hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baron Hastings
Baron Hastings is a title that has been created three times. The first creation was in the Peerage of England in 1290, and is extant. The second creation was in the Peerage of England in 1299, and became extinct on the death of the first holder in c. 1314. The third creation was in the Peerage of England in 1461, and has been in abeyance since 1960.

Abeyance
Abeyance (from the Old French abeance meaning "gaping") describes a state of temporary dormancy or suspension. In law, it can refer to a situation where the ownership of property, titles, or office is not currently vested in any specific person, but is awaiting the appearance or determination of the rightful owner. This typically applies to future estates that have not yet vested, and may never vest. For example, an estate is granted to A for life, with the remainder to the heir of B upon A's death. If B is still alive, the remainder is held in abeyance because B can have no legal heir until B's own death.

The term hold in abeyance is used in lawsuits and court cases when a case is temporarily put on hold.
No. 82 Squadron RAAF
No. 82 Squadron RAAF was a Royal Australian Air Force fighter squadron that operated during World War II and its immediate aftermath. It was formed in June 1943, flying Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawks and, initially, Bell P-39 Airacobras from bases in Queensland and New Guinea. The squadron became operational in September 1944, and undertook ground attack missions against Japanese targets in the Pacific theatre. Following the end of hostilities, No. 82 Squadron was re-equipped with North American P-51 Mustangs and deployed to Japan, where it formed part of the British Commonwealth Occupation Force. It remained there until October 1948, when it was disbanded.

British Commonwealth Occupation Force
The British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF) was the British Commonwealth taskforce consisting of Australian, British, Indian, and New Zealander military forces in occupied Japan, from 1946 until the end of occupation in 1952.

At its peak, the BCOF committed about 40,000 personnel, that comprised 25% of the occupation force, which was equal to about a third of the number of US military personnel in Japan.
William Lenoir (general)
William Lenoir (May 8, 1751 – May 6, 1839) was an American Revolutionary War officer and prominent statesman in late 18th-century and early 19th-century North Carolina. Both Lenoir, North Carolina, and Lenoir County, North Carolina, are named for him.  Additionally, Lenoir City, Tennessee, is jointly named for him and for his son, William Ballard Lenoir. The USS Lenoir (AKA-74) was indirectly named for him.

Lenoir City, Tennessee
Lenoir City is a suburban city located primarily in Loudon County, Tennessee, with a small portion extending into neighboring Roane County, Tennessee. The population was 10,117 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Knoxville metropolitan area in East Tennessee, along the Tennessee River southwest of Knoxville.
Shiva (2008 film)
Shiva, also known as 7 Days, Seven Days and The Seven Days, is a 2008 drama film written and directed by Ronit Elkabetz and Shlomi Elkabetz. It is the second feature to be directed by the siblings following 2004's To Take a Wife. The film is the second in a trilogy focusing on the unhappy marriage of Viviane Amsalem, the first being To Take a Wife (2004). The final film of the trilogy was 2014's Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem.

The film received international acclaim, winning awards at the Venice Film Festival and the Jerusalem Film Festival.

"Shiva" was filmed in late 2007 and premiered at the Cannes Film Festival's Critics' Week in May 2008, earning global praise. It later won the Wolgin Award at the Jerusalem Film Festival and two Ophir Awards for cinematography and supporting actress (Evelin Hagoel). The film also achieved success in France and Spain, where it won several awards, including best film and best actress.

Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem
Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem (Hebrew: גט - המשפט של ויויאן אמסלם, romanized: Get — Ha'mishpat shel Vivian Amsalem) is a 2014 internationally co-produced drama film written and directed by Ronit Elkabetz and Shlomi Elkabetz, who were siblings. It was screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. It was also screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film was selected as the Israeli entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated. It was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards.

The film is the third in a trilogy focusing on the unhappy marriage of Viviane Amsalem, the first being To Take a Wife and the second Shiva.
Little Comets
Little Comets are an English indie rock trio from Jarrow and Washington, Tyne and Wear. Known for their lyrical references to everyday life and melodic guitar-driven sound, the band first gained attention in 2009 after signing with Columbia Records. Following their departure from the label in 2010, they signed with independent label Dirty Hit, who released their debut album, In Search of Elusive Little Comets, on 31 January 2011. Their second album, Life Is Elsewhere, was also released through Dirty Hit on 15 October 2012. The band released their third album, Hope Is Just a State of Mind (2015), and fourth album, Worhead (2017), under their own label, The Smallest Label.

Dirty Hit
Dirty Hit Limited is a British independent record label founded in February 2010 by Jamie Oborne, Chuck Waite, Brian Smith and former England footballer Ugo Ehiogu. The company is based in London, and expanded operations to Los Angeles, Sydney and Tokyo in 2020.

In 2019, Complex stated that "Dirty Hit has become known for championing their artists' individuality".
Freising (district)
Freising is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. Following a recent ranking of the German magazine Focus-Money comparing all German districts it is number one concerning economic growth abilities. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kelheim, Landshut, Erding, Munich, Dachau and Pfaffenhofen.
The district is located north of the Munich metropolitan area. The Isar and Amper rivers run in parallel from southwest to northeast. North of the rivers there is the Hallertau, a hilly region mainly used for growing hop.

Pfaffenhofen (district)
Pfaffenhofen (German: [pfafn̩ˈhoːfn̩] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Eichstätt, Kelheim, Freising, Dachau and Neuburg-Schrobenhausen, and the city of Ingolstadt.
Gott strafe England
Gott strafe England (lit. 'May God punish England') was an anti-British slogan coined by the German poet and dramatist Ernst Lissauer in 1917 during World War I. The slogan immediately gained widespread popularity in the German Empire, which had been at war with Britain since 1914, and was widely reproduced in Germany's popular culture. The Imperial German Army also adopted the slogan as a motto for its soldiers.

Ernst Lissauer
Ernst Lissauer (16 December 1882 – 10 December 1937) was a German poet and dramatist best known for coining the anti-British slogan Gott strafe England during World War I. He also wrote the Hassgesang gegen England ("Song of hate against England").
Leventina District
The Leventina District is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital of the district is Faido but the largest town is Airolo on the southern flank of the Gotthard Pass.

Situated to the north of the canton, its territory covers the area of the river Ticino as far south as Biasca, in particular the Bedretto Valley and the Leventina Valley.

Leventina is divided into four sub-districts, termed 'circles' (Italian: circoli), and a total area of 479.57 km2 (185.16 sq mi) with a population of 8,827 (as of 31 December 2020). Its capital is the municipality (Italian: comune) of Faido. The valley became part of Switzerland on 5 March 1480, following the treaty of Lucerne with the Duchy of Milan.

Faido
Faido (Italian: [faˈiːdo]; Ticinese: Faid) is the capital of the district of Leventina in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in southern Switzerland.

On 29 January 2006, Faido grew by incorporating the villages of Chiggiogna, Rossura, and Calonico.

On 1 April 2012, Faido grew again when it incorporated the former municipalities of Anzonico, Calpiogna, Campello, Cavagnago, Chironico, Mairengo and Osco.

It grew again on 10 April 2016 when Sobrio was absorbed into the municipality.
Marina Inoue
Marina Inoue (井上 麻里奈, Inoue Marina; born January 20, 1985) is a Japanese voice actress and narrator from Tokyo, Japan. She is affiliated with Aoni Production. She was signed into Aniplex until 2007. She was chosen out of 2,000 people from the "Gonna be a star" auditions (hosted by Sony Music Entertainment Japan) for the title role in the OVA Le Portrait de Petit Cossette.

Le Portrait de Petit Cossette
Le Portrait de Petit Cossette (Japanese: コゼットの肖像, Hepburn: Kozetto no Shōzō; "The Portrait of Cossette") is a Japanese original video animation anime series produced by Aniplex and animated by Daume. It spanned 3 episode OVA series and ran in 2004. It was licensed for North American distribution by Geneon Entertainment and released as Le Portrait de Petite Cossette. The OVAs were broadcast in the United States on Fuse on December 15, 2007, and in Canada on G4techTV's Anime Current programming block from January 19, 2008 to February 2, 2008. It is currently licensed by Sentai Filmworks and available for streaming and video-on-demand via The Anime Network.

The series was adapted into a manga series by Asuka Katsura. It spanned two volumes and was published in 2004. The English-language release is published by Tokyopop.
Nick & Nora (glass)
A Nick & Nora glass is a stemmed glass with an inverted bowl, mainly used to serve straight-up cocktails. The glass is similar to a cocktail glass or martini glass.

Use of the glass became widespread beginning in the late 1980s, when bartender Dale DeGroff had several made for the Rainbow Room restaurant in New York City. The design was found in a 1930s catalog under the name "Little Martini"; DeGroff was looking for a small, delicate glass to counter the large conical martini glasses popular at the time. DeGroff's protégée Audrey Saunders spread the use of the glass to other bars in subsequent years. In the present day, the glass is found in numerous manufacturer catalogs and in upscale bars across the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.

Audrey Saunders
Audrey Saunders (born 1962) is an American bartender, considered one of the world's most famous bartenders. She is most well known as the operating partner and creative lead of Pegu Club, a bar in New York City from 2005 to 2020. The bar was one of the most influential in the United States. Since its closure, Saunders and her husband have been developing a retreat for beverage industry members in rural Washington state.
Cindy Wilson
Cynthia Leigh Wilson (born February 28, 1957) is an American musician and one of the vocalists, songwriters and founding members of new wave rock band the B-52s. She is noted for her distinctive contralto voice and also plays percussion during live shows. She is the younger sister of the late guitarist Ricky Wilson (1953–1985), who was also a founding member of the band.

In addition to her work with the B-52's, Wilson has released three solo EPs, Sunrise (2016), Supernatural (2017), and Second Sight (2025) In late 2017, she released her debut solo album, Change, via the independent label Kill Rock Stars. Wilson released her second solo album, Realms, in August 2023.

Change (Cindy Wilson album)
Change is the debut solo album by Cindy Wilson of The B-52's. Crowdfunded by PledgeMusic, it’s her third solo effort after the release of two EPs: Sunrise (released in September 2016) and Supernatural (released in February 2017).

Wilson has stated that she had been working on the album for several years with her solo band, first as a collaboration for gigs and then a more consistent project. Change features ten tracks, consisting of eight original compositions and two covers (New Colony Six’s “Things I’d Like to Say” and Oh-OK’s “Brother”). Although it did not chart on any major charts, critics praised the low-tempo synth electronica direction that Wilson took on this release and the album achieved a 74% positive score on Metacritic. An official video was released for "Brother".
Rosario Group
The Rosario Group is a Late Cretaceous geologic group in southwestern California (United States) and northwestern Baja California (Mexico). In older literature it was named Rosario Formation.

The Cretaceous aged formations of the Rosario Group include the Point Loma Formation, Cabrillo Formation and Lusardi Formation, in ascending order.

The sedimentary structures of the Rosario Group apparently were formed in a nearshore shelf environment, probably a local embayment.

Point Loma Formation
The Point Loma Formation is a sedimentary geological formation in Southern California. The strata date back to the Late Cretaceous epochs of the Cretaceous period, during the Mesozoic Era.

The formation is named after the Point Loma peninsula in southwestern San Diego County, California.
2008 Masters of Curling (November)
The 2008 Masters of Curling was held November 12–16, 2008 at the Waterloo Memorial Recreation Complex in Waterloo, Ontario.

Glenn Howard's rink won their third straight Masters tournament, defeating Kevin Koe's rink in the final. The event is not to be confused with the January event that happened in the same year, but the previous season. Both events featured Howard defeating Koe in the final.

2008 Masters of Curling (January)
The 2008 Masters of Curling was held January 23–27, 2008 at the Credit Union Centre in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. It was the third Grand Slam event of the 2007-08 curling season.

Glenn Howard's rink won their second straight Masters tournament, defeating Kevin Koe's rink in the final. Howard's rink won $C24,000 and the total purse of the event was $100,000.

The Masters would be held again in November 2008, in the following season in which the same two teams would play in the final.
Digital Speech Standard
Digital Speech Standard (DSS) is a proprietary compressed digital audio file format defined by the International Voice Association, a consortium of Olympus, Philips and Grundig Business Systems.

DSS was originally developed in 1994 by Grundig with the University of Nuremberg. In 1997, the digital speech standard was released, which was based on the previous codec. It is commonly used on digital dictation recorders. Modern psychoacoustical codecs that perform nearly as well at only slightly higher bitrates have led to this speech coding standard being less used in modern voice recording equipment.

Grundig Business Systems
Grundig Business Systems (GBS) is a German maker of dictation solutions located in Bayreuth and Nuremberg in Germany and employs 170 people. It was spun off from Grundig AG in 2001 to focus on the manufacture of analogue and digital dictation devices featuring the "Made in Germany" label.
Communist Party of Ireland (1933)
The Communist Party of Ireland (CPI) was a political party founded in June 1933 in the Irish Free State. It was the second party to call itself by this name, being preceded by Socialist Party of Ireland which used the name Communist Party of Ireland briefly in the early 1920s. The party found it extremely difficult to operate in 1930s Ireland and never gained much traction. The party was involved in the failed attempt to unite the various left-wing political factions in Ireland into one force known as the Republican Congress. Following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, many of the CPI's members volunteered on the Republican side. Following the entry of the Soviet Union in World War II in 1941, the party was disbanded in July 1941 and its members were encouraged to join the Labour Party.

Republican Congress
The Republican Congress (Irish: An Chomhdháil Phoblachtach) was an Irish republican political organisation founded in 1934, when pro-communist republicans left the Anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army. The Congress was led by such anti-Treaty veterans as Peadar O'Donnell, Frank Ryan and George Gilmore. In their later phase they were involved with the Communist International and International Brigades paramilitary; the Connolly Column.

The group claimed: "We believe that a republic of a united Ireland will never be achieved except through a struggle which uproots capitalism on its way." They were not a political party as such, but rather an extraparliamentary organisation dedicated to creating a "workers' republic," which leaned towards the Communist Party of Ireland. They split mostly over whether they should be a party in their own right.
Drug Tariff
The Drug Tariff, also known as Drug Tariff price, is that amount that the NHS in England and Wales and repays pharmacies for generic prescription medications. It differs from prescription charges which are £9.90 per item/drug as of April 2024 unless exemptions apply.

They are published monthly by NHS Prescription Services, and used as a reference in England and Wales by pharmacists or doctors dispensing in primary care.  It covers such issues as the costs of prescription payments for patients, costs of appliances and blacklisted medicines.

NHS treatments blacklist
The NHS treatments blacklist is an informal name for a list of medicines and procedures which will not be funded by public money except in exceptional cases. These include but are not limited to procedures which the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has ruled of limited effectiveness and particular brand name medicines. In 2017 there was a proposal for 3,200 over-the-counter (OTC) drugs to be restricted and 18 procedures to be added to the list. This generated some controversy amongst doctors with some arguing that OTC should be blacklisted instead, and others believing the move did not take into account individual patient needs.
Junko Ikeuchi
Sumiko Nakazawa (中沢 純子, Nakazawa Sumiko; 4 November 1933 – 26 September 2010), known professionally as Junko Ikeuchi (池内 淳子, Ikeuchi Junko), was a Japanese actress. She joined the film studio Shintoho after being recruited from Mitsukoshi's Nihonbashi store, and subsequently starred in films and television series like Super Giant (1957), The Ghost of Yotsuya (1959), A Woman and the Beancurd Soup (1965), Illusion of Blood (1965), and Tora-san's Love Call (1971). Gaining popularity on television dramas, she also earned the nicknames "20% Actress" and "Queen of TV Dramas".

Super Giant
Super Giant (スーパージャイアンツ, Sūpā Jaiantsu; literally translated as "Super Giants") is a Japanese superhero featured in a successful series of serial-like tokusatsu short feature films produced between 1957 and 1959 by Shintoho (the non-union branch of Toho). He is also known in Japan as Giant of Steel (鋼鉄の巨人, Kōtetsu no Kyojin), is known in The United States as Starman, and known in France and Italy as Spaceman.
Gyanmati
Gyanmati Mataji (Jñānamati) is an Indian Jain religious guru Aryika (pure soul)from India. She is known for being a prolific author and the construction of several Jain temples including the Jambudweep temple complex at Hastinapur, Uttar Pradesh, Ayodya Jain Tirth and the Statue of Ahimsa at Mangi Tungi in Maharashtra.

Hastinapur
Hastinapur is a city in the Meerut district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Hastinapura is described as the capital of the Kuru kingdom in Hindu texts such as the Mahabharata and the Puranas; it is also mentioned in ancient Jain texts. Hastinapur is located on the right bank of the Ganga river.
Western High Plateau
The Western High Plateau, Western Highlands or Bamenda Grassfields is a region of Cameroon characterised by high relief, cool temperatures, heavy rainfall and savanna vegetation. The region lies along the Cameroon line and consists of mountain ranges and volcanoes made of crystalline and igneous rock. The region borders the South Cameroon Plateau to the southeast, the Adamawa Plateau to the northeast and the Cameroon coastal plain to the south.

Cameroon line
The Cameroon line (French: Ligne du Cameroun, Portuguese: Linha dos Camarões, Spanish: cordillera de Camerún) is a 1,600 km (1,000 mi) long chain of volcanoes that includes islands in the Gulf of Guinea and mountains on the African mainland, from Mount Cameroon on the coast towards Lake Chad on the northeast. They form a natural border between eastern Nigeria and the West Region of Cameroon. 
The islands, which span the equator, have tropical climates and are home to many unique plant and bird species. The mainland mountain regions are much cooler than the surrounding lowlands, and also contain unique and ecologically important environments.

The Cameroon volcanic line is geologically unusual in extending through both the ocean and the continental crust. Various hypotheses have been advanced by different geologists to explain the line.
Common ling
The common ling (Molva molva), also known as the white ling or simply the ling, is a large member of the family Lotidae, a group of cod-like fish. It resembles the related rocklings, but it is much larger and has a single barbel. This species is unrelated to the pink ling, Genypterus blacodes, from the Southern Hemisphere. The common ling is found in the northern Atlantic, mainly off Europe, and into the Mediterranean Basin. It is an important quarry species for fisheries, especially in the northeastern Atlantic, although some doubts exist as to the sustainability of the fisheries. As an edible species, it is eaten fresh, frozen, or dried, but also preserved in lye, while the roe is a delicacy in Spain.

Roe
Roe, (/roʊ/ ⓘ ROH) or hard roe, is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses, of fish and certain marine animals such as shrimp, scallop, sea urchins and squid. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes, and as a raw ingredient for delicacies such as caviar.

The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake, mullet, salmon, Atlantic bonito, mackerel, squid, and cuttlefish are especially rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, but omega-3s are present in all fish roe. Also, a significant amount of vitamin B12 is among the nutrients present in fish roes.

Roe from a sturgeon, or sometimes other fish such as flathead grey mullet, is the raw base product from which caviar is made.

The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt, not fish eggs.
Freawaru
Freawaru, introduced in l. 2020 of the poem Beowulf, is the daughter of King Hroðgar and Queen Wealhþeow.

Freawaru is a freoðuwebbe or peace-weaver (an important concept in the poem) who is married to Ingeld, King of the Heaðobards and son of Froda. This marriage was created as a means of ending a feud between the two kingdoms (due to the murder of Froda by the Danes). It was an unsuccessful attempt to end the feud. An old warrior urged the Heaðobards to revenge, and Beowulf predicts to Hygelac that Ingeld will turn against his father-in-law Hroðgar. In a version given in the Danish chronicle Gesta Danorum (see below), the old warrior appears as Starkad, and he succeeded in making Ingeld divorce his bride and in turning him against her family.

Hrothgar
Hrothgar (Old English: Hrōðgār [ˈr̥oːðɡɑːr]; Old Norse: Hróarr) was a semi-legendary Danish king living around the early sixth century AD.

Hrothgar appears in the Anglo-Saxon epics Beowulf and Widsith, in Norse sagas and poems, and in medieval Danish chronicles. In both Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian tradition, Hrothgar is a Scylding, the son of Halfdan, the brother of Halga, and the uncle of Hrólfr Kraki. Moreover, in both traditions, the mentioned characters were the contemporaries of the Swedish king Eadgils; and both traditions also mention a feud with men named Fróði and Ingeld. The consensus view is that Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian traditions describe the same person.