hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Rudge
Daniel Rudge (1840 – 26 June 1880) was a British engineer who built high-end bicycles and velocipedes.  Rudge invented the adjustable ball bearing bicycle hub (British Patent No 526) in 1878.

The French racing cyclist Charles Terront, renowned for winning the first Paris–Brest–Paris event in 1891, used Rudge's axles with much success thereby bringing world attention to Rudge.  In the years before John Dunlop invented the pneumatic tyre, Rudge addressed the rough ride by producing a four-bladed, spring-suspended fork in 1887.

After Rudge's death, his company was merged with The Tangent & Coventry Tricycle Company to form D. Rudge & Co. which in 1894 became Rudge Whitworth Cycles. By 1911, the Rudge Whitworth Cycle Company was also manufacturing motorcycles.

After the company fell on hard times in the Great Depression, the music company EMI bought the Rudge name.  EMI produced bicycles under the Rudge name from 1935 until 1943 when they sold the name to Raleigh.

Rudge-Whitworth
Rudge Whitworth Cycles was a British bicycle, bicycle saddle, motorcycle and sports car wheel manufacturer that resulted from the merger of two bicycle manufacturers in 1894, Whitworth Cycle Co. of Birmingham, founded by Charles Henry Pugh and his two sons Charles Vernon and John, and Rudge Cycle Co. of Coventry (which descended from a bicycle company founded by Daniel Rudge of Wolverhampton).

Rudge motorcycles were produced from 1911 to 1946. The firm was known for its innovations in engine and transmission design, and its racing successes. Their sales motto was "Rudge it, do not trudge it."

The company also produced the first detachable wire wheel in 1907, and was known for its knockoff wheels on sports cars; that brand continued well into the 1960s.
Mackenzie Woodring
Mackenzie Woodring is an American cyclist who won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. Woodring was selected for the 2015 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships (Team USA) and 2016 Summer Paralympics (tandem paracycling, with stoker Shawn Cheshire).

Shawn Cheshire
Shawn Cheshire (born September 16, 1975 in Harlingen, Texas) is an American para-athlete and United States Army military veteran. Cheshire has competed at the National (United States) and International levels in multiple para-sports, including adaptive rowing, adaptive biathlon, tandem road para-cycling, and tandem track para-cycling.
Radio Academy Awards
The Radio Academy Awards, started in 1983, were the most prestigious awards in the British radio industry. For most of their existence, they were run by ZAFER Associates, but in latter years were brought under the control of The Radio Academy.

The awards were generally referred to by the name of their first sponsor, Sony, as the Sony Awards, the Sony Radio Awards or other variations. In August 2013, Sony announced the end of its sponsorship agreement with the Radio Academy after 32 years. Consequently, the awards were simply named the Radio Academy Awards. In November 2014, it was announced that The Radio Academy would not be holding the awards in 2015, and would be looking for other ways to recognise achievement in the future.

The awards were relaunched in 2016 as the Audio & Radio Industry Awards (ARIAS).

Audio and Radio Industry Awards
The Audio and Radio Industry Awards (ARIAS, ARIAs, or UK ARIAs) are annual awards awarded for excellence in UK radio and audio presenting and production. Established in 2016 by the Radio Academy, they succeeded the Radio Academy Awards, the academy's honours system of 1983 to 2014 (there were no awards for 2015). They are awarded for productions in the previous calendar year. In contrast to many other media award ceremonies, three winners are selected by judging panels for each category and graded Gold, Silver or Bronze.

In May 2019 the Young ARIAs were inaugurated at the BBC Radio Theatre in London in a ceremony hosted by BBC Radio 1's Matt Edmondson and Kiss FM host Daisy Maskell. The very next year they were rebranded as the Young Audio Awards.
Erwiniaceae
The Erwiniaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria which includes a number of plant pathogens and insect endosymbionts. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. The type genus of this family is Erwinia.

The name Erwiniaceae is derived from the Latin term Erwinia, referring the type genus of the family and the suffix "-aceae", an ending used to denote a family. Together, Erwiniaceae refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus Erwinia.

Enterobacterales
Enterobacterales is an order of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria with the class Gammaproteobacteria. The type genus of this order is Enterobacter.

The name Enterobacterales is derived from the Latin term Enterobacter, referring the type genus of the order and the suffix "-ales", an ending used to denote an order. Together, Enterobacterales refers to an order whose nomenclatural type is the genus Enterobacter.
Cardamom Mountains rain forests
The Cardamom Mountains rain forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion in Southeast Asia, as identified by the WWF. The ecoregion covers the Cardamom Mountains and Elephant Mountains and the adjacent coastal lowlands in eastern Thailand and southwestern Cambodia, as well as the Vietnamese island of Dao Phu Quoc.

Cardamom Mountains
The Cardamom Mountains (Khmer: ជួរភ្នំក្រវាញ, Chuŏr Phnum Krâvanh [cuə pʰnum krɑʋaːɲ]; Thai: ทิวเขาบรรทัด, Thio Khao Banthat [tʰīw kʰǎw bān.tʰát]), or the Krâvanh Mountains, is a mountain range in the southwest part of Cambodia and Eastern Thailand. The majority of the range is within Cambodia.

The silhouette of the Cardamom Mountains appears in the provincial seal of Trat Province in Thailand.
Higashiura
Higashiura (東浦町, Higashiura-chō) is a town located in Chita District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. On 31 April 2023, the town had an estimated population of 50,182 in 21,426 households, and a population density of 1,611 per square kilometre (4,170/sq mi). This makes the town the most populous town in Aichi Prefecture, surpassing Takahama, Iwakura in population. The town is also the second most populous town in Japan, being surpassed by Fuchū, Hiroshima. The total area was 31.14 square kilometres (12.02 sq mi).

Higashiura Station
Higashiura Station (東浦駅, Higashiura-eki) is a railway station in the town of Higashiura, Chita District, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Tōkai). It is also a freight terminal for the Kinuura Rinkai Railway.

Higashiura Station is served by the Taketoyo Line, and is located 6.8 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Ōbu Station.
Glen McKinnon
Glen McKinnon (born 16 December 1937) is a Canadian educator and politician from Manitoba. He represented the federal electoral district of Brandon—Souris in the House of Commons of Canada during the 35th Canadian Parliament, from 1993 to 1997, as a member of the Liberal Party. He was elected in the 1993 Canadian federal election, then fell into third place behind Progressive Conservative candidate Rick Borotsik and Reform candidate Edward Agnew in the 1997 federal election. He previously ran as a Manitoba Liberal candidate in the district of Arthur-Virden in the 1990 provincial election, coming second to PC incumbent Jim Downey.

Born in Carberry, Manitoba, McKinnon resides in Virden, Manitoba. He was employed at Virden Collegiate Institute for several years, serving as principal, football coach, and biology teacher. He and his wife Karen have three daughters.

Rick Borotsik
Rick Borotsik (born September 8, 1950) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada.  He served as Mayor of Brandon from 1989 to 1997, was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2004, and was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in 2007. Borotsik is a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba.
Mélonin Noumonvi
Mélonin Noumonvi (born 10 October 1982 in Paris) is  a French Greco-Roman (under 84 kg) wrestler.

At the Beijing 2008 Olympics, he lost to the eventual champion Andrea Minguzzi of Italy in the round of 16 and lost the bronze medal bout to Sweden's Ara Abrahamian. However, after Abrahamian refused to take home the bronze medal, he decided to take it. However, the IOC would not allow him that medal, as it was not affected by Abrahamian's tantrum. Furious, Noumonvi began to attack the IOC, but was stopped by security. He was eventually banned from wrestling for a year, but as of 2010, his ban has been lifted. At the London 2012 Olympics, he controversially lost his quarter-final bout to Egypt's Karam Gaber. Two seconds from the end of the third period of that bout, he appeared to manage to take down his opponent. The referees validated the takedown but the judge overruled it. He subsequently lost the bronze medal bout to Poland's Damian Janikowski.

Damian Janikowski
Damian Janikowski (born 27 June 1989) is a Polish mixed martial artist and former wrestler who won the bronze medal at the 2012 London Olympics in the Greco-Roman 84 kg category. He is currently ranked #2 in the KSW Middleweight rankings.
Best Ink
Best Ink is an American reality competition series on Oxygen that judges tattoo artists. The series ran for three seasons, the first in 2012, the second in 2013, and the third in 2013–2014. The show was hosted by Kimberly Caldwell during Season 1 and by Pete Wentz in Seasons 2 and 3.

Best Ink premiered on March 27, 2012. The second season debuted on April 3, 2013. The third season debuted on December 4, 2013.

Kimberly Caldwell
Kimberly Ann Caldwell-Harvey is an American singer and television hostess. She rose to fame when she was a finalist on the second season of American Idol. After her American Idol stint, Caldwell was an entertainment correspondent and hosted various shows on the TV Guide Network. She released her debut album Without Regret on April 19, 2011.
California Joe (film)
California Joe is a 1943 American Western film directed by Spencer Gordon Bennet and written by Norman S. Hall. The film stars Don "Red" Barry, Wally Vernon, Helen Talbot, Twinkle Watts, Brian O'Hara and Terry Frost. The film was released on December 29, 1943, by Republic Pictures.

Helen Talbot
Helen Talbot (April 7, 1924 – January 29, 2010) was an American actor and pin-up girl in the United States.  She was born Helen Darling in Concordia, Kansas and lived there until 1941 when she moved to live with her brother in West Los Angeles, California.
Klimno
Klimno is a village on the northeastern part of the Croatian island of Krk. It is part of the municipality of Dobrinj. As of 2021, it had 130 inhabitants. A popular tourist attraction, the village has various beaches and a marina providing access to the Soline Bay and the Vinodol Channel. The village of Čižići is located on the opposite side of the bay, and the village of Soline is to the southwest of Klimno.

Soline, Dobrinj
Soline is a village located on the northeastern part of the Croatian island of Krk. It is part of the municipality of Dobrinj. As of 2021, it had 48 inhabitants. The village has a harbor providing access to the Soline Bay and the Vinodol Channel, of which the first is named after the settlement. The village of Čižići is located on the opposite side of the bay, and the village of Klimno is to the northeast of Soline.
Kings Row
Kings Row is a 1942 film starring Ann Sheridan, Robert Cummings, Ronald Reagan and Betty Field that tells a story of young people growing up in a small American town at the turn of the twentieth century. The picture was directed by Sam Wood. The film was adapted by Casey Robinson from a best-selling 1940 novel of the same name by Henry Bellamann. The musical score was composed by Erich Wolfgang Korngold, and the cinematographer was James Wong Howe. The supporting cast features Charles Coburn, Claude Rains, Judith Anderson and Maria Ouspenskaya.

Maria Ouspenskaya
Maria Alekseyevna Ouspenskaya (Russian: Мария Алексеевна Успенская; 29 July 1876 – 3 December 1949) was a Russian actress and acting teacher. She achieved success as a stage actress as a young woman in Russia, and as an older woman in Hollywood films. She was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Dodsworth (1936) and Love Affair (1939). Ouspenskaya is the first Russian actress to be nominated for an Oscar.
Will Muschamp
William Lawrence Muschamp (born August 3, 1971) is an American football coach and former player who is the current defensive coordinator at the University of Texas at Austin. He served as head football coach at the University of Florida from 2011 to 2014 and at the University of South Carolina from 2016 to 2020.

In his second season as defensive coordinator at Auburn, in 2007, Muschamp was a finalist for the Broyles Award for the most outstanding assistant coach in college football. Before he accepted the position of coach for Florida, the University of Texas announced that Muschamp would later succeed Mack Brown as head coach of the Longhorns designating him as the "head coach in waiting."

Mike Bobo
Robert Michael Bobo (born April 9, 1974) is an American college football coach who is currently the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at the University of Georgia, his alma mater. He was the head coach at Colorado State from 2015 to 2019. Bobo is known for his pro-style type offensive schemes which cater to the ability to control clock and create long methodical drives.
Ovide Decroly
Jean-Ovide Decroly (Ronse, 23 July 1871 – Uccle, 10 September 1932) was a Belgian teacher and psychologist.

He studied medicine at the University of Ghent, with half a year at the University of Berlin where he studied the action of toxins and antitoxins on general nutrition in 1898. He later worked with (mentally) handicapped children at the neurological clinic in Brussels.

Decroly founded The Hermitage School in 1907. He was a freemason, and a member of the lodge Les Amis Philanthropes of the Grand Orient of Belgium in Brussels. Nowadays the "Ecole Decroly" (based in Uccle, Brussels, a school reaching from kindergarten to baccalaureate) follows his pedagogical approach.

Grand Orient of Belgium
The Grand Orient of Belgium (French: Grand Orient de Belgique, Dutch: Grootoosten van Belgie; or G.O.B.) is a Belgian cupola of masonic lodges which is only accessible for men, and works in the basic three symbolic degrees of freemasonry.
Raj Darbhanga
The Darbhanga Raj, also known as Raj Darbhanga and the Khandwala dynasty, was a  chieftaincy located within the Mughal province of Bihar which controlled territories, not all contiguous, that were part of the Mithila region now divided between India and Nepal. The rulers of Raj Darbhanga were Maithil Brahmins and their seat in the town of Darbhanga became the core of the Mithila region as the rulers were patrons of Maithil culture and the Maithili language.

At its peak, the dynasty encompassed over 4000 square miles (10,360 km2) and is described as the "largest and richest of the North Bihar zamindaris and one of the greatest zamindaris of British India". Despite not being recognised as a princely state by the British Raj, Darbhanga was larger and held more magisterial powers than many princely states, particularly those in Western India.

Kameshwar Singh
Maharaja Sir Kameshwar Singh Goutam Bahadur, K.C.I.E. (28 November 1907 – 1 October 1962) was the Maharaja of Darbhanga. He held his title over his family estates in the Mithila region from 1929 – 1952, when such titles were abolished following the Independence of India. He had a sister named Lakshmi Daiji.
Soca music
Soca music, or the "soul of calypso", is a genre of music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago in the 1970s. It is considered an offshoot of calypso, with influences from Afro-Trinidadian and Indo-Trinidadian rhythms. It was created by Ras Shorty I (or Lord Shorty) in an effort to revive traditional calypso, the popularity of which had been declining amongst younger generations in Trinidad due to the rise in popularity of reggae from Jamaica and soul and funk from the United States. From the 1980s onward, soca has developed into a range of new styles.

Cadence-lypso
Cadence-lypso is a fusion of cadence rampa from Haiti, Jazz, Blues and calypso from Trinidad and Tobago that has also spread to other English speaking countries of the Caribbean. Originated in the 1970s by the Dominican band Exile One, it spread and became popular in the dance clubs around the Creole world and Africa as well as the French Antilles.

Gordon Henderson is the leader and founder of Exile One, and the one who coined the term cadence-lypso.
JW Marriott Jakarta
The JW Marriott Jakarta is a 5 star luxury hotel in Mega Kuningan, South Jakarta, Indonesia. The hotel is adjacent to the sister Ritz-Carlton Jakarta Hotel. The hotel—operated by JW Marriott—was opened in 2001 and offers 333 rooms and suites. It has been bombed twice, first in 2003 and the second time in 2009 by terrorists. The hotel has sustained $500 million in damage from its two deadly bombings. There are now five layers of blast walls surrounding the hotel, armed security personnel, and magnetometers to enter the hotel.

Ritz-Carlton Jakarta
The Ritz-Carlton Jakarta is a hotel and skyscraper at Mega Kuningan in South Jakarta, Indonesia, operated by The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, and adjacent to the sister JW Marriott Hotel. The complex has two towers, the hotel and the Airlangga Apartment. The hotel was opened in 2005.

The building is 212 m (696 ft) tall and has 48 floors and 4 basement levels. Construction on the building started in April 2003 and ended in October 2004. The Hotel has 278 Club level rooms and 55 Suites.

It was bombed on 17 July 2009. The facade of the Ritz-Carlton was blown away by the blast and windows had been blown out of the Airlangga Restaurant on the second storey.
OP8
OP8 is the musical collaboration of the multi-instrumentalist Lisa Germano, Howe Gelb, Joey Burns and John Convertino. Joey Burns and John Convertino form the band Calexico together and have both been members of Gelb's Giant Sand. Their only album 1997's was Slush, which they toured as a band. Although a critical success the album did not perform commercially.

Gelb briefly considered a follow up OP8 album with Juliana Hatfield, following her vocals on the track "Temptation of Egg" from the Giant Sand's 2000 album Chore of Enchantment. He said in a 2001 interview that he loved Hatfield's "voice so much I don't want to hear the other instruments so much as just to hear her sing." However he eventually abandoned the idea.

Lisa Germano
Lisa Ruth Germano (born June 27, 1958) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist from Indiana.

Germano's career began as a violinist for John Mellencamp. Her breakthrough album Geek the Girl (1994) was named one of the best albums of the 1990s by Spin magazine. As of 2025, she has released thirteen albums.
Billy Fairhurst
William Shaw Fairhurst (1 October 1902 – 27 February 1979) was an English professional footballer who played as a left back. He played over 150 matches in the Football League. His brother, David, played for England and Newcastle United.

David Fairhurst
David Liddle Fairhurst (20 July 1906 – 26 October 1972) was an English professional footballer, who played most of his career, as a left back, with Newcastle United, who he helped win the FA Cup in 1932. He also made one appearance for England in 1933.
Dance with Death (album)
Dance with Death is a studio album by American jazz pianist Andrew Hill featuring performances recorded in 1968 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1980. The album features Hill with saxophonist Joe Farrell, trumpeter Charles Tolliver, bassist Victor Sproles and drummer Billy Higgins performing six originals with an alternate take added to the 2004 CD reissue.

Joe Farrell
Joseph Carl Firrantello (December 16, 1937 – January 10, 1986), known as Joe Farrell, was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who primarily performed as a saxophonist and flutist. He is best known for a series of albums under his own name on the CTI record label and for playing in the initial incarnation of Chick Corea's Return to Forever as well as the last.
Nemophila parviflora
Nemophila parviflora is known as the smallflower nemophila, small-flowered nemophila or oak-leaved nemophila. The genus Nemophila is placed in the family Hydrophyllaceae.

The plant is native to the low to moderate elevation forests and chaparral and oak woodlands of western North America, from California to British Columbia and Utah.

Nemophila
Nemophila is a genus found in the flowering plant family Hydrophyllaceae.

Most of the species in Nemophila contain the phrase "baby blue eyes" in their common names. N. menziesii has the common name of "baby blue eyes". N. parviflora is called the "smallflower baby blue-eyes" and N. spatulata is called the "Sierra baby blue eyes". An exception to this naming tendency is N. maculata, whose common name is fivespot.

Nemophila species are mainly native to the western United States, though some species are also found in Mexico, and in the southeastern United States. They are commonly offered for sale for garden cultivation. Generally these are Nemophila menziesii.
Ya Zahra air defense system
Ya Zahra (Persian: یا زهراء, O Zahra) is an Iranian unlicensed  copy of the Chinese HQ-7 missile, itself an unlicensed copy of the French Crotale missile short-range air defense system. The system entered production in 2013.

The Ya Zahra differs from Iran's Raad in being a short-range air defense system. Iranian sources say it is able to form a missile defense network. This system was successfully tested in "Defenders of Velayat Skies 4" air defense drills. Iranian sources claim the Ya Zahra is more advanced than the French Crotale.

Mass production of the Ya Zahra air defense system officially began on January 27, 2013.

The 3rd generation of the Ya Zahra system, Ya Zahra-3, has electo-optical equipment that reportedly helps to detect and track targets when the battlefield is affected by heavy jamming. Also Ya Zahra has a full mobile version named Herz-9.

The missile used by the system is the Shahab Thaqeb. It has been under development since at least 2011.

Shahab-e-Saqeb (missile)
Shahab-e-Saqeb, (Persian: موشک شهاب ثاقب) is an Iranian-made low altitude surface-to-air missile which was designed by Defense industry of Iran. This air defense missile was designed to engage a range of targets at low altitudes.

The Shahab-e-Saqeb uses radio-guidance in the line of sight. It is about 2.9 meters in length, it weighs 84 kilograms and its speed is approximately 740 meters per second. This missile has a range of 10 kilometers against targets travelling at a speed of 300 meters per second and 11 kilometers against helicopters.

"Shahab-Saqib" is launched via systems such as "Ya-Zahra and Herz-9", mobile, short to medium range air defense assets. The Karrar unmanned-aerial jet were recently equipped with this missile in order to engage air targets.