Title: Department of Defense Climate Resiliency and Readiness Act
Policy area: Armed Forces and National Security

Summary:
Department of Defense Climate Resiliency and Readiness Act
This bill requires the Department of Defense (DOD) to provide a strategy to achieve aggregate net zero energy by non-operational sources by no later than December 31, 2029. The term "net zero energy" means a reduction in overall energy use, maximized energy efficiency, implementation of energy recovery and cogeneration capabilities, and an offset of the remaining demand for energy with production of energy from onsite renewable energy sources.
Annual DOD budget submissions must include an item for climate-related adaptation and mitigation, as well as an estimate of adverse impacts to readiness and costs.
Regarding DOD procurement (1) contracts must contain an estimate of total projected energy consumption and a statement concerning renewable energy and energy efficiency investments; (2) contractors must evaluate climate change risks, including by describing relevant corporate governance processes; and (3) a contractor will be assessed a fee if it consumes more energy than it produces.
DOD must develop a vulnerability and risk assessment tool to measure risks to systems, installations, and operational capabilities.
Strategic decisions regarding an installation must consider risks associated with climate change, and DOD shall incorporate these into the National Defense Strategy, the National Military Strategy, and operational plans.
DOD shall conduct a research and development program concerning hybrid microgrid systems and electric grid energy storage.
With respect to base realignment and closure activities, DOD shall consider current and potential vulnerabilities to military installations and operations resulting from climate change and their resilience.
The bill establishes the position of Assistant Secretary of Defense of Energy and Climate Resiliency.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1498 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1498

  To require the Secretary of Defense to enhance the readiness of the 
 Department of Defense to challenges relating to climate change and to 
 improve the energy and resource efficiency of the Department, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 15, 2019

Ms. Warren (for herself, Mr. Schatz, and Mr. Whitehouse) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                             Armed Services

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To require the Secretary of Defense to enhance the readiness of the 
 Department of Defense to challenges relating to climate change and to 
 improve the energy and resource efficiency of the Department, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Department of Defense Climate 
Resiliency and Readiness Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Climate change.--The term ``climate change'' means a 
        change of climate that is--
                    (A) attributed directly or indirectly to human 
                activity that alters the composition of the global 
                atmosphere; and
                    (B) in addition to natural climate variability 
                observed over comparable time periods.
            (2) Congressional defense committees.--The term 
        ``congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.
            (3) Net zero energy.--The term ``net zero energy'' means, 
        with respect to each installation of the Department of Defense, 
        a reduction in overall energy use, maximization of energy 
        efficiency, and implementation and use of energy recovery and 
        cogeneration capabilities at each installation, and an offset 
        of the remaining demand for energy with production of energy 
        from onsite renewable energy sources at such installation, such 
        that such installation produces as much energy as it uses over 
        the course of a year.
            (4) Resiliency.--The term ``resiliency'' means, with 
        respect to each installation of the Department of Defense, an 
        anticipation, preparation for, and adaptation of each 
        installation to utility disruptions and changing environmental 
        conditions, and the achievement and maintenance by such 
        installation of the capability to withstand, respond to, and 
        recover rapidly from utility disruptions while ensuring the 
        sustainment of mission-critical operations.
            (5) Non-operational sources.--The term ``non-operational 
        sources''--
                    (A) means fixed installations, enduring locations, 
                and non-tactical vehicles of the Department of Defense; 
                and
                    (B) does not include sources in connection with the 
                training, moving, and sustaining of the Armed Forces 
                and weapons platforms for military operations and 
                training, including tactical power systems and 
                generators at non-enduring locations of the Department 
                of Defense.
            (6) Renewable energy source.--The term ``renewable energy 
        source'' has the meaning given that term in section 2924(6) of 
        title 10, United States Code.
            (7) United states.--The term ``United States'' means the 
        several States, the District of Columbia, and any territory or 
        possession of the United States.

SEC. 3. NET ZERO ENERGY BY NON-OPERATIONAL SOURCES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 
              DEFENSE.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Defense shall achieve aggregate 
net zero energy in use of energy by non-operational sources by not 
later than December 31, 2029.
    (b) Strategy.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall 
        submit to Congress a report setting forth the strategy of the 
        Department of Defense to achieve the requirement under 
        subsection (a).
            (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        set forth the following:
                    (A) The strategy of the Department of Defense to 
                achieve the requirement under subsection (a) for all 
                installations under the jurisdiction of the Department 
                (other than the military departments).
                    (B) The strategy of each military department to 
                achieve the requirement under subsection (a) for all 
                installations under the jurisdiction of such 
                department.
                    (C) An assessment of the manner in which the 
                achievement by the Department of Defense of the 
                requirement under subsection (a) will enhance the 
                readiness of the Armed Forces to address threats posed 
                by Russia, China, Iran, North Korea, and violent 
                extremism.
            (3) Biennial update.--Not later than two years after the 
        submittal of the report required by paragraph (1), and every 
        two years thereafter through December 31, 2029, the Secretary 
        shall submit to Congress a report setting forth the following:
                    (A) A current assessment of the progress of the 
                Department of Defense in implementing the strategy 
                described in paragraph (1), set forth by military 
                department, Defense Agency, and other component or 
                element of the Department.
                    (B) Any updates to the strategy.
            (4) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
        National Academy of Sciences and a federally funded research 
        and development center in developing the report required by 
        paragraph (1) and any update to that report under paragraph 
        (3).
    (c) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense may waive the 
        requirement in subsection (a) if the Secretary--
                    (A) determines that achievement of such requirement 
                would adversely affect operational safety, force 
                protection, or the national security interests of the 
                United States; and
                    (B) submits to the congressional defense committees 
                a written notification of the waiver, together with a 
                justification for the waiver.
            (2) Period.--The period of any waiver under paragraph (1) 
        may not exceed 30 days.
            (3) Renewal.--Any waiver under this subsection may be 
        renewed one or more times, in the manner provided for the 
        initial such waiver under paragraph (1) and for the period 
        provided for in paragraph (2).

SEC. 4. CLIMATE-CONSCIOUS BUDGETING OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Defense shall include in the 
annual budget submission of the President under section 1105(a) of 
title 31, United States Code--
            (1) a dedicated budget line item for adaptation to, and 
        mitigation of, climate-related risks to military networks, 
        systems, installations, facilities, and other assets and 
        capabilities of the Department of Defense; and
            (2) an estimate of the anticipated adverse impacts to the 
        readiness of the Department and the financial costs to the 
        Department during the year covered by the budget of the loss 
        of, or damage to, military networks, systems, installations, 
        facilities, and other assets and capabilities of the 
        Department, including loss of or obstructed access to training 
        ranges, as a result of climate change.
    (b) Disaggregation of Impacts and Costs.--The estimate under 
subsection (a)(2) shall set forth the adverse readiness impacts and 
financial costs under that subsection by military department, Defense 
Agency, and other component or element of the Department.

SEC. 5. INCLUSION IN ANNUAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND RESILIENCE REPORT OF 
              DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OF LIST OF MILITARY INSTALLATIONS 
              THAT EMIT THE MOST CARBON AND ESTIMATE OF ENERGY 
              CONSUMPTION BY DEPARTMENT.

    (a) In General.--For every fiscal year beginning after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall include in 
the Annual Energy Management and Resilience Report for that fiscal 
year--
            (1) a list of the ten installations within each military 
        department that emit the most carbon;
            (2) an estimate of all energy consumption by the Department 
        of Defense, including greenhouse gas emissions; and
            (3) an assessment of greenhouse gas emissions at all 
        installations of the Department, disaggregated by operational 
        and non-operational sources.
    (b) Metrics.--In determining energy consumption and greenhouse gas 
emissions under paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall use metrics established by the Under Secretary of Defense for 
Acquisition and Sustainment, in consultation with the National Academy 
of Sciences and a federally funded research and development center.

SEC. 6. CLIMATE-CONSCIOUS CONTRACTING OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 137 of title 10, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following new section:
``Sec. 2339b. Requirements relating to energy consumption and climate 
              change
    ``(a) Projected Energy Consumption.--Each Department of Defense 
contract for the procurement of property or services entered into on or 
after October 1, 2019, shall include a written estimate by the 
Department of the total projected energy consumption of all work to be 
performed under the contract, and a statement of whether the contract 
will include investments by the contractor or the Department in 
renewable energy or energy-efficient sources.
    ``(b) Policy on Consideration of Certain Factors in Determinations 
To Award Contracts.--In making any determination to enter into a 
contract described in subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall 
take into account--
            ``(1) whether the contractor verifiably produces as much 
        renewable energy as the total energy it consumes; and
            ``(2) whether there is any order against the contractor by 
        the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Justice, 
        or a State attorney general to pay a fine or take remedial 
        action for a violation of an environmental law or regulation of 
        the United States.
    ``(c) Disclosure of Climate-Related Risks.--Each prospective 
contractor with the Department of Defense shall, as a prerequisite of 
bidding for a contract with the Department, submit a detailed statement 
to the Department that includes information regarding--
            ``(1) the identification of, the evaluation of potential 
        financial impacts of, and any risk-management strategies 
        relating to--
                    ``(A) physical risks posed to the contractor by 
                climate change; and
                    ``(B) transition risks posed to the contractor by 
                climate change; and
            ``(2) a description of any established corporate governance 
        processes and structures to identify, assess, and manage 
        climate-related risks.
    ``(d) Assessment of Fees To Combat Climate Change.--(1) Each 
Department of Defense contract for the procurement of property or 
services entered into on or after October 1, 2019, shall include a 
requirement that the contractor pay to the Department of Defense a fee 
equal to one percent of the value of the contract in the case of a 
contractor that is not, at the time of the Department's solicitation of 
the contract, verifiably producing as much renewable energy as the 
total energy it consumes.
    ``(2) Any contractor required to pay a fee under paragraph (1) with 
respect to a contract may not offset the cost of such fee by increasing 
the amount of the proposal for such contract.
    ``(e) Waiver.--(1) The Secretary of Defense may waive the 
requirements in subsections (a) and (b) if the Secretary--
            ``(A)(i) determines that such requirements would adversely 
        affect operational safety, force protection, or the national 
        security interests of the United States; or
            ``(ii) with respect to particular property or services, 
        determines that--
                    ``(I) market conditions for the property or 
                services have adversely affected (or will in the near 
                future adversely affect) the acquisition of the 
                property or services by the Department of Defense; and
                    ``(II) the waiver will expedite or facilitate the 
                acquisition of the property or services; and
            ``(B) submits to the congressional defense committees a 
        written notification of the waiver, together with a 
        justification for the waiver.
    ``(2) The period of any waiver under paragraph (1) may not exceed 
30 days.
    ``(3) Any waiver under this subsection may be renewed one or more 
times, in the manner provided for the initial such waiver under 
paragraph (1) and for the period provided for in paragraph (2).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 137 of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 2339a the following new item:

``2339b. Requirements relating to energy consumption and climate 
                            change.''.
    (c) Energy and Climate Resiliency Fund.--
            (1) In general.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund, to be known as the ``Energy and 
        Climate Resiliency Fund'' (in this subsection referred to as 
        the ``Fund''), to be administered by the Secretary of Defense.
            (2) Use of amounts.--Amounts deposited in the Fund shall be 
        used only for climate-related improvements that contribute to 
        the continued operational viability and the resiliency of the 
        networks, systems, installations, facilities, and other assets 
        and capabilities of the Department of Defense.
            (3) Deposit and availability of amounts.--Notwithstanding 
        section 3302 of title 31, United States Code, fees collected 
        under section 2339b(b) of title 10, United States Code, as 
        added by subsection (a)--
                    (A) shall be deposited into the Fund to carry out 
                the activities described in paragraph (2);
                    (B) to the extent and in the amounts provided in 
                advance in appropriations Acts, shall be available to 
                the Secretary of Defense; and
                    (C) shall remain available until expended.
            (4) Climate-related improvements defined.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``climate-related improvements'' means 
        efforts by the Department of Defense to prepare for, or 
        mitigate the effects of, the following:
                    (A) Extreme weather.
                    (B) Rising sea tides.
                    (C) Increased flooding.
                    (D) Drought.
                    (E) Desertification.
                    (F) Wildfires.
                    (G) Thawing permafrost.
                    (H) Such other conditions as the Secretary 
                determines necessary.

SEC. 7. DEVELOPMENT OF CLIMATE VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall develop a climate 
vulnerability and risk assessment tool to assist the military 
departments in measuring how the risks associated with climate change 
impact networks, systems, installations, facilities, and other assets, 
as well as the operational plans and capabilities of the Department of 
Defense.
    (b) Consultation.--In developing the tool under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall consult with the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency, the Secretary of Energy, the Administrator of the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of 
the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Commander of the Army 
Corps of Engineers, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, a federally funded research and development 
center, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies as the 
Secretary of Defense determines appropriate.
    (c) Prevailing Scientific Consensus.--Before completing development 
of the tool under subsection (a), the Secretary shall obtain from the 
National Academy of Sciences and a federally funded research and 
development center with which the Secretary has consulted under 
subsection (b) a certification in writing that the tool contains a 
methodology that adequately incorporates the prevailing scientific 
consensus on climate change.
    (d) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        congressional defense committees a report describing the tool 
        developed under subsection (a).
            (2) Classified annex.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified 
        annex if necessary.
            (3) Publication.--Upon submittal of the report under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall publish the unclassified 
        portion of the report on an internet website of the Department 
        that is available to the public.
    (e) Updates to Tool.--
            (1) In general.--After submittal of the report under 
        subsection (d), the Secretary of Defense shall update the 
        climate vulnerability and risk assessment tool developed under 
        subsection (a) as the Secretary considers necessary and 
        appropriate, in consultation with the individuals and entities 
        described in subsection (b) and consistent with the prevailing 
        scientific consensus as required under subsection (c).
            (2) Report and publication.--Upon completing an update to 
        the tool under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    (A) submit to the congressional defense committees 
                a report describing such update; and
                    (B) publish the unclassified version of such report 
                on an internet website of the Department that is 
                available to the public.

SEC. 8. ANNUAL REPORT ON EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON DEPARTMENT OF 
              DEFENSE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report 
on vulnerabilities to military installations and combatant commander 
requirements resulting from climate change that builds upon the report 
submitted under section 335(c) of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115-91; 131 Stat. 1358).
    (b) Use of Climate Vulnerability and Risk Assessment Tool.--In 
preparing the report required by subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
use the climate vulnerability and risk assessment tool developed under 
section 7.
    (c) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
the following:
            (1) An explanation of the underlying methodology behind the 
        climate vulnerability analysis conducted in preparing the 
        report under section 335(c) of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018.
            (2) An assessment of how climate change affects low-lying 
        military installations, military installations of the Navy and 
        the Marine Corps, and military installations outside the United 
        States.
            (3) An assessment of how climate change affects access of 
        members of the Armed Forces to training ranges.
            (4) With respect to a military installation in a country 
        outside the United States, an assessment of the collaboration 
        between the Department of Defense and the military or civilian 
        agencies of the government of that country or nongovernmental 
        organizations operating in that country to adapt to risks from 
        climate change.
            (5) An assessment of how climate change affects housing 
        safety and food security on military installations.
            (6) An assessment of the strategic benefits derived from 
        isolating infrastructure of the Department of Defense in the 
        United States from the national electric grid and the use of 
        energy-efficient, distributed, and smart power grids by the 
        Armed Forces in the United States and overseas to ensure 
        affordable access to electricity.
            (7) A list of the ten military installations within each 
        military department that are most vulnerable to climate change 
        based on the effects of the following:
                    (A) Geographic location.
                    (B) Extreme weather.
                    (C) Rising sea tides.
                    (D) Increased flooding.
                    (E) Drought.
                    (F) Desertification.
                    (G) Wildfires.
                    (H) Thawing permafrost.
                    (I) Such other categories as the Secretary 
                determines necessary.
            (8) A climate vulnerability score, determined by the 
        Secretary, for each military installation of the Department.
            (9) An overview of mitigations, in addition to current 
        efforts undertaken by the Department, that may be necessary to 
        ensure the continued operational viability and to increase the 
        resiliency of the vulnerable military installations identified 
        under paragraph (7), and the estimated costs of those 
        mitigations.
            (10) An assessment of how adapting to climate change 
        impacts the readiness of the Armed Forces to address the 
        threats posed by Russia, China, Iran, North Korea, and violent 
        extremism.
    (d) Consultation.--In developing each report under subsection (a), 
the Secretary of Defense shall consult with the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Energy, the 
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the 
Commander of the Army Corps of Engineers, the Administrator of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, a federally funded 
research and development center, and the heads of such other relevant 
Federal agencies as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate.
    (e) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified annex if 
necessary.
    (f) Publication.--Upon submittal of the report required by 
subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall publish the unclassified 
portion of the report on an internet website of the Department of 
Defense that is available to the public.

SEC. 9. INCORPORATION OF CLIMATE RESILIENCY INTO EXISTING STRATEGIES OF 
              THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.

    (a) Consideration of Risks of Climate Change in Making Strategic 
Decisions Relating to Military Installations.--The Secretary of each 
military department, with respect to any installation under the 
jurisdiction of that Secretary, and the Secretary of Defense, with 
respect to any installation of the Department of Defense that is not 
under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of a military department, shall 
consider the risks associated with climate change when making any 
strategic decision relating to such installation, including where to 
locate such installation and where to position equipment, 
infrastructure, and other military assets.
    (b) Codification of Directive on Climate Change.--
            (1) In general.--Directive 4715.21 of the Department of 
        Defense, dated January 14, 2016, and entitled ``Climate Change 
        Adaptation and Resilience'', shall remain in effect.
            (2) Reports on implementation of directive.--Each posture 
        statement submitted to Congress by the Secretary of a military 
        department, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, or the 
        commander of a combatant command shall include a description of 
        the implementation and discharge by such official of the 
        Directive referred to in paragraph (1), including the personnel 
        assigned to implement and discharge the Directive and the 
        progress achieved in such implementation and discharge.
    (c) Incorporation of Climate Change Into Certain Defense 
Strategies.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
        with the heads of other elements of the intelligence community, 
        the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
        Secretary of Energy, the Administrator of the National Oceanic 
        and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the 
        Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Commander of the Army 
        Corps of Engineers, the Administrator of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the heads of such 
        other relevant Federal agencies as the Secretary of Defense 
        determines appropriate, shall incorporate climate change into 
        the National Defense Strategy, the National Military Strategy, 
        and operational plans of the Department of Defense.
            (2) Intelligence community defined.--In this subsection, 
        the term ``intelligence community'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
        U.S.C. 3003).
    (d) Implementation and Discharge of Requirements.--
            (1) Cross-functional team on incorporation of climate 
        resiliency into defense strategies.--Among the cross-functional 
        teams established by the Secretary of Defense pursuant to 
        subsection (c) of section 911 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 
        Stat. 2345; 10 U.S.C. 111 note) in support of the 
        organizational strategy for the Department of Defense required 
        by subsection (a) of that section, the Secretary shall 
        establish a cross-functional team on the implementation and 
        discharge of the requirements under this section.
            (2) Establishment and activities.--The cross-functional 
        team required by paragraph (1) shall be established in 
        accordance with subsection (c) of section 911 of the National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, and shall be 
        governed in its activities in accordance with the provisions of 
        such subsection (c).
            (3) Deadline for establishment.--The cross-functional team 
        required by paragraph (1) shall be established by not later 
        than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ON ENERGY 
              STORAGE, HYBRID MICROGRID, AND ENERGY RESILIENCY.

    (a) Program Required.--The Secretary of Defense, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Energy, shall conduct a program of research, 
development, and demonstration of hybrid microgrid systems and electric 
grid energy storage.
    (b) Multidisciplinary Teams.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the program under 
        subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall organize 
        activities among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, expertise from the Department of 
        Energy, the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
        education, and the private sector.
            (2) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams organized under 
        paragraph (1) shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driven, and 
        basic research, development, and demonstration goals to carry 
        out the program under subsection (a).
            (3) Resources.--The Secretary of Defense shall provide 
        sufficient resources to the multidisciplinary teams organized 
        under paragraph (1) to achieve the goals described in paragraph 
        (2) over a 10-year period.
    (c) Areas of Focus.--The program under subsection (a) shall focus 
on--
            (1) addressing electrical power intermittency;
            (2) integrating renewable energy sources into microgrid 
        systems, hybrid microgrid systems, energy storage, grid 
        security, and local generation of zero-carbon fuels;
            (3) the inspection and structural health monitoring of 
        critical energy infrastructure;
            (4) materials, electric thermal, electromechanical, and 
        electrochemical systems research;
            (5) power conversion technologies research;
            (6) developing and using fuel-efficient engines;
            (7) additive manufacturing;
            (8) developing--
                    (A) empirical and science-based industry standards 
                to compare the storage capacity, cycle length and 
                capabilities, and reliability of different types of 
                electricity storage; and
                    (B) validation and testing techniques;
            (9) other fundamental and applied research critical to 
        widespread deployment of electricity storage;
            (10) device development that builds on results from 
        research described in paragraphs (4), (5), and (9), including 
        combinations of power electronics, advanced optimizing 
        controls, and energy storage as a general purpose element of 
        the electric grid;
            (11) micro-scale testing and analysis of storage devices, 
        including test-beds and field trials;
            (12) microgrid systems and hybrid microgrid systems to 
        increase the resilience of critical infrastructure of the 
        Department of Defense;
            (13) the potential for energy storage and renewable 
        resources, including wind, solar, and hydropower, to be 
        integrated into microgrid systems or hybrid microgrid systems 
        of installations of the Department of Defense;
            (14) the capacity of the workforce of the Department of 
        Defense to operate, maintain, and repair a microgrid system or 
        hybrid microgrid system;
            (15) opportunities to develop the capacity to operate, 
        maintain, and repair a hybrid microgrid system;
            (16) leveraging existing capacity within local or regional 
        research organizations, such as organizations based at 
        institutions of higher education, to support development of 
        hybrid microgrid systems, including by testing novel components 
        and systems prior to field deployment;
            (17) electricity storage device safety and reliability, 
        including potential failure modes, mitigation measures, and 
        operational guidelines;
            (18) standards for performance, control interface, grid 
        interconnection, and interoperability of electricity storage 
        devices;
            (19) maintaining a public database of energy storage 
        projects, policies, codes, standards, and regulations; and
            (20) such other criteria as the Secretary of Defense, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Energy, determines 
        appropriate.
    (d) Collaboration.--The program under subsection (a) shall be 
carried out in collaboration with relevant stakeholders, including, as 
appropriate--
            (1) States;
            (2) Indian tribes;
            (3) regional entities and regulators;
            (4) units of local government;
            (5) institutions of higher education, including 
        historically Black colleges or universities and other minority-
        serving institutions; and
            (6) private sector entities.
    (e) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until 2031, the 
        Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense 
        committees a report on the efforts to implement the program 
        under subsection (a), including any strategy developed to 
        implement such program.
            (2) Classified annex.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified 
        annex if necessary.
            (3) Publication.--Upon submittal of the report under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall publish the unclassified 
        portion of the report on an internet website of the Department 
        that is available to the public.
    (f) Assistance to States.--The Secretary of Defense may provide 
technical and financial assistance to States, Indian tribes, units of 
local government, institutions of higher education, or private sector 
entities to participate in or use research, development, or 
demonstration of technology developed under this section.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of Defense to carry out this section the 
following:
            (1) For fiscal year 2020, $10,000,000.
            (2) For fiscal year 2021, $25,000,000.
            (3) For fiscal year 2022, $50,000,000.
            (4) For fiscal year 2023, $75,000,000.
            (5) For fiscal year 2024, $125,000,000.
            (6) For fiscal year 2025, $200,000,000.
            (7) For each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030, 
        $250,000,000.
    (h) No Effect on Other Provisions of Law.--Nothing in this section 
authorizes regulatory actions that would duplicate or conflict with 
regulatory requirements, mandatory standards, or related processes 
under section 215 of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 824o).
    (i) Use of Funds.--To the maximum extent practicable, in carrying 
out this section, the Secretary of Defense shall ensure that the use of 
funds to carry out this section is coordinated with the Secretary of 
Energy and among different offices within the Grid Modernization 
Initiative of the Department of Energy and other programs conducting 
energy storage research.
    (j) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322(2) of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061(2)).
            (2) Hybrid microgrid system.--The term ``hybrid microgrid 
        system'' means a stand-alone electrical system that--
                    (A) is comprised of conventional generation and at 
                least one alternative energy resource; and
                    (B) may use grid-scale energy storage.
            (3) Microgrid system.--The term ``microgrid system'' means 
        a standalone electrical system that uses grid-scale energy 
        storage.
            (4) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).

SEC. 11. CONDITIONS ON BASE REALIGNMENT AND CLOSURE ACTIVITIES FUNDED 
              THROUGH BASE CLOSURE ACCOUNT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.

    (a) Consideration of Factors Required.--With respect to any Base 
Realignment and Closure round begun by the Department of Defense after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Department shall consider 
current and potential vulnerabilities to installations and operations 
of the Department of Defense resulting from climate change and the 
resiliency of installations of the Department as described in section 
2(3)(B).
    (b) Base Realignment and Closure Round Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``Base Realignment and Closure round'' means base realignment 
and closure activities, including real property acquisition and 
military construction projects, as authorized by the Defense Base 
Closure and Realignment Act of 1990 (part A of title XXIX of Public Law 
101-510; 10 U.S.C. 2687 note) and funded through the Department of 
Defense Base Closure Account established by section 2906 of such Act 
(as amended by section 2711 of the Military Construction Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (division B of Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 
2140)).

SEC. 12. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE AND OF THE MILITARY DEPARTMENTS 
              FOR ENERGY AND CLIMATE RESILIENCY.

    (a) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy and Climate 
Resiliency.--
            (1) In general.--Section 138 of title 10, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``13'' and 
                inserting ``14''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the 
                following new paragraph:
    ``(5) One of the Assistant Secretaries is the Assistant Secretary 
of Defense for Energy and Climate Resiliency. The principal duty of the 
Assistant Secretary shall be the overall supervision of energy and 
climate resiliency matters of the Department of Defense.''.
            (2) Duties.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall prescribe 
        the duties of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy and 
        Climate Resiliency under section 138(b)(5) of title 10, United 
        States Code (as added by paragraph (1)). In prescribing such 
        duties, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) specify the duties currently performed by the 
                Assistant Secretary of Defense for Installations, 
                Energy, and the Environment that shall be performed 
                instead by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for 
                Energy and Climate Resiliency; and
                    (B) specify the duties and responsibilities of the 
                Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy and Climate 
                Resiliency for oversight of the implementation of the 
                requirements of this Act by the Department of Defense.
    (b) Assistant Secretaries of the Military Departments.--
            (1) Department of the army.--Section 7016 of such title is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``five'' and 
                inserting ``six''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the 
                following new paragraph:
    ``(6) One of the Assistant Secretaries shall be the Assistant 
Secretary of the Army for Energy and Climate Resiliency. The principal 
duty of the Assistant Secretary shall be the overall supervision of 
energy and climate resiliency matters of the Department of the Army.''.
            (2) Department of the navy.--Section 8016 of such title is 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``four'' and 
                inserting ``five''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the 
                following new paragraph:
    ``(5) One of the Assistant Secretaries shall be the Assistant 
Secretary of the Navy for Energy and Climate Resiliency. The principal 
duty of the Assistant Secretary shall be the overall supervision of 
energy and climate resiliency matters of the Department of the Navy.''.
            (3) Department of the air force.--Section 9016 of such 
        title is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``four'' and 
                inserting ``five''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the 
                following new paragraph:
    ``(5) One of the Assistant Secretaries shall be the Assistant 
Secretary of the Air Force for Energy and Climate Resiliency. The 
principal duty of the Assistant Secretary shall be the overall 
supervision of energy and climate resiliency matters of the Department 
of the Air Force.''.
            (4) Duties.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, each Secretary of a military department 
        shall prescribe the duties of the Assistant Secretary of such 
        military department for energy and climate resiliency under the 
        applicable amendments made by this subsection. In prescribing 
        such duties, such Secretary shall--
                    (A) specify the duties currently performed by the 
                Assistant Secretary of such military department for 
                installations, energy, and the environment that shall 
                be performed instead by the Assistant Secretary of such 
                military department for energy and climate resiliency; 
                and
                    (B) specify the duties and responsibilities of the 
                Assistant Secretary of such military department for 
                energy and climate resiliency for oversight of the 
                implementation of the requirements of this Act by such 
                military department.
    (c) Executive Schedule Matters.--Section 5315 of title 5, United 
States Code, is amended by striking the items relating to the Assistant 
Secretaries of Air Force, the Assistant Secretaries of the Army, and 
the Assistant Secretaries of the Navy and inserting the following new 
items:
            ``Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force (5).
            ``Assistant Secretaries of the Army (6).
            ``Assistant Secretaries of the Navy (5).''.
    (d) Additional Positions of Responsibility for Energy and Climate 
Resiliency.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, each officer specified in paragraph 
        (2) shall establish within the command under the jurisdiction 
        of such officer a position of responsibility for oversight of 
        the implementation of the requirements of this Act by such 
        command. Any individual assigned to such a position shall be an 
        officer of the Armed Forces on active duty in a general or flag 
        officer grade.
            (2) Officers.--The officers specified in this paragraph are 
        the following:
                    (A) The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
                    (B) The commander of each combatant command.
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