hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Filipów
Gmina Filipów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Filipów, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) north-west of Suwałki and 124 km (77 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 150.35 square kilometres (58.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,478.

Filipów, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Filipów (Polish pronunciation: [fiˈlipuf]; Lithuanian: Pilypavas) is a village in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Filipów.

Formerly a town, Filipów had a city rights from 1570 to 1870, when, as many other former towns in Poland, it lost this status after the January Uprising. It was a site of Battle of Filipów in 1656.

There was a Jewish COmmunity in Filipów; 75 years after 1939 the community Jewish Torah Scroll was recovered
The Bowery (film)
The Bowery is a 1933 American pre-Code historical comedy-drama film set on the Lower East Side of Manhattan around the start of the 20th century directed by Raoul Walsh and starring Wallace Beery and George Raft. The supporting cast features Jackie Cooper, Fay Wray, and Pert Kelton.

George Raft
George Raft (né Ranft; September 26, 1901 – November 24, 1980) was an American film actor and dancer identified with portrayals of gangsters in crime melodramas of the 1930s and '40s. A stylish leading man in dozens of movies, Raft is remembered for his gangster roles in Quick Millions (1931) with Spencer Tracy, Scarface (1932) with Paul Muni, Each Dawn I Die (1939) with James Cagney, Invisible Stripes (1939) with Humphrey Bogart, and Billy Wilder's comedy Some Like It Hot (1959) with Marilyn Monroe and Jack Lemmon; and as a dancer in Bolero (1934) with Carole Lombard and a truck driver in They Drive by Night (1940) with Ann Sheridan, Ida Lupino and again with Bogart.

Raft's association with organized crime figures resulted in controversy throughout his life, and led to a ban from Great Britain in 1967.
The Late Shift (book)
The Late Shift: Letterman, Leno, and the Network Battle for the Night is a 1994 non-fiction book written by The New York Times media reporter Bill Carter. It chronicles the early 1990s conflict surrounding the American late-night talk show The Tonight Show. The book was later made into a film of the same name by HBO.

The Late Shift (film)
The Late Shift is a 1996 American made-for-television biographical film directed by Betty Thomas, and written by New York Times media reporter Bill Carter and George Armitage. Released by HBO Pictures and produced in conjunction with Northern Lights Entertainment, the film premiered on HBO on February 24, 1996.

Based on Carter's 1994 book of the same name, the film chronicles the late-night television conflict between Jay Leno and David Letterman in the early 1990s, surrounding NBC's appointment of Leno to succeed Johnny Carson as host of The Tonight Show, and Late Night host Letterman's resulting efforts to negotiate out of his contract with the network to host his own competing talk show for CBS.
Lomatia tinctoria
Lomatia tinctoria, commonly known as guitar plant, is a shrub to about 2 metres tall of the family Proteaceae. It is one of three species of Lomatia endemic to Tasmania, the others being L. polymorpha and L. tasmanica. Lomatia tinctoria is closely related to L. polymorpha, with which it sometimes hybridises.  Its leaves are divided, while those of L. polymorpha are simple.

Lomatia tasmanica
Lomatia tasmanica, commonly known as King's lomatia or King's holly, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae native to Tasmania. Growing up to 8 metres (26 ft) tall, the plant has shiny green pinnate leaves and bears red flowers in the summer, but yields neither fruit nor seeds. King's lomatia is unusual because all of the remaining plants are genetically identical clones. Because it has three sets of chromosomes (a triploid) and is therefore sterile, reproduction occurs only vegetatively: when a branch falls, that branch grows new roots, establishing a new plant that is genetically identical to its parent.

Charles Denison "Deny" King discovered the plant in 1934, though it was not described until 1967 by botanist Winifred Mary Curtis of the Tasmanian Herbarium. Only one colony of King's lomatia is known to be alive in the wild, consisting of about 500 to 600 plants over an area 1.2 km (0.75 mi) in length.
Leonid Spiridonov
Leonid Spiridonov (born December 16, 1980, in Kerdyom) is a freestyle wrestler from Kazakhstan. He participated in Men's freestyle 66 kg at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He lost the bronze medal fight against Sushil Kumar from India and was ranked on 4-5th place.

At Men's freestyle 66 kg at 2004 Summer Olympics he was ranked on 4th place as well.

He also participated in the 2006 Asian Games.

Sushil Kumar
Sushil Kumar (born 26 May 1983) is a former Indian freestyle wrestler. He is a two-time Olympic medallist who won a bronze at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, India's first wrestling medal since K. D. Jadhav in 1952, and a silver at the 2012 London Olympics. He is the first and only Indian to win a gold medal at the World Wrestling Championships. Kumar participated in the Queen’s Baton Relay at the 2010 Commonwealth Games and was India’s flag bearer at the 2012 London Olympics. He was conferred the Arjuna Award in 2005, Khel Ratna in 2009 and the Padma Shri in 2011.
Up Close & Personal (film)
Up Close & Personal is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed by Jon Avnet from a screenplay written by Joan Didion and John Gregory Dunne. It stars Robert Redford as a news director and Michelle Pfeiffer as his protégée, with Stockard Channing, Joe Mantegna, and Kate Nelligan in supporting roles.

The screenplay began as an adaptation of Golden Girl: The Story of Jessica Savitch, a 1988 book by Alanna Nash that recounted the troubled life of American news anchor Jessica Savitch. The finished picture, however, was greatly altered by commercial decisions on the part of the producers, and bore little resemblance to Savitch's biography. Dunne, having spent eight years working on the script with his wife Didion, later wrote a book describing his difficult experience, titled Monster: Living Off the Big Screen.

"Because You Loved Me", the film's theme song written by Diane Warren and performed by Celine Dion, was nominated for Best Original Song at the 69th Academy Awards.

Monster: Living Off the Big Screen
Monster: Living Off the Big Screen is a nonfiction book by John Gregory Dunne published in 1997. The book recounts Dunne's experiences as a screenwriter in Hollywood, particularly the process of drafting the screenplay for Up Close & Personal (1996), a movie starring Robert Redford and Michelle Pfeiffer. It details the meetings, writing, rewriting and all the other struggles in the way of creating a sellable screenplay. In the book, Dunne claims that Up Close & Personal started off as a biopic about television journalist Jessica Savitch, only to end up being a Star Is Born-type film, where one character is a "rising star", and the person she/he is in love with becomes a "falling star".
Group C
Group C was a category of sports car racing introduced by the FIA in 1982 and continuing until 1993, with Group A for touring cars and Group B for GTs.

It was designed to replace both Group 5 special production cars (closed top touring prototypes like Porsche 935) and Group 6 two-seat racing cars (open-top sportscar prototypes like Porsche 936). Group C was used in the FIA's World Endurance Championship (1982–1985), World Sports-Prototype Championship (1986–1990), World Sportscar Championship (1991–1992) and in the European Endurance Championship (1983 only). It was also used for other sports car racing series around the globe (All Japan Sports Prototype Championship, Supercup, Interserie). The final year for the class came in 1993, thereafter being replaced by Group GT1.

Broadly similar rules were used in the North American IMSA Grand Touring Prototype series (GTP).

Group 5 (motorsport)
Group 5 was an FIA motor racing classification which was applied to four distinct categories during the years 1966 to 1982. Initially Group 5 regulations defined a Special Touring Car category and from 1970 to 1971 the classification was applied to limited production Sports Cars restricted to 5 litre engine capacity. The Group 5 Sports Car category was redefined in 1972 to exclude the minimum production requirement and limit engine capacity to 3 litres. From 1976 to 1982 Group 5 was for Special Production Cars, a liberal silhouette formula based on homologated production vehicles.
35th Filmfare Awards
The 35th Filmfare Awards for Hindi cinema were held in 1990.

Maine Pyaar Kiya led the ceremony with 12 nominations, followed by Chandni with 10 nominations, Ram Lakhan with 9 nominations, and Parinda and Tridev with 6 nominations each.

Sooraj Barjatya's Maine Pyaar Kiya won 6 awards, including Best Film, thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Vidhu Vinod Chopra's Parinda was the other big winner on the night with 5 awards, including Best Director (for Vidhu Vinod Chopra), Best Actor (for Jackie Shroff) and Best Supporting Actor (for Nana Patekar).

This rivalry between Sooraj Barjatya and Vidhu Vinod Chopra resurfaced at the 40th Filmfare Awards, where once again Barjatya's Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! beat out Chopra's 1942: A Love Story for Best Film.

Sridevi received dual nominations for Best Actress for her performances in Chaalbaaz and Chandni, winning for the former.

Tridev
Tridev (transl. Trinity) is a 1989 Indian action thriller film written and directed by Rajiv Rai. It stars Naseeruddin Shah, Sunny Deol, Jackie Shroff, Madhuri Dixit, Sonam, Sangeeta Bijlani, Anupam Kher and Amrish Puri.

The film was critically acclaimed and commercially blockbuster at the box office and won two Filmfare Awards at the 35th Filmfare Awards in 1990. The film was remade in Telugu as Nakshatra Poratam, with Suman, Bhanuchander Prasad and Arun Pandian.
A Life for the Tsar
A Life for the Tsar (Russian: Жизнь за царя, romanized: Zhizn za tsarya listenⓘ) is a "patriotic-heroic tragic" opera in four acts with an epilogue by Mikhail Glinka. During the Soviet era the opera was known under the name Ivan Susanin (Russian: Иван Сусанин listenⓘ), due to the anti-monarchist censorship.

The original Russian libretto, based on historical events, was written by Nestor Kukolnik, Egor Fyodorovich (von) Rozen, Vladimir Sollogub and Vasily Zhukovsky. It premiered on 27 November 1836 OS (9 December NS) at the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre in Saint Petersburg. The historical basis of the plot involves Ivan Susanin, a patriotic hero of the early 17th century who died in the expulsion of the invading Polish army for the newly elected Tsar Michael of Russia, the first of the Romanov dynasty, elected in 1613.

Ivan Susanin
Ivan Susanin (Russian: Иван Сусанин, IPA: [ɪˈvan sʊˈsanʲɪn]; died 1613) was a Russian national hero and martyr of the early-17th-century Time of Troubles. According to the popular legend, Polish troops seeking to kill Tsar Mikhail hired Susanin as a guide. Susanin persuaded them to take a secret path through the Russian forests, and neither they nor Susanin were ever heard from again.
Gavin Packard
Gavin Packard (8 June 1964 – 18 May 2012) was an Indian actor of Irish American descent, noted for the villainous roles he portrayed in many Bollywood films of the 1990s like Sadak, Mohra, Tadipaar and Chamatkar.

He had also acted in several Malayalam films like Aayushkalam, Season, Aanaval Mothiram and Aryan. He also appeared in the 1989 Doordarshan Sci-fi Series Indradhanush. He left the industry in the early 2000s.

Chamatkar
Chamatkar (transl. Miracle) is a 1992 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy fantasy film directed by Rajiv Mehra. The film stars Naseeruddin Shah, Shah Rukh Khan, and Urmila Matondkar in pivotal roles. Film critic Sukanya Verma has described it as a "loose adaptation" of Blackbeard's Ghost (1968). As of 2016, the rights of this film are owned by Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment.
Sontag: Her Life and Work
Sontag: Her Life and Work is a 2019 biography of American writer Susan Sontag written by Benjamin Moser.

The book won the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. Judges of the prize called the book "an authoritatively constructed work told with pathos and grace, that captures the writer's genius and humanity alongside her addictions, sexual ambiguities, and volatile enthusiasms."

Susan Sontag
Susan Lee Sontag (/ˈsɒntæɡ/; January 16, 1933 – December 28, 2004) was an American writer and critic. She mostly wrote essays, but also published novels; she published her first major work, the essay "Notes on 'Camp' ", in 1964. Her best-known works include the critical works Against Interpretation (1966), On Photography (1977), Illness as Metaphor (1978) and Regarding the Pain of Others (2003), the short story "The Way We Live Now" (1986) and the novels The Volcano Lover (1992) and In America (1999).

Sontag was active in writing and speaking about, or traveling to, areas of conflict, including during the Vietnam War and the Siege of Sarajevo. She wrote extensively about literature, cinema, photography and media, illness, war, human rights, and left-wing politics. Her essays and speeches drew backlash and controversy, and she has been called "one of the most influential critics of her generation".
Partho Ghosh
Partho Ghosh (8 June 1949 – 9 June 2025) was an Indian film director and producer in Bollywood. He also directed Bengali films. His  successful films include 100 Days with Jackie Shroff and Madhuri Dixit, Teesra Kaun, Dalaal with Mithun Chakraborty, Agni-Sakshi with Jackie Shroff, Nana Patekar.

Teesra Kaun
Teesra Kaun? (transl: Who is the third person?) is a 1994 Indian Hindi language comedy action thriller film directed by Partho Ghosh. The film is a remake of the 1990 Malayalam film No.20 Madras Mail, directed by Joshiy and starring Mohanlal. It features Chunky Pandey, Mithun Chakraborty, Amol Palekar, Satish Shah, and Rakesh Bedi. The film was a success at the box office .
Abigail
Abigail (Hebrew: אֲבִיגַיִל, Modern: ʾAvīgayīl, Tiberian: ʾĂḇīḡayīl) was an Israelite woman in the Hebrew Bible married to Nabal; she married the future King David after Nabal's death (1 Samuel 25). Abigail was David's third wife, after Ahinoam and Saul's daughter, Michal, whom Saul later married to Palti, son of Laish, when David went into hiding.

Abigail became the mother of one of David's sons, who is listed in the Book of Chronicles under the name Daniel, in the Masoretic Text of the Books of Samuel as Chileab, and in the Septuagint text of 2 Samuel 3:3 as Δαλουια, Dalouia. Her name is spelled Abigal in 2 Samuel 17:25 in the American Standard Version.

Nabal
According to the 1st Book of Samuel Chapter 25, Nabal (Hebrew: נָבָל Nāḇāl, "fool")
was a rich Calebite, described as harsh and surly. He is featured in a story in which he is threatened by David over an insult, and ultimately killed by God.
José Riesgo
José Riesgo (8 September 1919 – 16 May 2002) was a Spanish actor. After fighting in the Spanish Civil War for the Spanish Republican Army, he began acting in 1943. He played Julián in Barrio Sésamo, where he got a success and he performed the same character on plays until his retirement. He died on 16 May 2002.

Barrio Sésamo
Barrio Sésamo ('Sesame Neighborhood') is the Spanish co-production of the popular American children's television series Sesame Street produced by Televisión Española and Sesame Workshop (formerly Children's Television Workshop) from 1979 to 2000, the equivalent of Plaza Sésamo in Mexico and Hispanic America. All characters adopted Spanish names while for the title of the series a more appropriate Spanish name was chosen: barrio (Neighborhood) instead of Street (calle).
Boys (The Shirelles song)
"Boys" is a song written by Luther Dixon and Wes Farrell, originally recorded by the Shirelles at Bell Sound Studios in New York City and released as the B-side of their "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" single in November 1960. It was recorded more than two years later by the Beatles and included on their debut album in the United Kingdom, Please Please Me (1963).

Will You Love Me Tomorrow
"Will You Love Me Tomorrow" (sometimes known as "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow") is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King. It was first recorded in 1960 by the Shirelles for their album Tonight's the Night; released as a single that November, it became the first song by a girl group to top the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It has since been recorded by many other artists, including King on her 1971 album Tapestry.
Harrison Allen
Harrison Allen (April 17, 1841 – November 14, 1897) was an American surgeon, anatomist, zoologist, and educator. He served as a surgeon in the United States Army during the American Civil War and at several Philadelphia hospitals including Wills Eye Hospital, St. Joseph's Hospital, and Philadelphia General Hospital.

He held multiple academic positions at the University of Pennsylvania including professor of comparative anatomy and zoology; chair of the institute of medicine; emeritus professor of the institute of medicine; and chair of comparative anatomy and zoology. He was professor of anatomy and surgery at Philadelphia Dental College. He published almost 30 papers related to bats and many other papers on human anatomy and craniology. He served as president of the American Laryngological Association in 1886; the American Society of Naturalists from 1887 to 1888; and the Association of American Anatomists from 1891 to 1893

Wills Eye Hospital
Wills Eye Hospital is a non-profit eye clinic and hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was established in 1832 and is the oldest continually operating eye-care facility in the United States.

Since 1990, Wills Eye Hospital has consistently been ranked one of the top three ophthalmology hospitals in the United States by U.S. News & World Report and its ophthalmology residency program is considered one of the most competitive residency programs in the world.
CFP franc
The CFP franc (French: Franc pacifique, called the franc in everyday use) is the currency used in the French overseas collectivities (French: collectivités d'outre-mer, or COM) of French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Wallis and Futuna. The initials CFP originally stood for colonies françaises du Pacifique (lit. 'French colonies of the Pacific') but since 2022 is officially Collectivités françaises du Pacifique (lit. 'French Communities of the Pacific'). Its ISO 4217 currency code is XPF. The CFP franc is subdivided into 100 centimes, although there are no centime denominations. The currency is issued by Institut d'émission d'outre-mer (IEOM).

Institut d'émission d'outre-mer
The Institut d'émission d'outre-mer (IEOM, lit. 'overseas institution of issue') is a public bank of issue that issues the CFP franc, the currency of the French overseas collectivities French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Wallis and Futuna.
53rd (Bolton) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
53rd (Bolton) Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) during World War II. It was descended from the Bolton Artillery, first formed in the Lancashire town of Bolton in 1889. It served in the Battle of France, at the end of which its personnel were evacuated from Dunkirk. It was then sent to the Middle East where it joined 8th Indian Division and fought with this division in the Italian Campaign. It was reformed in the postwar TA, and its successor unit continues as a battery in the present day Army Reserve

Bolton Artillery
The Bolton Artillery, under various titles, has been a Volunteer unit of the British Army based in Bolton, Lancashire, since 1889. In the First World War it served in Egypt and Gallipoli in 1915–17, and then on the Western Front for the rest of the war, including Passchendaele, the German Spring Offensive and the Allied Hundred Days Offensive. Just before the outbreak of the Second World War the regiment formed a duplicate unit. The parent regiment served in the Battle of France and was evacuated from Dunkirk. Both regiments served at the Battle of Alamein and in the Italian campaign, while one of the regiments was involved in the intervention in Yugoslavia. The regiment was reformed postwar, and after a number of mergers its successors continue to serve in today's Army Reserve.
Kunstmuseum Den Haag
The Kunstmuseum Den Haag is an art museum in The Hague in the Netherlands, founded in 1866 as the Museum voor Moderne Kunst. Later, until 1998, it was known as Haags Gemeentemuseum, and until the end of September 2019 as Gemeentemuseum Den Haag. It has a collection of around 165,000 works, over many different forms of art. In particular, the Kunstmuseum is renowned for its large Mondrian collection, the largest in the world. Mondrian's last work, Victory Boogie-Woogie, is on display at the museum.

The current museum building was constructed between 1931 and 1935, designed by the Dutch architect H.P. Berlage.

The KM21 (museum for contemporary art) and Fotomuseum Den Haag (The Hague museum for photography) are part of the Kunstmuseum, though not housed in the same building and with a separate entrance fee.

The new director Margriet Schavemaker started on 1 June 2024. She replaces Benno Tempel, who left as of 1 November 2023.

Mauritshuis
The Mauritshuis (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmʌurɪtsˌɦœys]; The Hague dialect: [ˈmɑːʁɪtsˌɦœːs]; lit. 'Maurice House') is an art museum in The Hague, Netherlands. The museum houses the Royal Cabinet of Paintings which consists of 854 objects, mostly Dutch Golden Age paintings. The collection contains works by Johannes Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Jan Steen, Paulus Potter, Frans Hals, Jacob van Ruisdael, Hans Holbein the Younger, and others. Originally, the 17th-century building was the residence of Count John Maurice of Nassau. The building is now the property of the government of the Netherlands and is listed in the top 100 Dutch heritage sites.
The Mighty (1929 film)
The Mighty is a 1929 American action film directed by John Cromwell.

The film was written by Grover Jones, Robert N. Lee, Herman J. Mankiewicz, William Slavens McNutt and Nellie Revell. It stars George Bancroft, Esther Ralston, Warner Oland, Raymond Hatton, Dorothy Revier, Morgan Farley and O.P. Heggie. Released on November 16, 1929, by Paramount Pictures.

O. P. Heggie
Oliver Peters Heggie (né Otto Peters Heggie;
17 September 1877 – 7 February 1936), billed as O. P. Heggie, was an Australian film and theatre actor best known for portraying the hermit who befriends the Monster in the film Bride of Frankenstein (1935). He was born Otto Peters Heggie at Angaston, South Australia to a local pastoralist. He was educated at Whinham College and the Adelaide Conservatoire of Music. He died in Los Angeles of pneumonia. He is buried at Woodside Cemetery in Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts.
Robert Grant (Christian leader)
Robert G. Grant (born 1936) is an American political activist, and the former leader of several Christian right groups in the United States.  He is considered by many the "father" of the Christian Right in the US. He served as the chairman of Christian Voice, "the nation’s oldest conservative Christian lobby", and the American Freedom Coalition.

Moral Majority
The Moral Majority was an American political organization and movement associated with the Christian right and the Republican Party in the United States. It was founded in 1979 by Baptist minister Jerry Falwell Sr. and associates, and dissolved in the late 1980s. It played a key role in the mobilization of conservative Christians as a political force and particularly in Republican presidential victories throughout the 1980s.