hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castilian attack on Gravesend
The forces of Juan I of Castile attacked Gravesend in the summer of 1380. During the raid on the town, the Castilian admiral Fernando Sánchez de Tovar ordered soldiers to loot the town and set it ablaze. The attacks were part of the Hundred Years' War, and led to concerns for the safety of London, just 20 miles away.

Gravesend
Gravesend /ˌɡreɪvzˈɛnd/ is a town in northwest Kent, England, situated 21 miles (35 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross (central London) on the south bank of the River Thames, opposite Tilbury in Essex. Located in the Diocese of Rochester, it is the administrative centre of the borough of Gravesham. Gravesend marks the eastern limit of the Greater London Built-up Area, as defined by the UK Office for National Statistics. It had a population of 58,102 in 2021.

Its geographical situation has given Gravesend strategic importance throughout the maritime and communications history of South East England. A Thames Gateway commuter town, it retains strong links with the River Thames, not least through the Port of London Authority Pilot Station, and has witnessed rejuvenation since the advent of High Speed 1 rail services via Gravesend railway station. The station was recently refurbished and has a new bridge.
Crumpsall Park
Crumpsall Park is a small municipal park in the Crumpsall ward of Manchester, North West England.

Originally planned as a cemetery, the plot was made into a recreational park in 1890 CE.

The area in which the park is located was the site of the residence of the Chetham family - known as Crumpsall Hall - the earlier Crumpsall Old Hall was situated at the junction of Sandy Lane (now Crescent Road) and Cheetham Street, (now Humphrey Street) and this was the birthplace of Humphrey Chetham.

The park has been awarded the Green Flag Award for recreational park excellence annually since 2005.

A voluntary organisation known as the Friends of Crumpsall Park (FoCP) serves as a pressure group, events organiser and development monitor for the park, and works in liaison with Manchester City Council and other funding bodies.

The main event of the year is the annual Crumpsall Carnival.

53°30′57″N 2°14′01″W﻿ / ﻿53.51583°N 2.23361°W﻿ / 53.51583; -2.23361

Humphrey Chetham
Humphrey Chetham (10 July 1580 – 20 September 1653) was an English textile merchant, financier and philanthropist, responsible for the creation of Chetham's Hospital and Chetham's Library, the oldest public library in the English-speaking world.
Sylven Landesberg
Sylven Joshua Landesberg (Hebrew: סילבן לנדסברג; born April 10, 1990) is an American-Israeli-Austrian professional basketball player for Klosterneuburg Dukes in the Austrian Basketball Superliga. Standing at 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m), he plays at the shooting guard and small forward positions.

He was a 2008 McDonald's High School All American and 2008 New York State Mr. Basketball in high school, and 2008–09 ACC Freshman of the Year for the University of Virginia Cavaliers. He played for Maccabi Haifa in Israel from 2010–12, and with Maccabi Tel Aviv from 2012–17, winning the EuroLeague in 2014.

Maccabi Haifa B.C.
Maccabi Haifa Basketball Club is a professional basketball club based in Haifa, Israel. It is the basketball section of the Maccabi Haifa association. The team currently competes in the Liga Leumit (the second tier of Israeli basketball). The team plays their home games in the Romema Arena, which can seat up to 5,000 spectators.
Marcos Ramírez de Prado y Ovando
Marcos Ramírez de Prado y Ovando O.F.M. (April 24, 1592 – May 14, 1667) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Mexico (1666–1667), Bishop of Michoacán (1639–1666), and Bishop of Chiapas (1632–1639).

Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas
The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Christophori de las Casas) (erected 19 March 1539 as the Diocese of Chiapas, renamed 27 October 1964) is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Tuxtla. Its see is in San Cristóbal de las Casas in Chiapas. In November 2017 Rodrigo Aguilar Martínez was appointed new bishop on the resignation of Bishop Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel.
Jan Góra
Jan Wojciech Góra OP (8 February 1948 – 21 December 2015) was a Dominican Roman Catholic priest, Doctor of Theology, academic and chaplain. Since 1997, he had been the organiser of the Polish Youth Meeting Lednica 2000 at the Lednica Fields and the Primate Days in Prudnik dedicated to the cardinal Stefan Wyszyński. Animator for the academic chaplaincy centre "Respublica Dominicana" in Jamna. Author of numerous books and articles.

Lednica 2000
The Poland-wide Youth Meeting Lednica 2000 (known as Lednica) is an annual gathering of Polish Catholic youth, organized  near Gniezno in Pola Lednickie (near the Lednica lake, which is believed to be the place where the first Polish monarch, Mieszko I was baptized in 966). It is the largest regular religious youth meeting in the world (with exception of those attended by the Pope).

Lednica gatherings were initiated in 1997 by the Poznań-based Dominican friar Jan Góra. Since then, they are organized every year and always take place on the first Saturday of June.

Pope John Paul II sent an annual special message to participants of Lednica. This tradition was continued by his successor, Benedict XVI. After his papal resignation, the tradition is continued by pope Francis.
William Edward Thomas Morgan
Reverend William Edward Thomas Morgan (1847–1940) was a 19th-century Welsh Anglican priest. He was vicar at the pre-conquest church of St. Eigon, Llanigon, Wales.

St. Eigon is in the Greater Brecon Deanery, in the Diocese of Swansea and Brecon, in the Church in Wales (an independent member of the Anglican Communion). Before 1923, the diocese was in the Archdeaconry of Brecon within the Diocese of St Davids.

Llanigon
Llanigon is a village and community in Powys, Wales on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park, north of the Black Mountains, Wales. The community population was  478. The nearest town is Hay-on-Wye, some 1.5 miles (2 km) to the east. It is in the historic county of Brecknockshire.
Small Craft on a Milk Sea
Small Craft on a Milk Sea is a 2010 album by British musician and record producer Brian Eno. The album—his debut with Warp—was released in Japan on 19 October 2010, in the United States on 2 November, and the United Kingdom on 15 November. The album was recorded with collaborators Jon Hopkins and Leo Abrahams in 2009 and 2010 and was released in several formats, including compact disc, digital download, a box set featuring the album on compact disc, vinyl, and download, a bonus CD with four extra tracks and a lithograph by Eno, and another box set with all of the previous media and a 12" square silkscreen print by Eno and a copper plate.

Jon Hopkins
Jonathan Julian Hopkins (born 15 August 1979) is an English electronic musician and producer. He began his career playing keyboards for Imogen Heap, and he has produced and contributed to albums by Brian Eno, Coldplay, and David Holmes, among others.

Hopkins composed the soundtrack to the 2010 film Monsters, which was nominated for an Ivor Novello Award for Best Original Score. His third studio album, Insides, reached No. 15 on the US Dance/Electronic Albums chart in 2009. His collaborations on Small Craft on a Milk Sea with Brian Eno and Leo Abrahams and Diamond Mine with King Creosote both reached No. 82 on the UK Albums Chart. His albums Diamond Mine (2011) and Immunity (2013) were both nominated for the Mercury Prize. His fifth studio record, Singularity, received a Grammy nomination for Best Dance/Electronic Album in December 2018. Hopkins's sixth studio album, Music for Psychedelic Therapy, was released on 12 November 2021.
Hernando Tejada
Hernando Tejada Sáenz (February 1, 1924 in Pereira, Colombia – June 1, 1998 in Cali, Colombia), was a Colombian painter and sculptor. His most well-known sculpture, El Gato del Río, is a famous landmark of Cali, Colombia.

Women and cats were common themes in his works. In his later years, another theme was the inclusion of mangroves and their surrounding environment.

Hernando Tejada received the nickname of Tejadita, a diminutive of his last name, which alluded to the artist's relatively short stature of 1.50 meters tall.

El Gato del Río
El Gato del Río ("The River Cat") is a sculpture by Colombian artist Hernando Tejada. The sculpture was inaugurated on July 3, 1996 and is located on the side of the Cali River in Cali, Colombia. Over time, it has turned into a famous landmark of the city along with the monument to Sebastián de Belalcázar and Cristo Rey.

Today the area near the sculpture has turned into a park with cat sculptures by several artists known as the Parque El Gato De Tejada or the "Cat Park".
For Those Who Think Young (film)
For Those Who Think Young is a 1964 beach party film shot in Techniscope, directed by Leslie H. Martinson and featuring James Darren, Pamela Tiffin, Paul Lynde, Tina Louise, Bob Denver, Nancy Sinatra in her film debut, Robert Middleton, Ellen Burstyn (billed as Ellen McRae), Claudia Martin and Woody Woodbury.

Woody Woodbury
Robert Dennis "Woody" Woodbury (born February 9, 1924) is an American comedian, actor, television personality and talk show host. He is known for his best-selling comedy albums of risqué stories, most of which were released in the early 1960s. He was among the first standup comedians to receive a gold record.
All Fowled Up
All Fowled Up is a 1955 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes animated short film directed by Robert McKimson. The cartoon was released on February 19, 1955 and features Foghorn Leghorn, Henery Hawk and the Barnyard Dawg.

Henery Hawk
Henery Hawk is an American cartoon character who appears in twelve comedy film shorts produced in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series. His first appearance is in the 1942 theatrical release The Squawkin' Hawk, which was directed by Chuck Jones and produced by Leon Schlesinger. Henery's second screen appearance, one directed by Robert McKimson, is in Walky Talky Hawky (1946), which also features the characters Foghorn Leghorn and Barnyard Dawg in their first cartoon roles. The last Warner Brothers theatrical short to showcase the little chickenhawk is the 1961 release Strangled Eggs in which he co-stars again with Foghorn Leghorn as well as with another popular character of that period, Miss Prissy. Following that production, Henery continued to be seen periodically in other animated presentations such as The Looney Tunes Show and Looney Tunes Cartoons.
Sint-Niklaas
Sint-Niklaas (Dutch: [ˌsɪnt nɪˈklaːs] ⓘ; French: Saint-Nicolas, [sɛ̃ nikɔla]) is a Belgian city and municipality located in the Flemish province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Sint-Niklaas proper and the towns of Belsele, Nieuwkerken-Waas, and Sinaai.

Sint-Niklaas is the capital and major city of the Waasland region straddling the East Flanders and Antwerp provinces.  The city is known for having the largest market square in Belgium. At one point this square also boasted the largest Christmas tree, and the largest easter egg in Europe.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Chicago Shakespeare Theater
Chicago Shakespeare Theater (CST) is a non-profit, professional theater company located at Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois.  Its more than six hundred annual performances performed 48 weeks of the year include its critically acclaimed Shakespeare series, its World's Stage touring productions, and youth education and family oriented programming.  The theater had garnered 77 Joseph Jefferson awards and three Laurence Olivier Awards. In 2008, it was the winner of the Regional Theatre Tony Award.

Founded in 1986 in a pub, in 1999 the CST moved to a purpose-built seven-story theater complex on Navy Pier, where it has a main 500 seat space called the Courtyard, and the 200 seat Theater Upstairs.  In 2017, it expanded on the pier into a connected three-theater-campus with the addition of The Yard, a flexible space that allows for versatile arrangements from 150 seats to 850 seats and from proscenium to in-the-round.

Navy Pier
Navy Pier is a 3,300-foot-long (1,010 m) pier on the shoreline of Lake Michigan, located in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community area in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The pier encompasses over 50 acres (20 ha) of shops, restaurants, live theaters, family attractions, parks (including Polk Bros Park), gardens, and exhibition facilities. Navy Pier is one of the top destinations in the Midwestern United States, drawing over nine million visitors annually. It is one of the most visited attractions in the Midwestern United States, and is Chicago's second most visited tourist attraction.
Moshe ben Yonatan Galante
Moshe ben Yonatan Galante (Hebrew: משה גאלנטי; 1621 – 4 February 1689 Jerusalem), grandson of Moshe Galante, was a 17th-century rabbi at Jerusalem. He served as the first Rishon Le'Zion and was called Magen (מגן) with reference to the initials of his name. Hezekiah da Silva was among his disciples.

He wrote Zebaḥ ha-Shelamim, a harmonisation of contradictory Biblical passages and of Biblical with Talmudical statements (edited by his grandson Moses Ḥagis, Amsterdam, 1707–08), and Ḳorban Ḥagigah, halakic and kabalistic novellæ (Venice, 1714).  Some of his responsa are found in the works of contemporaries, and a volume of his responsa exists under the title Elef ha-Magen, but has never been published (as of 1906).

Moses Hagiz
Moses Hagiz (1671 – c. 1750) (Hebrew: משה חגיז) was a Talmudic scholar, rabbi and writer born in Jerusalem during the time of the Old Yishuv. He was also one of the most prominent and influential Jewish leaders in 17th-century Amsterdam. During Hagiz's lifetime, there was an overall decline in rabbinic authority which was the result of migration and assimilation, and Hagiz devoted his career to restoring rabbinic authority. His most prominent talent was as a polemicist, and he campaigned ceaselessly against Jewish heresy in an attempt to unify the rabbinate.
Midland Railway (Georgia)
The Midland Railway was founded in 1915 by George M. Brinson.  The railroad had planned to build a line from Savannah to Stevens Crossing, Georgia, USA to connect with the Georgia and Florida Railway.  By the start of 1916, the railroad had built from Savannah to Statesboro and later purchased the Savannah, Augusta and Northern Railway to complete the line.  In 1922 the railroad was facing bankruptcy and the line from Statesboro to Savannah was abandoned the next year.  The remainder of the Midland Railway line was leased by the Georgia and Florida Railway in 1924. The company also was reorganized as the Statesboro Northern Railway in 1924.

Statesboro Northern Railway
The Statesboro Northern Railway began operating in 1924 on 44 miles of former Midland Railway between Statesboro, Georgia and Stevens Crossing, Georgia. It was immediately leased by the Georgia and Florida Railway, and was completely abandoned in 1950.
Bhaji in Problem
Bhaji in Problem is a 2013 Indian Punjabi-language comedy film directed by Smeep Kang, who had earlier directed films like Carry on Jatta and Lucky Di Unlucky Story, both of which featured Gippy Grewal in the lead role. Grewal also appears in this film, with an ensemble cast including Ragini Khanna, Gurpreet Ghuggi, B. N. Sharma, Karamjit Anmol, Japji Khaira, Khushboo Grewal and Misha Bajwa, amongst others. The film is produced by Ashvini Yardi. Bollywood actor Akshay Kumar, who also appears in the film briefly as a lookalike of himself. The film also features actor Om Puri and cricketer Harbhajan Singh. Bhaji in Problem was released on 15 November 2013 on over 600 screens worldwide.

Ragini Khanna
Ragini Khanna (born 9 December 1984) is an Indian film and television actress, model, comedian, singer and television host. She has hosted various reality shows, such as India's Best Dramebaaz (2013) and Gangs of Haseepur (2014). She is best known for her role as Bharti in Bhaskar Bharti and Suhana Kashyap in Sasural Genda Phool. She was a contestant on Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 4 in 2010. She also appeared in Comedy Nights with Kapil portraying many characters.
Death Over Shanghai
Death Over Shanghai (German: Tod über Shanghai) is a 1932 German thriller film directed by Rolf Randolf and starring Gerda Maurus, Else Elster and Theodor Loos. The Chinese Ministry of Education requested that the German government have the film destroyed because they had received reports that it "ridiculed China and the Chinese people".

The film's sets were designed by the art director Heinrich Richter. Location filming took place on the Halligen of the North Sea.

Gerda Maurus
Gerda Maurus (25 August 1903 – 31 July 1968) was an Austrian actress.

She was of Croatian descent and initially made her name on stage in Vienna. While performing in the theatre, she was discovered by the director Fritz Lang during a visit to his native city. Lang cast her in the female lead in his silent thriller film Spione (1928) and she appeared in a number of German films during the Weimar and Nazi eras.
Mark O'Rourke
Mark William O'Rourke (born July 7, 1962, in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island) is a Canadian curler.

In 1989, playing second for Robert Campbell, O'Rourke won the Canadian Mixed Curling Championship. O'Rourke has been to the Brier on 13 occasions (1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2020). He played second for Campbell in all of the Briers until 2006 except 1996 (alternate for Peter MacDonald) and 2001 (second for MacDonald). In 2007 and 2008 he was second for Peter Gallant, in 2009 he played lead for Rod MacDonald and in 2010 was his second.

In 2020, O'Rourke joined the Bryan Cochrane rink as lead, as the only resident Islander. The team, which also included PEI-natives (but Ontario residents) Ian MacAulay and Morgan Currie won the 2020 PEI Tankard and represented Prince Edward Island at the 2020 Tim Hortons Brier.

Bryan Cochrane
Bryan Cochrane (born October 9, 1957 in Winchester, Ontario) is a Canadian curler from Russell, Ontario. Cochrane is most notable for winning the 2019 World Senior Curling Championships for Canada, and skipping team Ontario at the 2003 Nokia Brier and later team PEI at the 2020 Tim Hortons Brier.
Night Owl (James Taylor song)
"Night Owl" is a song written by James Taylor that was originally released as a single by Taylor's band the Flying Machine, which also included Danny Kortchmar in 1967.  Taylor later rerecorded a solo version of the song for his Apple Records debut album James Taylor in 1968.  Subsequently, the Flying Machine version was released on the album James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine.  It has also been covered by such artists as Alex Taylor, Carly Simon and Anne Murray.

James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine
James Taylor and the Original Flying Machine is an archival release of 1966 recordings of American singer-songwriter James Taylor's band The Flying Machine (not to be confused with The Flying Machine of "Smile a Little Smile for Me" fame from 1969), first released in February 1971.
Yesterday's Hero
Yesterday's Hero is a 1979 British drama film directed by Neil Leifer and starring Ian McShane, Adam Faith, Paul Nicholas and Suzanne Somers.  It also features Glynis Barber and Emma Samms in early performances and Cary Elwes in his film debut. The screenplay was by novelist Jackie Collins, but was an original work and not based on one of her books.

Glynis Barber
Glynis Barber (born Glynis van der Riet; 25 October 1955) is a South African-British actress. She is known for her portrayals of Sgt. Harriet Makepeace in the British police drama Dempsey and Makepeace, Glenda Mitchell in EastEnders, DCI Grace Barraclough in Emmerdale, Norma Crow in Hollyoaks, Fiona Brake in Night and Day, and Soolin in Blake's 7.
Frazier Chorus
Frazier Chorus were an English pop group from Brighton, England. They were known for their unconventional instrumentation, including synthesizers, trumpets, flutes and clarinets, as well as frontman Tim Freeman's "soft, heavily accented ... talk-singing" and sarcastically witty lyrics.

Client (band)
Client (frequently stylised as CLIEͶT) are an English electronic music group from London, formed in 2002. They are most popular in Germany where they have had limited commercial success. They typically combine airline hostess uniforms or shiny fetish fashion outfits with glamour-girl aesthetics and harsh electronics to create a sound reminiscent of early forays into electronic sound manipulation and new wave. Their uniforms have become their trademark.
Dinakara Desai
Dinakara Desai was a poet, writer, educationist, and political activist. He was famous for his poetry form called chutuka (also known as Chutuka Brahma). Chutuka or chutuku is a quadraplet poem. This format was later adopted by other poets. He made major contributions towards the literary development of the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka.

Uttara Kannada
Uttara Kannada is the fifth largest district in the Indian state of Karnataka, It is bordered by the state of Goa and Belagavi districts to the north, Dharwad District and Haveri District to the east, Shivamogga District, and Udupi District to the south, and the Laccadive Sea to the west. Karwar is the district headquarters, and Sirsi is the major commercial center in the district.
The district's agroclimatic divisions include the coastal plain consisting of Karwar, Ankola, Kumta, Honnavar, Bhatkal taluks and Malenadu consisting of Sirsi, Siddapur, Yellapur, Haliyal, Dandeli, Joida, Mundgod taluks.
Battle of Kafr El Dawwar
The Battle of Kafr El Dawwar was a conflict during the Anglo-Egyptian War near Kafr El Dawwar, Egypt.  The battle took place between an Egyptian army, headed by Ahmed ‘Urabi, and British forces headed by Sir Archibald Alison. As a result, the British abandoned any hope they may have had of reaching Cairo from the north, and shifted their base of operations to Ismailia instead.

Anglo-Egyptian War
The British conquest of Egypt, also known as the 2nd Anglo-Egyptian War (Arabic: الاحتلال البريطاني لمصر, romanized: al-iḥtilāl al-Brīṭānī li-Miṣr, lit. 'British occupation of Egypt'), occurred in 1882 between Egyptian and Sudanese forces under Ahmed ‘Urabi and the United Kingdom. It ended a nationalist uprising against the Khedive Tewfik Pasha. It established firm British influence over Egypt at the expense of the Egyptians, the French, and the Ottoman Empire, whose already weak authority became nominal.
Kara-Suu District
Kara-Suu (Kyrgyz: Кара-Суу району, romanized: Kara-Suu rayonu) is a district of Osh Region in south-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 3,616 square kilometres (1,396 sq mi), and its resident population was 448,608 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at the city Kara-Suu.

Kara-Suu
Kara-Suu (Kyrgyz: Кара-Суу, lit. 'Black Water') is a town in Osh Region, Kyrgyzstan, in the Fergana Valley. The town is 23 km northeast of Osh and is the capital of Kara-Suu District. Its population was 26,609 in 2021. It is a major industrial and trade center, on the border with Uzbekistan. On the other side of the border is the town Qorasuv.