hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Bard (philanthropist)
John Bard (June 2, 1819 – February 12, 1899) was an American philanthropist who, along with his wife, Margaret Taylor Johnston, founded Bard College in New York, which was then known as St. Stephen's College, in order to train Episcopal Church ministers.

Bard College
Bard College is a private liberal arts college in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York, United States. The campus overlooks the Hudson River and Catskill Mountains within the Hudson River Historic District and is a National Historic Landmark.

Founded in 1860, the institution consists of a liberal arts college and a conservatory. The college offers undergraduate and graduate programs. It participates in a network of many affiliated programs internationally.
Wright Modlin
Wright Modlin or Wright Maudlin (1797–1866) helped enslaved people escape slavery, whether transporting them between Underground Railroad stations or traveling south to find people that he could deliver directly to Michigan. Modlin and his Underground Railroad partner, William Holden Jones, traveled to the Ohio River and into Kentucky to assist enslave people on their journey north. Due to their success, angry slaveholders instigated the Kentucky raid on Cass County of 1847. Two years later, he helped free his neighbors, the David and Lucy Powell family, who had been captured by their former slaveholder. Tried in South Bend, Indiana, the case was called The South Bend Fugitive Slave Case.

Kentucky raid in Cass County (1847)
The Kentucky raid in Cass County was conducted by slaveholders and slave catchers who raided Underground Railroad stations in Cass County, Michigan to capture black people and return them to slavery. After unsuccessful attempts, and a lost court case, the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was enacted. Michigan's Personal Liberty Act of 1855 was passed in the state legislature to prevent the capture of formerly enslaved people that would return them to slavery.
Sanyo PHC-10
The Sanyo PHC-10 is a small, battery-operated microcomputer produced by Sanyo. It was announced in mid-1982 alongside the similarly-styled PHC-20 and PHC-25 and is the cheapest and most basic model of the three.

Sanyo PHC-20
The Sanyo PHC-20 is a home computer released by Sanyo in 1982 and a member of the concurrently-launched Sanyo PHC-10, PHC-20 and PHC-25 family.

The PHC-20 sits between the PHC-10 and PHC-25 in terms of price and capability and features a monochrome display output and a simple, integer-only implementation of BASIC.
Tennessee State Route 52
State Route 52 (SR 52) is an east–west state highway that crosses nine counties in northern and northeastern Tennessee. The 141.4-mile-long (227.6 km) route originates in Orlinda along SR 49 and ends in Elgin along U.S. Route 27 (US 27).

SR 52 is mostly a primary route, but becomes secondary west of I-65. Between Celina and Livingston it is part of Corridor J of the Appalachian Development Highway System.

Orlinda, Tennessee
Orlinda is a city in Robertson County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 947 at the 2020 census, the community became a city in February 2001. The City of Orlinda conducted its own, independent census 2007. The results of that census were submitted to the State of Tennessee, which conducted a review and random sample before officially certifying the results, which it did in May 2007.

The Mayor of Orlinda is Tabitha Swearingen and the City Manager is Kevin Breeding.
Alphen aan den Rijn
Alphen aan den Rijn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑlfə(n) aːn də(n) ˈrɛin] ⓘ; English: "Alphen upon Rhine" or "Alphen on the Rhine") is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The city is situated on the banks of the river Oude Rijn (Old Rhine), where the river Gouwe branches off. The municipality had a population of 112,587 in 2021, and covers an area of 132.50 km2 (51.16 sq mi) of which 6.27 km2 (2.42 sq mi) is water.

The municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn also includes the communities of Aarlanderveen, Benthuizen, Boskoop, Hazerswoude-Dorp, Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, Koudekerk aan den Rijn and Zwammerdam. The city is located in what is called the 'Green Heart' of the Netherlands, which is a somewhat less densely populated centre area of the Randstad.

The name "Alphen" is probably derived from the name of the Roman fort Albaniana, meaning "settlement at the white water". Its remains still lie underneath the city centre.

Hazerswoude-Dorp
Hazerswoude-Dorp is a village in the west of the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn,  South Holland, about 7 km southwest of the town of Alphen aan den Rijn.

Hazerswoude-Dorp is a peat excavation settlement which developed in the Middle Ages. It turned into a linear settlement along the dike on the Oude Rijn. A circular canal was dug around the view to prevent a prolapse of the village.

The Dutch Reformed church is a single aisled cruciform church. The tower dates from 1646 as a replacement of its medieval predecessor. The church itself was built in 1658.
Rama Cont
Rama Cont is  the  Statutory Professor of Mathematical Finance at the  
University of Oxford.

He is known for contributions to probability theory, stochastic analysis and mathematical modelling in finance, in particular for his work on pathwise methods in stochastic analysis and mathematical models of systemic risk.
He was awarded the Louis Bachelier Prize  by the French Academy of Sciences in 2010.

Louis Bachelier Prize
The Louis Bachelier Prize is a biennial prize in applied mathematics jointly awarded by the London Mathematical Society, the Natixis Foundation for Quantitative Research and the Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles (SMAI) in recognition for "exceptional contributions to mathematical modelling in finance, insurance, risk management and/or scientific computing applied to finance and insurance."

The prize is named in honor of French mathematician Louis Bachelier, a pioneer in the field of probability and its use in financial modeling.
Leonel de Cervantes y Caravajal
Leonel de Cervantes y Caravajal (died 1637) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Antequera (1636–1637), Bishop of Guadalajara (1629–1636), Bishop of Santiago de Cuba (1625–1629), and Bishop of Santa Marta (1621–1625).

Archdiocese of Guadalajara
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara (Latin: Archidioecesis Guadalaiarensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church based in the Mexican city of Guadalajara, Jalisco. It currently covers an area of 20,827 km² (8,044 squar miles).  The diocese was erected on 13 July 1548 on territory split off from then Diocese of Michoacán, elevated to Archdiocese on 26 January 1863, and is the Metropolitan see of the suffragan sees of Aguascalientes, Autlán, Ciudad Guzmán, Colima, Jesús Maria del Nayar (a Territorial Prelature), San Juan de los Lagos and Tepic.
Ispade Rajavum Idhaya Raniyum
Ispade Rajavum Idhaya Raniyum (transl. King of Spades and Queen of Hearts) is a 2019 Indian Tamil language romance film by Ranjit Jeyakodi. The film stars Harish Kalyan and Shilpa Manjunath, while Ma Ka Pa Anand, Bala Saravanan, Suresh, and Ponvannan act in the supporting roles. Sam C. S. composed the film's soundtrack and score, while cinematography is handled by Kavin Raj and editing is done by Bavan Sreekumar. The film was released on 15 March 2019 to mixed-to-positive reviews and become a box office hit.

Harish Kalyan
Harish Kalyan (born 29 June 1990) is an Indian actor who primarily works in Tamil cinema. He made his acting debut in 2010 with the film Sindhu Samaveli and gained recognition for his roles in Poriyaalan (2014), Vil Ambu (2016), Pyaar Prema Kaadhal (2018), Parking (2023) and Lubber Pandhu (2024). He has won the Edison Awards three times.
Dylan Gelula
Dylan Nicole Gelula (born May 7, 1994) is an American actress who is best known for her role of Xanthippe on Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, as well as for her work in independent films. Gelula made her film debut as the lead actress in romantic drama film First Girl I Loved (2016) and has since acted in the films Flower (2017), Support the Girls (2018), Her Smell (2018), Shithouse (2020), and Dream Scenario (2023), and Smile 2 (2024).

Dream Scenario
Dream Scenario is a 2023 American surreal satirical comedy-drama film written, directed, and edited by Kristoffer Borgli. It stars Nicolas Cage as a mild-mannered university professor whose life is thrown into turmoil when people begin telling him that he keeps appearing in their dreams. Julianne Nicholson, Michael Cera, Tim Meadows, Dylan Gelula, and Dylan Baker also star. The film was produced by Ari Aster, Lars Knudsen, Cage, Jacob Jaffke, and Tyler Campellone.

Dream Scenario premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 9, 2023, and began a limited theatrical release by A24 on November 10 before expanding on November 22. It grossed $12.4 million at the box office and received positive reviews, being nominated for awards such as a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for Cage.
Dinosaur Train
Dinosaur Train is an animated children's television series aimed at children ages 3 to 6 and created by Craig Bartlett, who also created Nickelodeon's Hey Arnold!. The series features an anthropomorphic orange Tyrannosaurus rex named Buddy who, together with the rest of his family, who are all Pteranodons, takes the Dinosaur Train to explore the Mesozoic, and have adventures with a variety of dinosaurs. It is produced by The Jim Henson Company, the Infocomm Media Development Authority (formerly the Media Development Authority), Sparky Animation, FableVision, Snee-Oosh, Inc., and Tail Waggin' Productions in association with Reel FX and Sea to Sky Entertainment. A film based on the series for Universal Pictures and Universal 1440 Entertainment titled, Dinosaur Train: Adventure Island premiered on April 12, 2021.

A revival is currently in the works at the Jim Henson Company.

Sparky Animation
Sparky Animation is a Singaporean animation company. The company produces 3D animation content for worldwide markets. It also develops original titles and merchandises them globally through international licences. Their research department also develops CGI production tools and systems. The company is also a film distributor in Asia.
North American plate
The North American plate is a tectonic plate containing most of North America, Cuba, the Bahamas, extreme northeastern Asia, and parts of Iceland and the Azores. With an area of 76 million km2 (29 million sq mi), it is the Earth's second largest tectonic plate, behind the Pacific plate (which borders the plate to the west).

It extends eastward to the seismically active Mid-Atlantic Ridge at the Azores triple junction plate boundary where it meets the Eurasian plate and Nubian plate.
and westward to the Chersky Range in eastern Siberia. The plate includes both continental and oceanic crust. The interior of the main continental landmass includes an extensive granitic core called a craton. Along most of the edges of this craton are fragments of crustal material called terranes, which are accreted to the craton by tectonic actions over a long span of time. Much of North America west of the Rocky Mountains is composed of such terranes.

Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, the ridge separates the North American from the Eurasian plate and the African plate, north and south of the Azores triple junction. In the South Atlantic, it separates the African and South American plates. The ridge extends from a junction with the Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge) northeast of Greenland southward to the Bouvet triple junction in the South Atlantic. Although the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is mostly an underwater feature, portions of it have enough elevation to extend above sea level, for example in Iceland. The ridge has an average spreading rate of about 2.5 centimetres (1 in) per year.
The Friends of Distinction
The Friends of Distinction were an American vocal group founded by Harry Elston and Floyd Butler, best known for their 1969 RIAA-certified Gold hits "Grazing in the Grass" and "Going in Circles" and the 1970 hit "Love or Let Me Be Lonely", with all three reaching the Hot 100's top 15.

Love or Let Me Be Lonely
"Love or Let Me Be Lonely" is a pop song recorded by the soul group The Friends of Distinction and released as a single in early 1970. The song was a multi-format success, peaking at #6 on the Billboard Hot 100 on May 1, 1970.  It also reached #13 on the R&B chart, and #9 on the Adult Contemporary singles chart.
The song is ranked as No. 63 on the Hot 100 singles of 1970.

The song was written by Skip Scarborough, Jerry Peters and Anita Poree. The Friends of Distinction version features Charlene Gibson singing the lead vocals. In the lyrics, the singer is unsure of her future with her love interest. She wants a full commitment; either love her fully or she'd rather be lonely. "Part time love, I can find any day," she sings.
Himalayacetus
Himalayacetus is an extinct genus of carnivorous aquatic mammal of the family Ambulocetidae.  The holotype was found in Himachal Pradesh, India, (31°00′N 77°00′E﻿ / ﻿31.0°N 77.0°E﻿ / 31.0; 77.0: paleocoordinates 3°30′N 69°42′E﻿ / ﻿3.5°N 69.7°E﻿ / 3.5; 69.7) in what was the remnants of the ancient Tethys Ocean during the Early Eocene.  This makes Himalayacetus the oldest archaeocete known, extending the fossil record of whales some 3.5 million years.

Himalayacetus lived in the ancient coastline of the ancient Tethys Ocean before the Indian Plate had collided with the Cimmerian coast. Like Gandakasia, Himalayacetus is only known from a single jaw fragment, making comparisons to other ambulocetids difficult.

Gandakasia
Gandakasia is an extinct genus of ambulocetid from Pakistan, that lived in the Eocene epoch. It probably caught its prey near rivers or streams. Just like Himalayacetus, Gandakasia is only known from a single jaw fragment, making comparisons to other ambulocetids difficult due to the lack of material. Gandakasia probably inhabited a freshwater niche similar to the pakicetids.
Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú, 10th Marquis of Villaverde
Don Cristóbal Martínez-Bordiú y Ortega, 10th Marquess of Villaverde (1 August 1922 – 4 February 1998) was a Spanish aristocrat, the son-in-law of dictator Francisco Franco, and a heart surgeon. In Spanish, his peerage is written El X Marqués de Villaverde (English: The 10th Marquess of Villaverde).

Francis Franco
Francisco de Asís "Francis" Franco y Martínez-Bordiú, 11th Marquess of Villaverde (born 9 December 1954), is a Spanish aristocrat and manager of several business associations. Besides his real estate businesses, he owns many parking spaces in Madrid. He is the grandson of Spanish dictator Francisco Franco.
Mount Victoria (Wellington hill)
Mount Victoria, also known as Matairangi and colloquially as Mt Vic, is a prominent 196-metre (643 ft) hill immediately to the east of central Wellington, New Zealand. About 4 kilometres due south is a spur named Mount Albert and the two are linked by a ridge. Mount Victoria gives its name to the suburb of Mount Victoria to the west. It is bounded by the suburbs of Oriental Bay to the north, Roseneath and Hataitai to the east and Newtown to the south of the suburb of Mount Victoria. Constable Street, Newtown and Wellington Road, Hataitai mark the southern boundary.

Wellington Town Belt
Wellington town belt and Outer green belt is a pair of strips of tree-filled wilderness spaces near and around central Wellington, New Zealand's capital city. The inner strip, the town belt, is an elongated U-shape. It was set aside by the city's founders in 1840. It is now about two-thirds of its original area. Portions have been repurposed for various mostly-public purposes, including Wellington Hospital, Victoria University of Wellington, Government House, Wellington Zoo, Wellington College, the Wellington Botanic Garden, and a range of other parks and recreational areas.
78th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 78th Infantry Division, also known as the Battleaxe Division, was an infantry division of the British Army, raised during the Second World War that fought, with great distinction, in Tunisia, Sicily and Italy from late 1942–1945.

11 Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 11th Brigade is a brigade of the British Army which is transitioning to the tactical recce-strike role. The brigade was formerly the 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade, providing training and guidance for foreign militaries.

Originally formed in the Second Boer War, the brigade was engaged during both World Wars, and deployed to Afghanistan.
Aristede Dejoie
Aristede Dejoie (died 1917) was a businessman and state legislator in Louisiana. He served as a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1872 to 1874 and 1877 to 1879.

He also served as a tax assessor. He and T. B. Stamps asserted their civil rights by purchasing tickets to the dress circle at the St. Charles Theatre in New Orleans in 1875. He was secretary of the Cosmopolitan Insurance Association.

T. B. Stamps
T. B. Stamps (March 10, 1846 - November 27, 1898) was a businessman, coroner, and newspaper editor who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Maine State Route 162
State Route 162 (SR 162) is a 16.8-mile-long (27.0 km) state route in Maine, United States, from SR 161 near Sinclair to U.S. Route 1 (US 1) in Frenchville. Part of SR 162 runs along the shore of Long Lake. SR 161 can be used as a connector towards Madawaska and other local areas.

Maine State Route 161
State Route 161 (SR 161) is part of Maine's system of numbered state highways.  It runs 86 miles (138 km) from Fort Fairfield to Allagash.  It begins at the Fort Fairfield–Andover Border Crossing along the Canada–US border to Dickey Road near the confluence of the Allagash and Saint John rivers.

SR 161 runs through the communities of Fort Fairfield, Caribou, Woodland, New Sweden, Stockholm, New Canada, Fort Kent, St. John, St. Francis, and Allagash.

Most of the portion that runs through Caribou has been re-routed, due to a bypass that was completed in 2012.  The two-lane bypass now carries SR 161, and the old portion that runs through downtown Caribou has been re-signed as SR 161B.
Buarth-y-Gaer
Buarth-y-Gaer (pronounced [ˈbɪ.arθ ə ɡɑːɨr]) is an Iron Age hillfort or enclosure on the summit of Mynydd-y-Gaer, 300 m (980 ft) above sea level. It is in Briton Ferry community, near Neath, in Neath Port Talbot, South Wales. A large hilltop enclosure is bounded by a single bank and ditch. Within the enclosed area is a Bronze Age burial mound.

Mynydd-y-Gaer
Mynydd-y-Gaer is a hill that sits on the boundaries between the South Wales communities of Baglan (south-western quarter), Cwmavon (south-eastern quarter) and Briton Ferry, (northern half), all within Neath Port Talbot county borough. The summit, at 314 m (1,030 ft), has grassland fields subdivided by dry stone walls. Foel Fynyddau lies 2 km to east. To the south is the coastal plain of the Bristol Channel. To the West is the Vale of Neath. To the north is the Crythan Brook and the town of Neath. It has numerous prehistoric monuments, and evidence of occupation in medieval times, as well as 19th and 20th century coalmining.
Selenga Highlands
The Selenga Highlands (Russian: Селенгинское среднегорье) are a mountainous area in Buryatia and the southwestern end of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia.

The Highlands are named after the Selenga River. Protected areas in the Highlands include the Baikal Nature Reserve and the Altacheysky Reserve.

Ulan-Burgas
Ulan-Burgas (Russian: Улан-Бургасы; Buryat: Улаан бургааhан, from улаан - "red", and бургааһан, "small birch" or "shrub"), is a mountain range in Buryatia, Russia.

The range is located close to Ulan-Ude, the capital of Buryatia.
Carbylamine reaction
The carbylamine reaction (also known as the Hoffmann isocyanide synthesis) is the synthesis of an isocyanide by the reaction of a primary amine, chloroform, and base. The conversion involves the intermediacy of dichlorocarbene.

Illustrative is the synthesis of tert-butyl isocyanide from tert-butylamine in the presence of catalytic amount of the phase transfer catalyst benzyltriethylammonium chloride.

Me3CNH2 + CHCl3 + 3 NaOH → Me3CNC + 3 NaCl + 3 H2O

Similar reactions have been reported for aniline. It is used to prepare secondary amines.

Isocyanide
An isocyanide (also called isonitrile or carbylamine) is an organic compound with the functional group –N+≡C−. It is the isomer of the related nitrile (–C≡N), hence the prefix is isocyano. The organic fragment is connected to the isocyanide group through the nitrogen atom, not via the carbon. They are used as building blocks for the synthesis of other compounds.
Dudley Leslie
Dudley Leslie (1905–1998) was a British screenwriter and playwright. He was on the jury for the 1958 Cannes Film Festival.

He co-wrote the 1948 play The Human Touch with J. Lee Thompson. He was married to the writer Audrey Erskine-Lindop with whom he collaborated a number of times.

The Human Touch
The Human Touch is a play by Dudley Leslie and J. Lee Thompson.

After premiering at the Liverpool Playhouse in May 1948, it later had a West End run of 113 performances at the Savoy Theatre between February and June 1949. The cast included Alec Guinness, John Gregson, John Laurie, Milton Rosmer, Kynaston Reeves, Sophie Stewart and Adrienne Corri. Guinness starred as a doctor who pioneers the use of chloroform as an anaesthetic during operations, but meets with huge resistance from established medical figures.

Variety called it "an interesting study".

A TV version with James Donald was shot at Elstree in 1952. On April 15, 1956, a televised adaptation was shown on Front Row Center on CBS.
Alain Terrenoire
Alain Terrenoire (born 14 June 1941 in Lyon) is a French lawyer and politician (UNR party), a former Member of the National Assembly of France, a former Member of the European Parliament, and since 2004 the incumbent President of the Paneuropean Union. He is a former French delegate to the United Nations General Assembly.

He is the son of Louis Terrenoire, a former cabinet minister in the government of Charles de Gaulle.

Louis Terrenoire
Louis Terrenoire (French pronunciation: [lwi tɛʁnwaʁ]; 10 November 1908, Lyon – 9 January 1992) was a French politician from Union for the New Republic. He was Member of Parliament for Orne's 1st constituency and served as Minister of Information between 1960 and 1961.
Eskişehir Zoo
Eskişehir Zoo (Turkish: Eskişehir Hayvanat Bahçesi) is an animal park in Eskişehir, Turkey.

The zoo is in the Sazova Park, the main science, culture and art park of Eskişehir at 39°46′05″N 30°28′35″E﻿ / ﻿39.76806°N 30.47639°E﻿ / 39.76806; 30.47639. It is in Tepebaşı ilçe (district). It was opened in April 2017 by the Metropolitan municipality of Eskişehir after two-year construction. It is sponsored by the Eskişehir-based Eti company. The zoo covers and area of 58 decares (0.058 km2; 0.022 sq mi). There are two closed areas, one reserved for the aquarium, so called Undersea world (Turkish: Sualtı Dünyası)and the other is a house of birds, reptiles, amphibians and arthropoda from the warm regions. Most of the land animals have their yards protected either by fences with low voltage electricity or glass panels. In total there are 243 species 123 of which are in aquarium. The zoo is open to the public everyday except Mondays.

Sazova Park
Sazova Park, officially Sazova Science, Culture and Art Park (Turkish: Sazova Bilim Kültür ve Sanat Parkı), is a park in Eskişehir, Turkey. It was established by the metropolitan municipality of Eskişehir in 2008.