hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galvanic cell
A galvanic cell or voltaic cell, named after the scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, respectively, is an electrochemical cell in which an electric current is generated from spontaneous oxidation–reduction reactions. An example of a galvanic cell consists of two different metals, each immersed in separate beakers containing their respective metal ions in solution that are connected by a salt bridge or separated by a porous membrane.

Volta is the inventor of the voltaic pile, the first electrical battery. Common usage of the word battery has evolved to include a single galvanic cell, but the first batteries had many galvanic cells.

Luigi Galvani
Luigi Galvani (/ɡælˈvɑːni/ gal-VAH-nee, US also /ɡɑːl-/ gahl-, Italian: [luˈiːdʒi ɡalˈvaːni]; Latin: Aloysius Galvanus; 9 September 1737 – 4 December 1798) was an Italian physician, physicist, biologist and philosopher who studied animal electricity. In 1780, using a frog, he discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark.: 67–71  This was an early study of bioelectricity, following experiments by John Walsh and Hugh Williamson.
Mike Buss
Michael Alan Buss (born 24 January 1944) is an English former cricketer who played for Sussex from 1961 to 1978. He also played four seasons in South Africa in the 1970s, representing Orange Free State. He appeared in 316 first-class matches as a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium and slow left-arm orthodox.  He scored 11,996 runs with a highest score of 159 among eleven centuries and took 547 wickets with a best performance of seven for 58. Tony Buss, who also played for Sussex, is his brother.

Buss was a member of the MCC Under-25 team that toured Pakistan in 1966–67. He replaced Neal Abberley, who had to return home after an injury in the early part of the tour.

Tony Buss
Antony Buss (born 1 September 1939) is an English former cricketer who played for Sussex from 1958 to 1974. He appeared in 310 first-class matches as a right-arm fast-medium bowler and tail-end right-handed batsman. He took 958 wickets with a best performance of eight for 23, and scored 4,415 runs with a highest score of 83. Mike Buss, who also played for Sussex, is his brother.
Saint Ilar
A Saint Ilar ([iːlɑr]; Latin: Hilarus or Elerius) is listed among the 6th-century saints of Wales and is the probable namesake of Llanilar in Ceredigion and its former hundred of Ilar. His feast day is variously given as 13, 14, or 15 January, but is no longer observed by either the Anglican or Catholic church in Wales.

Llanilar
Llanilar (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˈɪlar]) is a village and community in Ceredigion, Wales, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southeast of Aberystwyth. It is the eponym of the hundred of Ilar. The population at the 2011 census was 1,085. The community includes Rhos-y-garth.
Mabel Keyes Babcock
Mabel Keyes Babcock (May 20, 1862 – December 3, 1931) was one of America's early women landscape architects. She taught at Wellesley College and the Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture before going on to become Dean of Women Students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture
The Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture  is the shorthand name for a school that was founded in Groton, Massachusetts in 1901 for women to be trained in landscape architecture and horticulture. Under its original name of  Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture, Gardening, and Horticulture for Women, the college was one of the first in the world to open the profession to women. In 1915 it was renamed the Lowthorpe School of Landscape Architecture for Women, and in 1945 it was absorbed into the Rhode Island School of Design as the Lowthorpe Department of Landscape Architecture.
Clarence Carter
Clarence George Carter (born January 14, 1936) is an American singer, songwriter, musician and record producer. His most successful songs include "Slip Away", "Back Door Santa" (both released 1968), "Patches" (1970) and "Strokin'" (1986).

Back Door Santa
"Back Door Santa" is a funk-style song recorded by Clarence Carter, which Atlantic Records released as a single in 1968.  In an artist biography, it is described as "a superbly funky Christmas single" and "raunchy". The song was included on an Atco various artists compilation album Soul Christmas (1968).

"Back Door Santa" has been recorded by several artists and Run-D.M.C. sampled it for "Christmas in Hollis". The lyrics include:

They call me backdoor Santa
I make my runs about the break of day
I make all the little girls happy
While the boys go out to play
Characteristic class
In mathematics, a characteristic class is a way of associating to each principal bundle of X a cohomology class of X. The cohomology class measures the extent to which the bundle is "twisted" and whether it possesses sections. Characteristic classes are global invariants that measure the deviation of a local product structure from a global product structure. They are one of the unifying geometric concepts in algebraic topology, differential geometry, and algebraic geometry.

The notion of characteristic class arose in 1935 in the work of Eduard Stiefel and Hassler Whitney about vector fields on manifolds.

Pontryagin class
In mathematics, the Pontryagin classes, named after Lev Pontryagin, are certain characteristic classes of real vector bundles. The Pontryagin classes lie in cohomology groups with degrees a multiple of four.
Bell 407
The Bell 407 is a four-blade, single-engine, civil utility helicopter. A derivative of the Bell 206L-4 LongRanger, the 407 uses the four-blade, soft-in-plane design rotor with composite hub developed for the United States Army's OH-58D Kiowa Warrior instead of the two-blade, semi-rigid, teetering rotor of the 206L-4.

Bell 427
The Bell 427 is a twin-engine, multirole, light utility helicopter designed and manufactured by Bell Helicopter and Samsung Aerospace Industries (now Korea Aerospace Industries). It has been replaced in production by the larger Bell 429.
Picture This (Do or Die album)
Picture This is the debut studio album by American hip hop group Do or Die. It was released on September 3, 1996, via Rap-A-Lot Records. The recording sessions took place at Creator's Way Studios in Chicago and at Lil J Studio in Houston. The album was produced by the Legendary Traxster, Mike Dean and Crazy C, with J. Prince serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Twista and Johnny P.

The album peaked at number 27 on the Billboard 200 and number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The album featured the hit single, "Po Pimp", which peaked at number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot Rap Singles.

The Legendary Traxster
Samuel Lindley (born July 14, 1973), better known by his stage name the Legendary Traxster, is an American songwriter, rapper and record producer. He is best known as a producer for hip hop artist Twista and group Do or Die.

Lindley is the owner of Traxster Inc. and co-CEO of CWAL Records. In 2017, he launched Nothing But Dope, an imprint distributed through Priority Records. He is also one half of the hip hop duo House Lindley, which is composed of him and his wife Latia "Tia London" Lindley.
Buje
Buje (Italian: Buie; Venetian: Buje) is a town situated in Istria, Croatia's westernmost peninsula.

Buje was known as the "sentinel of Istria" for its hilltop site located 10 km (6.2 mi) inland from the Adriatic Sea.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Tom Wylie (footballer, born 1896)
Thomas Wylie (born 14 March 1896) was a professional footballer who played for Queen of the South, Blackburn Rovers and Swindon Town.

A left back from Darvel in Ayrshire, Wylie joined Queens from Galston in August 1920 (neither were Scottish Football League members at that time) and made nine appearances and scored three goals for the club before he joined Blackburn Rovers in February 1921. He was the last of three players to make such a move in a short time frame, after Jimmy McKinnell and Willie McCall. This (along with the transfer of Ian Dickson to Aston Villa) helped fund the Dumfries club's purchase of Palmerston Park.

Wylie left Blackburn in 1926 after 174 Football League First Division appearances and 17 in the FA Cup. He had a short spell with neighbouring Darwen, then joined Swindon Town; he remained in Wiltshire until 1930 when he returned to Ayrshire and appeared for Junior sides Beith and Irvine Meadow.

Ian Dickson (footballer)
Ian William Dickson (30 April 1901 – 1956) was a Scottish professional footballer whose played as a forward. He played for Queen of the South, Aston Villa and Middlesbrough. He was the grandfather of another Ian Dickson, the Australian television and radio personality.
Kingston Mills
Kingston Mills is a community within the City of Kingston, Ontario, Canada, located approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of downtown Kingston at the outlet of Colonel By Lake where the CN mainline railway crosses the Cataraqui River. It has the southernmost of 24 lockstations in the Rideau Canal system, a National Historic Site and World Heritage Site managed and operated by Parks Canada.

Cataraqui River
The Cataraqui River (/ˌkætəˈrɒkweɪ/ KAT-ə-ROK-way) forms the lower portion of the Rideau Canal and drains into Lake Ontario at Kingston, Ontario.  The name is taken from the original name for Kingston, Ontario; its exact meaning, however, is undetermined. Early maps showed several name variations including the Great Cataraqui River and Grand River Cataraquay. The river was once called Riviere de Frontenac, or Frontenac River. The alternate spelling "Cadaraqui" also appears in some historic texts.

A portion of the Cataraqui River that significantly widens north from Charon Point is also known as River Styx.

The Cataraqui Region Conservation Authority administers water management concerns within the Cataraqui River watershed.
Livewire (DC Comics)
Livewire is a supervillain appearing in multimedia produced by DC Entertainment, and American comic books published by DC Comics. Created for Superman: The Animated Series, the character appeared in March 1997 in Superman Adventures #5 (based on the animated series). Her first mainstream comic book appearance was in DC Comics' Action Comics #835 (March 2006).

In animation, the character was voiced by Lori Petty in Superman: The Animated Series and The New Batman Adventures, and by Maria Canals-Barrera in Justice League. In live-action, she has been portrayed by Anna Mae Routledge in Smallville and Brit Morgan in the Arrowverse series Supergirl.

Justice League (TV series)
Justice League is an American animated superhero television series, which aired on Cartoon Network from November 17, 2001, to May 29, 2004. The show was produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is based on the Justice League of America and associated comic book characters published by DC Comics. It serves as a sequel to Batman: The Animated Series (including The New Batman Adventures) and Superman: The Animated Series, as well as a prequel to Batman Beyond, and is the seventh series of the DC Animated Universe. The series ended after two seasons, but was followed by Justice League Unlimited, a successor series which aired for three seasons.
Lady of Vengeance
Lady of Vengeance is a 1957 British second feature ('B') film noir crime film directed by Burt Balaban and starring Dennis O'Keefe, Ann Sears, Anton Diffring and Patrick Barr. It was written by Irve Tunick.

Anton Diffring
Anton Diffring (born Alfred Pollack; 20 October 1916 – 19 May 1989) was a German actor. He had an extensive film and television career in the United Kingdom from the 1940s to the 1980s, latterly appearing in international films. Primarily a character actor, he often played Nazi officers in World War II films and villains in horror films, and other antagonistic authority figures.
Fadrique Enríquez (died 1473)
Fadrique Enríquez de Mendoza (1390 – 23 December 1473) was the second Admiral of Castile, Count of Melgar and Rueda, and second Lord of Medina del Rioseco. He was a son of Alonso Enríquez, the first admiral of Castile.

Marina Fernández de Córdoba
Marina Fernández de Córdoba y Ayala (c. 1394 – 1431), also known as Marina de Ayala Córdoba y Toledo, was the fourth Lady of Casarrubios del Monte in the province of Toledo.  She was the daughter of Diego Fernández de Córdoba y Carrillo, first Lord of Baena, and Inés Ayala y Toledo, third Lady of Casarrubios del Monte.
Terrence C. Carson
Terrence "T.C." Carson (born November 19, 1958) is an American actor known for his performances across television, film, stage, and video games. He is best known for portraying Kyle Barker on the Fox sitcom, Living Single, and is the original voice of Kratos in the God of War video game series, playing the role from 2005 to 2013 before returning in 2026. Additionally, Carson lent his voice to Mace Windu in various Star Wars media, including Star Wars: The Clone Wars.

Mace Windu
Mace Windu is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. He was introduced in the prequel trilogy as a Jedi Master who sits on the Jedi High Council during the final years of the Galactic Republic. He is portrayed by Samuel L. Jackson in all three prequel films. Windu also appears in the 2008 animated film The Clone Wars, the television series of the same name, and in novels, comics, and video games.

Windu wields a unique purple-bladed lightsaber, and is regarded as one of the most powerful Jedi of his time, second only to Yoda. During the Clone Wars, Windu becomes a Jedi General. He initially believes that Anakin Skywalker should not be trained as a Jedi, which leads to an antagonistic relationship between the two. Windu later participates in denying Anakin the rank of Jedi Master. Anakin eventually betrays Windu to protect the Sith Lord Darth Sidious, who subsequently kills Windu.
Children of Blood and Bone (film)
Children of Blood and Bone is an upcoming American fantasy film directed by Gina Prince-Bythewood, who co-wrote the screenplay with Tomi Adeyemi, based on the 2018 novel by Adeyemi. The film stars Thuso Mbedu, Tosin Cole, Amandla Stenberg, Damson Idris, Lashana Lynch, Idris Elba, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Cynthia Erivo, Viola Davis, and Regina King.

Children of Blood and Bone is scheduled to be released by Paramount Pictures in the United States on January 15, 2027.

Lashana Lynch
Lashana Lynch (born 27 November 1987) is a British actress. After various roles in film and television, she gained international recognition portraying Maria Rambeau in Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films beginning with Captain Marvel (2019). She starred as the first Black female 007 agent in the James Bond film No Time to Die (2021) going on to win the BAFTA Rising Star Award in 2022.

She has also appeared in the films Matilda the Musical (2022), The Woman King (2022), and Bob Marley: One Love (2024), as well as starring roles in the television series  Still Star-Crossed (2017) and The Day of the Jackal (2024).
Ipswich Jets
The Ipswich Jets are an Australian rugby league football club based in Ipswich, Queensland. Their name comes from nearby RAAF Base Amberley, one of the largest airbases in Australia. The Jets compete in the Queensland Cup competition. Originally in the 1980s their colours were green and white, but in recent years gold has been added to the combination.

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
Jean Varenne
Jean Varenne (12 June 1926 – 12 July 1997) was a French Indologist and a prominent figure of the Nouvelle Droite. He taught Sanskrit at the Aix-Marseille University, then at Jean Moulin University Lyon 3, where he was eventually nominated professor emeritus. Varenne has also been a visiting professor at the University of Chicago, and at other universities in India, Cambodia and Mexico.

Jean Moulin University Lyon 3
The Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 (French: Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3), also referred to as Lyon 3, is one of the three public universities of Lyon, France. It is named after the French Resistance fighter Jean Moulin and specialises in Law, Politics, Philosophy, Management, and Languages.

The university is under the purview of the Academy of Lyon. A total of 27,000 students study there for undergraduate and postgraduate degrees. It is a member of the University of Lyon, the Coimbra Group and the European University Association (EUA).
Islamokemalism
Islamokemalism (Turkish: İslamokemalizm, İslamcı Atatürkçülük, Atatürkçü İslamcılık), also known as Green Kemalism (Yeşil Kemalizm) is a Turkish-Islamic synthesist ideology based on Kemalism, which either advocates for the society to be religious while keeping the state and its politics secular, or a complete replacement of secularism with Islamism in politics as well. It can also refer to religious Turks who support Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the Republic of Turkey.

Kemalism
Kemalism (Turkish: Kemalizm, also archaically Kamâlizm) or Atatürkism (Atatürkçülük) is a political ideology based on the ideas of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first president of the Republic of Türkiye. Its symbol is the Six Arrows (Altı Ok).

Atatürk's Turkey was defined by sweeping political, social, cultural, and religious reforms designed to separate the Republican state from its Ottoman predecessor and embrace a Western lifestyle, including the establishment of secularism/laicism, state support of the sciences, gender equality, economic statism and more. Most of those policies were first introduced to and implemented in Turkey during Atatürk's presidency through his reforms.
Stuart Chatwood
Stuart Chatwood, (born 22 October 1969 in Fleetwood, Lancashire, England) is a Canadian musician, best known as the bass guitar and keyboard player for the rock band The Tea Party. The Tea Party are known for fusing together musical styles of both the Eastern and Western worlds, in what they call "Moroccan roll".  In 2001, Chatwood won a Juno Award for the best artwork for a Tea Party album.

Chatwood is also a composer of video game soundtracks.  He composed music that has appeared on the soundtracks for eight Prince of Persia games developed by Ubisoft Montreal: Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (2003), Warrior Within (2004), The Two Thrones (2005), Battles of Prince of Persia (2005), Revelations (2005), Rival Swords (2007), Prince of Persia (2008), and The Fallen King (2008). The series has been very successful, selling in excess of ten million copies worldwide. He also composed the soundtrack for Darkest Dungeon (2016) and its sequel Darkest Dungeon II.

Darkest Dungeon II
Darkest Dungeon II is a roguelike role-playing video game developed and published by Red Hook Studios as the sequel to Darkest Dungeon. The game was released in early access for Windows in October 2021. The full version of the game was released in May 2023.
1930 Australian Grand Prix
The 1930 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 24 March 1930. The race, which was organised by the Light Car Club of Victoria, was the third Australian Grand Prix and the third held at Phillip Island. It was staged as a scratch race with the Class A cars starting first, followed by the Class B entries three minutes later and the Class C cars a further three minutes after that. The Grand Prix title was awarded to the entry recording the fastest time for the race. Of the 22 cars which started the race, nine completed the race distance within the 4½ hour time limit.

The race was won by Bill Thompson driving a Bugatti Type 37A.

Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit
The Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit is a motor racing circuit located near Ventnor, on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia. The current circuit was first used in 1952.

Along with The Bend Motorsport Park in South Australia, the 4.448 km (2.764 mi) long island circuit is one of two race tracks in Australia to carry a FIM Category A track licence which allows for the highest level of motorcycle racing, MotoGP. Phillip Island also carries an FIA Grade 3 track licence.
Antonio Gherardi
Antonio Gherardi (Il Reatino) (20 September 1638 – 10 May 1702) was an Italian painter, architect, and sculptor (stuccoist) of the Baroque style, active mainly in and near Rome and his native city of Rieti.

Rieti
Rieti (Italian: [ˈrjɛːti]; Latin: Reate, Sabino: Riete) is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 47,700. It is the administrative seat of the province of Rieti and see of the diocese of Rieti, as well as the modern capital of the Sabina region.

The town centre stands on a small hilltop, commanding from the southern edge the wide Rieti valley, at the bottom of the Sabine hills and of monti Reatini, including mount Terminillo. The plain was once a large lake, drained by the ancient Romans, and is now the fertile basin of the Velino River. Only the small Ripasottile and Lungo lakes remain of the larger original.
Springfield Union Station (Massachusetts)
Springfield Union Station is a train and bus station in the Metro Center area of Springfield, Massachusetts. Constructed in 1926, Springfield Union Station is the fifth-busiest Amtrak station in Massachusetts, and the busiest outside of Greater Boston.

A large-scale $94 million renovation project restored the former station building, and it reopened in late June 2017 as a regional intermodal transit hub. It not only features Amtrak service but also serves as the hub for the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority (PVTA), along with Peter Pan Bus Lines, Greyhound Lines, and the CTrail Hartford Line commuter rail. PVTA and intercity bus services began using the renovated station in 2017, and the Hartford Line opened in June 2018. Amtrak moved from a 1994-built structure to the renovated station in June 2019.

CT Rail
CT Rail, stylized as CTrail, is the brand for commuter rail services overseen by the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CTDOT), in the U.S. state of Connecticut, with services on the Hartford Line extending into Massachusetts. CTDOT oversees two lines: Shore Line East, between New Haven and New London, Connecticut, and the Hartford Line, from New Haven, through Hartford, to Springfield, Massachusetts.

Services are operated under contract, with Shore Line East operated by Amtrak along the Northeast Corridor, and the Hartford Line operated by a joint venture of TransitAmerica Services and Alternate Concepts. CT Rail trains, along with other CTDOT rail operations, use the reporting mark CNDX.
Bertmainius opimus
Bertmainius opimus is a spider in the family Migidae and genus Bertmainius. It was first described in 2015 by Mark Harvey, Barbara York Main, Michael Rix and Steven Cooper, and is endemic to south-western Australia.

Bertmainius
Bertmainius is a genus of spiders in the family Migidae. It was first described in 2015 by Mark Harvey, Barbara York Main, Michael Rix and Steven Cooper. As of 2017, it contains 7 species, all from Western Australia.