Title: OCEAN Research Act
Policy area: Public Lands and Natural Resources

Summary:
Ocean, Coastal, and Estuarine Acidification Necessitates Research Act of 2019 or the OCEAN Research Act
This bill addresses the effects of ocean and coastal acidification on marine organisms and ecosystems. Specifically, the bill reauthorizes through FY2024 and revises the Ocean Acidification Program of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the ocean acidification grant program of the National Science Foundation. The bill expands those programs, as well as the ocean acidification activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), to include efforts to research and monitor the effects of coastal acidification.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2699 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2699

To reauthorize the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring 
                  Act of 2009, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            October 24, 2019

  Mr. Markey (for himself and Mr. Sullivan) introduced the following 
 bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
                      Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To reauthorize the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring 
                  Act of 2009, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Ocean, Coastal, and Estuarine 
Acidification Necessitates Research Act of 2019'' or the ``OCEAN 
Research Act''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

    Section 12402 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(a) Purposes.--'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``development and coordination'' and inserting 
                ``coordination and implementation'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``acidification on marine organisms'' and inserting 
                ``acidification and coastal acidification on marine 
                organisms''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish'' 
                and all that follows and inserting ``maintain an 
                interagency research, monitoring, and public outreach 
                program on ocean acidification and coastal 
                acidification;'';
            (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment of an 
        ocean acidification program'' and inserting ``maintenance of an 
        ocean acidification and coastal acidification program'';
            (4) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal 
        acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
            (5) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``and coastal 
        acidification that take into account other environmental and 
        anthropogenic stressors'' after ``ocean acidification''.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans'' 
        and all that follows and inserting ``and changes in the water 
        chemistry of the Earth's oceans, coastal estuaries, and 
        waterways caused by carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the 
        breakdown of organic matter.'';
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on 
        Ocean Science and Technology'' and inserting ``Subcommittee on 
        Ocean Science and Technology of the Committee on Environment'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
        paragraphs (2), (4), and (5), respectively;
            (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal 
        acidification' means the combined decrease in pH and changes in 
        the water chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and other 
        bodies of water from chemical inputs (including carbon dioxide 
        from the atmosphere), freshwater inputs, and excess nutrient 
        run-off from land and coastal atmospheric pollution that result 
        in processes that release carbon dioxide, acidic nitrogen, and 
        sulfur compounds as byproducts which end up in coastal 
        waters.'';
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(3) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) State.--The term `State' means each State of the 
        United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United 
        States, and any other territory or possession of the United 
        States.
            ``(7) Tribal organization.--The term `Tribal organization' 
        has the meaning given the term `tribal organization' in section 
        4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act 
        (25 U.S.C. 5304).''.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' 
        and inserting ``working group'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
            ``(1) In general.--The Subcommittee shall establish an 
        interagency working group on ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.'';
                    (B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
            ``(2) Membership.--The interagency working group on ocean 
        acidification shall be comprised of senior representatives 
        from--
                    ``(A) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration;
                    ``(B) the National Science Foundation;
                    ``(C) the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration;
                    ``(D) the United States Geological Survey;
                    ``(E) the United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
                    ``(F) the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management;
                    ``(G) the Environmental Protection Agency;
                    ``(H) the Department of Agriculture;
                    ``(I) the Department of State;
                    ``(J) the Department of Energy;
                    ``(K) the Department of the Navy;
                    ``(L) the National Park Service;
                    ``(M) the Bureau of Indian Affairs;
                    ``(N) the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology;
                    ``(O) the Smithsonian Institution; and
                    ``(P) such other Federal agencies as the 
                Subcommittee considers appropriate.''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), in the paragraph heading, by 
                striking ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and coastal 
                        acidification'' after ``acidification''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, including the efforts 
                        of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                        Administration to facilitate such 
                        implementation'' after ``of the plan'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and 
                        coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                        acidification''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``or 
                        coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                        acidification'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon;
                    (D) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and Coastal'' after 
                        ``Ocean'';
                            (ii) by striking ``developed'' and 
                        inserting ``and coastal acidification 
                        developed''; and
                            (iii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``and coastal acidification; and''; 
                        and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) ensure that each of the Federal agencies represented 
        on the interagency working group--
                    ``(A) participates in the Ocean and Coastal 
                Acidification Information Exchange established under 
                paragraph (5); and
                    ``(B) delivers data and information to support the 
                data archive system established under section 
                12406(d).''; and
            (4) in subsection (c), in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                inserting ``, and to the Director of the Office of 
                Management and Budget,'' after ``House of 
                Representatives''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``the 
                interagency research'' and inserting ``interagency 
                strategic research''.

SEC. 5. OCEAN AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION ADVISORY BOARD.

    The Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 
(33 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 12404 
the following:

``SEC. 12404A. OCEAN AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION ADVISORY BOARD.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall establish 
an Ocean and Coastal Acidification Advisory Board (in this section 
referred to as the `Advisory Board').
    ``(b) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
            ``(1) not later than 180 days before the Subcommittee 
        submits a report under section 12404(c)(2)--
                    ``(A) review a draft of the report;
                    ``(B) submit to the Subcommittee an analysis of the 
                draft for consideration before submitting the report 
                under section 12404(c)(2); and
                    ``(C) concurrently with the submission by the 
                Subcommittee of the report under that section, submit a 
                copy of the analysis provided to the Subcommittee under 
                subparagraph (B) to--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                        and Transportation of the Senate; and
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                        Technology and the Committee on Natural 
                        Resources of the House of Representatives;
            ``(2) not later than 180 days before the Subcommittee 
        submits a strategic research plan under section 12404(c)(3)--
                    ``(A) review a draft of the plan;
                    ``(B) submit to the Subcommittee an analysis of the 
                plan, and recommendations for the implementation of the 
                plan, for consideration before submitting the plan 
                under section 12404(c)(3); and
                    ``(C) concurrently with the submission of the 
                Subcommittee of the plan under that section, submit a 
                copy of the analysis provided to the Subcommittee under 
                subparagraph (B) to the committees specified in clauses 
                (i) and (ii) of paragraph (1)(C);
            ``(3) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee and the 
        interagency working group established under section 12404 on 
        matters related to Federal activities on ocean acidification 
        and coastal acidification;
            ``(4) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency working 
        group on--
                    ``(A) efforts to coordinate research and monitoring 
                activities related to ocean acidification and coastal 
                acidification; and
                    ``(B) the best practices for the standards 
                developed for data archiving under section 12406(e);
            ``(5) publish in the Federal Register a charter;
            ``(6) provide to the Library of Congress--
                    ``(A) the charter required by paragraph (5);
                    ``(B) any schedules and minutes for meetings of the 
                Advisory Board;
                    ``(C) any documents that are approved by the 
                Advisory Board; and
                    ``(D) any reports and analysis prepared by the 
                Advisory Board; and
            ``(7) establish a publicly accessible page on the website 
        of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that 
        contains the information described in subparagraphs (A) through 
        (D) of paragraph (6).
    ``(c) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 24 members 
as follows:
            ``(1) Two representatives of the shellfish and crab 
        industry.
            ``(2) One representative of the finfish industry.
            ``(3) One representative of seafood processors.
            ``(4) Three representatives from institutions of higher 
        education, including both natural and social sciences.
            ``(5) One representative of recreational fishing.
            ``(6) One representative of relevant nongovernmental 
        organizations.
            ``(7) Six representatives from relevant State and local 
        governments and Tribal organizations.
            ``(8) One representative from the Alaska Ocean 
        Acidification Network.
            ``(9) One representative from the California Current 
        Acidification Network.
            ``(10) One representative from the Northeast Coastal 
        Acidification Network.
            ``(11) One representative from the Southeast Ocean and 
        Coastal Acidification Network.
            ``(12) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico Ocean 
        Acidification Network.
            ``(13) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal 
        Acidification Network.
            ``(14) One representative from the Pacific Islands Ocean 
        Observing System or a similar entity representing--
                    ``(A) the island territories and possessions of the 
                United States in the Pacific Ocean; and
                    ``(B) the State of Hawaii.
            ``(15) One representative from the Caribbean Regional 
        Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a similar entity 
        representing Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands.
            ``(16) One representative from the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration, who shall serve as an ex officio 
        member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
    ``(d) Appointment of Members.--The Chair of the Subcommittee 
shall--
            ``(1) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking into 
        account the geographical interests of each individual to be 
        appointed as a member to ensure that an appropriate balance of 
        geographical interests are represented by the members of the 
        Advisory Board) who--
                    ``(A) represent the interest group for which each 
                seat is designated;
                    ``(B) demonstrate expertise on ocean acidification 
                or coastal acidification and its scientific, economic, 
                industry, cultural, and community impacts; and
                    ``(C) have a record of distinguished service with 
                respect to ocean acidification or coastal 
                acidification, and such impacts;
            ``(2) give consideration to nominations and recommendations 
        from the members of the interagency working group and the 
        public for such appointments; and
            ``(3) ensure that an appropriate balance of scientific, 
        industry, and geographical interests are represented by the 
        members of the Advisory Board.
    ``(e) Term of Membership.--Each member of the Advisory Board--
            ``(1) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
            ``(2) may be appointed to more than one term.
    ``(f) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint one 
member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the Advisory 
Board.
    ``(g) Meetings.--Not less than once each calendar year, the 
Advisory Board shall meet at such times and places as may be designated 
by the Chair of the Advisory Board, in consultation with the Chair of 
the Subcommittee and the Chair of the interagency working group.
    ``(h) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall brief the 
Subcommittee and the interagency working group on the progress of the 
Advisory Board as necessary.
    ``(i) Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 14 of the Federal 
Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Advisory 
Board.''.

SEC. 6. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' after 
        ``acidification'' each place it appears;
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by inserting ``, and not later than 
                        every 5 years thereafter'' after ``the date of 
                        enactment of this Act'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``address the 
                        socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification 
                        and coastal acidification and to'' after 
                        ``mitigation strategies to''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems'' 
                        each place it appears and inserting 
                        ``ecosystems''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``its potential impacts'' 
                        and inserting ``their potential impacts''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``and recommendations 
                        made by the Advisory Board in the review of the 
                        plan required under section 12404A(b)(2)(A)'' 
                        after ``subsection (d)'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social 
                sciences'' after ``among the ocean sciences'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``its 
                        physical, chemical, and biological impacts'' 
                        and inserting ``their physical, chemical, and 
                        biological impacts, including trends of changes 
                        in ocean chemistry,'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking ``improve the 
                                ability to assess the'' and inserting 
                                ``assess the short-term and long-
                                term''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``; and'' at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon;
                            (iii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read 
                        as follows:
                    ``(C) provide information for the--
                            ``(i) development of adaptation and 
                        mitigation strategies to address the 
                        socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification 
                        and coastal acidification;
                            ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and 
                        ecosystems; and
                            ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of 
                        such adaptation and mitigation strategies; 
                        and''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) improve research on--
                            ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal 
                        acidification;
                            ``(ii) the interactions between and effects 
                        of multiple combined stressors including 
                        changes in water chemistry, changes in sediment 
                        delivery, hypoxia, and harmful algal blooms, on 
                        ocean acidification and coastal acidification; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) the effect of environmental 
                        stressors on marine resources and 
                        ecosystems;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                        ``database development'' and inserting ``data 
                        management'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``; 
                        and'' and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation 
                strategies; and
                    ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and 
                inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of 
                contribution in establishing'';
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and 
                inserting ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific 
                reports'';
                    (F) in paragraph (6), by striking ``of the United 
                States'' and inserting ``within the United States'';
                    (G) in paragraph (7), by striking ``outline budget 
                requirements'' and inserting ``estimate costs 
                associated for full implementation of each element of 
                the plan by fiscal year'';
                    (H) in paragraph (8)--
                            (i) by striking ``its'' and inserting 
                        ``their''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
                        semicolon;
                    (I) in paragraph (9), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (J) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(10) describe monitoring needs necessary to support 
        potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders, 
        fishery management councils and commissions, non-Federal 
        resource managers, and scientific experts on decisionmaking and 
        adaptation related to ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.'';
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``input, and'' and 
                        inserting ``inputs,'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,'' 
                        after ``marine ecosystems''; and
                            (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that 
                        supports fisheries management'' after ``marine 
                        organisms''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Research to understand related and cumulative 
        stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in 
        conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (5) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Advisory Board Evaluation.--Not later than 180 days before 
the strategic research plan is submitted to Congress under section 
12404(c)(3), the Subcommittee shall provide the Advisory Board 
established under section 12404A a copy of the plan for purposes of 
review under subsection (b)(2)(A) of such section.
    ``(f) Publication and Public Comment.--Not later than 90 days 
before the strategic research plan is submitted to Congress under 
section 12404(c)(3), the Subcommittee shall--
            ``(1) publish a draft of the plan in the Federal Register; 
        and
            ``(2) provide an opportunity for submission of public 
        comments for a period of not less than 60 days.''.

SEC. 7. NOAA OCEAN AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``and coastal'' 
        after ``ocean'';
            (2) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' after 
        ``acidification'' each place it appears;
            (3) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``coordination,'' after 
                        ``research, monitoring,''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``and implementation'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``including the 
                                Integrated Ocean Observing System and 
                                the ocean observing assets of other 
                                Federal and State agencies,'' after 
                                ``ocean observing assets,''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``and agency and 
                                department missions, prioritizing the 
                                location of monitoring instruments, 
                                assets, and projects to maximize the 
                                efficiency of resources and to optimize 
                                understanding of socioeconomic impacts 
                                and ecosystem health'' after ``research 
                                program'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) by striking ``adaptation'' and 
                                inserting ``adaptation and 
                                mitigation''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``and supporting 
                                socioeconomically vulnerable 
                                communities and industries'' after 
                                ``marine ecosystems'';
                            (iii) in subparagraph (E)--
                                    (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and 
                                inserting ``their impacts''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``; and'' and 
                                inserting a semicolon;
                            (iv) in subparagraph (F)--
                                    (I) by striking ``monitoring and 
                                impacts research'' and inserting 
                                ``research, monitoring, and adaptation 
                                and mitigation strategies''; and
                                    (II) by striking the semicolon and 
                                inserting ``; and''; and
                            (v) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) research to improve understanding of the 
                effect of--
                            ``(i) other environmental stressors on 
                        ocean acidification and coastal acidification;
                            ``(ii) multiple environmental stressors on 
                        living marine resources and coastal ecosystems; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) adaptation and mitigation 
                        strategies to address the socioeconomic impacts 
                        of ocean acidification and coastal 
                        acidification.'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical 
                research projects that explore'' and inserting 
                ``critical research and education projects that explore 
                and communicate''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Relationship to Interagency Working Group.--The National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as the lead Federal 
agency responsible for coordinating the Federal response to ocean 
acidification and coastal acidification, by--
            ``(1) leading the interagency working group established 
        under section 12404 in implementing the strategic research plan 
        under section 12405;
            ``(2) coordinating monitoring and research efforts among 
        Federal agencies in cooperation with State and local 
        governments, Tribal organizations, and international partners;
            ``(3) maintaining the Ocean and Coastal Acidification 
        Information Exchange required by section 12404(b)(5) to allow 
        for information to be electronically accessible, including 
        information--
                    ``(A) on ocean acidification and coastal 
                acidification developed through or used by the ocean 
                acidification and coastal acidification program 
                described in subsection (a); or
                    ``(B) that would be useful to State or local 
                governments, Tribal organizations, resource managers, 
                policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in 
                mitigating or adapting to the impacts of ocean 
                acidification and coastal acidification; and
            ``(4) establishing and maintaining the data archive system 
        under subsection (d).
    ``(d) Data Archive System.--
            ``(1) Management.--The Secretary, in coordination with 
        members of the interagency working group established under 
        section 12404, shall provide for the long-term stewardship of, 
        and access to, data relating to ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification by establishing and maintaining a data archive 
        system that the National Centers for Environmental Information 
        uses to process, store, archive, provide access to, and 
        incorporate to the extent possible, such data collected--
                    ``(A) through relevant federally funded research; 
                and
                    ``(B) by a Federal, State, or local agency, Tribal 
                organization, scientist at an institution of higher 
                education, citizen scientist, or industry organization.
            ``(2) Existing global or national data assets.--In 
        establishing and maintaining the data archive system under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure that existing global 
        or national data assets (including the data assets maintained 
        by the National Centers for Environmental Information, the 
        Integrated Ocean Observing System, and other existing data 
        systems within Federal agencies) are incorporated to the 
        greatest extent possible.
    ``(e) Standards, Protocols, and Procedures.--The Secretary, in 
coordination with members of the interagency working group established 
under section 12404, shall establish and revise as necessary the 
standards, protocols, or procedures for--
            ``(1) processing, storing, archiving, and providing access 
        to data described in subsection (d);
            ``(2) the interoperability and intercalibration of such 
        data;
            ``(3) the collection of any metadata underlying such data; 
        and
            ``(4) sharing such data with State and local governments, 
        Tribal organizations, potentially affected industry members, 
        coastal stakeholders, fishery management councils and 
        commissions, non-Federal resource managers, and institutions of 
        higher education.
    ``(f) Dissemination of Ocean Acidification Data and Coastal 
Acidification Data.--The Secretary, in coordination with members of the 
interagency working group established under section 12404, shall 
disseminate the data described in subsection (d) to the greatest extent 
practicable by sharing such data on full and open access exchanges, 
including the Ocean and Coastal Acidification Information Exchange 
required by section 12404(b)(5).
    ``(g) Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration under this subtitle that collect data 
described in subsection (d) shall--
            ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to subsection 
        (e); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the data archive system under 
        subsection (d), in accordance with any rules promulgated by the 
        Secretary.''.

SEC. 8. OCEAN ACIDIFICATION COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH GRANTS.

    The Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 
(33 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 12406 
the following:

``SEC. 12406A. OCEAN ACIDIFICATION COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH GRANTS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Academic community.--The term `academic community' 
        includes faculty and other representatives of institutions of 
        higher education and other schools, researchers, scientists, 
        and natural resource managers.
            ``(2) Seafood industry.--The term `seafood industry' 
        includes shellfish growers, shellfish harvesters, commercial 
        fishermen, recreational fishermen, other members of the seafood 
        harvesting or supply chain, and organizations representing any 
        of such groups.
    ``(b) Grants.--The Secretary shall provide grants for collaborative 
research projects on ocean acidification developed and conducted 
through partnerships between the seafood industry and the academic 
community.
    ``(c) Criteria for Approval.--The Secretary may not provide a grant 
for a project under this section unless the project is--
            ``(1) consistent with the themes identified under the 
        strategic research plan developed by the Subcommittee under 
        section 12405; and
            ``(2) designed to--
                    ``(A) develop and support partnerships, 
                communications, and shared understanding between the 
                seafood industry and the academic community;
                    ``(B) include the seafood industry in research on 
                ocean acidification;
                    ``(C) deliver research, monitoring, or adaptation 
                results which will benefit both the seafood industry 
                and the academic community;
                    ``(D) incorporate into the research agenda the 
                expertise of both the seafood industry, including their 
                unique understanding of the natural environment, and 
                the academic community;
                    ``(E) promote better understanding of seafood 
                industry research questions and priorities within the 
                academic community;
                    ``(F) promote wider understanding of ocean 
                acidification among the academic community, the seafood 
                industry, and other stakeholders as appropriate; and
                    ``(G) include appropriately balanced support from 
                both the seafood industry and the academic community.
    ``(d) Priority.--The Secretary shall prioritize funding under this 
section to projects which--
            ``(1) address ecosystems and communities vulnerable to the 
        impacts of ocean acidification;
            ``(2) demonstrate support from local stakeholders, such as 
        representatives of States or other governmental jurisdictions, 
        community organizations, tribes, or educational institutions, 
        as appropriate, located within the region in which the project 
        will be undertaken; or
            ``(3) utilize seafood industry assets as research and 
        monitoring platforms.
    ``(e) Implementation Guidelines.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this section, the Secretary, in collaboration with 
the Subcommittee, shall issue implementation guidelines under this 
section, including criteria and priorities for grants. Those guidelines 
shall be developed in consultation, as appropriate, with--
            ``(1) State, regional, and local decisionmakers with ocean 
        acidification experience;
            ``(2) the seafood industry and other marine-dependent 
        industries;
            ``(3) formal and informal educators, including both those 
        within academia and those who are not;
            ``(4) tribes;
            ``(5) nongovernmental organizations involved in ocean 
        acidification research, prevention, or adaptation; and
            ``(6) any other appropriate community stakeholders.
    ``(f) Contents of Proposals.--Each proposal for a grant under this 
section shall include--
            ``(1) a description of the qualifications of the 
        individuals or entities who will conduct the project;
            ``(2) a plan for ensuring full participation and engagement 
        of both industry and academic community participants, including 
        a description of how each partner will contribute expertise to 
        the project in terms of design, execution, and interpretation 
        of results;
            ``(3) a plan for the dissemination of the results of the 
        research project, which may include--
                    ``(A) educational programs;
                    ``(B) presentations to members of the seafood 
                industry, the academic community, and community 
                stakeholders;
                    ``(C) scientific publication; and
                    ``(D) delivery to appropriate representatives of 
                States or other government jurisdictions who would use 
                the information;
            ``(4) a description of how the project is consistent with 
        the program elements described in section 12405(c); and
            ``(5) any other information the Secretary considers 
        necessary for evaluating the eligibility of the project for 
        funding under this section.
    ``(g) Alternative Participants.--The Secretary may make a grant 
under this section to a partnership in which a marine-dependent 
industry is substituted for the seafood industry if the proposed 
project serves the purposes of this section. In such a case, the 
participation and interests of that marine-dependent industry shall be 
substituted for those of the seafood industry in applying the 
requirements of this section.
    ``(h) Project Reporting.--Each grantee under this section shall 
provide periodic reports as required by the Secretary. Each such report 
shall include all information required by the Secretary for evaluating 
the progress and success of the project.
    ``(i) Matching Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        total amount of Federal funding for a collaborative research 
        project supported under this section may not exceed 85 percent 
        of the total cost of such project. For purposes of this 
        paragraph, the non-Federal share of project costs may be 
        provided by in-kind contributions and other noncash support.
            ``(2) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive all or part of the 
        matching requirement under paragraph (1) if the Secretary 
        determines that no reasonable means are available through which 
        applicants can meet the matching requirement and the probable 
        benefit of such project outweighs the public interest in such 
        matching requirement.
    ``(j) Funding.--Of the amount authorized to be appropriated by 
section 12409(a) for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024, $5,000,000 
shall be available to provide grants under this section.''.

SEC. 9. NSF OCEAN AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``and coastal'' 
        after ``ocean'';
            (2) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' after 
        ``acidification'' each place it appears;
            (3) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``continue'' and all that 
                        follows through ``which shall'';
                            (ii) by striking ``proposals for research'' 
                        and inserting ``proposals for the 
                        researching''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``its impacts'' and 
                        inserting ``their impacts'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``marine 
                ecosystems'' and inserting ``ecosystems'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; and'' at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon;
                    (D) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``and its impacts'' and 
                        inserting ``and their impacts''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address 
        socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the National Science 
Foundation under this section that collect data described under section 
12406(d) shall--
            ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(e); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary, 
        in accordance with any rules promulgated by the Director or the 
        Secretary.''.

SEC. 10. NASA OCEAN AND COASTAL ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``and coastal'' 
        after ``ocean'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and 
                Coastal'' after ``Ocean''; and
                    (B) in the text, by striking ``acidification and 
                its impacts'' and inserting ``acidification and coastal 
                acidification and their impacts'';
            (3) in subsections (b) and (c), by inserting ``and coastal 
        acidification'' after ``acidification'' each place it appears; 
        and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Requirement.--Researchers from the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration that collect data described under section 12406(d) 
shall--
            ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(e); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the 
        Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the 
        Administrator or the Secretary.''.

SEC. 11. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows and inserting the following: ``subtitle 
        $35,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows and inserting the following: ``subtitle 
        $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024.''.

SEC. 12. STUDY EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND OTHER 
              ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS ON ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall make appropriate 
arrangements with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
Medicine (referred to in this Act as the ``National Academies'') under 
which the National Academies shall conduct a study that--
            (1) examines the existing science of ocean acidification in 
        estuarine environments;
            (2) examines the challenges to studying ocean acidification 
        and ocean acidification's interactions with other environmental 
        stressors in estuarine environments, including harmful algal 
        blooms, nutrient loading, and hypoxia;
            (3) provides recommendations for improving future research 
        with respect to ocean acidification in estuarine environments; 
        and
            (4) identifies pathways for applying science in management 
        and mitigation decisions relating to ocean acidification in 
        estuarine environments.
    (b) Contents of Study.--The study described under subsection (a) 
shall include--
            (1) the behavior of the carbonate system within estuarine 
        environments;
            (2) the interactions of the carbonate system with other 
        biotic and abiotic characteristics of estuarine ecosystems;
            (3) how environmental and anthropogenic changes or 
        disturbances could affect abiotic and biotic processes within 
        estuaries;
            (4) how estuarine biotic and abiotic processes will be 
        affected under predicted environmental changes;
            (5) the current state of data collection, interpretation, 
        storage, and retrieval and observational infrastructure of 
        abiotic and biotic parameters in estuarine ecosystems;
            (6) the gaps that exist in understanding the socio-economic 
        and health impacts of ocean acidification in estuaries;
            (7) future directions for scientific research; and
            (8) pathways for applying science in management and 
        mitigation decisions.
    (c) Report.--In entering into an arrangement under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall request that the National Academies transmit to 
Congress a report on the results of the study not later than 24 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000.
                                 <all>