برج بنك أوف أمريكا
برج مصرف أمريكا بالإنجليزية The Bank of America Tower هو ناطحة سحاب عالية جداً يبلغ ارتفاعها 1200 قدم (366 م) ويقع في وسط مانهاتن في مدينة نيويورك ويقع على الشارع السادس بين 42 و43 شارع مقابل براينت بارك
وقد تم تنفيذ المشروع بقيمه 1 مليار دولار أمريكي من قبل كوكفوكس والذي تم الأعلان عنه ليكون واحد من أكثر المباني كفاءة وصديق للبيئة في العالم وهو يعتبر رابع أطول ناطحة سحاب في مدينة نيويورك بعد برجي مركز التجارة العالمي و بارك أفينو 432 ومبنى إمباير ستيت وسادس أطول مبنى في الولايات المتحدة وأكتمل بناءه عام 2009.
المستدقة المعمارية للبرج هي 255.5 قدم (77.9 م) طويل القامة وضعت عام 15 ديسمبر 2007 ومكون من 55 طابق ويحتوي على 2،100،000 قدم مربع من المساحات المكتبية وثلاث سلاسلم كهربائية 50 خدمة مكاتب واثنين .
هُدمت العديد من المباني لإفساح المجال للبرج وكان من بينها فندق الدبلوماتمكون من 13 طابق واحتل موقع 108 غرب شارع 43 منذ عام 1911، ومسرح هنري ميلر الذي اعيد بناؤه واعيد افتتاحه في موقع سابق ، يشمل المبنى المستأجرين ويعتبر برج مصرف أمريكا نموذجاً حياً في جميع انحاء العالن عن العمارة الخضراء في ناطحات السحاب.
يشار إلى المبنى بأسم "BOAT"اي يعني زورق وهو اختصار لBank of America Tower.
The design of the building makes it environmentally friendly, using technologies such as floor-to-ceiling تزجيج عازل to contain heat and maximize natural light, and an automatic daylight dimming system. The tower also features a مياه رمادية system, which captures مطر for reuse. Bank of America states that the building is made largely of recycled and recyclable materials. Air entering the building is filtered, as is common, but the air exhausted is cleaned as well. Bank of America Tower is the first skyscraper designed to attain a Platinum الريادة في تصميمات الطاقة والبيئة Certification.
The Bank of America Tower is constructed using a concrete manufactured with خبث, a byproduct of فرن لافح. The mixture used in the tower concrete is 55% cement and 45% slag. The use of slag cement reduces damage to the environment by decreasing the amount of cement needed for the building, which in turn lowers the amount of carbon dioxide غازات دفيئة produced through the normal cement manufacturing process. Each ton of regular cement produced creates about one ton of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Temperature control and the production of some of its energy are accomplished in an environmentally friendly manner for the tower. Insulated glazing reduces thermal loss, lowering energy consumption and increasing transparency. Carbon dioxide sensors signal increased fresh air ventilation when elevated levels of carbon dioxide are detected in the building. Conditioned air for the occupants is provided by multiple air column units located in the tenant space that deliver 50 °F air into a raised access floor plenum. This underfloor air system provides users with the ability to control their own space temperature as well as improving the ventilation effectiveness. When building churn occurs, workstation moves can be performed more easily with lower cost and less product waste. The cooling system produces and stores ice during off-peak hours, and allows the ice to melt to help cool the building during توزيع الحمل الكهربائي, similar to the ice batteries in the 1995 Hotel New Otani Tokyo in اليابان. Ice batteries have been used since absorption chillers first made ice commercially available 150 years ago, before the invention of the electric light bulb.
Water conservation features in the tower include waterless مباول, which are estimated to save of water per year and reduce CO emissions by per year (as calculated with the Pacific Institute water-to-air model). The tower has a 4.6-megawatt توليد مشترك plant, which provides part of the base-load energy requirements. Onsite power generation reduces the significant electrical transmission losses that are typical of central power production plants.
The magazine "تايم (مجلة)" found out in August of 2013 that the Bank of America Tower used twice as much energy overall as the مبنى إمباير ستيت did, due to the large energy usage in the Bank of America Tower and the comparatively small occupancy rate of the Empire State Building.
In summer 2013, the Durst Organization employed Brooklyn Grange Rooftop Farm to install and maintain two honeybee hives on the building.
When comparing building height, only the structural height is used according to rules and regulations of the مجلس المباني الشاهقة والمساكن الحضرية. Currently, the مبنى نيويورك تايمز and the مبنى كرايسلر are tied for the position of the third tallest buildings in New York City. With the architectural spire included, the structural height of the Bank of America Tower is , making it the third tallest building in New York City (after One World Trade Center and the Empire State Building).
A formal ruling by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat has been released, confirming this.
In June 2008, the New York Academy of Sciences launched a podcast that highlights these green features.
In October 2009, the building was featured on episode 100 of the قناة ناشونال جيوغرافيك television series "MegaStructures".
In June 2010, the Bank of America Tower was the recipient of the 2010 Best Tall Building Americas award by the مجلس المباني الشاهقة والمساكن الحضرية.
Materials fell from the building on three occasions: