hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlach Mackintosh
Charlach Mackintosh (1 June 1935 – 8 August 2019) was a British alpine skier. He competed at the 1956 Winter Olympics and the 1960 Winter Olympics.

He was from a family of Olympians, his parents were the multi-sport athlete Charles Ernest Whistler Mackintosh and Lady Jean Douglas-Hamilton (daughter of Alfred Douglas-Hamilton, 13th Duke of Hamilton. His siblings Sheena Mackintosh, Vora Mackintosh and Douglas Mackintosh all competed at the Olympics.

Sheena Mackintosh
Asthore Sheena Hilleary (née Mackintosh) (10 November 1928 – 13 December 2018) was a British alpine skier and the daughter of former British downhill champion Chris Mackintosh and Lady Jean Bell (née Douglas-Hamilton); daughter of the 13th Duke of Hamilton. She competed in three events at both the 1948 Winter Olympics and the 1952 Winter Olympics under the name Sheena Mackintosh.
Fortuna Pop!
Fortuna POP! was an English independent record label based in London, started in 1995 by Sean Price. It specialised in indie pop music.

Fortuna POP! previously promoted gigs under the banner of The Beat Hotel and then Basement Scam at the Buffalo Bar in Highbury, London and then promoted events under their own name. The label has been called an "indie institution".

On 31 July 2016, initially via a full page statement in the programme of that summer's Indietracks festival, the label announced that it was to be shut down.

The label was home to both previously established underground acts, such as Darren Hayman, the Wave Pictures and Comet Gain, and breakthrough bands such as the Pains of Being Pure at Heart, Evans the Death and the Spook School.

Darren Hayman
Darren Hayman (born 1 December 1970) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known as the writer, lead singer, and guitarist in Hefner. Since Hefner disbanded in 2002, Hayman has embarked on a prolific solo career releasing twelve albums under his own name and appearing on albums by Papernut Cambridge, Rotifer and The Great Electric. He has regularly worked with The Wave Pictures, producing an album for them, directing three of their music videos and briefly employing them as his backing band. In January 2011 Hayman recorded and released a song every day in the month of January, working with many collaborators. Hayman also paints and has exhibited his work at exhibitions about animals in space and racing dogs.
Bai Yu (actor)
Bai Yu (Chinese: 白宇, born 8 April 1990) is a Chinese actor. 
He is best known for his roles in the dramas Love O2O (2016), Memory Lost (2016), Suddenly This Summer (2018), Guardian (2018), Detective L (2019), The Long Night (2020), The Bond (2021), and The Wind Blows from Longxi (2022).

Memory Lost
Memory Lost (Chinese: 美人为馅; pinyin: Měirén wéi xiàn) is a 2016 Chinese streaming television series produced by iQiyi, starring Yang Rong and Bai Yu. It is based on the detective trilogy of the same name by Ding Mo. The series premiered on 24 October 2016 via iQiyi, and aired for three seasons.

The series has a total of 2.3 billion online views, and also gained an international following.
Ronan Moore
Ronan Moore is an Irish politician, secondary school teacher, and author who has served as a member of Meath County Council since 2019. Representing the Social Democrats in the Trim local electoral area, he was first elected in the 2019 local elections and successfully retained his seat in 2024. He has served as Cathaoirleach of the Trim Municipal District Council since 2024.

His books have a particular focus on the quirks of Irish culture, and Irish mythology.

Trim, County Meath
Trim (Irish: Baile Átha Troim, meaning 'town at the ford of elderflowers') is a town in County Meath, Ireland. It is situated on the River Boyne and, as of the 2022 census, had a population of 9,563. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

The town is noted for Trim Castle – the largest Norman castle in Ireland. One of the two cathedrals of the United Dioceses of Meath and Kildare – St Patrick's cathedral – is located north of the river. Trim won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in 1972, 1984, 2014 and 2022, and was the joint winner with Ballyconnell in 1974. Trim was historically the county town of Meath, but this title was passed on in 1898 to the larger, neighbouring, town of Navan.
Hobbledehoy Record Co.
Hobbledehoy Record Co. (/ˈhɒbəldihɔɪ/ HOB-əl-dee-hoy) is an artistic-centric independent record label in Adelaide, Australia. Founded by Tom Majerczak  while he was attending university in Melbourne, the label has released notable recordings by Blueline Medic, Owen, Arrows, This Will Destroy You and others.

This Will Destroy You
This Will Destroy You (abbreviated as TWDY) is an American post-rock band from San Marcos, Texas, formed in 2004. They typically compose lengthy atmospheric instrumental pieces, featuring layers of effects-laden guitar and a heavy usage of dynamics. Their fourth album Another Language, released in 2014, entered the Billboard Heatseekers Album Chart at number 7.
Victims of the Fury
Victims of the Fury is a studio album by the English guitarist and songwriter Robin Trower, released in 1980. This was the last album to feature the classic Robin Trower, James Dewar and Bill Lordan lineup. It also saw Trower writing again with his former Procol Harum colleague, lyricist Keith Reid nine years after they had last collaborated.

The album was issued on CD in 1989. It was reissued in 1997 as a 2-on-1 CD along with the previous 1978 album Caravan to Midnight. The Beatles engineer Geoff Emerick was the album's sound engineer. Victims of the Fury reached No. 34 on the Billboard 200.

James Dewar (musician)
James Dewar (12 October 1942 – 16 May 2002) was a Scottish musician best known as the bassist and vocalist for Robin Trower and Stone the Crows, the latter having its beginnings as the resident band at Burns Howff in Glasgow.
Nikaah (film)
Nikaah (lit. marriage) is a 1982 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film produced and directed by B. R. Chopra.

The film stars Raj Babbar, Deepak Parashar and Salma Agha in her Hindi film debut. The film also had Asrani and Iftekhar in supporting roles. The film's music was composed by Ravi and was a huge hit. The original name of the film was Talaq Talaq Talaq, but was renamed Nikaah on the insistence of Islamic clerics.

The film won Filmfare Award for Best Dialogue and Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer for 1982. It was the sixth highest grossing Bollywood film of 1982.

Raj Babbar
Raj Babbar (born 23 June 1952) is an Indian Hindi and Punjabi film actor and politician belonging to Indian National Congress. He is a three-time member of the Lok Sabha and a two-time member of the Rajya Sabha. He was the state President of Uttar Pradesh Congress Committee.
Cherrie's pocket gopher
Cherrie's pocket gopher (Heterogeomys cherriei) is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. It is threatened by habitat loss. Some authors classify it in the genus Orthogeomys, but recent research has allowed this and its related species to be classified in the genus Heterogeomys.

Heterogeomys
Heterogeomys is a genus of rodent in the family Geomyidae, found in Mexico, Central America and Colombia. Heterogeomys are a small genus of rodents commonly known as pocket gophers, though the term applies to all genera within the family Geomyidae.  The name pocket gopher was earned for this family because of their fur lined cheek pouches that can be used for carrying food. These pouches can also be turned inside out. Species of Heterogeomys are regarded as pests, one of less than 5% of rodent species classified as pests, and the history of man's attempts to control their populations reaches back into Mayan times.  Despite some efforts to the contrary, populations of Heterogeomys seem to be on  a general upwards trend. Furthermore, all of the species of Heterogeomys are considered to be of Least Concern in the World Status Key.
Naan Avanillai (1974 film)
Naan Avanillai  (transl. I am not him) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language film starring Gemini Ganesan. Produced by Ganesan himself, it was written and directed by K. Balachander. The film is based on the 1962 Marathi play To Mee Navhech, written by Pralhad Keshav Atre. It follows a man who woos and marries several women while he takes on as many different identities.

Naan Avanillai was released on 7 June 1974 to critical acclaim and commercial success. Ganesan won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil. It was later remade into a 2007 Tamil film with the same title and a 2008 Kannada film titled Buddhivantha.

To Mee Navhech
To Mee Navhech (transl. That's not me) is a classic Marathi-language play written by Acharya Atre based on the court case of Madhav Kazi, who was an active criminal during the years between 1955 and 1960. Though the protagonist role has been played by many actors since its inception in 1962, the role of Lakhoba Lokhande played by Prabhakar Panshikar is the most memorable. To Mee Navhech is probably the first play in the world where the same actor has to do five completely different roles, not to merely add to novelty value or as a stunt, but because the story demands it. To Mee Navhech was also among the first Marathi plays to make use of the Revolving Stage between two scenes. This is also translated in many regional languages. The play has crossed over 3000 shows in total over a span of 52 years which itself is a record.
Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.

Line 11 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 11 is a northwest–southeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. Its colour is maroon. Since October 2013, Line 11 also serves neighbouring Kunshan, making it the first interprovincial and the second intercity metro in China (after the Guangfo Metro). With a single-line mileage of 82.386 kilometres (51.192 mi), it is the third-longest single-line subway line in China, after Line 6 of Chongqing (85.6 km, 53.2 mi) and Line 7 of Wuhan (83.6 km, 51.9 mi).
What a Woman!
What a Woman! is a 1943 American romantic comedy film directed by  Irving Cummings and starring Rosalind Russell and Brian Aherne.

The screenplay concerns a literary agent Carol Ainsley's trying to transform her star client, Michael Cobb, into the actor playing his most famous character. After it becomes obvious that it's impossible and he quits, Henry Pepper, a journalist writing a profile on the agent, calls him and convinces him that he's in love with Carol. Michael returns and the media embellishes their relationship constraining Carol to lead him on.

Brian Aherne
William Brian de Lacy Aherne (2 May 1902 – 10 February 1986) was an English actor of stage, screen, radio and television, who enjoyed a long and varied career in Britain and the United States.

His first Broadway appearance in The Barretts of Wimpole Street in 1931 teamed him with Katharine Cornell, with whom he appeared in many productions. In films, he played opposite Madeleine Carroll, Joan Crawford, Bette Davis, Marlene Dietrich, Rita Hayworth, Constance Bennett and Carole Lombard, and was Oscar-nominated for his role as Emperor Maximilian in Juarez (1939). On TV, he appeared in The Twilight Zone episode, "The Trouble With Templeton", Wagon Train and Rawhide.
S50 (TILO)
The S50 is a railway service that runs every hour between Biasca and Malpensa Aeroporto Terminal 1 in the Swiss canton of Ticino and the Italian state of Lombardy, respectively. Treni Regionali Ticino Lombardia (TILO), a joint venture of Swiss Federal Railways and Trenord, operates the service.

Biasca railway station
Biasca railway station (Italian: Stazione di Biasca) is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Ticino and municipality of Biasca. The station is on the original line of the Swiss Federal Railways Gotthard railway, at the foot of the southern ramp up to the Gotthard Tunnel.

The line through the Gotthard Base Tunnel, now used by most trains on the Gotthard route, diverges from the existing line to the south of Biasca station (but before Osogna), passing on the surface to the west of the town before entering the tunnel proper at Bodio. Biasca station can therefore only be served by trains on the slower, but much more scenic, original route.

Between 1906 and 1973, Biasca was the junction for the metre gauge Biasca–Acquarossa railway to Acquarossa in the Valle di Blenio.
Imperial Hotel, Tokyo
The Imperial Hotel (帝国ホテル, teikoku hoteru) is a hotel in Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda ward, Tokyo. It was created in the late 1880s at the request of the Japanese aristocracy to cater to the increasing number of Western visitors to Japan. The hotel site is located just south of the Imperial Palace grounds, next to the previous location of the Palace moat. The modern hotel overlooks the Palace, the 40-acre (16 ha) Hibiya Park, and the Yurakucho and Ginza neighborhoods.

In a reference to the three Edo era branch houses of the Tokugawa clan, the Imperial Hotel, Hotel Okura Tokyo, and Hotel New Otani Tokyo are often referred to as one of the three great hotels (御三家, gosanke) of Tokyo.

Hibiya Park
Hibiya Park (Japanese: 日比谷公園, Hibiya Kōen) is a park in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It covers an area of 161,636.66 m2 (40 acres) between the east gardens of the Imperial Palace to the north, the Shinbashi district to the southeast and the Kasumigaseki government district to the west.
Saalim Hakim
Saalim Abdul Hakim (born February 1, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Dallas Cowboys as an undrafted free agent in 2012. He played college football at Palomar College before transferring to the Tarleton State Texans. He is the younger brother of former NFL wide receiver and punt returner Az-Zahir Hakim.

Palomar College
Palomar College is a public community college in San Diego County, California. The main campus is in San Marcos and three centers and four education sites are located elsewhere throughout north San Diego County.
John MacKenzie (doctor)
John MacKenzie (c. 1755–1837) was a Scottish army surgeon. He was a native of Ayrshire, where he married Helen Miller (d.1827), one of the "Six proper Mauchline belles" who is buried in Irvine's Old Parish church. He was a member with Robert Burns of the St James Lodge, Tarbolton. His house in Mauchline is now the 'Burns House Museum,' run by East Ayrshire Council. MacKenzie wrote "Origin of Morals and Common Sense".

Richard Brown (captain)
Richard Brown (1753 – 1833) or Ritchie Broun in Scots was born in Irvine. He was a sea captain and a one time friend of Robert Burns who is credited by Burns as the being the person who "encouraged me to endeavour at the character of a Poet."
Jerry Bock
Jerrold Lewis Bock (November 23, 1928 – November 3, 2010) was an American musical theater composer. He received the Tony Award for Best Musical and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama with Sheldon Harnick for their 1959 musical Fiorello! and the Tony Award for Best Composer and Lyricist for the 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof with Sheldon Harnick.

Fiorello!
Fiorello! is a musical about New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia, a reform Republican, which debuted on Broadway in 1959, and tells the story of how La Guardia took on the Tammany Hall political machine. The book is by Jerome Weidman and George Abbott, drawn substantially from the 1955 volume Life with Fiorello by Ernest Cuneo, with lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and music by Jerry Bock. It won the three major theatre awards - Tony Award (shared with The Sound of Music), the New York Drama Critics Circle award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It is one of only ten musicals to win the latter award.
The Seven Deadly Sins the Movie: Prisoners of the Sky
The Seven Deadly Sins the Movie: Prisoners of the Sky (Japanese: 劇場版 七つの大罪 天空の囚われ人, Hepburn: Gekijōban Nanatsu no Taizai: Tenkū no Torawarebito) is a 2018 Japanese animated fantasy action film based on The Seven Deadly Sins manga series written and illustrated by Nakaba Suzuki. The film is directed by Yasuto Nishikata, with Noriyuki Abe as chief director, written by Makoto Uezu, and produced by A-1 Pictures. The film was released on August 18, 2018, in Japan and later released on November 29, 2018, in South Korea by MJ Pictures, and worldwide by Netflix on December 31, 2018.

A manga by the series' original author Nakaba Suzuki and a light novel of film adaptation by Shuka Matsuda was also released on August 18, 2018, in Japan.

The film marks the first film for the series, and was followed by Cursed by Light (2021), and Grudge of Edinburgh (2022-23).

The Seven Deadly Sins: Cursed by Light
The Seven Deadly Sins: Cursed by Light (Japanese: 劇場版 七つの大罪 光に呪われし者たち, Hepburn: Gekijōban Nanatsu no Taizai: Hikari ni Norowareshi Mono-tachi) is a 2021 Japanese animated fantasy action film based on The Seven Deadly Sins manga series written and illustrated by Nakaba Suzuki, and the second film for the series, following Prisoners of the Sky (2018). The film is directed by Takayuki Hamana, written by Rintarō Ikeda, and produced by Studio Deen. The film was released in Japan on July 2, 2021, and followed by its Netflix streaming debut on October 1, 2021.

The film takes place exactly halfway through the last episode of the fourth season and covers the manga's last chapter.
Gadsden High School (Alabama)
Gadsden High School in Gadsden, Alabama was closed after the 2005–2006 school year. It consolidated with Emma Sansom High School and Litchfield High School to form Gadsden City High School.

The school was involved in a historic case of racism against African American students in Alabama. Ten students including Jennie Patrick were discriminated against by both teachers and students after entering the school through people protesting about racial integration in schools.

Litchfield High School (Gadsden, Alabama)
Litchfield High School was a public high school in Gadsden, Alabama, serving grades nine through twelve. LHS was founded in 1958 as Litchfield Junior High School and was converted into a high school in 1975. The school bears the name of the former president of Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and inventor of the first tubeless automobile tire, Paul Weeks Litchfield.

It closed after the 2005–2006 academic school year after the Gadsden City Board of Education voted to construct a new facility - Gadsden City High School - and consolidate Litchfield, Emma Sansom, and Gadsden High Schools into one school.

Cory Middle school was later moved into the Litchfield High School buildings and renamed Litchfield Middle School.
Radiative transfer equation and diffusion theory for photon transport in biological tissue
Photon transport in biological tissue can be equivalently modeled numerically with Monte Carlo simulations or analytically by the radiative transfer equation (RTE). However, the RTE is difficult to solve without introducing approximations. A common approximation summarized here is the diffusion approximation. Overall, solutions to the diffusion equation for photon transport are more computationally efficient, but less accurate than Monte Carlo simulations.

Radiative transfer
Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically. Equations of radiative transfer have application in a wide variety of subjects including optics, astrophysics, atmospheric science, and remote sensing. Analytic solutions to the radiative transfer equation (RTE) exist for simple cases but for more realistic media, with complex multiple scattering effects, numerical methods are required. 
The present article is largely focused on the condition of radiative equilibrium.
Famous Pluto
Osahon Grandeur Uzama (born August 14, 2006), known professionally as Famous Pluto, is a Nigerian singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Benin City, he signed with Shallipopi's Plutomania Records in 2025, and rose to mainstream fame with the release of his debut single "Na Scra", that same year. Its success led to the release of his debut extended play Uzama The 3rd (2025).

Na Scra
"Na Scra" is the debut single by Nigerian singer and songwriter Famous Pluto, released on March 7, 2025, through Plutomania Records and ONErpm. It serves as the lead single from his debut extended play Uzama The 3rd. The song was produced by Busy Pluto, and debuted at number 8 on the Nigeria TurnTable Top 100.
Elijah Bristow
Elijah Bristow (1788–1872) was the first white settler to stake a claim and build a permanent cabin in 1846, in the upper Willamette Valley, in what is now Lane County, Oregon, United States. He and his wife, Susannah Gabbert Bristow established the first church and donated land for the first school in Pleasant Hill.

Lane County, Oregon
Lane County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,971, making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene, the state's second most populous city. It is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregon's first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the third-largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th-largest in the country.
Vinnie Paul
Vincent Paul Abbott  (March 11, 1964 – June 22, 2018) was an American musician best known for being the drummer and co-founder of the heavy metal band Pantera. He also co-founded Damageplan in 2003 with his younger brother, "Dimebag" Darrell Abbott, and was a member of Hellyeah for 12 years from 2006 until his death in 2018. Several outlets have ranked Abbott as among the greatest metal drummers of all time.

Hellyeah
Hellyeah, stylized as HELLYEAH, was an American heavy metal supergroup formed in Dallas, Texas, in 2006. The band's last lineup consisted of lead vocalist Chad Gray, guitarists Christian Brady and Tom Maxwell, bassist Kyle Sanders, and drummer Roy Mayorga. The idea to form a supergroup originated in 2000 on the Tattoo the Earth tour, although plans were constantly put on hold due to scheduling conflicts. The summer of 2006 allowed the band to take the project seriously and record its first album. Recorded at Chasin' Jason studio in Dimebag Darrell's backyard, their self-titled album entered the Billboard 200 at number 9, selling 45,000 copies. They went on to release five more studio albums between 2010 and 2019. As of 2021, the band is on hiatus.