hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xu Xusheng
Xu Xusheng, also known by his courtesy name Xu Bingchang, (1888 – January 4, 1976) was a Chinese archaeologist, historian, and explorer born in Tanghe, Henan Province. Best known for his discovery of the Erlitou culture in 1959, he was one of China's most important and respected archaeologists and historians of the twentieth century, providing a model of archaeological methodology for future Chinese archaeologists. He also was president of Beijing Normal University.

Erlitou culture
34°41′35″N 112°41′20″E﻿ / ﻿34.693°N 112.689°E﻿ / 34.693; 112.689

The Erlitou culture (Chinese: 二里頭; pinyin: Èrlǐtóu) was an early Bronze Age society and archaeological culture. It existed in the Yellow River valley from approximately 1900 to 1500 BC. A 2007 study using radiocarbon dating proposed a narrower date range of 1750–1530 BC. The culture is named after Erlitou, an archaeological site in Yanshi, Henan. It was widely spread throughout Henan and Shanxi and later appeared in Shaanxi and Hubei. Most archaeologists consider Erlitou the first state-level society in China. Chinese archaeologists generally identify the Erlitou culture as the site of the Xia dynasty, but there is no firm evidence, such as surviving written records, to substantiate such a linkage, as the earliest evidence of Chinese writing dates to the Late Shang period.
Buronson
Yoshiyuki Okamura (Japanese: 岡村 善行, Hepburn: Okamura Yoshiyuki; born June 16, 1947), known by the pen names Buronson (武論尊) and Sho Fumimura (史村 翔, Fumimura Shō), is a Japanese manga writer. Making his debut in 1972, he first found success with the hardboiled detective manga series Doberman Deka (1975–1979) alongside illustrator Shinji Hiramatsu. He is best-known for creating the post-apocalyptic martial arts series Fist of the North Star (1983–1988) with artist Tetsuo Hara, which is one of the best-selling manga in history with over 100 million copies in circulation. He has since worked with Ryoichi Ikegami on several series, including Heat (1998–2004), which won the 2002 Shogakukan Manga Award for general manga. Buronson received a Special Award at the 2021 Saito Takao Awards for his continued contributions to manga, including his training of younger artists.

Tetsuo Hara
Tetsuo Hara (Japanese: 原 哲夫, Hepburn: Hara Tetsuo; born September 2, 1961) is a Japanese manga artist. He is best known for co-creating the post-apocalyptic martial arts series Fist of the North Star (1983–1988) with writer Buronson, which is one of the best-selling manga in history with over 100 million copies in circulation.
Trautenfels Castle
Trautenfels Castle (German: Schloss Trautenfels) is a palace located in the district of Liezen in Styria. It lies directly on the Enns at 673m in the municipality Pürgg-Trautenfels on a cliff protrusion at the foot of the Grimming.

Pürgg-Trautenfels
Pürgg-Trautenfels (German: [pʏʁk ˈtʁaʊ̯tn̩ˌfɛls]) is a former municipality in the district of Liezen in Styria, Austria. Since 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Stainach-Pürgg.
Gippsland railway line
The Gippsland railway line (formerly known as the Orbost railway line) is a railway line serving the Latrobe Valley and Gippsland regions of Victoria, Australia. It runs east from the state capital Melbourne through Warragul,  Moe, Morwell, Traralgon, Sale and terminating at Bairnsdale.

Prior to the closure of the section east of Bairnsdale in 1987, the line extended to Orbost. The formation of that now-dismantled section has become the East Gippsland Rail Trail, a shared bicycle, walking, and horse-riding track.

Morwell
Morwell is a town in the Latrobe Valley area of Gippsland, in South-Eastern Victoria, Australia approximately 152 km (94 mi) east of Melbourne.

Morwell has a population of 14,389 people at the 2021 census.

It is both the capital and administrative centre for the City of Latrobe and the city’s second most populous town after the neighbouring Traralgon. Morwell is located in the centre of the Latrobe Valley urban area, which has a population of 77,168 at the 2021 Census and is home to many of the greater urban area's civic institutions, administrative functions and infrastructure.

The city is known for its role as a major energy production centre for Victoria as the centre of a major coal mining and fossil-fuel power generation industry.

Morwell's centenary rose garden located in the central business district, won an award in 2009 for being a 'garden of excellence'. Since 2018, the town has hosted the International Rose Garden Festival Morwell (IRGFM).
Maringa River
The Maringa river is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Maringa, and the Lopori River to the north, join  tBasankusu to form the Lulonga River, a tributary of the Congo River.
he Maringa / Lopori basin contains the Maringa-Lopori-Wamba Landscape, an area of great ecological importance.
The Ngando people live in the Maringa River area north of Ikela.

Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.
U.S. Route 123
U.S. Route 123 (US 123) is a spur of US 23 in the U.S. states of Georgia and South Carolina. The U.S. Highway runs 75.12 miles (120.89 km) from its western terminus (signed as south) at US 23, US 441, SR 15 and SR 365 near Clarkesville, Georgia, east (though signed as north) to Interstate 385 Business (I-385 Business) in Greenville, South Carolina. US 123 parallels I-85 to the north as it connects the Northeast Georgia cities of Clarkesville and Toccoa with the western Upstate South Carolina communities of Westminster, Seneca, Clemson, Easley, and Greenville.

South Carolina Highway 93
South Carolina Highway 93 (SC 93) is a 19.760-mile (31.801 km) primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It travels from U.S. Route 76 (US 76) and SC 28 in Clemson northeast to US 123 in Easley.
Dean Edwards
Dean Edwards (born July 30, 1970) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, writer, and singer. His work as a voice actor includes Scottie Pippen and Spike Lee in Celebrity Deathmatch, a robot in Robotomy and Donkey in Scared Shrekless after Eddie Murphy was unable to reprise the role (Edwards had impersonated Murphy on stage), along with a couple of other projects. He also appeared in Saturday Night Live Weekend Update Halftime Special as Savion Glover and Don Cheadle,  in Tony n' Tina's Wedding as Father Mark, and The Sopranos.

Edwards has a YouTube channel,  "deanedwardscomedy". He was also the host of the critically acclaimed TV show "Vidiots" on TVone.

Donkey (Shrek)
Donkey is a fictional character created by William Steig and adapted by DreamWorks Animation for the Shrek franchise. He is voiced by Eddie Murphy. Donkey is an anthropomorphic donkey and his appearance is modeled after a miniature donkey named Perry. He is depicted with grey fur, brown eyes, and a black mane. In the franchise, he is the sidekick and best friend of Shrek, husband to Dragon, and father to a litter of Dronkeys (Dragon-Donkeys). As the series' comic relief character, Donkey is well-regarded by critics for his humor, wisdom, energetic nature and Murphy's performance.
Martin Roberts (presenter)
Martin Leyland Roberts (born 20 July 1963) is an English television presenter, property expert, investor, entrepreneur and author. He presents the BBC One property auction series Homes Under the Hammer with co-presenters Martel Maxwell (since 2017) and Dion Dublin, although his co-presenter for many years was  Lucy Alexander. He also hosts the Talkradio show Home Rule with Martin Roberts, on which he chats about property.

Homes Under the Hammer
Homes Under the Hammer is a British factual renovation and auction television series that is screened on BBC One as part of the daytime schedule. The series has been running since 17 November 2003, and is currently presented by Martin Roberts and Martel Maxwell alongside Dion Dublin, Jacqui Joseph, Tommy Walsh and Owain Wyn Evans. Lucy Alexander, who was one of the series' original presenters, departed the series in 2016, though new episodes featuring Alexander were broadcast intermittently until 2018.

The series is the BBC's most successful show among others in the 10 am slot, regularly attaining a 30% market share for new episodes, which equates to approximately 1.5 million viewers per episode.
Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London
Metropolitan boroughs were subdivisions of the County of London from 1900 to 1965. The 28 boroughs were created by the London Government Act 1899. In 1965 they were abolished and replaced by larger London boroughs within the new area of Greater London.

The City of London, indicated no. 1 on the map, was not a metropolitan borough. It predated the metropolitan boroughs and is still in existence.

London Government Act 1899
The London Government Act 1899 (62 & 63 Vict. c. 14) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the administration of the capital. The act divided the County of London into 28 metropolitan boroughs, replacing the 42 local authorities administering the area. The legislation also transferred a few powers from the London County Council to the boroughs, and removed a number of boundary anomalies. The first elections to the new boroughs were held on 1 November 1900.
Trinidad Sanchez Jr.
Trinidad Sanchez Jr. (15 June 1943 – 30 July 2006) was a poet and activist who wrote about culture and social issues.  He received several awards during his lifetime and was given the President's Peace Commission Art of Peace award posthumously in 2007.

President's Peace Commission
The President's Peace Commission is a body composed of invited faculty, staff and students of St. Mary's University in San Antonio, Texas. Each year the Commission chooses a significant theme bearing on the related subjects of peace and justice. Always relevant to the United States, this theme can involve international considerations. In the fall, two days are designated for discussions of the theme by invited speakers and panelists. In the spring, a program is produced which features a concert and the bestowal of the Art of Peace award upon a chosen individual.
Lower Brule Indian Reservation
The Lower Brule Indian Reservation (Khulwíčhaša Oyáte, 'lower people nation') is an Indian reservation that belongs to the Lower Brule Sioux Tribe. It is located on the west bank of the Missouri River in Lyman and Stanley counties in central South Dakota in the United States. The Crow Creek Indian Reservation is on the east bank of the river. The Lower Brule Sioux are considered a band of the Sicangu, one of the tribes of the Lakota people, though a separate group. Tribal headquarters is in Lower Brule.

Crow Creek Indian Reservation
The Crow Creek Indian Reservation (Dakota: Khąǧí wakpá okášpe, Lakota: Kȟaŋğí Wakpá Oyáŋke), home to Crow Creek Sioux Tribe (Dakota: Khąǧí wakpá oyáte or Húŋkpathi Oyáte) is located in parts of Buffalo, Hughes, and Hyde counties on the east bank of the Missouri River in central South Dakota in the United States. It has a land area of 421.658 square miles (1,092.09 km2) and a 2000 census population of 2,225 persons. The major town and capital of the federally recognized Crow Creek Sioux Tribe is Fort Thompson.

The town is located adjacent to the Big Bend Dam, which holds back Big Bend Reservoir (also known as Lake Sharpe), one of the four Missouri Mainstem reservoirs constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the Pick-Sloan Plan. Authorized in 1944 for flood control and hydropower, the dam and lake were completed in the 1960s.
Flat module
In algebra, flat modules include free modules, projective modules, and, over a principal ideal domain, torsion-free modules. Formally, a module M over a ring R is flat if  taking the tensor product over R with M preserves exact sequences. A module is faithfully flat if taking the tensor product with a sequence produces an exact sequence if and only if the original sequence is exact.

Flatness was introduced by Jean-Pierre Serre (1956) in his paper Géometrie Algébrique et Géométrie Analytique.

Finitely generated module
In mathematics, a finitely generated module is a module that has a finite generating set. A finitely generated module over a ring R may also be called a finite R-module, finite over R, or a module of finite type.

Related concepts include finitely cogenerated modules, finitely presented modules, finitely related modules and coherent modules all of which are defined below.  Over a Noetherian ring the concepts of finitely generated, finitely presented and coherent modules coincide.

A finitely generated module over a field is simply a finite-dimensional vector space, and a finitely generated module over the integers is simply a finitely generated abelian group.
Alberto Tauro del Pino
Alberto Tauro del Pino (Callao, January 17, 1914 — February 18, 1994) was a Peruvian writer, bibliograph and librarian. He carried out important studies in the field of history and literature, mainly in bibliographical topics.

His most notable work was Enciclopedia ilustrada del Perú, a multi-volume encyclopaedia on Peruvian people, events and history, among other things. He also collaborated with fellow historian and writer Jorge Basadre on the reconstruction of the National Library of Peru, after it burned down in a fire in 1943.

Jorge Basadre
Jorge Alfredo Basadre Grohmann (12 February 1903 – 29 June 1980) was a Peruvian historian known for his extensive publications about the independent history of his country. He served during two different administrations as Minister of Education and was also director of the Peruvian National Library.
Homecoming (2023 film)
Homecoming (French: Le Retour) is a 2023 French drama film co-written and directed by Catherine Corsini. It is a family drama about a woman who returns to Corsica with her two teenage daughters for the summer, starring Aïssatou Diallo Sagna, Suzy Bemba and Esther Gohourou.

The film had its world premiere in the main competition of the 76th Cannes Film Festival on 17 May 2023, where it was nominated for the Palme d'Or. It was theatrically released in France on 12 July 2023 by Le Pacte.

Before its release the film generated a controversy for filming a simulated manual sex scene (cut from the film) involving underage actors without declaration to authorities, as well as allegations of sexual assault and poor working conditions on set.

Suzy Bemba
Suzy Bemba (French: [syzi bɛmba]; born 22 June 2000 in  Martigues) is a French actress known for her appearances in Poor Things, Homecoming, and Kandisha. In January 2024, she was featured on Unifrance's 10 to Watch. She was also included in the European Shooting Stars programme at the 2024 Berlin International Film Festival.

She founded the Actors Association (ADA), a professional support group aiming to combat harassment and improve on-set protection for French actors.

Bemba is studying medicine alongside her acting career.
Finders Keepers (Mabel song)
"Finders Keepers" is a song by English singer Mabel featuring Kojo Funds. It was released on 26 May 2017 as the lead single from Mabel's first EP Bedroom. It was also included on her first mixtape Ivy to Roses (2017) and on her first full-length album High Expectations (2019) as a bonus track. The song peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart.

Kojo Funds
Errol Bellot, known professionally as Kojo Funds (/koʊdʒoʊ fʌndz/ KOH-joh FUNDZ), is an English singer, rapper, and songwriter. His music blends West African and Caribbean sounds with road rap, dancehall, and pop. Kojo Funds featured on Yxng Bane's single "Fine Wine" and on Mabel's "Finders Keepers". His own singles include "Check" with Raye.
James Gray (director)
James Gray (born April 14, 1969) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. Since his feature debut Little Odessa in 1994, he has made seven other features including We Own the Night (2007), Two Lovers (2008), The Immigrant (2013), The Lost City of Z (2016), Ad Astra (2019), and Armageddon Time (2022). Five of his films have competed for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival.

Little Odessa (film)
Little Odessa is a 1994 American crime drama film directed and written by James Gray, in his directorial debut, and starring Tim Roth, Edward Furlong, Moira Kelly, Maximilian Schell and Vanessa Redgrave. The title is a reference to Brighton Beach, a community in Brooklyn nicknamed "Little Odessa".
Iryna Mudra
Iryna Romanivna Mudra (Ukrainian: Ірина Романівна Мудра, romanized: Iryna Romanivna Mudra; born 26 July 1975) is a Ukrainian lawyer who is the Deputy Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine, responsible for legal matters since 30 March 2024. A graduate of the University of Lviv, she was a lawyer at the State Savings Bank of Ukraine before she began working for the state.

In the international arena, she is known for publicly promoting the special tribunal for the crime of aggression and development of a mechanism for sanctions and reparations against the Russian Federation for the war against Ukraine.

Oschadbank
The Public JSC "State Savings Bank of Ukraine", or PAT Oschadbank (Russian: Сбербанк, romanized: Sberbank; Ukrainian: ПАТ "Ощадбанк", lit. 'PJSC Savings bank'), is a major public bank in Ukraine. In early 2024, it was confirmed by the National Bank of Ukraine as one of the country's systemically important banks.

In April 2022, Oschadbank became a member of the Individual Deposit Guarantee Fund (FGVFO).

As of the first of July, 2023, the bank had 1,183 branches and 2,790 ATMs throughout the country which carry out various functions, such as the disbursement of pensions, social aid, processing of utility payments and other banking transactions.

The head office of Oschadbank is located in Kyiv. As of 2020, the bank received a net profit of ₴2.78 billion, which is ₴2.5 billion more than in 2019.
Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to prove them.

Counterexample
A counterexample is a specific example that contradicts a claim, hypothesis, or generalization. In logic a counterexample disproves a universally stated claim, and does so rigorously in the fields of mathematics and philosophy. For example, the statement that "student John Smith is not lazy" is a counterexample to the generalization "students are lazy", and both a counterexample to, and disproof of, the universal quantification "all students are lazy."
Maribor Water Tower
The Maribor Water Tower (Slovene: Vodni stolp) is a medieval fortified tower in the city of Maribor, Slovenia. The late-Renaissance tower stands directly abuts the Drava River and dates from 1555. It is of pentagonal form and consists of massive stone blocks interspersed with embrasures. It was built to secure the southeast part of the Maribor city walls from the direction of the river.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
Ready for the Flood
Ready for the Flood is an album by former Jayhawks  bandmates Mark Olson and Gary Louris, released in Europe on December 1, 2008, and in the US on January 29, 2009. It was their first collaboration since Olson had left the band in 1995.

The songwriting and recording sessions for the album resulted from a visit by Louris to Olson's home in California in late 2001. The duo asked Chris Robinson to produce the recording. They briefly toured to support the album.

Gary Louris
Gary Michael Louris (born March 10, 1955) is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter of alternative country and pop music. He was a founding member of the Minneapolis-based band the Jayhawks and their principal songwriter and vocalist after the departure of Mark Olson. Louris is often credited with the band's subsequent move from folk-country toward a more progressive, pop sound.
Danny Gokey
Daniel Jay Gokey (born April 24, 1980) is an American singer and former church music director. He was the third-place finalist on the eighth season of American Idol. After his placing on the show, Gokey signed to 19 Recordings and RCA Nashville at the beginning of a career in country music, releasing the single "My Best Days Are Ahead of Me." His debut album, My Best Days, was released in March 2010.

After leaving RCA Nashville in November 2011, he gravitated his music towards an adult pop/contemporary Christian sound and subsequently made a record deal with BMG Rights Management in May 2013. He released his second studio album, Hope in Front of Me, in 2014.

My Best Days Are Ahead of Me
"My Best Days Are Ahead of Me" is a song written by Marv Green and Kent Blazy, and recorded by American Idol season 8 finalist Danny Gokey. It was released in December 2009 as the lead-off single from his debut album My Best Days, which was released on March 2, 2010, via RCA Nashville.
Saints & Sinners (2016 TV series)
Saints & Sinners is an American prime time television soap opera that aired on Bounce TV from March 6, 2016, until May 22, 2022. Starring Vanessa Bell Calloway, Clifton Powell, Keith Robinson, Christian Keyes, and Gloria Reuben.  The series was the first original drama produced by the African-American-oriented television network Bounce TV and was a ratings success, running for six seasons.

Christian Keyes
Christian Keyes (born July 24, 1975) is an American actor and model. Born in Detroit, Michigan, and raised in Flint, Michigan, Keyes got his start in the entertainment industry by appearing in stage plays. He subsequently graduated to television and film. Since his introduction as an actor, he has added singer, author and producer to his resume. Keyes has one son, named Christian Keyes, Jr.