hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonidas J. Guibas
Leonidas John Guibas (Λεωνίδας Γκίμπας; born 1949) is a Greek-American computer scientist and the Paul Pigott Professor of Computer Science (and, by courtesy, Electrical Engineering) at Stanford University, where he heads the Geometric Computation Group. His research spans computational geometry, computer graphics, computer vision, machine learning, and robotics, with contributions including foundational data structures, the earth mover's distance for image retrieval, Metropolis light transport, and the PointNet architecture for deep learning on point clouds.

Guibas is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a Fellow of the ACM and the IEEE.

Earth mover's distance
In computer science, the earth mover's distance (EMD) is a measure of dissimilarity between two frequency distributions, densities, or measures, over a metric space D.
Informally, if the distributions are interpreted as two different ways of piling up earth (dirt) over D, the EMD captures the minimum cost of building the smaller pile using dirt taken from the larger, where cost is defined as the amount of dirt moved multiplied by the distance over which it is moved.

Over probability distributions, the earth mover's distance is also known as the Wasserstein metric , Kantorovich–Rubinstein metric, or Mallows's distance. It is the solution of the optimal transport problem, which in turn is also known as the Monge-Kantorovich problem, or sometimes the Hitchcock–Koopmans transportation problem; when the measures are uniform over a set of discrete elements, the same optimization problem is known as  minimum weight bipartite matching.
Vallejo Admirals
The Vallejo Admirals were an independent professional baseball team based in Vallejo, California. They were members of the Pacific Association of Professional Baseball Clubs, which was not associated with Major League Baseball. In 2017, the Admirals won the Pacific Association championship.

Na Koa Ikaika Maui
Na Koa Ikaika Maui (Hawaiian for The Maui Strong Warriors) were an independent professional baseball team based out of Wailuku, Maui, Hawaii and 2013 champions of the Pacific Association. They played their home games at Maehara Stadium in Wailuku on the island of Maui. Over four seasons, they also played the Golden Baseball League and North American League.
Hygrocybe
Hygrocybe is a genus of agarics (gilled fungi) in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called waxcaps in English (sometimes waxy caps in North America), basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are often brightly coloured and have dry to waxy caps, white spores, and smooth, ringless stems.

In Europe waxcaps are characteristic of old, unimproved grasslands (termed waxcap grasslands) which are a declining habitat, making many Hygrocybe species of conservation concern. Nine of these waxcap-grassland species, Hygrocybe aurantiosplendens, H. citrinovirens, H. intermedia, H. mucronella, H. punicea, H. quieta, H. spadicea, H. splendidissima, and H. subpapillata, are assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Elsewhere waxcaps are more typically found in woodlands. Most are ground-dwelling and all are believed to be biotrophs. Around 150 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of several species are considered edible and are sometimes sold in local markets.

Waxcap grassland
Waxcap grassland is a type of short-sward, nutrient-poor grassland that supports a diverse range of larger fungi, particularly waxcaps (species of Hygrocybe and related genera), which are characteristic of such habitats.  Waxcap grasslands are principally found in Europe, where they are declining due to agricultural practices. Consequently, the fungal species are of conservation concern, and efforts have been made in the United Kingdom and elsewhere to protect both the grasslands and their characteristic fungi. Thirty European species of waxcap grassland fungi are currently assessed as globally "vulnerable" or "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of threatened species.
Emil Welti
Friedrich Emil Welti known as Emil Welti (23 April 1825 – 24 February 1899) was a Swiss politician, lawyer and judge. From 1856 to 1866, he was a member of the government of the canton of Aargau and, beginning in 1857, the Council of States. In 1867, Welti was elected to the Bundesrat as a representative of the liberal-radical faction (today's FDP).

Welti was elected Federal President six times, a total exceeded only by Karl Schenk. He is remembered for unifying the army, overhauling the Federal Constitution of 1874, and opening political doors for the Gotthard Railway.

Alfred Escher
Johann Heinrich Alfred Escher vom Glas, colloquially Alfred Escher, (20 February 1819 – 6 December 1882) was a Swiss business magnate, banker, railway pioneer and politician who most notably served on the National Council from 1848 to 1882 for the Liberal Party.

Escher was born into a well-established old family of Zurich, Switzerland. Through his numerous political posts and his significant role in the foundation and management of the Swiss Northeastern Railway, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Credit Suisse, Swiss Life and the Gotthard Railway, Escher had an unmatched influence on Switzerland's political and economic development in the 19th century.
WSPA-FM
WSPA-FM (106.3 MHz) is a Regional Mexican-formatted radio station in the Greenville-Spartanburg area of Upstate South Carolina. The Norsan Media outlet is licensed by the FCC to Simpsonville, South Carolina, and broadcasts at with an ERP of 25 kW. Its studios are in Greenville and its transmitter is located east of Five Forks.

WOLI (AM)
WOLI (910 kHz) is a Spanish tropical AM radio station located in Spartanburg, South Carolina. The station is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to broadcast with power of 3,600 watts in the daytime and 890 watts at night under separate directional signal patterns.
The Kids (Norwegian band)
The Kids was a Norwegian rock band from Trondheim, formed in 1979. Their best known song is Hun Er Forelska i lærer'n ("She's In Love With the Teacher"), in 1980. Norske jenter ("Norwegian Girls") is another hit. The band released music in Sweden with Swedish language versions of the songs.

The Kids became known for their platinum blonde hair, and were the first in Norway to produce a music video. The video was aired by Zikk Zakk, the only rock music program on NRK. The Kids sold to platinum. After the band broke up, Dag Ingebrigtsen took part in the founding of TNT. Meanwhile, Torstein Flakne founded Stage Dolls. They had a reunion tour in 1996, and released a greatest hits album in the same year.

Dag Ingebrigtsen
Dag Ingebrigtsen (born 12 December 1958) is a Norwegian musician who had his debut in 1977 with the group Subway Suck.

Ingebrigtsen was born in Trondheim, Norway.  He got his breakthrough in 1980 with the rock band The Kids, who had the hit "Forelska i lærer'n" ("In love with the teacher"). After his success with The Kids, he fronted the Norwegian hard rock band TNT. He sang and played rhythm guitar on their self-titled debut album in 1982 before being replaced by American Tony Harnell two years later. He reunited with TNT live during their 25th Anniversary concert to sing "Harley Davidson".

He is the father of the ski jumper Tommy Ingebrigtsen.
The Crooked Way
The Crooked Way is a 1949 American film noir  starring John Payne, Sonny Tufts and Ellen Drew. Directed by Robert Florey and shot by John Alton, the film has a similar plot (a war hero loses his memory from a combat wound) to another film noir, Somewhere in the Night.

John Payne (actor)
John Howard Payne (May 23, 1912 – December 6, 1989) was an American film actor who is mainly remembered from film noir crime stories and 20th Century Fox musical films, and for his leading roles in Miracle on 34th Street and the NBC Western television series The Restless Gun.
Johnny Nitro (musician)
Johnny Nitro (born John Lawrence Newton; September 2, 1951 – February 19, 2011) was a blues vocalist, guitarist, and band leader in the San Francisco Bay Area. He served as a longtime entertainer and community figure in the North Beach district. He regularly played at local venues, such as The Saloon and Lou's Pier 47, with his band, Johnny Nitro & the Doorslammers. He also served as a mentor to musicians, such as Tommy Castro. In his lifetime, Nitro played with a range of blues artists, including Albert Collins, Albert King, and Sunny Rhodes.

Tommy Castro
Tommy Castro (born April 15, 1955) is an American blues, R&B, and rock guitarist and singer. He has been recording since the mid-1990s. His music has taken him from local stages to national and international touring. His popularity was marked by his winning the 2008 Blues Music Award for Entertainer of the Year.

According to The Chicago Sun-Times, Castro plays "Memphis soul-drenched R&B…top-of-the-line blues." Tom Callahan of Blurt added, "Castro has a soulful voice, searing guitar and is an excellent songwriter and vocalist. If you close your eyes you will be convinced that you are listening to Otis Redding singing in 1967…tremendous."
Amuwo-Odofin
Amuwo-OdofinListenⓘ is a local government area (LGA) in the Badagry Division, Lagos State, Nigeria.

As of July 2025 the Executive Chairman of Amuwo-Odofin Local Government Area is Prince Lanre Sanusi, who assumed office following the July 2025 local government elections.

Amuwo Odofin LGA is divided into Oriade and Amuwo Local Council Development Area (LCDA) with 7 wards each; Abule-osun, Agboju, Ibeshe, Ijegun, Irede, Kirikir and Kuje wards constitute Oriade LCDA and Ado-soba, Ekoakete, Ifelodun, Ilado Tamaro, Irepodun, Odofin and Orire wards comprising Amuwo LCDA.

Spread among the 14 wards are 67 communities, 12 of which are Urban, 8 semi-urban and 47 rural. Amuwo Odofin LGA has a population density of approximately 300,000 people per square kilometer.

The LGA, with a population of over 1,500,000 according to the 2006 Census shares its boundaries with Ajeromi and Ifelodun LCDA in the East, Oriade LCDA in the West, the Badagry Creek to the South and Isolo/Igando LCDA to the North.

Badagry
BadagryListenⓘ, also spelled Badagri, (Gun: Gbagli) is a coastal town and Local Government Area (LGA) in the Badagry Division of Lagos State, Nigeria. It is quite close to the city of Lagos, and located on the north bank of Porto Novo Creek, an inland waterway that connects Lagos (Nigeria's largest city and economic capital) to the Beninese capital of Porto-Novo. The same route connects Lagos, Ilaro, and Porto-Novo, and shares a border with the Republic of Benin. As of the preliminary 2006 census results, the municipality had a population of 241,093.

Serving as a lagoon and an Atlantic port, Badagry emerged as a commercial center on the West African coast between 1736 and 1851. Its connecting and navigable lakes, creeks and inland lagoons acted as a means to facilitate trade and as a security bar for residents. During the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, the town was a middleman between European traders on the coast and traders from the hinterland.
Francesco Ventriglia
Francesco Ventriglia (born 9 June 1978) is an Italian ballet dancer, choreographer and artistic director.  He is currently the Artistic Director of Alberta Ballet. In 2010 he was appointed as Europe's youngest artistic director by the Florence Opera House at the age of 32, where he held the role as artistic director and principal choreographer for Maggio Danza until 2013. In 2014, he was named the artistic director of the Royal New Zealand Ballet until June 2017, and from January 2018, as adjunct artistic director of the National Ballet of Uruguay, Ballet Nacional Sodre alongside Igor Yebra. Ventriglia is also a choreographer of classical and contemporary ballet, having works performed internationally by companies such as the La Scala Ballet, Arena di Verona, Bolshoi Theatre, the Mariinsky Ballet, Grande Theatre du Geneve, Royal New Zealand Ballet, Ballet Nacional Sodre and at the Venice Biannale.

Alberta Ballet Company
Alberta Ballet (also known as the Alberta Ballet Company) was founded by Muriel Taylor and Dr. Ruth Carse in 1958 and became a professional company in 1966. The company is a resident company of both the Northern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium in Edmonton, Alberta and the Southern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium in Calgary, Alberta, and performs its full season in both venues.
Bonnie (TV series)
Bonnie (originally titled The Bonnie Hunt Show) is an American sitcom television series that aired on CBS from September 22, 1995 to April 7, 1996. Bonnie Hunt plays Bonnie Kelly, a television reporter who moves from Wisconsin to take a job with a Chicago television station where she encounters an eclectic group of coworkers.

In addition to the stories concerning Bonnie's life inside and out of the station, each episode includes one of Bonnie's television news features, in which Hunt would improvise interviews with real people attending or involved in current real local events.

Bonnie Hunt
Bonnie Hunt (born September 22, 1961) is an American actress and comedian. Her film roles include Rain Man, Beethoven, Beethoven's 2nd, Jumanji, Jerry Maguire, The Green Mile, Cheaper by the Dozen, Cheaper by the Dozen 2, and Red One.

Hunt has done voice work starting with A Bug's Life (1998) and went on to voice characters in multiple animated franchises including Monsters, Inc. (2001-present), Cars (2006-present), Toy Story (2010-present), and Zootopia (2016-present). She starred in Grand and Davis Rules, as well as creating, producing, writing, and starring in The Building, Bonnie, and Life with Bonnie. From 2008 to 2010, she hosted The Bonnie Hunt Show.
Natural Bridge Station, Virginia
Natural Bridge Station is an unincorporated community in Rockbridge County, Virginia, United States, named for both its proximity to Natural Bridge and formerly having a train depot along the Norfolk & Western rail line. Formerly known as Sherwood and Greenlee, the community is located along the James River and Virginia State Route 130, 3.2 miles (5.1 km) west of Glasgow.

Natural Bridge Station is made up mostly of the southeastern corner of Rockbridge County encompassing all of the community of Arnolds Valley (named for the area's first settler, Stephen Arnold) and partially covering several other communities, with its southeastern border running along the Blue Ridge Parkway. Natural Bridge Station has a post office with ZIP code 24579. The population as of 2020 was 1,540.

Rockbridge County, Virginia
Rockbridge County is a county in the Shenandoah Valley on the western edge of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,650. Its county seat is the city of Lexington. Rockbridge County completely surrounds the independent cities of Buena Vista and Lexington. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the independent cities of Buena Vista and Lexington with Rockbridge County for statistical purposes.
Grant Kirkhope
Grant Kirkhope (born 10 July 1962) is a Scottish composer and voice actor for video games and film. Some of his notable works include GoldenEye 007, Banjo-Kazooie, Donkey Kong 64, and Perfect Dark, among many others. He has won an Ivor Novello Award for Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope and a World Soundtrack Award for The King's Daughter, as well as being nominated for BAFTA, ASCAP, and IFMCA awards. He has also provided the voice for the character Donkey Kong in many of his game appearances.

Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope
Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope is a 2022 action-adventure tactical role-playing game developed by Ubisoft Milan and Ubisoft Paris and published by Ubisoft for the Nintendo Switch. The game is a crossover between Nintendo's Mario and Ubisoft's Rabbids franchises and a sequel to Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle (2017). A trio of expansion packs were released the following year, with the third and final one featuring Rayman. Sparks of Hope received generally positive reviews from critics, with praise towards the game's graphics, soundtrack, gameplay and improvements to the battle system, though the loading times received some criticism. According to Ubisoft, the game underperformed commercially. This game marks the final Mario franchise title to feature longtime voice actor Charles Martinet performing as Mario and Luigi (albeit through archival voice clips), prior to him stepping down from his various roles in the series in 2023 to become a brand ambassador for the property.
William Cobbett
William Cobbett (9 March 1763 – 18 June 1835) was an English pamphleteer, journalist, politician, and farmer born in Farnham, Surrey. He was one of an agrarian faction seeking to reform Parliament, abolish "rotten boroughs", restrain foreign activity, and raise wages, with the goal of easing poverty among farm labourers and small land holders. Cobbett backed lower taxes, saving, reversing commons enclosures and returning to the gold standard. He opposed borough-mongers, sinecurists, bureaucratic "tax-eaters" and stockbrokers. His radicalism furthered the Reform Act 1832 and gained him one of two newly created seats in Parliament for the borough of Oldham. His polemics range from political reform to religion, including Catholic emancipation. His best known book is Rural Rides (1830, in print). He argued against Malthusianism, saying economic betterment could support global population growth.

Rotten and pocket boroughs
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act of 1832 which had very few voters. They could be used by a patron to gain disproportionate influence within the House of Commons. The Reform Act of 1832 abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs.

The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland.
Nirupama Sanjeev
Nirupama Sanjeev (née Vaidyanathan; born 8 December 1976) is an Indian former professional tennis player. In the 1998 Australian Open, Sanjeev became the second Indian woman (after Nirupama Mankad) in the Open era to feature in a major main draw, the first one in singles, and the first to win a major match, defeating Gloria Pizzichini. She also won the bronze medal at the 1998 Bangkok Asian Games in mixed doubles, partnering Mahesh Bhupathi. Sanjeev was the first Indian woman to enter the top 200 of the rankings in singles. She founded Nirus Tennis Academy in 2004 and now does consultations about tennis on https://tennisconsultation.com. She also wrote her memoir "The Moonballer" which was released by tennis legend Vijay Amritraj in 2013 https://www.amazon.com/s?k=the+moonballer&crid=23XAD8E1KYPAY&sprefix=the+moonballer%2Caps%2C182&ref=nb_sb_noss

1998 Australian Open – Women's singles
Defending champion Martina Hingis defeated Conchita Martínez in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1998 Australian Open. It was her second Australian Open title and fourth major singles title overall.

This was the first major in which future world No. 1, Olympic gold medalist, and 23-time major singles champion, and 7-time Australian Open singles champion Serena Williams competed in the main draw. She was defeated by her sister Venus in the second round.

Nirupama Vaidyanathan became the first Indian woman in the Open Era to contest, and win, a main draw singles match at a major.
Elza Lezhdey
Elza Ivanovna Lezhdey (Russian: Эльза Ивановна Леждей; 19 February 1933 — 12 June 2001) was a Soviet and Russian actress. She was best recognized for her role as Zinaida Kibrit in Investigation Held by ZnaToKi. Appearing in more than fifty films from 1954 to 1992, she was awarded Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR in 1974.

She died on June 12, 2001, at the age of 68.

Investigation Led by Experts
Investigation Led by ZnaToKi, or Investigation Led by Experts (Russian: Следствие ведут ЗнаТоКи, translit. Sledstvie vedut ZnaToKi) was a popular 1971-1989 Soviet detective TV-series with two Russian series (2002 and 2003) for a total of 24 episodes.

Main characters —   investigator Pavel Znamenski, detective Alexandr Tomin and laboratory analyst Zinaida Kibrit — were acting together under a group name ZnaToKi (translated as "Experts").

The song by Mark Minkov based on the lyrics Invisible Battle (Nezrimiy Boi or Our mission is both dangerous and difficult, and most invisible at first glance...) by Anatoly Gorokhov features in almost all series. It became an unofficial hymn of the Soviet Militia.
Liu Chuyu
Liu Chuyu (劉楚玉) (died 2 January 466), often known by her title Princess Shanyin (山陰公主), although her title at death was the greater title of Princess Kuaiji (會稽公主), was a princess of the Chinese Liu Song dynasty. She was a daughter of Emperor Xiaowu. She was also the older sister of Emperor Liu Ziye.

Liu Ziye
Former Deposed Emperor of Liu Song or Qianfeidi ((劉)宋前廢帝; 25 February 449 – 1 January 466), personal name Liu Ziye (劉子業), childhood name Fashi (法師), was an emperor of the Chinese Liu Song dynasty. His brief reign as a teenager was known for his violent and impulsive acts, including the slaughter of many high-level officials and his sexually immoral behavior. He was assassinated less than 18 months after becoming emperor.
Sapwuahfik
Sapwuahfik, formerly Ngatik, or the Raven Islands is a 110-square-kilometer (42 sq mi) atoll in Pohnpei state of the Federated States of Micronesia. It is a village and municipality of roughly 430 people on a land area of 1.5 square kilometers (0.58 sq mi). It is mostly known in history as the site of the Ngatik massacre.

Ngatik massacre
The Ngatik massacre took place over two days of fighting on the atoll of Sapwuahfik in the Micronesian island chain in July 1837.  Captain C. H. Hart and his crew of beachcombers of the trading cutter Lampton from Sydney, Australia, massacred as many as 50 Sapwuahfik men. Hart had hoped to raid what he believed was a large stash of tortoiseshell on the island.
George Bouchier
George Bouchier or Bourchier (died 1643) was a wealthy merchant of Bristol who supported the royalist cause during the English Civil War.

Bourchier entered into a plot with Robert Yeamans, who had been one of the sheriffs of Bristol, and several others, to deliver that city, on 7 March 1643, to Prince Rupert, for the service of King Charles I; but the scheme being discovered and frustrated, he was, with Yeamans, after eleven weeks' imprisonment, brought to trial before a council of war. They were both found guilty and hanged, drawn and quartered in Wine Street, Bristol, on 30 May 1643.

In his speech to the populace at the place of execution Bouchier exhorted all those who had set their hands to the plough (meaning the defence of the royal cause) not to be terrified by his and his fellow-prisoner's sufferings into withdrawing their exertions in the king's service. There is a small portrait of Bouchier in the preface to William Winstanley's Loyall Martyrology, 1665.

Robert Yeamans
Robert Yeamans or Yeomans (died 1643) was an English merchant of Bristol who in early 1643 plotted with other Royalists to aid in the capture of Bristol by the Royalists.  The plot was discovered by the parliamentary governor Nathaniel Fiennes and Yeomans was tried as a traitor, found guilty by court-martial and executed.