hordruma/ontario_laws_and_regs huggingface dataset:
PART I INTERPRETATION
Governing principles
1 (1) The City of Toronto exists for the purpose of providing good government with respect to matters within its jurisdiction, and the city council is a democratically elected government which is responsible and accountable.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 1 (1). Relationship with the Province (2) The Province of Ontario endorses the principle that it is in the best interests of the Province and the City to work together in a relationship based on mutual respect, consultation and co-operation.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 1 (2). Consultation (3) For the purposes of maintaining such a relationship, it is in the best interests of the Province and the City to engage in ongoing consultations with each other about matters of mutual interest and to do so in accordance with an agreement between the Province and the City.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 1 (3). Agreements with the federal government (4) The Province acknowledges that the City has the authority to enter into agreements with the Crown in right of Canada with respect to matters within the City’s jurisdiction.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 1 (4).
PART I INTERPRETATION
Purposes of this Act
2 The purpose of this Act is to create a framework of broad powers for the City which balances the interests of the Province and the City and which recognizes that the City must be able to do the following things in order to provide good government: 1. Determine what is in the public interest for the City. 2. Respond to the needs of the City. 3.   Determine the appropriate structure for governing the City other than with respect to the composition of city council and the division of the City into wards. 4. Ensure that the City is accountable to the public and that the process for making decisions is transparent. 5. Determine the appropriate mechanisms for delivering municipal services in the City. 6. Determine the appropriate levels of municipal spending and municipal taxation for the City. 7. Use fiscal tools to support the activities of the City.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 2; 2018, c. 11, Sched. 1, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2018, c. 11, Sched. 1, s. 1 - 14/08/2018 Interpretation
PART I INTERPRETATION
Special Acts
4 (1) In this section, “special Act” means an Act, other than this Act, relating to the City in particular.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 4 (1). Relationship between this Act and special Acts (2) Except where otherwise expressly or by necessary implication provided, (a) this Act does not limit or restrict the powers of the City under a special Act; and (b) a special Act does not limit or restrict the powers of the City under this Act.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 4 (2). Override power (3) Despite subsection (2), the City may exercise its powers with respect to any of the following matters to override a special Act, even if the special Act is more specific and is enacted more recently: 1. Changing the name of the City. 2., 3.  Repealed: 2018, c. 11, Sched. 1, s. 2. 4. Dissolving or changing local boards. 5. Any other matter dealt with by a provision of an Act which provides, expressly or by necessary implication, that the provision or the exercise of power under the provision prevails over the special Act.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 4 (3); 2018, c. 11, Sched. 1, s. 2. Exclusion (4) Subsection (3) does not apply if the special Act expressly or by necessary implication precludes the exercise of the power.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 4 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2018, c. 11, Sched. 1, s. 2 - 14/08/2018
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Scope of powers
6 (1) The powers of the City under this or any other Act shall be interpreted broadly so as to confer broad authority on the City to enable the City to govern its affairs as it considers appropriate and to enhance the City’s ability to respond to municipal issues.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 6 (1); 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 2. Ambiguity (2) In the event of ambiguity in whether or not the City has the authority under this or any other Act to pass a by-law or to take any other action, the ambiguity shall be resolved so as to include, rather than exclude, powers the City had on the day before this section came into force.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 6 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 2 - 01/01/2007
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Expropriation
9 (1) The power of the City to acquire land under this or any other Act includes the power to expropriate land in accordance with the Expropriations Act. 2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 9 (1). Extended power (2) The City, a local board of the City that has the authority to expropriate land and a school board that has jurisdiction in any part of the City and has the authority to expropriate land may, with the approval of the Ontario Land Tribunal, exercise the authority to expropriate land with respect to land or an interest in land owned by another municipality, local board or school board that has the authority to expropriate land. 2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 9 (2); 2017, c. 23, Sched. 5, s. 8; 2021, c. 4, Sched. 6, s. 37 (1). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 23, Sched. 5, s. 8 - 03/04/2018 2021, c. 4, Sched. 6, s. 37 (1) - 01/06/2021
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Scope of by-laws generally
10 (1) Without limiting the generality of section 6 and except as otherwise provided, a by-law under this Act may be general or specific in its application and may differentiate in any way and on any basis the City considers appropriate.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 10 (1). Exceptions (2) Subsection (1) does not apply with respect to a by-law made under Part VII (Financial Administration), VIII (Finances), XI (Traditional Municipal Taxes), XII (Limits on Traditional Municipal Taxes), XIII (Collection of Traditional Municipal Taxes) or XIV (Sale of Land for Tax Arrears (Real Property Taxes)).  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 10 (2).
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Conflict with legislation, etc.
11 (1) A city by-law is without effect to the extent of any conflict with, (a) a provincial or federal Act or a regulation made under such an Act; or (b) an instrument of a legislative nature, including an order, licence or approval, made or issued under a provincial or federal Act or a provincial or federal regulation.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 11 (1). Same (2) Without restricting the generality of subsection (1), there is a conflict between a city by-law and an Act, regulation or instrument described in that subsection if the by-law frustrates the purpose of the Act, regulation or instrument.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 11 (2). General Restrictions
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Specific power, by-laws under general powers
12 (1) If the City has the power to pass a by-law under section 7 or 8 and also under a specific provision of this or any other Act, the power conferred by section 7 or 8 is subject to any procedural requirements, including conditions, approvals and appeals, that apply to the power and any limits on the power contained in the specific provision.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 12 (1). Interpretation (1.1) For the purpose of subsection (1) and, unless the context otherwise requires, the fact that a specific provision is silent on whether or not the City has a particular power shall not be interpreted as a limit on the power contained in the specific provision.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 4 (1). Application to new and existing provisions (2) Subsection (1) applies whether the specific provision was enacted before or after, (a) the day this section comes into force; or (b) the day a by-law passed under section 7 or 8 comes into force.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 12 (2). No retroactive effect (3) Nothing in this section invalidates a by-law which was passed in accordance with the procedural requirements in force at the time the by-law was passed.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 12 (3). Limitation (4) Subsection (1) applies to limit the powers of the City despite the inclusion of the words “without limiting sections 7 and 8” or any similar form of words in the specific provision.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 4 (2). Non-application of section (5) This section does not apply to a by-law under section 7 or 8, (a) respecting fences and signs; (b) requiring persons to clear away and remove snow and ice from land; (c) requiring persons to remove debris from land they own or occupy or from other private or public land; (d) requiring persons to cut and remove long grass and weeds, as defined in the by-law, from land they own or occupy or from highways abutting the land; (e) prescribing standards to protect against entry into vacant buildings, as defined in the Building Code Act, 1992, or to detect and signal the presence of a person in a vacant building; (f) authorizing front yard parking; (g) requiring owners or persons in charge of any premises to remove decayed, damaged or dangerous trees or branches that pose a danger to persons or property; (h) providing for any project or undertaking designed to provide housing accommodation in the City, including any public space or recreational, institutional, commercial or industrial facilities or buildings that, in the opinion of the City, may be reasonably necessary for that purpose; or (i) respecting such other matters as may be prescribed by the Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 4 (2). Exception (6) Clause (5) (h) does not apply so as to exempt the by-law described in that clause from the application of the Planning Act.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 4 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 4 (1, 2) - 01/01/2007
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Restrictions, corporate and financial matters
13 Sections 7 and 8 do not authorize the City to do any of the following: 1. Impose any type of tax, including taxes under any Part of this Act. 2. Make a grant or loan. 3. Become a bankrupt under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada). 4. As an insolvent person, make an assignment for the general benefit of creditors under section 49 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) or make a proposal under section 50 of that Act.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 13.
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Restriction re geography
15 (1) City by-laws and resolutions apply only within the boundaries of the City, except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) or in any other provisions of this or any other Act.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 15 (1). Exception, services (2) The City may exercise its powers to provide a municipal system for the provision of a service or thing in an area in another municipality or in unorganized territory if one of the purposes for so acting is for its own purposes and if one of the following conditions applies: 1. The service or thing is provided only to inhabitants of the City. 2. The other municipality is a single-tier municipality and the service or thing is provided with its consent. 3. The other municipality is a lower-tier municipality and the service or thing is provided with the consent of, i. the lower-tier municipality, if it has jurisdiction to provide the service or thing in the area, ii. its upper-tier municipality, if it has that jurisdiction, or iii. both the lower-tier municipality and its upper-tier municipality, if they both have that jurisdiction. 4. The service or thing is provided in unorganized territory, i. with the consent of a local body that has jurisdiction to provide the service or thing in the area, or ii. with the consent of the person who receives the service or thing, if no local body has jurisdiction.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 15 (2). Same (3) Despite subsection (2), the City cannot exercise its power to impose taxes under any Part of this Act for a purpose described in that subsection.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 15 (3). Terms (4) A consent under subsection (2) may be given subject to such conditions and limits on the powers to which the consent relates as may be agreed upon.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 15 (4). Definition (5) In subsection (2), “local body” means a local services board, local roads board, school board, district social services administration board, board of health and any other board, commission, body or local authority exercising any power with respect to municipal affairs or purposes in unorganized territory.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 15 (5); 2019, c. 14, Sched. 7, s. 1; 2019, c. 14, Sched. 14, s. 7 and 2021, c. 25, Sched. 26, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2019, c. 14, Sched. 7, s. 1 - 10/12/2019; 2019, c. 14, Sched. 14, s. 7 - 01/01/2022 Agreements
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Agreement for joint undertaking
16 (1) The City may enter into an agreement with one or more municipalities or local bodies, as defined in subsection 15 (5), or a combination of both, to jointly provide, for their joint benefit, any matter which all of them have the power to provide within their own boundaries.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 16 (1). Extraterritorial effect (2) The City may provide the matter in accordance with the agreement anywhere that any of the municipalities or local bodies have the power to provide the matter.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 16 (2).
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Agreement with First Nation
17 (1) The City may enter into an agreement with a First Nation to provide a municipal system within the limits of the reserve occupied by the First Nation, whether or not the reserve is within the City.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 17 (1). Extraterritorial effect (2) The City may provide the system outside its boundaries in accordance with the agreement.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 17 (2).
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Agreements with Crown
18 (1) The City may provide a system that it would otherwise not have power to provide within the City, if it does so in accordance with an agreement with the Crown in right of Ontario under a program established and administered by the Crown.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 18 (1). Extraterritorial effect (2) The City may provide the system outside its boundaries in accordance with the agreement.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 18 (2). Same (3) The City may provide a system that it has power to provide within the City outside its boundaries in accordance with an agreement with the Crown in right of Ontario under a program established and administered by the Crown.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 18 (3).
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
General power to delegate
20 (1) Without limiting sections 7 and 8, those sections authorize the City to delegate its powers and duties under this or any other Act to a person or body subject to the restrictions set out in this Part.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 20 (1). Scope of power (2) The following rules apply to a by-law delegating any of the City’s powers or duties: 1. A delegation may be revoked at any time without notice unless the delegation by-law specifically limits the City’s power to revoke the delegation. 2. A delegation shall not limit the right to revoke the delegation beyond the term of the council which made the delegation. 3. A delegation may provide that only the delegate can exercise the delegated power or that both the City and the delegate can exercise the power. 4. A delegation or deemed delegation under paragraph 6 of a duty results in the duty being a joint duty of the City and the delegate. 5. A delegation may be made subject to such conditions and limits as City council considers appropriate. 6. Where a power is delegated, the power is deemed to be delegated subject to any limits on the power and to any procedural requirements, including conditions, approvals and appeals which apply to the power and any duties related to the power are deemed to be delegated with the power.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 20 (2). Same (3) The conditions and limits referred to in paragraph 5 of subsection (2) may include such matters as the following: 1. A requirement that the delegate act by by-law, resolution or otherwise, despite subsection 132 (3). 2. Procedures that the delegate is required to follow. 3. The accountability of the delegate and the transparency of the delegate’s actions and decisions.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 20 (3).
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Restriction re: delegation of legislative and quasi-judicial powers
21 (1) Sections 7 and 8 do not authorize the City to delegate legislative and quasi-judicial powers under any Act except those listed in subsection (2) and the legislative and quasi-judicial powers under the listed Acts may be delegated only to, (a) one or more members of city council or a council committee; (b) a body having at least two members of whom at least 50 per cent are, (i) members of city council, (ii) individuals  appointed by city council, (iii) a combination of individuals described in subclauses (i) and (ii); or (c) an individual who is an officer, employee or agent of the City.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 21 (1); 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 5 (1). Listed Acts (2) For the purpose of subsection (1), the listed Acts are this Act, the Planning Act, a private Act relating to the City and such other Acts as may be prescribed.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 5 (2). Restriction re certain corporations (3) Despite clause (1) (b), no delegation of a legislative or quasi-judicial power shall be made to a corporation incorporated in accordance with section 148.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 21 (3). Restriction re officers, employees, etc. (4) No delegation of a legislative power shall be made to an individual described in clause (1) (c) unless, in the opinion of city council, the power being delegated is of a minor nature and, in determining whether or not a power is of a minor nature, city council, in addition to any other factors council wishes to consider, shall have regard to the number of people, the size of geographic area and the time period affected by an exercise of the power.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 21 (4). Same (5) Without limiting subsection (4), the following are examples of powers considered to be of a minor nature: 1. The power to close a highway temporarily. 2. The power to issue and impose conditions on a licence. 3. The powers of city council that are described in the following provisions of the old Municipal Act, as those provisions read on December 31, 2002: i. Paragraphs 107, 108, 109 and 110 of section 210. ii. Paragraph 3 of section 308. iii. Subsection 312 (2) and clauses 312 (4) (a) and (b).  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 21 (5); 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 5 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 5 (1-3) - 01/01/2007
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Powers that cannot be delegated
22 (1) Sections 7 and 8 do not authorize the City to delegate any of the following powers and duties: 1. The power to appoint or remove from office an officer of the City whose appointment is required by this Act. 2. The power to pass a by-law under section 267 and Parts XI, XII, XII.1 and XIII. 3. The power to incorporate corporations in accordance with section 148. 4. The power to adopt an official plan or an amendment to an official plan under the Planning Act. 5. The power to pass a zoning by-law under the Planning Act, except as provided under section 39.2 of that Act. 6. The power to pass a by-law in accordance with subsections 84 (1) and (2) and 252 (3), (6), (7) and (7.1). 7. The power to adopt a community improvement plan under section 28 of the Planning Act, if the plan includes provisions that authorize the exercise of any power under subsection 28 (6) or (7) of that Act or under section 333 of this Act. 8. The power to adopt or amend the budget of the City. 9. Any other power or duty that may be prescribed.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 22; 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 6 (1, 2); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 4, s. 2; 2021, c. 34, Sched. 19, s. 3; 2023, c. 17, Sched. 2, s. 20 (1). Exception (2) Nothing in subsection (1) prevents the City from delegating its administrative powers.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 6 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 6 (1-3) - 01/01/2007 2017, c. 8, Sched. 4, s. 2 - 01/01/2018 2021, c. 34, Sched. 19, s. 3 - 02/12/2021 2023, c. 17, Sched. 2, s. 20 (1) - 04/12/2023
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Effect of delegation to city boards
23 (1) When the City has delegated a power or duty to a city board, the City may provide that any existing by-law or resolution of the City that relates to the delegated power or duty is, to the extent it applies in any part of the City, deemed to be a by-law or resolution of the board.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 23 (1). Limitation (2) If a municipal service or activity is under the control and management of a city board, nothing in this Act or a by-law made under this Act, (a) authorizes the city board to provide for the financing of the municipal service or activity otherwise than by fees and charges under Part IX (Fees and Charges) unless the city board has the consent of the City to do so; (b) removes from the City its power to finance the capital and operating costs of providing the service or activity as if the City had control and management of the service or activity; or (c) removes from the City its power to deal with real and personal property in connection with the service or activity as if the City had control and management of the service or activity.  2006, c. 11, Sched. A, s. 23 (2). Delegation re hearings
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Application
24 (1) This section applies when the City is required by law to hold a hearing or provide an opportunity to be heard before making a decision or taking a step, whether the requirement arises from an Act or from any other source of law.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 7. Delegation authorized (2) Despite subsections 21 (1) and (2), sections 7 and 8 authorize the City to delegate to a person or body described in subsection 21 (1) the power or duty to hold a hearing or provide an opportunity to be heard before the decision is made or the step is taken.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 7. Rules re effect of delegation (3) If the City delegates a power or duty as described in subsection (2) but does not delegate the power to make the decision or take the step, the following rules apply: 1. If the person or body holds the hearing or provides the opportunity to be heard, the City is not required to do so. 2. If the decision or step constitutes the exercise of a statutory power of decision to which the Statutory Powers Procedure Act applies, that Act, except sections 17, 17.1, 18 and 19, applies to the person or body and to the hearing conducted by the person or body.  2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 7. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 32, Sched. B, s. 7 - 01/01/2007
PART II GENERAL POWERS OF THE CITY
Community councils
24.1 (1) Without limiting sections 7 and 8, those sections authorize the City to establish one or more community councils which are responsible for, (a) exercising the powers and duties that have been delegated to the community council by the City with respect to matters relating to all or part of the City; and (b) performing the functions assigned to the community council by the City with respect to matters relating to all or part of the City, which may include the function of making recommendations to council on any matter, such as the budget. 2017, c. 10, Sched. 2, s. 2. Composition of community council (2) A community council may include, (a) a council committee; or (b) a body having at least two members that is composed of, (i) one or more members of council, (ii) individuals appointed by council, or (iii) a combination of individuals described in subclauses (i) and (ii). 2017, c. 10, Sched. 2, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 10, Sched. 2, s. 2 - 30/05/2017 Regulations