hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disarmament of the Lou Nuer
The disarmament of the Lou Nuer was a forcible disarmament campaign undertaken by the SPLA in Southern Sudan in December 2005. While other groups had been peacefully disarmed, the Lou section of the Nuer in Northern Jonglei State refused to comply. The SPLA organized a force under Peter Bol Kong to forcibly disarm the Lou Nuer, whose White Army resisted until a defeat in the battle of Motot, after which they fled the area.

Nuer White Army
The Nuer White Army, sometimes decapitalised as the "white army", is a semi-official name for an ethnic Nuer militant organization in central and eastern Greater Upper Nile in modern-day South Sudan formed around 1991. According to the Small Arms Survey, it arose from the 1991 schism within the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) for the dual purpose of defending Nuer cattle herds from neighbouring groups and fighting in the Second Sudanese Civil War between the SPLM/A and the Sudanese government.

While sometimes reported that the White Army was so named due to the Nuer practice of smearing one's skin with a light-coloured ash as a protection against biting insects, other sources contend the name was merely intended to draw a distinction between the Nuer militia and the Sudan Armed Forces, with the irregular "white" forces opposing the regular "black" forces.
Saratoga, Nebraska Territory
Saratoga Springs, Nebraska Territory, or Saratoga, was a boom and bust town founded in 1856 that thrived for several years. During its short period of influence the town grew quickly, outpacing other local settlements in the area including Omaha and Florence, and briefly considered as a candidate for the Nebraska Territorial capitol. Saratoga was annexed into Omaha in 1887, and has been regarded a neighborhood in North Omaha since then.

Carter Lake (Iowa–Nebraska)
Carter Lake is a shallow oxbow lake in Nebraska and Iowa, located next to Omaha, and marks one of the only spots the Iowa-Nebraska border is not on the Missouri River. Soon after its formation the lake was called the East Omaha Lake, and then Lake Nakoma. The city of Carter Lake, Iowa, takes its name from the lake. The lake was formed from the Saratoga Bend in the Missouri River.
Elie Saab
Elie Saab (Arabic: ايلي صعب) (born 4 July 1964) is a fashion designer based in Lebanon. He started his business in the early 1980s, and specialized in bridal couture. His work includes the use of materials such as lace, gemstones, crystals, pearls, and embroidery.

As of 2017, his couture collections were sold in Paris, London, and Beirut, and his ready-to-wear line was distributed through 160 retailers and his own boutiques.

He is the first Lebanese designer to become a member of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. In 2016, he served as a judge on Project Runway: Middle East.

Project Runway (Middle East)
Project Runway Middle East,  is the Arabian version of the successful American reality TV show Project Runway. The show premiered on September 4, 2016  on MBC Group. The show features 12 Arabian designers who compete to become "the next big Arab designer".  The contestants compete with each other to create the best clothes and are restricted in time, materials and theme. Their designs are judged, and one or more designers are eliminated each week. During each season, selected competitors are progressively eliminated based on the judges' scores until only a few contestants remain; these finalists prepare a complete fashion collection, from which a winner is determined. Each episode welcomes a celebrity guest judge that will contribute in the decision making.

Project Runway Middle East is hosted by Valerie Abou Chacra, ex-Miss Lebanon 2015 and the mentor, Reem Faisal is a Saudi fashion designer and entrepreneur.
Blackjack (American band)
Blackjack was an American rock band, active from 1979–1980, featuring Michael Bolton (who was performing under his real name, Michael Bolotin), Bruce Kulick, Sandy Gennaro and Jimmy Haslip. The band was short-lived, released two albums, the self-titled Blackjack in 1979 and Worlds Apart in 1980, and embarked on a small US nationwide tour.

Jimmy Haslip
James Robert Haslip (born December 31, 1951) is an American bass guitarist who was a founding member of the jazz fusion group the Yellowjackets, which he left in 2012. He was also an early user of the five-string electric bass.
Hazelnut
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.

Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfast cereals such as muesli. In confectionery, they are used to make praline, and also used in combination with chocolate for chocolate truffles and products such as chocolate bars and hazelnut cocoa spreads such as Nutella. They are also used in Frangelico liqueur. Hazelnut oil, pressed from hazelnuts, is strongly flavored and high in monounsaturated fat. It is used as a cooking oil and as a salad or vegetable dressing.

In 2023, Turkey was the world's largest producer of hazelnuts, accounting for 57.7% of total production.

Monounsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a monounsaturated fat is a fat which contains a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), a subclass of fatty acid characterized by having a double bond in the fatty acid chain with all of the remaining carbon atoms being single-bonded. By contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have more than one double bond.
Mohammad Sal Moslehian
Mohammad Sal Moslehian (محمد صال مصلحیان) (born on 21 March 1966 in Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. He is the President of the Iranian Mathematical Society for the period of 2021-2024 and an invited member of the Iranian Academy of Sciences. His Erdős number is 3. He is known for his contribution to the operator and norm inequality. He has developed the orthogonality in Hilbert C*-modules  and has significant contributions to operator means. He established noncommutative versions of martingale and maximum inequalities that play an essential role in noncommutative probability spaces. In addition, he has written several expository papers  discussing research and education, as well as promoting mathematics.

Iranian Mathematical Society
The Iranian Mathematical Society (IMS) is the main mathematical society in Iran. It was officially registered in 1971 by Professor Mehdi Behzad, who was the first president of IMS. The current president of IMS is Professor Mohammad Sal Moslehian.
Kaoota, Tasmania
Kaoota is a rural residential locality in the local government areas (LGA) of Kingborough and Huon Valley in the Hobart and South-east LGA regions of Tasmania. The locality is about 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-west of the town of Kingston. The 2016 census recorded a population of 202 for the state suburb of Kaoota.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Interstate 464
Interstate 464 (I-464) is an Interstate Highway in the US state of Virginia. The highway runs 5.67 miles (9.12 km) from U.S. Route 17 (US 17) and State Route 168 (SR 168) in Chesapeake north to I-264 in Norfolk. I-464 connects two major highway junctions in the South Hampton Roads region. At its southern end, the Interstate meets two major highways that head toward North Carolina, US 17 and SR 168, and I-64, which follows the southern side of the Hampton Roads Beltway. At its northern terminus, I-464 has connections with Downtown Norfolk and Portsmouth via I-264.

Hampton Roads Beltway
The Hampton Roads Beltway is a loop of Interstate 64 and Interstate 664, which links the communities of the Virginia Peninsula and South Hampton Roads which surround the body of water known as Hampton Roads and comprise much of the region of the same name in the southeastern portion of Virginia in the United States. It crosses the harbor of Hampton Roads at two locations on large four-laned bridge-tunnel facilities: the eastern half carries Interstate 64 (and U.S. Route 60) and uses the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel and the western half carries Interstate 664 and uses the Monitor-Merrimac Memorial Bridge-Tunnel. The beltway has the clockwise direction (as looking down at a map of the area) signed as the Inner Loop, and the counter-clockwise direction signed as the Outer Loop. The entire beltway, including the bridge-tunnels, is owned and operated by the Virginia Department of Transportation.
Akilah Weber Pierson
Akilah Faizah Weber Pierson (born July 2, 1978) is an American politician and physician serving as a member of the California State Senate since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, she represents the 39th district, which includes parts of central San Diego as well as all of La Mesa, El Cajon, and Lemon Grove. She previously served in the California State Assembly from 2021 to 2024 as a representative of the 79th district. She is the daughter of California Secretary of State Shirley Weber, whom she succeeded in the Assembly after winning a special election in 2021.

La Mesa, California
La Mesa (lit. 'The Table') is a city in San Diego County, California, United States, located nine miles (14 kilometers) east of downtown San Diego in Southern California. The population was 61,121 at the 2020 census, up from 57,065 at the 2010 census. Its civic motto is "the Jewel of the Hills."
Middlesbrough (UK Parliament constituency)
Middlesbrough was a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, recreated in 1974, and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2012 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Andy McDonald of the Labour Party. An earlier version of the seat existed between 1868 and 1918.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Subject to expansion to include the Borough of Stockton wards of Mandale & Victoria, and Stainsby Hill, it was replaced by the new Middlesbrough and Thornaby East constituency.

2023 review of Westminster constituencies
The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023 and came into law on 29 November. It is the first review of Westminster boundaries to be successfully implemented since 2010.

These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
Invasion U.S.A. (1985 film)
Invasion U.S.A. is a 1985 American action film produced by Cannon Films, and starring Chuck Norris. It was directed by Joseph Zito. It involves the star fighting off a force of Soviet/Cuban-led guerrillas.

Both Chuck Norris and his brother, Aaron, were involved in the writing. It was made in the greater Atlanta area of Georgia, and Fort Pierce, Florida. Miami landmarks such as Dadeland Mall and Miracle Mile can also be seen in the film.

Joseph Zito
Joseph Zito (born May 14, 1946) is an American film director and producer, best known for directing several cult and genre films throughout the 1980s, such as Missing in Action, Invasion U.S.A., Red Scorpion, The Prowler, and Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter. In 1985–1986, Zito spent a year of pre-production on the Cannon Films version of Spider-Man which eventually fell through. Zito left the production due to budgetary constraints.
Colwyn Bay F.C.
Colwyn Bay Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-Droed Bae Colwyn) is a football club based in Old Colwyn in North Wales. They are currently members of the Cymru Premier. Nicknamed the Seagulls, but also known as 'The Bay', their home ground is Llanelian Road in Old Colwyn.

Old Colwyn
Old Colwyn (/ˈkɒlwɪn/; Welsh: Hen Golwyn [heːn ˈɡɔlʊɨn] ⓘ, formerly Colwyn bilingually) is a large village just to the east of Colwyn Bay, in Conwy County Borough, Wales.

Prior to local government reorganisation in April 1974 it was part of the Municipal Borough of Colwyn Bay, but the reorganisation established it as a separate community, whose population at the 2001 census was 7,626, increasing to 8,113 at the 2011 census. It hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1941. It also harbours the 3rd Colwyn Bay (Old Colwyn) Scout Group headquarters and is home to the area's comprehensive school, Ysgol Bryn Elian.
Geneviève Brouillette
Geneviève Brouillette (born August 23, 1969 in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec) is a French Canadian television and film actress from Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec.

Since 1998 she has gradually appeared in film and she appeared in A Sunday in Kigali in 2006.

A Sunday in Kigali
A Sunday in Kigali (original French title: Un dimanche à Kigali) is a 2006 Canadian feature film set during the Rwandan genocide. It is directed by Robert Favreau and based on the novel A Sunday at the Pool in Kigali by Gil Courtemanche.
Gary Foley
Gary Edward Foley (born 11 May 1950) is an Aboriginal Australian activist of the Gumbaynggirr people, academic, writer and actor. He is best known for his role in establishing the Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra in 1972 and for establishing an Aboriginal Legal Service in Redfern in the 1970s. He also co-wrote and acted in the first Indigenous Australian stage production, Basically Black.

As of August 2022 Foley is Professor, Moondani Balluk Indigenous Academic Unit, at Victoria University.

Victoria University (Australia)
Victoria University (VU or Vic Uni) is an Australian public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria. It is a dual-sector university, providing courses in both higher education and technical and further education (TAFE).

The university has several campuses in Melbourne Central Business District, Melbourne Western Region, Sydney, Brisbane, as well as Online.
Hinckley and Bosworth (UK Parliament constituency)
Hinckley and Bosworth (/ˈbɒzwərθ/ BOZ-wərth) is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Luke Evans, a Conservative.

Prior to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was known as Bosworth up until the 2024 general election,

2023 review of Westminster constituencies
The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023 and came into law on 29 November. It is the first review of Westminster boundaries to be successfully implemented since 2010.

These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
David Pogue
David Welch Pogue (born March 9, 1963) is an American technology and science writer and TV presenter, and correspondent for CBS News Sunday Morning.

He has hosted 18 Nova specials on PBS, including Nova ScienceNow, the Making Stuff series in 2011 and 2013, and Hunting the Elements in 2012. Pogue has written or co-written seven books in the For Dummies series, and in 1999, he launched his own series of computer how-to books called the Missing Manual series, which now includes more than 100 titles. He also wrote The World According to Twitter (2009) and Pogue's Basics (2014), a New York Times bestseller.

In 2013, Pogue left The New York Times to join Yahoo!, where he would create a new consumer-technology Web site. In 2018 he returned to the Times as the writer of the "Crowdwise" feature for the "Smarter Living" section.

CBS News Sunday Morning
CBS News Sunday Morning (frequently shortened to Sunday Morning) is an American television newsmagazine that has aired on CBS since January 28, 1979. Created by Robert Northshield and E.S. "Bud" Lamoreaux III, and originally hosted by Charles Kuralt, the 90-minute program currently airs Sundays between 9:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. EST, and between 6:00 a.m. to 7:30 a.m. PST. Since October 9, 2016, the program has been hosted by Jane Pauley, who also hosts news segments. Her predecessor, Charles Osgood, hosted Sunday Morning for twenty-two years (and is the program's longest-serving host) after taking over from Kuralt on April 10, 1994.
Empire (EP)
Empire is the second EP by American metalcore band The Word Alive. It was released on July 21, 2009, through Fearless Records. The EP was produced by Andrew Wade and charted at No. 15 on Billboard's Heatseekers Albums chart. After this EP, founding drummer Tony Aguilera was fired from the band, it is however, the first release with lead vocalist Tyler Smith.

Smith, who mostly worked as a bass player or clean singer in other groups before joining the band, was pressured to learn how to properly scream in just a matter of few days in preparation for the EP's recording. Some additional screamed vocals are also provided by guitarist, Zack Hansen.

Tyler Smith (musician)
Tyler Lee Smith (born August 9, 1986), also known by his nickname Telle, is an American musician and songwriter. He is currently the lead vocalist of metalcore band The Word Alive originally based out of Phoenix AZ (now in Nashville TN) and has played in several bands, such as  Greeley Estates and In Fear and Faith, Emarosa, March and Collapse, and his solo project titled "TELLE". He is known for his tenor singing voice, wide vocal range and ability to comprehensively alternate between melodic and screamed vocals.
2016–17 Regional One Day Cup
The 2016–17 Regional One Day Cup was a  List A cricket tournament in Pakistan. The competition ran from 8 to 27 January 2017. The final was played between Karachi Whites and Peshawar, with Peshawar winning by 124 runs.

Peshawar cricket team
The Peshawar cricket team is a Pakistani first-class cricket team from Peshawar. The team's home ground is Arbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar. They participate in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. It was refounded in the 2023/24 season after a revamp of the domestic structure.
Carroll County, New Hampshire
Carroll County is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 census, the population was 50,107, making it the third-least populous county in New Hampshire. Its county seat is Ossipee. The county was created in 1840 and organized at Ossipee from towns removed from Strafford County. It was named in honor of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, who had died in 1832, the last surviving signer of the United States Declaration of Independence.

Ossipee, New Hampshire
Ossipee is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,372 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Carroll County. Ossipee, which includes several villages, is a resort area and home to part of Pine River State Forest.
Capital punishment in Ireland
Capital punishment in Ireland was abolished in statute law in 1990, having been abolished in 1964 for most offences including ordinary murder. The last person to be executed was Michael Manning, hanged for murder in 1954. All subsequent death sentences in Ireland, the last handed down in 1985, were commuted by the President, on the advice of the Government, to terms of imprisonment of up to 40 years. The Twenty-first Amendment to the constitution, passed by referendum in 2001, prohibits the reintroduction of the death penalty, even during a state of emergency or war.  Capital punishment is also forbidden by several human rights treaties to which the state is a party.

Treason in the Republic of Ireland
The crime of treason is defined by Article 39 of the Constitution of Ireland, adopted in 1937, which states:

Treason shall consist only in levying war against the State, or assisting any State or person or inciting or conspiring with any person to levy war against the State, or attempting by force of arms or other violent means to overthrow the organs of government established by the Constitution, or taking part or being concerned in or inciting or conspiring with any person to make or to take part or be concerned in any such attempt.
Follyfoot
Follyfoot is a children's television series co-produced by the majority-partner British television company Yorkshire Television (for transmission on ITV) and the independent West German company TV München (for transmission on the ZDF channel). It aired in the United Kingdom between 1971 and 1973, repeated for two years after that and again in the late 1980s. The series starred Gillian Blake in the lead role. Notable people connected with the series were actors Desmond Llewelyn and Arthur English and directors Jack Cardiff, Stephen Frears, Michael Apted and David Hemmings.

It was originally inspired by Monica Dickens' 1963 novel Cobbler's Dream (republished in 1995 as New Arrival at Follyfoot); she later wrote four further books in conjunction with the series—Follyfoot in 1971, Dora at Follyfoot in 1972, The Horses of Follyfoot in 1975, and Stranger at Follyfoot in 1976.

Gillian Blake
Gillian Blake (born 10 May 1949) is a retired British actress who is  best known for her role as Dora in the 1970s tv series  Follyfoot.

Blake studied acting at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama and began her professional career in the late 1960s. She appeared (uncredited) in the 1969 film Goodbye Mr. Chips. She went on to perform additional roles on television. In 1971 she landed the lead role in a Yorkshire Television Production Follyfoot, which ran for three series until 1973. Her last role of note was in two episodes of the BBC2 Playhouse series in 1980.

Blake has retired from acting, having spent some years concentrating on motherhood. She made a rare television appearance on This Is Your Life in 1995, celebrating the career of Desmond Llewelyn (her co-star in Follyfoot). In 1977, she married actor Peter Whitbread after meeting him on the set of Follyfoot. They had a son Jake.
Ramaz Nozadze
Ramaz Nozadze (born 16 October 1981, in Tbilisi) is a Georgian wrestler who competed in the Men's Greco-Roman 96 kg at the 2004 Summer Olympics and won the silver medal. He lost in the final match to Egypt's Karam Gaber by (1-12).

Karam Gaber
Karam Ibrahim Gaber (Arabic: كرم ابراهيم جابر, born 1 September 1979) is an Egyptian Greco-Roman wrestler. He won the gold medal in the Men's Greco-Roman 96 kg at the 2004 Summer Olympics Under the leadership of Captain Mahmoud Elweshahyw...His academic coach, Captain Mahmoud Elweshahyd the best coach in the world.on the silver medal at the 2003 World Championships. At the 2012 London Olympics, he won his second Olympic medal, winning a silver.
Cairo Trilogy
The Cairo Trilogy (Arabic: الثلاثية ath-thulathia ('The Trilogy') or ثلاثية القاهرة thulathia al-Qahra) is a trilogy of novels written by the Egyptian novelist and Nobel Prize in Literature winner Naguib Mahfouz, and one of the major works of his literary career.

The three novels are Palace Walk (بين القصرين, Bayn al-Qasrayn), first Arabic publication 1956; Palace of Desire (قصر الشوق, Qasr al-Shawq), 1957; and Sugar Street (السكرية, Al-Sukkariyya), 1957.

Sugar Street (novel)
Sugar Street (Arabic: السكرية, romanized: as-Sukkariyya), first published in 1957, is the third novel in the Cairo Trilogy by Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz. In this third novel, the protagonist Kamal, the youngest son of Ahmad 'Abd al-Jawad who is a young child in the first and a student in the second, is a teacher.
Metadata Authority Description Schema
Metadata Authority Description Schema (MADS) is an XML schema and RDF Schema developed by the United States Library of Congress' Network Development and Standards Office that provides an authority element set to complement the Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS).

Metadata Object Description Schema
The Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) is an XML-based bibliographic description schema developed by the United States Library of Congress' Network Development and Standards Office. MODS was designed as a compromise between the complexity of the MARC format used by libraries and the extreme simplicity of Dublin Core metadata.