hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gråkallen Line
The Gråkallen Line (Norwegian: Gråkallbanen) is an 8.8-kilometre (5.5 mi) suburban tram line located in Trondheim, Norway. As the only remaining part of the Trondheim Tramway, it runs from the city centre at St. Olav's Gate, via the suburban area Byåsen to Lian. It is designated Line 9 (previously Line 1), and is served by six Class 8 articulated trams. After the closure of the Arkhangelsk tramway in 2004, it became the world's northernmost tramway system.

The line was opened as the only private tramway in Trondheim by A/S Graakalbanen in 1924. At first it was built to Munkvoll, but extended to Ugla in 1925, and to Lian in 1933. Operations were taken over by the municipal Trondheim Trafikkselskap in 1972, but it was closed along with the rest of the tramway in 1988. In 1990, the private initiative AS Gråkallbanen opened the line, later known as Boreal Bane. Located at Munkvoll is the tramway museum and depot.

TT Class 8
TT Class 8 are the only remaining trams used on the Trondheim Tramway. Built by Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) in 1984–85, they replaced the aging Class 7 trams used by Trondheim Trafikkselskap (TT). Of the eleven built, nine remain in service on the Gråkallen Line operated by Boreal Bane.
Esher Committee
The Esher Report of 1904, issued by a committee chaired by Lord Esher, recommended radical reform of the British Army, such as the creation of an Army Council, General Staff and Chief of the General Staff and the abolition of the Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.

The change to the character of the Army has endured.

Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, later Commander-in-Chief, British Army, or just Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was (intermittently) the title of the professional head of the English Army from 1660 to 1707 (the English Army, founded in 1645, was succeeded in 1707 by the new British Army, incorporating existing Scottish regiments) and of the British Army from 1707 until 1904. The office was replaced in 1904 with the creation of the Army Council and the title of Chief of the General Staff.
Jeremiah Arkham
Jeremiah Arkham is a supervillain and the head of the Arkham Asylum in DC Comics, created by Alan Grant. Arkham was created in 1992, and slowly "lost his mind" during his time in the Arkham Asylum, the fictional psychiatric hospital for the criminally insane, subsequently becoming the second Black Mask. Though described as a sadist, Arkham seems to believe his intentions are for the benefit of his patients.

Alan Grant (writer)
Alan Grant (7 February 1949 – 20 July 2022) was a Scottish comic book writer known for writing Judge Dredd in 2000 AD as well as various Batman titles from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. He was the co-creator of the characters Anarky, Victor Zsasz, and the Ventriloquist.
Mitō, Yamaguchi
Mitō (美東町, Mitō-chō) was a town located in Mine District, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 1, 2004, the town had an estimated population of 6,198 and a population density of 47.9 persons per km2. The total area was 129.49 km2.

On March 21, 2008, Mitō, along with the town of Shūhō (also from Mine District), was merged into the expanded city of Mine.

Mine District, Yamaguchi
Mine District (美祢郡, Mine-gun) was a district located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

On March 20, 2008, the day before its dissolution, the district consisted solely of the towns of Mitō (美東町) and Shūhō (秋芳町).
Kita-Senju Station
Kita-Senju Station (北千住駅, Kitasenju-eki) (lit. "North Senju station") is a major interchange railway station in the Senju district of  Adachi, Tokyo, Japan. Kita-Senju is the third-busiest station on the Tokyo Metro network, after Ikebukuro and Otemachi. It is the tenth-busiest JR East station.

Hibiya Line
The Hibiya Line (日比谷線, Hibiya-sen) is a subway line in Tokyo, Japan, owned and operated by Tokyo Metro. The line was named after the Hibiya area in Chiyoda's Yurakucho district, under which it passes. On maps, diagrams and signboards, the line is shown using the color silver, and its stations are given numbers using the letter "H".
Les Devonshire
Leslie Ernest Devonshire (13 June 1926 – 19 December 2012) was an English professional footballer who made 127 appearances in The Football League for Chester and Crystal Palace between 1950 and 1955. His son, Alan Devonshire, was capped by England.

Alan Devonshire
Alan Ernest Devonshire (born 13 April 1956) is an English former professional footballer who was most recently the manager of Maidenhead United. He was a wide midfielder who played for West Ham United, with whom he won the FA Cup in 1980, and Watford, where he finished his career in 1992. Devonshire won eight caps for England between 1980 and 1983. He subsequently became manager of Maidenhead United (two spells), Hampton & Richmond Borough and Braintree Town.
9th Moscow International Film Festival
The 9th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 10 to 23 July 1975. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Polish film The Promised Land directed by Andrzej Wajda, the Soviet-Japanese film Dersu Uzala directed by Akira Kurosawa and the Italian film We All Loved Each Other So Much directed by Ettore Scola.

We All Loved Each Other So Much
We All Loved Each Other So Much (Italian: C'eravamo tanto amati) is a 1974 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Ettore Scola, who co-wrote the screenplay with screenwriting duo Age & Scarpelli. It stars Nino Manfredi, Vittorio Gassman, Stefania Sandrelli, Stefano Satta Flores, Giovanna Ralli and Aldo Fabrizi. Widely considered one of the best films by Scola, and a notable example of commedia all'italiana, it was dedicated to Italian director Vittorio De Sica. In 2008, the film was included on the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage's 100 Italian films to be saved, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978."
USS Grayling (SSN-646)
USS Grayling (SSN-646), a Sturgeon-class attack submarine, was the fifth ship of the United States Navy to be named for the grayling. Her keel was laid down in 1964, and she was launched just over three years later, and commissioned in 1969. She was involved in the submarine incident off Kola Peninsula on 20 March 1993, when she collided with the Russian Navy submarine Novomoskovsk. She was decommissioned in 1997, and disposed of a year later.

Sturgeon-class submarine
The Sturgeon class (known colloquially in naval circles as the 637 class) was a class of thirty-seven nuclear-powered fast attack submarines (SSN) in service with the United States Navy from the 1960s until 2004. They were the "workhorses" of the Navy's attack submarine fleet throughout much of the Cold War.  The boats were phased out in the 1990s and early 21st century, as their successors, the Los Angeles, followed by the Seawolf and Virginia-class boats, entered service.
V-2 rocket facilities of World War II
Nazi Germany's V-2 rocket facilities were military installations associated with Nazi Germany's V-2 SRBM ballistic missile, including bunkers and launch pads used to construct, store, and launch the V-2. Examples included La Coupole a bunker used to protect large stores of V-2's before launch, and Peenemünde Army Research Center, used for the main testing and development of the V-2.

Most major sites still remain in some capacity, though most are decrepit, with concrete structures being the only reliably surviving sections of the facilities. Additionally, most of the facilities surviving in good condition are either research or testing facilities, with production or launch facilities being heavily targeted by Allied bombing.

Mittelwerk
Mittelwerk ([ˈmɪtl̩.vɛʁk]; German for "Central Works") was a German World War II factory built underground in the Kohnstein to avoid Allied bombing. It used slave labor from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp to produce V-2 ballistic missiles, V-1 flying bombs, and other weapons.
Amfikleia
Amfikleia (Greek: Αμφίκλεια, before 1915: Δαδί - Dadi) is a town and a former municipality in Phthiotis, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Amfikleia-Elateia, of which it is a municipal unit.
The municipal unit has an area of 229.366 km2, the community 108.124 km2. At the 2021 census, the population of the municipal unit was 2,996 and of the community 2,157. The town is situated at the northern foot of Mount Parnassus, in the valley of the river Cephissus. It is 11 km northwest of Kato Tithorea and 31 km southeast of Lamia. Greek National Road 3 (Thebes - Lamia) passes through the town. The town is served by a railway station with connections on the Athens–Thessaloniki railway.

Kato Tithorea
Kato Tithorea (Greek: Κάτω Τιθορέα, Lower Tithorea) is a town in Phthiotis, in central Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Amfikleia-Elateia, of which it is the seat. It has a population 1,841 according to the 2011 Greek census. It is situated on the right bank of the river Cephissus and between the Parnassus and Kallidromo mountains, 11 km east of Amfikleia and 24 km northwest of Livadeia. Nearby places includes Panagitsa (northeast), Agia Paraskevi (southeast) and Tithorea (southwest).
Ramona Forever
Ramona Forever is a humorous children's novel written by Beverly Cleary. The seventh book in the Ramona Quimby series, continues the story of Ramona, her older sister, Beezus, and their family. They are finally old enough to stay home together, and they work hard to get along. Mrs. Quimby is expecting a baby and Aunt Bea gets engaged in a book that sees Ramona coping with growing up. It was originally published in 1984.

Ramona (novel series)
The Ramona books are a series of eight children's novels by Beverly Cleary that center on Ramona Quimby, her family and friends. The first book, Beezus and Ramona, appeared in 1955. The final book, Ramona's World, was published in 1999. Two books in the series were named Newbery Honor books, Ramona and Her Father and Ramona Quimby, Age 8. Ramona and Her Mother received the National Book Award. Sometimes known as the Beezus and Ramona series, as of 2012, the books were being marketed by HarperCollins as "The Complete Ramona Collection".
Amanda Black
Amanda Benedicta Antony (born 24 July 1993), known professionally as Amanda Black, is a South African singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Gcuwa, her career began in 1999 at the age of 6 singing in church choirs. Amanda was a contestant on Idols South Africa season 11. Black relocated to  Johannesburg in 2016 to pursue her music career. She signed a record deal with Ambitiouz Entertainment  in 2016 and achieved recognition in the same year following the release of her hit single "Amazulu", which was nominated for several music awards.

Her debut studio album Amazulu (2016), was commercially successful and won "Album of the Year", "Best Newcomer of the Year," "Best Female Artist of the Year" and "Best R&B Soul/Reggae Album". In 2019, she was named the most-streamed artist on Apple Music.

Amanda's third studio album, Mnyama was released in 2021. It was preceded by two singles; "Kutheni Na" and "Let It Go".

Ambitiouz Entertainment
Ambitiouz Entertainment is a South African independent record label owned and founded by Kgosi Mahumapelo. The label was founded in April 2015 and houses notable acts including Emtee Da Hustler, Sjava and Blaq Diamond.
Kanako Inuki
Kanako Inuki (犬木 加奈子, Inuki Kanako; born 28 November 1958) is a Japanese manga writer and illustrator.

Inuki was born in Hokkaidō and moved to Tokyo as a young girl.  Starting out with an interest in manga she began to draw and write for horror manga. Her first published work was the short story Orusuban in 1987, which was published in a special edition of the shōjo manga magazine Shōjo Friend which was compiled by Kazuo Umezu. She was then a part of the 1990s boom in the horror genre in the Japanese manga market, becoming one of the leading authors and publishing in magazines like Horror House, Horror M, Suspiria and Suspense & Horror. Her work is characterized by a rich style of terror, influenced by folklore, tradition and the moralising ironic humor. She has been called the "Queen of the Horror Manga".

Suspense & Horror
Suspense & Horror (サスペンス & ホラー, Sasupensu ando Horā) was a series of special issues of the Shōjo Friend (少女フレンド, Shōjo Furendo) and later of the Bessatsu Friend (別冊フレンド, Bessatsu Furendo), Dessert (デザート, Dezāto) and Kiss (キス, Kisu) manga magazines dedicated to works in the horror and thriller genres. The specific label for manga serialized in the magazine was KC Friend: Suspense & Horror.
Duff Cooper
Alfred Duff Cooper, 1st Viscount Norwich, GCMG, DSO, PC (22 February 1890 – 1 January 1954), known as Duff Cooper, was a British Conservative Party politician and diplomat who was also a military and political historian and writer.

First elected to Parliament in 1924, he lost his seat in 1929 but returned to Parliament in the 1931 Westminster St George's by-election, which was seen as a referendum on Stanley Baldwin's leadership of the Conservative Party. He later served in the Cabinet as Secretary of State for War and First Lord of the Admiralty. He resigned from the cabinet over the Munich Agreement of 1938.

When Winston Churchill became prime minister in May 1940, he named Cooper as Minister of Information. In 1941, as a member of the Cabinet, Cooper served as British Minister in Singapore before its fall to the Japanese. He later served an important role as representative to Charles de Gaulle's Free France (1943–1944) and ambassador to France from 1944 to 1948.

Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Information (MOI), headed by the Minister of Information, was a United Kingdom government department created briefly at the end of the First World War and again during the Second World War. Located in Senate House at the University of London during the 1940s, it was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda. The MOI was dissolved in March 1946, with its residual functions passing to the Central Office of Information (COI); which was itself dissolved in December 2011 due to the reforming of the organisation of government communications.
History of the Jews in Udmurtia and Tatarstan
The Udmurt and Tatar Jews are a special ethnocultural group of Ashkenazi Jews, which originally formed in the areas of the mixed Turkic-speaking (Volga Tatars, Kryashens, Bashkirs, Anatris), Finno-Ugric-speaking (Udmurts, Eastern Maris), and Slavic-speaking (Russians) population. From 1807, Jewish people also began to reside in the industrial and administrative centers of Sarapulsky Uezd (predominantly in Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul). Until this time the Jews in this region lived only in Kazan (from the 18th century). The occurrence of Jewish communities in the region was made possible only after the decree of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia on August 26, 1827, on the introduction of conscription for the Jews (see Cantonists).

The Ashkenazi Jews first appeared on the territory of the Udmurt Republic in the 1830s. They began to live on the territory of Tatarstan in the same period of time.

Sarapul
Sarapul (Udmurt and Russian: Сара́пул) is a city and a river port in the Udmurt Republic, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kama River, 66 kilometers (41 mi) southeast of Izhevsk, the capital of the republic. Population:  101,381 (2010 Census); 103,141 (2002 Census); 110,381 (1989 Soviet census).
Gerald Harris
Gerald Harris (born November 19, 1979) is an American retired mixed martial artist who most recently fought in Bellator. He was a cast member of Spike TV's The Ultimate Fighter 7 and has also competed in World Series of Fighting, the UFC, DREAM, the Portland Wolfpack in the IFL, Shark Fights, Tachi Palace Fights, and Legacy Fighting Championship.

David Branch (fighter)
David Branch (born September 26, 1981) is an American former mixed martial artist who competed as a middleweight. A professional competitor since 2007, he has fought for the UFC, World Series of Fighting, Bellator, Shark Fights, and Titan FC. Branch is the former WSOF Light Heavyweight Champion and WSOF Middleweight Champion.
Mark Felt: The Man Who Brought Down the White House
Mark Felt: The Man Who Brought Down the White House is a 2017 American biographical political thriller film written and directed by Peter Landesman, and based on the 2006 autobiography of FBI agent Mark Felt, written with John O'Connor. The film depicts how Felt became the anonymous source nicknamed "Deep Throat" for reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein and helped them in their investigation of the Watergate scandal, which resulted in the resignation of President Richard Nixon.

The film stars Liam Neeson, Diane Lane, Tony Goldwyn, and Maika Monroe. It premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, and was theatrically released on September 29, 2017, by Sony Pictures Classics. It is also the fourth film on the Watergate scandal, following All the President's Men (1976), The Final Days (1989), and Dick (1999).

Bob Woodward
Robert Upshur Woodward (born March 26, 1943) is an American investigative journalist. He started working for The Washington Post as a reporter in 1971 and now holds the honorific title of associate editor there, though the Post no longer employs him.

While a reporter for The Washington Post in 1972, Woodward teamed up with Carl Bernstein, and the two did much of the original news reporting on the Watergate scandal. These scandals led to numerous government investigations and the eventual resignation of President Richard Nixon. The work of Woodward and Bernstein was called "maybe the single greatest reporting effort of all time" by longtime journalist and former editor of The New York Times Gene Roberts.

Woodward continued to work for The Washington Post after his reporting on Watergate. Since 1974, he has written 21 books on American politics and current affairs, 14 of which have topped best-seller lists.
God Friended Me
God Friended Me is an American comedy-drama television series created by Steven Lilien and Bryan Wynbrandt. It stars Brandon Micheal Hall, Violett Beane, Suraj Sharma, Javicia Leslie, Joe Morton and Erica Gimpel. The series was ordered on May 11, 2018 and premiered on September 30, 2018, and concluded with a two-hour series finale on April 26, 2019, on CBS. CBS renewed the series for a second season which premiered on September 29, 2019. In March 2020, season 2 filming was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In April 2020, the series was canceled after two seasons.

Suraj Sharma
Suraj Sharma (born 21 March 1993) is an Indian actor who made his debut in the 2012 film Life of Pi. Directed by Ang Lee, the film was adapted from the novel of the same name, and earned Sharma critical acclaim as well as a BAFTA Rising Star Award nomination. In 2014, he portrayed Aayan Ibrahim in season 4 of the Showtime series Homeland. From 2018 to 2020, he starred as Rakesh Singh in the CBS comedy-drama series God Friended Me.
Archdiocese of Genoa
The Archdiocese of Genoa (Latin: Archidioecesis Ianuensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy. Erected in the 3rd century, it was elevated to an archdiocese on 20 March 1133. The archdiocese of Genoa was, in 1986, united with the Diocese of Bobbio-San Colombano, forming the Archdiocese of Genoa-Bobbio; however a split in 1989 renamed it the "Archdiocese of Genoa."

The Archdiocese of Genoa is a metropolitan archdiocese, the suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province are the Diocese of Albenga-Imperia, Diocese of Chiavari, Diocese of La Spezia-Sarzana-Brugnato, Diocese of Savona-Noli, Diocese of Tortona, and Diocese of Ventimiglia-San Remo.

Diocese of Savona-Noli
Not to be confused with Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Pitigliano-Sovana-Orbetello § Bishops_of_Sovana.
Not to be confused with Roman Catholic Diocese of Sagone.

The Diocese of Savona-Noli (Latin: Dioecesis Savonensis-Naulensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy. It was historically the Diocese of Savona, from the tenth century. In 1820 the Diocese of Noli was united to the Diocese of Savona. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Genoa.
April Palmieri
April Palmieri is an American photographer and musician who performed with a 12-piece all-woman percussion band, Pulsallama.  During the early 1980s, the band played at such venues as the Mudd Club, the Pyramid, Danceteria, and Club 57 in New York's East Village. Palmieri's photography from this era, including of Keith Haring and John Sex, has been included in an exhibition at the Tate Liverpool and an exhibition at the  Museum of Modern Art (MoMA).

Pulsallama
Pulsallama was an all-woman, no wave band from New York. Described as "13 girls fighting over a cowbell," the post-punk group was primarily a percussion ensemble with two bass guitars and several vocalists. The band was formed in early 1981 from the Ladies Auxiliary of the Lower East Side, a performance art group that had its beginnings at Club 57. Ann Magnuson, Wendy Wild, and April Palmieri were among the members of the band.

Pulsallama toured the United Kingdom and the U.S. East Coast, opening for The Clash during their Combat Rock tour. The video for Pulsallama's 1982 song "The Devil Lives in my Husband's Body" was in rotation on MTV. Pulsallama released two singles with Y Records, one in 1982 and one in 1983. Their sole full-length album was never released and they played their last show in July 1983. A seven-song self-titled EP, originally recorded for a French radio broadcast, was released in 2020.
Frederick I of Württemberg
Frederick I (Frederick William Charles, German: Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816) was the ruler of Württemberg from 1797 to his death. He was the last duke of Württemberg (as Frederick III) from 1797 to 1803 and then the only elector of Württemberg from 1803 to 1806. With the approval of Napoleon, he became the first king of Württemberg in 1806.

Electorate of Württemberg
The Electorate of Württemberg was a short-lived state of the Holy Roman Empire on the right bank of the Rhine. In 1803, the Imperial diet raised the Duchy of Württemberg to an Electorate, the highest form of a princedom in the Holy Roman Empire. However, soon afterward, on 1 January 1806, the last Elector assumed the title of King of Württemberg. Later, the last Emperor, Francis II, abolished de facto the empire on 6 August 1806.
Lorie (singer)
Laure Monique Pester (born 2 May 1982), known professionally as Lorie, is a French pop singer. She has sold over 8 million albums and singles worldwide as of December 2007. Her first studio album Près de toi was certified triple platinum in France and she followed it with five other certified albums.

Lorie is also an actress, who lent her voice for many French versions of international movies including Stuart Little 2. She stars in the TF1 TV film De feu et de glace, and guest-starred as a Parisian model on the American soap opera The Young and the Restless. She has also launched a clothing line, "Lorie", only found in the Z stores in France. Her contract with Z ended in early 2009.

Près de toi
Près de toi ("Next To You") is French pop singer Lorie's triple-platinum debut album. It was released on October 30, 2001. On April 29, 2002, a special limited edition of the album was released with new packaging and extra tracks. Starting from September 20, 2004, the original album was sold jointly with the singer's second album, Tendrement.