hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Seltzer (musician)
Thomas Seltzer (born 27 July 1969), also known by his stage name Happy-Tom, is a Norwegian-American musician and television presenter. He is best known as the bassist (temporarily drummer) and chief songwriter of the rock band Turbonegro.

Turbonegro
Turbonegro (Turboneger in Norway) is a Norwegian rock band, active from 1989 to 1998 and from 2002 to the present. The band combines glam rock, punk rock, and hard rock into a self-described "deathpunk" musical style.
Vitamin E deficiency
Vitamin E deficiency is a rare condition caused by low levels of vitamin E that may result from malabsorption disorders (such as abetalipoproteinemia, cystic fibrosis, or Crohn's disease), or impaired lipid transport. As a potent antioxidant, vitamin E protects cell membranes from oxidative damage, and its deficiency primarily affects tissues with high fatty acid content, especially the nervous system. Clinically, patients may present with spinocerebellar ataxia, polyneuropathy, muscle weakness, and retinopathy. Diagnosis is confirmed through low serum vitamin E levels, and treatment involves dietary supplementation with vitamin E and (if possible) addressing the underlying cause of malabsorption. The term 'vitamin E' commonly refers to α-tocopherol, and so α-tocopherol deficiency refers to the same syndrome.

Spinocerebellar ataxia
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a progressive, degenerative, genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a neurological condition in its own right. An estimated 150,000 people in the United States have a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia at any given time. SCA is hereditary, progressive, degenerative. There is no known effective treatment or cure. SCA can affect anyone of any age. The disease is caused by either a recessive or dominant gene. In many cases people are not aware that they carry a relevant gene until they have children who begin to show signs of having the disorder. Currently, research is being conducted at universities, such as the University of Minnesota, to elucidate many of the unknown characteristics of the disease.
Alexander Cummings (territorial governor)
Alexander Cummings (November 17, 1810 – July 16, 1879) was an American newspaper publisher and Republican politician from Pennsylvania who served as the third Governor of the Territory of Colorado from 1865 to 1867. He was opposed to Colorado statehood and his term was contentious and riddled with controversy between pro-state and anti-state factions.

He published the Philadelphia North American, the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin and the New York World newspapers.  He worked as a special purchasing agent for the United States War Department during the American Civil War but was removed due to profiteering.  He recruited the Nineteenth Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry and served as Colonel.  He served as Superintendent of Troops of African Descent for the State of Arkansas and was brevetted Brigadier General for meritorious service.  He worked as collector of internal revenue for the Fourth District of Pennsylvania and as U.S. Consul to the Kingdom of Hawaii.

The North American
The North American was an American newspaper published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1839, though it could claim a lineage back to 1771, and published until 1925, when it was purchased by the owner of the rival Public Ledger.
Electrocorticography
Electrocorticography (ECoG), a type of intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG),  is a type of electrophysiological monitoring that uses electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex. In contrast, conventional electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes monitor this activity from outside the skull. ECoG may be performed either in the operating room during surgery (intraoperative ECoG) or outside of surgery (extraoperative ECoG).  Because a craniotomy (a surgical incision into the skull) is required to implant the electrode grid, ECoG is an invasive procedure.

Cortical stimulation mapping
Cortical stimulation mapping (CSM) is a type of electrocorticography that involves a physically invasive procedure and aims to localize the function of specific brain regions through direct electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex. It remains one of the earliest methods of analyzing the brain and has allowed researchers to study the relationship between cortical structure and systemic function.  Cortical stimulation mapping is used for a number of clinical and therapeutic applications, and remains the preferred method for the pre-surgical mapping of the motor cortex and language areas to prevent unnecessary functional damage. There are also some clinical applications for cortical stimulation mapping, such as the treatment of epilepsy.
Army Network Enterprise Technology Command
United States Army Network Enterprise Technology Command (NETCOM) is a US Military unit subordinate to United States Army Cyber Command. NETCOM's mission is to operate and defend the computer networks of the United States Army. The numerical command for NETCOM was 9th Army Signal Command, though this distinction was removed on 1 October 2011. Its heritage can be traced back to the creation of the 9th Service Company in 1918. The command headquarters is at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Major General Jacqueline D. McPhail assumed command of NETCOM in August 2024.

7th Signal Command (Theater)
The United States Army's 7th Signal Command (Theater) is responsible for the integration, security and defense of Army networks in the Continental United States. The 7th Signal Command is designed to extend Army network capabilities to Army forces in support of US based expeditionary operations. The command is one of five theater Signal Commands worldwide, and is a subordinate element of NETCOM/9th SC (Army). It was activated at Fort Gordon in July 2008.
Lagrange multiplier
In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange.

Hessian matrix
In mathematics, the Hessian matrix, Hessian or (less commonly) Hesse matrix is a square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a scalar-valued function, or scalar field. It describes the local curvature of a function of many variables. The Hessian matrix was developed in the 19th century by the German mathematician Ludwig Otto Hesse and later named after him. Hesse originally used the term "functional determinants". The Hessian is sometimes denoted by H or  or  or  or .
2008 Men's EuroHockey Junior Championship
The 2008 Men's EuroHockey Junior Championship was the 14th edition of the men's EuroHockey Junior Championship. It was held in San Sebastián, Spain from 20 to 26 July 2008.

The hosts Spain won the tournament for the third time after they defeated the defending champions the Netherlands 1–0 in the final. Germany won the bronze medal after defeating Belgium 4–3 in the third-place playoff.

The tournament also served as a qualifier for the 2009 Junior World Cup in Malaysia and Singapore. Teams from Spain, the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, England and Poland all qualified.

Germany men's national under-21 field hockey team
The Germany men's national under-21 field hockey team represents Germany in men's international under-21 field hockey competitions and is controlled by the German Hockey Federation, the governing body for field hockey in Germany.

The team competes in the EuroHockey Junior Championships which they have won seven times. They have qualified for all Junior World Cups which they have won a record eight times.
Audio bit depth
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc, which can support up to 24 bits per sample.

In basic implementations, variations in bit depth primarily affect the noise level from quantization error—thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. However, techniques such as dithering, noise shaping, and oversampling can mitigate these effects without changing the bit depth. Bit depth also affects bit rate and file size.

Bit depth is useful for describing PCM digital signals. Non-PCM formats, such as those using lossy compression, do not have associated bit depths.

Oversampling
In signal processing, oversampling is the process of sampling a signal at a sampling frequency significantly higher than the Nyquist rate. Theoretically, a bandwidth-limited signal can be perfectly reconstructed if sampled at the Nyquist rate or above it. The Nyquist rate is defined as twice the bandwidth of the signal. Oversampling is capable of improving resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be helpful in avoiding aliasing and phase distortion by relaxing anti-aliasing filter performance requirements.

A signal is said to be oversampled by a factor of N if it is sampled at N times the Nyquist rate.
Nobuhiko Takada
Nobuhiko Takada (Japanese: 高田伸彦, ring name: 高田 延彦) (born April 12, 1962) is a Japanese former mixed martial artist, retired professional wrestler, actor, and writer. He competed in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF) and the Union of Wrestling Forces International (UWFI) in the 1980s and 1990s, becoming one of the highest figures of the "shoot-style" movement.

Takada later turned to mixed martial arts (MMA) where, despite his controversial match fixing ventures and lack of competitive success, he was credited with the existence and development of global MMA promotion Pride Fighting Championships, in which he worked as an executive after his retirement from active competition until its closure. He also founded and starred at the sports entertainment professional wrestling promotion Hustle from 2004 to 2009, and worked as an executive for the Rizin Fighting Federation from 2015 to 2023.

Masahito Kakihara
Masahito Kakihara (Japanese: 垣原 賢人, Kakihara Masahito, born April 29, 1972) is a Japanese former professional wrestler and mixed martial artist, who is known for his work in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and UWF International (UWFI).
Running Antelope
Running Antelope or Tȟatȟóka Íŋyaŋke (c. 1821–1896) became a head chief of the Húŋkpapȟa in 1851. Known for his bravery in war, and skills in oratory and diplomacy, Running Antelope was one of four Huŋkpapȟa principal chiefs who acted as close advisors to Sitting Bull during the Plains Indian Wars. His belief that compromise with the whites was in their best interests led to his eventually distancing himself from Sitting Bull. He is the only Native American depicted on U.S. paper money, but the picture caused ill will as the Series 1899 $5 Silver Certificate pictured Running Antelope as a chief wearing a Pawnee head dress as the original Sioux head dress was too tall for the engraving.

Hunkpapa
The Hunkpapa (Lakota: Húŋkpapȟa) are a Native American group, one of the seven council fires of the Lakota tribe. The name Húŋkpapȟa is a Lakota word, meaning 'Head of the Circle' (at one time, the tribe's name was represented in European-American records as Honkpapa). By tradition, the Húŋkpapȟa set up their lodges at the entryway to the circle of the Great Council when the Sioux met in convocation. They speak Lakȟóta, one of the three dialects of the Sioux language.
Heikki Turunen
Heikki Anton Turunen (born 9 December 1945) is a Finnish author who currently lives in Juuka, although he has resided for many years of his life in Joensuu prior.

He was born in Pielisjärvi, North Karelia, and grew up with his six sisters in a farming family. In 1964 he got a job as a journalist at Karjalan Maa newspaper in Joensuu. He kept this job until 1974, in the last year, as editor. He has been stated to have written many of his books in Juuka on the shore of the lake Pielinen.

Turunen's writing deals with Finland in the time in which he grew up, before urbanisation, industrialisation, and tenant farmers. He often describes characters who are a little unusual. Many of his books have been filmed.

The municipality of Juuka applied for an honorary cultural advisors title to be admitted to him in 2023 for his contributions to literature along with the help of the municipalities of Nurmes, Lieksa, Joensuu and the publisher WSOY.

Juuka
Juuka (Finnish: [ˈjuːkɑ]; Swedish: Juga) is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the North Karelia region. The municipality has a population of 4,118 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,846.58 square kilometres (712.97 sq mi) of which 344.78 km2 (133.12 sq mi)
is water. The population density is 2.74 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.1/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Ako Legal Wife: Mano Po 4?
Ako Legal Wife: Mano Po 4? (Chinese: 合法妻; pinyin: Héfǎ qī; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ha̍p-hoat chhe) is a 2005 Filipino comedy-drama film directed by Joel Lamangan from a screenplay by Roy C. Iglesias and Lily Monteverde. The film focuses on the lives of the Chinese-Filipino community, and stars Zsa Zsa Padilla in the title role, Cherry Pie Picache, Rufa Mae Quinto and Jay Manalo. The fourth installment of the Mano Po film series, the film's title was based on the line of Zsa Zsa Padilla in Mano Po 2: My Home: "Ako legal wife!" (lit. 'I legal wife!'). Produced by Regal Entertainment, it was released on December 25, 2005, as an entry to the 2005 Metro Manila Film Festival.

Apart from the other Mano Po films, it is the first film in the series to have pronounced comedic elements.

Rufa Mae Quinto
Rufa Mae Ocampo Quinto-Magallanes (born May 28, 1978), better known as Rufa Mae Quinto, is a Filipino actress, comedian, television presenter, producer and model. Known for her camp and signature comedic performances in film and television, she has been cited as a notable figure in Philippine pop culture. Dubbed as the "Comedy Princess", she is a ten-time Best Comedy Actress winner at the Star Awards for Television, the most for any actress. Her other accolades include a Golden Screen Award and "Best Supporting Actress" at the PMPC Star Awards for Movies, in addition to a nomination for a FAMAS Award for Best Actress. In 2006, The Philippine Star named her one of the greatest comedians of all time.
Stateway Gardens
Stateway Gardens was a Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) public housing project in the Bronzeville neighborhood on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, alongside the Dan Ryan Expressway just north of the former Robert Taylor Homes, and part of the State Street Corridor that also included Dearborn Homes, Harold Ickes Homes and Hillard Homes. Stateway Gardens consisted of mid- and high-rise apartment buildings.

Finished by the late 1950s, Stateway Gardens was plagued by a large amount of gang violence, organized crime, and drug abuse. The area gradually became more neglected and underserved by city authorities and the Chicago Police Department which led to mass abandonment and urban decay. It was completely demolished by 2007.

Harold L. Ickes Homes
Harold L. Ickes Homes was a Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) public housing project on the Near South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It was bordered between Cermak Road to the north, 24th Place to the south, State Street to the east, and Federal Street to the west, making it part of the State Street Corridor that included other CHA properties: Robert Taylor Homes, Dearborn Homes, Stateway Gardens and Hilliard Homes.
Minnesota State Highway 228
Minnesota State Highway 228 (MN 228) was a 7.785-mile-long (12.529 km) highway in west-central Minnesota, which ran from its intersection with Otter Tail County Roads 4 and 17 in Vergas and continued east to its eastern terminus at its intersection with U.S. Highway 10 in the unincorporated town of Luce in Gorman Township.

MN 228 passed through the communities of Vergas, Hobart Township, and Gorman Township.

Vergas, Minnesota
Vergas is a city in northern Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 348 at the 2020 census.

Vergas claims it is home of the World's Largest Loon, actually a 20-foot-high (6.1 m) sculpture of a loon, the Minnesota state bird.
Maria Marten (1928 film)
Maria Marten is a 1928 British silent drama film directed by Walter West starring Trilby Clark, Warwick Ward and Dora Barton. It is based on the real story of the Red Barn Murder in the 1820s, and is one of five film versions of the events. The film shifted the action to fifty years earlier to the height of the Georgian era. This was the last of the silent film adaptations of the Maria Marten story, and its success paved the way for the much better 1935 sound film remake starring Tod Slaughter. A 35mm print of the 1928 silent film exists in the British Film Institute's archives.

Warwick Ward
Warwick Manson Ward (3 December 1891 – 9 December 1967) was an English actor of the stage and screen, and a film producer. He appeared in more than 60 films between 1919 and 1933. He also produced 19 films between 1931 and 1958. He was born in St. Ives, Cornwall.

Ward was a popular leading man in silent films of the 1920s, although he also played villains. Ward cultivated a debonair but forceful air in his films. Having made his breakthrough in British productions, he found his career impacted by a slum in 1924 that dramatically reduced the number of British films being made. Ward increasingly appeared in Continental productions, particularly German films. His career gradually tailed-off with the arrival of sound film and he began a second career as a film producer. He was an important figure at Associated British and appears in the studio's Elstree Story (1952).
John Dods (rugby union)
John Henry Dods (30 September 1875 – 30 December 1915) was a Scottish rugby union player. He was capped eight times for Scotland between 1895 and 1897. He also played for Edinburgh Academicals. He was the brother of Francis Dods who was also capped for Scotland.

Dods was killed along with his wife and three children, whilst on board HMS Natal, which suffered a series of explosions, killing hundreds of people.

Francis Dods
Francis Dods (23 February 1879 – 29 June 1910) was a Scottish rugby union player.

He was capped once for Scotland in 1901. He also played for Edinburgh Academicals.

He was the brother of John Dods who was also capped for Scotland.
Slade Green
Slade Green is an area of South East London, England, within the London Borough of Bexley. It lies northeast of Bexleyheath, northwest of Dartford, Kent and south of Erith, London, and 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross.

Historically Slade Green was part of the county of Kent. In 1965 it became part of the new ceremonial county of Greater London.

Crayford
Crayford is a town and electoral ward in South East London, England, within the London Borough of Bexley. It lies east of Bexleyheath and north west of Dartford. Crayford was in the historic county of Kent until 1965. The settlement developed by the river Cray, around a ford that is no longer used.
John Marion Murphy
John Marion Murphy Sr. (June 10, 1824 – February 17, 1892) also known as J. M. Murphy, was a Canadian-born American rancher, businessperson, politician, and an early settler in California. He was a member of the Murphy family and co-founded the mining town of Murphys, California. Murphy active in the early administration of Santa Clara County, California, and held many political and civic roles.

Murphy family
The Murphy family is an American family of Irish heritage that was heavily involved in the development of California ranches and real estate in the 19th and 20th centuries. They controlled at one time or another large swathes of California real estate, particularly in the Santa Clara County, much of it derived from Mexican land grants.
Bobby Hajjaj
Bobby Hajjaj (born 7 April 1978) is a Bangladeshi politician. He is the incumbent State Minister of Primary and Mass Education and a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Dhaka-13 constituency since February 2026. Hajjaj is the founder of the political party Nationalist Democratic Movement (NDM). He resigned from the NDM and joined the Bangladesh Nationalist Party for the 2026 election, where he won the Dhaka-13 seat.

Nationalist Democratic Movement (Bangladesh)
The Nationalist Democratic Movement (NDM) (Bengali: জাতীয়তাবাদী গণতান্ত্রিক আন্দোলন- এনডিএম) is a political party in Bangladesh. It was officially launched on 24 April 2017. It identifies as centrist. The party has been registered as a political party by the Election Commission of Bangladesh. The symbol of the party is a Lion.
Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)
Kiss of the Spider Woman is a musical with music by John Kander, lyrics by Fred Ebb, and a book by Terrence McNally. It is based on the 1976 novel by Manuel Puig. Directed by Harold Prince, the musical had runs in Toronto (1992), the West End (1992-93), and Broadway (1993). It won the 1993 Tony Award for Best Musical, Best Book of a Musical, and Best Original Score, as well as acting awards for all three principals in the cast.

A film adaptation starring and co-executive produced by Jennifer Lopez and written and directed by Bill Condon premiered at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival on January 26, 2025.

Harold Prince
Harold Smith Prince (born Harold Smith; January 30, 1928 – July 31, 2019), commonly known as Hal Prince, was an American theater director and producer known for his work in musical theater.

One of the foremost figures in 20th-century American theater, Prince became associated throughout his career with many of the most noteworthy musicals in Broadway history, including West Side Story, Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret, Sweeney Todd, and Phantom of the Opera, the longest-running show in Broadway history. Many of his productions broke new ground for musical theater, expanding the possibilities of the form by incorporating more serious and political subjects, such as Nazism (Cabaret), the difficulties of marriage (Company), and the forcible opening of 19th-century Japan (Pacific Overtures).

Over the span of his career, he garnered a record 21 Tony Awards, including eight for Direction, eight for producing the year's Best Musical, two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three Special Awards.
Great Stambridge
Great Stambridge is a village in the civil parish of Stambridge, in the Rochford District of Essex, England. The village lies 1.5 miles (2 km) east of Rochford, its post town, and 15 miles (24 km) south east of Chelmsford.

Great Stambridge and neighbouring Little Stambridge were historically separate parishes. The were merged into a single parish called Stambridge in 1934.

Little Stambridge
Little Stambridge was formerly a parish in Essex, England. It was merged with neighbouring Great Stambridge for ecclesiastical purposes in 1889 and for civil purposes in 1934. The civil parish of Stambridge now forms part of Rochford District.

Little Stambridge was historically described as a village. The name Little Stambridge is today used as part of the name of its former manor house of Little Stambridge Hall, and in the name of the adjoining road called Little Stambridge Hall Lane. Little Stambridge Hall lies 1 mile (1.6 km) north-east of the centre of Rochford and 4 miles (6 km) north of Southend-on-Sea.