hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour (known until the end of 2008 as the ATP Challenger Series) is a series of international men's professional tennis tournaments. It was founded in 1976 as a replacement for the ILTF Satellite Circuit (founded in 1971) as the second tier of tennis.

The Challenger Tour events are the second-highest tier of tennis competition, behind the ATP Tour and ahead of the ITF World Tennis Tour tournaments. The ATP Challenger Tour is administered by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Players who succeed on the ATP Challenger Tour earn sufficient ranking points to enter the main or qualifying draws at ATP Tour tournaments. Players on the Challenger Tour are typically young players looking to advance their careers, those who fail to qualify for ATP events, or former ATP Tour players looking to return to the top tour.

Sioux Falls Challenger
The MarketBeat Open (sponsored by MarketBeat) is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was first held in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States in 2024.
Manuel, Hereditary Prince of Portugal (1531–1537)
Manuel (11 November 1531 – 14 April 1537), was the Hereditary Prince of Portugal from 1535 to his death in 1537. He was the fifth child and second son of king John III of Portugal and Catherine of Austria.

In 1535, his father officially designated him as Prince of Portugal, taking the place of his eldest sister Infanta Maria Manuela. However, after his premature death at five years old, his younger brother Infante Filipe became the next Prince of Portugal.

Philip, Hereditary Prince of Portugal
Philip (25 March 1533 – 29 April 1539) was the Hereditary Prince of Portugal from 1537 to his death in 1539. He was the sixth child and third son of king John III of Portugal and Catherine of Austria.

In 1537, he succeeded his brother Prince Manuel as Prince of Portugal, after his premature death.
After Philip's own premature death two years later, after reaching six years old, his younger brother Infante João Manuel became the next Prince of Portugal.
Alliance Airlines
Alliance Airlines Pty Limited is an Australian airline based at Brisbane Airport in Brisbane, Queensland, with operational bases in Adelaide, Cairns, Perth, Townsville, Darwin, and Rockhampton. Alliance Airlines owns and operates a fleet of Fokker and Embraer jet aircraft:  Fokker 70, Fokker 100 and Embraer 190. Alliance runs fly-in fly-out (FIFO) air charter services for the Australian mining and resources industry, as well as private aircraft charters throughout Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific Islands and South East Asia. Alliance also provides aircraft component sales and leasing worldwide.

Fokker 70
The Fokker 70 is a narrow-body, twin-engined, medium-range, turbofan regional airliner designed and produced by the now defunct Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.

It was developed during the early 1990s as a smaller version of the newly-developed Fokker 100. Both the Fokker 70 and Fokker 100 were preceded by the first jet airliner manufactured by the company, the Fokker F28 Fellowship. On 4 April 1993, the type performed its maiden flight, while it was introduced to service during the following year. The Fokker 70 was in production for only a relatively short period, between 1992 and 1997, during which 47 aircraft, as well as a single prototype, were completed. Its production had been terminated as a result of the bankruptcy of Fokker in 1996. There had been persistent efforts to restart production of the Fokker 70 by Rekkof. As of June 2022, 34 aircraft of the original production run are reportedly still in active service with various airlines and governments around the world.
My High
"My High" is a song by British electronic music duo Disclosure, American rapper Aminé and British rapper Slowthai. It was released as the fourth single from the duo's third studio album Energy on 3 July 2020. The song was written by Howard Lawrence, Guy Lawrence, Adam Daniel and Tyron Frampton. The song was nominated for the 2021 Grammy Awards for "Best Dance Recording".

Disclosure (band)
Disclosure is an English electronic music duo consisting of brothers Howard (born 11 May 1994) and Guy Lawrence (born 25 May 1991). They grew up in Reigate, Surrey. Their debut studio album, Settle, released on 3 June 2013, by PMR Records, was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards. They released a second studio album, Caracal, on 25 September 2015 which was also nominated for Best Dance/Electronic Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards. Their third studio album, Energy, was released on 28 August 2020, and was nominated for Best Dance/Electronic Album at the 2021 Grammy Awards, alongside the fourth single from the album, "My High", which was nominated for Best Dance Recording.
Bussard ramjet
Interstellar medium

Collect and compress hydrogen

Transport hydrogen beside the payload

Thermonuclear fusion

Engine nozzle

Flue gas jet

The Bussard ramjet is a theoretical method of spacecraft propulsion for interstellar travel. A fast moving spacecraft scoops up hydrogen from the interstellar medium using an enormous funnel-shaped magnetic field (ranging from kilometers to many thousands of kilometers in diameter); the hydrogen is compressed until thermonuclear fusion occurs, which provides thrust to counter the drag created by the funnel and energy to power the magnetic field. The Bussard ramjet can thus be seen as a ramjet variant of a fusion rocket.

The Bussard ramjet was proposed in 1960 by the physicist Robert W. Bussard.

The concept was popularized by Poul Anderson in his novel Tau Zero, Larry Niven in his Known Space series of books, Vernor Vinge in his Zones of Thought series, and Carl Sagan, as referenced in the television series and book Cosmos.

Ramjet
A ramjet is a form of airbreathing jet engine that requires forward motion of the engine to provide air for combustion. Ramjets work most efficiently at supersonic speeds around Mach 3 (2,300 mph; 3,700 km/h) and can operate up to Mach 6 (4,600 mph; 7,400 km/h).

Ramjets can be particularly appropriate in uses requiring a compact mechanism for high speed, such as missiles. Weapons designers are investigating ramjet technology for use in artillery shells to increase range; a 120 mm ramjet-assisted mortar shell is thought to be able to travel 35 km (22 mi). They have been used, though not efficiently, as tip jets on the ends of helicopter rotors.
Ethics of technology
The ethics of technology is a sub-field of ethics addressing ethical questions specific to the technology age, the transitional shift in society wherein personal computers and subsequent devices provide for the quick and easy transfer of information. Technology ethics is the application of ethical thinking to growing concerns as new technologies continue to rise in prominence.

The topic has evolved as technologies have developed. Technology poses an ethical dilemma on producers and consumers alike.

The subject of technoethics, or the ethical implications of technology, have been studied by different philosophers such as Hans Jonas and Mario Bunge.

Hans Jonas
Hans Jonas (/ˈjoʊnɑːs/; German: [ˈjoːnas]; 10 May 1903 – 5 February 1993) was a German and American philosopher. From 1955 to 1976 he was the Alvin Johnson Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City.
Ostropales
The Ostropales are an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes.  The order was circumscribed by Swedish botanist John Axel Nannfeldt in 1932. The order contains 4 families and 46 genera, including 6 genera of uncertain familial placement.

Cryptodiscus
Cryptodiscus is a genus of fungi in the family Stictidaceae. These tiny fungi primarily decompose weathered wood, producing minute, cup-shaped fruiting bodies that remain mostly embedded within their substrate and open through small pores. Most species are wood-decaying saprotrophs found on bark-free branches and logs; one species forms thin, lichen-like crusts on soil and dead moss. The genus is distributed worldwide in boreal and temperate regions.
Fred Warmsley
Fred Welton Warmsley III (born September 22, 1987) is an American record producer and sound artist from Sacramento, California. Initially known for his work with the East Coast hip hop collective Pro Era, he has since produced in several genres including breakcore, ambient and noise music. He has released eight extended plays and two albums since 2013, including his critically acclaimed debut Alternate/Endings (2013) and its follow-up, $uccessor (2016).

Successor (album)
Successor (stylized as $uccessor) is the debut studio album by American experimental artist Fred Warmsley, under the alias Dedekind Cut. It was released on 11 November 2016, by NON Worldwide and Hospital Productions. The album features guest vocals from Active Child, as well as co-production from producer Al Carlson, influential for his work on Oneohtrix Point Never's Replica and St. Vincent's Marry Me.
Certified General Accountant
Certified General Accountant (CGA) is a professional designation granted to Canadian accountants. A person who meets the education, experience and examination requirements of the Certified General Accountants of Canada (CGA-Canada) is entitled to use the professional designation and add the letters "CGA" to their title. A CGA is jointly a member of CGA-Canada and a provincial or territorial CGA association, or a CGA association overseas.

CGAs work throughout the world in industry, commerce, finance, government, public practice and the not-for-profit sector. CGA-Canada is working with the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada (CPA Canada) to integrate operations under the CPA banner in 2014. Those with a CGA designation will be automatically granted the Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA) designation and are required to use both concurrently until 2024, (noted as CPA, CGA) and then adjust to the CPA designation alone just for it.

Chartered Professional Accountant
Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA; French: comptable professionnel agréé) is the professional designation which united the three Canadian accounting designations that previously existed:

Chartered Accountant (CA),
Certified General Accountant  (CGA)
Certified Management Accountant (CMA).

CPA Canada is the national organization that represents the profession, and the CPA designation has been in use by members of all constituent accounting bodies in the provinces, territories and Bermuda since 2014. The legislative process for implementing the new designation began in Quebec in May 2012, and was completed in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut in January 2019.
Ernst Homberger
Ernst Jakob Homberger (5 July 1869 – 13 January 1955) was a Swiss industrialist. He was the director of the industrial company Georg Fischer from 1902 and the director of the watch manufacturer IWC Schaffhausen from 1905.

Georg Fischer (company)
Georg Fischer (abbreviated GF) comprises four divisions GF Piping Systems, GF Building Flow Solutions (since November 2023), GF Casting Solutions, and GF Machining Solutions. Founded in 1802, the corporation is headquartered in Schaffhausen and is present in 45 countries, with 187 companies, 76 of them production facilities. Its over 19 000 employees generated sales of over CHF 4 billion in 2024. GF offers pipes for the safe transport of liquids and gases, lightweight casting components in vehicles, and high-precision manufacturing technologies.
Your Face (song)
"Your Face" is a song by the American musician Wisp. It was released on April 4, 2023 through Music Soup and Interscope Records as the lead single from her debut extended play (EP), Pandora (2024). The song was written by Wisp, while production was handled by Grayskies. Natalie Lu later went under the moniker, Wisp, and shifted to making music. Inspired by Whirr, Wisp sang over Grayskies' beat. The song gained traction on social media platforms.

Classified as a shoegaze song, "Your Face" is driven by a "metallic luster" of "towering" guitars. Its lyrics are surrounded around a person that Wisp loved talking to. Following its release, the song went viral on TikTok, which led to Wisp signing to Interscope Records. The track was later included in her debut extended play (EP) Pandora (2024). A music video directed by Nick Vernet and Boni Mata premiered in November 2023.

Wisp (musician)
Natalie R. Lu (born 2004), known professionally as Wisp, is an American musician, singer, and songwriter who rose to prominence with her 2023 single "Your Face". The song peaked at number seven on the Billboard Hot Hard Rock Songs and received a gold certification by Pro-Música Brasil. The following year, Lu released her debut EP, Pandora. In August 2025, she released the full-length album If Not Winter, which marked her first entry on the Billboard Top Current Album Sales chart, peaking at number 37.
Oh! My Zombie Mermaid
Oh! My Zombie Mermaid (あゝ!一軒家プロレス, Ā! Ikkenya puroresu) is a 2004 Japanese action comedy film directed by Naoki Kudo, written by Naoki Kudo and Izō Hashimoto, and starring Shinya Hashimoto, Sonim, Shirō Sano, and Nicholas Pettas.  Hashimoto plays a professional wrestler whose wife involuntarily turns into a mermaid.

Sonim
Seong Son-im (born March 10, 1983), known mononymously as Sonim (ソニン, Sonin), is a Japanese-born Korean actress and singer associated with Amuse Inc. She debuted in 2000 as the lead singer of the pop duo EE Jump. In 2002, she debuted as a solo singer with "Curry Rice no Onna", which then led to the release of her debut album, Hana, in 2004.

In 2003, Sonim made her first acting appearance in the television drama High School Teacher, where she won Best Newcomer at the 36th The Television Drama Academy Award. Eventually, she left her idol music career to pursue theater.
Amber Benson
Amber Benson (born January 8, 1977) is an American actress, writer, director, and producer. She is best known for her role as Tara Maclay on the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1999–2002), and has directed, produced and starred in her own films Chance (2002) and Lovers, Liars & Lunatics (2006). She also starred in the movie Kiss the Bride (2007). She co-directed the film Drones (2010) with fellow Buffy cast member Adam Busch, and starred as a waitress in the crime thriller The Killing Jar (2010).

Chance (2002 film)
Chance is a 2002 film, the directing debut of actress Amber Benson. Benson directed, wrote, produced and starred in this film. Many of Benson's co-stars from the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer appeared in the film.

As documented on Chance's official site, the cost of making the film ended up being more than triple the estimate. Though Benson originally thought that she would foot the bill herself, she decided to ask fans for support. Signed photos of Benson on the set of the film, as well as scripts and props, were sold to raise money.

Benson's production company, Benson Entertainment, distributes the movie on DVD and video.
Darci Shaw
Darci Louise Shaw (born 17 April 2002) is an English actress. Her films include Judy (2019), The Colour Room (2021) and Midas Man (2024). On television, she is known for her roles in the Netflix series The Irregulars (2021), the Disney+ series A Thousand Blows (2025–) and the BBC One series This City Is Ours (2025–).

This City Is Ours
This City Is Ours is a British crime drama television series created by Stephen Butchard for BBC One. Set in Liverpool, it was produced by Left Bank Pictures and premiered on 23 March 2025. In May 2025, it was renewed for a second series.
Li Yan (Yang Wu)
Li Yan (李儼) (died 918), né Zhang Xiu (張休) and later Zhang Bo (張播), was an emissary that Emperor Zhaozong of Tang sent to the warlord Yang Xingmi the military governor (Jiedushi) of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu) in 902, who would remain at Huainan Circuit as the Tang emperor's representative even after Tang's eventual destruction in 907.  He would be the one who formally bestowed Yang Xingmi's sons and successors Yang Wo and Yang Longyan with their formal titles on behalf of the Tang emperor during the initial years of the Yang family-ruled state of Yang Wu (also known as Hongnong).  In 918, after the general Zhu Jin assassinated Xu Zhixun the son of Yang Wu's regent Xu Wen, Xu Wen believed that Li was complicit in Zhu's plot and put him to death.

Xu Wen
Xu Wen (Chinese: 徐溫) (862 – November 20, 927), courtesy name Dunmei (敦美), formally Prince Zhongwu of Qi (齊忠武王), later further posthumously honored Emperor Wu (武皇帝) with the temple name Yizu (義祖) by his adoptive son Xu Zhigao after Xu Zhigao founded the state of Southern Tang, was a major general and regent of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Wu. He took over the reins of the Wu state (then also known as Hongnong) after assassinating, with his colleague Zhang Hao, Yang Wo, the first Prince of Hongnong, and then killing Zhang. Xu was in essence the decision-maker throughout the reign of Yang Wo's brother and successor Yang Longyan and the first part of the reign of Yang Longyan's brother and successor Yang Pu.  After his death, Xu Zhigao inherited his position as regent, eventually seizing the Wu throne and establishing Southern Tang.
ThinkPad Tablet 2
The ThinkPad Tablet 2 is a tablet computer announced in 2012 and released by Lenovo in 2013.

The Tablet 2 is the successor to the original Android-based ThinkPad Tablet, and was one of the launch tablet devices for the touch-oriented Microsoft Windows 8 operating system. The success of the device has led to successor models, the ThinkPad 8 (2013) and both generations of the ThinkPad 10 (2014), also using Windows in place of Android.

ThinkPad 8
The ThinkPad 8 is a business-oriented tablet computer with an eight-inch touchscreen, released by Lenovo in January 2014.  It is one of the Lenovo's first Windows-based small-screen tablet devices, along with the Lenovo Miix 2, and also one of the first with a high-resolution full HD display.  Along with the first-generation ThinkPad 10, it is part of the third generation of ThinkPad-branded tablets, succeeding the ThinkPad Tablet 2.
Missionary Man (comics)
Missionary Man is British comic strip. It debuted in the Judge Dredd Megazine in May 1993 with the introductory 7-page story "Salvation at the Last Chance Saloon", illustrated by Frank Quitely. It established that tall Preacher Cain rides the Cursed Earth performing "special sermons" in the radiation-poisoned towns, tutoring the damned with a bible and his guns. In this first outing, having educated and decimated a table of gambling mutant heavyweights he rides into the sunset, tossing a bible at the surviving townspeople - which contains a thermonuclear explosive.

In 1998 the strip transitioned to the weekly 2000 AD.

Frank Quitely
Vincent Patrick Deighan (born 18 January 1968), better known by the pen name Frank Quitely, is a Scottish comic book artist. He is best known for his frequent collaborations with Grant Morrison on titles such as New X-Men, We3, All-Star Superman, and Batman and Robin, as well as his work with Mark Millar on The Authority, Jupiter's Legacy, and The Ambassadors.
Housos vs. Authority
Housos vs. Authority is a 2012 Australian comedy film, based upon the stories and characters of the Housos television series, created by Paul Fenech.

The film was released to Australian cinemas on 1 November 2012, following several pre-release screenings around the country. Directed, produced and written by Fenech, the film was made for a modest budget of $200,000 and was distributed by Transmission Films. Upon release, the film was a box office success, grossing $1,386,692 throughout Australia.

Paul Fenech
Paul Fenech (born 21 November 1972) is an Australian filmmaker, film and television actor, director, producer and writer. He is best known for writing, directing, producing and starring in the television series Pizza, Swift and Shift Couriers, Housos, Bogan Hunters, Fat Pizza: Back in Business, Housos vs. Virus: The Lockdown and Darradong Local Council as well as the motion pictures Fat Pizza (2003), Housos vs. Authority (2012), Fat Pizza vs. Housos (2014) and Dumb Criminals: The Movie (2015).
Paul Muldoon
Paul Muldoon  is an Irish poet, born in 1951. He has published more than thirty collections and won a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and the T. S. Eliot Prize.  At Princeton University he has been both the Howard G. B. Clark '21 University Professor in the Humanities and Founding Chair of the Lewis Center for the Arts. He held the post of Oxford Professor of Poetry from 1999 to 2004 and has also served as president of the Poetry Society (UK) and poetry editor at The New Yorker.

Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill
Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill (Irish pronunciation: [ˈn̪ˠuəlˠə n̠ʲiː ˈɣoːnˠəl̠ʲ]; born 1952) is a modern Irish poet whose works have been described as having a "major influence in revitalizing the Irish language in modern poetry".
A Sign of Affection
A Sign of Affection (Japanese: ゆびさきと恋々, Hepburn: Yubisaki to Renren; lit. 'Fingertips and Affection') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Suu Morishita. It started serialization in Kodansha's Dessert magazine in July 2019. As of November 2025, thirteen tankōbon volumes have been released. An anime television series adaptation produced by Ajiado aired from January to March 2024.

Dessert (magazine)
Dessert (デザート, Dezāto) is a Japanese shōjo/josei manga magazine published by Kodansha. Originally launching as a supplementary issue to Kiss, it began as a new shōjo magazine in 1996 after the demise of Shōjo Friend. The series that were still ongoing in Shōjo Friend were then moved to Dessert or to its special edition The Dessert.
1982 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1982 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 1982. Incumbent Democratic Governor Edgar Herschler ran for re-election to a third term. He faced former State House Speaker Warren A. Morton in the general election after several prominent Republicans, including then-Congressman Dick Cheney, declined to challenge him. However, Herschler remained personally popular and the national political environment favored Democrats, and he had little difficulty defeating Morton to win a third term. In doing so, Herschler became the first (and, with the subsequent adoption of gubernatorial term limits, likely the last) Governor of Wyoming to win three terms in office.

Edgar Herschler
Edgar Jacob Herschler (October 27, 1918 – February 5, 1990) was an American politician and attorney who served as the 28th governor of Wyoming from 1975 to 1987. A member of the Democratic Party, he is the longest-serving governor of Wyoming, with three full terms; since a two-term limit for governors was approved by a ballot initiative in 1992, he has remained as such.
Thiago Santos
Thiago de Lima Santos (born January 7, 1984) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division. Santos competed in the Professional Fighters League (PFL) and in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) in the Light Heavyweight and Middleweight divisions, and he challenged for the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship once in July 2019 A professional competitor since 2010, he gained entrance into the UFC by competing on The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 2.

Jamahal Hill
Jamahal Alexander Hill (/dʒəˈmɑːl/; born May 19, 1991) is an American professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion. As of December 9, 2025, he is #7 in the UFC light heavyweight rankings.