Title: Saudi Nuclear Nonproliferation Act of 2019
Policy area: International Affairs

Summary:
Saudi Nuclear Nonproliferation Act of 2019
This bill imposes requirements that must be fulfilled before a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia may come into effect.
Before such an agreement may come into effect (1) the President must report to Congress on various topics, including whether Saudi Arabia has been transparent in its investigation into the death of journalist Jamal Khashoggi; and (2) Congress must enact a joint resolution stating approval of the agreement.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 612 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 612

To require a joint resolution of approval for the entry into effect of 
  a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           February 28, 2019

 Mr. Markey (for himself and Mr. Rubio) introduced the following bill; 
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To require a joint resolution of approval for the entry into effect of 
  a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Saudi Nuclear Nonproliferation Act 
of 2019''.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States should not approve a civilian nuclear 
        cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia until the Government of 
        Saudi Arabia--
                    (A) has been truthful and transparent with regard 
                to the death of Jamal Khashoggi;
                    (B) has renounced uranium enrichment and 
                reprocessing on its territory, as well as agreed to an 
                Additional Protocol with the International Atomic 
                Energy Agency; and
                    (C) has made significant progress on the protection 
                of human rights, including through the release of 
                political prisoners;
            (2) the United States and Saudi Arabia have traditionally 
        shared an important strategic partnership, which includes joint 
        efforts--
                    (A) to combat terrorism;
                    (B) to ensure regional stability; and
                    (C) to address other common challenges;
            (3) the strategic partnership between the United States and 
        Saudi Arabia should be based on--
                    (A) the pursuit of shared national security 
                interests; and
                    (B) respect for human rights and the rule of law; 
                and
            (4) any decision by the Government of Saudi Arabia to 
        pursue civilian nuclear cooperation with the Russian Federation 
        or the People's Republic of China, or without signing a 
        civilian nuclear cooperation agreement with the United States, 
        would--
                    (A) harm efforts to promote nuclear 
                nonproliferation; and
                    (B) seriously undermine the strategic partnership 
                between the United States and Saudi Arabia.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It shall be the policy of the United States--
            (1) to require the Government of Saudi Arabia to renounce 
        uranium enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing on its territory 
        for the duration of a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement 
        with the United States;
            (2) to require the Government of Saudi Arabia to sign and 
        implement the Additional Protocol with the International Atomic 
        Energy Agency as part of a civilian nuclear cooperation 
        agreement with the United States;
            (3) to oppose, through the Nuclear Suppliers Group, the 
        sale of nuclear technology to Saudi Arabia until the Government 
        of Saudi Arabia has renounced uranium enrichment and 
        reprocessing on its territory as part of a civilian nuclear 
        cooperation agreement with the United States; and
            (4) to seek modification of the guidelines of the Nuclear 
        Suppliers Group relating to the transfer of nuclear technology, 
        as applied with respect to Saudi Arabia, until Saudi Arabia has 
        renounced enrichment and reprocessing on its territory.

SEC. 4. CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL REQUIRED FOR CIVILIAN NUCLEAR 
              COOPERATION AGREEMENT.

    Notwithstanding any other requirements under section 123 of the 
Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2153), a civilian nuclear 
cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia may only enter into effect on 
or after the date on which each of the following has occurred:
            (1) The President has submitted a proposed agreement with 
        Saudi Arabia in accordance with the requirements of such 
        section 123.
            (2) In conjunction with the submission referred to in 
        paragraph (1), the President has submitted to Congress an 
        unclassified report (which may include a classified annex) that 
        describes each of the following:
                    (A) The extent to which the Government of Saudi 
                Arabia has been truthful and transparent in its 
                investigation into the death of Jamal Khashoggi.
                    (B) Whether those responsible for his death have 
                been prosecuted or otherwise held accountable for such 
                act.
                    (C) The extent to which Saudi Arabia has renounced 
                uranium enrichment and reprocessing on its territory or 
                will commit to renouncing such enrichment and 
                reprocessing as part of the proposed agreement with the 
                United States.
                    (D) Whether Saudi Arabia has agreed to sign and 
                implement an Additional Protocol with the International 
                Atomic Energy Agency.
                    (E) The extent to which Saudi Arabia has 
                cooperated, or is pursuing cooperation, with the 
                People's Republic of China or with any other foreign 
                governments on advancing its missile programs and 
                acquiring missile and other associated technologies 
                that would be restricted under the Missile Technology 
                Control Regime.
                    (F) The extent to which Saudi Arabia has made 
                substantial progress on improving the protection of 
                human rights, including through the release of 
                political prisoners.
            (3) On or after the date of the submission of the proposed 
        agreement and report required under paragraphs (1) and (2), a 
        joint resolution stating that Congress approves such agreement 
        has been enacted.
                                 <all>