hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exam (2009 film)
Exam is a 2009 British psychological thriller film produced, written and directed by Stuart Hazeldine and starring Colin Salmon, Chris Carey, Jimi Mistry, Luke Mably, Gemma Chan, Chukwudi Iwuji, John Lloyd Fillingham, Pollyanna McIntosh, Adar Beck and Nathalie Cox.

In the film, eight candidates for a highly desirable corporate job are locked together in an exam room and given a final test with one seemingly simple question. However, confusion soon ensues and tensions unravel.

Gemma Chan
Gemma Chan (born 29 November 1982) is an English actress. A graduate of Worcester College, Oxford, Chan began acting during the late 2000s, making her film debut in 2009. She rose to attention with her leading role in the Channel 4 science fiction series Humans (2015–2018), and gained prominence with her starring film roles in Crazy Rich Asians and as Elizabeth Hardwick in Mary Queen of Scots (both 2018).

Chan next appeared in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Captain Marvel (2019) and Eternals (2021), portraying Minn-Erva and Sersi, respectively. She also appeared in Olivia Wilde's psychological thriller Don't Worry Darling (2022) and Gareth Edwards' science fiction film The Creator (2023). She had a voice role in the Disney animated film Raya and the Last Dragon (2021). Offscreen, Chan has been labeled a fashion icon.
Aaron Riley
Aaron Riley (born December 9, 1980) is a retired American mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor from 1997 to 2013, he has also formerly competed in PRIDE, the IFL, Shooto, and BodogFIGHT. Aside from mixed martial arts, Riley has also competed in boxing (becoming a Golden Gloves champion) and wrestling.

Jorge Gurgel
Jorge Valente Gurgel (/ˈɡɜːrɡəl/; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒɔʁʒi ɡuʁˈʒew]; born January 25, 1977) is a retired Brazilian mixed martial artist who competed in the Lightweight division. A professional competitor from 2002 to 2014, Gurgel is best known as a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 2 and for his career with the Ultimate Fighting Championship and Strikeforce.
Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.

Appeal (cricket)
In cricket, an appeal (locally known as a "Howzat") is the act of a player (or players) on the fielding team asking an umpire for a decision regarding whether a batter is out or not. According to Law 31 of the Laws of Cricket, an umpire will not rule a batter out unless the fielding side appeals for a decision. An appeal covers all forms of dismissal, regardless of what the fielding team believes they are appealing for.  On occasions when a batter has otherwise technically been out, the fielding team has not realised, so did not appeal, and so the umpire has not declared them out. An appeal may be made at any point before the bowler starts their run-up for the next ball.
1953 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1953 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 21st Grand Prix of Endurance, and took place on 13 and 14 June 1953, at the Circuit de la Sarthe, Le Mans (France).  It was also the third round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship.

British drivers Tony Rolt and Duncan Hamilton won the race with one of three factory-entered Jaguar C-Types, the first cars ever to race at Le Mans with disc brakes.

Disc brake
A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc (sometimes called a [brake] rotor) to create friction. There are two basic types of brake pad friction mechanisms: abrasive friction and adherent friction.  This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hold it stationary. The energy of motion is converted into heat, which must be dissipated to the environment. Disc brakes are found in more sophisticated automobiles and are more expensive to manufacture than a drum brake. Disc brakes are also found on a higher end bicycle.

Hydraulically actuated disc brakes are the most commonly used mechanical device for slowing motor vehicles. The principles of a disc brake apply to almost any rotating shaft. The components include the disc, master cylinder, and caliper, which contain at least one cylinder and two brake pads on both sides of the rotating disc.
SS Shalom
SS Shalom was a combined ocean liner/cruise ship built in 1964 by Chantiers de l'Atlantique, St Nazaire, France, for ZIM Lines, Israel, for transatlantic service from Haifa to New York. In 1967, SS Shalom was sold to the German Atlantic Line, becoming their second SS Hanseatic. Subsequently she served as SS Doric for Home Lines, SS Royal Odyssey for Royal Cruise Line and SS Regent Sun for Regency Cruises. The ship was laid up in 1995 following the bankruptcy of Regency Cruises. Numerous attempts were made to bring her back to service, but none were successful. The ship sank outside Cape St. Francis, South Africa, on 26 July 2001, while en route to India to be scrapped.

On 26 November 1964, SS Shalom accidentally rammed the Norwegian tanker Stolt Dagali outside New York, resulting in the loss of nineteen Stolt Dagali crew members and damage to the stern of the tanker.

Home Lines
Home Lines was an Italian passenger shipping company that operated both ocean liners and cruise ships. The company was founded in 1946, and it ceased operations in 1988 when merged into Holland America Line. Although based in Genoa, Home Lines was an international company with ships registered in Panama, while the original company chairman Eugen Eugenides was Greek. By the time Home Lines was merged into Holland America, they were one of the most highly regarded cruise lines in the world.

Home Lines were connected to Cosulich Lines, Swedish American Line and Hamburg-America Line. Eugen Eugenides' adopted son Nicolaos Vernicos-Eugenides cofounded the Hamburg Atlantic Line in 1958, and he later was the CEO of both Home Lines and Hamburg Atlantic Line.
Railroad Magazine
Railroad Magazine was a pulp magazine founded by Frank Anderson Munsey and published October 1906 to January 1979.  It was the first specialized pulp magazine with stories and articles about railroads.  The magazine merged with Railfan to form the new Railfan & Railroad, published by Carstens Publications beginning after the final Railroad issue in 1979.

Carstens Publications
Carstens Publications, Inc. was a publisher of books and magazines related to the railroad and airplane hobby fields that operated under various names from 1933 to 2014. Carstens was the chief competitor to Kalmbach Publishing in the scale model hobby and enthusiast field.

At its closing, the company published three monthly magazines: Railroad Model Craftsman, Railfan & Railroad, and Flying Models. The company also published annuals, including The On30 Annual, The HOn3 Annual, and Great Railroad Photography. Carstens also published books on railroad history, scale model railroading, aviation, and model airplanes.
West Horndon
West Horndon is a village and civil parish in the south of the Borough of Brentwood in Essex, England. It is located 20 miles (32 km) east-northeast of Charing Cross in Central London. As well as West Horndon village, the parish also includes East Horndon, the southern part of Little Warley, and surrounding rural areas. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,649.

Dunton Hills, at the eastern end of the civil parish, is planned to be the location of a new 3,700 home garden village. A 2,100 home new town development at Tillingham Hall on the southern border of the parish is also planned.

New towns in the United Kingdom
The new towns in the United Kingdom were planned under the powers of the New Towns Act 1946 (9 & 10 Geo. 6. c. 68) and later acts to relocate people from poor or bombed-out housing following World War II. Designated new towns were placed under the supervision of a development corporation, and were developed in three waves. Later developments included the "expanded towns": existing towns which were substantially expanded to accommodate what was called the "overspill" population from densely populated areas of deprivation.
Hiroyoshi Tenzan
Hiroyoshi Yamamoto (山本 広吉, Yamamoto Hiroyoshi; born March 23, 1971) is a Japanese professional wrestler who is signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling, and is better known by his ring name Hiroyoshi Tenzan (天山 広吉, Tenzan Hiroyoshi). With Satoshi Kojima, in 2008, they won the World's Strongest Tag Determination League in All Japan Pro Wrestling and the G1 Tag League in NJPW, becoming the only tag team which has done both. He is a four-time IWGP Heavyweight Champion and a record twelve-time IWGP Tag Team Champion. He is also a former National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) World Heavyweight Champion.

Toru Yano
Toru Yano (矢野 通, Yano Tōru; born May 18, 1978) is a Japanese professional wrestler, signed to New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). He was one-third of the inaugural NEVER Openweight 6-Man Tag Team Champions. He is also a three-time IWGP Tag Team Champion and two-time GHC Tag Team Champion, and was the KOPW 2020 and the KOPW 2021 Provisional Champion.

He is mainly known as a comic relief wrestler, often cheating in an attempt to secure quick wins in his matches. Though often positioned below NJPW's top wrestlers, Yano has gained a reputation as a spoiler, occasionally scoring upset wins over bigger names and feuding with other elite wrestlers.
Downtown Lullaby
Downtown Lullaby is an album of improvised music by John Zorn, Elliott Sharp, Bobby Previte and Wayne Horvitz. The album was released on the Depth of Field label in 1998 and contains seven tracks titled after addresses of performing spaces in the East Village and Soho.

Wayne Horvitz
Wayne Horvitz (born September 1, 1955) is an American composer, keyboardist and record producer. He came to prominence in the Downtown scene of 1980s and '90s New York City, where he met his future wife, the singer, songwriter and pianist Robin Holcomb. He is noted for working with John Zorn's Naked City among others. Horvitz has since relocated to the Seattle, Washington area where he has several ongoing groups and has worked as an adjunct professor of composition at Cornish College of the Arts.
Conqueror (tank)
The FV 214 Conqueror, also known as Tank, Heavy No. 1, 120 mm gun, Conqueror was a British heavy tank of the post-World War II era. It was developed as a response to the Soviet IS-3 heavy tank. The Conqueror's main armament, an L1 120 mm gun, was larger than the 20-pounder (83.4 mm) gun carried by its peer, the Centurion. The Conqueror's role was to provide long range anti-tank support for the Centurion. Nine Conquerors were issued for each regiment in Germany, usually grouped in three tank troops. In the British Army both the Conqueror and the Centurion were replaced by the Chieftain.

IS-3
The IS-3 (also known as Object 703) is a Soviet heavy tank developed in late 1944. Its semi-hemispherical cast turret (resembling that of an upturned soup bowl) became the hallmark of post-war Soviet tanks. Its pike nose design would also be mirrored by other tanks of the IS tank family such as the IS-7 and T-10. Produced too late to see combat in World War II, the IS-3 participated in the Berlin Victory Parade of 1945, the Soviet invasion of Hungary, the Six-Day War, Yom Kippur War, and one was used during the early stages of the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Colour Scheme
Colour Scheme is a detective novel by Ngaio Marsh; it is the twelfth novel to feature Roderick Alleyn, and was first published in 1943 by Collins Crime Club.  The novel takes place in the Northland region of New Zealand during World War II; the plot involves suspected espionage activity at a hot springs resort on the coast of New Zealand's Northland region.

Marsh's next novel Died in the Wool also places Alleyn in New Zealand doing wartime counterespionage work.

Roderick Alleyn
Roderick Alleyn (pronounced "Allen") is a fictional character who first appeared in 1934. He is the policeman hero of the 32 detective novels of Ngaio Marsh. Marsh and her gentleman detective belong firmly in the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, although the last Alleyn novel, Light Thickens, was published in 1982.

Marsh mentions in an introduction that she named her detective Alleyn after the Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn, founder of Dulwich College, where her father had been a pupil. She started a novel with Alleyn in 1931, after reading a detective story by Agatha Christie or Dorothy L. Sayers on a wet Saturday afternoon in London and wondering if she could write something in the genre. So she bought six exercise books and a pencil at a local stationer and started A Man Lay Dead, involving a Murder Game, which was then popular at English weekend parties.
Odin Records
Odin Records  is a Norwegian jazz record company and label founded in 1981 by the Norwegian Jazz Federation, when there were not many independent record labels in Norway. Only major international record companies were to be found in Oslo, so Odin soon became the most important national label for contemporary Norwegian jazz.

The catalogue encompasses jazz, improvised music, ragtime, punk. The bestseller is the internationally acclaimed Radka Toneff. In 1994 Odin Records was licensed to Curling Legs, owned by Knut Værnes, Morten Halle, and Helge Westbye.

Curling Legs
Curling Legs Productions A/S (established 1992 in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian record label with a catalogue encompassing all styles of jazz and improvised music. It was started by Knut Værnes and Morten Halle to release their own music. In 1994, Odin Records was licensed to Curling Legs from the Norwegian Jazz Forum, to continue the production of Norwegian jazz. In addition to Værnes and Halle, the third co-owner of Curling Legs is Helge Westbye, the director of the record label Grappa Music, and the label is part of FONO. The music is distributed through the company Musikkoperatørene.

By the time of their fiftieth issue, on 3 May 1999, Curling Legs had won Spellemannprisen four times.

The Radka Toneff Memorial Award is funded by the royalty income from all her releases on Odin, Universal and Curling Legs.
Devil's Lottery
Devil's Lottery is a 1932 American pre-Code drama film directed by Sam Taylor and starring Elissa Landi, Victor McLaglen, Alexander Kirkland, Ralph Morgan, Paul Cavanagh and Barbara Weeks. The film was released on March 27, 1932, by Fox Film Corporation. The screenplay was based on the 1931 novel The Devil's Lottery by Nalbro Bartley.

Alexander Kirkland
William Alexander Kirkland (September 15, 1901, Mexico City, Mexico – c. 1986) was a leading man in Hollywood during the early sound era as well as a stage actor who starred in productions of the Group Theatre in New York.
Kanoê
The Kanoê (also as the Canoe, Kapixaná and Kapixanã) are an indigenous people of southern Rondônia, Brazil, near the Bolivian border. There are two major groups of Kanoê: one residing in the region of the Guaporé River and another in the Rio Omerê Indigenous Territory. The latter consists of just five individuals following violent contact with settlers in the last few decades. The Kanoê of the Guaporé River have also had a troubled history of interaction with colonists; significantly reduced in population, they are now largely assimilated into neighbouring indigenous and non-indigenous peoples.

Rondônia
Rondônia (English: /rɒnˈdoʊniə/, ron-DOHN-ee-ə ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁõˈdõnjɐ] ⓘ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the North Region (the central-western part). It is bordered by Acre in the west, 
Amazonas in the north, Mato Grosso in the east, and Bolivia in the south. Rondônia has a population of 1,815,000 as of 2021. It is the fifth least populated state. Its capital and largest city is Porto Velho, bathed by the Madeira River. The state was named after Cândido Rondon, who explored the north of the country during the 1910s. The state, which is home to c. 0.7% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for c. 0.3% of the Brazilian GDP.

The state has 52 municipalities and occupies an area of 237,590.547 km2, equivalent to the territory of Romania and almost five times larger than Croatia. In addition to this, there are other important cities such as Ariquemes, Cacoal, Guajará-Mirim, Ji-Paraná, Rolim de Moura and Vilhena.
Paul Landres
Paul Landres (August 12, 1912 – December 26, 2001) was an American film and television editor and director. He directed episodes of The Lone Ranger, Maverick and Flipper, among many other TV series.

He directed the vampire film The Return of Dracula (1958) based on Pat Fiedler's script and starring Francis Lederer, Ray Stricklyn, Virginia Vincent, John Wengraf, Gage Clarke, Jimmy Baird and Greta Granstedt. He met actor Arthur Franz and actress Kathleen Crowley, and both appeared in The Flame Barrier (1958).

He directed western films such as Son of a Gunfighter (1965) with Russ Tamblyn in the title role, and Oregon Passage (1957) starring John Ericson, Lola Albright, Toni Gerry, Edward Platt, and H.M. Wynant; and western television series such as Brave Eagle, The Lone Ranger, The Cisco Kid, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, Bonanza, and Maverick.

The Return of Dracula
The Return of Dracula is a 1958 American horror film directed by Paul Landres, and starring Francis Lederer, Norma Eberhardt, and Ray Stricklyn. It follows Dracula, who murders an artist aboard a train in Central Europe, and proceeds to impersonate the man, traveling to meet with his extended family in a small California town. The film is primarily in black and white, aside from one brief color sequence.

It was released on May 21, 1958, in Los Angeles by United Artists as the top half of a double feature with The Flame Barrier.
Ardalan
Ardalan (Sorani Kurdish: ئەردەڵان, Persian: اردلان), also known as the Ardalanids, the House of Ardalan, the Ardalanid dynasty, or Ardalanid Kurdistan (Persian: کردستان اردلان, romanized: Kurdistân-e Ardalân), was a hereditary Kurdish Emirate in western Iran from around the 14th century until 1865 or 1868 with Sanandaj as capital. The Ardalan state was completely independent until 1617, when it was incorporated into the Safavid Empire as a semi-independent frontier province by the name of Ardalan. The territory corresponded roughly to present-day Kurdistan province of Iran and its rulers were loyal to Qajar Iran. Baban was its main rival. Gorani was its literary language and lingua franca. When the Ardalan emirate fell, literary work in Gorani ceased.

Baban
Baban (Kurdish: بابان) was a Kurdish emirate existing from the 16th century to 1850, centered on Sulaymaniyah. The Baban Principality played an active role in the Ottoman-Safavid conflict and gave significant military support to the Ottomans. They were in constant rivalry with Ardalan, Bohtan and Soran and its territory would therefore oscillate. Before the removal of the last Baban leader in 1850, their rule had become limited to their capital Sulaymaniyah and few surrounding villages.

The modern city of Sulaymaniyah was built by Baban in 1784 which served as their capital. Prior to the founding of the city, the dynasty lived in Qala Çolan. The principality also encouraged and facilitated the use of Sorani Kurdish among its local literary authors.
Don Juan's Last Adventure
Don Juan's Last Adventure (Hungarian: Don Juan legutolsó kalandja) is a 1958 Hungarian drama film directed by Márton Keleti and starring Zoltán Várkonyi, Margit Bara and Antal Páger. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director László Duba.

Margit Bara
Margit Bara (21 June 1928 – 25 October 2016) was a Hungarian film actress. She appeared in 25 films between 1956 and 1975. She retired from acting in 1977 and later in 1992 received the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary and in 2002 she was awarded the Kossuth Prize.
Gary J. Bass
Gary Jonathan Bass is an American historian, academic, and author, specializing in international security, international law, and human rights. He is the William P. Boswell Professor of World Politics of Peace and War at Princeton University, where he has taught since 1999. Bass earned his Bachelor of Arts and PhD from Harvard University, where he wrote for The Harvard Crimson. He has authored four books, including The Blood Telegram: Nixon, Kissinger, and a Forgotten Genocide, a Pulitzer Prize finalist. His most recent work, Judgment at Tokyo: World War II on Trial and the Making of Modern Asia, has received widespread acclaim and was shortlisted for major literary awards. Bass has also contributed to numerous publications, including The New York Times and The Economist.

The Blood Telegram: Nixon, Kissinger, and a Forgotten Genocide
The Blood Telegram: Nixon, Kissinger, and a Forgotten Genocide (also released as The Blood Telegram: India's Secret War in East Pakistan) is a 2013 book by American journalist and academic Gary J. Bass about The Blood telegram, a state department dissent memo on American policy during the 1971 Bangladesh genocide sent by Archer Blood the American Consul General to Dhaka, East Pakistan.
Life with Boys
Life with Boys is a Canadian teen sitcom that aired in Canada on YTV from September 9, 2011 through August 27, 2013. The sitcom stars Torri Webster, Madison Pettis, Nathan McLeod, Michael Murphy, Jake Goodman, and Sandy Jobin-Bevans. The show follows Tess Foster (Webster) as she copes with living in a home with just boys: her widowed father Jack (Jobin-Bevans) and Gabe (McLeod), Spencer (Goodman), and Sam (Murphy), who are her brothers. With the help of her best friend Allie (Pettis), she pulls through. Life with Boys is created by Michael Poryes, who also co-created Hannah Montana and That's So Raven.

Life with Boys was renewed for a second season. Shooting started on September 4, 2012, in Toronto, Ontario. On February 6, 2013, the series premiered on the American network TeenNick. The show was not renewed for a third season and was cancelled after season 2.

Torri Webster
Torri Webster (born August 12, 1996) is a Canadian actress. She is known for her starring role as Tess Foster in the YTV teen sitcom Life with Boys, which earned her the Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actress in a TV Series. Webster also played the recurring character of PeaseBlossom, an eccentric fairy in the Nickelodeon show The Other Kingdom.
Toyono, Nagano
Toyono (豊野町, Toyono-machi) was a town located in Kamiminochi District, Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 10,090 and a density of 507.04 persons per km2. The total area was 19.90 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Toyono, along with the village of Ōoka (from Sarashina District), and the villages of Kinasa and Togakushi (all from Kamiminochi District), was merged into the expanded city of Nagano.

Kamiminochi District, Nagano
Kamiminochi (上水内郡, Kamiminochi-gun) is a district located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2011, the district has an estimated population of 23,774 with a density of 84.11 persons per km2. The total area is 282.65 km2.