hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Challengers (game show)
The Challengers is an American game show that aired in syndication during the 1990-91 television season.  The series was created by Ron Greenberg and was based largely on his 1969 production The Who, What, or Where Game. Dick Clark presided over the show with Don Morrow announcing. The Challengers was a joint production of Ron Greenberg Productions and Dick Clark Productions, with Buena Vista Television (now Disney–ABC Domestic Television) as distributor.

The Challengers premiered on September 3, 1990 and aired new episodes until August 2, 1991. A series of reruns filled out the remainder of its broadcast run, which ended on August 30, 1991. The program was one of five syndicated game shows to premiere in the fall of 1990 and had the longest run of the five due to its production schedule, but like the others it was not renewed for a second season.

Disney–ABC Domestic Television
Disney–ABC Domestic Television (also referred to as ABC Syndication, doing business as Disney–ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution, and formerly named Buena Vista Television) is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of Disney Entertainment, which is a division of The Walt Disney Company. Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication, domestic pay television, Internet and cable video-on-demand (VOD), and pay-per-view outlets.
Keith Pavitt
Keith Pavitt (13 January 1937, in London – 20 December 2002, in Lewes, East Sussex) was an English scholar in the field of Science and Technology Policy and Innovation Management. He was professor of Science and Technology Policy at the Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU) of the University of Sussex from 1984 to his death.

Daniele Archibugi
Daniele Archibugi (born 17 July 1958 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian economic and political theorist. He works on the economics and policy of innovation and technological change, on the political theory of international relations and on political and technological globalisation.
2017 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 2017 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship is the 130th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887. The championship began on 27 April 2017 and ended in October 2017. Cuala won their third title in a row.

Cuala were the defending champions defeating Kilmacud Crokes in the 2016 final.

Cuala G.A.A.
Cuala GAA club (or Cuala GAC, [ˈkuəlˠə] KOO-luh) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Dalkey in the south of County Dublin, Ireland. It fields teams in Dublin GAA competitions. Cuala is primarily based in a sports and social centre in Dalkey, and also has playing facilities in Glenageary, Meadow Vale/Clonkeen Park, Shankill and Sallynoggin.

The club name derives from Cualu or Cuala, an ancient kingdom of Ireland that stretched roughly from the Liffey to Arklow.
Lia McHugh
Lia Ryan McHugh (born November 18, 2005) is an American actress. She has roles in Totem (2017), The Lodge, and Into the Dark (both 2019). She portrayed Sprite in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Eternals (2021).

Totem (film)
Totem is a 2017 American supernatural horror film directed by Marcel Sarmiento and starring Kerris Dorsey, Ahna O’Reilly and James Tupper. The film is written by Evan Dickson, from a story by Dickson and Sarmiento. The film is a co-production between Blumhouse Productions, Divide/Conquer and Gunpowder & Sky.

The film was released on October 31, 2017 by Cinemax.
Adam Richard
Adam Richard (born Adam Richard Dellamarta, 1 January 1971 in Carlton, Victoria) is an Australian comedian, actor, radio presenter, writer and media personality, best known co-writing and starring in Outland, an ABC1 comedy series about a group of LGBT sci-fi geeks. Richard was also a team captain on the 2014 revival of music quiz and live music performance show Spicks and Specks, and he was a permanent panel member on the Doctor Who–themed 2017 show Whovians.

Spicks and Specks (TV series)
Spicks and Specks is an Australian music-themed comedic television quiz show in which host Adam Hills asks two teams of three people each music-themed questions in different games. Team leaders are Myf Warhurst and Alan Brough. Members of each team vary from episode to episode; one per team generally comes from the world of music and the other from comedy. Scores are kept, but the prize for the winners is simply personal satisfaction. Many games are named after, or otherwise reference, well known song titles.

The series originally aired on ABC1 at 8:30pm on Wednesday nights, with the show repeated on Thursdays on ABC2 at 8pm. The previous year's season was repeated every Friday at 2:30pm on ABC1. After the show's end in 2011, and an unsuccessful 2014 relaunch featuring new hosts, a 2018 reunion special with the original hosts aired, the success of which ensured several more themed specials, and an eventual revival of the show.
Indexed grammar
Indexed grammars are a generalization of context-free grammars in that nonterminals are equipped with lists of flags, or index symbols.
The language produced by an indexed grammar is called an indexed language.

Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism
In computational linguistics, the term mildly context-sensitive grammar formalisms refers to several grammar formalisms that have been developed in an effort to provide adequate descriptions of the syntactic structure of natural language.

Every mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism defines a class of mildly context-sensitive grammars (the grammars that can be specified in the formalism), and therefore also a class of mildly context-sensitive languages (the formal languages generated by the grammars).
Ramsbury
Ramsbury is a village and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire. The village is in the Kennet Valley near the Berkshire boundary. The nearest towns are Hungerford about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) east and Marlborough about 5.5 miles (8.9 km) west. The much larger town of Swindon is about 12 miles (19 km) to the north.

The civil parish includes the hamlet of Axford about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west of Ramsbury, and three smaller hamlets: New Town, close to Ramsbury to the southeast, and Knighton and Whittonditch, both about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east. The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 1,989.

Baydon
Baydon is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England about 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Swindon. The eastern boundary of the parish forms part of the county boundary with Berkshire, and the village is about 7 miles (11 km) north-west of the West Berkshire market town of Hungerford.
I'll Always Love You (1943 film)
I'll Always Love You (Italian: T'amerò sempre) is a 1943 Italian romantic drama film directed by Mario Camerini and starring Alida Valli, Gino Cervi, Antonio Centa and Jules Berry. It was shot at the Cinecittà Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gastone Medin. It is a remake of the 1933 film of the same title.

I'll Always Love You (1933 film)
I'll Always Love You (Italian: T'amerò sempre) is a 1933 Italian romantic drama film directed by Mario Camerini and starring Elsa De Giorgi, Nino Besozzi and Mino Doro. It was shot at the Cines Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gastone Medin. A separate French-language version Je vous aimerai toujours was also produced. In 1943 Camerini remade the film under the same title.
Alexandria Opera House
Alexandria Opera House, also known as Sayed Darwish Theatre is a historic opera house in the city of Alexandria, Egypt. The 1,200-seat Renaissance Revival venue was built from 1918 to 1921, designed by Georges Parcq. The opera house was inaugurated as the Teatro Mohamed Ali in the presence of King Fouad I. It became known by its current name after the 1952 Revolution.

Georges Parcq
Georges Parcq (1874–1939) was a French architect who worked in Cairo, Egypt from 1910 to 1939. Among his famous works are the Sednaoui Emporium department store  in Cairo, the Alexandria Opera House, the Cairo Stock Exchange and the Villa Minost from 1931 in Cairo.
GRAM domain
The GRAM domain  is found in glucosyltransferases, myotubularins and other membrane-associated proteins. The structure of the GRAM domain is similar to that found in PH domains.

Proteins containing GRAM domains are found in all eukaryotes and bacteria, but not archaea.  Various GRAM domains can bind proteins or lipids.

Myotubularin
Myotubularin domain represents a region within eukaryotic myotubularin-related proteins that is sometimes found with the GRAM domain. Myotubularin is a dual-specific lipid phosphatase that dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol (3,5)-bi-phosphate. Mutations in gene encoding myotubularin-related proteins have been associated with disease.
Crossmaglen Rangers GAC
Crossmaglen Rangers Gaelic Athletic Club (Irish: Raonaithe na Croise) is a GAA club in Crossmaglen, County Armagh, Northern Ireland. They cater for Gaelic football and camogie. Their home football ground is St. Oliver Plunkett Park, which was opened in 1959. In 1971 the British Army took possession of a portion of the ground despite opposition from the club and the Irish Government, and this led to a controversy regarding the British Army's conduct.

The club have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship on six occasions. They have won the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship 11 times and won the Armagh Senior Football Championship 47 times.

All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football tournament which began in season 1970–71. It is the top-tier competition for the senior football clubs of Ireland and London.

The current champions are Dingle of Kerry who defeated St Brigid's of Roscommon on 18 January 2026 to win their first All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

The current trophy is the Andy Merrigan Cup, named after a footballer who played for Castletown Liam Mellows and Wexford who died as a result of a farm accident at the height of his playing career. It was first presented in 1974.
Vincent Lübeck
Vincent Lübeck (c. September 1654 – 9 February 1740) was a German composer and organist. He was born in Padingbüttel and worked as organist and composer at Stade's St. Cosmae et Damiani (1675–1702) and Hamburg's famous St. Nikolai (1702–1740), where he played one of the largest contemporary organs. He enjoyed a remarkably high reputation in his lifetime, and had numerous pupils, among whom were two of his sons.

Despite Lübeck's longevity and fame, very few compositions by him survive: a handful of organ praeludia and chorales in the North German style, a few cantatas and several pieces for harpsichord, some of which were published during the composer's lifetime. Of his works, the organ pieces are the most important: influenced by Dieterich Buxtehude and Johann Adam Reincken, Lübeck composed technically and artistically sophisticated works, with frequent virtuosic passages for pedal, five-voice polyphony, and other devices rarely used by most of the composers of the period.

Johann Adam Reincken
Johann Adam Reincken (also Jan Adams, Jean Adam, Reinken, Reinkinck, Reincke, Reinicke, Reinike; baptized 10 December 1643 – 24 November 1722) was a Dutch/German organist and composer. He was one of the most important composers of the 17th century, a friend of Dieterich Buxtehude and a major influence on Johann Sebastian Bach; however, very few of his works survive to this day.
Running on Empty (album)
Running on Empty is the fifth album by American singer-songwriter Jackson Browne.  Featuring songs themed around life on the road, the entire album was recorded on tour, either live on stage, or in locations associated with touring, such as backstage, on tour buses, or in hotel rooms.  Released in 1977, the album reached No. 3 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart in 1978 and stayed on the charts for 65 weeks. The single for the title track, "Running on Empty", peaked at No. 11 and the follow-up single, "The Load-Out"/"Stay", reached No. 20 on the Billboard Pop Singles chart.

The album received two Grammy Award nominations in 1979: one for Album of the Year and the other for Pop Male Vocal Performance for the song "Running on Empty".

Stay (Maurice Williams song)
"Stay" is a doo-wop song written by Maurice Williams, first recorded in 1960 by Williams with his group the Zodiacs. Commercially successful versions were later also issued by the Hollies, the Four Seasons and Jackson Browne.
As Is (album)
As Is is the third British studio album by Manfred Mann, released in the United Kingdom on 21 October 1966 through Fontana Records. It was their fourth overall (including a "greatest hits" package) but their first to feature new members Mike d'Abo and Klaus Voormann.

Mike d'Abo
Michael David d'Abo (born 1 March 1944) is an English singer and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist of Manfred Mann from 1966 to the group's dissolution in 1969, and as the composer of the songs "Handbags and Gladrags" and "Build Me Up Buttercup", the latter of which was a hit for the Foundations. With Manfred Mann, d'Abo achieved six top twenty hits on the UK Singles Chart, including "Semi-Detached, Suburban Mr. James", "Ha! Ha! Said the Clown" and the chart topper "Mighty Quinn". He is the father of actress Olivia d'Abo.
Sándor Rózsa
Sandor Rozsa (July 10, 1813 – November 22, 1878) was a Hungarian serial killer, robber, and outlaw (in Hungarian: betyár). He is the best-known Hungarian highwayman; his life inspired numerous writers, notably Zsigmond Móricz and Gyula Krúdy.  After his death, his life was romanticized in fiction due to his role in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.  Rózsa, like Jóska Sobri, is one of the most famous Hungarian betyárs (bandits).

Betyár
The betyárs (Hungarian: betyár (singular) or betyárok (plural)) were the highwaymen of the 19th century Kingdom of Hungary. The "betyár" word is the Hungarian version of "Social Bandit". (The word itself is of Ottoman Turkish origin:"bekar" means 'bachelor' or 'unmarried man' in Turkish.)

Several betyárs have become legendary figures who in the public mind fought for social justice. The most famous Hungarian betyárs were Sándor Rózsa from the Great Hungarian Plain, Jóska Sobri, Jóska Savanyú  from Bakony and Márton Vidróczky from Mátra.

Batyar culture  (Ukrainian: батяр, romanized: batiar) was spread in the western part of Ukraine (modern Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, Ternopil oblast) during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Azhagarsamiyin Kuthirai
Azhagarsamiyin Kuthirai (transl. Azhagarsami's Horse) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language mystery comedy drama film directed by Suseenthiran, based on the short story of the same name penned by writer Bhaskar Sakthi. The film stars Appukutty and Saranya Mohan in lead and features music by Ilaiyaraaja. The film was produced by Escape Artists Motion Pictures and distributed by Cloud Nine Movies. It was released on 12 May 2011.

The film was screened at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival, becoming the second Tamil film to be screened there after Kannathil Muthamittal (2002). In 2012, the film was honored with two National Film Awards for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment and Best Supporting Actor for Appukutty.

Appukutty
Sivabalan, better known as Appukutty, is an Indian actor and comedian, who mainly appears in Tamil films. He became recognized following his performance in Vennila Kabadi Kuzhu. His role as Azhagarsami in Azhagarsamiyin Kudhirai was praised by film critics and fetched him the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor.
The Blues Brothers (video game)
The Blues Brothers is a platform game based on the band The Blues Brothers, where the object is to evade police and other vigilantes to get to a blues concert. The game was released for IBM PC, Amstrad CPC, Amiga, Commodore 64, and Atari ST in 1991, and for the NES and Game Boy in 1992. It was created by Titus France. A sequel, The Blues Brothers: Jukebox Adventure, was released for the SNES in 1993 (as The Blues Brothers) and for IBM PC compatibles and the Game Boy in 1994. The theme music of the video game is an electronic arrangement of Peter Gunn. Zzap!64 ranked the Commodore 64 port the eighth-best all-time Commodore 64 game in 1993, and the game was the best platformer for PC, Atari ST and Amiga consoles of 1991 of Zero journalist David Wilson.

The Blues Brothers: Jukebox Adventure
The Blues Brothers: Jukebox Adventure is a video game based on the band The Blues Brothers and a sequel to The Blues Brothers. The game was released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1993 (as The Blues Brothers) and for IBM PC compatibles and Game Boy in 1994. An Amiga port was developed and even reviewed by several videogame magazines, but never released.
Oliver Laxe
Óliver Laxe Coro (Galician: [ˈlaʃɪ]; born 11 April 1982) is a French-born Spanish film director, screenwriter and actor. Better known for his films You All Are Captains (2010), Mimosas (2016), Fire Will Come (2019) and Sirāt (2025). The latter has been nominated for Best International Film and Best Sound at the 98th Academy Awards and earned Laxe the Jury Prize at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival.

Fire Will Come
Fire Will Come (Galician: O que arde) is a 2019  Galician-language drama film directed by Óliver Laxe. Filmed in the Serra dos Ancares area of Galicia, many of the cast were local people and not professional actors.
Joel P. Corin
Joel P. Corin was a composer in the United States. Several songsheet collections include his work. Felix F. Feist wrote the lyrics to some of his songs. His song "The Old Barn Dance" was recorded by the Victor Dance Orchestra.

Felix F. Feist
Felix F. Feist (July 15, 1883 - April 15, 1936) was a lyricist and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer executive. He wrote the lyrics for songs in several Broadway shows. Leo Feist, one of the "Big 7" sheet music publishers, was his brother. Felix E. Feist was his son, and Raymond E. Feist is his grandson. Several of the songs he wrote the lyrics for became prominent. "Strolling 'Long the Pike" was a song set at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis. Ada Jones recorded the song "Bull Frog & Coon" in 1906 for Edison Records. It was also recorded by the Five Brown Brothers in 1911. Feist wrote the lyrics for the song now known as "Skidamarink", a popular children's song.
Chust, Uzbekistan
Chust (Uzbek: Chust/Чуст; Russian: Чуст) is a city in eastern Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Chust District. The City of Chust is located in the northern corner of the Fergana Valley along the river Chustsoy.

Chust is one of the oldest cities in the Fergana Valley. The Fergana automobile road passes through the city. This road connects Chust with several other places, such as the cities of Namangan, Andijan, Kokand and Fergana.

Chust underwent significant changes during the Soviet period. Many factories and institutions were built during that time. Currently, the city is an important center for cotton processing.

Chust District
Chust is a district of Namangan Region in Uzbekistan. The capital is the city Chust. Its area is 937 km2. Its population is 269,300 (2021 est.). The district consists of one city (Chust), eleven urban-type settlements (Olmos, Axcha, Sarimsoqtepa, Varzik, Qoraqoʻrgʻon, Gʻova, Karkidon, Karnon, Yorqishloq, Shoyon, Xisorak) and eleven rural communities.

Chust is one of the largest districts of Namangan region. Chust was founded on September 29, 1926.Chust District Nawabhor Mahalla is the largest settlement in Chust District. The chairman of this neighborhood is Bahadir Lukhmanov. Navbahor's neighboring neighborhoods are Chilonzor from the north, Gogi-Shamal from the west, Sabzazor from the south, and Bibiona from the east.
Crudgington
Crudgington is a village in the borough of Telford and Wrekin and ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. It is situated in the civil parish of Waters Upton, a village to the north, and is 7 miles north-west of Telford. Nearby is the confluence of the rivers Tern and Strine; the village lies at an elevation of 55 metres (180 ft).

Waters Upton
Waters Upton is a small village and civil parish in the Telford and Wrekin district, in the county of Shropshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 Census was 951.

It was recorded in the Domesday Book as "Uptone", when it was stated to be tenanted by a "Seuuard", and to have been held by a man called "Gamel" before the Conquest. At the time of the survey it contained 3 ox-teams, 4 neat-herds, 4 villeins, 1 boor and 1 radman, and a mill of 12s. 1d. annual value. In a reversal of the usual order seen in the naming of places and landowning families, it became known as Waters Upton after an early landowner, Walter Fitzjohn.

The civil parish, which had a total population of 873 at the 2001 census, also includes the villages of Great Bolas and Crudgington.

The village is just off the A442 and has a church, one pub (the Lion) as well as a post office.
Adam Barlow
Adam Barlow is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, played by Sam Robertson. He made his first appearance on-screen on 14 January 2001. Adam was played by Iain De Caestecker from the character's first appearance in 2001 until 21 July 2003 with Robertson taking over the role from 31 December 2004 until 20 April 2007. Robertson reprised the role in 2016 and made his return on screen on 16 November 2016. Adam is the son of Mike Baldwin (Johnny Briggs) and Susan Barlow (Joanna Foster), and the grandson of Ken Barlow (William Roache).

Iain De Caestecker
Iain De Caestecker (/də ˈkæskər/ də KAS-kər; born 29 December 1987) is a Scottish actor. He is best known for portraying Leopold Fitz/The Doctor in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2013–2020). He is also known for his roles in Coronation Street (2001–2003) as Adam Barlow and the films Shell (2012), In Fear (2013), Not Another Happy Ending (2013), Lost River (2014), and Overlord (2018).
Theresa Helburn
Theresa Helburn (January 12, 1887 – August 18, 1959) was an American playwright and theatrical producer best known for her work as a co-founder and producer of New York's Theatre Guild from 1919 to the 1950s.

Theatre Guild
The Theatre Guild is a theatrical society founded in New York City in 1918 by Lawrence Langner, Philip Moeller, Helen Westley and Theresa Helburn. Langner's wife, Armina Marshall, then served as a co-director. It evolved out of the work of the Washington Square Players.
Twelve Moons
Twelve Moons is an album by the Jan Garbarek Group recorded in September 1992 and released on ECM the following year. The septet features rhythm section Rainer Brüninghaus, Eberhard Weber and Manu Katché, percussionist Marilyn Mazur and singers Agnes Buen Garnås and Mari Boine.

Marilyn Mazur
Marilyn Mazur (January 18, 1955 – December 12, 2025) was an American-born Danish percussionist. From 1975, she worked as a percussionist with various groups, among them Six Winds with Alex Riel. Mazur was primarily an autodidact, but she had a degree in percussion from the Royal Danish Academy of Music.