hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg
Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg (1428 – 9 September 1473) was a German regent, Duchess of Jülich-Berg by marriage to Gerhard VIII of Jülich-Berg. She was regent of Jülich, Berg and Ravensberg during the incapacity of her spouse and the minority of her eldest son William IV from 1456 until 1473.

Gerhard VII, Duke of Jülich-Berg
Gerhard VII, Duke of Jülich-Berg (c. 1416 – 19 August 1475) was the son of William VIII of Jülich, Count of Ravensberg and Adelheid of Tecklenburg.  Gerhard was the second duke of the combined Duchy of Jülich-Berg but the 7th Gerhard in the House of Jülich.

Upon his father's death in 1428, Gerhard became Count of Ravensberg.  In 1437, his uncle Adolf died without heirs and Gerhard inherited his title as Duke of Jülich-Berg.  Gerhard continued his uncle's fight for the dukedom of Guelders, supported by King Albert II of Germany.  In 1444 he won the Battle of Linnich but was unable to prevail in his fight for Guelders and ultimately sold his claim to Burgundy and acquired Blankenheim-Löwenberg and Heinsberg from Guelders.  He was increasingly unable to govern his territories after 1461. His spouse Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg then wielded regency for him.
Jean-Paul Racine
Jean-Paul Racine (8 February 1928 – 13 January 1988) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Saint-Honoré-de-Shenley, Quebec and became a lumber merchant and manufacturer by career.

He was first elected at the Beauce riding in the 1958 general election and served one term before being defeated there in 1962 by Gérard Perron of the Social Credit party. Racine was again defeated by Perron in 1963 but won the seat back in 1965 for one final Parliamentary term. In the 1968 election, he lost the seat to another Social Credit candidate, Romuald Rodrigue.

Gérard Perron
Gérard Perron (14 November 1920 – 2 April 1981) was a Social Credit party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a hotel operator by career.

He was first elected at the Beauce riding in the 1962 general election and re-elected there in 1963. From 1963 until the end of his final term, the 26th Canadian Parliament, his party was known as the Ralliement créditiste.

Perron was defeated in the 1965 federal election at Beauce riding by Jean-Paul Racine of the Liberal party. In the 1972 election, Perron campaigned for a seat at the Labelle riding but was defeated by Maurice Dupras of the Liberal party.
Italian Secret Service
Italian Secret Service (also known as Il nostro agente Natalino Tartufato) is a 1968 Italian comedy film directed by Luigi Comencini. For his performance in this film and in Il padre di famiglia, Nino Manfredi was awarded with a Golden Plate at the 1968 Edition of David di Donatello.

The Head of the Family (1967 film)
Il padre di famiglia (internationally released as The Head of the Family) is a 1967 Italian-French comedy film directed by Nanni Loy. For his performance in this film and in Italian Secret Service, Nino Manfredi was awarded with a Golden Plate at the 1968 David di Donatello Awards.

Veteran actor Totò was originally cast as Romeo, the anarchist, but died two days after filming his first scene; he was replaced by Ugo Tognazzi. Later Tognazzi was nominated for the Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actor.
Ivana Las Vegas
The Ivana Las Vegas was a proposed 73-floor, 923-foot condominium high-rise, named after Ivana Trump. The project was initially announced in August 2004, as The Summit, and was to be constructed on the 2.17-acre site of the closed Holy Cow Casino and Brewery, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada. Trump became involved with the project in June 2005, when it was renamed.

The Ivana Las Vegas was to feature 945 condo units, including a $35 million 20,000 sq ft (1,900 m2) penthouse. The project would have begun construction in summer 2006, with a completion date of December 2008. The property was put up for sale in December 2005, after the project had been cancelled because of rising construction costs. The property later became the site of a two-story Walgreens store.

Ivana Trump
Ivana Marie Trump (née Zelníčková; February 20, 1949 – July 14, 2022) was a Czech and American businesswoman, socialite, and model. She lived in Canada in the 1970s, before relocating to the United States and marrying Donald Trump in 1977. She held key managerial positions in the Trump Organization, as vice president of interior design, CEO and president of Trump's Castle casino resort, and manager of the Plaza Hotel.

Ivana and Donald Trump were prominent figures in New York society throughout the 1980s. The couple's divorce, granted in 1990, was the subject of extensive media coverage. Following the divorce, she developed her own lines of clothing, fashion jewelry, and beauty products which were sold on QVC UK and the Home Shopping Network. She wrote an advice column for Globe called "Ask Ivana" from 1995 through 2010, and published several books, including works of fiction, self-help, and the autobiography Raising Trump.
Twin Islands (Nunavut)
The Twin Islands (Cree language: Mah-Nah-Woo-Na-N) are similarly shaped Arctic islands in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. They are located in central James Bay, 56 km (35 mi) north east of Akimiski Island, and 58 km (36 mi) west of Quebec. The group includes North Twin and South Twin islands.

North Twin Island (Nunavut)
North Twin Island is an uninhabited Arctic island located east of Akimiski Island in James Bay on the southern end of Hudson Bay. The smaller, similarly shaped, South Twin Island is located approximately 10 km southeast. Together, they are known as the Twin Islands, and are part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut.

It is an important breeding site for Canada Geese and Semipalmated Plovers. It is also home to resident willow ptarmigans and Arctic terns.
Operational instruments of the Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation operating in the United Kingdom between October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down. (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; a serving RAF Air Commodore.

This sub article lists and describes the instruments used by the ROC in their nuclear detection and reporting role during the Cold War period.

Fixed Survey Meter
The Fixed Survey Meter was a specialist detection instrument used by the Royal Observer Corps during the Cold War between 1958 and 1982 to detect ionising radiation from nuclear fallout generated by a ground burst.
Hiroshima Domain
The Hiroshima Domain (広島藩, Hiroshima-han) was a large domain that owned all of Aki Province and half of Bingo Province. It occupies most of current Hiroshima Prefecture. The domain office was located at Hiroshima Castle in Sato District, Aki Province (renamed Numata District in 1664), Hiroshima (present-day Motomachi, Naka Ward, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture). It is often called Geishu Domain (or Aki Domain).

The Hiroshima Domain was based at Hiroshima Castle in Aki Province, in the modern city of Hiroshima, located in the Chūgoku region of the island of Honshu. The Hiroshima Domain was ruled for most of its existence by the daimyō of the Asano clan and encompassed Aki Province and parts of Bingo Province with a Kokudaka system value of 426,500 koku. The Hiroshima Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 by the Meiji government and its territory was absorbed into Hiroshima Prefecture.

Hiroshima Castle
Hiroshima Castle (広島城, Hiroshima-jō), sometimes called Carp Castle (鯉城, Rijō), is a castle in Hiroshima, Japan that was the residence of the daimyō (feudal lord) of the Hiroshima Domain. The castle was originally constructed in the 1590s, but much of it was dismantled in the Meiji era, and what remained was largely destroyed by the atomic bombing on August 6, 1945. The main keep was rebuilt in 1958, a replica of the original that now serves as a museum of Hiroshima's history before the Second World War, and other castle buildings have been reconstructed since.
Renal hilum
The renal hilum is the recessed central fissure of the kidney where its vessels, nerves and ureter (renal pedicle) pass. The medial border of the kidney is concave in the center and convex toward either extremity; it is directed forward and a little downward. Its central part presents a deep longitudinal fissure, bounded by prominent overhanging anterior and posterior lips. This fissure is a hilum that transmits the vessels, nerves, and ureter. From anterior to posterior, the renal vein exits, the renal artery enters, and the renal pelvis exits the kidney.

On the left hand side the hilum is located at the L1 vertebral level and the right kidney at level L1-2. The lower border of the kidneys is usually alongside L3.

Renal artery
The renal arteries are paired arteries that supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle.

The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys.
Elmina D. Slenker
Elmina Drake Slenker (born Elizabeth Drake, December 23, 1827 – February 1, 1908) was a 19th-century American author, leader in the Freethought movement, and early sex reformer.  A regular contributor to anarchist journal Lucifer the Lightbearer, Slinker advocated a sexual practice called Dianism.  In 1887, Slenker was arrested for violating the Comstock laws which criminalized use of the US postal service to deliver sexually explicit content.  She was jailed for several months, subjected to jury trial, and found guilty before finally being freed on a technicality.

Dianism
Dianism is a 19th-century American spiritual sexual practice consisting of "sexual satisfaction from sexual contact" but without ejaculation.  The practice was named after Diana, the Roman goddess of chastity, by American court reporter and astronomer Henry M. Parkhurst in his 1882 pamphlet Diana.   In the 1890s, sexual mystic Ida Craddock included Dianism as part of her teachings.  In the 20th century, the practice found favor with American followers of Aleister Crowley, most notably C. F. Russell.
V. Madhusoodanan Nair
V. Madhusoodanan Nair is an Indian poet and critic of Malayalam literature, who is credited with contributions in popularizing poetry through recitation. He is best known for Naranathu Bhranthan, the poem with the most editions in Malayalam literature as well as his music albums featuring recitations of his own poems and poems of other major poets. Kerala Sahitya Akademi honoured him with their annual award for poetry in 1993. He is also a recipient many other honours including Sahitya Akademi Award, Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram, Padmaprabha Literary Award, Kunju Pillai Award, R. G. Mangalom Award, Souparnikatheeram Prathibhapuraskaram and Janmashtami Puraskaram.

Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram
Asan Memorial Poetry Prize or Asan Smaraka Kavitha Puraskaram is a literary  award instituted in 1985 by Madras-based Asan Memorial Association in memory of Malayalam poet Kumaran Asan. It is given annually to honour outstanding poets in Malayalam language. The award comprises a purse of Rs 50000, sculpture and certificate. The award was also conferred to Tamil writers in the initial years.
Catherine Tucker
Catherine Tucker (born May 16, 1977) is the Sloan Distinguished Professor of Management at MIT Sloan, where she is also chair of the PhD program. She is known for her research into the consequences of digital data for electronic privacy, algorithmic bias, digital health, social media and online advertising. She is also a research associate at the NBER, cofounder of the Cryptoeconomics lab at MIT with Christian Catalini and coeditor at Quantitative Marketing Economics.

Christian Catalini
Christian Catalini is an Italian-Canadian researcher and entrepreneur. He is a co-creator of Diem (formerly Libra), was the Chief Economist of the Diem Association, and is a research scientist at the MIT Sloan School of Management. With David Marcus, he cofounded the startup company Lightspark.

Catalini is known for his research on the economics of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, and for the economical design of Diem. His past research focused on the economics of crowdfunding, early stage capital formation, the economics of science and technology.
Japanese destroyer Kiyonami
Kiyonami (清波; "Clear Wave") was a Yūgumo-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy. She saw numerous escorting duties during WWII, and notably played a major role at the battle of Kolombangara, where she helped to sink the American destroyer USS Gwin and cripple the light cruisers USS Honolulu and USS Saint Louis. However, on 20 July 1943, Kiyonami was sunk by land based allied aircraft with the loss of all but one sailor.

Japanese destroyer Yūgure (1934)
Yūgure (夕暮, ”Twilight”) was the sixth and last Hatsuharu-class destroyer, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy under the Circle One Program (Maru Ichi Keikaku). Three were laid down in JFY 1931 and the next three in JFY 1933.
Rich Internet Application
A Rich Internet Application (also known as a rich web application, RIA or installable Internet application) is a web application that has many of the characteristics of desktop application software. The concept is closely related to a single-page application, and may allow the user interactive features such as drag and drop, background menu, WYSIWYG editing, etc. The concept was first introduced in 2002 by Macromedia to describe Macromedia Flash MX product (which later became Adobe Flash). Throughout the 2000s, the term was generalized to describe browser-based applications developed with other competing browser plugin technologies including Java applets, and Microsoft Silverlight.

With the deprecation of browser plugin interfaces and transition to standard HTML5 technologies, Rich Internet Applications were replaced with JavaScript web applications, including single-page applications and progressive web applications.

Microsoft Silverlight
Microsoft Silverlight is a discontinued application framework designed for writing and running rich internet applications, similar to Adobe's runtime, Adobe Flash. While early versions of Silverlight focused on streaming media, later versions supported multimedia, graphics, and animation, and gave support to developers for CLI languages and development tools. Silverlight was one of the two application development platforms for Windows Phone, but web pages using Silverlight did not run on the Windows Phone or Windows Mobile versions of Internet Explorer, as there was no Silverlight plugin for Internet Explorer on those platforms.

Microsoft terminated support for Silverlight on Internet Explorer 11 (the last remaining web browser still supporting Silverlight) on October 12, 2021.
The Black Hand Gang
The Black Hand Gang is a 1930 British comedy film directed by Monty Banks and starring Wee Georgie Wood, Viola Compton and Alfred Wood. It was made by British International Pictures and based on a play by Black Hand George by Bert Lee and R.P. Weston. Shot at Elstree Studios as a quota quickie, it was released as a second feature.

Viola Compton
Viola Maud Compton–Mackenzie (26 November 1886 – 7 April 1971), known as Viola Compton, was an English film actress. Born in Fulham, London, she was the second of three siblings born to the actors Edward Compton and Virginia Frances Bateman. Her younger brother was writer Compton Mackenzie and her younger sister was actress Fay Compton. She died in Birchington-on-Sea, Kent.
Gesang Martohartono
Gesang Martohartono (1 October 1917 – 20 May 2010) was a Javanese (native Indonesian) singer-songwriter from Surakarta, Central Java. He is the composer of the "Bengawan Solo" – a famous song throughout Indonesia, Japan, part of Asia, and some other countries. The song is almost synonymous with the kroncong style of Javanese music. Martohartono was most commonly known simply as Gesang.

Gesang was born in Surakarta (Solo), Indonesia. His father owned a batik-fabric business, which went bankrupt when Gesang was in his teens, plunging the family into poverty. Gesang, a self-taught musician who was illiterate in musical notation, supported himself and his family by writing songs and singing at local functions such as weddings and other formal occasions.

Surakarta
Surakarta (Javanese: ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, Pegon: سوراكارتا), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ; Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River (Bengawan Solo). Its metropolitan area, consisting of Surakarta City and the surrounding six regencies ("Greater Solo Area", formerly Special Region of Surakarta), was home to 6,837,753 inhabitants according to the official estimates for mid 2023, 526,870 of whom reside in the city proper.

Surakarta is the birthplace of the President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024, Joko Widodo, as well as his son and current Vice President of Indonesia, Gibran Rakabuming Raka. The former served as Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, as did the latter from 2021 to 2024.
Remodeled
Remodeled is an American reality television series which premiered on The CW as a midseason replacement on January 17, 2012. The program was greenlighted to series status on May 17, 2011, to air in the 2011–12 television season. The hour-long series is hosted by modeling expert Paul Fisher and is produced by Fly on the Wall Entertainment and Sony Pictures Television. Executive producers are Allison Grodner, Rich Meehan, Amy Palmer Robertson, Rachel Tung, Greg Seuss, and Erik Stone.

Allison Grodner
Allison Grodner is an American director, producer and writer, who has worked in documentary and reality-based programming. She is best known for her work on the American version of the reality TV show Big Brother. She is an executive producer of Big Brother and Big Brother: After Dark. Grodner is also executive producer of She's Got the Look on TV Land, You're Cut Off! on VH1,  reality series Plain Jane and Remodeled on The CW, and Battle of the Ex Besties on Oxygen.

Grodner won Emmy Awards in 1999 and 2001 for Outstanding Children's Program for The Teen Files, shared with Arnold Shapiro.

In 2009, Grodner was a founding partner of Fly on the Wall Entertainment, the production company for Big Brother, Celebrity Big Brother, Flip or Flop Atlanta, and Million Dollar Mile.
Lonely Joe
Lonely Joe is a 2009 horror film which stars Erica Leerhsen. The film has been said to be a Supernatural Horror/Thriller "in the veins of Saw and The Sixth Sense". The film is inspired by real events that took place in South Texas in the 1980s.

Erica Leerhsen
Erica Lei Leerhsen (born February 14, 1976) is an American actress. She first gained recognition for her leading part in the moderately successful horror sequel Book of Shadows: Blair Witch 2 (2000). Her work led her to take on a recurring role in the first season of The Guardian and star in the horror hit The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003). She has since appeared in numerous films of that genre, including Wrong Turn 2: Dead End (2007), Lonely Joe (2009) and The Butterfly Room (2012), and is considered a scream queen. She has also acted in the Woody Allen films Hollywood Ending (2002), Anything Else (2003) and Magic in the Moonlight (2014) as well as in Allen's play A Second-Hand Memory (2004).
Melanie Sykes
Melanie Ann Sykes (born 1970) is an English former television and radio presenter. She is best known for co-hosting Today with Des and Mel with Des O'Connor and Let's Do Lunch with Gino D'Acampo. She also co-hosted Going Out with Alan Carr on BBC Radio 2 with Alan Carr from May 2010 until it ended in March 2012, and returned with him for Alan and Mel's Summer Escape from 2017 to 2020. Sykes co-presented Shop Well for Less alongside Joanna Page on BBC One.

She ended her career in the entertainment industry in 2021, following a comment from Celebrity MasterChef judge Gregg Wallace.

Joanna Page
Joanna Louise Page is a Welsh actress and presenter, known for portraying Stacey Shipman in the BAFTA-winning television series Gavin & Stacey. She played Dora Spenlow in the 1999 adaptation of David Copperfield, and featured as Just Judy in the 2003 romantic comedy Love Actually. She also co-presented (with Melanie Sykes) the BBC One consumer series Shop Well for Less. In 2023, Page joined Loose Women as a regular panellist.
Salomé (artist)
Salomé (born 24 August 1954 as Wolfgang Ludwig Cihlarz in Karlsruhe, West Germany) is a German artist. His paintings are in renowned museums and collections all over the world. Salomé became known as one of the members of the art group Junge Wilde (Wild Youth) or Neue Wilde (New Wild Ones). He also is recognized as a sculptor and Punk singer.

Junge Wilde
The term Junge Wilde (German for "young wild ones") was originally applied to trends within the art world, and was only later used with reference to politics. At present, the term is used by German-language journalists to describe any group within a tradition that seeks to undermine established authority.
Tulcán
"Tulcan" is also an alternative spelling of tulchan

Tulcán (Spanish pronunciation: [tulˈkan]) is the capital of the province of Carchi in Ecuador and the seat of Tulcán Canton. The population of the city of Tulcán was 56,719 in the 2022 census. Tulcán is known for its hot springs, deep wells,  3-acre topiary garden cemetery, the most elaborate topiary in the New World, created with Cupressus sempervirens by José Maria Azael Franco in 1936. The city is the highest in Ecuador, at 2,950 m (9,680 ft) above sea level, and it is located in the north of Andes Mountains in Ecuador, at 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of the border between Ecuador and Colombia.

Carchi Province
Carchi (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾtʃi]) is a province in Ecuador. The capital is Tulcán. The Carchi River rises on the slopes of Chiles volcano and forms the boundary between Colombia and Ecuador near Tulcan.  Rumichaca Bridge is the most important land route between Colombia and Ecuador.
Jagdish Narain Sapru
Jagdish Narain Sapru (16 November 1933 – 8 May 2007) was an Indian businessman. He was the former chairman of ITC Limited, BOC India, DIC India (Formerly Coates of India), Nicco Park, and the Indian Chamber of Commerce.

He was also the president of the Tollygunge Club, a golf club in Kolkata. Sapru was voted as one of the 'CEOs who Rock' by Asia Africa Intelligence Wire in 2003 and was also an honorary fellow of the All India Management Association. He was the grandson of Indian lawyer, political, and social leader Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru.

Tej Bahadur Sapru
Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru KCSI PC (8 December 1875 –  20 January 1949) was an Indian freedom fighter, lawyer, and politician. He was a key figure in India's struggle for independence, helping draft the Indian Constitution. He was the leader of the Liberal party in British-ruled India.