Title: Food Recovery Act of 2020
Policy area: Agriculture and Food

Summary:
Food Recovery Act of 2020
This bill provides funding and establishes requirements to reduce food waste and standardize date labeling on food.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5841 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5841

    To decrease the incidence of food waste, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           February 11, 2020

 Ms. Pingree introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on Ways and 
Means, Education and Labor, Energy and Commerce, Oversight and Reform, 
and House Administration, for a period to be subsequently determined by 
the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall 
           within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To decrease the incidence of food waste, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Food Recovery Act 
of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition of Secretary.
                             TITLE I--FARMS

Sec. 101. Use of Rural Energy for America Program to reduce food and 
                            crop waste.
Sec. 102. Farm storage facility loan program.
Sec. 103. Composting as conservation practice.
Sec. 104. Study and report on methods to decrease incidence of food 
                            waste.
                    TITLE II--RETAIL AND RESTAURANTS

Sec. 201. Good Samaritan food donation.
Sec. 202. Report on food donation by retail food stores.
Sec. 203. Use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds to cover Emergency 
                            Food Assistance Program storage and 
                            distribution costs.
Sec. 204. Expansion of charitable deduction for contributions of food 
                            inventory.
               TITLE III--SCHOOLS AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS

Sec. 301. Amendments to Federal Food Donation Act.
Sec. 302. School Food Recovery Program.
Sec. 303. Food and agriculture service learning program.
Sec. 304. Modification of National School Lunch Program procurement 
                            requirements to encourage purchase of 
                            lower-price, nonstandard-size or -shape 
                            produce.
                      TITLE IV--FOOD DATE LABELING

Sec. 401. Short title.
Sec. 402. Definitions.
Sec. 403. Quality dates and discard dates.
Sec. 404. Misbranding.
Sec. 405. Regulations.
Sec. 406. Delayed applicability.
              TITLE V--CONSUMERS AND LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Sec. 501. Support for national media campaigns to decrease incidence of 
                            food waste.
Sec. 502. Increase in resources for community facilities loans directed 
                            at composting and anaerobic digestion food 
                            waste-to-energy operations.
Sec. 503. Expansion of rural utilities service water and waste disposal 
                            program to provide loans and grants for 
                            rural communities to adapt waste disposal 
                            facilities to incorporate anaerobic 
                            digestion food waste-to-energy operations.
Sec. 504. Grants for composting and anaerobic digestion food waste-to-
                            energy projects.
Sec. 505. Government Accountability Office audit.
Sec. 506. Food waste recovery transportation grants.
Sec. 507. Food waste research program.
Sec. 508. Grants to research centers or non-profit organizations.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

    In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
Agriculture.

                             TITLE I--FARMS

SEC. 101. USE OF RURAL ENERGY FOR AMERICA PROGRAM TO REDUCE FOOD AND 
              CROP WASTE.

    (a) Requirements Relating to Installation of Anaerobic Digesters.--
Section 9007(c) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8107(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Requirements relating to installation of anaerobic 
        digesters.--In the case of a loan guarantee or grant provided 
        under this subsection to an agricultural producer or rural 
        small business to support the installation of an anaerobic 
        digester that will use food waste in addition to manure to 
        produce renewable energy, the Secretary shall obtain from the 
        recipient of the loan guarantee or grant--
                    ``(A) a written commitment that the recipient has 
                read and agrees to comply with the Food Recovery 
                Hierarchy of the Environmental Protection Agency, 
                particularly as applied to apparently wholesome food 
                (as defined in section 22(b) of the Child Nutrition Act 
                of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b))) that may be provided to, 
                or received by, the recipient; and
                    ``(B) a written end-product recycling plan that 
                provides for the beneficial use of the material 
                resulting from the anaerobic digester, in a manner that 
                meets all applicable Federal, State, Tribal, and local 
                laws safeguarding human health and the environment.''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 9007(g)(1) of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8107(g)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``fiscal year 2014 and 
        each fiscal year thereafter.'' and inserting ``each of fiscal 
        years 2014 through 2020; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and each 
                fiscal year thereafter, of which not less than 
                $20,000,000 shall be reserved for use for loan 
                guarantees and grants described in subsection 
                (c)(5).''.

SEC. 102. FARM STORAGE FACILITY LOAN PROGRAM.

    Section 1614(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 8789(a)) is amended by striking ``to construct or upgrade 
storage and handling facilities'' and inserting ``to acquire, 
construct, or upgrade storage, handling, and transportation facilities, 
which may include refrigerated vehicles to improve storage and 
marketing and other means to reduce food waste,''.

SEC. 103. COMPOSTING AS CONSERVATION PRACTICE.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 1201(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3801(a)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (27) as 
        paragraphs (4) through (28), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Composting practice.--The term `composting practice' 
        means--
                    ``(A) an activity (including an activity that does 
                not require the use of a composting facility) to 
                produce compost from organic waste that is--
                            ``(i) generated on a farm; or
                            ``(ii) brought to a farm from the nearby 
                        community; and
                    ``(B) the use of compost on a farm to improve water 
                retention and soil health, subject to the condition 
                that such a use shall be in compliance with applicable 
                Federal, State, Tribal, and local laws.''.
    (b) Conservation Stewardship Program.--Section 1238D(2)(B)(i) of 
the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d(2)(B)(i)) is amended by 
inserting ``and composting practices'' after ``agriculture drainage 
management systems''.
    (c) Environmental Quality Incentives Program.--Section 
1240A(4)(A)(ii) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-
1(4)(A)(ii)) is amended by inserting ``, including composting 
practices'' before the semicolon at the end.
    (d) Delivery of Technical Assistance.--Section 1242(h) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842(h)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
            ``(4) Development of composting practice standard.--In 
        addition to conducting a review of any composting facilities 
        practice standard under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        develop and implement a composting practice standard.''.

SEC. 104. STUDY AND REPORT ON METHODS TO DECREASE INCIDENCE OF FOOD 
              WASTE.

    (a) Definition of Agricultural Product.--In this section, the term 
``agricultural product'' has the meaning given the term ``agricultural 
products'' in section 207 of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 
U.S.C. 1626).
    (b) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study regarding--
            (1) new technologies to increase the period during which an 
        agricultural product may be stored before the agricultural 
        product is considered adulterated under State or Federal law; 
        and
            (2) a method to measure the quantity of agricultural 
        product that is not harvested or sent to market each year by 
        the farms that produce the agricultural product.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that 
includes--
            (1) the results of the study conducted under subsection 
        (b); and
            (2) the recommendations of the Secretary with respect to 
        methods of decreasing the incidence of food waste.

                    TITLE II--RETAIL AND RESTAURANTS

SEC. 201. GOOD SAMARITAN FOOD DONATION.

    (a) In General.--The Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1791) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``quality and labeling'' 
                        and inserting ``safety and safety-related 
                        labeling''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``passage of a date on a 
                        date label,'' after ``surplus,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``quality and labeling'' 
                        and inserting ``safety and safety-related 
                        labeling''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``passage of a date on a 
                        date label,'' after ``surplus,'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``not required to 
                give anything of monetary value'' and inserting ``not 
                required to give anything of monetary value or charged 
                a good Samaritan reduced price'';
                    (D) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (9), 
                and (10) as paragraphs (7), (8), (9), (10), and (11), 
                respectively; and
                    (E) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Good samaritan reduced price.--The term `good 
        Samaritan reduced price' means the price of an apparently 
        wholesome food or an apparently fit grocery product that is an 
        amount not greater than the cost of handling, administering, 
        and distributing the apparently wholesome food or apparently 
        fit grocery product.''; and
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or sells at a 
                good Samaritan reduced price'' after ``donates in good 
                faith'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``or from a sale 
                at a good Samaritan reduced price'' after ``donation in 
                good faith'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4);
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Direct donations to needy individuals.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A qualified direct donor 
                described in subparagraph (B) shall not be subject to 
                civil or criminal liability arising from the nature, 
                age, packaging, or condition of apparently wholesome 
                food or an apparently fit grocery product that the 
                qualified direct donor donates in good faith or sells 
                at a good Samaritan reduced price to a needy 
                individual.
                    ``(B) Qualified direct donor described.--A 
                qualified direct donor referred to in subparagraph (A) 
                is a retail grocer, wholesaler, agricultural producer, 
                restaurant, caterer, school food authority, or 
                institution of higher education (as defined in section 
                102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1002)).''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (4) (as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (C)), by striking ``Paragraphs (1) and 
                (2)'' and inserting ``Paragraphs (1), (2), and (3)''.
    (b) Regulations; Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall--
            (1) in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human 
        Services, issue regulations with respect to the safety and 
        safety-related labeling standards of an apparently wholesome 
        food and an apparently fit grocery product under the Bill 
        Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act (42 U.S.C. 1791) (as 
        amended by subsection (a));
            (2) promote awareness of food donation under that Act (as 
        amended by subsection (a)); and
            (3) issue guidance with respect to the amendments made by 
        subsection (a).

SEC. 202. REPORT ON FOOD DONATION BY RETAIL FOOD STORES.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing the 
recommendations of the Secretary with respect to methods of increasing 
food donation by retail food stores, as defined by the Secretary.

SEC. 203. USE OF COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION FUNDS TO COVER EMERGENCY 
              FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAM STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION COSTS.

    Section 204 of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 
7508) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section designation and heading and all 
        that follows through ``available to the States'' in the first 
        sentence of subsection (a)(1) and inserting the following:

``SEC. 204. FUNDS FOR STATE STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION COSTS.

    ``(a) Authorization.--
            ``(1) Processing, storage, transport, and distribution.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Using funds of the Commodity 
                Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make available 
                to the States $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and 
                each fiscal year thereafter'';
            (2) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``Funds 
                appropriated'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(B) Method of allocation.--Funds made 
                available''; and
                    (B) in the third sentence, by striking ``If a 
                State'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(C) Unused funds.--If a State''; and
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``(b) The value'' and inserting the 
                following:
    ``(b) Treatment.--The value''; and
                    (B) by striking ``appropriations made or authorized 
                under this section'' and inserting ``amounts made 
                available under subsection (a)(1)''.

SEC. 204. EXPANSION OF CHARITABLE DEDUCTION FOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF FOOD 
              INVENTORY.

    (a) Nonprofit Retail Sales.--Section 170(e)(3)(C) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new 
clause:
                            ``(vii) Nonprofit retail sale.--For 
                        purposes of clause (i), a charitable 
                        contribution of food includes a contribution to 
                        or for the use of an organization described in 
                        subsection (c) that is a food bank, food 
                        pantry, soup kitchen, or other similar 
                        organization which holds such food for 
                        nonprofit retail sale. For purposes of the 
                        preceding sentence, the terms `food bank', 
                        `food pantry', and `soup kitchen' have the 
                        meanings given such terms by section 201A of 
                        the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 
                        U.S.C. 7501).''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
subsection, the amendment made by this section shall apply to 
contributions made after the date of the enactment of this Act, in 
taxable years ending after such date.

               TITLE III--SCHOOLS AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS

SEC. 301. AMENDMENTS TO FEDERAL FOOD DONATION ACT.

    (a) Purpose.--Section 2 of the Federal Food Donation Act of 2008 
(Public Law 110-247; 42 U.S.C. 1792 note) is amended by striking 
``encourage'' and inserting ``require''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 3 of the Federal Food Donation Act of 
2008 (Public Law 110-247; 42 U.S.C. 1792 note) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (4) and (5), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Executive agency.--The term `executive agency' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 133 of title 41, United 
        States Code.''.
    (c) Report on Food Waste by Certain Federal Contractors.--Section 4 
of the Federal Food Donation Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-247; 42 U.S.C. 
1792) is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Requirement.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Act, the Federal Acquisition Regulation 
        issued in accordance with section 1121 of title 41, United 
        States Code, shall be revised to provide that, except as 
        provided in paragraph (2), all contracts of more than $10,000 
        for the provision, service, or sale of food in the United 
        States, or for the lease or rental of Federal property to a 
        private entity for events at which food is provided in the 
        United States, shall include a clause that--
                    ``(A) requires the donation of excess, apparently 
                wholesome food to nonprofit organizations that provide 
                assistance to food-insecure people in the United 
                States;
                    ``(B) states the terms and conditions described in 
                subsection (b); and
                    ``(C) requires the annual submission, in a form and 
                manner specified by the executive agency awarding the 
                contract, of the report described in subsection (d).
            ``(2) Exception.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a 
        contract with an executive agency that has issued a regulation 
        in effect on the date of enactment of the Act that prohibits a 
        donation described in paragraph (1)(A).'';
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(c) Application to Congress.--
            ``(1) Contracts.--This Act shall apply to the House of 
        Representatives and to contracts entered into by the House of 
        Representatives, and to the Senate and to contracts entered 
        into by the Senate, in the same manner and to the same extent 
        as this Act applies to an executive agency and to contracts 
        entered into by an executive agency.
            ``(2) Administration.--For purposes of carrying out 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) the Chief Administrative Officer of the House 
                of Representatives shall be considered to be the head 
                of the House of Representatives; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary of the Senate shall be 
                considered to be the head of the Senate.
    ``(d) Data; Reports.--
            ``(1) Report described.--The report described in this 
        subsection, with respect to a contract described in subsection 
        (a) entered into by a contractor and an executive agency, is a 
        report from the contractor to the executive agency that 
        describes, for each month of performance of the contract during 
        the year covered by the report, the weight of apparently 
        wholesome food that was, pursuant to the contract, disposed of 
        in each of the following manners:
                    ``(A) Donation.--Donation by the contractor 
                pursuant to this Act (organized by the name of the 
                organization receiving such food).
                    ``(B) Composting.--Composting or other recycling by 
                the contractor.
                    ``(C) Discarding.--Discarding by the contractor 
                (organized by the reason such food was so discarded).
            ``(2) Reports to omb.--Not later than 30 days after the 
        date that an executive agency receives a report pursuant to 
        paragraph (1)(C), the agency shall submit a copy of the report 
        to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
            ``(3) Reports to congress.--The Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget shall submit to Congress an annual report 
        aggregating the information in the reports received pursuant to 
        paragraph (2) during the year covered by the report.''.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--The Federal Food Donation Act 
of 2008 (42 U.S.C. 1792) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
Agriculture to carry out this Act $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and 
each fiscal year thereafter.''.

SEC. 302. SCHOOL FOOD RECOVERY PROGRAM.

    (a) School Food Waste Reduction Grant Program.--Section 18 of the 
Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769) is 
amended by inserting before subsection (b) the following:
    ``(a) School Food Waste Reduction Grant Program.--
            ``(1) Grant program established.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                program to make grants, on a competitive basis, to 
                eligible local educational agencies to carry out food 
                waste measurement and reporting, prevention, education, 
                and reduction projects.
                    ``(B) Regional balance.--In awarding grants under 
                this subsection, the Secretary shall, to the maximum 
                extent practicable, ensure that--
                            ``(i) a grant is awarded to an eligible 
                        local educational agency in each region served 
                        by the Administrator of the Food and Nutrition 
                        Service; and
                            ``(ii) equitable treatment of rural, urban, 
                        and tribal communities.
            ``(2) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this subsection, an eligible local educational agency shall 
        submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
        require.
            ``(3) Priority.--In making grants under this subsection the 
        Secretary shall give priority to an eligible local educational 
        agency that demonstrates in the application under paragraph (2) 
        that such eligible local educational agency will use the grant 
        to--
                    ``(A) carry out experiential education activities 
                that encourage children enrolled in such eligible local 
                educational agency to participate in food waste 
                measurement and education;
                    ``(B) prioritize the best use of food in accordance 
                with the Food Recovery Hierarchy published by the 
                Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;
                    ``(C) with respect to food waste prevention and 
                reduction, collaborate with other eligible local 
                educational agencies, tribes, nongovernmental and 
                community-based organizations, and other community 
                partners;
                    ``(D) evaluate the activities described in 
                subparagraphs (A) through (C) and make evaluation 
                plans; and
                    ``(E) establish a food waste measurement, 
                prevention, and reduction project with long-term 
                sustainability.
            ``(4) Federal share.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Federal share of a food 
                waste measurement, prevention, and reduction project 
                funded through a grant awarded under this subsection 
                shall not exceed 75 percent of the total cost of such 
                food waste reduction project.
                    ``(B) Federal matching.--As a condition of 
                receiving a grant under this subsection, an eligible 
                local educational agency shall provide matching funds 
                in the form of cash or in-kind contributions, including 
                facilities, equipment, or services provided by State 
                and local governments, nonprofit organizations, and 
                private sources.
            ``(5) Use of funds.--An eligible local educational agency 
        that receives a grant under this section shall use funds under 
        such grant to carry out at least one of the following:
                    ``(A) Planning a food waste measurement, 
                prevention, and reduction project.
                    ``(B) Carrying out activities under such a project.
                    ``(C) Providing training to support such a project.
                    ``(D) Purchasing equipment to support such a 
                project.
                    ``(E) Offering food waste education to students 
                enrolled in such eligible local educational agency.
            ``(6) Evaluation.--
                    ``(A) Agreement.--As a condition of receiving a 
                grant under this subsection, each eligible local 
                educational agency shall agree to cooperate in an 
                evaluation by the Secretary of the project carried out 
                using grant funds.
                    ``(B) Periodic evaluation.--Not later than 2 years 
                after the date of the enactment of this paragraph and 
                every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall carry out 
                an evaluation of the grants made under this section 
                that includes--
                            ``(i) the amount of Federal funds used to 
                        carry out such grants; and
                            ``(ii) an evaluation of the outcomes of the 
                        projects carried out pursuant to such grants.
            ``(7) Definition of eligible local educational agency.--In 
        this subsection, the term `eligible local educational agency' 
        means a local educational agency that participates in the 
        school lunch program under this Act or the school breakfast 
        program established under section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act 
        of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773).''.
    (b) Technical Assistance.--Section 21(b) of the Richard B. Russell 
National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769b-1(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) food waste measurement, prevention, and reduction.''.

SEC. 303. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE SERVICE LEARNING PROGRAM.

    Section 413 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education 
Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7633) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(4), by inserting ``to promote 
        agricultural education, to raise awareness regarding the 
        consequences of wasted food, and to encourage the 
        implementation of food recovery initiatives to reduce the 
        quantity of wasted food'' before the semicolon;
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and 
                        where food comes from; and'' and inserting ``, 
                        where food comes from, the consequences of food 
                        waste, and food recovery initiatives;'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) have the capacity to carry out national or 
                regional projects that include 2 or more States.''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Reservation.--The majority of the funds made 
        available to carry out this subsection shall be reserved for 
        projects that--
                    ``(A) are larger in scale as compared to other 
                proposed projects;
                    ``(B) are national or regional in scope; and
                    ``(C) include 2 or more States.''; and
            (3) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``$25,000,000, to 
        remain available until expended'' and inserting ``$5,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025''.

SEC. 304. MODIFICATION OF NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM PROCUREMENT 
              REQUIREMENTS TO ENCOURAGE PURCHASE OF LOWER-PRICE, 
              NONSTANDARD-SIZE OR -SHAPE PRODUCE.

    Section 9(a)(4)(C) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch 
Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(a)(4)(C)) is amended by striking clause (ii) and 
inserting the following:
                            ``(ii) in the product specifications and 
                        practices required under clause (i), encourage 
                        State departments of agriculture and education, 
                        school food authorities, local educational 
                        agencies, and local processing entities to 
                        purchase lower-price, nonstandard-size or -
                        shape produce to be used in school nutrition 
                        programs under this Act and the Child Nutrition 
                        Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.); and''.

                      TITLE IV--FOOD DATE LABELING

SEC. 401. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Food Date Labeling Act of 2020''.

SEC. 402. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Administering secretaries.--The term ``administering 
        Secretaries'' means--
                    (A) the Secretary of Agriculture with respect to 
                any product that is under the Secretary of 
                Agriculture's jurisdiction and is--
                            (i) a poultry product, as defined in 
                        section 4 of the Poultry Products Inspection 
                        Act (21 U.S.C. 453);
                            (ii) a meat food product, as defined in 
                        section 1 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act 
                        (21 U.S.C. 601); or
                            (iii) an egg product, as defined in section 
                        4 of the Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 
                        1033); and
                    (B) the Secretary of Health and Human Services with 
                respect to any product that is under the Secretary of 
                Health and Human Services' jurisdiction and is a food 
                (as defined in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, 
                and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321)).
            (2) Discard date.--The term ``discard date'' means a date 
        voluntarily printed on food packaging, which signifies the end 
        of the estimated period of shelf life under any stated storage 
        conditions, after which the food labeler advises the product 
        not be consumed.
            (3) Food labeler.--The term ``food labeler'' means the 
        producer, manufacturer, distributor, or retailer that places a 
        date label on food packaging of a product.
            (4) Quality date.--The term ``quality date'' means a date 
        voluntarily printed on food packaging that is intended to 
        communicate to consumers the date after which--
                    (A) the quality of the product may begin to 
                deteriorate; but
                    (B) the product remains apparently wholesome food 
                (as defined in subsection (b)(2) of section 22 of the 
                Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b)(2)); 
                also known as the Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food 
                Donation Act).

SEC. 403. QUALITY DATES AND DISCARD DATES.

    (a) Quality Dates.--
            (1) In general.--If a food labeler includes a quality date 
        on food packaging, the label shall use the uniform quality date 
        label phrase under paragraph (2).
            (2) Uniform phrase.--The uniform quality date label phrase 
        under this paragraph shall be ``BEST If Used By'' or, if 
        permissible under subsection (c)(3), the standard abbreviation 
        of ``BB'', unless and until the administering Secretaries, 
        acting jointly, specify through rulemaking another uniform 
        phrase to be used for purposes of complying with paragraph (1).
            (3) Option of the labeler.--The decisions on whether to 
        include a quality date on food packaging and which foods should 
        be so labeled shall be at the discretion of the food labeler.
    (b) Discard Dates.--
            (1) In general.--If a food labeler includes a discard date 
        on food packaging, the label shall use the uniform discard date 
        label phrase under paragraph (2).
            (2) Uniform phrase.--The uniform discard date label phrase 
        under this paragraph shall be ``USE By'' or, if permissible 
        under subsection (c)(3), the standard abbreviation of ``UB'', 
        unless and until the administering Secretaries, acting jointly, 
        specify through rulemaking another uniform phrase to be used 
        for purposes of complying with paragraph (1).
            (3) Option of the labeler.--The decisions on whether to 
        include a discard date on food packaging and which foods should 
        be so labeled shall be at the discretion of the food labeler.
    (c) Quality Date and Discard Date Labeling.--
            (1) In general.--The quality date or discard date, as 
        applicable, and immediately adjacent uniform quality date label 
        phrase or discard date label phrase--
                    (A) shall be--
                            (i) in single easy-to-read type style; and
                            (ii) located in a conspicuous place on the 
                        package of the food; and
                    (B) may be on the label or, at the discretion of 
                the food labeler, elsewhere on the package.
            (2) Date format.--Each quality date and discard date shall 
        be stated in terms of day and month and, as appropriate, year.
            (3) Abbreviations.--A food labeler may use a standard 
        abbreviation of ``BB'' and ``UB'' for the quality date and 
        discard date, respectively, only if the food packaging is too 
        small to include the uniform phrase described in subsection 
        (a)(2) or (b)(2), as applicable.
            (4) Freeze by.--A food labeler may add ``or Freeze By'' 
        following a quality date or discard date uniform phrase.
    (d) Infant Formula.--This title and the amendments made by this 
title--
            (1) do not apply with respect to infant formula (as defined 
        in section 201(z) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
        (21 U.S.C. 321(z))); and
            (2) shall not be construed to affect the requirements 
        pertaining to infant formula under section 412 of the Federal 
        Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 350a) and other 
        applicable provisions of law.
    (e) Education.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the administering Secretaries, acting jointly, shall 
provide consumer education and outreach on the meaning of quality date 
and discard date food labels.
    (f) Rule of Construction; Preemption.--
            (1) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this title or the 
        amendments made by this title shall be construed to prohibit 
        any State or political subdivision of a State from establishing 
        or continuing in effect any requirement that prohibits the sale 
        or donation of foods based on passage of the discard date.
            (2) Preemption.--No State or political subdivision of a 
        State may establish or continue in effect any requirement 
        that--
                    (A) relates to the inclusion in food labeling of a 
                quality date or a discard date that is different from 
                or in addition to, or that is otherwise not identical 
                with, the requirements of this title and the amendments 
                made by this title; or
                    (B) prohibits the sale or donation of foods based 
                on passage of the quality date.
            (3) Enforcement.--The administering Secretaries, acting 
        jointly and in coordination with the Federal Trade Commission, 
        shall ensure that the uniform quality date label phrase and 
        uniform discard date label phrase are standardized across all 
        food products.
            (4) Savings.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), nothing in 
        this title, nor any amendment made by this title, nor any 
        standard or requirement imposed pursuant to this title, shall 
        be construed to preempt, displace, or supplant any State or 
        Federal common law rights or any State or Federal statute 
        creating a remedy for civil relief, including those for civil 
        damage, or a penalty for criminal conduct.
    (g) Time Temperature Indicator Labels.--Nothing in this title or 
the amendments made by this title shall be construed to prohibit or 
restrict the use of time-temperature indicator labels or similar 
technology that is in addition to or in lieu of any uniform quality 
date label phrase under subsection (a)(2) or uniform discard date label 
phrase under subsection (b)(2).

SEC. 404. MISBRANDING.

    (a) FDA Violations.--Section 403 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(z) If it is food and its labeling is in violation of section 403 
of the Food Date Labeling Act of 2020.''.
    (b) Poultry Products.--Section 4(h) of the Poultry Products 
Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 453(h)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) if its labeling is in violation of section 403 of 
        the Food Date Labeling Act of 2020.''.
    (c) Meat Products.--Section 1(n) of the Federal Meat Inspection Act 
(21 U.S.C. 601(n)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) if its labeling is in violation of section 403 of 
        the Food Date Labeling Act of 2020.''.
    (d) Egg Products.--Section 7(b) of the Egg Products Inspection Act 
(21 U.S.C. 1036(b)) is amended in the first sentence by adding before 
the period at the end ``or if its labeling is in violation of section 
403 of the Food Date Labeling Act of 2020''.

SEC. 405. REGULATIONS.

    Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretaries, acting jointly, shall promulgate final regulations for 
carrying out the provisions of this title and the amendments made by 
this title.

SEC. 406. DELAYED APPLICABILITY.

    This title and the amendments made by this title shall apply only 
with respect to food products that are labeled on or after the date 
that is 2 years after the date of promulgation of final regulations 
under section 405.

              TITLE V--CONSUMERS AND LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE

SEC. 501. SUPPORT FOR NATIONAL MEDIA CAMPAIGNS TO DECREASE INCIDENCE OF 
              FOOD WASTE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall support national media 
campaigns to decrease the incidence of food waste.
    (b) Mandatory Funding.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall use $8,000,000 of 
        funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation to carry out this 
        section for fiscal year 2021.
            (2) Availability.--Funds described in paragraph (1) shall 
        remain available until expended.

SEC. 502. INCREASE IN RESOURCES FOR COMMUNITY FACILITIES LOANS DIRECTED 
              AT COMPOSTING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FOOD WASTE-TO-
              ENERGY OPERATIONS.

    Section 306(a)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(1)) is amended by inserting after the first 
sentence the following: ``5 percent of the amounts made available for 
each fiscal year for loans for essential community facilities under the 
preceding sentence shall be reserved for loans, in accordance with 
subsection (c)(2), for municipal or county composting, anaerobic 
digestion food waste-to-energy projects, and the conversion of animal 
waste products into industrial products or into raw materials that can 
be converted into finished products other than by anaerobic digestion 
or the production of bioethanol through fermentation. The Secretary 
shall not make or insure a loan under the preceding sentence to an 
entity that will use the amounts under the loan for an anaerobic 
digester that uses solely manure as undigested biomass, and shall give 
preference to loans under the preceding sentence for anaerobic 
digesters that use primarily nonedible food, crop waste, or nonedible 
food and crop waste as undigested biomass.''.

SEC. 503. EXPANSION OF RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE WATER AND WASTE DISPOSAL 
              PROGRAM TO PROVIDE LOANS AND GRANTS FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES 
              TO ADAPT WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES TO INCORPORATE 
              ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FOOD WASTE-TO-ENERGY OPERATIONS.

    Section 306 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926) is amended by inserting after subsection (b) the 
following:
    ``(c) Water or Waste Disposal Loans and Grants for Projects To 
Incorporate Anaerobic Digestion Food Waste-to-Energy Operations in 
Waste Disposal Facilities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, beginning in fiscal year 2021, in addition to any other 
        amounts available for water or waste disposal loans and grants 
        under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a), $50,000,000 of 
        the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation for each fiscal 
        year shall be available for those loans and grants, of which 
        the Secretary shall use--
                    ``(A) $25,000,000 for loans, in accordance with 
                paragraph (2), for the adaptation of waste disposal 
                facilities to incorporate anaerobic digestion food 
                waste-to-energy operations; and
                    ``(B) $25,000,000 for grants, in accordance with 
                paragraph (2), for the adaptation of waste disposal 
                facilities to incorporate anaerobic digestion food 
                waste-to-energy operations.
            ``(2) Requirements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A loan or grant is made in 
                accordance with this paragraph if, before making the 
                loan or grant, the Secretary has obtained from the 
                recipient of the loan or grant--
                            ``(i) a written commitment that the 
                        recipient has read and agrees to comply with 
                        the Food Recovery Hierarchy of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency, particularly 
                        as applied to apparently wholesome food (as 
                        defined in section 22(b) of the Child Nutrition 
                        Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b))) that may be 
                        provided to or received by the recipient; and
                            ``(ii) a written end-product recycling plan 
                        that provides for the beneficial use of the 
                        material resulting from any anaerobic digestion 
                        food waste-to-energy operation with respect to 
                        which the loan or grant is made, in a manner 
                        that meets all applicable Federal, State, 
                        Tribal, and local laws that protect human 
                        health and the environment.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--A loan or grant under paragraph 
                (1) may not be used for an anaerobic digester that uses 
                solely manure as undigested biomass.
                    ``(C) Preference.--The Secretary shall give 
                preference to loans and grants under paragraph (1) for 
                anaerobic digesters that use primarily nonedible food, 
                crop waste, or nonedible food and crop waste as 
                undigested biomass.
            ``(3) Availability.--Funds made available under paragraph 
        (1) shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 504. GRANTS FOR COMPOSTING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FOOD WASTE-TO-
              ENERGY PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle G of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 
U.S.C. 6971 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 7011. GRANTS FOR COMPOSTING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION FOOD WASTE-
              TO-ENERGY PROJECTS.

    ``(a) Grants.--The Administrator shall establish a grant program to 
award grants to States and Tribes eligible to receive the grants under 
subsection (b)(1) to construct large-scale composting or anaerobic 
digestion food waste-to-energy projects.
    ``(b) Eligible States.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible to receive a 
        grant under this section, a State or Tribe shall--
                    ``(A) have in effect a plan to limit the quantity 
                of food waste that may be disposed of in landfills in 
                the State or Tribe; and
                    ``(B) provide to the Administrator--
                            ``(i) a written commitment that the State 
                        has read and agrees to comply with the Food 
                        Recovery Hierarchy of the Environmental 
                        Protection Agency, particularly as applied to 
                        apparently wholesome food (as defined in 
                        section 22(b) of the Child Nutrition Act of 
                        1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b))) that may be provided 
                        to or received by the State; and
                            ``(ii) a written end-product recycling plan 
                        that provides for the beneficial use of the 
                        material resulting from any anaerobic digestion 
                        food waste-to-energy operation with respect to 
                        which the loan or grant is made, in a manner 
                        that meets all applicable Federal, State, 
                        Tribal, and local laws that protect human 
                        health and the environment.
            ``(2) Limitation.--A grant under subsection (a) may not be 
        used for an anaerobic digester that uses solely manure as 
        undigested biomass.
            ``(3) Preference.--The Administrator shall give preference 
        to grants under subsection (a) for anaerobic digesters that use 
        primarily nonedible food, crop waste, or nonedible food and 
        crop waste as undigested biomass.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $100,000,000 for each fiscal 
year.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Solid Waste 
Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.) is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 7010 the following:

``Sec. 7011. Grants for composting and anaerobic digestion food waste-
                            to-energy projects.''.

SEC. 505. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE AUDIT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States (referred to 
in this section as the ``Comptroller General'') shall conduct an audit 
to assess estimates of postharvest food loss and waste in the United 
States, including estimates by the Department of Agriculture and other 
government, academic, and industry stakeholders.
    (b) Requirements.--The Comptroller General, as part of the audit 
conducted under subsection (a)--
            (1) shall--
                    (A) assess the extent to which the estimates 
                described in that subsection provide a valid benchmark 
                for the amount and value of postharvest food loss and 
                waste in the United States;
                    (B) evaluate the reliability of the data, and the 
                validity and accuracy of the assumptions and models, 
                underlying the estimates; and
                    (C) if appropriate, include recommendations to 
                improve the estimates; and
            (2) if the Comptroller General determines that the 
        estimates described in that subsection are invalid under 
        paragraph (1)(A), may conduct an estimate of postharvest food 
        loss and waste in the United States.

SEC. 506. FOOD WASTE RECOVERY TRANSPORTATION GRANTS.

    (a) Authority To Provide Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts made available to carry out 
        this section, the Secretary of Agriculture shall make grants to 
        assist an eligible entity with--
                    (A) purchasing, leasing, or otherwise acquiring 
                vehicles, including refrigerated vehicles, or other 
                equipment to carry out activities related to food 
                recovery;
                    (B) reimbursing travel costs related to food 
                recovery at the per mile rate established by the 
                Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service; and
                    (C) the costs of preparing, storing, and 
                transporting donated food.
            (2) Limitation.--An eligible entity may only receive one 
        grant under this section.
    (b) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
subsection (a), an eligible entity shall submit an application to the 
Secretary of Agriculture, at such time, in such manner, and containing 
such information as the Secretary of Agriculture may require.
    (c) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible for a grant under subsection 
(a), a public food program service provider, a tribal organization, or 
a private nonprofit entity (including a gleaner) shall--
            (1) have experience in the area of--
                    (A) food recovery and distribution, particularly 
                concerning small and medium-sized farms;
                    (B) job training and business development 
                activities for food-related activities in low-income 
                communities; or
                    (C) efforts to reduce food insecurity in the 
                community, including food recovery and distribution, 
                improving access to services, or coordinating services 
                and programs; and
            (2) demonstrate competency to implement a project, provide 
        fiscal accountability, collect data, and prepare reports and 
        other necessary documentation.
    (d) Gleaner Defined.--In this section, the term ``gleaner'' has the 
meaning given the term in section 25(a)(2) of the Food and Nutrition 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2034(a)(2)).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to carry 
out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2021.

SEC. 507. FOOD WASTE RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison of 
the Department of Agriculture (in this section referred to as the 
``Liaison'') shall establish a partnership with 5 regional partner 
institutions, selected under section 4, to carry out a Food Waste 
Research Program (in this section referred to as the ``Program'').
    (b) Food Waste Research Program Requirements.--
            (1) Duties.--In carrying out the Program, the Liaison, in 
        partnership with the 5 regional partner institutions selected 
        under section 4, shall--
                    (A) plan, conduct, and arrange for public research, 
                data, education, and recommendations within the areas 
                of study specified in subsection (b), as such areas 
                relate to food waste reduction and food recovery issues 
                nationwide, regionally, and locally;
                    (B) carry out the activities of the Program within 
                a variety of regions in the United States, which are 
                identified and categorized by the Liaison based on the 
                specific food recovery and food waste reduction issues 
                of such regions;
                    (C) identify areas to increase efficiency in the 
                allocation of resources, coordination, cooperation, and 
                consolidation of efforts as they relate to local, 
                statewide, Tribal, regional, and Federal food recovery 
                and food waste reduction efforts;
                    (D) create a Program website, as described in 
                subsection (d), to disseminate information to the 
                public; and
                    (E) collaborate with other colleges, universities, 
                and nonprofit organizations in the regions selected by 
                the Liaison that have demonstrated capability for 
                research, information dissemination, and professional 
                training in order to develop regional networks that are 
                knowledgeable in food waste reduction issues.
            (2) Areas of study.--In carrying out the duties listed in 
        subsection (a), the Liaison and the regional partner 
        institutions shall consider the following areas of study:
                    (A) Reducing the volume of surplus food produced.
                    (B) Feeding individuals in need to utilize excess 
                food, including through the use of donations of surplus 
                food.
                    (C) Diverting food unusable for purposes of 
                paragraph (2) to feed animals.
                    (D) Utilizing food waste to create renewable energy 
                sources.
                    (E) Composting food waste to create nutrient rich 
                soil.
                    (F) Diminishing the deposits of food waste in 
                landfills and reducing the incineration of food waste.
            (3) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--The Liaison may make funds 
                available under this section to improve the facilities 
                of the regional partner institutions to a level that 
                meets the requirements of the role of a regional 
                partner institution.
                    (B) Plan.--A regional partner institution may not 
                receive any funding for any facility upgrade under 
                paragraph (1), unless--
                            (i) the regional partner institution 
                        submits to the Liaison a plan detailing the 
                        type of facility construction or improvements 
                        to take place (including any land acquisition, 
                        engineering, design, and staffing and equipment 
                        needs, in addition to other information as 
                        required by the Liaison); and
                            (ii) the Liaison approves such plan.
                    (C) Non-federal cost share for facility 
                improvement.--A regional partner institutions shall be 
                required to provide at least a 20 percent non-Federal 
                cost share for facility improvement or construction 
                projects pursued by a regional partner institution 
                under paragraph (1).
                    (D) Matching funds for operating expenses.--A 
                regional partner institution shall be required to 
                provide at least a 30 percent non-Federal cost share 
                for all Program operating expenses related to such 
                regional partner institution.
                    (E) Wage rate requirements.--A construction 
                activity carried out pursuant to this section shall 
                meet Federal prevailing wage requirements as determined 
                by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter 
                IV of chapter 31 of part A of subtitle II of title 40, 
                United States Code, (commonly referred to as the 
                ``Davis-Bacon Act'').
            (4) Food waste research program website.--The Liaison shall 
        establish a website that shall contain at least the following 
        information:
                    (A) Key findings and best practices.
                    (B) A list of collaborations and partnerships 
                carried out pursuant to this section.
                    (C) Annual reports and other pertinent information 
                on the duties of the Program.
                    (D) The location and contact information for 
                regional partner institutions.
                    (E) Federal, State, local, and regionally specific 
                public research, data, education, and policy 
                recommendations that shall be updated in a timely 
                manner with new information.
                    (F) Tools for tracking reduction efforts and 
                measuring food waste production.
    (c) Selection of Regional Partner Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this section, the Liaison shall select 5 
        regional partner institutions to partner with to carry out the 
        requirements of the Program under section 3.
            (2) Criteria for regional partner institutions.--In making 
        a selection under subsection (a), the Liaison shall select an 
        institution of higher education that--
                    (A) has a focus or expertise in at least one of the 
                areas of study described in section 3(b);
                    (B) has the ability to plan, conduct, and arrange 
                for public research, data, education, and 
                recommendations related to food waste reduction and the 
                areas of study described in section 3(b);
                    (C) can assist the Liaison in fulfilling the duties 
                listed in section 3(a);
                    (D) can contribute the required non-Federal funding 
                to maintain a regional partner institution center; and
                    (E) satisfies any other criteria determined by the 
                Liaison.
            (3) Eligible sub-awardees.--A State, Tribal, or local 
        government, local educational agency, agricultural or commodity 
        organization, farmer, or other organization focused on food 
        waste prevention may serve as an eligible sub-awardee of a 
        regional partner institution if the entity meets the 
        requirements of paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection (b) of 
        this section.
            (4) Employment status.--Members of regional partner 
        institutions shall not be considered Federal employees for any 
        purpose.
    (d) Collaboration With Federal, Regional, State, Tribal, and Local 
Governments and Organizations.--The Liaison, in conjunction with the 5 
regional partner institutions selected under section 4 shall 
collaborate and share best practices on regional, State, Tribal, and 
locally specific food waste and food waste reduction issues with--
            (1) State and county governments;
            (2) Tribal governments;
            (3) units of local government;
            (4) local educational entities;
            (5) colleges and universities;
            (6) agricultural and commodity organizations;
            (7) farmers; and
            (8) organizations focused on food waste prevention.
    (e) Information Collection and Dissemination.--
            (1) Report of regional partner institutions.--Not later 
        than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, 
        and annually thereafter, the regional partnership institutions 
        shall submit to the Liaison a report containing the activities, 
        partnerships, collaborations, Federal policy recommendations, 
        previous and continuing budgets, findings, and any other 
        applicable information carried out under the Program.
            (2) Liaison report.--Not later than 15 months after the 
        date of the enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, 
        the Liaison shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and publish on the 
        Program website an annual report containing a compilation of 
        the activities, partnerships, collaborations, Federal policy 
        recommendations, previous and continuing budgets, findings, and 
        any other applicable information relating to the Program.
            (3) Review of report.--The Liaison shall review the annual 
        report from the regional partner institutions to ensure that 
        funds are being used efficiently according to the duties of the 
        Program and that the Program is producing utilizable public 
        research, data, education, and recommendations related to food 
        waste and food waste reduction issues.

SEC. 508. GRANTS TO RESEARCH CENTERS OR NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Grant Authority.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this section, the Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison of 
the Department of Agriculture (in this section referred to as the 
``Liaison'') shall establish a grant program under which the Liaison 
shall make grants to eligible entities, on a competitive basis, to 
establish contracts or cooperative agreements described in subsection 
(c) of section 224 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act 
of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6924(c)) with such eligible entities to carry out the 
duties described in subsection (b) of such section.
    (b) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an eligible entity shall submit to the Liaison an application 
at such time and in such manner as the Liaison may require.
    (c) Criteria.--In making grants under this section, the Liaison 
shall consider, with respect to each applicant, the following:
            (1) The alignment of food loss and recovery programs and 
        resources developed by such applicant with the Environmental 
        Protection Agency Food Recovery Hierarchy.
            (2) The ability of the facilities and resources of such 
        applicant to develop and deliver food loss reduction and 
        recovery programs.
            (3) The experience of such applicant in developing high-
        impact food loss reduction and recovery programs and resources 
        at the State, Tribal, regional, or national scale.
            (4) Previous collaboration of such applicant with other 
        food loss reduction and recovery focused organizations in the 
        private, nonprofit, and government sectors.
            (5) Any other information that the Liaison shall require.
    (d) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives a grant under 
this section shall use such grant to carry out the activities described 
in subsection (c) of section 224 of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6924(c)) to accomplish the duties 
described in subsection (b) of such section.
    (e) Duration.--Each grant under this section shall be for a period 
of 3 years.
    (f) Grant Renewal.--The Liaison may renew a grant under this 
section for an additional period of 3 years.
    (g) Federal Share.--The Federal share of a grant under this section 
shall not exceed 70 percent of the costs of the activities carried out 
under this section.
    (h) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Liaison shall 
submit to Congress a report describing the activities conducted under 
this section and the effects of such activities on food loss and waste 
reduction nationally.
    (i) Eligible Entity Defined.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a 
research center or nonprofit organization described in section 224(c) 
of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6924(c)).
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