hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bengal–Jaunpur confrontation
The Bengal-Jaunpaur war was an early 15th-century conflict that stemmed from the Jaunpur Sultanate's opposition to the overthrowing of the Bengal Sultanate's founding dynasty, the Ilyas Shahi, by Raja Ganesha. After diplomatic pressure from the Timurid and Ming empires and direct combat support of Shivasimha, the King of Mithila. Jaunpur's sultan Ibrahim Shah Sharqi was convinced to abstain from attacking Bengal.

Raja Ganesha
Raja Ganesha was a zamindar ruler and the first Hindu Sultan of the Bengal Sultanate, who took advantage of the weakness of the first Ilyas Shahi dynasty and seized power in Bengal. Contemporary historians of the medieval period considered him a usurper. The Ganesha dynasty founded by him ruled over Bengal from 1415 to 1435. His name is mentioned in the coins of his son, sultan Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah, as Kans Jha or Kans Shah. The Indo-Persian historians mentioned his name as Raja Kans or Kansi. A number of modern scholars identified him with Danujamardanadeva, but this identification is not universally accepted. In the Arakanese accounts and also in Bengal and Mithila history, it is noticed that Raja Ganesha, along with his friend, Shiva Simha Singh of Mithila had combined their forces and defeated Ibrahim Sharqi of Jaunpur Sultanate, who invaded Northern-Eastern India, which created Bengal-Jaunpur conflict.
4th North Midland Brigade, Royal Field Artillery
The 4th North Midland Brigade, sometimes known as the 'Derbyshire Howitzers', was a part-time unit of Britain's Royal Field Artillery created in 1908 as part of the Territorial Force. It served on the Western Front in the First World War. Reorganised between the wars, it was later converted to the anti-aircraft (AA) role. During the Second World War, part of the regiment served in the Siege of Malta but the rest was captured at the Fall of Tobruk. The reconstituted regiment served on in Anti-Aircraft Command until 1955 and as a unit of the Royal Engineers until 1967.

46th (North Midland) Division
The 46th (North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army, part of the Territorial Force, that saw service in the First World War. At the outbreak of the war in 1914, the 46th Division was commanded by Major-General Hon. Hon. E. J. Montagu-Stuart-Wortley. Originally called the North Midland Division, it was redesignated as the 46th Division in May 1915.
The Older Tour
The Older Tour was the third concert tour by American singer-songwriter Lizzy McAlpine in support of her third studio album, Older (2024). It began on April 21, 2024, in San Diego, and concluded on October 31, 2024, in Dublin, comprising 31 shows across North America, Europe and Oceania. A portion of ticket sales will be donated to LGBTQ Youth charity The Ally Coalition.

Lizzy McAlpine
Elizabeth Catherine McAlpine (born September 21, 1999) is an American singer-songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in the suburbs of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, McAlpine began gaining recognition by posting original songs and covers online on the platforms SoundCloud and YouTube.

In 2020, she released her debut studio album, Give Me a Minute, to critical acclaim. Her second album, Five Seconds Flat (2022), gave her her first appearance on both the U.S. Billboard 200 and the Billboard Hot 100, with the TikTok-viral single "Ceilings". Following her 2023 signing with RCA Records, McAlpine released her third studio album, Older, in 2024, which was supported by the lead single of the same name.

In 2025, McAlpine portrayed Nellie Collins in the Broadway premiere of Floyd Collins opposite Jeremy Jordan.
Han Xiu
Han Xiu (simplified Chinese: 韩休; traditional Chinese: 韓休; pinyin: Hán Xiū) (672–739), courtesy name Liangshi (良士), formally Viscount Wenzhong of Yiyang (宜陽文忠子), was a Chinese politician during the Tang dynasty, briefly serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. His wife was called Liu (died in 784). He was known for his bluntness and honesty.

Chancellor of the Tang dynasty
The chancellor, also known by its Chinese name as the zaixiang, was a semi-formal designation for a number of high-level officials during China's Tang dynasty. This list also includes chancellors of the short-lived Zhou dynasty of the empress Wu Zetian within the Tang.
BlackSpider Technologies Limited
BlackSpider Technologies Limited was a British software company founded in 2002 and subsequently acquired by SurfControl in July 2006.

The Company provided cloud computing services for filtering email spam and other malware.

SurfControl
SurfControl Plc., was a British software company based in Cheshire, England. The company provided website filtering, e-mail filtering and desktop security software for both enterprise and home users.

SurfControl was acquired by Websense on 3 October 2007. The purchase price was approximately £204 million ($416 million), including deferred compensation and stock option expense. Websense plans to continue the SurfControl business until at least 2011. On 2 April 2008, Websense sold CyberPatrol, the SurfControl parental control software product, to newly formed Internet safety software company CyberPatrol, LLC. According to Websense's quarterly report, they received $1.4 million in cash from the sale of CyberPatrol assets.

Prior to being acquired by Websense, SurfControl acquired a British cloud computing company called BlackSpider Technologies Limited in July 2006 for £19.5m in cash.
Dile al sol
Dile al sol is the debut album from Spanish pop rock band La Oreja de Van Gogh released by Sony Music Entertainment in May 1998.  The album was very successful in Spain, selling more than 800,000 copies there.

This first album was recorded in Madrid between the months of July and August 1997. The title track from this album was the one with which people began to know them, but it was not until the release of "Cuéntame al oído" that the band became a success.

La Oreja de Van Gogh
La Oreja de Van Gogh (Spanish pronunciation: [la oˈɾexa ðe βaŋ ˈɡoɣ]; English: "Van Gogh's Ear") is a pop band from San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. The lyrical themes of their songs typically include love, friendship and relationships. They have released 9 studio albums and have achieved commercial success with the singles "Puedes Contar Conmigo" (2003), "Rosas" (2003), "Muñeca de Trapo" (2006), "Dulce Locura" (2006), "El Último Vals" (2008), and "Inmortal" (2009).

The lead singer of the band is Amaia Montero, who was one of the band's founders in 1996 until she first left in 2007 (to pursue a solo career) and returned in 2025. From 2008 to 2024, the lead singer of the band was Leire Martínez. The band officially announced Montero's return as well as Benegas' temporary break on 15 October 2025. The band's lyrics and compositions are written primarily by Xabi San Martín as well as by Pablo Benegas.
GameCube – Game Boy Advance link cable
The GameCube Game Boy Advance cable is a video game accessory manufactured by Nintendo which is used to connect the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld console to the GameCube (GCN) home console. Depending on the games it is used with, the cable may facilitate transferring data between related games, unlocking additional content, or turning the GBA into a controller or second screen. The accessory is compatible with over 60 GameCube games.

Game Boy Player
The Game Boy Player is a GameCube peripheral developed by Nintendo which enables it to play Game Boy, Game Boy Color, and Game Boy Advance cartridges, allowing those games to be played on a television.

It connects via the high speed parallel port at the bottom of the GameCube and requires use of a boot disc to access the hardware. Rather than emulating a Game Boy system, the Game Boy Player uses physical hardware nearly identical to that of a Game Boy Advance. The device does not use the enhanced effects used by the Super Game Boy (a similar peripheral for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System). The peripheral received mainly positive reviews from critics.
Interphalangeal joints of the hand
The interphalangeal joints of the hand are the hinge joints between the phalanges of the fingers that provide flexion towards the palm of the hand.

There are two sets in each finger (except in the thumb, which has only one joint):

"proximal interphalangeal joints" (PIJ or PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges

"distal interphalangeal joints" (DIJ or DIP), those between the second (intermediate) and third (distal) phalanges

Anatomically, the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints are very similar. There are some minor differences in how the palmar plates are attached proximally and in the segmentation of the flexor tendon sheath, but the major differences are the smaller dimension and reduced mobility of the distal joint.

Metacarpophalangeal joint
The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges. Being condyloid, they allow the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction (see anatomical terms of motion) at the joint.
Bethphage
Bethphage (Ancient Greek: Βηθφαγή, romanized: Bēthpagḗ; Imperial Aramaic: בֵּית פַּגִּי, romanized: Bêṯ Paggî, lit. 'house of unripe figs') or Bethsphage, is a Christian religious site on the Mount of Olives east of  historical Jerusalem, now in the At-Tur neighbourhood of East Jerusalem.

The Synoptic Gospels mention Jesus stopping in Bethphage before his triumphal entry into Jerusalem. There is an annual Catholic Palm Sunday procession into Jerusalem, as there is a Greek Orthodox one (the respective feasts rarely fall on the same day), both beginning in Bethphage.

Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
The triumphal entry into Jerusalem is a narrative in the four canonical Gospels describing the arrival of Jesus in Jerusalem a few days before his crucifixion. This event is celebrated each year by Christians on Palm Sunday.

According to the gospels, Jesus arrived in Jerusalem to celebrate Passover, entering the city riding a donkey. He was greeted by a crowd acclaiming him by waving palm branches and laying cloaks on the ground to honor him. This episode introduces the events of the Passion of Jesus, leading to his crucifixion and resurrection. The event is described in Matthew 21:1–11, Mark 11:1–11, Luke 19:28–44 and John 12:12–19.
Musa ibn Nusayr
Musa ibn Nusayr (Arabic: موسى بن نصير Mūsá bin Nuṣayr; c. 640 – c. 716) was a general and governor who served under the Umayyad caliphs Abd al-Malik and Al-Walid I. He ruled over the Muslim province of Ifriqiya, and directed the Islamic conquest of the Maghreb as well as the Visigothic Kingdom that controlled the Iberian Peninsula and part of what is now southern France (Septimania).

Ifriqiya
Ifriqiya (Arabic: إفريقية, romanized: Ifrīqya, lit. 'Africa') was a medieval historical region comprising today's Tunisia, eastern Algeria, and Tripolitania (roughly western Libya), particularly the region between the sea and the edges of the Sahara. It included all of what had previously been the Byzantine province of Africa Proconsularis and extended beyond it, but did not include the Mauretanias.

Ifriqiya is bordered to the west by the Central Maghreb, with which the borders are fluid depending on the chroniclers and the era. For most of its early history, the capital of Ifriqiya was Qayrawan (Kairouan), but in some periods it moved to Mahdiya (Mahdia) and later it remained at Tunis.
Eddie Kulukundis
Sir Elias George Kulukundis (20 April 1932 – 17 February 2021) was a member of a Greek shipping family whose professional career spanned shipping and the theatre. He was married to British actress Susan Hampshire.

Susan Hampshire
Susan Hampshire, Lady Kulukundis (born 12 May 1937) is an English actress. She is a three-time Emmy Award winner, winning for the television dramas, The Forsyte Saga in 1970, The First Churchills in 1971, and for Vanity Fair in 1973. Her film credits include During One Night (1961), The Long Shadow (1961), The Three Lives of Thomasina (1963), Night Must Fall (1964), Wonderful Life (1964), The Fighting Prince of Donegal (1966), The Trygon Factor (1966), The Violent Enemy (1967), Malpertuis (1971), Living Free (1972), Neither the Sea Nor the Sand (1972) and Bang! (1977).

She is also known for her other television roles, such as The Pallisers (1974), The Grand (1997–98), and as Molly MacDonald in the long running BBC One drama Monarch of the Glen (2000–2005).
Steal the Show
"Steal The Show" is a song by American singer-songwriter Lauv, from the soundtrack to Pixar's 2023 film Elemental. The film's composer Thomas Newman and Michael Matosic respectively handled the music and lyrics with Lauv. The song plays during the montage of the dates of Ember Lumen and Wade Ripple, two of the main characters, respectively, as well as the end credits. It was released on June 2, 2023 as a single, two weeks before the film's release.

Lauv
Ari Staprans Leff (born August 8, 1994), known professionally as Lauv (/laʊv/), is an American singer best known for his breakout hit "I Like Me Better"; included on his compilation album I Met You When I Was 18 (The Playlist), which was released in 2018. His debut album, How I'm Feeling, was released on March 6, 2020, and debuted at number 16 on the US Billboard 200. Lauv has also written songs for other artists such as "Boys" by Charli XCX and "No Promises" by Cheat Codes and Demi Lovato.
Disequilibrium macroeconomics
Disequilibrium macroeconomics is a tradition of research centered on the role of deviation from equilibrium in economics. This approach is also known as non-Walrasian theory, equilibrium with rationing, the non-market clearing approach, and non-tâtonnement theory. Early work in the area was done by Don Patinkin, Robert W. Clower, and Axel Leijonhufvud. Their work was formalized into general disequilibrium models, which were very influential in the 1970s. American economists had mostly abandoned these models by the late 1970s, but French economists continued work in the tradition and developed fixprice models. Other approaches that focus on the dynamic processes and interactions in economic systems that are constantly changing and do not necessarily settle into a stable state are discussed as non-equilibrium economics.

Non-equilibrium economics
Non-equilibrium economics or out-of-equilibrium economics is a branch of economic theory that examines the behavior of economic agents and markets in situations where traditional approaches of economic equilibrium do not hold.
Khazar Correspondence
The Khazar Correspondence is a set  of documents, which are alleged to date from the 950s or 960s, and to be letters between Hasdai ibn Shaprut, foreign secretary to the Caliph of Cordoba, and Joseph Khagan of the Khazars. The correspondence is one of only a few documents attributed to a Khazar author, and potentially one of only a small number of primary sources on Khazar history.

Joseph's reply ostensibly gives both an account of the Khazar conversion to Judaism and of its progress in subsequent generations, as well as potentially showing that within a generation of the fall of the Khazar empire in 969, the Khazar state was still militarily powerful and received tribute from several polities.

The authenticity of the correspondence has occasionally been challenged, on the grounds that it allegedly has little in common with the otherwise attested chronology, language, borders and economy of the Khazars at the time, and has very little supporting archeological evidence.

Schechter Letter
The Schechter Letter, also called the Genizah Letter or Cambridge Document, was discovered in the Cairo Geniza by Solomon Schechter in 1912. It is an anonymous Khazar letter discussing several matters including the wars of the early 940s, involving the Byzantine Empire, the Khazar Khaganate, and Kievan Rus'. Scholars have debated its authenticity.
These are My Roots: Clifford Jordan Plays Leadbelly
These are My Roots: Clifford Jordan Plays Leadbelly is an album featuring jazz saxophonist Clifford Jordan performing tunes associated with Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter which was recorded in 1965 and released on the Atlantic label.

Clifford Jordan
Clifford Laconia Jordan (September 2, 1931 – March 27, 1993) was an American jazz tenor saxophone player and composer. Originally from Chicago, Jordan later moved to New York City, where he recorded extensively in addition to touring across both Europe and Africa. He recorded and performed with Art Farmer, Horace Silver, Max Roach, J.J. Johnson, and Kenny Dorham, among others. In later years, performed with Cedar Walton's quartet Eastern Rebellion, and led his own groups, including a big band.
Asparagaceae
Asparagaceae (/əsˌpærəˈɡeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis.  This family includes both common garden plants as well as common houseplants.  The garden plants include asparagus, yucca, bluebell, lily of the valley, and hosta, and the houseplants include snake plant, corn cane, spider plant, and plumosus fern.

The Asparagaceae is a morphologically heterogenous family with the included species varying widely in their appearance and growth form. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with genera and species contained in the family native to all continents except Antarctica.

Asparagus
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) or garden asparagus is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus Asparagus native to Eurasia. Widely cultivated as a vegetable crop, its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable.
Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), located near Narayangaon, Pune in India, is an array of thirty fully steerable parabolic radio telescopes of 45 metre diameter, observing at metre wavelengths. It is the largest and most sensitive radio telescope array in the world at low frequencies. It is operated by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics (NCRA), a part of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai. It was conceived and built under the direction of Govind Swarup during 1984 to 1996. It is an interferometric array with baselines of up to 25 kilometres (16 mi). It was recently upgraded with new receivers, after which it is also known as the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT).

Narayangaon
Narayangaon is a town in the Junnar taluka of the Pune district of Maharashtra state, India. Water is abundant because of its proximity to the major dams, the western ghats, and the Sahyadri mountain range.
Henry Home, Lord Kames
Henry Home, Lord Kames (1696–27 December 1782) was a Scottish writer, philosopher and judge who played a major role in Scotland's Agricultural Revolution. A central figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, he was a founding member of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh and active in The Select Society. Home acted as patron to some of the most influential thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, including philosopher David Hume, economist Adam Smith, writer James Boswell, philosopher William Cullen and naturalist John Walker.

John Walker (natural historian)
John Walker FRSE (1731–1803) was a Scottish minister and natural historian. He was Regius professor of natural history at the University of Edinburgh from 1779 to 1803. He was joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783 and moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1790.
T. Lindsay Galloway
Thomas Lindsay Galloway MA, FRSE. FGS, AMInst, MInstME (1854 – 22 September 1921). He was a civil and mining engineer, the coal master of Argyll Colliery, Campbeltown, Kintyre, and the author of several papers, lectures, designs and books.

Campbeltown
Campbeltown (/ˈkæmbəltən/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Chille Chiarain or Ceann Locha) is a town and former royal burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies by Campbeltown Loch on the Kintyre Peninsula. Campbeltown became an important centre for Scotch whisky, and a busy fishing port.

The 2018 population estimate was 4,600, indicating a reduction since the 2011 census.
Moog Music
Moog Music Inc. (/moʊɡ/ mohg) is an American synthesizer company based in Asheville, North Carolina. It was founded in 1953 as R. A. Moog Co. by Robert Moog and his father and was renamed Moog Music in 1972. Its early instruments included the Moog synthesizer (the first commercial synthesizer), followed by the Minimoog in 1970, both of which were highly influential electronic instruments.

In 1973, following a recession, Robert Moog sold Moog Music to Norlin Musical Instruments, where he remained employed as a designer until 1977. In 1978, he founded a new company, Big Briar. Moog Music filed for bankruptcy in 1987 and the Moog Music trademark was returned to Robert Moog in 2002, when Big Briar resumed operations under the name Moog Music. In June 2023, Moog Music was acquired by inMusic.

Moog Music also managed Moogfest, a pioneering electronic music and music technology festival in Durham, North Carolina.

Moogfest
Moogfest was a music and technology festival held in Durham, North Carolina, that honored engineer Robert Moog and his inventions. It was first held in New York City, and after a hiatus took place in Asheville, North Carolina, for five years before moving to Durham.

The multi-day event features performances by artists who use Moog instruments as well as others whose work is influenced by Bob Moog. It also includes interactive experiences, visual art exhibitions, installations, film screenings, panel discussions, and workshops..
The Secret Life of the Zoo
The Secret Life of the Zoo is a British documentary programme produced by Blast! Films on behalf of Channel 4. The series is filmed on location at Chester Zoo in the North West of England, and focuses on the behaviour of the animals at the zoo and their relationships with the keepers. The first five series were narrated by Olivia Colman. Actress Tamsin Greig took over narration from the sixth series.

Tamsin Greig
Tamsin Margaret Mary Greig (/ˈtæmzɪn ˈɡrɛɡ/; born 12 July 1966) is a British actress. She is known for both dramatic and comedic roles. She played Fran Katzenjammer in the Channel 4 sitcom Black Books, Dr Caroline Todd in the Channel 4 sitcom Green Wing, Beverly Lincoln in British–American sitcom Episodes and Jackie Goodman in the Channel 4 sitcom Friday Night Dinner. Other roles include Alice Chenery in BBC One's comedy-drama series Love Soup, Debbie Aldridge in BBC Radio 4's soap opera The Archers, Miss Bates in the 2009 BBC version of Jane Austen's Emma, and Beth Hardiment in the 2010 film version of Tamara Drewe. In 2020, Greig starred as Anne Trenchard in Julian Fellowes' ITV series Belgravia.

Greig is also a stage actress: she won a Laurence Olivier Award in 2007 for Much Ado About Nothing and received nominations in 2011 and 2015 for her roles in The Little Dog Laughed and Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown.