hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.

Orchestral jazz
Orchestral jazz or symphonic jazz is a form of jazz that developed in New York City in the 1920s. Early innovators of the genre, such as Fletcher Henderson and Duke Ellington, include some of the most highly regarded musicians, composers, and arrangers in all of jazz history. The fusion of jazz's rhythmic and instrumental characteristics with the scale and structure of an orchestra, made orchestral jazz distinct from the musical genres that preceded its emergence. Its development contributed both to the popularization of jazz, as well as the critical legitimization of jazz as an art form.
Meghnad Saha
Meghnad Saha (6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) was an Indian astrophysicist and politician who helped devise the theory of thermal ionisation. His Saha ionisation equation allowed astronomers to accurately relate the spectral classes of stars to their actual temperatures.

Thermal ionization
Thermal ionization, also known as surface ionization or contact ionization, is a physical process whereby the atoms are desorbed from a hot surface, and in the process are ionized.

Thermal ionization is used to make simple ion sources, for mass spectrometry and for generating ion beams. Thermal ionization has seen extensive use in determining atomic weights, in addition to being used in many geological/nuclear applications.
Mizuno Tadakuni
Mizuno Tadakuni (水野 忠邦; July 19, 1794 – March 12, 1851) was a daimyō during late-Edo period Japan, who later served as chief senior councilor (Rōjū) in service to the Tokugawa shogunate. He is remembered for having instituted the Tenpō Reforms.

Tenpō Reforms
The Tenpō Reforms (天保の改革, tenpō no kaikaku) were an array of economic policies introduced between 1841 and 1843 by the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan. These reforms were efforts to resolve perceived problems in military, economic, agricultural, financial and religious systems. The changes were intended to address problems in local politics, but they were also addressed more broadly to "domestic uneasiness." The perceived need for change led to the arrest of many prominent political figures and writers. The reforms became a precursor of reforms initiated after the Meiji Restoration two decades later. This reform movement was related to three others during the Edo period: the Kyōhō reforms (1722–1730), the Kansei reforms (1787–1793) and the Keiō Reforms (1864–1867).
Fritz Grasshoff
Fritz Graßhoff (9 December 1913 – 9 February 1997) was a German painter, poet and songwriter. He was known for hits sung by Lale Andersen, Freddy Quinn and Hans Albers. As a painter, he participated in important exhibitions; as a writer, he was known for his lyric volume Halunkenpostille and his autobiographical novel Der blaue Heinrich. He translated poetry by the Ancient Roman Martial and the Swede Carl Michael Bellman. Many of his writings have been set to music by composers such as James Last, Norbert Schultze and Siegfried Strohbach.

Halunkenpostille
Halunkenpostille is the title of a collection of poetry by the German writer Fritz Graßhoff. It could be translated as Scoundrel's Postil, and it reflects the title of Bertolt Brecht's Hauspostille, a collection of poems, which parodies Martin Luther's Hauspostille, a collection of Bible commentaries. A recording of songs from the Halunkenpostille was subtitled Schräge Songs, halbseidene Lieder und wunderschöne Gedichte, which may be rendered as Cockeyed Songs, Dubious Ditties and Wonderful Poems. The style shows similarities to works by Erich Kästner, Walter Mehring and Joachim Ringelnatz.
Portein
Portein (Romansh: Purtagn) was a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.  On 1 January 2010 the municipalities of Portein, Präz, Sarn and Tartar merged into the municipality of Cazis.

Sarn, Switzerland
Sarn was a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.  On 1 January 2010 the municipalities of Portein, Präz, Sarn, and Tartar merged into the municipality of Cazis.
Pottu Amman (film)
Pottu Amman is a 2000 Indian Tamil-language devotional film directed by K. Rajarathinam and produced by Mangala Productions. It was simultaneously shot in Telugu as Durga, directed by R. K. Selvamani and produced by Ramprasad Reddy. The film featured Venu, Roja, Suresh Krishna, Suvaluxmi and K. R. Vijaya. The film was publicised as actress Roja's 100th film and got released during the month of December 2000.

Roja Selvamani
R. K. Roja Selvamani (born Sri Latha Reddy), is an Indian politician and actress. She served as Minister for Tourism, Culture and Youth Advancement of Andhra Pradesh since 11 April 2022 until a landslide defeat in 2024 assembly elections.

Roja was born in Bhakarapeta, Tirupati to Nagaraja Reddy and Lalitha Reddy, she has two brothers by the name of Kumaraswamy Reddy and Ramaprasad Reddy. Roja was a leading and established actress in the Indian cinema featuring in multiple Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films as a leading actress from the 1990s till 2000s and featured in blockbuster films such as Chembaruthi (1992), Sarpayagam (1992), Anna (1994), Gadibidi Ganda (1993) and Unnidathil Ennai Koduthen (1998).

Roja became the Minister for Tourism Culture and Youth Advancement for the Government of Andhra Pradesh in April 2022.
Hamlet (2009 film)
Hamlet is a 2009 television film adaptation of the Royal Shakespeare Company's 2008 modern-dress stage production of William Shakespeare's play of the same name, aired on BBC Two on 26 December 2009.  It was broadcast by PBS' Great Performances in the United States on 28 April 2010.

Directed by Gregory Doran, it features the original stage cast of David Tennant in the title role of Prince Hamlet, Patrick Stewart as both King Claudius and the ghost of Hamlet's father, Penny Downie as Queen Gertrude, Mariah Gale as Ophelia, Edward Bennett as Laertes, Oliver Ford Davies as Polonius, and Peter de Jersey as Horatio.

Polonius
Polonius is a character in William Shakespeare's play Hamlet.  He is the chief counsellor of the play's ultimate villain, Claudius, and the father of Laertes and Ophelia. Generally regarded as wrong in every judgment he makes over the course of the play, Polonius is described by William Hazlitt as a "sincere" father, but also "a busy-body, [who] is accordingly officious, garrulous, and impertinent". In Act II, Hamlet refers to Polonius as a "tedious old fool" and taunts him as a latter day "Jephtha".

Polonius connives with Claudius to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet unknowingly kills Polonius, provoking Ophelia's descent into madness, ultimately resulting in her (probable) suicide and the climax of the play: a duel between Laertes and Hamlet.
Peter Sagal
Peter Daniel Sagal (born January 31, 1965) is an American humorist, writer, and host of the National Public Radio game show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! and the PBS special Constitution USA with Peter Sagal.

Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!
Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! is an hour-long weekly news radio panel show produced by WBEZ and National Public Radio (NPR) in Chicago, Illinois. On the program, panelists and contestants are quizzed in humorous ways about that week's news. It is distributed by NPR in the United States, internationally on NPR Worldwide and on the Internet via podcast, and typically broadcast on weekends by member stations. The show averages about six million weekly listeners on air and via podcast.
Barbara Yu Ling
Barbara Lee (4 November 1933/1938 – 6 April 1997), who used the stage name Barbara Yu Ling, was a Singapore-born actress of stage, screen, and television who was based in Britain from the 1950s. One of the first Singaporean Chinese actresses to gain attention in Europe, she appeared in productions of Madame Butterfly and The World of Suzie Wong. Among the films she appeared in were The Satanic Rites of Dracula (1973), Ping Pong (1986), and Peggy Su! (1997).

Ping Pong (1986 film)
Ping Pong is a 1986 British comedy mystery film directed by Po-Chih Leong. It stars David Yip, Lucy Sheen, and Robert Lee. The film was produced by Picture Palace Films for Film Four International. Sheen in her debut role plays Elaine Choi, a law clerk brought in to carry out the will of a prominent restaurateur. It premiered at the Venice Film Festival.
Peradeniya Junction railway station
Peradeniya Junction is a railway station on the Main railway line of Sri Lanka, situated between Kathaluwa and Koshinna railway stations. It is the 45th railway station on the Main line and situated about 115 kilometres (71 mi) away from the Colombo Fort Railway Station, at an elevation of about 476 metres (1,562 ft) above sea level. It is an important railway junction in Sri Lanka Railways' network, connecting the Main Line, which runs from Colombo to Badulla and the Matale Line, which runs from Peradeniya to Matale via Kandy.

Main Line (Sri Lanka)
The Main Line is a major railway line in the rail network of Sri Lanka, also known to have scenic views.  The line begins at Colombo Fort and winds through the Sri Lankan hill country to reach Badulla.
Kashiwa Reysol
Kashiwa Reysol (柏レイソル, Kashiwa Reisoru) is a Japanese professional football club based in Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture, part of the Greater Tokyo Area. The club plays in the J1 League, which is the top tier of football in the country. Their home stadium is Sankyo Frontier Kashiwa Stadium, also known as "Hitachidai". Reysol is a portmanteau of the Spanish words Rey and Sol, meaning "Sun King". The name alludes to their parent company Hitachi, whose name means "rising sun" in Japanese.

The club was formed in 1940 and was a founding member ("Original Eight") of the Japan Soccer League (JSL) in 1965. Since the league's inception, they have spent the majority of their existence in the top tier of Japanese football. They have been Japanese League champions twice in 1972 and 2011, and have won three League Cups in 1976, 1999 and 2013, and three Emperor's Cups in 1972, 1975 and 2012.

JEF United Chiba
JEF United Chiba (ジェフユナイテッド千葉, Jefu Yunaiteddo Chiba), full name JEF United Ichihara Chiba (ジェフユナイテッド市原・千葉, Jefu Yunaiteddo Ichihara Chiba) and also known as JEF Chiba (ジェフ千葉, Jefu Chiba), is a Japanese professional football club based in Chiba, capital of Chiba Prefecture. They currently play in the J1 League, the top tier of the Japanese football league system, after promotion from the J2 League in 2025.
Ondřej Satoria
Ondřej Satoria (born 26 February 1997) is a Czech professional baseball pitcher for Arrows Ostrava of the Czech Baseball Extraliga. He represents the Czech Republic national team in international competition.

Arrows Ostrava
SKSB Arrows Ostrava, z.s., or simply Arrows Ostrava, is a baseball team from Ostrava, Czech Republic. The team plays in the Czech Extraliga and have won the league title three times in 2018, 2019 and 2021.
Rebirth of Mothra II
Rebirth of Mothra II (モスラ2 海底の大決戦, Mosura Tsū Kaitei no Daikessen; released in Japan as Mothra 2: The Battle Under the Deep Sea) is a 1997 Japanese kaiju film directed by Kunio Miyoshi, written by Masumi Suetani, and produced by Hiroaki Kitayama and Shōgo Tomiyama. Produced by Toho Pictures and distributed by Toho, the film features the fictional monster character Mothra, and is the second film in the Rebirth of Mothra trilogy, following the previous year's Rebirth of Mothra.

Rebirth of Mothra II stars Sayaka Yamaguchi, Megumi Kobayashi, Aki Hano, and Hikari Mitsushima, and was the final tokusatsu film to feature special effects directed by Koichi Kawakita. The film was released in Japan on December 13, 1997.

It was followed by Rebirth of Mothra III (1998).

Hikari Mitsushima
Hikari Mitsushima (満島 ひかり, Mitsushima Hikari; born 30 November 1985) is a Japanese actress, singer and model. In 2017 she was the vocalist and dancer in Mondo Grosso's videos for "Labyrinth", which has garnered over 42 million views on YouTube as of December 2025, and "In this World".
Clara Wæver
Clara Marie Wæver (7 April 1855–18 August 1930) was a Danish embroiderer who in 1890 opened a successful business in Copenhagen. Recognized for its high quality, it also  provided instruction and training in needlework for young women. In 1903, Wæver enhanced her wares by acquiring the studio where Kristiane Konstantin-Hansen, a daughter of the painter Constantin Hansen, and Johanne Bindesbøll, a sister of Thorvald Bindesbøll had worked, including all its artworks, models and designs. In 1917, she transferred ownership of the business which then became known as Eva Rosenstand Clara Wæver. It survives today in the centre of Copenhagen as Eva Rosenstand.

Kristiane Konstantin-Hansen
Kristiane Konstantin-Hansen, also Christiane Constantin Hansen, (16 September 1848 – 13 July 1925) was a Danish weaver, textile artist and retailer who specialized in embroidery. A daughter of the celebrated painter Constantin Hansen, together with the daughter of another Golden Age figure, she opened an embroidery shop in central Copenhagen in 1873. The business proved to be highly successful over the next 30 years, attracting custom from individuals, churches and schools, and receiving several international awards. It closed in 1903 to enable Konstantin-Hansen and her colleague Johanne Bindesbøll to create large tapestries for Frederiksborg Castle. Konstantin-Hansen was also active as a pioneering feminist.
Area code 250
Area code 250 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the Canadian province of British Columbia outside the Lower Mainland, including Vancouver Island – home to the provincial capital, Victoria – and the province's Interior region. In addition, the numbering plan area extends into the United States community of Hyder, Alaska, located along the Canada–United States border near the town of Stewart. The incumbent local exchange carriers that service the area code are Telus, Northwestel, and CityWest in the city of Prince Rupert.

The area code is one of the two parents, along with area code 604, of an overlay complex with area codes 778, 236, 672, and 257 that extends to the entire province

Hyder, Alaska
Hyder is a census-designated place in Prince of Wales–Hyder Census Area, Alaska, United States. The population was 48 at the 2020 census, down from 87 in 2010. Hyder is accessible by road only from Stewart, British Columbia. It is popular with motorists wishing to visit Alaska without driving the length of the Alaska Highway. Hyder has no direct access to any Alaskan road. It is the southernmost community in the state that can be reached via car (others can be reached only by boat or plane). Hyder is Alaska's easternmost community.
Chamalal people
The Chamalals are an indigenous people of Dagestan, North Caucasia living in a few villages in the Tsumadinsky District on the left bank of the Andi-Koysu river. They have their own language, Chamalal, and primarily follow Sunni Islam, which reached the Chamalal people around the 8th or 9th century. There are about 5,000 ethnic Chamalals (1999, Kubrik). They are culturally similar to the Avars.

Neighboring peoples are the Godoberi, Avars, Bagvalals, and Tindis.

Tindi people
The Tindi are an indigenous people of Dagestan, North Caucasus living in five villages in the central area around the Andi-Koysu river and the surrounding mountains in northwestern southern Dagestan. They have their own language, Tindi, and primarily follow Sunni Islam, which reached the Tindi people around the 8th or 9th century. The only time the Tindi were counted as a distinct ethnic group in the Russian Census was in 1926, when 3,812 reported being ethnic Tindis. In 1967, there were about 5,000 ethnic Tindi (T. Gudava). They are culturally similar to the Avars.

The basis of the Tindis' ethnic identity is their language, but its use is limited to domestic settings and is decreasing. Therefore, the Tindis are in danger of assimilation by the Avars, whose language is the dominant local one.

Neighboring peoples are the Chamalals, Avars, Bagvalals, Akhvakhs, and Khwarshis.
Bert Oldershaw
Herbert "Bert" Oldershaw (November 10, 1921 in Toronto – March 28, 2006 in Burlington, Ontario) was a Canadian sprint canoeist and sprint kayaker who competed from the late 1940s to the late 1950s.Bert was a founding member of the Toronto Island Canoe Club. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he earned his best finish of fifth in the C-2 10000 m event at London in 1948. Bert's partner was Bill Stevenson.

Oldershaw was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 2004 in both athlete and builder categories.

He is a father of Dean Oldershaw, Reed Oldershaw and Scott Oldershaw and grandfather of Mark Oldershaw, all of whom competed for Canada in the Olympics. Mark Oldershaw won a bronze medal for Canada at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, 64 years after his grandfather Bert competed there.

Mark Oldershaw
Mark Oldershaw (born February 7, 1983) is a Canadian sprint canoeist. Oldershaw won the bronze medal in the C-1 1000 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. He is a third generation Canadian Olympic canoer, fifth family member to compete at the Olympics and the first member of the family to win an Olympic medal. He was a double Junior World Champion in the C-1 500 m and C-1 1,000 m in 2001.
Breakfast News
Breakfast News is a breakfast news programme which first aired on BBC1 on 2 October 1989. The programme was previously known as Breakfast Time.  It was planned to launch on 18 September 1989 but was held back by two weeks due to technical issues with its new studio. The programme adopted a rolling news format with news summaries every 15 minutes plus weather and regional news every 30 minutes. Other features included a review of the day's newspapers and regular business news updates.

From 22 November 1989, following the commencement of televised coverage of the House of Commons, the 8 am to 8.15 am part of the programme was simulcast on BBC2 as part of a new news hour which encompassed a review of the previous day's proceedings at Westminster. The final edition of Breakfast News aired on 15 September 2000 and on 2 October 2000 it relaunched as BBC Breakfast.

Breakfast Time (British TV programme)
Breakfast Time is British television's first national breakfast television programme. It was broadcast from 17 January 1983 until 29 September 1989 on BBC1 across the United Kingdom. It was broadcast for the first time just over two weeks before TV-am, the commercial breakfast television station.

On 2 October 1989, the show became Breakfast News.
Marshall Otis Howe
Marshall Otis Howe (October 4, 1832 – May 13, 1919) was a farmer, school superintendent and Justice of the Peace from Newfane, Vermont and member of the Vermont House of Representatives, serving in 1882.

Newfane, Vermont
Newfane is the shire town (county seat) of Windham County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,645 at the 2020 census. The town includes the villages of Newfane, Williamsville, and South Newfane.
Dunsmuir ministry
The Dunsmuir ministry was the combined Cabinet that governed British Columbia from June 15, 1900, to November 21, 1902. It was led by James Dunsmuir, the 14th premier of British Columbia. It was formed following the 1900 general election, in which the incumbent premier, Joseph Martin, failed to gain a majority; he subsequently recommended Dunsmuir as the next government leader.

On November 21, 1902, Dunsmuir submitted his resignation to Lieutenant Governor Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière and recommended Edward Gawler Prior as his successor. Joly de Lotbinière then invited Prior to form a government, who accepted and formed the Prior ministry.

Prior ministry
The Prior ministry was the combined Cabinet that governed British Columbia from November 21, 1902, to June 1, 1903. It was led by Edward Gawler Prior, the 15th premier of British Columbia. It was formed during the 9th Parliament, after Premier James Dunsmuir resigned and named Prior as his successor. Prior had been a member of the Dunsmuir ministry.

Prior was dismissed as premier by Lieutenant Governor Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière over a conflict of interest scandal that implicated several ministers, including Prior. Joly de Lotbinière then invited opposition leader Richard McBride to form the McBride ministry.

This was the last British Columbia ministry to be non-partisan. It is also the last time in Canadian political history that a lieutenant governor dismissed a premier.
Daniel Fredheim Holm
Daniel Fredheim Holm (born 30 July 1985) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder and works as an assistant coach for KFUM in the OBOS-ligaen. He is the half-brother of former Vålerenga colleague Thomas Holm, and the son of former footballer Paal Fredheim.

Vålerenga Fotball
Vålerenga Fotball (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈvôːɽɛŋɑ] ⓘ) is a Norwegian professional football club from Oslo, and a part of the multi-sport club Vålerengens IF. The club currently competes in the Eliteserien after being promoted from the Norwegian First Division in 2024. Founded in 1913, the club is named after the neighbourhood of Vålerenga. Vålerenga's home ground is Intility Arena, located in Valle-Hovin. Vålerenga are five-time league champions and four-time Norwegian Football Cup champions, having last won the league in 2005 and the cup in 2008. Vålerenga is generally considered to be the largest football club in Oslo, and they are known for their loyal supporters.
Place de la Concorde (Degas)
Place de la Concorde or Viscount Lepic and his Daughters Crossing the Place de la Concorde is an 1875 oil painting by Edgar Degas. It depicts the cigar-smoking Ludovic-Napoléon Lepic, his daughters Eylau and Jeanine, his dog, and a solitary man on the left at Place de la Concorde in Paris. The man on the left may be the playwright Ludovic Halévy. The Tuileries Gardens can be seen in the background, behind a stone wall.

Notable for its innovative composition, use of negative space, and cropping, the painting reflects influences from photography and contemporary urban transformations during Haussmann's Paris. Widely thought to be lost after World War II, the painting was revealed in 1994 to be part of a collection looted by Soviet forces, later displayed at the Hermitage Museum in the controversial "Hidden Treasures Revealed" exhibition. It remains in the Hermitage's collection today.

Ludovic-Napoléon Lepic
Ludovic-Napoléon Lepic (17 December 1839 – 27 October 1889) was a French artist, archaeologist and patron of the arts. He was styled as Vicomte Lepic until his father's death in 1875, when he succeeded to the title of Comte Lepic. He is best remembered today as a friend of Edgar Degas, who included him in some eleven paintings and pastels. He was among the original Impressionist group and later became a recognised marine painter.