L 150/220
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
9.6.2023
(b) reducing the Union’s contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and global biodiversity loss. 2.
Except as provided for in Article 37(3), this Regulation does not apply to relevant products listed in Annex I produced before the date indicated in Article 38(1).
Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply: (1)
‘relevant commodities’ means cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, soya and wood;
(2)
‘relevant products’ means products listed in Annex I that contain, have been fed with or have been made using relevant commodities;
(3)
‘deforestation’ means the conversion of forest to agricultural use, whether human-induced or not;
(4)
‘forest’ means land spanning more than 0,5 hectares with trees higher than 5 metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 %, or trees able to reach those thresholds in situ, excluding land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use;
(5)
‘agricultural use’ means the use of land for the purpose of agriculture, including for agricultural plantations and setaside agricultural areas, and for rearing livestock;
(6)
‘agricultural plantation’ means land with tree stands in agricultural production systems, such as fruit tree plan­ tations, oil palm plantations, olive orchards and agroforestry systems where crops are grown under tree cover; it includes all plantations of relevant commodities other than wood; agricultural plantations are excluded from the definition of ‘forest’;
(7)
‘forest degradation’ means structural changes to forest cover, taking the form of the conversion of: (a) primary forests or naturally regenerating forests into plantation forests or into other wooded land; or (b) primary forests into planted forests;
(8)
‘primary forest’ means naturally regenerated forest of native tree species, where there are no clearly visible indications of human activities and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed;
(9)
‘naturally regenerating forest’ means forest predominantly composed of trees established through natural regener­ ation; it includes any of the following: (a) forests for which it is not possible to distinguish whether planted or naturally regenerated; (b) forests with a mix of naturally regenerated native tree species and planted or seeded trees, and where the naturally regenerated trees are expected to constitute the major part of the growing stock at stand maturity; (c) coppice from trees originally established through natural regeneration; (d) naturally regenerated trees of introduced species;
(10) ‘planted forest’ means forest predominantly composed of trees established through planting and/or deliberate seeding, provided that the planted or seeded trees are expected to constitute more than 50 % of the growing stock at maturity; it includes coppice from trees that were originally planted or seeded; (11) ‘plantation forest’ means a planted forest that is intensively managed and meets, at planting and stand maturity, all the following criteria: one or two species, even age class, and regular spacing; it includes short rotation plantations for wood, fibre and energy, and excludes forests planted for protection or ecosystem restoration, as well as forests established through planting or seeding, which at stand maturity resemble or will resemble naturally regenerating forests;