hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antilinear map
In mathematics, a function  between two complex vector spaces is said to be antilinear or conjugate-linear if 

hold for all vectors  and every complex number  where  denotes the complex conjugate of

Antilinear maps stand in contrast to linear maps, which are additive maps that are homogeneous rather than conjugate homogeneous. If the vector spaces are real then antilinearity is the same as linearity.

Antilinear maps occur in quantum mechanics in the study of time reversal and in spinor calculus, where it is customary to replace the bars over the basis vectors and the components of geometric objects by dots put above the indices. Scalar-valued antilinear maps often arise when dealing with complex inner products and Hilbert spaces.

Complex conjugate
In mathematics, the complex conjugate of a complex number is the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. That is, if  and  are real numbers, then the complex conjugate of  is    The complex conjugate of  is often denoted as  or .

In polar form, if  and  are real numbers then the conjugate of  is  This can be shown using Euler's formula.

The product of a complex number and its conjugate is a real number:  (or  in polar coordinates).

If a root of a univariate polynomial with real coefficients is complex, then its complex conjugate is also a root.
WTEM
WTEM (980 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to serve Washington, D.C. Owned by Audacy, Inc., the station services the Washington–Baltimore metropolitan area with a sports radio format. WTEM is the co-flagship station of the Maryland Terrapins (shared with Audacy-owned WJZ-FM in Baltimore), and is the Washington affiliate of Fox Sports Radio.

WQOF
WQOF (1260 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Washington, D.C., and serving the Washington metro area with a Catholic radio format. Owned and operated by Relevant Radio, WQOF's transmitter is located in Silver Spring, Maryland.
Avon Park, Florida
Avon Park is a city in Highlands County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,658, up from 8,836 at the 2010 census but down from the 2018 estimated population of 10,695. It is part of the Sebring, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the oldest city in Highlands County, and was named after Stratford-upon-Avon, England.

Highlands County, Florida
Highlands County is a county located in the Florida Heartland region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,235. Its county seat is Sebring. Highlands County comprises the Sebring, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The SMA was first defined in 2003 as the Sebring, Florida Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), consisting of Highlands County. The status of the area was changed to a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in 2013. The MSA was renamed the Sebring-Avon Park, Florida MSA in 2018. The name reverted to Sebring, Florida MSA in 2023.
Petticoat breeches
Petticoat breeches were voluminously wide, pleated pants, reminiscent of a skirt, worn by men in Western Europe during the 1650s and early 1660s. The very full loose breeches were usually decorated with loops of ribbons on the waist and around the knee.  They were so loose and wide that they became known as petticoat breeches.  They give very much the impression of very baggy loose shorts since they are not gathered at the knee.

They replaced Spanish breeches during the 1650s as the most popular leg wear of most of Western Europe.  By the early 1660s, if they were gathered at the bottom they were called rhinegraves.

Gerard Jansz Meerman wearing petticoat breeches, 1668

Portrait of a Boy, by Jan van Noordt, 1665

Portrait of Count Girolamo Secco Suardo, by Fra' Galgario, 1721

Rhinegraves
Rhinegraves are a form of breeches which were popular from the early 1660s until the mid-1670s and early 1680 in Western Europe. They were very full petticoat breeches gathered at or above the knee. They were worn under petticoat breeches or under an overskirt which was decorated with ribbon loops around the waist and around the knee. Where the knee was gathered, a large frill of lace and stocking tops added further decoration.

Man in Black, by Gerard ter Borch, c. 1673

Boy servant wearing close-fitting breeches and petticoat breeches over them, 1657

During the 1670s as the longer coat and long waistcoat became popular, these very full breeches became less full and by the late 1670s and early 1680s they were replaced by more tight fitting breeches with the stockings worn over them.
Pea Fröhlich
Pea Fröhlich (1943 – 2022) was a German screenwriter and psychologist, best known for co-writing all three films of the BRD Trilogy: The Marriage of Maria Braun, Veronika Voss and Lola. She also wrote for Bloch.

The Marriage of Maria Braun
The Marriage of Maria Braun (German: Die Ehe der Maria Braun) is a 1979 West German drama film directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder. The film stars Hanna Schygulla as Maria, who marries German soldier Hermann Braun during World War II. The couple spend over a decade apart due to forces largely beyond Maria's control. To survive in postwar Germany, Maria becomes a sex worker, a wealthy industrialist's mistress, and eventually a ruthless capitalist during the German economic miracle, while still asserting her loyalty to Hermann.

The Marriage of Maria Braun was one of Fassbinder's more successful works and shaped the image of the New German Cinema. It has also been acclaimed by many critics as one of Fassbinder's most profound films. It is the first installment of his BRD Trilogy, followed by Lola (1981) and Veronika Voss (1982).
The Italian (1915 film)
The Italian is a 1915 American silent film feature which tells the story of an Italian gondolier who comes to the United States to make his fortune but instead winds up working as a shoeshiner and experiencing tragedy while living with his wife and child in a tenement on New York's Lower East Side. The film was produced by Thomas H. Ince, directed by Reginald Barker, and co-written by C. Gardner Sullivan and Ince. The film stars stage actor George Beban in the title role as the Italian immigrant, Pietro "Beppo" Donnetti. In 1991, this film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.

George Beban
George Beban (December 13, 1873 – October 5, 1928) was an American actor, director, writer and producer.  Beban began as a child performer in San Francisco, California, and became a well-known vaudevillian and stage actor in the 1890s and 1900s.  He was best known for his portrayal of Italian immigrant characters, including his starring roles in the play The Sign of the Rose and the 1915 silent film classic The Italian.  Though strongly associated with his Italian immigrant roles, Beban was born in San Francisco, could not speak a word of Italian [not likely: in Dalmatia Italian was largely spoken, his father's name - Rocco - is in fact Italian, and Telegraph Hill was an Italian area of San Francisco], and was the son of parents from Dalmatia (in modern-day Croatia) and Ireland.
California's 6th congressional district
California's 6th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California. It is represented by Democrat Ami Bera.

Currently, the 6th district is entirely in Sacramento County and includes the north side of the city of Sacramento and its suburbs of Rosemont, Rancho Cordova, Citrus Heights, Rio Linda, Elverta, Arden-Arcade, Antelope, Foothill Farms, North Highlands, and most of Fair Oaks.

Prior to redistricting by the California Citizens Redistricting Commission of 2021, the district included the entire city of Sacramento and some of its suburbs. The district was represented by Democrat Doris Matsui.

Rio Linda, California
Rio Linda (Spanish: Río Linda, meaning "Pretty River") is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sacramento County, California, United States. It is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the CDP population was 15,944, up from 15,106 at the time of the 2010 census.
Justin Kurzel
Justin Dallas Kurzel (/kɜːrˈzɛl/; born c. 1974) is an Australian film director. His films include Snowtown (2011), Macbeth (2015), Assassin's Creed (2016), True History of the Kelly Gang (2018), Nitram (2021) and The Order (2024).

True History of the Kelly Gang (film)
True History of the Kelly Gang is a 2019 bushranger film directed by Justin Kurzel, written by Shaun Grant, and based upon the 2000 novel of the same name by Peter Carey. A fictionalised account of the life of bushranger and outlaw Ned Kelly, the film stars George MacKay, Essie Davis, Nicholas Hoult, Charlie Hunnam, and Russell Crowe.

It had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on 11 September 2019. It was released in Australia on Australia Day 2020, by Transmission Films and Stan, in the United Kingdom on 28 February 2020, by Picturehouse Entertainment, and in the United States on 24 April 2020, by IFC Films.
Butrus al-Bustani
Butrus al-Bustani (Arabic: بُطرُس الْبُسْتَانِيّ, ALA-LC: Buṭrus al-Bustānī; 1819–1883) was a Lebanese writer and scholar. He was a major figure in the Nahda, the Arab renaissance which began in Ottoman Egypt and had spread to all Arab-populated regions of the Ottoman Empire by the end of the 19th century.

He is considered to have been the first Syrian nationalist, due to his publication of Nafir Suriyya which began following the 1860 Mount Lebanon civil war. He founded the secular Arabic-language al-madrasa al-wataniyya (the National School) in 1863 in Beirut. In 1870, he founded Al-Jinan, the first important example of the kind of literary and scientific periodicals which began to appear in the 1870s in Arabic alongside the independent political newspapers.

Al-Jinan (magazine)
Al-Jinan (Arabic: الجنان, romanized: al-Jinān, lit. 'The Gardens') was an Arabic-language political and literary biweekly magazine established in Beirut by Butrus al-Bustani and active between 1870 and 1886. Its first issue appeared in January 1870. Written largely by Butrus' son Salim, who became its editor-in-chief in 1871, the magazine finally ceased to appear because of the growing difficulties of writing freely in the Ottoman Empire under the rule of Sultan Abdülhamid.
Bonconte da Montefeltro (died 1289)
Bonconte da Montefeltro (died 11 June 1289) was an Italian Ghibelline general.  He led Ghibelline forces in several engagements until his battlefield death. Dante Alighieri featured Montefeltro as a character in the Divine Comedy.

Giovanna da Montefeltro
Giovanna da Montefeltro was a thirteenth-century Italian noblewoman and the wife of Bonconte da Montefeltro. She is referenced by Dante Alighieri in his Divine Comedy for not remembering her late husband in her prayers.
Madame Laferrière
Madame Laferrière (19th-century) was a French fashion designer milliner. She belonged to the elite of the French fashion industry during the Second Empire.

She was one of the favorite designers of the empress of France, Eugénie de Montijo. The empress, who was a major fashion icon of the time, had favorite designers who attended different parts of her wardrobe. 
In the 1860s, the evening gowns of the empress was designed by Charles Frederick Worth, the morning dresses was made by Madame Laferrière, and the outerwear by Mademoiselle Félicie; Félix Escalier was the hairdresser of the empress, while her the task to design her hats was shared between Madame Virot and Madame Lebel.

The fashions of the empress were copied all over the world, and benefitted the careers of her favorite designers, all of whom belonged to the elite designers of the French fashion industry at the time.

Mademoiselle Félicie
Mademoiselle Félicie (19th-century) was a French fashion designer milliner. She belonged to the elite of the French fashion industry during the Second Empire.

She was one of the favorite designers of the empress of France, Eugénie de Montijo. The empress, who was a major fashion icon of the time, had favorite designers who attended different parts of her wardrobe. 
In the 1860s, the evening gowns of the empress was designed by Charles Frederick Worth, the morning dresses was made by Madame Laferrière, and the outerwear by Mademoiselle Félicie; Félix Escalier was the hairdresser of the empress, while her the task to design her hats was shared between Madame Virot and Madame Lebel.

The fashions of the empress were copied all over the world, and benefitted the careers of her favorite designers, all of whom belonged to the elite designers of the French fashion industry at the time.
Samukhong (Khamba Thoibi)
Samukhong (ꯁꯃꯨ ꯈꯣꯡ), also spelled Shamukhong, Samu Khongyetpa, or Shamu Khongyetpa (ꯁꯥꯃꯨ ꯈꯣꯡꯌꯦꯠꯄ), is an event described in the Khamba Thoibi classical epic of the Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore. It occurs as a consequence of the Ukai Kappa and Heijing incidents, when the crown prince Chingkhu Akhuba, and his ally, Angom Nongban Kongyamba, plotted assassination attempt against Khuman Khamba, using the royal elephant.

Pheiroijamba
Pheiroijamba (ꯐꯩꯔꯣꯏꯖꯥꯝꯕ, also spelled Feiroijamba) is a figure from the traditional Moirang Kangleirol stories of the ancient Moirang kingdom. He is the son of Chaoba Nongthon, a Moirang official and guardian of the orphaned children of the warrior Puremba. Pheiroijamba is the husband of Khamnu, the elder sister of Khamba, making him brother-in-law of Khamba and son-in-law of Puremba and Ngangkha Leima.

Pheiroijamba was a son-in-law of King Chingkhu Telheiba of Moirang, as his wife Khamnu was biologically the king's daughter but was raised by Puremba, just like her younger brother Khamba, who also became a son-in-law of the Moirang royal family by marrying Princess Thoibi, the daughter of the king's younger brother, Chingkhu Akhuba.
Government Bangla College
Government Bangla College (Bengali: সরকারি বাঙলা কলেজ) (also known as Bangla College, or abbreviated as GBC) is a public college located in the northwestern part of the Bangladesh capital Dhaka. The college was established in 1962 by Principal Abul Kashem to promote Bangla as a medium of instruction in higher education and to establish the language in all spheres of national life. It was affiliated with the University of Dhaka from February 2017 to January 2025. According to Banbeis data for 2024, a total of 13,176 students are studying here.

Abul Kashem
Mohammad Abul Kashem (known as Principal Abul Kashem, 28 June 1920 – 11 March 1991) is generally considered as a pioneer and the architect of the historic Language Movement of Bangladesh. He was also a politician, author and an eminent educationist. He founded the Islamic-oriented Bengali cultural organisation Tamaddun Majlish.
Titus Pankey
Titus Pankey (November 20, 1925 – September 20, 2003) was an American physicist and professor whose research specialties were magnetic susceptibility and cosmology, especially supernovae. He was the first recipient of a PhD in physics from Howard University, and was one of the first 10 black recipients of a PhD in physics in the United States. He has been cited as the first to suggest that Type Ia supernovae are powered by nickel-56 decay.

Arthur Thorpe (physicist)
Arthur Nathaniel "Pete" Thorpe (26 April 1933 – 30 June 2015) was a physicist and professor at Howard University in Washington, D.C. He was the second student to receive a PhD in physics from Howard, and helped to establish a cooperative degree program between Howard University and other historically Black colleges and universities to increase access to physics education. Throughout his career, his research centered around condensed matter; solid state physics; the evaluation of superconducting materials for space application; and enhancing high-temperature superconductors.
Tom Shankland
Thomas Otto Shankland (born 7 May 1968) is an English film and television director and screenwriter. He is known for directing the horror films WΔZ (2007) and The Children (2008), and television series such as The Fades (2011), Ripper Street (2012), and The Missing (2014); for the latter, he was nominated for the 2015 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Dramatic Special. He has also been nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Short Film twice, for Bait (1999) and Going Down (2000).

The Children (2008 film)
The Children is a 2008 British horror thriller film directed by Tom Shankland, based on a story by Paul Andrew Williams and starring Eva Birthistle and Hannah Tointon. The story centres around a virus that turns all children into blood-thirsty monsters during a winter holiday. The film premiered on 5 December 2008 and received positive reviews from critics. It was given a release in the United States by Lionsgate and Ghost House Underground.
I Want Home
"I Want Home" is a song by the Bee Gees, written by Barry Gibb and released as a single in Australia in early 1966, backed with "Cherry Red". Their last single on Leedon had not been a hit, so the credit "Barry Gibb and the Bee Gees" used on the last several discs now reverted to simply "Bee Gees". Neither song appeared on any Bee Gees album until the 1967 compilation album, Turn Around, Look At Us, but both were featured on Brilliant From Birth the 1998 anthology of the group's Australian recordings.

With these two songs the Bee Gees inaugurated Festival's new four-track recording equipment. If the multitrack tapes still existed, stereo mixes would have been possible but only the mono mixdowns survived. Promotional material for this single asks radio to play both sides, but "I Want Home" is listed first as it has the lower number matrix number, usually indicating the A-side, The lead guitar is played by Maurice. Colin Petersen thought he played drums on both songs.

Cherry Red (song)
"Cherry Red" is a song by the Bee Gees, written by Barry Gibb, released as the B-side of "I Want Home" in March 1966, and has become one of the famous Bee Gees songs in the Philippines and Brazil. The song's opening chord was E followed by Barry singing Where are you?.

"Cherry Red" is a ballad featuring a harmony by Barry and Robin. It was recorded around February 1966 in Festival Studios, Sydney, during the same time as "I Want Home". Colin Petersen thinks he played drums on the two tracks.
Cryptopone
Cryptopone  is a genus of ponerine ants containing 23 valid species, all of which are extant. The genus has a worldwide distribution, with most species occurring in Asia. Workers range from very small to medium in size (1.7–6.1 mm), with the queens being slightly larger. Wadeura was previously synonymized under this genus, however, its two species (now four) were separated out again by Branstetter & Longino, 2022.

Wadeura
Wadeura  is a genus of ponerine ants containing four described species native to parts of Central and South America. Originally described in 1939 by N. A. Weber, it was synonymized under Pachycondyla for a time, transferred to Cryptopone in 2014, and reinstated as a genus by Branstetter & Longino, 2022.
Yussef El Guindi
Yussef El Guindi (Arabic: يوسف الجندى [ˈjuːsef elˈɡendi]; born 1960) is an Egyptian-American playwright.  He writes full-length, one-act, and adapted plays on Arab-Muslim experience in the United States. He is best known for his 2005 play Back of the Throat and has been called "the most talented Arab American writer of political plays."

Back of the Throat
Back of the Throat is a play written by Arab-American playwright Yussef El Guindi.  The play reflects the fear of the Arab-American community in the post-9/11 America.

It was first performed by San Francisco's Thick Description and Golden Thread Productions in April 2005.

It was performed in 2005 in Seattle, in 2006 at The Flea Theater in New York City under direction of Jim Simpson, and has also been produced in other locations, including Chicago, Pasadena, California (Los Angeles area), and London.

The play won the 2004 Northwest Playwrights' Competition held by Theater Schmeater, L.A. Weekly's Excellence in Playwriting Award for 2006, was nominated for the 2006 American Theater Critics Association's Steinberg/New Play Award, and was voted Best New Play of 2005 by the Seattle Times.
Rugby Street
Rugby Street, formerly known as Chapel Street, is a street in the Bloomsbury district of the London Borough of Camden. It was built between around 1700 and 1721 on land that was given to Rugby School in Warwickshire and now forms part of London's Rugby Estate. Many of its buildings are listed by Historic England such as the grade II The Rugby Tavern. It was renamed Rugby Street in 1936 or 1937. In the post-war period, number 18 was the home to many creative people and the house where Ted Hughes and Sylvia Plath spent their wedding night.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
William Anderegg
William R. L. Anderegg is an American scientist and researcher, who has contributed to the fields of climate change and ecology. His research examines the impacts of climate change on Earth’s forests, and includes studies on the scientific consensus on climate change, the physiology of tree and forest drought responses, climate change impacts on pollen seasons, and climate risks to forests and nature-based climate solutions. Anderegg is a professor of biology and former director of the Wilkes Center for Climate Science and Policy at the University of Utah. He won the National Science Foundation's Alan T. Waterman Award in 2023.

Alan T. Waterman Award
The Alan T. Waterman Award, named after Alan Tower Waterman, is the United States's highest honorary award for scientists no older than 40, or no more than 10 years past receipt of their Ph.D. It is awarded on a yearly basis by the National Science Foundation.  In addition to the medal, the awardee receives a grant of $1,000,000 to be used at the institution of their choice over a period of five years for advanced scientific research.
Darby Stanchfield
Darby Leigh Stanchfield (born April 29, 1971) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Abby Whelan in the ABC political drama series Scandal (2012–2018). Stanchfield is also known for roles as Shannon Gibbs in the CBS military procedural NCIS, April Green in the CBS post-apocalyptic drama series Jericho (2006–07), and as Helen Bishop in the AMC period drama series Mad Men (2007–08). In 2020, she began starring as Nina Locke in the Netflix fantasy horror series Locke & Key.

Abby Whelan
Abigail Whelan is a fictional character portrayed by Darby Stanchfield, created by Shonda Rhimes for the political drama television series Scandal. Whelan is Jewish, worked in the Washington, D.C.–based crisis management-firm, Pope & Associates, that specializes in political situations. She now works as the White House Chief of Staff.