hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Devagiri
The conquest of Devagiri occurred around 1308, after the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji sent a large army led by his general Malik Kafur to Devagiri, the capital of the Yadava king Ramachandra.

Alauddin had earlier raided Devagiri in 1296, and forced Ramachandra to pay him tribute. However, Ramachandra had discontinued tribute payments, and had given asylum to the Vaghela king Karna, whom Alauddin had ousted from Gujarat in 1304.

A section of the Delhi army, commanded by Alp Khan, invaded Karna's principality in the Yadava kingdom, and captured the Vaghela princess Devaladevi, who later married Alauddin's son Khizr Khan. Another section, commanded by Malik Kafur captured Devagiri after a weak resistance by the defenders. Ramachandra agreed to become a vassal of Alauddin, and later, aided Malik Kafur in the Sultanate's invasions of the southern kingdoms.

Ramachandra of Devagiri
Ramachandra (IAST: Rāmacandra, r. c. 1271-1311 CE), also known as Ramadeva, was a ruler of the Seuna (Yadava) dynasty of Deccan region in India. He seized the throne from his cousin Ammana, after staging a coup in the capital Devagiri. He expanded the Yadava realm by fighting his neighbours such as the Paramaras, the Vaghelas, the Hoysalas, and the Kakatiyas.

In 1296 CE, he faced a Muslim invasion from the Delhi Sultanate and was forced to pay an annual tribute to Alauddin Khalji. After he discontinued the tribute payments in 1303-1304 CE, Alauddin sent an army led by his slave-general Malik Kafur to subjugate him around 1308, forcing the Yadavas to become a vassal of the Delhi Sultanate. Subsequently, Ramachandra served Alauddin as a loyal feudatory, and helped his forces defeat the Kakatiyas and the Hoysalas.
ELO Part II
The Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) Part II were a British-American rock band formed in 1989 by Electric Light Orchestra drummer and co-founder Bev Bevan. The band also included former ELO bassist and vocalist Kelly Groucutt, and violinist Mik Kaminski for most of its career, along with conductor Louis Clark, who contributed orchestral arrangements to many of ELO's albums and toured as a guest with the original band in its later years; ELO cellist Hugh McDowell likewise briefly performed with Part II in 1991. Alongside these personnel, Part II rotated through several ELO-unaffiliated frontmen during its lifetime, with singer-songwriter and keyboardist Eric Troyer the only one to retain constant membership.

After Bevan left the band in late 1999, he sold his half of the rights to the Electric Light Orchestra name back to Jeff Lynne, and the band changed its name to The Orchestra.

Bev Bevan
Beverley "Bev" Bevan (born 25 November 1944) is an English rock musician who was the drummer and one of the original members of the Move and Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). After the end of ELO in 1986, he founded ELO Part II.

Bevan also was a drummer for Black Sabbath during the Born Again Tour, and later played percussion on The Eternal Idol in 1987. Bevan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 as a member of Electric Light Orchestra.
The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City season 4
The fourth season of The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City, an American reality television series, is broadcast on Bravo. It  premiered on September 5, 2023, and was primarily filmed in Salt Lake City, Utah. Its executive producers are Lisa Shannon, Dan Peirson, Lori Gordon, Luke Neslage and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City focuses on the lives of Lisa Barlow, Heather Gay, Meredith Marks, Whitney Rose, Monica Garcia and Angie Katsanevas, with Mary Cosby appearing as a friend of the housewives.

This season marked the only appearance of Monica Garcia.

Angie Katsanevas
Angie Katsanevas (born November 17, 1973) is an American reality television personality and businesswoman. She is best known as a cast member of the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City, in which she has starred since 2023.
Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.

Kirk Ferentz
Kirk James Ferentz (born August 1, 1955) is an American football coach. He is the head football coach at the University of Iowa, a position he has held since the 1999 season. From 1990 to 1992, Ferentz was the head football coach at the University of Maine. He was also an assistant coach with the Cleveland Browns and Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). Ferentz played college football as a linebacker at the University of Connecticut from 1974 to 1976. Since 2017, he has been the longest tenured FBS coach with one program. Ferentz is the all-time wins and losses leader in the Big Ten Conference.
Penobscot Indian Island Reservation
Penobscot Indian Island Reservation (Abenaki: Álənαpe Mə́nəhan) is an Indian reservation for the Penobscot Tribe of Maine, a federally recognized tribe of the Penobscot in Penobscot County, Maine, United States, near Old Town. The population was 758 at the 2020 census. The reservation extends for many miles alongside 15 towns and two unorganized territories in a thin string along the Penobscot River, from its base at Indian Island, near Old Town and Milford, northward to the vicinity of East Millinocket, almost entirely in Penobscot County. A small, uninhabited part of the reservation used as a game preserve and hunting and gathering ground is in South Aroostook, Aroostook County, by which it passes along its way northward.

Old Town, Maine
Old Town is a city in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. The population was 7,431 at the 2020 census. The city's developed area is chiefly located on the relatively large Marsh Island, but its boundaries extend beyond it. The island is surrounded and defined by the Penobscot River to the east and the Stillwater River to the west.
Linga (actor)
Linga is an Indian actor who has appeared in Tamil language films. After making his film debut in the Tamil film Chennai Ungalai Anbudan Varaverkirathu (2015), he has been in films including Sindhubaadh (2019),  Parole (2022) and Udanpaal (2022).

Sindhubaadh
Sindhubaadh is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by S. U. Arun Kumar and produced by S. N. Rajarajan and Shan Sutharsan Vansan Movies and K Productions. The film stars Vijay Sethupathi and Anjali in the lead roles, while Linga, Vivek Prasanna and Surya Vijay Sethupathi appear in supporting roles. The music was composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja, while the cinematography was handled by Vijay Kartik Kannan and editing by Ruben.
Paul Graham (programmer)
Paul Graham (/ɡræm/; born November 13, 1964) is an English-American computer scientist, writer, essayist, entrepreneur and investor. His work includes the programming language Arc, the startup Viaweb (later renamed Yahoo! Store), co-founding the startup accelerator and seed capital firm Y Combinator, a number of essays and books, and the media webpage Hacker News.

He is the author of the computer programming books On Lisp, ANSI Common Lisp, and Hackers & Painters. Technology journalist Steven Levy has described Graham as a "hacker philosopher".

Graham was born in England, where he and his family have maintained a permanent residence since 2016. He is also a citizen of the United States, where he attended all of his schooling and lived for 48 years prior to returning to England.

Hackers & Painters
Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age is a collection of essays from Paul Graham discussing hacking, programming languages, start-up companies, and many other technological issues.
"Hackers & Painters" is also the title of one of those essays. The image on its cover is 'The Tower of Babel' by Pieter Bruegel.
Bill Owen (actor)
William John Owen Rowbotham (14 March 1914 – 12 July 1999) was an English actor and songwriter. He is best known for portraying Compo Simmonite in the Yorkshire-based BBC comedy series Last of the Summer Wine for over a quarter of a century. He died on 12 July 1999, his last appearance on-screen being shown in April 2000.

Peter Sallis
Peter John Sallis (1 February 1921 – 2 June 2017) was an English actor. He was the original voice of Wallace in the Academy Award-winning Wallace & Gromit films and played Norman "Cleggy" Clegg in Last of the Summer Wine from its 1973 inception until the final episode in 2010, making him the only actor to appear in all 295 episodes. Additionally, he portrayed Norman Clegg's father in the prequel series First of the Summer Wine.

Among his television credits, Peter Sallis appeared in Danger Man, The Avengers, Doctor Who (The Ice Warriors), The Persuaders! and The Ghosts of Motley Hall. Peter Sallis' film appearances included the Hammer horror films The Curse of the Werewolf (1961) and Taste the Blood of Dracula (1970).
Zernez
Zernez is a village and a municipality in the Engiadina Bassa/Val Müstair Region in the Swiss canton of the Grisons. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Lavin and Susch merged into the municipality of Zernez.

Zernez is a major node in the regional road network, with roads leading into the Upper Engadine and towards Italy, the Lower Engadine and towards Austria, over the Fuorn Pass into the Val Mustair and over the Flüela Pass. Zernez is the center for visitors of the Swiss National Park (Romansh: Parc Naziunal).

Susch
Susch (formally Süs) is a village and former municipality in the district of Inn in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Lavin and Susch merged into the municipality of Zernez.

The Flüela Pass connects Susch with Davos.
Alnwick Castle
Alnwick Castle (/ˈænɪk/ ⓘ) is a castle and country house in Alnwick in the English county of Northumberland. It is the seat of the 12th Duke of Northumberland, built following the Norman Conquest and renovated and remodelled several times. It is a Grade I listed building now the home of Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland and his family. In 2016, the castle received over 600,000 visitors per year when combined with adjacent attraction the Alnwick Garden.

Alnwick Garden
The Alnwick Garden is a complex of formal gardens adjacent to Alnwick Castle in the town of Alnwick, Northumberland, England. The gardens have a long history under the dukes of Northumberland, but fell into disrepair until revived at the turn of the 21st century. The garden now features various themed plantings designed around a central water cascade. The revival of the gardens led to several public disputes between the Duchess of Northumberland and various garden experts concerning preservation and the use of public funds.  The garden now belongs to a charitable trust, which is separate from Northumberland Estates, although the 12th Duke of Northumberland donated the 42-acre (17 ha) site and contributed £9 million towards redevelopment costs.
Semta (Africa)
Semta was a Roman era Municipium also known as Augustum Semta in Africa Proconsularis that is tentatively identified with ruins at Henchir Zemba (Dzemda)  Carthage, Tunisia near  the Oued el Kebir 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Zaghouan at 36.269282, 9.887345.

Dzemda
Dzemda is a locality in Tunisia.

The site is located near Jougan, Tunisia 20 kilometers south west  of Zaghouan. The site is notable for ruins from the Roman era. The ruins are considered to be two separate Roman settlements, situated on opposites sides of a wadi:

Henchir Ksour Dzemda, a vicus and possible imperial estate

Sempta (Africa), a Municipum (city).
Gillian McConway
Gillian Elizabeth McConway (born 8 May 1950) is a former cricketer who played as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler. Born in New Zealand but settled in England, she appeared in 14 Test matches and 11 One Day Internationals for England between 1984 and 1987. She also played 12 matches for International XI at the 1982 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for Wellington and Otago in New Zealand, and for Surrey and East Anglia in England.

Otago Sparks
The Otago Sparks is the women's cricket representative team for the New Zealand region of Otago and the surrounding area. They play their home games at University Oval, Dunedin. They compete in the Hallyburton Johnstone Shield one-day competition and the Women's Super Smash Twenty20 competition.
Kisses Sweeter than Wine
"Kisses Sweeter Than Wine" is a popular song, with lyrics written and music adapted in 1950 by Pete Seeger and Lee Hays of the Weavers.  It became a US hit in a version recorded by the Weavers in 1951, and an even bigger hit in 1957 when recorded by Jimmie Rodgers.  Frankie Vaughan also had a top ten hit with the song in the UK in 1958.

The tune was adapted from Lead Belly's "If It Wasn't for Dicky" (1937), which in turn was adapted from the traditional Irish folk tune "Drimindown / Drumion Dubh". The Weavers first released the song in 1951 as a Decca single, which reached number 19 on the Billboard chart and number 20 on the Cashbox chart in 1951.  Rodgers hit number 7 on the Billboard charts with the song in 1957, and Frankie Vaughan hit number 8 in the UK with it the following year.

Lee Hays
Lee Elhardt Hays (March 14, 1914 – August 26, 1981) was an American folk singer and songwriter, best known for singing bass with the Weavers.  Throughout his life, he was concerned with overcoming racism, inequality, and violence in society. He wrote or cowrote "Lonesome Traveller", "Wasn't That a Time?", "If I Had a Hammer", and "Kisses Sweeter than Wine", which became hits and Weavers' staples. He also familiarized audiences with songs of the 1930s labor movement, such as "We Shall Not Be Moved".
Lines of Torres Vedras
The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts and other military defences built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Colonel Richard Fletcher and his Portuguese workers between November 1809 and September 1810, and used to stop Marshal Masséna's 1810 offensive. The Lines were declared a National Heritage by the Portuguese Government in March 2019.

Sobral de Monte Agraço
Sobral de Monte Agraço (European Portuguese pronunciation: [suˈβɾal dɨ ˈmõt(ɨ) ɐˈɣɾasu] ⓘ) is a municipality in the District of Lisbon in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 10,156, in an area of 52.10 km2.

The present Mayor is José Alberto Quintino, elected by the Unitary Democratic Coalition.
Heinrich Bolten-Baeckers
Heinrich Bolten-Baeckers (1871–1938) was a German playwright, screenwriter, film director and producer. He worked on a number of films during the silent era. Towards the end of his film career he directed comedies for UFA such as The Gentleman Without a Residence and The Second Mother.

The Second Mother (1925 film)
The Second Mother (German: Die zweite Mutter) is a 1925 German silent comedy film directed by Heinrich Bolten-Baeckers and starring Margarete Lanner, Hans Mierendorff and Maria Melchoir. It was one of a number of popular comedies released by UFA alongside its more prestigious art films.
Waco (miniseries)
Waco is an American television miniseries, developed by John Erick Dowdle and Drew Dowdle, that premiered on January 24, 2018, on Paramount Network. The six-episode series dramatizes the 1993 standoff between the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas and stars Michael Shannon, Taylor Kitsch, Andrea Riseborough, Paul Sparks, Rory Culkin, Shea Whigham, Melissa Benoist, John Leguizamo, Julia Garner, and Glenn Fleshler. The miniseries received a mixed response from critics who praised the performances and tension, but criticized the show's sympathetic approach to Branch Davidian leader David Koresh. A sequel titled Waco: The Aftermath premiered on April 16, 2023, on Showtime.

Waco: The Aftermath
Waco: The Aftermath is an American television miniseries developed by John Erick Dowdle and Drew Dowdle that premiered on April 16, 2023, on Showtime. The five-episode series is a sequel to the 2018 miniseries Waco, which dramatizes the 1993 standoff between the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas. The sequel series portrays the aftermath of the siege and the trials of the surviving members of the Branch Davidians. The cast includes Michael Shannon, Shea Whigham, John Leguizamo, and Annika Marks, who reprise their roles from the Waco miniseries.
Emin Alper
Emin Alper (born 13 August 1974, Karaman) is a Turkish filmmaker and historian. Most know for Beyond the Hill (2012), Frenzy (2015) and Burning Days (2022). For Salvation (2026),he won the Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize.

Burning Days
Burning Days (Turkish: Kurak Günler) is a Turkish-French drama and mystery thriller film, directed by Emin Alper and released in 2022. A young prosecutor Emre is transferred to a small town in Anatolia Province and encounters an environmental and corruption scandal around the control of water. The film premiered in the Un Certain Regard program at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival, where it was a nominee for the Queer Palm, before premiering in Turkey at the Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival in October 2022.
Jacques Tits
Jacques Tits (French: [ʒak tits]) (12 August 1930 – 5 December 2021) was a Belgian-born French mathematician who worked on group theory and incidence geometry. He introduced Tits buildings, the Tits alternative, the Tits group, and the Tits metric.

Building (mathematics)
In mathematics, a building (also Tits building, named after Jacques Tits) is a combinatorial and geometric structure which simultaneously  generalizes certain aspects of flag manifolds, finite projective planes, and Riemannian symmetric spaces. Buildings were initially introduced by Jacques Tits as a means to understand the structure of isotropic reductive linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields. The more specialized theory of Bruhat–Tits buildings (named also after François Bruhat) plays a role in the study of p-adic Lie groups analogous to that of the theory of symmetric spaces in the theory of Lie groups.
Ivan Sutherland
Ivan Edward Sutherland (born May 16, 1938) is an American computer scientist and Internet pioneer, widely regarded as a pioneer of computer graphics. His early work in computer graphics as well as his teaching with David C. Evans in that subject at the University of Utah in the 1970s was pioneering in the field. Sutherland, Evans, and their students from that era developed several foundations of modern computer graphics. He received the 1988 ACM Turing Award for the invention of the Sketchpad, an early predecessor to the sort of graphical user interface that has become ubiquitous in personal computers, and his contributions to computer graphics. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, as well as the National Academy of Sciences among many other major awards. In 2012, he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology for "pioneering achievements in the development of computer graphics and interactive interfaces".

Bob Sproull
Robert Fletcher "Bob" Sproull (born c. 1945) is an American computer scientist, who worked for Oracle Corporation where he was  director of Oracle Labs in Burlington, Massachusetts. He is currently an adjunct professor at the College of Information and Computer Sciences, at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Byblos bronze spatulas
The Byblos bronze spatulas are a number bronze spatulas found in Byblos, two of which were inscribed. One contains a Phoenician inscription (known as the Azarba'al Spatula, KAI 3 or TSSI III 1) and one contains an inscription in the Byblos syllabary.

They were published in Maurice Dunand's Fouilles de Byblos (volume I, 1926–1932, numbers 1125 and 2334, plate XXXII).

Byblos syllabary
The Byblos script, also known as the Byblos syllabary, Pseudo-hieroglyphic script, Proto-Byblian, Proto-Byblic, or Byblic, is an undeciphered writing system, known from fourteen inscriptions found in Byblos, a coastal city in Lebanon. The inscriptions are engraved on bronze plates and spatulas, and carved in stone. They were excavated by Maurice Dunand, from 1928 to 1932, and published in 1945 in his monograph Byblia Grammata. The inscriptions are conventionally dated to the second millennium BC, probably between the 18th and 15th centuries BC.

Examples of the script have also been discovered in Egypt, Italy, and Megiddo (Garbini, Colless).
Ingrid Goes West
Ingrid Goes West is a 2017 American black comedy drama film directed by Matt Spicer and written by Spicer and David Branson Smith. The film stars Aubrey Plaza, Elizabeth Olsen, Billy Magnussen, Wyatt Russell, Pom Klementieff, and O'Shea Jackson Jr., and follows a young woman who moves to Los Angeles in an effort to befriend her Instagram idol.

Spicer and Smith developed the idea for the screenplay based on their experiences with the social media platform Instagram, particularly the role of influencers and how social media can breed feelings of social comparison and loneliness. Filming took place in the Los Angeles area from July to August 2016. The film premiered in competition at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Waldo Salt Screenwriting Award. It had a limited release in the United States on August 11, 2017, by Neon, grossing $3 million. The film received positive reviews, with many praising the script, dark themes, humor, and performances.

Pom Klementieff
Pom Alexandra Klementieff (French: [pɔm klemɑ̃tjɛf]; born 3 May 1986) is a French actress. She is best known for playing Mantis in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (2017–2023), and Paris in the final two films of the Mission: Impossible series (2023–2025).
White-tailed deer
The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), also known commonly as the whitetail and the Virginia deer, is a medium-sized species of deer native to North and South America. It is the most widely distributed mainland ungulate herbivore in the Americas; coupled with its natural predator, the mountain lion (Puma concolor), it is one of the most widely distributed terrestrial mammal species in the Americas and the world. Highly adaptable, the various subspecies of white-tailed deer inhabit many different ecosystems, from arid grasslands to the Amazon and Orinoco basins; from the Llanos to the high-elevation terrain of the Andes.

Columbian white-tailed deer
The Columbian white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) is one of the several subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America. It is a member of the Cervidae (deer) family, which includes mule deer, elk, moose, caribou, and the black-tailed deer that live nearby.
Sydney Rosenfeld
Sydney Rosenfeld (1855–1931) was an American playwright who wrote numerous plays, and adapted many foreign plays.  Close to fifty of his creations played on Broadway.

Some of his better known plays (though none achieved long-lasting popularity) included A House of Cards, The King's Carnival, The Lady, or the Tiger?, The Vanderbilt Cup, The Aero Club, The Senator, Mlle. Mischief, The Mocking Bird, A Man of Ideas, The 20th Century Girl, Jumping Jupiter, and The Optimist.

The Lady, or the Tiger?
"The Lady, or the Tiger?" is a much-anthologized short story written by Frank R. Stockton for publication in the November issue of The Century Magazine in 1882. "The Lady, or the Tiger?" has entered the English language as an allegorical expression, a shorthand indication or signifier, for a problem that is unsolvable.