hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric
The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric (FLRW; /ˈfriːdmən ləˈmɛtrə ... /) is a metric that describes a homogeneous, isotropic, expanding (or otherwise, contracting) universe that is path-connected, but not necessarily simply connected. The general form of the metric follows from the geometric properties of homogeneity and isotropy. Depending on geographical or historical preferences, the set of the four scientists – Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, Howard P. Robertson, and Arthur Geoffrey Walker – is variously grouped as Friedmann, Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW), Robertson–Walker (RW), or Friedmann–Lemaître (FL).  When combined with Einstein's field equations, the metric gives the Friedmann equation, which has been developed into the Standard Model of modern cosmology and further developed into the Lambda-CDM model.

Alexander Friedmann
Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann (also spelled Friedman or Fridman; /ˈfriːdmən/; Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Фри́дман; 16 June [O.S. 4 June] 1888 – 16 September 1925) was a Russian and Soviet physicist and mathematician. He originated the pioneering theory that the universe is expanding, governed by a set of equations he developed known as the Friedmann equations.
Sun Dong-yol
Sun Dong-yol (Korean: 선동열; Hanja: 宣銅烈; Korean pronunciation: [sʌndoŋjʌl] or [sʌn] [toŋjʌl]; born January 10, 1963) is a South Korean retired baseball pitcher and former manager. He was a pitcher in the KBO League and Nippon Professional Baseball, and the former manager of the Samsung Lions and the Kia Tigers in the KBO.

Sun is one of the most celebrated pitchers in the history of the KBO League. He was voted Most Valuable Player of the league three times, won the Pitching Triple Crown four times, was awarded six Golden Gloves, and was a nine-time KBO All-Star. Sun holds the record for lowest Korea Professional Baseball career ERA, at 1.20, is third all-time in strikeouts, and recorded the top three lowest single-season ERAs in KBO League history. His teams won six Korean Series titles, and his uniform #18 was retired by the Kia Tigers.

Choi Dong-won
Choi Dong-won (Korean: 최동원; Hanja: 崔東原; May 24, 1958 – September 14, 2011) was a South Korean pitcher in the KBO League who played for the Lotte Giants and Samsung Lions. Choi batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Busan.
Christine Meeusen
Christine Meeusen (b. 1959 or 1960 (age 65–66)), also known as "Sister Kate", is a Merced-based farmer and businessperson, best known as the founder and owner of Sisters of the Valley, a business specializing in high-CBD, low-THC preparations made from on-premises grown cannabis.

Sisters of the Valley
Sisters of the Valley is a small business that sells cannabidiol tinctures, cannabidiol infused oil, and cannabidiol salves, for oral and topical use, made with ethanol and coconut oil, via their website and the craft e-commerce website Etsy. It is based in Merced, California, and its proprietors follow a monastic motif.
Telmatobius culeus
Telmatobius culeus, commonly known as the Titicaca water frog or Lake Titicaca frog, is a medium-large to very large and endangered species of frog in the family Telmatobiidae. It is entirely aquatic and found only in the Lake Titicaca basin, including rivers that flow into it and smaller connected lakes like Arapa, Lagunillas and Saracocha, in the Andean highlands of Bolivia and Peru. In reference to its loose skin, it is sometimes jokingly referred to as the Titicaca scrotum frog.

It is closely related to the more widespread and semiaquatic marbled water frog (T. marmoratus), which also occurs in shallow, coastal parts of Lake Titicaca, but lacks the excessive skin and it is generally smaller (although overlapping in size with some forms of the Titicaca water frog).

Telmatobius marmoratus
Telmatobius marmoratus, the marbled water frog, is a vulnerable species of frog in the family Telmatobiidae. The most widespread species in the genus, it is found in the Andean highlands of Bolivia, northern Chile and southern Peru. It may also occur in northwestern Argentina, but the taxonomic position of this population is unclear.
LSID
Life Science Identifiers are a way to name and locate pieces of information on the web. Essentially, an LSID is a unique identifier for some data, and the LSID protocol specifies a standard way to locate the data (as well as a standard way of describing that data). They are a little like DOIs used by many publishers.

An LSID is represented as a uniform resource name (URN) with the following format:

urn:lsid:⟨Authority⟩:⟨Namespace⟩:⟨ObjectID⟩[:⟨Version⟩]

The lsid: namespace, however, is not registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and so these are not strictly URNs or URIs.

LSIDs may be resolved in URLs, e.g. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CDC8D258-8F57-41DC-B560-247E17D3DC8C%5B%5D

Uniform Resource Name
A Uniform Resource Name (URN) is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that uses the urn scheme. URNs are globally unique persistent identifiers assigned within defined namespaces so they will be available for a long period of time, even after the resource which they identify ceases to exist or becomes unavailable. URNs cannot be used to directly locate an item and need not be resolvable, as they are simply templates that another parser may use to find an item.
Westfield UTC
Westfield UTC is an upscale, open-air shopping mall in the University City community of San Diego, California. It lies just east of La Jolla, near the University of California, San Diego. The mall is served by UTC Transit Center, which is the northern terminus of the Blue Line of the San Diego Trolley.

UTC Transit Center
UTC Transit Center is a San Diego Trolley station and transportation hub in the University City district of San Diego, California. It is located at Westfield UTC mall. The station's elevated trolley platform is served by the Blue Line, and stands above Genesee Avenue at its intersection with Esplanade Court. Its at-grade bus plaza is built into the lower level of one of the mall's parking structures that includes 333 spaces that can be used by transit customers who pay an hourly fee.

Bus service began at the transit center on October 27, 2017, and trolley service began four years later on November 21, 2021, as the new terminus of the Blue Line; it was constructed as part of the Mid-Coast Trolley extension project.
Crandola Valsassina
Crandola Valsassina (Valassinese Lombard: Cràndola) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Lecco.

Crandola Valsassina borders the following municipalities: Casargo, Cortenova, Margno, Primaluna, Taceno.

Primaluna
Primaluna (Valassinese Lombard: Premalüne) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Lecco.

Primaluna borders the following municipalities: Casargo, Cortenova, Crandola Valsassina, Esino Lario, Introbio, Pasturo, Premana.
IF Björklöven
IF Björklöven (often simply referred to as Löven) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club in Umeå, Västerbotten, in northern Sweden. The club is currently playing in the second-tier league HockeyAllsvenskan as of the 2024-25 season, but has played 15 seasons in the top Swedish league Elitserien (1976–77, 1978–79 to 1988–89, 1993–94, 1998–99 and 2000–01, becoming national champions in 1987).

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Nadia Schadlow
Nadia Catherine Schadlow (born c. 1965) is an American academic and defense-related government officer who briefly served in 2018 as Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategy in the first Trump Administration. She is the primary author of the 2017 National Security Strategy (NSS).

National Security Strategy (United States)
The National Security Strategy (NSS) is a document prepared periodically by the executive branch of the United States that lists the national security concerns and how the administration plans to deal with them. The legal foundation for the document is spelled out in the Goldwater–Nichols Act. The document is purposely general in content, and its implementation relies on elaborating guidance provided in supporting documents such as the National Defense Strategy (NDS) or the National Military Strategy.
Francisco Marcó del Pont
Francisco Casimiro Marcó del Pont y Ángel (Latin American Spanish: [fɾanˈsisko maɾˈko ðel pond]; June 25, 1770 – May 19, 1819) was a Spanish soldier and the last Governor of Chile. He was one of the main figures of the Chilean independence process, being the final Spaniard to rule as Royal Governor of Chile from 1815 to 1817, when he was deposed and captured by the patriot forces after the Battle of Chacabuco.

Battle of Chacabuco
The Battle of Chacabuco, fought during the Chilean War of Independence, took place on February 12, 1817. The Army of the Andes, from the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata and led by Captain–General José de San Martín, defeated a Spanish force commanded by Rafael Maroto. This victory was a significant defeat for the Captaincy General of Chile, the royalist government established after the division of the Viceroyalty of Peru.
The Big Sick
The Big Sick is a 2017 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Michael Showalter and written by Emily V. Gordon and Kumail Nanjiani. It stars Nanjiani, Zoe Kazan, Holly Hunter, Ray Romano, Adeel Akhtar, and Anupam Kher. Gordon and Nanjiani wrote the film based on their relationship; it follows an interracial couple who must deal with cultural differences after Emily (Kazan) becomes ill.

The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20, 2017. It began a limited theatrical release on June 23, 2017, by Amazon Studios and Lionsgate, before going wide on July 14, 2017. One of the most acclaimed films of 2017, it was chosen by American Film Institute as one of the top 10 films of the year and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. With a budget of $5 million, it grossed $56 million worldwide, becoming one of the highest-grossing independent films of 2017.

Ray Romano
Raymond Albert Romano (born December 21, 1957)  is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He is best known for his role as Raymond "Ray" Barone on the CBS sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond (1996–2005), for which he won three Primetime Emmy Awards (one as an actor and two as producer). He is also known for being the voice of Manny in the Ice Age franchise. He has received several other awards including nominations for two Grammy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

He created and starred in the TNT comedy drama Men of a Certain Age (2009–2011). From 2012 to 2015, Romano had a recurring role as Hank Rizzoli, a love interest of Sarah Braverman in the NBC series Parenthood. More recently he co-starred in the romantic comedy The Big Sick (2017) and portrayed mob lawyer Bill Bufalino in Martin Scorsese's epic crime film The Irishman (2019). From 2017 to 2019, Romano portrayed Rick Moreweather in the Epix comedy-drama series Get Shorty.
17th Venice International Film Festival
The 17th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 28 August to 9 September 1956.

No Golden Lion was awarded, the international jury was unable to decide the winner, after a tie in the voting between The Burmese Harp and Calle Mayor, the award was declared void for the first (and only) time ever.

The Burmese Harp (1956 film)
The Burmese Harp (ビルマの竪琴, Biruma no Tategoto; a.k.a. Harp of Burma) is a 1956 Japanese drama film directed by Kon Ichikawa. Based on a children's novel of the same name written by Michio Takeyama, it tells the story of Japanese soldiers who fought in the Burma Campaign during World War II. A member of the group goes missing after the war, and the soldiers hope to uncover whether their friend survived, and if he is the same person as a Buddhist monk they see playing a harp. The film was among the first to show the losses of the war from a Japanese soldier's perspective.

The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film of 1956. In 1985, Ichikawa remade The Burmese Harp in color with a new cast, and the remake was a major box office success, becoming the number one Japanese film on the domestic market in 1985 and the second largest Japanese box office hit up to that time.
Gütersloh
Gütersloh (German pronunciation: [ˈɡyːtɐsloː] ⓘ; Low German: Gütsel) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the region of Ostwestfalen-Lippe and the administrative region of Detmold. Gütersloh is the administrative centre for a district of the same name and has a population of 102,464 people.

RAF Gütersloh
Royal Air Force Gütersloh, more commonly known as RAF Gütersloh, was a Royal Air Force Germany military airfield, the nearest Royal Air Force airfield to the East/West German border, in the vicinity of the town of Gütersloh. It was constructed by the German government prior to the Second World War.  The station was captured by the American forces in April 1945 and was handed over to the RAF in June 1945 as Headquarters No. 2 Group RAF.
Bussy, Fribourg
Bussy (French pronunciation: [bysi]; Arpitan: Bussê) is a former municipality in the district of Broye in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Bussy, Estavayer-le-Lac, Morens, Murist, Rueyres-les-Prés, Vernay and Vuissens merged into the new municipality of Estavayer.

Estavayer
Estavayer (French pronunciation: [ɛstavaje]; Arpitan: Thavalyi [θavaˈʎi]) is a municipality of the canton of Fribourg, situated on the south shore of Lake Neuchâtel. Estavayer is located between Yverdon and Bern. It is the capital of the district of Broye.  It was created on 1 January 2017 when the former municipalities of Bussy, Estavayer-le-Lac, Morens, Murist, Rueyres-les-Prés, Vernay and Vuissens merged to form Estavayer.
Steven C. Miller
Steven C. Miller is an American filmmaker. He has directed films in the horror and action genres, including Automaton Transfusion (2006), Silent Night (2012), Marauders (2016), Escape Plan 2: Hades (2018), and Line of Duty (2019).

Escape Plan 2: Hades
Escape Plan 2: Hades is a 2018 American direct-to-video prison action thriller film directed by Steven C. Miller. It is the sequel to the 2013 film Escape Plan, and the second installment in the Escape Plan film series. It stars Sylvester Stallone and Curtis Jackson reprising their roles from the first film, with Dave Bautista, Huang Xiaoming, Jaime King, Jesse Metcalfe, Titus Welliver, and Wes Chatham joining the cast. Escape Plan 2: Hades was released straight-to-DVD in the United States but received theatrical releases in such countries as Russia on June 28, 2018, and in China on June 29, 2018. The film received negative reviews from critics; it grossed $17.6 million in some theaters and $4.2 million in domestic home market against a production budget of $20 million.

A sequel, Escape Plan: The Extractors, was released in 2019.
Interstellar cloud
An interstellar cloud is an accumulation of gas, plasma, and cosmic dust in galaxies. Put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium, the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. Depending on the density, size, and temperature of a given cloud, its hydrogen can be neutral, making an H I region; ionized, or plasma making it an H II region; or molecular, which are referred to simply as molecular clouds, or sometime dense clouds. Neutral and ionized clouds are sometimes also called diffuse clouds. An interstellar cloud is formed by the gas and dust particles from a red giant in its later life.

Molecular cloud
A molecular cloud—sometimes called a stellar nursery if star formation is occurring within—is a type of interstellar cloud of which the density and size permit absorption nebulae, the formation of molecules (most commonly molecular hydrogen, H2), and the formation of H II regions. This is in contrast to other areas of the interstellar medium that contain predominantly ionized gas.

Molecular hydrogen is difficult to detect by infrared and radio observations, so the molecule most often used to determine the presence of H2 is carbon monoxide (CO). The ratio between CO luminosity and H2 mass is thought to be constant, although there are reasons to doubt this assumption in observations of some other galaxies.

Within molecular clouds are regions with higher density, where much dust and many gas cores reside, called clumps. These clumps are the beginning of star formation if gravitational forces are sufficient to cause the dust and gas to collapse.
Phase detector
A phase detector or phase comparator is a frequency mixer, analog multiplier or logic circuit that generates a signal which represents the difference in phase between two signal inputs.

The phase detector is an essential element of the phase-locked loop (PLL). Detecting phase difference is important in other applications, such as motor control, radar and telecommunication systems, servo mechanisms, and demodulators.

Frequency mixer
In electronics, a mixer or frequency mixer is a circuit that outputs signals with new frequencies from two signals input to it. In its most common application, two signals are input and two signals are output, having frequencies equal to the sum and the difference of the original frequencies. Other frequency components may also be produced in a practical frequency mixer.

Mixers are widely used to shift signals from one frequency range to another, a process known as heterodyning, for convenience in transmission or further signal processing. For example, a key component of a superheterodyne receiver is a mixer used to move received signals to a common intermediate frequency. Frequency mixers are also used to modulate a carrier signal in radio transmitters.
NSG (group)
NSG is a British afroswing collective from Hackney, East London. The group consists of six members: OGD, Kruddz, Mojo, Dope, Papii Abz, and Mxjib They released their first Album "AREA BOYZ" (2023) an EP, Grown Up (2016) and mixtape Roots (2020) — which includes their most successful singles "Options" featuring Tion Wayne and "Yo Darlin" featuring Geko. They released their second album, "The Big Six" on 28 February 2025, and third album "Sounds Of The Diaspora" in 2026. NSG is an acronym with multiple meanings such as: Nipple Sucking Gang, Non-Stop Grinding, Never Stop Growing, Nice Silly Guys, No Sleep Gang, and Nigeria Slash Ghana.

Options (NSG song)
"Options" is a song by NSG featuring vocals from Tion Wayne and production by Jae5. It was released on 30 November 2018 by NSG Entertainment. It peaked at number 7 on the UK Singles Chart in March 2019, and also reached number 52 on the Irish Singles Chart.
Oklahoma State Highway 74
State Highway 74, usually abbreviated as SH-74 or OK-74 (or simply Highway 74), is the numbering of two different highways maintained by the U.S. state of Oklahoma. These highways were once a single major north–south route, connecting Oklahoma City to more rural parts of the state. The original road stretched from SH-7 near Tatums to SH-11 west of Deer Creek.

Due to encroaching Interstate highways—especially Interstate 35 (I-35)—the middle section of the route through Norman, Moore, and Oklahoma City was decommissioned in 1979 for reasons of redundancy. However, some maps show SH-74 as running concurrently with I-35, I-240, and I-44, thus linking the two sections.

The north section of the route is 91+1⁄2 miles (147.3 km) in length, while the southern section is 52+1⁄2 miles (84.5 km) long. This leads to a total length of 144 miles (232 km).

Interstate 35 in Oklahoma
Interstate 35 (I-35), in the US State of Oklahoma, runs from the Red River at the Texas border to the Kansas state line near Braman for a length of 236 miles (380 km). I-35 has one auxiliary route in the state, I-235, in the inner city of Oklahoma City. A second auxiliary route, I-335, is the designation for the Kickapoo Turnpike, although it will not meet I-35 until the southern extension of the turnpike to a junction with I-35 in Purcell is built. Excluding the Panhandle, I-35 forms the informal bisector for central Oklahoma, and along with US 81/US 283 in western Oklahoma and US 69/US 75 in the eastern portion, it provides one of the main north-south corridors through the state.
Eda Rae
Eda Rae (Sinhala, That Night) is a 1953 Sri Lankan film directed by Shanthi Kumar Seneviratne and Produced by Sisil Disanayaka. The film stars  Sita Jayawardena and Herbie Seneviratne in lead roles whereas Shanthi Kumar, Premnath Moraes and Wanshawathi Daulagala made supporting roles. The music was directed by Mohammed Gauss.

The film achieved some popularity in the country. The musician Latha Walpola debuted as a playback singer in this film.

Latha Walpola
Deshamanya Kalasuri Matharage Rita Genevieve Fernando (11 November 1934 – 27 December 2025), better known by her stage name Latha Walpola (Sinhala: ලතා වල්පොල), was a Sri Lankan singer. Affectionately known as "The Nightingale of Sri Lanka", Walpola had a stellar career as a playback singer spanned for eight decades and sang about 6750 songs for nearly 600 films.
Støv på hjernen (1959 film)
Støv på hjernen is a 1959 Norwegian comedy film directed by Øyvind Vennerød and starring Inger Marie Andersen and Odd Borg. It was based on a novel by Eva Ramm, and shot on location in Lambertseter.

The film's title translates into "dust on the brain" and the story centers around the busybody housewives of a modern Norwegian working-class neighbourhood of the 1950s. It became an immediate smash hit, was seen by 1.5 million people in Norwegian cinemas, making it one of the most successful Norwegian movies in history (the population of Norway at the time was under 4 million). It has since been repeated often on television. It was followed by two sequels, Sønner av Norge (1961) and Sønner av Norge kjøper bil (1962), and remade in Denmark as Støv på hjernen.

Odd Borg
Odd Carl Arthur Borg (May 26, 1931 – November 13, 1965) was a Norwegian actor and singer. He was engaged with the Central Theater from 1953 to 1960, and with the National Theater from 1960 until his death. Borg was found dead behind the Amphitheater Stage (Norwegian: Amfiscenen) after the premiere of the play Hva skal vi gjøre? by Klaus Rifbjerg and Jesper Jensen.

As a singer, he recorded the song "Jeg plystrer mens jeg går" (I Whistle While I Walk) on a gramophone record in 1957. It was a Norwegian version of the American hit "Just Walkin' in the Rain." As an actor, he is remembered for roles such as the intolerable daddy's boy and shipowner Rieber-Larsen Jr. in Operasjon Løvsprett, as a naval commander in Operasjon Sjøsprøyt, and the male lead role in Støv på hjernen. The same year he died, he starred in the next to last Stompa film, Stompa forelsker seg.

Odd Borg was married to the dancer Anne Borg. Borg was a cousin of the Olsen Gang director Knut Bohwim.
Task (TV series)
Task is an American crime drama television series created and written by Brad Ingelsby for HBO. It stars Mark Ruffalo, Tom Pelphrey, Emilia Jones, Thuso Mbedu, Raúl Castillo, Jamie McShane, Sam Keeley, Fabien Frankel, Alison Oliver, Silvia Dionicio, and Martha Plimpton. The first season premiered on September 7, 2025, consisting of seven episodes.

In November 2025, the series was renewed for a second season.

Fabien Frankel
Fabien Joseph Frankel (born 6 April 1994) is an English actor and director. He is best known for his role as Ser Criston Cole in the HBO fantasy drama series House of the Dragon (2022–present) and as Anthony Grasso in HBO's 2025 crime drama series Task. He has also appeared in Netflix and BBC One hit The Serpent. Frankel is also an award-nominated director and producer.