hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Due Carrare
Due Carrare is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Padua in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Venice and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Padua.

This municipality  is the result of the merging of two different municipalities (Carrara San Giorgio and Carrara Santo Stefano), voted by the inhabitants on 26 February 1995 and allowed by the consequent regional law on 21 March 1995.

Due Carrare borders the following municipalities: Abano Terme, Battaglia Terme, Cartura, Maserà di Padova, Montegrotto Terme, Pernumia.

The city is the birthplace of the Carraresi family, who ruled Padua in the late Middle Ages.

Carraresi
The House of Carrara or Carraresi (da Carrara) was an important family of northern Italy in the 12th to 15th centuries. The family held the title of Lords of Padua from 1318 to 1405.

Under their rule, Padua conquered Verona, Vicenza, Treviso, Feltre, Belluno, Bassano, Aquileia and Udine, thus controlling much of the Veneto and part of Friuli. However, in 1405 Padua and the da Carrara family were defeated by the Republic of Venice, that effectively prevented the creation of a large regional state with Padua as its capital.
Tsarevich Dmitry Alexeyevich of Russia
Tsarevich Dmitry Alexeyevich (Russian: Дмитрий Алексеевич; 1 November [O.S. 22 October] 1648 – 16 October [O.S. 6 October] 1649) was the first son of Tsar Alexis of Russia by his first wife Maria Miloslavskaya.

Maria Miloslavskaya
Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya (Russian: Мария Ильинична Милославская, 1 April 1624 – 	18 August 1669) was a Russian tsaritsa as the first spouse of tsar Alexis of Russia. She was the mother of tsar Feodor III of Russia, tsar Ivan V of Russia, and the princess regent Sophia Alekseyevna.
Retarded potential
In electrodynamics, the retarded potentials are the electromagnetic potentials for the electromagnetic field generated by time-varying electric current or charge distributions in the past. The fields propagate at the speed of light c, so the delay of the fields connecting cause and effect at earlier and later times is an important factor: the signal takes a finite time to propagate from a point in the charge or current distribution (the point of cause) to another point in space (where the effect is measured), see figure below.

Liénard–Wiechert potential
The Liénard–Wiechert potentials describe the classical electromagnetic effect of a moving electric point charge in terms of a vector potential and a scalar potential in the Lorenz gauge. Stemming directly from Maxwell's equations, these describe the complete, relativistically correct, time-varying electromagnetic field for a point charge in arbitrary motion, but are not corrected for quantum mechanical effects. Electromagnetic radiation in the form of waves can be obtained from these potentials. These expressions were developed in part by Alfred-Marie Liénard in 1898 and independently by Emil Wiechert in 1900.
Qui...?
"Qui…?" (Translation: "Who…?") is a 1989 Belgian novelty song hit by the new beat band Brussels Sound Revolution. It features samples of the speech Belgian former Prime Minister Paul Vanden Boeynants gave after he had been kidnapped by the gang of Patrick Haemers that same year. It was a hit on both sides of the Belgian language border. In Flanders, Belgium it reached the 28th place in the Radio 2 hitparade at the time for one week.

Paul Vanden Boeynants
Paul Emile François Henri Vanden Boeynants (Dutch: [ˈpʌul vɑndə(m) ˈbuinɑnts] ⓘ, French: [pɔl vandən bujnants]; 22 May 1919 – 9 January 2001) was a Belgian politician. He served as the prime minister of Belgium for two brief periods (1966–68 and 1978–79).
Bishop of Ross (Ireland)
The Bishop of Ross (Irish: Ross Ailithir; Corco Loígde; Latin: Rossensis) was a separate episcopal title which took its name after the town of Rosscarbery in County Cork, Ireland. The title is now united with other bishoprics. In the Church of Ireland it is held by the Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, and in the Roman Catholic Church it is held by the Bishop of Cork and Ross.

Bishop of Cork and Ross
The Bishop of Cork and Ross is an episcopal title which takes its name after the city of Cork and the County Cork town of Rosscarbery in the Republic of Ireland. The combined title was first used by the Church of Ireland from 1638 to 1660 and again from 1679 to 1835. At present the title is being used by the Roman Catholic Church.
Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski
Prince Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski (1696–1775) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman, the Duke of Klewań and Żuków, magnate, and Knight of the Order of the White Eagle (from 1726). He headed Poland's Czartoryski "Familia".

He served as Steward of Lithuania from 1720, Castellan of Vilnius from 1722, Grand Chancellor of Lithuania from 1752, and Starost of Grod, Luck, Uświat, Jurbol, Homel, Kupsk and Pienian.

Klevan
Klevan (Ukrainian: Клевань) is a rural settlement in Rivne Raion (district) of Rivne Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. Its population was 7,470 at the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population: 7,570 (2022 estimate) It is located in the historic region of Volhynia.
Hockley railway station (Essex)
Hockley railway station is on the Shenfield to Southend Line in the East of England, serving the village of Hockley, Essex. It is 36 miles 1 chain (57.96 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Rayleigh to the west and Rochford to the east. The Engineer's Line Reference for the line is SSV; the station's three-letter station code is HOC. The two platforms have an operational length for 12-coach trains.

Rayleigh railway station
Rayleigh railway station is on the Shenfield to Southend Line in the East of England, serving the town of Rayleigh, in Essex. It lies 33 miles 9 chains (53.29 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street, and is situated between Wickford to the west and Hockley to the east. Each of the two platforms has an operational length for 12-coach trains.
2020–2021 Georgian political crisis
The 2020–2021 Georgian political crisis was a political crisis in Georgia that resulted from allegations by opposition parties that the 2020 Georgian parliamentary election was rigged. The opposition accused the ruling Georgian Dream party of election fraud and did not recognize the results. They announced protests and parliamentary boycott. The opposition held a rally on November 1, a day after the elections, and called for snap parliamentary elections. On November 2, the eight opposition parties refused to enter parliament. In February 2021, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia resigned over plans to arrest opposition leader Nika Melia, which occurred on 23 February. The crisis ended on 19 April 2021 after the signing of the EU-mediated agreement between the ruling party and the opposition.

2021 Georgian local elections
The 2021 Georgian local elections (Georgian: საქართველოს ადგილობრივი თვითმმართველობის ორგანოების არჩევნები) were held on 2 and 30 October to elect the bodies of local government of Georgia. The voters elected 2,068 representatives in the 64 municipal assemblies (sakrebulo) and 64 mayors. The ruling Georgian Dream party secured victory in all mayoral elections except that in Tsalenjikha but lost its majority in 7 out of 64 municipal assemblies.
2012 Romanian protests
The 2012 Romanian protests were a series of protests and civil manifestations triggered by the introduction of new health reform legislation. In particular, President Traian Băsescu criticized the Deputy Minister of Health, Raed Arafat, on a Romanian television broadcast. The protests became violent, with both protesters and members of the Gendarmerie sustaining injuries during their clashes.

On the morning of 5 February 2012, Prime Minister Emil Boc announced his resignation because of the protests. He said that his decision would release the tension in the country's political and social situation.
Protests, on a lesser scale, continued in University Square in Bucharest. The protesters demanded the president's resignation and early general elections.
There were ongoing protests in Romania in subsequent months over a variety of disagreements.

Emil Boc
Emil Boc (Romanian pronunciation: [eˈmil ˈbok]; born 6 September 1966) is a Romanian politician who was Prime Minister of Romania from 22 December 2008 until 6 February 2012 and is the current mayor of Cluj-Napoca, the largest city of Transylvania, where he was first elected in July 2004. Boc was also the president of the Democratic Liberal Party (PDL), which proposed and supported him as Prime Minister in late 2008, from December 2004 until July 2012.

On 13 October 2009, his cabinet fell after losing a motion of no confidence in Parliament. He was acting as the head of acting cabinet until a new prime minister and cabinet were confirmed by Parliament. On 17 December 2009, President Traian Băsescu designated him again to form a new government, receiving afterwards the vote of confidence from the Parliament.
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (such as carbon tet for short and tetrachloromethane, also recognised by the IUPAC), is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl4. It is a volatile, non-flammable, dense, colourless liquid with a chloroform-like sweet odour that can be detected at low levels. It was formerly widely used in fire extinguishers, as a precursor to refrigerants, an anthelmintic and a cleaning agent, but has since been phased out because of environmental and safety concerns. Exposure to high concentrations of carbon tetrachloride can affect the central nervous system and degenerate the liver and kidneys. Prolonged exposure can be fatal.

Dichlorodifluoromethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) is a colorless gas popularly known by the genericized brand name Freon (as Freon-12). It is a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant. In compliance with the Montreal Protocol, its manufacture was banned in developed countries (non-article 5 countries) in 1996, and in developing countries (Article 5 countries) in 2010 out of concerns about its damaging effect on the ozone layer. Its only allowed usage is as a  fire retardant in submarines and aircraft. It is soluble in many organic solvents. R-12 cylinders are colored white.

R-12 has the highest potential for ozone destruction of all refrigeration gases.
2024 VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup
The 2024 VTV Cup was the 18th edition of the VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup organized by the Volleyball Federation of Vietnam (VFV), and sponsored by Vietnam Television (VTV).

The tournament was held on Ninh Bình and played from 24 August to 31 August. This was also the second time this tournament applied the Video Challenge Eyes after 2023 edition.

Russia's Korabelka won the first title after defeating host Vietnam in the final. Korea Expressway Corporation Hi-Pass from South Korea defeated Kuanysh from Kazakhstan in the 3rd place match and took the bronze medal. Elizaveta Nesterova was named as the MVP of the tournament.

Vietnam women's national volleyball team
Vietnam women's national volleyball team (Vietnamese: Đội tuyển bóng chuyền nữ quốc gia Việt Nam) represents Vietnam in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches. It is managed by the Volleyball Federation of Vietnam.
Cutcombe
Cutcombe is a village and civil parish 9 miles (14 km) south of Minehead and north of Dulverton straddling the ridge between Exmoor and the Brendon Hills in Somerset. It has a population of 361.

The parish includes the hamlet of Wheddon Cross which is one of the higher hamlets within the Exmoor National Park at 980 feet (299 m) above sea level, the highest being Simonsbath.

Simonsbath
Simonsbath (/ˈsɪmənzbɑːθ, -bæθ/) is a small village high on Exmoor in the English county of Somerset. It is the principal settlement in the Exmoor civil parish, which is the largest and most sparsely populated civil parish on Exmoor, covering nearly 32 square miles (83 km2) but with a population, at the time of the 2001 census, of 203 in 78 households, reducing to 156 at the 2011 census.
The River Exe rises from a valley to the north, and the River Barle runs through the village and is crossed by a triple-arched medieval bridge that was extensively repaired after floods in 1952.

The settlement lies on the route of the Two Moors Way and close to the Macmillan Way West.
Ogbaru
Ogbaru listenⓘ is a local government area in Anambra State, south-central Nigeria. The area's local government headquarters is in the port city of Atani. It is part of the Greater Onitsha Metropolis. Ogbaru is in Anambra north senatorial district of Anambra State Nigeria

Atani
Atani Listenⓘ is a city on the eastern bank of the Niger River in Anambra State, Nigeria. Atani is the headquarter of Ogbaru Local Government Area, a Local Government in the Northern Senatorial District of Anambra State.
It is one of the communities in Ogbaru situated in Igboland. Her political relations  differ not so much from what obtains in other communities in the Igbo enclave. Disparities however exist in terms of geographical location and tradition. The political structure in Igboland begins from the family- Umunna as the smallest unit, and extends to community – Obodo, which is the largest unit.
It was a town populated by early fishermen and migrant settlers. Atani is still the rice, fish, yam and cassava basin of Anambra state, producing most of the food sold in many markets in Delta and Anambra States.
Atani people are of Ukwuani origin in Anambra state.
Warrington West railway station
Warrington West is a railway station on the Liverpool–Manchester line. The station, situated 17 miles (27 km) east of Liverpool Lime Street, serves the civil parish of Great Sankey, Warrington in Cheshire, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

It is served by bus services and has parking for 287 cars. The station is located west of Warrington on the existing southern Liverpool–Manchester line, between Sankey for Penketh and Warrington Central.

Sankey for Penketh railway station
Sankey for Penketh railway station, also known as just Sankey, is a railway station in the west of Warrington, Cheshire, England, serving the Great Sankey, Penketh and Whittle Hall areas of the town.  The station, and all trains serving it, are operated by Northern Trains. It is designated by English Heritage as a Grade II listed building.
Larmer Tree Festival
Larmer Tree Festival was a three-day music, comedy and arts festival held annually from 1990 until 2019 at the Larmer Tree Gardens, near Tollard Royal on the Wiltshire-Dorset border in England. The 2020 festival was cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the event was not held in 2021, 2022 or 2023.

Performers included Paloma Faith, Jake Bugg, First Aid Kit, Tom Odell, KT Tunstall, Tom Jones, Kae Tempest, Jools Holland and Gomez.

Larmer Tree Gardens
The Larmer Tree Gardens near Tollard Royal in south Wiltshire, England, were created by landowner Augustus Pitt Rivers in 1880 as pleasure grounds for "public enlightenment and entertainment".  They were the first private gardens opened for public enjoyment in the United Kingdom, and were free to enter. The 11-acre (4.5 ha) Grade II* listed gardens are within the Rushmore Estate in Cranborne Chase, an ancient royal hunting ground and now an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Thaddea Graham
Thaddea Graham (born 29 March 1997) is a Northern Irish actress. On television, she is known for her roles in the Sky One series Curfew (2019), the Netflix series The Letter for the King (2020), The Irregulars (2021) and Sex Education (2023), the BBC series Us (2020), Doctor Who: Flux (2021) and Wreck (2022), and the Apple TV+ series Bad Sisters (2024). Her films include After the Hunt (2025).

Graham appeared on the 2023 Screen International Rising Stars Ireland list.

The Irregulars
The Irregulars is a British mystery adventure crime drama television series created by Tom Bidwell for Netflix. Loosely based on the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, it features the Baker Street Irregulars working for Dr. Watson saving London from supernatural elements.

Developed by Drama Republic, the eight-episode series premiered on 26 March 2021. In May 2021, the programme was canceled after one series.
Widower Jarl
Widower Jarl (Swedish: Änkeman Jarl) is a 1945 Swedish comedy film directed by Sigurd Wallén and starring Wallén, Dagmar Ebbesen, Sven Magnusson and Ingrid Backlin. It was shot at the Sundbyberg Studios in Stockholm with location shooting around Växjö and Tingsryd. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Linder. It is based on the 1940 play Widower Jarl by Vilhelm Moberg.

Ingrid Backlin
Ingrid Backlin (née Michaelsson) (born 16 May 1920 in Stockholm, died 24 February 2013) was a Swedish actress. Backlin made her film acting debut in 1940 in Snurriga familjen by Ivar Johansson, and would later participate in more than 30 films. She was married to actor Stig Järrel, and is the mother of former Member of Parliament Henrik S. Järrel and Helen Åberg.
Rufford Abbey
Rufford Abbey is a country estate in Rufford, Nottinghamshire, England, two miles (4 km) south of Ollerton. Originally a Cistercian abbey, it was converted to a country house in the 16th century after Henry VIII’s dissolution of the monasteries. Part of the house was demolished in the 20th century, but the remains, standing in 150 acres of park and woodland, are open to the public as Rufford Country Park. Part of the park is a local nature reserve.
The remains of the house is owned by English Heritage and the country park is owned by Nottinghamshire County Council and managed by Parkwood Leisure.

The house itself is constructed of rubble, brick, dressed stone and ashlar with ashlar dressings and plain tile roofs.

Rufford, Nottinghamshire
Rufford, in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, is the site of two villages whose inhabitants were evicted in the 12th century. Cistercian monasteries were established and the monks wished to ensure their isolation.

The area is centred around Rufford Abbey, a large country estate, and adjacent Rufford Country Park, a leisure amenity run by Nottinghamshire County Council. The population count was 536 residents at the 2021 census. It is part of the Sherwood Forest Parliament constituency.

A small portion of Bilsthorpe village falls across the eastern boundary. Other local features include Clipstone forest which is part of the Sherwood Pines Forest Park. There is also a holiday village to the north of the parish.
Desertores Islands
Desertores Islands are a group of islands in the Sea of Chiloé, between Chiloé Island and the mainland of Chile. They are the easternmost islands of the Chiloé Archipelago, and are administered as part of the Chaitén commune, in the Palena Province, unlike the rest of the Archipelago, which forms Chiloé Province. The six main islands are Auten, Chuit, Chulin, Imerquiña, Nayahue and Talcan, with Talcan, the biggest and easternmost of the Desertores Islands, close to the mainland. There are several smaller islands in the archipelago. The islands are home to small, isolated communities that rely primarily on fishing and subsistence agriculture.

Chiloé Province
Chiloé Province (Spanish: Provincia de Chiloé) is one of the four provinces in the southern Chilean region of Los Lagos (X). It consists of all of Chiloé Archipelago (including Chiloé Island) with the exception of the Desertores Islands. The province spans a surface area of 9,181.6 km2 (3,545 sq mi). Its capital is Castro, and the seat of the Roman Catholic bishopric is Ancud.
Tomb of Chang Yuchun
The Tomb of Chang Yuchun (Chinese: 常遇春墓; pinyin: Cháng Yùchūn Mù) is the tomb of Chang Yuchun (1330–1369), a military general in late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. The tomb dates from 1369, and is located on Purple Mountain in Nanjing. There are stone horses, stone tigers, stone sheep and stone warriors in front of the tomb. It has been categorized as a "Major National Historical and Cultural Site in Jiangsu" by the State Council of China. In addition, the tomb was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2003 as an extension of the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties site, for its outstanding preservation and its contribution to the medieval history of China.

Chang Yuchun
Chang Yuchun (常遇春, 1330 – 9 August 1369), courtesy name Boren (伯仁) and art name Yanheng (燕衡), was a Chinese military general of the Ming dynasty. He was a follower of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, and contributed heavily to the establishment of the Ming Empire. He was famous for his bravery and formidable prowess in battle, which earned him the nickname of "Chang Hundred-Thousand" (常十万), because he alone was said to be as effective as a force of 100,000 troops.
Helen Lane
Helen Lane (1921 – August 29, 2004) was an American translator of Spanish, Portuguese, French and Italian language literary works into English. She translated works by numerous important authors including Jorge Amado, Juan Goytisolo, Juan Carlos Onetti, Octavio Paz, Nélida Piñon, Augusto Roa Bastos, Juan José Saer, Claude Simon, Luisa Valenzuela, and Mario Vargas Llosa. She was a recipient of the National Book Award.

Juan José Saer
Juan José Saer (28 June 1937 – 11 June 2005) was a major Argentine writer. For his novel The Event (La ocasión), he won the Premio Nadal in 1987. In 1990, he shared the Silver Condor Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film Las veredas de Saturno. In 2004, he received a Platinum Konex Award for his 1994–98 work.
Pierre Casiraghi
Pierre Rainier Stefano Casiraghi  (born 5 September 1987) is the younger son and youngest of three children of Caroline, Princess of Hanover, and her second husband, Stefano Casiraghi. He is the maternal-line grandson of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and American actress Grace Kelly. Casiraghi is eighth in the line of succession to the Monegasque throne, following his twin cousins Hereditary Prince Jacques and Princess Gabriella, his mother, his brother Andrea, nephews Alexandre and Maximilian Casiraghi and niece India Casiraghi.

Princess Caroline of Monaco
Princess Caroline of Monaco (born 23 January 1957) is Princess of Hanover by marriage to Prince Ernst August. As the eldest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and Grace Kelly, she is the elder sister of Albert II, Prince of Monaco, and Princess Stéphanie.

She was Hereditary Princess of Monaco and heir presumptive to the Monegasque throne from her birth in 1957 until her brother Albert was born the following year, and again from Albert's accession in 2005 until the birth of his twins, her niece Gabriella and nephew Jacques, in 2014.