Title: Coral Reef Conservation Reauthorization Act of 2020
Policy area: Environmental Protection

Summary:
Coral Reef Conservation Reauthorization Act of 2020
This bill sets forth requirements concerning the conservation and restoration of coral reef ecosystems, including to reauthorize through FY2025 and expand the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, reauthorize through FY2025 the Deep Sea Coral Research and Technology program, and establish the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies Program.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 6738 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 6738

 To reauthorize and amend the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                              May 8, 2020

  Mr. Case (for himself, Mr. Hastings, Ms. Gabbard, Mr. Huffman, Mr. 
Sablan, Mrs. Radewagen, Mr. Yoho, Ms. Castor of Florida, Mr. Crist, and 
  Mr. Posey) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
  Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committee on 
    Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently 
   determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
 provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To reauthorize and amend the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Coral Reef 
Conservation Reauthorization Act of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
       TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000

Sec. 101. Revisions to purposes of Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000.
Sec. 102. Revisions to national coral reef action strategy.
Sec. 103. Revisions to Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.
Sec. 104. Coral reef public-private partnership.
Sec. 105. Revisions to emergency assistance.
Sec. 106. Revisions to national program.
Sec. 107. Revisions to effectiveness reports.
Sec. 108. Revisions to authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 109. Revisions to definitions.
Sec. 110. Establishment of United States Coral Reef Task Force.
Sec. 111. Agreements.
Sec. 112. Permits.
Sec. 113. Regulations.
Sec. 114. Use of recovered amounts.
Sec. 115. Prize competitions to promote innovation in coral reef 
                            research and conservation.
Sec. 116. Conforming and clerical amendments.
      TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CORAL REEF AUTHORITIES

Sec. 201. Coral reef conservation and assistance.
Sec. 202. United States Geological Survey Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies 
                            Program.
Sec. 203. Use of recovered amounts.
Sec. 204. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 205. Definitions.
          TITLE III--NATIONAL CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT FELLOWSHIP

Sec. 301. Short title.
Sec. 302. Definitions.
Sec. 303. Fellowship program.
Sec. 304. Fellowship awards.
  TITLE IV--ASSESSING THE THREATS AND VALUES OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS

Sec. 401. Definitions.
Sec. 402. Study examining the impact of ultraviolet filters on coral 
                            reef ecosystems.
Sec. 403. Study to determine the economic, societal, and ecological 
                            value of coral reef ecosystems in the 
                            United States and territories of the United 
                            States.
                   TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 501. Stock assessments under Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation 
                            and Management Act.
Sec. 502. Deep Sea Coral Research and Technology Program.

       TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000

SEC. 101. REVISIONS TO PURPOSES OF CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ACT OF 2000.

    Section 202 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(7) to ensure healthy and resilient coral reefs 
                for the benefit of island and coastal communities and 
                the United States.''.

SEC. 102. REVISIONS TO NATIONAL CORAL REEF ACTION STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 
2000 (16 U.S.C. 6402) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by inserting ``Natural'' before ``Resources'';
                    (B) by inserting ``, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of the Interior,'' before ``shall 
                periodically review and revise'';
                    (C) by striking ``this national strategy'' and 
                inserting ``the national coral reef action strategy or 
                any review or revision to such strategy'';
                    (D) by striking ``may consult'' and inserting 
                ``shall consult''; and
                    (E) by striking ``Executive Order 13089 (June 11, 
                1998)'' and inserting ``section 209''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``goals and objectives as well as an 
                implementation plan'' and inserting ``goals, 
                objectives, and an implementation plan'';
                    (B) in paragraph (7), by striking ``including 
                regional fishery management councils; and'' at the end;
                    (C) by amending paragraph (8) to read as follows:
            ``(8) conservation, including how the use of marine 
        protected areas to serve as replenishment zones will be 
        developed consistent with local practices and traditions and in 
        cooperation with, and with respect for the scientific, 
        technical, and management expertise and responsibilities of, 
        State fish and wildlife management agencies;''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) the condition of coral reefs located within maritime 
        areas and zones subject to the jurisdiction or control of the 
        United States;
            ``(10) emerging threats to coral health, including changes 
        in ocean temperature and chemistry and threats identified under 
        section 204(d)(3);
            ``(11) adaptive management approaches with clearly 
        identifiable, measurable, and science-based goals; and
            ``(12) restoration efforts, including improving coral reef 
        resiliency.''.
    (b) Deadline.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall review and revise the national coral 
reef action strategy developed under such section.

SEC. 103. REVISIONS TO CORAL REEF CONSERVATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    Section 204 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6403) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by inserting ``grant'' before 
        ``program'';
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the heading, by striking ``Geographic and 
                Biological Diversity'' and inserting ``Distribution of 
                Grants'';
                    (B) in the language preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``subsection (b)'' and inserting ``subsection 
                (a)''; and
                    (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) Remaining funds shall be awarded for projects that 
        address--
                    ``(A) bleaching;
                    ``(B) mortality events;
                    ``(C) disease outbreaks;
                    ``(D) harmful algal blooms;
                    ``(E) invasive or nuisance species outbreaks;
                    ``(F) land-based sources of pollution;
                    ``(G) overfishing;
                    ``(H) ocean acidification;
                    ``(I) coral reef restoration efforts;
                    ``(J) regional or international priorities or 
                threats;
                    ``(K) physical impacts;
                    ``(L) thermal events; and
                    ``(M) such other priorities or emerging threats as 
                the Secretary, in consultation with the United States 
                Coral Reef Task Force, may identify.
            ``(4) To the extent practicable, the Secretary shall 
        prioritize grants to a natural resource management authority of 
        a State that is represented on the United States Coral Reef 
        Task Force.'';
            (3) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Applicants seeking emergency consideration.--
                    ``(A) Request.--An applicant for assistance under 
                this section may request emergency consideration of 
                such applicant's proposal under this subsection.
                    ``(B) Consideration.--The Secretary shall, not 
                later than 15 days after the date of receipt of a 
                request under subparagraph (A), conduct a preliminary 
                review of the proposed project. The Secretary may issue 
                not more than 50 percent of the total amount of 
                assistance for which the Secretary estimates the 
                project will qualify.'';
            (4) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and resilient 
                coral reef ecosystems'' after ``coral reefs'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) developing sound scientific information on the 
        condition of coral reef ecosystems, threats to such ecosystems 
        or the biodiversity of such ecosystems, the impacts of such 
        threats, and potential interventions to address such 
        threats;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ``to implement'' 
                and inserting ``the implementation of'';
                    (D) in paragraph (6), by inserting ``, including 
                how coral reefs function to protect island and coastal 
                communities'' after ``conservation'';
                    (E) by amending paragraph (7) to read as follows:
            ``(7) mapping the location, distribution, and biodiversity, 
        including taxonomic classification and related research, of 
        coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems;'';
                    (F) in paragraph (8), by inserting ``and coral reef 
                ecosystems'' after ``reefs'';
                    (G) in paragraph (9), by striking ``or'';
                    (H) by amending paragraph (10) to read as follows:
            ``(10) preventing or minimizing the likelihood of vessel 
        impacts on coral reefs, particularly those areas and any at-
        risk reefs identified under section 207(d), including by 
        promoting ecologically sound navigation and anchorages near 
        coral reefs;''; and
                    (I) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) responding to, or taking action to mitigate the 
        effects of, coral bleaching, disease, harmful algal blooms, 
        ocean acidification, or other changes in ocean temperature and 
        chemistry;
            ``(12) developing and implementing innovative ecological 
        interventions to build or maintain coral reef resistance and 
        resilience to stressors;
            ``(13) developing and implementing innovative invasive or 
        nuisance species capture, collection, removal, or trapping 
        methods for use around coral reefs;
            ``(14) developing and implementing cost-effective methods 
        to restore degraded native coral reef ecosystems with an 
        emphasis on techniques to advance coral recovery, growth, or 
        resiliency;
            ``(15) research on coral diseases, including the prevention 
        and treatment of such diseases;
            ``(16) understanding and cataloging coral genetic 
        diversity, including research into traits that promote 
        resilience and applying such research to coral reef restoration 
        efforts;
            ``(17) developing in situ native coral propagation sites 
        for use in coral reef restoration projects;
            ``(18) developing networks of ex situ coral propagation 
        nurseries for conservation, including holding coral in aquarium 
        systems and genetic banking, captive breeding of rare species, 
        and captive breeding of resilient coral populations for use in 
        coral reef restoration projects;
            ``(19) developing networks of improved, real-time water 
        quality monitoring along coral reefs, especially reefs impacted 
        by land-based sources of pollution including coastal runoff, 
        sediment erosion and turbidity, and harmful algal blooms;
            ``(20) implementing research and restoration projects that 
        help ensure the population viability of coral species listed 
        pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 
        et seq.) in United States waters as detailed in the population-
        based recovery criteria included in species-specific recovery 
        plans developed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
        U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); or
            ``(21) supporting community-based planning and management 
        initiatives for the protection of coral reef ecosystems 
        identified by the States, scientific experts, or the United 
        States Coral Reef Task Force as a high priority that--
                    ``(A) support attainment of criteria described in 
                paragraphs (1) through (20);
                    ``(B) use, where applicable, watershed-based or 
                ecosystem-based approaches;
                    ``(C) provide for coordination with Federal and 
                State experts and managers;
                    ``(D) build upon local approaches or models, 
                including traditional resource management concepts; and
                    ``(E) complement local action strategies or 
                regional plans for coral reef conservation efforts, as 
                applicable.''; and
            (5) in subsection (j), by striking ``this Act'' and 
        inserting ``Coral Reef Conservation Reauthorization Act of 
        2020''.

SEC. 104. CORAL REEF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.

    Section 205 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6404) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by striking ``coral reef conservation 
        fund'' and inserting ``coral reef public-private partnership'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``Fund'' and inserting ``Public-
                Private Partnership'';
                    (B) by striking ``, hereafter referred to as the 
                Fund,''; and
                    (C) by striking ``organization solely'' and all 
                that follows and inserting ``organization--
                    ``(A) to support public-private partnerships that 
                further the purposes of this title and are consistent 
                with the national coral reef action strategy under 
                section 203;
                    ``(B) to address emergency response actions 
                undertaken or authorized under section 206; and
                    ``(C) to support activities that prevent damage to 
                coral reefs, including any at-risk reefs identified 
                under section 207(d).''; and
            (3) in subsection (b);
                    (A) by striking ``Fund'' and inserting ``separate 
                interest bearing account''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                organization is encouraged to solicit donations, 
                funding, and in-kind services from the private sector, 
                including nongovernmental organizations, for emergency 
                response actions under section 206 and for activities 
                to prevent damage to coral reefs, including any at-risk 
                reefs identified under section 207(d).''.

SEC. 105. REVISIONS TO EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE.

    Section 206 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6405) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 206. CORAL EVENT OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE.

    ``(a) Relief.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon a determination under subsection 
        (b) that there is an event of national significance, the 
        appropriate Federal official is authorized to provide support, 
        including emergency grants and contracts, equipment, and 
        technical assistance, to any State, or local government agency 
        with jurisdiction over a coral reef, or any entity contracted 
        to act on behalf of a State or local government agency, for the 
        purposes of--
                    ``(A) assessing and mitigating the detrimental 
                environmental, economic, subsistence use, and public 
                health effects of the event;
                    ``(B) respond rapidly to assess, stabilize, repair, 
                recover, or restore a coral reef that is damaged, or 
                that has lost the ability to function as an independent 
                ecosystem;
                    ``(C) remove or stabilize a vessel grounded on or 
                in the vicinity of a coral reef; and
                    ``(D) otherwise provide for rapid response to, 
                assessment of, or monitoring of an event of national 
                significance pertaining to a coral reef or coral reef 
                ecosystem.
            ``(2) Matching requirement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (C), the Federal share of the costs of an 
                activity conducted under this section shall not exceed 
                75 percent of the costs for such activity.
                    ``(B) In-kind contributions.--In making a 
                calculation of the non-Federal share of the costs of an 
                activity under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                include in such calculation the fair market value of 
                property and services used for the activity.
                    ``(C) Waiver of requirements.--The Secretary may 
                waive the application of subparagraph (A) if the 
                Secretary finds that such waiver is necessary to 
                support a project that the Secretary has identified as 
                high priority.
            ``(3) Written agreements.--The Secretary may enter into 
        written agreements with any State in which a coral reef is 
        located regarding the manner in which the activities authorized 
        under this section shall be conducted within the affected 
        State's waters.
            ``(4) Cooperative enforcement agreements.--All cooperative 
        enforcement agreements in place between the Secretary and a 
        State affected by this title shall be updated to include 
        enforcement of this title where appropriate.
            ``(5) Damage and cost assessment.--In carrying out this 
        section, the Secretary shall assess damages to coral reefs and 
        applicable response and restoration costs in consultation with 
        State officials regarding response and damage assessment 
        actions undertaken for coral reefs within State waters. The 
        Secretary shall make such assessments, including any related 
        data and information, readily available to the public on a 
        public website upon completion of such assessments.
            ``(6) Determinations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--At the discretion of the 
                Secretary, or at the request of the Governor of an 
                affected State, an appropriate Federal official shall 
                determine whether a coral event is an event of national 
                significance.
                    ``(B) Considerations.--In making a determination 
                under paragraph (1), the appropriate Federal official 
                shall consider the severity of the event or disease 
                outbreak or bleaching, its potential to spread, the 
                economic impact, and the geographic scope, including 
                the potential to affect several municipalities, to 
                affect more than one State, or to cross an 
                international boundary.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Event of national significance.--The term `event of 
        national significance' means--
                    ``(A) a coral disease outbreak or coral bleaching 
                event that has had or will likely have a significant 
                detrimental environmental, economic, subsistence use, 
                or public health impact on an affected State;
                    ``(B) a vessel collision that severely negatively 
                impacts a coral reef ecosystem;
                    ``(C) an unforeseen or disaster-related 
                circumstance that negatively impacts a coral reef 
                ecosystem, including as a result of human activities;
                    ``(D) a harmful algal bloom or invasive or nuisance 
                species outbreak that negatively impacts a coral reef 
                ecosystem; or
                    ``(E) the presence of an unexploded ordnance or 
                similar underwater munitions that harms a coral reef 
                ecosystem.
            ``(2) Coral disease outbreak or coral bleaching event.--The 
        term `coral disease outbreak or coral bleaching event' means 
        the occurrence of a coral disease outbreak or coral bleaching 
        as a result of a natural, anthropogenic, or undetermined 
        cause.''.

SEC. 106. REVISIONS TO NATIONAL PROGRAM.

    Section 207 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6406) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) enhancing public awareness, education, understanding, 
        and appreciation of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems, 
        including the benefits healthy and resilient coral reefs 
        provide to island and coastal communities and to the United 
        States;'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) removing or otherwise addressing, and providing 
        assistance to States in removing or otherwise addressing, 
        derelict fishing gear, marine debris, and abandoned vessels 
        from coral reef ecosystems to conserve living marine 
        resources;'';
                    (C) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
            ``(4) cooperative conservation, research, restoration, and 
        management of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems with local, 
        regional, or international programs and partners, including 
        research institutions located in a State;''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) improving and promoting the resilience of corals, 
        coral reefs, and coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(6) activities designed to prevent or minimize the 
        likelihood of vessel impacts or other physical damage to coral 
        reefs, including any at-risk reefs identified under section 
        207(d); and
            ``(7) centrally archiving, managing, and distributing data 
        sets and coral reef ecosystem assessments and making such 
        information readily available on public websites, including, at 
        the discretion of the Administrator, on the public websites of 
        local, regional, or international programs and partners.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Vessel Grounding Inventory.--The Secretary, in coordination 
with other Federal agencies, shall establish and maintain an inventory 
of all vessel grounding incidents involving coral reefs, including a 
description of--
            ``(1) the impacts to such coral reefs and related natural 
        resources;
            ``(2) vessel and ownership information;
            ``(3) an estimate of the costs for--
                    ``(A) removal of the vessel; or
                    ``(B) restoration of the impacted reef;
            ``(4) to the extent practicable, the actual costs, 
        including costs estimated under section 206(e), that were 
        incurred by each party that participated in any--
                    ``(A) removal of the vessel; or
                    ``(B) restoration of the impacted reef;
            ``(5) the response action taken by the vessel owner, the 
        Secretary, the Commandant of the Coast Guard, or other Federal 
        or State agencies;
            ``(6) the status of the response action, including the 
        dates of vessel removal and coral reef restoration, and any 
        actions taken to prevent future grounding incidents; and
            ``(7) any other pertinent information the Secretary 
        determines appropriate.
    ``(d) At-Risk Reefs.--
            ``(1) Inventory.--The Secretary shall establish and 
        maintain a nationwide inventory of at-risk reefs, including 
        proposed remediation to address threats or damage to at-risk 
        reefs identified under this subsection.
            ``(2) Identification.--The Secretary shall use data and 
        information collected or compiled under this title or any other 
        available information source to identify at-risk reefs to be 
        included in the inventory under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Remediation.--The Secretary shall identify 
        appropriate measures, including measures taken by other 
        agencies, to remediate at-risk reefs, including--
                    ``(A) recommendations to prevent, reduce the 
                likelihood, or otherwise address negative impacts and 
                incidents;
                    ``(B) cooperative actions with other Federal, 
                State, and local agencies and nongovernmental partners; 
                and
                    ``(C) a strategy and timetable to implement such 
                measures and recommendations.
            ``(4) Measures taken.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Secretary shall track any measures taken to remediate at-risk 
        reefs identified under paragraph (2), including any measures 
        identified and taken under paragraph (3).
            ``(5) Publication.--The Secretary shall make any inventory 
        established and maintained under this subsection, a description 
        of the remediation measures identified under paragraph (3), and 
        a description of any actions tracked under paragraph (4), 
        readily available to the public on a government website.
    ``(e) Data Stewardship and Accessibility.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with 
        similar efforts at other Departments and agencies, shall 
        provide for the long-term stewardship and public accessibility 
        of all environmental data and information collected under this 
        title.
            ``(2) Activities.--The Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) archive environmental data, research, and 
                similar information collected under this title with the 
                use of Federal funds;
                    ``(B) to the greatest extent practicable, make such 
                environmental data and information readily available to 
                the public on a government website;
                    ``(C) develop standards, protocols, and procedures 
                for sharing Federal data with non-Federal partner 
                agencies and the private sector or academia; and
                    ``(D) develop metadata standards for coral reef 
                ecosystems in accordance with Federal Geographic Data 
                Committee guidelines.''.

SEC. 107. REVISIONS TO EFFECTIVENESS REPORTS.

    Section 208 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6407) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 208. EFFECTIVENESS REPORTS.

    ``Not less than once every 5 years, the Secretary, in cooperation 
with the United States Coral Reef Task Force, shall submit to the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and 
the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a 
report, with respect to the 5 fiscal years preceding the year in which 
the report is submitted, that--
            ``(1) describes the funds obligated by each Federal agency 
        to implement the national coral reef action strategy;
            ``(2) summarizes all actions taken by Federal and non-
        Federal entities under the national coral reef action strategy;
            ``(3) provides a State-by-State summary of Federal and non-
        Federal contributions toward the costs of each project for 
        which a grant was awarded under the coral reef conservation 
        grant program under section 204;
            ``(4) provides an accounting of Federal funds transferred 
        to a nonprofit organization and non-Federal matching funds 
        provided by such nonprofit organization under the coral reef 
        public-private partnership under section 205;
            ``(5) summarizes emergency response actions undertaken or 
        authorized under section 206;
            ``(6) summarizes the information contained in any vessel 
        grounding inventory under section 207(c) and any additional 
        authorization or funding needed for response and removal of 
        vessels listed in such inventory;
            ``(7) provides a summary of any at-risk reefs identified 
        under section 207(d) and any remediation actions recommended, 
        underway, or taken under such section;
            ``(8) assesses the conditions of coral reefs in the United 
        States, accomplishments under this title, and the effectiveness 
        of management actions to address threats to coral reefs and 
        coral reef ecosystems; and
            ``(9) any other pertinent information the Secretary 
        determines appropriate.''.

SEC. 108. REVISIONS TO AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 209 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6408) is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of Commerce to carry out this title the following amounts, 
which shall remain available until expended:
            ``(1) $38,000,000 for fiscal year 2021.
            ``(2) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
            ``(3) $42,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            ``(4) $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            ``(5) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``$1,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$2,000,000'';
            (3) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
    ``(c) Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.--From the amounts 
appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be 
made available to the Secretary of Commerce not less than $14,000,000 
for the coral reef conservation grant program under section 204.''; and
            (4) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows:
    ``(d) National Program.--From the amounts appropriated under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there shall be made available to the 
Secretary of Commerce not less than $16,000,000 for activities 
conducted under section 207.''.

SEC. 109. REVISIONS TO DEFINITIONS.

    Section 210 of the of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 
U.S.C. 6409) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 210 DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this Act:
            ``(1) Administrator.--The term `Administrator' means the 
        Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, unless otherwise specified.
            ``(2) At-risk reef.--The term `at-risk reef' means a coral 
        reef that has a high exposure to vessel impacts, marine debris, 
        harmful algal blooms, overfishing, land-based or marine-based 
        pollution, coastal development, and changes in ocean 
        temperature and chemistry.
            ``(3) Bona fide research.--The term `bona fide research' 
        means scientific research on corals or coral reefs, the results 
        of which are likely--
                    ``(A) to be eligible for publication in a peer-
                reviewed scientific journal;
                    ``(B) to contribute to the basic knowledge of coral 
                biology or coral reef ecology;
                    ``(C) to improve management of coral reefs and 
                coral reef ecosystems; or
                    ``(D) to identify, evaluate, or resolve 
                conservation issues or decisions.
            ``(4) Conservation.--The term `conservation' means the use 
        of any methods and procedures necessary to preserve, restore, 
        or sustain corals, coral reefs, and associated marine species 
        as resilient, diverse, viable, and self-perpetuating coral reef 
        ecosystems, including--
                    ``(A) all activities associated with resource 
                management, such as assessment, research, protection, 
                restoration, sustainable use, and management of 
                habitat;
                    ``(B) mapping, observation, or monitoring of coral 
                reef ecosystems;
                    ``(C) scientific expertise and technical assistance 
                in the development and implementation of management 
                strategies for marine protected areas and marine 
                resources consistent with the National Marine 
                Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) and the 
                Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management 
                Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and with respect for the 
                scientific, technical, and management expertise and 
                responsibilities of State fish and wildlife management 
                agencies;
                    ``(D) law enforcement;
                    ``(E) conflict resolution initiatives;
                    ``(F) community outreach and education; and
                    ``(G) activities that promote safe and ecologically 
                sound navigation.
            ``(5) Coral.--The term `coral' means species of the phylum 
        Cnidaria, including--
                    ``(A) all species of the orders Antipatharia (black 
                corals), Scleractinia (stony corals), Gorgonacea (horny 
                corals), Stolonifera (organpipe corals and others), 
                Alcyanacea (soft corals), and Coenothecalia (blue 
                coral), of the class Anthozoa; and
                    ``(B) all species of the families Milleporidae 
                (fire corals) and Stylasteridae (stylasterid 
                hydrocorals), of the class Hydrozoa.
            ``(6) Coral reef.--The term `coral reef' means limestone 
        structures in the form of a reef or shoal, comprised in whole 
        or in part by living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and 
        other associated sessile invertebrates and marine plants.
            ``(7) Coral reef component.--The term `coral reef 
        component' means any part of a coral reef, including individual 
        living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and other associated 
        sessile invertebrates or marine plants.
            ``(8) Coral reef ecosystem.--The term `coral reef 
        ecosystem' means the system of coral and other geographically 
        and ecologically associated marine species, habitats, and 
        environment and the processes that control its dynamics.
            ``(9) Coral products.--The term `coral products' means any 
        living or dead specimens, parts, or derivatives, or any product 
        containing specimens, parts, or derivatives, of any species 
        referred to in paragraph (5).
            ``(10) Damages.--The term `damages' includes--
                    ``(A) compensation for--
                            ``(i)(I) the cost of replacement, 
                        restoration, remediation, or acquisition of the 
                        equivalent of a coral or coral reef resource; 
                        and
                            ``(II) the value of the lost use or 
                        services of a coral or coral reef resource 
                        pending the replacement, restoration, 
                        remediation, or acquisition of the equivalent 
                        coral or coral reef resource; or
                            ``(ii) the value of a coral or coral reef 
                        resource if the coral or coral reef resource 
                        cannot be replaced, restored, or remediated or 
                        if the equivalent of such resource cannot be 
                        acquired; and
                    ``(B) the reasonable cost of monitoring appropriate 
                to the injured, replaced, restored, or remediated coral 
                or coral reef resource.
            ``(11) National coral reef action strategy.--The term 
        `national coral reef action strategy' means the strategy 
        developed under section 203.
            ``(12) Resilience.--The term `resilience' means the 
        capacity for corals, coral reefs, or coral reef ecosystems to 
        resist and recover from natural and human disturbance and 
        maintain structure and function to allow the continued 
        provision of ecosystem goods and services, as determined by 
        clearly identifiable, measurable, and science-based standards.
            ``(13) Response costs.--The term `response costs' means the 
        costs of actions that would be necessary to--
                    ``(A) minimize destruction, loss, or taking of, or 
                injury to a coral reef or component thereof;
                    ``(B) prevent or minimize the imminent risks of 
                such destruction, loss, or taking of, or injury to;
                    ``(C) assess the reasonable costs of damage as 
                determined under section 206(e); and
                    ``(D) respond to or otherwise address an emergency 
                pertaining a coral reef or coral reef ecosystem.
            ``(14) Restoration.--The term `restoration' means the use 
        of methods and procedures necessary to enhance, rescue, hold in 
        aquarium systems, rehabilitate, recreate, or create a 
        functioning coral reef or coral reef ecosystem, in whole or in 
        part, within suitable waters of the historical range of such 
        ecosystems, to benefit native populations of coral reef 
        organisms.
            ``(15) United states coral reef task force.--The term 
        `United States Coral Reef Task Force' means the task force 
        established under section 209.''.

SEC. 110. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES CORAL REEF TASK FORCE.

    (a) In General.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 209 and 210, as amended by 
        this Act, as sections 215 and 216, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 208 the following:

``SEC. 209. UNITED STATES CORAL REEF TASK FORCE.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There is hereby established the United States 
Coral Reef Task Force.
    ``(b) Duties.--The duties of the United States Coral Reef Task 
Force shall be to coordinate and strengthen Federal, State, 
international, and local actions to conserve and restore coral reef 
ecosystems by--
            ``(1) supporting, in cooperation with non-Federal partners 
        as appropriate, activities regarding the mapping, monitoring, 
        research, conservation, mitigation, and restoration of coral 
        reefs and coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(2) implementing the policy and Federal agency 
        responsibilities set forth in Executive Order 13089 (63 Fed. 
        Reg. 32701; relating to coral reef protection) (as in effect on 
        June 11, 1998), the national coral reef action strategy, and 
        activities authorized by this title;
            ``(3) analyzing the United States role in international 
        trade and protection of coral species;
            ``(4) enhancing public awareness, education, understanding, 
        and appreciation of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems, 
        including the benefits healthy and resilient coral reefs 
        provide to island and coastal communities and the United 
        States;
            ``(5) supporting coral reef ecosystem research, including 
        on the ecological and economic benefits of coral reefs, both 
        extramurally and across government agencies; and
            ``(6) encouraging implementation of strategies and actions 
        for the conservation and sustainable use of coral reef 
        resources worldwide.
    ``(c) Leadership.--The Secretary of Commerce, represented ex 
officio by the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration, and the Secretary of the Interior shall lead the United 
States Coral Reef Task Force as co-chairs.
    ``(d) Voting Membership.--The voting members of the United States 
Coral Reef Task Force shall be comprised of--
            ``(1) the co-chairs designated under subsection (c);
            ``(2) the Federal agency members specified by Executive 
        Order 13089 (63 Fed. Reg. 32701; relating to coral reef 
        protection) (as in effect on June 11, 1998);
            ``(3) the Secretary of the Army, represented ex officio by 
        the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works of the 
        Corps of Engineers;
            ``(4) the Secretary of Homeland Security represented by the 
        United States Coast Guard and the Federal Emergency Management 
        Agency; and
            ``(5) the Governor, if such Governor elects to participate 
        in the United States Coral Reef Task Force, of--
                    ``(A) the State of Florida;
                    ``(B) the State of Hawaii;
                    ``(C) American Samoa;
                    ``(D) Guam;
                    ``(E) the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
                Islands;
                    ``(F) Puerto Rico; and
                    ``(G) the Virgin Islands of the United States.
    ``(e) Non-Voting Membership.--The non-voting members of the United 
States Coral Reef Task Force shall be comprised of the President or a 
representative of the President, if such President elects to 
participate, of each of the Freely Associated States of--
            ``(1) the Federated States of Micronesia;
            ``(2) the Republic of the Marshall Islands; and
            ``(3) the Republic of Palau.
    ``(f) Responsibilities of Federal Agency Members.--The Federal 
members of the United States Coral Reef Task Force shall--
            ``(1) identify actions by their agencies that may affect 
        coral reef ecosystems;
            ``(2) use the authorities and programs of their agencies to 
        carry out the duties of the United States Coral Reef Task Force 
        as defined by subsection (b); and
            ``(3) implement the national coral reef action strategy and 
        any other coordinated efforts approved by the United States 
        Coral Reef Task Force.
    ``(g) Working Groups.--The co-chairs of the United States Coral 
Reef Task Force may establish working groups as necessary to advance 
the purposes of this title, including--
            ``(1) at the request of members of the United States Coral 
        Reef Task Force; and
            ``(2) working groups for which vested stakeholders, 
        including nongovernmental organizations and research 
        institutions, such as marine laboratories and coral reef 
        institutes, are participants.
    ``(h) Nonapplication of FACA.--The Federal Advisory Committee Act 
(5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the United States Coral Reef Task 
Force or working groups established by the United States Coral Reef 
Task Force.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
(16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended by inserting ``United States'' 
before ``Coral Reef Task Force'' each place it appears where ``United 
States'' does not precede ``Coral Reef Task Force''.

SEC. 111. AGREEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
6401 et seq.) is further amended by inserting after section 209, as 
added by this Act, the following:

``SEC. 210. AGREEMENTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may execute and perform such 
contracts, leases, grants, cooperative agreements, or other 
transactions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this 
title.
    ``(b) Funding.--Under an agreement entered into under subsection 
(a), the Secretary may fulfill the terms of the agreement by 
reimbursing or providing appropriated funds to, and may receive funds 
or reimbursements from--
            ``(1) Federal agencies, instrumentalities and laboratories;
            ``(2) State and local governments;
            ``(3) Federally recognized Indian Tribes and Indian Tribal 
        organizations;
            ``(4) international organizations;
            ``(5) foreign governments;
            ``(6) research institutions, including marine laboratories 
        and coral reef institutes;
            ``(7) nongovernmental organizations;
            ``(8) nonprofit organizations;
            ``(9) commercial organizations; and
            ``(10) other public and private persons or entities, as 
        necessary for purposes identified in section 202 and actions 
        taken under section 206.
    ``(c) Cooperative Institute.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Subject to paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary shall establish a cooperative institute or 
        cooperative institutes for the purpose of advancing and 
        sustaining essential capability in coral reef research.
            ``(2) Membership.--To be eligible to designed as a 
        cooperative institute under paragraph (1), an institution shall 
        include a coral research center, designated by the 
        administrator, that--
                    ``(A) is operated by an institution of higher 
                education (as such term is defined in section 101(a) of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a));
                    ``(B) has established management-driven national or 
                regional coral reef research or restoration programs;
                    ``(C) is located in a State;
                    ``(D) has demonstrated the ability to coordinate 
                closely with appropriate Federal and State agencies, as 
                well as other academic and nonprofit organizations; and
                    ``(E) maintains significant local community 
                engagement and outreach programs related to coral reef 
                ecosystems.
            ``(3) Functions.--The cooperative institute or institutes 
        established under this section shall--
                    ``(A) conduct bona fide research, observation, and 
                monitoring of coral reef ecosystems aimed at building 
                capacity for more effective resource management and 
                coral reef restoration; and
                    ``(B) through agreements with centers referred to 
                in paragraph (1)--
                            ``(i) collaborate directly with 
                        governmental resource management agencies, 
                        nonprofit organizations, academic research 
                        institutions, and other research organizations;
                            ``(ii) build capacity within resource 
                        management agencies to establish research 
                        priorities, plan interdisciplinary research 
                        projects, and make effective use of research 
                        results; and
                            ``(iii) conduct public education and 
                        awareness programs for policymakers, resource 
                        managers, and the general public on coral reef 
                        ecosystems, best practices for coral reef and 
                        ecosystem management, conservation, and 
                        restoration, their value, and threats to their 
                        sustainability.
    ``(d) Multiyear Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary may enter 
into, extend, or renegotiate multiyear cooperative agreements with the 
heads of other Federal, State, and local government agencies and other 
vested stakeholders, including nongovernmental organizations and 
research institutions, such as marine laboratories and coral reef 
institutes, to further the purposes of this title consistent with the 
national coral reef action strategy developed under section 203.
    ``(e) Other Use of Agencies' Resources.--For purposes related to 
the conservation, preservation, protection, restoration, or replacement 
of coral reefs or coral reef ecosystems and the enforcement of this 
title, the Secretary is authorized to use, with their consent and with 
or without reimbursement, the land, services, equipment, personnel, and 
facilities of any Department, agency, or instrumentality of the United 
States, or of any State, local government, or Indian tribal government, 
or of any political subdivision thereof, or of any foreign government 
or international organization.''.

SEC. 112. PERMITS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 210, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 211. PERMITS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may, in accordance with this 
section and regulations promulgated under this title, issue a permit 
authorizing the conduct of bona fide research or other activities 
compatible with one or more of the purposes in section 202 of this 
title.
    ``(b) Terms and Conditions.--The Secretary may place any terms and 
conditions on a permit issued under this section that the Secretary 
deems reasonable.
    ``(c) Fees.--
            ``(1) Assessment and collection.--Subject to regulations 
        promulgated under this title, the Secretary may assess and 
        collect fees as specified in this subsection.
            ``(2) Amount.--Any fee assessed shall be equal to the sum 
        of--
                    ``(A) all costs incurred, or expected to be 
                incurred, by the Secretary in processing the permit 
                application, including indirect costs; and
                    ``(B) if the permit is approved, all costs 
                incurred, or expected to be incurred, by the Secretary 
                as a direct result of the conduct of the activity for 
                which the permit is issued.
            ``(3) Use of fees.--Amounts collected by the Secretary in 
        the form of fees under this section may be used by the 
        Secretary for issuing and administering permits under this 
        section.
            ``(4) Waiver or reduction of fees.--For any fee assessed 
        under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) accept in-kind contributions in lieu of a 
                fee; or
                    ``(B) waive or reduce the fee.
    ``(d) Fishing.--Nothing in this section shall be considered to 
require a person to obtain a permit under this section for the conduct 
of any fishing activities not prohibited by this title or regulations 
promulgated thereunder.''.

SEC. 113. REGULATIONS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 211, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 212. REGULATIONS.

    ``The Secretary may issue such regulations as are necessary and 
appropriate to carry out the purposes of this title. This title and any 
regulations promulgated thereunder shall be applied in accordance with 
international law. No restrictions shall apply to or be enforced 
against a person who is not a citizen, national, or resident alien of 
the United States (including foreign-flag vessels) unless in accordance 
with international law.''.

SEC. 114. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 212, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 213. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    ``Any amounts available to the Secretary of Commerce that are 
attributable to fines, penalties, or forfeitures of property (including 
proceeds from the sale of such forfeited property) imposed for 
violations of any marine resource law enforced by such Secretary, or 
regulations implementing such law, for damages to corals, coral reefs, 
or coral reef ecosystems shall be used by such Secretary--
            ``(1) for the benefit of the coral reef ecosystem impacted 
        by the applicable violation, to the extent practicable;
            ``(2) to carry out emergency response activities authorized 
        under section 206, including to reimburse any Federal, State or 
        local government agency for response costs incurred; or
            ``(3) to carry out the purposes of this title, including 
        grants of financial assistance for coral reef conservation 
        projects.''.

SEC. 115. PRIZE COMPETITIONS TO PROMOTE INNOVATION IN CORAL REEF 
              RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION.

    The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is 
further amended by inserting after section 213, as added by this Act, 
the following:

``SEC. 214. CORAL REEF PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--The head of any Federal agency with a 
representative serving on the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force established 
under Executive Order 13089 issued on June 11, 1998 (16 U.S.C. 6401 
note), may, either individually or in cooperation with one or more 
agencies, carry out a program to award prizes competitively under 
section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
(15 U.S.C. 3719).
    ``(b) Purposes.--Any program carried out under this section shall 
be for the purpose of stimulating innovation to advance the ability of 
the United States to understand, research, or monitor coral reef 
ecosystems, or to develop management or adaptation options to preserve, 
sustain, and restore coral reef ecosystems.
    ``(c) Priority Programs.--Priority shall be given to establish 
programs under this section that address communities, environments, or 
industries that are in distress due to the decline or degradation of 
coral reef ecosystems, including--
            ``(1) scientific research and monitoring that furthers the 
        understanding of causes behind coral reef decline and 
        degradation and the generally slow recovery following 
        disturbances, including ocean acidification and its impacts on 
        coral reproduction;
            ``(2) the development of monitoring or management options 
        for communities or industries that are experiencing significant 
        financial hardship;
            ``(3) the development of adaptation options to alleviate 
        economic harm and job loss caused by damage to coral reef 
        ecosystems;
            ``(4) the development of measures to help vulnerable 
        communities or industries, with an emphasis on rural 
        communities and businesses; and
            ``(5) the development of adaptation and management options 
        for impacted tourism industries.''.

SEC. 116. CONFORMING AND CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Conforming Amendments.--The Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
(16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended by striking ``Administrator'' each 
place it appears and inserting ``Secretary'' in the following 
subsections.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 201 of the Coral Reef Conservation 
Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    ``(a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the `Coral Reef 
Conservation Act of 2000'.
    ``(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this title is 
as follows:

``Sec. 201. Short title; table of contents.
``Sec. 202. Purposes.
``Sec. 203. National coral reef action strategy.
``Sec. 204. National Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.
``Sec. 205. Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program.
``Sec. 206. Coral Reef Public-Private Partnership.
``Sec. 207. National Program.
``Sec. 208. Effectiveness reports.
``Sec. 209. United States Coral Reef Task Force.
``Sec. 210. Agreements.
``Sec. 211. Permits.
``Sec. 212. Regulations.
``Sec. 213. Use of recovered amounts.
``Sec. 214. Coral Reef Prize Competitions
``Sec. 215. Authorization of appropriations.
``Sec. 216. Definitions.''.

      TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CORAL REEF AUTHORITIES

SEC. 201. CORAL REEF CONSERVATION AND ASSISTANCE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior may conduct 
activities to conserve coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems within--
            (1) any unit of the National Park System;
            (2) any unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System;
            (3) any National Monument or Marine National Monument 
        designated by an Act of Congress or under section 320301 of 
        title 54, United States Code, under the administrative 
        jurisdiction of the Secretary; or
            (4) any other Federal land unit or any territorial waters 
        under the administration of the Secretary.
    (b) Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical assistance, 
scientific expertise, and financial assistance grants for the 
conservation of coral reefs in proximity to the Federal land and waters 
described in paragraph (a) to--
            (1) entities eligible to receive a grant under section 204 
        of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6403);
            (2) territories of the United States; and
            (3) federally recognized Indian Tribes.
    (c) Requirement.--The Secretary shall ensure that any action taken 
by the Secretary under this title is consistent with the Coral Reef 
Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6401), as amended by this Act, 
including the national coral reef action strategy developed under 
section 203 of such Act (16 U.S.C. 6402).
    (d) Office of Insular Affairs Coral Reef Initiative.--The Secretary 
shall establish within the Office of Insular Affairs a Coral Reef 
Initiative Program to--
            (1) provide grant funding to support local management, 
        conservation, and protection of coral reef ecosystems in--
                    (A) insular areas; and
                    (B) freely associated states;
            (2) complement the other conservation and assistance 
        activities conducted under this title; and
            (3) provide other technical, scientific, and financial 
        assistance and conduct conservation activities that advance the 
        purposes of this title.

SEC. 202. UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM STUDIES 
              PROGRAM.

    The Secretary shall establish within the United States Geological 
Survey a program to be known at the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies 
Program to--
            (1) research, monitor, and map coral reef ecosystems to 
        understand coral reef processes and assess coral reef health, 
        including the effects of changes in ocean temperature and 
        chemistry, ocean acidification, land-based sources of pollution 
        including coastal runoff, sediment erosion and turbidity, and 
        harmful algal blooms;
            (2) develop science and tools to assess and help address 
        the consequences of changing coral reef structure on tourism, 
        recreation, community vulnerability and resilience to storms, 
        erosion, and inundation, and to inform the management of coral 
        reefs and coral reef ecosystems;
            (3) complement the other conservation and assistance 
        activities conducted under this title;
            (4) provide technical assistance, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, for research on coral reefs and 
        coral reef ecosystems to--
                    (A) entities eligible to receive a grant under 
                section 204 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
                (16 U.S.C. 6403); and
                    (B) territories of the United States;
            (5) coordinate United States Geological Survey activities 
        relating to coral reefs, including the National Wildlife Health 
        Center; and
            (6) carry out other scientific and conservation activities 
        that advance the purposes of this title, as considered 
        appropriate by the Secretary.

SEC. 203. USE OF RECOVERED AMOUNTS.

    All amounts available to the Secretary of the Interior that are 
attributable to fines, penalties, and forfeitures of property (or 
proceeds from the sale of such forfeited property) imposed for 
violations of any law for which the Secretary of the Interior is an 
enforcement agency, including the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 
3371 et seq.), and regulations implementing such law, for damages to 
corals, coral reefs, or coral reef ecosystems, shall be used by the 
Secretary of the Interior--
            (1) for the benefit of the coral reef ecosystem impacted by 
        the applicable violation, to the extent practicable;
            (2) to carry out emergency response activities authorized 
        under section 206 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 
        (16 U.S.C. 6405), including to reimburse any Federal, State or 
        local government agency for response costs incurred; or
            (3) to carry out the purposes of this title, including 
        grants of financial assistance for coral reef conservation 
        projects.

SEC. 204. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of the Interior to carry out this title $12,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, which may remain available until 
expended.
    (b) Office of Insular Affairs Coral Reef Initiative Program.--From 
the amounts appropriated under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, there 
shall be made available to the Secretary of the Interior, acting 
through the Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Insular Areas, not 
less than $3,000,000 for the grant program under section 201(d).
    (c) United States Geological Survey Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies 
Program.--From the amounts appropriated under subsection (a) for a 
fiscal year, there shall be made available to the Secretary of the 
Interior, acting through the Director of the United States Geological 
Survey, not less than $4,000,000 for the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies 
Program under section 203.

SEC. 205. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Conservation.--The term ``conservation'' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 215 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.
            (2) Coral reef.--The term ``coral reef'' has the meaning 
        given such term in section 215 of the Coral Reef Conservation 
        Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.
            (3) Coral reef ecosystem.--The term ``coral reef 
        ecosystem'' has the meaning given such term in section 215 of 
        the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 6409), as 
        redesignated by this Act.
            (4) Freely associated state.--The term ``Freely Associated 
        State'' means each of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the 
        Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of Palau in an 
        applicable Compact of Free Association with the United States.
            (5) Insular area.--The term ``Insular Area'' means each of 
        American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
        Islands, and the Virgin Islands of the United States.
            (6) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' has the same 
        meaning given such term in section 215 of the Coral Reef 
        Conservation Act of 2000, as redesignated by this Act.

          TITLE III--NATIONAL CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT FELLOWSHIP

SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``National Coral Reef Management 
Fellowship Act of 2020''.

SEC. 302. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (2) Fellow.--The term ``fellow'' means a National Coral 
        Reef Management Fellow.
            (3) Fellowship.--The term ``fellowship'' means the National 
        Coral Reef Management Fellowship established in section 303.

SEC. 303. FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

            (1) In general.--There is established the National Coral 
        Reef Management Fellowship Program.
            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Fellowship Program is to 
        encourage future leaders of the United States--
                    (A) to develop additional coral reef management 
                capacity in States and Territories with coral reefs;
                    (B) provide State and Territorial coral reef 
                management agencies with highly qualified candidates 
                whose education and work experience meet the specific 
                needs of each State and territory; and
                    (C) provide the individual fellows with 
                professional experience in coastal and coral reef 
                resources management.
            (3) Administration.--The Secretary shall offer to provide a 
        grant to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's 
        National Ocean Service to administer the Fellowship.

SEC. 304. FELLOWSHIP AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall make available National Coral 
Reef Management Fellowship in accordance with this subsection.
    (b) Period of Fellowship.--National Coral Reef Management 
Fellowship awarded under this section shall be for not more than 24 
months.
    (c) Qualifications.--A successful program applicant shall be an 
individual who has demonstrated--
            (1) an intent to pursue a career in marine services and 
        outstanding potential for such a career;
            (2) leadership potential or actual leadership experience;
            (3) diverse life experience;
            (4) proficient writing and speaking skills; and
            (5) such other attributes as are considered to be 
        appropriate by the Director.
    (d) Matching Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        non-Federal share of the costs of a fellowship under this 
        section shall be 25 percent of such costs.
            (2) Waiver of requirements.--The Secretary may waive the 
        application of paragraph (1) if the Secretary finds that such 
        waiver is necessary to support a project that the Secretary has 
        identified as of high priority.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary such sums as are necessary to carry out 
this section, to remain available until expended.

  TITLE IV--ASSESSING THE THREATS AND VALUES OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS

SEC. 401. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (2) National academy.--The term ``National Academy'' means 
        the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (4) Coral reef ecosystem.--The term ``coral reef 
        ecosystem'' means the corals and the animals, plants, and other 
        living organisms that are supported by coral reefs for food, 
        shelter, reproduction, and rearing.
            (5) Ultraviolet filters.--The term ``ultraviolet filters'' 
        means chemical compounds commonly used in sunscreen formula.

SEC. 402. STUDY EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF ULTRAVIOLET FILTERS ON CORAL 
              REEF ECOSYSTEMS.

    (a) Agreement.--The Secretary shall, not more than 90 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, enter into an agreement with the 
National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study and submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report examining the impact of 
ultraviolet filters on coral reef ecosystems, including--
            (1) an assessment of the impacts of common ultraviolet 
        filters on coral reef ecosystems including regional, 
        longitudinal, and long-term chronic impacts;
            (2) an assessment of the bioconcentration and 
        bioaccumulation potential of ultraviolet filters in coral reef 
        ecosystems;
            (3) an assessment of the interaction effects of ultraviolet 
        filters between predicted temperature and ocean acidification 
        conditions;
            (4) considerations of the ecological, conservation, 
        economic, and social factors involved in a ban of specific 
        ultraviolet filters; and
            (5) recommendations for ultraviolet filters that are safe 
        and ultraviolet filters that pose a threat to healthy coral 
        reef ecosystems.
    (b) Submission to Congress.--Not more than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit the final report 
of the National Academy containing the results of the study carried out 
under subsection (a) to the appropriate committees.
    (c) Publication.--Not more than 30 days after the completion of the 
report produced pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall make 
such report available on a public website.

SEC. 403. STUDY TO DETERMINE THE ECONOMIC, SOCIETAL, AND ECOLOGICAL 
              VALUE OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS IN THE UNITED STATES AND 
              TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) Agreement.--The Secretary shall, not more than 90 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, enter into an agreement with the 
National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study evaluating the 
economic, societal, and ecological value of coral reef ecosystems in 
the United States and Territories of the United States, including--
            (1) an assessment of the economic, societal, and ecological 
        value of coral reef ecosystems at national, regional, and site-
        specific scales with respect to--
                    (A) tourism;
                    (B) fisheries;
                    (C) coastal protection including against storm 
                surge, flooding, and other natural threats;
                    (D) biodiversity; and
                    (E) carbon sequestration; and
            (2) an assessment of the economic costs of degradation and 
        loss of coral reef with respect to the matter described in 
        paragraph (1) over the next 50 years.
    (b) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 3 years after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit the final report 
of the National Academy containing the results of the study carried out 
under subsection (a) to the appropriate committees.
    (c) Publication.--Not more than 30 days after the completion of the 
report produced pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall make 
such report available on a public website.

                   TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 501. STOCK ASSESSMENTS UNDER MAGNUSON-STEVENS FISHERY CONSERVATION 
              AND MANAGEMENT ACT.

    Title IV of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and 
Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1881 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:

``SEC. 409. STOCK ASSESSMENTS FOR FISHERIES ASSOCIATED WITH CORAL 
              REEFS.

    ``In preparing stock assessments under this Act, the Secretary 
shall, to the extent practicable, place emphasis on such assessments 
for economically important fisheries associated with coral reefs.''.

SEC. 502. DEEP SEA CORAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 408(a) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery 
Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1884(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``federal'' and inserting ``Federal'';
            (2) by striking ``subject to the availability of 
        appropriations,''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this title $3,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, which may remain available 
until expended.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in the first section 
of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 
U.S.C. 1881 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end of the items 
relating to title IV the following:

``Sec. 408. Deep sea coral research and technology program.
``Sec. 409. Stock assessments for fisheries associated with coral 
                            reefs.''.
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