9.12.2022
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
L 317/145
(20)
Guiding principles should therefore cover the development, use and management of entrepreneurial practices, processes and skills at all levels of society in the private and public sectors involved in knowledge valorisation.
That new scope requires policymakers to align their policy objectives accordingly and to put in place new approaches necessary for knowledge valorisation.
Those guiding principles aim to help policymakers in Member States to meet such requirements.
(21)
The guiding principles in this Recommendation should therefore concern policy initiatives aimed at all categories of ecosystem actors involved in R&I activities, such as: — academia, universities and other higher education institutions, research, innovation and technology organisations and other public research organisations, academies and learned societies, and intergovernmental initiatives and networks, such as Eureka; — civil society organisations, including citizen and non-governmental organisations; — private investors and funding and investment organisations, including foundations and charities; — individuals, such as innovators, entrepreneurs, researchers, scientists, teachers and students; — industry, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), start-ups, spin-offs, scale-ups and social enterprises; — intermediaries, such as knowledge and technology transfer professionals, incubators, science parks, Union, national and regional innovation hubs or clusters, IP experts, consultants and innovation support professionals, science communication and policy engagement teams, knowledge for policy/science advice organisations and citizen engagement professionals; — national, regional and local authorities and policymakers; — private research organisations, public and private service providers such as hospitals, public transportation providers and energy providers; — research infrastructures, technology infrastructures and other facilities and networks supporting R&I activities; — standardisation bodies.
(22)
The guiding principles should be formulated to be applicable to all or most of the categories listed in Recital 21.
The implementation of the guiding principles should be adapted to the target actors through Code of Practice documents, namely a Code of Practice for smart use of IP and a Code of Practice for researchers on standardisation.
If needed, other relevant Code of Practice documents could be co-created with stakeholders.
(23)
The guiding principles should be non-binding.
Their application should respect international, Union and national law and they should be taken into account in efforts to make the Union legal framework supportive of knowledge valorisation.
The guiding principles should be applied with the intention of the broadest possible societal use, including contribution to sustainable society in accordance with the Union guidelines for tackling R&I foreign interference (14).
Where possible and depending on the context, valorisation activities should consider the needs of and the benefits for society, besides traditional profit drivers.
One example is socially responsible licensing, where the licensing of intellectual assets should ensure that the price-setting of the final products and services does not undermine accessibility.
The guiding principles should focus on maximising the value of R&I investments beyond traditional knowledge transfer and on involving all actors in the R&I ecosystem.
(24)
Knowledge valorisation is a complex process requiring significant resources to ensure that the necessary range of skills and scalable capacity is developed and maintained in the Union.
It will require continued and up-scaled investment in the development of knowledge transfer and brokerage professionals and facilitators who act as intermediaries between relevant R&I actors.
It is especially important to encourage SMEs to participate through strong national and regional innovation ecosystems.
Additionally, proactivity in start-ups and scale-ups of all sizes should be encouraged and industrial partners should be persuaded to be open to taking risks,
(14) European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Tackling R&I foreign interference: staff working document, Publications Office, 2022.