Route 11 and New Hampshire Route 140. The town also includes the village of Alton Bay, a long-time resort located beside Lake Winnipesaukee.

Lake Winnipesaukee
Lake Winnipesaukee (/ˌwɪnɪpəˈsɔːki/) is the largest lake in the U.S. state of New Hampshire, located in the Lakes Region at the foothills of the White Mountains. It is approximately 21 miles (34 km) long (northwest-southeast) and from 1 to 9 miles (1.6 to 14.5 km) wide (northeast-southwest), covering 69 square miles (179 km2)—71 square miles (184 km2) when Paugus Bay is included—with a maximum depth of 180 feet (55 m). The center area of the lake is called The Broads.: 31

The lake contains at least 264 islands, half of which are less than 0.25 acres (0.10 ha) in size, and is indented by several peninsulas, yielding a total shoreline of approximately 288 miles (463 km). The driving distance around the lake is 63 miles (101 km). It is 504 feet (154 m) above sea level. Winnipesaukee is the third-largest lake in New England after Lake Champlain and Moosehead Lake.

Outflow is regulated by the Lakeport Dam in Lakeport, New Hampshire, on the Winnipesaukee River.
Longfellow, Minneapolis
Longfellow, also referred to as Greater Longfellow is a defined community in Minneapolis, Minnesota which includes five smaller neighborhoods inside of it: Seward, Cooper, Hiawatha, Howe and Longfellow. The community is a mix of agri-industrial properties along the old Northern Pacific Railway, expansive parkland surrounding the famous Minnehaha Falls, and smaller residential areas.

Hiawatha, Minneapolis
Hiawatha is a neighborhood within the larger Longfellow community in Minneapolis. It is bordered by 40th Street to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, 54th Street East to the south, and Hiawatha Avenue to the west. Its neighbors are Howe to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, Minnehaha Park and the Minnehaha neighborhood to the south, and Ericsson and Standish to the west.

Hiawatha is in City Council Ward 12, represented by Aurin Chowdhury.
44°55′12″N 93°12′38″W﻿ / ﻿44.9200°N 93.2106°W﻿ / 44.9200; -93.2106
Touching Evil
Touching Evil is a British television drama serial following the exploits of a crack squad on the Organised & Serial Crime Unit, a rapid response police force that serves the entire country.

The serial was produced by United Productions for Anglia Television, and screened on the ITV network in 1997. It was created by Paul Abbott. The first season consists of six 50-minute (one-hour with advertisements) episodes written by Abbott with Russell T Davies. The popularity of the serial led to two sequel serials in 1998 and 1999, although not written by Abbott or Davies. The first episode aired on 29 April 1997, and the last on 6 June 1999, after 16 episodes and 3 series.

The serial stars Robson Green as D.I. Dave Creegan, with Nicola Walker co-starring as his colleague D.I. Susan Taylor. The third series was co-produced by Green's own independent production company Coastal Productions.

Nicola Walker
Nicola Jane Walker (born 15 May 1970) is an English actress, known for her starring roles in various British television programmes from the 1990s onwards, including that of Ruth Evershed in the spy drama Spooks (2003–2006 and 2009–2011), DCI Cassie Stuart in Unforgotten (2015–2021) and Hannah Stern in The Split (2018–2024). She has also worked in theatre, radio and film. She won the 2013 Olivier Award for Best Supporting Actress for the play The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time and was twice nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Supporting Actress for the BBC drama Last Tango in Halifax.

Her voice roles include Doctor Who companion Liv Chenka in various Big Finish audio plays (2011–present) and Eleanor Peck in The Lovecraft Investigations (2019–2023).
Oh My Ghost Clients
Oh My Ghost Clients (Korean: 노무사 노무진) is a 2025 South Korean fantasy action comedy television series starring Jung Kyung-ho, Seol In-ah, and Cha Hak-yeon. It aired on MBC TV from May 30, to June 28, 2025, every Friday and Saturday at 21:50 (KST). It is also streaming on Viu simultaneously in selected regions.

Jung Kyung-ho
Jung Kyung-ho (Korean: 정경호; born August 31, 1983) is a South Korean actor. He first gained recognition for starring in the television series Missing Nine (2017), Prison Playbook (2017–2018), and Life on Mars (2018) before gaining prominence with the first and second seasons of Hospital Playlist (2020–2021). Since then, he has starred in the series Crash Course in Romance (2023) and Oh My Ghost Clients (2025).
Capitólio rockfall
On 8 January 2022, a rockfall occurred in a canyon of Furnas Lake in Capitólio, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A cliff face collapsed onto tourist pleasure boats on the lake, killing 10 people and leaving 32 others injured.

Capitólio
Capitólio is a Brazilian municipality located in the southwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 8,663 people living in a total area of 522 km2. The city belongs to the meso-region of Sul e Sudoeste de Minas and to the micro-region of Passos.

The slogan for the city is "Queen of the Lakes", in reference to its proximity to the Furnas reservoir.  With the flooding of the lake, part of the old town of Capitólio was submerged.  When the water drops by more than 10 meters the old church of the ruins of the town of Guapé can be seen.
E. P. Thompson
Edward Palmer Thompson (3 February 1924 – 28 August 1993) was an English historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner. He is best known for his historical work on the radical movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, in particular The Making of the English Working Class (1963).

In 1966, Thompson coined the term "history from below" to describe his approach to social history, which became one of the most consequential developments within the global history discipline. History from below arose from the Communist Party Historians Group and its work to popularise historical materialism. Thompson's work is considered by some to have been among the most important contributions to social history in the latter twentieth-century, with a global impact, including on scholarship in Asia and Africa. In a 2011 poll by History Today magazine, he was named the second most important historian of the previous 60 years, behind only Fernand Braudel.

Perry Anderson
Francis Rory Peregrine "Perry" Anderson (born 11 September 1938) is a British intellectual, political philosopher, historian and essayist. His work ranges across historical sociology, intellectual history, and cultural analysis. Anderson's early work was more theoretical, concerned with working out problems in historical materialism. His mature work is marked by a concern with biographies and national histories.

Anderson is perhaps best known as the moving force behind the New Left Review. He is Professor of History and Sociology at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Anderson has written many books, most recently Different Speeds, Same Furies: Powell, Proust and other Literary Forms and Disputing Disaster: A Sextet on the Great War. He is the brother of political scientist Benedict Anderson (1936–2015).
Schanulleke
Schanulleke is a Flemish comic book character, originally named 'Schalulleke' and then 'Schabolleke', who originated in the Belgian comics series Suske en Wiske. In the series she is Wiske's beloved rag doll. Between 1986 and 1993 Schanulleke received her own spin-off series. The character's name in English is Molly, Sawdust or Muffin.

Spike and Suzy
Spike and Suzy (British title), Willy and Wanda (American title) or Luke and Lucy (in a 2009 film and video game) (Dutch: Suske en Wiske; French: Bob et Bobette) is a Belgian comics series created by the comics author Willy Vandersteen.

It was first published in De Nieuwe Standaard in 1945 and soon became popular. Although not in its earliest form, the strip soon adapted the Ligne claire style, pioneered by Hergé. This change took place when the strip became serialised in Hergé's magazine Tintin from 1948 to 1959.

The books revolve around the adventures of the eponymous Spike and Suzy, two children (pre-adolescent or adolescent depending on the album), along with their friends and family. The stories combine elements of comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, such as talking animals, time travel and ghosts. The strip still runs daily in the Belgian newspaper De Standaard, and new books continue to be published; as of May 2020, 382 albums have been published.
Yamaha YM2612
The YM2612, a.k.a. OPN2, is a sound chip developed by Yamaha. It is a member of Yamaha's OPN family of FM synthesis chips, and was developed as a stripped-down version of the YM2608.

The YM2612 is a six-channel FM synthesizer used in several game and computer systems, most notably in Sega's Mega Drive/Genesis video game console as well as Fujitsu's FM Towns computer series. It was also available in CMOS form as the YM3438, a.k.a. OPN2C.

As with the YM3438, it was used by Sega in various arcade game systems, including the Mega-Play, Sega System C and Sega System 32; the YM3438 core was also integrated into an ASIC in later revisions of the Mega Drive/Genesis.

Frequency modulation synthesis
Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of sound synthesis whereby the frequency of a waveform is changed by modulating its frequency with a modulator. The (instantaneous) frequency of an oscillator is altered in accordance with the amplitude of a modulating signal.

FM synthesis can create both harmonic and inharmonic sounds. To synthesize harmonic sounds, the modulating signal must have a harmonic relationship to the original carrier signal. As the amount of frequency modulation increases, the sound grows progressively complex. Through the use of modulators with frequencies that are non-integer multiples of the carrier signal (i.e. inharmonic), inharmonic bell-like and percussive spectra can be created.

FM synthesis using analog oscillators may result in pitch instability. However, FM synthesis can also be implemented digitally, which is more stable and became standard practice.
The Case of Doctor Laurent
The Case of Doctor Laurent (French: Le cas du Docteur Laurent) is a 1957 French drama film directed by Jean-Paul Le Chanois and starring Jean Gabin, Nicole Courcel and Silvia Monfort.  Upon release in the United States, The film was condemned by the Catholic Church in the Advocate a publication of the Archdiocese of Newark.

It was made at the Photosonor Studios in Courbevoie on the outskirts of Paris with location shooting taking place around Saint-Martin-Vésubie and Venanson in the French Alps. The film's sets were designed by the art director Serge Piménoff.

Silvia Monfort
Silvia Monfort (French pronunciation: [silvja mɔ̃fɔʁ]; born Simone Marguerite Favre-Bertin French pronunciation: [simɔn maʁɡəʁit favʁ bɛʁtɛ̃]; 6 June 1923 – 30 March 1991) was a French stage and film actress, theatre director, and cultural organizer. She was noted for her performances in classical tragedy, her leadership in establishing multidisciplinary theatrical institutions, and her recognition with national honours.

She was named a Knight of the Legion of Honour in 1973, an Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in 1979, and a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in 1983. She died of lung cancer in 1991 and was buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.

She was the daughter of medalist Charles-Maurice Favre-Bertin and was married to Pierre Gruneberg.