Robert Graves

Robert von Ranke Graves (24 tháng 7 năm 1895 – 7 tháng 12 năm 1985) là nhà ngôn ngữ học, nhà văn, nhà thơ Anh, tác giả của 140 đầu sách.
==Tiểu sử==
Robert Graves sinh ở Wimbledon, London trong gia đình một nhà thơ gốc Ireland, mẹ là người gốc Đức. Robert Graves học ở King's College School và Charterhouse School, sau đó học Đại học Oxford. Những năm Thế chiến I ông tình nguyện ra mặt trận. Từ năm 1921 ông thường xuyên sống ở đảo Mallorca. Robert Graves từng là giảng viên của các trường Đại học Cambridge và Đại học Oxford. Số lượng tác phẩm của Robert Graves rất đồ sộ, gồm văn xuôi, thơ, phê bình, các tập sách chuyên khảo… Ông là một nhà thơ viết nhiều thơ tình và thành công trong thể loại này. Riêng thơ đã có tới hơn 30 tập.

Ngoài sáng tác, ông còn dịch nhiều nhà thơ Hy Lạp cổ ra tiếng Anh. Robert Graves được tặng rất nhiều giải thưởng, đáng kể nhất là Huy chương vàng Hoàng gia năm 1968. Ông mất năm 1985.

==Tác phẩm==
Thơ:
- Over the Brazier. London: The Poetry Bookshop, 1916; *Goliath and David. London: Chiswick Press, 1917.
- Fairies and Fusiliers. London: William Heinemann,1917;
- Treasure Box. London: Chiswick Press, 1920.
- Country Sentiment. London: Martin Secker, 1920;
- The Pier-Glass. London: Martin Secker, 1921;
- Whipperginny. London: William Heinemann, 1923;
- The Feather Bed. Richmond, Surrey: Hogarth Press, 1923.
- Mock Beggar Hall. London: Hogarth Press, 1924.
- Welchmans Hose. London: The Fleuron, 1925.
- Poems. London: Ernest Benn, 1925.
- The Marmosites Miscellany (as John Doyle). London: Hogarth Press, 1925.
- Poems (1914-1926). London: William Heinemann, 1927;
- Poems (1914-1927). London: William Heinemann, 1927
- Poems 1929. London: Seizin Press, 1929.
- Ten Poems More. Paris: Hours Press, 1930.
- Poems 1926-1930. London: William Heinemann, 1931.
- To Whom Else? Deyá, Mallorca: Seizin Press, 1931.
- Poems 1930-1933. London: Arthur Barker, 1933.
- Collected Poems. London: Cassell, 1938;
- No More Ghosts: Selected Poems. London: Faber & Faber, 1940.
- Work in Hand, with Norman Cameron and Alan Hodge. London: Hogarth Press, 1942.
- Poems. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1943.
- Poems 1938-1945. London: Cassell, 1945;
- Collected Poems (1914-1947). London: Cassell, 1948.
- Poems and Satires. London: Cassell, 1951.
- Poems 1953. London: Cassell, 1953.
- Collected Poems 1955. New York: Doubleday, 1955.
- Poems Selected by Himself. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1957;
- The Poems of Robert Graves. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
- Collected Poems 1959. London: Cassell, 1959.
- The Penny Fiddle: Poems for Children. London: Cassell, 1960;
- More Poems 1961. London: Cassell, 1961.
- Collected Poems. New York: Doubleday, 1961.
- New Poems 1962. London: Cassell, 1962; as New Poems.
- The More Deserving Cases: Eighteen Old Poems for Reconsideration. Marlborough:
Văn xuôi:
- My Head! My Head!. London: Sucker, 1925; Alfred. A. Knopf, New York, 1925.
- The Shout. London: Mathews & Marrot, 1929.
- No Decency Left (with Laura Riding) (as Barbara Rich). London: Jonathan Cape, 1932.
- The Real David Copperfield. London: Arthur Barker, 1933;
- Antigua, Penny, Puce. Deyá, Mallorca/London: Seizin Press/Constable, 1936;
- The Story of Marie Powell: Wife to Mr. Milton. London: Cassell, 1943;
- The Golden Fleece. London: Cassell, 1944; as Hercules, My Shipmate, New York: Creative Age Press, 1945.
- The Islands of Unwisdom. New York: Doubleday, 1949; as The Isles of Unwisdom. London: Cassell, 1950.
- Homer's Daughter. London: Cassell, 1955; New York: Doubleday, 1955.
- Catacrok! Mostly Stories, Mostly Funny. London: Cassell, 1956.
- They Hanged My Saintly Billy. London: Cassell, 1957;
- Collected Short Stories. Doubleday: New York, 1964; Cassell, London, 1965.
- An Ancient Castle. London: Peter Owen, 1980.
Các thể loại khác:
- On English Poetry. New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1922; London: Heinemann, 1922.
- The Meaning of Dreams. London: Cecil Palmer, 1924; New York: Greenberg, 1925.
- Poetic Unreason and Other Studies. London: Cecil Palmer, 1925.
- Contemporary Techniques of Poetry: A Political Analogy. London: Hogarth Press, 1925.
- Another Future of Poetry. London: Hogarth Press, 1926.
- Impenetrability or The Proper Habit of English. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
- A Survey of Modernist Poetry (with Laura Riding). London: William Heinemann, 1927;
- Lawrence and the Arabs. London: Jonathan Cape, 1927;
- A Pamphlet Against Anthologies (with Laura Riding). London: Jonathan Cape, 1928; *The Long Weekend (with Alan Hodge). London: Faber & Faber, 1940;
- The Reader Over Your Shoulder (with Alan Hodge). London: Jonathan Cape, 1943;
- Occupation: Writer. New York: Creative Age Press, 1950; London: Cassell, 1951.
- The Nazarene Gospel Restored (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1953;
- Adam's Rib. London: Trianon Press, 1955; New York: Yoseloff, 1958.
- Jesus in Rome (with Joshua Podro). London: Cassell, 1957.
- 5 Pens in Hand. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
- Food for Centaurs. New York: Doubleday, 1960.
- Greek Gods and Heroes. New York: Doubleday, 1960;
- Selected Poetry and Prose (ed. James Reeves). London: Hutchinson, 1961.
- Oxford Addresses on Poetry. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1962.
- The Siege and Fall of Troy. London: Cassell, 1962; New York: Doubleday, 1963.
- The Big Green Book. New York: Crowell Collier, 1962;
- Hebrew Myths. The Book of Genesis (with Raphael Patai).
- Majorca Observed. London: Cassell, 1965; New York: Doubleday, 1965.
- Mammon and the Black Goddess. London: Cassell, 1965
- Two Wise Children. New York: Harlin Quist, 1966; London: Harlin Quist, 1967.
- Poetic Craft and Principle. London: Cassell, 1967.
- The Poor Boy Who Followed His Star. London: Cassell, 1968;
- Greek Myths and Legends. London: Cassell, 1968.
- The Crane Bag. London: Cassell, 1969.
- On Poetry: Collected Talks and Essays. New York: Doubleday, 1969.
- Difficult Questions, Easy Answers. London: Cassell, 1972;

==Liên kết ngoài==
- The Robert Graves Trust
- Pegasos article on Robert Graves
- Website of the film 'Poetic Unreason'
- War Poets Association
- PDF Collection of Robert Graves Poems
- Diary of Robert Graves, 1935-1939
- Robert H. Canary, "Utopian and Fantastic Dualities in Robert Graves's Watch the North Wind Rise"
- [ http://www.mallorcaonline.com/story/gravesu.htm/Robet Graves in Deia, Mallorca]