hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Burr (novel)
Burr: A Novel is a 1973 historical novel by Gore Vidal that challenges the traditional Founding Fathers iconography of United States history, by means of a narrative that includes a fictional memoir by Aaron Burr, in representing the people, politics, and events of the U.S. in the early 19th century. It was a finalist for the National Book Award in 1974.

Burr is chronologically the first book of the seven-novel series Narratives of Empire, with which Vidal examined, explored, and explained the imperial history of the United States; chronologically, the six other historical novels of the series are Lincoln (1984), 1876 (1976), Empire (1987), Hollywood (1990), Washington, D.C. (1967), and The Golden Age (2000).

Lincoln (novel)
Lincoln: A Novel is a 1984 historical novel, part of the Narratives of Empire series by Gore Vidal. The novel describes the presidency of Abraham Lincoln and extends from the start of the American Civil War until his assassination. Rather than focus on the Civil War itself, the novel is centred on Lincoln's political and personal struggles. Though Lincoln is the focus, the book is never narrated from his point of view (with the exception of several paragraphs describing a dream Lincoln had shortly before his death); Vidal instead writes from the perspective of key historical figures. He draws from contemporary diaries, memoirs, letters, newspaper accounts, the biographical writings of John Hay and John Nicolay (Lincoln's secretaries), and the work of modern historians.
Ed Cooke (author)
Edward "Ed" Cooke (born 1982) is a British entrepreneur and author of Remember, Remember: Learn the Stuff You Thought You Never Could. He is also a Grand Master of Memory and the co-founder of Memrise, a freemium online educational platform that uses memory techniques to optimise learning. He grew up in Oxfordshire.

Memrise
Memrise is a British language platform that uses spaced repetition of flashcards to increase the rate of learning. It is based in London, UK.

Memrise offers user-generated content on a wide range of other subjects. The Memrise app has courses in 35 languages and its combinations, while the website for "community courses" has a great many more languages available, including minority and ancient languages. As of 2018, the app had 35 million registered users. Memrise has been profitable since late 2016, having a turnover of $4 million monthly.
Youth Parliament (Greece)
The Youth Parliament (Greek: Βουλή των Εφήβων, Voulí ton Efívon, literally "Parliament of the Youth") is a Youth Parliament organization established in 1994 and hosted annually by the Hellenic Parliament. 300 Lyceum Students from around the country are elected to represent their electorate districts by serving for one year as Young Members of the Parliament.

The aim of the institution is the active participation of young Greeks in the political life of the country and the encouragement to become active and responsible citizens.

Youth council
Youth councils, also known as youth cabinets, youth assemblies or youth parliaments, are a form of youth voice engaged in community decision-making. They are appointed or elected bodies that exist on local, state, provincial, regional, national, and international levels among governments, non governmental organisations (NGOs), schools, and other entities. Groups that include children (typically starting at age 5) often call themselves children's parliaments and are paired with youth parliaments of older children and young people.
The Accused (1949 film)
The Accused is a 1949 American drama film starring Loretta Young and Robert Cummings. It was directed by William Dieterle, produced by Hal Wallis, and written by Ketti Frings, based on Be Still, My Love, a 1947 novel written by June Truesdell. Wendell Corey appears in principal support.

Hal B. Wallis
Harold B. Wallis (born Aaron Blum Wolowicz; October 19, 1898 – October 5, 1986) was an American film producer. He is best known for producing Casablanca (1942), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and True Grit (1969), along with many other major films for Warner Bros. featuring such film stars as Humphrey Bogart, John Wayne, Bette Davis, and Errol Flynn. As a producer, he received 19 nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture.

Later on, for a long period, he was connected with Paramount Pictures and oversaw films featuring  Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Elvis Presley, and John Wayne.
A Midnight Clear (novel)
A Midnight Clear is the third novel by the American novelist William Wharton. Based on Wharton's own experiences, it was published in 1982 following Birdy (1978) and Dad (1981). The novels deals with six American soldiers who get a mission to have an eye on a German outpost at the heart of the Ardennes Forest, but the mission turns out to be much more difficult than expected. Wharton notes that he wrote this novel "thinking of the massacre of My Lai in Vietnam, to show how easy it was for a massacre to take place. And he did know how easy".

Dad (novel)
Dad is the second novel by the American novelist William Wharton. It is "a story of fathers and sons drawn from [the author's own] relationship with his own dying father". The novel was published in 1981 following Birdy (1978). It deals with a Paris-based American artist who is called to his mother's bedside as she has had a serious heart attack. It was one of the three novels by Wharton which was adapted into a movie, the other two being Birdy and A Midnight Clear.
Das Schloß (opera)
Das Schloß (The Castle, literally: The palace) is a 1992 German-language opera by Aribert Reimann. He wrote his own libretto based on Kafka's novel and its dramatization by Max Brod. It premiered on 2 September 1992 at the Deutsche Oper Berlin, staged by Willy Decker and conducted by Michael Boder.

Michael Boder
Michael Boder (9 November 1958 – 7 April 2024) was a German conductor of opera and concert who worked internationally. He was music director of the Basel Opera from 1989 to 1993, of the Liceu in Barcelona from 2008 to 2012, and principal conductor of the Royal Danish Theatre to 2016. He conducted regularly at the Vienna State Opera, including the world premieres of Cerha's Der Riese vom Steinfeld and Reimann's Medea. He also conducted the premieres of operas by Pascal Dusapin, Hans Werner Henze, Luca Lombardi, Krzysztof Penderecki, and Manfred Trojahn, among others.
Schmargendorf
Schmargendorf (German: [ˈʃmaʁɡn̩ˌdɔʁf] ⓘ) is a south-western locality (Ortsteil) of Berlin in the district (Bezirk) of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Until 2001 it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf.

Grunewald (forest)
Grunewald (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁuːnəˌvalt] ⓘ) is a German forest located in the western side of Berlin on the east side of the Havel, mainly in the Grunewald locality. At 3,000 hectares (7,400 acres) it is the largest green area in the city of Berlin.
Virginia State Route 252
State Route 252 (SR 252) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. The state highway runs 29.06 miles (46.77 km) from SR 39 near Rockbridge Baths north to U.S. Route 250, US 11 Business, and SR 254 in Staunton. SR 252 passes through rural areas of the upper Shenandoah Valley of northern Rockbridge County and western Augusta County.

U.S. Route 250 in Virginia
U.S. Route 250 (US 250) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from Sandusky, Ohio to Richmond, Virginia.  In Virginia, the highway runs 166.74 miles (268.34 km) from the West Virginia state line near Hightown east to its eastern terminus at US 360 in Richmond.  US 250 is the main east–west highway of Highland County, which is known as Virginia's Little Switzerland; the highway follows the path of the 19th century Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike.  From Staunton east to Richmond, the highway serves as the local complement to Interstate 64 (I-64), roughly following the 18th century Three Notch'd Road through Waynesboro and Charlottesville on its way through the Shenandoah Valley, its crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains at Rockfish Gap, and the Piedmont.  In the Richmond metropolitan area, US 250 is known as Broad Street, a major thoroughfare through the city's West End and downtown areas.
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri
Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri (14 September 1923 – 18 June 2005) was an Indian physicist, known for his research in general relativity and cosmology. His most significant contribution is the eponymous Raychaudhuri equation, which demonstrates that singularities arise inevitably in general relativity and is a key ingredient in the proofs of the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems. Raychaudhuri was also revered as a teacher during his tenure at Presidency College, Kolkata.

Raychaudhuri equation
In general relativity, the Raychaudhuri equation, or Landau–Raychaudhuri equation, is a fundamental result describing the motion of nearby bits of matter.

The equation is important as a fundamental lemma for the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems and for the study of exact solutions in general relativity, but has independent interest, since it offers a simple and general validation of our intuitive expectation that gravitation should be a universal attractive force between any two bits of mass–energy in general relativity, as it is in Newton's theory of gravitation.

The equation was discovered independently by the Indian physicist Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri and the Soviet physicist Lev Landau.
Kaulig Racing
Kaulig Racing is an American professional stock car racing team that competes in the NASCAR Cup Series and the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series. Kaulig fields two Cup Series Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 teams: the No. 10 full-time for Ty Dillon and the No. 16 full-time for A. J. Allmendinger. They also field five full-time Truck RAM teams: the No. 10 truck for Daniel Dye, the No. 12 truck for Brenden Queen, the No. 14 truck for Mini Tyrrell, the No. 16 truck for Justin Haley, and the No. 25 truck, with various drivers as the flagship team for RAM. The team is owned by Matt Kaulig, an owner of team sponsor LeafFilter. The team has a shop on the Richard Childress Racing campus in Welcome, North Carolina, and formerly operated out of the NTS Motorsports facility. The team previously competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series.

Brenden Queen
Brenden Michael Queen (born November 21, 1997), nicknamed Butterbean, is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 12 Ram 1500 for Kaulig Racing. He is the 2025 ARCA Menards Series champion and the 2024 CARS Late Model Stock Car Tour champion.
Trigenicus
Trigenicus is an extinct genus of small artiodactyl in the family Protoceratidae, endemic to North America. It lived from the Late Eocene 37.2—33.9 Ma, existing for approximately 3 million years. Trigenicus resembled deer, but were more closely related to camelids.

Protoceratidae
Protoceratidae is an extinct family of herbivorous North American artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) that lived during the Eocene through Pliocene. While early members of the group were hornless, in later members males developed elaborate cranial ornamentation. They are variously allied with Ruminantia or Tylopoda.
Sacramento Valley Station
Sacramento Valley Station is an Amtrak railway station in the city of Sacramento, California, at 401 I Street on the corner of Fifth Street, built in 1926 on the site of China Slough. It is the thirteenth busiest Amtrak station in the country, and the second busiest in the Western United States. It is served by four different Amtrak train routes and connecting Amtrak Thruway motorcoaches. It is also the western terminus for the Gold Line of the SacRT light rail system and the Route 30 bus serving California State University, Sacramento.

China Slough
China Slough (also called: Sutter Slough, China Lake, Sutter Lake, Sacramento Chinatown, Sacramento Chinadom, Old Sacramento Chinatown, Yee Fow), is a historical site in Sacramento, California. The site of the former China Slough is California Historical Landmark No. 594, registered on May 22, 1957. The site of California Historical Landmark China Slough is the northeast corner of 4th Street and I Street in Sacramento at about 401 I Street. Before the China Slough was filled in, the waterway ran from 3rd Street to 5th Streets to north of I Street in Sacramento. The site became the Central Pacific Railroad Sacramento station built in 1910. The 1910 station had a wooden Trestle bridge built over the China Slough. A new depot was built nearby, the Sacramento Valley Station in 1926, and is now operated by Amtrak. The China Slough ran almost where the current Amtrak train tracks run today.
Mrs. Miniver's problem
Mrs. Miniver's problem is a geometry problem about the area of circles. It asks how to place two circles  and  of given radii in such a way that the lens formed by intersecting their two interiors has equal area to the symmetric difference of  and  (the area contained in any one but not both circles). It was named for an analogy between geometry and social dynamics enunciated by fictional character Mrs. Miniver, who "saw every relationship as a pair of intersecting circles". Its solution involves a transcendental equation.

Transcendental equation
In applied mathematics, a transcendental equation is an equation over the real (or complex) numbers that is not algebraic, that is, if at least one of its sides describes a transcendental function.
Examples include:

A transcendental equation need not be an equation between elementary functions, although most published examples are.

In some cases, a transcendental equation can be solved by transforming it into an equivalent algebraic equation.
Some such transformations are sketched below; computer algebra systems may provide more elaborated transformations.

In general, however, only approximate solutions can be found.
Belinda Montgomery
Belinda Montgomery (born July 23, 1950) is a Canadian-American actress. She initially attracted notice for playing Cinderella in the 1969 television film Hey, Cinderella! She appeared in films including The Todd Killings (1971), The Other Side of the Mountain (1975) and its sequel The Other Side of the Mountain Part 2 (1978), Stone Cold Dead (1979), and Silent Madness (1984).  She starred as Dr. Elizabeth Merrill in the science-fiction series Man from Atlantis (1977–78), and as Katherine Howser, Doogie's mother, in the medical comedy-drama series, Doogie Howser, M.D. (1989–1993).

Silent Madness
Silent Madness is a 1984 American 3D slasher film directed by Simon Nuchtern and starring Belinda Montgomery, Viveca Lindfors, David Greenan, Sydney Lassick, and Solly Marx. One of the later films in the 1980s 3-D revival, Silent Madness was filmed with the ArriVision 3-D camera system.
Heterorhabditis megidis
Heterorhabditis megidis is a species of nematodes in the genus Heterorhabditis. All species of this genus are obligate parasites of insects, and some are used as biological control agents for the control of pest insects.

Heterorhabditis megidis nematodes are hosts for the Photorhabdus luminescens bacterial symbiont. It can be used to fight the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera), in Ohio.

3,5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is a bacterial stilbenoid produced by the P. luminescens bacterial symbiont species of the entomopathogenic nematode, H. megidis. Experiments with infected larvae of Galleria mellonella, the wax moth, support the hypothesis that the compound has antibiotic properties that help minimize competition from other microorganisms and prevents the putrefaction of the nematode-infected insect cadaver.

Heterorhabditis
Heterorhabditis is a genus of nematodes belonging to the order Rhabditida. All species of this genus are obligate parasites of insects, and some are used as biological control agents for the control of pest insects.

Heterorhabditis nematodes are hosts for the Photorhabdus bacterial symbiont.
John Stone (producer)
John Stone (September 12, 1888 – June 3, 1961) was an American film producer and screenwriter. He was born in New York City and died in Los Angeles, California. He produced more than 70 films between 1930 and 1946. He also wrote for more than 60 films between 1921 and 1948, often during the early 1920s using the pen name Jack Sturmwasser. He was the father of the screenwriter and playwright Peter Stone.

Peter Stone (writer)
Peter Hess Stone (February 27, 1930 – April 26, 2003) was an American screenwriter and playwright. Stone is perhaps best remembered by the general public for the screenplays he wrote or co-wrote in the mid-1960s, Charade (1963), Father Goose (1964), and Mirage (1965).
Omental foramen
In human anatomy, the omental foramen (epiploic foramen, foramen of Winslow after the anatomist Jacob B. Winslow, or uncommonly aditus; Latin: Foramen epiploicum) is the passage of communication, or foramen, between the greater sac, and the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.

Greater omentum
The greater omentum (also the great omentum, omentum majus, gastrocolic omentum, epiploon, or, especially in non-human animals, caul) is a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach. It extends from the greater curvature of the stomach, passes in front of the small intestines, and doubles back to ascend to the transverse colon before reaching to the posterior abdominal wall.  The greater omentum is larger than the lesser omentum, which hangs down from the liver to the lesser curvature. The common anatomical term "epiploic" derives from "epiploon", from Greek  epipleein 'to float or sail on', since the greater omentum appears to float on the surface of the intestines. It is the first structure observed when the abdominal cavity is opened anteriorly (from the front).
San Pietro in Montorio
San Pietro in Montorio (English: "Saint Peter on the Golden Mountain") is a church in Rome, Italy, which includes in its courtyard the Tempietto, a small commemorative martyrium ('martyry') built by Donato Bramante.

Martyrium
A martyrium (Latin) or martyrion (Greek) (pl.: martyria), sometimes anglicized martyry (pl.: "martyries"), is a church or shrine built over the tomb of a Christian martyr. It is associated with a specific architectural form, centered on a central element and thus built on a central plan, that is, of a circular or sometimes octagonal or cruciform shape.
Adobe Creek (Sonoma County, California)
Adobe Creek is a southward-flowing stream in Sonoma County, California, United States, which flows past the historic Rancho Petaluma Adobe on the creek's 7.5-mile (12.1 km) course to its confluence with the Petaluma River.  It has also been called Casa Grande Creek.

Petaluma River
The Petaluma River is a river in the California counties of Sonoma and Marin that becomes a tidal slough for most of its length. The headwaters are in the area southwest of Cotati. The flow is generally southward through Petaluma's old town, where the waterway becomes navigable, and then flows another 10 mi (16 km) through tidal marshes before emptying into the northwest corner of San Pablo Bay.
Ricardo Delgado (boxer)
Ricardo Delgado Nogales (born 13 July 1947) is a Mexican former professional boxer who competed from 1968 to 1975. As an amateur, he won a gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City in the flyweight division (−51 kg).

Delgado turned pro in 1968 and had limited success. After being undefeated in his first ten fights, he lost a decision to Davey Vasquez in 1971, a bout in which Delgado was knocked down once in the 5th and 6th rounds. Delgado's career went downhill after the loss and he retired four years later with a career record of having won 14, lost 12, and drawn 5.

David Vasquez
David Vasquez (born October 11, 1948) is an American former boxer.

As an amateur in New York City, Vasquez won the New York Golden Gloves in three consecutive years from 1967 to 1969 and was the only champion to win at both the old Madison Square Garden and the new. He competed in the men's flyweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics, which was won by Ricardo Delgado of Mexico. Vasquez would go on to defeat Delgado after they both turned professional.

Vasquez fought in 35 matches during a professional career that lasted from 1969 to 1982 while also working in the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation and attending Lehman College. Vasquez also found work in small acting roles in films including Saturday Night Fever, The French Connection and Serpico.
Onnum Mindathe
Onnum Mindathe (Without Saying anything) is a 2014 Indian Malayalam family-drama movie, produced by Shafeer Sait and directed by Sugeeth. The film stars Jayaram, Meera Jasmine, Manoj K. Jayan in the lead roles while Devi Ajith, Lalu Alex, Baby Anikha, Dharmajan Bolgatty, Joy Mathew, Valsala Menon, Ambika Mohan and Jayaraj Warrier playing supporting roles.

Meera Jasmine
Jasmine Mary Joseph, known professionally as Meera Jasmine, is an Indian actress who appears primarily in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada films. Jasmine made her debut in 2001 with the Lohithadas film Soothradharan. She went on to star in various commercial and critically successful films in South Indian languages, making her one of the successful actresses of the 2000s.

She won the National Film Award for Best Actress in 2004 for her role in Paadam Onnu: Oru Vilapam, and has twice been the recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress as well as a Tamil Nadu State Film Award. She also received the Kalaimamani award from the Government of Tamil Nadu.
Sovetsky, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Sovetsky (Russian: Сове́тский) is a town and the administrative center of Sovetsky District in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located 470 kilometers (290 mi) west of Khanty-Mansiysk, the administrative center of the autonomous okrug. Population:  26,495 (2010 Census); 23,230 (2002 Census); 21,123 (1989 Soviet census).

Sovetsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Sovetsky District (Russian: Сове́тский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is 29,768.74 square kilometers (11,493.77 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Sovetsky. Population: 48,059 (2010 Census);  44,720 (2002 Census); 73,247 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 55.1% of the district's total population.
Ridgling
A ridgling (also spelled ridgeling), or rig, is a cryptorchid; a male animal with one or both testicles undescended, usually describing a ram, bull, or male horse, but cryptorchidism also can be an issue in dogs and cats. Because the heat inside the body is too high for sperm to survive, an undescended testicle is non-functional. The condition is most often discussed in the horse world, as the health and behavioral issues surrounding adult males with the condition are of concern to owners and handlers of such animals.

Stallion
A stallion is an adult male horse that has not been gelded (castrated). Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, "cresty" neck, as well as a somewhat more muscular physique as compared to female horses, known as mares, and castrated males, called geldings.

Temperament varies widely based on genetics and training, but because of their instincts as herd animals, they may be prone to aggressive behavior, particularly toward other stallions, and thus require careful management by knowledgeable handlers. With proper training and management, stallions are effective equine athletes at the highest levels of many disciplines, including horse racing, horse shows, and international Olympic competition.

"Stallion" is also used to refer to males of other equids, including zebras and donkeys.