hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A Woman at Her Window
A Woman at Her Window (French: Une femme à sa fenêtre) is a 1976 French drama film directed by Pierre Granier-Deferre, starring Romy Schneider, Philippe Noiret, Victor Lanoux and Umberto Orsini. Based on the 1929 novel Hotel Acropolis by Pierre Drieu La Rochelle, it tells the story of a woman who helps a union leader sought by police in 1930s Greece.

The film had 1,205,887 admissions in France. At the 2nd César Awards, Schneider was nominated for Best Actress and Jean Ravel was nominated for Best Editing.

Romy Schneider
Rosemarie Magdalena Albach (23 September 1938 – 29 May 1982), known professionally as Romy Schneider (German: [ˈʁoːmi ˈʃnaɪdɐ, ˈʁɔmi -] ⓘ), was a German and French actress. She is regarded as one of the greatest screen actresses of all time  and became a cult figure due to her role as Empress Elisabeth of Austria in the Sissi trilogy in the mid-1950s. She later reprised the role in a more mature version in Luchino Visconti's Ludwig (1973). She began her career in the German Heimatfilm genre in the early 1950s when she was 15. Schneider moved to France, where she made successful and critically acclaimed films with some of the most notable film directors of that era. Coco Chanel called Romy "the ultimate incarnation of the ideal woman". Bertrand Tavernier remarked: "Sautet is talking about Mozart with regard to Romy. Me, I want to talk of Verdi, Mahler..."
Belz (Hasidic dynasty)
Belz (Yiddish: בעלזא) is a Hasidic dynasty founded in the town of Belz in Western Ukraine, near the Polish border, historically the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. The group was founded in the early 19th century by Rabbi Shalom Rokeach, also known as the Sar Shalom, and led by his son, Rabbi Yehoshua Rokeach, his grandson, Rabbi Yissachar Dov, and great-grandson, Rabbi Aharon, before the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939. While Aharon managed to escape Europe, together with his brother Rabbi Mordechai Rokeach, most of the Belz Hasidim were murdered in the Holocaust. Aharon re-established the Hasidic community in Israel following World War II. As of the 2020s, Belz has sizable communities in Israel, Western Europe, and the Anglosphere.

Mordechai Rokeach
Mordechai Rokeach (1902 – 17 November 1949), also known as Mordechai of Bilgoray, was a scion of the Belzer Hasidic dynasty and the right-hand man to his half-brother, Rebbe Aharon of Belz, the fourth Belzer Rebbe. He was the son (by the second marriage) of the third Belzer Rebbe, Rebbe Yissachar Dov Rokeach. His only son, Yissachar Dov Rokeach, is the fifth and current Belzer Rebbe.

From 1927 until the outbreak of World War II, Rabbi Mordechai served as Rav of the town of Biłgoraj, becoming known as the Bilgorayer Rav. During World War II, he famously accompanied his brother, Rebbe Aharon, on a daring escape out of Nazi-occupied Europe. The two reached Israel in February 1944, the only surviving members of their families, and threw themselves into rebuilding the ranks of Belzer Hasidut which had been decimated by the Holocaust.
Dartmouth North Community Centre
Dartmouth North Community Centre is a community centre in Albro Lake, a neighbourhood in the north end of the community of Dartmouth in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality. Albro Lake is also known as District 9.

Albro Lake, Nova Scotia
Albro Lake is a neighbourhood in the North End of the community of Dartmouth in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality.

The neighbourhood includes the Highfield Park and Crystal Heights. A newer development Lancaster Ridge is built on the former Department of National Defence housing lands. Albro Lake is bounded by Leaman Drive to the west, Lancaster Ridge to the east, Highway 111 to the north, and Albro Lake Road to the south.

The streets are named for aircraft used by the Royal Canadian Air Force.
RTS 2 (Serbian TV channel)
RTS 2 (Serbian: РТС 2), known as RTS Program Two (Serbian: Други програм РТС-а, romanized: Drugi program RTS-a), or Drugi (Serbian: Други) is a Serbian public TV channel operated by Radio Television of Serbia (RTS). It focuses on culture, including music and sporting events. Parliamentary sittings are also broadcast live on RTS 2.

Although RTS 2 does not draw high viewership, it won the viewing day with special sporting events or special parliamentary debates. RTS 2 also broadcasts children's and educational programmes as well as re-runs of Serbian television series. Opened on 31 December 1971, it was the only Serbian television in color until the RTS 1 changed to color in mid 1970s.

RTS 1 (Serbian TV channel)
RTS 1 (Serbian: РТС 1, romanized: RTS 1), known as RTS Program One (Serbian: Први програм РТС-а, romanized: Prvi program RTS-a), or Prvi (Serbian: Први), is a Serbian television channel that is part of Radio Television of Serbia (RTS). It was established on 23 August 1958 as the first television station in Serbia.
Mihajlo D. Mesarovic
Mihajlo D. Mesarovic (Serbian Latin: Mihajlo D. Mesarović, Serbian Cyrillic: Михајло Д. Месаровић; born 2 July 1928) is a Serbian scientist, who is a professor of Systems Engineering and Mathematics at Case Western Reserve University. Mesarovic has been a pioneer in the field of systems theory, he was UNESCO Scientific Advisor on Global change and also a member of the Club of Rome.

Club of Rome
The Club of Rome is a nonprofit, informal organization of intellectuals and business leaders whose goal is a critical discussion of pressing global issues. The Club of Rome was founded in 1968 at Accademia dei Lincei in Rome, Italy. At least until the early 2000s, the 'main club' has allegedly been limited to one hundred members, often selected from current and former heads of state and government, UN administrators, high-level politicians, diplomats, scientists, economists, and business leaders from around the globe. It stimulated considerable public attention in 1972 with the first report to the Club of Rome, The Limits to Growth. Since 1 July 2008, the organization has been based in Winterthur, Switzerland.
Immortal Song (film)
Immortal Song, originally Lahn al-Kholood (Arabic: لحن الخلود, romanized: Laḥn al-Khulūdⓘ), is a 1952 Egyptian romance/drama film directed by Henry Barakat. It stars Farid Al Atrache, Faten Hamama, Magda, Madiha Yousri, and Seraj Munir.

Farid al-Atrash
Farid al-Atrash (Arabic: فريد الأطرش; October 19, 1910 – December 26, 1974), also spelled Farid El-Atrache, was a Syrian-Egyptian singer, oudist, composer, and actor. Although born in Syria, he immigrated to Egypt at the age of nine with his mother and siblings, where he eventually became one of the most noted figures in 20th-century Arabic music.

Al-Atrash embarked on a highly successful career spanning more than four decades, recording 500 songs and starring in 31 movies. He is also widely regarded for his virtuosity on the Arabic oud, and has sometimes been given the epithet "King of the Oud" ("Malek al-Oud").
Causality conditions
Causality conditions are classifications of Lorentzian manifolds according to the types of causal structures they admit.
In the study of spacetimes, there exists a hierarchy of causality conditions which are important in proving mathematical theorems about the global structure of such manifolds. 
These conditions were collected during the late 1970s.

The weaker the causality condition on a spacetime, the more unphysical the spacetime is. Spacetimes with closed timelike curves, for example, present severe interpretational difficulties. See the grandfather paradox.

It is reasonable to believe that any physical spacetime will satisfy the strongest causality condition: global hyperbolicity. For such spacetimes the equations in general relativity can be posed as an initial value problem on a Cauchy surface.

Globally hyperbolic spacetime
In mathematical physics, global hyperbolicity is a certain condition on the causal structure of a spacetime manifold (that is, a Lorentzian manifold).  It is called hyperbolic in analogy with the linear theory of wave propagation, where the future state of a system is specified by initial conditions.  (In turn, the leading symbol of the wave operator is that of a hyperboloid.)  This is relevant to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, and potentially to other metric gravitational theories.
Oregon Department of Education
The Oregon Department of Education is the department responsible for implementing Oregon's public education policies, including academic standards and testing, credentials, and other matters not reserved to the local districts and boards. The department is overseen by the Governor, acting as State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Agencies of the department include the Chief Education Office (formerly the Oregon Education Investment Board), the Early Learning Division, the Higher Education Coordinating Commission, the State Board of Education, and the Youth Development Division. The key roles of the agency include setting test standards and graduation requirements for statewide uniformity.

The department serves 197 elementary and secondary school districts and 19 education service districts across the state, which in turn serve over 500,000 students.

Oregon Early Learning Division
The Oregon Early Learning Division, under the authority of the Oregon Department of Education, supports preschool services in the U.S. state of Oregon. The division has three primary objectives:

ensuring that students are prepared to succeed in Kindergarten

promoting stable families

coordinating effective support for families with preschool-aged children

The work of the division is overseen by a 19-member Early Learning Council and the Oregon Chief Education Office. The first director of the Division was Jada Rupley, who served from 2013 until her retirement in August 2014. Governor Kitzhaber appointed Megan Irwin as Rupley's successor in 2015. Miriam Calderon has served as the Early Learning System Director since 2017.
Calvin Hill
Calvin G. Hill (born January 2, 1947) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Dallas Cowboys, Washington Redskins, and Cleveland Browns. He also played a season with The Hawaiians of the World Football League (WFL).

Hill was named to the Pro Bowl four times (1969, 1972, 1973, and 1974).  In 1972, he became the first Cowboy running back to have a 1,000-yard rushing season (with 1,036 yards rushing); he repeated the feat in the following season with 1,142 yards rushing.

Yale University conferred Hill with an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree at its 2016 commencement. "You are a Yale legend" is the opening sentence of the citation honoring Hill.

World Football League
The World Football League (WFL) was an American football league that played one full season in 1974 and most of its second in 1975. Although the league's proclaimed ambition was to bring American football onto a worldwide stage, only one team – the Hawaiians in Honolulu, Hawaii – was headquartered outside of continental North America. The league folded in 1975 midway through its second season.
Peepli Live
Peepli Live is a 2010 Indian satirical black comedy film that explores the topic of farmer suicides and the subsequent media and political response. It is written and directed by Anusha Rizvi in her directorial debut, and produced by Aamir Khan Productions. The film stars Naya Theatre company member Omkar Das Manikpuri as well as Naseeruddin Shah, Raghubir Yadav, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Shalini Vatsa and Malaika Shenoy along with a number of newcomers. Peepli Live, distributed by UTV Motion Pictures, was released on 13 August 2010.

Peepli Live was India's official entry for the 83rd Academy Awards Best Foreign Film category although it was not nominated.

Raghubir Yadav
Raghubir Yadav  is an Indian actor, music composer, singer and set designer who works in Hindi films. He made his film debut with Massey Sahib (1985), in which he played the title role. He has won two International Awards as Best Actor for Massey Sahib, FIPRESCI Critic's Award, Venice Film Festival, 1986 and the IFFI Best Actor Award (Male): Silver Peacock Award at the 11th International Film Festival of India, 1987. The film also featured writer and social activist in National School of Drama, New Delhi until 1977.
Bradley J. Birzer
Bradley J. Birzer (born September 6, 1967) is an American historian. He is a history professor and the Russell Amos Kirk Chair in American Studies at Hillsdale College, the author of five books and the co-founder of The Imaginative Conservative. He is known also as a Tolkien scholar.

Hillsdale College
Hillsdale College is a private, conservative, Christian liberal arts college in Hillsdale, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 1844 by members of the Free Will Baptists. Women were admitted to the college from its foundation, making the college the second-oldest coeducational institution in the United States, after Oberlin College (1837). Hillsdale's required core curriculum includes courses on the Great Books, the U.S. Constitution, theology, biology, chemistry, and physics. The college's mission statement identifies it as a "nonsectarian Christian institution".

Since the late 20th century, in order to opt out of government mandates tied to funding, Hillsdale has declined both state and federal financial support. Instead, Hillsdale depends entirely on private donations to supplement students' tuition.
Kamleshwar (writer)
Kamleshwar Prasad Saxena (6 January 1932 – 27 January 2007), known mononymously as Kamleshwar, was a 20th-century Indian writer who wrote in Hindi. He also worked as a screenwriter for Indian films and television industry. Among his most well-known works are the films Aandhi, Mausam, Chhoti Si Baat and Rang Birangi. He was awarded the 2003 Sahitya Akademi Award for his Hindi novel Kitne Pakistan (translated in English as Partitions), and the Padma Bhushan in 2005.

He is considered a part of the league of Hindi writers like Mohan Rakesh, Nirmal Verma, Rajendra Yadav and Bhisham Sahni, who left the old pre-independence literary preoccupations and presented the new sensibilities that reflected new moorings of a post-independence India, thus launching the Hindi literature's Nayi Kahani ("New Story") movement in the 1950s.

Mausam (1975 film)
Mausam (transl. Season) is a 1975 Indian Hindi-language musical romance film starring Sanjeev Kumar and Sharmila Tagore, and directed by Gulzar. It is loosely based on the 1961 novel, The Judas Tree, by A.J. Cronin. Sharmila Tagore for her acting received The Silver Lotus Award at the 23rd National Film Festival and the film itself was awarded the Second Best Feature Film. The film was nominated in eight categories at the 24th Filmfare Awards and won in two. The film also won many other accolades as well.

The film was remade in Tamil as Vasandhathil Or Naal.
LADEE
The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE; /ˈlædi/) was a NASA lunar exploration and technology demonstration mission. It was launched on a Minotaur V rocket from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on September 7, 2013. During its seven-month mission, LADEE orbited the Moon's equator, using its instruments to study the lunar exosphere and dust in the Moon's vicinity. Instruments included a dust detector, neutral mass spectrometer, and ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, as well as a technology demonstration consisting of a laser communications terminal. The mission ended on April 18, 2014, when the spacecraft's controllers intentionally crashed LADEE into the far side of the Moon, which, later, was determined to be near the eastern rim of Sundman V crater.

Free-space optical communication
Free-space optical communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space to wirelessly transmit data for telecommunications or computer networking over long distances. "Free space" means air, outer space, vacuum, or something similar. This contrasts with using solids such as optical fiber cable.
The technology is useful where the physical connections are impractical due to high costs or other considerations.
Pyramidal cell
Pyramidal cells, or pyramidal neurons, are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. Pyramidal cells are the primary excitation units of the mammalian prefrontal cortex and the corticospinal tract. One of the main structural features of the pyramidal neuron is the conic shaped soma, or cell body, after which the neuron is named. Other key structural features of the pyramidal cell are a single axon, a large apical dendrite, multiple basal dendrites, and the presence of dendritic spines.

Pyramidal neurons are also one of two cell types where the characteristic sign, Negri bodies, are found in post-mortem rabies infection. Pyramidal neurons were first discovered and studied by Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Since then, studies on pyramidal neurons have focused on topics ranging from neuroplasticity to cognition.

Dendritic spine
A dendritic spine (or spine) is a small membrane protrusion from a neuron's dendrite that typically receives input from a single axon at the synapse. Dendritic spines serve as a storage site for synaptic strength and help transmit electrical signals to the neuron's cell body. Most spines have a bulbous head (the spine head), and a thin neck that connects the head of the spine to the shaft of the dendrite. The dendrites of a single neuron can contain hundreds to thousands of spines. In addition to spines providing an anatomical substrate for memory storage and synaptic transmission, they may also serve to increase the number of possible contacts between neurons. It has also been suggested that changes in the activity of neurons have a positive effect on spine morphology.
Pietro Matteo d'Aquino
Pietro Matteo d'Aquino (died 1511) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Lecce (1508–1511) and Bishop of Gravina di Puglia (1482–1508).

In 1482, Pietro Matteo d'Aquino was appointed during the papacy of Pope Sixtus IV as Bishop of Gravina di Puglia.
On 18 February 1508, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Julius II as Bishop of Lecce.
He served as Bishop of Lecce until his death in 1511.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Gravina-Montepeloso
The diocese of Gravina and Montepeloso is a former ecclesiastical territory of the Roman Catholic Church in Apulia, southern Italy. Gravina is about 59 km (36 mi) southwest of Bari. Since 1986 it has formed part of the merged diocese of Altamura-Gravina-Acquaviva. Gravina in Apulia was the seat of the episcopal see from the ninth century.
Maxwell House Haggadah
The Maxwell House Haggadah is an English–Hebrew Passover Haggadah introduced by the Maxwell House company as a marketing promotion in 1932 and printed continuously since that time. With over 50 million copies in print, it is the best known and most popular Haggadah among American Jews, and is considered a cultural icon. It is used at Passover Seders in homes, schools, senior centers, prisons, and the United States Army, and was the edition used by President Obama and his guests at the White House Passover Seder conducted yearly from 2009 to 2016. In 2011 a new English translation replaced archaic phrases in the original and also incorporated gender-neutral language.

White House Passover Seder
The White House Passover Seder was an annual private dinner held at the White House on the Jewish holiday of Passover during the presidency of Barack Obama. Obama initiated it in 2009 for his family, staff members, friends, and their families. The gathering recited the Passover Haggadah, discussed the themes of the Passover Seder and their relation to current events, and partook of a holiday-themed meal. Obama hosted and attended the Seder each year from 2009 to 2016. It was the first Passover Seder to be conducted by a sitting U.S. president in the White House.
Namamugi Incident
The Namamugi incident (生麦事件, Namamugi-jiken), also known as the Kanagawa incident and Richardson affair, was a political crisis that occurred in the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Bakumatsu on 14 September 1862. Charles Lennox Richardson, a British merchant, was killed by the armed retinue of Shimazu Hisamitsu, the regent of the Satsuma Domain, on a road in Namamugi near Kawasaki.

Richardson's killing sparked outrage among Europeans for violating their extraterritoriality in Japan, while the Japanese argued Richardson had disrespected Shimazu and was justifiably killed under the Kiri-sute gomen rule. British demands for compensation and failure by the Satsuma to respond resulted in the Bombardment of Kagoshima (or Anglo-Satsuma War) in August 1863.

Shimazu Hisamitsu
Prince Shimazu Hisamitsu (島津 久光, November 28, 1817 – December 6, 1887), also known as Shimazu Saburō (島津 三郎), was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period. The younger brother of Shimazu Nariakira, Hisamitsu was the virtual sovereign and strongman of Satsuma Domain while serving as regent for his underage son Tadayoshi, who became the 12th and last daimyō of Satsuma Domain. Hisamitsu was instrumental in the efforts of the southern Satsuma, Chōshū, and Tosa clans to bring down the Tokugawa Shogunate. He held the court title of Ōsumi no Kami (大隈守).
Freistadt Castle
Freistadt Castle (German: Schloss Freistadt) in Upper Austrian Mühlviertel was built, together with its bergfried, between 1363 and 1398, and was used to reinforce the fortifications of the town of Freistadt. Today the castle houses the tax office and the Mühlviertel Castle Museum.

Freistadt
Freistadt (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈfraɪʃtat] ⓘ, lit. 'Freetown') is a small Austrian town in the state of Upper Austria in the region Mühlviertel. With a population of approximately 7,500 residents, it is a trade centre for local villages. Freistadt is the economic centre of a district of the same name District Freistadt. The nearest sizeable cities are Linz, the capital of Upper Austria, about 40 km in the south, and České Budějovice, the capital of Southern Bohemia, about 60 km in the north.
John J. Jacob (Kentucky businessman)
John Jeremiah Jacob (October 20, 1778 – 1852) was an American businessman, financier, real estate developer, and philanthropist active in Kentucky. He was involved in banking, as well as in commerce, real estate, and infrastructure: railroads, canal, bridge, and utilities.

George Keats
George Keats (28 February 1797 – 24 December 1841) was an American businessman and civic leader in Louisville, Kentucky, as it emerged from a frontier entrepôt into a mercantile centre of the old northwest. He was also the younger brother of the Romantic poet John Keats.

During the years from 1821 to 1841, Keats led a philosophical society, meant to overcome 
Louisville's raw culture, operating a literary salon in his living room which evolved
into the Lyceum and then into the board of Louisville College, the precursor to the University of Louisville.

In 1827, Keats was elected to the Ohio Bridge Commission, laying the foundation for the river's first crossing. The state government appointed him to the board of the Bank of Kentucky in 1832. He joined the boards of ten other organisations, including the Kentucky Historical Society and the Harlan Museum, which he headed. In 1841, he was elected to the city council.
Rugal (TV series)
Rugal (Korean: 루갈) is a 2020 South Korean television series starring Choi Jin-hyuk, Park Sung-woong, Jo Dong-hyuk, Jung Hye-in, Kim Min-sang, Han Ji-wan and Park Sun-ho. Based on the webtoon of the same name by Rel.mae, it aired on OCN in South Korea and on Netflix worldwide from March 28 to May 17, 2020.

Choi Jin-hyuk
Choi Jin-hyuk (Korean: 최진혁; born Kim Tae-ho, February 9, 1986) is a South Korean actor. He gained attention for his supporting roles in Gu Family Book (2013) and The Heirs (2013), and then went on to star in lead roles in Emergency Couple (2014), Pride and Prejudice (2014–2015), Tunnel (2017), Devilish Charm (2018), The Last Empress (2018–2019), and Rugal (2020).