hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portable water purification
Portable water purification devices are self-contained, easily transported units used to purify water from untreated sources (such as rivers, lakes, and wells) for drinking purposes. Their main function is to eliminate pathogens, and often also suspended solids and some unpalatable or toxic compounds.

These units provide an autonomous supply of drinking water to people without access to clean water supply services, including inhabitants of developing countries and disaster areas, military personnel, campers, hikers, and workers in wilderness, and survivalists. They are also called point-of-use water treatment systems and field water disinfection techniques.

Techniques include heat (including boiling), filtration, activated charcoal adsorption, chemical disinfection (e.g. chlorination, iodine, ozonation, etc.), ultraviolet purification (including sodis), distillation (including solar distillation), and flocculation. Often these are used in combination.

Wilderness-acquired diarrhea
Wilderness-acquired diarrhea is a variety of traveler's diarrhea in which backpackers and other outdoor enthusiasts are affected. Potential sources are contaminated food or water, or "hand-to-mouth", directly from another person who is infected. Cases generally resolve spontaneously, with or without treatment, and the cause is typically unknown. The National Outdoor Leadership School has recorded about one incident per 5,000 person-field days by following strict protocols on hygiene and water treatment.  More limited, separate studies have presented highly varied estimated rates of affliction that range from 3 percent to 74 percent of wilderness visitors.  One survey found that long-distance Appalachian Trail hikers reported diarrhea as their most common illness. Based on reviews of epidemiologic data and literature, some researchers believe that the risks have been over-stated and are poorly understood by the public.
Evaristo Rocha
Evaristo Rocha was a conservative Nicaraguan politician who served as acting Supreme Director of Nicaragua between 5 April and 30 June 1839.

The first Nicaraguan Government was essentially a transitional government intended to prepare for the transition to a constitutional order. Although according to the constitution the term of office of the Supreme Director lasted two years, on 5 January 1839, the first Supreme Director, José Núñez transferred power to Joaquín del Cossío, making him acting Supreme Director, but Rocha essentially took that position. It is unknown when Cossío actually took office.

On 5 September 1849, Rocha welcomed the United States Ambassador to Nicaragua, Ephraim George Squier in El Viejo.

José Núñez (politician)
José Núñez (1800 – 5 March 1880) was a conservative Nicaraguan doctor and politician who served as the 11th, 13th, and 15th Supreme Chief of Nicaragua, and 1st Supreme Director of Independent Nicaragua.

Núñez and Joaquín del Cossío were the most important figures in the Independence of Nicaragua, as they began the first and second transitional governments that lead to Nicaragua's independence.
Momin Saqib
Momin Saqib is a Pakistani actor. He rose to prominence with his viral video and gained on-screen mass media prominence with the portrayal of Essa Qudratullah in Hum TV's Raqs-e-Bismil, for which he received Hum Award for Best Television Sensation Male and a nomination of Best Emerging Talent at 21st Lux Style Awards.

Raqs-e-Bismil
Raqs-e-Bismil (Urdu: رقص بسمل, lit. 'Dance of the Wounded') is a Pakistani television series that premiered on Hum TV from 25 December 2020 to 9 July 2021. It is directed by acclaimed film director Wajahat Rauf and produced by his wife Shazia Wajahat under Showcase Productions. It features Imran Ashraf and Sarah Khan as leads. It is digitally available on Hum TV's YouTube channel.
Maxine Dexter
Maxine Elizabeth Dexter (née Johnson, born December 5, 1972) is an American physician and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Oregon's 3rd congressional district since 2025. The district includes most of Portland east of the Willamette River.
A member of the Democratic Party, she previously represented the 33rd district of the Oregon House of Representatives from 2020 to 2024, which covers parts of Northwest Portland, as well as Cedar Mill, Oak Hills, and most of Bethany.

In May 2024, Dexter won the Democratic primary for Oregon's 3rd district after facing fellow Portland Democrat Susheela Jayapal. She was elected to the United States House of Representatives on November 5, 2024.

Oregon's 3rd congressional district
Oregon's 3rd congressional district covers most of Multnomah County, including Gresham, Troutdale, and most of Portland east of the Willamette River (parts of Northwest and Southwest Portland lie in the 1st and 5th districts).  It also includes the northeastern part of Clackamas County and all of Hood River County.

The district has been represented by Democrat Maxine Dexter since 2025. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+24, it is the most Democratic district in Oregon and the second most Democratic district in the Pacific Northwest after Washington's 7th.
Angoon, Alaska
Angoon (sometimes formerly spelled Angun, Tlingit: Aangóon) is a city on Admiralty Island, Alaska, United States. As of the 2020 census, Angoon had a population of 357. For statistical purposes, it is in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area.

The name in Tlingit, Aangóon, means roughly "isthmus town." It is the headquarters of the Angoon Community Association, a federally recognized tribe of Tlingit people.

Angoon Community Association
The Angoon Community Association is a federally recognized tribe in Alaska, United States. This Alaska Native tribe is headquartered in Angoon, Alaska. They are Tlingit.

The tribe belong to the Kootznoowoo Tlingit people (Tlingit: Xootsnoowú Ḵwáan). The name Kootznoowoo translates as  "fortress of brown bears". The tribe has 450 enrolled citizens.
Silverdale, Hamilton
Silverdale is a suburb in south-eastern Hamilton in New Zealand. It is east from Hillcrest and home to Hillcrest High School, despite the school's name. Part of Silverdale is covered by the University of Waikato.

Hillcrest High School, Hamilton
Hillcrest High School is a state coeducational secondary school located in south-eastern Hamilton, New Zealand. The school is named after the suburb of Hillcrest for which it serves, although the school itself is actually located in Silverdale. Opened in 1972, the school has a roll of 1,760 students as of October 2025. making it the second-largest school in Hamilton.
Tofu Street
Tofu Street (Chinese: 豆腐街) is a 1996 Singaporean Chinese-language drama series.

The series stars Cynthia Koh, Peter Yu, Ix Shen, Brandon Wong, Jacelyn Tay, He Yong Fang, Zheng Geping and Carole Lin. The series' theme song, 'Moonlight in the City', was sung by Mavis Hee.

It won the first Star Awards for Best Drama Serial at the Star Awards, an annual awards given by Mediacorp.

Jacelyn Tay
Jacelyn Tay Siew Cheng (born 12 June 1975) is a Singaporean health coach, businesswoman and former actress.

During the 2000s, Tay established herself. She won the Star Awards for Top 10 Most Popular Female Artistes seven times, and was nominated for the Star Awards for Best Actress five times.

In 2004 and 2005 respectively, Tay published the books Feel Good Look Good with Jacelyn and Make-up for Asian Women. She further pursued a career in the wellness industry in 2006 by setting up Body Inc. Holistic Wellness Centre. She is currently a wellness coach and a registered BFR practitioner.
Kaufman County, Texas
Kaufman County is a county in the northeastern area of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 145,310. Its county seat is Kaufman. Both the county, established in 1848, and the city were named for David S. Kaufman, a U.S. Representative and diplomat from Texas. Kaufman County is part of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Western artist Frank Reaugh moved from Illinois to Kaufman County in 1876, where he was directly inspired for such paintings as The Approaching Herd (1902).

Rockwall County, Texas
Rockwall County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 107,819, and was estimated to be 131,307 in 2023, and 137,044 in 2024. Its county seat is Rockwall and both the county and city are named for a wall-like subterranean rock formation that runs throughout the county. Rockwall County is part of the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan statistical area. It was one of the top 25 fastest-growing counties in the U.S. in 2009. Rockwall County is listed as the wealthiest county in Texas and the 17th-wealthiest in the United States by median household income. Cities in Rockwall County include Rockwall, Heath, Royse City, Fate, McClendon-Chisholm, Mobile City, and part of Rowlett.
Carrier Air Wing (video game)
Carrier Air Wing, released in Japan as U.S. Navy, is a 1990 side-scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. It is the spiritual successor to U.N. Squadron, which was released in the previous year.  A version for the Capcom Power System Changer was planned and previewed but never released. It was later re-released on Capcom Arcade Stadium.

Capcom Arcade Stadium
Capcom Arcade Stadium is a 2021 video game compilation developed and published by Capcom. It includes 32 arcade games originally published by Capcom between 1984 and 2001. It comes with a single free game, and the others require individual purchases. It was initially released on Switch, then on PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One, and later Amazon Luna. A second compilation, Capcom Arcade 2nd Stadium, was released in 2022.

This was preceded in 2013 by Capcom Arcade Cabinet for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.
Fab Five: The Texas Cheerleader Scandal
Fab Five: The Texas Cheerleader Scandal is a 2008 American teen drama telefilm produced by Lifetime. It stars Jenna Dewan, Ashley Benson, and Tatum O'Neal, and was directed by Tom McLoughlin. The film premiered on August 2, 2008. It is based on real-life events that occurred at McKinney North High School in McKinney, Texas, in 2006, five teenage cheerleaders became notorious for truancies, violations of the school dress code, and general disrespect to the school community.

McKinney North High School
McKinney North High School (commonly known as North, McKinney North, or MNHS) is a public secondary school located on 2550 Wilmeth Road in McKinney, Texas, US. The school is part of the McKinney Independent School District. Mckinney North currently holds the most zoned space in McKinney. McKinney North High School opened to its first freshman class in the year 2000. North was also recently updated to a "recognized" status via the TEA.
Ben Klassen
Bernhardt "Ben" Klassen ((1918-02-20)February 20, 1918 (O.S. February 7, 1918) – (1993-08-06)August 6, 1993) was an American white supremacist politician and religious leader. He founded the Church of the Creator with the publication of his book Nature's Eternal Religion in 1973. Klassen was openly racist, antisemitic and anti-Christian and first popularized the term "Racial Holy War" within the White Power movement.

Klassen was a Republican Florida state legislator for several months, as well as a supporter of George Wallace's presidential campaign. In addition to his religious and political work, Klassen was an electrical engineer and he was also the inventor of a wall-mounted electric can-opener. Klassen held unorthodox views about dieting and health. He was a natural hygienist who opposed the germ theory of disease as well as conventional medicine and promoted a fruitarian, raw food diet.

Fruitarianism
Fruitarianism (/fruːˈtɛəriənɪzəm/) is a diet that consists primarily of consuming fruits and possibly nuts and seeds, but without any animal products. Fruitarian diets are subject to criticism and health concerns.

Fruitarianism may be adopted for different reasons, including ethical, religious, environmental, cultural, economic, and presumed health benefits. A fruitarian diet may increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies, such as reduced intake of vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc, omega-3 or protein.
XHIT-FM
XEIT-AM/XHIT-FM is an AM-FM combo radio station in Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico, broadcasting on 1070 AM and 99.7 FM. It is operated by Organización Radio Carmen and carries the Exa FM pop format from MVS Radio. It is owned 50 percent by members of the Boeta family and 50% by Grupo Radiorama.

MVS Radio
MVS Radio are a group of four international Spanish-language radio networks owned by the mass media conglomerate MVS Comunicaciones. The group of radio networks consists of Exa FM, La Mejor FM, Globo and MVS Noticias and are broadcast in a various Latin American countries including Argentina, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and the United States.
Settlin'
"Settlin'" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music duo Sugarland. It was released in January 2007 as the second single from their album Enjoy the Ride, and their second consecutive number one hit. The song reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.  It was written by Jennifer Nettles, Kristian Bush and  Tim Owens. It was the theme song for the 2007 ACC tournament.

Kristian Bush
Kristian Merrill Bush (born March 14, 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. Bush is one half of the country music duo Sugarland with Jennifer Nettles, and was a member of the folk rock duo Billy Pilgrim with Andrew Hyra. In addition to his work in these two groups, Bush released one solo album, Southern Gravity, via Streamsound Records in 2015, and four solo albums via Big Machine Records, 52 ATL x BNA, 52 | In The Key Of Summer, 52 | New Blue, and 52 | This Year in 2022 and 2023. In 2023 Bush also released an EP titled Drink Happy Thoughts on his own label Songs Of The Architect.
Oui Oui, Si Si, Ja Ja, Da Da
Oui Oui Si Si Ja Ja Da Da is the tenth studio album by the English ska and pop band Madness, released on their own Lucky 7 Records label through Cooking Vinyl in the United Kingdom on 29 October 2012 and in the United States on 13 November 2012. The album does not feature founding member and bassist Mark Bedford, who was on hiatus from the band at the time. The album cover is by Peter Blake and features rejected titles for the album crossed out. The album was preceded by a 'teaser' song, "Death of a Rude Boy", available as a digital download from 12 August 2012 (along with a remix by Andrew Weatherall).

Oui Oui Si Si Ja Ja Da Da debuted at number No. 10 on the UK Albums Chart on 4 November 2012, becoming Madness' seventh studio album out of ten to reach the top 10 in the UK. It received favourable reviews in Q, Mojo, The Arts Desk and London evening newspaper Evening Standard amongst others, the notable exception being a poor review in the NME.

Mark Bedford
Mark William Bedford (born 24 August 1961), nicknamed Bedders, is an English musician, songwriter and composer. Bedford came to prominence in the late 1970s as the bassist for the ska and pop band Madness.
Chairville, New Jersey
Chairville is a rural unincorporated community located along the border of Medford and Southampton townships in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The settlement is named for a chair parts factory that operated from 1845 to 1890. Also located in the area were the Peacock Cemetery, a sawmill, and a one-room schoolhouse. Today, the site is located at the intersection of Chairville Road and New Jersey Route 70 and Little Creek.

Medford, New Jersey
Medford is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 24,497, an increase of 1,464 (+6.4%) from the 2010 census count of 23,033, which in turn reflected an increase of 780 (+3.5%) from the 22,253 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

Medford was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 1, 1847, from portions of Evesham Township, based on the results of a referendum held that day. Portions of the township were taken to form Shamong Township (February 19, 1852), Lumberton (March 14, 1860), and Medford Lakes (May 17, 1939). The township is part of the South Jersey region of the state.
American Marketing Association
The American Marketing Association (AMA) is a professional association for marketing professionals with 30,000 members as of 2012. It has 76 professional chapters and 250 collegiate chapters across the United States.

The AMA was formed in 1937 (1937) from the merger of two predecessor organizations, the National Association of Marketing Teachers and the American Marketing Society. It also publishes a number of handbooks and research monographs. The AMA publishes the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Journal of International Marketing, Journal of Interactive Marketing, and Marketing News. It sponsors the collegiate honor society, Alpha Mu Alpha.

Journal of Marketing
The Journal of Marketing is a bimonthly scholarly journal that publishes peer-reviewed research in marketing. It is published by the American Marketing Association. Established in 1936, It is the fourth-oldest major journal covering marketing issues; others include the Harvard Business Review (1920), the Journal of Retailing (1925), and the Journal of Business (1928).
Rosita (film)
Rosita is a 1923 silent American historical comedy drama film directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Mary Pickford. The film is based upon an 1872 opera Don César de Bazan by Adolphe d'Ennery and Philippe Dumanoir.

Ernst Lubitsch
Ernst Lubitsch (/ˈluːbɪtʃ/; January 29, 1892 – November 30, 1947) was a German and American film director, producer, writer, and actor. His urbane comedies of manners gave him the reputation of being Hollywood's most elegant and sophisticated director; as his prestige grew, his films were promoted as having "the Lubitsch touch". Among his best known works are Trouble in Paradise (1932), Design for Living (1933), Ninotchka (1939), The Shop Around the Corner (1940), To Be or Not to Be (1942) and Heaven Can Wait (1943).

He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director three times, for The Patriot (1928), The Love Parade (1929), and Heaven Can Wait (1943); his pictures The Smiling Lieutenant and One Hour with You were also nominated for Outstanding Production in 1932. In 1946, he received an Honorary Academy Award for his distinguished contributions to the art of the motion picture.
42nd Division (Spain)
The 42nd Division (Spanish: 42.ª División) was a division of the Spanish Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War.

This unit was involved in the Battle of Alfambra —part of the Battle of Teruel, as well as in the Battle of the Ebro, suffering grievous losses in both battles.

Battle of Alfambra
The Battle of Alfambra took place near Alfambra from 5 to 8 February 1938, during the Spanish Civil War, and was a part of the Battle of Teruel. After the conquest of Teruel by the Republican army, the Nationalists started a counteroffensive in order to reocuppy Teruel. On 5 February, a huge Nationalist force broke the republican lines north of Teruel towards the Alfambra River, took 7,000 republican prisoners and threatened the Republican forces in Teruel.
Carlo Piacenza
Carlo Piacenza (December 3, 1814 in Turin – 1887) was an Italian painter, mainly of Genre landscape scenes of the Piedmont.

At the age of 20 years abandons his father's business, and becomes a pupil at the Accademia Albertina under Giovanni Battista Biscarra. He then apprentices with Pietro Fea. In 1840 he exits the academy. When Ernesto Allason became ill, he substituted for some time as tutor to the Savoyard princess in Turin. Among his works are:

Pietro Fea
Pietro Fea (7 August 1771 – 15 April 1842) was an Italian painter.

He was born in Casale Monferrato to a town merchant; but orphaned at a young age, he apprenticed with  Giovanni Galliari, who was active in painting at the Teatro Regio di Torino. He then became a pupil of Laurent Pêcheux in Turin. In 1805, he built an ephemeral celebration float for the visit of Napoleon to Turin. He gained patronage of the Savoy Court, including painting for the Royal Govone Castle and now-lost frescoes for the ball-room of the Royal Palace of Turin. In 1825, he decorated some rooms of the Palazzo Doria-Tursi in Genoa. He painted frescoes for the Palazzo del Pozzo in Moncalvo. In 1829, he painted frescoes for the church of San Lorenzo in Turin. That year, he was named professor of perspective for the Accademia Albertina. One of his pupils was Carlo Piacenza. He died in Casalborgone.
The Flirtation of Girls
Ghazal Al Banat (Arabic: غزل البنات, English: The Flirtation of Girls) is a 1949 Egyptian film.  It is Naguib Al Rihani's last film and was shown in cinemas after his death. Ghazal Al Banat was also the last appearance of Mohamed Abdel Wahab in film. The film was produced by Anwar Wagdi, who was married to the female lead, Laila Mourad.
The film also featured the first on-screen appearance of Hind Rostom, age 18 at the time, in a minor role as one of Laila's friends in the opening scene. However, Rostom was replaced in future scenes with Laila's friends because the producer felt she looked too young to be in Laila's friend group.

The movie was chosen by critics among the nine best 100 films in the history of Egyptian cinema in 1996 poll.

Mohammed Abdel Wahab
Mohammed Abdel Wahab (Arabic: محمد عبد الوهاب), pronounced [moˈħamːæd ˌʕæbd‿el wæˈhæːb]; 13 March 1902 – 4 May 1991), was an Egyptian singer and actor best known for his romantic and Egyptian patriotic songs.

He was known for his Egyptian nationalist and Arab nationalist and revolutionary songs like "O Egypt, Happiness Is Here", "The Call of Duty", "The Greatest Homeland", "The Rising Generation", "Egypt Called Us and We Have Answered", "Tell Egypt", "Patriotism Is My Obligation", "Voice of the Masses", "O Breeze of Freedom", and "Arms from My Country". He also composed the national anthem of Libya, which was adopted from 1951 to 1969, and again since 2011.
Legume
Legumes are plants in the pea family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants. When used as a dry grain for human consumption, the seeds are also called pulses. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, but also as livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure. Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit – a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides.

Most legumes have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobia, in structures called root nodules. Some of the fixed nitrogen becomes available to later crops, so legumes play a key role in crop rotation.

Rhizobia
Rhizobia are diazotrophic bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside the root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae). To express genes for nitrogen fixation, rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen. In general, they are gram negative, motile, non-sporulating rods.

Rhizobia are a "group of soil bacteria that infect the roots of legumes to form root nodules". Rhizobia are found in the soil and, after infection, produce nodules in the legume where they fix nitrogen gas (N2) from the atmosphere, turning it into a more readily useful form of nitrogen: ammonia (NH3). From here, the nitrogen is exported from the nodules and used for growth in the legume. Once the legume dies, the nodule breaks down and releases the rhizobia back into the soil, where they can live individually or reinfect a new legume host.