hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1945 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 1945 included the first regular election conducted in three years and a strong response to criticism of the slow pace of honors.  The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) voted by mail to select from recent players, and elected no one. The Old Timers Committee responded by electing the biggest class yet, ten people. The selections by the Committee, announced in April 1945, were: Roger Bresnahan, Dan Brouthers, Fred Clarke, Jimmy Collins, Ed Delahanty, Hugh Duffy, Hughie Jennings, King Kelly, Jim O'Rourke, and Wilbert Robinson.

After the baseball centennial and grand opening of the Hall of Fame in 1939, the BBWAA had determined to vote only every third year. After electing three players that year, it elected one in 1942 and none in 1945. New rules now provided that the writers would return to voting on recent players annually.

Wilbert Robinson
Wilbert Robinson (June 29, 1864 – August 8, 1934), nicknamed "Uncle Robbie", was an American catcher, coach and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB).  He played in MLB for the Philadelphia Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, and St. Louis Cardinals. He managed the Orioles and Brooklyn Robins. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945.
Tinglong Dai
Tinglong Dai is the Bernard T. Ferrari Professor of Business and Professor of Operations Management and Business Analytics at the Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, with expertise in the areas of healthcare analytics, global supply chains, the interfaces between marketing and operations, and human–AI interaction. Dai's research primarily examines the health care ecosystem using analytics approaches, with a focus on behavioral, incentive, and policy issues related to healthcare operations management.

In particular, he has worked extensively on the analysis and design of vaccine supply chains, including influenza vaccine contracting, COVID-19 vaccination, and next-generation vaccine manufacturing. He is considered "one of the nation's foremost experts on vaccine distribution."

Carey Business School
The Johns Hopkins Carey Business School is the graduate business school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. It was established in 2007 and offers full-time and part-time programs leading to the Master of Business Administration (MBA) and Master of Science (MS) degrees.

The business school is named after James Carey (1751–1834), a relative of Johns Hopkins. In 2006, sixth-generation descendant William P. Carey, through the W. P. Carey Foundation, donated $50 million to the Johns Hopkins University, contributing to the establishment of the Carey Business School in 2007.
Chino 'Fats' Williams
Chino 'Fats' Williams (July 26, 1933 – April 5, 2000) was an American actor.

Williams was best known for such films and television series as The Terminator, Action Jackson, Road House, Rocky III, Weird Science, Iron Eagle, Storyville, House Party, and Baretta.

Chino Williams' last film appearance was the 1996 film Killin' Me Softly. Williams died at the age of 66 due to complications from kidney failure that had occurred years earlier.

Storyville (film)
Storyville is a 1992 American Southern Gothic film directed by Mark Frost, and starring James Spader, Joanne Whalley and Jason Robards. The film takes its name from the historic Storyville red-light district of New Orleans.
Niall McGarry
Niall McGarry is an Irish entrepreneur who was the owner and founder of JOE.ie and Her.ie, male and female-focused websites in Ireland. Both websites fell under the banner of Maximum Media, the umbrella company founded by McGarry, who owned and ran both sites.

McGarry attended St. Gerald's College in Castlebar, County Mayo. He then studied at Limerick Institute of Technology with rugby union player Jerry Flannery.
After graduating in 2002 with a degree in Marketing Management, McGarry worked for just over a year in advertising sales for a Galway Independent in Galway City.

Joe (website)
JOE (JOE.ie and JOE.co.uk) is a millennial-focused distributed social media publisher in Ireland and the United Kingdom, with over 2 million unique visitors per month. It is owned by Greencastle Media Group, which is itself owned by David Sefton, John Quinlan and Paul O'Donohoe.
White sturgeon
White sturgeon (Sinosturio transmontanus) is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae of the order Acipenseriformes. They are an anadromous (migratory) fish species ranging in the Eastern Pacific; from the Gulf of Alaska to Monterey, California. However, some are landlocked in British Columbia, the Fraser River and Columbia River, Montana, Snake River, and Clearwater River in Idaho, and Lake Shasta in California, with reported sightings in northern Baja California, Mexico.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
Head Control System
Head Control System is a cross-national rock/metal band featuring portuguese Daniel Cardoso (ex-Anathema, ex-Sirius and ex-Re:aktor) and Norwegian Kristoffer Rygg (of Ulver and ex-Arcturus and ex-Borknagar). Head Control System is currently part of North-American The End Records' roster along with bands such as Voivod, The Gathering, Sleepytime Gorilla Museum and Ulver. The band's debut album, Murder Nature, was released on April 4, 2006.

Kristoffer Rygg
Kristoffer Rygg (born 9 September 1976), also known as Garm, Trickster G. Rex and God Head, is a Norwegian vocalist, musician and producer known primarily for his work with Ulver, Arcturus, and Borknagar.
Velankanni
Velankanni (Vēḷāṅkaṇṇi), is a Special Grade Panchayat Town in Nagapattinam district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It lies on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal, 350 km south of Chennai (Madras), 12 km south of Nagapattinam, and 33 km southeast of Thiruvarur.

A canal built to link this town with Vedaranyam still lies to the west. The Vellayar, a minor branch of the Cauvery River, runs south of the town and discharges into the sea. The town was among the worst hit by the tsunami caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.

The town is home to one of the most visited Latin Catholic shrines called the Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health.

Velankanni has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for the Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) scheme of the Government of India.

Nagapattinam district
Nagapattinam district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. Nagapattinam district was carved out by bifurcating the erstwhile composite Thanjavur district on 19 October 1991. The town of Nagapattinam is the district headquarters.

Until Mayiladuthurai district was created out of it on 24 March 2020, Nagapattinam was the only discontiguous district in Tamil Nadu.
Peter Mosses
Peter David Mosses (born 1948) is a British computer scientist.

Peter Mosses studied mathematics as an undergraduate at Trinity College, Oxford, and went on to undertake a DPhil supervised by Christopher Strachey in the Programming Research Group while at Wolfson College, Oxford in the early 1970s. He was the last student to submit his thesis under Strachey before Strachey's death.

In 1978, Mosses published his compiler-compiler, the Semantic Implementation System (SIS), which uses a denotational semantics description of the input language.

Mosses has spent most of his career at BRICS in Denmark. He returned to a chair at Swansea University, Wales. His main contribution has been in the area of formal program semantics. In particular, with David Watt he developed action semantics, a combination of denotational, operational and algebraic semantics.

Currently, Mosses is a visitor at TU Delft, working with the Programming Languages Group.

David Watt (computer scientist)
David Anthony Watt (born 5 November 1946) is a British computer scientist.

Watt is a professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland. With Peter Mosses he developed action semantics, a combination of denotational semantics, operational and algebraic semantics. He currently teaches a third year programming languages course, and a postgraduate course on algorithms and data structures. He is recognisable around campus for his more formal attire compared to the department's normally casual dress code.
The Sports
The Sports were an Australian rock group which performed and recorded between 1976 and 1981. Mainstay members were Stephen Cummings on lead vocals and Robert Glover on bass guitar, with long-term members such as Paul Hitchins on drums, Andrew Pendlebury on lead guitar and vocals, and Martin Armiger on guitar. Their style was similar to both 1970s British pub rock bands (such as Brinsley Schwarz) and British new wave (such as Elvis Costello). The Sports' top forty singles are "Who Listens to the Radio", "Don't Throw Stones", "Strangers on a Train" and "How Come" . Their top 20 releases on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart are Don't Throw Stones (February 1979), Suddenly (March 1980) and Sondra (May 1981).

In October 2010 Don't Throw Stones was listed in the book, 100 Best Australian Albums.

Andrew Pendlebury
Andrew Scott Pendlebury (born 1952) is an Australian guitarist-songwriter. From 1977 to 1981 was a member of The Sports and from 1986 to 1988 he joined Slaughtermen. He has undertaken other projects and issued four solo albums. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1993, Pendlebury's solo work, Don't Hold Back That Feeling, won the ARIA Award for Best Adult Contemporary Album. From 2003 he has been a member of The Mercurials.
Giuseppe Tarantino
Giuseppe Tarantino (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe taranˈtino]; Gravina in Puglia, 22 July 1857 – Gravina in Puglia, 25 January 1950) was an Italian philosopher, professor of moral philosophy and pedagogy and rector at the University of Pisa, Italy.

Gravina in Puglia
Gravina in Puglia (Italian: [ɡraˈviːna im ˈpuʎʎa]; Barese: Gravéine [ɡraˈviːnə, ɡraˈvejnə]; Latin: Silvium; Ancient Greek: Σιλούϊον, romanized: Siloúïon) is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, southern Italy.

The word gravina comes from the Latin grava or from the messapic graba, with the meaning of rock, shaft and erosion of bank river. Other words that share the same root are grava, gravaglione and gravinelle. Alternatively, when the emperor Frederick II went to Gravina, because of the large extension of the lands and for the presence of wheat, he decided to give to it the motto Grana dat et vina, that is to say It offers wheat and wine. Gravina is the home of the Alta Murgia National Park.

Gravina in Puglia is a member of Cittaslow.
Scrawl (film)
Scrawl is a 2015 independent British supernatural horror-thriller film written and directed by Peter Hearn, and produced by Annabelle Le Gresley and Hearn. It stars Liam Hughes, Joe Daly, Daisy Ridley, Mark Forester Evans, Le Gresley, Nathalie Pownall, Catherine Ruddick, Ellie Selwood and Derek Jones.  It tells the story of two best friends, Simon and Joe, who must rewrite the happenings from the comic book, Scrawl, after realising that the events occurred from the comic are beginning to happen. It is also Ridley's film debut, being shot just before Star Wars: The Force Awakens. It was released digitally on 11 June 2019 to negative reviews.

Daisy Ridley
Daisy Jazz Isobel Ridley (born 10 April 1992) is an English actress. She rose to prominence for her role as Rey in the Star Wars sequel trilogy from 2015 until 2019. Following the Star Wars films, Ridley appeared in the mystery film Murder on the Orient Express (2017), and played Ophelia in the romantic drama Ophelia (2018). She had voice roles in the animated film Peter Rabbit (2018) and the video game Twelve Minutes (2021). She subsequently had leading roles in the science-fiction film Chaos Walking (2021), the independent drama Sometimes I Think About Dying (2023), and the psychological thriller The Marsh King's Daughter (2023). She also portrayed Gertrude Ederle in the biographical drama Young Woman and the Sea (2024).
Robert Burnes
Robert Burnes or Robert Burness (1719 – 3 January 1789) was a paternal uncle of the poet Robert Burns. He left the family farm of Clochnahill or Clokenhill in Kincardineshire with his younger brother William Burnes, and found work at the Lochridge or Lochrig limestone quarries and lime kilns that lay near Byrehill Farm near Stewarton. He was a teacher, a gardener later in life and a land steward on the nearby Robertland Estate, possibly through the influence of his nephew. Robert Burns referred to his him as Poor Uncle Robert upon his death in 1789.

Stewarton
Stewarton (Scots: Stewartoun, Scottish Gaelic: Baile nan Stiùbhartach) is a town in East Ayrshire, Scotland. In comparison to the neighbouring towns of Kilmaurs, Fenwick, Dunlop and Lugton, it is a relatively large town, with a population estimated at over 7,400. It is 300 feet (90 metres) above sea level. The town is served by Stewarton railway station.

Stewarton lies within Strathannick, with the Annick Water flowing through the town. The community is in a rural part of East Ayrshire, about 6 miles (10 kilometres) north of Kilmarnock and to the East of Irvine. In the past, Stewarton served as a crossroads between the traditional routes from Kilmarnock, Irvine and Ayr to the city of Glasgow. However, in recent times, the M77 motorway has bypassed the town. The old road is known as the "Auld Glesga Road" (Or the "Old Glasgow Road") and the former name is still used by locals.
Ouanga (film)
Ouanga, also advertised as The Love Wanga, is a voodoo-themed 1936 American film starring Fredi Washington. George Terwilliger wrote and directed the film. The film's themes include miscegenation and it features various racial stereotypes and portrays the people who practice voodoo as primitive. The movie is considered to be perhaps the second zombie film ever made after White Zombie.

Fredi Washington
Fredericka Carolyn "Fredi" Washington (December 23, 1903 – June 28, 1994) was an American stage and film actress, civil rights activist, performer, and writer. Washington was of African American descent and was one of the first Black Americans to gain recognition for film and stage work in the 1920s and 1930s.

Washington was active in the Harlem Renaissance (1920s–1930s). Her best-known film role was as Peola in Imitation of Life (1934), where she played a young light-skinned Black woman who decides to pass as white. Her last film role was in One Mile from Heaven (1937). After that, she left Hollywood and returned to New York to work in theatre and civil rights activism.
Colby Covington
Colby Ray Covington (born February 22, 1988) is an American professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former Interim UFC Welterweight Champion. As of February 24, 2026, he is #13 in the UFC welterweight rankings.

Tyron Woodley
Tyron Lakent Woodley (born April 7, 1982) is an American professional mixed martial artist and professional boxer. He is a former UFC Welterweight Champion who defended his title four times. A professional since 2009, Woodley also competed at Strikeforce and was an NCAA Division I collegiate wrestler for the Missouri Tigers, becoming a two-time All-American and Big 12 Conference champion.
Minimum en route altitude
Minimum en route altitude (MEA), alternately spelled as Minimum enroute altitude, is the lowest published altitude between radio navigation fixes that assures acceptable navigational signal coverage (see MRA) and meets obstacle clearance requirements (see MOCA) between those fixes.

The definition given here is that of the United States Federal Aviation Administration.  Details may vary in other jurisdictions.

Minimum reception altitude
In aviation, minimum reception altitude (MRA) is the lowest altitude on an airway segment where an aircraft can be assured of receiving signals from off-course navigation aids like VOR that define a fix. An MRA is determined
by FAA flight inspection traversing an entire route of flight to establish the minimum altitude the navigation signal can be received for the route (which, along with obstacle clearance, defines the Minimum Enroute Altitude - MEA) and for off-course NAVAID facilities that determine a fix. When the MRA at the fix is higher than the MEA, an MRA is established for the fix, and is the lowest altitude at which an intersection can be determined.
Steady-state model
In cosmology, the steady-state model or steady-state theory was an alternative to the Big Bang theory. In the steady-state model, the density of matter in the expanding universe remains unchanged due to a continuous creation of matter,  thus adhering to the perfect cosmological principle, a principle that says that the observable universe is always the same at any time and any place. A static universe, where space is not expanding, also obeys the perfect cosmological principle, but it cannot explain astronomical observations consistent with expansion of space.

From the 1940s to the 1960s, the astrophysical community was divided between supporters of the Big Bang theory and supporters of the steady-state theory. The steady-state model is now rejected by most cosmologists, astrophysicists, and astronomers.
The observational evidence points to a hot Big Bang cosmology with a finite age of the universe, which the steady-state model does not predict.

Cosmological principle
In modern physical cosmology, the cosmological principle is the notion that the spatial distribution of matter in the universe is uniformly isotropic and homogeneous when viewed on a large enough scale, since the forces are expected to act equally throughout the universe on a large scale, and should, therefore, produce no observable inequalities in the large-scale structuring over the course of evolution of the matter field that was initially laid down by the Big Bang.
Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)
The Huntress (Helena Rosa Bertinelli) is an antiheroine appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. She is the third DC character to bear the name Huntress, also assuming the names Batgirl and Matron. Originally introduced as a new interpretation of Helena Wayne, no longer depicted as the future daughter of Batman and Catwoman as part of DC's post-Crisis on Infinite Earths relaunch, she was later established to be the modern-day equivalent, namesake, and predecessor of Helena Wayne.

Huntress has been adapted into numerous media outside comics, including television series and films. Tara Strong and Amy Acker voice the character in Batman: The Brave and the Bold and Justice League Unlimited respectively, while Jessica De Gouw and Mary Elizabeth Winstead portray Huntress in Arrow and Birds of Prey (and the Fantabulous Emancipation of One Harley Quinn) respectively.

Amy Acker
Amy Louise Acker (born December 5, 1976) is an American actress. She is best known for starring as Winifred Burkle and Illyria on the supernatural drama series Angel (2001–2004), as Kelly Peyton on the action drama series Alias (2005–2006), and as Root on the science-fiction drama series Person of Interest (2012–2016). From 2017 to 2019, she starred as Caitlin Strucker on the superhero drama series The Gifted, based on Marvel Comics' X-Men.
Ferdinand von Richthofen
Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen (5 May 1833 – 6 October 1905), better known in English as Baron von Richthofen, was a German traveller, geographer, and scientist. He is noted for coining the terms "Seidenstraße" and "Seidenstraßen" = "Silk Road(s)" or "Silk Route(s)" in 1877. He also standardized the practices of chorography and chorology.

Chorography
Chorography (from χῶρος khōros, "place" and γράφειν graphein, "to write") is the art of describing or mapping a region or district, and by extension such a description or map. This term derives from the writings of the ancient geographer Pomponius Mela and  Ptolemy, where it meant the geographical description of regions. However, its resonances of meaning have varied at different times. Richard Helgerson states that "chorography defines itself by opposition to chronicle. It is the genre devoted to place, and chronicle is the genre devoted to time". Darrell Rohl prefers a broad definition of "the representation of space or place".
New Alresford
New Alresford or simply Alresford (/ˈɒlzfərd/ OLZ-fərd or /ˈɔːlzfərd/ AWLZ-fərd) is a market town and civil parish in the City of Winchester district of Hampshire, England. It is 8.0 miles (12.9 km) northeast of Winchester and 12 miles (20 km) southwest of the town of Alton.

New Alresford, situated with the River Alre to its north, has a remarkably well preserved 17th and 18th Century high street which offers several shops, a tourist information centre, a central conservation area, and several tea rooms and pubs. The western terminus of the Watercress Line heritage railway is at Alresford railway station in the town.

City of Winchester
Winchester (/ˈwɪntʃɪstər/), or the City of Winchester, is a local government district with city status in Hampshire, England.

The district is named after its main settlement of Winchester, which is where the council is based and is also the county town of Hampshire. The city boundaries also encompass a large surrounding rural area, including the towns of New Alresford and Whiteley and numerous villages.

Parts of the district lie within the South Downs National Park. The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, East Hampshire, Havant, Portsmouth, Fareham, Eastleigh and Test Valley.
Kisei Main Line
The Kisei Main Line (紀勢本線, Kisei-honsen) is a railway line that parallels the coastline of the Kii Peninsula in Japan between Mie Prefecture and Wakayama Prefecture. The name takes the kanji characters from the names of the old provinces of Kii (紀伊) and Ise (伊勢).

The line is operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) from Kameyama, the eastern terminus, to Shingū, and by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) from Shingū to Wakayamashi, the western terminus. The segment between Shingū and Wakayama is nicknamed as the Kinokuni Line (きのくに線), after the alternate name of the Kii Province.

The line has connections with through service, to the Kansai Main Line for Nagoya via the Ise Railway, and to the Hanwa Line at Wakayama for Osaka.

Hanwa Line
The Hanwa Line (阪和線, Hanwa-sen) is a commuter rail line in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). The 61.3 km (38.1 mi) line runs between Osaka and Wakayama, Japan and has a 1.7 km branchline in a southern Osaka suburb. The name is taken from the second syllable of Osaka and the first syllable of Wakayama.
Cenarbe
Cenarbe is an abandoned agricultural and livestock village. The locality belongs to the Spanish municipality of Villanúa (Huesca, Aragón). It was located at 1200 meters above sea level. Toponymic with origin in the old Basque Azenari-be, soil of foxes, the suffix -be (soil, lower part) would refer to the situation of the village in a small plain at the foot of Mount Vacún 2,114 meters high.

Villanúa
Villanúa (in Aragonese: Bellanuga) is a Pyrenean municipality in Spain in the north of Huesca province, in la Jacetania, set where the Aragon valley gets wider. Its name refers to the "new village" repopulated in the late 10th century. Villanúa's altitude is 953 m and it covers 58.2 km2. The village is at the bottom of mount Collarada (2886 m) and in 2018 had 447 inhabitants.

It is a tourist locality located between Jaca and the ski stations of Candanchú and Astún and near the French border (12 km. by the Tunnel of Somport).