hllj/quesmed huggingface dataset:
A 24-year-old male presents to A+E after a paracetamol overdose. He reports a history of unstable relationships, and often alternates between isolating partners to believing 'they are the best thing to have ever happened to him'. He finds he can have difficulty controlling anger and acts impulsively.

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Options:
explanation: Individuals with histrionic personality disorder often engage in attention-seeking behaviour, and can be flirtatious. The individual in this question is described as having a low self-esteem and unstable moods which fits in better with a diagnosis of emotionally unstable personality disorder. It is not common for these individuals to display self-harm or suicidal behaviours.
name: Histrionic personality disorder
label: e
answer: no
explanation: Generalised anxiety disorder would not normally present in this manner. It can cause symptoms such as feeling restless or worried a lot of the time, having trouble concentrating or physical symptoms like palpations and shortness of breath.
name: Generalised Anxiety disorder
label: b
answer: no
explanation: Individuals with schizoid personality disorder would present with a lack of interest in social relationships. They often have limited emotional expression, and can present as cold or detached from people. Unlike the individual in the question, they often have very few relationships and do not typically display heightened emotions.
name: Schizoid personality disorder
label: c
answer: no
explanation: This is the most likely diagnosis in this patient. Although this condition is more common in women, it should not be ignored in the male population. Individuals often have unstable moods and difficulty in relationships.
name: Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD)
label: a
answer: yes
explanation: This often presents as intense fears of abandonment, excess reliance on caregivers and low self-esteem. They would find it difficult to make decisions or complete tasks without caregiver support.
name: Dependant personality disorder
label: d
answer: no

Correct answer: a
A 30-year-old female with known bipolar disorder has started shouting at staff in the emergency department. The police believe she is a risk to herself and others and wish to place her under a section of the mental health act.

Which of the following sections of the mental health act can be used by the police for this purpose?

Options:
explanation: A Section 5(2) is used by doctors to detain a person for up to 72 hours.  However, this patient is in a public place (A+E), and therefore require a Section 136 by the police to be detained.
name: Section 5(2)
label: c
answer: no
explanation: This section can be used by police to enter private premises and remove a person to a place of safety. This can last up to 24 hours. Because this patient is in A+E, the police can use a section 136 to detain this patient.
name: Section 135
label: e
answer: no
explanation: A section 5(4) can be used by nurses and means they can detain an individual for six hours if they believe this individual is suffering from a mental disorder. However, this patient is in a public place (A+E), and therefore require a Section 136 by the police to be detained.
name: Section 5(4)
label: b
answer: no
explanation: This patient is in the emergency department which is classed as a public place, and therefore require a section 136 instead of a Section 5(3).
name: Section 5(3)
label: d
answer: no
explanation: A section 136 can be used by police to bring someone in from a public place if the police believe they are mentally unwell. This section can last up to 24hours, after which they should have a mental health act assessment. Because this patient is in A+E, this counts as a public place.
name: Section 136
label: a
answer: yes

Correct answer: a