5.8.2022
EN
Official Journal of the European Union
C 298/33
ANNEX 2
Example of health and environmental hazards and routes of exposure This Annex provides examples of common hazards and hazardous events, routes of exposure and receptors that may be present in a system for water reuse in agricultural irrigation.
It also provides a checklist to evaluate the applicability to a specific water reuse system of directives and regulations listed in the Regulation.
These elements are selected from relevant EU directives and regulations, and published standards and guidelines (i.e. ISO 20426 (2018) (1), ISO 16075-1 (2020) (2), WHO Guidelines (2006) (3), WHO Sanitation Safety Planning Manual (2016) (4), Australian Guidelines (2006) (5)).
The aim is to propose examples to assist in the identification of these elements required for the development of a risk assessment.
The elements reported here are mere examples: their correct identification and assessment must be based on the specific water reuse system.
Directives and regulations listed in point 5 of Annex II to the Regulation Table 2.1 Directive and regulations listed in point 5 of Annex II and evaluation of their application on a water reuse system
Directive/Regulation
Requirements under Annex II, point 5
Applicability
NITRATES DIRECTIVE 91/676/EEC concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources.
To reduce and prevent water pollution from nitrates.
If the risk assessment identifies any surface water and ground water regulated under this Directive (e.g. identified as vulnerable zone to nitrates) and that would potentially be exposed by the reuse of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation (e.g. via run-off or infiltration, respectively).
DRINKING WATER DIRECTIVE 2020/2184 on the quality of water intended for human consumption.
To meet the requirements for protected areas for water intended for human consumption, namely protected areas for drinking water production (DWPAs).
If the risk assessment identifies surface water and groundwater that are classified as DWPAs and that would potentially be exposed by the use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation (e. g.
via run-off or infiltration, respectively).
WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy.
To meet the environmental objectives on surface water and groundwater and the environmental quality standards for pollutants of national concern (river basin specific pollutants) for surface water
If the risk assessment identifies potential risks to surface water and groundwater (e.g. via run-off or infiltration, respectively) for which a chemical status was identified (Good surface water chemical status and Good groundwater chemical status).
GROUNDWATER DIRECTIVE 2006/118/EC on the protection of groundwater against pollution and deterioration
To prevent groundwater pollution.
If the risk assessment identifies groundwater resources regulated under this Directive that would potentially be exposed by the use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
ISO 20426:2018.
Guidelines for health risk assessment and management for non-potable water reuse.
ISO 16075-1, 2020.
Guidelines for treated wastewater use for irrigation projects.
Part 1: the basis of a reuse project for irrigation.
WHO, 2006.
WHO guidelines on the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater – Vol II: Wastewater in agriculture.
WHO, 2016.
Sanitation safety planning: manual for safe use and disposal of wastewater, greywater and excreta.
NRMMC–EPHC–AHMC, 2006.
Australian guidelines for water recycling: managing health and environmental risks (phase 1).
National Water Quality Management Strategy.