hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patentability
Within the context of a national or multilateral body of law, an invention is patentable if it meets the relevant legal conditions to be granted a patent. By extension, patentability also refers to the substantive conditions that must be met for a patent to be held valid.

Inventive step and non-obviousness
The inventive step and non-obviousness reflect a general patentability requirement present in most patent laws, according to which an invention should be sufficiently inventive—i.e., non-obvious—in order to be patented. In other words, "[the] nonobviousness principle asks whether the invention is an adequate distance beyond or above the state of the art".

The expression "inventive step" is used in European Patent Convention and in Patent Cooperation Treaty, while the expression "non-obviousness" is predominantly used in United States patent law. The expression "inventiveness" is sometimes used as well. Although the basic principle is roughly the same, the assessment of the inventive step and non-obviousness varies from one country to another. For instance, the practice of the European Patent Office (EPO) differs from the practice in the United Kingdom.
National Library of Norway
The National Library of Norway (Norwegian: Nasjonalbiblioteket) was established in 1989. Its principal task is "to preserve the past for the future". The library is located both in Oslo and in Mo i Rana. The building in Oslo was restored and reopened in 2005.

Prior to the existence of the National Library, the University Library of Oslo was assigned the tasks that normally fall to a national library.

The Norwegian ISBN Agency, responsible for assigning ISBNs with prefix 82- and 978-82-, is part of the National Library of Norway. The National Library is also responsible for legal deposits made from publishers in Norway. All material is to be submitted free of charge.

Aslak Sira Myhre is national librarian from November 2014.

University of Oslo Library
The University of Oslo Library (Norwegian: Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo, UBO) is a library connected to the University of Oslo.

Like the university, it was established in 1811 with Georg Sverdrup as the first head librarian. It originally doubled as the Norwegian national library, and was located at the old University of Oslo campus.

In 1913 the current library building in Henrik Ibsens gate was completed. Head librarian at the time, from 1876 to 1922, was Axel Drolsum.

In 1989 the institution National Library of Norway was established. It finally took over the national library tasks from the University Library in 1998, allowing the latter to concentrate on university matters. The same year, the University Library left the building in Henrik Ibsens gate for the newly constructed Georg Sverdrup's House, located at the modern University of Oslo campus at Blindern.
Heal's
Heal's (originally Heal & Son) is a British furniture and homeware retail company comprising seven stores, selling a range of furniture, lighting and home accessories based in London, England. The business was started in 1810 by John Harris Heal, and its headquarters have been located in Tottenham Court Road since 1818. Under Sir Ambrose Heal, the company introduced Arts and Craft style to mechanised furniture production, making it available to the middle classes. In 2001, an official guide to the archive at the Victoria & Albert Museum, wrote that for over two centuries Heal's had been known for promoting modern design and for employing talented young designers.
 Since 2001, the business has been owned by Wittington Investments, a company owned by the Weston family.

Wittington Investments
Wittington Investments Limited is the name of two privately owned holding companies, one based in Britain, the other in Canada. Both companies are controlled by the Weston family. Through these holding companies, the Weston family control some of the biggest names in food and retail on both sides of the Atlantic, including Loblaws and Associated British Foods.
Bubu Mazibuko
Bubu Mazibuko is a South African actress.  She portrayed Betsy in the 2006 film Catch a Fire.  She also portrayed Thuli in the television series Gaz'lam (2002-2005), for which she was nominated for a Duku Duku Award for Best Female Actor in a Drama.  For her performance as Lindiwe in the film Man on Ground (2011), Mazibuko was nominated for the Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Award for Best Actress in a Drama.

She has been married to Langa Masina since 2016.

Man on Ground
Man on Ground is a 2011 Nigerian South African drama film directed by Akin Omotoso. It was screened and premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. The film tells a story about how Xenophobia in South Africa affect the lives of two Nigerian brothers.
The Bird in the Bush (Traditional Erotic Songs)
The Bird in the Bush (Traditional Erotic Songs) is a folk album by A. L. Lloyd, Anne Briggs and Frankie Armstrong, released by Topic Records in 1966. The album is a collection of traditional erotic British folk songs, although the album's content is in the form of euphemism and metaphor, like "sport and play". The album was re-released in 1996 by Topic on CD with 5 additional tracks taken from other Topic folk albums of the same period.  The album is now available as a download

In 2009 Topic Records included in their 70-year anniversary boxed set Three Score and Ten Lloyd singing The Two Magicians on track five on the second CD.

Frankie Armstrong
Frankie Armstrong (born 13 January 1941) is an English singer and voice teacher. She has worked as a singer in the folk scene and the women's movement and as a trainer in social and youth work. Her repertoire ranges from traditional ballads to music-hall and contemporary songs, often focusing on the lives of women.

She is a key mover of the natural voice movement and is the president of the natural voice network, and has been a voice coach for theatrical groups, including at the National Theatre for 18 years. Involved with folk and political songs from the 1950s, she has performed and/or recorded with Blowzabella, the Orckestra (with Henry Cow and the Mike Westbrook Brass Band), Ken Hyder's Talisker, John Kirkpatrick, Brian Pearson, Leon Rosselson, Dave Van Ronk and Maddy Prior. She is blind from glaucoma.
Eskapo
Eskapo is a 1995 Filipino action thriller film directed by Chito S. Roño and written by Roy Iglesias and Jose Lacaba. It stars Christopher de Leon and Richard Gomez as Eugenio "Geny" Lopez Jr. and Sergio "Serge" Osmeña III respectively, along with Dina Bonnevie, Ricky Davao, Mark Anthony Fernandez, Eric Fructuoso, and Romeo Rivera. The film was released by Star Cinema on January 25, 1995.

Eugenio Lopez Jr.
Eugenio "Geny" Moreno López Jr. (Tagalog: [juˈhɛnjo ˈlɔpɛs]; November 4, 1928 – June 28, 1999) was the chairman emeritus of ABS-CBN Corporation from 1997 to 1999. He was known within the López Group of Companies as "Kapitán" (Filipino for "Captain"). His great-grandfather Eugenio J. López (1839–1906) was also known as "Kapitán Eugenio" ("Captain Eugenio") during his time.
Ricou Browning
Ricou Ren Browning (February 16, 1930 – February 27, 2023) was an American stunt performer, filmmaker and actor. A skilled swimmer, he was known for his innovative underwater stunt work, notably in the 1954 film Creature from the Black Lagoon, in which he portrayed the titular Gill-man during the film's underwater scenes, and in the 1965 James Bond film Thunderball, for which he was the underwater sequences director. He was also the co-creator of the Flipper media franchise.

Flipper (1963 film)
Flipper is a 1963 American adventure film written by Arthur Weiss based upon a story by Ricou Browning and Jack Cowden. Produced by Ivan Tors and directed by James B. Clark, the film centers on a 12-year-old boy living with his parents in the Florida Keys who befriends an injured wild dolphin. The boy and the dolphin become inseparable, eventually overcoming the misgivings of the boy's fisherman father.

Released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on August 14, 1963, the film introduced the popular song Flipper by Dunham and Henry Vars. It was a surprise hit at the box office and inspired the subsequent television series of the same name (1964–1967) and film sequels.

The original dolphin was a female named Mitsy, and was owned by an older couple in Little Torch Key. Mitsy performed all the tricks in the original movie. It took 5 different dolphins to "replace" her in the sequel film.
John Rauch
John Rauch (August 20, 1927 – June 10, 2008), also known by his nickname "Johnny Rauch", was an American professional football player and coach.  He was head coach of the Oakland Raiders in the team's loss to the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl II in early 1968.

1967 Oakland Raiders season
The 1967 Oakland Raiders season was the team's eighth in Oakland. Under the command of second-year head coach John Rauch, the Raiders went 13–1 (.929), an American Football League (AFL) record, and captured their first Western Division title, four games ahead of runner-up Kansas City, the defending league champion.

The addition of strong-armed quarterback Daryle Lamonica greatly energized the Raiders' vertical passing game. Additionally, the Raiders added Gene Upshaw, Willie Brown, and George Blanda to their roster as well as linebackers coach (and future head coach) John Madden prior to the 1967 season. All four were later elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

The Raiders routed the visiting Houston Oilers in the AFL championship game on New Year's Eve. They advanced to Super Bowl II in Miami two weeks later, but were defeated by the NFL champion Green Bay Packers, and finished at 14–2 (.875).
Philip Alston
Philip Geoffrey Alston AO is an Australian international law scholar and human rights practitioner. He is John Norton Pomeroy Professor of Law at New York University School of Law, and co-chair of the law school's Center for Human Rights and Global Justice. In human rights law, Alston has held a range of senior UN appointments for over two decades, including United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, a position he held from August 2004 to July 2010, and UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights from 2014-2020.

New York University School of Law
40°43′49″N 73°59′58″W﻿ / ﻿40.73028°N 73.99944°W﻿ / 40.73028; -73.99944

The New York University School of Law (NYU Law) is the law school of New York University, a private research university in New York City.

Established in 1835, it was the first law school established in New York City and is the oldest extant law school in New York State and one of the oldest law schools in the United States. Located in Greenwich Village in Lower Manhattan, NYU Law grants J.D., LL.M., and J.S.D. degrees.

As of 2025, NYU Law's first-time bar passage rate is 96.6 percent, with an ultimate bar passage rate of 99.2 percent.
Shorty Miller
Eugene Ellsworth "Shorty" Miller (November 15, 1890 – September 20, 1966) was an American football player.  He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1974.

Miller played quarterback at Penn State from 1910 to 1913, missing only one game during his tenure and amassing a 23–8–2 record. His short stature (5 ft 5 in or 1.65 m) and stubby legs earned him the nickname "the Meteoric Midget". Miller would go on to start all four seasons at Penn State, missing just one game. In 1913, he rushed for 250 yards against Carnegie Tech University — a Penn State single-game rushing record that lasted 68 years (and still the Penn State single-game rushing record for a quarterback).

Miller was the last true freshman to start at quarterback and open a season for Penn State at that position, until Rob Bolden was selected by coach Joe Paterno to open the Nittany Lions 2010 season.

Rob Bolden
Robert Craig Bolden, Jr. (born February 20, 1992) is an American former football quarterback. After attending St. Mary's Preparatory School in Orchard Lake, Michigan, he played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions from 2010 to 2011. He transferred to Louisiana State University and was a member of the LSU football team from 2012 to 2013. Bolden transferred again and finished his college football career as a member of the 2014 Eastern Michigan Eagles football team.
Josselyn's Wife (1919 film)
Josselyn's Wife is a 1919 American silent drama film based on a novel by Kathleen Norris. It was directed by Howard C. Hickman and starred Bessie Barriscale, Nigel Barrie, and Joseph J. Dowling. The novel was adapted to film again in 1926 with Pauline Frederick.

Josselyn's Wife (1926 film)
Josselyn's Wife is a 1926 silent crime drama directed by Richard Thorpe and starring Pauline Frederick. It was produced and distributed by the Tiffany Pictures company. A previous film was released in 1919 as Josselyn's Wife.

This film is incomplete at BFI National Film and Television Archive in London.
Zhang Hao (general)
Zhang Hao (Chinese: 張顥; pinyin: Zhāng Hào) (died June 18, 908) was a guard commander for late Chinese Tang dynasty warlord Yang Xingmi the Prince of Wu, who was the military governor (jiedushi) of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and Yang Xingmi's son Yang Wo (Prince Wei of Hongnong) early in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.  Along with fellow guard commander Xu Wen, he took over reins of the Hongnong state (which, in later times, would be known as Wu) by effectively putting Yang Wo under physical control.  In 908, fearing that Yang Wo was about to seize power back and kill them, they assassinated him first.  However, they then turned on each other, and Zhang was killed by Xu, who then took sole rein of Hongnong.

Yang Wo
Yang Wo (Chinese: 楊渥) (886 – June 9, 908), courtesy name Chengtian, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Liezu of Yang Wu (楊吳烈祖), was the first independent ruler of the Chinese Yang Wu dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning as the Commandery Prince of Hongnong.
Marijohn Wilkin
Marijohn Wilkin (née Melson, formerly Russell, later Selman; July 14, 1920 – October 28, 2006) was an American songwriter, famous in country music for writing a number of hits such as "One Day At a Time" and "The Long Black Veil". Wilkin won numerous awards over the years and was referred to as "The Den Mother of Music Row," as chronicled in her 1978 biography Lord, Let Me Leave a Song (authored with Darryl E. Hicks). It was honored as “One of the 100 Most Important Books about Nashville’s Music Industry.”

One Day at a Time (song)
"One Day at a Time" is a popular country and western-style Christian song written by Marijohn Wilkin and Kris Kristofferson. It has been recorded by over 200 artists and has reached No. 1 in several territories. Scottish singer Lena Martell had a UK Singles Chart number one with her version in 1979.
Emily Gielnik
Emily Gielnik (/ɡɪl.nɪk/ GILL-nick; born 13 May 1992) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Liga MX Femenil club Monterrey and the Australia women's national team. She previously played for Aston Villa in England, Brisbane Roar and Melbourne Victory in her native Australia, Liverpool in England, Urawa Red Diamonds in Japan, Avaldsnes IL in Norway, Bayern Munich in Germany and Vittsjö GIK in Sweden.

Melbourne Victory FC (women)
Melbourne Victory Football Club is an Australian professional women's association football team affiliated with Melbourne Victory FC and Football Federation Victoria based in Melbourne, Victoria. Founded in 2008, the team is one of the representatives of Melbourne in Australia's top-tier domestic competition – the A-League Women.

The Club plays at two home grounds. The Club's primary home ground is the Home of The Matildas. The club also plays home games at the in double header matches before the men's team at the Melbourne Rectangular Stadium, currently known as AAMI Park for sponsorship purposes, a 30,050-seat stadium on Olympic Boulevard in Melbourne's city centre. The Victory has previously played its home matches at other stadiums throughout Melbourne and surrounding areas, including Lakeside Stadium, Docklands Stadium and CB Smith Reserve.
Bracken (TV series)
Bracken is a television drama serial broadcast from 1980 to 1982 on RTÉ 1 in Ireland, depicting rural life in and around County Wicklow. Created and written by Wesley Burrowes, it starred Gabriel Byrne and Niall Tóibín.

The show is chiefly known for being the link between two long standing RTÉ series, in that Gabriel Byrne's character, Pat Barry, had first appeared in The Riordans, towards the end of that show's run. The characters of Dinny and Miley Byrne, played by Joe Lynch and Mick Lally, first appeared on this series, they were later to become the central stars of Glenroe. Each of the three series were created by Wesley Burrowes.

Wesley Burrowes
Wesley Burrowes (15 April 1930 – 31 December 2015) was an Irish playwright and screenwriter. Originally from Northern Ireland, he became a resident of the Republic of Ireland. He was best known as the chief scriptwriter on The Riordans and Glenroe, two of the most successful drama series produced by RTÉ Television.
Ernesto Daranas
Ernesto Daranas Serrano (born December 7, 1961) is a Cuban filmmaker. Daranas' three feature films have had unprecedented success in Cuba and were submitted to the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film. Daranas is a Latin Grammy nominee for Best Long Form Music Video and a recipient of the King of Spain Award. His filmography includes Sergio & Sergei (2017), starring Ron Perlman, and Behavior, often considered the greatest Cuban film of the 21st century.

Behavior (film)
Behavior (Spanish: Conducta) is a 2014 Cuban drama film directed by Ernesto Daranas. In English writing, the film is usually referred to by the title Behavior. The film premiered in February 2014, and played at the Málaga Film Festival before having its US premieres simultaneously at the Chicago Latino Film Festival and Havana Film Festival New York in April 2014. Behavior was then screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. It was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated.
Timothy N. Philpot
Timothy Neil Philpot (Tim Philpot, born March 18, 1951) is an American lawyer, author and judge. He was elected to serve as a family court circuit judge in Fayette County, Kentucky in 2004, and again in 2006 and 2014, in the latter case with a term expiring in January 2023. He previously served as a Republican member of the Kentucky Senate from 1993 to 1998 and as the president of Christian Business Men's Connection from 1996 to 2003. As a judge, Philpot has been criticized for writing opinion pieces on the law surrounding same-sex marriage but has also been defended as not being someone to allow his social views to influence his judicial decisions. Philpot is an author of a semi-autobiographical novel drawing on cases he has heard and his experiences as a judge, explored from his socially conservative Methodist perspective.

Christian Business Men's Connection
Christian Business Men's Connection (CBMC) is an international evangelical Christian mission organization that exists to reach out to businessmen. CBMC began in Chicago in 1930, joined with other similar groups to create a national organization in 1937, and moved its headquarters to Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1978. Among its prominent early leaders, as the Christian Business Men's Committee International, was inventor and industrialist R. G. LeTourneau. Timothy N. Philpot was President of CBMC International from July 1996 to September 2003.

According to the organization there are now 18,000 members in 700 teams in the US, and international branches in over 70 countries with over 50,000 members.
Antonia Prebble
Antonia Mary Prebble (born 6 June 1984) is a New Zealand actress, best known for her role as Loretta West in the hit NZ comedy-drama Outrageous Fortune, as Trudy in The Tribe, as Jane in The Blue Rose, and as Rita West, the grandmother of her character in Outrageous Fortune, on the prequel series Westside. Internationally she's best known for her role as Clare Langtree, the Gatekeeper in the 2006 series Power Rangers Mystic Force.

Westside (New Zealand TV series)
Westside is a New Zealand comedy drama television series created by Rachel Lang and James Griffin for South Pacific Pictures. It is a prequel to Outrageous Fortune, and chronicles the lives of Ted and Rita West. The show aired from 31 May 2015 to 16 November 2020 on Three, formerly known as TV3.

Series 4 premiered on 9 July 2018. On 21 July 2018 NZ on Air announced funding for a fifth series which will consist of 10 episodes. On 19 July 2019, NZ on Air announced funding for a sixth and final series of Westside.
Invincible (2001 theatrical film)
Invincible (German: Unbesiegbar) is a 2001 biographical historical drama film written, produced and directed by Werner Herzog. It is a fictionalized account of the lives of Zishe Breitbart, a Jewish strongman in early 20th-century Berlin, and Erik Jan Hanussen, a self-proclaimed mystic and clairvoyant. It stars real-life strongman Jouko Ahola as Breitbart and Tim Roth as Hanussen.

Zishe Breitbart
Siegmund Breitbart (22 February 1893 – 12 October 1925), also known popularly as Zishe or Sische Breitbart (Yiddish: זישע ברייטבאַרט), was a Polish-born circus performer, vaudeville strongman and Jewish folklore hero.  He was known as the "Strongest Man in the World" and Eisenkönig ("Ironking") during the 1920s.
Idaten (TV series)
Idaten: Tokyo Orinpikku-banashi (いだてん〜東京オリムピック噺〜; Idaten: The Epic Marathon to Tokyo) is a Japanese historical drama television series and the 58th NHK taiga drama. It stars Nakamura Kankurō VI and Sadao Abe as marathon runner Shiso Kanakuri and swimming coach Masaji Tabata respectively. It began broadcasting in 2019 as part of the lead up to the 2020 Summer Olympics for which NHK was, under the Japan Consortium, principal co-host broadcaster. This drama marks the 55th anniversary of the 1964 Summer Olympics, which the NHK broadcast. It is the second post-war taiga drama in NHK history (the first was Inochi: Life in 1986) and the last series to premiere in the Heisei era and the first series to air during the Reiwa era. The series received an average rating of 8.2%, the lowest in history for a taiga drama.

Shizo Kanakuri
Shizo Kanakuri (金栗 四三, Kanaguri Shisō; 20 August 1891 – 13 November 1983) was a Japanese marathon runner celebrated as the "father of marathon" in Japan. He holds the Guinness World Record for the longest time to complete a marathon with a time of 54 years 8 months 6 days 5 hours 32 minutes 20.3 seconds—Kanakuri retired from the men's marathon event at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics without informing the authorities, but Sveriges Television gave him the opportunity to complete his marathon in 1967.
Paul Tissandier
Paul Tissandier (19 February 1881 – 11 March 1945) was a French aviator. He was the treasurer of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) from its foundation (1905) to 1919, and its Secretary General from 1913 to 1945, and it awards the Paul Tissandier Diploma every year in his honor.

Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
The World Air Sports Federation (French: Fédération aéronautique internationale; FAI) is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight.  It was founded on 14 October 1905, and is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. It maintains world records for aeronautical activities, including ballooning, aeromodeling, and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), as well as flights into space.