EN
L 14/222
Official Journal of the European Union
16.1.2023
Equation 25: mf,G =
= 91.7334 mg
Equation 27: mp = 91.7334 mg – 90.0325 mg = 1.7009 mg Step 3: Calculation of the particulate mass emission (paragraph 8.4.3.2.2. of this annex): Equation 45: mPM =
= 1.253 g/test
Step 4: Calculation of the specific emission (paragraph 8.6.3. of this annex): Equation 69: ePM = 1.253 / 40 = 0.031 g/kWh A.5.5.
λ-Shift factor (Sλ)
A.5.5.1.
Calculation of the λ-shift factor (Sλ) (1)
Where: Sλ =
λ-shift factor;
inert % =
per cent by volume of inert gases in the fuel (i.e. N2, CO2, He, etc.); per cent by volume of original oxygen in the fuel;
=
n and m =
refer to average CnHm representing the fuel hydrocarbons, i.e:
Where: CH4 =
per cent by volume of methane in the fuel;
C2 =
per cent by volume of all C2 hydrocarbons (e.g.: C2H6, C2H4, etc.) in the fuel;
C3 =
per cent by volume of all C3 hydrocarbons (e.g.: C3H8, C3H6, etc.) in the fuel;
C4 =
per cent by volume of all C4 hydrocarbons (e.g.: C4H10, C4H8, etc.) in the fuel;
(1) Stoichiometric Air/Fuel ratios of automotive fuels - SAE J1829, June 1987.
John B. Heywood, Internal combustion engine fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, 1988, Chapter 3.4 "Combustion stoichiometry" (pp. 68 to 72).