hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Hell
Richard Lester Meyers (born October 2, 1949), better known by his stage name Richard Hell, is an American singer, songwriter, bass guitarist and writer.

Hell was in several important early punk rock bands, including Neon Boys, Television and the Heartbreakers, after which he formed Richard Hell & the Voidoids. Their 1977 album Blank Generation influenced many other punk bands. Its title track was named "One of the 500 Songs That Shaped Rock" by music writers in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame listing and is ranked as one of the all-time Top 10 punk songs by a 2006 poll of original British punk figures, as reported in the Rough Guide to Punk.

Since the late 1980s, Hell has devoted himself primarily to writing, publishing two novels and several other books. He was the film critic for BlackBook magazine from 2004 to 2006.

Television (band)
Television was an American rock band formed in New York City in 1973. The group's most prominent lineup consisted of Tom Verlaine (vocals, guitar), Richard Lloyd (guitar), Billy Ficca (drums), and Fred Smith (bass). An early fixture of CBGB and the 1970s New York rock scene, the band is considered influential in the development of punk and alternative rock.

Although they recorded in a stripped-down, guitar-based manner similar to their punk contemporaries, Television's music was by comparison clean, improvisational, and technically proficient, drawing influence from jazz and 1960s rock. The group's 1977 debut album, Marquee Moon, is considered one of the defining releases of the punk era. The group released another album the following year titled Adventure, after which they disbanded, but reunited in 1992 to record a self-titled album. Television disbanded again two years later, but they began occasionally performing live in 2001, continuing until 2023 when Verlaine died.
Glasgow (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Glasgow in Lanarkshire was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Glasgow, Dumbarton, Renfrew and Rutherglen formed the Glasgow district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Renfrew (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Renfrew was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Renfrew, Dumbarton, Glasgow and Rutherglen formed the Glasgow district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.
Rapti Highway
Rapti Highway or NH55 (previously: H11) (Nepali: राप्ती राजमार्ग) is a highway in central Nepal that crosses the districts of Dang, Salyan and West Rukum in a south to north direction.
The 176 km highway branches off Mahendra Highway in Satbariya towards Tulsipur in the North, where it intersects with Feeder Road 15 just north of Dang Airport, a road that connects the highway to the district headquarter of Dang, Ghorahi. Rapti Highway then follows Sharada River and passes the municipalities of Sharada and Bagchaur. From there, the highway runs towards Musikot Khalanga, the district headquarter of West Rukum District, where it terminates.

Mahendra Highway
Mahendra Highway or NH01 (previously: H01) (Nepali: महेन्द्र राजमार्ग), also called East-West Highway (Nepali: पूर्व पश्चिम राजमार्ग), runs across the Terai geographical region of Nepal, from Mechinagar in the east to Bhim Datta in the west, cutting across the entire width of the country. It is the longest highway in Nepal and was constructed in cooperation with various countries. The highway is named after King Mahendra Shah.
Aneta Grosu
Aneta Grosu (born 24 September 1957) is a journalist from the Republic of Moldova. She is the editor in chief of the investigative newspaper Ziarul de Gardă since its appearance. She is a leader of the Democratic Forum of Romanians in Moldova.

Order of the Republic (Moldova)
The Order of the Republic (Romanian: Ordinul Republicii) is Moldova's highest order. It is awarded by the President of Moldova for exceptional merits in all fields which benefit Moldova and humanity as a whole. The order was established in July 1992 and its collar and badge are made from silver.

A recipient cannot receive the award twice. The next (lower) award is the Order of Stephen the Great.
Marie (novel)
Marie is a 1912 novel by H. Rider Haggard featuring Allan Quatermain. The plot concerns Quatermain as a young man and involves his first marriage, to the Boer farm girl, Marie Marais. Their romance is opposed by Marie's anti-English father, and her villainous cousin Hernan Pereira, who desires Marie. They are Voortrekkers who take part in the Great Trek whom Quatermain has to rescue. Marie is the fifth novel, and the eighth story overall, in the Allan Quatermain series.

The novel describes Quatermain's involvement in the Sixth Xhosa War of 1835 and Weenen massacre. Real life people such as Piet Retief, Thomas Halstead, and the Zulu chief Dingane appear as characters. Events in Nada the Lily are frequently referred to.

Dingane
Dingane KaSenzangakhona Zulu (c. 1795–29 January 1840), commonly referred to as Dingane, Dingarn or Dingaan, was a Zulu prince who became king of the Zulu Kingdom in 1828, after assassinating his half-brother Shaka Zulu. He set up his royal capital, uMgungundlovu, translated to "Place of the Elephant" or "elephant swallower". He also constructed one of numerous military encampments, or kraals, in the eMakhosini Valley just south of the White Umfolozi River, on the slope of Lion Hill (Singonyama).
Rob Sonic
Robert Smith, better known by his stage name Rob Sonic, is an American rapper and record producer from the Bronx, New York. He has been a member of the groups Sonic Sum and Hail Mary Mallon. He is a founder of the record label Skypimps Music.

Hail Mary Mallon
Hail Mary Mallon was an American hip-hop group consisting of Aesop Rock, Rob Sonic, and DJ Big Wiz. The group's name is a reference to Typhoid Mary. Their first release was the song "D-Up", featured on the compilation album, Definitive Jux Presents 4.
Hæþcyn
Hæthcyn (Old English: Hæþcyn) is the son of the Geatish king Hreðel in the Old English poem Beowulf.

The hero Beowulf is Hæþcyn's nephew. Hæþcyn kills his elder brother Herebeald with an arrow in a hunting accident, which causes their father Hrethel to die from grief. Then Hæþcyn becomes king of Geatland. During the Swedish-Geatish wars, Hæþcyn kidnaps the Swedish queen, and is killed fighting with the Swedish king Ongenþeow who saved her. The Geatish warriors seek refuge in Hrefnesholt, where they are rescued by Hygelac, who arrives the next day with reinforcements. His warrior Eofor kills the Swedish king. Hæþcyn is succeeded by Hygelac.

Ongentheow
Ongentheow (Old English: Ongenþeow, Ongenþio, Ongendþeow; Old Norse: Angantýr) (died ca. 515) was the name of a semi-legendary Swedish king of the house of Scylfings, who appears in Old English sources.

He is generally identified with the Swedish king  Egil Vendelcrow mentioned in Ynglingatal, Historia Norwegiae and in Ynglinga saga.
The reason why they are thought to have been the same is that each has the same position in the line of Swedish kings and is described as the father of Ohthere and grandfather of Eadgils.

The name Ongentheow contains as its second element þeōw "servant, slave". The first appears to be ongēan "against, opposite".
473rd Fighter Group
The 473d Fighter Group is an inactive United States Air Force (USAF) unit.  Its last assignment was with the 30th Air Division at K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base, Michigan, where it was inactivated on 30 September 1959.

During World War II, the unit was programmed as a replacement training unit for P-38 Lightning pilots but never became operational.   It was disbanded in a general reorganization of the Army Air Forces into base units to make more efficient use of manpower.

The group was reactivated as the 473d Fighter Group (Air Defense) in the spring of 1956 during the Cold War under Air Defense Command.  The group opened K.I. Sawyer for use by the USAF, and after 1959 was responsible for air defense in the upper midwestern United States.  Its mission, personnel and equipment were transferred to the 56th Fighter Group (Air Defense) in 1959 and the group was inactivated.

K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base
K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base is a decommissioned United States Air Force (USAF) installation in Marquette County, Michigan, south of the city of Marquette. Near the center of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, the base operated for nearly forty years and closed in 1995. The county airport, Marquette Sawyer Regional Airport, now occupies a portion of the base and has scheduled airline flights and some general aviation activity.

The area of the former base is now an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes. The CDP is known as K. I. Sawyer and had a population of 3,064 at the 2020 census, up from 2,624 in 2010. It is located within Forsyth Township and West Branch Township about 16 miles (25.7 km) south of the city of Marquette.
Arthur Mendes
Arthur Franklin Mendes Filho (born August 7, 1993 in Cáceres) is a Brazilian swimmer.

He was at the 2011 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships, in Lima, Peru, where he won a bronze medal in the 100-metre butterfly.

At the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Mendes won the gold medal in the 4×100-metre medley relay, where he broke the Pan American Games record with a time of 3:32.68, along with Marcelo Chierighini, Felipe França Silva and Guilherme Guido. He also finished 7th in the 100 metre butterfly.

At the 2015 World Aquatics Championships in Kazan, Mendes finished 10th in the Men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay and 24th in the Men's 100 metre butterfly.

Marcelo Chierighini
Marcelo Chierighini (born 15 January 1991) is a Brazilian competitive swimmer. In the 100 metre freestyle, he was an Olympic finalist at the Rio 2016 Games, and four times in a row a finalist at the World Championships in 2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019. In the 4 x 100 metre freestyle relay, he holds a silver medal at the 2017 World Championships.
Blunted on Reality
Blunted on Reality is the debut studio album released by the American hip-hop group Fugees. The album was released in January 1994 through the Ruffhouse Records label. Three singles were released from the album, including ”Boof Baf”, ”Nappy Heads” and ”Vocab”.

Blunted on Reality received generally favorable reviews from music critics. In the United Kingdom the album has been certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry. It was followed up with the critically acclaimed second and final album, The Score in 1996.

Nappy Heads
"Nappy Heads" is a song written and performed by American hip-hop group Fugees, released in February 1994 by Ruffhouse Records as the second single from the group's debut album, Blunted on Reality (1994). The original version of the song was co-produced by group members Pras and Wyclef Jean, and written by singer Lauryn Hill. "Nappy Heads" was recorded at House of Music Studios in New Jersey. However, the more-well known, definitive remix version (titled "Nappy Heads – Remix") was produced by Salaam Remi. The song became the group's first entry on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 49. It also reached number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart.
KittiB
Kim Bo-mi (Korean: 김보미; born July 27, 1990), better known by her stage name, KittiB (Korean: 키디비), is a South Korean rapper and songwriter. She was the first runner-up in TV music competition Unpretty Rapstar 2.

Unpretty Rapstar
Unpretty Rapstar (Korean: 언프리티 랩스타) is a South Korean rap competition TV show that airs on Mnet. It is known as the female counterpart of Show Me The Money. The contestants compete with each other to get a chance to participate in the new song that the producers made.
Nodosinelloidea
The Nodosinelloidea is a superfamily of fusulinids (microganular foraminifera) in which the test is of one or more distinct chambers with the wall single layered or with a microgranular outer layer and fibrous inner layer. Differs from the Geinitzinoidea in that the latter has the layers reversed.

The Nodosinelloidea, which has a stratigraphic range from the Upper Silurian to the Permian, includes two families, the Earlandinitidae and the Nodosinellidae.

Geinitzinoidea
The Geinitzinoidea comprises a superfamily of Upper Devonian to Upper Permian uniserial fusulinids (microgranular foraminifera with chambers aligned in a single row), the chamber walls consisting of a dark microgranular inner layer and  radially fibrous outer layer.  Advanced forms show secondary lateral thickening

The Geinitzinoidea differs from the Nodosinelloidea in that in the Nodosinelloidea the inner layer is fibrous.

Two families are included, the Geinitzinidae and Pachyphloiidae.
HSTCP
HighSpeed TCP (HSTCP) is a congestion control algorithm protocol defined in RFC 3649 for Transport Control Protocol (TCP). Standard TCP performs poorly in networks with a large bandwidth-delay product. It is unable to fully utilize available bandwidth. HSTCP makes minor modifications to standard TCP's congestion control mechanism to overcome this limitation. HSTCP was proposed by Sally Floyd in 2003 specifically to address the needs of high-capacity research networks and grid computing applications, where links with speeds of 1-10 Gbps and round-trip times exceeding 100ms were becoming common.

TCP congestion control
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses a congestion control algorithm that includes various aspects of an additive increase/multiplicative decrease (AIMD) scheme, along with other schemes including slow start and a congestion window (CWND), to achieve congestion avoidance. The TCP congestion-avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for congestion control in the Internet. Per the end-to-end principle, congestion control is largely a function of internet hosts, not the network itself. There are several variations and versions of the algorithm implemented in protocol stacks of operating systems of computers that connect to the Internet.

To avoid congestive collapse, TCP uses a multi-faceted congestion-control strategy. For each connection, TCP maintains a CWND, limiting the total number of unacknowledged packets that may be in transit end-to-end. This is somewhat analogous to TCP's sliding window used for flow control.
Mario Schiano
Mario Schiano (20 July 1933 in Naples – 10 May 2008 in Rome) was an Italian alto saxophonist and soprano saxophonist associated with avant-garde/free jazz.

He was born in Naples. A member of the Italian Instabile Orchestra, Schiano recorded with musicians such as Famoudou Don Moye, Eugenio Colombo, Ernst Reijseger, Paul Rutherford, Gianluigi Trovesi and Joëlle Léandre, among others.

He died in Rome in 2008.

Italian Instabile Orchestra
The Italian Instabile Orchestra (IIO) is an eighteen-piece experimental big band that performs orchestral jazz and avant-garde jazz. Its members include Alberto Mandarini, Bruno Tommaso, Carlo Actis Dato, Daniele Cavallanti, Eugenio Colombo, Giancarlo Schiaffini, Gianluigi Trovesi, Giorgio Gaslini, Giovanni Maier, Guido Mazzon, Mario Schiano, Martin Mayes, Paolo Damiani, Pino Minafra, Sebi Tramontana, Tiziano Tononi, Umberto Petrin, and Vincenzo Mazzone.

The orchestra was founded in 1990 to perform at the Festival di Noci. One of the original members, pianist Giorgio Gaslini, later left the orchestra. Some guest musicians that have performed or recorded with them include Cecil Taylor, Willem Breuker and Lester Bowie.
T1 League
The T1 League (Chinese: T1聯盟) was a professional basketball league in Taiwan. It was the third Taiwanese professional basketball league after the now-defunct Chinese Basketball Alliance (CBA; 1994–1999) and P. League+ (PLG; founded in 2020).

TSG GhostHawks
The TSG GhostHawks (Chinese: 台鋼獵鷹) are a Taiwanese professional basketball team based in Tainan City. They have competed in the T1 League since the 2021–22 season, and play their home games at the Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Shao Tsung Gymnasium. The GhostHawks became one of the six teams of the inaugural T1 League season.

On September 30, 2021, the name of Tainan team was announced as the Tainan TSG GhostHawks.
Zweikanalton
Zweikanalton ("two-channel sound"), or A2 Stereo, is an analog television stereo sound and bilingual audio transmission system used in Germany, Austria, Australia, Switzerland, Netherlands, Croatia, Serbia, Poland and some other countries that use or used CCIR systems. South Korea utilized a modified version of Zweikanalton for the NTSC analog television standard.

Zweikanalton relies on two separate FM carriers.

This offers a relatively high separation between the channels (compared to a subcarrier-based multiplexing system) and can thus be used for bilingual broadcasts as well as stereo. Unlike the competing NICAM standard, Zweikanalton is an analog system.

Zweikanalton can be adapted to any existing analogue television system, and modern PAL or SECAM television receivers generally include a sound detector IC that can decode both Zweikanalton and NICAM.

NICAM
Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplex (NICAM) is an early form of lossy compression for digital audio. It was originally developed in the early 1970s for point-to-point links within broadcasting networks. In the 1980s, broadcasters began to use NICAM compression for transmissions of stereo TV sound to the public.
Kadaisi Vivasayi
Kadaisi Vivasayi (transl. The Last Farmer) is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language drama film by M. Manikandan. It stars Nallandi as an octogenarian farmer, and features Vijay Sethupathi and Yogi Babu in supporting roles. Besides writing and directing, Manikandan produced the film and helmed the cinematography as well. Kadaisi Vivasayi was released on 11 February 2022  and received widespread critical acclaim but ended up as a box office failure. It won the Best Feature Film In Tamil, Special Mention for actor Nallandi at the 69th National Film Awards

Nallandi
Nallandi (14 October 1937–1 February 2022) was an Indian farmer and actor. He rose to prominence shortly before his death by portraying the character of  Maayandi in the Tamil film Kadaisi Vivasayi, which also starred Vijay Sethupathi.
Bipolar (song)
"Bipolar" is a song performed by Mexican singers Peso Pluma, Jasiel Nuñez, and Junior H. It was released on 7 September 2023, through Double P Records, as the lead single from Nuñez's debut studio album La Odisea (2024). It was written and produced by Jasiel Nuñez. The song was also produced by Ernesto Murillo, Alan Manzo, Ernesto Fernández, and Don Miguel Ruiz.

Junior H
Antonio Herrera Pérez (born 23 April 2001), known professionally as Junior H, is a Mexican singer-songwriter. He is considered a major artist of the corridos tumbados movement, having popularized the genre with his earlier studio albums.
Critical Assignment
Critical Assignment is a 2004 African action film directed by Jason Xenopoulos. It involves a journalist, Michael Power, who is going against a politician who is acquiring weapons and diverting water from the people.

Betty Onuh of the Nigerian magazine Newswatch stated "Essentially, it is a story "written and directed by Africans and for Africans."" Eric Frank, Saatchi & Saatchi Africa Network MD, described Critical Assignment as "the largest Pan-African marketing initiative ever undertaken by Guinness Africa and it underscores the transition of both Guinness and its action hero, Michael Power, to Lovemark status."

Michael Power (character)
Michael Power is an advertising character (played by Cleveland Mitchell), the cornerstone of a large marketing campaign by the beer company Guinness to promote its products in Africa from 1999 to 2006. By 2003, it became one of the best-known alcohol advertising campaigns in Africa. Jo Foster of the BBC referred to Power as "Africa's very own 'James Bond'".
Her Man (1930 film)
Her Man is a 1930 American pre-Code drama film produced and distributed by Pathé Exchange, directed by Tay Garnett and starring Phillips Holmes, Helen Twelvetrees and Marjorie Rambeau. The film is inspired by the ballad Frankie and Johnny. The picture's supporting cast features James Gleason, Ricardo Cortez, Thelma Todd and Franklin Pangborn.

At least one copy is preserved at the Library of Congress. The original camera negative, rediscovered in the 2010s, has been scanned and restored at 4K resolution by Sony Pictures Entertainment, in partnership with the Film Foundation and RT features.

Helen Twelvetrees
Helen Marie Twelvetrees (née Jurgens; December 25, 1908 – February 13, 1958) was an American actress. She starred in Hollywood films in the sound film era from 1929 to 1939. Many of her roles were of "suffering women,” which reflected her tumultuous personal life. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame located at 6263 Hollywood Blvd.
Love and Deficit
Love and Deficit (Swedish: Kärlek och kassabrist) is a 1932 Swedish comedy film directed by Gustaf Molander and starring Sigurd Wallén, Tutta Rolf and Edvin Adolphson. It was shot at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm. The film's art direction was by Arne Åkermark.

Tutta Rolf
Tutta Rolf (born Solveig Jenny Berntzen; 7 October 1907 – 26 October 1994) was a Norwegian-Swedish film and theatre actress and singer. She was born in Oslo. She appeared in 14 films between 1932 and 1939. She was married three times, first to the Swedish actor and singer Ernst Rolf (1930–1932), then to the American director Jack Donohue (1936–1950), and finally to the Swedish director/actor Hasse Ekman (1953–1972). She was the mother of the Academy Award–winning film editor Tom Rolf and the actress Jill Donohue.
Sarah McNutt
Sarah Jane McNutt (July 22, 1839 – September 10, 1930) was an American physician, notable as the first woman inducted into the American Neurological Association. McNutt was a founder of the Babies' Hospital in New York City, now known as Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, along with her sister Dr. Julia G McNutt. Her mentors and co-workers Elizabeth Blackwell and Emily Blackwell were some of the first female physicians in the United States. She focused her work on pediatrics, neurology, and medical education.

American Neurological Association
The American Neurological Association (ANA) is a professional society of academic neurologists and neuroscientists devoted to the advancement of neurology through education and research. Founded in 1875, it is the oldest neurological society in the United States and serves as a leading forum for the presentation and discussion of scientific work in neurology. The ANA publishes the peer-reviewed journals Annals of Neurology and Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. The ANA family of journals also includes the Annals of the Child Neurology Society.
NovaGold Resources
NOVAGOLD is a Canadian company that is pursuing the development of the Donlin Gold mine in Alaska. Headquartered in Vancouver, the company is listed on the NYSE American and the Toronto Stock Exchange. The company was founded in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, in 1984, to pursue exploration and development of mining properties. While the company bought and sold numerous exploration rights across North America, they have principally focused on four properties. They developed and operated the Murray Brook Mine in Nova Scotia from 1989 to 1992 and developed the Rock Creek Mine in Alaska but defaulted on financial obligations forcing it to close shortly after opening in 2008. They conducted exploration and development work on the Galore Creek mine in British Columbia between 2003 and 2018 but sold its interests. The development of the Donlin Gold mine has been pursued since the formation of a joint venture with Barrick Gold in 2012.

Murray Brook Mine
The Murray Brook Mine is a VMS deposit in the Bathurst Mining Camp (BMC) of northern New Brunswick, Canada owned by NovaGold Resources. The deposit was discovered in 1955 and contains the largest gossan zone in the BMC. From 1989 to 1992 the gossan zone was processed for gold and silver. In 1992 copper rich ore was crushed and tested for heap leaching.