hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Union of Postal Clerks
The National Union of Postal Clerks (Norwegian: Poståpnernes Landsforbund, PLF) was a trade union representing workers at sub-post offices in Norway.

The union was founded in 1909, and affiliated to the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions in 1954.  By 1963, it had 2,524 members.  In 1977, it merged with the Norwegian Union of Postal Officials, to form the Norwegian Post Organisation.

Norwegian Union of Postal Officials
The Norwegian Union of Postal Officials (Norwegian: Det norske Postmannslag, DNP) was a trade union representing administrative, district and head post office staff in Norway.

The union was founded in 1884, as the Kristiana Postal Functionaries' Union.  It became the DNP in 1893, when it began admitting members nationwide.   It affiliated to the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions in 1952, and by 1963, it had 3,127 members.  In 1977, it merged with the National Union of Postal Clerks, to form the Norwegian Post Organisation.
Peter Herbert Jensen
Peter Herbert Jensen (28 November 1913 – 17 August 1955) was a German experimental nuclear physicist. During World War II, he worked on the German nuclear energy project, known as the Uranverein. After the war, he was a department director in the high-voltage section of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, in Mainz, and a supernumerary professor at the University of Mainz.

Arnold Flammersfeld
Arnold Rudolf Karl Flammersfeld (February 10, 1913 – January 5, 2001) was a German nuclear physicist who worked on the German nuclear energy project during World War II. From 1954, he was a professor of physics at the University of Göttingen.
Mahdalynivka
Mahdalynivka (Ukrainian: Магдалинiвка; Russian: Магдалиновка) is a rural settlement in Samar Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Mahdalynivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 6,119 (2022 estimate).

Samar Raion
Samar Raion (Ukrainian: Самарівський район), until 2024 known as Novomoskovsk Raion (Ukrainian: Новомосковський район), is a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Samar. Population: 167,526 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Novomoskovsk Raion was significantly expanded. One abolished raion, Mahdalynivka Raion, as well as the city of Novomoskovsk (which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion), were merged into Novomoskovsk Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 71,613 (2020 est.).

On 19 September 2024, the Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Novomoskovsk Raion to Samar Raion.
Bijou Funnies
Bijou Funnies was an American underground comix magazine which published eight issues between 1968 and 1973. Edited by Chicago-based cartoonist Jay Lynch, Bijou Funnies featured strong work by the core group of Lynch, Skip Williamson, Robert Crumb, and Jay Kinney, as well as Art Spiegelman, Gilbert Shelton, Justin Green, and Kim Deitch. Bijou Funnies was heavily influenced by Mad magazine, and, along with Zap Comix, is considered one of the titles to launch the underground comix movement.

Skip Williamson
Mervyn "Skip" Williamson (August 19, 1944 – March 16, 2017) was an American underground cartoonist and central figure in the underground comix movement. Williamson's art was published in the National Lampoon, High Times, the Realist, the Industrial Worker, the Chicago Seed, Encyclopædia Britannica and others. His best-known character is Snappy Sammy Smoot.
Hunters Hill
Hunters Hill  is a suburb of Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Hunters Hill is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north-west of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the Municipality of Hunter's Hill.

Hunters Hill is situated on a small peninsula that separates the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers. It can be reached by bus or by ferry.

The Garibaldi
The Garibaldi is a heritage-listed building in Sydney, Australia. Located on Ferry Street in the suburb of Hunters Hill, New South Wales, it has seen use at different times as a residence, inn and retail building. It was built from 1861 to 1862 by John Cuneo. It is also known as Garibaldi and The Garibaldi Inn. The property is owned by Garibaldi Inn (Private). It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Rodrigo Marangoni
Rodrigo Daniel Marangoni (born February 21, 1978, in Paraná, Entre Ríos Province) is a former Argentine football midfielder who played for last time in Atlético Huila.

A player of good passing skills, he is also a freekick specialist.

Atlético Huila
Atlético Huila is a professional Colombian football team based in Neiva, that last played in the Categoría Primera B. The club was founded in 1990, making it one of the youngest professional football clubs in Colombia.

The club's best seasons came in the late 2000s; they finished runners-up in 2007 and again in 2009. They played their home games at the Estadio Guillermo Plazas Alcid, which has a capacity of 27,000. The club entered into a hiatus at the end of the 2025 season, following infrastructure issues with its home stadium that led its owners to move the squad to Yumbo, Valle del Cauca Department along with their membership in Dimayor, while its brand stayed in Neiva after it was transferred to a new owner.

Huila had a long-standing rivalry with Deportes Tolima, known as the Tolima Grande derby. The club also had a futsal team named Ultrahuilca Coomotor.
Flirting with Twilight
Flirting with Twilight is a 2001 studio album by Kurt Elling. It continues in the direction of his previous studio album, This Time It's Love, focusing mostly on ballad material.

When asked about his motivation for the album, Elling said “I remember reading that Bill Evans once said that he wanted to [play] as simply as possible, because he wanted people to hear what he had to say. And when I read that, I said to myself, `Yeah. How about that.’ It’s the less-is-more approach, and it shows a little accessibility. If it has the happy side effect of bringing more people to the music, that’s great."

Kurt Elling
Kurt Elling (born November 2, 1967) is an American jazz singer and songwriter.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in Rockford, Elling became interested in music through his father, who was Kapellmeister at a Lutheran church.  He sang in choirs and played musical instruments. He encountered jazz while a student at Gustavus Adolphus College in Minnesota. After college, he enrolled in the University of Chicago Divinity School, but he left one credit short of a degree to pursue a career as a jazz vocalist.

Elling began to perform around Chicago, scat singing and improvising his lyrics.  He recorded a demo in the early 1990s and was signed by Blue Note. He has been nominated for seventeen Grammy Awards, winning Best Vocal Jazz Album for Dedicated to You (2009) and Secrets Are the Best Stories (2021).  Elling often leads the Down Beat magazine Critics' Poll. He had a longtime collaboration with pianist Laurence Hobgood, leading a quartet that toured throughout the world.
Bogotá metropolitan area
Metropolitan Area of Bogotá is the metropolitan area of the Colombian capital city of Bogotá, usually used for statistical analysis or technical use. It is not a formal administrative division and its limits are therefore not defined.

A study defined the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá as the territory of the Capital District and 17 of the surrounding municipalities in the Department of Cundinamarca; Soacha, Facatativá, Zipaquirá, Chía, Mosquera, Madrid, Funza, Cajicá, Sibaté, Tocancipá, La Calera, Sopó, Tabio, Tenjo, Cota, Gachancipá and Bojacá. Bogotá and its metropolitan area (ranging in altitude from 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) to 4,200 metres (13,800 ft)) had a population of 9.8 million in 2015.

Mosquera, Cundinamarca
Mosquera is a municipality of Colombia in the Western Savanna Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. Mosquera is close to the capital Bogotá and is part of its metropolitan area. The urban centre of Mosquera is situated at an altitude of 2,516 metres (8,255 ft) on the Bogotá savanna. The municipality borders the localities Bosa and Fontibón of Bogotá in the east, Soacha in the south, Madrid and Funza in the north and Bojacá in the west.
Uppingham Rural District
Uppingham was a rural district in Rutland, England from 1894 to 1974, covering the south of the county.

The rural district was formed by the Local Government Act 1894 from the part of the Uppingham rural sanitary district in Rutland. At the same time, the remainder of Uppingham RSD, which lay in Leicestershire and Northamptonshire became Hallaton Rural District and Gretton Rural District respectively.

The only town in the district was Uppingham.

The rural district was abolished in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. Uppingham RD was merged with three other authorities to become the non-metropolitan district of Rutland.

Gretton Rural District
Gretton was a rural district in Northamptonshire, England from 1894 to 1935.  It was formed from the Northamptonshire part of the Uppingham rural sanitary district (the Rutland parts of which formed Uppingham Rural District and the Leicestershire parts of which formed Hallaton Rural District).

It consisted of the following parishes

Fineshade

Gretton

Harringworth

Laxton

Rockingham

Wakerley

It was abolished under a County Review Order and split, with Gretton and Rockingham going to Kettering Rural District and the other four parishes going to the new Oundle and Thrapston Rural District.
It's All Over Town
It's All Over Town is a 1964 British musical second feature ('B') film directed by Douglas Hickox and starring Frankie Vaughan, Lance Percival and Willie Rushton. It includes songs performed by Vaughan, The Springfields, Clodagh Rodgers, The Bachelors, Acker Bilk and The Hollies. It was written by Stewart Farrar.

Frankie Vaughan
Frankie Vaughan CBE DL (born Frank Fruim Abelson; 3 February 1928 – 17 September 1999) was an English singer and actor who became popular in the 1950s and 60s, recording more than 80 easy listening and traditional pop singles in his lifetime. He was known as "Mr. Moonlight" after his signature song "Give Me the Moonlight, Give Me the Girl". Two of Vaughan's singles topped the UK Singles Chart: "The Garden of Eden" (1957) and "Tower of Strength" (1961). He starred in several films, including a role opposite Marilyn Monroe in Let's Make Love (1960).
Special Labor Inspector
Special Labor Inspector (Korean: 특별근로감독관 조장풍) is a 2019 South Korean television series starring Kim Dong-wook, Park Se-young, Ryu Deok-hwan and Kim Kyung-nam. It aired from April 8 to May 28, 2019 on MBC TV.

Park Se-young
Park Se-young (Korean: 박세영; born July 30, 1988) is a South Korean actress. She rose to fame in 2012 with supporting roles in the television dramas Faith and School 2013. Park has since played leading roles in A Tale Of Two Sisters (2013) and Glorious Day (2014), as well as the film The Cat Funeral (2015).
Spark (Hiromi album)
Spark is the fourth and final studio album from Hiromi Uehara's Trio Project featuring bassist Anthony Jackson and drummer Simon Phillips. The album was released on February 12, 2016 by Telarc.

The album reached the No. 1 position on Billboard Jazz Albums chart for the week of April 23, 2016.

Anthony Jackson (musician)
Anthony Claiborne Jackson (June 23, 1952 – October 19, 2025) was an American bassist. Described as "one of the masters of the instrument", he performed as a session musician and live artist. He is also credited with the development of the modern six-string bass, which he referred to as an electric contrabass guitar.
Psychokinesis (film)
Psychokinesis (Korean: 염력; RR: Yeomnyeok) is a 2018 South Korean superhero film written and directed by Yeon Sang-ho. The film stars Ryu Seung-ryong, Shim Eun-kyung, Park Jeong-min, Kim Min-jae and Jung Yu-mi in the lead roles. This is director Yeon Sang-ho's second live-action film, following his live-action debut Train to Busan in 2016. It is the first South Korean superhero film, and revolves around a bank security guard who gains telekinetic superpowers after drinking water from a mountain spring affected by a meteor, and decides to use them for saving his estranged daughter and her neighborhood from an evil construction company.

Psychokinesis was released on January 31, 2018 in South Korean theaters, in both 2D as well as ScreenX formats. The film was later on made available to stream globally on Netflix starting April 25, 2018.

Shim Eun-kyung
Shim Eun-kyung (Korean: 심은경; born May 31, 1994) is a South Korean actress. She starred in the box office hits Sunny (2011), Miss Granny (2014) and Fabricated City (2017), as well as television series Naeil's Cantabile (2014). She has starred in both Korean and Japanese language entertainment. In 2020, she became the first Korean to win Best Actress at the Japanese Academy Awards (Japan's equivalent of the Oscars).
Claire Maxwell (netball)
Claire Maxwell (born 10 August 1988), also known as Claire Brownie, is a Scotland netball international. She captained Scotland at both the 2018 Commonwealth Games and the 2019 Netball World Cup. She also represented Scotland at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the 2015 Netball World Cup. At club level, she has played for Glasgow Wildcats, Team Bath and Sirens in the Netball Superleague and for Team Northumbria and Loughborough Lightning in the British Fast5 Netball All-Stars Championship.

Team Bath (netball)
Team Bath is an English netball team based at the University of Bath. In 2005–06 they were both founder members and the inaugural champions of the Super League. They were Super League champions again in 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10 and 2013, and British Fast5 All-Stars Champions in 2021.  In 2023, England Netball announced plans to relaunch the Netball Super League in 2025, with an aim to professionalise the league. During the tender process, the new operating standards for clubs made it unfeasible for Team Bath's senior team to participate in the league and it was disbanded after the 2024 season. The franchise was given a license to continue to deliver the southwest performance pathway on behalf of England Netball including a NXT Gen team.

The netball team is one of several sports teams based at the University of Bath that use the Team Bath brand name. Others include an association football team and a field hockey team.
Fools' Parade
Fools' Parade is a 1971 American crime drama period film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen, starring James Stewart and George Kennedy, with supporting roles by Strother Martin, Kurt Russell, William Windom, Mike Kellin and Anne Baxter. It is based on the novel of the same name by Davis Grubb. The film is also known as Dynamite Man from Glory Jail.

Strother Martin
Strother Douglas Martin Jr. (March 26, 1919 – August 1, 1980) was an American character actor who often appeared in support of John Wayne and Paul Newman and in Western films directed by John Ford and Sam Peckinpah.

Among Martin's memorable performances is his portrayal of the warden or "captain" of a state prison camp in the 1967 film Cool Hand Luke, in which he utters the line "What we've got here is failure to communicate." The line is number 11 on the American Film Institute list of 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes.
Wir brauchen... Werner
"Wir brauchen... Werner" (We need... Werner) is a song recorded for the film "Werner – Beinhart!", which is the first film made about the German comics hero Werner. Die Ärzte was supposed to record it and the song was supposed to be the theme song for the film, however, Die Ärzte was on hiatus in the time and the song was instead recorded by Die Ärzte's members Bela B. and Farin Urlaub a.k.a. Jan; the song became the end credits song and didn't do well on charts.

The longer version is also on the soundtrack; the shorter version is only on the single, it's also more lively. Also, "Hau wech" was on the soundtrack.

Bela B
Dirk Albert Felsenheimer (born 14 December 1962), better known under his stage name Bela B (formerly Bela B.), is a German musician, songwriter, actor and author, best known for being the drummer and one of the singers of punk rock band Die Ärzte. In 2006, he released his first solo album entitled Bingo. He is also an actor and has done several voice-overs for television and film.
Specular reflection
Specular reflection, or regular reflection, is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface.

The law of reflection states that a reflected ray of light emerges from the reflecting surface at the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray, but on the opposing side of the surface normal. The incident and reflected rays lie in a plane known as the plane of incidence. The angles of the two rays to the normal are known as the angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

The earliest known description of this behavior was recorded by Hero of Alexandria (AD c. 10–70). Later, Alhazen gave a complete statement of the law of reflection. He was first to state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in a same plane perpendicular to reflecting plane.

Specular reflection may be contrasted with diffuse reflection, in which light is scattered away from the surface in a range of directions.

Plane of incidence
In describing reflection and refraction in optics, the plane of incidence (also called the incidence plane or the meridional plane) is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation. (In wave optics, the latter is the k-vector, or wavevector, of the incoming wave.)

When reflection is specular, as it is for a mirror or other shiny surface, the reflected ray also lies in the plane of incidence; when refraction also occurs, the refracted ray lies in the same plane. The condition of co-planarity among incident ray, surface normal, and reflected ray (refracted ray) is known as the first law of reflection (first law of refraction, respectively).
Tim Teitelbaum
(Ray) Tim Teitelbaum (born April 12, 1943, United States) is an American computer scientist known for his early work on integrated development environments (IDEs), syntax-directed editing, and incremental computation. He is Professor Emeritus at Cornell University. As an educator and faculty member of the Cornell University Computer Science Department since 1973,  he was recognized for his large-scale teaching of introductory programming, and for his mentoring of highly successful graduate students. As a businessman, he is known for having co-founded GrammaTech, Inc. and for having been its sole CEO from 1988 to 2019.

GrammaTech
GrammaTech is a cybersecurity research services company based in Ithaca, New York. The company was founded in 1988 as a technology spin-off of Cornell University. GrammaTech software research services include the following; software analysis, vulnerability detection and mitigation, binary transformation and hardening, and autonomous computing. In September 2023, Battery Ventures acquired GrammaTech's software products division, including the CodeSonar and CodeSentry product lines. Thus establishing a new, independent entity that will operate under the CodeSecure, Inc. name and be headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland.
The Faces of Love: The Songs of Jake Heggie
The Faces of Love is a 78-minute studio album of contemporary classical songs composed by Jake Heggie, performed by Brian Asawa, Zheng Cao, Kristin Clayton, Renée Fleming, Nicolle Foland, Jennifer Larmore, Sylvia McNair, Frederica von Stade and Carol Vaness, with piano accompaniment by Heggie and with two contributions by cellist Emil Miland. It was released in 1999.

Zheng Cao
Zheng Cao (July 9, 1966 – February 21, 2013) was a Chinese-born, American operatic mezzo-soprano known for her signature role of Suzuki in Madama Butterfly. She performed this role with opera companies such as San Francisco Opera, Grand Théâtre de Genève, Pittsburgh Opera, Vancouver Opera, Washington National Opera and San Diego Opera, and under the baton of Seiji Ozawa with the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Her portrayal of the role of Cherubino in The Marriage of Figaro also earned her recognition at several American opera companies, including San Francisco Opera, Pittsburgh Opera, and Houston Grand Opera. She died from lung cancer in San Francisco, California in 2013.
Patrilineality
Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is distinguished from cognate kinship which is through any combination of lineages, and from matrilineality which is through the mother's lineage, also called the spindle side, the distaff side or enatic kinship.

A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males.

Primogeniture
Primogeniture (/ˌpraɪməˈdʒɛnɪtʃər, -oʊ-/) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit all or most of their parent's estate, as well as succeed their parent as the ruler of a state.

Primogeniture stands in contrast to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relative. In most contexts, it means the inheritance of the firstborn son (agnatic primogeniture). It can also mean by the firstborn daughter (matrilineal primogeniture), or firstborn child (absolute primogeniture).

Research shows that authoritarian regimes that rely on primogeniture for succession were more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements. Scholars have linked primogeniture to a decline in regicide, as clear rules of succession reduce the number of people who could (absent a coup d'état) replace a ruler, thus making it less desirable to cause the death of the monarch.
Don Nicholls
Donald Charles Nicholls (23 November 1936 – 10 September 2023) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Nicholls won the 1952 Maryborough District Football League best and fairest award with Primrose Football Club, before playing with Maryborough Football Club in the Ballarat Football League and winning the Ballarat FL best and fairest award in 1953.

The Carlton Football Club recruited Nicholls from the Maryborough Football Club in 1956. The Blues would later sign his younger brother John. Their father ensured that both brothers would play together with one club. Don played 77 senior games as a centreman for Carlton from 1956, when he was Carlton's best first-year player, to 1961.

In 1962 he left Carlton to play for Box Hill.

Don Nicholls died in September 2023, at the age of 86.

John Nicholls (footballer)
John Robert Nicholls (born 13 August 1939) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Carlton Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Widely regarded as one of Australian football's greatest players, Nicholls was the first Carlton player to play 300 games for the club, and was declared the club's greatest player. He represented Victoria a record 31 times in interstate football, and was inducted as one of the inaugural Legends when the Australian Football Hall of Fame was established in 1996. Nicholls played most of his football as a ruckman, and although at 189 centimetres he was not especially tall, he compensated his lack of height with his intelligence and imposing physical presence, which earned him the nickname 'Big Nick'. His rivalry with fellow Australian football legend Graham Farmer raised the standard of ruck play during the 1960s.