hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Proxmire
Edward William Proxmire (November 11, 1915 – December 15, 2005) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States senator from Wisconsin from 1957 to 1989. He holds the record for being the longest-serving senator from Wisconsin.

Known as a political maverick and an aggressive critic of wasteful government spending, Proxmire invented and awarded the tongue-in-cheek Golden Fleece Award to appropriations he found particularly egregious. He was a member of the Senate Banking Committee, the Senate Appropriations Committee, and the Joint Economic Committee. On the Joint Economic Committee, he exposed numerous instances of wasteful spending on military programs such as the C-5 aircraft and the F-16 fighter, as well as other government programs such as the development of a supersonic transport airplane (SST).

Golden Fleece Award
The Golden Fleece Award (1975–1988) was a tongue-in-cheek award given to public officials in the United States for squandering public money. Its name is sardonically taken from the actual Order of the Golden Fleece, a prestigious chivalric award created in the late 15th century. It is a play on the transitive verb fleece, or charging excessively for goods or services.

United States Senator William Proxmire, Democrat from Wisconsin, began to issue the Golden Fleece Award in 1975 in monthly press releases. In 1988, The Washington Post referred to the award as "the most successful public relations device in politics today".  Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, referred to the award as being "as much a part of the Senate as quorum calls and filibusters".
Old Friends, New Friends
Old Friends, New Friends is an album by guitarist Ralph Towner, recorded in July 1979 and released on ECM Records in November of the same year. The quintet features trumpeter Kenny Wheeler, cellist David Darling and rhythm section Eddie Gómez and Michael Di Pasqua.

Kenny Wheeler
Kenneth Vincent John Wheeler, OC (14 January 1930 – 18 September 2014) was a Canadian composer and trumpet and flugelhorn player, based in the U.K. from the 1950s onwards.

Most of his performances were rooted in jazz, but he was also active in free improvisation and occasionally contributed to rock music recordings. Wheeler wrote more than one hundred compositions and was a skilled arranger for small groups and large ensembles.

Wheeler was the patron of the Royal Academy Junior Jazz course.
Meat and Livestock Commission
The Meat and Livestock Commission (MLC) was set up by the UK Government under the Agriculture Act 1967 with government money with the remit to promote the sale of red meat. The MLC was previously an independent non-departmental public body, but from 1 April 2008 it was superseded by the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board.

Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board
The Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (AHDB) is a statutory levy board and an executive non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra). Funded primarily by a compulsory levy on farmers, growers, and others in the supply chain, the AHDB aims to improve farm business efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness through research and development, market intelligence, and export development.

Historically, the AHDB operated across six divisions. However, following a significant period of industry friction in 2021, the organization underwent a major contraction. Following democratic ballots, the statutory levies for the Horticulture and Potato sectors were abolished in April 2022.

As of 2025, the AHDB provides statutory services to four remaining sectors.
Théodore Reinach
Théodore Reinach (3 July 1860 – 28 October 1928) was a French archaeologist, mathematician, lawyer, papyrologist, philologist, epigrapher, historian, numismatist, musicologist, professor, and politician.

Ephrussi family
The Ephrussi family (French pronunciation: [ɛfʁysi]) is a wealthy Ashkenazi Jewish noble banking family. The family's bank and properties were seized by the Nazi authorities after the 1938 "Anschluss", the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany.
Keven Wood
Keven Wood (born August 21, 1984) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who is the grandson of Glen Wood, and currently serves as an Executive Vice President and Co-Owner of Wood Brothers Racing.  The son of Len Wood (Glen's son), he is the cousin of Jon Wood (Eddie's brother).  Glen Wood was a NASCAR Hall of Famer who founded Wood Brothers Racing.

Jon Wood
Jonathan Wood (born October 25, 1981) is an American motorsport executive who serves as president of Wood Brothers Racing, the NASCAR Cup Series' longest continuously active team founded by a group of brothers that included his grandfather Glen Wood.
Roberto Leoni
Roberto Leoni (16 November 1940 – 5 March 2024) was an Italian screenwriter and film director best known for such films as Santa Sangre (on Empire's 500 Greatest Movies Of All Time); The Master Touch; Street People; Casablanca Express;  California; and My Dear Killer.

Santa Sangre
Santa Sangre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsãn̪.t̪a ˈsãŋ.ɡɾe], 'Holy Blood') is a 1989 surrealist psychological horror film directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky and written by Jodorowsky along with Claudio Argento and Roberto Leoni. It stars Axel Jodorowsky, Adán Jodorowsky, Teo Jodorowsky, Blanca Guerra, Thelma Tixou, and Guy Stockwell. An international co-production of Mexico and Italy, the film is set in Mexico, and tells the story of Fénix, a boy who grew up in a circus and his struggle with childhood trauma. It is included in Empire magazine's 2008 list of the 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.
Nanimo nai Kedo Sora wa Aoi
Nanimo nai Kedo Sora wa Aoi (何もないけど空は青い; "There's Nothing, But the Sky is Blue") is a Japanese manga series written by Hiroyuki Nishimori and illustrated by Yuuki Iinuma. It was serialized in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Sunday from March 2014 to August 2015, with its chapters collected in seven tankōbon volumes.

Hiroyuki Nishimori
Hiroyuki Nishimori (西森 博之, Nishimori Hiroyuki; born 23 November 1963) is a Japanese manga artist, known for his works Kyō Kara Ore Wa!! (1988–1997) and Cheeky Angel (1999–2003). The latest won the 46th Shogakukan Manga Award in the shōnen category in 2001.
Siege of Tourane
The siege of Tourane (September 1858–March 1860) was a Vietnamese victory during the Cochinchina campaign, a punitive campaign against the Vietnamese launched by France and Spain in 1858. A joint Franco-Spanish expedition under the command of Admiral Charles Rigault de Genouilly captured Tourane (modern Da Nang) in September 1858, but was then besieged in the city by the Vietnamese and forced eventually to evacuate it in March 1860.

Cochinchina campaign
The Cochinchina campaign was a series of military operations between 1858 and 1862, launched by a joint naval expedition force on behalf of the French Empire and the Kingdom of Spain against the Nguyễn period Vietnamese state. It was the opening conflict of the French conquest of Vietnam.

Initially a limited punitive expedition against the execution of two Spanish Catholic missionaries in Đại Nam, the ambitious French emperor Napoleon III however, authorized the deployment of increasingly larger contingents, that subdued Đại Nam territory and established French economic and military dominance. The war concluded with the founding of the French colony of Cochinchina and inaugurated nearly a century of French colonial rule in Vietnam in particular and Indochina in general.
Vasylivka Raion
Vasylivka Raion (Ukrainian: Василівський район) is one of the five raions (districts) of Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southern Ukraine. The administrative center of the region is the town of Vasylivka. Population: 181,271 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zaporizhzhia Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Vasylivka Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 60,962 (2020 est.).

Vasylivka
Vasylivka (Ukrainian: Василівка, IPA: [wɐˈsɪl⁽ʲ⁾iu̯kɐ]; Russian: Васильевка, romanized: Vasilyevka, IPA: [vɐˈsʲilʲjɪfkə]) is a city in Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Vasylivka Raion. The city is situated on the banks of the Kakhovka Reservoir on the Dnieper. Population: 12,567 (2022 estimate).
Merced Union High School District
The Merced Union High School District (MUHSD) is a school district headquartered in the Castle Commerce Center on the grounds of the Castle Airport Aviation and Development Center in unincorporated Merced County, California, near Atwater. The union high school district serves Atwater, Livingston, Merced, and the surrounding area.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
Fault (breeding)
In animal breed standards, a fault is an aspect of appearance or temperament that is considered detrimental to the breed type of the animal's breed. In dogs, faults have to do with the externally observable qualities of the dog such as appearance, movement, and temperament. Qualities separately tested such as tests for ability in specific work or sports, tests for genetic health, tests for general health or specific inherited disease, or any other specific tests for characteristics that cannot be directly observed are not referred to as faults. Minor faults may or may not have anything to do with the individual dog's ability to work or suitability as a pet.

Conformation (dog)
Conformation in dogs refers solely to the externally visible details of a dog's structure and appearance, as defined in detail by each dog breed's written breed standard. A dog that conforms to most of the items of description in its individual breed standard is said to have good conformation. Unlike equine conformation, there are no fixed rules for dog conformation, as dogs are the most variable in appearance of any animals. Instead, conformation in dogs is based on the dog type from which the breed developed, along with many details that have been added to the breed standard for purposes of differentiation from other breeds, for working reasons, or for enhancing the beauty of the animals from the viewpoint of the fanciers who wrote the breed standards.
Manila Kingpin: The Asiong Salonga Story
Manila Kingpin: The Untold Story of Asiong Salonga (also marketed as Manila Kingpin: The Asiong Salonga Story) is a 2011 Filipino biographical-crime film directed by Tikoy Aguiluz and Darryl "Gary" dela Cruz and starring Jeorge "E.R." Estregan in the title role, alongside Jeffrey D. Rillo, Carla Abellana, Phillip Salvador, John Regala, Ronnie Lazaro, Baron Geisler, Joko Diaz, Archie Adamos, Yul Servo, Dennis Padilla, and Ketchup Eusebio. Produced by Scenema Concept International, it was released by Viva Films as an entry to the 37th Metro Manila Film Festival, where it won 11 awards, including for Best Picture, Best Director (dela Cruz), and Best Actor (Estregan).

Aguiluz disowned the film before release after the film was reedited by the producers without his permission.

Baron Geisler
Baron Frederick von Geisler (Tagalog: [ˈgaɪslɛɾ]; born June 5, 1982) is a Filipino actor and entrepreneur of German-American descent.

One of the most controversial actors in the Philippines, Geisler's career has been characterized by critical and popular acclaim for his talent as a character actor, as well as ignominy stemming from his alcohol abuse and history of misconduct.

Geisler's acting accolades includes winning the Best Actor award in the 4th Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival on July 20, 2008, and the 19th PMPC Star Awards for Television Best Single Performance of an Actor in 2005 for Maalaala Mo Kaya. Geisler's performance in the 2022 Netflix film Doll House has also earned him praise from critics, audiences, and fellow actors. He gained a resumption of critical repute and resurgence of commercial success in 2025 for his portrayal as Miguel Tecson in the action drama series Incognito.
Province Island
Province Island (French: Île de la Province) is an island mostly in the Canadian province of Québec, but partly in the U.S. state of Vermont. It is situated in Lake Memphremagog. The island's area is 31 ha (77 acres). Although 2.8 ha (6.9 acres) (9%) at its southern point is part of the United States (in the town of Derby, Vermont), the greater part belongs to the municipality of Ogden, Quebec, in Memphrémagog Regional County Municipality, Quebec.  At the end of the 18th century, a pioneer named Martin Adams and his wife built a house on the island, where they grew flax and vegetables. It is under private ownership; a pheasant hunt is organized annually. The Canada–United States border is marked by a five-meter strip cut through the forest. The island has been noted for its shape's similarity to the country of Taiwan.

Lake Memphremagog
Lake Memphremagog (mem-frə-MAY-gog; French: Lac Memphrémagog, pronounced [lak mɛmfʁemaɡɔɡ]) is a fresh water glacial lake located between Newport, Vermont, United States and Magog, Quebec, Canada.  The lake spans both Quebec and Vermont, but is mostly in Quebec. Most of the watershed that feeds the lake is located in Vermont, and is a source for accumulated phosphorus, sediments, and other pollutants. Cleanup efforts since the late 1980s have improved the water quality. The lake furnishes potable water for 200,000 people.
Sarah Catherine Hook
Sarah Catherine Campbell Hook is an American actress and singer best known for starring in the film The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It (2021). On television, she is known for her roles in the Netflix supernatural series First Kill (2022), the Prime Video drama Cruel Intentions (2024), and the third season of the HBO anthology series The White Lotus (2025).

First Kill (TV series)
First Kill is an American supernatural teen drama television series created by Victoria Schwab that premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2022. The series is based on Schwab's short story of the same name. In August 2022, the series was canceled after one season.
Only You (2005 TV series)
Only You is a 2005 South Korean television series starring Han Chae-young, Jo Hyun-jae, Lee Chun-hee and Hong Soo-hyun. It is produced and broadcast by SBS from 4 June to 24 July 2005 for 16 episodes.

It is the only Korean drama shot in Italy. The city in which has been shot the drama in Italy was Vicenza, which is located in the north East part, between Venice and Verona (about 50 km distant from Venice).

Jo Hyun-jae
Jo Hyun-jae (Korean: 조현재; born May 9, 1980) is a South Korean actor. Jo made his entertainment debut as a singer in the four-member boy band Guardian, which disbanded after releasing their self-titled album in 1998. In 2000, after he drew popularity when he appeared in a commercial for sports drink Pocari Sweat, Jo began acting. He is best known for his leading roles in Love Letter (2003), Only You (2005), Ballad of Seodong (2005), and 49 Days (2011).
Bacteriochlorophyll
Bacteriochlorophylls (BChl) are photosynthetic pigments that occur in various phototrophic bacteria. They were discovered by C. B. van Niel in 1932. They are related to chlorophylls, which are the primary pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Organisms that contain bacteriochlorophyll conduct photosynthesis to sustain their energy requirements, but the process is anoxygenic and does not produce oxygen as a byproduct. They use wavelengths of light not absorbed by plants or cyanobacteria. Replacement of Mg2+ with protons gives bacteriophaeophytin (BPh), the phaeophytin form.

Structures of major bacteriochlorophylls

bacteriochlorophyll a

bacteriochlorophyll b

bacteriochlorophyll c

bacteriochlorophyll d

bacteriochlorophyll e

bacteriochlorophyll f

bacteriochlorophyll g

Pheophytin
Pheophytin  or phaeophytin is a chemical compound that serves as the first electron carrier intermediate in the electron transfer pathway of Photosystem II (PS II) in plants, and the type II photosynthetic reaction center (RC P870) found in purple bacteria. In both PS II and RC P870, light drives electrons from the reaction center through pheophytin, which then passes the electrons to a quinone (QA) in RC P870 and RC P680. The overall mechanisms, roles, and purposes of the pheophytin molecules in the two transport chains are analogous to each other.
Rodolphe Lindt
Rudolf Lindt (16 July 1855 – 20 February 1909), often known by his francized name Rodolphe Lindt, was a Swiss chocolate maker, chocolatier and inventor. He founded the Lindt brand of Swiss chocolate and invented the conching machine and other processes to improve the quality of chocolate.

Swiss chocolate
Swiss chocolate (German: Schweizer Schokolade; French: chocolat suisse; Italian: cioccolato svizzero) is chocolate produced in Switzerland. Switzerland's chocolates have earned an international reputation for high quality with many famous international chocolate brands.

Switzerland is particularly renowned for its milk chocolate, the most consumed type of chocolate. In 1875, a Swiss confectioner, Daniel Peter, developed the first solid milk chocolate using condensed milk, which had been invented by Henri Nestlé, who was Peter's neighbour in Vevey.

In addition to milk, a wide variety of ingredients other than cocoa are used to make the most popular chocolate bars. They notably include nuts (mostly hazelnuts and almonds) and dried fruits (raisins).
Nova Ren Suma
Nova Ren Suma is an American #1 New York Times best selling author of young adult novels. Her best-known work is The Walls Around Us. Her novels have twice been finalists for the Edgar Award for Best Young Adult from Mystery Writers of America.

The Walls Around Us
The Walls Around Us is a 2015 young adult novel by Nova Ren Suma, which became the number one best selling for 2015 according to The New York Times. First published in March 2015 through Algonquin Young Readers, it centers on three young women, two of whom are held in a prison accused of separate murders, and a third that is tied to both accused murderers. A paperback edition of the book was released in March, 2016.
Haras national du Pin
The Haras national du Pin or Haras du Pin is a French national stud located in Le Pin-au-Haras district, in the Orne (61) department of the southern Normandy region. It is the oldest of the French "Haras Nationaux" (National Studs).

Haras Nationaux
The Haras Nationaux in France (English literal translation national stud farms) was the French national public administrative body responsible for the regulation and administration of breeding of horses and donkeys in France. It administered twenty-two regional studs, or horse-breeding centres.
Albert Rovers F.C.
Albert Rovers F.C. were an Irish association football club based in Cork. Between 1976–77 and 1981–82 the club played in the League of Ireland. During this time the club also played under the names Cork Albert, Cork Alberts and  Cork United. The club has also fielded teams in the Munster Senior League and the Cork Athletic Union League. Throughout their history, the club colours were red and black and occasionally white. They were used in various combinations, including stripes and hoops.

Cork Hibernians F.C.
Cork Hibernians F.C. was an Irish football club based in Cork. They played in the League of Ireland between 1957 and 1976 and, from 1962, played their home games at Flower Lodge. In 1971, they were League of Ireland champions. The club was dissolved in 1977 due to financial trouble.
HNoMS Brage (1878)
HNoMS Brage was a Vale-class Rendel gunboat built for the Royal Norwegian Navy at Horten Naval Yard in 1874, with build number 58. She was one of a class of five gunboats - the other ships in the class were Vale, Nor, Uller and Vidar.

Brage was, in addition to the heavy, muzzle-loading main gun, armed with a small 'Quick Fire' gun and a 37mm Hotchkiss Revolving Cannon (broadly similar to the Gatling gun).

Later Brage, like her sister ships, was rebuilt as a minelayer, and she served in this role when the Germans invaded in 1940. She was captured by German forces after the surrender of Norwegian forces in Southern Norway, and returned to Norway after the war.

HNoMS Vidar (1878)
HNoMS Vidar was a Vale-class Rendel gunboat built for the Royal Norwegian Navy at Horten Naval Yard in 1878. She was one of a class of five gunboats - the other ships in the class were Vale, Brage, Nor and  Uller.

Vidar was, in addition to the heavy, muzzle-loading main gun, armed with a small 'Quick Fire' gun and a 37mm Hotchkiss Revolving Cannon (broadly similar to the Gatling gun).

Later Vidar, like her sister ships, was rebuilt as a minelayer, and she served in this role when the Germans invaded in 1940. During the Norwegian Campaign she served mainly in Sognefjorden. She was captured by German forces on 14 April 1940, and returned to Norway after the war.

Vidar was built at the Naval Yard at Horten, and had yard number 60.
Mateus Moreira
Mateus Moreira (d. 3 October 1645) was a Portuguese martyr, from Colonial Brazil, of the Catholic Church.  He was beatified on March 5, 2000 and canonized on October 15, 2017, along with the other Martyrs of Natal.

Martyrs of Natal
The Martyrs of Natal were a group of 30 Catholic people of Colonial Brazil – two of them priests – killed in the northern part of the territory in massacres led by a group of Dutch Calvinists. One priest was a Colonial Brazilian Jesuit missionary, while the other priest was an evangelizer. The others were all lay Catholics, most of them anonymous members of the Church, some of them children.

The 30 individuals were beatified in Saint Peter's Square on 5 March 2000. Pope Francis – on 23 March 2017 – signed a decree that approved their canonization while waiving the miracle required for sainthood; the date was formalized at a gathering of cardinals on 20 April and the group was canonized as saints on 15 October 2017.
Eltham, Victoria
Eltham (/ˈɛlθəm/ ⓘ) is a suburb of Melbourne, 20 km (12 mi) north-east of the Central Business District, located within the Shire of Nillumbik local government area. Eltham recorded a population of 18,847 at the 2021 census.

Eltham is one of the 'green wedge' areas that provide relatively undeveloped, accessible environments within the Melbourne suburban region. These green wedge areas are under constant pressure from developments such as road and freeway expansions, but Eltham has managed to retain many tree-lined streets and leafy reserves. However, the character of the suburb is changing rapidly, with increased road traffic and higher-density housing becoming more common.

Eltham's tourist attractions include the artists colony Montsalvat and the Diamond Valley Railway, the largest ridable miniature railway in Australia.

Montsalvat
Montsalvat is an artists' community in Eltham, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Established by Justus Jorgensen in 1934, the colony is set among gardens on five hectares (12 acres) of land, and is home to dozens of buildings, including houses, halls, studios, galleries and stables.

All of Montsalvat's buildings were designed and built by residents using materials from a variety of sources, including Victorian era buildings then being demolished in the city centre. The grounds and buildings are currently used for exhibitions, performances, conferences, seminars, weddings and receptions; however, artists working in a variety of mediums continue to reside in Montsalvat. Several classes on various disciplines of art are offered year round by the resident artists.

Today Montsalvat is a popular tourist attraction and the entire complex is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register.