hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victoria University of Wellington
The Victoria University of Wellington (Māori: Te Herenga Waka; also known by its shorter names "VUW" or "Vic") is a public research university in Wellington, New Zealand. It was established in 1897 by an act of the New Zealand Parliament, and was a constituent college of the University of New Zealand.

The university is well known for its programmes in law, the humanities, and some scientific disciplines, and offers a broad range of other courses. Entry to all courses at first year is open, and entry to second year in some programmes (e.g. law, criminology, creative writing, architecture, engineering) is restricted.

Victoria had the highest average research grade in the New Zealand Government's Performance Based Research Fund exercise in both 2012 and 2018, having been ranked 4th in 2006 and 3rd in 2003. Victoria has been ranked 240th in the World's Top 500 universities by the QS World University Rankings (2020).

University of New Zealand
The University of New Zealand was New Zealand's sole degree-granting university from 1874 to 1961. It was a collegiate university embracing several constituent institutions at various locations around New Zealand.

After the University of New Zealand was dissolved in 1961, its constituent colleges became four independent degree-granting universities and two associated agricultural colleges: the University of Otago (Dunedin), University of Canterbury (Christchurch), University of Auckland (Auckland), Victoria University of Wellington (Wellington), Canterbury Agricultural College (Lincoln) and Massey Agricultural College (Palmerston North).
2011 MLS SuperDraft
The 2011 MLS SuperDraft was the twelfth annual SuperDraft presented by Major League Soccer.  It was held on January 13, 2011 in Baltimore, Maryland, during the 2011 NSCAA Convention at the Baltimore Convention Center. The 2011 SuperDraft consisted of three rounds with eighteen selections each, for a total of 54 players selected during the draft. The draft preceded the 2011 MLS season.

2011 MLS supplemental draft
The 2011 MLS supplemental draft is a secondary draft that was held by Major League Soccer on January 18, 2011.  The draft consisted of three rounds with each of the 18 MLS clubs participating. The return of the Supplemental Draft after a two-year hiatus coincided with the return of the MLS Reserve Division in 2011.
Colițca
The Colițca is a right tributary of the river Crasna in Romania. It discharges into the Vârșolț Reservoir, which is drained by the Crasna. Its length is 11 km (6.8 mi) and its basin size is 43 km2 (17 sq mi).

Crasna (Tisza)
The Crasna (Romanian) or Kraszna (Hungarian) is the name of a river in northwestern Romania and northeastern Hungary. The Crasna is a left tributary of the Tisza. Its source is in Transylvania, Romania, near the village of Crasna. It flows through the Romanian counties Sălaj and Satu Mare and the Hungarian county Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg. It flows into the Tisza in Vásárosnamény. Cities along the Crasna are Șimleu Silvaniei in Romania, Nagyecsed and Mátészalka in Hungary.

Until the 1890s the Crasna discharged into the river Someș. Since then, the lower course of the Crasna has been regulated and it discharges into the Tisza 3.5 km downstream of the confluence of Tisza and Someș.: 20  Its basin size is 1,931 km2 (746 sq mi).: 22
Sally Dexter
Sally Julia Dexter is an English actress of stage and screen. She won the 1987 Olivier Award for Most Promising Newcomer for Dalliance. Her other West End stage credits include the musicals Oliver! (1994), Sister Act (2010) and Billy Elliot the Musical (2013). Her television credits include the ITV soap operas Night and Day (2001–2003) and Emmerdale (2017–2019, 2021–2022, 2025).

Oliver!
Oliver! is a stage musical, with book, music and lyrics by Lionel Bart. The musical is based upon the 1838 novel Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens.

It premiered at the Wimbledon Theatre, southwest London in 1960 before opening in the West End, where it enjoyed a record-breaking long run. Oliver! ran on Broadway, after being brought to the U.S. by producer David Merrick in 1963. Major London revivals played from 1977 to 1980, 1994 to 1998, 2008 to 2011 and on tour in the UK from 2011 to 2013. Additionally, its 1968 film adaptation, directed by Carol Reed, won six Academy Awards including Best Picture.

Oliver! received thousands of performances in British schools, becoming one of the most popular school musicals. In 1963 Lionel Bart received the Tony Award for Best Original Score. Many songs are well known to the public, such as "Food, Glorious Food", "Consider Yourself" and "I'd Do Anything".
Freak Nasty
Eric Henry Timmons, professionally known as Freak Nasty, is an American hip hop recording artist and record producer from New Orleans, Louisiana. He was raised in New Orleans. He is best known for his Top 40 single "Da' Dip" released in 1996 which was a sleeper hit, and ultimately went mainstream in the summer of 1997; it later peaked number 15 on the Hot 100. Later he released "Do What U Feel" from the album Which Way Is Up, but it failed to reach the success of the previous song, making it to No. 87 on the Hot R&B charts.

Da' Dip
"Da' Dip" is a song written and recorded by American hip hop artist Freak Nasty. It was released in 1996 as the lead single from his second album, Controversee...That's Life...And That's the Way It Is. To date, "Da' Dip" is Freak Nasty's only top forty hit.

Upon its initial release in mid-1996, "Da' Dip" failed to make an impact on the Billboard charts, charting low on both the R&B and rap charts. The song, however, managed to break through into the mainstream the following year, reaching number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100. "Da' Dip" was then certified gold by the RIAA on April 10, 1997 before reaching platinum certification on June 3 of that year for shipments exceeding one million copies; the single sold one million units in 1997 alone. In 2024, the song gained popularity on TikTok with users recreating the dance from its music video.
Jeff Garlett
Jeffrey Garlett (born 3 August 1989) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Melbourne Football Club and the Carlton Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He is of Indigenous descent.

Chris Yarran
Christopher Yarran (born 19 December 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Carlton Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was also listed with the Richmond Football Club but did not play a senior match.
Momence Township, Kankakee County, Illinois
Momence Township is one of seventeen townships in Kankakee County, Illinois, USA.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,586 and it contained 1,574 housing units. Momence Township is one of the original six townships of Kankakee County, Illinois; when first created the township encompassed land now in Sumner, Ganeer, and Pembroke Townships.  It was a township of Will County until Kankakee County was created.

Kankakee County, Illinois
Kankakee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 107,502. Its county seat is Kankakee. Kankakee County comprises the Kankakee, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Basis (linear algebra)
In mathematics, a set B of elements of  a vector space V is called a basis (pl.: bases) if every element of V can be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of B. The coefficients of this linear combination are referred to as components or coordinates of the vector with respect to B. The elements of a basis are called basis vectors.

Equivalently, a set B is a basis if its elements are linearly independent and every element of V is a linear combination of elements of B. In other words, a basis is a linearly independent spanning set.

A vector space can have several bases; however all the bases have the same number of elements, called the dimension of the vector space.

This article deals mainly with finite-dimensional vector spaces. However, many of the principles are also valid for infinite-dimensional vector spaces.

Basis vectors find applications in the study of crystal structures and frames of reference.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Siti Fadia Silva Ramadhanti
Siti Fadia Silva Ramadhanti (born 16 November 2000) is an Indonesian badminton player affiliated with the Djarum club. She won the gold medal in the mixed doubles at the 2017 Asian Junior Championships, and in the women's doubles at the 2021 SEA Games. She also won the silver medal in the 2023 World Championships with Apriyani Rahayu.

Jia Yifan
Jia Yifan (Chinese: 贾一凡; pinyin: Jiǎ Yīfán; Mandarin pronunciation: [tɕjà.í fǎn]; born 29 June 1997) is a Chinese badminton player and Olympic champion. With partner Chen Qingchen, Jia won silver in women's doubles at the 2020 Summer Olympics and gold in the same event at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Jia won four gold medals at the World Championships in 2017, 2021, 2022, and 2023. She also won two gold medals at the Asian Games in 2018 and 2022, as well as at the 2019 and 2022 Asian Championships. Jia was part of the Chinese winning team in the 2019, 2021, 2023, and 2025 Sudirman Cup, and also at the 2020 Uber Cup. She also won silver medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She reached a career-high ranking of world number 1 in the women's doubles with Chen Qingchen in November 2017.
Rita Rocks
Rita Rocks is a Lifetime original sitcom that ran from October 20, 2008 to December 7, 2009. It was the network's first original comedy in over a decade. The series debuted alongside re-runs of Reba as part of a new comedy hour for Tuesday nights, which later changed to Monday nights. The show stars Nicole Sullivan as Rita, Tisha Campbell-Martin, Richard Ruccolo, Raviv Ullman, and Kelly Gould.

On 11 January 2010, Lifetime cancelled the series after two seasons due to low ratings.

Raviv Ullman
Raviv Chanan "Ricky" Ullman (Hebrew: רביב חנן "ריקי" אולמן; born 24 January 1986) is an Israeli-American actor, director, and musician. He is best known for playing Phil Diffy, the main character in the Disney Channel series Phil of the Future.
Newsbeat
Newsbeat is the BBC's radio news programme broadcast on Radio 1, 1Xtra and Asian Network. Newsbeat is produced by BBC News but differs from the BBC's other news programmes in its remit to provide news tailored for young people.

The fifteen-minute Newsbeat programme is broadcast at 12:45 and 17:45 during the week on Radio 1, 1Xtra and Asian Network. Short bulletins are also heard throughout the day on three stations on the half-hour with extra bulletins broadcast at peak times.

BBC Radio 1Xtra
BBC Radio 1Xtra is a British digital radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It broadcasts Black music and urban genres, and is a sister station to Radio 1. Launching at 18:00 on 16 August 2002, it had been code named "Network X" during the consultation period. At the time, the station was listed as "1 Xtra BBC" on many electronic programming guides.  The station broadcasts mostly from the 8th floor of Broadcasting House, shared with Radio 1, Radio 2 and 6 Music.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 786,000 with a listening share of 0.3% as of March 2024.
Cordrazine (band)
Cordrazine are an Australian rock band formed in 1996 in Melbourne. They released a top ten album on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Albums Chart, From Here to Wherever in April 1998. The album was nominated for Breakthrough Artist - Album at the ARIA Music Awards of 1998; however they disbanded in 1998. They reformed in 2009.

1998 ARIA Music Awards
The 12th Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) was held on 20 October 1998 at the Capitol Theatre in Sydney. Presenters, including Democrats deputy leader Natasha Stott Despoja and former prime minister Gough Whitlam, distributed 29 awards with the big winner Natalie Imbruglia receiving six trophies.

In addition to previous categories, a new category Best Rock Album, was presented to the Superjesus for Sumo. An Outstanding Achievement Award was presented to Savage Garden for "world sales of 8 million and counting." The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: the Angels and the Masters Apprentices.
Dangerous Medicine
Dangerous Medicine is a 1938 British crime film directed by Arthur B. Woods and starring Elizabeth Allan and Cyril Ritchard. It was written by Paul England and Paul Gangelin. It is considered to be a lost film.

Cyril Ritchard
Cyril Joseph Trimnell-Ritchard  (1 December 1898 – 18 December 1977), known professionally as Cyril Ritchard, was an Australian stage, screen and television actor, and director. He is best remembered today for his performance as Captain Hook in the Mary Martin musical production of Peter Pan. In 1945, he played Gabriele Eisenstein in Gay Rosalinda at the Palace theatre in London, a version of Strauss's Die Fledermaus by Erich Wolfgang Korngold in which he appeared with Peter Graves. The show was conducted by Richard Tauber and ran for almost a year.
Lori Olson-Johns
Lori Olson (born on November 24, 1976), better known as Lori Olson-Johns is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta. From 2014–2018, she played third for Val Sweeting and with Sweeting, finished runner-up at the 2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts and won two grand slam events (the 2016 and 2017 Tour Challenge).

2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts was held from February 14 to 22 at Mosaic Place in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. The winners represented Canada at the 2015 World Women's Curling Championship held from March 14 to 22 at the Tsukisamu Gymnasium in Sapporo, Japan.
Quickoffice
Quickoffice, Inc. is a discontinued freeware proprietary productivity suite for mobile devices which allows viewing, creating and editing documents, presentations and spreadsheets. It consists of Quickword (a word processor), Quicksheet (a spreadsheet), QuickPoint (a presentation program) and QuickPDF (a PDF viewer). The programs are compatible with Microsoft Office file formats, but not the OpenDocument file format.

Quickoffice was commonly used on smartphones and tablets. It was the main office editing suite on Symbian OS where it first appeared in 2005 and last updated in 2011, and came pre-loaded on all devices. It was released for Android in 2010. There was a project to port Quickoffice to Chromebooks in February 2013, and the port released as a Chrome extension named "Office Editing for Docs, Sheets, and Slides."

Google Sheets
Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. Google Sheets is available as a web application, as mobile apps for Android and iOS, and as a desktop application on ChromeOS. The service is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats.

Like other Google Docs Editors, Sheets allows users to create and edit files online while collaborating with other users in real time. Edits are tracked through revision history, which records which user made each change. Active collaborators are indicated with editor-specific colors and cursors, and a permissions system controls what different users can do. Updates have introduced features that use machine learning, including "Explore", which answers natural language questions about data in a spreadsheet. Sheets is one of the Google Workspace services provided by Google alongside Google Docs, Google Slides, Google Drawings, Google Forms, Google Sites and Google Keep.
Matt Kinch
Matt Kinch (born February 17, 1980) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman playing in Germany for the EV Ravensburg of the 2nd Bundesliga.  He played major junior in the Western Hockey League (WHL) before also playing pro in the American Hockey League (AHL), ECHL, Austrian Hockey League, Swiss Nationalliga A and Deutsche Eishockey Liga.

Paul Postma
Paul Edward Postma (born February 22, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently a free agent. He last played for Düsseldorfer EG of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He was drafted 205th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft by the Atlanta Thrashers. During his major junior career with the Swift Current Broncos and Calgary Hitmen of the Western Hockey League (WHL), Postma won the WHL Plus-Minus Award and was a WHL East First Team All-Star in 2009.
Donald Alexander Macdonald
Donald Alexander Macdonald PC (February 17, 1817 – June 10, 1896) was a Canadian politician.

Born in 1817 in St. Raphael's, Upper Canada, Donald Alexander Macdonald studied at St Raphael's College under the first Catholic Bishop of Ontario, Alexander Macdonell. He became a railway contractor and was elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1857 to 1867. He was the Liberal Member of Parliament for Glengarry in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1875, and served as Postmaster General of Canada. In 1875 Macdonald was appointed the fourth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario and held that post until 1880. He died in Montreal in 1896.

Macdonald served as a Major in the 4th Battalion, Glengarry Militia, succeeding his brother John as Commanding Officer in 1852.

He was the brother of John Sandfield Macdonald, the first Premier of Ontario, and Alexander Francis Macdonald, the MP for Cornwall from 1874 to 1878.

Alexander Francis Macdonald
Alexander Francis Macdonald (1818 – April 12, 1913) was a politician and railway contractor.

The son of Alexander Macdonald, he was educated in Cornwall and at St Raphael's College. He settled in Cornwall. Macdonald was president of the Canada Cotton Company. After being elected in the 1874 election on January 22, he was unseated by petition on September 7, 1874, and re-elected on October 20 the same year. Macdonald did not run in the 1878 election. His brothers, John Sandfield Macdonald and Donald Alexander Macdonald, were also Members of Parliament.

Macdonald never married. He died in Cornwall at the age of 95.
Alexander Dennis Enviro400 City
The Alexander Dennis Enviro400 City is a low-floor double-decker bus produced by the British bus manufacturer Alexander Dennis since 2015, as an alternative to the standard Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC bodywork. The Enviro400 City is produced at Alexander Dennis' Falkirk and Scarborough factories in the United Kingdom. It is available as a complete integral diesel or hybrid bus, as well as the Enviro400EV complete integral battery electric bus or Scania N280UD compressed natural gas-powered chassis.

Alexander Dennis Enviro400EV
The Alexander Dennis Enviro400EV is a battery electric double-decker bus produced by the British bus manufacturer Alexander Dennis. The Enviro400EV is available both as a complete integral battery electric bus and as a battery electric bus body as well the integral Enviro400FCEV fuel cell bus. The first generation Enviro400EV, a variant of the Alexander Dennis Enviro400 City body was built in partnership with Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer BYD Auto on the BYD K series chassis between 2018 and 2024.
Bruce Lake
Bruce Lake (born 9 June 1948) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon and Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Lake, who came from Metung, made his league debut in the fifth round of the 1968 VFL season. Four rounds later he would be joined in the side by his younger brother Eddie.

Although primarily a forward, Lake was also used as a ruckman and was Essendon's 19th man in the 1968 VFL Grand Final.

He switched to Footscray in 1971 but played just two games and finished the season at Waverley in the Victorian Football Association.

Eddie Lake (footballer)
Keith Edward Lake (25 June 1951 – 23 February 2020) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Lake's brother, Bruce, also played VFL football for Essendon and Footscray. Lake spent six seasons with Essendon where he was in and out of the senior team. During that time, he won a reserves premiership in 1968, was named the club's most courageous player in 1970 and was awarded the reserves best and fairest in 1972. After leaving the Bombers, Lake played with Coburg in the Victorian Football Association (VFA), winning a premiership with them in his first year. He later moved to Queensland and played for Coorparoo and Southport, as well as representing Queensland.
Once a Hero (novel)
Once a Hero is a science fiction novel by Elizabeth Moon. It is the first of the three books of the Esmay Suiza trilogy in Moon's fictional Familias Regnant universe, following the three of the Heris Serrano trilogy.

The Serrano Legacy
The Serrano Legacy, also known as Familias Regnant, is a series of military science fiction / space opera books by Elizabeth Moon. The series includes seven books total (a trilogy and two spin-off duologies), published from 1993 to 2000, and portrays a society in the distant future where the Familias Regnant serves as the governing body for an area of the galaxy. The books feature female lead protagonists—daughters and aunts, following the story of an entire family, including unique family dynamics. The books "depict women in the military who have a greater aptitude for command than the military men in their lives". The universe of the books is also ethnically diverse.
Easy Money (1948 film)
Easy Money is a 1948 British satirical film directed by Bernard Knowles and starring Greta Gynt, Dennis Price and Jack Warner. It was written by Muriel and Sydney Box, based on the 1948 play of the same title by Arnold Ridley. It was released by Gainsborough Pictures.

The film comprises four tales about the effect a major football pools win has in four different situations in the post-war period.

Jack Warner (actor)
Jack Warner (born Horace John Waters; 24 October 1895 – 24 May 1981) was a British actor. He is closely associated with the role of PC George Dixon, which he played in the 1950 film The Blue Lamp and later in the television series Dixon of Dock Green from 1955 until 1976, but he was also for some years one of Britain's most popular film stars.  He also periodically released novelty records - comic songs or collections related to his Dixon role - for example his 1958 release "An Ordinary Copper" which was released by Oriole Records - and reissued twice afterward.