Title: Promoting American National Security and Preventing the Resurgence of ISIS Act of 2019
Policy area: International Affairs

Summary:
Promoting American National Security and Preventing the Resurgence of ISIS Act of 2019
This bill requires the Department of State to develop a strategy to prevent the resurgence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), authorizes humanitarian assistance for Syrian civilians, restricts arms sales to Turkey, and imposes sanctions against Turkey and Russia.
As part of the strategy to prevent the resurgence of ISIS, the bill requires the State Department to report on (1) the Turkish incursion into Syria; (2) Turkey's participation in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; (3) the estimated net worth of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan; and (4) foreign persons determined to have knowingly provided defense articles, services, or technology to Turkey that could be used in its operations in Syria. Further, the State Department must brief Congress on Russian and Iranian influence in Syria, U.S. activities to counter such influence, and the ability of ISIS to reconstitute.
The President must oppose loans to Turkey from international finance institutions and impose sanctions against identified foreign persons that provided Turkey with defense articles, services, or technology for its operations in Syria. The bill also authorizes the President to provide humanitarian assistance to the people of Syria, and it requires the State Department to give priority designation to certain Syrian Kurds as refugees of special humanitarian concern.
Additionally, the bill prohibits the sale of arms to Turkey for its operations in Syria, and it imposes sanctions against persons providing arms to Turkish forces in Syria. It also imposes sanctions against senior Turkish government officials, financial institutions that facilitate transactions for Turkish Armed Forces, and Russian persons supporting the Assad regime.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2641 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2641

 To promote United States national security and prevent the resurgence 
                    of ISIS, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            October 17, 2019

    Mr. Risch (for himself, Mr. Menendez, Mr. Rubio, Mr. Jones, Mr. 
  Gardner, and Mr. Barrasso) introduced the following bill; which was 
     read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To promote United States national security and prevent the resurgence 
                    of ISIS, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Promoting American 
National Security and Preventing the Resurgence of ISIS Act of 2019''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
                 TITLE I--PROMOTING STABILITY IN SYRIA

Sec. 101. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 102. Findings.
Sec. 103. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 104. Strategy to prevent the resurgence of the Islamic State of 
                            Iraq and Al-Sham (ISIS) and its affiliates.
Sec. 105. Briefings on Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria.
Sec. 106. Humanitarian assistance to the people of Syria.
Sec. 107. Report on accountability for violations of international law, 
                            including war crimes, and other harm to 
                            civilians in Syria during the Turkish 
                            incursion.
Sec. 108. Restriction on arms sales to Turkey.
Sec. 109. Opposition to loans from international financial institutions 
                            that benefit the Government of Turkey.
Sec. 110. Statement of policy on denouncing targeting of Kurdish 
                            minority at the United Nations.
Sec. 111. Participation of Turkey in NATO.
Sec. 112. Report on net worth of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
               TITLE II--KURDISH REFUGEE CRISIS IN SYRIA

Sec. 201. Findings.
Sec. 202. United States refugee program priorities.
                          TITLE III--SANCTIONS

Sec. 301. Definitions.
Sec. 302. Imposition of sanctions with respect to senior officials of 
                            the Government of Turkey.
Sec. 303. Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons 
                            providing arms to Turkish forces in Syria.
Sec. 304. Imposition of sanctions with respect to financial 
                            institutions that facilitate transactions 
                            for Turkish Armed Forces.
Sec. 305. Imposition of CAATSA section 231 sanctions against Turkey.
Sec. 306. Imposition of sanctions with respect to support by the 
                            Russian Federation for the Assad regime.
Sec. 307. Sanctions described.
Sec. 308. Implementation; regulations; penalties.
                    TITLE IV--TERMINATION PROVISIONS

Sec. 401. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 402. Termination of certain requirements.
Sec. 403. Humanitarian waiver.
Sec. 404. Sunset.

                 TITLE I--PROMOTING STABILITY IN SYRIA

SEC. 101. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 102. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) have fought on the 
        frontlines against the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham 
        (ISIS), in close partnership with the United States and United 
        States allies.
            (2) While territorial gains have been made, the Department 
        of Defense, as of August 2019, estimates that ISIS likely 
        retains between 14,000 and 18,000 ``members'' in Iraq and 
        Syria, including up to 3,000 foreigners.
            (3) Since 2015, the United States Government has deployed 
        members of the United States Armed Forces to Syria for the 
        purpose of the counter-ISIS campaign, in an advise, assist, and 
        accompany role, working closely with the SDF.
            (4) The congressionally mandated Syria Study Group in 
        September 2019 found, ``Although the United States military 
        mission in Syria is often lumped together with the Iraq and 
        Afghanistan missions in the `forever war' category, the Syria 
        case offers a different, and far less costly, model. A small 
        United States military footprint, supported by United States 
        air power and other high-end capabilities, reinforced by a 
        global coalition of like-minded allies and partners, rallied a 
        local partner force many times its size to liberate territory 
        from a terrorist group.''
            (5) According to the Department of Defense, as of August 
        2019, the SDF continued to hold about 10,000 ISIS fighters in 
        detention centers in Northeast Syria this quarter. Of these, 
        approximately 2,000 are foreigners from more than 50 countries. 
        The remaining 8,000 are Iraqi and Syrian.
            (6) In August 2019, the United States Government and the 
        Government of Turkey began implementing a security mechanism to 
        address legitimate Turkish security concerns along the Turkish 
        Syrian border in which United States and Turkey established a 
        Combined Joint Operations Center and the SDF withdrew forces 
        from certain areas.
            (7) On October 9, 2019, Turkish military units began 
        operations in Syrian territory.
            (8) On October 13, 2019, the SDF announced a deal with 
        President of Syria Bashar al-Assad's regime that would allow 
        government forces to enter the Kurdish-controlled areas of 
        Northeast Syria for the first time in years.
            (9) On October 14, 2019, the governing coalition of the 
        Kurdish self-administered region in Northeast Syria announced 
        that they were finalizing a Memorandum of Understanding with 
        Russia.
            (10) On October 14, 2019, the European Union unanimously 
        announced that it would suspend weapons exports to Turkey in 
        condemnation of their military action against Syria.

SEC. 103. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States and Turkey have been treaty allies 
        since 1952, when Turkey became a member of the North Atlantic 
        Treaty Organization (NATO);
            (2) being a NATO member means that Turkey is treaty bound 
        to safeguard the principles of democracy, individual liberty, 
        and the rule of law, and importantly, should be united with 
        other NATO allies in efforts for collective defense and the 
        preservation of peace and security;
            (3) Turkey's military invasion of Northeast Syria is an 
        unacceptable and unnecessary escalation of tensions with the 
        potential to cause a severe humanitarian crisis and undo the 
        collective gains made in the fight against the Islamic State of 
        Iraq and Syria (ISIS) by the United States and the 81 countries 
        and organizations of the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS, 
        including NATO and the European Union (EU);
            (4) Turkey should immediately cease attacks against the 
        Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and recall its forces back to 
        Turkey;
            (5) targeted sanctions against Turkey are an appropriate 
        response in order for Turkey to be held accountable for its 
        military offensive in Northeast Syria;
            (6) Turkey's military invasion into Northeast Syria is the 
        latest example of the weakening and problematic United States-
        Turkey bilateral relationship and undermines the security of 
        the United States and its NATO allies, including that of 
        Turkey;
            (7) the SDF have been critical partners to United States 
        and allied counter-ISIS and broader counterterrorism efforts in 
        Syria, and the United States should continue this partnership 
        with the SDF;
            (8) the United States Government should utilize diplomatic 
        and military tools to ensure the enduring defeat of ISIS;
            (9) the United States should stand by critical allies and 
        partners;
            (10) Russian and Iranian political and military influence 
        in Syria present a threat to United States national security 
        interests; and
            (11) the United States Government, in concert with the 
        international community, should hold accountable members of the 
        Syrian regime and the Governments of the Russian Federation and 
        Iran for atrocities against the Syrian people.

SEC. 104. STRATEGY TO PREVENT THE RESURGENCE OF THE ISLAMIC STATE OF 
              IRAQ AND AL-SHAM (ISIS) AND ITS AFFILIATES.

    (a) Strategy Required.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Defense, and the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development, in consultation with the heads of 
other appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly develop and submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a strategy to prevent the 
resurgence of ISIS in Iraq and Syria.
    (b) Elements of the Strategy.--The strategy required under 
subsection (a) shall include the following elements:
            (1) A summary of the United States national security 
        interests in Iraq and Syria and the impact a resurgence of ISIS 
        would have on those interests.
            (2) A comprehensive assessment of current training and 
        support programs by agency or department, specifically focused 
        on countering ISIS and other terrorist organizations, including 
        non-lethal assistance, training, and organizational capacity 
        for the SDF, the Iraqi Security Forces, the Kurdish Peshmerga, 
        and others to counter gains by ISIS and its affiliates.
            (3) A detailed description of United States Government 
        efforts to support, develop, and expand local governance 
        structures in areas in Syria previously liberated from ISIS 
        control.
            (4) An estimate of the number of current, active ISIS 
        members in Iraq and Syria, including an assessment of those 
        being held in detainee camps or prisons.
            (5) A comprehensive plan to address ISIS detainees 
        currently being held in Syria and Iraq, including--
                    (A) the designation of an existing official within 
                the Department of State to serve as a senior-level 
                coordinator to coordinate, in conjunction with the lead 
                and other relevant agencies, all matters for the United 
                States Government relating to the long-term disposition 
                of ISIS fighter detainees, including all matters in 
                connection with--
                            (i) repatriation, transfer, prosecution, 
                        and intelligence gathering;
                            (ii) coordinating a whole-of-government 
                        approach with other countries and international 
                        organizations, including INTERPOL, to ensure 
                        secure chains of custody and locations of ISIS 
                        foreign terrorist fighter detainees;
                            (iii) coordinating technical and 
                        evidentiary assistance to foreign countries to 
                        aid in the successful prosecution of ISIS 
                        foreign terrorist fighter detainees; and
                            (iv) all multilateral and international 
                        engagements led by the Department of State and 
                        other agencies that are related to the current 
                        and future handling, detention, and prosecution 
                        of ISIS foreign terrorist fighter detainees; 
                        and
                    (B) engagement with international partners on 
                legal, tenable mechanisms for repatriating foreign 
                fighters.
            (6) A description, which may be in classified form, of ISIS 
        senior leadership and infrastructure and efforts to target 
        leadership figures.
            (7) A comprehensive description of United States activities 
        utilizing social media and other communication technologies 
        strategy to counter ISIS's propaganda, influence, and ability 
        to recruit fighters domestically and internationally, including 
        with private technology companies, and how such activities are 
        being coordinated across the United States Government.
            (8) A description of the efforts of the United States 
        Government, including economic sanctions, to deny financial 
        resources, including revenues from natural resources 
        extraction, sale of antiquities, kidnaping, extortion, 
        taxation, smuggling, access to cash storage sites, and access 
        to international financial networks, to ISIS and its 
        affiliates, in conjunction with international partners and 
        financial institutions.
            (9) A description of United States Government efforts to 
        support credible war crimes prosecutions against ISIS fighters.
            (10) A plan to ensure the delivery of humanitarian 
        assistance.

SEC. 105. BRIEFINGS ON TURKISH INCURSION INTO NORTHEAST SYRIA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Russian Federation and Iran continue to exploit a 
        security vacuum in Syria and continue to pose a threat to vital 
        United States national security interests; and
            (2) continued Turkish military activity inside Syria will 
        negatively impact the national security interest and regional 
        stability of the United States.
    (b) Briefings Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 15 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and every 15 days thereafter, the 
        Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of 
        Defense, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
        International Development, in consultation with the heads of 
        other appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly brief the 
        appropriate congressional committees on the October 2019 
        Turkish incursion into Syria, including the impact of the 
        withdrawal of United States troops from Northeast Syria.
            (2) Elements of the briefing.--The briefing required under 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following elements:
                    (A) A description of the impact of the incursion on 
                the ability of ISIS to reconstitute a physical 
                caliphate.
                    (B) A description of the impact of the incursion on 
                the Russian Federation's military and political 
                influence in Syria.
                    (C) A description of the impact of the incursion on 
                Iran's ability to increase its military and political 
                influence in Syria.
                    (D) A comprehensive assessment of the United States 
                Government's activities to counter Iranian and Russian 
                influence in Syria.
                    (E) An outline of planned joint actions by the 
                Department of State and the Department of Defense, in 
                consultation with the heads of other appropriate 
                Federal agencies, regarding any and all stabilization 
                funds or activities for Syria and an explanation of how 
                such funds and activities can contribute to 
                stabilization in the current environment and without 
                the limited United States troop presence in Northeast 
                Syria.
                    (F) The creation and use by the Government of 
                Turkey of ``safe zones'' to justify the involuntary or 
                uninformed return of Syrian refugees from Turkey to 
                Syrian territory or to justify the forced displacement 
                of Syrians inside Syria or to prevent Syrians from 
                seeking international protections.
                    (G) The role of the Government of Turkey and 
                Turkish-backed forces in facilitating humanitarian 
                actors, including international nongovernmental 
                organizations (INGOs) for cross-border work from Turkey 
                and in ensuring efficient open supply lines for 
                humanitarian assistance and personnel through border 
                crossing points on the Turkey-Syria and Iraq-Syria 
                borders and facilitating safe passage of humanitarian 
                assistance to Syrians inside Syria based on need.
                    (H) The actions of the Government of Turkey and 
                Turkish-backed forces in the operation of all camps for 
                families displaced by conflict as civilian facilities 
                and ensuring that camp residents, in particular women 
                and children, are treated as civilian victims of 
                conflict in accordance with international law and 
                standards.
                    (I) The actions of the Government of Turkey and 
                Turkish-backed forces in taking effective measures to 
                protect civilians and civilian infrastructure, 
                including health facilities, water-pumping stations, 
                and restricting use of explosive weapons in populated 
                areas.

SEC. 106. HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO THE PEOPLE OF SYRIA.

    The President is authorized to provide humanitarian assistance 
pursuant to the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related 
Programs Appropriations Act, 2019 (division F of Public Law 116-6) to 
support the people of Syria, both in Syria and displaced in surrounding 
countries, in accordance with established international humanitarian 
principles.

SEC. 107. REPORT ON ACCOUNTABILITY FOR VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, 
              INCLUDING WAR CRIMES, AND OTHER HARM TO CIVILIANS IN 
              SYRIA DURING THE TURKISH INCURSION.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Turkish and pro-Turkish forces should end all practices 
        involving arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, torture, 
        arbitrary executions, and other unlawful treatment; and
            (2) all stakeholders in the Turkish incursion should reveal 
        the fate or the location of all persons who have been subjected 
        to enforced disappearance by such stakeholders.
    (b) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit 
        to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
        describes the causes and consequences of civilian harm 
        occurring during the Turkish incursion into Northeast Syria, 
        including violations of the law of armed conflict, and gross 
        violations of human rights as a result of the actions of all 
        parties to the conflict.
            (2) Elements.--The report required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following elements:
                    (A) A description of civilian harm occurring in the 
                context of the Turkish incursion, including--
                            (i) mass casualty incidents; and
                            (ii) damage to, and destruction of, 
                        civilian infrastructure and services, 
                        including--
                                    (I) hospitals and other medical 
                                facilities;
                                    (II) electrical grids;
                                    (III) water systems; and
                                    (IV) other critical infrastructure.
                    (B) A description of violations of the law of armed 
                conflict committed during the Turkish incursion into 
                Northeast Syria by all forces involved in the Turkish-
                led coalition and all forces fighting on its behalf and 
                by any other combatants in the conflict, including--
                            (i) alleged war crimes;
                            (ii) specific instances of failure by the 
                        parties to the conflict to exercise 
                        distinction, proportionality, and precaution in 
                        the use force in accordance with the law of 
                        armed conflict;
                            (iii) arbitrary denials of humanitarian 
                        access and the resulting impact on the 
                        alleviation of human suffering;
                            (iv) extra-judicial executions and 
                        detention-related abuses; and
                            (v) other acts that may constitute 
                        violations of the law of armed conflict.
                    (C) Recommendations for establishing accountability 
                mechanisms for the civilian harm, war crimes, other 
                violations of the law of armed conflict, and gross 
                violations of human rights perpetrated by Turkish and 
                pro-Turkish forces Syria, including the potential for 
                prosecuting individuals perpetrating, organizing, 
                directing, or ordering such violations.

SEC. 108. RESTRICTION ON ARMS SALES TO TURKEY.

    (a) Prohibition on Arms Transfers to Turkish Military Units.--No 
United States defense articles, services, or technology may be 
transferred under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) 
to Turkey if such articles, services, or technology could be used in 
operations by the Turkish Armed Forces in Syria.
    (b) Exception.--The prohibition under subsection (a) does not apply 
to transfers for ultimate end use by the United States Armed Forces or 
in military operations approved by NATO.
    (c) No Use of Emergency Authority.--The authority of the President 
to waive statutory congressional review periods under the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) in cases in which an emergency 
exists shall not apply to the transfer of defense articles or services 
to Turkey.

SEC. 109. OPPOSITION TO LOANS FROM INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 
              THAT BENEFIT THE GOVERNMENT OF TURKEY.

    (a) In General.--The President shall direct the United States 
executive director to each international financial institution to use 
the voice and vote of the United States to oppose any loan from the 
international financial institution that would benefit the Government 
of Turkey.
    (b) International Financial Institution Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``international financial institution'' has the meaning given 
that term in section 1701(c) of the International Financial 
Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r(c)).

SEC. 110. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON DENOUNCING TARGETING OF KURDISH 
              MINORITY AT THE UNITED NATIONS.

    It is the policy of the United States to use the voice and vote of 
the United States at the United Nations--
            (1) to denounce the targeting of the Kurdish minority in 
        Northeast Syria; and
            (2) to in no way support activities of the Government of 
        Turkey targeting the Kurdish community in Syria.

SEC. 111. PARTICIPATION OF TURKEY IN NATO.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Article 1 of the North Atlantic Treaty, signed at 
        Washington April 4, 1949, states, ``The Parties undertake, as 
        set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any 
        international dispute in which they may be involved by peaceful 
        means in such a manner that international peace and security 
        and justice are not endangered, and to refrain in their 
        international relations from the threat or use of force in any 
        manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations.''
            (2) Turkey has invaded Northeast Syria with the intention 
        of targeting the Kurdish minority in the country, in a manner 
        inconsistent with article 1 of the North Atlantic Treaty.
    (b) Department of State Report on Participation of Turkey in 
NATO.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that includes the following elements:
            (1) An assessment of the historical contributions made by 
        Turkey to the NATO alliance since it became a member in 1952.
            (2) An assessment of the impact of Turkey's October 2019 
        incursion into Northeast Syria for the national security of its 
        NATO allies.
            (3) An assessment of Turkey's role in the alliance and the 
        future prospects for Turkey to fully embrace and implement all 
        14 articles of the North Atlantic Treaty.

SEC. 112. REPORT ON NET WORTH OF PRESIDENT RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN.

    Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the 
Treasury and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the estimated net 
worth and known sources of income of Turkish President Recep Tayyip 
Erdogan and his family members (including spouse, children, parents, 
and siblings), including assets, investments, other business interests, 
and relevant beneficial ownership information.

               TITLE II--KURDISH REFUGEE CRISIS IN SYRIA

SEC. 201. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) According to the United Nations Office for the 
        Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, more than 160,000 Syrian 
        Kurdish civilians are internally displaced and more than 
        400,000 civilians in the Syrian conflict zone will have 
        significant humanitarian needs in Kurdish-controlled areas of 
        Northeastern Syria as a result of ongoing Turkish operations 
        against Syrian Democratic Forces.
            (2) Members of the Syrian Democratic Forces have fought on 
        the front lines against the Islamic State, in partnership and 
        with the close support of the United States and its allies.

SEC. 202. UNITED STATES REFUGEE PROGRAM PRIORITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of Homeland Security, shall designate, as Priority 2 refugees 
of special humanitarian concern--
            (1) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided 
        in Syria, and other Syrians who partnered with, or worked for 
        or directly with, the United States Government in Syria;
            (2) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided 
        in Syria, and other Syrians who were employed in Syria by--
                    (A) a media or nongovernmental organization based 
                in the United States;
                    (B) an organization or entity that has received a 
                grant from, or entered into a cooperative agreement or 
                contract with, the United States Government; or
                    (C) an organization that--
                            (i) was continuously physically present in 
                        Northeast Syria between 2011 and the date of 
                        the enactment of this Act; and
                            (ii) has partnered with an organization 
                        described in subparagraph (A) or (B);
            (3) the spouses, children, sons, daughters, siblings, and 
        parents of aliens described in paragraph (1) or section 204(b);
            (4) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided 
        in Syria, and other Syrians who have an immediate relative (as 
        defined in section 201(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)(A)(i))) or a family member 
        described in section 203(a) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 203(a)) who 
        is physically present in the United States;
            (5) Syrian Kurds, stateless persons who habitually resided 
        in Syria, and other Syrians who were or are employed by the 
        United States Government in Syria, for an aggregate period of 
        at least 1 year; and
            (6) citizens or nationals of Syria or Iraq, or stateless 
        persons who habitually resided in Syria or Iraq, who provided 
        service to United States counter-ISIS efforts for an aggregate 
        period of at least 1 year.
    (b) Eligibility for Admission as a Refugee.--An alien may not be 
denied the opportunity to apply for admission as a refugee under this 
section solely because such alien qualifies as an immediate relative of 
a national of the United States or is eligible for admission to the 
United States under any other immigrant classification.
    (c) Membership in Certain Syrian Organizations.--An applicant for 
admission to the United States may not be deemed inadmissible based on 
membership in, or support provided to, the Syrian Democratic Forces.
    (d) Exclusion From Numerical Limitations.--Aliens provided refugee 
status under this section shall not be counted against any numerical 
limitation under section 201, 202, 203, or 207 of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151, 1152, 1153, and 1157).
    (e) Identification of Other Persecuted Groups.--The Secretary of 
State, or the designee of the Secretary, is authorized to classify 
other groups of Syrians, including vulnerable populations, as Priority 
2 refugees of special humanitarian concern.
    (f) Satisfaction of Other Requirements.--Aliens granted status 
under this section as Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian 
concern under the refugee resettlement priority system shall be deemed 
to satisfy the requirements under section 207 of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157) for admission to the United States.

                          TITLE III--SANCTIONS

SEC. 301. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Admission; admitted; alien.--The terms ``admission'', 
        ``admitted'', and ``alien'' have the meanings given those terms 
        in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1101).
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on Financial Services of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (3) Financial institution.--The term ``financial 
        institution'' means a financial institution specified in 
        subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), 
        (M), or (Y) of section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States 
        Code.
            (4) Foreign financial institution.--The term ``foreign 
        financial institution'' has the meaning given that term in 
        regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.
            (5) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means an 
        individual or entity that is not a United States person.
            (6) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'' with respect to 
        conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
        actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
        circumstance, or the result.
            (7) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 302. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SENIOR OFFICIALS OF 
              THE GOVERNMENT OF TURKEY.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 15 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, each of the following officials 
shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on the list 
of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the 
Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury:
            (1) The Minister of National Defense of Turkey.
            (2) The Chief of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed 
        Forces.
            (3) The Commander of the 2nd Army of the Turkish Armed 
        Forces.
            (4) The Minister of Treasury and Finance of Turkey.
    (b) Sanctions With Respect to Additional Officials.--
            (1) List.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter, the 
        Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of 
        Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit 
        to the appropriate congressional committees a list of the 
        following foreign persons:
                    (A) Senior officials of the Ministry of National 
                Defense of Turkey involved in the decision to invade 
                Syria.
                    (B) Senior officials of the Turkish Armed Forces 
                leading attacks against the Syrian Democratic Forces.
                    (C) Officials of the Government of Turkey 
                significantly facilitating Turkey's military operations 
                in Syria.
                    (D) Officials of the Government of Turkey and 
                members of the Turkish Armed Forces who are responsible 
                for, are complicit in, have directly or indirectly 
                engaged in, or have attempted to engage in, any of the 
                following relating to Turkey's invasion of Northeast 
                Syria:
                            (i) A violation of the law of armed 
                        conflict.
                            (ii) A gross violation of internationally 
                        recognized human rights.
            (2) Imposition of sanctions.--On and after the date that is 
        15 days after the submission of the most recent list required 
        by paragraph (1), each foreign person identified on the list 
        shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person included on 
        the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons 
        maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the 
        Department of the Treasury.

SEC. 303. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PERSONS 
              PROVIDING ARMS TO TURKISH FORCES IN SYRIA.

    (a) Report Required.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter and as new 
information becomes available, the Secretary of State, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National 
Intelligence, shall submit to the President and the appropriate 
congressional committees a list of any foreign persons determined to 
have knowingly provided, on or after such date of enactment, defense 
articles, services, or technology to Turkey if such articles, services, 
or technology could be used in operations by the Turkish Armed Forces 
in Syria.
    (b) Imposition of Sanctions.--The President shall impose the 
sanctions described in section 307 with respect to each foreign person 
identified on the list required by subsection (a).
    (c) Exception.--The sanctions imposed pursuant to this section 
shall not apply to transfers defense articles, services, or technology 
for ultimate end use by the United States Armed Forces or in military 
operations approved by NATO.
    (d) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive, on a case-by-case 
        basis and for a period of not more than 90 days, the imposition 
        of sanctions under this section with respect to a foreign 
        person if the President--
                    (A) determines the waiver is important to the 
                national security interests of the United States; and
                    (B) not later than 30 days after making such a 
                determination, submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report on the determination.
            (2) Renewal of waivers.--The President may, on a case-by-
        case basis, renew a waiver under paragraph (1) for an 
        additional period of not more than 90 days if, not later than 
        15 days before the waiver expires, the President--
                    (A) determines the renewal of the waiver is 
                important to the national security interests of the 
                United; and
                    (B) submits to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report on the determination.

SEC. 304. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FINANCIAL 
              INSTITUTIONS THAT FACILITATE TRANSACTIONS FOR TURKISH 
              ARMED FORCES.

    (a) Halk Bankasi or Halkbank.--Not later than 15 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the following entities shall be subject 
to the same sanctions as a person included on the list of specially 
designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of 
Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury:
            (1) Halk Bankasi;
            (2) Halkbank; or
            (3) any successor entity to an entity specified in 
        paragraph (1) or (2).
    (b) Additional Financial Institutions.--If the Secretary of State, 
in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
Treasury, and the Director of National Intelligence, determines that 
any foreign financial institution (other than a financial institution 
specified in subsection (a)), has knowingly facilitated transactions 
for the Turkish Armed Forces or the defense industry in Turkey relating 
to the military operations of Turkey in Syria, the President shall, not 
later than 60 days after that determination, impose the sanctions 
described in section 307 with respect to that financial institution.

SEC. 305. IMPOSITION OF CAATSA SECTION 231 SANCTIONS AGAINST TURKEY.

    (a) Treatment of Purchase of S-400 Air and Missile Defense System 
as Sanctionable Transaction.--For the purposes of section 231 of the 
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9525), Turkey's acquisition of the S-400 air and missile defense system 
from the Russian Federation beginning July 12, 2019, shall be 
considered to be a significant transaction described in that section.
    (b) Imposition of Sanctions.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose 5 or more of 
the sanctions described in section 235 of the Countering America's 
Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9529) with respect to the 
Government of Turkey.

SEC. 306. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SUPPORT BY THE 
              RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR THE ASSAD REGIME.

    (a) List Required.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 60 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director 
of National Intelligence, shall submit to appropriate congressional 
committees a list of each Russian person that, on or after such date of 
enactment, knowingly exports, transfers, or otherwise provides to Syria 
significant financial, material, or technological support that 
contributes materially to the ability of the Government of Syria to 
acquire defense articles, defense services, and related information.
    (b) Sanctions.--A Russian person identified on the list required by 
subsection (a) shall be subject to the same sanctions as a person 
included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked 
persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the 
Department of the Treasury.
    (c) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The President may, on a case-by-case basis 
        and for renewable periods of not to exceed 60 days, waive the 
        application of this section with respect to a Russian person if 
        the President determines and certifies to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that such a waiver is in the vital 
        national security interests of the United States.
            (2) Certification.--The certification referenced in 
        paragraph (1) shall include a detailed explanation of the 
        specific factors upon which the determination was made that a 
        waiver is in the vital national security interests of the 
        United States.
            (3) Briefing.--Not later than 10 days after the issuance of 
        a waiver under paragraph (1), and every 90 days thereafter 
        while the waiver remains in effect, the President shall brief 
        the appropriate congressional committees on the justification 
        for the waiver.
    (d) Russian Person Defined.--In this section, the term ``Russian 
person'' has the meaning given that term in section 256(c) of the 
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9545(c)).

SEC. 307. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.

    The sanctions described in this section are the following:
            (1) Asset blocking.--The President shall exercise all of 
        the powers granted by the International Emergency Economic 
        Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the 
        requirements of section 202 of such Act (50 U.S.C. 1701) shall 
        not apply) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all 
        transactions in all property and interests in property of a 
        foreign person if such property and interests in property are 
        in the United States, come within the United States, or are or 
        come within the possession or control of a United States 
        person.
            (2) Aliens inadmissible for visas, admission, or parole.--
                    (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien is--
                            (i) inadmissible to the United States;
                            (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
                        documentation to enter the United States; and
                            (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
                        or paroled into the United States or to receive 
                        any other benefit under the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
                    (B) Current visas revoked.--
                            (i) In general.--An alien described in 
                        subparagraph (A) is subject to revocation of 
                        any visa or other entry documentation 
                        regardless of when the visa or other entry 
                        documentation is or was issued.
                            (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under 
                        clause (i) shall--
                                    (I) take effect immediately; and
                                    (II) automatically cancel any other 
                                valid visa or entry documentation that 
                                is in the alien's possession.
                    (C) Exception to comply with united nations 
                headquarters agreement.--Sanctions under this paragraph 
                shall not apply to the admission of an alien if such 
                admission is necessary to permit the United States to 
                comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of 
                the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 
                1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between 
                the United Nations and the United States, or other 
                applicable international obligations of the United 
                States.

SEC. 308. IMPLEMENTATION; REGULATIONS; PENALTIES.

    (a) Implementation.--The President may exercise all authorities 
provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) 
to carry out this title.
    (b) Regulations.--The President shall issue such regulations, 
licenses, and orders as are necessary to carry out this title.
    (c) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to violate, 
conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this title or any 
regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this title shall be 
subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection (a) of that section.

                    TITLE IV--TERMINATION PROVISIONS

SEC. 401. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
        Financial Services of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 402. TERMINATION OF CERTAIN REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--The restriction under section 108, the requirement 
under section 109, and the sanctions imposed under sections 302 and 
303, shall terminate if the President determines and submits to the 
appropriate congressional committees a finding that--
            (1) Turkey has halted attacks against the Syrian Democratic 
        Forces, Kurdish and Arab civilians, and other religious and 
        ethnic minority communities in Northeast Syria;
            (2) Turkish forces not involved in coordinated operations 
        with NATO allies or the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS have 
        withdrawn from Northeast Syria; and
            (3) Turkey is not hindering counterterrorism operations 
        against ISIS.
    (b) Financial Sanctions.--Financial sanctions imposed under section 
304 shall terminate if the President determines and submits to the 
appropriate congressional committees the finding described in 
subsection (a)(1).

SEC. 403. HUMANITARIAN WAIVER.

    The President may waive the application of section 302, 303, or 304 
for the purpose of providing humanitarian assistance if the President 
certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that such a 
waiver is important to address a humanitarian need and consistent with 
the national security interests of the United States and, not later 
than 15 days before issuing such a waiver, the President submits to 
such committees a justification relating to such determination.

SEC. 404. SUNSET.

    This Act shall terminate on the date that is 3 years after the date 
on which sanctions imposed pursuant to this Act have terminated.
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