hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars
The Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (CN) is an astronomical catalogue of nebulae first published in 1786 by William Herschel, with the assistance of his sister Caroline Herschel. It was later expanded into the General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (GC) by his son, John Herschel, in 1864. The CN and GC are the precursors to John Louis Emil Dreyer's New General Catalogue (NGC), compiled in 1888 and used by current astronomers.

John Louis Emil Dreyer
John Louis Emil Dreyer (13 February 1852 – 14 September 1926), also Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer, was a Danish astronomer who spent most of his career working in Ireland.  He spent the last decade of his life in Oxford, England.
After School (EP)
After School is the fourth extended play (EP) by American singer-songwriter Melanie Martinez. It was released on September 25, 2020, through Atlantic Records. "The Bakery" was released as the lead single the same day.  The EP was also released as the deluxe edition to Martinez's second studio album, K–12. Martinez says this EP is "much more personal and steps outside of the Cry Baby character box for a moment".

K–12 (album)
K–12 (pronounced "K through 12") is the second studio album by American singer Melanie Martinez. It was released with an accompanying film of the same name on September 6, 2019, through Atlantic Records. Martinez played the main character, "Cry Baby", in this film that she wrote and directed.
Mixed-valence complex
Mixed valence complexes contain an element which is present in more than one oxidation state.  Well-known mixed valence compounds include the Creutz–Taube complex, Prussian blue, and molybdenum blue.  Many solids are mixed-valency including indium chalcogenides.

Creutz–Taube complex
The Creutz–Taube ion is the metal complex with the formula {[Ru(NH3)5]2(C4H4N2)}5+. This cationic species has been heavily studied in an effort to understand the intimate details of inner sphere electron transfer, that is, how electrons move from one metal complex to another. The ion is named after  Carol Creutz, who first prepared the complex, and her thesis advisor Henry Taube, who received a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this and related discoveries on electron transfer.
International Brotherhood of Steam Shovel and Dredgemen
The International Brotherhood of Steam Shovel and Dredgemen was a labor union representing workers involved in excavations in the United States, Canada and Panama.

The union was founded in 1896, at a conference in Chicago.  On January 13, 1915, it absorbed the Associated Union of Steam Shovelmen, and the newly merged union was chartered by the American Federation of Labor (AFL).  However, the International Union of Steam and Operating Engineers believed that it should have jurisdiction over the trade, the AFL ordered the two unions to merge.  The Steam Shovel and Dredgemen refused to do so, and in 1919 it was suspended by the AFL.  It continued on an independent basis, and in 1925, it had 11,500 members.

On April 1, 1927, the union finally merged into the Steam and Operating Engineers.

International Union of Operating Engineers
The International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE) is a trade union within the United States–based AFL–CIO representing primarily construction workers who work as heavy equipment operators, mechanics, surveyors, and stationary engineers (also called operating engineers or power engineers) who maintain heating and other systems in buildings and industrial complexes, in the United States and Canada.

Founded in 1896, it currently represents roughly 400,000 workers in approximately 123 local unions and operates nearly 100 apprenticeship programs.
Bae In-hyuk
Bae In-hyuk (Korean: 배인혁; born April 4, 1998) is a South Korean actor. He is known for his roles in television dramas such as My Roommate Is a Gumiho (2021), At a Distance, Spring Is Green (2021), Cheer Up (2022), and The Story of Park's Marriage Contract (2023–2024).

At a Distance, Spring Is Green
At a Distance, Spring Is Green (Korean: 멀리서 보면 푸른 봄) is a 2021 South Korean television series adapted from the webtoon of the same name. It aired on Monday and Tuesday at 21:30 (KST) from June 14 to July 20, 2021, on KBS2. It is available for worldwide streaming on Viki and iQiyi, the latter exclusively in Southeast Asia.

At a Distance, Spring Is Green is a coming-of-age, campus story about youth in their 20s whose lives seem to be like the beauty of spring from afar but cold and harsh when viewed up close.
40th Venice International Film Festival
The 40th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 31 August to 11 September 1983.

Italian filmmaker Bernardo Bertolucci was the Jury President of the main competition. The Golden Lion winner was First Name: Carmen directed by Jean-Luc Godard.

First Name: Carmen
First Name: Carmen (French: Prénom Carmen) is a 1983 French film directed by Jean-Luc Godard. Loosely based on Bizet's opera Carmen, the film was written by Anne-Marie Miéville and produced by Alain Sarde, and stars Maruschka Detmers and Jacques Bonnaffé. The film won the Golden Lion at the 40th Venice International Film Festival and had 395,462 admissions in France.
James Dearden
James Dearden (born 14 September 1949) is a British screenwriter and film director, the son of actress Melissa Stribling and director Basil Dearden. He directed eight films between 1977 and 2018. His film Pascali's Island was entered into the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.

For writing the screenplay for Fatal Attraction (1987), Dearden received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

Dearden is married to British actress Annabel Brooks.

Pascali's Island (film)
Pascali's Island is a 1988 British drama film based on the 1980 novel by Barry Unsworth. It was written and directed by James Dearden. It stars Ben Kingsley, Charles Dance, Helen Mirren and Kevork Malikyan. It was entered into the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.

The action takes place in 1908 on the fictional Ottoman-ruled Greek island of Nisi. The film was largely shot on the Greek island of Symi and in Rhodes in the late summer of 1987.
Stéphan Lebeau
Stéphan Armand Lebeau (born February 28, 1968) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played seven seasons in the National Hockey League from 1988–89 to 1994–95. He won a Stanley Cup in 1993 with the Montreal Canadiens. His brother, Patrick, also played a short time in the NHL.

Patrick Lebeau
Patrick Mikael Lebeau (born March 17, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He represented Canada at the 1992 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal.  He has played professionally in the National Hockey League with the Montreal Canadiens, Calgary Flames, Florida Panthers, and Pittsburgh Penguins. He is the younger brother of Stéphan Lebeau.
Tramaine Brock
Tramaine Brock Sr. (born August 20, 1988) is an American former professional football cornerback. He played college football at Belhaven University and the University of Minnesota before signing with the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2010.

Brock spent his first seven years in the National Football League (NFL) with the 49ers, becoming a starter midway in the 2013 season. After an offseason stint with the Seattle Seahawks, he played in mostly reserve roles for the Minnesota Vikings in 2017 and the Denver Broncos in 2018. In 2019, Brock returned to a starting role playing for the Arizona Cardinals, which continued after he was claimed off waivers by the Tennessee Titans midway through the season. In 2020, he had an offseason stint with the Jacksonville Jaguars and also played in one game for the Detroit Lions.

Belhaven University
Belhaven University (Belhaven or BU) is a private evangelical Christian university in Jackson, Mississippi, United States. Founded in 1883, the university offers traditional majors, programs of general studies, and pre-professional programs in Christian ministry, medicine, dentistry, law, and nursing.
Hartevatnet
Hartevatnet or Hartevatn is a lake in the municipality of Bykle in Agder county, Norway. It is located along the river Otra, on the south side of the village of Hovden. The lake is a good fishing spot and contains many brown trout. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs along the eastern shore of the lake. The lake Skyvatn lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the northwest and the lake Holmavatnet lies about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the northwest.

The lake is a man-made reservoir. It was formed by the building of a hydro-electric dam on the river Otra. It is also connected to the nearby lake Breivevatnet by a canal.

Skyvatn
Skyvatn is a lake in the northern part of the municipality of Bykle in Agder county, Norway.  The lake is located south of the lake Holmavatnet and northwest of the lake Hartevatnet.  The village of Hovden in Bykle is the nearest village, located about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southeast of the lake.

The lake has an area of 4.35 square kilometres (1.68 sq mi) and is located in the Setesdalsheiene mountains at an elevation of 1,090 metres (3,580 ft) above sea level.  The mountains of Storhellernuten, Skyvassnuten, and Sveigen are all located to the northwest, west, and southwest, respectively.
Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Score
The Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Score is a music award given at the Crunchyroll Anime Awards since its second edition in 2018. It is given for the best original score in anime films and series from the previous year. Winners are determined through a combined voting process by judges and public voting.

Made in Abyss composer Kevin Penkin first won the award in 2018, the first non-Japanese to win. Suzume and Look Back are the only anime films to be nominated in that category. In the latest edition in 2025, Solo Leveling composer Hiroyuki Sawano won the award again in three consecutive years.

Crunchyroll Anime Awards
The Crunchyroll Anime Awards, also known simply  as The Anime Awards, are awards given annually by the anime streaming service Crunchyroll to recognize the best anime of the previous year. Announced in December 2016, the awards were first presented in January 2017. Crunchyroll describes it as a "global event that recognizes the anime shows, characters, and artists that fans around the world love most."

The Anime Awards were originally held in California in the United States. In 2023, the Awards moved to the Grand Prince Hotel New Takanawa in Tokyo, Japan for the 7th ceremony and have been held there ever since. The most recent ceremony was the 9th ceremony, held on May 25, 2025, where Solo Leveling won the Anime of the Year award. The 10th ceremony is scheduled to take place on May 23, 2026.
Adams spectral sequence
In mathematics, the Adams spectral sequence is a spectral sequence introduced by J. Frank Adams (1958) which computes the stable homotopy groups of topological spaces. Like all spectral sequences, it is a computational tool; it relates homology theory to what is now called stable homotopy theory. It is a reformulation using homological algebra, and an extension, of a technique called 'killing homotopy groups' applied by the French school of Henri Cartan and Jean-Pierre Serre.

Spectrum (topology)
In algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics, a spectrum is an object representing a generalized cohomology theory. Every such cohomology theory is representable, as follows from Brown's representability theorem. This means that, given a cohomology theory

,

there exist spaces  such that evaluating the cohomology theory in degree  on a space  is equivalent to computing the homotopy classes of maps to the space , that is

.

Note there are several different categories of spectra leading to many technical difficulties, but they all determine the same homotopy category, known as the stable homotopy category. This is one of the key points for introducing spectra because they form a natural home for stable homotopy theory.
Gmina Przerośl
Gmina Przerośl (lit. Prieraslio valsčius) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Przerośl, which lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-west of Suwałki and 131 km (81 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 123.84 square kilometres (47.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,095.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Suwałki Landscape Park.

Przerośl
Przerośl pronounced [ˈpʂɛrɔɕl] (lit. Prieraslis) is a village in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative unit) called Gmina Przerośl.
Euclid Media Group
Euclid Media Group (EMG) was a media company in the United States, operating 2013-2023. It was headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio and owned the Orlando Weekly, Cincinnati CityBeat, Cleveland Scene, Creative Loafing (Tampa), Detroit Metro Times, Riverfront Times (St. Louis), San Antonio Current, Out In SA and Out in STL.

Orlando Weekly
Orlando Weekly is a liberal progressive alternative newsweekly distributed in the Greater Orlando area of Florida. Every Thursday, 40,000 issues of the paper are distributed to more than 1,100 locations across Orange, Osceola and Seminole counties.

Orlando Weekly organizes an annual feature Best of Orlando issue that features the best Orlando has to offer in dining, music and nightlife, arts and culture, goods and services. Each year readers vote in the paper's poll to vote for their favorite Orlando restaurants, bars, boutiques, museums, local celebs and more. The paper also publishes an annual dining guide called BITE, which features capsule reviews of hundreds of area restaurants, and an Annual Manual, an insider's guide to the region.
Shelley, West Yorkshire
Shelley is a village in the civil parish of Kirkburton, in the Kirklees district, in the county of West Yorkshire, England. The village is 3 miles (5 km) north of Holmfirth and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Huddersfield.

The name Shelley derives from the Old English scelflēah meaning 'wood on a shelf of land'.

Kirkburton
Kirkburton is a village, civil parish and ward in Kirklees in West Yorkshire, England. It is 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Huddersfield. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, the township comprised the villages of Kirkburton and Highburton and several hamlets, including Thunder Bridge, Thorncliffe, Storthes Hall and Linfit. According to the 2011 census the civil parish had a population of 26,439, while the village had a population of 4,299.
Modern Standby
Modern Standby known formerly as Connected Standby or InstantGo, is a Microsoft specification for Windows 8 (and later) hardware and software that aims to bring smartphone-type power management capabilities to the PC platform, as well as increasing physical security.

BitLocker
BitLocker is a full volume encryption feature included with Microsoft Windows versions starting with Windows Vista. It is designed to protect data by providing encryption for entire volumes. By default, it uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm in cipher block chaining (CBC) or "xor–encrypt–xor (XEX)-based tweaked codebook mode with ciphertext stealing" (XTS) mode with a 128-bit or 256-bit key. CBC is not used over the whole disk; it is applied to each individual sector.
Kol of Sweden
Kol (died about 1173) was a Swedish prince who, together with his brother Burislev was a contender for the throne of Sweden from 1167 until his violent death a few years later. The struggle was a stage in the rivalry between the House of Sverker, to which Kol and Burislev belonged, and the House of Eric.

Karl Sverkersson
Karl Sverkersson or Charles VII (c. 1130 – 12 April 1167) was the ruler of Götaland, and then King of Sweden from c. 1161 to 1167, when he was assassinated in a military attack by Knut Eriksson who then succeeded him as king.
Or (album)
Or is a collaborative album by Swiss musician Golden Boy and French singer and DJ Miss Kittin. It was released in Austria, Germany and Switzerland on 13 August 2001 by Ladomat 2000 and internationally on 23 March 2002 by Illustrious Records in the United Kingdom and Emperor Norton Records in the United States. The album includes the successful club single "Rippin Kittin" and a cover of "Campari Soda".

The tracks "Nix" and "It's Good for You to Meet People Like Us" were both included in the 2003 racing video game Midnight Club II.

Rippin Kittin
"Rippin Kittin" is the first single from the duo Miss Kittin and Golden Boy's 2001 album Or. The 12" version of the single was released in 2001 on Ladomat 2000. It was re-released in 2002 by Zomba Records and Illustrious Records.
Palaungic languages
The Palaungic or Palaung–Wa languages are a group of nearly 30 Austroasiatic languages, with scholars disagreeing on exactly which languages to include in the classification. They are spoken in scattered pockets across an inland region of Southeast Asia, centered on the borders between Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and China.

Hu language
Hu (Hu pronunciation: [xúˀ], Chinese: 户语; pinyin: Hùyǔ), also Angku or Kon Keu, is a Palaungic language of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China. Its speakers are an unclassified ethnic minority; the Chinese government counts the Angku as members of the Bulang nationality, but the Angkuic languages is not intelligible with Bulang.
Guy Evans
Guy Randolph Evans (born 17 June 1947) is an English drummer. He is best known as a member of the progressive rock band Van der Graaf Generator, appearing on each of their studio albums. He is also a member of Echo City and Subterraneans.

Subterraneans (band)
Subterraneans are an art-rock band from London, England. Fronted by former Angelhead vocalist and songwriter Jude Rawlins, they also feature former Wave guitarist Carl Homer, former Solstice bass player Robin Phillips, and Van der Graaf Generator drummer Guy Evans.
Flames of Desire
Flames of Desire (Korean: 욕망의 불꽃; RR: Yongmangui bulkkot; lit. 'Flames of Ambition') is a South Korean television series starring Shin Eun-kyung, Seo Woo, Yoo Seung-ho, Jo Min-ki, and Lee Soon-jae. It aired on MBC from October 2, 2010 to March 27, 2011 on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:45 for 50 episodes.

The early working title was A Woman Only Loves Once in a Lifetime (여자는 일생에 단 한번 사랑한다).

Yoo Seung-ho
Yoo Seung-ho (/juː sʊŋhɔː/; Korean: 유승호; born August 17, 1993) is a South Korean actor. Known for his roles in film and television, he has received two nominations at the Baeksang Arts Awards and was nicknamed "Nation's Little Brother" in his home country. Yoo rose to fame as a child actor in the film The Way Home (2002), and has since starred in the television series The Emperor: Owner of the Mask (2017), I'm Not a Robot (2017), and Moonshine (2021–2022).
Blue Chairs Resort by the Sea
Blue Chairs Resort by the Sea (often simply Blue Chairs or sometimes Blue Chairs Beach Club), is an LGBTQ-friendly hotel in Puerto Vallarta's Zona Romántica, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The property has a rooftop bar called Blue Sunset Rooftop Bar.

The beach in front of the hotel, the southern segment of Playa de los Muertos, is sometimes referred to as "Blue Chairs Beach". Blue Chairs Beach has been described as the "unofficially gay" portion of Playa de Los Muertos.

The hotel has hosted the Vallarta Pride Fashion Show.

Zona Romántica
Zona Romántica is the unofficial designation for an LGBTQ-friendly tourist area in southern Puerto Vallarta, in the Mexican state of Jalisco.  The zone is made of three colonias: Emiliano Zapata, Alta Vista, and Amapas.  The area is also commonly referred to as Old Town.
Garbagna Novarese
Garbagna Novarese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southeast of Novara.

Garbagna Novarese borders the following municipalities: Nibbiola, Novara, Sozzago, Terdobbiate, and Trecate.

Terdobbiate
Terdobbiate is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Turin and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Novara.

Terdobbiate borders the following municipalities: Cassolnovo, Garbagna Novarese, Nibbiola, Sozzago, Tornaco, and Vespolate.
Road Kill (2010 film)
Road Kill, known as Road Train in Australia, is a 2010 Australian horror film directed by Dean Francis and written by Clive Hopkins. It stars Xavier Samuel, Bobby Morley, Georgina Haig, and Sophie Lowe.

Sophie Lowe
Sophie Lowe (born 5 June 1990) is an Australian actress, singer and songwriter. She is known for appearing in films such as Beautiful Kate, Autumn Blood, After the Dark, Adore, Road Kill, Above Suspicion, Medieval and Blow the Man Down, and starring in the television series Once Upon a Time in Wonderland, The Slap, The Returned, and The Beautiful Lie.
Federico Arnaboldi
Federico Arnaboldi (born 18 June 2000) is an Italian tennis player.

Arnaboldi has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 183 achieved on 9 June 2025. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 399 achieved on 24 April 2023.

Arnaboldi made his ATP main draw debut at the 2023 Italian Open after receiving a wildcard into the doubles main draw with Gianmarco Ferrari.

His cousin Andrea Arnaboldi was also a tennis player.

Andrea Arnaboldi
Andrea Arnaboldi (Italian pronunciation: [anˈdrɛːa arnaˈbɔldi]; born 27 December 1987) is an Italian former tennis player who competed on the ATP Challenger Tour. He advanced to the main draw of the 2014 French Open, 2015 French Open, and 2019 Wimbledon.
Ohio Women's Convention at Salem in 1850
The Ohio Women's Convention at Salem in 1850 met on April 19–20, 1850 in Salem, Ohio, a center for reform activity. It was the third in a series of women's rights conventions that began with the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.  It was the first of these conventions to be organized on a statewide basis. About five hundred people attended. All of the convention's officers were women. Men were not allowed to vote, sit on the platform or speak during the convention. The convention sent a memorial to the convention that was preparing a new Ohio state constitution, asking it to provide for women's right to vote.

National Women's Rights Convention
The National Women's Rights Convention was an annual series of meetings that increased the visibility of the early women's rights movement in the United States. First held in 1850 in Worcester, Massachusetts, the National Women's Rights Convention combined both female and male leadership and attracted a wide base of support including temperance advocates and abolitionists. Speeches were given on the subjects of equal wages, expanded education and career opportunities, women's property rights, marriage reform, and temperance. Chief among the concerns discussed at the convention was the passage of laws that would give women the right to vote.
Barbara Bosson
Barbara Bosson (November 1, 1939 – February 18, 2023) was an American actress and writer. She is best known for her roles in the television series Hill Street Blues (1981–1986) and Murder One (1995–1997), for both of which she received six Primetime Emmy Award nominations.

Murder One (TV series)
Murder One is an American legal drama television series that aired on ABC from September 19, 1995, until May 29, 1997. The series was created by Steven Bochco, Charles H. Eglee, and Channing Gibson.

Like many of Bochco's previous series, Murder One was produced in association with 20th Century Fox Television. Sometime after the conclusion of Murder One, Bochco ended his longtime relationship with Fox and moved his production company over to Paramount, making Murder One his last production with Fox for over a decade.

In 1997, TV Guide ranked the first episode, "Chapter 1", #60 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes in television history.