hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Makgatho Mandela
Makgatho Lewanika Mandela (26 June 1950 – 6 January 2005) was the son of Nelson Mandela and his first wife Evelyn Mase. He is the father of Ndaba Mandela and Inkosi Zwelivelile Mandla Mandela. He died of AIDS on 6 January 2005 in Johannesburg.

Ndaba Mandela
Ndaba Thembekile Zweliyajika Mandela (born 23 December 1982) is an author, mentor, spokesperson, entrepreneur, political consultant, and the grandson of Nelson Mandela. He was born in Soweto, South Africa.

Mandela is currently the co-founder and chairman of the Mandela Institute for Humanity.

He is active in keeping the legacy of his grandfather alive, and introducing Nelson Mandela to a younger generation. He is the co-founder and chairman of Africa Rising Foundation.  He is also the founder of the Mandela Project. He was part of the team for the Mandela Centenary in 2018.

From 2014 - 2021 Ndaba was Vice President of the Pan-African Youth Council which is now called the Pan African Youth Parliament which works closely with the African Union.

He is the longest serving global ambassador for UNAIDS, a specialized agency of the United Nations that campaigns to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Both of his parents died from the disease.
Cendere, Nallıhan
Cendere (historically known as Çandar) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nallıhan, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 59 (2022).

Despite its small size today, during the early days of the Ottoman Empire, Cendere (then named Çandar) was an important town, and the politically powerful and wealthy Çandarlı family originated from the village, as did the first Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Alaeddin Pasha.

Çandarlı family
The Çandarlı family (Ottoman Turkish: چاندارلی عائله سی; Turkish: Çandarlı ailesi) was a prominent Turkish political family which provided the Ottoman Empire with five grand viziers during the 14th and 15th centuries. At the time, it was the second most important family after the Ottoman dynasty itself.
Inquisition Symphony (album)
Inquisition Symphony is the second studio album by the Finnish metal band Apocalyptica. The album branches from their previous effort, containing only four Metallica covers. The remainder of the compositions are by Faith No More, Pantera, and Sepultura, as well as three originals by Apocalyptica bandleader Eicca Toppinen. In this album, some songs add percussive beats on the cellos. Max Lilja did the arrangements for "One". A sequel to "Toreador" appeared on the album Reflections.

Max Lilja
Max Lilja (born 27 October 1975) is a Finnish cello player. He is best known as a founding member of the Finnish cello metal band Apocalyptica, a band he left in 2001 to join the Finnish thrash metal band Hevein. Beginning in 2007, Lilja has been a recording and touring member of Tarja Turunen's solo band. Throughout his career, Lilja has continued to play classical music alongside rock, metal, and crossover projects.
Smoothness
In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of continuous derivatives it has over its domain.

A function of class  is a function of smoothness at least k;  that is, a function of class  is a function that has a kth derivative that is continuous in its domain.

A function of class  or -function (pronounced C-infinity function) is an infinitely   differentiable function, that is, a function that has derivatives of all orders (this implies that all these derivatives are continuous).

Generally, the term smooth function refers to a -function. However, it may also mean "sufficiently differentiable" for the problem under consideration.

Non-analytic smooth function
In mathematics, smooth functions (also called infinitely differentiable functions) and analytic functions are two very important types of functions. One can easily prove that any analytic function of a real argument is smooth. The converse is not true, as demonstrated with the counterexample below.

One of the most important applications of smooth functions with compact support is the construction of so-called mollifiers, which are important in theories of generalized functions, such as Laurent Schwartz's theory of distributions.

The existence of smooth but non-analytic functions represents one of the main differences between differential geometry and analytic geometry. In terms of sheaf theory, this difference can be stated as follows: the sheaf of differentiable functions on a differentiable manifold is fine, in contrast with the analytic case.

The functions below are generally used to build up partitions of unity on differentiable manifolds.
Le Fort III osteotomy
Le Fort III osteotomy is a surgical procedure primarily used to correct growth failure or other deformity of the mid-face involving the upper jaw (maxilla), nose, cheek bones (zygoma), and portions of the orbits. It is a type of orthagnathic surgery typically conducted by plastic, craniofacial, and/or oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The surgery is typically completed in patients with craniofacial deformities, but is also utilized following facial traumas and for aesthetics.

Le Fort I osteotomy
The Le Fort I osteotomy is a surgical procedure to realign the upper jaw (maxilla). This procedure is a type of orthognathic surgery that is primarily performed to fix deformities of the face and jaw, improve facial aesthetics, treat malocclusions (misaligned teeth), and treat certain medical conditions, such as obstructive sleep apnea. The surgery involves separating the maxilla from the rest of the skull and then repositioning it.
Doug Owens
Doug Owens is an American politician from Utah that represents District 33 in the Utah House of Representatives. He ran for Congress twice for Utah's 4th District.  He was the Democratic nominee for Congress in this district in 2014 and 2016, and he was defeated by Mia Love both times.

Wayne Owens
Douglas Wayne Owens (May 2, 1937 – December 18, 2002) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Utah's 2nd congressional district from 1973 to 1975 and again from 1987 to 1993. He was posthumously inducted into the Hinckley Institute of Politics hall of Fame.
Sisi & I
Sisi & I (German: Sisi & Ich) is a 2023 historical black comedy film directed by Frauke Finsterwalder, who co-wrote the screenplay with Christian Kracht. It stars Susanne Wolff as Empress Elisabeth of Austria and Sandra Hüller as Countess Irma Sztáray. It tells a fictionalized story of Empress Elisabeth of Austria from the point of view of her lady-in-waiting, Irma Sztáray. The film is an international co-production between Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Sisi & I made its world premiere in the Panorama section of the 2023 Berlin Film Festival on 19 February 2023. It was released theatrically in Austria by Panda Film, and in Germany and Switzerland by DCM on 30 March 2023.

Finsterwalder won the 2023 Bavarian Film Award for Best Director for the film. It also received four nominations for the 2023 German Film Award, including Best Actress for Sandra Hüller, and won the award for Best Costume Design. The film also received the Austrian Film Award for Best Costume Design in 2024.

Christian Kracht
Christian Kracht (German pronunciation: [ˈkraxt]; born 29 December 1966) is a Swiss author, journalist, and screenwriter.

His writing deals with key themes of popular culture and consumerism, and his novels often show disillusioned conclusions. His work has been subject to some critical controversy. His books have been translated into more than 30 languages.
Reaction Motors
Reaction Motors, Inc. (RMI) was an early American maker of liquid-fueled rocket engines, located in New Jersey. RMI engines with 6,000 lbf (27 kN) thrust powered the Bell X-1 rocket aircraft that first broke the sound barrier in 1947, and later aircraft such the X-1A, X-1E, and the Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. A 20,000 lbf (89 kN) thrust RMI engine also powered the Viking research rocket, the first large liquid-fueled US high-altitude rocket. RMI was merged with Thiokol in 1958, where it produced the XLR-99 engine that powered the X-15 rocket aircraft.

Bell X-1
The Bell X-1 (Bell Model 44) is a rocket engine–powered aircraft, designated originally as the XS-1, and was a joint National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics–U.S. Army Air Forces–U.S. Air Force supersonic research project built by Bell Aircraft. Conceived during 1944 and designed and built in 1945, it achieved a speed of nearly 1,000 miles per hour (1,600 km/h; 870 kn) in 1948. A derivative of this same design, the Bell X-1A, having greater fuel capacity and hence longer rocket burning time, exceeded 1,600 miles per hour (2,600 km/h; 1,400 kn) in 1954. The X-1 aircraft #46-062, nicknamed Glamorous Glennis and flown by Chuck Yeager, was the first piloted airplane to exceed the speed of sound in level flight and was the first of the X-planes, a series of American experimental rocket planes (and non-rocket planes) designed for testing new technologies.
Countess Kitchenmaid
Countess Kitchenmaid (German: Gräfin Küchenfee) is a 1918 German silent comedy film directed by Rudolf Biebrach and starring Henny Porten, Heinrich Schroth and Martin Lübbert. While her mistress is away on an adulterous adventure, a young maid takes her place to convince a visiting dignitary that she is there with the other servants impersonating aristocrats.

Rudolf Biebrach
Rudolf Biebrach (24 November 1866 – 5 September 1938) was a German actor and film director. He directed over 70 films between 1909 and 1930; and he appeared as an actor in nearly 110 films between 1909 and 1938. In his youth, Biebrach had worked for some years as an engraver. He got his first engagement as an actor in Gießen during 1890/1891. After a long career as a stage actor, Biebrach managed to become a successful director and character actor in the German film during the 1910s. He directed many films with Henny Porten and Lotte Neumann.
Pactya
Pactya or Paktye (Ancient Greek: Πακτύη) was an ancient Greek city located in ancient Thrace, on the Thracian Chersonesus. It is cited in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, in its recitation of the towns of the Thracian Chersonesus, along with Aegospotami, Cressa, Crithote and then Pactya, situated 36 stadia from Cardia. It is said that Miltiades founded it.
Strabo places it on the Propontis between Crithote and Macron Teichos. According to Herodotus, Miltiades the Elder ordered a wall built between Cardia, which was on the coast of Gulf of Melas and Pactya, which was on the Propontis side, to prevent invasion of the Chersonesus by the Apsinthii. Alcibiades retired here the Athenians had for the second time deprived him of the command. It was a member of the Delian League.
Pliny the Elder points out that both Cardia and Pactya later joined to form Lysimachia.

Its site is located 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Bolayır, Turkey.

Cressa (Thrace)
Cressa or Kressa (Ancient Greek: Κρῆσσα) was an ancient Greek city located in ancient Thrace, on the Thracian Chersonesus. It is cited in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, in the second position of its recitation of the towns of the Thracian Chersonesus, along with Aegospotami, Cressa, Crithote and Pactya. It may be the same town cited by Pliny the Elder as Crissa on the Propontis.

Its site is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northeast of Aigospotamoi, Turkey.
Super Girl (Super Junior song)
"Super Girl" is a song by Mandopop boy band Super Junior-M from their mini album, Super Girl. Written and produced by Yoo Young-jin, the single served as the mini album's first promotional single. The song was released on 14 September 2009, along with the release of its corresponding music video. It is one of Super Junior-M's critically successful singles, winning accolades at various Chinese music festivals.

The track "Super Girl" is listed at number 29 on Hit Fm Taiwan's Hit Fm Annual Top 100 Singles Chart for 2009.

Yoo Young-jin
Yoo Young-jin is a South Korean singer-songwriter, record producer and vocal trainer formerly under SM Entertainment. He has produced and written songs for H.O.T., S.E.S, BoA, Shinhwa, TVXQ, CSJH The Grace, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, f(x), EXO, Red Velvet, NCT and aespa.
Alexander Pietrov
Alexander Ivanovich Pietrov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Петро́в; born 1 September [O.S. 19 August] 1915, died 1 September [O.S. 19 August] 1915) was a statesman of the Russian Empire, member of the Governing Senate, governor of Minsk Governorate and Kharkov Governorate, deputy governor of Siedlce Governorate.

Minsk Governorate
Minsk Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Minsk. It was created from the land acquired in the partitions of Poland and existed from 1793 until 1921. Its territory covered the majority of modern-day Belarus.
Princess Changning
Princess Changning (Chinese: 長寧公主; pinyin: Chángníng gōngzhǔ; 680 – after 728) was a Chinese princess, the daughter of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and Empress Wei.  She was known as her father's favourite daughter.  She held significant influence within the court.

She married Yang Shenjiao of Hongnong, Duke Guan (弘農 楊慎交; 675–724), and had issue (two sons and one daughter); she then married Su Yanbo (蘇彥伯; 687–745) in 728.

Empress Wei (Tang dynasty)
Empress Wei (Chinese: 韋皇后; pinyin: Wéi Huánghòu; personal name unknown; died July 21, 710) was an empress consort of the Chinese Tang dynasty. She was the second wife of Emperor Zhongzong, who reigned twice, and during his second reign, she tried to emulate the example of her mother-in-law Wu Zetian and seize power. She was de facto in charge of the governmental affairs during her husband's reign, though she was not formally regent. Emperor Zhongzong's death in 710 — a death traditionally believed to be a poisoning she carried out together with her daughter Li Guo'er the Princess Anle — made  her the empress dowager, and she took formal power as regent de jure during the minority of Emperor Shang of Tang. After a reign of seventeen days as regent, she was overthrown and killed in a coup led by Emperor Zhongzong's nephew Li Longji (the later Emperor Xuanzong) and Emperor Zhongzong's sister Princess Taiping.
Wild Flower (film)
Wild Flower (Spanish: Flor silvestre) is a 1943 Mexican historical film directed by Emilio Fernández and starring Dolores del Río and Pedro Armendáriz. It is the first Mexican movie of Dolores del Río after her career in silent and Hollywood's Golden Age films. It is the first movie of an extended collaboration between Fernández-Del Rio-Armendáriz, Gabriel Figueroa (cinematography) and Mauricio Magdaleno (writer). It also marked the debut of Emilia Guiú in a small role as an extra. The film is considered one of the defining films of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema (1936-1956).

Emilio Fernández
Emilio Fernández Romo (Spanish: [eˈmiljo feɾˈnandes ˈromo]; 26 March 1904 – 6 August 1986), nicknamed "El Indio" (lit. "The Indian"), was a Mexican film director, screenwriter, and actor. He was one of the most prolific and acclaimed film directors of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema in the 1940s and '50s. His film María Candelaria (1944) won the Palme d'Or at the 1946 Cannes Film Festival, the first Mexican film to receive the honor. As an actor, he worked in numerous film productions in both Mexico and in Hollywood.
Conrad Hauser
Conrad Caspar Hauser (16 February 1743 – 14 December 1824)  was a Swiss-Danish merchant, developer and philanthropist. He contributed to the rebuilding of Copenhagen after the British bombardment of the city in 1807, building many of the houses on Hauser Plads which was later named after him. He was director of the Danish Asiatic Company from 1815 to 1824.

Danish Asiatic Company
Danish Asiatic Company (Danish: Asiatisk Kompagni) was a Danish trading company established in 1730 to revive Danish-Norwegian trade on the Danish East Indies and China following the closure of the Danish East India Company. It was granted a 40-year monopoly on Danish trade on Asia in 1732 and taken over by the Danish government in 1772. It was headquartered at Asiatisk Plads in Copenhagen. Its former premises are now used by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Lee Pressman
Lee Pressman (July 1, 1906 – November 20, 1969) was a labor attorney and earlier a US government functionary, publicly alleged in 1948 to have been a spy for Soviet intelligence during the mid-1930s (as a member of the Ware Group), following his recent departure from Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) as a result of its purge of Communist Party members and fellow travelers.  From 1936 to 1948, he represented the CIO and member unions in landmark collective bargaining deals with major corporations including General Motors and U.S. Steel.  According to journalist Murray Kempton, anti-communists referred to him as "Comrade Big."

John Abt
John Jacob Abt (May 1, 1904 – August 10, 1991) was an American lawyer and politician, who spent most of his career as chief counsel to the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) and was a member of the Communist Party and the Soviet spy network "Ware Group" as alleged by Whittaker Chambers.
Jag Jeondeyan De Mele
Jag Jeondeyan De Mele is a 2009 Punjabi movie, directed by Baljit Singh Deo and produced by Harbhajan Mann, Kulwinder Sanghera, Baljinder Sanghera, Gulzar Inder Chahal, and Surinder Sanghera. It was released in India on 20 February 2009. The title is based on an old Punjabi phrase, which literally means- "when you are alive, life's a carnival" (in the movie, it differs due to the change in context, where it is deciphered as- "You meet until you are alive").

Harbhakan Mann and Tulip Joshi star as lovers from different social castes, with Joshi making her Punjabi film debut.

Harbhajan Mann
Harbhajan Singh Mann is an Indian-Canadian singer, actor and film producer associated with Punjabi music and cinema. His movies include Jee Aayan Nu (2002), Asa Nu Maan Watna Da (2004), Heer Ranjha (2009) and Jag Jeondeyan De Mele (2009).
Nicholas Anthony DiMarzio
Nicholas Anthony DiMarzio (born June 16, 1944) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as bishop of the Diocese of Brooklyn in New York City from 2003 to 2021.

DiMarzio previously served as bishop of the Diocese of Camden in New Jersey from 1999 to 2003 and as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Newark in New Jersey from 1996 to 1999.

Archdiocese of Newark
The Archdiocese of Newark (Latin: Archidiœcesis Novarcensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church in northeastern New Jersey in the United States.

The mother church of the archdiocese is the Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Newark. Cardinal Joseph Tobin has been the archbishop of Newark since 2017.
The Model and the Marriage Broker
The Model and the Marriage Broker is a 1951 American romantic comedy film directed by George Cukor, produced by Charles Brackett and starring Jeanne Crain, Scott Brady and Thelma Ritter. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Costume Design.

Scott Brady (actor)
Scott Brady (born Gerard Kenneth Tierney; September 13, 1924 – April 16, 1985) was an American film and television actor best known for his roles in Western films and as a ubiquitous television presence. He played the title role in the television series Shotgun Slade (1959–1961).
Alsask
Alsask is a special service area in the Rural Municipality of Milton No. 292, in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Alsask is located 60 km (37 mi) west of the town of Kindersley. Highway 44 runs to the east of Alsask, and Highway 7 lies a few kilometres to the north. The community had a population of 113 in the 2021 Canadian census (a 1.8% increase from 111 in the 2016 Canadian census).

The community's name combines the names of Alberta and Saskatchewan, although it is a misconception that it straddles the border between the two provinces. It lies approximately 300 m (980 ft) east of the Alberta border and while the community lies completely within Saskatchewan, the local cemetery is actually in Alberta. Alsask's most notable landmark is one of three remaining radar domes that for many years operated as Canadian Forces Detachment Alsask as part of the Pinetree Line, operated by the Canadian Armed Forces. Southeast of the town is Alsask Lake.

Rural Municipality of Milton No. 292
The Rural Municipality of Milton No. 292 (2016 population: 241) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 13 and SARM Division No. 6. Located in the west-central portion of the province, it is adjacent to the Alberta boundary.

The name probably came from Milton, Ontario which in turn was named after the English Poet, John Milton, where the surname Milton means "mill town".
Eric Winter
Eric Barrett Winter (born July 17, 1976) is an American actor. He has appeared in the television roles of Sergeant Tim Bradford on the ABC show The Rookie (2018-present), Rex Brady on the NBC soap opera Days of Our Lives, FBI Special Agent Craig O'Laughlin on the CBS drama series The Mentalist (2010–2012), Dash Gardiner on the Lifetime fantasy-drama series Witches of East End (2013–2014), and The Good Doctor (2017-2018). His film appearances include Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay (2008) and The Ugly Truth (2009).

Witches of East End (TV series)
Witches of East End is an American television series based on the 2011 novel of the same name by Melissa de la Cruz. The series premiered on Lifetime on October 6, 2013, and ended on October 5, 2014, after two seasons. Set in the fictional seaside town of East End, it follows the lives of a family of witches – Joanna Beauchamp (Julia Ormond) and her two grown-up daughters, Freya Beauchamp (Jenna Dewan) and Ingrid Beauchamp (Rachel Boston), as well as her sister Wendy Beauchamp (Mädchen Amick).

On November 22, 2013, Lifetime renewed Witches of East End for a second season to consist of 13 episodes, which premiered on July 6, 2014. On November 4, 2014, Lifetime cancelled Witches of East End after a decline in ratings during the second season. The series finale aired on October 5, 2014.
Reading Buses
Reading Transport Limited, trading as Reading Buses, is an English municipal bus operator owned by Reading Borough Council, serving the towns of Reading, Bracknell, Newbury, Slough, Windsor, Maidenhead, Wokingham and the surrounding areas in the counties of Berkshire, Oxfordshire, Surrey and Hampshire, as well as parts of Greater London.

Windsor, Berkshire
Windsor is a historic town in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. It is the site of Windsor Castle, one of the official residences of the British monarch. The town is situated 21.8 miles (35.1 km) west of Charing Cross, central London, 5.8 miles (9.3 km) southeast of Maidenhead, and 15.8 miles (25.4 km) east of the modern county town of Reading. It is immediately south of the River Thames, which forms its boundary with its smaller, ancient twin town of Eton. The village of Old Windsor, just over 2 miles (3 km) to the south, predates what is now called Windsor by, possibly, 300 years. Until 1974, Windsor was correctly referred to as New Windsor to distinguish the two.