Title: Defense of United States Infrastructure Act of 2021
Policy area: Science, Technology, Communications

Summary:
Defense of United States Infrastructure Act of 2021
This bill sets out programs and requirements related to critical infrastructure and cybersecurity threats.
The bill establishes a grant program to address cybersecurity risks to critical infrastructure and requires the establishment of cybersecurity-focused critical technology centers.
The bill limits to five years the term of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) director. Additionally, CISA must establish an information-sharing environment that integrates cyber threat information for use by federal programs. CISA must work with the White House Office of the National Cyber Director to allow private-sector participation in the environment. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) must develop guidelines for, and the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board and others must conduct oversight of, the environment.
DHS may designate entities as systemically important critical infrastructure. DHS must develop an appropriate methodology before designating entities.
DHS must create a voluntary program to certify that smartphones and other critical technologies meet security standards. The bill prohibits certain actions (e.g., falsely attesting to certifications) with enforcement through the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
The bill establishes within DHS the Bureau of Cybersecurity Statistics. Entities that provide cybersecurity incident response or insurance must report specified information to the bureau. The FTC must enforce this reporting requirement, and the bill limits the use of reported information in some proceedings.
The bill also (1) requires a strategy to secure a protocol and naming system that facilitate information exchange on the internet, and (2) expands hiring authorities of the Office of the National Cyber Director.

[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2491 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






117th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2491

 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish the National 
Cyber Resilience Assistance Fund, to improve the ability of the Federal 
    Government to assist in enhancing critical infrastructure cyber 
  resilience, to improve security in the national cyber ecosystem, to 
 address Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 27, 2021

   Mr. King (for himself, Mr. Rounds, and Mr. Sasse) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
               Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to establish the National 
Cyber Resilience Assistance Fund, to improve the ability of the Federal 
    Government to assist in enhancing critical infrastructure cyber 
  resilience, to improve security in the national cyber ecosystem, to 
 address Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Defense of United 
States Infrastructure Act of 2021''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
   TITLE I--INVESTING IN CYBER RESILIENCY IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Sec. 101. Establishment of the National Cyber Resilience Assistance 
                            Fund.
TITLE II--IMPROVING THE ABILITY OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO ASSIST IN 
           ENHANCING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE CYBER RESILIENCE

Sec. 201. Institute a 5-year term for the cybersecurity and 
                            infrastructure security director.
Sec. 202. Create a joint collaborative environment.
Sec. 203. Designate three critical technology security centers.
     TITLE III--IMPROVING SECURITY IN THE NATIONAL CYBER ECOSYSTEM

Sec. 301. Establish a National Cybersecurity Certification and Labeling 
                            Authority.
Sec. 302. Establish the Bureau of Cybersecurity Statistics.
Sec. 303. Secure foundational internet protocols.
        TITLE IV--SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Sec. 401. Definitions.
Sec. 402. Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure.
Sec. 403. Plan for enhancement of Systemically Important Critical 
                            Infrastructure methodology and capability.
             TITLE V--ENABLING THE NATIONAL CYBER DIRECTOR

Sec. 501. Establishment of hiring authorities for the Office of the 
                            National Cyber Director.

   TITLE I--INVESTING IN CYBER RESILIENCY IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

SEC. 101. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL CYBER RESILIENCE ASSISTANCE 
              FUND.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States now operates in a cyber landscape 
        that requires a level of data security, resilience, and 
        trustworthiness that neither the United States Government nor 
        the private sector alone is currently equipped to provide;
            (2) the United States must deny benefits to adversaries who 
        have long exploited cyberspace to their advantage, to the 
        disadvantage of the United States, and at little cost to 
        themselves;
            (3) this new approach requires securing critical networks 
        in collaboration with the private sector to promote national 
        resilience and increase the security of the cyber ecosystem;
            (4) reducing the vulnerabilities adversaries can target 
        denies them opportunities to attack the interests of the United 
        States through cyberspace;
            (5) the public and private sectors struggle to coordinate 
        cyber defenses, leaving gaps that decrease national resilience 
        and create systemic risk;
            (6) new technology continues to emerge that further 
        compounds these challenges;
            (7) while the Homeland Security Grant Program and 
        resourcing for national preparedness under the Federal 
        Emergency Management Agency are well-established, the United 
        States Government has no equivalent for cybersecurity 
        preparation or prevention;
            (8) the lack of a consistent, resourced fund for investing 
        in resilience in key areas inhibits the United States 
        Government from conveying its understanding of risk into 
        strategy, planning, and action in furtherance of core 
        objectives for the security and resilience of critical 
        infrastructure;
            (9) Congress has worked diligently to establish the 
        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, creating a 
        new agency that can leverage broad authorities to receive and 
        share information, provide technical assistance to operators, 
        and partner with stakeholders across the executive branch, 
        State and local communities, and the private sector;
            (10) the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency 
        requires strengthening in its mission to ensure the national 
        resilience of critical infrastructure, promote a more secure 
        cyber ecosystem, and serve as the central coordinating element 
        to support and integrate Federal, State, local, and private-
        sector cybersecurity efforts; and
            (11) the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency 
        requires further resource investment and clear authorities to 
        realize its full potential.
    (b) Amendments.--Subtitle A of title XXII of the Homeland Security 
Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 651 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 2202(c) (6 U.S.C. 652(c))--
                    (A) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in the first paragraph designated as paragraph 
                (12), relating to the Cybersecurity State Coordinator--
                            (i) by striking ``section 2215'' and 
                        inserting ``section 2217''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and'' at the end; and
                    (C) by redesignating the second and third 
                paragraphs designated as paragraph (12) as paragraphs 
                (13) and (14), respectively;
            (2) by redesignating section 2217 (6 U.S.C. 665f) as 
        section 2220;
            (3) by redesignating section 2216 (6 U.S.C. 665e) as 
        section 2219;
            (4) by redesignating the fourth section 2215 (relating to 
        Sector Risk Management Agencies) (6 U.S.C. 665d) as section 
        2218;
            (5) by redesignating the third section 2215 (relating to 
        the Cybersecurity State Coordinator) (6 U.S.C. 665c) as section 
        2217;
            (6) by redesignating the second section 2215 (relating to 
        the Joint Cyber Planning Office) (6 U.S.C. 665b) as section 
        2216; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 2220A. NATIONAL CYBER RESILIENCE ASSISTANCE FUND.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Cybersecurity risk.--The term `cybersecurity risk' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2209.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means an 
        entity that meets the guidelines and requirements for eligible 
        entities established by the Secretary under subsection (d)(4).
            ``(3) Fund.--The term `Fund' means the National Cyber 
        Resilience Assistance Fund established under subsection (c).
            ``(4) National critical functions.--The term `national 
        critical functions' means the functions of government and the 
        private sector so vital to the United States that their 
        disruption, corruption, or dysfunction would have a 
        debilitating effect on security, national economic security, 
        national public health or safety, or any combination thereof.
    ``(b) Creation of a Critical Infrastructure Resilience Strategy and 
a National Risk Management Cycle.--
            ``(1) Initial risk identification and assessment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through 
                the Director, shall establish a process by which to 
                identify, assess, and prioritize risks to critical 
                infrastructure, considering both cyber and physical 
                threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences.
                    ``(B) Consultation.--In establishing the process 
                required under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                consult with Sector Risk Management Agencies, critical 
                infrastructure owners and operators, and the National 
                Cyber Director.
                    ``(C) Publication.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary 
                shall publish in the Federal Register procedures for 
                the process established under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the President, the Committee on Homeland 
                Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and 
                the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of 
                Representatives a report on the risks identified by the 
                process established under subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Initial national critical infrastructure resilience 
        strategy.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date on which the Secretary delivers the report 
                required under paragraph (1)(D), the President shall 
                deliver to majority and minority leaders of the Senate, 
                the Speaker and minority leader of the House of 
                Representatives, the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee 
                on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives a 
                national critical infrastructure resilience strategy 
                designed to address the risks identified by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(B) Elements.--In the strategy delivered under 
                subparagraph (A), the President shall--
                            ``(i) identify, assess, and prioritize 
                        areas of risk to critical infrastructure that 
                        would compromise, disrupt, or impede the 
                        ability of the critical infrastructure to 
                        support the national critical functions of 
                        national security, economic security, or public 
                        health and safety;
                            ``(ii) identify and outline current and 
                        proposed national-level actions, programs, and 
                        efforts to be taken to address the risks 
                        identified;
                            ``(iii) identify the Federal departments or 
                        agencies responsible for leading each national-
                        level action, program, or effort and the 
                        relevant critical infrastructure sectors for 
                        each;
                            ``(iv) outline the budget plan required to 
                        provide sufficient resources to successfully 
                        execute the full range of activities proposed 
                        or described by the strategy; and
                            ``(v) request any additional authorities or 
                        resources necessary to successfully execute the 
                        strategy.
                    ``(C) Form.--The strategy delivered under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be unclassified, but may contain 
                a classified annex.
            ``(3) Congressional briefing.--Not later than 1 year after 
        the date on which the President delivers the strategy under 
        subparagraph (A), and every year thereafter, the Secretary, in 
        coordination with Sector Risk Management Agencies, shall brief 
        the appropriate congressional committees on the national risk 
        management cycle activities undertaken pursuant to the 
        strategy.
            ``(4) Five year risk management cycle.--
                    ``(A) Risk identification and assessment.--Under 
                procedures established by the Secretary, the Secretary 
                shall repeat the conducting and reporting of the risk 
                identification and assessment required under paragraph 
                (1), in accordance with the requirements in paragraph 
                (1), every 5 years.
                    ``(B) Strategy.--Under procedures established by 
                the President, the President shall repeat the 
                preparation and delivery of the critical infrastructure 
                resilience strategy required under paragraph (2), in 
                accordance with the requirements in paragraph (2), 
                every 5 years, which shall also include assessing the 
                implementation of the previous national critical 
                infrastructure resilience strategy.
    ``(c) Establishment of the National Cyber Resilience Assistance 
Fund.--There is established in the Treasury of the United States a 
fund, to be known as the `National Cyber Resilience Assistance Fund', 
which shall be available for the cost of risk-based grant programs 
focused on systematically increasing the resilience of public and 
private critical infrastructure against cybersecurity risk, thereby 
increasing the overall resilience of the United States.
    ``(d) Administration of Grants From the National Cyber Resilience 
Assistance Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--In accordance with this section, the 
        Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the Federal 
        Emergency Management Agency and the Director, shall develop and 
        administer processes to--
                    ``(A) establish focused grant programs to address 
                identified areas of cybersecurity risk to, and bolster 
                the resilience of, critical infrastructure;
                    ``(B) accept and evaluate applications for each 
                such grant program;
                    ``(C) award grants under each such grant program; 
                and
                    ``(D) disburse amounts from the Fund.
            ``(2) Establishment of risk-focused grant programs.--
                    ``(A) Establishment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary, acting 
                        through the Director and the Administrator of 
                        the Federal Emergency Management Agency, may 
                        establish not less than 1 grant program focused 
                        on mitigating an identified category of 
                        cybersecurity risk identified under the 
                        national risk management cycle and critical 
                        infrastructure resilience strategy under 
                        subsection (b) in order to bolster the 
                        resilience of critical infrastructure within 
                        the United States.
                            ``(ii) Selection of focus area.--Before 
                        selecting a focus area for a grant program 
                        pursuant to this subparagraph, the Director 
                        shall ensure--
                                    ``(I) there is a clearly defined 
                                cybersecurity risk identified through 
                                the national risk management cycle and 
                                critical infrastructure resilience 
                                strategy under subsection (b) to be 
                                mitigated;
                                    ``(II) market forces do not provide 
                                sufficient private-sector incentives to 
                                mitigate the risk without Government 
                                investment; and
                                    ``(III) there is clear Federal 
                                need, role, and responsibility to 
                                mitigate the risk in order to bolster 
                                the resilience of critical 
                                infrastructure.
                    ``(B) Funding.--
                            ``(i) Recommendation.--Beginning in the 
                        first fiscal year following the establishment 
                        of the Fund and each fiscal year thereafter, 
                        the Director shall--
                                    ``(I) assess the funds available in 
                                the Fund for the fiscal year; and
                                    ``(II) recommend to the Secretary 
                                the total amount to be made available 
                                from the Fund under each grant program 
                                established under this subsection.
                            ``(ii) Allocation.--After considering the 
                        recommendations made by the Director under 
                        clause (i) for a fiscal year, the Director 
                        shall allocate amounts from the Fund to each 
                        active grant program established under this 
                        subsection for the fiscal year.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Amounts in the Fund shall be used to 
        mitigate risks identified through the national risk management 
        cycle and critical infrastructure resilience strategy under 
        subsection (b).
            ``(4) Eligible entities.--
                    ``(A) Guidelines and requirements.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In accordance with 
                        clause (ii), the Secretary shall submit to the 
                        Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                        Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                        the Senate and the Committee on Homeland 
                        Security and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                        the House of Representatives a set of 
                        guidelines and requirements for determining the 
                        entities that are eligible entities.
                            ``(ii) Deadlines.--The Secretary shall 
                        submit the guidelines and requirements under 
                        clause (i)--
                                    ``(I) not later than 180 days after 
                                the date of enactment of this section, 
                                and every 2 years thereafter; and
                                    ``(II) not later than 30 days 
                                before the date on which the Secretary 
                                implements the guidelines and 
                                requirements.
                    ``(B) Considerations.--In developing guidelines and 
                requirements for eligible entities under subparagraph 
                (A), the Secretary shall consider--
                            ``(i) number of employees;
                            ``(ii) annual revenue;
                            ``(iii) existing entity cybersecurity 
                        spending;
                            ``(iv) current cyber risk assessments, 
                        including credible threats, vulnerabilities, 
                        and consequences; and
                            ``(v) entity capacity to invest in 
                        mitigating cybersecurity risk absent assistance 
                        from the Federal Government.
            ``(5) Limitation.--For any fiscal year, an eligible entity 
        may not receive more than 1 grant from each grant program 
        established under this subsection.
            ``(6) Grant processes.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall 
        require the submission of such information as the Secretary 
        determines is necessary to--
                    ``(A) evaluate a grant application against the 
                criteria established under this section;
                    ``(B) disburse grant funds;
                    ``(C) provide oversight of disbursed grant funds; 
                and
                    ``(D) evaluate the effectiveness of the funded 
                project in increasing the overall resilience of the 
                United States with respect to cybersecurity risks.
            ``(7) Grant criteria.--For each grant program established 
        under this subsection, the Director, in coordination with the 
        Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall 
        develop and publish criteria for evaluating applications for 
        funding, which shall include--
                    ``(A) whether the application identifies a clearly 
                defined cybersecurity risk;
                    ``(B) whether the cybersecurity risk identified in 
                the grant application poses a substantial threat to 
                critical infrastructure;
                    ``(C) whether the application identifies a program 
                or project clearly designed to mitigate a cybersecurity 
                risk;
                    ``(D) the potential consequences of leaving the 
                identified cybersecurity risk unmitigated, including 
                the potential impact to the critical functions and 
                overall resilience of the nation; and
                    ``(E) other appropriate factors identified by the 
                Director.
            ``(8) Evaluation of grants applications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Utilizing the criteria 
                established under paragraph (7), the Director, in 
                coordination with the Administrator of the Federal 
                Emergency Management Agency, shall evaluate grant 
                applications made under each grant program established 
                under this subsection.
                    ``(B) Recommendation.--Following the evaluations 
                required under subparagraph (A), the Director shall 
                recommend to the Secretary applications for approval, 
                including the amount of funding recommended for each 
                such approval.
            ``(9) Award of grant funding.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) review the recommendations of the Director 
                prepared pursuant to paragraph (8); and
                    ``(B) provide a final determination of grant awards 
                to the Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
                Management Agency to be disbursed and administered 
                under the process established under paragraph (6).
    ``(e) Evaluation of Grant Programs Utilizing the National Cyber 
Resilience Assistance Fund.--
            ``(1) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall establish a process 
        to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of grants 
        distributed under this section and develop appropriate updates, 
        as needed, to the grant programs.
            ``(2) Annual report.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        conclusion of the first fiscal year in which grants are awarded 
        under this section, and every fiscal year thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security 
        and Governmental Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of 
        the Senate and the Committee on Homeland Security and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a 
        report detailing the grants awarded from the Fund, the status 
        of projects undertaken with the grant funds, any planned 
        changes to the disbursement methodology of the Fund, 
        measurements of success, and total outlays from the Fund.
            ``(3) Grant program review.--
                    ``(A) Annual assessment.--Before the start of the 
                second fiscal year in which grants are awarded under 
                this section, and every fiscal year thereafter, the 
                Director shall assess the grant programs established 
                under this section and determine--
                            ``(i) for the coming fiscal year--
                                    ``(I) whether new grant programs 
                                with additional focus areas should be 
                                created;
                                    ``(II) whether any existing grant 
                                program should be discontinued; and
                                    ``(III) whether the scope of any 
                                existing grant program should be 
                                modified; and
                            ``(ii) the success of the grant programs in 
                        the prior fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Submission to congress.--Not later than 90 
                days before the start of the second fiscal year in 
                which grants are awarded under this section, and every 
                fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to 
                the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate and the Committee on Homeland Security and the 
                Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives the assessment conducted pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) and any planned alterations to the 
                grant program for the coming fiscal year.
    ``(f) Limitation on Use of Grant Funds.--Funds awarded pursuant to 
this section--
            ``(1) shall supplement and not supplant State or local 
        funds or, as applicable, funds supplied by the Bureau of Indian 
        Affairs; and
            ``(2) may not be used--
                    ``(A) to provide any Federal cost-sharing 
                contribution on behalf of a State or local government;
                    ``(B) to pay a ransom;
                    ``(C) by or for a non-United States entity; or
                    ``(D) for any recreational or social purpose.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $75,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.
    ``(h) Transfers Authorized.--During a fiscal year, the Secretary or 
the head of any component of the Department that administers the State 
and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program may transfer not more than 5 
percent of the amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (g) or other 
amounts appropriated to carry out the National Cyber Resilience 
Assistance Fund for that fiscal year to an account of the Department 
for salaries, expenses, and other administrative costs incurred for the 
management, administration, or evaluation of this section.''.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Table of contents.--The table of contents in section 
        1(b) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-296; 
        116 Stat. 2135) is amended by striking the item relating to 
        section 2214 and all that follows through the item relating to 
        section 2217 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 2214. National Asset Database.
``Sec. 2215. Duties and authorities relating to .gov internet domain.
``Sec. 2216. Joint Cyber Planning Office.
``Sec. 2217. Cybersecurity State Coordinator.
``Sec. 2218. Sector Risk Management Agencies.
``Sec. 2219. Cybersecurity Advisory Committee.
``Sec. 2220. Cybersecurity education and training programs.
``Sec. 2220A. National Cyber Resilience Assistance Fund.''.
            (2) Additional technical amendment.--
                    (A) Amendment.--Section 904(b)(1) of the DOTGOV Act 
                of 2020 (title IX of division U of Public Law 116-260) 
                is amended, in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
                by striking ``Homeland Security Act'' and inserting 
                ``Homeland Security Act of 2002''.
                    (B) Effective date.--The amendment made by 
                subparagraph (A) shall take effect as if enacted as 
                part of the DOTGOV Act of 2020 (title IX of division U 
                of Public Law 116-260).

TITLE II--IMPROVING THE ABILITY OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO ASSIST IN 
           ENHANCING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE CYBER RESILIENCE

SEC. 201. INSTITUTE A 5-YEAR TERM FOR THE CYBERSECURITY AND 
              INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY DIRECTOR.

    (a) In General.--Subsection (b)(1) of section 2202 of the Homeland 
Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 652), is amended by inserting ``The 
Director shall be appointed for a term of 5 years.'' after ``who shall 
report to the Secretary.''.
    (b) Transition Rules.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect on the earlier of--
            (1) the first appointment of an individual to the position 
        of Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection 
        Agency of the Department of Homeland Security, by and with the 
        advice and consent of the Senate, that is made on or after the 
        date of enactment of this Act; or
            (2) January 1, 2022.

SEC. 202. CREATE A JOINT COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the Cybersecurity and 
Infrastructure Security Agency shall establish a joint, cloud-based, 
information sharing environment to--
            (1) integrate the Federal Government's unclassified and 
        classified cyber threat information, malware forensics, and 
        data related to cybersecurity risks (as defined in section 2209 
        of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 659)) that is 
        derived from network sensor programs;
            (2) enable cross-correlation of threat data at the speed 
        and scale necessary for rapid detection and identification;
            (3) enable query and analysis by appropriate operators 
        across the Federal Government;
            (4) facilitate a whole-of-Government, comprehensive 
        understanding of the cyber threats to the resilience of the 
        Federal Government and national critical infrastructure 
        networks;
            (5) enable and support the private-public cybersecurity 
        collaboration efforts of the Federal Government, whose 
        successes will be directly dependent on the accuracy, 
        comprehensiveness, and timeliness of threat information 
        collected and held by the Federal Government; and
            (6) enable data curation for artificial intelligence models 
        and provide an environment to enable the Federal Government to 
        curate data and build applications.
    (b) Development.--
            (1) Initial evaluation.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the 
        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, in 
        coordination with the Director shall--
                    (A) identify all Federal sources of classified and 
                unclassified cyber threat information;
                    (B) evaluate all programs, applications, or 
                platforms of the Federal Government that are intended 
                to detect, identify, analyze, or monitor cyber threats 
                against the resiliency of the Federal Government or 
                critical infrastructure; and
                    (C) submit a recommendation to the President 
                identifying Federal programs to be designated and 
                required to participate in the Information Sharing 
                Environment, including--
                            (i) Government network-monitoring and 
                        intrusion detection programs;
                            (ii) cyber threat indicator-sharing 
                        programs and Government-sponsored network 
                        sensors or network-monitoring programs for the 
                        private sector or for State, local, tribal, and 
                        territorial governments;
                            (iii) incident response and cybersecurity 
                        technical assistance programs; and
                            (iv) malware forensics and reverse-
                        engineering programs.
            (2) Designation of participating programs.--Not later than 
        60 days after completion of the evaluation required under 
        paragraph (1), the President shall issue a determination 
        designating the departments, agencies, Federal programs, and 
        corresponding systems and assets that are required to be a part 
        of the Information Sharing Environment.
            (3) Design.--Not later than 1 year after completion of the 
        evaluation required under paragraph (1), the Director of the 
        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, in 
        consultation with the Director, shall design the structure of a 
        common platform for sharing and fusing existing Government 
        information, insights, and data related to cyber threats and 
        threat actors, which, at a minimum, shall--
                    (A) account for appropriate data standards and 
                interoperability requirements;
                    (B) enable integration of existing applications, 
                platforms, data, and information, to include classified 
                information;
                    (C) ensure access by such Federal departments and 
                agencies as the Director of the Cybersecurity and 
                Infrastructure Security Agency determines necessary;
                    (D) account for potential private sector 
                participation and partnerships;
                    (E) enable unclassified data to be integrated with 
                classified data;
                    (F) anticipate the deployment of analytic tools 
                across classification levels to leverage all relevant 
                data sets, as appropriate;
                    (G) identify tools and analytical software that can 
                be applied and shared to manipulate, transform, and 
                display data and other identified needs;
                    (H) anticipate the integration of new technologies 
                and data streams, including data related to 
                cybersecurity risks derived from Government-sponsored 
                voluntary network sensors or network-monitoring 
                programs for the private sector or for State, local, 
                Tribal, and territorial governments; and
                    (I) appropriately account for departments, 
                agencies, programs, and systems and assets determined 
                to be required to participate by the President under 
                paragraph (2) in the Information Sharing Environment.
    (c) Operation.--The Information Sharing Environment shall be 
managed by the Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure 
Security Agency.
    (d) Post-Deployment Assessment.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date on which the Information Sharing Environment is established, the 
Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and 
the Director shall assess the means by which the Information Sharing 
Environment may be expanded to include the private sector and critical 
infrastructure information sharing organizations and, to the maximum 
extent practicable, begin the process of such expansion.
    (e) Private Sector Sharing Information Sharing Protections.--To the 
extent any private entity shares cyber threat indicators and defensive 
measures through or with the Information Sharing Environment and in a 
manner that is consistent with all requirements under section 1752 of 
the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (6 U.S.C. 1500), the Cybersecurity Information Sharing 
Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.), and any applicable guidelines 
promulgated under subsection (f), such activities shall be considered 
to be authorized by and in accordance with section 1752 of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 and the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015.
    (f) Privacy and Civil Liberties.--
            (1) Guidelines of attorney general.--Not later than 60 days 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security (acting through the Director of the 
        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency) and the 
        Attorney General, shall jointly, and in coordination with heads 
        of the appropriate Federal entities and in consultation with 
        officers designated under section 1062 of the National Security 
        Intelligence Reform Act of 2004 (42 U.S.C. 2000ee-1), develop, 
        submit to Congress, and make available to the public interim 
        guidelines relating to privacy and civil liberties which shall 
        govern the receipt, retention, use, and dissemination of cyber 
        threat indicators by a Federal entity obtained in connection 
        with activities authorized in this section.
            (2) Final guidelines.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
                Homeland Security (acting through the Director of the 
                Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency) and 
                the Attorney General, shall jointly, in coordination 
                with heads of the appropriate Federal entities and in 
                consultation with officers designated under section 
                1062 of the National Security Intelligence Reform Act 
                of 2004 (42 U.S.C. 2000ee-1) and such private entities 
                with industry expertise as the Secretary and the 
                Attorney General consider relevant, promulgate final 
                guidelines relating to privacy and civil liberties 
                which shall govern the receipt, retention, use, and 
                dissemination of cyber threat indicators by a Federal 
                entity obtained in connection with activities 
                authorized in this section.
                    (B) Periodic review.--The Secretary of Homeland 
                Security (acting through the Director of the 
                Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency) and 
                the Attorney General, shall jointly, in coordination 
                with heads of the appropriate Federal entities and in 
                consultation with officers and private entities 
                described in subparagraph (A), periodically, but not 
                less frequently than once every 2 years, review the 
                guidelines promulgated under subparagraph (A).
            (3) Content.--The guidelines required by paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) shall, consistent with the need to bolster the resilience 
        of information systems and mitigate cybersecurity threats--
                    (A) limit the effect on privacy and civil liberties 
                of activities by the Federal Government under this 
                section;
                    (B) limit the receipt, retention, use, and 
                dissemination of cyber threat indicators containing 
                personal information or information that identifies 
                specific persons, including by establishing--
                            (i) a process for the timely destruction of 
                        such information that is known not to be 
                        directly related to uses authorized under this 
                        section; and
                            (ii) specific limitations on the length of 
                        any period in which a cyber threat indicator 
                        may be retained;
                    (C) include requirements to safeguard cyber threat 
                indicators containing personal information or 
                information that identifies specific persons from 
                unauthorized access or acquisition, including 
                appropriate sanctions for activities by officers, 
                employees, or agents of the Federal Government in 
                contravention of such guidelines;
                    (D) include procedures for notifying entities and 
                Federal entities if information received pursuant to 
                this subsection is known or determined by a Federal 
                entity receiving such information not to constitute a 
                cyber threat indicator;
                    (E) protect the confidentiality of cyber threat 
                indicators containing personal information or 
                information that identifies specific persons to the 
                greatest extent practicable and require recipients to 
                be informed that such indicators may only be used for 
                purposes authorized under this section; and
                    (F) include steps that may be needed so that 
                dissemination of cyber threat indicators is consistent 
                with the protection of classified and other sensitive 
                national security information.
    (g) Oversight of Government Activities.--
            (1) Biennial report on privacy and civil liberties.--Not 
        later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
        not less frequently than once every year thereafter, the 
        Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board shall submit to 
        Congress and the President a report providing--
                    (A) an assessment of the effect on privacy and 
                civil liberties by the type of activities carried out 
                under this section; and
                    (B) an assessment of the sufficiency of the 
                guidelines established pursuant to subsection (f) in 
                addressing concerns relating to privacy and civil 
                liberties.
            (2) Biennial report by inspectors general.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, and not less frequently 
                than once every 2 years thereafter, the Inspector 
                General of the Department of Homeland Security, the 
                Inspector General of the Intelligence Community, the 
                Inspector General of the Department of Justice, the 
                Inspector General of the Department of Defense, and the 
                Inspector General of the Department of Energy shall, in 
                consultation with the Council of Inspectors General on 
                Integrity and Efficiency, jointly submit to Congress a 
                report on the receipt, use, and dissemination of cyber 
                threat indicators and defensive measures that have been 
                shared with Federal entities under this section.
                    (B) Contents.--Each report submitted under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) A review of the types of cyber threat 
                        indicators shared with Federal entities.
                            (ii) A review of the actions taken by 
                        Federal entities as a result of the receipt of 
                        such cyber threat indicators.
                            (iii) A list of Federal entities receiving 
                        such cyber threat indicators.
                            (iv) A review of the sharing of such cyber 
                        threat indicators among Federal entities to 
                        identify inappropriate barriers to sharing 
                        information.
            (3) Recommendations.--Each report submitted under this 
        subsection may include such recommendations as the Privacy and 
        Civil Liberties Oversight Board, with respect to a report 
        submitted under paragraph (1), or the Inspectors General 
        referred to in paragraph (2)(A), with respect to a report 
        submitted under paragraph (2), may have for improvements or 
        modifications to the authorities under this section.
            (4) Form.--Each report required under this subsection shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
        annex.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.
    (i) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given that term in section 
        1016(e) of the Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2001 
        (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)).
            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the National 
        Cyber Director.
            (3) Information sharing environment.--The term 
        ``Information Sharing Environment'' means the information 
        sharing environment established under subsection (a).

SEC. 203. DESIGNATE THREE CRITICAL TECHNOLOGY SECURITY CENTERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 307(b)(3) of the Homeland Security Act of 
2002 (6 U.S.C. 187(b)(3)), is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting 
        ``national laboratories,'' before ``and universities'';
            (2) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) establish not less than 1, and not more than 
                3, cybersecurity-focused critical technology security 
                centers, in order to bolster the overall resilience of 
                the networks and critical infrastructure of the United 
                States, to perform--
                            ``(i) network technology security testing, 
                        to test the security of cyber-related hardware 
                        and software;
                            ``(ii) connected industrial control system 
                        security testing, to test the security of 
                        connected programmable data logic controllers, 
                        supervisory control and data acquisition 
                        servers, and other cyber connected industrial 
                        equipment; and
                            ``(iii) open source software security 
                        testing, to test and coordinate efforts to fix 
                        vulnerabilities in open-source software.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the amendments made by this section 
$15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.

     TITLE III--IMPROVING SECURITY IN THE NATIONAL CYBER ECOSYSTEM

SEC. 301. ESTABLISH A NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY CERTIFICATION AND LABELING 
              AUTHORITY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Accredited certifying agent.--The term ``accredited 
        certifying agent'' means any person who is accredited by the 
        Authority as a certifying agent for the purposes of certifying 
        a specific class of critical information and communications 
        technology.
            (2) Authority.--The term ``Authority'' means the National 
        Cybersecurity Certification and Labeling Authority established 
        under subsection (b)(1).
            (3) Certification.--The term ``certification'' means a seal 
        or symbol provided by the Authority or an accredited certifying 
        agent, that results from passage of a comprehensive evaluation 
        of an information and communications technology that 
        establishes the extent to which a particular design and 
        implementation meets a set of specified security standards.
            (4) Critical information and communications technology.--
        The term ``critical information and communications technology'' 
        means information and communications technology that is in use 
        in critical infrastructure sectors and that underpins the 
        resilience of national critical functions, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
            (5) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given that term in section 
        1016(e) of the Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2001 
        (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)).
            (6) Label.--The term ``label'' means a clear, visual, and 
        easy to understand symbol or list that conveys specific 
        information about a product's security attributes, 
        characteristics, functionality, components, or other features.
            (7) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the program 
        administered under subsection (b)(1).
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security.
    (b) National Cybersecurity Certification and Labeling Authority.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established a National 
        Cybersecurity Certification and Labeling Authority for the 
        purpose of establishing and administering a voluntary national 
        cybersecurity certification and labeling program for critical 
        information and communications technology in order to bolster 
        the resilience of the networks and critical infrastructure of 
        the United States.
            (2) Programs.--
                    (A) Accreditation of certifying agents.--As part of 
                the Program, the Authority shall define and publish a 
                process whereby governmental and nongovernmental 
                entities may apply to become accredited certifying 
                agents for the certification of specific critical 
                information and communications technology, including--
                            (i) smartphones;
                            (ii) tablets;
                            (iii) laptop computers;
                            (iv) operating systems;
                            (v) routers;
                            (vi) software-as-a-service;
                            (vii) infrastructure-as-a-service;
                            (viii) platform-as-a-service;
                            (ix) programmable logic controllers;
                            (x) intelligent electronic devices; and
                            (xi) programmable automation controllers.
                    (B) Identification of standards, frameworks, and 
                benchmarks.--As part of the Program, the Authority 
                shall work in coordination with accredited certifying 
                agents, the Secretary, and subject matter experts from 
                the Federal Government, academia, nongovernmental 
                organizations, and the private sector to identify and 
                harmonize common security standards, frameworks, and 
                benchmarks against which the security of critical 
                information and communications technologies may be 
                measured.
                    (C) Product certification.--As part of the Program, 
                the Authority, in consultation with the Secretary and 
                other experts from the Federal Government, academia, 
                nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector, 
                shall--
                            (i) develop, and disseminate to accredited 
                        certifying agents, guidelines to standardize 
                        the presentation of certifications to 
                        communicate the level of security for critical 
                        information and communications technologies;
                            (ii) develop, or permit accredited 
                        certifying agents to develop, certification 
                        criteria for critical information and 
                        communications technologies based on identified 
                        security standards, frameworks, and benchmarks, 
                        through the work conducted under subparagraph 
                        (B);
                            (iii) issue, or permit accredited 
                        certifying agents to issue, certifications for 
                        critical information and communications 
                        technology that meet and comply with security 
                        standards, frameworks, and benchmarks 
                        identified through the work conducted under 
                        subparagraph (B);
                            (iv) permit a manufacturer or distributor 
                        of critical information and communications 
                        technology to display a certificate reflecting 
                        the extent to which the critical information 
                        and communications technology meets security 
                        standards, frameworks, and benchmarks 
                        identified through the work conducted under 
                        subparagraph (B);
                            (v) remove the certification of a critical 
                        information and communications technology as a 
                        critical information and communications 
                        technology certified under the Program if the 
                        manufacturer of the certified critical 
                        information and communications technology falls 
                        out of conformity with the benchmarks security 
                        standards, frameworks, or benchmarks identified 
                        through the work conducted under subparagraph 
                        (B) for the critical information and 
                        communications technology;
                            (vi) work to enhance public awareness of 
                        the certification and labeling efforts of the 
                        Authority and accredited certifying agents, 
                        including through public outreach, education, 
                        research and development, and other means; and
                            (vii) publicly display a list of labels and 
                        certified critical information and 
                        communications technology, along with their 
                        respective certification information.
                    (D) Certifications.--
                            (i) In general.--A certification shall 
                        remain valid for 1 year from the date of 
                        issuance.
                            (ii) Classes of certification.--In 
                        developing the guidelines and criteria required 
                        under subparagraph (C)(i), the Authority shall 
                        designate at least 3 classes of certifications, 
                        including the following:
                                    (I) For critical information and 
                                communications technology which the 
                                product manufacturer or service 
                                provider attests meets the criteria for 
                                a certification, attestation-based 
                                certification.
                                    (II) For critical information and 
                                communications technology products and 
                                services that have undergone third-
                                party accreditation of criteria for 
                                certification, accreditation-based 
                                certification.
                                    (III) For critical information and 
                                communications technology that has 
                                undergone a security evaluation and 
                                testing process by a qualifying third 
                                party, as determined by the Authority, 
                                test-based certification.
                    (E) Product labeling.--The Authority, in 
                consultation with the Secretary and other experts from 
                the Federal Government, academia, nongovernmental 
                organizations, and the private sector, shall--
                            (i) collaborate with the private sector to 
                        standardize language and define a labeling 
                        schema to provide transparent information on 
                        the security characteristics and constituent 
                        components of a software or hardware product; 
                        and
                            (ii) establish a mechanism by which product 
                        developers can provide this information for 
                        both product labeling and public posting.
            (3) Enforcement.--
                    (A) In general.--It shall be unlawful for a product 
                manufacturer, distributor, or seller to--
                            (i) falsely attest to, or falsify an audit 
                        or test for, a security standard, framework, or 
                        benchmark for certification;
                            (ii) intentionally mislabel a product; or
                            (iii) fail to maintain the security 
                        standard, framework, or benchmark to which the 
                        manufacturer, distributor, or seller attested.
                    (B) Enforcement by federal trade commission.--
                            (i) Unfair or deceptive acts or 
                        practices.--A violation of subparagraph (A) 
                        shall be treated as an unfair and deceptive act 
                        or practice in violation of a regulation under 
                        section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade 
                        Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)) 
                        regarding unfair or deceptive acts or 
                        practices.
                            (ii) Powers of commission.--
                                    (I) In general.--The Federal Trade 
                                Commission shall enforce this paragraph 
                                in the same manner, by the same means, 
                                and with the same jurisdiction, powers, 
                                and duties as though all applicable 
                                terms and provisions of the Federal 
                                Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et 
                                seq.) were incorporated into and made a 
                                part of this paragraph.
                                    (II) Privileges and immunities.--
                                Any person who violates this paragraph 
                                shall be subject to the penalties and 
                                entitled to the privileges and 
                                immunities provided in the Federal 
                                Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et 
                                seq.).
    (c) Selection of the Authority.--
            (1) Selection.--The Secretary shall issue a notice of 
        funding opportunity and select, on a competitive basis, a 
        nonprofit, nongovernmental organization to serve as the 
        Authority for a period of 5 years.
            (2) Eligibility for selection.--The Secretary may only 
        select an organization to serve as the Authority if such 
        organization--
                    (A) is a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization 
                that is--
                            (i) exempt from taxation under section 
                        501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; 
                        and
                            (ii) described in sections 501(c)(3) and 
                        170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of that Code;
                    (B) has a demonstrable track record of work on 
                cybersecurity and information security standards, 
                frameworks, and benchmarks; and
                    (C) possesses requisite staffing and expertise, 
                with demonstrable prior experience in technology 
                security or safety standards, frameworks, and 
                benchmarks, as well as certification.
            (3) Application.--The Secretary shall establish a process 
        by which a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that seeks 
        to be selected as the Authority may apply for consideration.
            (4) Program evaluation.--Not later than the date that is 4 
        years after the initial selection pursuant paragraph (1), and 
        every 4 years thereafter, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) assess the effectiveness of the labels and 
                certificates produced by the Authority, including--
                            (i) assessing the costs to businesses that 
                        manufacture critical information and 
                        communications technology participating in the 
                        Program;
                            (ii) evaluating the level of participation 
                        in the Program by businesses that manufacture 
                        critical information and communications 
                        technology; and
                            (iii) assessing the level of public 
                        awareness and consumer awareness of the label;
                    (B) audit the impartiality and fairness of the 
                Authority's activities conducted under this section;
                    (C) issue a public report on the assessment most 
                recently carried out under subparagraph (A) and the 
                audit most recently carried out under subparagraph (B); 
                and
                    (D) brief Congress on the findings of the Secretary 
                with respect to the most recent assessment under 
                subparagraph (A) and the most recent audit under 
                subparagraph (B).
            (5) Renewal.--After the initial selection pursuant to 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, every 5 years--
                    (A) accept applications from nonprofit, 
                nongovernmental organizations seeking selection as the 
                Authority; and
                    (B) following competitive consideration of all 
                applications--
                            (i) renew the selection of the organization 
                        serving as the Authority; or
                            (ii) select another applicant organization 
                        to serve as the Authority.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.

SEC. 302. ESTABLISH THE BUREAU OF CYBERSECURITY STATISTICS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Bureau.--The term ``Bureau'' means the Bureau of 
        Cybersecurity Statistics established under subsection (b).
            (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means any 
        nongovernmental organization, corporation, trust, partnership, 
        sole proprietorship, unincorporated association, or venture 
        (without regard to whether it is established for profit) that 
        is engaged in or affecting interstate commerce and that 
        provides cybersecurity incident response services or 
        cybersecurity insurance products.
            (3) Cyber incident.--The term cyber incident includes each 
        of the following:
                    (A) Unauthorized access to an information system or 
                network that leads to loss of confidentiality, 
                integrity, or availability of that information system 
                or network.
                    (B) Disruption of business operations due to a 
                distributed denial of service attack against an 
                information system or network.
                    (C) Unauthorized access or disruption of business 
                operations due to loss of service facilitated through, 
                or caused by a cloud service provider, managed service 
                provider, or other data hosting provider.
                    (D) Fraudulent or malicious use of a cloud service 
                account, data hosting account, internet service 
                account, or any other digital service.
            (4) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Bureau.
            (5) Statistical purpose.--The term ``statistical 
        purpose''--
                    (A) means the description, estimation, or analysis 
                of the characteristics of groups, without identifying 
                the individuals or organizations that comprise such 
                groups; and
                    (B) includes the development, implementation, or 
                maintenance of methods, technical or administrative 
                procedures, or information resources that support the 
                purposes described in subsection (e).
    (b) Establishment.--There is established within the Department of 
Homeland Security a Bureau of Cybersecurity Statistics.
    (c) Director.--
            (1) In general.--The Bureau shall be headed by a Director, 
        who shall--
                    (A) report to the Secretary of Homeland Security; 
                and
                    (B) be appointed by the President.
            (2) Authority.--The Director shall--
                    (A) have final authority for all cooperative 
                agreements and contracts awarded by the Bureau;
                    (B) be responsible for the integrity of data and 
                statistics collected or issued by the Bureau; and
                    (C) protect against improper or illegal use or 
                disclosure of information furnished for exclusively 
                statistical purposes under this section, consistent 
                with the requirements of subsection (f).
            (3) Qualifications.--The Director--
                    (A) shall have experience in statistical programs; 
                and
                    (B) shall not--
                            (i) engage in any other employment; or
                            (ii) hold any office in, or act in any 
                        capacity for, any organization, agency, or 
                        institution with which the Bureau makes any 
                        contract or other arrangement under this 
                        section.
            (4) Duties and functions.--The Director shall--
                    (A) collect and analyze information concerning 
                cybersecurity, including data related to cyber 
                incidents, cyber crime, and any other area the Director 
                determines appropriate;
                    (B) collect and analyze data that will serve as a 
                continuous and comparable national indication of the 
                prevalence, incidents, rates, extent, distribution, and 
                attributes of all relevant cyber incidents, as 
                determined by the Director, in support of national 
                policy and decision making;
                    (C) compile, collate, analyze, publish, and 
                disseminate uniform national cyber statistics 
                concerning any area that the Director determines 
                appropriate;
                    (D) in coordination with the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, recommend national standards, 
                metrics, and measurement criteria for cyber statistics 
                and for ensuring the reliability and validity of 
                statistics collected pursuant to this subsection;
                    (E) conduct or support research relating to methods 
                of gathering or analyzing cyber statistics;
                    (F) enter into cooperative agreements or contracts 
                with public agencies, institutions of higher education, 
                or private organizations for purposes related to this 
                subsection;
                    (G) provide appropriate information to the 
                President, the Congress, Federal agencies, the private 
                sector, and the general public on cyber statistics;
                    (H) maintain liaison with State and local 
                governments concerning cyber statistics;
                    (I) confer and cooperate with Federal statistical 
                agencies as needed to carry out the purposes of this 
                section, including by entering into cooperative data 
                sharing agreements in conformity with all laws and 
                regulations applicable to the disclosure and use of 
                data; and
                    (J) request from any person or entity information, 
                data, and reports as may be required to carry out the 
                purposes of this subsection.
    (d) Furnishment of Information, Data, or Reports by Federal 
Departments and Agencies.--Federal departments and agencies requested 
by the Director to furnish information, data, or reports pursuant to 
subsection (c)(4)(J) shall provide to the Bureau such information as 
the Director determines necessary to carry out the purposes of this 
section.
    (e) Furnishment of Cyber Incident Information, Data, or Reports to 
the Bureau by the Private Sector.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, each 
        covered entity shall submit to the Bureau a report containing 
        such data and information as the Director determines necessary 
        to carry out the purposes of this section.
            (2) Determination of data and information necessary to 
        carry out the purposes of this section.--Not later than 90 days 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually 
        thereafter, the Director shall publish a list of data and 
        information determined necessary to carry out the purposes of 
        this section, including individual descriptions of cyber 
        incidents, which shall include--
                    (A) identification of the affected databases, 
                information systems, or devices that were, or are 
                reasonably believed to have been accessed by an 
                unauthorized person;
                    (B) where applicable, a description of the 
                vulnerabilities, tactics, techniques, and procedures 
                used;
                    (C) where applicable, any identifying information 
                related to the malicious actors who perpetrated the 
                incident;
                    (D) where applicable any cybersecurity controls 
                implemented by the victim organization; and
                    (E) the industrial sectors, regions, and size of 
                affected entities (as determined by number of 
                employees) without providing any information that can 
                reasonably be expected to identify such entities.
            (3) Standards for submission of information and data.--Not 
        later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
        the Director shall, in consultation with covered entities, 
        develop standardized procedures for the submission of data and 
        information the Director determines necessary to carry out the 
        purposes of this section.
            (4) Private sector reporting.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date on which the Director develops the standards required 
        under paragraph (3), the Director shall--
                    (A) publish the processes for submission of 
                information, data, and reports by covered entities; and
                    (B) begin accepting reporting required under 
                paragraph (1).
            (5) Regulatory use.--Information disclosed to the Bureau 
        under this section that is not otherwise available, shall not 
        be used by the Federal Government or any State, local, tribal, 
        or territorial government to sanction or otherwise punish the 
        entity disclosing the information, or the entity in which the 
        cyber incident initially occurred.
            (6) Preservation of privilege.--Disclosure of information 
        pursuant to this section or by a covered entity to the Bureau 
        shall not waive any otherwise applicable privilege, immunity, 
        or protection provided by law.
            (7) Preservation of existing obligations.--Nothing in this 
        section shall modify, prevent, or abrogate any notice or 
        notification obligations under Federal contracts, enforceable 
        agreements with the government, or other Federal law.
            (8) Enforcement.--
                    (A) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices.--
                Compliance with the requirements imposed under this 
                subsection by covered entities shall be enforced by the 
                Federal Trade Commission under the Federal Trade 
                Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.). For the purpose 
                of the exercise by the Federal Trade Commission of its 
                functions and powers under the Federal Trade Commission 
                Act, a violation of any requirement or prohibition 
                imposed under this subsection shall be treated as an 
                unfair and deceptive act or practice in violation of a 
                regulation under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal 
                Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)) regarding 
                unfair or deceptive acts or practices.
                    (B) Powers of commission.--Subject to subparagraph 
                (C), the Federal Trade Commission shall enforce this 
                subsection in the same manner, by the same means, and 
                with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as 
                though all applicable terms and provisions of the 
                Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) 
                were incorporated into and made a part of this 
                subsection.
                    (C) Additional entities.--
                            (i) In general.--Notwithstanding sections 
                        4, 5(a)(2), or 6 of the Federal Trade 
                        Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 44, 45(a)(2), 46) or 
                        any jurisdictional limitation of the Federal 
                        Trade Commission, the Federal Trade Commission 
                        shall also enforce this subsection, in the same 
                        manner provided in subparagraph (A) of this 
                        paragraph, with respect to--
                                    (I) organizations not organized to 
                                carry on business for their own profit 
                                or that of their members; and
                                    (II) common carriers subject to the 
                                Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 
                                151 et seq.).
                            (ii) Coordination and notice.--The Federal 
                        Trade Commission shall--
                                    (I) coordinate with the Federal 
                                Communications Commission regarding 
                                enforcement of this subsection with 
                                respect to common carriers subject to 
                                the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
                                U.S.C. 151 et seq.);
                                    (II) notify the Bureau of Consumer 
                                Financial Protection regarding 
                                enforcement of this subsection with 
                                respect to information associated with 
                                the provision of financial products or 
                                services by an entity that provides a 
                                consumer financial product or service 
                                (as defined in section 1002 of the 
                                Consumer Financial Protection Act of 
                                2010 (12 U.S.C. 5481)); and
                                    (III) for enforcement of this 
                                subsection with respect to matters 
                                implicating the jurisdiction or 
                                authorities of another Federal agency, 
                                notify that agency as appropriate.
                    (D) Privileges and immunities.--Any covered entity 
                that violates the requirements imposed under this 
                subsection shall be subject to the penalties and 
                entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in 
                the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et 
                seq.).
                    (E) Construction.--Nothing in this paragraph shall 
                be construed to limit the authority of the Federal 
                Trade Commission under any other provision of law.
    (f) Protection of Information.--
            (1) In general.--No officer or employee of the Federal 
        Government or agent of the Federal Government may, without the 
        consent of the individual, entity, agency, or other person who 
        is the subject of the submission or provides the submission--
                    (A) use any submission that is furnished for 
                exclusively statistical purposes under this section for 
                any purpose other than the statistical purposes for 
                which the submission is furnished;
                    (B) make any publication or media transmittal of 
                the data contained in a submission described in 
                subparagraph (A) that permits information concerning 
                individual entities or individual incidents to be 
                reasonably inferred by either direct or indirect means; 
                or
                    (C) permit anyone other than a sworn officer, 
                employee, agent, or contractor of the Bureau to examine 
                an individual submission described in subsection (e).
            (2) Immunity from legal process.--Any submission (including 
        any data derived from the submission) that is collected and 
        retained by the Bureau, or an officer, employee, agent, or 
        contractor of the Bureau, for exclusively statistical purposes 
        under this section shall be immune from the legal process and 
        shall not, without the consent of the individual, entity, 
        agency, or other person who is the subject of the submission or 
        provides the submission, be admitted as evidence or used for 
        any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or 
        administrative proceeding.
            (3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to provide immunity from the legal process for a 
        submission (including any data derived from the submission) if 
        the submission is in the possession of any person, agency, or 
        entity other than the Bureau or an officers, employee, agent, 
        or contractor of the Bureau, or if the submission is 
        independently collected, retained, or produced for purposes 
        other than the purposes of this section.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriation.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section. 
Such funds shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 303. SECURE FOUNDATIONAL INTERNET PROTOCOLS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Border gateway protocol.--The term ``border gateway 
        protocol'' means a protocol designed to optimize routing of 
        information exchanged through the internet.
            (2) Domain name system.--The term ``domain name system'' 
        means a system that stores information associated with domain 
        names in a distributed database on networks.
            (3) Information and communications technology 
        infrastructure providers.--The term ``information and 
        communications technology infrastructure providers'' means all 
        systems that enable connectivity and operability of internet 
        service, backbone, cloud, web hosting, content delivery, domain 
        name system, and software-defined networks and other systems 
        and services.
    (b) Creation of a Strategy To Secure Foundational Internet 
Protocols.--
            (1) Protocol security strategy.--In order to secure 
        foundational internet protocols, not later than December 31, 
        2021, the National Telecommunications and Information 
        Administration and the Department of Homeland Security shall 
        submit to Congress a strategy to secure the border gateway 
        protocol and the domain name system.
            (2) Strategy requirements.--The strategy required under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) articulate the security and privacy benefits of 
                implementing security for the border gateway protocol 
                and the domain name system and the burdens of 
                implementation and the entities on whom those burdens 
                will most likely fall;
                    (B) identify key United States and international 
                stakeholders;
                    (C) outline identified security measures that could 
                be used to secure or provide authentication for the 
                border gateway protocol and the domain name system;
                    (D) identify any barriers to implementing security 
                for the border gateway protocol and the domain name 
                system at scale;
                    (E) propose a strategy to implement identified 
                security measures at scale, accounting for barriers to 
                implementation and balancing benefits and burdens, 
                where feasible; and
                    (F) provide an initial estimate of the total cost 
                to the Government and implementing entities in the 
                private sector of implementing security for the border 
                gateway protocol and the domain name system and propose 
                recommendations for defraying these costs, if 
                applicable.
            (3) Consultation.--In developing the strategy required 
        under paragraph (1) the National Telecommunications and 
        Information Administration and the Department of Homeland 
        Security shall consult with information and communications 
        technology infrastructure providers, civil society 
        organizations, relevant nonprofit organizations, and academic 
        experts.

        TITLE IV--SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

SEC. 401. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and 
        the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of 
        Representatives.
            (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given that term in section 
        1016(e) of the Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2001 
        (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)).
            (3) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Homeland Security.
            (4) Entity.--The term ``entity'' means a non-Federal entity 
        and a private entity, as such terms are defined under section 
        102 of the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 (6 
        U.S.C. 1501).
            (5) National critical functions.--The term ``national 
        critical functions'' means functions of government and the 
        private sector so vital to the United States that their 
        disruption, corruption, or dysfunction would have a 
        debilitating effect on security, national economic security, 
        national public health or safety, or any combination thereof.
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security.
            (7) Stakeholders.--The term ``stakeholders'' means persons 
        or groups whose consultation may aid the Secretary in 
        exercising the authority of the Secretary under this title, 
        including--
                    (A) Sector Coordinating Councils within the 
                Critical Infrastructure Partnership Advisory Council, 
                established under section 871 of the Homeland Security 
                Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 451);
                    (B) the State, Local, Tribal and Territorial 
                Government Coordinating Council, within the Critical 
                Infrastructure Partnership Advisory Council, 
                established under section 871 of the Homeland Security 
                Act of 2002 (6.U.S.C. 451);
                    (C) the Cybersecurity Advisory Committee 
                established under section 2219 of the Homeland Security 
                Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 665e), as so redesignated by 
                section 101 of this Act;
                    (D) the National Security Telecommunications 
                Advisory Committee established pursuant to Executive 
                Order 12382 (47 Fed. Reg. 40531); and
                    (E) the National Infrastructure Advisory Council, 
                established pursuant to Executive Order 13231 (66 Fed. 
                Reg. 53063).
            (8) Systemically important critical infrastructure.--The 
        term ``Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure'' means 
        an entity that has been designated as such by the Secretary 
        through the process and procedures established under section 
        402.

SEC. 402. SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary may designate entities as 
Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure.
    (b) Establishment of Methodology and Criteria.--Prior to 
designating any entities as Systemically Important Critical 
Infrastructure, the Secretary, in consultation with the National Cyber 
Director, Sector Risk Management Agencies, and appropriate stakeholders 
shall develop--
            (1) a methodology for identifying Systemically Important 
        Critical Infrastructure; and
            (2) criteria for determining whether an entity qualifies as 
        Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure.
    (c) Considerations.--In establishing criteria for determining 
whether an entity qualifies as Systemically Important Critical 
Infrastructure, the Secretary shall consider--
            (1) the likelihood that disruption to or compromise of such 
        an entity could cause a debilitating effect on national 
        security, economic security, public health or safety, or any 
        combination thereof;
            (2) the extent to which damage, disruption, or unauthorized 
        access to such an entity either separately or collectively, 
        will disrupt the reliable operation of other critical 
        infrastructure assets, or impede provisioning of one or more 
        national critical functions;
            (3) the extent to which national cybersecurity resilience 
        would be enhanced by deeper risk management integration between 
        Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure entities and the 
        Federal Government; and
            (4) the extent to which compromise or unauthorized access 
        of such an entity could separately or collectively create 
        widespread compromise of the cyber ecosystem, significant 
        portions of critical infrastructure, or multiple critical 
        infrastructure sectors.
    (d) List.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall complete an initial 
        list of entities designated as Systemically Important Critical 
        Infrastructure.
            (2) Maintenance of list.--The Secretary shall maintain a 
        comprehensive list of entities designated as Systemically 
        Important Critical Infrastructure, which shall be updated 
        within 7 days of a change in whether an entity qualifies as 
        Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure.
    (e) Entity Notifications.--Not later than 90 days after designating 
an entity as Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure or removing 
the designation of an entity as Systemically Important Critical 
Infrastructure, the Secretary shall notify the entity.
    (f) Congressional Notifications.--The Secretary shall--
            (1) not later than 30 days after the date of any addition, 
        modification, or removal of an entity from the list of 
        Significantly Important Critical Infrastructure maintained 
        under subsection (d), notify the appropriate Congressional 
        committees; and
            (2) at least every 2 years, submit to the appropriate 
        Congressional committees an updated comprehensive list of 
        entities designated as Systemically Important Critical 
        Infrastructure, in conjunction with each plan required pursuant 
        to section 403.

SEC. 403. PLAN FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT CRITICAL 
              INFRASTRUCTURE METHODOLOGY AND CAPABILITY.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter for 10 years, the 
Secretary, in consultation with Sector Risk Management Agencies and 
appropriate stakeholders, shall develop and submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a plan for enhancing the methodology of the 
Department for identifying Systemically Important Critical 
Infrastructure, including a discussion of the progress of the 
Department as of the date of submission of the plan in implementing the 
plan.
    (b) Contents of Plan.--
            (1) In general.--The plan required under subsection (a) 
        shall include--
                    (A) the methodology and criteria used for 
                identifying and determining entities that qualify as 
                Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure as 
                described in section 402(b) and the analysis used to 
                establish such methodology and criteria;
                    (B) a proposed timeline for enhancing the 
                capabilities of the Department to expand the list 
                beyond the designated entities to also include 
                facilities, systems, assets, or other relevant units of 
                critical infrastructure that may further enhance the 
                ability to manage risk of Systemically Important 
                Critical Infrastructure;
                    (C) information regarding the outreach by the 
                Department to stakeholders and other Sector Risk 
                Management Agencies on such efforts, including 
                mechanisms for incorporation of industry feedback;
                    (D) information regarding the efforts of the 
                Department, and the associated challenges with such 
                efforts, to access information from stakeholders and 
                other Sector Risk Management Agencies to identify 
                Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure;
                    (E) information regarding other critical 
                infrastructure entity identification programs within 
                the Department and how they are being incorporated into 
                the overarching process to identify Systemically 
                Important Critical Infrastructure, which shall include 
                the efforts of the Department under section 9 of 
                Executive Order 13636 (78 Fed. Reg. 11739), the 
                National Infrastructure Prioritization Program, and 
                section 4 of Executive Order 14028 (86 Fed. Reg. 
                26633);
                    (F) any identified gaps in authorities or resources 
                required to successfully carry out the process of 
                identifying Systemically Important Critical 
                Infrastructure, including facilities, systems, assets, 
                or other relevant units of critical infrastructure, as 
                well as legislative proposals to address such gaps;
                    (G) an assessment of potential benefits for 
                entities designated as Systemically Important Critical 
                Infrastructure, which shall include an assessment of--
                            (i) enhanced intelligence support and 
                        information sharing;
                            (ii) prioritized Federal technical 
                        assistance;
                            (iii) liability protection for entities 
                        designated as Systemically Important Critical 
                        Infrastructure that conform to identified 
                        security standards for damages or harm directly 
                        or indirectly caused by a cyber incident;
                            (iv) prioritized emergency planning;
                            (v) benefits described in the final report 
                        of the U.S. Cyberspace Solarium Commission, 
                        dated March 2020; and
                            (vi) additional authorizations or resources 
                        necessary to implement the benefits assessed 
                        under this subparagraph; and
                    (H) an assessment of potential mechanisms to 
                improve the security of entities designated as 
                Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure, which 
                shall include an assessment of--
                            (i) risk-based cybersecurity performance 
                        standards for all Systemically Important 
                        Critical Infrastructure entities, 
                        incorporating, to the greatest extent possible, 
                        existing industry best practices, standards, 
                        and guidelines;
                            (ii) sector-specific performance standards;
                            (iii) additional regulations to enhance the 
                        security of Systemically Important Critical 
                        Infrastructure against cyber risks, including 
                        how to prevent duplicative requirements for 
                        already regulated sectors;
                            (iv) cyber incident reporting requirements 
                        for entities designated as Systemically 
                        Important Critical Infrastructure; and
                            (v) additional authorizations or resources 
                        necessary to implement the mechanisms to 
                        improve the security of Systemically Important 
                        Critical Infrastructure assessed under this 
                        subparagraph.
            (2) Initial plan.--The initial plan submitted under this 
        section shall include a detailed description of the 
        capabilities of the Department with respect to identifying 
        Systemically Important Critical Infrastructure as they were on 
        the date of enactment of this Act.
    (c) Classified Annex.--The plan shall be in unclassified form, but 
may include a classified annex, as the Secretary determines necessary.
    (d) Publication.--Not later than 30 days after the date on which 
the Secretary submits a plan to Congress, the Secretary shall make the 
plan available to relevant stakeholders.
    (e) Restriction.--Subchapter I of chapter 35 of title 44, United 
States Code, shall not apply to any action to implement this section or 
to any exercise of the authority of the Secretary pursuant to this 
section.

             TITLE V--ENABLING THE NATIONAL CYBER DIRECTOR

SEC. 501. ESTABLISHMENT OF HIRING AUTHORITIES FOR THE OFFICE OF THE 
              NATIONAL CYBER DIRECTOR.

    Section 1752 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and in 
                accordance with paragraphs (3) through (7) of this 
                subsection,'' after ``and classification laws,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting 
                ``notwithstanding paragraphs (3) through (7) of this 
                subsection,'' before ``employ experts'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (8) as 
                paragraphs (8) through (13), respectively; and
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) establish, as positions in the excepted service, such 
        qualified positions in the Office as the Director determines 
        necessary to carry out the responsibilities of the Office, 
        appoint an individual to a qualified position (after taking 
        into consideration the availability of preference eligibles for 
        appointment to the position), and, subject to the requirements 
        of paragraphs (4) and (5), fix the compensation of an 
        individual for service in a qualified position;
            ``(4) fix the rates of basic pay for any qualified position 
        established under paragraph (3) in relation to the rates of pay 
        provided for employees in comparable positions in the Office, 
        in which the employee occupying the comparable position 
        performs, manages, or supervises functions that execute the 
        mission of the Office, and, subject to the same limitations on 
        maximum rates of pay and consistent with section 5341 of title 
        5, United States Code, adopt such provisions of that title to 
        provide for prevailing rate systems of basic pay and apply 
        those provisions to qualified positions for employees in or 
        under which the Office may employ individuals described by 
        section 5342(a)(2)(A) of such title;
            ``(5) employ an officer or employee of the United States or 
        member of the Armed Forces detailed to the staff of the Office 
        on a non-reimbursable basis--
                    ``(A) as jointly agreed to by the heads of the 
                receiving and detailing elements, for a period not to 
                exceed 3 years;
                    ``(B) which shall not be construed to limit any 
                other source of authority for reimbursable or non-
                reimbursable details; and
                    ``(C) which shall not be considered an augmentation 
                of the appropriations of the receiving element of the 
                Office;
            ``(6) provide--
                    ``(A) employees in qualified positions compensation 
                (in addition to basic pay), including benefits, 
                incentives, and allowances, consistent with, and not in 
                excess of the level authorized for, comparable 
                positions authorized by title 5, United States Code; 
                and
                    ``(B) employees in a qualified position whose rate 
                of basic pay is fixed under paragraph (4) an allowance 
                under section 5941 of title 5, United States Code, on 
                the same basis and to the same extent as if the 
                employee was an employee covered by such section, 
                including eligibility conditions, allowance rates, and 
                all other terms and conditions in law or regulation;
            ``(7) establish a fellowship program to facilitate a talent 
        exchange program between the private sector and the Office to 
        arrange, with the agreement of a private sector organization 
        and the consent of the employee, for the temporary assignment 
        of an employee to the private sector organization, or from the 
        private sector organization to the Office;''; and
            (2) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (6) as 
                paragraphs (4) through (7), respectively;
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) The term `excepted service' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 2103 of title 5, United States Code.''; 
        and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) The term `preference eligible' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 2108(3) of title 5, United States Code.
            ``(9) The term `qualified position' means a position, 
        designated by the Director for the purpose of this section, in 
        which the individual occupying such position performs, manages, 
        or supervises functions that execute the responsibilities of 
        the Office.''.
                                 <all>