hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mid-Western Region, Nigeria
The Mid-Western Region was a division of Nigeria from 1963 to 1991, from 1976 being known as the Bendel state.

It was formed in June 1963 from Benin and Delta provinces of the Western Region, and its capital was Benin City. It was renamed a province in 1966, and in 1967 when the other provinces were divided into several states, it remained territorially intact, becoming a state.

During the Nigerian Civil War, the Biafran forces invaded the new Mid-Western state, en route to Lagos, in an attempt to force a quick end to the war. While under a short-lived Biafran occupation, the state was declared the "Republic of Benin". As Nigerian forces retook the region, the republic collapsed only a day after the declaration when Nigerian troops captured Benin City.

In 1976, the state was renamed Bendel, and in 1991 was divided into Delta State and Edo State.

Benin City
Benin City serves as the capital and largest metropolitan centre of Edo State, situated in southern Nigeria. It ranks as the fourth-most populous city in Nigeria, according to the 2006 national census, preceded by Lagos, Kano, and Ibadan.
Verne Citadel
Verne Citadel is a 19th-century citadel on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. Located on the highest point of Portland, Verne Hill, it sits in a commanding position overlooking Portland Harbour, which it was built to defend. In 1949, it became HM Prison The Verne.

Portland Harbour
Portland Harbour is beside the Isle of Portland, Dorset, on the south coast of England. Construction of the harbour began in 1849; when completed in 1872, its 520-hectare (1,300-acre) surface area made it the largest human-made harbour in the world, and it remains one of the largest in the world today. It is naturally sheltered by Portland to the south, Chesil Beach to the west and mainland Dorset to the north. It consists of four breakwaters: two southern and two northern. These have a total length of 4.57 km (2.84 mi) and enclose approximately 1,000 ha (2,500 acres) of water.

Portland Harbour was built by the Admiralty as a facility for the Royal Navy (though access was also available to merchant ships); on 11 December 1923 it was formally designated HM Naval Base (HMNB) Portland, and continued to serve as such until closure in 1995.
Claude-Henri Watelet
Claude-Henri Watelet (28 August 1718 – 12 January 1786)  was a rich French fermier-général who was an amateur painter, a well-respected etcher, a writer on the arts and a connoisseur of gardens. Watelet's inherited privilege of farming taxes in the Orléanais left him free to pursue his avocations, art and literature and gardens.  His Essai sur les jardins, 1774, firmly founded on English ideas expressed by Thomas Whately, introduced the English landscape garden to France, as the jardin Anglois. The sociable Watelet, who was born and died in Paris, was at the center of the French art world of his time.

Hubert Robert
Hubert Robert (French pronunciation: [ybɛʁ ʁɔbɛʁ]; 22 May 1733 – 15 April 1808) was a French painter in the school of Romanticism, noted especially for his landscape paintings and capricci, or semi-fictitious picturesque depictions of ruins in Italy and of France.
Far from the Madding Crowd (1915 film)
Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1915 British silent drama film produced and directed by Laurence Trimble and starring Florence Turner, Henry Edwards and Malcolm Cherry. Trimble also adapted Thomas Hardy's 1874 novel for the screen. Far from the Madding Crowd is a lost film. The film was the first adaptation on screen of the novel.

Laurence Trimble
Laurence Norwood Trimble (February 15, 1885 – February 8, 1954) was an American silent film director, writer and actor. Trimble began his film career directing Jean, the Vitagraph Dog, the first canine to have a leading role in motion pictures. He made his acting debut in the 1910 silent Saved by the Flag, directed scores of films for Vitagraph and other studios, and became head of production for Florence Turner's independent film company in England (1913–1916). Trimble was most widely known for his four films starring Strongheart, a German Shepherd dog he discovered and trained that became the first major canine film star. After he left filmmaking he trained animals exclusively, particularly guide dogs for the blind.
Jeongak
Jeongak (lit. "proper music") is a classical genre of Korean traditional music, in contrast with minsogak or Korean traditional folk music. The genre has traditionally been associated with the nobility and upper classes.

The best known pieces of jeongak are Sujecheon and the suite entitled Yeongsan Hoesang (영산회상; 靈山會相). Another commonly performed jeongak suite is called Cheonnyeonmanse (천년만세; 千年萬歲).

Jeongak includes court music (국중음악; gungjung eumak) and chamber music (풍류음악; pungryu eumak).

Traditional music of Korea
Korea has produced music (Korean: 음악; Hanja: 音樂; RR: eumak; MR: ŭmak) for thousands of years, into the modern day. After the division of Korea in 1945, both North and South Korea have produced their own styles of music.

Traditional music (국악; 國樂; gugak; lit. national music) produced by Korea includes court music, folk music, poetic songs, and religious music used in shamanistic and Buddhist traditions.

Modern music includes K-pop (케이팝; keipap), the popular music of South Korea. North Korea also produces its own popular music, as well as music that's inspired by traditional music.
Watchung Reservation
Watchung Reservation is the largest nature reserve in Union County, New Jersey, United States. The reservation consists mainly of the upper valley of Blue Brook, between the ridges of the First and Second Watchung Mountains. A dam near the headwaters of the creek creates Lake Surprise.

The reservation covers an area of 1,945 acres (787 ha). Parts of the reservation lie within the city of Summit, the borough of Mountainside, and the townships of Berkeley Heights, Scotch Plains, and Springfield.

The network of trails criss-crossing the reservation are popular with hikers and horseback riders. Biking on the trails is illegal.

Feltville Historic District
The Feltville Historic District, located in the Watchung Reservation in Berkeley Heights, Union County, New Jersey, United States, is a historic area which contains several buildings dating to the 18th century. It is known locally as "Deserted Village."

The district includes eight houses, a church, a carriage house, and a general house. Over the years the "deserted village of Feltville" was a mill town, a farming community, and a summer resort. Only three families remain as permanent residents, while the remainder of the site is open to visitors who wish to learn of its history or to simply enjoy the forested surroundings. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 6, 1980 for its significance in agriculture, archaeology, commerce, education, industry and community planning.
Ashi guruma
Ashi guruma (ja. 足車) ("leg wheel") is a throw in judo.  It is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Kano Jigoro.  It belongs to the third group of the traditional throwing list in the Gokyo no waza of the Kodokan Judo. It is also included in the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo and  is classified as a foot technique (ashiwaza).

Throw (grappling)
In martial arts, a throw is a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and throwing them to the ground. Throws are a subset of takedown (grappling). In Japanese martial arts throws are referred to as nage waza, 投げ技, "throwing technique(s)".
Pratt's Bottom
Pratt's Bottom is a village in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley and, prior to 1965, within the historic county of Kent. It is south of its parent parish of Orpington, lies about 100 metres above sea level and beyond London's urban sprawl.

It has frequently been noted on lists of unusual place names.

It is a small village, consisting of a main road (Rushmore Hill) on which is situated a school, a  village shop (the post office was closed as part of the widespread branch closures of June 2008) and the Bulls Head pub, two small churches and a few side roads. There is a village hall behind the green.

London Borough of Bromley
The London Borough of Bromley (/ˈbrɒmli/ ⓘ) is a borough in Greater London, England. It is the largest and southeasternmost borough in London, and borders the counties of Surrey and Kent, the latter of which it formed part until 1965. The borough's population in the 2021 census was 329,991. It is named after Bromley, its principal town. Other districts are Penge, Hayes, West Wickham, Chislehurst, Beckenham and Orpington. The local authority is Bromley London Borough Council.
Acinopterini
Acinopterini is a tribe of leafhoppers in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. Acinopterini is made up of 2 genera over 35 species. Acinopterus is widely distributed throughout North and South America with more than 30 species; Cariancha and its two species are endemic to Brazil.

Acinopterus
Acinopterus is a genus of leafhoppers in the family Cicadellidae. There are more than 30 described species in Acinopterus. The members of Acinopterus are widely distributed across North and South America. Acinopterus is the type genus of the tribe Acinopterini.
Battle of Doiran (1913)
The Battle of Doiran was a battle of the Second Balkan War, fought between the Bulgaria and Greece. The battle took place in June 1913.

The Hellenic Army, after the victory at Kilkis-Lachanas, continued their advance north and successfully engaged the Bulgarians at Lake Doiran. The Bulgarian army had retreated to the lake, after having destroyed the bridges of Strymon River and burned the town of Serres. As a result of their subsequent defeat, the Bulgarian forces retreated further north.

Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas
The Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas took place between Greece and Bulgaria during the Second Balkan War. The two countries fought for the town of Kilkis in Central Macedonia from 19 to 21 June 1913 O.S. with Greece ultimately being victorious
American Queen
American Queen was a Louisiana-built river steamship said to be the largest river steamboat ever built. American Queen's primary mode of propulsion is its stern paddlewheel powered by a steam engine extracted from the 1932 dredging vessel Kennedy. Her secondary propulsion, which provides additional maneuverability and speed, comes from a set of diesel-electric propellers known as Z-drives on either side of the sternwheel. There are also two bow thrusters that offer better maneuverability when docking or treading water. She has 222 state rooms for a capacity of 436 guests and a crew of 160. She is 418 feet (127 m) long and 89 feet (27 m) wide.

American Duchess
American Duchess is a river cruise paddlewheeler owned by American Cruise Lines. The vessel entered the overnight cruise market as the third addition to the now-defunct American Queen Steamboat Company fleet and was advertised as being the most luxurious option of the line's vessels. The riverboat's itineraries included routes on the Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, Cumberland and Illinois Rivers.
Vennaaru River
The Vennar River or Vennaaru is a river and distributary of the Kaveri River in the Kaveri delta. It flows through the Thanjavur, Tiruvarur, and Nagapattinam districts of Tamil Nadu, India. It was Derived From Needamangalam with the names of Koraiyaru, Vennaru, Pamaniyaru.

Needamangalam
Needamangalam or Nidamangalam, is a town panchayat in Thiruvarur district in the Cauvery Delta of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Needamangalam was originally part of the composite Tanjore Dist during the British Raj period until 1997. In the 18th and 19th century, it was also called Yamunambalpuram. Needamangalam is the headquarters of the Needamangalam Taluk. The town is located 30 km east of Thanjavur, 80 km east of Tiruchirappalli and 318 km south of Chennai. Needamangalam is a junction for two busy highways, National Highway 67 and State Highway SH 66.
Sindangan
Sindangan, officially the Municipality of Sindangan (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Sindangan; Subanen: Benwa Sindangan; Chavacano: Municipalidad de Sindangan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Sindangan), is a municipality in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 104,514 people.

Sindangan is the most populous municipality in Zamboanga Peninsula and the fastest-growing municipality in Zamboanga del Norte. With its infrastructure and commerce showing massive improvements since the start of the current decade, it is now projected to become the third city in the province, following Dapitan and the provincial capital, Dipolog.

Zamboanga del Norte
Zamboanga del Norte (Cebuano: Amihanang Zamboanga; Subanon: Utara Sembwangan; Filipino: Hilagang Zamboanga), officially the Province of Zamboanga del Norte, is a province in the Philippines situated within the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Dipolog and the province borders Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay to the south, Misamis Occidental to the east, and the Sulu Sea to the west.

Zamboanga del Norte is the largest province of the Zamboanga Peninsula region by land area covering 7,301.00 square kilometres (2,818.93 sq mi). Zamboanga del Norte is the 26th populous province in the Philippines.
Hepatorenal recess
The hepatorenal recess (right subhepatic space, pouch of Morison or Morison's pouch) is the subhepatic space that separates the liver from the right kidney. It is the lowest dependent space of the peritoneal cavity in a supine person.  As a potential space, the recess is not normally filled with fluid. However, fluid can collect here in circumstances where the abdomen fills with fluid, such as hemoperitoneum. This fluid may be seen on ultrasound or computed tomography (CT scan).

Potential space
In anatomy, a potential space is a space between two adjacent structures that are normally pressed together (directly apposed). Many anatomic spaces are potential spaces, which means that they are potential rather than realized (with their realization being dynamic according to physiologic or pathophysiologic events). In other words, they are like an empty plastic bag that has not been opened (two walls collapsed against each other; no interior volume until opened) or a balloon that has not been inflated. The pleural space, between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lung, is a potential space. Though it only contains a small amount of fluid normally, it can sometimes accumulate fluid or air that widens the space. The pericardial space is another potential space that may fill with fluid (effusion) in certain disease states (e.g. pericarditis; a large pericardial effusion may result in cardiac tamponade).
Lady Wu (wife of Sun Jian)
Lady Wu (died 202 or 207), personal name unknown, was a Chinese noble lady and aristocrat. She was the wife of the warlord Sun Jian, who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. She bore Sun Jian four sons and a daughter – Sun Ce, Sun Quan, Sun Yi, Sun Kuang and Lady Sun. She was posthumously honoured as Empress Wulie in 229 by her second son Sun Quan, who became the founding emperor of the Eastern Wu dynasty in the Three Kingdoms period.

Sun Kuang
Sun Kuang (after 184– before 210?), courtesy name Jizuo, was a younger brother of Sun Quan, a Chinese warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and later became the founding emperor of the Eastern Wu dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period.
Ray Ivany
Raymond E. Ivany ONS OC is a Canadian executive. He was the President and CEO of Nova Scotia Community College, Executive Vice President at Cape Breton University, and President and Vice-Chancellor of Acadia University.

Acadia University
Acadia University is a public, predominantly undergraduate university located in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, with some graduate programs at the master's level and one at the doctoral level. The enabling legislation consists of the Acadia University Act and the Amended Acadia University Act 2000.

The Wolfville Campus houses Acadia University Archives and the Acadia University Art Gallery. Acadia offers over 200 degree combinations in the faculties of arts, pure and applied science, professional studies, and theology. The student-faculty ratio is 15:1 and the average class size is 28. Open Acadia offers correspondence and distance education courses. Acadia does have Botanical Gardens known as the Harriet Irving Gardens. These gardens feature plants and trees native to the Acadian forest region.
When Was That?
When Was That? is an album by Henry Threadgill released on the About Time label in 1982.  The album and features five of Threadgill's compositions performed by Threadgill with Craig Harris, Olu Dara, Fred Hopkins, Brian Smith, Pheeroan akLaff and John Betsch.

Craig Harris
Craig S. Harris (born September 10, 1953) is an American jazz trombonist, who started working with Sun Ra in 1976. He also has worked with Abdullah Ibrahim, David Murray, Lester Bowie, Cecil Taylor, Sam Rivers, Muhal Richard Abrams, and Charlie Haden.

As leader, Harris has recorded since 1983 for India Navigation, Soul Note and JMT. For the latter, he recorded with two groups. The Tailgater's Tales was a quintet with clarinetist Don Byron, trumpeter Eddie Allen, Anthony Cox on double bass, and Pheeroan akLaff on drums. Harris's large ensemble Cold Sweat was a tribute to the music of James Brown.
Army of Two
Army of Two is a third-person shooter video game series developed by EA Montreal. The first game in the series, Army of Two, was released on March 6, 2008 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles. Focusing on cooperative strategies, Army of Two's main feature is the necessity to use coordinated teamwork to accomplish the game's goals. While the game is meant to be played with another human as a partner, a "Partner Artificial Intelligence" (PAI) is also included and programmed to follow the player's strategies. Dependence on a partner (whether human or PAI) is so pronounced that most objectives are impossible to complete without it. A sequel, Army of Two: The 40th Day, was released in January 2010 in North America and Europe. The third game in the series, Army of Two: The Devil's Cartel, was released on March 26, 2013 by Electronic Arts for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3.

Army of Two: The 40th Day
Army of Two: The 40th Day is a 2010 third-person shooter video game developed by EA Montreal and published by Electronic Arts for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. The game was also released for PlayStation Portable, which was developed by Buzz Monkey. It is the sequel to Army of Two.

The 40th Day focuses on two-player cooperative play and employs a cover system. It features Tyson Rios and Elliot Salem, the two protagonists from the original game, as combatant partners who, with the assistance of their handler Alice Murray, must fight to survive and prevail over invading forces that have engulfed Shanghai, China in a devastating terrorist attack.

A sequel, entitled Army of Two: The Devil's Cartel, was released in 2013.
Daisy Bufford
Daisy Bufford (April 20, 1913 – December 18, 1987) was an American film actress and model. She was one of the few African-American women to transition from silent films to sound cinema and is best remembered for her starring role as Eleanor Lindsay in Son of Ingagi (1940), the first science fiction horror film featuring an all-Black cast.

Despite systemic racial barriers in the film industry, Bufford maintained a steady career through the 1920s to the 1940s, appearing in both mainstream studio pictures and African-American "race films." She was frequently praised in the Black press for her beauty, discipline, and professionalism, and was considered a trailblazer among Black actresses in early Hollywood.

Son of Ingagi
Son of Ingagi is a 1940 American film directed by Richard C. Kahn. It was the first science fiction horror film to feature an all-black cast. It was written by Spencer Williams based on his own short story, House of Horror. Although the film's title appears to suggest that it is a sequel to the 1930 movie Ingagi, it is not. (The latter is an exploitation film in the guise of an ethnographic film in which purported African women are given over to gorillas as sex slaves.)

Son of Ingagi is about Elanor and Bob Lindsay inheriting the house of doctor Helen Jackson who had just returned from her trip to Africa. Jackson also had returned with a missing link monster named N'Gina as well as African gold. When N'Gina drinks the doctor's potion, it puts him into a rage that makes him murder Dr. Jackson. The Lindsay family inherits Jackson's house where they soon find the presence of the monster.
General Crook (musician)
General Crook (born General Columbus Crook, February 28, 1945, Mound Bayou, Mississippi, United States) is an American soul musician.

Crook was raised in Greenville, Mississippi, and moved to Chicago, Illinois, when he was 17. In 1969, he signed with Capitol Records, recording with an early version of Earth, Wind and Fire. His debut single, "In the Warmth of My Arms", appeared in 1969, followed by "When Love Leaves You Crying" in 1970. Neither sold well, and Capitol soon dropped Crook.

His 1970-71 releases for Down to Earth Records fared better; "Gimme Some" reached No. 22 on the US Billboard R&B chart in 1970, and "What Time It Is" peaked at No. 31 on the same chart the following year. He later recorded for Wand Records, including a self-titled album in 1974. After the mid-1970s, he was active primarily as a songwriter and record producer, principally with Syl Johnson and Willie Clayton.

Willie Clayton
Willie Clayton (born March 29, 1955) is an American Chicago blues and soul-blues singer and songwriter. He has recorded over 25 albums since the 1980s. He has been performing since the late 1960s. His chart successes span the decades from the 1980s onward.

Allmusic noted that Clayton is "one of those vocalists who could sing the phone book and the result would sound perfectly phrased and memorable." Along with Buddy Guy, Koko Taylor, and Little Milton, Clayton was one of the most important figures in Chicago blues in the 1970s and 1980s.
Wu Xiaoyan
Wu Xiaoyan (Chinese: 吴小彦, 1954 – 23 September 1976) was a victim of the Cultural Revolution. Wu's adoptive parents, Yuan Zhen and Wu Han, died separately under persecution in 1969, leaving her with her younger brother Wu Zhang. Wu's mental state deteriorated in the early 1970s. She was imprisoned in 1975 and committed suicide by poison in 1976.

Wu Han (historian)
Wu Han (Chinese: 吴晗; pinyin: Wú Hán; August 11, 1909 – October 11, 1969) was a Chinese historian and politician. Wu was one of the most important historians in the development of modern historical scholarship in China during the 1930s and 1940s.

In the 1940s he was a leading member of the China Democratic League, a non-aligned political organization during most of the Chinese Civil War which eventually threw its weight behind the Chinese Communist Party. After 1949, he served as the Vice Mayor of Beijing.

In November 1965, at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, he came under attack for a play he wrote about an upright Ming dynasty official called Hai Rui Dismissed from Office, which was widely understood as an anti-Mao allegory. His political downfall also resulted in the purge of Beijing Mayor Peng Zhen. Wu died in prison in 1969.
Léonce Verny
François Léonce Verny, (2 December 1837 – 2 May 1908) was a French officer and naval engineer who directed the construction of the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal in Japan, as well as many related modern infrastructure projects from 1865 to 1876, thus helping jump-start Japan's modernization.

Yokosuka Naval Arsenal
Yokosuka Naval Arsenal (横須賀海軍工廠, Yokosuka kaigun kōshō) was one of four principal naval shipyards owned and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy, and was located at Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture on Tokyo Bay, south of Yokohama.