hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peruvian Civil War of 1856–1858
The Peruvian Civil War of 1856–1858, also known as the Arequipa Revolution of 1856, was one of the largest and most violent in Peru. It was the third internal conflict in 19th century Peru (after the Peruvian Civil War of 1834 and Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844). It was fought between the Conservatives (supporters of Ramón Castilla) and the Liberals (who opposed Castilla). It followed the Peruvian Liberal Revolution of 1854. 3,000 people were killed on both sides.

Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844
The Peruvian Civil War of 1843–1844 was the second internal conflict in 19th century Peru (after the Peruvian Civil War of 1834). It was fought between the government forces of Vivanco and Echenique against the revolutionaries led by Domingo Nieto and Ramon Castilla. A battle was fought at Pachia in Tacna on August 29, 1843. A clash occurred at San Antonio, Moquegua on October 27, 1843. Domingo Nieto died on February 17, 1844. From June 17 to June 29, 1844, fighting occurred in the capital Lima between the government and supporters of Domingo Elías. A final clash occurred at Carmen Alto on July 22, 1844.
Chrysanthos of Madytos
Chrysanthos of Madytos (Greek: Χρύσανθος ὁ ἐκ Μαδύτων; c. 1770 – 1846) was a Greek poet, chanter, Archimandrite, and Archbishop, born in Madytos. In preparation of the first printed books of Orthodox chant, he was responsible for a reform of the Byzantine notation within the New Music School of the Patriarchate, along with Gregorios the Protopsaltes and Chourmouzios the Archivist who transcribed the traditional repertory into the Chrysanthine notation.

Chourmouzios the Archivist
Chourmouzios the Archivist or Chourmouzios Chartophylax (Greek: Χουρμούζιος ὁ Χαρτοφύλαξ, "Chourmoúzios the Chartophýlax"), also known with the nickname "the Chalkenteros" (Χαλκέντερος, "he with a copper intestine"), born Chourmouzios Georgiou (Χουρμούζιος Γεωργίου; Halki, c. 1770 – Halki, 1840) was an Ottoman Greek composer, musician, music teacher and secretary of the Ottoman Empire.
ShKAS machine gun
The ShKAS (Shpitalny-Komaritski Aviatsionny Skorostrelny, Shpitalny-Komaritski rapid fire for aircraft; Russian: ШКАС - Шпитального-Комарицкого Авиационный Скорострельный) is a 7.62 mm calibre machine gun widely used by Soviet aircraft in the 1930s and during World War II. The ShKAS had the highest rate of fire of any aircraft machine gun in general service during WWII, around 1800 RPM. It was designed by Boris Shpitalniy and Irinarkh Komaritsky and entered production in 1934. ShKAS was used in the majority of Soviet fighters and bombers and served as the basis for the ShVAK cannon.

ShVAK cannon
The ShVAK (Russian: Шпитальный-Владимиров Авиационный Крупнокалиберный (ШВАК), romanized: Shpitalnyi-Vladimirov Aviatsionnyi Krupnokalibernyi, "Shpitalny-Vladimirov Aviation Large-calibre") was a 20 mm autocannon used by the Soviet Union during World War II. It was designed by Boris Shpitalniy and Semyon Vladimirov and entered production in 1936. ShVAK were installed in many models of Soviet aircraft. The TNSh was a version of the gun produced for light tanks (Russian: ТНШ: Tankovyi Nudel’man-Shpitalnyi). ShVAK shares the name with its 12.7 mm heavy machine gun predecessor.
Laurier (federal electoral district)
Laurier, a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1988.

It was set up in 1933 from parts of Laurier—Outremont and Saint-Denis ridings. It was abolished in 1987 when it was redistributed into Laurier—Sainte-Marie, Outremont, Rosemont and Saint-Henri—Westmount ridings.

The riding was re-created in 2003, and renamed Laurier—Sainte-Marie in 2004.

Laurier—Sainte-Marie
Laurier—Sainte-Marie (French pronunciation: [lɔʁje sɛ̃tmaʁi]) is a federal electoral district in Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada, which has been represented in the House of Commons since the 1988 federal election. Its 2016 population was 111,835.

Since 2019, its member of Parliament (MP) has been Steven Guilbeault of the Liberal Party.
The Man in Pyjamas
The Man in Pyjamas (German: Der Mann im Pyjama) is a 1981 West German comedy film directed by Christian Rateuke and Hartmann Schmige, starring Otto Sander and Elke Sommer. The film won the Ernst Lubitsch Award for best actor (Sander).

The film's sets were designed by art director Werner Achmann.

Elke Sommer
Elke Sommer (German: [ˈɛl.kə ˈzɔ.mɐ] ⓘ; née Schletz, born 5 November 1940) is a German actress. She appeared in numerous films throughout the 1960s and 1970s, including roles in The Pink Panther sequel A Shot in the Dark (1964), the Bob Hope comedy Boy, Did I Get a Wrong Number! (1966), Agatha Christie's And Then There Were None (1974), and the British Carry On series in Carry On Behind (1975).
(I Can't Help You) I'm Falling Too
"(I Can't Help You) I'm Falling Too" is a song written by Hal Blair, Skeeter Davis, and Don Robertson. In 1960, Skeeter Davis recorded and released the song as a single for RCA Victor. It was an answer song to Hank Locklin's major country pop crossover hit entitled, "Please Help Me, I'm Falling". It was Davis' second answer song in response to a Locklin tune.

"(I Can't Help You) I'm Falling Too" was recorded on May 13, 1960, at the RCA Victor Studio in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. The song was released as a single in July 1960, and it peaked at number two on the Billboard Magazine Hot C&W Sides chart later and number thirty nine on the  Billboard Hot 100. The single became Davis' highest-charting single to that point and her fourth solo hit. It also became her first single to chart on the Hot 100. In the later months, the song was issued onto Davis' second studio album entitled, Here's the Answer.

Please Help Me, I'm Falling
"Please Help Me, I'm Falling" is a 1960 song written by Don Robertson and Hal Blair and first recorded by Hank Locklin. The single was Locklin's most successful recording and was his second number one on the country charts. "Please Help Me, I'm Falling" spent 14 weeks at the top spot and spent nine months on the country chart and crossed over to the Hot 100 peaking at number eight.
Anti-Japanese resistance movement in Malaya during World War II
There were several anti-Japanese groups in British Malaya during the Japanese Occupation. During this period, multiple groups emerged in response to the purported mistreatment of locals by the Japanese, which resulted in widespread discontent throughout the region. These were called anti-Japanese groups, serving as the origin of numerous anti-Japanese movements that reflected the prevailing local resentment of the time.

Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army
The Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army (MPAJA) was a communist guerrilla army that resisted the Japanese occupation of Malaya from 1941 to 1945 in World War II. Composed mainly of ethnic Chinese guerrilla fighters, the MPAJA was the largest anti-Japanese resistance group in Malaya. Founded during the Japanese invasion of Malaya, the MPAJA was conceived as a part of a combined effort by the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and the British colonial government, alongside various smaller groups to resist the Japanese occupation. Although the MPAJA and the MCP were officially different organisations, many saw the MPAJA as a de facto armed wing of the MCP due to its leadership being staffed by mostly ethnic Chinese communists.  Many of the ex-guerrillas of the MPAJA would later form the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA) and resist a return to pre-war the normality of British rule of Malaya during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960).
Quaker Meetinghouse (Adams, Massachusetts)
The East Hoosac Quaker Meetinghouse is a historic Quaker meeting house in Adams, Berkshire County, Massachusetts.  The meetinghouse's construction dates to the early 1780s.  It now occupies a prominent position within the Maple Street Cemetery (also listed on the National Register of Historic Places), the first burial ground in Adams.  Unmarked graves of Adams' early Quaker settlers lie near the meetinghouse, an area now marked by a plaque. The meetinghouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Maple Street Cemetery
Maple Street Cemetery is a historic cemetery on Maple Street in Adams, Massachusetts.  Established about 1760, it is the town's oldest cemetery, serving as a burying ground for its early Quaker settlers, as well as for some of its prominent 19th-century citizens. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
Maddali Usha Gayatri
Maddali Usha Gayatri (née Mallavarapu, born 26 April 1955) is an Indian Kuchipudi exponent, danseuse, guru and choreographer from the state of Andhra Pradesh. A recipient of Hamsa Award (now called Kala Ratna) and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, she received critical acclaim for her choreography and performances. She performs ballets in mythological, historical and social themes. One of her works, Nrityam Darsayami, included a troupe of 12 of her disciples performing for 12 hours uninterruptedly.

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (IAST: Saṅgīta Nāṭaka Akādamī Puraskāra), also known as the Akademi Puraskar, is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. It is the highest Indian recognition given to people in the field of performing arts.

In 2003, the award consisted of Rs. 50,000, a citation, an angavastram (a shawl), and a tamrapatra (a brass plaque). Since 2009, the cash prize has been increased to ₹1,00,000. The awards are given in the categories of music, dance, theatre, other traditional arts and puppetry, and for contribution/scholarship in performing arts.
GBU-27 Paveway III
The GBU-27 Paveway III (Guided Bomb Unit) is a laser-guided bomb with bunker buster capabilities. It is a GBU-24 Paveway III fitted on the warhead of the BLU-109 bomb body that has been redesigned to be used by the F-117A Nighthawk stealth ground attack aircraft. The pilots flying over Iraq during the First Gulf War nicknamed it the "Hammer", for its considerable destructive power and blast radius.

BLU-109 bomb
The BLU-109/B is a hardened bunker buster penetration bomb used by the United States Air Force (BLU is an acronym for Bomb Live Unit). As with other "bunker busters", it is intended to penetrate concrete shelters and other hardened structures before exploding. In addition to the US, it is part of the armament of the air forces of Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Israel, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, and United Arab Emirates.
Abbey Sings Abbey
Abbey Sings Abbey is an album by jazz vocalist Abbey Lincoln. It was recorded during September and November, 2006, at Avatar Studios in New York City; these dates were Lincoln's final recording sessions. The album, which was released in 2007 by Verve Records, features a rendition of Thelonious Monk's "Blue Monk", with lyrics by Lincoln, followed by eleven original compositions, all of which were previously recorded in different contexts. Lincoln is accompanied by accordion player Gil Goldstein, who also provided the arrangements, guitarist and mandolin player Larry Campbell, cellist Dave Eggar, double bassist Scott Colley, and drummer Shawn Pelton.

Larry Campbell (musician)
Larry Campbell (born February 21, 1955) is an American singer and multi-instrumentalist who plays many stringed instruments (including guitar, mandolin, pedal steel guitar, slide guitar, and violin) in genres including country, folk, blues, and rock. Campbell is best known for his time as part of Bob Dylan's Never Ending Tour band from 1997 to 2004, his association with Levon Helm of The Band, and the musical director of the Midnight Rambles.

Larry Campbell also has extensive experience as a studio musician. Over his 40-plus year career he has recorded with such artists as Levon Helm, Judy Collins, Lucy Kaplansky, Richard Shindell, Linda Thompson, Sheryl Crow, Chris Castle, Paul Simon, B. B. King, Willie Nelson, Eric Andersen, Buddy and Julie Miller, Kinky Friedman, Little Feat, Hot Tuna, Cyndi Lauper, k.d. lang, Anastasia Barzee, Rosanne Cash and Ayọ, among others.
William Hartzell
William Hartzell (February 20, 1837 – August 14, 1903) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

Hartzell was born in Canton, Ohio. He moved with his parents to Danville, Illinois, in 1840. In 1844 the Hartzells moved to Mexico, where William Hartzell remained until 1853. In 1853 Hartzell returned to the United States and moved to Randolph County, Illinois. He then went to study law at McKendree College. Hartzell graduated from McKendree in 1859.
He settled in Chester, Illinois. He was admitted to the bar in 1864 and commenced practice in Chester, Illinois.

Hartzell was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1875 – March 4, 1879). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1878. He resumed the practice of law in Chester. He served as judge of the third judicial circuit of Illinois 1897–1903. He died in Chester, Illinois, August 14, 1903. He was interred in Evergreen Cemetery.

Chester, Illinois
Chester is a city in and the county seat of Randolph County, Illinois, United States, on a bluff above the Mississippi River. The population was 7,640 at the 2020 census. It lies 61 miles (98 km) south of St. Louis, Missouri.
Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies
The Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies (Norwegian: Institutt for forsvarsstudier, IFS) is a state defence research institute based in Oslo, Norway. It was established in 1980 and is part of the Norwegian Defence University College, a state university college that is both part of the Norwegian Armed Forces and the academic sector. .

It is a politically independent institute within the Norwegian Armed Forces. Its main activities are concentrated in the areas of research, teaching and dissemination.

It is divided into four Centres: Centre for Norwegian and European Security, Centre for Civil-Military Relations, Centre for Asian Studies and Centre for Transatlantic Studies. The current director of the IFS is Kjell Inge Bjerga, who will leave the position in 2025.

Norwegian Armed Forces
The Norwegian Armed Forces (Norwegian: Forsvaret, lit. 'The Defence') are the armed forces responsible for the defence of Norway. It consists of five branches, the Norwegian Army, the Royal Norwegian Navy, which includes the Coast Guard, the Royal Norwegian Air Force, the Home Guard, and Norwegian Cyber Defence Force as well as several joint departments.

The military force in peacetime is around 17,185 personnel including military and civilian staff, and around 70,000 in total with the current military personnel, conscripts and the Norwegian Home Guard in full mobilization.

Among European NATO members, the military expenditure of US$7.2 billion is the highest per capita.
Megara
Megara (/ˈmɛɡərə/; Greek: Μέγαρα, pronounced [ˈmeɣaɾa]) is a historic town and a municipality in West Attica, Greece. It lies in the northern section of the Isthmus of Corinth opposite the island of Salamis, which belonged to Megara in archaic times, before being taken by Athens. Megara was one of the four districts of Attica, embodied in the four mythic sons of King Pandion II, of whom Nisos was the ruler of Megara. Megara was also a trade port, its people using their ships and wealth as a way to gain leverage on armies of neighboring poleis. Megara specialized in the exportation of wool and other animal products including livestock such as horses. It possessed two harbors, Pagae to the west on the Corinthian Gulf, and Nisaea to the east on the Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea.  Greek painter Théodore Jacques Ralli created countless paintings featuring the village of Megara between 1873 and 1909.

Salamis Island
Salamis (/ˈsæləmɪs/ SAL-ə-miss; Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Σαλαμίς, romanized: Salamís) or Salamina (Modern Greek: Σαλαμίνα, romanized: Salamína) is the largest Greek island in the Saronic Gulf, about two kilometres (one nautical mile) from the coast of Athens' port of Piraeus and about 16 km (8+1⁄2 nmi) west of Athens center.

The chief city, Salamina, lies in the west-facing core of the crescent on Salamis Bay, which opens into the Saronic Gulf. On the eastern side of the island its main port, Paloukia, connects the island with Perama in the western part of Athens urban area through a frequent ferry line and is the second largest port in Greece in terms of passengers, after the port of Piraeus.
Bost Building
The Bost Building, also known as Columbia Hotel, is located on East Eighth Avenue (PA 837) in Homestead, Pennsylvania, United States. Built just before the 1892 Homestead Strike, it was used as headquarters by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers and for reporters covering the confrontation. It is the only significant building associated with the strike that remains intact. It is a contributing property to the Homestead Historic District.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1999.

After some use as a rooming house and hotel, today it serves as the headquarters and visitor center for the Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area.

Homestead Historic District
The Homestead Historic District is a historic district which is located in Homestead, Munhall, and West Homestead, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1990.
Operation Albania
Operation Albania (Spanish: Operación Albania), also known as the "Corpus Christi massacre" (Spanish: Matanza de Corpus Christi), was the targeted killing of members of the Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (FPMR) guerrilla group carried out by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet in Santiago, Chile, on June 15 and 16, 1987.

In this operation, 12 FPMR members were killed by agents of the National Information Center (CNI) secret police with the objective of "neutralizing" the organization, which had previously attempted a failed ambush against the dictator's convoy, resulting in the death of five bodyguards. These events were presented by the authorities as a "confrontation."

General Hugo Salas Wenzel, the former director of the CNI, was sentenced to life imprisonment in 2005 as a co-author of five counts of simple homicide and seven counts of aggravated homicide, a verdict upheld by the Supreme Court in 2007.

Attempted assassination of Augusto Pinochet
An assassination attempt was made on Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet the evening of 7 September 1986, when members of the urban guerrilla group Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (Spanish: Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez, FPMR) ambushed a motorcade carrying Pinochet to the capital Santiago.
Barkhamsted, Connecticut
Barkhamsted (/bɑːrkˈhæmstɛd/ bark-HAM-sted) is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. It contains seven villages: West Hill, Mallory, Barkhamsted Center, Center Hill, Washington Hill, Pleasant Valley, and Riverton. The population was 3,647 at the 2020 census, down from 3,799 at the 2010 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. Barkhamsted was first incorporated in 1779, and named after Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England.

Riverton, Connecticut
Riverton is an unincorporated village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Barkhamsted, Connecticut, United States. It is in the northwestern corner of the town, bordered to the north by the town of Hartland in Hartford County. The village sits at the confluence of the Still River with the West Branch of the Farmington River.

Riverton was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. A total of 94 acres (0.38 km2) of the village center comprise the Riverton Historic District.
Anne Mackintosh
Anne Mackintosh (1723–1787) was a Scottish Jacobite leader, who was daughter to the Chief of Clan Farquharson and the wife of Angus Mackintosh, Chief of the Clan Mackintosh. She was one of very few (apparent) female military leaders during the Jacobite rising of 1745 and the first female to hold the rank of colonel in Scotland.

Clan Mackintosh
Clan Mackintosh (Clann Mhic an Tòisich) is a Scottish clan from Inverness in the Scottish Highlands. The chiefs of the clan are the Mackintoshes of Mackintosh. Another branch of the clan, the Mackintoshes of Torcastle, are the chiefs of Clan Chattan, a historic confederation of clans.
Dollman vs. Demonic Toys
Dollman vs. Demonic Toys (on screen title being Dollman vs. the Demonic Toys) is a 1993 American direct-to-video horror film. It is a continuation of three films released by Full Moon Features: Dollman, Demonic Toys and Bad Channels.

Much of the movie consists of flashbacks from the three previous movies, aimed to enhance the story and promote the earlier movies. This film was followed by Puppet Master vs. Demonic Toys in 2004 with alternate designs for the toys, which initially aired on Syfy. In 2010, a direct sequel to the first film titled Demonic Toys 2 was released.

Demonic Toys 2
Demonic Toys 2 (also known as Demonic Toys: Personal Demons) is a 2010 American horror comedy slasher film written and directed by William Butler and produced by Charles Band. It is a slasher film featuring killer dolls. It is technically the fourth film featuring the evil ‘Demonic Toys’ in the Demonic Toys film franchise. It follows two previous crossover films that expanded lore into both the Dollman universe, with 1993’s Dollman vs. Demonic Toys and the Puppet Master franchise with 2004’s Puppet Master vs Demonic Toys. It is the official direct sequel to the 1992 original classic, Demonic Toys.

A third sequel/ or fifth spin-off, Baby Oopsie was released in 2021.
Buck Privates
Buck Privates is a 1941 American musical military comedy film directed by Arthur Lubin that turned Bud Abbott and Lou Costello into bona fide movie stars. It was the first service comedy based on the peacetime draft of 1940. The comedy team made two more service comedies before the United States entered the war (In the Navy and Keep 'Em Flying). A sequel to this movie, Buck Privates Come Home, was released in 1947. Buck Privates is one of three Abbott and Costello films featuring The Andrews Sisters, who were also under contract to Universal Pictures at the time.

Abbott and Costello performed a one-hour radio adaptation of the film on the Lux Radio Theatre on October 13, 1941.

Arthur Lubin
Arthur Lubin (July 25, 1898 – May 11, 1995) was an American film director and producer who directed several Abbott & Costello films, Phantom of the Opera (1943), the Francis the Talking Mule series and created the talking-horse TV series Mister Ed. A prominent director for Universal Pictures in the 1940s and 1950s, he is perhaps best known today as the man who gave Clint Eastwood his first contract in film.
Watergrasshill GAA
Watergrasshill GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Watergrasshill, County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated to the East Cork Board and fields teams in hurling and camogie. Gaelic football is played by sister club Glenville .

Imokilly GAA
Imokilly GAA is a Gaelic football and Hurling division in east County Cork, Ireland. The division includes towns such as Midleton, Cobh, and Youghal. It is one of eight divisions of Cork County Board. It organizes competitions for the clubs within the division, from Under 12 up to the adult level. The winners of these competitions compete against other divisional champions to determine which club is the county champion. In addition, the division selects football and hurling teams from the adult teams playing at junior level or county intermediate level, and these then compete for the Cork Senior Football Championship and Cork Senior Hurling Championship. The division is known best for its hurlers, and in recent times, players from here have dominated on the Cork GAA senior hurling team.