hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Australian frontier wars
The Australian frontier wars were the violent conflicts between Indigenous Australians (including both Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders) and mostly British settlers during the colonial period of Australia.

The first conflict took place several months after the landing of the First Fleet in January 1788, and the last conflicts occurred in the early 20th century following the federation of the Australian colonies in 1901, with some occurring as late as 1934. Conflicts occurred in a number of locations across Australia.

Estimates of the number of people killed in the fighting vary considerably.

First Fleet
The First Fleet were eleven British ships which transported a group of settlers to mainland Australia, marking the beginning of the European colonisation of Australia. It consisted of two Royal Navy vessels, three storeships and six convict transports under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip. On 13 May 1787, the ships, with over 1,400 convicts, marines, sailors, colonial officials, and free settlers onboard, left Portsmouth and travelled over 24,000 kilometres (15,000 mi; 13,000 nmi) and over 250 days before arriving in Botany Bay, New South Wales, on 18 January 1788. Governor Arthur Phillip rejected Botany Bay, choosing instead Port Jackson to the north as the site for the new colony; the Fleet arrived there on 26 January 1788. The Fleet established the Colony of New South Wales as a penal colony; the first British settlement in Australia.
Shorty Rogers
Milton "Shorty" Rogers (born Milton Rajonsky; April 14, 1924 – November 7, 1994) was an American jazz musician, one of the principal creators of West Coast jazz. He played trumpet and flugelhorn and was in demand for his skills as an arranger.

Stan Kenton
Stanley Newcomb Kenton (December 15, 1911 – August 25, 1979) was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
2002 Daytona 500
The 2002 Daytona 500, the 44th running of the event, was held on February 17 at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida as the first of 36 races of the 2002 Winston Cup Season. Rookie Jimmie Johnson, driving the No. 48 Chevrolet for Hendrick Motorsports, won the pole with fellow Daytona 500 rookie Kevin Harvick qualifying second, making this the first time the field would be led by two first-time Daytona 500 participants. Ward Burton, driving the No.22 Dodge for Bill Davis Racing, won the race. This race was the last for long-time veteran driver Dave Marcis.

As part of the television contract signed at the end of the 1999 NASCAR season, the 2002 Daytona 500 was televised by NBC. Allen Bestwick provided the play-by-play in the booth with color commentators Benny Parsons and Wally Dallenbach Jr. The prerace show was hosted by Bill Weber, who reported from the pits with Matt Yocum, Marty Snider, and Dave Burns. This was the first time NBC televised the Daytona 500.

Dave Marcis
David Alan Marcis (born March 1, 1941) is an American former professional stock car racing driver on the NASCAR Winston Cup circuit whose career spanned five decades. Marcis won five times over this tenure, twice at Richmond, including his final win in 1982, and collected 94 top-fives and 222 top-tens. His best championship results were second in 1975, fifth in 1978, sixth in 1974, 1976 and 1982, and ninth in 1970, 1980 and 1981.

Marcis competed in the Daytona 500 every year from 1968 until 1999. The 2002 Daytona 500 was the last time Marcis raced in NASCAR.
Fear Itself (Casual album)
Fear Itself is the debut solo studio album by American rapper and record producer Casual. It was released on February 1, 1994, via Jive Records. The recording sessions took place between July 1992 and February 1993 at Hyde Street Studios in San Francisco, California. The album was produced by Casual and fellow Hieroglyphics Crew members Domino, Del the Funky Homosapien, and Jay-Biz. It features guest appearances from Del the Funky Homosapien, Pep Love and Saafir. The album debuted at number 108 on the Billboard 200 and number 22 on the Top R&B Albums chart in the United States.

The album had three singles issued: "That's How It Is", which peaked at No. 22 on the US Hot Rap Singles, "I Didn't Mean To", which peaked at No. 29 on the US Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales and No. 34 on the Hot Rap Singles, and "Me-O-Mi-O", which peaked at No. 50 on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales.

Saafir
Reggie Gibson (August 23, 1970 – November 19, 2024), better known as Saafir, was an American rapper, producer, and actor. He was also a member of the rap group Golden State Project (formerly known as Golden State Warriors) with Ras Kass and Xzibit.
Mačva
Mačva (Serbian Cyrillic: Мачва, pronounced [mâːt͡ʃv̞a]; Hungarian: Macsó) is a geographical and historical region in the northwest of Central Serbia, on a fertile plain between the Sava and Drina rivers. The chief town is Šabac. The modern Mačva District of Serbia is named after the region, although the region of Mačva includes only the northern part of this district. A small northern part of Mačva region is in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, in the Syrmia District.

Syrmia
Syrmia (Croatian: Srijem; Serbian: Срем, romanized: Srem; Pannonian Rusyn: Срим, romanized: Srim) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Croatia and Serbia. Most of the region is flat, with the exception of the low Fruška Gora mountain stretching along the Danube in its northern part.
Paul Durand-Ruel
Paul Durand-Ruel (French pronunciation: [pɔl dyʁɑ̃ ʁɥɛl]; 31 October 1831 – 5 February 1922) was a French art dealer associated with the Impressionists and the Barbizon School. Being the first to support artists such as Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, he is known for his innovations in modernizing art markets, and is generally considered to be the most important art dealer of the 19th century. An ambitious entrepreneur, Durand-Ruel cultivated international interest in French artists by establishing art galleries and exhibitions in London, New York, Berlin, Brussels, among other places. Additionally, he played a role in the decentralization of art markets in France, which prior to the mid-19th century was monopolized by the Salon system.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/rɛnˈwɑːr/; French: [pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ]; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau."

He was the father of the actor Pierre Renoir (1885–1952), the filmmaker Jean Renoir (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker Claude Renoir (1913–1993), son of Pierre.
Nakajō, Nagano
Nakajō (中条村, Nakajō-mura) was a village located in Kamiminochi District, Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,742 and a population density of 82.37 persons per km2. The total area was 33.29 km2. This village lies about 20 km west of Nagano City along route 19. Its landscape is surrounded by dense forests and mountains.

On January 1, 2010, Nakajō, along with the town of Shinshūshinmachi (also from Kamiminochi District), was merged into the expanded city of Nagano.

The village's landmark, Mt. Mushikura (虫倉山), is the centerpiece of local lore.

Kamiminochi District, Nagano
Kamiminochi (上水内郡, Kamiminochi-gun) is a district located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2011, the district has an estimated population of 23,774 with a density of 84.11 persons per km2. The total area is 282.65 km2.
Portuguese conquest of the Algarve
The Portuguese conquest of the Algarve, the southern-most region in modern-day Portugal, occurred between 1238, when the castle of Estômbar was captured by the Order of Santiago, and 1249, when king Afonso III of Portugal captured Faro, Loulé, Aljezur, Porches and Albufeira.

Aljezur
Aljezur  (Portuguese pronunciation: [alʒɨˈzuɾ] ⓘ), officially the Town of Aljezur (Portuguese: Vila de Aljezur), is a town and municipality of the District of Faro and Algarve region, in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 5,884, in an area of 323.50 km2. The municipality comprises 4 parishes.
Georgia State Route 105
State Route 105 (SR 105) is a 23.1-mile-long (37.2 km) state highway in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway begins at the Banks–Franklin–Stephens county tripoint, east-southeast of Baldwin. It ends at Harvest, which is west-northwest of Clarkesville.

The entire section concurrent with SR 385 travels along the historic route of U.S. Route 441 (US 441).

Banks County, Georgia
Banks County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,035, down from 18,395 in 2010. The county seat is Homer. The Old Banks County Courthouse is located in Homer and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A new county courthouse was constructed adjacent to the old one in 1983.
Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025
The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (commonly known as DPDP Rules, 2025) is a subordinate legislation notified by the Government of India under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act, 2023). The rules provide detailed operational requirements for implementation of the Act, specifying obligations of data fiduciaries and procedures for data principals, breach reporting, cross-border transfers and the functioning of the Data Protection Board of India.

Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (also known as DPDP Act or DPDPA-2023) is an act of the Parliament of India to provide for the processing of digital personal data in a manner that recognises both the right of individuals to protect their personal data and the need to process such personal data for lawful purposes. This is the first Act of the Parliament of India where "she/her" pronouns were used unlike the usual "he/him" pronouns.
Edgewood State Hospital
Edgewood State Hospital was a tubercular/psychiatric hospital complex that formerly stood in Deer Park, New York, on Long Island. It was one of four state mental asylums built on Long Island (the others being Kings Park State Hospital, Central Islip State Hospital, and Pilgrim State Hospital), and was the last one of the four to be built.

Central Islip Psychiatric Center
The Central Islip Psychiatric Center, formerly State Hospital for the Insane, was a state psychiatric hospital in Central Islip, New York, United States from 1889 until 1996.

The center was one of the four major hospital "farms" in central Long Island to house the sick from New York City; the others were Kings Park, Pilgrim State Hospital, and Edgewood State Hospital. In 1955 it housed 10,000 patients, making it the second largest psychiatric hospital in the United States next to Pilgrim State Hospital, which was the largest psychiatric institution ever to exist in the United States.
Pavel Štercl
Pavel Štercl (born October 20, 1966, in Kroměříž) is a Czechoslovak-Czech slalom canoeist who competed in the 1990s partnering his twin brother Petr in the C2 boat throughout his career.

Together they won four medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (1993, 1995) and two silvers (1991, 1997). They also have a gold medal from the same event from the 1998 European Championships in Roudnice nad Labem.

Štercl finished sixth in the C2 event for Czechoslovakia at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Four years later in Atlanta, he finished sixth in the C2 event for the Czech Republic.

Petr Štercl
Petr Štercl (born October 20, 1966, in Kroměříž) is a Czechoslovak-Czech slalom canoeist who competed in the 1990s partnering his twin brother Pavel in the C2 boat throughout his career.

Together they won four medals in the C2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (1993, 1995) and two silvers (1991, 1997). They also have a gold medal from the same event from the 1998 European Championships in Roudnice nad Labem.

Štercl finished sixth in the C2 event for Czechoslovakia at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Four years later in Atlanta, he finished sixth in the C2 event for the Czech Republic.
Blood Wedding (1941 film)
Blood Wedding (Italian: Nozze di sangue) is a 1941 Italian drama film directed by Goffredo Alessandrini and starring Beatrice Mancini, Fosco Giachetti and Luisa Ferida. It is set in 19th century South America, and features an arranged marriage. The film is based on the novel Immacolata by Lina Pietravalle.

Beatrice Mancini
Beatrice Mancini (born Bice Mancinotti; 7 December 1917 – 1 March 1987) was an Italian actress. She starred in the 1941 film Blood Wedding.

Born Bice Mancinotti in Rome, Italy, Mancini studied at the Accademia Nazionale di Arte Drammatica Silvio D'Amico and made her film debut in 1935 in La capanna dell'amore, credited as Milva Vejo. She was often cast in roles of hapless, sensible and good-heart girls.
Genoveva Umeh
Genoveva Kenechukwu Umeh Listenⓘ (born 8 May 1995) is a Nigerian actress. She won the Best Supporting Actress award at The AMVCA in 2024 for her role in the Prime Video Original, Breath of Life. She was nominated for the Best Actress in a drama at the Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards 2022 for her role in A Tune Away.  She also received critical acclaim for her roles in Nigerian's first Netflix original crime thriller series Blood Sisters and young adult series Far From Home. One of her major film roles include One Lagos Night (2019). She also led as Shindara in Episode 4 of Showmax's Original drama series Crime and Justice Lagos (2022). In 2024, she won the best supporting actress at the 2024 AMVCA for her role in Breath of Life (2023).

One Lagos Night
One Lagos Night is a 2021 Nigerian crime comedy film set in Lagos. It was directed and produced by Ekene Som Mekwunye. That same year in 2021, it was rated as one of the 10 top Nigerian movies on Netflix rankings website.
Ajay Kumar Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)
Ajay Kumar Singh (born 2 March 1970) is an Indian politician and a member of the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India. He represents the Harraiya (Assembly constituency) in the Basti district of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Harraiya Assembly constituency
Harraiya is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Harraiya in the Basti district of Uttar Pradesh India.

Harraiya is one of five assembly constituencies in the Basti Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 307 amongst 403 constituencies.
A Smile Like Yours
A Smile Like Yours is a 1997 American romantic comedy film directed by Keith Samples and starring Greg Kinnear and Lauren Holly.  The film centers on a couple as they try to conceive a child. The film was produced by Rysher Entertainment and released by Paramount Pictures. The title song was performed by Natalie Cole.

Greg Kinnear
Gregory Buck Kinnear (born June 17, 1963) is an American actor and former talk show host. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in As Good as It Gets (1997).

Kinnear has appeared in many popular films, including Sabrina (1995), You've Got Mail (1998), Nurse Betty (2000), Someone like You (2001), We Were Soldiers, Auto Focus (both 2002), Stuck on You (2003), Robots (2005), Little Miss Sunshine, Invincible (both 2006), Green Zone, The Last Song (both 2010), Heaven Is for Real (2014), and Misbehaviour (2020). His television roles include Friends, Talk Soup, Modern Family, House of Cards, Rake, and the miniseries The Stand (2020). Kinnear portrayed John F. Kennedy in The Kennedys (2011), and Joe Biden in Confirmation (2016).
Alette Due
Alethe "Alette" Wilhelmine Georgine Due, née Sibbern (28 February 1812 – 7 May 1887), was a Norwegian singer, composer and courtier. She was an honorary member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music, and served as Overhoffmesterinne for Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway in 1873–1887.

Sophia of Nassau
Sophia of Nassau (Sophia Wilhelmine Marianne Henriette; 9 July 1836 – 30 December 1913), also Sofia, was Queen of Sweden and Norway as the wife of King Oscar II. She was Queen of Sweden for 35 years, longer than anyone before her, and the longest-serving queen until 2011, when she was surpassed by Queen Silvia. She is also the most recent woman to have been officially Dowager Queen of Sweden.
Heartbreaker (G-Dragon song)
"Heartbreaker" is a song by South Korean rapper G-Dragon. It was released on August 18, 2009, as the lead single from his debut studio album Heartbreaker (2009). Upon release, it topped many online download charts including Mnet and Melon. The single went on to sell over 3 million digital downloads by the end of 2009, and further sold a cumulative 4,407,355 digital units by the end 2011. A remix, released as part of G-Dragon's first live album Shine a Light on March 30, 2010, features American rapper Flo Rida.

Shine a Light (G-Dragon album)
Shine a Light is the first live album by South Korean rapper G-Dragon. It was released on March 30, 2010 and is a two-disc compilation of live and remixed songs, recorded during his Shine a Light concert in December 2009 at Olympic Gymnastics Arena.
Street of Stairs
Street of Stairs is a 1968 novel by the American dramatist Ronald Tavel. It was published by Olympia Press in a seriously-abridged form—over half of the book was excised—but Tavel later released the original, unabridged version of the book online. It is a pederastic and polyphonic novel that follows the life of Mark, an expatriate in Tangier, Morocco, who falls in love with Hamid, a thief.

Pederasty
Pederasty (or paederasty in Commonwealth English) (/ˈpɛdəræsti/) refers to same-sex sexual relationships between an adult man and an adolescent boy; some authors also use the term to refer to same-sex female relationships with a similar age gap. Pederasty existed as a socially acknowledged and accepted practice in some premodern societies.

In most countries today, the local age of consent determines whether a person is considered legally competent to consent to sexual acts, and whether such contact is child sexual abuse or statutory rape. An adult engaging in sexual activity with a minor is considered abusive by authorities for a variety of reasons, including the age of the minor and the psychological and physical harm they may endure.
James O. McInerney
James O. McInerney is an Irish-born microbiologist, computational evolutionary biologist, professor, and former head of the School of Life Sciences at the University of Nottingham. He is an elected Fellow of the European Academy of Microbiology, of  the American Society for Microbiology, and of the Linnean Society. In June 2020 he was elected president-designate of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution and in 2022 he took up the role of President. He is deputy chair of BBSRC committee C.

Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
The Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution (SMBE) is a scientific and academic organization founded in 1982 to support academic research in the field of molecular evolution. The society hosts an annual meeting, typically in June or July. It also supports satellite meetings throughout the year. The Society's first president was evolutionary biologist Walter M. Fitch. The current President is Ziheng Yang.
Spring Hill College
Spring Hill College is a private Jesuit college in Mobile, Alabama. It was founded in 1830 by Bishop Michael Portier of Mobile. Along with being the oldest private college or university in the state of Alabama, it was the first Catholic college in the South, is the fifth-oldest Catholic college in the United States, and is the third-oldest member of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities.

Michael Portier
Michael Portier (September 7, 1795, Montbrison, France – May 14, 1859, Mobile, Alabama) was an American Catholic bishop who served as the first Bishop of Mobile from 1829 until his death in 1859.

Portier emigrated from France in 1817, and was ordained thereafter in the United States. He later founded many parishes and Catholic institutions in Alabama and Florida, particularly in Mobile. Among them was Providence Hospital. He also recruited religious orders of men and women to teach and care for parishioners. He is also one of several early American Catholic bishops to have owned slaves.
JADES-GS-z13-0
JADES-GS-z13-0 is a high-redshift Lyman-break galaxy discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) during NIRCam imaging for the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) on 29 September 2022. Spectroscopic observations by JWST's NIRSpec instrument in October 2022 confirmed the galaxy's redshift of z = 13.2 to a high accuracy, establishing it as the oldest and most distant spectroscopically-confirmed galaxy at the time, with a light-travel distance (lookback time) of 13.4 billion years. Because of the expansion of the universe, its present proper distance is approximately 33 billion light-years. In 2024, two older and more distant galaxies, JADES-GS-z14-0 and JADES-GS-z14-1, were found.

JADES-GS-z13-0 is located in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey – South (GOODS-S) field in the constellation Fornax, which includes the Hubble Ultra Deep Field.

JADES-GS-z14-0
JADES-GS-z14-0 is a high-redshift Lyman-Break galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered in 2024 using NIRCam as part of the James Webb Space Telescope Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey  (JADES) program. It has a redshift of about 14.18, making it one of the most distant galaxies and astronomical objects ever discovered. According to current theory, this redshift corresponds to a time about 13.5 billion years ago, approximately 300 million years after the Big Bang, or about 2% of its  current age.
The Reklaws
The Reklaws are a Canadian country music duo from North Dumfries, Ontario, formed in 2012. The duo consists of siblings Stuart and Jenna Walker. They have released three albums, Freshman Year, Sophomore Slump, and Good Ol' Days. The duo has achieved four number one hits with "Feels Like That",  "Can't Help Myself", "11 Beers", and "Honky Tonkin' About" on the Canada Country chart, in addition to multiple gold and platinum certified singles.

Good Ol' Days (album)
Good Ol' Days is the third album of Canadian country music duo the Reklaws. It was released on November 4, 2022, via Starseed Records. It includes the previously released single "11 Beers", as well as six previously released songs from 2021 and 2022, including "What the Truck". The album was nominated for "Country Album of the Year" at the 2023 Juno Awards and was named the "Top Selling Canadian Album of the Year" at the 2023 Canadian Country Music Awards.
Inside the Vault
Inside the Vault is an American news magazine television show hosted by Cris Collinsworth that focuses on today’s American man. The show debuted online on February 3, 2011, and February 4, 2011 on WGN America. After its first season no plans were announced for a second season.

Cris Collinsworth
Anthony Cris Collinsworth (born January 27, 1959) is an American former professional football player and sports broadcaster who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons (1981–1988) with the Cincinnati Bengals. He played college football for the Florida Gators, earning first-team All-American honors. He is a television sportscaster for NBC, Showtime, and the NFL Network, and winner of 17 Sports Emmy Awards. He is also the majority owner of Pro Football Focus.