hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Veltrusy
Veltrusy (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvɛltrusɪ]; German: Weltrus) is a town in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,300 inhabitants. It is known for the Veltrusy Mansion.

Veltrusy Mansion
Veltrusy Mansion (Czech: zámek Veltrusy) is a Baroque castle in Veltrusy in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. The mansion is situated near the banks of the Vltava River, about 25 km north of Prague. The castle is open to the public and offers guided tours.

The mansion was built by architect Giovanni Battista Alliprandi for Count Václav Antonín Chotek of Chotkov and Vojnín. The original mansion was extended on the orders of Count Rudolf Chotek of Chotkov and Vojnín, who also commissioned the interior decoration. Further extensions and the annexes of the mansion were constructed in 1804.
Barunga Range
The Barunga Range is a range of hills in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges starting near Clements Gap and Merriton in South Australia's Mid North. At the range's southern end it merges with Hummock Range at Barunga Gap, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south west of Snowtown. The name 'Barunga' derives from an indigenous term meaning "gap in the range".

The Barunga and Hummock ranges are host to the Clements Gap and Snowtown wind farms.

Snowtown, South Australia
Snowtown is a town located in the Mid North of South Australia 145 km (90 miles) north of Adelaide and lies on the main road and rail routes between Adelaide and Perth – the Augusta Highway and Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line. The town's elevation is 103 metres (338 feet) and on average the town receives 389 mm of rainfall per annum.
Spinning jenny
The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialisation of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial Revolution. It was invented in 1764–1765 by James Hargreaves in Stanhill, Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire in England.

The device reduced the amount of work needed to produce cloth, with a worker able to work eight or more spools at once. This grew to 120 as technology advanced. The yarn produced by the jenny was not very strong until Richard Arkwright invented the water-powered water frame. The spinning jenny helped to start the factory system of cotton manufacturing.

Spinning frame
The spinning frame is an Industrial Revolution invention for spinning thread or yarn from fibres such as wool or cotton in a mechanized way.  It was developed in 18th-century Britain by Richard Arkwright and John Kay.
Sussex Archaeological Society
The Sussex Archaeological Society is an organisation dedicated to researching and preserving the history and archaeology of the English counties of East Sussex and West Sussex. It manages six historic sites, including Lewes Castle and Fishbourne Roman Palace.

Fishbourne Roman Palace
Fishbourne Roman Palace or Fishbourne Villa is in the village of Fishbourne, near Chichester in West Sussex. The palace is the largest known Roman residence north of the Alps, and has an unusually early date of 75 AD, around thirty years after the Roman conquest of Britain.

Much of the palace has been excavated and is preserved, along with an on-site museum. The rectangular palace surrounded formal gardens, the northern parts of which have been reconstructed.

Extensive alterations were made in the second and third centuries AD, when many of the original black and white mosaics were overlaid with more sophisticated coloured work, including the perfectly preserved Dolphin mosaic in the north wing. More alterations were in progress when the palace burnt down in around 270 AD, after which it was abandoned.
Brittany Daniel
Brittany Ann Daniel (born March 17, 1976) is an American actress. Daniel is best known for her roles as Jessica Wakefield in the teen drama series Sweet Valley High (1994–1997) and as Kelly Pitts in the CW/BET comedy-drama series The Game (2006–2011; 2014–2015). Her film credits include Brandy in Joe Dirt (2001) and its sequel Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser (2015), White Chicks (2004), and Skyline (2010).

Daniel is the twin sister of photographer and former actress Cynthia Daniel.

Cynthia Daniel
Cynthia Daniel (married name: Cynthia Hauser; born March 17, 1976) is an American photographer and former actress, best known for her role as Elizabeth Wakefield in the 1990s syndicated teen drama Sweet Valley High.

Daniel is the twin sister of actress Brittany Daniel.
Cam Gigandet
Cameron Joslin Gigandet (/ˈkæm ʒɪˈɡɑːndeɪ/; born August 16, 1982) is an American actor whose credits include a recurring role on The O.C. and appearances in feature films Twilight, Pandorum, Never Back Down, Burlesque, Easy A, Priest, and The Magnificent Seven. He also starred in the CBS legal drama series Reckless. From 2016 to 2018, Gigandet starred in the Audience Network drama series Ice.

Pandorum
Pandorum is a 2009 science fiction horror film directed by Christian Alvart, produced by Robert Kulzer, Jeremy Bolt and Paul W. S. Anderson (the latter two through their Impact Pictures banner), and starring Dennis Quaid and Ben Foster. Travis Milloy wrote the screenplay from a story by Milloy and Alvart. The film's title is a fictional slang term for a form of psychosis caused by deep space and triggered by emotional stress, leading to severe paranoia, delirium, and nosebleeds. Pandorum was released on 25 September 2009 in the United States, and on 2 October 2009 in the UK. The film was poorly received and a box office flop.
Avraham Yehoshua Heschel
Avraham Yehoshua "Heschel"(or Abraham Joshua)   (1595 – 1663) was a renowned rabbi and talmudist in Kraków, Poland.

His father Rabbi Jacob of Lublin was a rabbi in Brisk and then Lublin.

In 1654 Heschel became Chief Rabbi of Kraków, succeeding Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller upon his death.

Subsequent to the Chmielnicki massacres, Heschel was lenient in allowing agunah (women whose husbands were only presumed dead) to remarry.

Heschel's second wife was Dina, the granddaughter of Saul Wahl, who according to folklore was king of Poland for one day.

Heschel's main students are Rabbi David Halevi Segal (Taz), and Rabbi Shabsai Cohen (Shach).

Heschel is buried in the Old Jewish Cemetery of Kraków, also known as the Remuh Cemetery.

Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
Rabbi Gershon Shaul Yom-Tov Lipmann ben Nathan ha-Levi Heller (c. 1579 – 19 August 1654), was a Bohemian rabbi and Talmudist, best known for writing a commentary on the Mishnah called the Tosefet Yom-Tov (1614–1617). Heller was one of the major Talmudic scholars in Prague and in Poland during the "Golden Age" before 1648.
Orville Turnquest
Sir Orville Alton Turnquest (born 19 July 1929) is a Bahamian politician who was the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of External Relations of the Bahamas from 1992 to 1994, and the sixth governor-general of the Bahamas from 3 January 1995 until his retirement on 13 November 2001.

Prime Minister of the Bahamas
The prime minister of the Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas. The prime minister is formally appointed into office by the governor-general of the Bahamas, who represents Charles III, the king of the Bahamas (the Bahamian head of state).

The following article contains a list of prime ministers of the Bahamas, from the establishment of the position of chief minister of the Bahamas Islands in 1955 to the present day.
Halva
Halva (also halvah, halwa, halua; Persian: حلوا) is a type of confectionery that is spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa, East Africa, Eastern Europe, and the Balkans, Central Asia, and South Asia. The name refers to a broad variety of recipes, generally a thick paste made from flour, butter, oil, saffron, rosewater, milk, turmeric powder, and sugar.

Semolina
Semolina is a coarse flour traditionally made from durum wheat. Its high protein and gluten content make it especially suitable for pasta.

Semolina is distinguished from other refined wheat flours by its coarse texture: the Codex Alimentarius specifies that a durum wheat semolina must have grains large enough that no more than 79% pass through a 315-micron textile sieve.
Philip J. Lang
Philip J. Lang (17 April 1911, in New York – 22 February 1986, in Branford, Connecticut) was an American musical arranger, orchestrator and composer of band music, as well as a musical educator. He is credited for writing the orchestral arrangements (orchestrations) for over 50 Broadway theatre shows, including many landmark productions, such as Li'l Abner (1956), Hello, Dolly! (1964), Mame (1966), George M (1968), Annie (1977) and 42nd Street (1980). Together with Robert Russell Bennett, he orchestrated the record-breaking productions of Lerner and Loewe's My Fair Lady (1956) and Camelot (1960).  Russell Bennett, the dean of musical orchestrators, remarked that the original arrangements Lang had prepared for Annie Get Your Gun (1946), which utilized a modern technique of orchestral scoring, were beautifully done.

My Fair Lady
My Fair Lady is a musical with a book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. The story, based on George Bernard Shaw's 1913 play Pygmalion and on the 1938 film adaptation of the play, concerns Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl who takes speech lessons from professor Henry Higgins, a phonetician, so that she may pass as a lady. Despite his cynical nature and difficulty understanding women, Higgins grows attached to her.

The musical's 1956 Broadway production was a notable critical and popular success, winning six Tony Awards, including Best Musical. It set a record for the longest run of any musical on Broadway up to that time and was followed by a hit London production. Rex Harrison and Julie Andrews starred in both productions. Many revivals have followed, and the 1964 film version won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
Bertie County Courthouse
Bertie County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building located at Windsor, Bertie County, North Carolina. It was built in 1889, and is a 2 1/2-story, brick Neoclassical-style building with a gable roof topped by a polygonal cupola.  In 1941, the portico was enlarged and wings added to the main block.  A rear addition was built in 1974.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is located in the Windsor Historic District.

Windsor Historic District (Windsor, North Carolina)
Windsor Historic District is a national historic district located at Windsor, Bertie County, North Carolina. It encompasses 78 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, 7 contributing structures, and 1 contributing object in the town of Windsor.  It includes residential, commercial, and institutional buildings that primarily date after the turn of the 20th century. Notable buildings include the Bertie County Courthouse and Confederate Monument, Masonic Lodge (1848, 1917), Spruill Building, J. B. Gillam House, St. Thomas Episcopal Church, and Cashie Baptist Church (1910).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Drawer pull
A drawer pull (wire pull or simply pull) is a handle to pull a drawer out of a chest of drawers, cabinet or other furniture piece.

A drawer pull often includes an escutcheon plate  to (or through) which the handle is fastened. The handle may swing from one or two mounts ("drop handle" or "swing handle"), a form of bail handle, making a drop drawer pull. The handle may also be permanently fastened to the plate. The plate may be ornamented by piercing, embossing, or engraving, and may receive decorative finishes such as plating, etching, and antiquing. Handle stock may be round, rectangular, or irregular forged shapes.

Drawer pulls may also be in one piece, either a handle only, typically U-shaped or a form of knob, or a plate shaped into a grip. Cup, shell, and bin styles are popular versions of the latter, with or without an integral backing plate.

Drawer
A drawer (/drɔːr/ ⓘ DROR) is a box-shaped container inside a piece of furniture that can be pulled out horizontally to access its contents. Drawers are built into numerous types of furniture, including cabinets, chests of drawers (bureaus), desks, and the like.
Battle of Lahrawat
The Battle of Lahrawat was fought between two factions of the Delhi Sultanate in 1320. Malik Tughluq, the governor of Dipalpur, challenged the authority of Khusrau Khan, who had usurped the throne of Delhi. After defeating an army sent by Khusrau Khan at the Battle of Saraswati, Tughluq marched towards Delhi, and encamped at a plain called Lahrawat.

Khusrau Khan led an army against him, and inflicted severe losses on his camp. When Tughluq was left with around 500 soldiers, Khusrau Khan's soldiers turned their focus towards plundering the enemy baggage, believing they had won the battle. Taking advantage of this, Tughluq launched a direct attack on Khusrau Khan, forcing him to flee the battlefield. Subsequently, the rest of Khusrau Khan's army either fled or was defeated by Tughluq's force.

Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (Persian: غیاث الدین تغلق), also known as Ghazi Malik (غازی ملک; died 1 February 1325), was the Sultan of Delhi from 1320 to 1325. He was the first sultan of the Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. During his reign, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq founded the city of Tughluqabad. His reign ended upon his death in 1325 when a pavilion built in his honour collapsed. The 14th century historian Ibn Battuta claimed that the death of the sultan was the result of a conspiracy against him.

Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq was succeeded by his eldest son, Muhammad bin Tughluq.
Armillifer armillatus
Armillifer armillatus is a species of tongue worm in the subclass Pentastomida occurring in tropical Africa. Its typical definitive hosts are pythons, such as the African rock python, while rodents are presumed to act as intermediate hosts. Humans may become accidentally infected by the eggs particularly if consuming (or otherwise contacting) infected snakes. Ingested eggs develop into nymphs that invade different visceral organs causing a disease called porocephalosis. Humans have been infected by eating undercooked snake meat or through direct contact. Most human infections are asymptomatic, some are debilitating, or rarely even lethal. Diagnoses of infection has usually been done by accident, and almost all patients did not require treatment.

Most of the pythons sold for human consumption at the rural bushmeat markets in the Democratic Republic of Congo host Armillifer armillatus.

Pentastomida
The Pentastomida are an enigmatic group of parasitic arthropods commonly known as tongue worms due to the resemblance of the species of the genus Linguatula to a vertebrate tongue; molecular studies point to them being highly derived crustaceans.

About 130 species of pentastomids are known; all are obligate parasites with correspondingly degenerate anatomy. Adult tongue worms vary from about 1 to 14 cm (0.4 to 5.5 in) in length and parasitize the respiratory tracts of vertebrates. They have five anterior appendages. One is the mouth; the others are two pairs of hooks, which they use to attach to the host. This arrangement led to their scientific name, meaning "five openings", but although the appendages are similar in some species, only one is a mouth.
National Highway 919 (India)
National Highway 919 (NH 919) is a National Highway in India. It connects Palwal and Rewari in Haryana via Dharuhera and Sohna, all of which are in Haryana.

It merges with NH 48 (Delhi-Jaipur highway) at Dharuhera, and again separates as NH 919 after 3 km at Masani Barrage at Sahibi River.

Its former number was NH 71B before all the national highways were renumbered in the year 2010.

National Highway 48 (India)
National Highway 48 (NH 48) is a major National Highway of India that starts at Delhi and terminates at Chennai, traversing through seven states of India. It has a total length of 2807 km (1744 miles). NH 48 passes through the states of Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The stretch between Pune and Bengaluru was known as P.B. Road in olden days.

Its stretch from Delhi to Mumbai was earlier designated as NH 8, and the stretch between Mumbai and Chennai was designated, NH 4 before all the national highways were renumbered in the year 2010.
Mount Press
Mount Press is a peak rising to 3,830 m (12,570 ft) in the north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is linked to Eyer Peak by Zvegor Saddle, and surmounts Embree Glacier to the north and Ellen Glacier to the southeast. Mount Press is the summit of Probuda Ridge, and was first ascended by the American Jed Brown and the Chileans Camilo Rada and Maria Paz 'Pachi' Ibarra on 31 December 2006.

The peak is named for Frank Press, vice chairman of the technical panel on glaciology of the U.S. National Committee for the IGY; later (1977- ) White House Science Advisor.

Eyer Peak
Eyer Peak (Bulgarian: връх Айер, romanized: vrah Ayer, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ɐˈjɛr]) is the peak rising to 3,358 metres (11,017 ft) in Probuda Ridge, north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is separated from the north-northeastern part of Probuda Ridge by the 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) high Zvegor Saddle, and surmounts Embree Glacier to the northwest and north, and Ellen Glacier to the southeast.  First ascent by the Australian-Chilean team of Damien Gildea on 31 December 2006.

The peak is named after the Swiss Bulgarian pedagogue Louis-Emil Eyer (1865-1916), founder of the sports movement in Bulgaria.
2006 New Democratic Party of Newfoundland and Labrador leadership election
The New Democratic Party of Newfoundland and Labrador held their leadership convention from May 26–28, 2006. This leadership election was called to elect a new leader to succeed Jack Harris, who had served as party leader since 1992. Harris had also served as Member of the House of Assembly for Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi since a 1990 by-election. In the end Lorraine Michael won the party's leadership, defeating writer Nina Patey. Michael won 107 votes to Patey’s 5. Lorraine Michael, later went on to win the by-election held in Harris' district, Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi and became one of two NDP MHAs in the House of Assembly.

Lorraine Michael
Lorraine Michael (born March 27, 1943) is a social-democratic Canadian politician from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. From May 2006 until March 2015, Michael was the leader of the Newfoundland and Labrador New Democratic Party (NDP). She is a former nun, teacher, and social activist.

On November 1, 2006, she was elected Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) for the district of Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi, and re-elected the following year in the provincial election, and again in 2011. On January 6, 2015, Michael announced her resignation of leader of the NDP following a leadership election which took place on March 7, 2015. Michael successfully contested the 2015 provincial election in the district of St. John's East-Quidi Vidi. Following the resignation of her successor as NDP leader, Earle McCurdy, Michael served as interim leader of the NDP from 2017 until 2018. She did not re-offer at the May 16, 2019 provincial election and retired from the legislature.
Rambhala
Rambhala is an Indian film director, who has directed Tamil films. He rose to fame through his work on the comedy television show Lollu Sabha, and has gone on to make feature films including Dhilluku Dhuddu (2016) and Idiot (2022).

Lollu Sabha
Lollu Sabha is a 2003–2008 Indian Tamil-language comedy series written by Rambhala and starring Santhanam, Swaminathan, Lollu Sabha Manohar, Balaji, Jangiri Madhumitha. It was broadcast on STAR Vijay with 156 episodes. Each episode of the series was a spoof of a Tamil feature film and television show. Comedy actor Santhanam, Swaminathan, Manohar, Yogi Babu and Madhumitha are the leads of the show.
Es de Velasco
Es de Velasco, or mostly just known as "Velasco", was a chain of high-end department stores operating in Puerto Rico. The chain was later bought out by its main competitor González Padín in 1991 and closed in 1995.

Plaza Carolina
Plaza Carolina is an enclosed shopping mall located in Carolina, Puerto Rico. Anchored by JCPenney, TJ Maxx, Forever 21, Caribbean Cinemas, Burlington, Chili's Grill & Bar, and Supermercados Econo, it features 161 stores, making it the second largest mall in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. The mall has a food court in its second floor and several offices in its third floor.

Plaza Carolina recently housed a Forever 21 store which closed in 2025.
Mikhail Kazakov
Mikhail Ilyich Kazakov (Russian: Михаи́л Ильи́ч Казако́в; 9 October [O.S. 26 September] 1901 – 25 December 1979) was an army general of the Soviet Army and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

After serving as an ordinary soldier in the final stages of the Russian Civil War, Kazakov became a political commissar during the 1920s but shifted over to command and staff positions from the mid-1920s. He rose to chief of staff the Central Asian Military District by the time Operation Barbarossa began, and 1942 and 1943 served as chief of staff and deputy commander of fronts, with a stint as commander of the 69th Army during the Third Battle of Kharkov. Kazakov commanded the 10th Guards Army from early 1944 as it advanced into the Baltic states and blockaded the Courland Pocket. Postwar, he rose to command of the Southern Group of Forces and the Leningrad Military District, ending his career as first deputy chief of the General Staff.

Courland Pocket
The Courland Pocket was a pocket located on the Courland Peninsula in Latvia on the Eastern Front of World War II from 9 October 1944 to 10 May 1945.

Army Group North of the Wehrmacht were surrounded in western Latvia by the Red Army after the Baltic Offensive, when forces of the 1st Baltic Front reached the Baltic Sea near Memel (Klaipėda) after the collapse of Army Group Centre during Operation Bagration. Army Group North retreated to the Courland Pocket and was renamed Army Group Courland on 25 January, holding off six Red Army offensives until the German Instrument of Surrender was signed on 8 May 1945. Army Group Courland were in a communication "blackout" and did not get the official order until 10 May, becoming one of the last German groups to surrender in Europe.
Usnea filipendula
Usnea filipendula, the fishbone beard lichen, is a pale gray-green fruticose lichen with a pendant growth form, growing in up to 20 cm many-branching tassels hanging from the bark of trees. In California, it mostly grows on mostly conifer in the Coast Range, but also in the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada range.: 206  It lacks apothecia. It is similar to Usnea scabrata, but is darker, has a thicker cortex, and different chemistry. Lichen spot tests are K+ red, KC−, C−, and P+ yellow.

Usnea scabrata
Usnea scabrata, the straw beard lichen, is a pale grayish-yellowish green, slender, pendant, branching from the base, unequally branching, shrubby fruticose lichen that grows from holdfasts on trees.: 214  It is warty with abundant isidia.: 214  It resembles Usnea filipendula.: 214
Thornton-le-Street
Thornton-le-Street is a village and parochial and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Thornton-le-Moor and Thornton-le-Street for District purposes. As the population remained less 100 at the 2011 Census details are included in the civil parish of Thornton-le-Moor. In 2015, North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population to have been 90.

Thornton-le-Street is situated about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Thirsk and about 5.3 miles (8.5 km) south-east of the county town of Northallerton. The whole village is within the site of the old medieval village and designated and Ancient Monument under the terms of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. It is located between the west bank of the Cod Beck and the A168 road between Thirsk and Northallerton.

Cod Beck, North Yorkshire
Cod Beck is a river in North Yorkshire, England. It has a catchment area of 8,912 hectares (34.41 sq mi). It flows for over 20 miles (32 km) from Osmotherley, through Thirsk, and enters the River Swale just to the south of Topcliffe.