hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sylvie Corteel
Sylvie Corteel is a French mathematician at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique and Paris Diderot University and the University of California, Berkeley, who was an editor-in-chief of the Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A. Her research concerns the enumerative combinatorics and algebraic combinatorics of permutations, Young tableaux, and integer partitions.

Lauren Williams (mathematician)
Lauren Kiyomi Williams (born c. 1978) is an American mathematician known for her work on cluster algebras, tropical geometry, algebraic combinatorics, amplituhedra, and the positive Grassmannian. She is Dwight Parker Robinson Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University.
She was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 2025.
Carlos Alazraqui
Carlos Jaime Alazraqui (born July 20, 1962) is an American actor, stand-up comedian, impressionist, producer, screenwriter and director. His voice acting roles include the original voice of Spyro from Spyro the Dragon, the Taco Bell chihuahua in the Taco Bell commercials, Rocko on Rocko's Modern Life, Denzel Crocker on The Fairly OddParents, Lazlo and Clam on Camp Lazlo, Winslow on CatDog,  Puma Loco on El Tigre: The Adventures of Manny Rivera, Rikochet on ¡Mucha Lucha!, Felipe on Handy Manny, Walden on Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!, Paco on Maya & Miguel, Scissors on  Rock Paper Scissors, and the Disney character Panchito Pistoles since 2001. He is a weekly contributor on The Stephanie Miller Show. In live action, Alazraqui is known for playing Deputy James Garcia on Reno 911!

Handy Manny
Handy Manny is an animated preschool children's television series that premiered on September 16, 2006, originally as part of Disney Channel's Playhouse Disney block, and aired until February 14, 2013. Created by Roger Bollen and Marilyn Sadler and developed for TV by Rick Gitelson, its animation was produced by Canada-based studio Nelvana Limited. It features the voices of Wilmer Valderrama, Dee Bradley Baker, Tom Kenny, Fred Stoller, Nika Futterman, Kath Soucie, Carlos Alazraqui, Grey DeLisle, and Nancy Truman. The theme song is performed by Los Lobos.
Socialist Action (United States)
Socialist Action is a Trotskyist political party in the United States. SAct formed in 1983, when its members were expelled from the Socialist Workers Party.

SAct describes itself as a revolutionary socialist party fighting for true democracy, because capitalist states "cannot be used as tools of the working class, but have to be smashed".

Notable members include Jeff Mackler.

Jeff Mackler
Jeffrey Mackler is an American activist from San Francisco, California. Mackler is the national secretary of Socialist Action, a Trotskyist political party. He was the nominee of Socialist Action for U.S. Senate from California in 2006, and President of the United States in 2016. His candidacy was endorsed by the Freedom Socialist Party. In both cases, Mackler was a write-in candidate. In 2019, Jeff Mackler was declared the presidential nominee for Socialist Action in the 2020 presidential election.

Mackler founded Northern California Climate Mobilization, is a longtime teacher and union activist with the American Federation of Teachers in Hayward, California and is director of the Mobilization to Free Mumia Abu-Jamal. He is an alumnus of Antioch College.
Loris Malaguzzi
Loris Malaguzzi (February 23, 1920 – January 30, 1994) was an Italian educator and psychologist, best known as the founder of the Reggio Emilia approach to early childhood education. He advocated for recognizing children as individuals with rights and potential, emphasizing their active participation in learning processes and the development of creative expression.

Reggio Emilia approach
The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy and pedagogy focused on preschool and primary education.  This approach is a student-centered and constructivist self-guided curriculum that uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The programme is based on the principles of respect, responsibility and community through exploration, discovery and play.

At the core of this philosophy is an assumption that children form their own personality during the early years of development and that they are endowed with "a hundred languages", through which they can express their ideas. The aim of the Reggio approach is to teach children how to use these symbolic languages (e.g. painting, sculpting, drama) in everyday life. This approach was developed after World War II by pedagogist Loris Malaguzzi and parents in the villages around Reggio Emilia, Italy; the approach derives its name from the city.
Nirmon
Nirmon is a 1966 Indian Konkani-language film. It was directed by A. Salam and produced by Frank Fernand. The film features C. Alvares, Shalini Mardolkar, Anthony De Sa, Ophelia Cabral, A. R. Souza Ferrão, Antonette Mendes, and Jacinto Vaz.

Jacinto Vaz
Jacinto Castor Vaz (Goan Konkani: Jacint; né Vas; 27 April 1918 – 30 April 1993) was an Indian comedian, actor, singer, composer, and playwright known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr productions. Referred to as the "Charlie Chaplin of the Konkani stage," he was a leading comedian during the golden phase of tiatr, and has acted in over 4000 tiatrs.
Melanie Hill
Melanie Jane Hill is a British actress, known for playing Hazel Redfern in Auf Wiedersehen, Pet (1985–1986), Aveline in Bread (1989–1991), Rita Dolan in Kay Mellor drama Playing the Field (1998–2002), Maggie Budgen in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2012–2015), Julie Travers in BBC One drama series The Syndicate (2015), Cathy Matthews in ITV soap opera Coronation Street (2015–2022) and Siobhan McKenzie in Casualty (2024–present).

The Syndicate
The Syndicate is a British television drama series. It was written by Kay Mellor and is broadcast on BBC One. It sees five members of a betting syndicate win the lottery. Each series follows a different syndicate. The first series is set in a Leeds supermarket; the second, a public hospital in Bradford; the third, a crumbling stately home near Scarborough; and the fourth is set between a dog kennel in Yorkshire and Monaco.

The theme tune for the first two series of the show is "All or Nothing", by the Small Faces. For the third series, a cover version of the same song performed by Scars on 45 was used. The score is composed by guitarist Hal Lindes from Dire Straits. The theme tune for Season four of the show is a cover of "The Gambler" performed by David Nowakowski featuring Rising Fever. Series 4 premiered on BBC One on 30 March 2021.

The series was remade in America as Lucky 7 for ABC and ran for only one series.
Legacy (2010 film)
Legacy (also known as Legacy: Black Ops) is a 2010 psychological thriller film directed by Nigerian/British director Thomas Ikimi and produced by Black Camel Pictures. The film premiered at the Glasgow Film Festival on 28 February 2010 and was released theatrically in the United States on 15 October 2010. The film stars Idris Elba from The Wire (who was also executive producer with Amrit Walia), William Hope, Eamonn Walker and Richard Brake among others.

Eamonn Walker
Eamonn Roderique Walker (born 12 June 1962) is a British actor. On television, he began in the BBC sitcom In Sickness and in Health (1985–1987), the ITV crime dramas The Bill (1988–1989), Supply & Demand (1998), and the HBO series Oz (1997–2003), for which he won a CableACE Award.

He led the ITV television film Othello (2001) and had a further role in the Fox series Justice (2006–2007).  Walker starred as Wallace Boden in the NBC drama Chicago Fire and its spinoffs from 2012 to 2024. His films include Young Soul Rebels (1991), Once in the Life (2000), Legacy (2010), and A Lonely Place to Die (2011).
Killer Be Killed (album)
Killer Be Killed is the debut studio album by American heavy metal supergroup Killer Be Killed featuring Greg Puciato of the Dillinger Escape Plan, Max Cavalera of Soulfly/ex-Sepultura, Troy Sanders of Mastodon, and Dave Elitch of the Mars Volta. It was recorded in September 2013 at Fortress Studio in Los Angeles and released May 9, 2014 via Nuclear Blast Records. The album reached No. 58 on the U.S. Billboard 200 during its first week of release and sold around 5,500 copies.

Greg Puciato
Gregory John Puciato (born March 27, 1980) is an American musician best known as the former lead vocalist and lyricist of the metalcore band the Dillinger Escape Plan. In addition to being a solo artist,  he fronts the band the Black Queen, and is a member of Killer Be Killed, in which he also plays guitar. He also performs alongside Jerry Cantrell providing backup vocals and lead vocals on Layne Staley-sung songs for Cantrell's solo tours. In 2018, Puciato and visual artist Jesse Draxler co-founded the art collective and record label Federal Prisoner.

Puciato is noted for the intensity of his live performances, wide vocal and stylistic range, outspoken views, and controversy stemming from his bands' performances and interviews. Rolling Stone said that "few singers live, breathe and often literally bleed their art like he does." In 2023, Jake Richardson of Loudwire described his style as "echoing the band’s varied and technically proficient take on metalcore."
TCDD HT80000
TCDD HT80000, also known as Siemens Velaro TR, is a series of high-speed electric multiple units built by Siemens for the Turkish State Railways. The EMUs are used for the Yüksek Hızlı Tren (YHT) services on the Turkish high-speed railway network and especially on the Polatlı–Konya high-speed railway, where they can reach a maximum speed of 300 km/h (186 mph).

TCDD HT65000
TCDD HT65000 is a series of twelve high-speed electric multiple units built by the Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles (CAF) of Spain for the Turkish State Railways (TCDD), The EMUs are used on the Turkish high-speed railway network and can reach a maximum commercial speed of 250 km/h.
Chromatic scale
In Western music, a chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) divided equally or approximately equally within an octave. An interval between adjacent notes in a chromatic scale is called a semitone. Chromatic instruments, such as the piano, are made to produce the chromatic scale, while other instruments capable of continuously variable pitch, such as the trombone and violin, can also produce microtones, or notes between those available on a piano.

Most tonal Western music is structured around scales with fewer than 12 pitches per octave, such as diatonic scales. This music primarily uses an appropriate subset of the chromatic scale.

Pitch (music)
Pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies. Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale. 
Pitch is a major auditory attribute of musical tones, along with duration, loudness, and timbre.

Pitch may be quantified as a frequency, but pitch is not a purely objective physical property; it is a subjective psychoacoustical attribute of sound. Historically, the study of pitch and pitch perception has been a central problem in psychoacoustics, and has been instrumental in forming and testing theories of sound representation, processing, and perception in the auditory system.
Jake Kozloff
Jake Kozloff (1901–1976) was a Russian-born American businessman. He was the owner of the Lebanon Valley Brewing Company in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, in the 1930s. He invested in hotels and casinos in Las Vegas, Nevada, in the 1940s and 1950s, where he was also the president of Temple Beth Sholom. He went on to invest in hotels and casinos in the Caribbean in the 1960s.

Guy McAfee
Guy Alexander McAfee (August 19, 1888 – February 20, 1960) was an American law enforcement officer and businessman. Born in Kansas and orphaned in early childhood, he became a firefighter in Los Angeles, California, and later served as the head of the vice squad of the Los Angeles Police Department. He was the owner of brothels and gambling saloons, with ties to organized crime in the 1930s. He co-founded casinos in Las Vegas, Nevada, in the 1940s and 1950s. He is credited as the first person to refer to Las Vegas Boulevard as the Las Vegas Strip, after Los Angeles's Sunset Strip.
50Plus
50Plus (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛiftəx plʏs]; stylised as 50PLUS and abbreviated 50+) is a political party in the Netherlands that advocates pensioners' interests with a centrist political line. The party was founded in 2009 by Maurice Koopman, Alexander Münninghoff and Jan Nagel.

The party first participated in the 2011 provincial elections, in which it won 9 provincial council seats, allowing it to be represented in the Senate by Nagel. Under lead candidate Henk Krol, the party entered the House of Representatives for the first time at the 2012 general election. On 6 May 2021, party leader Liane den Haan, its sole member in the House of Representatives, left to sit as an Independent following an internal dispute. The party re-entered the parliament under the leadership of Jan Struijs after the 2025 general election.

Liane den Haan
Natalia Liane den Haan (born 24 August 1967) is a Dutch politician and former nonprofit director, who was a member of the House of Representatives from 2021 to 2023.

She was the managing director of LGBT rights organization COC Nederland from 2001 to 2004 and subsequently filled that same position at senior advocacy group ANBO. Den Haan left the latter organization after she had been chosen in October 2020 to lead the pensioners' party 50PLUS in the 2021 general election. She succeeded Henk Krol and was elected to the House of Representatives. Following an internal conflict within 50PLUS, she left the party in May 2021 while keeping her seat. Den Haan founded her own party, GOUD Netherlands, the following year.

Den Haan has also held a seat in the Social and Economic Council (SER) and in the Woerden municipal council for four years as a member of Democrats 66 and the Labour Party.
Roy Wood
Roy Wood (born 8 November 1946) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He was particularly successful in the 1960s and 1970s as member and co-founder of the Move, Electric Light Orchestra and Wizzard.

Wood formed the Move in 1965, and had hits including "Flowers in the Rain". While the Move were still together, Wood, along with his band colleagues Jeff Lynne and Bev Bevan, founded Electric Light Orchestra (ELO), which was later to gain major commercial success. After increasing tensions, Wood left ELO in 1972 and formed a new group, Wizzard, who had seven hits, including Wood's most regularly broadcast song, "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Every Day".

As a songwriter, Wood contributed a number of hits to the repertoire of the Move, ELO and Wizzard. Altogether, he had more than 20 singles in the UK singles chart under various guises, including three UK No. 1 hits. Wood was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 as a member of Electric Light Orchestra.

Annie Haslam
Annie Haslam (born 8 June 1947) is an English vocalist, songwriter and painter. She is best known as the lead singer of progressive rock band Renaissance since 1971, and for her long and diverse solo singing career. She has a five-octave vocal range. From 2002, Haslam has developed a parallel career as a visual artist, producing paintings on canvas, painted musical instruments and giclées.
Catch Me Outside
"Catch Me Outside" is a song by American rapper Ski Mask the Slump God, released on June 13, 2017, as the third single from his second mixtape You Will Regret (2017). The song is a freestyle over "She's a Bitch" by Missy Elliott, produced by Timbaland. A sequel to the song, "Catch Me Outside 2", was released in 2025.

Catch Me Outside 2
"Catch Me Outside 2" is a song by American rapper Ski Mask the Slump God, released on July 4, 2025. It is a sequel to his 2017 song "Catch Me Outside" and, like the prequel, is produced by Timbaland. The song samples "I'm Really Hot" by Missy Elliott.
John II, Lord of Mecklenburg
John II of Mecklenburg (c. 1250 – 12 October 1299) was from 1264 until his death Lord of Mecklenburg.

He was the youngest son of John I and Luitgard of Henneberg (1210-1267), the daughter of Count Poppo VII of Henneberg.  After his brother Henry I was taken prisoner during his pilgrimage, he took over the regency of Mecklenburg and the guardianship of Henry's sons in 1275, along with his brother Nicholas III.

In 1283 he was then referred to as Lord  of Gadebusch.  He probably received Gadebush as an apanage.

He died on 12 October 1299 and was buried in the Doberan Minster.

Three of his children have been documented:

Lütgard, died after 2 August 1353

John, died young

Elizabeth, died after 1352, abbess of Rehna Abbey

Nicholas III, Lord of Mecklenburg
Nicholas III, Lord of Mecklenburg (after 1230 – 8 June 1289 or 1290) was from 1264 to 1289 Lord of Mecklenburg.

He was the son of John I and his wife, Luitgard of Henneberg (1210-1267), the daughter of Count Poppo VII of Henneberg.  On 9 January 1266, he was appointed canon of Lübeck Cathedral.  In 1269 he was also a priest in the St. Mary's Church in Wismar.

When Henry I was taken prisoner during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, Nicholas III and his brother John II took up the regency for Henry's underage sons.  He is last mentioned as living in a document dated 2 April 1289.

He died on 8 June 1289 or 1290 and was buried in Doberan Minster.
Barton Swing Aqueduct
The Barton Swing Aqueduct is a moveable navigable aqueduct in Barton upon Irwell, Greater Manchester, England. It carries the Bridgewater Canal across the Manchester Ship Canal. The swinging action allows large vessels using the ship canal to pass through and smaller craft, both narrowboats and broad-beam barges, to cross over the top. The aqueduct, the first and only swing aqueduct in the world, is a Grade II* listed building, and considered a major feat of Victorian civil engineering. Designed by Sir Edward Leader Williams and built by Andrew Handyside and Company of Derby, the swing bridge opened in 1894 and remains in regular use.

Edward Leader Williams
Sir Edward Leader Williams (28 April 1828 – 1 January 1910) was an English civil engineer, chiefly remembered as the designer of the Manchester Ship Canal, but also heavily involved in other canal projects in north Cheshire.
Hose Station No. 3
Davenport Hose Station No. 3 is located in a commercial area on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984. The building is one of two historic former fire stations on the east side that are still in existence. The other one is Hose Station No. 4 in the Village of East Davenport.

Hose Station No. 4
Hose Station No. 4 is located in the Village of East Davenport in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is a contributing property of the Davenport Village Historic District that has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1980. The fire station was individually listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 1993. It is one of two old fire stations on the east side of the city that are still in existence. The other one is Hose Station No. 3. The building sits adjacent to Lindsay Park and now houses the International Fire Museum.
Descriptivist theory of names
In the philosophy of language, the descriptivist theory of proper names (also descriptivist theory of reference) is the view that the meaning or semantic content of a proper name is identical to the descriptions associated with it by speakers, while their referents are determined to be the objects that satisfy these descriptions. Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege have both been associated with the descriptivist theory, which has been called the mediated reference theory or Frege–Russell view.

In the 1970s, this theory came under attack from causal theorists such as Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam and others. However, it has seen something of a revival in recent years, especially under the form of what are called two-dimensional semantic theories. This latter trend is exemplified by the theories of David Chalmers, among others.

Two-dimensionalism
Two-dimensionalism is an approach to semantics in analytic philosophy. It is a theory of how to determine the sense and reference of a word and the truth-value of a sentence. It is intended to resolve the puzzle: How is it possible to discover empirically that a necessary truth is true? Two-dimensionalism provides an analysis of the semantics of words and sentences that makes sense of this possibility. The theory was first developed by Robert Stalnaker, but it has been advocated by numerous philosophers since, including David Chalmers.
Kuwana, Mie
Kuwana (桑名市, Kuwana-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2021, the city had an estimated population of 141,045 in 60,301 households and a population density of 1000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 136.68 square kilometres (52.77 sq mi).

Yokkaichi
Yokkaichi (四日市市, Yokkaichi-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2025, the city had an estimated population of 305,279 in 147,185 households and a population density of 1,478.3 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 206.50 square kilometres (79.73 sq mi).
Capitol State Forest
The Capitol State Forest is a 110,000-acre (450 km2) state forest in Thurston and Grays Harbor counties in Washington, used for both commercial logging operations and recreation. The forest, containing the Black Hills, is surrounded by various preserves and wildlife areas; it contains Mima mounds geologic features and is the headwater for McLane Creek. Capitol State Forest is managed by Washington State Department of Natural Resources and considered public land.

McLane Creek
McLane Creek is a stream in Thurston County in the U.S. state of Washington. It enters Puget Sound at the southern end of Mud Bay in Eld Inlet. Several trails maintained by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources are available year-round for public hiking use.
Designs (manga)
Designs (Japanese: ディザインズ, Hepburn: Dizainzu) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Daisuke Igarashi. It was serialized in Kodansha's Monthly Afternoon from April 2015 to March 2019, with its chapters collected in five tankōbon volumes. The series revolved around genetically engineered humanized animals.

Monthly Afternoon
Monthly Afternoon (月刊アフタヌーン, Gekkan Afutanūn) is a Japanese monthly seinen manga anthology published by Kodansha under the Afternoon line of magazines. The first issue was released in December 1986. Afternoon has spawned many successful manga series such as Oh My Goddess!, Genshiken, Blade of the Immortal and Big Windup!. It is part of Kodansha's "1day" series, which also includes the magazines Morning and Evening. A spin-off magazine, named good! Afternoon, started publishing on November 7, 2008.