Title: Drinking Water Infrastructure Act of 2020
Policy area: Environmental Protection

Summary:
Drinking Water Infrastructure Act of 2020
This bill addresses drinking water infrastructure, including by

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3590 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3590

To amend the Safe Drinking Water Act to reauthorize certain provisions, 
                        and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              May 4, 2020

 Mr. Barrasso (for himself, Mr. Carper, Ms. Duckworth, and Mr. Cramer) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
               Committee on Environment and Public Works

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Safe Drinking Water Act to reauthorize certain provisions, 
                        and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Drinking Water Infrastructure Act of 
2020''.

SEC. 2. HOST COMMUNITIES.

    Section 1433(g) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300i-
2(g)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; or'';
                    (B) by striking ``for the purpose of increasing'' 
                and inserting the following: ``for the purpose of--
                    ``(A) increasing''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) increasing the capacity of the community 
                water system to adapt to an increase in population 
                served by the community water system that is primarily 
                caused by a natural hazard or a malevolent act in 
                another community or State.'';
            (2) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) in the heading, by striking ``small'' and 
                inserting ``small, rural, and disadvantaged'';
                    (B) by striking ``a population of less than 3,300 
                persons'' and inserting ``disadvantaged communities or 
                populations of fewer than 10,000 persons''; and
                    (C) by striking ``of this section''; and
            (3) in paragraph (6), by striking ``fiscal years 2020 and 
        2021'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2021 and 2022''.

SEC. 3. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND GRANTS FOR EMERGENCIES AFFECTING 
              PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    Section 1442 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-1) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), in the first sentence, by inserting 
        ``, including a threat to public health resulting from 
        contaminants, such as, but not limited to, heightened exposure 
        to lead in drinking water'' after ``public health'';
            (2) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsection (b) $35,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2021 through 2024.''; and
            (3) in subsection (e)(5), by striking ``2015 through 2020'' 
        and inserting ``2021 through 2024''.

SEC. 4. DRINKING WATER STATE REVOLVING LOAN FUNDS.

    (a) Drinking Water Relief for Small, Rural, and Disadvantaged 
Communities.--Section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 
300j-12) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the 
                following:
                    ``(H) Required subsidies for public water 
                systems.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Notwithstanding any 
                        other provision of this paragraph and to the 
                        extent that there are sufficient applications 
                        from public water systems, a State shall use 
                        not less than 14 percent of a capitalization 
                        grant to the State under this section to 
                        provide the additional subsidies described in 
                        clause (ii) to public water systems if the 
                        additional subsidies described in that clause 
                        are used--
                                    ``(I) as initial financing for the 
                                public water system; or
                                    ``(II) to buy, refinance, or 
                                restructure the debt obligations of the 
                                public water system, if--
                                            ``(aa) the debt obligation 
                                        was incurred on or after the 
                                        date of enactment of this 
                                        subparagraph; or
                                            ``(bb) for a debt 
                                        obligation that was incurred 
                                        before the date of enactment of 
                                        this subparagraph--

                                                    ``(AA) the State, 
                                                with the concurrence of 
                                                the Administrator, 
                                                determines that the 
                                                additional subsidies 
                                                described in clause 
                                                (ii) would help the 
                                                public water system 
                                                address a threat to 
                                                public health from 
                                                heightened exposure to 
                                                contaminants (including 
                                                lead) in drinking 
                                                water; or

                                                    ``(BB) before the 
                                                date of enactment of 
                                                this subparagraph, an 
                                                emergency has been 
                                                declared by the 
                                                President under section 
                                                501 of the Robert T. 
                                                Stafford Disaster 
                                                Relief and Emergency 
                                                Assistance Act (42 
                                                U.S.C. 5191) or a State 
                                                emergency declaration 
                                                has been issued due to 
                                                a threat to public 
                                                health, including a 
                                                threat from heightened 
                                                exposure to lead, in 
                                                the municipal drinking 
                                                water supply of the 
                                                public water system.

                            ``(ii) Additional subsidies described.--The 
                        additional subsidies referred to in clause (i) 
                        are--
                                    ``(I) forgiveness of principal of 
                                loans owed to the State loan fund of 
                                the State;
                                    ``(II) negative interest loans;
                                    ``(III) grants; or
                                    ``(IV) a combination of the 
                                subsidies described in subclauses (I) 
                                through (III).''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (4)(A), by striking ``During 
                fiscal years 2019 through 2023, funds'' and inserting 
                ``Funds''; and
            (2) in subsection (q), by striking ``2016 through 2021'' 
        and inserting ``2021 through 2024''.
    (b) Remediation of Contamination.--Section 1452 of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)(G)--
                    (A) in clause (i)--
                            (i) by striking ``only''; and
                            (ii) by striking the clause designation and 
                        heading and all that follows through ``clause 
                        (ii),'' and inserting the following:
                            ``(i) Drinking water.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                                any other provision of law and subject 
                                to subclause (II),'';
                    (B) in clause (ii)--
                            (i) in subclause (I)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding item 
                                (aa), by striking ``amounts described 
                                in clause (i)'' and inserting ``amounts 
                                made available to carry out this 
                                clause''; and
                                    (II) by redesignating items (aa) 
                                and (bb) as subitems (AA) and (BB), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                            (ii) in subclause (II), by striking 
                        ``amounts described in clause (i)'' and 
                        inserting ``amounts made available to carry out 
                        this clause''; and
                            (iii) by redesignating subclauses (I) and 
                        (II) as items (aa) and (bb), respectively, and 
                        indenting appropriately;
                    (C) by redesignating clause (ii) as subclause (II) 
                and indenting appropriately; and
                    (D) by inserting before clause (iii) the following:
                            ``(ii) Remediation of contamination of 
                        groundwater.--
                                    ``(I) Definition of eligible 
                                site.--In this clause, the term 
                                `eligible site' means a site at which 
                                an emerging contaminant is present in, 
                                or has the potential to enter, a public 
                                water system or an underground source 
                                of drinking water.
                                    ``(II) Grants.--Notwithstanding any 
                                other provision of law and subject to 
                                subclause (III), amounts deposited 
                                under subsection (t) in a State loan 
                                fund established under this section may 
                                be used to provide grants to address 
                                contamination of groundwater at an 
                                eligible site, with a focus on 
                                perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl 
                                substances.
                                    ``(III) Requirements.--
                                            ``(aa) Priorities.--In 
                                        selecting the recipient of a 
                                        grant using amounts made 
                                        available to carry out this 
                                        clause, a State shall use the 
                                        priorities described in 
                                        subsection (b)(3)(A).
                                            ``(bb) Cleanup standards.--
                                        Any detection, treatment, and 
                                        remediation of groundwater 
                                        carried out using amounts made 
                                        available to carry out this 
                                        clause shall be carried out in 
                                        accordance with applicable 
                                        State toxicity values, 
                                        standards, and regulations of 
                                        the State in which the 
                                        detection, treatment, or 
                                        remediation is being carried 
                                        out.''; and
            (2) in subsection (t)(2), by striking ``$100,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2020'' and inserting ``$300,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2021''.

SEC. 5. SOURCE WATER PETITION PROGRAM.

    Section 1454 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-14) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), in the matter preceding 
                clause (i), by striking ``political subdivision of a 
                State,'' and inserting ``political subdivision of a 
                State (including a county that is designated by the 
                State to act on behalf of an unincorporated area within 
                that county, with the agreement of that unincorporated 
                area),'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4)(D)(i), by inserting 
                ``(including a county that is designated by the State 
                to act on behalf of an unincorporated area within that 
                county)'' after ``of the State''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Savings provision.--Unless otherwise provided within 
        the agreement, an agreement between an unincorporated area and 
        a county for the county to submit a petition under paragraph 
        (1)(A) on behalf of the unincorporated area shall not authorize 
        the county to act on behalf of the unincorporated area in any 
        matter not within a program under this section.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e), in the first sentence, by striking 
        ``2021'' and inserting ``2024''.

SEC. 6. ASSISTANCE FOR SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Existing Programs.--Section 1459A of the Safe Drinking Water 
Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) the purchase of point-of-entry or point-of-
                use filters that are independently certified using 
                science-based test methods for the removal of 
                contaminants of concern;
                    ``(E) investments necessary for providing accurate 
                and current information about--
                            ``(i) the need for filtration, filter 
                        safety, and proper maintenance practices; and
                            ``(ii) the options for replacing lead 
                        service lines (as defined in section 1459B(a)) 
                        and removing other sources of lead in water; 
                        and
                    ``(F) entering into contracts with nonprofit 
                organizations that have water system technical 
                expertise to assist underserved communities.
            ``(3) Contracting parties.--A contract described in 
        paragraph (2)(F) may be between a nonprofit organization 
        described in that paragraph and--
                    ``(A) an eligible entity; or
                    ``(B) the State of an eligible entity, on behalf of 
                that eligible entity.'';
            (2) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``An eligible entity'' and inserting ``Except 
        for purposes of subsections (j) and (m), an eligible entity'';
            (3) in subsection (g)(1), by striking ``to pay not less 
        than 45 percent'' and inserting ``except as provided in 
        subsection (l)(5) and subject to subsection (h), to pay not 
        less than 10 percent'';
            (4) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the following:
    ``(h) Waiver.--The Administrator may waive the requirement under 
subsection (g)(1).'';
            (5) by striking subsection (k) and inserting the following:
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out subsections (a) through (j)--
            ``(1) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
            ``(2) $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2024.''; and
            (6) in subsection (l)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``The Administrator may'' 
                        and inserting ``The Administrator shall''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``fiscal years 2019 and 
                        2020'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2021 
                        through 2024'';
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking ``$4,000,000 for 
                each of fiscal years 2019 and 2020'' and inserting 
                ``$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
                2024'';
                    (C) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph 
                (6); and
                    (D) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Federal share for underserved communities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                with respect to a program or project that serves an 
                underserved community and is carried out using a grant 
                under this subsection, the Federal share of the cost of 
                the program or project shall be 90 percent.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--The Administrator may increase the 
                Federal share under subparagraph (A)(ii) to 100 
                percent.''.
    (b) Connection to Public Water Systems.--Section 1459A of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(m) Connection to Public Water Systems.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means--
                            ``(i) an owner or operator of a public 
                        water system that assists or is seeking to 
                        assist eligible individuals with connecting the 
                        household of the eligible individual to the 
                        public water system; or
                            ``(ii) a nonprofit entity that assists or 
                        is seeking to assist eligible individuals with 
                        the costs associated with connecting the 
                        household of the eligible individual to a 
                        public water system.
                    ``(B) Eligible individual.--The term `eligible 
                individual' has the meaning given the term in section 
                603(j) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 
                U.S.C. 1383(j)).
                    ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the 
                competitive grant program established under paragraph 
                (2).
            ``(2) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a competitive 
        grant program under which the Administrator awards grants to 
        eligible entities to provide funds to assist eligible 
        individuals in covering the costs incurred by the eligible 
        individual in connecting the household of the eligible 
        individual to a public water system.
            ``(3) Application.--An eligible entity seeking a grant 
        under the program shall submit to the Administrator an 
        application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Administrator may require.
            ``(4) Voluntary connection.--Before providing funds to an 
        eligible individual for the costs described in paragraph (2), 
        an eligible entity shall ensure that--
                    ``(A) the eligible individual is voluntarily 
                seeking connection to the public water system;
                    ``(B) if the eligible entity is not the owner or 
                operator of the public water system to which the 
                eligible individual seeks to connect, the public water 
                system to which the eligible individual seeks to 
                connect has agreed to the connection; and
                    ``(C) the connection of the household of the 
                eligible individual to the public water system meets 
                all applicable local and State regulations, 
                requirements, and codes.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the program $20,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2021 and 2022.''.
    (c) Competitive Grant Pilot Program.--Section 1459A of the Safe 
Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19a) (as amended by subsection (b)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(n) State Competitive Grants for Underserved Communities.--
            ``(1) In general.--In addition to amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated under subsection (k), there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out subsections (a) through (j) 
        $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024 in 
        accordance with paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Competitive grants.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this section, the Administrator shall 
                distribute amounts made available under paragraph (1) 
                to States through a competitive grant program.
                    ``(B) Applications.--To seek a grant under the 
                competitive grant program under subparagraph (A), a 
                State shall submit to the Administrator an application 
                at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
                information as the Administrator may require.
                    ``(C) Prioritization.--In selecting recipients of 
                grants under the competitive grant program under 
                subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall give priority 
                to States with a high proportion of underserved 
                communities that meet the condition described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(A).
            ``(3) Savings provision.--Nothing in this paragraph affects 
        the distribution of amounts made available under subsection 
        (k), including any methods used by the Administrator for 
        distribution of amounts made available under that subsection as 
        in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
        subsection.''.

SEC. 7. REDUCING LEAD IN DRINKING WATER.

    Section 1459B of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-19b) 
is amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by inserting ``(except for subsection (d))'' 
                after ``this section''; and
                    (B) by striking ``2021'' and inserting ``2022'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections 
        (e) and (f), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Lead Mapping Utilization Grant Pilot Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' 
                means a municipality that is served by a community 
                water system or a nontransient noncommunity water 
                system in which not less than 30 percent of the service 
                lines are known, or likely to contain, lead service 
                lines.
                    ``(B) Pilot program.--The term `pilot program' 
                means the pilot program established under paragraph 
                (2).
            ``(2) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        pilot program under which the Administrator shall provide 
        grants to eligible entities to carry out lead reduction 
        projects that are demonstrated to exist based on existing lead 
        mapping of those eligible entities.
            ``(3) Selection.--
                    ``(A) Application.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under the pilot program, an eligible entity shall 
                submit to the Administrator an application at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                as the Administrator may require.
                    ``(B) Prioritization.--In selecting recipients 
                under the pilot program, the Administrator shall give 
                priority to an eligible entity that meets the 
                affordability criteria established by the applicable 
                State.
            ``(4) Report.--Not later 2 years after the Administrator 
        first awards a grant under the pilot program, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works 
        of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
        House of Representatives a report describing--
                    ``(A) the recipients of grants under the pilot 
                program;
                    ``(B) the existing lead mapping that was available 
                to recipients of grants under the pilot program; and
                    ``(C) how useful and accurate the lead mapping 
                described in subparagraph (B) was in locating lead 
                contaminants of the eligible entity.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the pilot program $10,000,000, 
        to remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 8. OPERATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459E. OPERATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) a municipality; or
                    ``(B) an owner or operator of a public water 
                system.
            ``(2) Operational sustainability.--The term `operational 
        sustainability' means the ability to improve the operation of a 
        small system through the identification and prevention of 
        potable water loss due to leaks, breaks, and other metering or 
        infrastructure failures.
            ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the grant program 
        established under subsection (b).
            ``(4) Small system.--The term `small system' means a public 
        water system that--
                    ``(A) serves fewer than 10,000 people; and
                    ``(B) is owned or operated by--
                            ``(i) a unit of local government;
                            ``(ii) a public corporation;
                            ``(iii) a nonprofit corporation;
                            ``(iv) a public trust; or
                            ``(v) a cooperative association.
    ``(b) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a program to award 
grants to eligible entities for the purpose of improving the 
operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems.
    ``(c) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Administrator an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Administrator may require, including--
            ``(1) a proposal of the project to be carried out using 
        grant funds under the program;
            ``(2) documentation prepared by the eligible entity 
        describing the deficiencies or suspected deficiencies in 
        operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems that are 
        to be addressed through the proposed project;
            ``(3) a description of how the proposed project will 
        improve the operational sustainability of 1 or more small 
        systems;
            ``(4) a description of how the improvements described in 
        paragraph (3) will be maintained beyond the life of the 
        proposed project, including a plan to maintain and update any 
        asset data collected as a result of the proposed project;
            ``(5)(A) if the eligible entity is located in a State that 
        has established a State drinking water treatment revolving loan 
        fund under section 1452, a copy of a written agreement between 
        the eligible entity and the State in which the eligible entity 
        agrees to provide a copy of any data collected under the 
        proposed project to the State agency administering the State 
        drinking water treatment revolving loan fund (or a designee); 
        or
            ``(B) if the eligible entity is located in an area other 
        than a State that has established a State drinking water 
        treatment revolving loan fund under section 1452, a copy of a 
        written agreement between the eligible entity and the 
        Administrator in which the eligible entity agrees to provide a 
        copy of any data collected under the proposed project to the 
        Administrator (or a designee); and
            ``(6) any additional information the Administrator may 
        require.
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives a grant under 
the program shall use the grant funds to carry out projects that 
improve the operational sustainability of 1 or more small systems 
through--
            ``(1) the development of a detailed asset inventory, which 
        may include drinking water sources, wells, storage, valves, 
        treatment systems, distribution lines, hydrants, pumps, 
        controls, and other essential infrastructure;
            ``(2) the development of an infrastructure asset map, 
        including a map that uses technology such as--
                    ``(A) geographic information system software; and
                    ``(B) global positioning system software;
            ``(3) the deployment of leak detection technology;
            ``(4) the deployment of metering technology;
            ``(5) training in asset management strategies, techniques, 
        and technologies appropriate staff employed by--
                    ``(A) the eligible entity; or
                    ``(B) the small systems for which the grant was 
                received; and
            ``(6) the development or deployment of other strategies, 
        techniques, or technologies that the Administrator may 
        determine to be appropriate under the program.
    ``(e) Cost Share.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Federal 
        share of the cost of a project carried out using a grant under 
        the program shall be 90 percent of the total cost of the 
        project.
            ``(2) Waiver.--The Administrator may increase the Federal 
        share under paragraph (1) to 100 percent.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2021 through 2024.''.

SEC. 9. MIDSIZE DRINKING WATER SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE RESILIENCE AND 
              SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) (as 
amended by section 8) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459F. MIDSIZE DRINKING WATER SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE RESILIENCE 
              AND SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
        public water system that serves a community with a population 
        of--
                    ``(A) greater than 10,000; and
                    ``(B) fewer than 100,000.
            ``(2) Natural hazard; resilience.--The terms `resilience' 
        and `natural hazard' have the meanings given those terms in 
        section 1433(h).
            ``(3) Resilience and sustainability program.--The term 
        `resilience and sustainability program' means Midsize Drinking 
        Water System Infrastructure Resilience and Sustainability 
        Program established under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish and carry 
out a program, to be known as the `Midsize Drinking Water System 
Infrastructure Resilience and Sustainability Program', under which the 
Administrator, subject to the availability of appropriations for the 
resilience and sustainability program, shall award grants to eligible 
entities for the purpose of increasing resilience to natural hazards.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity may only use grant funds 
received under the resilience and sustainability program to assist in 
the planning, design, construction, implementation, operation, or 
maintenance of a program or project that increases resilience to 
natural hazards through--
            ``(1) the conservation of water or the enhancement of 
        water-use efficiency;
            ``(2) the modification or relocation of existing drinking 
        water system infrastructure made, or that is at risk of being, 
        significantly impaired by natural hazards, including risks to 
        drinking water from flooding;
            ``(3) the design or construction of new or modified 
        desalination facilities to serve existing communities;
            ``(4) the enhancement of water supply through the use of 
        watershed management and source water protection;
            ``(5) the enhancement of energy efficiency or the use and 
        generation of renewable energy in the conveyance or treatment 
        of drinking water; or
            ``(6) the development and implementation of measures to 
        increase the resilience of the eligible entity to natural 
        hazards.
    ``(d) Application.--To seek a grant under the resilience and 
sustainability program, an eligible entity shall submit to the 
Administrator an application at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Administrator may require, 
including--
            ``(1) a proposal of the program or project to be planned, 
        designed, constructed, implemented, operated, or maintained by 
        the eligible entity;
            ``(2) an identification of the natural hazard risk to be 
        addressed by the proposed program or project;
            ``(3) documentation prepared by a Federal, State, regional, 
        or local government agency of the natural hazard risk to the 
        area where the proposed program or project is to be located;
            ``(4) a description of any recent natural hazard events 
        that have affected the community water system of the eligible 
        entity;
            ``(5) a description of how the proposed program or project 
        would improve the performance of the community water system of 
        the eligible entity under the anticipated natural hazards; and
            ``(6) an explanation of how the proposed program or project 
        is expected to enhance the resilience of the community water 
        system of the eligible entity to the anticipated natural 
        hazards.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out the resilience and sustainability program 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024.''.

SEC. 10. NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR NATIONWIDE RURAL AND URBAN LOW-INCOME 
              COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE.

    Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) (as 
amended by section 9) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1459G. NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR NATIONWIDE RURAL AND URBAN LOW-
              INCOME COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE.

    ``(a) Definition of Low-Income Household.--In this section, the 
term `low-income household' means a household that has an income that, 
as determined by the State in which the household is located, does not 
exceed the greater of--
            ``(1) an amount equal to 150 percent of the poverty level 
        of that State; and
            ``(2) an amount equal to 60 percent of the State median 
        income for that State.
    ``(b) Study; Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Administrator shall conduct, and 
        submit to Congress a report describing the results of, a study 
        regarding the prevalence throughout the United States of low-
        income households, including low-income renters, that do not 
        have access to affordable public drinking water services to 
        meet household needs.
            ``(2) Inclusions.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) recommendations of the Administrator 
                regarding the best methods to increase access to 
                affordable and reliable drinking water services;
                    ``(B) a description of the cost of each method 
                described in subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) with respect to the development of the 
                report, a consultation with all relevant stakeholders.
            ``(3) Agreements.--The Administrator may enter into an 
        agreement with another Federal agency to carry out the study 
        under paragraph (1).
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000, to remain available 
until expended.''.

SEC. 11. LEAD CONTAMINATION IN SCHOOL DRINKING WATER.

    Section 1464 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-24) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by inserting ``public 
                water systems and'' after ``to assist'';
                    (B) in the third sentence, by inserting ``public 
                water systems,'' after ``schools,''; and
                    (C) in the sixth sentence, by striking ``within 100 
                days after the enactment of this section'' and 
                inserting ``not later than 100 days after the date of 
                enactment of the Drinking Water Infrastructure Act of 
                2020''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``, public water 
                                systems that serve schools and child 
                                care programs under the jurisdiction of 
                                those local educational agencies, and 
                                qualified nonprofit organizations'' 
                                before ``in voluntary'';
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; and'';
                                    (III) by striking ``grants 
                                available to States'' and inserting the 
                                following: ``grants available to--
                            ``(i) States''; and
                                    (IV) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(ii) tribal consortia to assist tribal 
                        education agencies (as defined in section 3 of 
                        the National Environmental Education Act (20 
                        U.S.C. 5502) in voluntary testing for lead 
                        contamination in drinking water at schools and 
                        child care programs under the jurisdiction of 
                        the tribal education agency.''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``or'' at the end;
                                    (II) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                the period at the end and inserting a 
                                semicolon; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                            ``(iii) any public water system that is 
                        located in a State that does not participate in 
                        the voluntary grant program established under 
                        subparagraph (A) that--
                                    ``(I) assists schools or child care 
                                programs in lead testing; or
                                    ``(II) provides technical 
                                assistance to schools or child care 
                                programs in carrying out lead testing; 
                                or
                            ``(iv) a qualified nonprofit organization, 
                        as determined by the Administrator.'';
                    (B) in paragraphs (3), (5), (6), and (7), by 
                striking ``State or local educational agency'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``State, local 
                educational agency, public water system, tribal 
                consortium, or qualified nonprofit organization'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``States and 
                local educational agencies'' and inserting ``States, 
                local educational agencies, public water systems, 
                tribal consortia, and qualified nonprofit 
                organizations'';
                    (D) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``, public water system, 
                        tribal consortium, or qualified nonprofit 
                        organization'' after ``each local educational 
                        agency'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by inserting 
                        ``or tribal'' after ``applicable State''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B)(i), by inserting 
                        ``applicable'' before ``local educational 
                        agency''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (8), by striking ``2020 and 2021'' 
                and inserting ``2021 and 2022''.

SEC. 12. INDIAN RESERVATION DRINKING WATER PROGRAM.

    Section 2001 of the America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (42 
U.S.C. 300j-3c note; Public Law 115-270) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``Subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, the Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency'' and inserting ``The Administrator 
                of the Environmental Protection Agency (referred to in 
                this section as the `Administrator')''; and
                    (B) by striking ``to implement'' in the matter 
                preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through 
                the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting 
                ``to implement eligible projects described in 
                subsection (b).'';
            (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e);
            (3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Required Projects.--
            ``(1) In general.--If sufficient applications exist, of the 
        funds made available to carry out this section, the 
        Administrator shall use 50 percent to carry out--
                    ``(A) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Upper Missouri River Basin;
                    ``(B) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Upper Rio Grande Basin; and
                    ``(C) 10 eligible projects described in subsection 
                (b) that are within the Columbia River Basin.
            ``(2) Requirement.--In carrying out paragraph (1)(A), the 
        Administrator shall select not fewer than 2 eligible projects 
        for a reservation that serves more than 1 federally recognized 
        Indian Tribe.
    ``(d) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the cost of a project 
carried out under this section shall be 100 percent.''; and
            (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``There is'' and inserting ``There 
                are'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (a) $20,000,000'' and 
                inserting the following: ``subsection (a)--
            ``(1) $20,000,000'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by 
                striking ``2022.'' and inserting ``2020; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
        2024.''.

SEC. 13. ADVANCED DRINKING WATER TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Study.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Environmental 
        Protection Agency (referred to in this section as the 
        ``Administrator'') shall carry out a study that examines the 
        state of existing and potential future technology that enhances 
        or could enhance the treatment, monitoring, affordability, 
        efficiency, and safety of drinking water provided by a public 
        water system (as defined in section 1401 of the Safe Drinking 
        Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f)).
            (2) Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the 
        Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives a report that describes the results of the 
        study under paragraph (1).
    (b) Advanced Drinking Water Technology Grant Program.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
                means the owner or operator of a public water system 
                that--
                            (i) serves--
                                    (I) a population of not more than 
                                100,000 people; or
                                    (II) an underserved community; and
                            (ii) has plans to identify or has 
                        identified opportunities in the operations of 
                        the public water system to employ new or 
                        emerging, yet proven, technologies, as 
                        determined by the Administrator, that enhance 
                        treatment, monitoring, affordability, 
                        efficiency, or safety of the drinking water 
                        provided by the public water system, including 
                        technologies not identified in the study 
                        conducted under subsection (a)(1).
                    (B) Program.--The term ``program'' means the 
                competitive grant program established under paragraph 
                (2).
                    (C) Public water system.--The term ``public water 
                system'' has the meaning given the term in section 1401 
                of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f).
                    (D) Underserved community.--The term ``underserved 
                community'' means a political subdivision of a State 
                that, as determined by the Administrator, has an 
                inadequate system for obtaining drinking water.
            (2) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        competitive grant program under which the Administrator shall 
        award grants to eligible entities for the purpose of deploying 
        technologies described in paragraph (1)(A)(ii).
            (3) Requirements.--
                    (A) Applications.--To be eligible to receive a 
                grant under the program, an eligible entity shall 
                submit to the Administrator an application at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                as the Administrator may require.
                    (B) Limitation.--A grant provided under the program 
                shall be in an amount that is not more than $500,000.
                    (C) Federal share.--
                            (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the Federal share of the cost of a project 
                        carried out using a grant under the program 
                        shall not exceed 90 percent of the total cost 
                        of the project.
                            (ii) Waiver.--The Administrator may 
                        increase the Federal share under clause (i) to 
                        100 percent.
            (4) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which 
        Administrator first awards a grant under the program, and 
        annually thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to Congress 
        a report describing--
                    (A) each recipient of a grant under the program 
                during the previous 1-year period; and
                    (B) a summary of the activities carried out using 
                grants awarded under the program.
            (5) Funding.--
                    (A) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to carry out the program 
                $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024, 
                to remain available until expended.
                    (B) Administrative costs.--Not more than 2 percent 
                of the amount made available for a fiscal year under 
                subparagraph (A) to carry out the program may be used 
                by the Administrator for the administrative costs of 
                carrying out the program.

SEC. 14. DRINKING WATER INFRASTRUCTURE DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency (referred to in this section as the 
``Administrator'') shall establish a drinking water discretionary grant 
program (referred to in this section as the ``program'') to provide 
grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities described in 
subsection (b) for investments in drinking water infrastructure 
projects.
    (b) Eligible Entities.--An entity eligible to receive a grant under 
the program is--
            (1) a State, interstate, intermunicipal, or local 
        governmental entity, agency, or instrumentality;
            (2) a Tribal government or consortium of Tribal 
        governments;
            (3) a State infrastructure financing authority; and
            (4) a community water system or nonprofit noncommunity 
        water system (as those terms are defined in section 1401 of the 
        Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f)).
    (c) Eligible Projects.--
            (1) In general.--A project eligible to be carried out with 
        funds under the program includes--
                    (A) 1 or more activities described in subparagraphs 
                (B) through (E) of section 1452(a)(2) of the Safe 
                Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12(a)(2)); and
                    (B) any other drinking water infrastructure project 
                that the Administrator determines to appropriate.
            (2) Other federal funds.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law, a project otherwise eligible under paragraph 
        (1) shall not be ineligible for funding because the project 
        also received assistance--
                    (A) from a State drinking water treatment revolving 
                loan fund established under section 1452 of the Safe 
                Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-12);
                    (B) from a State water pollution control revolving 
                fund established under title VI of the Federal Water 
                Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.); or
                    (C) under the Water Infrastructure Finance and 
                Innovation Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.).
    (d) Application.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        the program, an eligible entity shall submit to the 
        Administrator an application in such manner and containing such 
        information as the Administrator may require.
            (2) Bundling of projects.--An eligible entity may include 
        more than 1 project in a single application.
            (3) Deadline.--An application shall be submitted to the 
        Administrator not later than 180 days after the date on which 
        the notice of funding opportunity and the selection criteria 
        are issued under subsection (e)(1)(B).
    (e) Selection.--
            (1) Criteria.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish 
                criteria in accordance with this subsection to use in 
                selecting projects to receive a grant under the 
                program.
                    (B) Publication.--Not later than 90 days after the 
                date on which funds are made available to carry out the 
                program for each fiscal year, the Administrator shall--
                            (i) issue a notice of funding opportunity 
                        for the program; and
                            (ii) include in the notice the selection 
                        criteria established under subparagraph (A).
            (2) Priority.--In selecting projects to receive a grant 
        under the program, the Administrator shall give priority to 
        projects--
                    (A) for which a Federal grant would assist in 
                completing an overall financing package for the 
                project; and
                    (B) that would help bring public water systems (as 
                defined in section 1401 of the Safe Drinking Water Act 
                (42 U.S.C. 300f)) into compliance with the Safe 
                Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.).
            (3) Geographical distribution.--For each fiscal year, in 
        providing grants under the program, the Administrator shall 
        ensure that the funds are distributed--
                    (A) on an equitable geographical basis; and
                    (B) in a manner that balances the needs of urban, 
                suburban, and rural communities.
            (4) Deadline.--Not later than 18 months after the date on 
        which funds are made available to carry out the program for 
        each fiscal year, the Administrator shall select projects to 
        receive grants under the program.
    (f) Requirements.--
            (1) Total state limit.--For each fiscal year, the total 
        amount provided under the program for projects in a single 
        State shall not exceed 20 percent of the total amount made 
        available to carry out the program.
            (2) Non-federal share.--
                    (A) In general.--The non-Federal share of the cost 
                of a project carried out with a grant under the program 
                shall be not less than 20 percent.
                    (B) Other federal sources.--An eligible entity 
                receiving a grant under the program may use funds 
                provided from other Federal sources to meet the non-
                Federal share requirement under subparagraph (A).
    (g) Regulations.--The Administrator may promulgate such regulations 
as may be necessary to carry out this section.
    (h) Labor Standards.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
the Administrator may not provide a grant under the program for a 
project unless the project meets the requirements described in section 
1450(e) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j-9(e)).
    (i) Reports.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress and make publicly 
available a report on the implementation of the program.
    (j) Funding.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2022 through 2024.
            (2) Availability.--Funds made available to carry out this 
        section shall be available until expended.
            (3) Administrative costs.--Not more than 2 percent of the 
        amount made available for a fiscal year under paragraph (1) may 
        be used by the Administrator for the administrative costs of 
        carrying out the program.
                                 <all>