Title: Endless Frontier Act
Policy area: Science, Technology, Communications

Summary:
Endless Frontier Act
This bill establishes a Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the National Science Foundation (NSF) and establishes various programs and activities.
The goals of the directorate shall be, among other things, the strengthening of U.S. leadership in critical technologies through basic research in key technology focus areas, such as artificial intelligence, high performance computing, and advanced manufacturing, and the commercialization of those technologies to businesses in the United States.
The bill gives the NSF the authority to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate dissemination of information within the United States concerning the NSF’s activities and the results of those activities.
The Office of Science and Technology Policy shall annually develop a strategy for the federal government to improve national competitiveness in science, research, and innovation to support the national security strategy.
The Department of Commerce shall (1) establish a supply chain resiliency and crisis response program to address supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in critical industries, (2) designate regional technology hubs to facilitate activities that support regional economic development that diffuses innovation around the United States, and (3) award grants to facilitate development and implementation of comprehensive regional technology strategies.
The bill extends through FY2026 the Manufacturing USA Program and expands such program to support innovation and growth in domestic manufacturing.

[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2731 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






117th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 2731

  To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
  National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
    program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
  science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
  establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             April 21, 2021

   Mr. Khanna (for himself, Mr. Gallagher, Ms. Wild, Mr. Turner, Mr. 
  Bowman, Mr. Fitzpatrick, and Ms. Sherrill) introduced the following 
   bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
 Technology, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, 
for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case 
for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of 
                        the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
  National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
    program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
  science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
  establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Endless Frontier Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) For over 70 years, the United States has been the 
        unequivocal global leader in scientific and technological 
        innovation, and as a result the people of the United States 
        have benefitted through good-paying jobs, economic prosperity, 
        and a higher quality of life.
                    (A) Today, however, this leadership position is 
                being eroded and challenged by foreign competitors, 
                some of which are stealing intellectual property and 
                trade secrets of the United States and aggressively 
                investing in research and commercialization to dominate 
                the key existing and future technology fields.
                    (B) While the United States once led the world in 
                the share of our economy invested in research, our 
                Nation now ranks 9th globally in total research and 
                development and 12th in publicly financed research and 
                development.
                    (C) While wages for American workers rose in 
                parallel with growth in national productivity from the 
                end of World War II through most of the 1970s, since 
                then wage growth has been uneven and labor's share in 
                national income has declined.
            (2) Without a significant increase in investment in 
        research, education, technology transfer, intellectual 
        property, manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United 
        States innovation ecosystem, it is only a matter of time before 
        the global competitors of the United States overtake the United 
        States in terms of technological primacy. The country that wins 
        the race in key technologies--such as artificial intelligence, 
        quantum computing, advanced communications, and advanced 
        manufacturing--and uses technological innovation to support 
        high-quality jobs and incomes will be the superpower of the 
        future.
            (3) The Federal Government must catalyze United States 
        innovation by boosting research investments focused on 
        discovering, creating, commercializing, and demonstrating new 
        technologies and manufacturing those technologies domestically 
        throughout the country to ensure the leadership of the United 
        States in the industries of the future.
            (4) The distribution of innovation jobs and investment in 
        the United States has become largely concentrated in just a few 
        locations, while much of the Nation has been left out of growth 
        in the innovation sector. More than 90 percent of the Nation's 
        innovation sector employment growth in the last 15 years was 
        generated in just 5 major metropolitan areas. The Federal 
        Government must address this imbalance in opportunity by--
                    (A) dramatically increasing funding for science and 
                engineering research and expanding partnerships with 
                the private sector to build new technology hubs across 
                the country;
                    (B) spreading high-quality innovation sector jobs 
                more broadly;
                    (C) increasing the participation of 
                underrepresented populations, engaging workers, and 
                collaborating with labor organizations in innovation 
                efforts to tap the talent and potential of the entire 
                Nation to ensure the United States leads the industries 
                of the future; and
                    (D) building regional capacity in such critical 
                areas as entrepreneurship, access to capital and other 
                investment, and supply chain development.
            (5) As President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated, ``[N]ew 
        frontiers of the mind are before us, and if they are pioneered 
        with the same vision, boldness, and drive with which we have 
        waged this war we can create a fuller and more fruitful 
        employment and a fuller and more fruitful life.''
            (6) As Vannevar Bush stated in his 1945 report entitled 
        Science, The Endless Frontier, ``New products, new industries, 
        and more jobs require continuous additions to knowledge of the 
        laws of nature, and the application of that knowledge to 
        practical purposes. Similarly, our defense against aggression 
        demands new knowledge so that we can develop new and improved 
        weapons. This essential, new knowledge can be obtained only 
        through basic scientific research.''
            (7) Since their inception, the National Science Foundation 
        and other key Federal agencies, like the Department of Energy, 
        have carried out vital work supporting basic and applied 
        research to create knowledge that is a key driver of the 
        economy of the United States and enhances the Nation's 
        security.

SEC. 3. IMPROVING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL 
              SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

    (a) Providing Authority To Disseminate Information.--Section 11 of 
the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1870) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(l) provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
dissemination of information within the United States concerning the 
Foundation's activities and the results thereof.''.
    (b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and Innovation.--
The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 8 (42 U.S.C. 1866), by inserting at the end 
        the following: ``Such divisions shall include the Directorate 
        for Technology and Innovation established under section 8A.''; 
        and
            (2) by inserting after section 8 the following:

``SEC. 8A. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHING DIRECTORATE FOR 
              TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college' has 
        the meaning given the term `junior or community college' in 
        section 312(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1058(f)).
            ``(2) Designated country.--The term `designated country' 
        means a country that has been approved and designated in 
        writing by the President for purposes of this section, after 
        providing--
                    ``(A) not less than 30 days of advance notification 
                and explanation to the relevant congressional 
                committees before the designation; and
                    ``(B) in-person briefings to such committees, if 
                requested during the 30-day advance notification period 
                described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(3) Directorate.--The term `Directorate' means the 
        Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under 
        subsection (b).
            ``(4) Emerging research institution.--The term `emerging 
        research institution' means an institution of higher education 
        with an established undergraduate student program that has, on 
        average for the 3 years prior to an application for an award 
        under this section, received less than $35,000,000 in Federal 
        research funding.
            ``(5) Federal research facility.--The term `Federal 
        research facility' includes a research laboratory of the 
        Department of Agriculture and any other Federally funded 
        research and development center.
            ``(6) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        `historically Black college or university' has the meaning 
        given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061)).
            ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            ``(8) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key technology 
        focus areas' means the areas included on the most recent list 
        under subsection (d)(2).
            ``(9) Labor organization.--The term `labor organization' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National 
        Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term 
        shall also include--
                    ``(A) any organization composed of labor 
                organizations, such as a labor union federation or a 
                State or municipal labor body; and
                    ``(B) any organization which would be included in 
                the definition for such term under such section 2(5) 
                but for the fact that the organization represents--
                            ``(i) individuals employed by the United 
                        States, any wholly owned Government 
                        corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any 
                        State or political subdivision thereof;
                            ``(ii) individuals employed by persons 
                        subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 
                        et seq.); or
                            ``(iii) individuals employed as 
                        agricultural laborers.
            ``(10) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
        serving institution' means an institution described in section 
        371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q(a)).
            ``(11) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            ``(12) Relevant congressional committees.--The term 
        `relevant congressional committees' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign 
                Relations, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
                and Pensions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign 
                Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
                Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
            ``(13) STEM.--The term `STEM' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
        of 2010 (Public Law 111-358; 42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
            ``(14) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
        college or university' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
            ``(15) Underrepresented populations.--The term 
        `underrepresented populations' means women, minorities, 
        veterans, tribal populations, persons with disabilities, and 
        other populations that are underrepresented in STEM.
    ``(b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and Innovation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director shall 
        establish in the Foundation a Directorate for Technology and 
        Innovation. The Directorate shall carry out the duties and 
        responsibilities described in this section, in order to further 
        the following goals:
                    ``(A) Strengthening the leadership of the United 
                States in critical technologies, as described as a 
                critical national need in section 7018 of the America 
                COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-5), through basic 
                research in the key technology focus areas and the 
                commercialization of those technologies to businesses 
                in the United States.
                    ``(B) Addressing and mitigating technology 
                challenges integral to the geostrategic position of the 
                United States through the activities authorized by this 
                section.
                    ``(C) Enhancing the competitiveness of the United 
                States in the key technology focus areas by improving 
                education in the key technology focus areas and 
                attracting more students to such areas at all levels of 
                education.
                    ``(D) Consistent with the mission and operations of 
                the Foundation, fostering the economic and societal 
                impact of Federally funded research and development 
                through an accelerated translation of basic advances in 
                the key technology focus areas into processes and 
                products, known as technology transfer, that can help 
                achieve national goals related to economic 
                competitiveness, domestic manufacturing, national 
                security, shared prosperity, energy and the 
                environment, health, education and workforce 
                development, and transportation.
                    ``(E) Utilizing the full potential of the United 
                States workforce by encouraging broader participation 
                in key technology focus areas by underrepresented 
                populations.
                    ``(F) Ensuring the programmatic work of the 
                Directorate and Foundation incorporates a workforce 
                perspective from labor organizations and workforce 
                training organizations.
            ``(2) Organization and administrative matters.--
                    ``(A) Program managers.--The employees of the 
                Directorate may include program managers for the key 
                technology focus areas, who may perform a role similar 
                to program managers employed by the Defense Advanced 
                Research Projects Agency for the oversight and 
                selection of programs supported by the Directorate.
                    ``(B) Selection of recipients.--Recipients of 
                support under the programs and activities of the 
                Directorate shall be selected by program managers or 
                other employees of the Directorate and the selection 
                criteria for financial assistance awards shall include 
                intellectual merit and broader impacts, including 
                economic impacts on the advanced technology production 
                system of the United States. The Directorate may use a 
                peer review process or the authorities provided under 
                subsection (c), or some combination of such process and 
                authorities, to inform the selection of award 
                recipients.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director 
                shall prepare and submit a report to the relevant 
                congressional committees regarding the use of 
                alternative methods for the selection of recipients and 
                the distribution of funding to recipients as compared 
                to the traditional peer review process.
                    ``(D) Assistant directors.--The Director shall 
                appoint an Assistant Director for the Directorate, in 
                the same manner as other Assistant Directors of the 
                Foundation are appointed.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director shall 
        prepare and submit a report to the relevant congressional 
        committees regarding the establishment of the Directorate.
    ``(c) Personnel Management Authorities for the Foundation.--In 
addition to the authorities and requirements of section 15, the 
Director shall have the following authorities:
            ``(1) Experts in science and engineering.--The Director 
        shall have the authority to carry out a program of personnel 
        management authority in the same manner, and subject to the 
        same requirements, as the program of personnel management 
        authority authorized for the Director of the Defense Advanced 
        Research Projects Agency under section 1599h of title 10, 
        United States Code, for the Defense Advanced Research Projects 
        Agency.
            ``(2) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--In 
        addition to the authority provided under paragraph (1), the 
        Director shall have the authority to carry out a program of 
        personnel management authority in the same manner, and subject 
        to the same requirements, as the program to attract highly 
        qualified experts carried out by the Secretary of Defense under 
        section 9903 of title 5, United States Code. Individuals hired 
        by the Director through such authority shall include 
        individuals with expertise in business creativity, innovation 
        management, design thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, 
        and related fields.
            ``(3) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to 
        carry out the duties in paragraph (1), the Director is 
        authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of 
        title 5, United States Code, to staff the Directorate with 
        employees from other Federal agencies, State and local 
        governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as 
        described in that section, in the same manner and subject to 
        the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to 
        accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
    ``(d) Duties and Functions of the Directorate.--
            ``(1) Development of technology focus of the directorate.--
        The Director shall--
                    ``(A) through the Directorate, advance innovation 
                in the key technology focus areas through basic and 
                translational research and other activities described 
                in this section;
                    ``(B) develop and implement strategies to ensure 
                that the activities of the Directorate are directed 
                toward the key technology focus areas in order to 
                accomplish the goals described in subsection (b)(1) 
                consistent with the most recent report conducted under 
                section 5(b) of the Endless Frontier Act; and
                    ``(C) develop and focus on innovation methods, 
                processes, and promising practices that can affect the 
                speed and effectiveness of innovation processes at 
                scale.
            ``(2) Key technology focus areas.--
                    ``(A) Initial list.--The initial key technology 
                focus areas are--
                            ``(i) artificial intelligence, machine 
                        learning, and other software advances;
                            ``(ii) high performance computing, 
                        semiconductors, and advanced computer hardware;
                            ``(iii) quantum computing and information 
                        systems;
                            ``(iv) robotics, automation, and advanced 
                        manufacturing;
                            ``(v) natural and anthropogenic disaster 
                        prevention or mitigation;
                            ``(vi) advanced communications technology;
                            ``(vii) biotechnology, medical technology, 
                        genomics, and synthetic biology;
                            ``(viii) cybersecurity, data storage, and 
                        data management technologies;
                            ``(ix) advanced energy, batteries, and 
                        industrial efficiency; and
                            ``(x) advanced materials science, 
                        engineering, and exploration relevant to the 
                        other key technology focus areas described in 
                        this subparagraph.
                    ``(B) Review of key technology focus areas and 
                subsequent lists.--
                            ``(i) Adding or deleting key technology 
                        focus areas.--Beginning on the date that is 3 
                        years after the date of enactment of the 
                        Endless Frontier Act, and every 3 years 
                        thereafter, the Director, in coordination with 
                        the Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy, the Director of National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
                        Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, 
                        the Director of the National Institutes of 
                        Health, and, as appropriate, the heads of other 
                        departments and agencies--
                                    ``(I) shall review the list of key 
                                technology focus areas;
                                    ``(II) may consider the challenges 
                                and recommendations identified in the 
                                report required by section 11 of the 
                                Endless Frontier Act; and
                                    ``(III) as part of that review, may 
                                add or delete key technology focus 
                                areas if societal challenges or the 
                                competitive threats to the United 
                                States have shifted (whether because 
                                the United States or other nations have 
                                advanced or fallen behind in a 
                                technological area), subject to clause 
                                (ii).
                            ``(ii) Limit on key technology focus 
                        areas.--Not more than 10 key technology focus 
                        areas shall be included on the list of key 
                        technology focus areas at any time.
                            ``(iii) Updating focus areas and 
                        distribution.--Prior to completion of each 
                        review under this subparagraph, the Director 
                        shall make the list of key technology focus 
                        areas readily available to the public and 
                        available for public comment, including, at a 
                        minimum, by publishing the list in the Federal 
                        Register even if no changes are expected to be 
                        made to the prior list.
                            ``(iv) Extraordinary circumstance waiver.--
                        In extraordinary circumstances, the Director of 
                        the Office of Science and Technology Policy may 
                        grant the Director the ability to add or delete 
                        key technology focus areas without acting in 
                        coordination as described in clause (i). If 
                        such an ability is determined to be necessary 
                        by the Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy, the Director and the 
                        Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy shall not later than 15 days 
                        ahead of such a waiver being granted submit a 
                        detailed description and justification to the 
                        relevant congressional committees.
            ``(3) Activities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the duties and 
                functions of the Directorate, the Director--
                            ``(i) may make awards in a technologically-
                        neutral manner for key technology focus areas 
                        to--
                                    ``(I) individual institutions of 
                                higher education for work at centers or 
                                by individual researchers or teams of 
                                researchers;
                                    ``(II) not-for-profit entities; and
                                    ``(III) consortia that--
                                            ``(aa) shall include and be 
                                        led by an institution of higher 
                                        education, or by a not-for-
                                        profit entity designed to 
                                        support technology development, 
                                        and may include 1 or more 
                                        additional institutions of 
                                        higher education;
                                            ``(bb) shall include at 
                                        least one of the following:

                                                    ``(AA) a 
                                                historically Black 
                                                college or university;

                                                    ``(BB) a Tribal 
                                                College or University;

                                                    ``(CC) another 
                                                minority-serving 
                                                institution;

                                                    ``(DD) an 
                                                institution that 
                                                participates in the 
                                                Established Program to 
                                                Stimulate Competitive 
                                                Research under section 
                                                113 of the National 
                                                Science Foundation 
                                                Authorization Act of 
                                                1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g);

                                                    ``(EE) an emerging 
                                                research institution 
                                                that is not classified 
                                                as a very high research 
                                                activity by the 
                                                Carnegie Classification 
                                                of Institutions of 
                                                Higher Education and 
                                                that has an 
                                                undergraduate 
                                                enrollment with a 
                                                majority of students 
                                                who are from 
                                                underrepresented 
                                                populations; or

                                                    ``(FF) a community 
                                                college; and

                                            ``(cc) may include 1 or 
                                        more--

                                                    ``(AA) entities 
                                                described in subclause 
                                                (I) or (II) and 
                                                industries, including 
                                                startups, small 
                                                businesses, and public-
                                                private partnerships;

                                                    ``(BB) economic 
                                                development 
                                                organizations or 
                                                venture development 
                                                organizations, as such 
                                                term is defined in 
                                                section 28(a) of the 
                                                Stevenson-Wydler 
                                                Technology Innovation 
                                                Act of 1980;

                                                    ``(CC) National 
                                                Laboratories;

                                                    ``(DD) Federal 
                                                laboratories, as 
                                                defined in section 4 of 
                                                the Stevenson-Wydler 
                                                Technology Innovation 
                                                Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
                                                3703);

                                                    ``(EE) Federal 
                                                research facilities;

                                                    ``(FF) labor 
                                                organizations;

                                                    ``(GG) entities 
                                                described in subclause 
                                                (I) or (II) from allied 
                                                or partner countries;

                                                    ``(HH) other 
                                                entities if determined 
                                                by the Director to be 
                                                vital to the success of 
                                                the program; and

                                                    ``(II) binational 
                                                research and 
                                                development foundations 
                                                and funds, excluding 
                                                foreign entities of 
                                                concern;

                            ``(ii) may partner with other directorates 
                        of the Foundation for projects or research, 
                        including--
                                    ``(I) to pursue basic questions 
                                about natural, human, and physical 
                                phenomena that could enable advances in 
                                the key technology focus areas;
                                    ``(II) to study questions that 
                                could affect the design (including 
                                human interfaces), operation, 
                                deployment, or the social and ethical 
                                consequences of technologies in the key 
                                technology focus areas, including the 
                                development of technologies that 
                                complement or enhance the abilities of 
                                workers and impact of specific 
                                innovations on domestic jobs and 
                                equitable opportunity; and
                                    ``(III) to further the creation of 
                                a domestic workforce capable of 
                                advancing, using, and adapting to key 
                                technology focus areas and 
                                understanding and improving the impact 
                                of key technology focus areas on STEM 
                                teaching and learning advancing the key 
                                technology focus areas, including 
                                engaging relevant partners in research 
                                and innovation programs;
                            ``(iii) may provide funds to any other 
                        Federal agencies for intramural or extramural 
                        work in the key technology focus areas through 
                        research, manufacturing, or other means;
                            ``(iv) may make awards under the SBIR and 
                        STTR programs (as defined in section 9(e) of 
                        the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)); and
                            ``(v) may enter into and perform such 
                        contracts, other transactions, or other 
                        arrangements, or modifications thereof, as may 
                        be necessary in the conduct of the work of the 
                        Directorate and on such terms as the Director 
                        considers appropriate, in furtherance of the 
                        purposes of this Act.
                    ``(B) Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the 
                Director, in coordination with the Secretary of State 
                and the Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy, shall prepare and submit to the 
                relevant congressional committees--
                            ``(i) a plan to seek out additional 
                        investments from--
                                    ``(I) certain designated countries; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) entities other than 
                                institutions of higher education; and
                            ``(ii) the planned activities of the 
                        Directorate to secure federally funded science 
                        and technology pursuant to section 1746 of the 
                        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                        Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92) and section 223 
                        of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
                        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public 
                        Law 116-283).
                    ``(C) Annual briefing.--Each year, the Director 
                shall formally request a briefing from the Secretary of 
                Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the 
                Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Director of 
                National Intelligence, and as appropriate other 
                department or agency heads regarding their efforts to 
                preserve the United States' advantages generated by the 
                activity of the Directorate.
            ``(4) Interagency cooperation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this section, 
                the Director and other Federal research agencies, in 
                consultation with the United States Patent and 
                Trademark Office where appropriate, shall work 
                cooperatively with each other to further the goals of 
                this section in the key technology focus areas.
                    ``(B) Coordination with nist and department of 
                energy.--In making research awards under this section, 
                the Director shall, as appropriate, work in 
                coordination with the Director of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary 
                of Energy.
                    ``(C) Comptroller general report.--Each year, the 
                Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare 
                and submit a report to Congress, and shall 
                simultaneously submit the report to the Director and 
                the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
                Policy, describing the interagency cooperation that 
                occurred during the preceding year pursuant to this 
                paragraph, including a list of--
                            ``(i) any funds provided under paragraph 
                        (3)(A)(ii) to other divisions of the 
                        Foundation; and
                            ``(ii) any funds provided under paragraph 
                        (3)(A)(iii) to other Federal research agencies.
            ``(5) Providing scholarships, fellowships, and other 
        student support.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director, acting through the 
                Directorate, shall fund undergraduate scholarships 
                (including at community colleges), graduate fellowships 
                and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards in the key 
                technology focus areas.
                    ``(B) Implementation.--The Director may carry out 
                subparagraph (A) by providing funds--
                            ``(i) for making awards--
                                    ``(I) directly to students; and
                                    ``(II) to institutions of higher 
                                education or consortia of institutions 
                                of higher education, including those 
                                institutions or consortia involved in 
                                operating university technology centers 
                                established under paragraph (6); and
                            ``(ii) to programs in Federal research 
                        agencies that have experience awarding such 
                        scholarships, fellowships, traineeships, or 
                        postdoctoral awards.
                    ``(C) Broadening participation.--In carrying out 
                this paragraph, the Director should work to increase 
                the participation of underrepresented populations in 
                fields related to the key technology focus areas. For 
                that purpose, the Director may take such steps as 
                establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
                underrepresented populations, and supporting 
                traineeships or other relevant programs at institutions 
                of higher education with high enrollments of 
                underrepresented populations.
                    ``(D) Innovation.--In carrying out this paragraph, 
                the Director shall encourage innovation in graduate 
                education, including through encouraging institutions 
                of higher education to offer graduate students 
                opportunities to gain experience in industry or 
                government as part of their graduate training, and 
                through support for students in professional masters 
                programs related to the key technology focus areas.
                    ``(E) Supplement, not supplant.--The Director shall 
                ensure that funds made available under this paragraph 
                shall be used to create additional support for 
                postsecondary students and shall not displace funding 
                for any other available support.
            ``(6) University technology centers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--From amounts made available to 
                the Directorate, the Director shall, through a 
                competitive application and selection process, make 
                awards to institutions of higher education or consortia 
                described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) to establish 
                university technology centers.
                    ``(B) Uses of funds.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A center established 
                        under an award under subparagraph (A)--
                                    ``(I) shall use support provided 
                                under such subparagraph--
                                            ``(aa) to carry out basic 
                                        and translational research to 
                                        advance innovation in the key 
                                        technology focus areas; and
                                            ``(bb) to further the 
                                        development and 
                                        commercialization of 
                                        innovations, including 
                                        inventions, in the key 
                                        technology focus areas, 
                                        including--

                                                    ``(AA) innovations 
                                                derived from research 
                                                carried out under item 
                                                (aa), through such 
                                                activities as 
                                                translational research, 
                                                proof-of-concept 
                                                development, and 
                                                prototyping, in order 
                                                to reduce the cost, 
                                                time, and risk of 
                                                commercializing new 
                                                technologies;

                                                    ``(BB) to promote 
                                                patenting and 
                                                commercialization of 
                                                inventions derived from 
                                                research carried out 
                                                under item (aa); and

                                                    ``(CC) through the 
                                                use of public-private 
                                                partnerships; and

                                    ``(II) may use support provided 
                                under such subparagraph--
                                            ``(aa) for the costs of 
                                        equipment;
                                            ``(bb) for the costs 
                                        associated with technology 
                                        transfer and commercialization, 
                                        including patenting and 
                                        licensing; or
                                            ``(cc) for other activities 
                                        or costs necessary to 
                                        accomplish the purposes of this 
                                        section, including for 
                                        operations and staff.
                            ``(ii) Support of regional technology 
                        hubs.--Each center established under 
                        subparagraph (A) may support and participate 
                        in, as appropriate, the activities of any 
                        regional technology hub designated under 
                        section 28(b)(1)(A) of the Stevenson-Wydler 
                        Technology Innovation Act of 1980.
                    ``(C) Selection process.--In selecting recipients 
                under this paragraph, the Director shall consider--
                            ``(i) the capacity of the applicant to 
                        pursue and advance basic and translational 
                        research;
                            ``(ii) the extent to which the applicant's 
                        proposed research would be likely to advance 
                        American competitiveness in 1 or more key 
                        technology focus areas;
                            ``(iii) the extent to which the applicant's 
                        proposal would broaden participation by 
                        underrepresented populations in those areas;
                            ``(iv) the capacity of the applicant to 
                        engage industry, labor, and other appropriate 
                        organizations on any advances;
                            ``(v) whether the applicant's proposed 
                        research will, where applicable, contribute to 
                        growth in domestic manufacturing capacity and 
                        job creation;
                            ``(vi) the quality of plans for 
                        dissemination of research and technology 
                        results, in accordance with relevant export 
                        control laws;
                            ``(vii) how the applicant will, where 
                        applicable, encourage the training and 
                        participation of entrepreneurs and the 
                        translation of research results to practice, 
                        including the development of new businesses;
                            ``(viii) how the applicant will encourage 
                        the participation of inventors and 
                        entrepreneurs and the development of new 
                        businesses, where applicable;
                            ``(ix) regional and geographic diversity;
                            ``(x) in the case of a consortium, the 
                        extent to which the proposal includes 
                        institutions listed in paragraph 
                        (3)(A)(i)(III)(bb); and
                            ``(xi) the amount of funds from industry 
                        organizations described in subparagraph (D)(ii) 
                        the applicant would use towards establishing 
                        the center under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(D) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that 
                any institution of higher education or consortium 
                receiving an award under subparagraph (A) has--
                            ``(i) the capacity or the ability to 
                        acquire the capacity to advance the goals 
                        described in subsection (b)(1); and
                            ``(ii) secured contributions for 
                        establishing the center under subparagraph (A) 
                        from industry organizations in an amount not 
                        less than 10 percent of the total amount of the 
                        award the institution or consortium would 
                        receive under subparagraph (A).
            ``(7) Moving technology from laboratory to market.--
                    ``(A) Program authorized.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Director, in 
                        coordination with the Director of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, shall 
                        establish a program in the Directorate to make 
                        awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions 
                        of higher education or consortia described in 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III)--
                                    ``(I) to build capacity at an 
                                institution of higher education or 
                                within the consortium and facilitate 
                                collaboration with firms in the key 
                                technology focus areas to increase the 
                                likelihood that new technologies in the 
                                key technology focus areas will succeed 
                                in the commercial market; and
                                    ``(II) with the goal of promoting 
                                experiments with a range of models that 
                                institutions of higher education or 
                                consortia could use to--
                                            ``(aa) enable new 
                                        technologies and inventions to 
                                        mature to the point where the 
                                        technologies are more likely to 
                                        succeed in the commercial 
                                        market and promote the creation 
                                        of high-quality jobs in the 
                                        United States; and
                                            ``(bb) reduce the risks to 
                                        commercial success for new 
                                        technologies and inventions 
                                        earlier in their development.
                            ``(ii) Use for training.--An award under 
                        this subparagraph for a purpose described in 
                        subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i) may also 
                        enable the institution of higher education or 
                        consortium to provide training and support to 
                        scientists, engineers, and inventors who are 
                        interested in research, technology transfer, 
                        and commercialization, including patenting and 
                        licensing, if the use is included in the 
                        proposal submitted under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Proposals.--An institution of higher 
                education or consortium desiring an award under this 
                paragraph shall submit a proposal to the Director at 
                such time, in such manner, and containing such 
                information as the Director may require. The proposal 
                shall include a description of--
                            ``(i) the broader impact of the proposal;
                            ``(ii) the steps the applicant is studying 
                        or will take to enable technology transfer to 
                        reduce the risks for commercialization for new 
                        technologies, including how the applicant will 
                        collaborate with firms in the key technology 
                        focus areas;
                            ``(iii) why such steps are likely to be 
                        effective;
                            ``(iv) how such steps differ from previous 
                        efforts to reduce the risks for 
                        commercialization for new technologies;
                            ``(v) whether the commercial viability of 
                        any new technologies will promote the creation 
                        of high-quality jobs in the United States;
                            ``(vi) how the applicant will, where 
                        applicable, encourage the participation of 
                        inventors and entrepreneurs and the development 
                        of new businesses; and
                            ``(vii) how the applicant will, where 
                        applicable, encourage the training and 
                        participation of entrepreneurs and the 
                        translation of research results to practice, 
                        including the development of new businesses.
                    ``(C) Use of funds.--A recipient of an award under 
                this paragraph shall use award funds to reduce the 
                risks for commercialization for new technologies, which 
                may include--
                            ``(i) creating and funding competitions to 
                        allow entrepreneurial ideas from institutions 
                        of higher education or consortia described in 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) to illustrate their 
                        commercialization potential;
                            ``(ii) facilitating relationships among 
                        local and national business leaders, including 
                        investors, and potential entrepreneurs to 
                        encourage successful commercialization;
                            ``(iii) creating or supporting entities 
                        that could enable researchers to further 
                        develop new technology, through patient capital 
                        investment, advice, staff support, or other 
                        means;
                            ``(iv) providing facilities for start-up 
                        companies where technology maturation could 
                        occur;
                            ``(v) covering legal and other fees 
                        associated with technology transfer and 
                        commercialization, including patenting and 
                        licensing; and
                            ``(vi) revising institution policies, 
                        including policies related to intellectual 
                        property and faculty entrepreneurship, to 
                        accomplish the goals of this paragraph.
                    ``(D) Reporting on commercialization based on 
                metrics.--The Director shall establish--
                            ``(i) metrics related to commercialization 
                        for an award under this paragraph; and
                            ``(ii) a reporting schedule for recipients 
                        of such awards that takes into account both 
                        short- and long-term goals of the program under 
                        this paragraph.
            ``(8) Test beds.--
                    ``(A) Program authorized.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Director, in 
                        coordination with the Director of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, shall 
                        establish a program in the Directorate to make 
                        awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions 
                        of higher education or consortia described in 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) to establish and 
                        operate test beds and fabrication facilities to 
                        advance the operation, integration, deployment, 
                        and, as appropriate, manufacturing of new, 
                        innovative technologies in the key technology 
                        focus areas, which may include hardware or 
                        software. The goal of such test beds and 
                        facilities shall be to accelerate the movement 
                        of innovative technologies into the commercial 
                        market through the private sector.
                            ``(ii) Coordination.--In establishing the 
                        program under clause (i), the Director shall 
                        ensure coordination in establishing new test 
                        beds under this paragraph with other test beds 
                        supported by the Foundation or established 
                        under Manufacturing USA to avoid duplication 
                        and maximize the use of Federal resources.
                    ``(B) Proposals.--A proposal submitted under this 
                paragraph shall, at a minimum, describe--
                            ``(i)(I) the technology or technologies 
                        that will be the focus of the test bed or 
                        fabrication facility;
                            ``(II) the goals of the work to be done at 
                        the test bed or facility; and
                            ``(III) the expected schedule for 
                        completing that work;
                            ``(ii) how the applicant will assemble a 
                        workforce with the skills needed to operate the 
                        test bed or facility;
                            ``(iii) how the applicant will ensure broad 
                        access to the facility;
                            ``(iv) how the applicant will collaborate 
                        with firms in the key technology focus areas, 
                        including through coordinated research and 
                        development and funding, to ensure that work in 
                        the test bed or facility will contribute to the 
                        commercial viability of any technologies and 
                        will include collaboration from industry and 
                        labor organizations;
                            ``(v) how the applicant will encourage the 
                        participation of inventors and entrepreneurs 
                        and the development of new businesses;
                            ``(vi) how the applicant will increase 
                        participation by underrepresented populations;
                            ``(vii) how the applicant will demonstrate 
                        that the commercial viability of any new 
                        technologies will support the creation of high-
                        quality domestic jobs;
                            ``(viii) how the test bed or facility will 
                        operate after Federal funding has ended; and
                            ``(ix) how the test bed will disseminate 
                        lessons and other technical information to 
                        United States firms or allied or partner 
                        country firms in the United States.
                    ``(C) Awards.--Awards made under this paragraph 
                shall be for 7 years, with the possibility of 5-year 
                extensions.
                    ``(D) Authorized use of funds.--An awardee under 
                this paragraph may, in order to achieve the purposes 
                described in subparagraph (A)(i), use the award for the 
                purchase of equipment, the support of graduate students 
                and postdoctoral researchers, and the salaries of 
                staff.
                    ``(E) Results.--An awardee under this paragraph may 
                publish and share with the public the results of the 
                work conducted under this paragraph.
                    ``(F) Interagency semi-annual meetings.--The 
                Director, the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, and the heads of other 
                departments and agencies, or their designees, with test 
                bed related equities shall hold an annual meeting to 
                coordinate their respective test bed related 
                investments, future years plan, and other appropriate 
                matters, to avoid conflicts and duplication of efforts. 
                Upon request by Congress, Congress shall be briefed on 
                the results of the meetings.
            ``(9) Inapplicability.--Section 5(e)(1) shall not apply to 
        grants, contracts, awards, or other arrangements made under 
        this section.
    ``(e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of 
funds to carry out this section, the Director shall endeavor, for each 
fiscal year, to use--
            ``(1) not less than 35 percent of funds provided to the 
        Directorate for such year to carry out subsection (d)(6);
            ``(2) not less than 15 percent of such funds to carry out 
        the purpose of subsection (d)(5)--
                    ``(A) with the goal of awarding, across the key 
                technology focus areas--
                            ``(i) not fewer than 1,000 postdoctoral 
                        awards;
                            ``(ii) not fewer than 2,000 graduate 
                        fellowships and traineeships; and
                            ``(iii) not fewer than 1,000 undergraduate 
                        scholarships, including scholarships to attend 
                        community colleges;
                    ``(B) of which not less than 10 percent of the 
                funds designated under this paragraph shall be used to 
                support additional awards to focus on community college 
                training, education, and teaching programs that 
                increase the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, technology, engineering, and 
                mathematics, including technical programs through 
                programs such as the Advanced Technological Education 
                program;
                    ``(C) of which not less than 20 percent of the 
                funds designated under this paragraph shall be used to 
                support awards for post-doctorate fellowships, graduate 
                fellowships and traineeships, and undergraduate 
                scholarships through institutions of higher education, 
                and other institutions, located in jurisdictions that 
                participate in the Established Program to Stimulate 
                Competitive Research under section 113 of the National 
                Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 
                1862g); and
                    ``(D) if funds remain after carrying out 
                subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), awards to institutions 
                of higher education to enable the institutions to fund 
                the development and establishment of new or specialized 
                courses of education for graduate, undergraduate, or 
                technical college students;
            ``(3) not less than 5 percent of such funds to carry out 
        subsection (d)(7);
            ``(4) not less than 10 percent of such funds to carry out 
        subsection (d)(8);
            ``(5) not less than 15 percent of such funds to carry out 
        research and related activities pursuant to subclauses (I) and 
        (II) of subsection (d)(3)(A)(ii); and
            ``(6) not less than 20 percent of such funds to support 
        research in the key technology focus areas through the 
        Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under 
        section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization 
        Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).
    ``(f) Technical Assistance for Award Recipients and Applicants.--
The Director may--
            ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to establish 
        interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide technical 
        assistance to recipients of, and prospective applicants for, 
        awards under this section;
            ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement and notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law, transfer funds available to carry 
        out this section to the head of another Federal agency to 
        facilitate and support the provision of such technical 
        assistance; and
            ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to provide 
        such technical assistance.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations and Limitations.--
            ``(1) Authorization for the office of inspector general.--
        From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for a fiscal 
        year, there is authorized to be appropriated for necessary 
        expenses of the Office of Inspector General of the Foundation 
        an amount of not less than $10,000,000 in any fiscal year 
        appropriation for the Foundation, for oversight of the programs 
        and activities established under this section in accordance 
        with the Inspector General Act of 1978.
            ``(2) Supplement and not supplant.--The amounts authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section shall supplement, 
        and not supplant, any other amounts already appropriated to the 
        Foundation or Office of Inspector General of the Foundation, 
        except with respect to transfers described in paragraph (3).
            ``(3) Transfer of funds authority.--For fiscal years 2022 
        through 2024, the Director shall transfer any funds 
        appropriated to the Directorate to any other directorate or 
        office of the Foundation for activities directly related to the 
        key technology focus areas.
            ``(4) No new awards.--The Director shall not make any new 
        awards for the activities described in this section for any 
        fiscal year in which the total amount appropriated to the 
        Foundation (not including amounts appropriated for the 
        Directorate) is less than the total amount appropriated to the 
        Foundation (not including such amounts), adjusted by the rate 
        of inflation, for the previous fiscal year.
            ``(5) No funds for construction.--No funds provided under 
        this section shall be used for construction.
    ``(h) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section or any other 
amendments made to this Act by the Endless Frontier Act shall be 
construed to alter the mission of any directorate of the Foundation 
existing prior to the date of enactment of such Act, or to alter the 
award selection methods or criteria used by such directorates.''.
    (c) Chief Diversity Officer.--The National Science Foundation Act 
of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et seq.), as amended by subsection (b), is 
further amended by inserting after section 8A the following:

``SEC. 8B. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER.

    ``(a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
            ``(1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a Chief 
        Diversity Officer of the National Science Foundation.
            ``(2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer should 
        have significant experience with diversity and inclusion, in 
        particular within the Federal Government and science community.
            ``(3) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall report 
        directly to the Director in the performance of the duties of 
        the Chief Diversity Officer under this section.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with 
respect to matters of the National Science Foundation related to 
diversity and inclusion. Other duties may include--
            ``(1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that 
        publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for 
        the National Science Foundation;
            ``(2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                    ``(A) directly linked to key organizational 
                priorities and goals;
                    ``(B) actionable; and
                    ``(C) actively used to implement the strategic plan 
                under paragraph (1);
            ``(3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        diverse participation by institutions of higher education, 
        including community colleges, historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal colleges or universities, and other 
        minority-serving institutions (as such terms are defined in 
        section 8A(a)), and individuals;
            ``(4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and 
        underrepresented populations; and
            ``(5) performing such additional duties and exercise such 
        powers as the Director may prescribe.''.
    (d) Annual Report on Unfunded Priorities.--
            (1) Annual report.--Not later than 10 days after the date 
        on which the budget of the President for a fiscal year is 
        submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, 
        United States Code, the National Science Board shall submit to 
        the President and to Congress a report on the unfunded 
        priorities of the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Elements.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall provide--
                    (A) for each directorate of the National Science 
                Foundation for the most recent, fully completed fiscal 
                year--
                            (i) the proposal success rate;
                            (ii) the percentage and total funding of 
                        proposals that were not funded and that met the 
                        criteria for funding; and
                            (iii) the most promising research areas 
                        covered by proposals described in clause (ii); 
                        and
                    (B) a list, in order of priority, of the next 
                activities approved by the National Science Board to be 
                undertaken in the Major Research Equipment and 
                Facilities Construction account.
    (e) Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, acting through the 
        Directorate, shall establish a 5-year pilot program for 
        awarding grants to eligible partnerships to build research and 
        education capacity at emerging research institutions to enable 
        such institutions to contribute to programs run by the 
        Directorate.
            (2) Applications.--An eligible partnership seeking a grant 
        under this subsection shall submit an application to the 
        Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Director may reasonably require, including a 
        statement of how the partnership will use the funds awarded 
        through the grant to achieve a lasting increase in the research 
        and education capacity of each emerging research institution 
        included in the eligible partnership.
            (3) Activities.--An eligible partnership receiving a grant 
        under this subsection may use the funds awarded through such 
        grant for--
                    (A) faculty salaries and training;
                    (B) research experiences for undergraduate and 
                graduate students;
                    (C) maintenance and repair of research equipment 
                and instrumentation; and
                    (D) any other activities the Director determines 
                appropriate.
            (4) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation.
                    (B) Directorate; emerging research institution.--
                The terms ``Directorate'' and ``emerging research 
                institution'' have the meanings given such terms in 
                section 8A(a) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950, except that, with respect to the term ``emerging 
                research institution'', the reference in paragraph (4) 
                of such section to an award under section 8A of that 
                Act shall be deemed a reference to a grant under this 
                subsection.
                    (C) Eligible partnership.--The term ``eligible 
                partnership'' means a partnership of--
                            (i) at least 1 emerging research 
                        institution; and
                            (ii) at least 1 institution classified as a 
                        very high research activity by the Carnegie 
                        Classification of Institutions of Higher 
                        Education.

SEC. 4. ENDLESS FRONTIER FUND.

    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated a total of 
$112,410,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for the 
implementation of this Act and the amendments made by this Act. Such 
funds shall be available for the implementation of this Act and the 
amendments made by this Act, and shall be administered by the Director 
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (referred to in this 
section as the ``Director'').
    (b) Use of Funds.--
            (1) Submission of annual allocation.--Until the date on 
        which all of the amounts in the Fund described in subsection 
        (a) are expended, the Director shall annually submit to 
        Congress, together with the annual budget of the United States, 
        a list of allocations to agencies and departments to implement 
        this Act and the amendments made by this Act that includes a 
        detailed description of each program proposed to be funded, 
        including the estimated expenditures from the Fund for the 
        program for the applicable fiscal year.
            (2) Alternate allocation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Commerce, Justice, Science, 
                and Related Agencies Appropriations Act for the 
                relevant fiscal year may provide for alternate 
                allocation of amounts made available under this 
                section.
                    (B) Allocation by president.--
                            (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress 
                        has not enacted legislation establishing 
                        alternate allocations as described in 
                        subparagraph (A) by the date on which the Act 
                        making full-year appropriations for Commerce, 
                        Justice, Science, and Related Agencies for the 
                        applicable fiscal year is enacted into law, 
                        amounts made available under this section shall 
                        be allocated by the Director.
                            (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If 
                        Congress enacts legislation establishing 
                        alternate allocations for amounts made 
                        available under this section that are less than 
                        the full amount authorized to be appropriated 
                        to the Fund for that fiscal year under 
                        subsection (a), the difference between the 
                        amount authorized to be appropriated and the 
                        alternate allocation shall be allocated by the 
                        Director.
    (c) Limitation.--No funds provided under this section shall be used 
for construction, except in the case of infrastructure projects 
described in section 28(b)(1)(B) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 7(a) of 
this Act.
    (d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, during 
the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall make 
available, from amounts made available under subsection (a)--
            (1) $9,425,000,000 to the regional technology hub program 
        under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
        Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 7 of this 
        Act;
            (2) $575,000,000 to the comprehensive regional technology 
        strategy grant program under section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added 
        by section 8 of this Act, of which $100,000,000 shall be made 
        available for each of fiscal years 2022 and 2023 and 
        $125,000,000 shall be made available for each of fiscal years 
        2024 through 2026;
            (3) $100,000,000,000 to the Directorate for Technology and 
        Innovation of the National Science Foundation, of which 
        $5,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 2022, 
        $10,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 2023, 
        $20,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 2024, 
        $30,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 2025, 
        and $35,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 
        2026; and
            (4) $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022 
        through 2026 to the Manufacturing USA Program for activities 
        described under section 9 of this Act.

SEC. 5. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE, RESEARCH, 
              AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                Forestry, the Committee on Appropriations, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Banking, 
                Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on the 
                Budget, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural 
                Resources, the Committee on Finance, the Committee on 
                Foreign Relations, the Committee on Health, Education, 
                Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Homeland Security 
                and Governmental Affairs, the Committee on the 
                Judiciary, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of 
                the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Agriculture, the Committee on 
                Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Education and 
                Labor, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the 
                Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on 
                Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland Security, 
                the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee on 
                Oversight and Reform, the Committee on Science, Space, 
                and Technology, the Committee on Ways and Means, and 
                the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
                House of Representatives.
            (2) Key technology focus area.--The term ``key technology 
        focus area'' means an area included on the most recent list 
        under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science Foundation Act 
        of 1950.
            (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national 
        security strategy'' means the national security strategy 
        required by section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 
        (50 U.S.C. 3043).
    (b) Strategy and Report.--
            (1) In general.--In 2021 and in each year thereafter before 
        the applicable date set forth under paragraph (2), the Director 
        of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in coordination 
        with the Director of the National Economic Council, the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, the Secretary of 
        Commerce, the Secretary of Energy, the National Security 
        Council, the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and the 
        heads of other relevant Federal agencies and in consultation 
        with relevant nongovernmental partners, shall--
                    (A) review such strategy, programs, and resources 
                as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
                Policy determines pertain to United States national 
                competitiveness in science, research, innovation, and 
                technology transfer, including patenting and licensing, 
                to support the national security strategy;
                    (B) develop or revise a strategy for the Federal 
                Government to improve the national competitiveness of 
                the United States in science, research, and innovation 
                to support the national security strategy; and
                    (C) submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress--
                            (i) a report on the findings of the 
                        Director with respect to the review conducted 
                        under subparagraph (A); and
                            (ii) the strategy developed or revised 
                        under subparagraph (B).
            (2) Applicable dates.--In each year, the applicable date 
        set forth under this paragraph is as follows:
                    (A) In 2021, December 31, 2021.
                    (B) In 2022 and every year thereafter--
                            (i) in any year in which a new President is 
                        inaugurated, October 1 of that year; and
                            (ii) in any other year, the date that is 90 
                        days after the date of the transmission to 
                        Congress in that year of the national security 
                        strategy.
    (c) Elements.--
            (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of public and private investment 
                in civilian and military science and technology and its 
                implications for the geostrategic position and national 
                security of the United States.
                    (B) A description of the prioritized economic 
                security interests and objectives, including domestic 
                job creation, of the United States relating to science, 
                research, and innovation and an assessment of how 
                investment in civilian and military science and 
                technology can advance those objectives.
                    (C) An assessment of how regional efforts are 
                contributing and could contribute to the innovation 
                capacity of the United States, including--
                            (i) programs run by State and local 
                        governments; and
                            (ii) regional factors that are contributing 
                        or could contribute positively to innovation.
                    (D) An assessment of--
                            (i) workforce needs for competitiveness and 
                        national security in key technology areas; and
                            (ii) Federal support needed--
                                    (I) to expand domestic and 
                                international student pathways into key 
                                technology areas; and
                                    (II) to improve workforce 
                                development and employment systems, as 
                                well as programs and practices to 
                                upskill incumbent workers.
                    (E) An assessment of barriers to competitiveness in 
                key technology focus areas and barriers to the 
                development and evolution of start-ups, small and mid-
                sized business entities, and industries in key 
                technology focus areas.
                    (F) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national labs in supporting 
                and promoting technology commercialization and 
                technology transfer, including an assessment of the 
                adequacy of Federal research and development funding in 
                promoting competitiveness and the development of new 
                technologies.
                    (G) An assessment of manufacturing capacity, 
                logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export 
                sectors, including access to a skilled workforce, 
                physical infrastructure, and broadband network 
                infrastructure.
                    (H) An assessment of how the Federal Government is 
                increasing the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, research, innovation, and 
                manufacturing.
                    (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                Federal Government, Federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national laboratories in 
                transitioning technologies and processes that emerge 
                from Federally funded research to new domestic 
                manufacturing growth and job creation across sectors in 
                the United States.
            (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall include the following:
                    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or 
                minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take 
                advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in 
                regards to technology areas central to competition 
                between the United States and China, including the 
                following:
                            (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, 
                        and milestones for each relevant Federal 
                        agency.
                            (ii) Specific plans to support public and 
                        private sector investment in research, 
                        technology development, education and workforce 
                        development, and domestic manufacturing in key 
                        technology focus areas supportive of the 
                        national economic competitiveness of the United 
                        States and to foster the prudent use of public-
                        private partnerships.
                            (iii) Specific plans to promote 
                        environmental stewardship and fair competition 
                        for United States workers.
                            (iv) A description of--
                                    (I) how the strategy submitted 
                                under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports 
                                the national security strategy; and
                                    (II) how the strategy submitted 
                                under such subsection is integrated and 
                                coordinated with the most recent 
                                national defense strategy under section 
                                113(g) of title 10, United States Code.
                            (v) A plan to encourage the governments of 
                        countries that are allies or partners of the 
                        United States to cooperate with the execution 
                        of the strategy submitted under subsection 
                        (b)(1)(C)(ii), where appropriate.
                            (vi) A plan to encourage certain 
                        international and multilateral organizations to 
                        support the implementation of such strategy.
                            (vii) A plan for how the United States 
                        should develop local and regional capacity for 
                        building innovation ecosystems across the 
                        Nation by providing Federal support.
                            (viii) A plan for strengthening the 
                        industrial base of the United States.
                    (B) An identification of additional resources, 
                administrative action, or legislative action 
                recommended to assist with the implementation of such 
                strategy.
    (d) Form of Reports and Strategies.--Each report and strategy 
submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C) shall be submitted in unclassified 
form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 6. SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Critical industry.--The term ``critical industry'' 
        means--
                    (A) key technology focus areas, as defined in 
                section 8A(a) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950, as added by section 3(b) of this Act; and
                    (B) areas identified by the report in subsection 
                (f).
            (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given the term in the Critical 
        Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c).
            (3) Foreign entity.--The term ``foreign entity''--
                    (A) means--
                            (i) the government of a foreign country;
                            (ii) a foreign political party;
                            (iii) an individual who is not a protected 
                        individual (as defined in section 274B(a)(3) of 
                        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                        1324b(a)(3))); or
                            (iv) a partnership, association, 
                        corporation, organization, or other combination 
                        of persons organized under the laws of, or 
                        having its principal place of business in, a 
                        foreign country; and
                    (B) includes--
                            (i) any person owned by, controlled by, or 
                        subject to the jurisdiction or direction of, a 
                        person described in subparagraph (A);
                            (ii) any person, wherever located, that 
                        acts as an agent, representative, or employee 
                        of a person described in subparagraph (A);
                            (iii) any person that acts in any other 
                        capacity at the order or request, or under the 
                        direction or control, of--
                                    (I) a person described in 
                                subparagraph (A); or
                                    (II) a person, the activities of 
                                which are directly or indirectly 
                                supervised, directed, controlled, 
                                financed, or subsidized in whole or in 
                                majority part by a person described in 
                                subparagraph (A);
                            (iv) any person that directly or indirectly 
                        through any contract, arrangement, 
                        understanding, relationship, or otherwise owns 
                        not less than 25 percent of the equity 
                        interests of a person described in subparagraph 
                        (A);
                            (v) any person with significant 
                        responsibility to control, manage, or direct a 
                        person described in subparagraph (A);
                            (vi) any individual, wherever located, who 
                        is a citizen or resident of a country 
                        controlled by a person described in 
                        subparagraph (A); and
                            (vii) any corporation, partnership, 
                        association, or other organization organized 
                        under the laws of a country controlled by a 
                        person described in subparagraph (A).
            (4) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
        of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the ``SDN list'');
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as defined in section 
                2533c(d) of title 10, United States Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                            (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the ``Espionage Act'');
                            (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, 
                        United States Code;
                            (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the ``Economic 
                        Espionage Act of 1996'');
                            (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                        2751 et seq.);
                            (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of 
                        the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 
                        2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                            (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 
                        (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                            (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                        Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    (E) determined by the Secretary, in consultation 
                with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized 
                conduct that is detrimental to the national security or 
                foreign policy of the United States.
            (5) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) of the 
        National Science Foundation Act of 1950.
            (6) Program.--The term ``program'' means the supply chain 
        resiliency and crisis response program established under 
        subsection (b).
            (7) Relevant committees of congress.--The term ``relevant 
        committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Finance of the Senate;
                    (D) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
                    (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                    (F) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
                Senate;
                    (G) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives;
                    (H) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives;
                    (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (J) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (K) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House 
                of Representatives;
                    (L) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
                Representatives; and
                    (M) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the Department 
of Commerce a supply chain resiliency and crisis response program to 
carry out the activities described in subsection (d).
    (c) Mission and Priorities.--
            (1) Mission.--The mission of the program is to--
                    (A) ensure the leadership of the United States with 
                respect to industries that are essential to mid-term 
                and long-term national security and economic 
                competitiveness;
                    (B) promote, in partnership with the private sector 
                and other relevant stakeholders, the resiliency of 
                supply chains of the United States and allied or 
                partner countries; and
                    (C) encourage partnerships between the Federal 
                Government and industry, labor organizations, and 
                State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments in 
                order to better respond to supply chain crises.
            (2) Priorities.--The program shall--
                    (A) in partnership with the private sector, build 
                resilient and secure supply chains (including through 
                the mid-term and long-term diversification of key 
                supply chains, which shall include the support of 
                small- and medium-sized businesses) that can ensure the 
                access of the United States to critical goods and 
                services in the face of shocks, including pandemic and 
                biological threats, cyberattacks, extreme weather 
                events, terrorist and geopolitical attacks, great power 
                conflict, and other threats to national security, with 
                key parts of such resilience being--
                            (i) the diversification of key supply 
                        chains with allies or key partners; and
                            (ii) working with allies or key partners 
                        through agreements and other commitments; and
                    (B) support collaboration with allies or key 
                partners to collectively build and strengthen resilient 
                global supply chains, including through identifying 
                supply chain vulnerabilities, expanding productive 
                capacity, and stockpiling essential goods.
    (d) Activities.--Under the program, the Secretary, acting through 1 
or more bureaus or other divisions of the Department of Commerce as 
appropriate, shall carry out activities--
            (1) to map and monitor key supply chains and to identify 
        current and future key supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in 
        critical industries;
            (2) to develop or identify opportunities to build domestic 
        capacity, and cooperate with allies or key partners, to address 
        supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in critical industries;
            (3) to consult and collaborate with the Director of the 
        Office of Management and Budget, the Secretary of Defense, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of the Treasury, 
        the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Transportation, the 
        Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of State, the Director 
        of National Intelligence, the Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy, and, as appropriate, the heads of other 
        Federal departments and agencies to invest in urgent supply 
        chain gaps;
            (4) to encourage partnerships between the Federal 
        Government and industry, labor organizations, and State, local, 
        territorial, and Tribal governments to better respond to 
        crises;
            (5) to support the distribution of critical resources to 
        areas that have the greatest needs during crises;
            (6) to develop contingency plans to ensure a resilient 
        supply chain response for potential crises;
            (7) to ensure that allies and key partners have supply 
        chains that are capable of supporting critical industries; and
            (8) to enter into agreements and partnerships with allied 
        or partner governments to promote diversified and resilient 
        supply chains that ensure supply of critical goods to both the 
        United States and allied companies.
    (e) Authorities.--The Secretary may--
            (1) establish a unified coordination group to serve as the 
        primary method for coordinating between and among Federal 
        departments and agencies in response to known supply chain 
        risks as well as for integrating private sector partners into 
        efforts, as appropriate, to--
                    (A) study technical, engineering, and operational 
                data acquired on a voluntary basis from the private 
                sector, in a manner that ensures any data provided by 
                the private sector is kept confidential and as required 
                under section 552 of title 5, United States Code 
                (commonly known as the ``Freedom of Information Act'');
                    (B) directly receive whistleblower complaints with 
                appropriate protection; and
                    (C) identify key competitiveness challenges in 
                critical industries;
            (2) enter into agreements with allied or partner 
        governments regarding supply chain security assurances;
            (3) coordinate with other divisions of the Department of 
        Commerce and other Federal departments and agencies to leverage 
        existing authorities, as of the date of enactment of this Act, 
        to strengthen supply chain resilience; and
            (4) with the approval of the Committee on Appropriations of 
        the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives, transfer funds to, or receive funds from, 
        other departments and agencies to implement the program.
    (f) Report on Supply Chain Resiliency and Domestic Manufacturing.--
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
not less frequently than every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall 
submit to the relevant committees of Congress a review, in coordination 
with other relevant Federal departments and agencies--
            (1) identifying--
                    (A) technologies critical to economic 
                competitiveness and national security; and
                    (B) supplies critical to the crisis preparedness of 
                the United States, such as medical supplies, personal 
                protective equipment, disaster response necessities, 
                electrical generation technology, materials essential 
                to critical infrastructure operation or repair and 
                renovation, and other supplies identified by the 
                Secretary;
            (2) describing--
                    (A) the current domestic manufacturing base and 
                supply chains for those technologies and supplies, 
                including raw materials, production equipment, and 
                other goods essential to the production of those 
                technologies and supplies; and
                    (B) the ability of the United States to maintain 
                readiness and to surge produce those technologies and 
                supplies in response to an emergency;
            (3) identifying defense, intelligence, homeland, economic, 
        domestic labor supply, natural, geopolitical, or other 
        contingencies that may disrupt, strain, compromise, or 
        eliminate the supply chain for those technologies and supplies;
            (4) assessing the resiliency and capacity of the domestic, 
        allied, and partner manufacturing base, supply chains, and 
        workforce to support the need for those technologies and 
        supplies, including any single points of failure in those 
        supply chains;
            (5) assessing flexible manufacturing capacity available in 
        the United States in cases of emergency;
            (6) making specific recommendations to improve the security 
        and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and supply chains by--
                    (A) developing long-term strategies;
                    (B) increasing visibility throughout multiple 
                supplier tiers;
                    (C) identifying and mitigating risks, including the 
                financial and operational risks of a supply chain, 
                vulnerabilities to extreme weather events, 
                cyberattacks, pandemic and biological threats, 
                terrorist and geopolitical attacks, and other 
                emergencies, and exposure to gaps in domestic sourcing 
                and import exposure;
                    (D) identifying enterprise resource planning 
                systems that are compatible across supply chain tiers 
                and are affordable for small and medium-sized 
                businesses;
                    (E) understanding the total cost of ownership, 
                total value contribution, and other best practices that 
                encourage strategic partnerships throughout the supply 
                chain;
                    (F) understanding Federal procurement opportunities 
                to increase resiliency of supply chains for goods and 
                services and fill gaps in domestic purchasing;
                    (G) identifying policies to maximize domestic job 
                retention and creation, including workforce development 
                programs;
                    (H) identifying and mitigating risks associated 
                with allied or key partner countries in building more 
                resilient supply chains; and
                    (I) identifying such other services as the 
                Secretary considers necessary;
            (7) providing guidance on technologies and supplies to be 
        prioritized for assistance and other activities under the 
        Department of Commerce, the National Science Foundation, and 
        other relevant Federal agencies;
            (8) reviewing and, if appropriate, expanding the sourcing 
        of goods associated with critical technology areas from allies 
        or key partners, including recommendations for coordination 
        with allies or key partners on sourcing critical products; and
            (9) monitoring and strengthening the financial and 
        operational health of small and medium enterprises in domestic, 
        allied, and partner supply chains to mitigate risks and ensure 
        diverse, competitive supplier markets that are less vulnerable 
        to single points of failure.
    (g) Additional Hiring Authority.--
            (1) In general.--To the extent needed to carry out the 
        program, the Secretary may--
                    (A) utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 
                of title 5, United States Code, to staff the program 
                with employees from other Federal agencies, 
                institutions of higher education, and other 
                organizations as described in that section with 
                relevant experience in supply chain management and 
                investment in the same manner and subject to the same 
                conditions that apply to such individuals utilized to 
                accomplish other missions of the Department of 
                Commerce;
                    (B) appoint and fix the compensation of such 
                temporary personnel as may be necessary to implement 
                the requirements of this section relating to the 
                program, without regard to the provisions of title 5, 
                United States Code, governing appointments in the 
                competitive service; and
                    (C) appoint an individual appointed under 
                subparagraph (B), after serving continuously for not 
                less than 2 years, to a position in the Department of 
                Commerce in the same manner that an employee serving in 
                a position in the competitive service may be 
                transferred, reassigned, or promoted.
            (2) No reimbursement.--Any assignment provided under 
        paragraph (1)(A) shall be made without reimbursement.
            (3) Effect of appointment.--An individual appointed as 
        described in paragraph (1)(C) shall be considered to be 
        appointed under a career-conditional appointment, unless the 
        individual, as of the date on which the individual is 
        appointed, has completed a sufficient amount of creditable 
        service to attain a permanent career appointment.
    (h) Semiconductor Incentives.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out the program 
        established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (Public Law 116-283) as part of the program.
            (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section 9902(a)(1) 
        of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is 
        amended by striking ``in the Department of Commerce'' and 
        inserting ``as part of the program established under section 6 
        of the Endless Frontier Act''.
    (i) Report to Congress.--Concurrent with the annual submission by 
the President of a budget under section 1105 of title 31, United States 
Code, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant committees of Congress 
a report that contains a summary of all activities carried out under 
this section for the year covered by the report.
    (j) Coordination.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, as appropriate, 
coordinate with the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, 
including the Secretary of State and the United States Trade 
Representative, in the implementation of this program.
    (k) Rule of Construction Regarding Private Entities.--Nothing in 
this section shall be construed to require any private entity--
            (1) to request assistance from the Secretary; or
            (2) that requested such assistance from the Secretary to 
        implement any measure or recommendation suggested by the 
        Secretary.
    (l) Funding.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to carry out this 
        section, which shall remain available until expended.
            (2) Inspector general funding.--Of the amounts made 
        available in a fiscal year to carry out this section, not more 
        than 2 percent of those amounts shall be available to the 
        Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to conduct 
        oversight activities with respect to the program.
            (3) Transfers.--Of the amounts made available in a fiscal 
        year to carry out this section, the Secretary may transfer not 
        more than 5 percent of those amounts to the account under the 
        heading ``Department of Commerce--Salaries and Expenses'' to 
        provide for administration and oversight activities relating to 
        the program.

SEC. 7. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30; and
            (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public 
                Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology, the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Cooperative extension.--The term `cooperative 
        extension' has the meaning given the term `extension' in 
        section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
        3103).
            ``(3) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key technology 
        focus areas' means the areas included on the most recent list 
        under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science Foundation Act 
        of 1950.
            ``(4) Labor organization.--The term `labor organization' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) of the 
        National Science Foundation Act of 1950.
            ``(5) Large metropolitan communities.--The term `large 
        metropolitan community' means a metropolitan statistical area 
        with a population of more than 500,000.
            ``(6) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
        `manufacturing extension center' has the meaning given the term 
        `Center' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
            ``(7) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term `Manufacturing 
        USA institute' means an Manufacturing USA institute described 
        in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            ``(8) Mid-sized metropolitan communities.--The term `mid-
        sized metropolitan community' means a metropolitan statistical 
        area with a population of more than 200,000 and not more than 
        500,000.
            ``(9) Other technology and innovation sectors critical to 
        national and economic security.--The term `other technology and 
        innovation sectors critical to national and economic security' 
        means other technology and innovation sectors that the 
        Secretary determines are critical to national and economic 
        security.
            ``(10) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and 
        rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or 
        a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not 
        more than 200,000.
            ``(11) Venture development organization.--The term `venture 
        development organization' means a State or nonprofit 
        organization focused primarily toward strengthening regional 
        economic development through innovation by--
                    ``(A) accelerating the commercialization of 
                research and technology;
                    ``(B) strengthening the competitive position of 
                startups and industry through the development, 
                commercial adoption, or deployment of technology;
                    ``(C) providing financial grants, loans, or direct 
                investment to commercialize technology;
                    ``(D) pairing direct financial assistance under 
                subparagraph (C) with entrepreneurship, technological, 
                or business assistance to maximize the likelihood of 
                success for a venture and increased employment growth 
                for the region or a sector; and
                    ``(E) returning any proceeds gained from direct 
                financial assistance made using organization funds to 
                the organization for future reinvestment, 
                entrepreneurial assistance, and support of operations.
    ``(b) Regional Technology Hub Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
        program--
                    ``(A) to designate eligible consortia as regional 
                technology hubs that create the conditions, within a 
                region, to facilitate activities that--
                            ``(i) enable United States leadership in a 
                        key technology focus area, complementing the 
                        Federal research and development investments 
                        under section 8A of the National Science 
                        Foundation Act of 1950, or other technology and 
                        innovation sectors critical to national and 
                        economic security;
                            ``(ii) support regional economic 
                        development that diffuses innovation around the 
                        United States, enabling better broad-based 
                        growth and competitiveness in key technology 
                        focus areas;
                            ``(iii) support domestic job creation; and
                            ``(iv) otherwise support the purposes set 
                        forth under paragraph (2);
                    ``(B) to support regional technology hubs 
                designated under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation, 
                analysis, and dissemination of best practices for 
                regional development and competitiveness in technology 
                and innovation.
            ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of the program carried out 
        under paragraph (1) are as follows:
                    ``(A) To designate eligible consortia as regional 
                technology hubs throughout the United States that 
                create the conditions within a region to facilitate 
                activities that establish the global competitive edge 
                of the United States in the 21st century across a range 
                of technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                national and economic security, including to encourage 
                lower-cost but economically viable technology hubs in 
                the United States to reduce technology offshoring.
                    ``(B) To encourage new and constructive 
                collaboration among local, State, and Federal 
                government entities, academia, private industry, and 
                labor organizations to mobilize investment, talent, 
                entrepreneurship, and innovation for research, 
                development, deployment, and manufacturing in a range 
                of technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                national and economic security.
                    ``(C) To assist regions across the United States, 
                including small cities and rural areas--
                            ``(i) to develop and implement strategies 
                        through technology-based economic development 
                        practices, including infrastructure and 
                        workforce development, entrepreneurship and 
                        commercialization support, increasing access to 
                        capital, and building networks and systems to 
                        help bring ideas and businesses to market, and 
                        other relevant activities;
                            ``(ii) to improve domestic supply chains in 
                        technology and innovation sectors; and
                            ``(iii) to enable broad-based economic 
                        growth, job creation and competitiveness in the 
                        United States.
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for 
        Economic Development, in coordination with the Under Secretary 
        of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an 
eligible consortium is a consortium that--
            ``(1) includes 1 or more--
                    ``(A) institutions of higher education;
                    ``(B) local or Tribal governments or other 
                political subdivisions of a State;
                    ``(C) State governments represented by an agency 
                designated by the governor of the State or States that 
                is representative of the geographic area served by the 
                consortia;
                    ``(D) economic development organizations or similar 
                entities that are focused primarily on improving 
                science, technology, innovation, or entrepreneurship;
                    ``(E) industry or firms in relevant technology or 
                innovation sectors;
                    ``(F) labor organizations; and
                    ``(G) workforce training organizations, including 
                State and local workforce development boards as 
                established under section 101 of the Workforce 
                Investment and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111); and
            ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                    ``(A) nonprofit economic development entities with 
                relevant expertise, including a district organization 
                (as defined in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of 
                Federal Regulations, or successor regulation);
                    ``(B) for-profit entities with relevant expertise;
                    ``(C) venture development organizations;
                    ``(D) financial institutions and investment funds;
                    ``(E) primary and secondary educational 
                institutions, including career and technical education 
                schools;
                    ``(F) industry and industry associations;
                    ``(G) National Laboratories (as defined in section 
                2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    ``(H) Federal laboratories;
                    ``(I) manufacturing extension centers;
                    ``(J) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                    ``(K) institutions receiving an award under 
                paragraph (6) or (7) of section 8A(d) of the National 
                Science Foundation Act of 1950; and
                    ``(L) a cooperative extension.
    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology Hubs.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive 
        process for the designation of regional technology hubs under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A).
            ``(2) Number of regional technology hubs.--During the 5-
        year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the 
        Endless Frontier Act, the Secretary shall designate not fewer 
        than 10 and not more than 15 eligible consortia as regional 
        technology hubs under subsection (b)(1)(A), if the Secretary 
        has received a sufficient number of qualified applications and 
        appropriations to carry out this section.
            ``(3) Geographic distribution.--In conducting the 
        competitive process under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        ensure geographic distribution in the designation of regional 
        technology hubs by--
                    ``(A) aiming to designate regional technology hubs 
                in as many regions of the United States as possible; 
                and
                    ``(B) focusing on localities that have clear 
                potential and relevant assets for developing a self-
                sustaining competitive position in a technology or 
                innovation sector but have not yet become leading 
                technology centers.
            ``(4) Eligible consortia that serve small and rural 
        communities.--Under subsection (b)(1)(A), the Secretary shall 
        designate at least 3 eligible consortia that--
                    ``(A) serve small and rural communities; and
                    ``(B) have received a grant under section 29.
            ``(5) EPSCoR.--The Secretary shall ensure that, of the 
        eligible consortia designated as regional technology hubs under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A), not fewer than 5 of such consortia 
        include at least 1 State that is eligible to receive funding 
        from the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research 
        of the National Science Foundation.
            ``(6) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary may 
        not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant under 
        section 29 in order to be designated as a regional technology 
        hub under subsection (b)(1)(A) of this section.
    ``(e) Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
        subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(1) through the award of 
        grants or cooperative agreements to eligible consortia 
        designated under subparagraph (A) of such subsection.
            ``(2) Term.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term of a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded under paragraph (1) shall 
                be for such period as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
                    ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded to an eligible consortia 
                under paragraph (1) as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate if the Secretary determines pursuant to 
                subsection (i) that the performance of the eligible 
                consortia is satisfactory.
            ``(3) Matching required.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except in the case of an 
                eligible consortium described in subparagraph (B), the 
                total Federal financial assistance awarded in a given 
                year to an eligible consortium in support of the 
                eligible consortium's operation as a regional 
                technology hub under this section shall not exceed 
                amounts as follows:
                            ``(i) In first year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 90 percent of the total 
                        operating and maintenance costs of the regional 
                        technology hub in that fiscal year.
                            ``(ii) In second year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 85 percent of the total 
                        operating and maintenance costs of the regional 
                        technology hub in that fiscal year.
                            ``(iii) In third year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 80 percent of the total 
                        operating and maintenance costs of the regional 
                        technology hub in that fiscal year.
                            ``(iv) In fourth year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement and each year thereafter, 
                        75 percent of the total operating and 
                        maintenance costs of the regional technology 
                        hub in that fiscal year.
                    ``(B) Small and rural communities and indian 
                tribes.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The total Federal 
                        financial assistance awarded in a given year to 
                        an eligible consortium in support of the 
                        eligible consortium's operation as a regional 
                        technology hub under this section shall not 
                        exceed amounts as follows:
                                    ``(I) In the case of an eligible 
                                consortium that represents a small and 
                                rural community, in a fiscal year, 90 
                                percent of the total funding of the 
                                regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                                year.
                                    ``(II) In the case of an eligible 
                                consortium that is led by a Tribal 
                                government, in a fiscal year, 100 
                                percent of the total funding of the 
                                regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                                year.
                            ``(ii) Minimum threshold or rural 
                        representation.--The Secretary shall establish 
                        a minimum threshold of rural representation for 
                        purposes of clause (i)(I).
                    ``(C) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part 
                of the non-Federal share of the total funding of a 
                regional technology hub in a fiscal year.
            ``(4) Use of grant and cooperative agreement funds.--The 
        recipient of a grant or cooperative agreement awarded under 
        paragraph (1) shall use the grant or cooperative agreement for 
        multiple activities determined appropriate by the Secretary, 
        including--
                    ``(A) the permissible activities set forth under 
                section 27(c)(2); and
                    ``(B) activities in support of key technology focus 
                areas and other technology and innovation sectors 
                critical to national and economic security--
                            ``(i) to develop regional strategies for 
                        infrastructure and site development in support 
                        of the regional technology hub's plans and 
                        programs;
                            ``(ii) to support business activity that 
                        makes domestic supply chain more resilient and 
                        encourages the growth of coordinated multiparty 
                        systems in the United States and creation and 
                        growth of business entities;
                            ``(iii) to attract new private, public, and 
                        philanthropic investment in the region for 
                        developing innovation capacity, including 
                        establishing regional venture and loan funds, 
                        including through venture development 
                        organizations, for financing technology 
                        commercialization, new business formation, and 
                        business expansions;
                            ``(iv) to further the development, 
                        deployment, and domestic manufacturing of 
                        technologies in the key technology focus areas 
                        and other technology and innovation sectors 
                        critical to national and economic security, 
                        including innovations derived from research 
                        conducted at institutions of higher education 
                        or other research entities, including research 
                        conducted by federally-funded research and 
                        development centers, National Laboratories, 
                        Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA 
                        institutes, university technology centers 
                        established under paragraph (6) of section 
                        8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                        1950, the program established under paragraph 
                        (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds 
                        established and operated under paragraph (8) of 
                        such section 8A(d), or other Federal research 
                        entities, through activities that may include--
                                    ``(I) proof-of-concept development 
                                and prototyping;
                                    ``(II) technology transfer and 
                                commercialization, including patenting 
                                and licensing;
                                    ``(III) public-private partnerships 
                                in order to reduce the cost, time, and 
                                risk of commercializing new 
                                technologies;
                                    ``(IV) creating and funding 
                                competitions to allow entrepreneurial 
                                ideas to illustrate their 
                                commercialization and domestic job 
                                creation potential;
                                    ``(V) facilitating relationships 
                                between local and national business 
                                leaders and potential entrepreneurs to 
                                encourage successful commercialization;
                                    ``(VI) creating and funding not-
                                for-profit entities that could enable 
                                researchers at institutions of higher 
                                education and other research entities 
                                to further develop new technology, 
                                through patient funding, advice, staff 
                                support, or other means;
                                    ``(VII) providing facilities for 
                                start-up companies where technology 
                                maturation could occur; and
                                    ``(VIII) commercialization, 
                                deployment, and adoption of the 
                                technologies that lead to domestic 
                                manufacturing of such technologies;
                            ``(v) to develop the region's skilled 
                        workforce through the training and retraining 
                        of workers, partnerships with labor 
                        organizations, and skills-based education, 
                        including the alignment of career technical 
                        training and educational programs in the 
                        region's elementary and secondary schools and 
                        institutions of higher education; and
                            ``(vi) to carry out such other activities 
                        as the Secretary considers appropriate to 
                        improve United States competitiveness and 
                        regional economic development to support a key 
                        technology focus area and that would further 
                        the purposes of this section.
            ``(5) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under paragraph (1) to support the 
        construction of physical infrastructure shall be awarded 
        pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works and Economic 
        Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and subject to the 
        provisions of such Act, except that subsection (b) of such 
        section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 3144, 
        3161) shall not apply.
    ``(f) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as 
a regional technology hub under subparagraph (A) of subsection (b)(1) 
and support under subparagraph (B) of such subsection shall submit to 
the Secretary an application therefor at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
    ``(g) Considerations for Designation and Award of Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--In selecting an eligible consortium that 
        submitted an application under subsection (f) for designation 
        and support under subsection (b)(1), the Secretary shall 
        consider, at a minimum, the following:
                    ``(A) The potential of the eligible consortium to 
                advance the research, development, deployment, and 
                domestic manufacturing of technologies in a key 
                technology focus area or other technology or innovation 
                sector critical to national and economic security.
                    ``(B) The likelihood of positive regional economic 
                effect, including increasing the number of high wage 
                domestic jobs, and creating new economic opportunities 
                for economically disadvantaged and underrepresented 
                populations.
                    ``(C) How the eligible consortium plans to 
                integrate with and leverage the resources of 1 or more 
                federally-funded research and development centers, 
                National Laboratories, Federal laboratories, 
                Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership centers, university technology 
                centers established under paragraph (6) of section 
                8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, 
                the program established under paragraph (7) of such 
                section 8A(d), test beds established and operated under 
                paragraph (8) of such section 8A(d), or other Federal 
                research entities.
                    ``(D) How the eligible consortium will engage with 
                the private sector, including small- and medium-sized 
                businesses to commercialize new technologies and 
                improve the resiliency of domestic supply chains in a 
                key technology focus area or other technology or 
                innovation sector critical to national and economic 
                security.
                    ``(E) How the eligible consortium will carry out 
                workforce development and skills acquisition 
                programming, including through partnerships with 
                entities that include State and local workforce 
                development boards, institutions of higher education, 
                including community colleges, historically Black 
                colleges and universities, Tribal colleges and 
                universities, and minority serving institutions, labor 
                organizations, and workforce development programs, and 
                other related activities authorized by the Secretary, 
                to support the development of a key technology focus 
                area or other technology or innovation sector critical 
                to national and economic security.
                    ``(F) How the eligible consortium will improve 
                science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 
                education programs in the identified region in 
                elementary and secondary school and higher education 
                institutions located in the identified region to 
                support the development of a key technology focus area 
                or other technology or innovation sector critical to 
                national and economic security.
                    ``(G) How the eligible consortium plans to develop 
                partnerships with venture development organizations and 
                sources of private investment in support of private 
                sector activity, including launching new or expanding 
                existing companies, in a key technology focus area or 
                other technology or innovation sector critical to 
                national and economic security.
                    ``(H) How the eligible consortium plans to organize 
                the activities of regional partners across sectors in 
                support of the proposed regional technology hub, 
                including the development of necessary infrastructure 
                improvements and site preparation.
                    ``(I) How the eligible consortium will ensure that 
                growth in technology and innovation sectors produces 
                broadly shared opportunity across the identified 
                region, including for economic disadvantaged and 
                underrepresented populations and rural areas.
                    ``(J) The likelihood that the region served by the 
                eligible consortium will be able to become a self-
                sustaining globally leading technology hub once Federal 
                support ends.
            ``(2) Findings based on comprehensive regional technology 
        strategies.--The Secretary may use a comprehensive regional 
        technology strategy supported by a grant under section 29 as 
        the basis for making findings under paragraph (1) of this 
        subsection.
    ``(h) Coordination and Collaboration.--
            ``(1) Coordination with national institute of standards and 
        technology programs.--
                    ``(A) Coordination required.--The Secretary shall 
                coordinate the activities of regional technology hubs 
                designated under this title, the Hollings Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA 
                Program with each other to the degree that doing so 
                does not diminish the effectiveness of the ongoing 
                activities of a manufacturing extension center or a 
                Manufacturing USA institute.
                    ``(B) Elements.--Coordination by the Secretary 
                under subparagraph (A) may include the following:
                            ``(i) The alignment of activities of the 
                        Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
                        with the activities of regional technology hubs 
                        designated under this subsection, if 
                        applicable.
                            ``(ii) The alignment of activities of the 
                        Manufacturing USA Program and the Manufacturing 
                        USA institutes with the activities of regional 
                        technology hubs designated under this 
                        subsection, if applicable.
            ``(2) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The 
        Secretary shall, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, 
        coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology 
        hubs designated under subsection (b)(1)(A) with activities at 
        the Department of Energy and the National Laboratories that 
        were in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of 
        the Endless Frontier Act, to the degree that doing so does not 
        diminish the effectiveness of the ongoing activities or mission 
        of the Department of Energy and the National Laboratories.
            ``(3) Interagency collaboration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In selecting and assisting 
                regional technology hubs designated under subsection 
                (b)(1)(A), the Secretary--
                            ``(i) shall collaborate, to the extent 
                        possible, with the interagency advisory 
                        committee established under subparagraph (B);
                            ``(ii) shall collaborate with Federal 
                        departments and agencies whose missions 
                        contribute to the goals of the regional 
                        technology hub; and
                            ``(iii) may accept funds from other Federal 
                        agencies to support grants and activities under 
                        this title.
                    ``(B) Interagency coordinating council.--
                            ``(i) Establishment.--The Secretary shall 
                        establish an interagency coordinating council 
                        to coordinate with the Secretary in the 
                        designation of regional technology hubs under 
                        subparagraph (A) of subsection (b)(1) and in 
                        the selection of eligible consortia to receive 
                        support under subparagraph (B) of such 
                        subsection.
                            ``(ii) Composition.--The interagency 
                        coordinating council established under clause 
                        (i) shall be composed of the following (or 
                        their designees):
                                    ``(I) The Secretary of Commerce.
                                    ``(II) The Secretary of Education.
                                    ``(III) The Administrator of the 
                                Small Business Administration.
                                    ``(IV) The Deputy Secretary for 
                                Housing and Urban Development.
                                    ``(V) The Director of the Community 
                                Development Financial Institution Fund.
                                    ``(VI) The Director of the National 
                                Science Foundation.
                                    ``(VII) The Director of the 
                                National Institute of Standards and 
                                Technology.
                                    ``(VIII) The Director of the 
                                National Economic Council.
                                    ``(IX) The Assistant Secretary of 
                                Commerce for Economic Development.
                                    ``(X) The Assistant Secretary for 
                                Employment and Training.
                                    ``(XI) The Director of the Office 
                                of Science and Technology Policy.
                                    ``(XII) The Under Secretary of 
                                Defense for Research and Engineering.
                                    ``(XIII) The Under Secretary of 
                                Defense for Acquisition and 
                                Sustainment.
                                    ``(XIV) The Under Secretary for 
                                Science of the Department of Energy.
                                    ``(XV) The Director of the National 
                                Institutes of Health.
                                    ``(XVI) The Under Secretary for 
                                Science and Technology of the 
                                Department of Homeland Security.
                                    ``(XVII) The Administrator of the 
                                National Aeronautics and Space 
                                Administration.
                                    ``(XVIII) The Director of the 
                                Office of Management and Budget.
                                    ``(XIX) Such other Federal 
                                officials as the Secretary of Commerce 
                                considers appropriate.
                            ``(iii) Chairperson.--The Secretary shall 
                        be the chairperson of the interagency 
                        coordinating council established under clause 
                        (i).
            ``(4) Setting goals for federally funded regions served by 
        research in regional technology hubs.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director of the Office of 
                Science and Technology Policy and the Director of the 
                Office of Management and Budget shall coordinate with 
                the each head of a Federal agency that conducts 
                research to set goals for at least doubling the amount 
                of Federally-funded research awarded, as in effect on 
                the day before the date of the enactment of the Endless 
                Frontier Act, to regions served by regional technology 
                hubs designated under subsection (b)(1)(A).
                    ``(B) Annual reports.--Not less frequently than 
                once each year, the Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy and the Director of the Office of 
                Management and Budget shall submit to the appropriate 
                committees of Congress an annual report on progress 
                made relating to the goals set under subparagraph (A).
    ``(i) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and Accountability.--
            ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant 
        and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (e)(1) for a 
        regional technology hub, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) develop metrics to assess the effectiveness 
                of the activities funded in making progress toward the 
                purposes set forth under subsection (b)(2), which may 
                include--
                            ``(i) research supported in a key 
                        technology focus area;
                            ``(ii) commercialization activities 
                        undertaken by each regional technology hub that 
                        is designated and supported under subsection 
                        (b)(1);
                            ``(iii) educational and workforce 
                        development improvements undertaken by each 
                        regional technology hub that is designated and 
                        supported under subsection (b)(1);
                            ``(iv) sources of matching funds for each 
                        regional technology hub that is designated and 
                        supported under subsection (b)(1); and
                            ``(v) domestic job creation, patent awards, 
                        and business formation and expansion relating 
                        to the activities of the regional technology 
                        hub that is designated and supported under 
                        subsection (b)(1);
                    ``(B) establish standards for the performance of 
                the regional technology hub that are based on the 
                metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) 4 years after the initial award under 
                subsection (e)(1) and every 2 years thereafter until 
                Federal financial assistance under this section for the 
                regional technology hub is discontinued, conduct an 
                assessment of the regional technology hub to confirm 
                whether the performance of the regional technology hub 
                is meeting the standards for performance established 
                under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
            ``(2) Final reports by recipients of assistance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each 
                eligible consortium that receives a grant or 
                cooperative agreement under subsection (e)(1) for 
                support of a regional technology hub, as a condition of 
                receipt of such grant or cooperative agreement, submit 
                to the Secretary, not later than 90 days after the last 
                day of the term of the grant or cooperative agreement, 
                a report on the activities of the regional technology 
                hub supported by the grant or cooperative agreement.
                    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by 
                an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include the following:
                            ``(i) A detailed description of the 
                        activities carried out by the eligible 
                        consortium using the assistance described in 
                        subparagraph (A), including the following:
                                    ``(I) A description of each project 
                                the eligible consortium completed using 
                                such assistance.
                                    ``(II) An explanation of how each 
                                project described in subclause (I) 
                                achieves a specific goal under this 
                                section in the region of the regional 
                                technology hub of the eligible 
                                consortium with respect to--
                                            ``(aa) the resiliency of a 
                                        supply chain;
                                            ``(bb) research, 
                                        development, and deployment of 
                                        a critical technology;
                                            ``(cc) workforce training 
                                        and development;
                                            ``(dd) domestic job 
                                        creation; or
                                            ``(ee) entrepreneurship.
                            ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles 
                        encountered by the eligible consortium in the 
                        implementation of the regional technology hub 
                        and how the eligible entity overcame those 
                        obstacles.
                            ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the 
                        projects supported by the eligible consortium 
                        to implement the regional technology hub using 
                        the performance standards and measures 
                        established under paragraph (1), including an 
                        evaluation of the planning process and how the 
                        project contributes to carrying out the 
                        comprehensive strategy for the regional 
                        technology hub if the regional technology hub 
                        has such a strategy.
                            ``(iv) The effectiveness of the eligible 
                        consortium in ensuring that, in the region of 
                        the eligible consortium's regional technology 
                        hub, growth in technology and innovation 
                        sectors produces broadly shared opportunity 
                        across the region, including for economic 
                        disadvantaged and underrepresented populations 
                        and rural areas.
                            ``(v) Information regarding such other 
                        matters as the Secretary may require.
            ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of assistance.--In 
        addition to requiring submittal of final reports under 
        paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require an eligible 
        consortium described in such paragraph to submit to the 
        Secretary such interim reports as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate.
            ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than 
        once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the 
        assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C) 
        during the period covered by the report.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $9,425,000,000 
for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.''.
    (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
            (1) Competition required.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        Commerce shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1) 
        of section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
        of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by subsection (a).
            (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has 
        received at least 1 application under subsection (f) of such 
        section from an eligible consortium whom the Secretary 
        considers suitable for designation under subsection (b)(1)(A) 
        of such section, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) designate at least 1 regional technology hub 
                under subsection (b)(1)(A) of such section; and
                    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under 
                subsection (e)(1) of such section to each regional 
                technology hub designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
                of this paragraph.

SEC. 8. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT PROGRAM.

    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 
96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as amended by section 7, is further 
amended, by inserting after section 28, as added by such section, the 
following:

``SEC. 29. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Labor organization.--The term `labor organization' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) of the 
        National Science Foundation Act of 1950.
            ``(2) Regional technology hub.--The term `regional 
        technology hub' means a consortium designated as a regional 
        technology hub under section 28(b)(1)(A).
            ``(3) Small and rural communities; mid-sized metropolitan 
        communities; large metropolitan communities.--The terms `small 
        and rural communities', `mid-sized metropolitan communities', 
        and `large metropolitan communities' have the meanings given 
        such terms in section 28(a).
            ``(4) Technology and innovation sectors critical to 
        national and economic security.--The term `technology and 
        innovation sectors critical to national and economic security' 
        means technology and innovation sectors that the Secretary 
        determines are critical to national and economic security.
    ``(b) Grant Program Required.--The Secretary shall establish a 
program to award grants to eligible consortia to carry out projects--
            ``(1) to coordinate locally defined planning processes, 
        across jurisdictions and agencies, relating to developing a 
        comprehensive regional technology strategy;
            ``(2) to identify regional partnerships for developing and 
        implementing a comprehensive regional technology strategy;
            ``(3) to conduct or update assessments to determine 
        regional needs and promote economic and community development 
        related to the resiliency of a domestic supply chains, 
        competitiveness of the region, and domestic job creation in 
        technology and innovation sectors critical to national and 
        economic security;
            ``(4) to develop or update goals and strategies to 
        implement an existing comprehensive regional plan related to 
        enhancing the resiliency of domestic supply chains, 
        competitiveness of the region, and domestic job creation in 
        technology and innovation sectors critical to national and 
        economic security; and
            ``(5) to identify local zoning and other code changes 
        necessary to implement a comprehensive regional technology 
        strategy, including promoting sustainable development within 
        the identified region.
    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an 
eligible consortium is any consortium described by section 28(c).
    ``(d) Grants.--
            ``(1) Diversity of recipients.--In awarding grants under 
        this section, the Secretary shall ensure geographic diversity 
        among, and adequate representation from, each of the following:
                    ``(A) Small and rural communities.
                    ``(B) Mid-sized metropolitan communities.
                    ``(C) Large metropolitan communities.
            ``(2) Awards to small and rural communities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) award not less than 25 percent of the 
                        funds under this section to eligible consortia 
                        that represent all or part of a small and rural 
                        community; and
                            ``(ii) ensure diversity among the 
                        geographic regions and the size of the 
                        population of the communities served by 
                        recipients of grants that are eligible 
                        consortia that represent all or part of a small 
                        and rural community.
                    ``(B) Insufficient applications.--If the Secretary 
                determines that an insufficient number of sufficient 
                quality applications for grants under this section have 
                been submitted by eligible consortia that represent all 
                or part of a small and rural community, the Secretary 
                may reduce the percentage threshold set forth in 
                subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(3) Federal share.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Federal share of the cost of a 
                project carried out using a grant awarded under this 
                section may not exceed 80 percent.
                    ``(B) Exceptions.--
                            ``(i) Small and rural communities.--In the 
                        case of an eligible consortium that represents 
                        all or part of a small and rural community, the 
                        Federal share of the cost of a project carried 
                        out using a grant awarded under this section 
                        may be up to 90 percent of the total cost of 
                        the project.
                            ``(ii) Indian tribes.--In the case of an 
                        eligible consortium that is led by a Tribal 
                        government, the Federal share of the cost of a 
                        project carried out using a grant under the 
                        grant awarded under this section may be up to 
                        100 percent of the total cost of the project.
                    ``(C) Non-federal share.--
                            ``(i) In-kind contributions.--For the 
                        purposes of this paragraph, in-kind 
                        contributions may be used for all or part of 
                        the non-Federal share of the cost of a project 
                        carried out using a grant awarded under this 
                        section.
                            ``(ii) Other federal funding.--Federal 
                        funding from sources other than a grant awarded 
                        under this section may not be used for the non-
                        Federal share of the cost of a project carried 
                        out using a grant under this section.
            ``(4) Availability and obligation of grant amounts.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An eligible consortium that 
                receives a grant under this section shall, as a 
                condition on receipt of grant amounts--
                            ``(i) obligate any grant amounts received 
                        under this section not later than 1 year after 
                        the date on which the eligible consortium 
                        enters into an agreement under subsection (g); 
                        and
                            ``(ii) expend any grant amounts received 
                        under this section not later than 2 years after 
                        the date on which the eligible consortium 
                        enters into an agreement under subsection (g).
                    ``(B) Unobligated amounts.--After the date 
                described in subparagraph (A)(i), any amounts awarded 
                to an eligible consortium under this section that 
                remain unobligated by the eligible consortium shall be 
                returned to the Secretary and made available to the 
                Secretary for the award of grants to other eligible 
                consortia under this section.
    ``(e) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--An eligible consortium seeking a grant 
        under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application 
        therefor at such time and in such manner as the Secretary shall 
        prescribe.
            ``(2) Contents.--Each application submitted under paragraph 
        (1) shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A description of the boundaries of the region 
                served by the eligible consortium.
                    ``(B) A description of the research, technology 
                development, or manufacturing concentration of the 
                eligible consortium.
                    ``(C) A general assessment of the local industrial 
                ecosystem of the region described in subparagraph (A), 
                which may include assessment of workforce and training, 
                including partnerships with labor organizations, 
                supplier network, research and innovation, 
                infrastructure and site development, trade and 
                international investment, operational improvements, and 
                capital access components needed for manufacturing 
                activities in such region.
                    ``(D) A description of how a grant under this 
                section may assist in developing components of such 
                local industrial ecosystem (selected by the 
                consortium), including descriptions of--
                            ``(i) investments to address gaps in such 
                        ecosystem; and
                            ``(ii) how to make the research, technology 
                        development, and manufacturing of the region of 
                        the consortium uniquely competitive.
                    ``(E) A description of the process by which a 
                comprehensive regional technology strategy will be 
                developed by the eligible consortium to address gaps in 
                such local industrial ecosystem and to strengthen the 
                resiliency of supply chains, competitiveness of the 
                identified region, and domestic job creation in 
                technology and innovation sectors critical to national 
                and economic security.
                    ``(F) A budget for the projects that the eligible 
                consortium plans to carry out using grant amounts 
                awarded under this section, including the anticipated 
                Federal share of the cost of each project and a 
                description of the sources of the non-Federal share.
                    ``(G) The designation of a lead agency or 
                organization, which may be the eligible consortium, to 
                receive and manage any funds received by the eligible 
                consortium under this section.
                    ``(H) A signed copy of a memorandum of 
                understanding among members of the eligible consortium 
                that demonstrates--
                            ``(i) the creation of an eligible 
                        consortium;
                            ``(ii) a description of the nature and 
                        extent of planned collaboration between members 
                        of the eligible consortium; and
                            ``(iii) a commitment to develop a 
                        comprehensive regional technology strategy.
                    ``(I) Such other matters as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
            ``(3) Evaluation of applications.--The Secretary shall 
        evaluate each application received under paragraph (1) to 
        determine whether the applicant demonstrates--
                    ``(A) a significant level of regional cooperation 
                in their proposal;
                    ``(B) a focus on building a regional ecosystem to 
                attract and build upon research investment to develop, 
                deploy, and manufacture domestically critical 
                technologies that improve the resiliency of supply 
                chains, competitiveness of the identified region, and 
                the creation of quality jobs;
                    ``(C) the extent to which the consortium has 
                developed partnerships throughout an entire region, 
                including, as appropriate, partnerships with federally 
                funded research and development centers, National 
                Laboratories, Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA 
                institutes described in section 34(d) of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
                278s(d)), university technology centers established 
                under paragraph (6) of section 8A(d) of the National 
                Science Foundation Act of 1950, the program established 
                under paragraph (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds 
                established and operated under paragraph (8) of such 
                section 8A(d), or other Federal research entities;
                    ``(D) integration with local efforts in inclusive 
                economic development and job creation;
                    ``(E) a plan for implementing a comprehensive 
                regional technology strategy through regional 
                infrastructure, workforce, and supply chain investment 
                plans and local land use plans;
                    ``(F) diversity among the geographic regions and 
                the size of the population of the communities served by 
                recipients of grants under this section;
                    ``(G) a commitment to seeking substantial public 
                input during the planning process and public 
                participation in the development of the comprehensive 
                regional plan;
                    ``(H) a plan to support the creation and growth of 
                new companies; and
                    ``(I) such other qualities as the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.
    ``(f) Use of Grant Funds.--An eligible consortium that receives a 
grant under this section shall use the amount of such grant to carry 
out a project that includes 1 or more of the following activities:
            ``(1) Coordinating locally defined planning processes 
        across jurisdictions and agencies.
            ``(2) Identifying potential regional partnerships for 
        developing and implementing a comprehensive regional technology 
        strategy.
            ``(3) Conducting or updating assessments to determine 
        regional needs, which may include--
                    ``(A) workforce development;
                    ``(B) supply chain development;
                    ``(C) increasing innovation readiness, including 
                expanding research and technology development 
                facilities and developing the local science, 
                technology, engineering, and mathematics workforce;
                    ``(D) site preparation;
                    ``(E) community and economic development to start 
                new companies and to attract and support workers and 
                firms; and
                    ``(F) and other such needs as determined by the 
                consortium.
            ``(4) Developing or updating--
                    ``(A) a comprehensive regional plan; or
                    ``(B) goals and strategies to implement an existing 
                comprehensive regional plan for the purposes of 
                strengthening domestic supply chain resiliency, 
                competitiveness, and job creation in critical 
                technology and innovation sectors for national and 
                economic security.
            ``(5) Implementing local zoning and other code changes 
        necessary to implement a comprehensive regional plan and 
        promote sustainable development.
    ``(g) Grant Agreement.--Each eligible consortium that receives a 
grant under this section shall, as a condition on receipt of grant 
amounts, agree to establish, in coordination with the Secretary, 
performance measures, reporting requirements, and such other 
requirements as the Secretary determines are necessary, that must be 
met at the end of each year in which the eligible consortium receives 
funds under this section.
    ``(h) Reports by Recipients of Grants.--
            ``(1) Final reports.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
        on which a grant agreement into which an eligible consortium 
        entered under subsection (g) expires, the eligible consortium 
        shall submit to the Secretary a final report on the project the 
        eligible consortium carried out under subsection (f) using the 
        amounts of the grant awarded to the eligible consortium under 
        this section.
            ``(2) Contents.--Each report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A detailed explanation of the activities 
                undertaken using the grant, including an explanation of 
                how the comprehensive regional technology strategy of 
                the eligible consortium may achieve specific 
                improvements in domestic supply chain resiliency, 
                research, development, and deployment of critical 
                technologies, workforce development, domestic job 
                creation, and entrepreneurship goals within the region 
                served by the eligible consortium.
                    ``(B) A discussion of any obstacles encountered in 
                the planning process of the eligible consortium and how 
                the eligible consortium overcame the obstacles.
                    ``(C) An evaluation of the success of the project 
                using the performance standards and measures 
                established under subsection (g), including an 
                evaluation of the planning process and how the project 
                contributes to carrying out the comprehensive regional 
                technology strategy.
                    ``(D) The progress of the region identified by the 
                consortium toward becoming a regional technology hub.
                    ``(E) The effectiveness of the region identified by 
                the consortium in ensuring that growth in innovation 
                sectors produces broadly shared opportunity in the 
                region.
                    ``(F) Such other information as the Secretary may 
                require.
            ``(3) Interim reports.--The Secretary may require, as a 
        condition on receipt of a grant under this section, an eligible 
        consortium to submit an interim report, before the date on 
        which a project for which a grant is awarded under this section 
        is completed.
    ``(i) Technical Assistance for Grant Recipients and Applicants.--
The Secretary may--
            ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to establish 
        interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide technical 
        assistance to recipients of, and prospective applicants for, 
        grants under this section;
            ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement, transfer funds to 
        another Federal agency to facilitate and support the provision 
        of such technical assistance; and
            ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to provide 
        technical assistance to grant recipients and prospective 
        applicants for grants under this section.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary for the award of grants under 
        this section, to remain available until expended, amounts as 
        follows:
                    ``(A) $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 
                and 2023.
                    ``(B) $125,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 
                through 2026.
            ``(2) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may use not more 
        than 5 percent of the amounts made available under this 
        subsection for a fiscal year for technical assistance under 
        subsection (i).''.

SEC. 9. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (2) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) of the 
        National Science Foundation Act of 1950.
            (3) Manufacturing usa center.--The term ``Manufacturing USA 
        center'' means an institute described in section 34(d)(3)(B) of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)) and recognized by the Secretary under 
        such section for purposes of participation in the Manufacturing 
        USA Network.
            (4) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA institute'' means an institute described in section 34(d) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)) that is not a Manufacturing USA center.
            (5) Manufacturing usa network.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Network'' means the network established under section 34(c) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(c)).
            (6) Manufacturing usa program.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Program'' means the program established under section 
        34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).
            (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an eligible institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            (8) National program office.--The term ``National Program 
        Office'' means the National Program Office established under 
        section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).
            (9) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        college or university'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations To Enhance and Expand 
Manufacturing USA Program and Support Innovation and Growth in Domestic 
Manufacturing.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 
        for the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology and in 
        coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
        Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the 
        Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, to carry out the 
        Manufacturing USA Program and to expand such program to support 
        innovation and growth in domestic manufacturing.
            (2) Manufacturing usa institutes.--
                    (A) In general.--Of the amounts appropriated 
                pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in 
                paragraph (1), $1,190,000,000 shall be available to 
                support the establishment of new Manufacturing USA 
                institutes during the period described in such 
                paragraph.
                    (B) Financial assistance.--The Secretary shall 
                support the establishment of Manufacturing USA 
                institutes under subparagraph (A) through the award of 
                financial assistance under section 34(e) of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s(e)).
                    (C) Assignment of manufacturing usa institutes to 
                federal agency sponsors.--Following an open topic 
                competition organized by the Director of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology, the Secretary of 
                Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, 
                the Secretary of Defense, and other relevant Federal 
                agencies, may select an alternative Federal agency to 
                sponsor a selected Manufacturing USA institute based on 
                its technology and may transfer the appropriate funds 
                to that alternative Federal agency for operation and 
                programming of the selected Manufacturing USA 
                institute.
                    (D) Coordination with existing manufacturing usa 
                institutes.--
                            (i) Coordination required.--In establishing 
                        new Manufacturing USA institutes under 
                        subparagraph (A), the Secretary of Commerce 
                        shall coordinate with the Secretary of Energy 
                        and the Secretary of Defense to ensure there is 
                        no duplication of effort or technology focus 
                        between new Manufacturing USA institutes and 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes that were in 
                        effect before the establishment of the new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes.
                            (ii) Consultation with existing 
                        manufacturing usa institutes authorized.--In 
                        carrying out coordination under clause (i), the 
                        Secretary of Commerce may consult with 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes that were in 
                        effect before the establishment of new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes under subparagraph 
                        (A) to inform the Department of Commerce of 
                        additional new Manufacturing USA institutes 
                        necessary to fill gaps in the support of 
                        innovation and growth in domestic 
                        manufacturing.
                            (iii) Involvement of existing manufacturing 
                        usa institutes authorized.--In coordination 
                        with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary 
                        of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce may 
                        involve Manufacturing USA institutes that were 
                        in effect before the establishment of new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes under subparagraph 
                        (A) in the planning and execution of the new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes.
            (3) Manufacturing usa centers and public service grants.--
        Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
        appropriations in paragraph (1), $375,000,000 shall be 
        available for the period described in such paragraph--
                    (A) for the Secretary, acting through the Director 
                and in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the 
                Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other 
                Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers 
                relevant, to recognize additional institutes as 
                Manufacturing USA institutes under section 34(d)(3)(B) 
                of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)), giving particular 
                consideration to partnerships and coordination with the 
                Manufacturing USA institutes that were already in 
                effect, when practicable; and
                    (B) to support the activities of Manufacturing USA 
                institutes and Manufacturing USA centers through the 
                award of grants under section 34(f) of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
                278s(f)).
            (4) Commercialization, workforce training, and supply chain 
        investment.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $100,000,000 
        shall be available for the period described in such paragraph 
        to support such programming for commercialization, workforce 
        training, and supply chain activities across the Manufacturing 
        USA Network as the Secretary considers appropriate in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
        Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the 
        Secretary of Commerce considers relevant.
            (5) Ongoing support for existing manufacturing usa 
        institutes.--
                    (A) In general.--Of the amounts appropriated 
                pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in 
                paragraph (1), $725,000,000 shall be available for the 
                period described in such paragraph to support 
                Manufacturing USA institutes that were in effect on the 
                day before the date of the enactment of this Act, of 
                which $5,000,000 shall be available (without cost 
                share) to each such Manufacturing USA institute each 
                year for such period for ongoing operation of the 
                institutes, including operational overhead, workforce 
                training, and supply chain activities.
                    (B) Additional support.--
                            (i) In general.--Of the amounts specified 
                        in subparagraph (A), amounts shall be available 
                        for financial assistance awards to conduct 
                        projects as follows:
                                    (I) $100,000,000 shall be available 
                                for Manufacturing USA institutes that 
                                were established under section 34(e) of 
                                the National Institute of Standards and 
                                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) and 
                                that were in effect on the day before 
                                the date of the enactment of this Act.
                                    (II) $10,000,000 shall be available 
                                each year for the period described in 
                                such paragraph for each Manufacturing 
                                USA institute that is not receiving 
                                Manufacturing USA Program funding from 
                                any other Federal agency.
                            (ii) Federal funds matching requirement.--A 
                        recipient of financial assistance for a project 
                        under clause (i) shall agree to make available 
                        to carry out the project an amount of non-
                        Federal funds that is equal to or greater than 
                        20 percent of the total cost of the project.
                    (C) Renewal requirements.--Receipt of ongoing 
                support under subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the 
                requirements of section 34(e)(2)(B) of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
                278s(e)(2)(B)).
                    (D) No cost share requirement.--The Secretary shall 
                not impose any cost share or matching requirement on 
                receipt of ongoing support under subparagraph (A).
            (6) Management of interagency solicitations and ongoing 
        management.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $20,000,000 
        shall be available annually for the period described in such 
        paragraph for the National Program Office to coordinate the 
        activities of the Manufacturing USA Network and manage 
        interagency solicitations.
    (c) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and the activities of 
Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with each other to the 
degree that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness of the ongoing 
activities of a Manufacturing USA institute or a Center (as the term is 
defined in section 25(a) of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)), including Manufacturing USA 
institutes entering into agreements with a Center (as so defined) that 
the Secretary considers appropriate to provide services relating to the 
mission of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, including 
outreach, technical assistance, workforce development, and technology 
transfer and adoption assistance to small- and medium-sized 
manufacturers.
    (d) Worker Advisory Council for Manufacturing USA Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, 
                in coordination with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the 
                Secretary of Education, establish an advisory council 
                for the Manufacturing USA Program on the development 
                and dissemination of techniques, policies, and 
                investments for high-road labor practices, worker 
                adaptation and success with technological change, and 
                increased worker participation across the Manufacturing 
                USA Network.
                    (B) Membership.--The council established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be composed of not fewer than 15 
                members appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, of 
                whom--
                            (i) four shall be from labor organizations;
                            (ii) four shall be from educational 
                        institutions;
                            (iii) four shall be from labor-management 
                        training, workforce development, and nonprofit 
                        organizations, including those that focus on 
                        workforce diversity and inclusion; and
                            (iv) three shall be from industry 
                        organizations or manufacturing firms, including 
                        small- and medium-sized manufacturers.
                    (C) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                            (i) In general.--Each member of the council 
                        established under subparagraph (A) shall be 
                        appointed for a term of 3 years with the 
                        ability to renew the appointment for no more 
                        than 2 terms.
                            (ii) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to 
                        fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration 
                        of the term for which the member's predecessor 
                        was appointed shall be appointed only for the 
                        remainder of that term. A member may serve 
                        after the expiration of that term until a 
                        successor has been appointed.
                    (D) Meetings.--
                            (i) Initial meeting.--Not later than 180 
                        days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
                        the council established under subparagraph (A) 
                        shall hold the first meeting.
                            (ii) Additional meetings.--After the first 
                        meeting of the council, the council shall meet 
                        upon the call of the Secretary, and at least 
                        once every 180 days thereafter.
                            (iii) Quorum.--A majority of the members of 
                        the council shall constitute a quorum, but a 
                        lesser number of members may hold hearings.
                    (E) Chairperson and vice chairperson.--The 
                Secretary shall elect 1 member of the council 
                established under subparagraph (A) to serve as the 
                chairperson of the council and 1 member of the council 
                to serve as the vice chairperson of the council.
            (2) Duties of the council.--The council established under 
        paragraph (1)(A) shall provide advice and recommendations to 
        the Secretary of Commerce on matters concerning investment in 
        and support of the manufacturing workforce relating to the 
        following:
                    (A) Worker participation, including through labor 
                organizations, in the planning and deployment of new 
                technologies across an industry and within workplaces.
                    (B) Policies to help workers adapt to technological 
                change, including training and education priorities for 
                the Federal Government and for employer investments in 
                workers.
                    (C) Assessments of impact on workers of development 
                of new technologies and processes by the Manufacturing 
                USA institutes.
                    (D) Management practices that prioritize job 
                quality, worker protection, worker participation and 
                power in decision making, and investment in worker 
                career success.
                    (E) Policies and procedures to prioritize diversity 
                and inclusion in the manufacturing and technology 
                workforce by expanding access to job, career 
                advancement, and management opportunities for 
                underrepresented populations.
                    (F) Assessments of technology improvements achieved 
                by the Manufacturing USA institutes and the degree of 
                domestic deployment of each new technology.
                    (G) Such other matters as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
            (3) Report.--
                    (A) Appropriate committees of congress defined.--In 
                this paragraph, the term ``appropriate committees of 
                Congress'' means--
                            (i) the Committee on Health, Education, 
                        Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Commerce, 
                        Science, and Transportation, the Committee on 
                        Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on 
                        Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                        Appropriations of the Senate; and
                            (ii) the Committee on Education and Labor, 
                        the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                        Technology, the Committee on Energy and 
                        Commerce, the Committee on Armed Services, and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives.
                    (B) Report required.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date on which the council established under 
                paragraph (1)(A) holds its initial meeting under 
                paragraph (1)(D)(i) and annually thereafter, the 
                council shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress a report containing a detailed statement of 
                the advice and recommendations of the council pursuant 
                to paragraph (2).
            (4) Compensation.--
                    (A) Prohibition of compensation.--Members of the 
                Council may not receive additional pay, allowances, or 
                benefits by reason of their service on the Council.
                    (B) Travel expenses.--Each member shall receive 
                travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
                subsistence, in accordance with applicable provisions 
                under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United 
                States Code.
            (5) FACA applicability.--
                    (A) In general.--In discharging its duties under 
                this subsection, the council established under 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall function solely in an advisory 
                capacity, in accordance with the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
                    (B) Exception.--Section 14 of the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act shall not apply to the Council.
    (e) Participation of Minority-Serving Institutions, Historically 
Black Colleges and Universities, and Tribal Colleges and 
Universities.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in coordination 
        with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the 
        heads of such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of 
        Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with existing and 
        new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered entities 
        as active members of the Manufacturing USA institutes, 
        including through the development of preference criteria for 
        proposals to create new Manufacturing USA institutes or renew 
        existing Manufacturing USA institutes that include meaningful 
        participation from a covered entity or that are led by a 
        covered entity.
            (2) Covered entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a 
        covered entity is--
                    (A) a minority-serving institution;
                    (B) an historically Black college or university; or
                    (C) a Tribal college or university.
    (f) Department of Commerce Policies To Promote Domestic Production 
of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
            (1) Definition of domestic.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``domestic'', with respect to development or production means 
        development or production by, or with respect to source means 
        the source is, a person incorporated or formed in the United 
        States--
                    (A) that is not under foreign ownership, control, 
                or influence (FOCI) as defined in section 847 of the 
                National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
                (Public Law 116-92);
                    (B) whose beneficial owners, as defined in section 
                847 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92), are United States 
                persons;
                    (C) whose management are United States citizens;
                    (D) whose principal place of business is in the 
                United States; and
                    (E) who is not--
                            (i) a foreign incorporated entity that is 
                        an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity; or
                            (ii) any joint venture if more than 10 
                        percent of the joint venture (by vote or value) 
                        is held by a foreign incorporated entity that 
                        is an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity.
            (2) Policies.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the 
                Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other 
                Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers 
                relevant, shall establish policies to promote the 
                domestic production of technologies developed by the 
                Manufacturing USA Network.
                    (B) Elements.--The policies developed under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) Measures to partner domestic developers 
                        of goods, services, or technologies by 
                        Manufacturing USA Network activities with 
                        domestic manufacturers and sources of 
                        financing.
                            (ii) Measures to develop and provide 
                        incentives to promote transfer of intellectual 
                        property and goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities to domestic manufacturers.
                            (iii) Measures to assist with supplier 
                        scouting and other supply chain development, 
                        including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing 
                        Extension Partnership to carry out such 
                        measures.
                            (iv) A process to review and approve or 
                        deny membership in a Manufacturing USA 
                        institute by foreign-owned companies, 
                        especially from countries of concern, including 
                        the People's Republic of China.
                            (v) Measures to prioritize Federal 
                        procurement of goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by the Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities from domestic sources, as 
                        appropriate.
                    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies 
                established under this paragraph shall include 
                processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis, 
                for policies that promote domestic production based on 
                cost, availability, severity of technical and mission 
                requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
                needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, 
                or other factors deemed important to the success of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program.
            (3) Prohibition.--
                    (A) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section 
                847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 2509 
                note).
                    (B) In general.--A company of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program or the Manufacturing USA Network without a 
                waiver, as described in paragraph (2)(C).

SEC. 10. TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION REVIEW.

    (a) Key Technology Focus Areas Defined.--In this section, the term 
``key technology focus areas'' means the areas included on the most 
recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science Foundation 
Act of 1950.
    (b) Review and Recommendations Required.--Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the Director of 
the National Science Foundation and the Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, shall--
            (1) review--
                    (A) the structure of current technology research 
                and commercialization arrangements with regard to 
                public-private partnerships; and
                    (B) the extent to which intellectual property 
                developed with Federal funding--
                            (i) has been used by foreign business 
                        entities;
                            (ii) is being used to manufacture in the 
                        United States rather than in other countries; 
                        and
                            (iii) is being used by foreign business 
                        entities domiciled or by foreign business 
                        entities affiliated with or subsidiary to 
                        foreign business entities in the People's 
                        Republic of China.
            (2) develop recommendations for such legislative or 
        administrative action as may be necessary--
                    (A) to further incentivize industry participation 
                in public-private partnerships for the purposes of 
                accelerating technology research and commercialization, 
                including alternate ways of accounting for in-kind 
                contributions and value of partially manufactured 
                products;
                    (B) to ensure that intellectual property developed 
                with Federal funding is commercialized in the United 
                States; and
                    (C) to ensure that intellectual property developed 
                with Federal funding is not being used by foreign 
                business entities or by foreign business entities 
                affiliated with or subsidiary to foreign business 
                entities domiciled in the People's Republic of China; 
                and
            (3) submit to the Secretary of Commerce and Congress--
                    (A) the findings of the Director of the Office of 
                Science and Technology Policy with respect to the 
                reviews conducted under paragraph (1); and
                    (B) the recommendations developed under paragraph 
                (2).

SEC. 11. STUDY ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FACED BY 
              THE UNITED STATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS THEM.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``National 
Strategy to Ensure American Leadership Act of 2021'' or the ``National 
SEAL Act of 2021''.
    (b) Study.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce (referred to in 
        this section as the ``Secretary'') shall seek to enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine to conduct a study--
                    (A) to identify the 10 most critical emerging 
                science and technology challenges facing the United 
                States; and
                    (B) to develop recommendations for legislative or 
                administrative action to ensure United States 
                leadership in matters relating to such challenges.
            (2) Elements.--The study conducted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include identification, review, and evaluation of the 
        following:
                    (A) Matters pertinent to identification of the 
                challenges described in paragraph (1)(A).
                    (B) Matters relating to the recommendations 
                developed under paragraph (1)(B), including with 
                respect to education and workforce development 
                necessary to address each of the challenges identified 
                under paragraph (1)(A).
                    (C) Matters related to the review of key technology 
                areas by the Directorate for Technology and Innovation 
                of the National Science Foundation under section 8A(d) 
                of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.
                    (D) An assessment of the current relative balance 
                in leadership in addressing the challenges identified 
                in paragraph (1)(A) between the United States, allies 
                or key partners of the United States, and the People's 
                Republic of China.
            (3) Timeframe.--
                    (A) Agreement.--The Secretary shall seek to enter 
                into the agreement required by paragraph (1) on or 
                before the date that is 60 days after the date of 
                enactment of this Act.
                    (B) Findings.--Under an agreement entered into 
                under paragraph (1), the National Academies of 
                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall, not later 
                than 1 year after the date on which the Secretary and 
                the National Academies enter into such agreement, 
                transmit to the Secretary the findings of the National 
                Academies with respect to the study conducted pursuant 
                to such agreement.
    (c) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date on 
        which the Secretary receives the findings of the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect 
        to the study conducted under subsection (b), the Secretary 
        shall submit to Congress a ``Strategy to Ensure American 
        Leadership'' report on such study.
            (2) Contents.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following:
                    (A) The findings of the National Academies of 
                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect to the 
                study conducted under subsection (b).
                    (B) The conclusions of the Secretary with respect 
                to such findings.
                    (C) The recommendations developed under subsection 
                (b)(1)(B).
                    (D) Such other recommendations for legislative or 
                administrative action as the Secretary may have with 
                respect to such findings and conclusions.
            (3) Classified annex.--The report submitted under paragraph 
        (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
        classified annex if the Secretary determines appropriate.
    (d) Information From Federal Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--The National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine may secure directly from a Federal 
        department or agency such information as the National Academies 
        of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consider necessary to 
        carry out the study under subsection (b).
            (2) Furnishing information.--On request of the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for 
        information, the head of the department or agency shall furnish 
        such information to the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine.
    (e) Consultation.--The Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
National Intelligence shall provide support upon request from the 
Secretary of Commerce or the National Academies to carry out this 
section.
    (f) Non-Duplication of Effort.--In carrying out subsection (b), the 
Secretary shall, to the degree practicable, coordinate with the 
steering committee established under section 236(a) of the William M. 
(Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (Public Law 116-283).

SEC. 12. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

    The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the 
Director of the National Economic Council, the Director of the Office 
of Management and Budget, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Energy 
shall, as applicable, coordinate with respect to activities of--
            (1) the university technology centers established under 
        section 8A(d)(6) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
        1950;
            (2) the regional technology hubs under section 28 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, as added by 
        section 7;
            (3) the Manufacturing USA Program established under section 
        34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1));
            (4) Federally funded research and development centers;
            (5) National Laboratories, as defined in section 2 of the 
        Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801); and
            (6) Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3703).

SEC. 13. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 
(Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under 
section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) may receive 
or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other activity 
under--
            (1) section 8A of the National Science Foundation Act of 
        1950 (Public Law 81-507), as added by section 3;
            (2) the Endless Frontier Fund under section 4;
            (3) the supply chain resiliency program under section 6;
            (4) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 
        7(a);
            (5) section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 
        8; or
            (6) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded 
        under section 9.
                                 <all>