hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Dircks
Henry Dircks FRSE FCS (26 August 1806– 17 September 1873) was an English engineer who is considered to have been the main designer of the projection technique known as Pepper's ghost in 1858. It is named after John Henry Pepper who implemented a working version of the device in 1862. Dircks also investigated attempts at the invention of a perpetual motion device, writing that those who sought to create such a thing were "half-learned" or "totally ignorant".

Perpetual motion
Perpetual motion is the motion of bodies that continues forever in an unperturbed system. A perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical machine that can do work indefinitely without an external energy source. This kind of machine is impossible, since its existence would violate the first and/or second laws of thermodynamics. These laws of thermodynamics apply regardless of the size of the system. Thus, machines that extract energy from finite sources cannot operate indefinitely because they are driven by the energy stored in the source, which will eventually be exhausted. A common example is devices powered by ocean currents, whose energy is ultimately derived from the Sun, which itself will eventually burn out.
Sulpicia
Sulpicia is believed to be the author, in the first century BCE, of six short poems (some 40 lines in all) written in Latin which were published as part of the corpus of Albius Tibullus's poetry (poems 3.13–18). She is one of the few female poets of ancient Rome whose work survives.

Tibullus
Albius Tibullus (c. 55 BC – c. 19 BC) was a Latin poet and writer of elegies. His first and second books of poetry are extant; many other texts attributed to him are of questionable origins.

Little is known about the life of Tibullus. There are only a few references to him by later writers and a short Life of doubtful authority. Neither his praenomen nor his birthplace is known, and his gentile name has been questioned. His status was probably that of a Roman eques (so the Life affirms), and he had inherited a considerable estate. Like Virgil and Propertius, he seems to have lost most of it in 41 BC in the confiscations of Mark Antony and Octavian.
2025 Jordanian First Division League
The 2025 Jordanian First Division League (Arabic: الدوري الدرجة الأولى الأردني 2025) began on 15 September 2025 and concluded on 18 December 2025.

The league featured 14 teams, down from 17 last season. 9 from the previous campaign (including the administratively promoted Jerash), four new teams relegated from the 2024–25 Pro League: Al-Sareeh, Shabab Al-Aqaba, Ma'an and Moghayer Al-Sarhan, as well as one team administratively promoted from the abandoned 2024 Second Division League: Al-Tura.

On 3 December 2025, Doqarah secured promotion by defeating Ma'an with a 1–0 result. On 10 December 2025, Al-Arabi secured promotion by drawing 0–0 to Ma'an. On 17 December, Al-Arabi were declared as winners of the competition.

Moghayer Al-Sarhan SC
Moghayer Al-Sarhan  (Arabic: نادي مغير السرحان) is a football club based in Badiah Gharbiyah, Mafraq, Jordan. It currently competes in the Jordanian First Division League, the second tier of Jordanian football.
Swallows and Amazons (1974 film)
Swallows and Amazons is a 1974 British film adaption of the 1930 novel of the same name by Arthur Ransome. The film, which was directed by Claude Whatham and produced by Richard Pilbrow, starred Virginia McKenna and Ronald Fraser, with Zanna Hamilton. Its budget was provided by Nat Cohen of EMI Films who had funded the successful 1970 film The Railway Children.

Virginia McKenna
Dame Virginia Anne McKenna (born 7 June 1931) is a British stage and screen actress, author, animal rights activist, and wildlife campaigner. She is best known for the films The Cruel Sea (1953), A Town Like Alice (1956), Carve Her Name with Pride (1958), Born Free (1966), and Ring of Bright Water (1969), as well as her work with the Born Free Foundation.

McKenna won the BAFTA Television Award for Best Actress in 1956. For A Town Like Alice, she won the BAFTA Award for Best British Actress in 1957, and in 1979 won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for The King and I, making her one of the few to have completed the British Triple Crown.
Letterkenny Institute of Technology
The Letterkenny Institute of Technology (LYIT; Irish: Institiúid Teicneolaíochta Leitir Ceanainn) was an institute of technology, located in Letterkenny, Ireland.

Based at Letterkenny in County Donegal, it was one of the smaller places of third level education in the historic province of Ulster, with a lower student intake than other colleges such as Belfast Metropolitan College and the regional colleges of the North West, South, South East and South West, all of which themselves are smaller than the universities in Belfast and Belfast/Coleraine/Derry/Jordanstown.

In April 2022, it was formally dissolved, and its functions became part of Atlantic Technological University.

Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology
The Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT; Irish: Institúid Teicneolaíochta na Gaillimhe-Maigh Eo) was an institute of technology, located in Galway, Ireland. In April 2022, it was formally dissolved, and its functions were transferred to Atlantic Technological University (ATU). Now a constituent institute of ATU, it has facilities in the west of Ireland. GMIT's campuses are located in Galway City, Castlebar, Letterfrack and Mountbellew. GMIT won The Sunday Times Institute of Technology of the Year award in 2004, 2007, 2015 and 2022. GMIT also has a number of specialist research centres and two Innovation Hubs (in Galway and Mayo).
Balseros
Balseros ("rafters", from the Spanish balsa "raft") were boat people who emigrated without formal documentation in self constructed or precarious vessels from Cuba to neighboring states including The Bahamas, Jamaica, the Cayman Islands and, most commonly, the United States since the 1994 Balsero crisis and during the wet feet, dry feet policy.

1994 Cuban rafter crisis
The 1994 Cuban rafter crisis which is also known as the 1994 Cuban raft exodus or the Balsero crisis was the emigration of more than 35,000 Cubans to the United States (via makeshift rafts). The exodus occurred over five weeks following rioting in Cuba; Fidel Castro announced in response that anyone who wished to leave the country could do so without any hindrance. Fearing a major exodus, the Clinton administration would mandate that all rafters captured at sea be detained at the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base.
Pennsylvania Route 664
Pennsylvania Route 664  (PA 664, designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as SR 0664) is a 17.59-mile-long (28.31 km) state highway located in Clinton and Lycoming counties in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 120 in Lock Haven, while the northern terminus is at PA 44 on the Clinton-Lycoming county line in the community of Haneyville. The route passes through small communities, but does not intersect with any other legislated highways in the area.

The route was assigned in 1930, two years after a majority of state routes were assigned, and was gradually paved from 1935 to 1966. There have been no changes in road alignment since its inception.

Pennsylvania Route 44
Pennsylvania Route 44 (PA 44) is a 149.24 mi (240.18 km)-long state highway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The route, which is signed north-south, is designated from Interstate 80 (I-80) and PA 42 in Buckhorn northwest to the New York state line near New York State Route 417 (NY 417) in Ceres Township.

Commissioned in 1927 by the Pennsylvania Department of Highways, PA 44 originally ran from the New York state line to Jersey Shore. Today, the highway is a scenic route from Columbia County to Potter County.
Cornerboys
Cornerboys is the fifth studio album by the Irish folk band Patrick Street, released in 1996 on Green Linnet Records.

It was recorded at Mt Hollywood Studios Vermont, United States, produced by the band and engineered by Rod Ferrell.

The founding members Andy Irvine, Kevin Burke, Jackie Daly were joined by Ged Foley (guitar and Northumbrian pipes), who replaced Arty McGlynn.

Kevin Burke (musician)
Kevin Burke (born 1950) is an Irish master fiddler considered one of the finest living Irish fiddlers. For nearly five decades he has been at the forefront of Irish traditional music and Celtic music, performing and recording with the  groups The Bothy Band, Patrick Street, and the Celtic Fiddle Festival. He is a 2002 recipient of a National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts. He is also regarded as a fiddle-singing pioneer.

In addition to his solo albums, Burke has had successful project collaborations with Christy Moore, Andy Irvine & Paul Brady, Mícheál Ó Domhnaill, Jackie Daly, Ged Foley and Cal Scott.
Neil Bartram
Neil Bartram is a musical theatre composer/lyricist based in New York. Bartram is the composer and lyricist of Disney's Bedknobs and Broomsticks, The Theory of Relativity and Broadway's The Story of My Life with book writer Brian Hill.

Awards include a Jeff Award nomination for his score for Shakespeare in Love at Chicago Shakespeare Theater, the ASCAP Foundation’s Yellen Award, a Jonathan Larson Foundation Award, a Dramatists Guild Fellowship and a Dora Award.

Music Theatre International licenses The Story of My Life and The Theory of Relativity. Concord Theatricals licenses The Adventures of Pinocchio. The Story of My Life and The Theory of Relativity cast albums were produced by PS Classics.

Bartram is a Dramatists Guild member, ASCAP member, and an alumnus of the BMI Lehman Engel Music Theatre Workshop. His work is published by Warner/Chappell Music.

The Theory of Relativity (musical)
The Theory of Relativity is a musical with music and lyrics by Neil Bartram, and a book by Brian Hill. The show explores how young adults deal with their personal feelings and situations and how they develop communities based on their shared experiences.
Bill Flores
William Hose Flores Sr. (/ˈflɔːrɛz/; born February 25, 1954) is an American businessman, the vice chair of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), as well as the interim Chair of ERCOT.

From 2011 to 2021, he was the U.S. representative for Texas's 17th congressional district. Flores chose not to seek re-election in 2020 after five terms in office. He was succeeded by Pete Sessions, the former U.S. representative for Texas's 32nd congressional district. Flores is a member of the Republican Party and the former chief executive officer of Phoenix Exploration Company, an oil and natural gas company.

Pete Sessions
Peter Anderson Sessions (born March 22, 1955) is an American politician who serves in the United States House of Representatives for Texas's 17th congressional district as a member of the Republican Party. He chaired the House Rules Committee from 2013 to 2019 and is a former chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee.

Sessions previously served in Congress from 1997 to 2019, representing districts based in Dallas. He was defeated for reelection by Democrat Colin Allred in 2018. On October 3, 2019, Sessions announced that he was running for Congress again in 2020. He was elected to the 17th district, based in Waco, on November 3, 2020.
Edward H. Plumb
Edward Holcomb Plumb (June 6, 1907– April 18, 1958) was an American film composer and orchestrator best known for his work at Walt Disney Studios. He served as musical director of Fantasia and orchestrated and co-composed the score for Bambi, and orchestrated and expanded the film's main composer Frank Churchill's menacing but simple three-note Man theme.

Frank Churchill
Frank Edwin Churchill (October 20, 1901 – May 14, 1942) was an American film composer and songwriter. He wrote music for many classic films produced by Walt Disney, including Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Dumbo and Bambi.
WVBT
WVBT (channel 43) is a television station licensed to Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States, affiliated with Fox and The CW. Owned by Nexstar Media Group, WVBT is sister to NBC affiliate WAVY-TV (channel 10) and the two stations share studios on Wavy Street in downtown Portsmouth. WVBT's transmitter is located near Driver in Suffolk.

Though the construction permit was awarded in 1985, WVBT began broadcasting in December 1992, initially with home shopping programming. In January 1995, it affiliated with The WB, converted to a general-entertainment schedule, and came under the operational control of WAVY-TV under a local marketing agreement. Later that year, it secured affiliation with Fox, effective August 31, 1998. On that date, the station began airing a 10 p.m. local newscast produced by WAVY-TV. Nexstar acquired WAVY and WVBT in 2017 as part of its purchase of Media General.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
Cyrinda Foxe
Cyrinda Foxe (born Kathleen Victoria Hetzekian; February 22, 1952 – September 7, 2002) was an American actress, model, and publicist. Foxe is best known for being a Warhol superstar, appearing in the play Andy Warhol's Pork (1971) and the film Andy Warhol's Bad (1977). She was also the inspiration for the song "The Jean Genie" by glam rock musician David Bowie. Foxe was married to David Johansen of the proto-punk band New York Dolls and Steven Tyler of the hard rock band Aerosmith. Her daughter is model and actress Mia Tyler.

David Johansen
David Roger Johansen (January 9, 1950 – February 28, 2025) was an American singer, songwriter, and actor best known as lead singer of the seminal proto-punk band the New York Dolls. He is also known for his work under the pseudonym Buster Poindexter and for playing the Ghost of Christmas Past in  Scrooged (1988).
Interstate 165 (Alabama)
Interstate 165 (I-165) is a spur from I-65 that provides access to Mobile, Alabama. It travels for approximately 5.07 miles (8.16 km) from Water Street in downtown Mobile north to I-65 in Prichard. As it is, I-165 terminates into Water Street, which itself terminates into an I-10 onramp less than two miles (3.2 km) further. The route is elevated for its entire length.

Prichard, Alabama
Prichard is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population was 19,322 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 18,816 in 2023. Prichard borders the north side of Mobile, as well as the Mobile suburbs of Chickasaw, Saraland, and the unincorporated sections of Eight Mile.
Return of the Killer Tomatoes
Return of the Killer Tomatoes! is a 1988 American parody film directed by John De Bello. The first sequel to the 1978 film Attack of the Killer Tomatoes, the film stars Anthony Starke, Karen Mistal, and John Astin, as well as George Clooney in an early role. Like its predecessor, Return of the Killer Tomatoes was largely panned by critics. It has been described as a cult film.

Anthony Starke
Anthony Starke is an American actor. He may be best known for his one-episode role in Seinfeld, playing the third-person-speaking character Jimmy in the 1995 episode "The Jimmy", as well as his main cast role as Jack on The George Carlin Show (1994–1995).
2S5 Giatsint-S
The 2S5 Giatsint-S (Russian: 2С5 «Гиацинт-С», lit. 'hyacinth') is a Soviet 152 mm self-propelled gun. "2S5" is its GRAU designation. It has nuclear, biological, and chemical protection. The 2S5 is capable of engaging targets at longer ranges and at a higher rate of fire than the more widely produced 2S3 Akatsiya 152 mm self-propelled gun, and is capable of firing nuclear projectiles.

2S3 Akatsiya
The SO-152 (Russian: СО-152), usually known by its GRAU designation 2S3 (Russian: 2С3), is a Soviet 152.4 mm self-propelled gun developed in 1968, as a response to the American 155 mm M109 howitzer. Development began in 1967, according to the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union from July 4, 1967. In 1968, the SO-152 was completed and in 1971 entered service. The fighting vehicle also received the added designation Akatsiya (Акация), which is Russian for Acacia.
Ou Yushan
Ou Yushan (simplified Chinese: 欧钰珊; traditional Chinese: 歐鈺珊, born January 13, 2004, in Guangxi, China) is a Chinese artistic gymnast. She is the 2021 Summer World University Games all-around champion, balance beam champion, floor exercise champion, and team champion as part of the Chinese women's team. Ou is also the 2019 Junior World all-around bronze medalist and team and floor exercise silver medalist. She represented China at the 2020 Summer Olympics and was selected to participate in the 2024 Summer Olympics, joining the exclusive list of Chinese women's artistic gymnasts who have competed in two Olympic Games.

Zhang Jin (gymnast)
Zhang Jin (Chinese: 章瑾; pinyin: Zhāng Jǐn; born 25 November 2000) is a former Chinese artistic gymnast. She is a 2018 World bronze medalist and 2018 Asian Games champion in the team event. She is also the 2018 Asian Games bronze medalist on the balance beam and the 2018 Stuttgart World Cup all-around champion. She represented China at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Kounotori (train)
The Kounotori (こうのとり, Kōnotori) is a limited express train service operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West) between Shin-Ōsaka and Kinosaki Onsen in Japan since 12 March 2011. It replaced the previous Kitakinki services.

The name means "stork", and was chosen because the stork is the prefectural bird of Hyōgo, and the city of Toyooka in particular has close involvement with stork breeding programmes.

Kitakinki
The Kitakinki (北近畿) was a limited express train service operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) in Japan from 1986 until March 2011, which ran from Shin-Osaka to Kinosaki Onsen in Hyōgo Prefecture.
Sava, Apulia
Sava is a town and comune in the province of Taranto, Apulia, southeast Italy. With its 19000 inhabitants, is one of the biggest town in the province.

It is a center of production of olive oil and of the wine Primitivo.

The nearby comuni are Maruggio, Torricella, Lizzano, Fragagnano, San Marzano di San Giuseppe, Francavilla Fontana and Manduria.

The main monuments of the city are the Mother Church, the Palazzo Baronale, the Mater Domini's Church, the Monastery's Church, the San Cosimo's Church and San Luigi's Church.

Francavilla Fontana
Francavilla Fontana (Francavillese: Francaìdda Sicilian pronunciation: [fɾaŋkaˈiɖɖa]) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Brindisi, in the region of Apulia, southern Italy. It is also known as the "Town of the Imperiali" (Città degli Imperiali), referring to the Imperiali family, a noble lineage of feudal lords who ruled the area from the late 16th century until the 18th century.

As of 2017, Francavilla Fontana had a population of 36,358, making it the third most populous municipality in the province, after Brindisi and Fasano.
Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest
The Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest in northern Georgia comprises two United States National Forests, the Oconee National Forest in eastern Georgia and the Chattahoochee National Forest located in the North Georgia Mountains.  The Chattahoochee National Forest is composed of an eastern and western forest. The western forest contains Johns Mountain, Little Sand Mountain, and Taylor Ridge. The combined total area of the Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest is 867,265 acres (3,510 km2), of which the Chattahoochee National Forest comprises 751,069 acres (3,039 km2) and the Oconee National Forest comprises 116,196 acres (470 km2).  The county with the largest portion of the eastern forest is Rabun County, Georgia, which has 148,684 acres (601.7 km2) within its boundaries.

Cherokee National Forest
The Cherokee National Forest is a United States National Forest located in the U.S. states of Tennessee and North Carolina that was created on June 14, 1920. The forest is maintained and managed by the United States Forest Service. It encompasses an estimated area of 655,598 acres (2,653.11 km2).
Thomas Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard
Thomas Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard (c. 1564 – 15 January 1618) was a Staffordshire and Lancashire landowner and politician, a member of six English parliaments for three different constituencies. Although a prominent member of the Essex faction in the reign of Elizabeth I, he avoided involvement in the Essex Rebellion and received greater honours, including a peerage, in the reign of James I.

Edward Littleton (died 1610)
Sir Edward Littleton (ca. 1555 – 1610) was a Staffordshire landowner, politician and rebel from the extended Littleton/Lyttelton family. A supporter of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, he was the victim of a notorious electoral fraud in 1597 and a participant in the Essex Rebellion, although he escaped with his life. In the reign of James I he was elected a member of the parliament of England.
Live in San Francisco (Marilyn Crispell album)
Live in San Francisco is a live solo piano album by Marilyn Crispell. It was recorded at New Langton Arts in San Francisco, California in October 1989, and was released in 1990 by Music & Arts.

A pair of tracks labeled "samples of two other Music & Arts CDs in which Marilyn Crispell appears as a performer" follow the solo piano recordings on the disc. Anthony Braxton's "Composition 136" previously appeared on the album Duets Vancouver 1989, and was recorded on June 30, 1989, at the Vancouver International Jazz Festival. "Wha's Nine?", by Reggie Workman, previously appeared on the album Images: The Reggie Workman Ensemble, and was recorded on July 8, 1989, at The Knitting Factory in New York City.

Reggie Workman
Reginald "Reggie" Workman (born June 26, 1937) is an American avant-garde jazz and hard bop double bassist, recognized for his work with both John Coltrane and Art Blakey, in addition to Alice Coltrane, Mal Waldron, Max Roach, Archie Shepp, Trio Three (with Oliver Lake and Andrew Cyrille), Trio Transition, the Reggie Workman Ensemble, and collaborative projects with dance, poetry and drama.
Moshoeshoe I
Moshoeshoe I (/mʊˈʃwɛʃwɛ/) (c. 1786 – 11 March 1870) was the first king of Lesotho. He was the first son of Mokhachane, a minor chief of the Bamokoteli lineage, a branch of the Bakoena (crocodile) clan. In his youth, he helped his father gain power over some other smaller clans. In 1820, at the age of 34, Moshoeshoe succeeded his father as the Bamokoteli chief and formed his own clan. He and his followers settled at the Butha-Buthe Mountain. He became the first and ultimately longest-serving King of Lesotho in 1822.

Letsie I Moshoeshoe of Lesotho
Letsie I (born Mohato; c. 1811 – 20 November 1891) was the paramount chief (morena e moholo) of the Basotho (modern Lesotho) from 11 March 1870 until his death. His reign bridged the late protectorate period, annexation to the Cape Colony (1871), the Basuto Gun War (1880–1881), and the restoration of direct British rule as the Crown colony of Basutoland in 1884.