hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Klein–Nishina formula
In particle physics, the Klein–Nishina formula gives the differential cross section (i.e. the "likelihood" and angular distribution) of photons scattered from a single free electron, calculated in the lowest order of quantum electrodynamics. It was first derived in 1928 by Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishina, constituting one of the first successful applications of the Dirac equation. The formula describes both the Thomson scattering of low energy photons (e.g. visible light) and the Compton scattering of high energy photons (e.g. x-rays and gamma-rays), showing that the total cross section and expected deflection angle decrease with increasing photon energy.

In quantum field theory it is known as Klein–Nishina–Tamm formula, adding the name of Igor Tamm who derived the formula from field quantization.

Oskar Klein
Oskar Benjamin Klein (Swedish: [ˈklajn]; 15 September 1894 – 5 February 1977) was a Swedish theoretical physicist now best remembered for the Klein-Gordon equation of relativistic quantum mechanics, the Kaluza-Klein theory, a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism, and the Klein-Nishina cross section in quantum electrodynamics.
Giannis Pathiakakis
Giannis Pathiakakis (Greek: Γιάννης Παθιακάκης; 15 June 1953 – 8 February 2002) was a Greek professional footballer who played as a midfielder and a later manager.  After his death the stadium of Akratitos was named Yiannis Pathiakakis Stadium in his honour.

A.P.O. Akratitos Ano Liosia
A.P.O. Akratitos Ano Liosia (Greek: Α.Π.Ο. Ακράτητος Άνω Λιοσίων) is a Greek football professional club from Ano Liosia, Athens, Greece. They currently play in the Alpha Division of the Football League championship, which is the third level of the Greek football pyramid. They maintain a quite strong academy of youngsters.
Anisur Rahman Zico
Anisur Rahman Zico (Bengali: আনিসুর রহমান জিকো) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Bangladesh Premier League club Bashundhara Kings and the Bangladesh national team. He is considered to be a penalty specialist in Bangladesh football circles. He is nicknamed "Banglar Bajpakhi" (Bengali: বাংলার বাজপাখি) which translates to "The Hawk/Falcon of Bangla" in English.

Bashundhara Kings
Bashundhara Kings (Bengali: বসুন্ধরা কিংস) is a professional football club based in Bashundhara Residential Area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The club competes in the Bangladesh Premier League, the top tier of the Bangladesh football league system. The club was established in 2013 and debuted in Bangladesh Premier League during the 2018–19 season. The club is owned and managed by Bashundhara Group.
Aakrosh (1980 film)
Aakrosh (transl. Outrage) is a 1980 Indian Hindi-language legal drama film directed by Govind Nihalani in his debut, and written by Vijay Tendulkar. Starring Naseeruddin Shah, Om Puri and Amrish Puri in pivotal roles, the film was released to widely positive reviews, winning the Golden Peacock (Best Film) at the 8th International Film Festival of India, as well as the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi and several other honors.

Nihalani went on to be known for his dark and frighteningly real depictions of human angst in other landmark alternative films such as Ardh Satya and Tamas. Aakrosh is listed among the 60 films that shaped the Indian film industry over a period of six decades.

Tamas (film)
Tamas (lit. Darkness) is a 1988 period television film written and directed by Govind Nihalani. It is based on the Hindi novel of the same name by Bhisham Sahni (1974), which won the author the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1975. Set in the backdrop of riot-stricken Pakistan at the time of the partition of India in 1947, the film deals with the plight of emigrant Sikh and Hindu families to India as a consequence of the partition. It was first shown on India's national broadcaster Doordarshan as a mini-series and later as a one-off four-hour-long feature film. At the 35th National Film Awards, it won three awards including the Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration. In August 2013, it was shown on History TV18 as a series.
Emilio Munda
Emilio Munda (born 14 January 1982 in Fermo) is an Italian songwriter, arranger, composer and producer. 
He won the 69th Sanremo Festival as an author and composer of the song "Musica che resta" for the international group Il Volo
and ranked second at the 70th Sanremo Festival as author and composer of the song "8 Marzo" interpreted by Tecla Insolia also winning the critics' award.

He composed songs for Eros Ramazzotti, Umberto Tozzi, Francesco Renga, Nina Zilli, Gemelli Diversi, Nomadi, Sergio Dalma, Tecla Insolia, Il Volo, Dear Jack, Michele Bravi, Valerio Scanu, Silvia Mezzanotte, and for other artists of Italian television talent: The Voice of Italy, Amici di Maria De Filippi and X Factor

Il Volo
Il Volo (pronounced [il ˈvoːlo]; transl. 'The Flight') is an Italian operatic pop trio, consisting of Gianluca Ginoble, Piero Barone, and Ignazio Boschetto. They describe their music as "popera". Having won the Sanremo Music Festival 2015, they represented Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with the song "Grande amore", finishing first in the televote and third overall.
ŠSG-FA Šiauliai
Football Academy of Šiauliai is a Lithuanian football academy from the city of Šiauliai. Simply was known as "Šiauliai". Academy have ladies and man's teams, also child groups and youngsters in U type championships.

ŠSG-FA Šiauliai is a ladies football team, representing Football Academy of Šiauliai. Currently play in top division – Moterų A Lyga.

Moterų A Lyga
The Lithuanian Women's A Lyga (Lithuanian: Moterų A lyga) is Lithuania's top level women's football (soccer) league. The champion of the league qualifies for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League. The league is above the Lithuanian women football association's (LMFA) First League.
Pavel Chekov
Pavel Andreievich Chekov (Russian: Павел Андреевич Чеков) is a fictional character in the Star Trek universe.

Walter Koenig portrayed Chekov in the second and third seasons of the original Star Trek series and the first seven Star Trek films. Anton Yelchin portrayed the character in the 2009 Star Trek reboot film and two sequels, Star Trek Into Darkness and Star Trek Beyond.  Both Koenig and Yelchin were born to Russian parents, but grew up in the United States, and both affected Russian accents for their roles.

Walter Koenig
Walter Marvin Koenig (/ˈkeɪnɪɡ/; born September 14, 1936) is an American actor and screenwriter. He began acting professionally in the mid-1960s and quickly rose to prominence for his supporting role as Ensign Pavel Chekov in Star Trek: The Original Series (1967–1969). He went on to reprise this role in all six original-cast Star Trek films, and later voiced President Anton Chekov in Star Trek: Picard (2023). He has also acted in several other series and films including Goodbye, Raggedy Ann (1971), The Questor Tapes (1974), and Babylon 5 (1993). In addition to his acting career, Koenig has made a career in writing as well and is known for working on Land of the Lost (1974), Family (1976), What Really Happened to the Class of '65? (1977) and The Powers of Matthew Star (1982).
Albert Kotin
Albert Kotin (August 7, 1907 – February 6, 1980) was a Russian-born American abstract expressionist painter. He belonged to the early generation of New York School artists whose innovations by the 1950s had gained recognition across the Atlantic, including in Paris. The New York School's abstract expressionism, led by figures such as Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, and Franz Kline, became a leading art movement of the post-World War II era.

New York School (art)
The New York School was an informal group of American poets, painters, dancers, and musicians active in the 1950s and 1960s in New York City. They often drew inspiration from surrealism and the contemporary avant-garde art movements, in particular action painting, abstract expressionism, jazz, improvisational theater, experimental music, and the interaction of friends in the New York City art world's vanguard circle.
The Beggar Student (1931 British film)
The Beggar Student is a 1931 British operetta film directed by Victor Hanbury and John Harvel and starring Shirley Dale, Lance Fairfax and Jerry Verno. It was written by John Stafford|, Hans H. Zerlett, Camillo Walze and Richard Genée based on the 1882 operetta The Beggar Student by Carl Millöcker.

Der Bettelstudent, a separate German film based on the same operetta, was made the same year.

The Beggar Student (1931 German film)
The Beggar Student (German: Der Bettelstudent) is a 1931 German operetta film directed by Victor Janson and starring Hans-Heinz Bollmann, Jarmila Novotná and Fritz Schulz. The film is based on the 1882 operetta The Beggar Student. A British version of the film The Beggar Student was also released the same year.

The film's art direction was by Botho Hoefer and Bernhard Schwidewski.
Ferdinand Nahimana
Ferdinand Nahimana (born 15 June 1950) is a Rwandan historian, who was convicted of incitement to genocide for his role in the 1994 Rwandan genocide.

Nahimana was co-founder of the radio station Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), which during the genocide broadcast information and propaganda that helped coordinate the killings and fuel the hatred against Tutsi and moderate Hutu victims.

Incitement to genocide
Incitement to genocide is a crime under international law which prohibits inciting (encouraging) the commission of genocide. An extreme form of hate speech, incitement to genocide is an inchoate offense and is theoretically subject to prosecution even if genocide does not occur, although charges have never been brought in an international court without mass violence having occurred. "Direct and public incitement to commit genocide" was forbidden by the Genocide Convention in 1948. Incitement to genocide is often cloaked in metaphor and euphemism and may take many forms beyond direct advocacy, including dehumanization and accusation in a mirror.
Mighty Flip Champs!
Mighty Flip Champs! is a puzzle-platform game developed and published by WayForward Technologies for the Nintendo DSi's DSiWare digital download service. It was released on June 1, 2009, in North America and on November 27 in the PAL regions. The developers took inspiration from multiple sources, including the video games Wendy: Every Witch Way and The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past. In it, players control Alta, a girl who has to reach a fishman by flipping between areas until she can reach him. Since its release, Mighty Flip Champs! received all-around positive reception, while also being called one of the best video games for the DSiWare service. It is the first game in the Mighty series, and is followed by Mighty Milky Way, Mighty Switch Force! and Mighty Switch Force! 2.

The game has been ported to PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable via the PlayStation Network as a PlayStation Mini under the title Mighty Flip Champs! DX. It was released in North America on July 12, 2011.

WayForward
WayForward Technologies, Inc. is an American independent video game developer and publisher based in Valencia, California. Founded in March 1990 by technology entrepreneur Voldi Way, WayForward started by developing games for consoles such as the Super NES and Sega Genesis, as well as TV games and PC educational software. In 1997, they relaunched their video games arm, placing the company as a contractor for publishers and working on a variety of licensed assets.

The company has created a variety of original game properties such as their flagship Shantae series, including the first title in the series which appeared on the Game Boy Color and was published by Capcom. WayForward Technologies has worked on games for the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation Vita handheld consoles, WiiWare games for Nintendo's Wii and Wii U, Nintendo Switch consoles and games for PC and mobile phones.
Church History (journal)
Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture is a quarterly academic journal. It is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Society of Church History, and was established in 1932. It is abstracted and indexed in the ATLA Religion Database. The editors-in-chief are Andrea Sterk (University of Minnesota), Euan Cameron (Union Theological Seminary, Columbia University), Dana Robert (Boston University), and Laurie Maffly-Kipp (Washington University in St. Louis). The journal is regarded as highly authoritative in its field, and is compared to the British Journal of Ecclesiastical History.

The Journal of Ecclesiastical History
The Journal of Ecclesiastical History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press. It was established in 1950 and covers all aspects of the history of the Christian Church. It deals with the church both as an institution and in its relations with other religions and society at large. The journal publishes articles and book reviews.

The current editors-in-chief are Alec Ryrie (Durham University) and James Carleton Paget (University of Cambridge). The journal is regarded as highly authoritative in its field, and is compared to the American Church History.
Zajedničar
Zajedničar (Fraternalist) is a newspaper of the Croatian Fraternal Union of America (CFU), a fraternal benefit society of the Croatian diaspora.

The magazine was started in 1904, during the CFU's presidency of Josip Marohnić, its founder and the first president.

Zajedničar is headquartered and printed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is published in dual-language format with the first section in English and the second section being a full Croatian translation. Since 2009, the newspaper is also distributed in PDF format.  The paper is the only ongoing Croatian-language newspaper in the United States.

Another publication called Narodni Zajedničar (People's Fraternalist) was launched by Croatian communists within the CFU in 1939, but it was short-lived and no surviving copies are known to exist. It formed part of non-English press of the Communist Party USA.

Croatian Fraternal Union
The Croatian Fraternal Union (Croatian: Hrvatska bratska zajednica) (CFU), the oldest and largest Croatian organization in North America, is a fraternal benefit society of the Croatian diaspora based out of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US.
IBM 5280 Distributed Data System
The IBM 5280 Distributed Data System was a data entry system introduced by IBM in 1980 that expanded on the earlier IBM 3740 of 1973. The 3740 was essentially a computer terminal that recorded a user's data entry onto an 8-inch floppy disk instead of older storage media like punch cards or paper tape. The 5280 expanded on this model by including a complete low-end computer system that could be customized for different roles, ran faster, had more storage both internally and on the disks, and a better display. It also sported an enhanced styling, looking more like a contemporary all-in-one microcomputer compared to the 3740 large desk-like appearance.

IBM 3740
IBM 3740 Data Entry System was a data entry system that was announced by IBM in 1973.  It recorded data on an 8" diskette, a new recording medium from IBM, for fast, flexible, efficient data entry to either high-production, centralized operations or to decentralized, remote operations. The "Diskette" was more commonly known as an 8-inch floppy disk. It was succeeded in 1980 by the IBM 5280 which added full programmability. The term "IBM 3740" is sometimes used metonymically to refer to the floppy disk recording format it introduced, which was the direct ancestor of the IBM PC floppy format which would become the industry standard in the 1980s and 1990s.
Clifton Reynes
Clifton Reynes is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is about a mile east of Olney. It shares a joint parish council with Newton Blossomville. It is situated roughly 8 miles (13 km) north of Central Milton Keynes and 9 miles (14 km) west of Bedford.

Newton Blossomville
Newton Blossomville is a village in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. It is a civil parish, sharing a joint parish council with Clifton Reynes.  At the 2011 census, the population of the parish was 329, an increase of 17.5%  on the 280 figure for 2001

It is located in the north of the Borough, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Olney, 8 miles (13 km) west of Bedford, and 9 miles (14 km) north-east of Central Milton Keynes, close to the Bucks/Beds border.
Jari Haapalainen
Jari Haapalainen (born 1971) is a Swedish musician, songwriter and producer. He was born to Finnish immigrant parents. Haapalainen resides in Berlin, Germany. He played lead guitar for The Bear Quartet, and used to be a member in the pop combo Heikki.

Jari has produced several artists during the past twenty years, among others Laakso, Ed Harcourt, Camera Obscura, The Loveable Tulips and The Concretes.

Ed Harcourt
Edward Henry Richard Harcourt-Smith (born 14 August 1977) is an English singer-songwriter. To date, he has released ten studio albums, two EPs, and thirteen singles. His debut album, Here Be Monsters, was nominated for the 2001 Mercury Prize. Since 2007 he has been writing for other artists, including Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Paloma Faith, and has performed with Marianne Faithfull and the Libertines. His music is influenced by Tom Waits, Nick Cave, and Jeff Buckley, among others.
Enoura Maru
Enoura Maru was a Japanese cargo ship used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II as a troop transport and prisoner of war (POW) transport ship. Japanese POW transport ships are referred to as hell ships, due to the overcrowded and unsanitary conditions and the many deaths that occurred on board. On 9 January 1945, while docked at the port of Takao in Formosa and loaded with Allied prisoners of war who had survived the earlier sinking of Ōryoku Maru, it was attacked by Allied aircraft resulting in the deaths of approximately 400 Allied POWs.

The Enoura Maru was permanently disabled by the air raid, but was hit again by United States Army Air Forces planes at Takao on 26 March 1945 and declared sunk.  The ship actually survived afloat at the Takao dockside until the end of the war.

Ōryoku Maru
Ōryoku Maru (鴨緑丸; named after Yalu River) was a Japanese passenger cargo ship which was commissioned by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II as a troop transport and prisoner of war (POW) transport ship. Japanese POW transport ships are often referred to as hell ships, due to their notoriously unpleasant conditions and the many deaths that occurred on board. In December 1944, the ship was bombed by American aircraft, killing 200 Allied POWs. Hundreds more died in the months that followed.
Night Crossing
Night Crossing is a 1982 thriller drama film starring John Hurt, Jane Alexander and Beau Bridges. The film is based on the true story of the Strelzyk and Wetzel families who, on September 16, 1979, escaped from East Germany to West Germany in a homemade hot-air balloon during the Inner German border-era, when emigration to West Germany was strictly prohibited by the East German government. It was the final theatrical film directed by Delbert Mann and the last in which Kay Walsh appeared before retiring. It was also the final film from Walt Disney Productions to be recorded by RCA Photophone, which was first introduced in the Silly Symphonies animated Disney short film Santa's Workshop (1932).

Kay Walsh
Kathleen Walsh (15 November 1911 – 16 April 2005) was an English actress, dancer, and screenwriter. Her film career prospered after she met her future husband, film director David Lean, with whom she worked on productions such as In Which We Serve and Oliver Twist.
Ekaterina Kniazhnina
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Kniazhnina (Russian: Екатери́на Алекса́ндровна Княжнина́; 1746 – 6 June 1797) was an 18th-century Russian poet. Her surname also appears as Knyazhnina.

Kniazhnina was the daughter of Alexander Sumarokov, a poet and playwright, and Ohanna Khristiforovna Balk, a lady-in-waiting to the future Catherine the Great. She was born and lived in St. Petersburg. She married Yakov Knyazhnin in 1770. She was one of the first Russian women to have poetry published in Russian journals. Kniazhnina was the hostess of an important literary salon.

She was the first Russian woman to write an elegy and is considered by Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary  to be "the first Russian woman writer". She, along with Elizaveta Kheraskova and Alexandra Rzhevskaia were the first women to see their works printed in Russian journals.

Ivan Krylov wrote a parody about Kniazhnina and her husband in 1787, Prokazniki (The trouble-makers).

Alexander Sumarokov
Alexander Petrovich Sumarokov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Петро́вич Сумаро́ков; 25 November 1717 [O.S. 14 November], Villmanstrand – 12 October 1777 [O.S. 1 October]) was a Russian poet and playwright who single-handedly created classical theatre in Russia, thus assisting Mikhail Lomonosov to inaugurate the reign of classicism in Russian literature.
Peet Coombes
Peter George "Peet" Coombes (16 July 1953 – 30 March 1997) was an English guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. He was the lead singer and primary songwriter of the group The Tourists, the first charting band to feature guitarist Dave Stewart and singer Annie Lennox, who later gained greater fame as the duo Eurythmics.

Dave Stewart (Eurythmics)
David Allan Stewart (born 9 September 1952) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known for Eurythmics, his successful professional partnership with Annie Lennox. He won Best British Producer at the 1986, 1987 and 1990 Brit Awards. Stewart (along with Lennox) was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020 and the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2022. Outside of Eurythmics, Stewart has written and produced songs for artists such as Ringo Starr, Stevie Nicks, Mick Jagger and Tom Petty.
Nrusinghanath Temple
Nrusinghanath Temple, is a Hindu temple in Western Odisha, India, situated at the foothills of Gandhamardhan hills near Paikmal, Bargarh. The King of Patna, Baijal Singh Dev laid the foundation of this historic temple in early 15th century CE. It is only 45 feet in height, divided into two parts: the first being the seat of the Lord Nrusinghnath, the second allotted to Jagamohan (antechamber having 3 gates and each supported by 4 pillars.

Western Odisha
20°35′N 84°28′E﻿ / ﻿20.58°N 84.47°E﻿ / 20.58; 84.47
Western Odisha is the western part of the state of Odisha in India, extending from the Kalahandi district in the south to the Sundargarh district in the north.
Borderline (1930 film)
Borderline is a 1930 film, written and directed by Kenneth Macpherson and produced by the Pool Group in Territet, Switzerland. The silent film, with English title cards, is primarily noted for its handling of the contentious issue of interracial relationships, using avant-garde experimental film-making techniques.

The film, which features Paul Robeson, Eslanda Robeson, and H.D., was originally believed to have been lost, but was discovered, by chance, in Switzerland in 1983. An original 16mm copy of this film is now held in the Donnell Media Center, New York City Public Library.

In 2006, the British Film Institute sponsored the film's restoration by The George Eastman House and eventual DVD release with a soundtrack composed by Courtney Pine. Its premiere at the Tate Modern gallery in London attracted 2,000 people. In 2010, the film was released with a soundtrack composed by Mallory Johns, performed by the Southern Connecticut State University Creative Music Orchestra.

Eslanda Goode Robeson
Eslanda "Essie" Cardozo Goode Robeson (December 15, 1895 – December 13, 1965) was an American anthropologist, author, actress, and civil rights activist. She was the wife and business manager of performer Paul Robeson.