hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cirencester
Cirencester (/ˈsaɪ(ə)rənˌsɛstə/ ⓘ SY-rən-SEST-ə, occasionally /ˈsɪsɪtə/ ⓘ SIS-it-ə) is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the Thames. Cirencester is the eighth largest settlement in Gloucestershire and the largest town within the Cotswolds. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural University, the oldest agricultural college in the English-speaking world, founded in 1840. The town had a population of 20,229 in 2021. The town is 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Swindon, 18 miles (29 km) south-east of Gloucester, 37 miles (60 km) west of Oxford and 39 miles (63 km) north-east of Bristol.

The Roman name for the town was Corinium, which is thought to have been associated with the ancient British tribe of the Dobunni, having the same root word as the River Churn. The earliest known reference to the town was by Ptolemy in AD 150. The town's Corinium Museum has an extensive Roman collection.

Dobunni
The Dobunni were one of the Iron Age tribes living in the British Isles prior to the Roman conquest of Britain. There are seven known references to the tribe in Roman histories and inscriptions.

Various historians and archaeologists have examined the Dobunni, including Stephen J. Yeates in his book The Tribe of Witches (2008), where he suggests that the latter part of the name possibly derives from *bune, a cup or vessel, with a similar meaning to the later tribal name Hwicce; both being related to the recognisable cult of a Romano-British goddess. This view has been sharply criticised by several archaeologists. Archaeologist Miles Russell suggests that their original name may have been "Bodunni", connecting this with the Celtic word *bouda meaning "Victorious", in the sense of "The Victorious Ones".
Hercules (constellation)
Hercules is a constellation named after Hercules, the Roman mythology hero adapted from the Greek hero Heracles. Hercules was one of the 48 constellations listed by the second-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. It is the fifth-largest of the modern constellations and is the largest of the 50 which have no stars brighter than apparent magnitude +2.5.

Alpha Herculis
Alpha Herculis (α Herculis, abbreviated Alpha Her, α Her), also designated Rasalgethi and 64 Herculis, is a multiple star system in the constellation of Hercules. Appearing as a single point of light to the naked eye, it is resolvable into a number of components through a telescope. It has a combined apparent magnitude of 3.08, although the brightest component is variable in brightness. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 360 light-years (110 parsecs) distant from the Sun. Five degrees east-south-east of Rasalgethi lies Rasalhague, the brightest star in Ophiuchus. These stars may be among the closest-lying pair of alpha stars in the entire sky. Despite the star designated as "alpha", it is actually the 5th brightest star in Hercules.
Marilu Henner
Marilu Henner (born April 6, 1952) is an American actress, singer, and author. She began her career appearing in the original production of the musical Grease in 1971, before making her screen debut in the 1977 comedy-drama film Between the Lines. In 1978, Henner was cast in her breakthrough role as Elaine O'Connor Nardo in the ABC/NBC sitcom Taxi, a role she played until 1983 and for which she received five Golden Globe Award nominations.

Henner later had co-starring roles in films such as Hammett (1982), The Man Who Loved Women (1983), Cannonball Run II (1984), Johnny Dangerously (1984), Rustlers' Rhapsody (1985), Ladykillers (1988), L.A. Story (1991), and Noises Off (1992). She returned to television with a starring role in the CBS sitcom Evening Shade (1990–1994), and had leading roles in many television films.

Henner's memory is one of a fewer than 100 known cases of hyperthymesia.

Hammett (film)
Hammett is a 1982 American neo-noir mystery film directed by Wim Wenders and executive produced by Francis Ford Coppola. The screenplay was written by Ross Thomas and Dennis O'Flaherty, based on the novel of the same name by Joe Gores. It stars Frederic Forrest as detective story writer Dashiell Hammett, who gets caught up in a mystery very much like one of his own stories. Marilu Henner plays Hammett's neighbor, Kit Conger, and Peter Boyle plays Jimmy Ryan, an old friend from Hammett's days as a Pinkerton agent. The film was entered into the 1982 Cannes Film Festival.
You're Still the One (film)
You're Still the One is a 2015 Filipino romantic drama film directed by Chris Martinez and starring Maja Salvador, Dennis Trillo, Richard Yap and Ellen Adarna. It was distributed by Star Cinema and Regal Entertainment and was released on May 27, 2015.

This is also the last film appearance of comedienne Joy Viado in her lifetime, who died in a heart attack in Diliman, Quezon City on September 10, 2016 at the age of 57.

Ellen Adarna
Ellen Meriam Go Adarna-Ramsay (born April 2, 1988) is a Filipino former actress, model, and former internet celebrity. Her family owns various hotels, condominiums and Queensland and Madonna, a chain of motels in Cebu, Manila and Davao. They also own a temple in honor of her late grandmother (Temple Of Leah). A Gravure model, Adarna has appeared in various magazine covers in the Philippines, such as Candy, FHM, Esquire, UNO, Preview, Speed and Women's Health.
Santosham (2002 film)
Santosham (transl. Happiness) is a 2002 Indian Telugu-language comedy drama film directed by Dasaradh who co-wrote the screenplay with Gopimohan and Trivikram Srinivas. It stars Nagarjuna, Gracy Singh and Shriya Saran in lead roles, with Prabhu Deva and K. Viswanath in supporting roles. The music was composed by R. P. Patnaik. The film won two Nandi Awards and two Filmfare Awards South.

Released on 9 May 2002, the film was well received by critics and was a blockbuster at the box office. It became the highest grossing film in Nagarjuna's career and was one of the highest grossing films of the year. It was a welcome break for Nagarjuna from the consecutive flops he suffered since 2000. It was dubbed in Tamil as Santhosha Vanille and in Hindi as Pehli Nazar ka Pehla Pyaar. The film was remade in Kannada as Ugadi (2007).

R. P. Patnaik
Ravindra Prasad Patnaik is an Indian music composer, singer, actor, screenwriter and film director who works in Telugu, Kannada and Tamil language films. He won three Filmfare Awards and three Nandi Awards. He has toured the world to perform his live shows.

Patnaik had entered the film industry with a desire to become a film director, and began first as a music director with the movie Nee Kosam. Cinematographer-turned-director Teja gave him a break with Chitram, that Patnaik made his directorial debut with the 2008 film Andamaina Manasulo. As of March 2016, he finished his sixth Telugu language film Manalo Okkadu. His brother Gautam Patnaik is a director who made his directorial debut with Keratam (2011).
Peter Gorley
Peter Gorley (born 10 July 1951) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, England and Cumbria, and at club level for Workington Town, St. Helens and Whitehaven, as a second-row.

Workington Town
Workington Town  is a semi-professional rugby league club based in Workington, West Cumbria, England. The club plays home games at Derwent Park and competes in the RFL Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Workington have won the League Championship once in 1951 and Challenge Cup in 1952.

The club's traditional home colours are white shirt with a blue band. Their main rivals are Whitehaven, while they also have a Cumbrian rivalry with Barrow Raiders.
Connie Sue Highway
The Connie Sue Highway is an outback unsealed track that runs between the Aboriginal community of Warburton on the Great Central Road and Rawlinna on the Trans-Australian Railway. It lies entirely in the state of Western Australia, crosses the Great Victoria Desert and Nullarbor Plain, and is approximately 650 km (400 mi) long.

Anne Beadell Highway
Anne Beadell Highway is an outback unsealed track linking Coober Pedy, South Australia, and Laverton, Western Australia, a total distance of 1,325 km (823 mi).   The track was surveyed and built by Len Beadell, Australian surveyor, who named it after his wife.

The track passes through remote arid deserts and scrub territory of South Australia and Western Australia, which often have summer temperatures approaching 50 °C (122 °F).  Sand dunes predominate for most of the track.
Hypodermyasis
Hypodermyasis is a parasitic infection by the larvae of warble flies, most notably Hypoderma lineatum and Hypoderma bovis. These flies mostly infect cattle in the warmer areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Humans become hosts when they inadvertently swallow the eggs of those flies.

Warble fly
Warble fly is a name given to the genus Hypoderma: large flies which are parasitic on cattle and deer. Other names include "heel flies", "bomb flies" and "gadflies", while their larvae are often called "cattle grubs" or "wolves." Common species of warble fly include Hypoderma bovis (the ox warble fly) and Hypoderma lineatum (the cattle warble fly) and Hypoderma tarandi (the reindeer] warble fly). Larvae of Hypoderma species also have been reported in horses, sheep, goats and humans. They have also been found on smaller mammals such as dogs, cats, squirrels, voles and rabbits.

Adult warble flies are large, hairy and bumblebee-like and brown, orange or yellow in color. The adults have vestigial mouthparts, so they cannot feed during their short lifespans, which can be as little as five days.

They are found on all continents of the Northern Hemisphere, mainly between 25° and 60° latitude.
Romanian Ecologist Party
The Romanian Ecologist Party (Romanian: Partidul Ecologist Român, PER) is an ecologist and currently mostly conservative and green conservative political party in Romania, member of the AER Alliance for Romania (Alianța AER pentru România). Without parliamentary representation, it is one of the microparties still active in the country with some representatives elected in the local administration (i.e. a few mayors and county councillors and 210 local councillors), especially in Râmnicu Vâlcea and Vâlcea County, where it is ranked third behind the National Liberal Party (PNL) and the Social Democratic Party (PSD), Romania's two largest parties. Previously, it collaborated with the Green Party (PV) in the 2008 legislative elections.

AER for Romania
AER for Romania was an ecological Romanian electoral alliance active between December 2023 and February 2024. Established on 9 December 2023, exclusively as an electoral alliance between the Green Party – The Greens (PV VERZII) and the Ecologist Party of Romania (PER), the alliance was formed to participate together in the June 2024 European Parliament elections in Romania.
ISO 3166-2:ML
ISO 3166-2:ML is the entry for Mali in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Mali, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for one district and ten regions. The district Bamako is the capital of the country and has special status equal to the regions.

Each code consists of two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is ML, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Mali. The second part is either of the following:

three letters: district

1 or 2 digits (1–10): regions

The codes for the regions are assigned roughly from west to east.

Regions of Mali
Since 2016, Mali has been divided into ten regions and one capital district. A reorganization of the country from eight to nineteen regions was passed into law in 2012, but of the new regions, only Taoudénit (partitioned from Tombouctou Region) and Ménaka (formerly Ménaka Cercle in Gao Region) have begun to be implemented. Each of the regions bears the name of its capital. The regions are divided into 56 cercles. The cercles and the capital district are divided into 703 communes.

In 2023, Mali has added nine new regions to its administrative structure, bringing the total to 19 regions plus the district of Bamako. This reorganization aims to improve governance and bring public services closer to local populations. This initiative continues the decentralization efforts that began with the creation of the Taoudénit and Ménaka regions in 2016. The nineteen regions in turn are subdivided into 159 cercles, 466 districts, 819 communes and 12.712 villages
Vilhena Palace
Vilhena Palace (Maltese: Il-Palazz De Vilhena; Italian: Palazzo Vilhena), also known as the Magisterial Palace (Maltese: Palazz Maġisterjali) and Palazzo Pretorio, is a French Baroque palace in Mdina, Malta. It is named after António Manoel de Vilhena, the Grand Master who commissioned it. It was built between 1726 and 1728 to designs of the French architect Charles François de Mondion, on the site of the meeting place of the Università. The palace was used a hospital in the 19th and 20th centuries, and it became known as Connaught Hospital after 1909. Since 1973, it has been open to the public as Malta's National Museum of Natural History.

António Manoel de Vilhena
António Manoel de Vilhena (28 May 1663 – 10 December 1736) was a Portuguese nobleman who was the 66th Prince and Grand Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem from 19 June 1722 to his death in 1736. Unlike a number of the other Grand Masters, he was benevolent and popular with the Maltese people. Vilhena is mostly remembered for the founding of Floriana, the construction of Fort Manoel and the Manoel Theatre, and the renovation of the city of Mdina.
Immortal Melodies
Immortal Melodies (Italian: Melodie immortali, also known as Mascagni) is a 1952 Italian  musical-biographical melodrama film  directed by Giacomo Gentilomo and starring Pierre Cressoy, Carla Del Poggio and Vera Molnar. It is based on real life events of classical composer Pietro Mascagni. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alberto Boccianti.

Carla Del Poggio
Maria Luisa Attanasio (2 December 1925 – 14 October 2010), known by her stage name Carla Del Poggio, was an Italian cinema, theatre, and television actress. A native of Naples, she was the wife of Italian director Alberto Lattuada for 60 years, from 2 April 1945 until his death 3 July 2005. She died at the age of 84 from undisclosed causes.
David Kaff
David Kaff (17 April 1946 – 11 July 2025) was a British musician and actor. He was a member of Rare Bird in the 1970s, credited as David Kaffinetti. As a musician, he was perhaps best known as Viv Savage, keyboard player in the title band in the film This Is Spinal Tap (1984).

Rare Bird
Rare Bird were an English progressive rock band, formed in 1969. They released five studio albums between 1969 and 1974. In the UK, the single "Sympathy" reached number 27 in February 1970, selling an estimated one million globally. The band was notable for its organ-driven sound, utilising two keyboardists and no guitar in its original line-up.
Pariser Platz
Pariser Platz (transl. Parisian Square) is a square in the historic center of Berlin, Germany, situated by the Brandenburg Gate at the end of Unter den Linden boulevard. The square is named after the French capital of Paris to commemorate the victory of the Sixth Coalition over the French Empire at the Battle of Paris (1814), and is one of the main focal points of the city.

Unter den Linden
Unter den Linden (German: [ˈʊntɐ deːn ˈlɪndn̩] ⓘ, "under the linden trees") is a boulevard in the central Mitte district of Berlin, Germany. Running from the Berlin Palace to the Brandenburg Gate, it is named after the linden trees (known as lime in the UK and Ireland and basswood in North America, not related to citrus lime) that line the grassed pedestrian mall on the median and the two broad carriageways. The avenue links numerous Berlin sights, landmarks and rivers for sightseeing.
Anadolu University
Anadolu University (Turkish: Anadolu Üniversitesi) is a public university in Eskişehir, Turkey. Anadolu University serves as the primary national provider of distance education. The university offers a range of educational programs, both on-campus and through distance education. It is the third-largest university in the world by enrollment.

Eskişehir
Eskişehir (US: /ˌɛskɪʃəˈhɪər/ ES-kish-ə-HEER, Turkish: [esˈkiʃehiɾ]; from eski 'old' and şehir 'city') is a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of the Eskişehir Province. The urban population of the city is 821 315 (Odunpazarı + Tepebaşı), with a metropolitan population of 921 630.

The city is located on the banks of the Porsuk River, 792 m above sea level, where it overlooks the fertile Phrygian Valley. In the nearby hills one can find hot springs. The city is 233 km (145 mi) to the west of Ankara, 330 km (205 mi) to the southeast of Istanbul and 78 km (48 mi) to the northeast of Kütahya. It is located in the vicinity of the ancient city of Dorylaeum.

Known as a university town, it houses Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, and Anadolu University. The province covers an area of 2,678 km2 (1,034 sq mi).
Bill O'Flaherty
Bill O'Flaherty is a Canadian ice hockey player, coach and executive. He was the head coach of Clarkson for six years before moving on to become the school's Athletic director, compiling one of the highest winning percentages in the history of college hockey.

Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey
The Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Clarkson University. The Golden Knights have been a member of ECAC Hockey since 1962, and play their home games at Cheel Arena in Potsdam, New York. While Clarkson lore has it that their first hockey game was played in 1916 against the Hogansburg Indians, the team was established as a hockey club in 1921, led by captain Bill Johnson. The Knights won their opening encounter against Alexandria Bay, 6–4, and finished the year with a 2–1 record, their first of many winning seasons.
Ifenprodil
Ifenprodil, sold under the brand names Cerocral, Dilvax, and Vadilex, is a cerebral vasodilator that has been marketed in some countries, including in Japan, Hong Kong, and France. It is currently under development for treatment of a variety of additional indications.

Ifenprodil has multiple known pharmacological actions. It is an inhibitor of the NMDA receptor, specifically of NMDA receptors containing GluN1 and GluN2B subunits, the "ifenprodil binding site". Additionally, ifenprodil inhibits GIRK channels and interacts with α1-adrenergic, serotonin, and sigma receptors.

Chemically, ifenprodil is a substituted phenethylamine and β-hydroxyamphetamine derivative. It is used pharmaceutically as the tartrate salt.

Cerebral vasodilator
A cerebral vasodilator is a drug which acts as a vasodilator in the brain. They are used to improve blood flow in people with cerebrovascular insufficiency and to treat neurological disorders secondary to this condition. A number of different cerebral vasodilators exist. An example is ifenprodil, which has been marketed for use as a cerebral vasodilator in France, Hong Kong, and Japan. Other examples include buphenine (nylidrin), isoxsuprine, oxyfedrine, suloctidil, and tinofedrine.

Similar drugs include cerebral activators, or cerebral metabolism activators, like bifemelane, indeloxazine, and teniloxazine, which are also used to treat cerebrovascular disease.
Liam Kelly (Irish republican)
Liam Seán Kelly (29 September 1922 – 7 June 2011) was an Irish republican, who was elected both to the House of Commons of Northern Ireland (1953–1958) (as an abstentionist) and as a member of the upper house of the Irish legislature Seanad Éireann (1954–1957) (which he did attend). He was also a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and after his expulsion from that organisation in 1951, founded the Republican splinter group Saor Uladh and its political wing Fianna Uladh.

Fianna Uladh
Fianna Uladh (Irish pronunciation: [ˌfʲiən̪ˠə ˈʊlˠə, - ˈʊlˠuː]; "Soldiers of Ulster") was a minor Irish republican political party active in Northern Ireland during the 1950s. It represented the political wing of Saor Uladh, a splinter group of the Irish Republican Army.

Formed in 1953 by Liam Kelly, the group was ideologically close to Clann na Poblachta and sought the extension of the Constitution of Ireland to the entire island. Adopting a policy of abstentionism, their activity helped to bring about the break-up of the Anti-Partition of Ireland League in 1954.

Fianna Uladh went moribund during the IRA's Border Campaign of 1956 to 1962, during which time Kelly was interned. After his release he emigrated to the United States and the movement was not revived.
Stefano Gualeni
Stefano Gualeni (born 30 April 1978) is an Italian philosopher, professor, and game designer who has created video games such as Tony Tough and the Night of Roasted Moths, Gua-Le-Ni; or, The Horrendous Parade, and Something Something Soup Something.

Gualeni is currently a full professor at the Institute of Digital Games of the University of Malta, where he pursues academic research in the fields of game design, virtual worlds research, the philosophy of technology, science fiction, and existentialism.

He had been a visiting researcher in various international institutions, including the Laguna College of Art and Design of Laguna Beach, California (2015-2019), the Centre of the Digital Humanities of the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (2019), the Ritsumeikan Center for Game Studies (RCGS) at the Ritsumeikan University of Kyoto, Japan (2023), and the Faculty of Media and Communication of the Singidunum University of Belgrade, Serbia (2024).

Something Something Soup Something
Something Something Soup Something is a free browser video game (also released on Microsoft Windows, MacOS, and Linux) and "interactive thought experiment" developed by Stefano Gualeni and his team at the Institute of Digital Games. It was released in late 2017. In the game, the player must decide whether or not things are, in their opinion, soup. The game is inspired on the work of philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein and on the linguistic experiments of Eleanor Rosch and Carolyn B. Mervis.
Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay
Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay (Bengali: সঞ্জীবচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায়, romanized: Shonjeeb Chôndro Chôţţopaddhae; 1834 – 18 April 1889) was a Bengali writer, poet and journalist. He was the elder brother of Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

Sanjib Chandra was born to an orthodox Brahmin family at Kanthalpara, North 24 Parganas. He was educated at Hooghly Mohsin College, founded by Bengali philanthropist Muhammad Mohsin and Presidency College, Calcutta. He was one of the first graduates of the University of Calcutta.

Sanjib Chandra is widely regarded as a key figure in literary renaissance of Bengal as well as India. Some of his writings, including novels, essays and commentaries, were a breakaway from traditional verse-oriented Indian writings, and provided an inspiration for authors across India.

Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay CIE (anglicised as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee; 26 June 1838 – 8 April 1894) was an Indian Bengali novelist, poet, essayist and journalist.

Noted for his pro-British stance, he accepted the legitimacy of the British rule and supported English education.

He was the author of the 1882 Bengali language novel Anandamath, which is one of the landmarks of modern Bengali and Indian literature. He was the composer of Vande Mataram, written in highly Sanskritised Bengali, personifying India as a mother goddess. Chattopadhayay wrote fourteen novels and many serious, serio-comic, satirical, scientific and critical treatises in Bengali. He is known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor of Literature) in Bengali.