hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint
The sacroiliac joint is a paired joint in the pelvis that lies between the sacrum and an ilium. Due to its location in the lower back, a dysfunctional sacroiliac joint may cause lower back and/or leg pain. The resulting leg pain can be severe, resembling sciatica or a slipped disc. While nonsurgical treatments are effective for some, others have found that surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint is the only method to relieve pain.

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is diagnosed by a physician. Associated surgery should only occur when certain criteria are satisfied. Surgical options, such as the degree of invasiveness, can then be evaluated when deciding on a treatment plan.

If complications occur, they are often detected early (during surgery or shortly after) and correlate with the surgical approach. Results and outcomes vary according to the patient, pathology, surgeon, procedure, and methods.

Sacroiliac joint
The sacroiliac joint or SI joint (SIJ) is the joint between the sacrum and the ilium bones of the pelvis, which are connected by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine  and is supported in turn by an ilium on each side. The joint is strong,  supporting the entire weight of the upper body.  It is a synovial plane joint with irregular elevations and depressions that produce interlocking of the two bones. The human body has two sacroiliac joints, one on the left and one on the right, that often match each other but are highly variable from person to person.
The Trolleybus Museum at Sandtoft
The Trolleybus Museum at Sandtoft is a transport museum which specialises in the preservation of trolleybuses. It is located by the village of Sandtoft, near Belton on the Isle of Axholme in the English county of Lincolnshire.

Sandtoft, Lincolnshire
Sandtoft is a hamlet in the civil parish of Belton, North Lincolnshire, England.

Sandtoft is in Hatfield Chase on the Isle of Axholme, 3 miles (5 km) north-west from Epworth. The village was served by the Isle of Axholme Joint Railway with a goods station serving the former RAF airfield.

In the Middle Ages the Benedictine St Mary's Abbey, York, had a cell here of a single monk, sometimes referred to as Sandtoft Priory. It was founded by Roger de Mowbray sometime between 1147 and 1186 and dissolved around 1291. No physical remains have been discovered.

RAF Sandtoft was an RAF Bomber Command airfield. It opened in April 1944, closed in November 1945 and was sold for civilian uses in 1955.  Today part of the site is Sandtoft Airfield and The Trolleybus Museum at Sandtoft, Europe's largest trolleybus museum, is on another part.

Sandtoft and nearby Epworth, Lincolnshire were centres of unrest during the 17th draining of The Fens.
Michael Grumley
Michael Grumley (July 6, 1942 – April 28, 1988) was an American writer and artist.

Grumley was born in Bettendorf, Iowa. He attended the University of Denver, the City College of New York and the Iowa Writers' Workshop. Grumley received a B.S. Degree with a major in Philosophy from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 1964.

Grumley was a founding member of The Violet Quill. His partner, another founding member of the Quill, was Robert Ferro. He wrote a regularly appearing column Uptown for the New York Native. Grumley and Ferro are buried together under the Ferro-Grumley memorial in Rockland Cemetery, Sparkill, New York.

Following their deaths, the Ferro-Grumley Foundation, which manages their estate, created and endowed the annual Ferro-Grumley Award for LGBT fiction in conjunction with Publishing Triangle.

Robert Ferro
Robert Ferro (October 21, 1941 – July 11, 1988) was an American novelist whose semi-autobiographical fiction explored the uneasy integration of homosexuality and traditional American upper middle class values.
Jiang Xin (badminton)
Jiang Xin (Chinese: 蔣欣; born 18 January 1969) is a Chinese former badminton player who later moved to Australia and ran a badminton school in Melbourne. He was the bronze medalists at the 1994 Asian Games in the men's doubles and team events. Jiang competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the men's doubles teamed-up with Huang Zhanzhong.

Huang Zhanzhong
Huang Zhanzhong (simplified Chinese: 黄展忠; traditional Chinese: 黃展忠; born 5 November 1968) is a Chinese badminton player. He won the men's doubles title at the 1995 Asian Cup, and was part of Chinese team that won the 1990 Asian Games and 1995 Sudirman Cup. Huang competed in the men's doubles tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Roadshow Entertainment
Roadshow Entertainment (formerly known as Roadshow Home Video from 1982–1993) is an Australian home video, production and distribution company that is a division of Village Roadshow (formerly Roadshow Home Video and Roadshow Entertainment) that distributes films in Australia and New Zealand. Their first release was Mad Max. Roadshow Entertainment Limited is an independent video distributor in Australia and New Zealand.

Village Roadshow
Village Roadshow is an Australian company which operates cinemas and theme parks, and produces and distributes films. Before being acquired by private equity company BGH Capital, the company was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and majority owned by Village Roadshow Corporation, with members of founder Roc Kirby's family in the top roles.
Max Wintermark
Max Wintermark is a Swiss and American neuroradiologist (brain-imaging expert) who pioneered perfusion scanning of the brain. Wintermark is currently a Professor and the Chair of Neuroradiology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Center in Houston, Texas. Previously, he worked at Stanford and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, VA. He trained in Lausanne, Switzerland and at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Wintermark is editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Neuroradiology and past president chair of the American Society of Neuroradiology.

Perfusion scanning
Perfusion is the passage of fluid through the lymphatic system or blood vessels to an organ or a tissue. The practice of perfusion scanning is the process by which this perfusion can be observed, recorded and quantified. The term perfusion scanning encompasses a wide range of medical imaging modalities.
Henri-Gatien Bertrand
Henri-Gatien Bertrand (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi ɡasjɛ̃ bɛʁtʁɑ̃]; 22 March 1773 – 31 January 1844) was a French general who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Under the Empire he was the third and last Grand marshal of the palace, the head of the Military Household of emperor Napoleon, whom he followed in both the exiles to Elba and Saint Helena.

Grand marshal of the palace
Grand marshal of the palace (French: Grand maréchal du palais) was the title used by the leader of the Military Household of the Emperor, during the First French Empire. The responsibilities of this position included: keeping accounts of the expenses (food, scouting, security, servants, etc.), policing and ensuring the security of the household, during wartime as well as during peacetime.

General Géraud Duroc held the position from the moment when Napoleon I became Emperor of the French (18 May 1804) until his death in battle on 23 May 1813. Then, from 25 May, General Armand de Caulaincourt replaced Duroc but the position was again vacant later that year, when Caulaincourt became foreign minister (20 November). From that date, General Bertrand became grand marshal, exercising his duties during the last days of the empire, as well as in exile on the islands of Elba and Saint Helena, up until the death of the emperor on 5 May 1821.
Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland
Article 2 and Article 3 of the Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann) were adopted with the Constitution of Ireland as a whole on 29 December 1937, but revised completely by means of the Nineteenth Amendment which became effective 2 December 1999. As amended, they grant the right to be "part of the Irish Nation" to all those people born on the island of Ireland; the articles also express a desire for the peaceful political unification of the island subject to the consent of the people of Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland. Before 1999, Articles 2 and 3 made the claim that the whole island formed one "national territory".

Twenty-seventh Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
The Twenty-seventh Amendment of the Constitution Act 2004 (previously bill no. 15 of 2004) amended the Constitution of Ireland to limit the constitutional right to Irish citizenship of individuals born on the island of Ireland to the children of at least one Irish citizen and the children of at least one parent who is, at the time of the birth, entitled to Irish citizenship. It was approved by referendum on 11 June 2004 and signed into law on 24 June of the same year. It affected in part changes made to the Constitution by the Nineteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland which was passed as part of the Good Friday Agreement.
Grosvenor Gallery
The Grosvenor Gallery was an art gallery in London founded in 1877 by Sir Coutts Lindsay and his wife Blanche.  Its first directors were J. Comyns Carr and Charles Hallé.  The gallery proved crucial to the Aesthetic Movement because it provided a home for those artists whose approaches the more classical and conservative Royal Academy did not welcome, such as Edward Burne-Jones and Walter Crane.

Walter Crane
Walter Crane (15 August 1845 – 14 March 1915) was an English artist and book illustrator. He is considered to be the most influential, and among the most prolific, children's book creators of his generation and, along with Randolph Caldecott and Kate Greenaway, one of the strongest contributors to the child's nursery motif that the genre of English children's illustrated literature would exhibit in its developmental stages in the later 19th century.

Crane's work featured some of the more colourful and detailed beginnings of the child-in-the-garden motifs that would characterize many nursery rhymes and children's stories for decades to come. He was part of the Arts and Crafts movement and produced an array of paintings, illustrations, children's books, ceramic tiles, wallpapers and other decorative arts. Crane is also remembered for his creation of a number of iconic images associated with the international socialist movement.
USS Mount Hood (AE-11)
USS Mount Hood (AE-11) was the lead ship of her class of ammunition ships for the United States Navy in World War II. She was the first ship named after Mount Hood, a volcano in the Cascade Range in the US state of Oregon. On 10 November 1944, shortly after 18 men had departed for shore leave, the rest of the crew were killed when the ship exploded in Seeadler Harbor at Manus Island in Papua New Guinea. The ship was obliterated while also sinking or severely damaging 22 smaller craft nearby.

Seeadler Harbor
Seeadler Harbor, also known as Port Seeadler, is located on Manus Island, Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea and played an important role in World War II. In German, "Seeadler" means sea eagle, pointing to German colonial activity between 1884 and 1919 in that area. The bay was named in 1900 after the German cruiser SMS Seeadler.
Ismaila Gwarzo
Alhaji Ismaila Gwarzo is a retired Nigerian high ranking security and intelligence official. He was a police officer, and the first Director of the State Security Service; Minister of Police Affairs and was also the National Security Adviser to Head of State Sani Abacha. He has been linked to the theft of about $2.45 billion from the Central Bank of Nigeria.

State Security Service (Nigeria)
The State Security Service (SSS), self-styled as the Department of State Services (DSS), is a security agency in Nigeria and one of three successor organisations to the National Security Organization (NSO). The agency is under the Presidency of Nigeria, and it reports its activities direct to the President, office of the ONSA, headquartered in Abuja.
Peter Jenniskens
Petrus Matheus Marie (Peter) Jenniskens (born 1962 in Meterik) is a Dutch-American astronomer and a senior research scientist at the Carl Sagan Center of the SETI Institute and at NASA Ames Research Center. He is an expert on meteor showers, and wrote the book Meteor Showers and their Parent Comets, published in 2006 and Atlas of Earth’s Meteor Showers, published in 2023. He is past president of Commission 22 of the International Astronomical Union (2012–2015) and was chair of the Working Group on Meteor Shower Nomenclature (2006–2012) after it was first established.  Asteroid 42981 Jenniskens is named in his honor.

In 2008, Jenniskens, together with Muawia Shaddad, led a team from the University of Khartoum in Sudan that recovered fragments of asteroid 2008 TC3 in the Nubian Desert, marking the first time meteorite fragments had been found from an object that was previously tracked in outer space before hitting Earth.

2008 TC3
2008 TC3 (Catalina Sky Survey temporary designation 8TA9D69) was an 80-tonne (80-long-ton; 90-short-ton), 4.1-meter (13 ft) diameter asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on October 7, 2008. It exploded at an estimated 37 kilometers (23 mi) above the Nubian Desert in Sudan. Some 600 meteorites, weighing a total of 10.5 kilograms (23.1 lb), were recovered; many of these belonged to a rare type known as ureilites, which contain, among other minerals, nanodiamonds.

It was the first time that an asteroid impact had been predicted before its entry into the atmosphere as a meteor.
Health
Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury.

Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders.

Health policy
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society". According to the World Health Organization, an explicit health policy can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future; it outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it builds consensus and informs people.
Queenie Ashton
Queenie Ashton (AM) (11 November 1903 – 21 October 1999), was a British singer, dancer, and actress, having started her career as a soprano and theatre actress in her naive UK, she had a long career in Australia as a radio and television performer, with a career spanning over 75 years.

Ashton was born as Edith Muriel Ashton in Stoke Newington, London, from 1946 upon her marriage she legally used the name Ethel Muriel Cover.

Her best known roles where in the radio serial's  The Lawsons from 1944 and 1949 as Lee Gordon (the wife of Dr. Gordon) and its sequel Blue Hills as the elderly "Granny" Emily Bishop a role she played for some 27 years from 1949 and 1976, she would also play the character in TV series Autumn Affair.

Ashton alongside her contemporaries including Gwen Plumb, Ethel Lang, Grace Gibson and Margaret Christensen,has been described as a pioneer for females in radio. Her other prominent role was as Dolly Lucas in TV series Certain Women

Certain Women (TV series)
Certain Women is an Australian television soap opera created by prominent Australian TV dramatist Tony Morphett and produced by the Australian Broadcasting Commission between 1973 and 1976. There were a total of 166 fifty-minute episodes. Episodes 1–59 were produced in black and white and, starting in with the introduction of colour broadcasting in Australia in 1975, episodes 60–166 were produced and broadcast in colour.
John George Walker
Major-General John George Walker (July 22, 1821 – July 20, 1893) was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. He served as a brigadier general under Stonewall Jackson and James Longstreet, before commanding the Texas Division unit in the Trans-Mississippi Department, known as Walker's Greyhounds for their speed and agility. He was ordered to disrupt U.S. Grant's supply-line opposite Vicksburg, Mississippi, but Grant had managed to cross to the East Bank, and Walker was reduced to minor operations, one of them against some of the first African-American troops to serve in battle. He was able to make a bigger contribution to the Red River Campaign in support of General Richard Taylor.

Richard Taylor (Confederate general)
Richard "Dick" Taylor (January 27, 1826 – April 12, 1879) was an American planter, politician, military historian, and Confederate general. Following the outbreak of the American Civil War, Taylor joined the Confederate States Army, serving first as a brigade commander in Virginia and later as an army commander in the trans-Mississippi Theater. Taylor commanded the District of West Louisiana and opposed United States troops advancing through upper northwest Louisiana during the Red River Campaign of 1864. He was the only son of Zachary Taylor, the 12th president of the United States. After the war and Reconstruction, Taylor published a memoir about his experiences.
Alexandra Paul
Alexandra Elizabeth Paul (born July 29, 1963) is an American actress, with dual British citizenship. She began her career modeling in New York before landing her first major role in John Carpenter's horror film Christine (1983). This was followed with prominent roles in Just the Way You Are (1984), American Flyers (1985), 8 Million Ways to Die (1986), and Dragnet (1987).

She is best known for her role as Lt. Stephanie Holden in the television series Baywatch from 1992 to 1997. She has performed in over 100 movies and television shows.

American Flyers
American Flyers is a 1985 American sports drama film about bicycle racing. It was directed by John Badham and written by Steve Tesich. The film stars Kevin Costner, David Marshall Grant, Rae Dawn Chong, Alexandra Paul and Janice Rule.
Rolf Nannestad
Rolf Nannestad (August 29, 1887 – December 15, 1969) was a Norwegian actor.

Nannestad was born in Svinør, Norway. He worked at the New Theater in the 1930s, and he was later engaged with the Norwegian Theater, People's Theater, Oslo New Theater, and Stage 7. Nannestad appeared in several films between 1938 and 1968, with his film debut in Det drønner gjennom dalen.

Det drønner gjennom dalen
Det drønner gjennom dalen (English: A Boom through the Valley) is a 1938 Norwegian drama film written and directed by Olav Dalgard, starring Tryggve Larssen and Ragnhild Hald. It follows the trials and tribulations of contemporary lumberjacks.
Augusta, Maine minor league baseball history
Minor league baseball teams were based in Augusta, Maine in various seasons between 1895 and 1908. Augusta teams played as members of the New England League from 1895 to 1896, Maine State League in 1897, New England League in 1901 and the Maine State League from 1907 to 1908.

Augusta hosted home minor league games at the Augusta Driving Park.

New England League
The New England League was a mid-level league in American minor league baseball that played intermittently in five of the six New England states (Vermont excepted) between 1886 and 1949. After 1901, it existed in the shadow of two Major League Baseball clubs in Boston and alongside stronger, higher-classification leagues.

In 1946, the NEL, the International League and the Canadian–American League – which all included farm teams of the Brooklyn Dodgers – were the first 20th century leagues (other than the Negro leagues) to permit African Americans to play. The following season, Jackie Robinson and Larry Doby would integrate the major leagues.
Benjamin Farar Jr.
Benjamin Farar (1773–1825), sometimes spelled Farrar, was a slave-owning planter and territorial militia officer in the lower Mississippi River valley of the United States. He was one of the richest cotton plantation owners in the Natchez District of Mississippi and Concordia Parish, Louisiana. He served as captain of a militia company of mounted dragoons drawn from Adams County, Mississippi Territory who were deployed for the transfer of the Louisiana Purchase from France to the United States in 1803, and for the Sabine Expedition in 1806.

William Newton Mercer
William Newton Mercer (1790 – August 16, 1874) was a surgeon, plantation and slave owner in the lower Mississippi River valley before the American Civil War, banker, and civic leader of 19th-century New Orleans. His New Orleans residence later became the clubhouse of The Boston Club, which has been associated with the history of business and Carnival in New Orleans.
Saccharin
Saccharin, also called saccharine, benzosulfimide, or E954, or used in saccharin sodium or saccharin calcium forms, is a non-nutritive artificial sweetener. Saccharin is a sultam that is about 500 times sweeter than sucrose, but has a bitter or metallic aftertaste, especially at high concentrations. It is used to sweeten products, such as drinks, candies, baked goods, tobacco products, excipients, and for masking the bitter taste of some medicines. It appears as white crystals and is odorless.

Aspartame
Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with brand names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. Discovered in 1965, aspartame was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974 and re-approved in 1981 after its initial approval was briefly revoked.

Aspartame is one of the most studied food additives in the human food supply. Reviews by over 100 governmental regulatory bodies found the ingredient safe for consumption at the normal acceptable daily intake limit.
Vincenzo Savio
Vincenzo Savio, SDB, (6 April 1944 – 31 March 2004) was an Italian Salesian who served as the Bishop of Belluno-Feltre.

Hailed as a pious and spiritual pastor, there have been calls for his beatification.

Diocese of Belluno-Feltre
The Diocese of Belluno-Feltre (Latin: Dioecesis Bellunensis-Feltrensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in the Veneto, northern Italy, organized in its current form in 1986. From 1197 to 1762, and again from 1818 to 1986, the Diocese of Belluno and the Diocese of Feltre were united under a single bishop, with the name diocese of Belluno e Feltre. The current diocese is a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Venice.