hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernoulli's method
In numerical analysis, Bernoulli's method, named after Daniel Bernoulli, is a root-finding algorithm which calculates the root of largest absolute value of a univariate polynomial. The method works under the condition that there is only one root (possibly multiple) of  maximal absolute value. The method computes the root of maximal absolute value as the limit of the quotients of two successive terms of a sequence defined by a linear recurrence whose coefficients are those of  the polynomial.

Since the method converges with a linear order only, it is less efficient than other methods, such as Newton's method. However, it can be useful for finding an initial guess ensuring that these other methods converge to the root of maximal absolute value. Bernoulli's method holds historical significance as an early approach to numerical root-finding and provides an elegant connection between recurrence relations and polynomial roots.

Daniel Bernoulli
Daniel Bernoulli FRS (/bɜːrˈnuːli/ bur-NOO-lee; Swiss Standard German: [ˈdaːni̯eːl bɛrˈnʊli]; 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1700 – 27 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family from Basel. He is particularly remembered for his applications of mathematics to mechanics, especially fluid mechanics, and for his pioneering work in probability and statistics. His name is commemorated in the Bernoulli's principle, a particular example of the conservation of energy, which describes the mathematics of the mechanism underlying the operation of two important technologies of the 20th century: the carburetor and the aeroplane wing.
Marriage Strike (1953 film)
Marriage Strike (German: Ehestreik) is a 1953 West German comedy film directed by Joe Stöckel and starring Erich Auer, Lore Frisch and Wastl Witt. It is a remake of the 1935 film of the same title directed by Georg Jacoby. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Upper Bavaria. The film's sets were designed by the art director Carl Ludwig Kirmse.

Marriage Strike (1935 film)
Marriage Strike or Matrimonial Strike (German: Ehestreik) is a 1935 German comedy film directed by Georg Jacoby and starring Trude Marlen, Paul Richter and Erika von Thellmann. It was remade in 1953.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Erich Kettelhut and Max Mellin.
Hermann Hesse
Hermann Karl Hesse (German: [ˈhɛʁman ˈhɛsə] ⓘ; 2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a German-Swiss poet and novelist, and winner of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Literature. His interest in Eastern religious, spiritual, and philosophical traditions, combined with his involvement with Jungian analysis, helped to shape his literary work. His best-known novels include Demian, Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, Narcissus and Goldmund, and The Glass Bead Game, each of which explores an individual's search for authenticity, self-knowledge, and spirituality.

Hesse was a widely read author in German-speaking countries during his lifetime, but his more enduring international fame did not come until a few years after his death, when, in the mid-1960s, his works became enormously popular with post-World War II generation readers in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere.

Siddhartha (novel)
Siddhartha: An Indian novel (German: Siddhartha. Eine indische Dichtung; German: [ziˈdaʁta] ⓘ) is a 1922 novel by Hermann Hesse that deals with the spiritual journey of self-discovery of a man named Siddhartha during the time of the Gautama Buddha. The book, Hesse's ninth novel, was written in German, in a simple, lyrical style. It was published in the United States in 1951 by New Directions Publishing and became influential during the 1960s. Hesse dedicated the first part of it to the French writer Romain Rolland and the second part to Wilhelm Gundert, his cousin.

The word Siddhartha is made up of two words in the Sanskrit language: siddha (achieved) + artha (what was searched for), which together means "he who has found meaning (of existence)" or "he who has attained his goals". In fact, the Buddha's own name, before his renunciation, was Siddhartha Gautama, prince of Kapilavastu. In this book, the Buddha is referred to as "Gotama".
Petronas Towers
3°09′28″N 101°42′42″E﻿ / ﻿3.1578°N 101.7117°E﻿ / 3.1578; 101.7117

The Petronas Towers (Malay: Menara Berkembar Petronas), also known as the Petronas Twin Towers and colloquially the KLCC Twin Towers, are an interlinked pair of 88-storey supertall skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, standing at 451.9 m (1,483 ft). From 1996 to 2004, they were the tallest buildings in the world until they were surpassed by the Taipei 101 building. The Petronas Towers remain the world's tallest twin skyscrapers, surpassing the original World Trade Center towers in New York City, and were the tallest buildings in Malaysia until 2021, when they were surpassed by Merdeka 118. The Petronas Towers are a major landmark of Kuala Lumpur, along with the nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower and Merdeka 118, and are visible in many places across the city.

Petronas Philharmonic Hall
The Petronas Philharmonic Hall (Malay: Dewan Filharmonik Petronas) is Malaysia's first concert hall built specifically for classical music. It is the home of the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra (MPO), and has hosted many of the world's leading orchestras such as New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, BBC Symphony and Vienna Symphony.

The concert hall was designed by Cesar Pelli based on the inspiration from the traditional shoebox shape of the 19th century European classical music halls. It has the capacity to accommodate for 920 seats which includes box seats, corporate suites and a royal suite. The stage floor is designed for flexibility, has an approximate area of 297m2, and can be extended to 369m2. The orchestra pit was designed to accommodate up to 45 musicians but can accommodate more with the existing stage extension.
Golden Lotus Award for Best Cinematography
The Golden Lotus Award for Best Cinematography (simplified Chinese: 金莲花奖最佳摄影; traditional Chinese: 金蓮花獎最佳攝影) is a Golden Lotus Award awarded each year to a cinematographer for work in one particular motion picture.

Golden Lotus Awards (Macau International Movie & Television Festival)
Golden Lotus Awards are awarded at the Macau International Movie Festival and Macau International Television Festival. The awards are given annually and first awarded in 2009. The awards are given out by Macau Film and Television Media Association and China International Cultural Communication Center.
Thundarr the Barbarian
Thundarr the Barbarian is an American post-apocalyptic animated series, created by Steve Gerber and produced by Ruby-Spears Productions. The series ran for two seasons on ABC from October 4, 1980, to October 31, 1981, and was rerun on NBC in 1983.

Steve Gerber
Stephen Ross Gerber (/ˈɡɜːrbər/; September 20, 1947 – February 10, 2008) was an American comic book writer and creator of the satiric Marvel Comics character Howard the Duck. Other works include Man-Thing, Omega the Unknown, Marvel Spotlight: "Son of Satan", The Defenders, Marvel Presents: "Guardians of the Galaxy", Daredevil and Foolkiller. Gerber often included lengthy text pages in the midst of comic book stories, such as in his graphic novel, Stewart the Rat. Gerber was posthumously inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2010.
Hancock Infants
The Hancock Infants was the only moniker of the minor league baseball teams based in Hancock, Michigan. Between 1890 and 1906, Hancock teams played as members of the 1890 Upper Peninsula League, 1905 Copper Country Soo League and 1906 Northern-Copper Country League. The Hancock Infants hosted home minor league games at Sack's Park.

Northern-Copper Country League
The Northern-Copper Country League (NCCL) was a Minor League Baseball league in operation for two seasons, 1906 and 1907. The league featured clubs representing cities in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Manitoba. On March 18, 1906, the Copper Country Soo League and Northern League merged to form the NCCL.  The league was Class C in 1906 and Class D in 1907. The Grand Forks and Hancock clubs disbanded midway through the first season on July 29, 1906, and the entire league folded on September 2, 1907.  The Northern League was reestablished in some of the former territory in 1908.
Eoudong (film)
Eoudong (Korean: 어우동) is a 1985 South Korean film starring Ahn Sung-ki and Lee Bo-hee. Lee Bo-hee won the best actress award at Grand Bell Awards in 1986. The film was selected as the South Korean entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 58th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Lee Bo-hee
Lee Bo-hee (Korean: 이보희; born 25 May 1959) is a South Korean actress. Lee won a number of awards for her film roles in the 1980s, including Best New Actress for The Green Pine Tree at the 22nd Grand Bell Awards, Best Actress for Eoudong at the 22nd Korea Drama and Film Art Awards, and Best Actress for You My Rose Mellow at the 24th Baeksang Arts Awards and 8th Korean Association of Film Critics Awards.

Lee Bo-hee is referred to as one of "The Troika of the 1980s" along with Lee Mi-sook and Won Mi-kyung, all three of which dominated the screen of the period.
Mama (South Korean TV series)
Mama (Korean: 마마) is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Song Yoon-ah, Jung Joon-ho, Moon Jeong-hee, and Hong Jong-hyun. It aired on MBC from August 2 to October 19, 2014 on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:45 for 24 episodes.

Moon Jeong-hee
Moon Jeong-hee (born January 12, 1976) is a South Korean actress. She has won Blue Dragon Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Deranged (2012) and Best Supporting Actress award in Buil Film Awards for her performance in Cart (2014).
His Grace Gives Notice (1933 film)
His Grace Gives Notice is a 1933 British comedy film directed by Leslie S. Hiscott and based on the 1922 novel His Grace Gives Notice by Lady Laura Troubridge which had previously been adapted into a 1924 film. It starred Arthur Margetson, Viola Keats, Charles Groves and Victor Stanley. It was made as a quota quickie at Twickenham Studios.

His Grace Gives Notice (1924 film)
His Grace Gives Notice is a 1924 British silent comedy film directed by W. P. Kellino and starring Nora Swinburne, Henry Victor and John Stuart. It is an adaptation of the 1922 novel His Grace Gives Notice by Laura Troubridge. A sound adaptation was made in 1933.
Museum Kampa
Museum Kampa is a private gallery founded in Prague on February 26, 1999, by Meda Mládková as the home of the Jan and Meda Mládek Foundation collection. The museum is located in the renovated former watermills in the center of Kampa Island. Since 2022, the permanent exhibition of the Kampa Museum collections has also been hosted at the castle in Moravský Krumlov, where Alfons Mucha's Slav Epic is on display until 2026. The museum also includes a multicultural center established in Werich villa. The Věra and Vladimír Janoušek Foundation, which manages the Vladimír and Věra Janoušek Sculpture Studio in Prague's Košíře district and a depository in Vidonice, has its office here and is closely linked to the museum in terms of personnel. In 2015, the British newspaper The Guardian ranked Museum Kampa among the five most interesting private museums in Europe.

Meda Mládková
Marie Magdalena Františka "Meda" Mládková (née Sokolová, 8 September 1919 – 3 May 2022) was a Czech art collector. Her husband, Jan Viktor Mládek (1911–1989), was an economist and a governor of the IMF. Having spent several years in exile, she returned to Czechoslovakia after the Velvet Revolution of 1989.
Kushti (film)
Kushti (transl. Wrestling) is a 2010 Indian sports comedy film directed by T. K. Rajeev Kumar. The film stars Rajpal Yadav in the lead role, along with the WWE wrestler The Great Khali (Dalip Singh Rana) making his Bollywood debut. The film also stars Manoj Joshi, Om Puri and Sharat Saxena in supporting roles. The film is a remake of the 1985 Malayalam film Mutharamkunnu P. O.

Rajpal Yadav
Rajpal Naurang Yadav (born 16 March 1971) is an Indian actor and comedian. His breakthrough came in Ram Gopal Varma's Jungle (2000) with a negative role. Yadav has gained widespread recognition for his slapstick comic performances over the years and has been nominated for several awards such as Filmfare and Screen Awards.

Some of his most notable works include Ek Aur Ek Gyarah (2003), Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004), Waqt: The Race Against Time (2005), Phir Hera Pheri (2006), Partner (2007), Bhool Bhulaiyaa  (2007),  Bhoothnath, Krazzy 4 (both 2008), Krrish 3 (2013), Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2  (2022) and the Priyadarshan films such as  Hungama (2003), Garam Masala , Malamaal Weekly (both 2005), Chup Chup Ke, Bhagam Bhag (both 2006),

He has starred in leading roles and serious characters including Main Madhuri Dixit Banna Chahti Hoon (2003), Main, Meri Patni Aur Woh (2005), Rama Rama Kya Hai Drama (2008), Kushti (2010) and Ardh (2022)
Andhera (TV series)
Andhera (transl. Darkness) is a 2025 Indian Hindi-language supernatural horror thriller television series created by Gaurav Desai and directed by Raaghav Dar. Produced by Excel Entertainment, it stars Priya Bapat, Karanvir Malhotra, Prajakta Koli and Surveen Chawla, with Vatsal Sheth, Parvin Dabas and Pranay Pachauri in supporting roles. The eight-episode first season premiered on Amazon Prime Video on 14 August 2025.

Prajakta Koli
Prajakta Koli (pronounced [pɾad͡ʑəkta koɭi]; born 27 June 1993) is an Indian YouTuber and actress. She is best known for her YouTube channel MostlySane and for her starring role in the Netflix romantic drama series Mismatched (since 2020) and Single Papa (2025). She has also played a supporting role in the films Jugjugg Jeeyo (2022) and Sunny Sanskari Ki Tulsi Kumari (2025).
Sinead Moynihan
Sinéad Bernadette Moynihan (born March 1982) is an English model and actress, best known for her roles as Ashley Webb in Drop Dead Gorgeous, Beth Clement in Hollyoaks, and Abby Jones in How Not to Live Your Life.

Drop Dead Gorgeous (TV series)
Drop Dead Gorgeous is a British comedy-drama for BBC Three. Set in Runcorn, it tells the story of 15-year-old Ashley Webb (played by Sinéad Moynihan), whose life is turned upside-down when she is approached by a spotter from a local modelling agency. Events move at lightning speed and the whole family, including Ashley's non-identical twin sister Jade (played by Linzey Cocker), are affected.

The first episode was shown on BBC Three on Sunday, 11 June 2006 at 10pm, with weekly episodes until the finale, which aired on 2 July 2006. The first series was shown for the first time on BBC One in August 2007, in the run up to the premiere of the second series on BBC Three. The second series began on 16 September 2007 at 9pm, again with weekly episodes until the finale on 22 October 2007.
Sigma receptor
Sigma receptors (σ-receptors) are protein receptors that bind ligands such as 4-PPBP (4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl) piperidine), SA 4503 (cutamesine), ditolylguanidine, dimethyltryptamine, and siramesine. There are two subtypes, sigma-1 receptors (σ1) and sigma-2 receptors (σ2), which are classified as sigma receptors for their pharmacological similarities, even though they are evolutionarily unrelated. Some early literature proposed a third subtype ("sigma-3") based on phenylaminotetralin (PAT) ligands, but later work showed this binding corresponded to the histamine H1 receptor; "sigma-3" is not recognized in current nomenclature.

The fungal protein ERG2, a C-8 sterol isomerase, falls into the same protein family as sigma-1. Both localize to the ER membrane, although sigma-1 is also reported to be a cell surface receptor. Sigma-2 is an EXPERA domain protein with a mostly intracellular (ER membrane) localization.

4-PPBP
4-PPBP is a neuroprotective cyclic amine which binds to sigma receptors.

4-PPBP decreases neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activity and ischemia-evoked nitric oxide (NO) production. 4-PPBP provides neuroprotection; this involves the prevention of ischemia-induced intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation. 4-PPBP protects neurons using a mechanism that activates the transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB). Neuroprotection that is associated with 4-PPBP increases Bcl-2 expression; Bcl-2 expression is regulated by CREB.
Solid Serenade
Solid Serenade is a 1946  animated cartoon and is the 26th Tom and Jerry short, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on August 31, 1946 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. It was produced by Fred Quimby, directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, and the musical supervision was by Scott Bradley. Ed Barge, Michael Lah, and Kenneth Muse animated it. Excerpts of this cartoon are seen in three other Tom and Jerry shorts: Jerry's Diary, Smitten Kitten, and Smarty Cat, the latter instance with altered audio and an added scene of Tom whistling.

Jerry's Diary
Jerry's Diary is a 1949 one-reel animated cartoon that is the 45th Tom and Jerry short released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as early as October 5, 1949 It directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, produced by Fred Quimby, scored by Scott Bradley, and animated by Kenneth Muse and Ed Barge. It is the first of several compilation Tom and Jerry shorts, integrating footage from previous shorts into the plot.
Giovanni Maria Nanino
Giovanni Maria Nanino (also Nanini; 1543 or 1544 – 11 March 1607) was an Italian composer and teacher of the late Renaissance. He was a member of the Roman School of composers, and was the most influential music teacher in Rome in the late 16th century. He was the older brother of composer Giovanni Bernardino Nanino.

Giovanni Bernardino Nanino
Giovanni Bernardino Nanino (ca. 1560 – 1623) was an Italian composer, teacher and singing master of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras, and a leading member of the Roman School of composers.  He was the younger brother of the somewhat more influential composer Giovanni Maria Nanino.
Yol Aularong
Yol Aularong (Khmer: យស អូឡារាំង [jɔːh ouˌlaːˈraŋ]; also romanized as Yos Olarang) was a Cambodian garage rock musician, and a leading figure in the country's rock scene of the 1960s and 70s. He incorporated elements of soul, funk, and rock into his music, and was known for his rebellious persona, humor, and social commentary. He is presumed to have been killed during the Cambodian genocide that took place under the Khmer Rouge between 1975 and 1979. Aularong received renewed attention with posthumous collections like Cambodian Rocks, the documentary Don't Think I've Forgotten, and the off-Broadway production Cambodian Rock Band.

Don't Think I've Forgotten
Don't Think I've Forgotten: Cambodia's Lost Rock and Roll is a 2014 documentary film directed by John Pirozzi about Cambodian rock music in the 1960s and 1970s, and the impact of the Khmer Rouge regime and Cambodian genocide on the local music scene. It received positive reviews from critics.
Leon Goldstein
Leon M. Goldstein (died January 8, 1999) was a college administrator, President of Kingsborough Community College, and acting Chancellor of the City University of New York. The Leon M. Goldstein High School for the Sciences and the Leon M. Goldstein Performing Arts Center are both named in his honor.

Kingsborough Community College
Kingsborough Community College (KCC) is a public community college in Manhattan Beach, Brooklyn, New York. It is part of the City University of New York (CUNY) system and the only community college in Brooklyn.
Marjorie Rackstraw
Marjorie Rackstraw (24 June 1888 – 28 April 1981) was an educationalist and social worker. She was a lifelong friend of the prison reformer Margery Fry, Labour Councillor for Hampstead in London, and undertook significant relief work before, during and after the Second World War.

Some time after graduating with an arts degree from the University of Birmingham, Marjorie worked as a lecturer in education at the University of Sheffield for several years. She was appointed warden of Masson Hall, University of Edinburgh, in 1924 and General Advisor to Women Students at the university in 1927.

Margery Fry
Sara Margery Fry JP (11 March 1874 – 21 April 1958) was a British prison reformer as well as one of the first women to become a magistrate. She was the secretary of the Howard League for Penal Reform and the principal of Somerville College, Oxford.
Sagami Province
Sagami Province (相模国, Sagami no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa.mʲi (no kɯ.ɲi), -ŋa.mʲi-, sa.ɡa.mʲiꜜ-, -ŋa.mʲiꜜ-]) was a province of Japan located in what is today the central and western Kanagawa Prefecture. Sagami Province bordered the provinces of Izu, Musashi, and Suruga. It had access to the Pacific Ocean through Sagami Bay. However, most of the present-day cities of Yokohama and Kawasaki, now part of Kanagawa Prefecture, were not in Sagami, but rather, in Musashi Province. Its abbreviated form name was Sōshū (相州).

Izu Province
Izu Province (伊豆国, Izu no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [i.(d)zɯ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area now part of Shizuoka Prefecture and Tokyo.  Izu bordered on Sagami and Suruga Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Zushū (豆州).

The mainland portion of Izu Province, comprising the Izu Peninsula, is today the eastern portion of Shizuoka Prefecture and the Izu Islands are now part of Tokyo.
Dig?
Dig? is the second album by Bill Bruford's Earthworks, featuring Django Bates, Iain Ballamy and fretless bass guitarist Tim Harries (replacing the acoustic bass guitarist Mick Hutton). It was released on EG Records in 1989.

Django Bates
Django Bates (born Leon Bates, 2 October 1960) is a British jazz musician, composer, multi-instrumentalist, band leader and educator. He plays the piano, keyboards and the tenor horn. Bates has been described as "one of the most talented musicians Britain has produced... his work covers the entire spectrum of jazz, from early jazz through to bebop and free jazz to jazz-rock fusion."

In addition to his jazz work, he is also a classical composer (writing both large- and small-scale compositions on commission), theatre composer, and has taught as a professor at various European music schools. As a leader, his bands have included Human Chain, Delightful Precipice, Quiet Nights, Powder Room Collapse Orchestra and Belovèd, and he was also a leading figure in Loose Tubes and Bill Bruford's Earthworks.
The Huntsman: Winter's War
The Huntsman: Winter's War is a 2016 American fantasy action-adventure romance film. Billed as both a prequel and sequel to Snow White & the Huntsman (2012), it marks the directorial debut of Cedric Nicolas-Troyan. It takes place before and after the events of the first film. The screenplay was written by Craig Mazin and Evan Spiliotopoulos and is based on characters created by Evan Daugherty. Chris Hemsworth, Charlize Theron, Nick Frost and Sam Claflin reprised their roles from the first film, with Emily Blunt, Jessica Chastain and Rob Brydon joining.

The Huntsman: Winter's War premiered in Hamburg in March 2016, and was released in the United States on April 22, 2016, by Universal Pictures to negative reviews from critics. Praise was directed at the visuals and cast but many felt the film was unnecessary. It grossed $165 million worldwide against a $115 million production budget, becoming  a box office bomb.

Sam Claflin
Samuel George Claflin (/ˈklæflɪn/; born 27 June 1986) is an English actor. After graduating from the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art in 2009, he began his acting career on television and had his first film role as Philip Swift in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011).

Claflin gained wider recognition for playing Finnick Odair in The Hunger Games film series (2013–2015) and for his starring roles in the romantic films Love, Rosie (2014) and Me Before You (2016). He has since starred in the films Adrift (2018) and The Nightingale (2018), and portrayed Oswald Mosley in the television series Peaky Blinders (2019–2022), Mycroft Holmes in the mystery film Enola Holmes (2020), and singer Billy Dunne in the musical drama series Daisy Jones & the Six (2023). The last of these earned him a nomination for a Golden Globe Award.