hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Consumption tax
A consumption tax is a tax levied on consumption spending on goods and services. The tax base of such a tax is the money spent on consumption. Consumption taxes are usually indirect, such as a sales tax or a value-added tax. However, a consumption tax can also be structured as a form of direct, personal taxation, which is known as an expenditure tax.

Sales tax
A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer at the point of purchase.

When a tax on goods or services is paid to a governing body directly by a consumer, it is usually called a use tax. Often laws provide for the exemption of certain goods or services from sales and use tax, such as food, education, and medicines. A value-added tax (VAT) collected on goods and services is related to a sales tax. See Comparison with sales tax for key differences.
Kollo Department
Kollo  is a department of the Tillabéri Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Kollo, and includes the towns of  N'Dounga, Fakara, Hamdallaye, Karma, Kirtachi, Kouré, Lamordé, Liboré, and Namaro. As of 2012, the department had a total population of 465,399 people.

Kollo, Niger
Kollo is a large town and urban commune in southwestern Niger, where NGOs work, as well as, missionaries and Peace Corps volunteers. It lies in the Kollo Department of the Tillabéri Region. As of 2012, it had a population of 32,829.
Shin Ye-eun
Shin Ye-eun (Korean: 신예은; born January 18, 1998) is a South Korean actress and model. She gained popularity for her role in the web series A-Teen (2018) and its sequel A-Teen 2 (2019), as her portrayal of Do Hana earned her the sobriquet "Nation's First Love". Shin received international recognition after starring in the Disney+ original Revenge of Others (2022), the Netflix hit series The Glory (2022–2023), and Jeongnyeon: The Star Is Born (2024).

A-Teen
A-Teen (Korean: 에이틴; RR: Eitin) is a South Korean streaming television series. A production of Naver subsidiary PlayList Global, the first season aired on Naver TV Cast from 1 July to 16 September 2018, every Wednesday and Sunday at 19:00 (KST). It is the sequel to the web drama Seventeen. Unlike the prequel, this drama deals with the stories of high school students turning 18. Venue sponsorship is the same as Seventeen. A second season premiered on April 25, 2019.
Ecuadorian mantled howler
The Ecuadorian mantled howler (Alouatta palliata aequatorialis) is a subspecies of the mantled howler, A. palliata.  It ranges from Panama (or possibly the eastern tip of Costa Rica) through Colombia and Ecuador into northern Peru.  The range limits between the Ecuadorian mantled howler and the golden-mantled howler are not entirely clear.  The Ecuadorian mantled howler replaces the Golden-mantled howler in either extreme eastern Costa Rica or western Panama. The Ecuadorian mantled howler differs from the golden-mantled howler primarily by being paler, with a more yellowish mantle.

male

troop

adult with infant

juvenile

juvenile female with botfly parasite

Golden-mantled howler
The golden-mantled howler (Alouatta palliata palliata) is a subspecies of the mantled howler, A. palliata. It ranges throughout much of Central America, in Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and possibly Panama. The range limits between the golden-mantled howler and the Ecuadorian mantled howler are not entirely clear. The Ecuadorian mantled howler replaces the golden-mantled howler in either extreme eastern Costa Rica or western Panama.

The golden-mantled howler differs from the Ecuadorian mantled howler primarily by being darker, with a mantle that is more rufous than yellowish. The golden-mantled howler differs from the Mexican howler monkey primarily in aspects of skull morphology.
Bismoclite
Bismoclite is a bismuth oxohalide mineral with formula BiOCl. It is the naturally occurring form of bismuth oxychloride. The name was derived from its chemical constituents. It is a secondary bismuth mineral first thought to be composed of bismuthyl ions (BiO+) and chloride anions, however, the existence of the diatomic bismuthyl ion is doubtful.

It is a member of the matlockite group.

It was first described in 1935 from alluvium near bismuth-bearing pegmatites in South Africa.  It has been found in association with granite pegmatite and in greisen. Associated minerals include bismutite, mica, jarosite, alunite, cerussite, atacamite, connellite. Occurrences include the type locality at Jackals Water, SW of Prieska, South Africa; Bygoo, Australia; the Tintic district in the East Tintic Mountains of Utah; and from Dalbeattie, Scotland.

Matlockite
Matlockite is a rare lead halide mineral, named after the town of Matlock in Derbyshire, England, where it was first discovered in a nearby mine. Matlockite (chemical formula: PbFCl) gives its name to the matlockite group which consists of rare minerals of a similar structure.
Chris Smith (filmmaker)
Chris Smith (born 1970) is an American filmmaker. He directed American Movie, which was awarded the Grand Jury Prize for Documentary at the 1999 Sundance Film Festival.

Smith has since directed several high-profile documentary projects for Netflix including the films, Jim & Andy: The Great Beyond (2017), Fyre (2019), "Sr." (2022), and Wham! (2023); alongside the mini-series, The Disappearance of Madeleine McCann (2019), Bad Vegan: Fame. Fraud. Fugitives. (2022), Biggest Heist Ever (2024) and Mr. McMahon (2024). Smith was an executive producer on Tiger King which was nominated for Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series in 2020.

Smith's HBO documentary television series, 100 Foot Wave (2021–present), has been nominated for several awards, and won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Nonfiction Program in 2023.

Mr. McMahon (miniseries)
Mr. McMahon is a documentary television miniseries that explores the influential yet controversial career of the professional wrestling promoter Vince McMahon. It is directed by Chris Smith, who worked on Tiger King, with executive producer Bill Simmons and Zara Duffy, recognized for her contributions to Mission Blue. The documentary series featured numerous prominent figures from the world of professional wrestling, including Hulk Hogan, The Undertaker, Bruce Prichard, Shawn Michaels, Bret Hart, Stone Cold Steve Austin, Paul Heyman, Eric Bischoff, Shane McMahon, Stephanie McMahon, and Triple H. It also included media personalities such as businesswoman Kay Koplovitz, professional wrestling journalist Dave Meltzer and other key individuals, providing a wide range of perspectives on McMahon's career and legacy. Netflix released all six episodes of the series on September 25, 2024.
Taking Lives (film)
Taking Lives is a 2004 American psychological thriller film directed by D. J. Caruso and starring Angelina Jolie and Ethan Hawke, with supporting roles by Kiefer Sutherland, Olivier Martinez, Tchéky Karyo, Jean-Hugues Anglade, and Gena Rowlands. Written by Jon Bokenkamp and loosely adapted from the 1999 novel by Michael Pye, the film centers on an enigmatic serial killer who takes on the identities of his victims.

The film was released in the United States on March 19, 2004, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received generally negative reviews from critics, but was a moderate commercial success.

D. J. Caruso
Daniel John Caruso Jr. (/kəˈruːsoʊ/; born January 17, 1965) is an American film and television director, screenwriter, and producer. His work encompasses a variety of genres, including thriller (Disturbia, Taking Lives), drama (Standing Up), horror (The Disappointments Room), and action (I Am Number Four, XXX: Return of Xander Cage). He has also directed episodes of television series such as The Shield, Over There, Smallville, and Dark Angel.
Pablo Ozuna
Pablo José Ozuna (born August 25, 1974) is a Dominican former professional baseball utility player. During his major league career, he played for the Florida Marlins (2000, 2002), the Colorado Rockies (2003), the Chicago White Sox (2005–2008), and the Los Angeles Dodgers (2008). He is the cousin of current Atlanta Braves outfielder Marcell Ozuna.

Marcell Ozuna
Marcell Ozuna Idelfonso (born November 12, 1990), nicknamed "the Big Bear", is a Dominican professional baseball designated hitter and outfielder for the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Miami Marlins, St. Louis Cardinals and Atlanta Braves. He made his MLB debut in 2013 with the Marlins.

Ozuna was signed by the Marlins as an amateur free agent in 2008. He is a three-time MLB All-Star (2016, 2017, 2024), a two-time Silver Slugger (2017, 2020) and Gold Glove winner in 2017, his breakout season. That year, he finished fourth in the National League (NL) in batting average (.312), and third in home runs (37) and runs batted in (124). Following the 2017 season, the Marlins traded Ozuna to the St. Louis Cardinals. In 2020 he led the NL in both home runs and RBIs.
Bambam language
Bambam (Bambang) is an Austronesian language of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is spoken in the Mambi, Mehalaan, East Rantebulahan, and Bambang districts of Mamasa Regency, and in the Matangnga district of Polewali Mandar Regency. Together with Aralle-Tabulahan, Ulumanda', Pannei and Dakka, Bambam belongs to the Pitu Ulunna Salu languages, which form a subbranch within the Northern branch of the South Sulawesi subgroup.

South Sulawesi languages
The South Sulawesi languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian language family. They are primarily spoken in the Indonesian provinces of South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi, with a small outlying pocket in West Kalimantan (Tamanic).
Winona State Warriors
The Winona State Warriors are the athletic teams of Winona State University, located in Winona, Minnesota.  They compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association, Division II for all sports except for women's gymnastics, which competes in the National Collegiate Gymnastics Association.

There are 14 teams (9 women's, 5 men's) representing Winona State University on the varsity level.  All varsity sports compete in the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference, with the exception of the women's gymnastics team which competes in the Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference.

Winona State University
Winona State University is a public university in Winona, Minnesota, United States. It was founded as First State Normal School of Minnesota in 1858 and is the oldest member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System. It was the first normal school west of the Mississippi River.

The university offers more than 80 programs on its main campus as well as collegiate programs on satellite campuses at Winona State University-Rochester. Its average annual enrollment is approximately 6,000 undergraduate and graduate students. Its sports teams compete as the Winona State Warriors in the NCAA Division II athletics in 14 sports, primarily in the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference.
Dingle, Iloilo
Dingle (IPA: [ˈdiŋlɛʔ], locally /ˈdiŋliʔ/), officially the Municipality of Dingle (Kinaray-a: Banwa ka Dingle, Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Dingle, Tagalog: Bayan ng Dingle), is a 1st municipal income class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 46,032 people.

The town is known for its baroque-architecture church and its archaeological cave sites, such as the Lapuz Lapuz Cave, famous for revealing the hunter-gatherer lives of the ancient people of Panay.

Dueñas, Iloilo
Dueñas, officially the Municipality of Dueñas (Kinaray-a: Banwa ka Dueñas; Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Dueñas, Tagalog: Bayan ng Dueñas), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 34,941 people.
Soundhunters
Soundhunters is a transmedia musical project created by Nicolas Blies and Stéphane Hueber-Blies (also known as the Blies brothers), Marion Guth, and François Le Gall. It was broadcast on the Franco-German channel Arte in 2015 and deployed internationally via Native Instruments and the music streaming platform SoundCloud.

The project offers the audience the opportunity to remix the world around them through a creative, collaborative process. Soundhunters is composed of a feature-length documentary broadcast on Arte on 19 September 2015 (directed by Beryl Koltz), a web documentary featuring international artists (Daedelus, Luke Vibert, Mikael Seifu, Simonne Jones), a participatory mobile application, and a music album sponsored by Jean Michel Jarre, entitled Zoolook Revisited.

Daedelus (musician)
Alfred Darlington (born Alfred Weisberg-Roberts; October 31, 1977), better known by their stage name Daedelus, is an American record producer based in Los Angeles, California. They are a member of the groups The Long Lost and Adventure Time. Daedelus is also affiliated with the internet radio station Dublab.
Mackenzie Glacier
Mackenzie Glacier (64°17′S 62°16′W﻿ / ﻿64.283°S 62.267°W﻿ / -64.283; -62.267) is a glacier 4 nautical miles (7 km) long flowing eastward from Mount Parry to join Malpighi Glacier at the east coast of Brabant Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was first roughly charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and was mapped from these photos in 1959. The glacier was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Scottish physician Sir James Mackenzie, a pioneer of studies of heart disease.

Malpighi Glacier
Malpighi Glacier (64°16′S 62°15′W﻿ / ﻿64.267°S 62.250°W﻿ / -64.267; -62.250) is a glacier 5 nautical miles (9 km) long and 1 nautical mile (2 km) wide, draining southeast from the Harvey Heights in Stribog Mountains along Basarbovo Ridge to join Mackenzie Glacier and flow into Kayak Bay at the east coast of Brabant Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was first roughly charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache. The glacier was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and mapped from these photos in 1959. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Marcello Malpighi, an Italian physiologist and pioneer histologist who first demonstrated the existence of the blood capillaries.
Ashley Spillers
Ashley Rae Spillers is an American actress and comedian. She is best known for her film roles as Elizabeth in the 2013 comedy film Last Vegas (2013), Amy in the 2014 neo-noir thriller film Two Step (2014) and Olivia in the Netflix comedy film Father of the Year (2018).

Her television roles include Janice Swift in the HBO television series Vice Principals (2016–2017), Sydney Jones in the drama television series NCIS: Los Angeles (2017–2019), Emily in the television series Distance (2018), and Huggins in the comic science fiction web series Red vs. Blue (2018–2019).

Her voice roles include Didi Pickles in the 2021 revival animated series Rugrats and Jill in Muppet Babies.

Last Vegas
Last Vegas is a 2013 American comedy film directed by Jon Turteltaub, written by Dan Fogelman and starring Michael Douglas, Robert De Niro, Morgan Freeman, Kevin Kline and Mary Steenburgen. Three retirees travel to Las Vegas to have a bachelor party for their last remaining single friend. The film was released to theaters on November 1, 2013, by CBS Films.
Polish occupation zone in Germany
The Polish occupation zone in Germany was a military occupation area, under the administration of the Polish government-in-exile, located within the British Occupation Zone of the Allied-occupied Germany, that existed from 19 May 1945 to 10 September 1948. It was established from the territory of the British-controlled occupied Nazi Germany, following its surrender ending the World War II, and existed until 10 September 1948, when the administration of the area was given back to the United Kingdom. The zone was created for the Polish displaced people, consisting of those freed from German labour camps and concentration camps, and prisoners of war. In 1945, it was inhabited by over 30,000 Polish civilians and around 18,000 soldiers, and had an area of 6,470 km2, being located within the area of modern districts of County of Bentheim, Cloppenburg, Emsland, and Osnabrück, within Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat was located in the town of Haren, then renamed to Maczków.

British occupation zone in Germany
The British occupation zone in Germany (German: Britische Besatzungszone) was one of the Allied-occupied areas in Germany after World War II. The United Kingdom – also representing the other Commonwealth countries – was one of the three major Allied powers that defeated Nazi Germany. By 1945, the Allies had divided the country into four occupation zones: British, Soviet, American and French lasting until 1949, whence the new country of West Germany was established. Out of all the four zones, the British had the largest population and contained within it the heavy industry region, the Ruhr, as well as the naval ports and Germany's coast lines.
Princess Adelaide of Schaumburg-Lippe
Princess Adelaide of Schaumburg-Lippe (German: Prinzessin Friederike Adelheid Marie Luise Hilda Eugenie zu Schaumburg-Lippe; 22 September 1875 – 27 January 1971) was the daughter of Prince William of Schaumburg-Lippe and consort of the last reigning Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Ernst II.

Prince William of Schaumburg-Lippe
Prince William of Schaumburg-Lippe (German: Prinz Wilhelm Karl August zu Schaumburg-Lippe; 12 December 1834 – 4 April 1906) was the son of George William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and member of the House of Lippe.
Harrington Junction
Harrington Junction was a railway junction in Harrington, Cumbria, England. It joined three branches to the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway's (CWJR) main line from Workington Central to Moor Row via Cleator Moor West. No station ever existed at the junction, High Harrington was the nearest, 48 chains (0.97 km) to the south.

Former employees described the junction as the CWJR's "nerve centre".

Workington Central railway station
Workington Central railway station was opened by the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (C&WJR) in 1879 to serve the town of Workington in Cumberland (now in Cumbria), England. It was situated almost half a mile nearer the town centre than its rival Workington station.
The Perfect Match (1988 film)
The Perfect Match is a 1988 film directed by a first-time director, Mark Deimel. It is a romantic comedy starring Marc McClure, Jennifer Edwards, Diane Stilwell, Rob Paulsen,  Karen Lorre, Jean Byron, Wayne Woodson and Kerry Sherman. The story was by Nick Duretta, David A. Burr and Mark Deimel.

Rob Paulsen
Robert Frederick Paulsen III (born March 11, 1956) is an American voice actor and voice director, known for his roles in numerous animated television series and films. He received a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program and three Annie Awards for his role as both Yakko and Pinky in the Animaniacs franchise. His other voice roles include: Hadji in The New Adventures of Jonny Quest (1986–1987) and The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest (1996–1997); Raphael in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987) (1987–1996); Donatello in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2012) (2012–2017); P.J. Pete in Goof Troop (1992), A Goofy Movie (1995), and An Extremely Goofy Movie (2000); Carl Wheezer in Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius (2001) and its TV series (2002-2006); Jaq in Cinderella II: Dreams Come True (2002) and Cinderella III: A Twist in Time (2007); and Mac in The Looney Tunes Show (2011–2013) and Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run (2015).
Ike Holter
Ike Holter (born 1985) is an American playwright. He won a Windham–Campbell Literature Prize for drama in 2017. Holter is a resident playwright at Victory Gardens Theater, and has been commissioned by The Kennedy Center, The Eugene O'Neill Theater Center, South Coast Repertory and The Playwrights' Center.

Victory Gardens Theater
Victory Gardens Theater is a theater company in Chicago, Illinois dedicated to the development and production of new plays and playwrights. The theater company was founded in 1974 when eight Chicago artists, Cecil O'Neal, Warren Casey, Stuart Gordon, Cordis Heard, Roberta Maguire, Mac McGuinnes, June Pyskaček, and David Rasche each fronted $1,000 to start a company outside the Chicago Loop and Gordon donated the light board of his Organic Theater Company. The theater's first production, The Velvet Rose, by Stacy Myatt, premiered on October 9, 1974.
Teimuraz Janashia
Teimuraz Janashia (Georgian: თეიმურაზ ჯანაშია; born June 20, 1969) is a Georgian security officer and politician, former head of the Special State Protection Service in 2010–2013 and a member of the Parliament of Georgia since 2020.

Special State Protection Service of Georgia
The Special State Protection Service of Georgia (SSPS; Georgian: საქართველოს სახელმწიფო დაცვის სპეციალური სამსახური [სდსს], sakartvelos sakhelmtsipo datsvis spetsialuri samsakhuri) is a militarized government agency of Georgia tasked with the protection of several, mandated by the relevant law, high-ranking state officials, as well as certain national properties, high-ranking foreign visitors and diplomatic offices. SSPS is fully subordinated to the Government, the head of the agency is appointed by and reports directly to the Prime Minister.
John Vinocur
John Eli Vinocur (June 17, 1940 – February 6, 2022) was an American journalist, editor, and columnist known for his coverage of international news. He was metro editor for The New York Times, after serving as the paper's bureau chief in France and Germany, before becoming the executive editor for the International Herald Tribune. Later in his career, he was a columnist for the Tribune and The Wall Street Journal.

International Herald Tribune
The International Herald Tribune (IHT) was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France, for international English-speaking readers. It published under the name International Herald Tribune starting in 1967, but its origins as an international newspaper trace back to 1887. Sold in over 160 countries, the International Herald Tribune produced a large amount of content until it became the second incarnation of The International New York Times in 2013, 10 years after The New York Times Company became its sole owner.
Crina Pintea
Crina Elena Pintea (née Ailincăi; born 3 April 1990) is a Romanian professional handballer who plays as a pivot for CSM București and the Romanian national team.

Considered to be one of the best pivots in the world, in 2019 she was named to the EHF Champions League All-Star Team. In 2018, she was named to the European Championship All-Star Team. Pintea is also regarded by many as one of the best defenders in the world. In recognition of her performances and achievements throughout the year, she was also voted the Romanian Handballer of the Year in 2019.

2018–19 Women's EHF Champions League
The 2018–19 Women's EHF Champions League was the 26th edition of the Women's EHF Champions League, the competition for top women's clubs of Europe, organized and supervised by the European Handball Federation.

Győri Audi ETO KC defended their title by defeating Rostov-Don 25–24 in the final, to win their fifth overall and third straight title.
Wegener (company)
Koninklijke Wegener NV was a Dutch newspaper publisher and the largest producer of daily regional newspapers, free local newspapers, and special interest magazines in the Netherlands. The company also offered internet and graphic products. The company ceased to exist after being acquired by the Belgian media company De Persgroep in 2015.

DPG Media
DPG Media Group is a Belgian media group. It is active in Belgium and the Netherlands. The exact ownership structure is not clear; it is believed that the group is mainly owned by the Belgian Van Thillo family. The company employs about 6,000 people.