hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brown Corpus
The Brown University Standard Corpus of Present-Day American English, better known as simply the Brown Corpus, is an electronic collection of text samples of American English, the first major structured corpus of varied genres. This corpus first set the bar for the scientific study of the frequency and distribution of word categories in everyday language use. Compiled by Henry Kučera and W. Nelson Francis at Brown University, in Rhode Island, it is a general language corpus containing 500 samples of English with 2000+ words each, compiled from works published in the United States in 1961, covering a wide range of styles and varieties of prose. It contained 1,014,312 words. Its construction cost the U.S. Office of Education ~$23,000 in 1963-64.

British National Corpus
The British National Corpus (BNC) is a 100-million-word text corpus of samples of written and spoken English from a wide range of sources. The corpus covers British English of the late 20th century from a wide variety of genres, with the intention that it be a representative sample of spoken and written British English of that time. It is used in corpus linguistics for analysis of corpora.
UK Gay Liberation Front 1971 Festival of Light action
On 9 September 1971 the UK Gay Liberation Front (GLF) undertook an action to disrupt the launch of the Church-based morality campaign Nationwide Festival of Light at the Methodist Central Hall, Westminster.  A number of well-known British figures were involved in the disrupted rally, and the action involved the use of "radical drag" drawing on the Stonewall riots and subsequent GLF actions in the US.  Peter Tatchell, gay human rights campaigner, was involved in the action which was one of a series which influenced the development of gay activism in the UK, received media attention at the time, and is still discussed by some of those involved.

Nationwide Festival of Light
The Nationwide Festival of Light was a short-lived grassroots movement formed by British Christians concerned about the rise of the permissive society and social changes in English society by the late 1960s.

The movement was opposed to what they saw as the growing trends in the mass media for the explicit depiction of sexual and violent themes. Its culmination was a pair of mass rallies in Trafalgar Square and Hyde Park, London in September 1971.

It encouraged a number of other campaigns on similar themes, including the continuing Festival of Light movement in Australia, although it did not persist as a high-profile campaign in the UK, and the subsequent growth in the availability of sexually explicit and violent material would suggest that it had little effect on the media or on consumers.
Stuart Rosenberg
Stuart Rosenberg (August 11, 1927 – March 15, 2007) was an American film and television director. He was most noted for his collaborations with actor Paul Newman, whom he directed in Cool Hand Luke (1967), WUSA (1970), Pocket Money (1972), and The Drowning Pool (1975). He was a five-time Directors Guild of America Award nominee, and a Primetime Emmy Award winner.

His other notable films included Question 7 (1961), Voyage of the Damned (1976), The Amityville Horror (1979), Brubaker (1980) and The Pope of Greenwich Village (1984). Later in his career, he taught directing at the American Film Institute, where his students included Todd Field and Darren Aronofsky.

Question 7
Question 7 is a 1961 American-West German film directed by Stuart Rosenberg and starring Michael Gwynn, Margaret Jahnen and Christian de Bresson. It won the National Board of Review Award for Best Film. It was also entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival.
David Hart (actor)
David Hart (born February 6, 1954) is an American actor and singer best known for his portrayal of Sgt. Parker Williams on the television series In the Heat of the Night (1988 to 1995).

He has appeared in numerous films. Hart continues to perform in theaters around the country, most recently performing as Charlemagne in Pippin and Oscar in The Odd Couple.

He has also appeared in numerous commercials, including IHOP Restaurants, Maxwell House Coffee, Coors Light, John Deere, Pillsbury and GE.

In the Heat of the Night (TV series)
In the Heat of the Night is an American police procedural crime drama television series loosely based on the 1965 novel by John Ball   and the 1967 film directed by Norman Jewison.  The TV series starred Carroll O'Connor as police chief William "Bill" Gillespie and Howard Rollins as police detective Virgil Tibbs. The series was broadcast on NBC from March 6, 1988, to May 19, 1992, before moving to CBS, where it aired from October 28, 1992, to May 16, 1995. Its executive producers were O'Connor, Fred Silverman and Juanita Bartlett. This series marked O'Connor's return to a series for the first time since the All in the Family spinoff Archie Bunker's Place ended in 1983.
Streetlight Manifesto
Streetlight Manifesto is an American ska punk band from New Brunswick, New Jersey, formed in 2002. They released their debut album, Everything Goes Numb, through Victory Records on August 26, 2003. The band headlined and sold out their first concert at Rutgers University in New Brunswick on December 9, 2003. Several members were previously involved in New Jersey's third wave ska scene, most notably Tomas Kalnoky, a founding member of Catch 22, and members of the band One Cool Guy.  Kalnoky and several other members also attended Rutgers University.

Everything Goes Numb
Everything Goes Numb is the debut studio album by American ska punk band Streetlight Manifesto, released on August 26, 2003. It garnered critical acclaim, with critics commenting on the quality of the band's lyrics and their powerful energy. The album has since acquired a cult following among fans of the third wave ska movement. This is the first full-length album frontman and vocalist Tomas Kalnoky participated in since leaving the ska-punk band Catch 22. The track "If and When We Rise Again" quotes the melody of Hungarian Dance No. 5 by Johannes Brahms.
Nils Andersen
Nils Andersen (21 March 1902 – 7 May 1979) was a Norwegian middle- and long-distance runner.

He was born in Kristiania, and represented the club Tøien TF. He competed in the 3000 metres team race at the 1924 Summer Olympics, along with team mates Haakon Jansen, Johan Badendyck and Hans Gundhus.

At national championships he won two silver medals, in the 1500 metres in 1924 and 5000 metres in 1925. He also collected bronze medals in the 1500 metres in 1922 and 1926.

Hans Gundhus
Hans Gundhus (13 September 1900 – 1 July 1968) was a Norwegian middle and long-distance runner.

He was born in Hønefoss, and represented the clubs IF Liv and later IF Ørnulf. He competed in the 3000 metres team race at the 1924 Summer Olympics, along with teammates Nils Andersen, Johan Badendyck and Haakon Jansen.

He became Norwegian 5000 metres champion in 1924, and won a bronze in 1925 and silver in 1926. He also won two national bronze medals in the 1500 metres, in 1924 and 1925. In June 1924 he captured the Norwegian 3000 metres record from Alf Halstvedt. He ran in 8:44.9 minutes at Bislett stadion. Five days later he improved it additionally to 8:44.8 minutes, again at Bislett. The record stood until 1929 when it was broken by Reidar Jørgensen.
Christos Hatzis
Christos Hatzis (Greek: Χρήστος Χατζής; born 1953) is a Juno Award-winning Greek-Canadian composer. Many of his compositions are performed internationally, and he is a professor at the Faculty of Music, University of Toronto.

Peter Hannan (composer)
Peter Hannan (born 19 March 1953) is a Canadian composer, opera director and recorder player based in British Columbia. Hannan has composed music for the recorder, and is known for his work in the field of electro-acoustics. and sampled music as well as his compositions for modern opera.
Biceps
The biceps or biceps brachii (Latin: musculus biceps brachii, "two-headed muscle of the arm") is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Both heads of the muscle arise on the scapula and join to form a single muscle belly which is attached to the upper forearm. While the long head of the biceps crosses both the shoulder and elbow joints, its main function is at the elbow where it flexes and supinates the forearm.

Coracobrachialis muscle
The coracobrachialis muscle  muscle in the upper medial part of the arm. It is located within the anterior compartment of the arm. It originates from the coracoid process of the scapula; it inserts onto the middle of the medial aspect of the body of the humerus. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. It acts to adduct and flex the arm.
Pay to surf
Pay to surf (PTS) is an online business model which gained popularity in the late 1990s and experienced a significant decline following the dot-com crash. PTS companies advertised their main advantage as sharing the advertising revenue with their user base in a form of rewards for watching promotional content over the web. In order to participate, users would need to install software that tracked their browsing activities and displayed targeted advertisements. Ultimately, users receive financial compensation for their time spent browsing the web.

AllAdvantage
AllAdvantage was an Internet advertising company that positioned itself as the world’s first "infomediary" by paying its users/members a portion of the advertising revenue generated by their online viewing habits. It became most well known for its slogan "Get Paid to Surf the Web," a phrase that has since become synonymous with a wide array of online ad revenue sharing systems (see, e.g., paid to surf).
Sai Paranjpye
Sai Paranjpye (born 19 March 1938) is an Indian film director and screenwriter. She is the director of the award-winning movies Sparsh, Katha, Chasme Buddoor and Disha. She has written and directed many Marathi plays such as Jaswandi, Sakkhe Shejari, and Albel.

She has won four National Film Awards and two Filmfare awards. The Government of India awarded Paranjpye the Padma Bhushan in 2006 in recognition of her artistic talents.

Disha (film)
Disha (English: Direction) was a 1990 Hindi film directed by Sai Paranjpye, based on the plight of immigrant workers in urban India, starring Shabana Azmi, Nana Patekar and Om Puri in lead roles.

The film was a part of the Indian Panorama at the International Film Festival of India. It was awarded the Best Jury and Most Popular film award at Rencontres Cinematographiques.
Luleå
Luleå (/ˈluːleɪoʊ/ LOO-lay-oh, Swedish: [ˈlʉ̌ːlɛɔ] ⓘ, locally [ˈlʉ̌ːlɛ] ⓘ; Lule Sami: Luleju; Finnish and Meänkieli: Luulaja) is a city on the coast of northern Sweden, and the capital of Norrbotten County, the northernmost county in Sweden. Luleå has 48,728 inhabitants in its urban core as of 2018 and is the seat of Luleå Municipality with a total population of about 80,000 as of 2025. Luleå is Sweden's 25th largest city and Norrbotten County's largest city. Luleå is considered as the world's largest brackish water archipelago with 1,312 islands, several rivers and vast forestland.

Luleå has the seventh biggest harbour in Sweden for shipping goods. It has a large steel industry and is a centre for extensive research. It is also home to the Swedish Air Force Wing Norrbotten Wing (F 21) based in Luleå Airport. Luleå University of Technology is one of Sweden's three technology universities with around 15,000 students and is the northernmost university in Sweden.

Luleå University of Technology
Luleå University of Technology is a public research university in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The university has four campuses located in the Arctic Region in the cities of Luleå, Kiruna, Skellefteå, and Piteå.

With more than 19,000 students and about 1,500 employees, Luleå University of Technology is a middle-sized academic institution in Sweden and Scandinavia's northernmost Institute of technology.

The university was originally established in 1971 under the name Luleå University College and had its first campus in the suburbs of Porsön in Luleå. But was a couple of years later merged with the Teacher's Training College of Luleå and the School of Music of Piteå. In 1997, the institution was granted full university status by the Swedish government and became then thereafter renamed as Luleå University of Technology.
Pomoravlje District
The Pomoravlje District (Serbian: Поморавски округ, romanized: Pomoravski okrug, pronounced [pômǒraʋskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the Great Morava Valley. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 182,047 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Pomoravlje District is the city of Jagodina.

Jagodina
Jagodina (Serbian Cyrillic: Јагодина, pronounced [jâɡodina] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Pomoravlje District in central Serbia. It is situated on the banks of the Belica River, in the geographical region of Šumadija. The city itself has a population of 34,892 inhabitants, while its administrative area comprises 64,644 inhabitants.
João, Duke of Viseu
Infante João of Viseu  (c. 1448 – 1472) was the older son of Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu and of his wife Infanta Beatrice of Portugal.

In 1470, following his father's death, he inherited the titles of Duke of Viseu and Duke of Beja, as well as the Lordships of Covilhã and Moura.

He also became Master of the Order of Christ and of the Order of Santiago, becoming also Constable of Portugal.

In July 1472, his uncle, King Afonso V granted him the Moroccan city of Anfa (in Portuguese Anafé).

He died young and single, without issue. His brother, Infante Diogo, inherited his titles and estates.

Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu
Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu and Beja (or Fernando, Portuguese pronunciation: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du], 17 November 1433 – 18 September 1470) was the third son of Edward, King of Portugal and his wife Eleanor of Aragon.
Temple de l'Observatoire
The Temple de l'Observatoire (Temple of the Observatory) was a Protestant Christian church in Brussels, started in 1834 when a group left Brussels Protestant Church and called French Methodist missionary, Philippe Boucher (1811–1885), to serve as their  pastor. This was because they preferred "evangelical, saving, pious" preaching to the "rationalistic" and "cool and academic" ministry of pastor Chrétien-Henri Vent.

Brussels Protestant Church
Brussels Protestant Church (French: Église Protestante de Bruxelles; Dutch: Brusselse protestantse kerk) is a Brussels-based Protestant Christian congregation formally constituted in 1804 and whose roots go back to the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.
Newton Cardoso Jr.
Newton Cardoso Junior (born 11 November 1979) is a Brazilian politician who has been a Brazilian Democratic Movement federal deputy for Minas Gerais since 2015.

He was named in the 2016 Panama Papers leak.

His father was the former Governor of Minas Gerais Newton Cardoso.

Newton Cardoso
Newton Cardoso (22 May 1938 – 2 February 2025) was a Brazilian politician who served as a Member of the Chamber of Deputies and as Governor of Minas Gerais from 1987 to 1991. He died from multiple organ failure in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, on 2 February 2025, at the age of 86. His son, Newton Cardoso Jr, is a member of the Chamber of Deputies.
Agraharathil Kazhutai
Agraharathil Kazhutai (transl. Donkey in the Brahmin village) is a 1977 Indian Tamil-language film directed by John Abraham and written by Venkat Swaminathan. Inspired by Robert Bresson's French film Au hasard Balthazar (1966), the film stars M. B. Sreenivasan and Swathi. It revolves around a donkey which faces ridicule when brought to a Brahmin village.

Agraharathil Kazhutai won the National Film Award for Best Tamil Feature Film. Though the film courted controversy as it was perceived as hurting Brahmin sentiments, and was largely shunned during its initial release, it attained cult status in later years.

John Abraham (director)
John Abraham (11 August 1937 – 31 May 1987) was an Indian filmmaker, short story writer and screenwriter who worked mainly in Malayalam cinema. His film Amma Ariyan (1986) was the only South Indian feature film to make the list of "Top 10 Indian Films" of all time by British Film Institute. Agraharathil Kazhuthai was listed among the "100 Greatest Indian Films" of all time by IBN Live's 2013 poll.
Northern white-faced owl
The northern white-faced owl (Ptilopsis leucotis) is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. The southern white-faced owl (P. granti) was formerly included in this species and the two were known as the white-faced scops-owl.

It is found in a band across Africa between the Sahara and the Equator. It occurs in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Togo and Uganda.

Southern white-faced owl
The Southern white-faced owl (Ptilopsis granti) is a fairly small owl in the family Strigidae. It is native to the southern half of Africa. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the northern white-faced owl (P. leucopsis) but the two are now commonly treated as separate species.
Mick Jones (The Clash guitarist)
Michael Geoffrey Jones (born 26 June 1955) is a British musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer best known as co-founder and lead guitarist of punk rock band the Clash, until his dismissal by frontman Joe Strummer in 1983. In 1984, he formed Big Audio Dynamite with Don Letts. Jones has played with the band Carbon/Silicon along with Tony James (formerly of Generation X and Sigue Sigue Sputnik) since 2002 and was part of the Gorillaz live band for a world tour in 2010. In late 2011, Jones collaborated with Pete Wylie and members of the Farm to form the Justice Tonight Band.

Sigue Sigue Sputnik
Sigue Sigue Sputnik were a British new wave band formed in 1982 by former Generation X bassist Tony James. The band have had three UK top-40 hit singles, including "Love Missile F1-11" and "21st Century Boy".

The band's music, image and inspiration drew from a range of electronic and glam bands such as  Suicide and the New York Dolls.
Kazha
Kazha is a rock band founded in 2009 by a Japanese singer/songwriter Kazuha Oda and a guitarist Hideki Matsushige, categorized in Hard Rock and sometimes in Heavy Metal. It used to be a 4-piece band but became 3-piece with Kazuha Oda being a bass/vocal.

Kazuha Oda
Kazuha Oda is a classically trained singer/singer-songwriter born in Japan. She started out as a solo singer and has worked with wide variety of performers including Grammy winner Bob James. She worked on numerous projects including: 7 albums, 5 singles, and contributed to over 10 compilation albums ranging from Classic to Heavy Metal music until now. Much of her work has appeared on the iTunes top 100 around the world.

In the beginning of 2009, Kazuha started her rock band Kazha, and has been touring nationally with the band since then. They have appeared at numerous festivals and conventions including Colorado Dragon Boat Festival and Phoenix Comicon. Their music often appear on the Top Chart on CDBaby Hard Rock and Heavy Metal category.
Adam Scott
Adam Paul Scott (born April 3, 1973) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his role as Ben Wyatt in the NBC sitcom Parks and Recreation (2010–2015), for which he was twice nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award, as well as Mark Scout in the Apple TV+ sci-fi thriller series Severance, for which he was nominated for four Primetime Emmy Awards – two for acting and two for producing – and two Golden Globe Awards.

Scott has also appeared in the films The Aviator (2004), Step Brothers (2008) and Flower (2017), as well as the Starz sitcom Party Down (2009–2010; 2023), the HBO drama series Big Little Lies (2017–2019), and the NBC comedy series The Good Place (2016–2018).

Scott Aukerman
Scott David Aukerman (born July 2, 1970) is an American writer, actor, comedian, television personality, director, producer, and podcast host. He was a writer and performer in the later seasons of the sketch series Mr. Show from 1996 to 1998. Aukerman is currently the host of the weekly comedy podcast Comedy Bang! Bang! and formerly the IFC original television series of the same name. Aukerman is the co-creator of Between Two Ferns with Zach Galifianakis and co-founder of the Earwolf podcast network.
Daulat Rao Sindhia
Daulat Rao Scindia (1779 – 21 March 1827) also conferred with the title "The defender of Delhi" was the Maharaja of Gwalior state in central India from 1794 until his death in 1827. His reign coincided with struggles for supremacy within the Maratha Empire, and wars with the expanding East India Company. Daulatrao played a significant role in the Second Anglo-Maratha War and Third Anglo-Maratha War. While most Indian rulers had accepted British rule, Scindia's kingdom maintained its independence even as late as 1832 and continued collecting Chauth (taxes) from other neighbouring states (including the Mughals) and dependent Kingdoms till 1886.

Second Anglo-Maratha War
Second Anglo-Maratha War (from 1803 –1805) was a large conflict within the Maratha Empire involving the East India Company. It resulted in a major loss of territory for the Marathas, including regions around Delhi and in present-day Gujarat falling into direct Company rule.
Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
The Chamber of Deputies (Romanian: Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms.

Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats.

President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania
The President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania is the deputy elected to preside over the meetings in the lower chamber of the Parliament of Romania. The President of the Chamber of Deputies is also the president of the Standing Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies, and the second in the presidential line of succession, after the President of the Senate.
DeSales University
DeSales University (DSU) is a private Catholic university in Center Valley, Pennsylvania, United States. The university offers traditional, online, and hybrid courses and programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Named for St. Francis de Sales, the university was founded in 1964 as Allentown College of Saint Francis de Sales by the Oblates of St. Francis de Sales.

DeSales has six academic divisions: Business, Healthcare Professions, Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Nursing, Performing Arts, and Sciences & Mathematics. It is classified among "Doctoral/Professional Universities".

Oblates of St. Francis de Sales
The Oblates of St. Francis de Sales (Latin: Oblati Sancti Francisci Salesii, O.S.F.S.) are a congregation of Catholic priests and brothers who follow the teachings of Francis de Sales and Jane Frances de Chantal. The community was founded in Troyes in 1875 by Louis Brisson and are affiliated with the Oblate Sisters of St. Francis de Sales.