hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brian Ferneyhough
Brian John Peter Ferneyhough (/ˈfɜːrnihoʊ/ ⓘ; born 16 January 1943) is an English composer. Ferneyhough is typically considered the central figure of the New Complexity movement. Ferneyhough has taught composition at the Hochschule für Musik Freiburg and the University of California, San Diego; he teaches at Stanford University and is a regular lecturer in the summer courses at Darmstädter Ferienkurse. He has resided in California since 1987.

Darmstädter Ferienkurse
Darmstädter Ferienkurse (Darmstadt Summer Course) is a regular summer event of contemporary classical music in Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany. It was founded in 1946, under the name "Ferienkurse für Internationale Neue Musik Darmstadt" (Vacation Courses of International New Music in Darmstadt), as a gathering with lectures and concerts over several summer weeks. Composers, performers, theorists and philosophers of contemporary music met first annually until 1970, and then biennially. The event was organised by the Kranichsteiner Musikinstitut, which was renamed Internationales Musikinstitut Darmstadt (IMD). It is regarded as a leading international forum of contemporary and experimental music with a focus on composition. The festival awards the Kranichsteiner Musikpreis for performers and young composers.
Reenu-Rew
Reenu-Rew (Wolof for 'Roots of the Nation', French for "Les racines de la nation") was a radical Marxist group in Senegal, founded in 1973 by Landing Savané. It published Xarébi (Struggle). In 1974 Reenu-Rew stood behind the initiative to form And-Jëf.

And-Jëf/Revolutionary Movement for New Democracy
And-Jëf/Revolutionary Movement for New Democracy (in French: And-Jëf/Mouvement Révolutionnaire pour la Démocratie Nouvelle) was a Marxist-Leninist political party in Senegal.

And-Jëf (Wolof for 'Act Together') was founded by Reenu-Rew at a clandestine congress on December 28, 1974.

Most of the leadership, including the main leader Landing Savané, was jailed in 1975. Savané was released in 1976, and resumed political activity.

And-Jëf was very active within the trade union movement UTLS.

In March 1980 And-Jëf started the publication Jaay Doolé Bi (The Proletarian).

In July 1981 the group was registered as a legal political party under the name And-Jëf/MRDN.

In 1991 And-Jëf/MRDN was one of the founding members of And-Jëf/African Party for Democracy and Socialism (AJ/PADS).
The Spaceape
Stephen Samuel Gordon (17 June 1970 – 2 October 2014), known as The Spaceape, was a British poet and MC.  He is known for his work on the electronic music label Hyperdub, and in particular for his frequent collaborations with labelmate Kode9. He was described by The Guardian as "a pioneering Hyperdub artist," while Pitchfork Media stated that "if first-wave UK dubstep had a voice, it belonged to Stephen Gordon."

Gordon died on 2 October 2014 at the age of 44, following a battle with a rare form of cancer.

Hyperdub
Hyperdub is a British electronic music record label and former webzine based in London, founded by Steve Goodman, a.k.a. Kode9. The label was formed in 2004, and grew out of the UK's early dubstep scene. Artists signed to the label have included Burial, Cooly G, Dean Blunt, DJ Rashad, DVA, Fatima Al Qadiri, Ikonika, Jessy Lanza, Klein, Laurel Halo and Zomby.

RBMA called Hyperdub "one of the UK's most celebrated underground labels."
The Subways
The Subways is an English rock band from Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire. Formed in 2002, the band consists of Billy Lunn (guitar, lead vocals), Charlotte Cooper (bass, lead vocals), and Camille Phillips (drums). Founding member and original drummer Josh Morgan left the band for personal reasons in October 2020.

The Subways' debut album, Young for Eternity, was released on 4 July 2005 in the UK and 14 February 2006 in the US. Their second album, All or Nothing, was released on 30 June 2008 and their third album Money and Celebrity debuted on 19 September 2011. The band's self-titled fourth album was released on 9 February 2015, while their most-recent album, Uncertain Joys, debuted on 13 January 2023.

Young for Eternity
Young for Eternity is the debut studio album by British rock band the Subways. The album was released on 4 July 2005 by City Pavement/Infectious Records. It reached number 32 in the UK charts and was certified gold in January 2007 for shipments of 100,000 units and generated four UK Top 30 singles.
Ouvrage Lembach
Ouvrage Lembach is a petit ouvrage of the Maginot Line.  Lembach is adjoined by petit ouvrage Grand Hohekirkel at some distance to its west and gros ouvrage Four-à-Chaux immediately to its east. It faces the German frontier, and was part of the Fortified Sector of the Vosges. During the Battle of France in 1940, the German 215th Infantry Division broke through the line of smaller fortifications to the west of Lembach, but did not directly attack. After aerial bombardments, Lembach surrendered with the rest of the Maginot fortifications according to the terms of the Second Armistice at Compiègne. After the war Lembach was renovated for further use, but was abandoned by the 1970s.

Ouvrage Four-à-Chaux
Ouvrage Four-à-Chaux is a gros ouvrage of the Maginot Line, located in the community of Lembach, France, in the Bas-Rhin département.  Four à Chaux was adjoined by petit ouvrage Lembach and gros ouvrage Hochwald, and faced the German frontier as part of the Fortified Sector of the Vosges.  A "four à chaux"  is a lime kiln in French, and the ouvrage was located in the area of a limestone quarry and kiln, which operated until 1939. Four-à-Chaux was bombarded by the invading Germans in late June 1940 during the Battle of France with both aerial attacks and artillery bombardments.  Four-à-Chaux survived to surrender at the end of the month. Block 1 was destroyed by the Germans before retreating in the face of American advances in 1945.  During the 1950s Four-à-Chaux was renovated and reoccupied against a perceived threat from the Soviet Union. It fell out of use in the 1970s, and is now operated as a museum.
Sparebanken ABC
Sparebanken ABC, sometimes branded as ABC Bank, was a Norwegian savings bank based in Oslo, in existence between 1985 and 1990. The bank was a merger between Sparebanken Oslo/Akershus (founded in 1822) as Christiania Sparebank) and Fellesbanken (founded in 1920). The bank lasted until 1990 when it merged with four other savings banks in Eastern Norway to create Sparebanken NOR. The bank is now part of DnB NOR after Sparebanken NOR merged with Gjensidige to create Gjensidige NOR in 1999 and Gjensidige NOR merged with Den norske Bank in 2003 to create DnB NOR.

Fellesbanken
Fellesbanken was a Norwegian bank that existed between 1920 and 1985 with offices in Oslo, Norway. It was created as a central bank for the Norwegian savings banks as well as functioning as a commercial bank. It merged with Sparebanken Oslo/Akershus in 1985 to form Sparebanken ABC. It is now part of DnB NOR.
Gmina Czernikowo
Gmina Czernikowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czernikowo, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south-east of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 169.37 square kilometres (65.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,378.

Czernikowo
Czernikowo (Polish pronunciation: [t͡ʂɛrniˈkɔvɔ]) is a village in Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Czernikowo. It is located in the historic Dobrzyń Land.
Max Whitlock
Max Antony Whitlock (born 13 January 1993) is an English artistic gymnast. With fourteen medals and six titles in Olympic and World Championships, Whitlock is the most successful gymnast in British history. He is also the most successful pommel horse worker in Olympic Games history, with two gold medals and one bronze.

Whitlock is a six-time Olympic medallist (all-around, team, floor exercise and three times on his signature piece, pommel horse), winning three golds and three bronzes, and a five-time world medallist on the pommel horse with three gold and two silvers. He became Great Britain's first-ever Olympic gold medallist in artistic gymnastics when he won both the floor exercise and pommel horse at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He is a four-time European champion and a four-time Commonwealth Games champion representing England.

Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's floor
The Men's floor competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held at the HSBC Arena on 14 August.

The medals were presented by Sir Philip Craven IOC member, Great Britain and Steve Butcher, FIG Men's Artistic Gymnastics Technical Committee President.
Fiks Fare
Fiks Fare is a daily show on Albanian television station Top Channel. It premiered on 19 December 2002. It is currently co-hosted by Julian Deda and Xhemi Shehu.

Fiks Fare uses humor and satire to discuss negative aspects of society, such as corruption, fraud, law-breaking by public officials, human rights violations and development issues. It includes entertainment elements such as dance and music. Its popularity and its simple language has made it an important means of raising awareness.

Fiks Fare is quoted in the academic journal Current Anthropology as an innovative format of activism in the field of anti-corruption.

It is also based on the Italian entertainment program Striscia la notizia.

Striscia la notizia
Striscia la notizia (Italian: [ˈstriʃʃa la noˈtittsja], "the news slithers") is an Italian satirical television program on the Mediaset-controlled Canale 5. Launched in 1988, it is meant to be a parody of the daily news, which airs right before the program, but Striscia also satirizes government corruption and exposes scams with the help of local reporters who are also comedians. The program is created by Antonio Ricci and is hosted by two major comedians.

The name of the show literally translates in English as "The News Slither".
Cantarella (manga)
Cantarella (Japanese: カンタレラ, Hepburn: Kantarera) is a Japanese dark fantasy manga series written and illustrated by You Higuri. Set during the Italian Renaissance, it follows the life of Cesare Borgia, whose soul is damned in a pact made with the Devil. The manga was serialized in Akita Shoten's Princess Gold magazine from 2000 to 2010, with its chapters collected into 12 bound volumes. It was licensed for an English-language release in North America by Go! Comi, who published 10 volumes before going out of business in 2010.

Go! Comi
Go! Comi was the publishing imprint of the American multimedia company, Go! Media Entertainment, LLC, established to "specializ(e) in publishing Japanese comics for the American market, and in creating new manga and manga-oriented properties for both the Japanese and American markets".
Private Lives (TV series)
Private Lives (Korean: 사생활; RR: Sasaenghwal) is a South Korean television series starring Seohyun, Go Kyung-pyo, Kim Hyo-jin, Kim Young-min, and Tae Won-seok. It aired on JTBC from October 7 to November 26, 2020 and is available for streaming worldwide on Netflix.

Ko Kyung-pyo
Ko Kyung-pyo (Korean: 고경표; born June 11, 1990) is a South Korean actor. He began his career in 2010 and became a cast member of the comedy show Saturday Night Live Korea for its first three seasons (2011–2012). He then gained wide recognition for his roles in the television dramas Reply 1988 (2015–16), Don't Dare to Dream (2016), and Chicago Typewriter (2017). Ko's performance in Park Chan-wook's film Decision to Leave (2022) made him a recipient of a Best Supporting Actor nomination and a Popular Star Award at the Blue Dragon Film Awards. He has since transitioned into leading roles in television series Strongest Deliveryman (2017), Cross (2018), Love in Contract (2022), and comedy film 6/45 (2022).
Qannuyak (Barry Islands)
Qannuyak formerly Kanuyak Island is a member of the Barry Islands within the Arctic Archipelago in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in Bathurst Inlet. Other islands in the vicinity include Igluhugyuk, Iqalulialuk, Algaq, Shoe Island, and Aupilaktuq.

Iqalulialuk
Iqalulialuk formerly Ekalulia Island is an uninhabited island within the Arctic Archipelago in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut. It is located in Bathurst Inlet. Other islands in the vicinity include Algaq, Qannuyak, Igluhugyuk, Shoe Island, Walrus Island, Marcet Island, Aupilaktuq, and Qikiqtaryuaq.
Chris Stuart
Christopher Elliot Stuart (19 February 1949 – 12 July 2022) was a British journalist, songwriter and radio and television presenter and producer. He was executive producer of the BBC Two quiz series Only Connect. As a presenter, he fronted the early breakfast show on BBC Radio 2 between 1988 and 1991. He was also one of the first presenters on BBC Radio Wales.

BBC Radio Wales
BBC Radio Wales is a Welsh national radio station owned and operated by BBC Cymru Wales, a division of the BBC. It began broadcasting on 13 November 1978, replacing the Welsh opt-out service of BBC Radio 4.

As of August 2022, the station's managing editor is Carolyn Hitt, who is also editor of BBC Wales Sport.

Radio Wales is broadcast in English, whilst sister network Radio Cymru broadcasts in Welsh. According to RAJAR, BBC Radio Wales has a weekly audience of 348,000 listeners and a listening share of 5.5%, as of March 2024.
Cordillera Sarmiento
The Cordillera Sarmiento is a mountain range
located in the Chilean Patagonia to the west of Puerto Natales named after Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, who was a Spanish explorer who navigated the region's waterways between 1579 and 1580. It extends in north–south direction on the western shore of the Fjord of the Mountains and parallel to the Cordillera Riesco. The highest mountain in this range is La Dama Blanca (The White Lady), with an elevation of 1,941 m (6,368 ft), which is located at 51°48′S 73°24′W﻿ / ﻿51.800°S 73.400°W﻿ / -51.800; -73.400. It is a subrange of the Andes and has a number of small glaciers.

Cordillera Riesco
The Cordillera Riesco is a mountain range
located in the Chilean Patagonia to the west of Puerto Natales. It extends in north–south direction on the eastern shore of the Fjord of the Mountains and parallel to the Cordillera Sarmiento. The rock towers of the "Grupo La Paz" are the centerpiece of this mountain range. The range includes the Cerro Toro formation, within which the Cueva del Milodon Natural Monument is situated; this monument comprises a cave complex where remains of the extinct Giant sloth have been recovered along with evidence of occupation by prehistoric man.
Nohara Hiroshi Hirumeshi no Ryūgi
Nohara Hiroshi Hirumeshi no Ryūgi (野原ひろし 昼メシの流儀; lit. "The Style of Hiroshi Nohara's Lunch") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yōichi Tsukahara, which is a spin-off of Yoshito Usui's Crayon Shin-chan series, focusing on Hiroshi Nohara, Shin-chan's father and the head of the Nohara family. It was serialized in Futabasha's seinen manga magazine Manga Town from December 2015 to December 2023, before transferring to the series' official website in January 2024. It has been collected in fourteen tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation produced by Shin-Ei Animation and animated by DLE premiered in October 2025.

Crayon Shin-chan
Crayon Shin-chan (Japanese: クレヨンしんちゃん, Hepburn: Kureyon Shin-chan) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshito Usui. Crayon Shin-chan made its first appearance in 1990 in a Japanese weekly magazine called Weekly Manga Action, which was published by Futabasha. Due to the death of author Yoshito Usui, the manga in its original form ended on September 11, 2009. A new manga began in the summer of 2010 by members of Usui's team, titled New Crayon Shin-chan (新クレヨンしんちゃん, Shin Kureyon Shin-chan).

An animated television adaptation began airing on TV Asahi in 1992 and is still ongoing, with over 1200 episodes. The show has been dubbed in 30 languages which aired in 45 countries. As of 2023, both the Crayon Shin-Chan and New Crayon Shin-Chan series has over 148 million copies in circulation, making it among the best-selling manga series in history.
He Ping (director)
He Ping (Chinese: 何平; pinyin: Hé Píng; 7 May 1957 – 10 January 2023) was a Chinese film director, screenwriter, and producer born in Shanxi whose main filmography consists of a hybrid genre of Western-wuxia movies. He made three movies along this genre - Swordsmen in Double Flag Town (1991), Sun Valley (1995) and Warriors of Heaven and Earth (2004).

Warriors of Heaven and Earth
Warriors of Heaven and Earth (Chinese: 天地英雄) is a 2003 Chinese action adventure film directed by He Ping. The film's notable cinematography captures a wide range of landscapes across China's Xinjiang province. It was China's official entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, though it did not get nominated.
Yolmo people
The Yolmo or Hyolmo (Tibetic: ཡོལ་མོ་) are a people mainly from the Eastern and Northern Himalayan Regions of Nepal called Helambu.
They refer to themselves as the "Yolmowa" or "Yolmopa" and are native residents of the Helambu valleys (situated over 43.4 kilometres/27 miles and 44.1 kilometres/27.4 miles to the north of Kathmandu respectively) and the surrounding regions of Northeastern Nepal. The combined population in these regions is around 11,000. They also have sizeable communities in Bhutan, Darjeeling, Sikkim and some regions of South-Western Tibet. They are among the 59 indigenous groups officially recognized by the Government of Nepal as having a distinct cultural identity and are also listed as one of the 645 Scheduled Tribes of India.

The Yolmo people speak the Yolmo language of the Kyirong branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Accordingly, it has a high lexical similarity to Tibetan, although the two languages are not completely mutually intelligible.

Helambu
Helambu is a region of highland villages in Nepal, about 80 km from Kathmandu. It is the home of the Hyolmo people. The word Yolmo derives from the word  Helambu. The Helambu region begins at the Lauribina La pass and descends to the Melamchi valley. Helambu is famous for its sweet apples and artistic Buddhist monasteries and it is a Buddhist pilgrimage site.

Several trekking routes visit Helambu, one of them being known as Helambu Trek.
Infante Luis of Spain
Infante Luis, Count of Chinchón (Luis Antonio Jaime de Borbón y Farnesio; 25 July 1727 – 7 August 1785), known as the Cardinal Infante, was a Spanish infante and clergyman. He was a son of Philip V of Spain and his second wife, Elisabeth Farnese. He was cardinal deacon of Santa Maria della Scala, as well as administrator of the temporal affairs, and later also of the spiritual affairs, of the Archdiocese of Toledo, the primatial see of Spain.

He is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the youngest-ever cardinal.

Santa Maria della Scala
Santa Maria della Scala (English: Mary of the Staircase) is a titular church in Rome, Italy, located in the Trastevere rione. It is served by friars of the Discalced Carmelite Order. Cardinal Ernest Simoni took possession of the titular church on 11 February 2017.
Methanetellurol
Methanetellurol is the organotellurium compound with the formula CH3TeH. It is the simplest organotellurium compound that has been purified in bulk. It is classified as a tellurol. A colorless gas, it decomposes to Te and methane near room temperature. It is prepared by reduction of dimethyl ditelluride using Na/NH3 followed by protonation of the CH3Te−Na+ (sodium methanetellurolate) with sulfuric acid. Few publications describe this compound as a consequence of its instability and paucity of applications.

According to IR spectroscopy, νTe-H = 1995 cm−1. For the lighter homologues, νE-H = 2342 (E = Se), 2606 (E = S), and 3710 cm−1 (E = O) for methaneselenol, methanethiol, and methanol.

Methaneselenol
Methaneselenol is the organoselenium compound with the formula CH3SeH. It is the simplest selenol. A colorless, poisonous gas, it is notorious for its foul, putrid odor.

It is prepared by reaction of methyl lithium or a methyl Grignard reagent with selenium followed by protonation of the product. The compound is a metabolite.

According to IR spectroscopy, νSe-H = 2342 cm−1. For the other homologues, νE-H = 1995 (E = Te), 2606 (E = S), and 3710 cm−1 (E = O) for methanetellurol, methanethiol, and methanol.
County of Wernigerode
The County of Wernigerode (German: Grafschaft Wernigerode) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire which arose in the Harzgau region of the former Duchy of Saxony, at the northern foot of the Harz mountain range. The comital residence was at Wernigerode, now part of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The county was ruled by a branch of the House of Stolberg from 1429 until its mediatization to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1806. Nevertheless, the county remained in existence - with one short interruption - until the dissolution of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1918.

Wernigerode
Wernigerode (German pronunciation: [ˌvɛɐnɪɡəˈʁoːdə] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Harz, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Until 2007, it was the capital of the district of Wernigerode. Its population was 32,181 in 2020.

Wernigerode is located southwest of Halberstadt, and is picturesquely situated on the Holtemme river, on the northern slopes of the Harz Mountains. Wernigerode is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.
Kristjan Rand
Kristjan (or Kristian) Rand (born 12 June 1987) is an Estonian former ice dancer. With Grethe Grünberg, he is the 2007 World Junior silver medalist and the 2005–2007 Estonian national champion. With Caitlin Mallory, he competed in the final segment at four ISU Championships.

Caitlin Mallory
Caitlin Mallory (born June 2, 1987) is an American former ice dancer. She is the 2005 Golden Spin of Zagreb silver medalist with Brent Holdburg. In 2008, she began appearing internationally for Estonia with Kristjan Rand. They competed in the final segment at four ISU Championships.
Wake turbulence
Wake turbulence is a disturbance in the atmosphere that forms behind an aircraft as it passes through the air. It is primarily associated with trailing vortices generated as the aircraft produces lift, most notably wingtip vortices.

Wake turbulence is especially hazardous in the region behind an aircraft in the takeoff or landing phases of flight. During takeoff and landing, an aircraft operates at a high angle of attack. This flight attitude maximizes the formation of strong vortices. In the vicinity of an airport, there can be multiple aircraft, all operating at low speed and low altitude; this provides an extra risk of wake turbulence with a reduced height from which to recover from any upset.

Wingtip device
Wingtip devices are intended to improve the efficiency of fixed-wing aircraft by reducing drag. Although there are several types of wing tip devices which function in different manners, their intended effect is always to reduce an aircraft's drag. Such devices reduce drag by increasing the height of the lifting system, without greatly increasing the wingspan. Extending the span would reduce lift-induced drag, but would increase parasitic drag and would require boosting the strength and weight of the wing. At some point, there is no net benefit from further increased span. There may also be operational considerations that limit the allowable wingspan (e.g., available width at airport gates).
Shannon Zenk
Shannon Nicole Zenk is an American nurse scientist specialized in researching social inequities and health disparities. She is director of the National Institute of Nursing Research from September 2020. She is currently in administrative leave

National Institute of Nursing Research
The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), as part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, supports clinical and basic research to establish a scientific basis for the nursing care of individuals across the life span—from management of patients during illness and recovery, to the reduction of risks for disease and disability, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.