hiteshjr24/gemini_test huggingface dataset:
Statement: Power lines cause cancer. I met a little boy with cancer who lived just 20 miles from a power line who looked into my eyes and said, in his weak voice, “Please do whatever you can so that other kids won’t have to go through what I am going through.” I urge you to vote for this bill to tear down all power lines and replace them with monkeys on treadmills.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: A persuasive technique meant to influence a person’s emotions.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: A commercial featuring starving children in Africa asking for donations to help provide food and clean water to those in need.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: This technique using vague positive words that actually hold little meaning.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: That lady had a rough day today. She woke up late, she was not able to eat breakfast, she missed the train and was late for work. My heart aches for this poor lady.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: A dog would be a great addition to our family. Think about how wonderful it would be to come home to a happy, excited, loving dog?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Hundreds of thousands of animals are being tortured and killed every year, and for what? So that we can modernize our beauty products and overstock our grocery stores?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "There I was in the midst of thousands, and yet a perfect stranger; without home and without friends, in the midst of thousands of my own brethren—children of a common Father, and yet I dared not to unfold to any one of them my sad condition." Check each literary term found in this quote:
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: , tax relief instead of tax cut, or death tax instead of estate tax)
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burned our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: When an advertiser tries to make a connection with the audience emotionally through sappy stories, music, sad puppies, etc...
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "Beware of appeals made only to your feelings and not to your logic."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Luke didn't want to eat his sheep's brains with chopped liver and brussel sprouts, but his father told him to think about the poor, starving children in a third world country who weren't fortunate enough to have any food at all.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: company's slogan "Expect More. Pay Less."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: There must be objective rights and wrongs in the universe.  If not, how can you possibly say that torturing babies for fun could ever be right?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: By rejecting God, you are rejecting goodness, kindness, and love itself.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: The Bible is filled with stories of God's magic.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I don’t see what’s wrong with engaging the services of a professional escort.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You have to give me a passing grade. I spent 150 hours on that project and missed every party this quarter.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Luke didn't want to eat his vegetables, but his father told him to think about the poor, starving children in a third world country who don't have anything to eat.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: We shouldn’t put her in jail even if she stole billions of pesos. She is already too old to be locked up.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "I should receive an 'A' in this class. I had a tough week!" Hadi begged
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "If we don't adopt that puppy today, they might put him down. Do you want to be responsible for that?" Exclaimed Yasir.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Sarah wakes up one morning to find that she has just slept through her anatomy test. She emails her teacher and asks if she can make up the test. Sarah states that she deserves to take it over because she didn't sleep well because her boyfriend just broke up with her, her dog is sick and she stained her favorite dress. What fallacy is this?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: “I really deserve an “A” on this paper, professor. Not only did I study during my grandmother’s funeral, but I also passed up the heart transplant surgery, even though that was the first matching donor in 3 years.”
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: We should give the other applicant the job because he has a poor family and he needs to provide for them. It looks like he suffers a lot!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you write to Mrs. Roth and tell her: "Mrs Roth, I know I haven't done any of the assignments, but I need a C anyway because I'm asking nicely and I'm good person, and I'm going to get in trouble if you don't."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I support this candidate for class president, because he has recently been diagnosed with the cancer
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: It occurs when someone makes an appeal to emotion of pity instead of addressing the argument.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You don’t have to do this. My grandmother is in the hospital. I need my salary to support her medication. She’s dying.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Just give me a chance to prove it to you. I can’t live this life if you will leave me. My world will stop to turn around. I will not be able to eat nor drink.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Won't you give the abandoned puppy a home?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "Sir, please let me take the exam. I was late because I need to cook our breakfast and wash the dishes."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "Every 0.008 seconds in the United States, a teen accidentally shatters his/her phone screen. You can help put an end to these devastating tragedies: donate now to my Kickstarter fund, the new Bubble-wrap Phone Case X."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "I know I made a bad decision, but look at how hard I tried." This helps manipulators to avoid taking responsibility for their actions.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "You cannot detain me. I am still grieving my cat's death."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You really should support Senator Jones and his campaign to strengthen national defense. If you do not, he will lose control of the Armed Forces Committee and likely resign from politics.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You've got to donate to the hockey team. They are helping build schools in Uganda. Imagine all of those poor and hungry kids there.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: a lifelong Republican who was against Obamacare until it saved his life.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I should receive an 'A' in this class. After all, if I don't get an 'A' I won't get the fellowship that I want.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I really deserve an “A” on this paper, professor.  Not only did I study during my grandmother’s funeral, but I also passed up the heart transplant surgery, even though that was the first matching donor in 3 years.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Ginger: Your dog just ran into our house and ransacked our kitchen! Mary: He would never do that, look at how adorable he is with those puppy eyes!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Children should not go trick or treating, as there always exists the possibility that someone could poison the treats.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If we don’t teach teens to work harder, the human race is doomed.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you love your family, you'll buy this new stealth security system.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Sometimes kids ride skateboards and fall off, breaking their arms or legs. Clearly, riding a skateboard is extremely dangerous. Don’t you think skateboards should be banned?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Medical expenses for the elderly continue to rise. If you don't buy long-term health insurance now, you probably won't be able to qualify once you're older. Sure, the insurance policy is a little expensive, but it's worth spending the money today so you don't go bankrupt in the future, becoming a burden to your family.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: A mother tells her children not to leave the yard because there might be wild animals in the woods.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Preys on people’s emotions and sensitivities, can turn into a slippery slope
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "If you don't turn in your homework, you will be getting a call home.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you elect him, the Dow Jones will tumble and you will lose all of your money!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Look Tom, you could go to the police with your information about our questionable accounting practices here at Bentron. But remember, you have a family to feed. Besides you know how rumors of this kind of disloyalty can spread through the industry. You'll ever work as an accountant in this town again.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: My family is this school's biggest donor so, you better think about that bad grade you gave me on my test.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "Politician X is going to strip away your right to free speech!"
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you don't start recycling now, our entire planet will be destroyed in ten years.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you don't believe in God, you'll go to hell!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I ask all employees to vote for my chosen candidate in the upcoming elections. If the other candidate wins, he will raise taxes and many of you will lose your jobs.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Senator Jones supports a strong national defense. If you do vote for him, our country will be invaded, and it will start World War III.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Explaining that trusting the other politician will cause everyone to lose their homes and jobs
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you don't buy the warranty for your chromebook, you could find yourself without one for the rest of the schoolyear and having to pay thousands of dollars in expensive repairs
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If you don't buy the black pencils, you will get made fun of. You will not be chosen for group projects.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If we don’t bail out the big automakers, the US economy will collapse.  Therefore, we need to bail out the automakers.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Timmy: Mom, what if I don’t believe in God? Mom: Then you burn in Hell forever.  Why do you ask? Timmy: No reason.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: It takes faith to believe in God just like it takes faith to believe in the Easter Bunny -- but at least the Easter Bunny is based on a creature that actually exists!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Evolution is the idea that humans come from pond scum.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I am going into surgery tomorrow so please pray for me.  If enough people pray for me, God will protect me from harm and see to it that I have a successful surgery and speedy recovery.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If everyone lived his or her life exactly like Jesus lived his life, the world would be a beautiful place!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: MARVIN STONE: You suggest that we scrap the SALT II treaty already negotiated, and intensify the build-up of American power to induce the Soviets to sign a new treaty - one more favorable to us. President Carter, on the other hand, says he will again try to convince a reluctant Congress to ratify the present treaty on the grounds it's the best we can hope to get. Now, both of you cannot be right. Will you tell us why you think you are? RONALD REAGAN: Yes. I think I'm right because I believe that we must have a consistent foreign policy, a strong America, and a strong economy. And then, as we build up our national security, to restore our margin of safety, we at the same time try to restrain the Soviet build-up, which has been going forward at a rapid pace, and for quite some time. October 28, 1980 Cleveland, Ohio What logical fallacy did Reagan’s response illustrate the use of?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You should choose to work more overtime at the same rate of pay. After all, you wouldn’t want to lose your job, would you?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: “All those opposed to my arguments for the opening of a new department, signify by saying, ‘I quit.’"
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: The Department of Transportation needs to reconsider the speed limit proposals on interstate highways for the simple reason that if they do not, their departmental budget for the Department of Transportation will be cut by 25%.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "I'd like to punch him in the face." - Donald Trump (Feb. 2016, at a campaign rally, remarks directed at a protester who was being escorted out of the rally.)
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Speaker 1: I'll never talk. Speaker 2: We have ways of making you talk.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: In the race for mayor, Lara says a vote for her opponent will lead to you losing your job.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: "Don't make me angry; you won't like me when I'm angry."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Our gang will beat up anyone who doesn’t vote our way
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Melvin: Boss, why do I have to work weekends when nobody else in the company does? Boss: Am I sensing insubordination?  I can find another employee very quickly, thanks to Craigslist, you know.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Jordan: Dad, why do I have to spend my summer at Jesus camp? Dad: Because if you don’t, you will spend your entire summer in your room with nothing but your Bible!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Aren't you tired of the political divisiveness in this country? Republicans know what they are talking about when it comes to immigration. Don't you agree?
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Jon: Why should I bother exercising while my spouse is on vacation stuffing her face with food.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If there is objective morality, then good moral behavior will be rewarded after death.  I want to be rewarded; therefore, morality must be objective.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If there is no objective morality, then all the bad people will not be punished for their bad behavior after death.  I don’t like that; therefore, morality must be objective.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: If there is no freewill, then we are not ultimately in control of our actions. If this is true, our entire system of justice would be seriously flawed. This would be very bad; therefore, freewill must exist.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Evolution cannot be true. If it were true, we’d all be smelly apes.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I believe that when we die, we will spend eternity reading books and learning more about writing composition. I am so comforted by this belief!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Jeannette has an upcoming exam in anatomy and physiology. It will cover the four chapters read and discussed over the last month. Jeannette hasn’t studied. Though there are well over 200 terms she will be expected to remember, Jeannette knows that her memory is great. She will remember the terms just from having heard them mentioned in class. After all, because of her excellent memory, she got through high school without studying. Despite her faith in her memory, her lack of studying results in an F on the exam.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I know in my heart of hearts that our home team will win the World Series.
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: I believe that when we die, we are all given new, young, perfect bodies, and we spend eternity with those whom we love. I can’t imagine the point of life if it all just ends when we die!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Maria has been working at her current job for more than 30 years at the same wage. She desperately wants a raise so she approaches her boss to ask for one. She says, "You are one of the kindest people I know. You are smart and good-looking and I really love your shoes."
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: You should certainly be the one who washes the dishes -- you are just so good at it!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: Salesguy: You should definitely buy this car.  You look so good in it -- you look at least ten years younger behind that wheel.Tamera: I’ll take it!
Fallacy: appeal to emotion
Statement: We either ban hairspray or the world will end.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You need to go to the party with me, otherwise you’ll just be bored at home.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "To get better schools, we have to raise taxes. If we don't, we can't have better schools."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: The museum's new gemstones and precious minerals exhibit needs more security guards. If you don't agree, then you must be planning to steal a piece of the exhibit
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you decide that you can afford this stereo, or decide not to have music for a while
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Too much candy can cause cavities. You should avoid eating any candy unless you want cavities.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you can save your money to buy a new car for yourself, or you can just take an Uber around for the rest of your life.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you text your friend or you don't have any fun at all.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "The only solutions I can see to climate change is either mass extinction of humans, or passing this green bill."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you love bacon, or you're wrong.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If you drive without car insurance, then you’re an accident waiting to happen. Stay protected with Auto Union insurance.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Student: You didn't teach us this; we never learned this. Teacher: So, you're either lazy or unwilling to learn is that right?
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If you don't say the Pledge of Allegiance, you must be a traitor.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: I'm raising funds to help cure XYZ disease. If you don't donate, then you're part of the problem.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Subscribe to our streaming services, or get stuck with cable!
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Sukaina to her mom: Either you buy me this new book, or you decide that reading is not important at all.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "Either you pass this test, or you fail it." Laughed Sr Malak
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You can buy the new Sensitivity perfume, or you can smell bad all day.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We either have to cut taxes or leave a huge debt for our children.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We cannot support immigrants because we have too many homeless and poor Americans.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Vote for me or live through four more years of higher taxes.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You can look cool in our clothes, or you can look like a loser.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either we go to war, or we appear weak
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you love me, or you hate me.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: The school is in bad shape. Either we tear it down and put up a new building, or we continue to risk students’ safety. Obviously, we shouldn’t risk anyone’s safety, so we must tear the building down.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If it wasn't a missile, a bomb, or mechanical failure, then all that's left is a meteorite.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “I didn’t see you at the charity fundraiser today. I guess you are not a good person after all.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either we ban teenagers from possessing cell phones or we continue to let thousands of young students fail their classes.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Force people to choose between two extreme choices intentionally ignoring the whole spectrum of other possibilities.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: America:  love it or leave it. Either you’re for us or against us.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Dad, either you let me go to the party or you're a bad dad.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You are either a leader or a follower.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Cassie has no school spirit—she never comes to any of our football games. guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If Mom didn't turn off the air conditioner, then clearly she must be too hot.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: All of my friends are coming to my birthday party. If Micah doesn't, she might as well tell me that she doesn't like me.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “Either you love me, or you hate me.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "Either you recycle or you don't care about human life."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If you don’t say the Pledge of Allegiance, then you must be a traitor.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We should ban all hairspray or the world will end!
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: ”You can start a family early, or build financial stability for a better family life in the future.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “Eat great food at our restaurant, or eat sad, boring meals at home.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Politician: We have to decide if we are going to support school choice or if we are going to support failing schools. Those are the only two options.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: I thought you cared about other people, but I didn't see you at the fundraiser for the Children's Hospital ...
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "If you never gave money to charity, then you must be a greedy millionaire." What is this?
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "Either you are for us, or you're against us!"
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Look, the only way to improve social programs is to raise taxes. You have to either raise taxes, or accept that the poor and needy are going to suffer.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: When someone says, "Either schools need to fully open immediately and no students should wear masks or all teachers are Communists!"
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You're with us or you're against us.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: I thought you were a good person, but you were not at church today.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either go to the party or spend the night in your room crying.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Purchase our product or no one is going to think you’re attractive.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You've got to teach the boys logic! If you don't teach them logic, they won't learn how to think, and they'll become hobos and die in prison! Don't you care about your sons? (Mother to Father)
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: When a statement falsely claims or assumes an "either / or" situation, when in fact there is at least one additional logically valid option, it is called...
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Vote for Smith or live through four more years of higher taxes.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You either are for us or you are all against
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We can either stop using cars or destroy the earth.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: The academic decathlon, Mr. Iglesias? That's a rich kid thing.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You can be a good politician and play dirty or you can drop out.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either the city should provide recycling bins or throw out the Recycling Act
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either we re-elect Mayor Ruiz, or we watch our city fall to pieces
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Growing up, many children are told to eat their dinner or else they would never grow big and tall.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Dana is trying to raise money for her university's library. In her address to the board of trustees, she says, "We must raise tuition to cover the cost of new books. Otherwise the library will be forced to close."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You can go to bed in 5 minutes or you can go to bed in ten minutes. What's your choice?
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We can either agree with Barbara's plan or just let the project fail. There is no other option.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: The speaker insinuates that there are only two options despite this not being true.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “If you really loved me, you would buy me everything I ever wanted!”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: There are two kinds of people in this world: those who like penguins, and those who are terrible monsters.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either you eat this meatloaf or you eat nothing.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You either support Hillary Clinton for President or you don't believe in women's rights
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “Live with me or live on the streets”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "Jollibee or McDonalds for lunch?"
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: I called my friend and he didn't answer. He wasn't home or he was dead.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We can have Sally as our soldier or we can have Brittany be the queen of the kingdom.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Person 1: You’re either for the war or against the troops. Person 2: Actually, I do not want our troops sent into a dangerous war.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Unless you can close your eyes to abuse, write a check to save this puppy.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: "If you do not submit your requirements today, you should drop your classes with Sir Lean."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Reduce complicated issues to only two possible courses of action.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: You can either start using plastic straws or continue killing ocean life with plastic pollution.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: It is either you are for the US war on terror or against it.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: The music industry must either raise album prices or reduce pay for technicians and producers.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If we are too scared to open the economy completely, then we'll have to keep it closed forever.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either support gun confiscation or have the government provide everyone with his own private nuclear warhead, you decide which one.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “You could either pursue your dream job or stay where you are and be miserable for the rest of your life.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: I'm raising money to help cure XYZ disease. If you do not donate, you are part of the problem.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “Do you want to live in a world where you can get breakfast from McDonald’s all day, or would you rather live in a dictatorship?”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Judge Danforth in the play, 'The Crucible,' offers Proctor two choice: you are either with this court or against it.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either we have the full football season or we scrap it altogether and have zero football
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Look, you are going to have to make up your mind. Either, you decide that you can afford this stereo, or your decide that you are going to have to go without music for a while.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: This tactic plays upon a viewer's lack of knowledge by forcing the idea that the situation is static. Unless the audience is well-informed and aware of this deception, they may think that they have only two choices.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: We as the Board can either choose to approve this initial public offering or we can suffer slow annihilation at the hands of our competitors.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “Are you going to do well in school, or are you going to succeed as a cadet?”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: “We can give cadets awards for doing well, or we can have a disciplined squadron. We can’t do both.”
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Hillary Clinton wants to take your guns away, and she wants to abolish the Second Amendment.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If you don't pay taxes, you don't deserve the right to vote.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Whilst rallying support for his plan to fundamentally undermine citizens' rights, the Supreme Leader told the people they were either on his side, or they were on the side of the enemy.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: These test results are clearly wrong, and it must be either because the client was malingering or because I bungled the test administration. Taking another look at the test manual, I see now that I bungled the test administration. Therefore the client was not malingering.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Either we accept the findings of this study demonstrating that this new intervention is the best to be used for this disorder, or we must no longer call ourselves scientists, psychologists, or reasonable people.
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If you can't prove that Ken had an affair with the nanny, then he's been faithful to his wife.	
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: Senator Jill: "We'll have to cut education funding this year." Senator Bill: "Why?" Senator Jill: "Well, either we cut the social programs or we live with a huge deficit and we can't live with the deficit."
Fallacy: false dilemma
Statement: If I tell my teacher I have done my homework, but I have only done part of it, I am using
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: The writer or speaker intentionally misleads the audience by using a word with a double or ambiguous meaning.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: “I don’t understand why you’re saying I broke a promise. I said I’d never speak again to my ex-girlfriend. And I didn’t. I just sent her a quick text.”
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: "Of course I can read Spanish! Look, I just finished this book by Jorge Luis Borges!" "You lie! Borges isn't Spanish. He's from Argentina."
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: The officer told me to freeze but it was too hot out to be freezing, so I was justified in running away.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Sugar is an essential component of the body...a key material in all sorts of metabolic processes,' neglecting the fact that it is glucose (blood sugar) not ordinary table sugar (sucrose) that is the vital nourishment.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: "I see nobody on the road," said Alice. "I only wish I had such eyes," the king remarked..."To be able to see Nobody! And at that distance, too! Why it's as much as I can do to see real people, by this light."
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: All stars are exploding balls of gas. Miley Cyrus is a star. Therefore, Miley Cyrus is an exploding ball of gas
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: The police said they suspect several people of setting the fire. Therefore, I can't be under suspicion because I was alone all night.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: only man is rational. no women is man. Therefore, no women is rational
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Whatever happens by chance should be punished, because whatever happens by chance is a departure from law and all departures from law should be punished.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: The nuthatch was discovered by Tilly Turnow in the woods, while hopping from branch to branch of an elm tree, singing happily.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Wife: “I see Mr. Smith is cooking out on his new barbecue grill.” Husband: “So his wife finally got fed up with his unfaithfulness!”
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: When the judge asked the defendant why he hadn't paid his parking fines, he said that he shouldn't have to pay them because the sign said 'Fine for parking here' and so he naturally presumed that it would be fine to park there.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: It is said that we have a good understanding of our universe.  Therefore, we know exactly how it began and exactly when.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: All living beings come from other living beings.  Therefore, the first forms of life must have come from a living being.  That living being is God.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Bernice: Do you support Black Lives Matter? Mildred: Of course, I do! Bernice: Then you should support me looting that store. Mildred: Wait... what?
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: I want to have myself a merry little Christmas, but I refuse to do as the song suggests and make the yuletide gay.  I don't think sexual preference should have anything to do with enjoying the holiday.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: The priest told me I should have faith. I have faith that my son will do well in school this year. Therefore, the priest should be happy with me.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Science shows us that improved quality of life comes through research and invention.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Historians agree that studying the past is the best way to avoid repeating mistakes.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Dr. Simmons: I am working on a way to lengthen the human lifespan to about 200 years. Misty: You are declaring war on Mother Nature, and Mother Nature always wins!
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: If you are open to it, love will find you.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: In many cases you can't really tell whether patients are improving because of what the therapist is doing or because of the placebo effect—there's a fuzzy line separating the two--so we must conclude that they are actually the same mechanism of improvement.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Why does the law state that you have to be 21 years old to drink?  Does it really make any difference if you are 20 years and 364 days old?  That is absurd.  Therefore, if a single day makes no difference, then a collection of 1095 single days won’t make any difference. Therefore, changing the drinking age to 18 will not make any difference.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Willard: I just realized that I will probably never go bald! Fanny: Why is that? Willard:  Well, if I lose just one hair, I will not be bald, correct? Fanny: Of course. Willard: If I lose two hairs? Fanny: No. Willard: Every time I lose a hair, the loss of that one hair will not make me bald; therefore, I will never go bald. Fanny: Congratulations, you found the cure to baldness -- stupidity!
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: But professor, I got all these facts from a program I saw on TV once... I don’t remember the name of it though.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: I had this book that proved that leprechauns are real and have been empirically verified by scientists, but I lost it.  I forgot the name of it as well -- and who the author was.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Elba: I can’t believe the art critic said my artwork is awful! Rowena: He must have meant it in the old sense of the word -- that your artwork inspired awe! Elba: Yes!  That makes sense now!
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: Steve: I think it is fantastic that you and Sylvia are getting married! Chuck: I cannot believe you think my getting married only exists in my imagination!  That is what fantastic means, after all.
Fallacy: equivocation
Statement: "Senator Jones says that we should not fund the attack submarine program. I disagree entirely. I can't understand why he wants to leave us defenseless like that."
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Al Gore feels that all companies are irresponsible and should be punished for allowing emissions which causes global warming.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: A misrepresentation of an opponent’s position that makes it easier to argue against
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Mayor Blake wants to create more bicycle lanes in Lowell. Why is he forcing us to give up our cars and bike everywhere?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Person 1: Bicycle infrastructure should be expanded because cycling is a sustainable mode of transportation. Person 2: We should not build bike lanes because cyclists run red lights and endanger pedestrians.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Misrepresents the context from which a quotation is taken; putting words or ideas in people’s mouth/head; creating a “dummy” or fake or falsified argument or situation so you can attack it.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: You support capital punishment just because you want an “eye for an eye,” but I have several good reasons to believe that capital punishment is fundamentally wrong…
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Why are you criticizing the Anti-Terror Law? Are you a terrorist?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: If you told a person, "I think we should all stay inside to bend the curve of COVID-19" and they replied, "so I guess you want people to lose their jobs then,"
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Student: You didn't teach us this; we never learned this. Teacher: So, what you're saying is that you just didn't study it after we went over it in class right? That you don't want to put in the work?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Wife: I'd rather have a dog than a cat Husband: Why do you hate cats?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Parent: You need to clean out your backpack. Child: You know I have ADD! Why can’t you just accept me as I am?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: My opponent in the election keeps claiming that he wants to give tax credits to poor people. That means that he wants to raise taxes for the middle class.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Senator: I will vote to increase the defense budget. Public: Why don't you care about education?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: The Senator thinks we can solve all our ecological problems by driving a Prius. Quite the contrary, the Senator thinks the environment is such a wreck that no one’s car choice or driving habits would make the slightest difference
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Pamela is the class secretary. She says that she thinks that the class should do more service projects. Mark says he can't believe that Pamela doesn't support the annual school dance.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Students only want cell phones so they can text their friends in class; it's about time students focused more on their studies and less on their social lives.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: The speaker/author chooses a deliberately (on purpose) bad or oversimplified example in order to ridicule (make fun of) or refute (prove wrong) an idea
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: “The Senator thinks we can solve all our ecological problems by driving a Prius.”
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Mayor Kerr wants to create more bicycle lanes in Greenpoint. Why is he forcing us to give up our cars and bike everywhere?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Senator Li announced today that she plans to cut funding to early childhood education programs. The last thing we need is a government official who hates children!
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: “My boss isn’t willing to increase the number of vacation days we get each year. That means she doesn’t care about our health. It’s wrong not to care about employees’ health. She should be replaced with someone who cares about the employees.”
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: My opponent argues that we should abolish the soda tax. It's a shame that he wants to encourage people to eat and drink unhealthily. I say we keep it.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Scientist: Evolution explains how animals developed, adapted and diversified over millions of years. Opponent: If we evolved from monkeys, why are there still monkeys? And why don't we have three arms? Wouldn't that give me a competitive advantage?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: The mayor argued that we need to reduce funding for the animal shelter in order to balance the budget. Don't vote for someone who doesn't think the government should care about animals.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Ms. Long has suggested that our schools let students take statistics instead of algebra to graduate. Frankly, it is puzzling to me that she thinks algebra is a useless subject.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Caroline says that she thinks her friends should not be so rude to the new girl. Jenna says that she cannot believe that Caroline is choosing to be better friends with the new girl than the girls who have always known her.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Person 1: I think pollution is the cause of climate change. Person 2: So you think humans cause hurricanes and tornadoes and tsunamis?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Teacher: You are receiving a zero because you didn't do your homework. Students: Are you serious? You gave me a zero because you hate me????
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Charlie: I think we should put more money into schools. Quality public education is so important. Bob: So you’re saying we should cut military spending and spend it instead on more spiral notebooks and crayons? I guess you want our country to be a weak, defenseless target for terrorists.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Charlie: Illegal posting and sharing of songs online is crippling the music industry. Bob: You couldn't be more wrong; the music industry is doing just find. I can't believe you think the government should be allowed to regulate what I share with my "friends." No one wants a world where I can't loan a book to my girlfriend, let my roommate borrow my iPod, or share a funny meme with my blog followers.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: A: “Many stores are telling their employees to say Happy Holidays instead of Merry Christmas.” B: “This is crazy! Why are they trying to get rid of Christmas?!”
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: A: “We need to move towards self-driving cars as the next step in greater road safety.” B: “But what about the self-driving Uber that didn’t stop and killed a pedestrian in Arizona?”
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: "I want my daughter to go to a state university so she can avoid too much debt." "Why do you think state schools are better than private schools? Harvard and Princeton are private." What is this?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Senator Lewis says we should not fund the missile attack program. I disagree. I don't know why she wants to leave us defenseless like that.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Caroline says that she is going to have lunch with the new girl. Jenna says that she can't believe that Caroline is ditching her old friends for the new girl.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: How do you expect me to support a school voucher program? Soon, all of our inner-city schools will have no money left, our children will give up hope, and the entire education system will collapse. No, there's no way I could support a program that will do all that.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: If we take away farmers' ability to grow genetically engineered crops, if we eliminate that option, people will go hungry, in fact, people will starve. Unlike my opponent, I choose to use the technology available to us and save lives.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: First senator: The nation is in debt and we should not add to the defense budget. Second senator: I cannot believe you want to leave the nation defenseless!
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Teaching assistant: the homework assignment was much harder than we thought, so I think we should give a few extra points to students who completed it. Professor: that’s a terrible idea. If we give everyone a perfect score for no reason, students won’t bother working hard in the future.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: If the argument is supposed to be about whether or not we, as the American public should wear masks, and you argue: "Asking an infant to wear a mask is ridiculous!"
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Senator A: "We should spend less on our military budget and spend more on health and education." Senator B: "So you want to leave the country defenseless?"
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Person #1: We need to start high school later in the morning. Person #2: Oh, so you think we should all just sleep in until noon and have school until it gets dark?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Bill and Jill are arguing about cleaning out their closets:  Jill: "We should clean out the closets. They are getting a bit messy."  Bill: "Why, we just went through those closets last year. Do we have to clean them out everyday?"  Jill: "I never said anything about cleaning them out every day. You just want too keep all your junk forever, which is just ridiculous."
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Bert: I've been learning about the Second World War lately. I found that America provoked Japan into attacking Pearl Harbor. I don't think that was the right thing to do. Jenny: Oh, so you are now taking the side of Axis? Do you think Germany and Japan were right to do what they did?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Interviewer: What do you think should be done about people who swear in public? Man on the Street: I think it should be against the law. Interviewer: Oh, I suppose you're against the right to free speech, then?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Deliberately using a fake issue or argument against someone because it’s easier to prove wrong than the real issue would be
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: we should not build bike lanes because cyclists run red lights
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: "Coronavirus originated in China, therefore all Chinese people are sick."
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: "All students everywhere should use clear backpacks because bad things happen at schools where students don't use clear backpacks."
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: "Florida is the most important state because it has sun and beaches."
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: If you don’t like Lady Gaga, it’s because you hate women.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: People who drive big cars probably hate the environment.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Robot 2 (Blue) has been refuting all of Robot 1's (Orange) arguments. Robot 1 launches the above counterargument.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Person A: I think pollution from humans contributes to climate change. Person B: So, you think humans are directly responsible for extreme weather, like hurricanes, and have caused the droughts in the southwestern U.S.?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: occurs when your opponent over-simplifies or misrepresents your argument (i.e., setting up a "straw man") to make it easier to attack or refute
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Students tell Ms. Higgins her hair color looks different on her. Ms. Higgins can't believe her students called ugly and horrendous to look at.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: A: I don't want to visit McDonald's today. B: So you're just against good food then?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Like many issues in the world, what seems to be the biggest ISSUE among the Climate Change DEBATE?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Bob Jones is a monster who likes to separate immigrant families in detention centers. How could you vote for someone like that??
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: This is when you characterize someone with one extreme trait in order to more effectively tear them down.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: You see someone walking their dog. The dog goes to the bathroom on a lawn but they don’t pick up after their dog. You ask them to clean up after their dog, but they say, “why do you hate dogs?”
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: Mr. Stark's idea for implementing affirmative action in the university's admission process is complete folly. He say's he wants the student body to represent diversity in the community. But that's ridiculous. I suppose this means we'll have to throw out our academic standards while were at it. After all, if we're going to let students into our prestigious institution just because of their gender or the color of their skin, then what's going to happen to our reputation?
Fallacy: fallacy of extension
Statement: John: I think we should hire someone to redesign our website. Lola: You're saying we should throw our money away on external resources instead of building up our in-house design team? That's going to hurt our company in the long run.
Fallacy: fallacy of extension