రోనాల్డ్ రాస్
సర్ రోనాల్డ్ రాస్ (ఆంగ్లం Sir Ronald Ross) (13 మే, 1857 – 16 సెప్టెంబర్, 1932) ప్రముఖ ఆంగ్లో-ఇండియన్ శాస్త్రవేత్త. ఇతనికి, మలేరియా పారసైట్ యొక్క జీవితచక్రానికి చెందిన పరిశోధనకు గాను. 1902లో వైద్యశాస్త్రంలో నోబెల్ బహుమతి ప్రదానం చేయబడింది. ఈయన హైదరాబాదు నగరంలో తన పరిశోధన జరిపాడు. ప్రస్తుతం "మినిస్టర్స్ రోడ్"గా పిలిచే రహదారిని 2000 సంవత్సరం వరకు "సర్ రోనాల్డ్ రాస్ రోడ్" అనేవారు.
రొనాల్డ్ రాస్ భారతదేశం లోని ఉత్తరాఖండ్ రాష్ట్రంలోని అల్మోరాలో జన్మించాడు. ఇతని తండ్రి జనరల్ సర్ గ్రాంట్ రాస్ బ్రిటిష్ ఇండియన్ ఆర్మీలో పనిచేశాడు.
ఎనిమిది సంవత్సరాల వయసులో రాస్ ను విద్యాభ్యాసం కోసం ఇంగ్లాండు పంపించారు. రైడ్ లో ప్రాథమిక విద్యాభ్యాసం తరువాత 1869 లో సౌతాంప్టన్ లోని బోర్డింగ్ పాఠశాలకు పంపించారు. 
రాస్ వైద్యశాస్త్రాన్ని లండన్ లోని సెయింట్ బార్తొలోమ్ హాస్పిటల్ లో 1875 - 1880 మధ్య పూర్తిచేశాడు. తర్వాత రాయల్ కాలేజ్ ఆఫ్ సర్జన్స్ సభ్యత్వం (Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons:MRCS) పొందాడు. ఇతడు 1881 లో ఇండియన్ మెడికల్ సర్వీసులో చేరి ముందుగా మద్రాసులో పనిచేశాడు.
Ross studied malaria between 1881 and 1899. He worked on malaria in Calcutta at the Presidency General Hospital. In 1883, Ross was posted as the Acting Garrison Surgeon at Bangalore during which time he noticed the possibility of controlling mosquitoes by controlling their access to water.
In 1897, Ross was posted in Ooty and fell ill with malaria. After this he was transferred to Secunderabad, he discovered the presence of the malarial parasite within a specific species of mosquito, the Anopheles. He initially called them "dapple-wings" and following the hypothesis of Sir Patrick Manson that the agent that causes malaria was spread by the mosquito, he was able to find the malaria parasite in a mosquito that he artificially fed on a malaria patient named Hussain Khan. Later using birds that were sick with malaria, he was soon able to ascertain the entire life cycle of the malarial parasite, including its presence in the mosquito's salivary glands. He demonstrated that malaria is transmitted from infected birds to healthy ones by the bite of a mosquito, a finding that suggested the disease's mode of transmission to humans. 
In 1902, Ross was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his remarkable work on malaria.
In 1899, Ross went back to Britain and joined Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine as a professor of tropical medicine. In 1901 Ross was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons and also a Fellow of the Royal Society, of which he became Vice-President from 1911 to 1913. In 1902 he was appointed a Companion of the Most Honourable Order of Bath by King Edward VII, and discovered how malaria was transmitted. In 1911 he was elevated to the rank of Knight Commander of the same Order.
During his active career Ross advocated the task of prevention of malaria in different countries. He carried out surveys and initiated schemes in many places, including West Africa, the Suez Canal zone, Greece, Mauritius, Cyprus, and in the areas affected by the First World War. He also initiated organizations, which have proved to be well established, for the prevention of malaria within the planting industries of India and Ceylon. He made many contributions to the epidemiology of malaria and to methods of its survey and assessment, but perhaps his greatest was the development of mathematical models for the study of its epidemiology, initiated in his report on Mauritius in 1908, elaborated in his Prevention of malaria in 1911 and further elaborated in a more generalized form in scientific papers published by the Royal Society in 1915 and 1916. These papers represented a profound mathematical interest which was not confined to epidemiology, but led him to make material contributions to both pure and applied mathematics.
Through these works Ross continued his great contribution in the form of the discovery of the transmission of malaria by the mosquito, but he also found time and mental energy for many other pursuits, being poet, playwright, writer and painter. Particularly, his poetic works gained him wide acclamation which was independent of his medical and mathematical standing.