hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Euryalus (1803)
HMS Euryalus was a 36-gun Apollo-class frigate of the Royal Navy which served in the Napoleonic Wars and War of 1812. Launched in 1803, during her career she was commanded by three prominent British naval officers of the Napoleonic era: Henry Blackwood, George Heneage Lawrence Dundas and Charles John Napier. Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Euryalus continued on active service for a number of years, before spending more than two decades as a prison hulk. She ended her career in Gibraltar where, in 1860, she was sold for breaking up.

Henry Blackwood
Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Blackwood, 1st Baronet, GCH, KCB (28 December 1770 – 13 December 1832), whose burial site and memorial are in Killyleagh Parish Church, was an Irish officer of the British Royal Navy.
Interlochen, Michigan
Interlochen (/ˈɪntərlɒkən/ IN-tər-lok-ən) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, the population was 694, up from 583 at the 2010 census.  The community is located within Green Lake Township, and is home to a post office operating with ZIP Code 49643.

The community is home to the Interlochen Center for the Arts and also contains Interlochen State Park between the shores of Duck Lake and Green Lake. Interlochen is a designated Michigan State Historic Site.

Interlochen Center for the Arts
Interlochen Center for the Arts (/ˈɪntərˈlɒkən/ IN-tər-lock-ən; also known as ICA or Interlochen and previously known as the National Music Camp) is a non-profit corporation which operates arts education programs and performance venues. Established in 1928 by Joseph E. Maddy, Interlochen Center for the Arts is located on a 1,200-acre (490 ha) campus in Green Lake Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan, immediately south of the eponymous community of Interlochen and about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Traverse City.
Baroda State
Baroda State was a kingdom within the    Maratha Empire and later a princely state in present-day Gujarat. It was ruled by the Gaekwad dynasty from its formation in 1721 until its accession to the newly formed Dominion of India. With the city of Baroda as its capital, its relations with the British Raj authorities were managed by the Baroda Residency. The revenue of the state in 1901 was Rs. 13,661,000. Baroda merged into the Dominion of India on 1 May 1949, before which an interim government was formed in the state.

Idar State
Idar State, also known as Edar, was a princely state located in present-day Gujarat state of India. During the British era, it was a part of the Mahi Kantha Agency, within the Gujarat Division of Bombay Presidency.
Mikhil Musale
Mikhil Musale is a film director from India. In 2010, he founded the film production and distribution company, CineMan Productions, with Abhishek Jain and Anish Shah. Wrong Side Raju is his first film as a director and it won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 64th National Film Awards. In 2019, he debuted in the Bollywood film industry with Made in China, starring Rajkummar Rao, Boman Irani and Mouni Roy.

Abhishek Jain
Abhishek Jain is an Indian film writer, director and producer known for his Gujarati films Kevi Rite Jaish, Bey Yaar, and Wrong Side Raju. He is credited with the revival of Gujarati cinema with Kevi Rite Jaish.

He is the founder of CineMan Productions Ltd., a feature film and ad film production company, and Oho Gujarati – India’s first exclusive Gujarati OTT platform.

In 2021, he made his Hindi directorial debut with Hum Do Hamare Do, produced under the banner of Maddock Films, for which his company also served as an associate producer.
Our Country's Good
Our Country's Good is a 1988 play written by British playwright Timberlake Wertenbaker, adapted from the Thomas Keneally novel The Playmaker.  The story concerns a group of Royal Marines and convicts in a penal colony in New South Wales, in the 1780s, who put on a production of The Recruiting Officer.

It was first staged at the Royal Court Theatre, London, on 10 September 1988, directed by Max Stafford-Clark.  It ran on Broadway in 1991.

The Recruiting Officer
The Recruiting Officer is a 1706 play by the Irish writer George Farquhar, which follows the social and sexual exploits of two English Army officers, the womanising Plume and the cowardly Brazen, in the town of Shrewsbury (the town where Farquhar himself was posted in this capacity) to recruit soldiers. The characters of the play are generally stock, in keeping with the genre of Restoration comedy.
Indeterminacy in concurrent computation
Indeterminacy in concurrent computation is concerned with the effects of indeterminacy in concurrent computation. Computation is an area in which indeterminacy is becoming increasingly important because of the massive increase in concurrency due to networking and the advent of many-core computer architectures. These computer systems make use of arbiters which gives rise to indeterminacy.

Actor model theory
In theoretical computer science, Actor model theory concerns theoretical issues for the Actor model.

Actors are the primitives that form the basis of the Actor model of concurrent digital computation.  In response to a message that it receives, an Actor can make local decisions, create more Actors, send more messages, and designate how to respond to the next message received.  Actor model theory incorporates theories of the events and structures of Actor computations, their proof theory, and denotational models.
1854 Treaty Authority
The 1854 Treaty Authority is an inter-tribal natural resource management organization committed to protecting and implementing the off-reservation hunting, fishing, and gathering rights for the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa and the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa in the lands ceded to the United States government under the Treaty of La Pointe.

Based out of Duluth, Minnesota, 1854 Treaty Authority's policy is set by the Board of Commissioners composed of the tribal chairperson from each member tribe or a designee.  1854 Treaty Authority has four divisions including Administration, Resource Management, Education and Outreach, and Conservation Enforcement.

Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission
The Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC) is an intertribal, co-management agency committed to the implementation of off-reservation treaty rights on behalf of its eleven-member Ojibwa tribes. Formed in 1984 and exercising authority specifically delegated by its member tribes, GLIFWC's mission is to help ensure significant off-reservation harvests while protecting the resources for generations to come.
Song Car-Tunes
Ko-Ko Song Car-Tunes, Song Car-Tunes, or (as some sources erroneously say) Sound Car-Tunes, is a series of short three-minute animated films produced by Max Fleischer and Dave Fleischer between May 1924 and September 1927, pioneering the use of the "Follow the Bouncing Ball" device used to lead audiences in theater sing-alongs. The Song Car-Tunes also pioneered the application of sound film to animation.

Screen Songs
Screen Songs (formerly known as KoKo Song Car-Tunes) are a series of animated cartoons produced at the Fleischer Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures between 1929 and 1938. Paramount brought back the sing-along cartoons in 1945, now in color, and released them regularly through 1951. Two of Paramount's one-shot cartoons quietly revived the format later: Candy Cabaret (1954) and Hobo's Holiday (1963).
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf
Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf (German: [ʃaʁˌlɔtn̩bʊʁk ˈvɪlmɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in an administrative reform with effect from 1 January 2001, by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf.

Westend (Berlin)
Westend (German: [ˈvɛstʔˈɛnt] ⓘ) is a locality of the Berlin borough Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf in Germany. It emerged in the course of Berlin's 2001 administrative reform on the grounds of the former Charlottenburg borough. Originally a mansion colony, it is today a quite densely settled, still affluent territory adjacent to Berlin's inner city in the east.
Wurzelbrink
The Wurzelbrink is a hill south of Lübbecke which, at 318 m above NN, is the second highest peak in the Wiehen Hills in north Germany. Immediately to the south is the no less majestic Kniebrink (315 m). There is an old and rather small watchtower, the Wartturm, on top of the Wurzelbrink, which was built in 1857, whose outstanding views of the local area are partly obscured by the trees that have now grown up around it.

Kniebrink
The Kniebrink, at 315 m above sea level (NN), is the third highest mountain in the northern German Wiehen Hills. Its immediate summit belongs administratively to the village of Oberbauerschaft in the municipality of Hüllhorst. However, its boundary with the town of Lübbecke runs just north of the summit, so that its northern slopes belong to Lübbecke.

The Kniebrink is just 3 metres lower than the more northerly Wurzelbrink, which obscures it from view in Lübbecke. The hill is largely trackless. In spring 2007 its trees suffered major storm damage. The top can be reaches from Lübbecke in under 45 minutes. From the south you need about 20 minutes for the short but steep climb.
Commission on Economy and Efficiency
The Commission on Economy and Efficiency was a presidential commission appointed by President William Howard Taft between 1910 and 1913 to look at and propose reforms for the United States federal government, particularly the presidential budget.  It is also known in government reorganization and reform scholarship as the Taft Commission, however, this is a bit of a misnomer as the Taft Commission originally referred to the Philippine Commission of which Taft was the chairman.  The Commission on Economy and Efficiency is most notable for proposing the first budget for the federal government but also is notable for creating the procedure for the President to establish a commission to study administrative reform.

Committee on Department Methods
The Committee on Department Methods, popularly known as the Keep Commission, was appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905.  The Commission's members were Charles H. Keep, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury and Chairman of the Commission, James R. Garfield, Gifford Pinchot, Frank H. Hitchcock and Lawrence O. Murray.  The Commission represented the first assertion by a President that the President is responsible for administration.
Jeremy Kasten
Jeremy Craig Kasten (born March 25, 1971) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer and editor. Kasten is best known for his arthouse horror pieces, which range from psychological horror films such as The Attic Expeditions (2001) and The Dead Ones (2010) to Grand Guignol, such as his re-imagining of Herschell Gordon Lewis’s classic splatter film The Wizard of Gore (2007) and his contribution to the horror anthology film The Theatre Bizarre (2011). Other work includes the zombie film All Soul’s Day: Dia de los Muertos (2005) and the drug-fueled vampire film The Thirst (2006).

The Theatre Bizarre
The Theatre Bizarre is a 2011 American horror anthology film. The six segments are directed by Douglas Buck, Buddy Giovinazzo, David Gregory, Karim Hussain, Tom Savini and Richard Stanley. The wraparound segments featuring Udo Kier were directed by Jeremy Kasten.
Carnot group
In mathematics, a Carnot group is a simply connected nilpotent Lie group, together with a derivation of its Lie algebra such that the subspace with eigenvalue 1 generates the Lie algebra. The subbundle of the tangent bundle associated to this eigenspace is called horizontal. On a Carnot group, any norm on the horizontal subbundle gives rise to a Carnot–Carathéodory metric. Carnot–Carathéodory metrics have metric dilations; they are asymptotic cones (see Ultralimit) of finitely-generated nilpotent groups, and of nilpotent Lie groups, as well as tangent cones of sub-Riemannian manifolds.

Sub-Riemannian manifold
In mathematics, a sub-Riemannian manifold is a certain type of generalization of a Riemannian manifold. Roughly speaking, to measure distances in a sub-Riemannian manifold, you are allowed to go only along curves tangent to so-called horizontal subspaces.

Sub-Riemannian manifolds (and so, a fortiori, Riemannian manifolds) carry a natural intrinsic metric called the metric of Carnot–Carathéodory. The Hausdorff dimension of such metric spaces is always an integer and larger than its topological dimension (unless it is actually a Riemannian manifold).

Sub-Riemannian manifolds often occur in the study of constrained systems in classical mechanics, such as the motion of vehicles on a surface, the motion of robot arms, and the orbital dynamics of satellites. Geometric quantities such as the Berry phase may be understood in the language of sub-Riemannian geometry. The Heisenberg group, important to quantum mechanics, carries a natural sub-Riemannian structure.
Aleix Espargaró
Aleix Espargaró Villà (Catalan pronunciation: [əˈleʃ əspəɾɣəˈɾo βiˈʎa]; born 30 July 1989) is a Former Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He was the Spanish 2004 FIM CEV 125cc International Champion and has competed since 2017 in the MotoGP class using Aprilia machines. He retired from Grand Prix racing at the end of the 2024 season and signed as a test rider for Honda Racing Corporation. He decided to become a cyclist with the United States team, Lidl-Trek, making his debut in the world of cycling at the 2025 Tour of Austria.

Mika Kallio
Mika Kallio (born 8 November 1982) is a Finnish Grand Prix motorcycle racer, currently serving as the lead test and development rider for the Red Bull KTM team in MotoGP. He debuted in the 125cc World Championship with the Finnish rookie team Ajo Motorsport in the 2001 German Grand Prix and was awarded the "Rookie of the Year" with the team in 2002. After moving to the Red Bull KTM Factory Racing team during the 2003 season, he finished runner-up in the 125cc class in both 2005 and 2006, and also finished runner-up in the 2014 Moto2 World Championship. Moving up to MotoGP full-time for 2009 and 2010, he obtained the "Rookie of the Year" award in his first season in the premier class.
James Hedley
James Hedley (born 1 September 2003) is a British racing driver who last competed in the FIA Formula 3 Championship for Van Amersfoort Racing, having previously raced for AIX Racing.

Hedley previously competed in the 2024 GB3 Championship with VRD by Arden. He is part of the BRDC Rising Star Programme.

2024 GB3 Championship
The 2024 GB3 Championship was a motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars held across Europe. The 2024 season was the ninth organised by the British Racing Drivers' Club in the United Kingdom, and the fourth season under the GB3 moniker after rebranding from the BRDC British Formula 3 Championship in mid-2021. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers. The season was run over eight triple-header rounds, starting in March and running over eight race weekends until September.

Both championships were decided at the final race: Louis Sharp won the Drivers' Championship ahead of John Bennett and Tymek Kucharczyk, while his team, Rodin Motorsport, won its first Teams' Championship
Tiger Stadium (Detroit)
Tiger Stadium, previously known as Navin Field and  Briggs Stadium, was a multi-use stadium located in the Corktown neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan, United States. The stadium was nicknamed "The Corner" for its location at the intersection of Michigan and Trumbull Avenues. It hosted the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1912 to 1999, as well as the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL) from 1938 to 1939, 1941 to 1974. Tiger Stadium was declared a State of Michigan Historic Site in 1975 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The last Tigers game at the stadium was held on September 27, 1999. In the decade after the Tigers vacated the stadium, several rejected redevelopment and preservation efforts finally gave way to the stadium's demolition, which was completed on September 21, 2009. The former playing field remained until 2018, when the site was redeveloped for youth sports as the Corner Ballpark.

Comerica Park
Comerica Park is a baseball stadium in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It has been the home of the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB) since its opening in 2000. It was built in the retro-classic style, and currently has a seating capacity of 41,083.
Yadanarbon F.C.
Yadanarbon Football Club (Burmese: ရတနာပုံ ဘောလုံး အသင်း [jədənàbòʊɰ̃]) is a Burmese professional football club based at the Bahtoo Stadium in Mandalay. The club was a founding member of the Myanmar National League in 2009.

Myanmar National League
Myanmar National League (Burmese: မြန်မာနေရှင်နယ်လိဂ်) often referred to as MNL, is the highest level of the Myanmar football league system. Contested by 12 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the MNL-2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 22 games.
Skhul Cave
Skhul Cave (Levantine Arabic: مَغَارَة السخول, romanized: mġaret es-Skhūl, lit. 'Young Goat Cave') or Me'arat HaGedi (Hebrew: מערת הגדי) is a prehistoric archaeological site situated about 20 kilometres (12.4 miles) south of the city of Haifa, Israel, and about 3 km (1.9 mi) from the Mediterranean Sea.

Together with the nearby caves of Tabun, Jamal, and El Wad, Skhul Cave is part of the Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve, a national park and UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tabun Cave
The Tabun Cave is an excavated site located at Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve, Israel and is one of the Human Evolution sites at Mount Carmel, which were proclaimed as having universal value by UNESCO in 2012.
Quiz bowl
Quiz bowl (quizbowl, scholars' bowl, scholastic bowl, academic bowl, academic team, academic challenge, etc.) is a family of quiz-based competitions that test players on a wide variety of academic subjects. Standardized quiz bowl formats are played by primary school, middle school, high school, and university students throughout North America, Asia, Europe, Australia, and Africa.

Quiz bowl competitions are typically played with a lockout buzzer system between at least two teams, usually consisting of four players each. A moderator reads questions to the players, who try to score points for their team by buzzing first and responding with the correct answer.

Quiz bowl is most commonly played in a tossup/bonus format, which consists of a series of two different types of questions. Other formats, particularly in local competitions, may deviate from the above rules, with additions like lightning rounds or category choice.

Academic Competition Federation
The Academic Competition Federation (ACF) is an organization, founded as the Academic Competition Foundation in 1991, that runs a national championship for collegiate quiz bowl as well as other tournaments.
Mike Perez (American football)
Michael Paul Perez (born March 7, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football for the San Jose State Spartans was selected by the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL) in the seventh round of the 1988 NFL draft. Perez was also a member of the Houston Oilers, Frankfurt Galaxy, Kansas City Chiefs, Denver Broncos. He played in the AFL for the Albany Firebirds, New York CityHawks and New England Sea Wolves

Toronto Phantoms
The Toronto Phantoms were a professional arena football team based in Toronto, Ontario. The team was a member of the Eastern Division of the National Conference of the Arena Football League (AFL). The team also previously operated in New York City and Hartford, Connecticut.
Linda Morgan
Linda Morgan (born 1942), now known as Linda Hardberger, became known as the "miracle girl" following the collision of the SS Andrea Doria and the MS Stockholm in the North Atlantic Ocean on the foggy night of July 25, 1956.

MS Stockholm (1946)
MS Stockholm was a passenger ship that was constructed as a transatlantic ocean liner for the Swedish American Line, and later rebuilt into a cruise ship. Stockholm is best known for the accidental collision with the Andrea Doria in July 1956, which resulted in the sinking of the Italian liner with 46 fatalities off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts.

During her seven decades of service, she passed through several owners and sailed under the names Stockholm, Völkerfreundschaft, Volker, Fridtjof Nansen, Italia I, Italia Prima, Valtur Prima, Caribe, Athena, and Azores before beginning service as Astoria in March 2016. Astoria sailed with Cruise & Maritime Voyages until the company ceased operations in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. After being laid up for several years in Rotterdam, the historic vessel was finally sold for scrap in June 2025. On 4 July 2025, Astoria was towed from Rotterdam to Ghent for recycling.
Terror Trail (1946 film)
Terror Trail is a 1946 American Western film directed by Ray Nazarro and starring Charles Starrett. The film's sets were designed by the art director Charles Clague. It was shot at the Iverson Ranch. This was the seventeenth of 65 films in the Durango Kid series.

The Durango Kid
The Durango Kid is a 1940 American Western directed by Lambert Hillyer, starring Charles Starrett, Luana Walters and Kenneth McDonald. This is the first of 65 Durango Kid movies Starrett made at Columbia Pictures.

The Durango Kid was just another of Columbia's B-western features in its popular Charles Starrett series, with no special distinction except for its standard hero-vs.-villain plotline. In 1945 the studio produced a sequel, The Return of the Durango Kid, which caught on with moviegoers and became a series. Starrett went on to portray The Durango Kid full-time until his retirement in 1952.
Duncan Campbell (inventor)
Duncan Campbell (born 1955 or 1956), sometimes known as "the Quadfather", is a Canadian co-inventor of murderball. In the 1970s, Campbell invented the sport with four other Canadians before the sport was renamed to wheelchair rugby. In the sport, Campbell coached the Canadian team that went to the 2000 Summer Paralympics and organized the 2010 IWRF World Championship. Apart from wheelchair rugby, Campbell became a recreational therapist for the G. F. Strong Centre in 1986. His honours include an induction into the Canadian Paralympic Committee Hall of Fame in 2005 and receiving the Paralympic Order in 2013.

Canadian Paralympic Committee
The Canadian Paralympic Committee (CPC; French: Comité paralympique canadien), also known as Team Canada, is the private, non-profit organization representing Canadian Paralympic athletes in the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and the Parapan American Games. It represents 25 member sports organisations.