hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Statue of Winston Churchill, Woodford
The statue of Winston Churchill in Woodford, London, is a bronze sculpture of the British statesman, created by David McFall in 1958–9. The statue commemorates Churchill's role as the member for the parliamentary constituency of Woodford. Churchill was elected to the Epping seat in 1924 and held it until 1945 when the new constituency of Woodford was created. Churchill then held this seat until his retirement in 1964. The statue  is a Grade II listed structure.

Woodford (UK Parliament constituency)
Woodford was a parliamentary constituency in Essex which returned one member of parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1945 until it was renamed for the 1964 general election.

The constituency's only member of parliament for its entire existence was Sir Winston Churchill of the Conservative Party; from 1924 he had represented the Epping constituency from which Woodford was created. He represented the Woodford seat during his second tenure as prime minister, and continued to hold it until he retired aged 89 at the 1964 general election; it was the last seat he represented in a parliamentary career that spanned over 60 years. He was the Father of the House for the last five years of his tenure in the seat. A statue of Churchill was unveiled on Woodford Green in the constituency in 1959.
Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen
Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (German for 'Outline of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages') is a major work of historical linguistics by Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology and morphology, and Delbrück treated syntax. 
The grammar of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies, after Franz Bopp's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.

Indo-European studies
Indo-European studies (German: Indogermanistik) is an interdisciplinary field that examines the Indo-European languages and related cultural history through historical linguistics, comparative philology, archaeology, and genetics.

The discipline coalesced in late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe as comparative linguists including Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Franz Bopp, and August Schleicher refined methods for reconstructing a shared ancestry among the languages. Research centers on rebuilding the Proto-Indo-European language, homeland, and society by combining comparative analysis with archaeological, mythological, and genetic evidence to test models such as the Kurgan hypothesis. Dedicated programs, research centers, journals, and book series sustain Indo-European studies across Europe and North America.
Sal Cuevas
Salvador "Sal" Cuevas (June 16, 1955 – April 9, 2017) was an American salsa bassist known for his association with the Fania All-Stars from 1978 to 1985.

Although he played the upright bass, he was one of the most popular electric bassists in the New York salsa scene, often playing in a funk style. "He was the first to bring the slaps and funk style that he learned from R&B, Funk, and Jazz music, into Salsa music." According to Billy Idol, Sal Cuevas came up with the bass for “Eyes Without a Face” when Billy was looking for a sound that was powerful enough to compliment the dark unromantic lyrics.

Eyes Without a Face (song)
"Eyes Without a Face" is a song by the English rock singer Billy Idol, from his second studio album Rebel Yell (1983). It was released in April 1984 as the second single from the album in the US, and June 1984 in the UK. The song is softer and more ballad-like than most of the album's other singles. It reached number four on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Idol's first top ten hit in the US.  The song's title was borrowed from the horror film known in English as Eyes Without a Face (1960).
Lotarev DV-2
The Lotarev DV-2 (or PSLM DV-2, DV: Dnepr-Váh, Ukrainian: Лотарев ДВ-2) is a two-spool turbofan engine manufactured in Považská Bystrica, Slovakia by Považské Strojárne Letecké Motory (PS Aircraft Engines/Motors) (PSLM) (former ZVL Závody na Výrobu Ložísk "Bearings Production/Manufacturing Plant") and designed in partnership with Ivchenko Lotarev Design Bureau.

Ivchenko AI-25
The Ivchenko AI-25 (Russian: Ивченко АИ-25) is a family of military and civilian twin-shaft medium bypass turbofan engines developed by Ivchenko OKB of the Soviet Union. It was the first bypass engine ever used on short haul aircraft in the USSR. 
The engine is still produced by Ukrainian based aircraft engine manufacturing company, Motor Sich.
James McWha
James Alexander McWha AO (born 28 May 1947) is a botanist whose professional career was devoted to teaching, research and educational administration in New Zealand, Northern Ireland and Australia. He retired as Vice-Chancellor and President of the University of Adelaide on 30 June 2012. In October 2013 he was appointed as Vice Chancellor of the newly created University of Rwanda. He retired from the University of Rwanda in October 2015.

University of Rwanda
University of Rwanda (Kinyarwanda: Kaminuza y'u Rwanda, French: Université du Rwanda) is a public collegiate, multi campus university based in Kigali, Rwanda. Formed in 2013 through the merger of previously independent education institutions, the University of Rwanda is the largest education institution in Rwanda. The University of Rwanda is ranked number one in the country by the Higher Education Council, an organ established by the Government of Rwanda.

Today the University of Rwanda is composed of seven independent and self-governing colleges operating on eight campuses. The university hosts a number of centres including four African Centres of Excellence established by World Bank. During the 2021–2022 academic year, the university had 31,506 students, with 2058 in Masters Programs and 324 in Doctorate Programs.
The Merry Widow
The Merry Widow (German: Die lustige Witwe [diː ˈlʊstɪɡə ˈvɪtvə]) is an operetta by the Austro-Hungarian composer Franz Lehár. The librettists, Viktor Léon and Leo Stein, based the story – concerning a rich widow, and her countrymen's attempt to keep her money in the principality by finding her the right husband – on an 1861 comedy play, L'attaché d'ambassade (The Embassy Attaché) by Henri Meilhac.

The operetta has enjoyed extraordinary international success since its 1905 premiere in Vienna and continues to be frequently revived and recorded. Film and other adaptations have also been made. Well-known music from the score includes the "Vilja Song", "Da geh' ich zu Maxim" ("You'll Find Me at Maxim's"), and the "Merry Widow Waltz".

Leo Stein (writer)
Leo Stein, born Leo Rosenstein (25 March 1861, Lemberg – 28 July 1921, Vienna, Austria) was a playwright and librettist of operettas in the latter part of the 19th and early 20th centuries, including works adapted for a number of Broadway productions.

Stein wrote libretti for Johann Strauss Jr, Franz Lehár, Emmerich Kálmán, and Oskar Nedbal. His collaboration with  Viktor Léon contributed much to Lehár's success.

A selection of his works includes Wiener Blut (1899), Die lustige Witwe (1905), Der Graf von Luxemburg (1909) and Die Csárdásfürstin (1915).

Stein is buried at the Vienna Zentralfriedhof.
Sheetz–Wawa rivalry
In the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, the convenience store chains Sheetz and Wawa each have distinct and mostly non-overlapping territories. Sheetz stores are mostly located in the west, while Wawa stores are primarily in the east. This division is apparent in the state's culture of regional identity, with many Pennsylvanians often preferring one store or the other. Pennsylvania state politicians have made public statements in support of their favorite store and even held campaign stops at their preferred convenience store chain.

Wawa (company)
Wawa, Inc. (/wɑːwɑː/ ⓘ WAH-WAH) is an American chain of convenience stores and gas stations originating in the Philadelphia metropolitan area and located along the East Coast of the United States, operating in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Ohio, Georgia, Kentucky, and Indiana. Wawa is based in and primarily associated with the Philadelphia metropolitan area, though it gradually expanded its store locations, over many decades, far beyond the Philadelphia area. The company's headquarters is located in the Wawa area of Chester Heights, Pennsylvania, in Greater Philadelphia.

As of 2008, Wawa was the largest convenience store chain in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area and the third-largest food retailer in greater Philadelphia after Acme Markets and ShopRite.
Darkest Mercy
Darkest Mercy is an Urban fantasy novel by Melissa Marr. It is set in the same universe as Marr's previous YA novels, but is not a sequel to Radiant Shadows; rather, it is a follow-up to Wicked Lovely and Fragile Eternity.

Radiant Shadows
Radiant Shadows is an Urban fantasy novel by Melissa Marr. It is set in the same universe as Marr's previous YA novels, but is not a sequel to Fragile Eternity; rather, it is a companion novel like Ink Exchange was, focusing on a different set of characters.
1957 PGA Championship
The 1957 PGA Championship was the 39th PGA Championship, held July 17–21 at Miami Valley Golf Club in Dayton, Ohio. In the last PGA Championship played under the match play format, Lionel Hebert won 2 and 1 over Dow Finsterwald, who won the following year, the first as a 72-hole stroke play event.

Defending champion Jack Burke Jr. lost in the second round to Milon Marusic, 2 and 1.

At the time, it was not yet known that this was the last at match play, the decision to switch to stroke play was announced during the November meetings.

The Open Championship was held two weeks earlier in Scotland at St Andrews; neither Hebert nor Finsterwald played in 1957 (or ever).

Match play
Match play is a scoring system for golf in which a player, or team, earns a point for each hole in which they have bested their opponents; as opposed to stroke play, in which the total number of strokes is counted over one or more rounds of 18 holes. In match play the winner is the player, or team, with the most points at the end of play.

Although most professional tournaments are played using the stroke play scoring system, there are, or have been, some exceptions, for example the now defunct WGC Match Play and the Volvo World Match Play Championship, and most team events, for example the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup, all of which are in match play format.
Stag (TV series)
Stag is a British black comedy television serial created by Jim Field Smith and George Kay, starring Jim Howick, Stephen Campbell Moore, Pilou Asbæk, JJ Feild, Rufus Jones, Amit Shah, Reece Shearsmith, and Tim Key. The three-part series, directed by Jim Field Smith from his scripts co-written with George Kay, began broadcasting on BBC Two, in the United Kingdom, on 27 February 2016.

Tim Key
Timothy Key (born 2 September 1976) is an English poet, comedian, actor and screenwriter. He has performed at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, both as a solo act and as part of the comedy group Cowards, and plays Sidekick Simon in various Alan Partridge film and television projects. In 2009, he won the Edinburgh Comedy Award and was nominated for the Malcolm Hardee Award for Comic Originality.
Thomas Yale (chancellor)
Thomas Yale (1525/6 – 1577) was the Chancellor and Vicar general of the Head of the Church of England : Matthew Parker, 1st Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Edmund Grindal, Bishop of London. He was also Ambassador to his distant cousin, Queen Elizabeth Tudor, and Dean of the Arches at the Court of High Commission, during the Elizabethan Religious Settlement.

As Dean of the Arches, he was the most senior judge of the Church of England from 1567 to 1573. After Archbishop Grindal's suspension in 1577, the Queen gave him command of the Province of Canterbury, governing two-thirds of the ecclesiastical territories of England, and the entirety of Wales, during the Elizabethan Age.

Yale (surname)
The surname Yale is derived from the Welsh word "iâl", meaning "fertile ground". Iâl was the name of an important commote in Denbighshire, whose rulers, the princes of Powys Fadog, lords of Yale, were a cadet line of the royal House of Powys. For hundreds of years, their ancestral seat was at Castle Dinas Bran in Yale. Afterwards, baron Ellis ap Griffith attached the name to the estate of Plas-yn-Iâl, from which the House of Yale (or Yale family) became known.

The Yale surname was thus adopted from the maternal side of the family, while their coat of arms, which inspired those of Yale College, came from the paternal side, through the Fitzgeralds of Corsygedol. In the early modern period, the family produced Elihu Yale, a governor of Madras and benefactor of Yale University, ensuring that the name "Yale" achieved lasting prominence well beyond Wales.
Sir Humphrey de Trafford, 2nd Baronet
Sir Humphrey de Trafford, 2nd Baronet (1 May 1808 – 4 May 1886) was a prominent English Catholic. Born at Croston Hall near Chorley, Lancashire on 1 May 1808, he was the fourth child and the eldest son of Sir Thomas de Trafford.

Thomas de Trafford
Sir Thomas Joseph de Trafford, 1st Baronet, DL (22 March 1778 – 10 November 1852) was a member of a prominent family of English Roman Catholics. He served as commander of the Manchester and Salford Yeomanry at the time of the Peterloo Massacre. He was born at Croston Hall near Chorley, Lancashire, on 22 March 1778, son of John Trafford and Elizabeth Tempest, and was christened Thomas Joseph Trafford (no de).
In Backward Times
In Backward Times is a live album by trombonist Paul Rutherford. Drawn from archival tapes, it was recorded in 1979, 1988, 2004, and 2007, in Milano, London, and Brussels, and was released in 2017 by Emanem Records. On track 1, Rutherford is accompanied by live electronics, while track 2 is a duet with bassist Paul Rogers. Track 3 is a solo performance, and track 4 is a trio setting featuring cellist Marcio Mattos and pianist Veryan Weston. The final track was recorded roughly three months before Rutherford's death, and documents his last public performance.

Veryan Weston
Veryan Weston (born 1950) is a British pianist active in free improvisation, jazz, and rock music. He has worked with Lol Coxhill, Eddie Prévost, Trevor Watts, Caroline Kraabel and Phil Minton.

Weston was born in 1950 and lived in Cornwall before moving to London in 1972.
Taniec z gwiazdami season 11
The 11th season of Taniec z Gwiazdami, the Polish edition of Dancing With the Stars, started on March 7, 2010 and ended on June 13, 2010. It was broadcast by TVN. Katarzyna Skrzynecka and Piotr Gąsowski continued as the hosts, and the judges were: Iwona Szymańska-Pavlović, Zbigniew Wodecki, Beata Tyszkiewicz and Piotr Galiński.

On 13 June, Julia Kamińska and her partner Rafał Maserak were crowned the champions.

Julia Kamińska
Julia Kamińska (born 13 November 1987) is a Polish film and television actress. Kamińska had a lead role in TVN's BrzydUla, the Polish version of Betty la fea, and was in Reguły Gry (Rules of the Game).

In 2022, she was announced as a judge for the Polish version of the music game show, The Masked Singer.
Debbie Leonidas
Debbie Leonidas (née Chapman) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Leonidas made her Football Ferns debut in their first ever international as they beat Hong Kong 2–0 on 25 August 1975 at the inaugural AFC Women's Asian Cup, her sister Marilyn Marshall making her New Zealand debut in the same match. Leonidas finished her international career with 19 caps and 1 goal to her credit.

Marilyn Marshall (footballer)
Marilyn Marshall  is a former association football player and softball player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Marshall made her Football Ferns debut in their first ever international as they beat Hong Kong 2–0 on 25 August 1975 at the inaugural AFC Women's Asian Cup, her sister Debbie Leonidas making her New Zealand debut in the same match. She has the distinction of scoring New Zealand's first ever women's international goal and finished her international career with 18 caps and 9 goals to her credit.
Ayn Ruymen
Ayn Ruymen (born July 18, 1947) is an American former actress and theater director. She began her career as a stage actress, starring in a Broadway production of Neil Simon's The Gingerbread Lady (1970–1971), for which she won a Theatre World Award.

After relocating to Los Angeles, Ruymen made her feature film debut in Paul Bartel's horror film Private Parts (1972) and appeared in several television films during the 1970s. She had a lead role on the sitcom The McLean Stevenson Show from 1976 to 1977. She made her last screen appearance in the television film Firestorm: 72 Hours in Oakland (1993). Since then, Ruymen has worked primarily as a theater director of productions for the Mendocino Theatre Company.

Private Parts (1972 film)
Private Parts is a 1972 American horror film directed by Paul Bartel in his feature film debut, and starring Ayn Ruymen, Lucille Benson, and John Ventantonio. Its plot follows a troubled young woman who suspects a deviant serial killer is living in her aunt's dilapidated hotel in downtown Los Angeles. The film has been noted for its stylistic mixture of horror, dark comedy, and psychological thriller elements.
George Llewelyn Davies
George Llewelyn Davies (20 July 1893 – 15 March 1915) was the eldest son of Arthur and Sylvia Llewelyn Davies. Along with his four younger brothers, George was the inspiration for playwright J. M. Barrie's characters of Peter Pan and the Lost Boys. The character of Mr. George Darling was named after him. He was killed in action in the First World War. He was the first cousin of the English writer Daphne du Maurier.

Peter Llewelyn Davies
Peter Llewelyn Davies MC (25 February 1897 – 5 April 1960) was the middle of five sons of Arthur and Sylvia Llewelyn Davies, one of the Llewelyn Davies boys befriended and later informally adopted by J. M. Barrie. Barrie publicly identified him as the source of the name for the title character in his 1904 play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up.

He was awarded the Military Cross after serving as an officer in World War I, and in 1926 founded the Peter Davies publishing house. He struggled emotionally after the war, and eventually ended his life by suicide.

He was the first cousin of the English writer Daphne du Maurier.
Mad Company
Mad Company is an Indian Tamil-language comedy-drama web series written and directed by Vignesh Vijaykumar.The eight-episode series starring Prasanna, Kaniha, Dhanya Balakrishna and S.P. Charan was produced by Raja Ramamurthy and premiered on Aha on 30 September 2022.

Prasanna (actor)
Prasanna Venkatesan, often credited mononymously as Prasanna, is an Indian actor who works predominantly in the Tamil cinema and alongside appeared in a few Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films.

He made his first success in Five Star in 2002, which was produced by Mani Ratnam. Some of his other notable films are Azhagiya Theeye (2004), Kasthuri Maan (2005), Kanda Naal Mudhal (2005), Cheena Thaana 001 (2007) and Anjathe (2008). Apart from lead roles, he has also played villain and character roles. His film  Achchamundu! Achchamundu!, was screened at many international film festivals.
Alex McKinnon (ice hockey)
Robert Alexander McKinnon (April 17, 1895 – October 8, 1949) was a Canadian ice hockey forward who played five seasons in the National Hockey League for the Hamilton Tigers, New York Americans and Chicago Black Hawks between 1924 and 1929. He also played several years of amateur hockey, primarily with the Sudbury Wolves. Prior to turning professional McKinnon served in World War I.

Hamilton Tigers
The Hamilton Tigers were a professional ice hockey team based in Hamilton, Ontario, that competed in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1920 to 1925. The Tigers were formed by the sale of the Quebec Bulldogs NHL franchise to Hamilton interests. After years of struggling, the franchise finished first in the league in the 1924–25 NHL season, but a players' strike before the playoffs resulted in the franchise's dissolution. The players' contracts were sold to New York City interests to stock the expansion New York Americans. A namesake amateur team existed prior to and during the NHL team's existence, and a minor league professional team named the Hamilton Tigers existed from 1926 to 1930.
Douglas Elliot
Douglas Elliot (18 April 1923 – 12 March 2005) also known as W.I.D. Elliot and Doug(ie) Elliot was a Scottish international rugby union player, who played for Scotland.

He was six feet three inches and over fourteen stone. He was a backrow forward, and has also been inducted to the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame.

Scottish Sports Hall of Fame
The Scottish Sports Hall of Fame is the national sports hall of fame of Scotland, set up in 2002. It is a joint project organised by sportscotland, the national governmental body for Scottish sport, and National Museums Scotland. It is also funded by BBC Scotland and donations from the general public. The founding patrons were Anne, Princess Royal, a notable supporter of the Scotland national rugby union team; First Minister Jack McConnell; and Formula One triple world champion Jackie Stewart.
Cell C
Cell C Limited is a South African mobile telecommunications operator headquartered in Sandton, Gauteng. As of 2024, it ranks as the fourth-largest mobile provider in the country, with approximately 8.5 million subscribers across both urban and rural regions.

Founded in 2001 by Lehlohonolo Moloi, Cell C entered the South African mobile market as a challenger to Vodacom and MTN. The company offers a diverse array of services, including voice, SMS, data, and fibre-based home internet, and serves as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) host, partnering with brands like FNB Connect and Capitec Connect.

MTN Group
MTN Group Limited (formerly M-Cell) is a South African multinational corporation and mobile telecommunications provider. Its head office is in Johannesburg. MTN is among the largest mobile network operators in the world, and the largest in Africa.

In October 2025 MTN announced it had surpassed 300 million customers, the first African-headquartered telco to reach that milestone, making it the sixth-largest in the world by subscriber count. It has a footprint in sixteen countries in Africa and the Middle East.
Oak Leaf Stakes
The Chandelier Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually at the end of September at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. It is restricted to two-year-old fillies.  The Grade II race is contested at a distance of one and one-sixteenth miles on the main track at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.

The race is currently part of the Breeders' Cup Challenge series.  The winner will automatically qualify for the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies.

As of 2012, this race was renamed the Chandelier Stakes having formerly being referred to as the Oak Leaf Stakes.

From 1997 through 2001, the race was run at a distance of one mile (8 furlongs).

As of 2020 the race was downgraded to Group II.

In 2024 the event was renamed back to its original name - Oak Leaf Stakes.

Santa Anita Park
Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races, including both the Santa Anita Derby and the Santa Anita Handicap. It has also hosted the year-end Breeders' Cup races eleven times, more than any other racetrack. In 1984, Santa Anita was the site of equestrian events at the 1984 Olympics and will host once again in 2028. Since 2011, the Stronach Group are the current owners.