hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chen Gong
Chen Gong (pronunciationⓘ) (died 7 February 199), courtesy name Gongtai, was an adviser to the warlord Lü Bu in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. However, he had started his career under another warlord, Cao Cao, before defecting to Lü Bu. He was executed along with Lü Bu and Gao Shun after Cao Cao defeated Lü Bu at the Battle of Xiapi.

Chen Gong was given a positive makeover in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the events before and during the Three Kingdoms period. In the novel, Chen Gong initially held office as a minor magistrate under the Han government, but he gave up his job after deciding to follow Cao Cao, who was then on the run after attempting to assassinate Dong Zhuo, a tyrannical warlord and regent who was holding the Emperor hostage. However, after witnessing Cao Cao killing Lü Boshe, he secretly left Cao Cao and ultimately joined Lü Bu. His eventual fate in the novel is similar to that in history.

Lü Boshe
Lü Boshe was an acquaintance of Cao Cao, a prominent warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty and established the foundation of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. According to historical sources, Cao Cao killed Lü Boshe's family in 189 or 190 when he passed by Lü's house on his way home to Chenliu (陳留; around present-day Kaifeng, Henan) after escaping from the imperial capital, Luoyang. Cao Cao's motive behind the murders remains ambiguous. One source claimed that he killed Lü Boshe's family in self-defence while two other texts stated that he suspected that Lü's family were plotting to harm him so he killed them preemptively. This event was dramatised in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, in which Lü Boshe himself also died at the hands of Cao Cao.
Gmina Tarnowo Podgórne
Gmina Tarnowo Podgórne is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Tarnowo Podgórne, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 101.4 square kilometres (39.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 18,690.

Tarnowo Podgórne
Tarnowo Podgórne [tarˈnɔvɔ pɔdˈɡurnɛ] is an urbanized village in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Tarnowo Podgórne.

Tarnowo Podgórne was the host of the 2021 World Team Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships.
Gaisang Noge
Gaisang Keaikitse Noge (born 15 June 1996) is a South African actress, influencer, media personality and entrepreneur. She is well known for playing a lead role of Naledi on The Wife season 3 and e.tv series House of Zwide as Mampho Mokoena.

House of Zwide
House of Zwide is a South African television drama series. It is an e.tv original production, co-produced by The Bomb Shelter and Videovision Entertainment for e.tv. The series stars Vusi Kunene, Nefisa Mkhabela, Jeffery Sekele, Winnie Ntshaba, Wanda Zuma and among others.
Going to Extremes (American TV series)
Going to Extremes is an American drama television series created by Joshua Brand, John Falsey and Frank South. The series stars Erika Alexander, June Chadwick, Roy Dotrice, Camilo Gallardo, Joanna Going, Daniel Jenkins, Charles Keating, Andrew Lauer, Carl Lumbly and Robert Duncan McNeill. The series aired on ABC from September 1, 1992, to January 27, 1993.

Erika Alexander
Erika Rose Alexander (born November 19, 1969) is an American actress, writer, producer, entrepreneur and activist who played the roles of Pam Tucker on the NBC sitcom The Cosby Show from 1990 to 1992, and Maxine Shaw on the Fox sitcom Living Single from 1993 to 1998. She has won numerous awards for her work on Living Single, including two NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series. Her film credits include The Long Walk Home (1990), 30 Years to Life (2001), Déjà Vu (2006), Get Out (2017), American Refugee (2021), Earth Mama (2023) and American Fiction (2023), for which she was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Performance.
Visa requirements for Ethiopian citizens
Visa requirements for Ethiopian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Ethiopia. As of April 2025, Ethiopian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 46 countries and territories, ranking the Ethiopian passport 91st in terms of travel freedom (tied with passports from Congo (Dem. Rep.)and Myanmar) according to the Henley Passport Index.

Ethiopian passport
The Ethiopian passport is a identity document issued to citizens of Ethiopia to facilitate international travel. Ethiopian passports are valid for worldwide travel and facilitate the access to consular services whilst abroad.

The document is a biometric machine-readable passport with a burgundy cover with the text "Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia" above the coat of arms, and the text "passport" below it in Amharic and English. The passport is valid for 5 years and contains 64 pages.
Danielle Sassoon
Danielle Renee Sassoon (born 1986) is an American attorney who served as the acting U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York between January 21, 2025, and February 13, 2025. As an assistant United States Attorney in the district, she secured prominent convictions against sex trafficker Larry Ray and fraudster Sam Bankman-Fried. Sassoon resigned from the United States Department of Justice to avoid complying with Acting United States Deputy Attorney General Emil Bove's command to dismiss federal criminal corruption charges against Eric Adams, Mayor of New York City. She currently is a senior fellow at the conservative Manhattan Institute.

Larry Ray (criminal)
Lawrence Grecco (born November 16, 1959), known as Larry Ray, is an American criminal who was convicted of  sex trafficking, extortion, forced labor, conspiracy, money laundering, and other  offenses. In 2023, he was sentenced to 60 years in prison. He had  founded what was described as a "sex cult" at Sarah Lawrence College, after moving in to his daughter's dormitory there when he was 50 years of age.
Euboea (regional unit)
Euboea (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Εύβοιας) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. It consists of the islands of Euboea and Skyros, as well as a 260 km2 area on the Greek mainland. Its land area is 4,167.449 km2, whereas the total land area of the municipalities actually on the island Euboea is 3,684.848 km2, which includes that of numerous small offshore islets (Petalies Islands) near Euboea's southern tip.

Skyros
Skyros (Modern Greek: Σκύρος, pronounced [ˈsciros]), in some historical contexts Latinized Scyros (Ancient Greek: Σκῦρος, Attic Greek pronunciation: [skŷːros]), is an island in Greece. It is the southernmost inhabited island of the Sporades, an archipelago in the Aegean Sea. Around the 2nd millennium BC, the island was known as The Island of the Magnetes; later, it was consecutively known as  Pelasgia, Dolopia, and finally Skyros. At 209 km2 (81 sq mi), it is the largest island of the Sporades, and had a population of about 3,000 in 2021.
Tami Roman
Tamisha Akbar Youngblood (née Akbar;  born April 17, 1970), known professionally as Tami Roman, is an American television personality, model, actress, singer, businesswoman and producer. She first gained fame on The Real World: Los Angeles in 1993. After making appearances and landing supporting roles in various television shows and films in the 1990s and 2000s, she became one of the breakout stars of VH1's Basketball Wives (2010–2019). Roman later starred in the television series The Family Business (2018–present), Truth Be Told (2019–2023), Haus of Vicious (2022–present) and The Ms. Pat Show (2021–present).

Haus of Vicious
Haus of Vicious is an American drama television series created by Jill Ramsey that premiered on BET on August 17, 2022.

In March 2024, the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on BET+ on September 19, 2024.
Czartoryski
The House of Czartoryski (feminine form: Czartoryska, plural: Czartoryscy; Lithuanian: Čartoriskiai) is a Polish princely family of Lithuanian-Ruthenian origin, also known as the Familia. The family, which derived their kin from the Gediminids dynasty, by the mid-17th century had split into two branches, based in the Klevan Castle and the Korets Castle, respectively. They used the Czartoryski coat of arms and were a noble family of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century.

The Czartoryski and the Potocki were the two most influential aristocratic families of the last decades of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795).

Maria Zofia Czartoryska
Countess Maria Zofia Czartoryska (née Sieniawska; 15 April 1699–21 May 1771) was a Polish noblewoman (szlachcianka). By birth she was member of powerful Sieniawski family and by marriage she was member of House of Dönhoff and House of Czartoryski.
Aadi Perukku
Aadi Perukku, (pronunciationⓘ) is a Hindu festival celebrated by the Tamils on the 18th day of the Tamil month of Aadi. The festival usually involves prayers on river banks to mark the increasing water levels during the monsoon and as a tribute to the life-sustaining properties of water. Hindu deity of Amman is worshiped with various rituals.

Aadi (month)
Aadi is the fourth month of the Tamil calendar. The name of the month is derived from the position of the Moon near the Pooradam or Uthiradam nakshatra (star) on the pournami (full moon) day. The month corresponds to the end of the muthu-venil (summer) season and falls in July–August in the Gregorian calendar.

In the Hindu lunar calendar, it corresponds to the fourth month of Ashadha, falling in the Gregorian months of June–July.

In the Hindu solar calendar, it corresponds to the fourth month of Karkata and begins with the Sun's entry into Cancer.

In the Vaishnav calendar, it corresponds to the fourth month of Vamana.
Menaka
Menaka (Sanskrit: मेनका IAST: Menakā) is a prominent apsara (celestial nymph) in Hindu mythology, celebrated as one of the most beautiful dancers in the court of Indra, the king of the gods. She is often portrayed as an archetypal seductress, frequently dispatched by the gods to disrupt the penance of sages whose growing spiritual power threatens the celestial order.

Menaka is best known for her role in the seduction of the sage Vishvamitra, a story recounted in various Hindu texts and classical Sanskrit literature. In this episode, the gods, fearing Vishvamitra's ascetic strength, send Menaka to tempt him. With her beauty and charm, she succeeds in captivating him, temporarily deviating him from his spiritual path. From this union, Menaka becomes the mother of Shakuntala, a celebrated heroine in classical literature.

Vishvamitra
Vishvamitra (Sanskrit: विश्वामित्र, IAST: Viśvāmitra) is one of the most venerated rishis or sages of ancient India. Vishvamitra is one of the seven Brahmarshi.  According to Hindu tradition, he is stated to have written most of the Mandala 3 of the Rigveda, including the Gayatri Mantra (3.62.10). The Puranas mention that only 24 rishis since antiquity have understood the whole meaning of —and thus wielded the whole power of — the Gayatri Mantra. Vishvamitra is supposed to have been the first, and Yajnavalkya the last.

Before renouncing his kingdom and royal status, Brahmarishi Vishvamitra was a king, and thus he retained the title of Rajarshi, or 'royal sage'.
Faustina (1968 film)
Faustina is a 1968 Italian comedy film. It represents the directorial debut of Luigi Magni and the first released film appearance of actress Vonetta McGee, the latter of whom had filmed her role for The Great Silence a year prior.

Vonetta McGee
Vonetta Lawrence McGee (January 14, 1945 – July 9, 2010) was an American actress. She debuted in the Spaghetti Western The Great Silence and went on to appear in blaxploitation films such as Hammer, Melinda, Blacula, Shaft in Africa, Detroit 9000, and 1974's Thomasine & Bushrod alongside her then-boyfriend Max Julien. In 1975, she was Clint Eastwood's co-star in The Eiger Sanction. She was a regular on the 1987 Universal Television situation comedy Bustin' Loose, starring as Mimi Shaw for its only season (1987–88).
Antonio das Mortes
Antonio das Mortes (Portuguese: O Dragão da Maldade contra o Santo Guerreiro, pronounced [u dɾaˈɡɐ̃w da mawˈdadʒi ˈkõtɾɐ u ˈsɐ̃tu ɡeˈʁe(j)ɾu]; lit. "The Dragon of Wickedness Against the Holy Warrior") is a 1969 Brazilian revisionist western film directed by Glauber Rocha. It features return of the character Antonio das Mortes, now as the protagonist, with Maurício do Valle reprising the role from Black God, White Devil. The original title is a reference to the tale of Saint George and the Dragon.

The film had its world premiere at the main competition of the 1969 Cannes Film Festival, where it was awarded the Best Director prize. It was selected as the Brazilian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 42nd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

It is often cited as the last installment of Rocha's film trilogy, preceded by Black God, White Devil and Entranced Earth.

1969 Cannes Film Festival
The 22nd Cannes Film Festival took place from 8 to 23 May 1969. Italian filmmaker Luchino Visconti served as jury president for the main competition.

The Grand Prix du Festival International du Film, then the festival's main prize, was awarded to If.... by Lindsay Anderson.

At this edition a new non-competitive section called Directors' Fortnight was created, in response to the cancellation of the 1968 festival.

The festival opened with Sweet Charity by Bob Fosse.
Paul Levy (journalist)
Paul Levy (born 26 February 1941 in Lexington, Kentucky) is a US/British author and journalist.  He lives with his wife, art historian, Penelope Marcus, in Oxfordshire UK. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1980.

He and Ann Barr, in an article in Harpers & Queen in 1982, were the first in Britain to use the word "foodie" (some have said that he exemplified the concept). Whether they coined the word is not clear because Gael Greene used it at almost the same moment in New York Magazine. He has won many British and American food writing and journalism prizes, including two commendations in the British Press Awards, in 1985 and 1987. He is the author of the standard work on the philosopher G. E. Moore and the Cambridge Apostles and the editor of several volumes of Lytton Strachey's writings including The Letters of Lytton Strachey.

Lytton Strachey
Giles Lytton Strachey (/ˈdʒaɪlz ˈlɪtən ˈstreɪtʃi/; 1 March 1880 – 21 January 1932) was an English writer and critic. A founding member of the Bloomsbury Group and author of Eminent Victorians, he established a new form of biography in which psychological insight and sympathy are combined with irreverence and wit. His biography Queen Victoria (1921) was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize.
Boards of Canada
Boards of Canada are a Scottish electronic music duo consisting of the brothers Mike Sandison and Marcus Eoin. Signing first to Skam followed by Warp Records in the 1990s, they received recognition following the release of their debut album, Music Has the Right to Children, on Warp in 1998. They followed with the acclaimed albums Geogaddi (2002), The Campfire Headphase (2005) and Tomorrow's Harvest (2013).

The duo's work, largely influenced by media and electronic music from the 1970s, incorporates vintage synthesiser tones, samples, analog equipment, and hip hop-inspired beats. It has been described by critics as exploring themes related to nostalgia, as well as childhood memory, science, environmental concerns and esoteric subjects. In 2012, Fact described them as "one of the best-known and best-loved electronic acts of the last two decades".

Geogaddi
Geogaddi is the second studio album by Scottish electronic music duo Boards of Canada, released on 18 February 2002 by Warp Records. It was recorded between 1999 and 2001 at Hexagon Sun, their Pentland Hills studio. The album was intended to be—and has been described as—darker in tone than their debut studio album Music Has the Right to Children, released in 1998.

Geogaddi received critical acclaim upon release, in addition to being acclaimed by several publications as one of the year's best albums. It was listed by music website Pitchfork as one of the best intelligent dance music albums of all time.
Jean Rougeau
Jean Rougeau (June 9, 1929 – May 25, 1983) was a professional wrestler better known as Johnny Rougeau. Rougeau started wrestling in 1951 as Johnny Rougeau after an amateur wrestling career. In 1956, he was joined by his brother, Jacques Rougeau, Sr. He is also the uncle to former wrestlers Jacques Rougeau and Raymond Rougeau who would go on to great fame in the World Wrestling Federation as the Fabulous Rougeau Brothers as well as Armand Rougeau whose full-time career was cut short by injury. He had feuds with Abdullah the Butcher, The Sheik, Ivan Koloff, Hans Schmidt and Killer Kowalski. He founded All-Star Wrestling in 1967.

Abdullah the Butcher
Lawrence Robert Shreve (born January 11, 1941), better known by the ring name Abdullah the Butcher, is a Canadian retired professional wrestler. He has a reputation for being involved in some of the most violent and bloody hardcore wrestling matches of all time. Over his time in wrestling he was given the moniker of "Madman from Sudan".

One of Shreve's trademarks is a series of divot-like scars on his head that he has due to excessive use of blading during his career. The scars are so deep that, according to Mick Foley, Shreve is able to put gambling chips into them. An amateur martial artist, Shreve also has knowledge of judo and karate, often incorporating this knowledge in his wrestling matches through throws and chops.
Stokely Davis House
The Stokely Davis House (also known as Fairmount) was built in 1850 and included Italianate architecture and Greek Revival architecture.

The house was among the best two-story vernacular I-house examples in the county (along with William King House, Alpheus Truett House, Claiborne Kinnard House, Beverly Toon House, and Old Town, a.k.a. Thomas Brown House).: 42

It had a two-story portico with Doric columns, and a two-story frame addition to the rear.  Its central hall plan interior included Greek Revival-influenced original fireplace mantles with architrave molding and original doors with architrave moldings.  Photography was not allowed in the interior, as of its listing.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

On the early morning of January 28, 2014, it burned down.

It was removed from the National Register on July 15, 2015.

Beverly Toon House
The Beverly Toon House is a property in Franklin, Tennessee, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.  It has also been known as Riverside.  It dates from c. 1857.

A 1988 study of Williamson County historical resources assessed that this house was one of the "best two-story vernacular I-House examples" in the county. The others highly rated were the William King House, the Alpheus Truett House, the Thomas Brown House, the Claiborne Kinnard House, and the Stokely Davis House.
Leslie Cockburn
Leslie Cockburn (/ˈkoʊbərn/ KOH-bərn; born Leslie Corkill Redlich on September 2, 1952) is an American investigative journalist, and filmmaker. Her investigative television segments have aired on CBS, NBC, PBS Frontline, and 60 Minutes. She has won an Emmy Award, The Hillman Prize, Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award, Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award, and the George Polk Award.

Cockburn was the 2018 Democratic nominee for Virginia's 5th district in the U.S. House of Representatives, losing to Republican Denver Riggleman.

Denver Riggleman
Denver Lee Riggleman III (born March 17, 1970) is an American businessman and former politician from Virginia who served as the United States representative for Virginia's 5th congressional district from 2019 to 2021. A former Air Force officer and National Security Agency contractor, Riggleman opened a craft distillery in Virginia in 2014. As a Republican, he ran for his party's nomination in the 2017 gubernatorial election, but withdrew from the race. Riggleman was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 2018. Riggleman was defeated in his bid for reelection in 2020, losing to Republican primary challenger Bob Good in a drive-through party convention. Riggleman co-authored a book with Hunter Walker titled The Breach, which was published in October 2022. The book detailed his work on the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack.
Battle of Maiwand
The Battle of Maiwand (Dari: نبرد میوند, Pashto: د ميوند جگړه), fought on 27 July 1880, was one of the principal battles of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. Under the leadership of Ayub Khan, the Afghan forces defeated a much smaller British force consisting of two brigades of British and Indian troops under Brigadier-General George Burrows, albeit at a high price: between 2,050 and 2,750 Afghan tribal militamen were killed, and probably about 1,500 wounded. British and Indian forces suffered 1,200 dead.

George Burrows (Indian Army officer)
Brigadier General George Reynolds Scott Burrows (1827–1917) was the commander of the British and Indian forces in the disastrous Battle of Maiwand during the Second Anglo-Afghan War. Although his tactics received criticism, he was exonerated and later promoted.
Bitwise operation
In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor. Most architectures provide only a few high value bitwise operations, presented as two-operand instructions where the result replaces one of the input operands.

On simple low-cost processors, typically, bitwise operations are substantially faster than division, several times faster than multiplication, and sometimes significantly faster than addition. While modern processors usually perform addition and multiplication just as fast as bitwise operations due to their longer instruction pipelines and other architectural design choices, bitwise operations do commonly use less power because of the reduced use of resources.

Bit array
A bit array (also known as bit map, bit set, bit string, or bit vector) is an array data structure that compactly stores bits. It can be used to implement a simple set data structure. A bit array is effective at exploiting bit-level parallelism in hardware to perform operations quickly. A typical bit array stores kw bits, where w is the number of bits in the unit of storage, such as a byte or word, and k is some positive integer. If w does not divide the number of bits to be stored, some space is wasted due to internal fragmentation.