Title: Child Care for Working Families Act
Policy area: Education

Summary:
Child Care for Working Families Act
This bill provides funds and otherwise revises certain child care and early learning programs for low- to moderate-income families.
Specifically, the bill provides funds for the Child Care and Development Block Grant program and reestablishes it as a child care and development assistance program. It also allocates program funds for states to provide services and supports to infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.
Further, it revises the program to require each state to, among other things
It also provides funds and establishes grants for states to create preschool programs for low- to moderate-income children between the ages of three and five years.
Finally, the Department of Health and Human Services must make grants to Head Start agencies to (1) provide children with access to full-school-year and full-school-day services, (2) provide access to additional service hours for migrant and seasonal agencies, or (3) enhance the quality of existing services.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 568 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 568

To amend the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 and the 
Head Start Act to promote child care and early learning, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           February 26, 2019

   Mrs. Murray (for herself, Mr. Casey, Ms. Hirono, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. 
Blumenthal, Mr. Booker, Mr. Brown, Ms. Cantwell, Mr. Cardin, Mr. Coons, 
   Ms. Cortez Masto, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Durbin, Mrs. Feinstein, Mrs. 
   Gillibrand, Ms. Harris, Ms. Hassan, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Leahy, Mr. 
 Markey, Mr. Menendez, Mr. Merkley, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Peters, Mr. Reed, 
Ms. Rosen, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Schatz, Mr. Schumer, Ms. Smith, Mr. Udall, 
 Mr. Van Hollen, Ms. Warren, Mr. Whitehouse, and Mr. Wyden) introduced 
the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee 
               on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 and the 
Head Start Act to promote child care and early learning, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Child Care for Working Families 
Act''.

             TITLE I--CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE

SEC. 101. PURPOSES.

    Section 658A(b) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act 
of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9801 note) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) to ensure that no low- to moderate-income family pays 
        more than 7 percent of its household income on child care;'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
            ``(2) to support working parents in making their own 
        decisions regarding the child care services that best suit 
        their family's needs;'';
            (3) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) by striking ``high-quality,'' and inserting 
                ``high-quality and inclusive, and''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, including before- and after-
                school and summer care for school-age children,'' after 
                ``services'';
            (4) in paragraph (5), by inserting before the semicolon the 
        following: ``, and to help child care programs meet evidence-
        based or national standards to improve the quality of child 
        care'';
            (5) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) by inserting ``, including children with 
                disabilities and infants and toddlers with 
                disabilities'' before the semicolon; and
                    (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (6) in paragraph (7)--
                    (A) by striking ``high-quality'' and inserting 
                ``high-quality and inclusive''; and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; and''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) to support statewide systems to support the needs of 
        infants and toddlers with disabilities, better coordinate child 
        care and other services, and assist States in increasing the 
        number of child care providers that provide high-quality and 
        inclusive care to families of infants or toddlers with 
        disabilities and families of children with disabilities.''.

SEC. 102. APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 658B of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858) is amended by striking all that follows the 
section heading and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated and 
there are appropriated to carry out this subchapter (other than 
paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 658O(a)) $20,000,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2020, $30,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, $40,000,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2022, and such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 
2023 and each subsequent fiscal year.
    ``(b) Territories; Indian Tribes.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated and there are appropriated to carry out paragraphs (1) and 
(2) of section 658O(a) such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 
2020 and each subsequent fiscal year.''.

SEC. 103. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.

    Section 658C of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858a) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 658C. ESTABLISHMENT OF CHILD CARE PROGRAM.

    ``The Secretary is authorized to administer a child care program 
under which families in the State shall be provided an opportunity to 
obtain child care for eligible children, subject to the requirements of 
this subchapter.''.

SEC. 104. LEAD AGENCY.

    Section 658D of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858b) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``a grant'' and 
        inserting ``payments''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by inserting before the 
        semicolon the following: ``, including by certifying the 
        eligibility of children''.

SEC. 105. APPLICATION AND PLAN.

    (a) Plan Requirements.--Section 658E(c) of the Child Care and 
Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858c(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by striking the matter preceding clause 
                        (i) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) Supporting working parents.--Support working 
                parents by providing assurances that--''; and
                            (ii) by striking clause (i)(II) and 
                        inserting the following:
                                    ``(II) to enroll such child with a 
                                child care provider who has received a 
                                child care certificate from such parent 
                                or parents;'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (E)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) by striking subclause (II) and 
                                inserting the following:
                                    ``(II) the State's tiered and 
                                transparent system for measuring the 
                                quality of child care providers, 
                                described in subparagraph (W)(i), 
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) a description of the 
                                        national standards or other 
                                        equally rigorous and evidence-
                                        based standards tied to child 
                                        outcomes that the State uses 
                                        for purposes of subparagraph 
                                        (W)(i)(II)(aa);
                                            ``(bb) the payment rates 
                                        referred to in paragraph (4), 
                                        for providers at each tier of 
                                        such system; and
                                            ``(cc) the number and 
                                        percentage of eligible 
                                        providers at each tier of such 
                                        system, in total and 
                                        disaggregated by geographic 
                                        location;'';
                                    (II) in subclause (IV), by 
                                inserting ``the program carried out 
                                under title II of the Child Care for 
                                Working Families Act,'' after ``9831 et 
                                seq.),''; and
                                    (III) in subclause (VII), by 
                                striking ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) information about the State's wage 
                        ladder described in subparagraph (G)(iii); and
                            ``(iv) information on opportunities for 
                        staff of child care providers to improve their 
                        skills and credentials, including information 
                        about training opportunities and professional 
                        organizations that provide such training.'';
                    (C) in subparagraph (G)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and 
                        professional development requirements'' and 
                        inserting ``, professional development, and 
                        compensation requirements'';
                            (ii) in clause (ii)(V)--
                                    (I) by redesignating item (dd) as 
                                item (ee);
                                    (II) in item (cc), by striking 
                                ``and''; and
                                    (III) by inserting after item (cc) 
                                the following:
                                            ``(dd) infants and toddlers 
                                        with disabilities; and'';
                            (iii) by redesignating clauses (iii) and 
                        (iv) as clauses (v) and (vi), respectively; and
                            (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iii) Compensation.--The plan shall 
                        provide a description of the State's wage 
                        ladder for staff of eligible child care 
                        providers, and an assurance that wages for such 
                        staff will, at a minimum, meet the requirements 
                        of paragraph (4)(B)(iii)(II).
                            ``(iv) Stakeholder engagement.--The plan 
                        shall demonstrate how the State will facilitate 
                        participation of staff of eligible child care 
                        providers in organizations that foster the 
                        professional development and stakeholder 
                        engagement of the child care workforce.'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (I)--
                            (i) in clause (i)(XI), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period 
                        and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) may include a requirement to comply 
                        with the standards recommended in the 
                        Department of Health and Human Services' report 
                        entitled `Caring for Our Children Basics: 
                        Health and Safety Foundations for Early Care 
                        and Education', issued on June 25, 2015.'';
                    (E) in subparagraph (K)(i), in the matter preceding 
                subclause (I), by striking ``, not later than 2 years 
                after the date of enactment of the Child Care and 
                Development Block Grant Act of 2014,'';
                    (F) in subparagraph (M)--
                            (i) by adding ``investment of quality child 
                        care amounts described in section 658G(a)(1),'' 
                        after ``parents,'';
                            (ii) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause 
                        (v);
                            (iii) in clause (iii), by striking ``, as 
                        defined by the State; and'' and inserting a 
                        semicolon; and
                            (iv) by inserting after clause (iii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iv) infants and toddlers with 
                        disabilities; and'';
                    (G) in subparagraph (N)--
                            (i) in clause (i)(I), by striking ``, if 
                        that family income does not exceed 85 percent 
                        of the State median income for a family of the 
                        same size'';
                            (ii) in clause (ii), by striking 
                        ``(especially parents in families receiving 
                        assistance under the program of block grants to 
                        States for temporary assistance for needy 
                        families under part A of title IV of the Social 
                        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.))''; and
                            (iii) by striking clause (iv);
                    (H) in subparagraph (O)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``with 
                        programs operating'' and all that follows and 
                        inserting ``with programs, operating at the 
                        Federal, State, and local levels for children, 
                        that are--
                                    ``(I) preschool programs, programs 
                                funded under title II of the Child Care 
                                for Working Families Act, programs 
                                funded under section 657C of the Head 
                                Start Act, tribal early childhood 
                                programs, and other early childhood 
                                programs, including those serving 
                                infants and toddlers with disabilities;
                                    ``(II) programs serving homeless 
                                children and children in foster care; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) programs funded under the 
                                Individuals with Disabilities Education 
                                Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.).'';
                            (ii) by striking clause (ii); and
                            (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as 
                        clause (ii);
                    (I) in subparagraph (Q)--
                            (i) by striking ``low-income populations'' 
                        and inserting ``children in underserved areas, 
                        children with disabilities, and infants and 
                        toddlers with disabilities'';
                            (ii) by striking ``high-quality'' and 
                        inserting ``high-quality and inclusive''; and
                            (iii) by inserting before the period the 
                        following: ``and to children with disabilities 
                        and infants and toddlers with disabilities'';
                    (J) by striking subparagraph (S) and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(S) Prohibition on suspensions, expulsions, and 
                aversive behavioral interventions.--The State plan 
                shall provide an assurance that the State will provide 
                assistance to carry out this subchapter only to 
                eligible child care providers that prohibit--
                            ``(i) the use of suspension and expulsion 
                        of children; and
                            ``(ii) the use of aversive behavioral 
                        interventions.'';
                    (K) in subparagraph (T)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding 
                                subclause (I), by striking ``(or 
                                develop such guidelines if the State 
                                does not have such guidelines as of the 
                                date of enactment of the Child Care and 
                                Development Block Grant Act of 2014)''; 
                                and
                                    (II) in subclause (I), by striking 
                                ``research-based'' and inserting 
                                ``evidence-based''; and
                            (ii) in clause (iv)--
                                    (I) by striking subclauses (II) and 
                                (III);
                                    (II) by striking ``Federal 
                                Government'' and all that follows 
                                through ``mandate'' and inserting 
                                ``Federal Government to mandate''; and
                                    (III) by striking ``section;'' and 
                                inserting ``section.'';
                    (L) in subparagraph (U)--
                            (i) in clause (ii), by inserting ``the 
                        State's lead agency established or designated 
                        under section 635(a)(10) of the Individuals 
                        with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
                        1435(a)(10)),'' after ``the State resource and 
                        referral system,''; and
                            (ii) in clause (iii)(I), by inserting 
                        ``infants and toddlers with disabilities,'' 
                        after ``children with disabilities,''; and
                    (M) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(W) Tiered and transparent system for measuring 
                the quality of child care providers.--The State plan 
                shall describe how the State will develop or revise 
                with input from child care providers, from families, 
                and from organizations representing child care 
                directors, teachers, and other staff, within 3 years 
                after the date of submission of the State application, 
                systems for measuring the quality of eligible child 
                care providers who provide services for which 
                assistance is made available under this subchapter, 
                that consist of--
                            ``(i) a tiered and transparent system for 
                        measuring the quality of eligible child care 
                        providers who serve eligible children, that--
                                    ``(I) applies to eligible child 
                                care providers (except providers of 
                                family, friend, or neighbor care that 
                                elect to be covered under clause (ii));
                                    ``(II) includes a set of standards, 
                                for determining the tier of quality of 
                                a child care provider, that--
                                            ``(aa) uses the degree to 
                                        which the provider meets 
                                        national standards (which may 
                                        be Head Start program 
                                        performance standards described 
                                        in section 641A(a) of the Head 
                                        Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9836a(a)) 
                                        or standards for national 
                                        accreditation of early learning 
                                        programs) or other equally 
                                        rigorous and evidence-based 
                                        standards that are tied to 
                                        child outcomes; and
                                            ``(bb) includes indicators 
                                        that are appropriate for 
                                        different types of providers, 
                                        including child care centers 
                                        and family child care 
                                        providers, and are appropriate 
                                        for providers serving different 
                                        age groups (including mixed age 
                                        groups) of children, while 
                                        maintaining a high level of 
                                        quality child care by all of 
                                        the different types of 
                                        providers and for all of the 
                                        different age groups (including 
                                        mixed age groups);
                                    ``(III) includes a different set of 
                                standards that includes different 
                                indicators, to be applied, when 
                                appropriate, for care during 
                                nontraditional hours of operation; and
                                    ``(IV) in conjunction with the 
                                increasing payment rates under 
                                paragraph (4) (increasing due to 
                                factors specified in paragraph (4) such 
                                as the cost estimation model and 
                                quality basis for payment rates), 
                                provides for sufficient resources to 
                                enable standards at the entry tier for 
                                such system to increase in rigor over 
                                time; and
                            ``(ii) a separate system of quality 
                        standards for providers concerning 
                        developmentally appropriate and age-appropriate 
                        care that--
                                    ``(I) applies to eligible child 
                                care providers of family, friend, or 
                                neighbor care (except such providers 
                                that elect to be covered under clause 
                                (i)); and
                                    ``(II) includes standards for care 
                                during nontraditional hours of 
                                operation and traditional hours of 
                                operation.
                    ``(X) Prohibition on charging more than 
                copayment.--The State plan shall provide that, after 
                the systems described in subparagraph (W) are in 
                effect, child care providers receiving financial 
                assistance under this subchapter may not charge the 
                family of an eligible child more than the total of--
                            ``(i) the financial assistance provided to 
                        the family under this subchapter; and
                            ``(ii) any applicable copayment pursuant to 
                        paragraph (5).
                    ``(Y) Policies to support children with 
                disabilities and infants and toddlers with 
                disabilities.--The State plan shall provide a 
                description of--
                            ``(i) how the State will ensure that 
                        eligible child care providers, except for 
                        providers of family, friend, or neighbor care 
                        that elect to be covered under subparagraph 
                        (W)(ii), will prioritize children with 
                        disabilities and infants and toddlers with 
                        disabilities for slots in programs carried out 
                        by the providers; and
                            ``(ii) how the State will work with the 
                        State's lead agency established or designated 
                        under section 635(a)(10) of the Individuals 
                        with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
                        1435(a)(10)), local educational agencies, and 
                        early intervention services providers to 
                        provide services and supports described in the 
                        Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 
                        U.S.C. 1400 et seq.) in inclusive child care 
                        settings to children with disabilities, and to 
                        infants and toddlers with disabilities, who are 
                        eligible children.'';
            (2) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``block 
                grant'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``subparagraphs (B) through (D)'' and inserting 
                ``subparagraph (C)'';
                    (C) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
                following:
                    ``(B) Child care services and related activities.--
                The State shall use amounts provided to the State for 
                each fiscal year under this subchapter for child care 
                services, provided on a sliding fee scale basis, and 
                the activities described in section 658G.'';
                    (D) by striking subparagraph (C);
                    (E) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``provide 
                assistance'' and inserting ``provide assistance 
                (including providing access to programs that meet the 
                standards for a high tier of the system described in 
                paragraph (2)(W)(i))'';
                    (F) by striking subparagraph (E); and
                    (G) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                subparagraph (C); and
            (3) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(4) Payment rates.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The State plan shall--
                            ``(i) certify that payment rates for the 
                        provision of child care services for which 
                        assistance is provided in accordance with this 
                        subchapter--
                                    ``(I) will be based on a cost 
                                estimation model that is described in 
                                subparagraph (B) and is approved by the 
                                Secretary of Health and Human Services; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) will correspond to 
                                differences in quality based on the 
                                State's tiered and transparent system 
                                for measuring the quality of child care 
                                providers, described in paragraph 
                                (2)(W)(i), and based on the standards 
                                described in paragraph (2)(W)(ii); and
                            ``(ii) specify whether the State is 
                        electing--
                                    ``(I) to include, in those payment 
                                rates, a bonus for serving children 
                                during nontraditional hours; or
                                    ``(II) to waive the copayment 
                                described in paragraph (5) for a child 
                                who has been identified as eligible for 
                                assistance from child protective 
                                services.
                    ``(B) Cost estimation model.--The State plan 
                shall--
                            ``(i) demonstrate that the State has, after 
                        consulting with the entities and individuals 
                        described in subparagraph (D), developed and 
                        used (not earlier than 3 years before the date 
                        of the submission of the application containing 
                        the State plan) a statistically valid and 
                        reliable cost estimation model for the rates of 
                        such child care services in the State--
                                    ``(I) for providers at each of the 
                                tiers of the State's tiered and 
                                transparent system for measuring the 
                                quality of child care providers 
                                described in paragraph (2)(W)(i) (which 
                                rates reflect variations in the cost of 
                                child care services by geographic area, 
                                type of provider, and age of child, and 
                                the additional costs associated with 
                                providing high-quality and inclusive 
                                child care services for children with 
                                disabilities and infants and toddlers 
                                with disabilities); and
                                    ``(II) for providers that meet the 
                                standards described in paragraph 
                                (2)(W)(ii);
                            ``(ii) demonstrate that the State prepared 
                        a detailed report containing the child care 
                        costs estimated with the State cost estimation 
                        model pursuant to clause (i), and made the 
                        estimated costs widely available (not later 
                        than 30 days after the completion of the 
                        estimation) through periodic means, including 
                        posting the estimated costs on the Internet;
                            ``(iii) describe how the State will set 
                        payment rates for child care services, for 
                        which assistance is provided in accordance with 
                        this subchapter--
                                    ``(I) in accordance with the most 
                                recent estimates from the most recent 
                                cost estimation model used pursuant to 
                                clause (i), so that providers at each 
                                tier of the tiered and transparent 
                                system for measuring program quality 
                                receive payment that is not less than 
                                the cost of meeting the requirements of 
                                such tier; and
                                    ``(II) that maintain an effective 
                                and diverse workforce by ensuring wages 
                                for staff of child care providers 
                                that--
                                            ``(aa) are comparable to 
                                        wages for elementary educators 
                                        with similar credentials and 
                                        experience in the State; and
                                            ``(bb) at a minimum, 
                                        provide a living wage for all 
                                        staff of child care providers; 
                                        and
                            ``(iv) describe how the State will provide 
                        for timely payment for child care services 
                        provided under this subchapter.
                    ``(C) Payment practices.--The State plan shall 
                include--
                            ``(i) a certification that the payment 
                        practices of child care providers in the State 
                        that serve children who receive assistance 
                        under this subchapter reflect generally 
                        accepted payment practices of child care 
                        providers in the State that serve children who 
                        do not receive assistance under this 
                        subchapter, including the practice of paying 
                        the providers the payment rate described in 
                        subparagraph (A)(i) based on the number of 
                        children enrolled and not the number of 
                        children in daily attendance, so as to provide 
                        stability of funding and encourage more child 
                        care providers to serve children who receive 
                        assistance under this subchapter; and
                            ``(ii) an assurance that the State will 
                        implement enrollment and eligibility policies 
                        that support the fixed costs of providing child 
                        care services by delinking provider payment 
                        rates from an eligible child's occasional 
                        absences due to holidays or unforeseen 
                        circumstances such as illness.
                    ``(D) Entities and individuals consulted.--The 
                entities and individuals referred to in subparagraph 
                (B)(i) are the State Advisory Council on Early 
                Childhood Education and Care designated or established 
                in section 642B(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Head Start Act (42 
                U.S.C. 9837b(b)(1)(A)(i)), administrators of local 
                child care programs and Head Start programs, 
                organizations representing child care directors, 
                teachers, and other staff, local child care resource 
                and referral agencies, organizations representing 
                parents of children with disabilities and parents of 
                infants and toddlers with disabilities, the State 
                interagency coordinating council established under 
                section 641 of the Individuals with Disabilities 
                Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1441), the State advisory 
                panel established under section 612(a)(21) of the 
                Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
                1412(a)(21)), and other appropriate entities.
            ``(5) Sliding scale for copayments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraphs (B)(i) and (C), the State plan shall 
                provide an assurance that the State will require--
                            ``(i) a family receiving assistance under 
                        this subchapter to pay the copayment referred 
                        to in paragraph (2)(X); or
                            ``(ii) another entity to pay the copayment 
                        on behalf of the family, voluntarily or in 
                        accordance with Federal law.
                    ``(B) Sliding scale.--Such copayment shall be based 
                on a sliding scale that provides that, for a family 
                with a family income--
                            ``(i) of not more than 75 percent of State 
                        median income, the family shall not pay a 
                        copayment, toward the cost of the child care 
                        involved for all eligible children in the 
                        family;
                            ``(ii) of more than 75 percent but not more 
                        than 100 percent of State median income, the 
                        copayment shall be more than 0 but not more 
                        than 2 percent of that family income, toward 
                        such cost for all such children;
                            ``(iii) of more than 100 percent but not 
                        more than 125 percent of State median income, 
                        the copayment shall be more than 2 but not more 
                        than 4 percent of that family income, toward 
                        such cost for all such children; and
                            ``(iv) of more than 125 percent but not 
                        more than 150 percent of State median income, 
                        the copayment shall be more than 4 but not more 
                        than 7 percent of that family income, toward 
                        such cost for all such children.
                    ``(C) Special rule.--The State shall not require a 
                family with a child that is eligible for a Head Start 
                program under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et 
                seq.) to pay a copayment under this paragraph for any 
                eligible child in the family.''.

SEC. 106. LIMITATIONS.

    Section 658F is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the 
        following:

``SEC. 658F. LIMITATIONS.'';

        and
            (2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``section 
        658O(c)(6)'' and inserting ``section 658O(b)(6)''.

SEC. 107. ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF CHILD CARE.

    Section 658G of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9848e) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``A State'' and 
                all that follows through ``for activities'' and 
                inserting ``A State that receives a payment under 
                section 658J shall reserve and use the quality child 
                care amount described in paragraph (2) for 
                activities'';
                            (i) by adding ``for all age groups of 
                        eligible children'' before ``, and is in 
                        alignment with''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(2) Quality child care amount.--Such State shall reserve 
        and use--
                    ``(A) during fiscal years 2020 through 2022, from 
                each payment made to the State for a fiscal year, a 
                quality child care amount equal to 50 percent of the 
                allotment; and
                    ``(B) during fiscal year 2023 and each subsequent 
                fiscal year, from each of the quarterly payments made 
                to the State for a fiscal year, a quality child care 
                amount equal to not more than 10 percent of 25 percent 
                of the amount made available to the State to carry out 
                this subchapter for the second preceding fiscal 
                year.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Quality child care amounts reserved 
        under subsection (a) shall be used to carry out activities 
        that--
                    ``(A) consist of--
                            ``(i) each of the activities described in 
                        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (2), and 
                        the activities described in paragraph (2)(C) 
                        under the circumstances described in that 
                        paragraph;
                            ``(ii) the activities described in 
                        paragraph (3);
                            ``(iii) at the election of the State, the 
                        activities described in paragraph (4);
                            ``(iv) not fewer than one of the activities 
                        described in a subparagraph of paragraph (5);
                            ``(v) not fewer than one of the activities 
                        described in a subparagraph of paragraph (6), 
                        or in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) of 
                        paragraph (6);
                            ``(vi) each of the activities described in 
                        paragraph (7);
                            ``(vii) one or more activities described in 
                        a subparagraph of paragraph (8); and
                            ``(viii) at the election of the State 
                        during fiscal years 2020 through 2022--
                                    ``(I) remodeling, renovation, or 
                                repair permitted under section 658F(b); 
                                or
                                    ``(II) construction or renovation 
                                permitted under section 658O(b)(6), 
                                with priority for funding for such 
                                construction or renovation given to--
                                            ``(aa) providers of high-
                                        quality and inclusive care for 
                                        children with disabilities and 
                                        infants and toddlers with 
                                        disabilities;
                                            ``(bb) care during 
                                        nontraditional hours;
                                            ``(cc) providers in rural 
                                        areas; and
                                            ``(dd) providers in 
                                        underserved areas or areas of 
                                        concentrated poverty; and
                    ``(B) will improve the quality of child care 
                services provided in the State.
            ``(2) Quality improvement grants.--A State shall use 
        quality child care amounts to improve the quality of child care 
        providers across the State that are eligible for assistance 
        under this subchapter, including by--
                    ``(A) making startup grants (including, in the case 
                of providers of family, friend, or neighbor care, 
                grants for activities described in paragraph (8)(H)) to 
                child care providers that are not yet participating in 
                the tiered and transparent system for measuring the 
                quality of child care providers described in section 
                658E(c)(2)(W)(i), in a fiscal year, and that commit to 
                improve quality so that the provider involved can 
                participate in that system in the subsequent fiscal 
                year;
                    ``(B) making quality improvement grants to child 
                care providers that meet the requirements for a tier of 
                the State tiered and transparent system for measuring 
                the quality of child care providers described in 
                section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i), in a fiscal year, and that 
                commit to improve quality so that the provider involved 
                can meet the requirements for a higher tier in the 
                subsequent 3 fiscal years; and
                    ``(C) renewing a grant described in subparagraph 
                (A) or (B) at the end of the applicable grant period, 
                for a provider that demonstrates sufficient progress in 
                meeting the goals for the grant.
            ``(3) Activities to assist homeless children and children 
        in foster care.--A State shall use quality child care amounts 
        for activities that improve access to child care services for 
        homeless children and children in foster care, including--
                    ``(A) the use of procedures to permit immediate 
                enrollment of homeless children and children in foster 
                care while required documentation is obtained;
                    ``(B) training and technical assistance on 
                identifying and serving homeless children and their 
                families, and children in foster care and their foster 
                families; and
                    ``(C) specific outreach to homeless families and 
                foster families.
            ``(4) Child care resource and referral system.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A State may use quality child 
                care amounts to establish or support a system of local 
                or regional child care resource and referral 
                organizations that is coordinated, to the extent 
                determined appropriate by the State, by a statewide 
                public or private nonprofit, community-based or 
                regionally based, lead child care resource and referral 
                organization.
                    ``(B) Local or regional organizations.--The local 
                or regional child care resource and referral 
                organizations supported as described in subparagraph 
                (A) shall--
                            ``(i) provide parents in the State with 
                        consumer education information referred to in 
                        section 658E(c)(2)(E) (except as otherwise 
                        provided in that section), concerning the full 
                        range of child care options (including faith-
                        based and community-based child care 
                        providers), analyzed by provider, including 
                        child care provided during nontraditional 
                        hours, child care provided through emergency 
                        child care centers, and inclusive child care 
                        options for children with disabilities and 
                        infants and toddlers with disabilities, in 
                        their political subdivisions or regions;
                            ``(ii) to the extent practicable, work 
                        directly with families who receive assistance 
                        under this subchapter to offer the families 
                        support and assistance, using information 
                        described in clause (i), to make an informed 
                        decision about which child care providers they 
                        will use, in an effort to ensure that the 
                        families are enrolling their children in the 
                        most appropriate child care setting to suit 
                        their needs and one that provides high-quality 
                        and inclusive care;
                            ``(iii) collect data and provide 
                        information on the coordination of services and 
                        supports, including services provided under 
                        section 619 and part C of the Individuals with 
                        Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1419, 
                        1431 et seq.), for children with disabilities 
                        and infants and toddlers with disabilities, and 
                        services provided under the Elementary and 
                        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 
                        et seq.);
                            ``(iv) collect data and provide information 
                        on the supply of and demand for child care 
                        services in political subdivisions or regions 
                        within the State and submit such information to 
                        the State;
                            ``(v) work to establish partnerships with 
                        public agencies and private entities, including 
                        faith-based and community-based child care 
                        providers, to increase the supply and quality 
                        of child care services in the State;
                            ``(vi) as appropriate, coordinate their 
                        activities with the activities of the State 
                        lead agency and local agencies that administer 
                        funds made available in accordance with this 
                        subchapter; and
                            ``(vii) work to establish partnerships with 
                        the parent resource centers established under 
                        section 672 of the Individuals with 
                        Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1472) to 
                        provide information about inclusive child care 
                        options for children with disabilities and 
                        infants and toddlers with disabilities, 
                        including children with more significant 
                        disabilities and children with complex medical 
                        needs.
            ``(5) Training and professional development.--A State shall 
        use quality child care amounts for supporting the training and 
        professional development of the child care workforce through 
        activities such as those included under section 658E(c)(2)(G), 
        in addition to--
                    ``(A)(i) offering training, coaching, or 
                professional development opportunities for child care 
                providers that relate to the use of evidence-based, 
                developmentally appropriate and age-appropriate 
                strategies to promote the social, emotional, physical, 
                adaptive, communication, and cognitive development of 
                children, including key programmatic strategies; and
                    ``(ii) offering specialized training for child care 
                providers caring for those populations prioritized in 
                section 658E(c)(2)(Q), homeless children, children in 
                foster care, children who are dual language learners, 
                and children with disabilities and infants and toddlers 
                with disabilities;
                    ``(B) incorporating the effective use of data to 
                guide program improvement;
                    ``(C) implementing effective behavior management 
                strategies (and related training), including 
                implementing multitiered systems of support such as 
                support through positive behavior interventions and 
                supports, and trauma informed care, that--
                            ``(i) promote positive social and emotional 
                        development;
                            ``(ii) prevent and reduce challenging 
                        behaviors, including by setting consistent 
                        expectations for all students; and
                            ``(iii) eliminate suspensions, expulsions, 
                        and aversive behavioral interventions;
                    ``(D) providing training and outreach on engaging 
                parents and families in culturally and linguistically 
                appropriate ways, including for parents and families of 
                dual language learners, to expand their knowledge, 
                skills, and capacity to become meaningful partners in 
                supporting their children's positive development;
                    ``(E) providing training corresponding to the 
                nutritional and physical activity needs of children to 
                promote healthy development;
                    ``(F) providing training or professional 
                development for child care providers regarding the 
                early neurological development of children;
                    ``(G) connecting staff members of child care 
                providers with available Federal and State financial 
                aid, or other resources, that would assist the staff 
                members in pursuing relevant postsecondary training;
                    ``(H) creating or expanding a statewide scholarship 
                program for child care providers to obtain credentials 
                related to child care;
                    ``(I) creating or expanding an apprenticeship 
                program for child care providers in the early years of 
                providing child care;
                    ``(J) providing training, scholarship 
                opportunities, or apprenticeships for multilingual 
                adults in order to expand the supply of high-quality, 
                dual-language child care programs;
                    ``(K) supporting articulation agreements between 
                public institutions of higher education that offer 2-
                year programs and public institutions of higher 
                education that offer 4-year programs, for the purposes 
                of facilitating, for child care providers or 
                individuals seeking to become such providers, the 
                transfer of postsecondary credits for coursework 
                related to child care from such institutions with 2-
                year programs to such institutions with 4-year 
                programs;
                    ``(L) providing training and professional 
                development on child developmental milestones and 
                evidence-based developmental screening practices that 
                help identify infants, toddlers, and children to be 
                referred for evaluation concerning eligibility for 
                services under the Individuals with Disabilities 
                Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.); or
                    ``(M) undertaking efforts to improve the diversity 
                of staff of eligible providers, including efforts to 
                recruit a more diverse workforce.
            ``(6) Programs and services for infants and toddlers.--A 
        State shall use quality child care amounts to promote and 
        expand child care providers' ability to provide developmentally 
        appropriate services for infants and toddlers through 
        activities that may include--
                    ``(A)(i) training and professional development; and
                    ``(ii) coaching and technical assistance on this 
                age group's unique needs from statewide networks of 
                qualified infant-toddler specialists;
                    ``(B) improving infant and toddler components 
                within the State's tiered and transparent system for 
                measuring the quality of child care providers described 
                in section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i), for child care providers 
                for infants and toddlers, or developing infant and 
                toddler components in a State's child care licensing 
                regulations or early learning and development 
                guidelines;
                    ``(C) improving the ability of parents to access 
                transparent and easy to understand consumer information 
                about high-quality and inclusive care for infants and 
                toddlers; or
                    ``(D) carrying out other activities determined by 
                the State to improve the quality of infant and toddler 
                care provided in the State, and for which there is 
                evidence that the activities will lead to improved 
                infant and toddler health and safety, infant and 
                toddler cognitive and physical development, infant and 
                toddler well-being, or infant and toddler social and 
                emotional development, including providing health and 
                safety training (including training in safe sleep 
                practices, first aid, and cardiopulmonary 
                resuscitation) for providers and caregivers.
            ``(7) Inclusive care for children with disabilities and 
        infants and toddlers with disabilities.--A State shall use 
        quality child care amounts for activities to improve the supply 
        of eligible child care providers that provide high-quality and 
        inclusive care for children with disabilities and infants and 
        toddlers with disabilities through activities, which shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) offering training, professional development, 
                or coaching opportunities for child care providers that 
                relate to the use of evidence-based, developmentally 
                appropriate, and age-appropriate strategies in 
                inclusive settings to promote the social, emotional, 
                physical, adaptive, communication, and cognitive 
                development of children with disabilities and infants 
                and toddlers with disabilities, and their peers;
                    ``(B) improving the ability of parents to access 
                transparent and easy-to-understand consumer information 
                about high-quality and inclusive care for children with 
                disabilities and infants and toddlers with 
                disabilities; and
                    ``(C) promoting and expanding child care providers' 
                ability to provide developmentally appropriate services 
                for infants and toddlers with disabilities through 
                improved coordination of systems, services, and other 
                activities with the providers and individuals who 
                provide services or supports under the Individuals with 
                Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.).
            ``(8) Other activities.--A State may use quality child care 
        amounts for--
                    ``(A) improving upon the development or 
                implementation of the early learning and developmental 
                guidelines described in section 658E(c)(2)(T) by 
                providing technical assistance to eligible child care 
                providers that enhances the cognitive, physical, 
                social, and emotional development, including early 
                childhood development, of participating preschool and 
                school-aged children and supports their overall well-
                being;
                    ``(B) developing, implementing, or enhancing the 
                State's tiered and transparent system for measuring the 
                quality of child care providers, as described in 
                section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i);
                    ``(C) facilitating compliance with State 
                requirements for inspection, monitoring, training, and 
                health and safety, and with State licensing standards;
                    ``(D) evaluating and assessing the quality and 
                effectiveness of child care programs and services 
                offered in the State, including evaluating how such 
                programs positively impact children;
                    ``(E) supporting child care providers in the 
                voluntary pursuit of accreditation by a national 
                accrediting body with demonstrated, valid, and reliable 
                program standards of high quality;
                    ``(F) supporting State or local efforts to develop 
                or adopt high-quality program standards relating to 
                health, mental health, social and emotional 
                development, nutrition, physical activity, and physical 
                development;
                    ``(G) activities that improve the availability of 
                child care services, activities that improve access to 
                child care services, and any other activity that the 
                State determines to be appropriate to meet the purposes 
                of this subchapter, with priority being given for 
                services (including giving priority access to services 
                through providers at the highest tier of the system 
                described in section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i)) to homeless 
                children, children in foster care, children of families 
                with very low family incomes (taking into consideration 
                family size), children with disabilities, and infants 
                and toddlers with disabilities;
                    ``(H) activities to improve the quality of 
                providers of family, friend, or neighbor care, which 
                may include--
                            ``(i) offering education, training, 
                        business development, apprenticeship, 
                        mentoring, or leadership development 
                        opportunities for the providers;
                            ``(ii) conducting home visits and coaching 
                        that provide one-on-one advice and support;
                            ``(iii) conducting play and learn sessions 
                        or other types of peer networking;
                            ``(iv) facilitating participation in the 
                        program carried out under this subchapter or 
                        the child and adult care food program 
                        established under section 17 of the Richard B. 
                        Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
                        1766);
                            ``(v) assistance in achieving licensure, if 
                        the provider wants to become licensed; and
                            ``(vi) recruiting providers of family, 
                        friend, or neighbor care to build the supply of 
                        high-quality and inclusive care by such 
                        providers;
                    ``(I)(i) supporting eligible child care providers 
                to eliminate suspensions, expulsions, and aversive 
                behavioral interventions, including through adaptations 
                and interventions by special educators, mental health 
                consultants, and other community resources, such as 
                behavior coaches, psychologists, and other appropriate 
                specialists; and
                    ``(ii) promoting multitiered systems of support 
                such as positive behavioral interventions and supports 
                and trauma informed care that promote positive social 
                and emotional development and reduce challenging 
                behaviors;
                    ``(J) activities to improve the supply and quality 
                of child care programs and services to provide high-
                quality and inclusive care for school-age children, 
                which may include--
                            ``(i) establishing or expanding high-
                        quality and inclusive school-age child care 
                        standards and a system of supports for such 
                        care that align with best practices for before- 
                        and after-school care and summer care;
                            ``(ii) enhancing professional development 
                        and technical assistance opportunities for 
                        providers of school-age care; and
                            ``(iii) improving the ability of parents to 
                        access transparent and easy to understand 
                        consumer information about high-quality and 
                        inclusive school-age care;
                    ``(K) establishing or expanding high-quality and 
                inclusive community or neighborhood-based family and 
                child development centers, which shall serve as 
                resources for child care providers in order to improve 
                the quality of early childhood services provided to 
                children from low-income families and to help eligible 
                child care providers improve their capacity to offer 
                high-quality and inclusive, age-appropriate care;
                    ``(L) establishing or expanding the operation of 
                community or neighborhood-based family child care 
                networks; or
                    ``(M) supporting eligible child care providers in 
                providing accessible comprehensive services for 
                children and their families, including--
                            ``(i) screenings of vision, hearing, health 
                        (including mental health), dental health, and 
                        development (including early literacy and math 
                        skill development), which shall be coordinated 
                        with the activities carried out through the 
                        comprehensive child find system under the 
                        Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 
                        U.S.C. 1400 et seq.);
                            ``(ii)(I) family engagement opportunities 
                        that take into account the language spoken in 
                        the child's home, such as parent conferences 
                        (with opportunities for parents to provide 
                        input about the child's development); and
                            ``(II) support services, such as parent 
                        education, home visiting, and family literacy 
                        services;
                            ``(iii)(I) nutrition services, including 
                        provision of nutritious meals and snack options 
                        aligned with the requirements in the most 
                        recent guidelines promulgated by the Secretary 
                        of Agriculture for the Child and Adult Care 
                        Food Program authorized under section 17 of the 
                        Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act 
                        (42 U.S.C. 1766); and
                            ``(II) regular, age-appropriate, nutrition 
                        education for children and their families;
                            ``(iv) programs, carried out in 
                        coordination with local educational agencies 
                        and entities providing services and supports 
                        authorized under part B and part C of the 
                        Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 
                        U.S.C. 1411 et seq.; 1431 et seq.), to ensure 
                        the full participation of infants and toddlers 
                        with disabilities and children with 
                        disabilities in high-quality and inclusive 
                        child care settings;
                            ``(v) physical activity programs that--
                                    ``(I) are aligned with evidence-
                                based guidelines, such as those 
                                recommended by the Health and Medicine 
                                Division of the National Academies of 
                                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) take into account and 
                                accommodate the needs of children with 
                                disabilities; and
                            ``(vi) on-site service coordination, to the 
                        maximum extent feasible.''.

SEC. 108. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT.

    Section 658I of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858g) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``child care 
                standards'' and inserting ``standards for child care 
                described in clauses (i) and (ii) of section 
                658E(c)(2)(W)'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a period; and
                    (D) by striking paragraph (5);
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)(A), by striking ``State 
        allotment'' and inserting ``State payments''; and
            (3) by striking subsection (c).

SEC. 109. STATE QUARTERLY PAYMENTS.

    (a) In General.--Section 658J of the Child Care and Development 
Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858h) is amended to read as 
follows:

``SEC. 658J. PAYMENTS TO STATES.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) FMAP.--The term `FMAP' has the meaning given the term 
        in the first sentence of section 1905(b) of the Social Security 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 1396d(b)).
            ``(2) Infant or toddler.--The term `infant or toddler' 
        means a child under age 3.
    ``(b) Payments to States.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and 
        (3), the Secretary shall pay to each State with an application 
        approved under section 658E an amount for each quarter equal to 
        the FMAP of expenditures in the quarter--
                    ``(A) for child care assistance under the plan for 
                eligible children, other than such children who are 
                infants or toddlers; and
                    ``(B) to carry out activities under section 658G, 
                subject to the limit specified in section 658G(a)(2).
            ``(2) Child care assistance for infants or toddlers.--The 
        Secretary shall pay to each State with such an approved 
        application an amount for each quarter equal to 90 percent of 
        expenditures in the quarter for child care assistance under the 
        plan for eligible children who are infants or toddlers.
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall pay to each 
        State with such an approved application an amount for each 
        quarter equal to 50 percent of expenditures in the quarter for 
        the costs incurred by the State in carrying out sections 658H 
        and 658K, and other reasonable costs incurred by the State to 
        administer the plan.
    ``(c) Advance Payment; Retrospective Adjustment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may make payments under 
        this section for each quarter on the basis of advance estimates 
        of expenditures submitted by the State and such other 
        investigation as the Secretary may find necessary, and may 
        reduce or increase the payments as necessary to adjust for any 
        overpayment or underpayment for previous quarters.
            ``(2) Limitations.--The Secretary may not make such 
        payments in a manner that prevents a State from complying with 
        the requirement specified in section 658E(c)(3).
    ``(d) Flexibility in Submittal of Claims.--Nothing in this section 
shall be construed as preventing a State from claiming as expenditures 
in a quarter expenditures that were incurred in a previous quarter.
    ``(e) State Entitlement.--This subchapter constitutes budget 
authority in advance of appropriations Acts and represents the 
obligation of the Federal Government to provide for payments to States 
under this section from amounts provided under section 658B(a).''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section take 
effect on October 1, 2020.

SEC. 110. REPORTING.

    Section 658K(a)(1)(B) of the Child Care and Development Block Grant 
Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858i(a)(1)(B)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (x), by striking ``and'';
            (2) by transferring clause (xi) so as to appear after 
        clause (x);
            (3) in clause (xi), by inserting ``and'' after the 
        semicolon; and
            (4) by inserting after clause (xi) the following:
                            ``(xii) whether the children receiving 
                        assistance under this subchapter are either 
                        children with disabilities or infants and 
                        toddlers with disabilities;''.

SEC. 111. PRIORITY; WEBSITE.

    Section 658L of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858j) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``Committee 
                on Education and the Workforce'' and inserting 
                ``Committee on Education and Labor''; and
                    (B) in the third sentence, by striking 
                ``658E(c)(3)(B)'' and inserting ``section 
                658G(b)(8)(G)''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)(2)(B)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``a Quality Rating 
                and Improvement System'' and inserting ``a tiered and 
                transparent system for measuring the quality of child 
                care providers described in section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i) 
                and'';
                    (B) in clause (iv), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                    (C) in clause (v), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by inserting at the end the following:
                            ``(vi) information about--
                                    ``(I) high-quality and inclusive 
                                care for children with disabilities and 
                                infants and toddlers with disabilities, 
                                including child care with early 
                                intervention services under part C of 
                                the Individuals with Disabilities 
                                Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) 
                                for infants and toddlers with 
                                disabilities and their families, and 
                                child care with services and supports 
                                under part B of the Individuals with 
                                Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
                                1431 et seq.) for children with 
                                disabilities; and
                                    ``(II) other Federal, State, or 
                                local programs that may support 
                                inclusive child care for infants and 
                                toddlers, or children, referred to in 
                                subclause (I).''.

SEC. 112. NONDISCRIMINATION.

    Section 658N of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858l) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``this 
                section'' and inserting ``this subsection'';
                    (B) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
                paragraphs (2) and (3), respectively; and
                    (D) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
                        ``and admission'';
                            (ii) by striking ``(1)(B), (2), and (3)'' 
                        and inserting ``(1)(B) and (2)'';
                            (iii) by striking ``and admissions''; and
                            (iv) by striking ``or admissions'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``State 
                Law'' and inserting ``Other Laws'';
                    (B) by striking ``Nothing'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Expenditures.--Nothing''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Rights, remedies, procedures, or standards.--Nothing 
        in this subchapter shall be construed to invalidate or limit 
        rights, remedies, procedures, or legal standards available to 
        victims of discrimination in employment or in provision of 
        programs and activities under any other Federal law or law of a 
        State or political subdivision of a State, including the Civil 
        Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000a et seq.), title IX of the 
        Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), section 
        504 or 505 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794, 
        794a), or the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 
        U.S.C. 12101 et seq.). The obligations imposed by this 
        subchapter are in addition to those imposed by the Civil Rights 
        Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000a et seq.), title IX of the 
        Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.), section 
        504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794), and the 
        Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et 
        seq.).''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Nondiscrimination in Programs and Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as described in paragraph (2), no 
        person in the United States shall, on the basis of actual or 
        perceived race, color, religion, national origin, sex, sexual 
        orientation, gender identity, or disability, be excluded from 
        participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to 
        discrimination under any program or activity funded in whole or 
        in part, with funds made available under this subchapter or 
        with amounts appropriated for grants, contracts, or 
        certificates administered with such funds.
            ``(2) Preference in enrollment.--If assistance provided 
        under this subchapter, and any other Federal or State program, 
        amounts to less than 80 percent of the operating budget of a 
        child care provider that receives such assistance, a child care 
        provider may select children for child care slots that are not 
        funded directly with assistance provided under this subchapter 
        because such children or their family members participate on a 
        regular basis in other activities of the organization that owns 
        or operates such provider.''.

SEC. 113. INDIAN TRIBES AND NATIONAL ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 658O of the Child Care and Development 
Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858m) is amended--
            (1) by striking the heading and inserting the following:

``SEC. 658O. INDIAN TRIBES AND NATIONAL ACTIVITIES.'';

            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``one half of 1 percent of 
                        the amount appropriated under this subchapter'' 
                        and inserting ``a portion of the amount 
                        appropriated under section 658B(b)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``to be allotted'' and all 
                        that follows and inserting the following: ``to 
                        be allotted by the Secretary--
                    ``(A) in accordance with the respective needs of 
                those territories; and
                    ``(B) taking into consideration--
                            ``(i) the population of eligible children, 
                        and the population of eligible children from 
                        low-income families, to be served by the 
                        territory involved; and
                            ``(ii) the cost of child care in the 
                        territory.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``(2) Indians tribes'' and 
                        all that follows through ``658B in'' and 
                        inserting ``(2) Indian tribes.--The Secretary 
                        shall reserve the remainder of the amount 
                        appropriated under section 658B(b) in'';
                            (ii) by striking ``subsection (c)'' and 
                        inserting ``subsection (b)''; and
                            (iii) by striking subparagraph (B);
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``reserve up to 
                $1,500,000 of the amount appropriated under this 
                subchapter'' and inserting ``reserve and use such sums 
                as the Secretary may determine to be necessary of the 
                amount appropriated under section 658B(a)'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``reserve up to 
                \1/2\ of 1 percent of the amount appropriated under 
                this subchapter'' and inserting ``reserve and use such 
                sums as the Secretary may determine to be necessary of 
                the amount appropriated under section 658B(a)''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reserve \1/2\ 
                of 1 percent of the amount appropriated under this 
                subchapter'' and inserting ``reserve and use such sums 
                as the Secretary may determine to be necessary of the 
                amount appropriated under section 658B(a)'';
            (3) by striking subsection (b);
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                        period and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C)(i) the population of Indian or Native 
                Hawaiian eligible children, and the population of 
                Indian or Native Hawaiian eligible children from low-
                income families, to be served by the Indian tribe or 
                tribal organization;
                    ``(ii) the cost of child care in the area to be 
                served by the tribe or organization; and
                    ``(iii) whether awarding a grant or contract to the 
                tribe or organization will increase the number of 
                programs that reach standards described in subsection 
                (a)(1)(B)(iii);''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) by inserting ``(or other recipient of 
                        funds through a State payment under section 
                        658J (referred to in this paragraph as a 
                        `covered recipient'))'' after ``organization'' 
                        the first place it appears; and
                            (ii) except as provided in subparagraph 
                        (A), by inserting ``(or other covered 
                        recipient)'' after ``organization'' each place 
                        it appears;
            (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b);
            (6) by striking subsection (d);
            (7) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking paragraphs (1) through (3);
                    (B) by striking ``(e) Reallotments.--'' and all 
                that follows through ``Any'' and inserting ``(e) 
                Reallotments.--Any''; and
                    (C) by striking ``subsection (c)'' each place it 
                appears and inserting ``subsection (b)''; and
            (8) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (c) and (d), respectively.
    (b) Effective Date.--This section takes effect on October 1, 2020.

SEC. 114. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 658P of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858n) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by inserting ``child care provider on behalf of 
                a'' before ``parent''; and
                    (B) by striking ``who may use such certificate only 
                as payment'';
            (2) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) by striking subparagraph (B); and
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as 
                subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively;
            (3) in paragraph (4)(B), by striking ``85 percent'' and 
        inserting ``150 percent (100 percent for fiscal year 2020, 115 
        percent for fiscal year 2021, and 130 percent for fiscal year 
        2022)''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(16) Foster care.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `foster care' means 24-
                hour substitute care for a child placed away from the 
                child's parents or guardians and for whom the State 
                agency has placement and care responsibility. The term 
                includes care through a placement in a foster family 
                home, a foster home of a relative, a group home, an 
                emergency shelter, a residential facility, a child care 
                institution, or a pre-adoptive home.
                    ``(B) Rule.--A child shall be considered to be in 
                foster care in accordance with subparagraph (A) 
                regardless of--
                            ``(i) whether the foster care facility is 
                        licensed and payments are made by the State or 
                        local agency for the care of the child;
                            ``(ii) whether adoption subsidy payments 
                        are being made prior to the finalization of an 
                        adoption; or
                            ``(iii) whether there are Federal matching 
                        funds for any payments described in clause (i) 
                        or (ii) that are made.
            ``(17) Gender identity.--The term `gender identity' means 
        the gender-related identity, appearance, mannerisms, or other 
        gender-related characteristics of an individual, regardless of 
        the individual's designated sex at birth.
            ``(18) High-quality and inclusive care.--The term `high-
        quality and inclusive', used with respect to care (including 
        child care), means care provided by an eligible child care 
        provider--
                    ``(A) that is at the highest tier of the State's 
                tiered and transparent system for measuring the quality 
                of child care providers, under section 
                658E(c)(2)(W)(i);
                    ``(B) for whom the percentage of children served by 
                the provider who are children with disabilities and 
                infants and toddlers with disabilities reflects the 
                prevalence of children with disabilities and infants 
                and toddlers with disabilities among children within 
                the State; and
                    ``(C) that provides care for children with 
                disabilities and infants and toddlers with disabilities 
                alongside children who are--
                            ``(i) not infants and toddlers with 
                        disabilities; and
                            ``(ii) not children with disabilities.
            ``(19) Homeless child.--The term `homeless child' means an 
        individual who is a homeless child or youth under section 725 
        of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 
        11434).
            ``(20) Infant or toddler with a disability.--The term 
        `infant or toddler with a disability' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 632 of the Individuals with Disabilities 
        Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1432).
            ``(21) Key programmatic strategies.--The term `key 
        programmatic strategies' means strategies related to--
                    ``(A) nutrition and physical activity;
                    ``(B) recommended practices for age-appropriate 
                exposure to screen media; and
                    ``(C) the integration and utilization of 
                instructional methods to assist learning across 
                disciplines, including methods that use the arts, 
                language, literacy, mathematics, science, and social 
                studies.
            ``(22) Sex.--The term `sex' includes--
                    ``(A) a sex stereotype;
                    ``(B) pregnancy, childbirth, or a related medical 
                condition; and
                    ``(C) sexual orientation or gender identity.
            ``(23) Sexual orientation.--The term `sexual orientation' 
        means homosexuality, heterosexuality, or bisexuality.''.

SEC. 115. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

    Section 658S of the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858q) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) Child Care Not Treated as Income.--Notwithstanding''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Rule of Construction for Collective Bargaining.--Nothing in 
this subchapter shall be construed to alter, diminish, or otherwise 
affect the rights, remedies, and procedures afforded to individuals 
employed by schools or local educational agencies, or teachers and 
other staff employed by child care providers--
            ``(1) under Federal, State, or local laws (including 
        applicable regulations or court orders); or
            ``(2) under the terms of collective bargaining agreements, 
        memoranda of understanding, or other agreements between 
        schools, agencies, or providers that are referred to in this 
        subsection, and their employees.''.

SEC. 116. CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

    The Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
9858 et seq.) is amended by striking the subchapter heading and 
inserting the following:

        ``Subchapter C--Child Care and Development Assistance''.

SEC. 117. TRANSITION RULE.

    (a) In General.--During fiscal years 2020 through 2022, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services--
            (1) shall make allotments and payments to States and Indian 
        tribes under section 658J and 658O of the Child Care and 
        Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858h, 9858m), 
        as in effect immediately before the date of enactment of this 
        Act, subject to subsection (b); and
            (2) shall carry out section 658E(c)(3) of that Act (42 
        U.S.C. 9858c(c)(3)) by applying subparagraphs (C) and (E) of 
        that section, as in effect on that day.
    (b) Adjustments.--During fiscal years 2020 through 2022, the 
Secretary shall have authority to make such adjustments as may be 
necessary to carry out subsection (a) and to transition to making 
quarterly payments under section 658J and allotments under 658O of the 
Child Care and Development Block Grant Act, as amended by this Act.

SEC. 118. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This title, and the amendments made by this title, take effect on 
October 1, 2019.

                    TITLE II--HIGH-QUALITY PRESCHOOL

SEC. 201. FORMULA GRANTS TO STATES TO ESTABLISH VOLUNTARY HIGH-QUALITY 
              PRESCHOOL PROGRAMS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Child with a disability.--The term ``child with a 
        disability'' has the meaning given the term in section 602 of 
        the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
        1401).
            (2) Dual language learner.--The term ``dual language 
        learner'' means an individual who is limited English 
        proficient, as defined in section 637 of the Head Start Act (42 
        U.S.C. 9832).
            (3) Eligible child.--The term ``eligible child'' means a 
        child who is--
                    (A) age 3, 4, or 5;
                    (B) not yet enrolled in kindergarten; and
                    (C) a member of a family with a family income that 
                does not exceed 150 percent of the State median income 
                for a family of the same size.
            (4) Eligible provider.--The term ``eligible provider'' 
        includes a local educational agency, Head Start program funded 
        under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.), licensed 
        child care center, licensed family child care home, and 
        community- or neighborhood-based family child care network, 
        that--
                    (A) participates in the State's tiered and 
                transparent system for measuring program quality 
                described in section 658E(c)(2)(W)(i) of the Child Care 
                and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
                9858c(c)(2)(W)(i)); and
                    (B) meets the highest tier of such system.
            (5) Foster care.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``foster care'' means 24-
                hour substitute care for a child placed away from the 
                child's parents or guardians and for whom the State 
                agency has placement and care responsibility. The term 
                includes care through a placement in a foster family 
                home, a foster home of a relative, a group home, an 
                emergency shelter, a residential facility, a child care 
                institution, or a pre-adoptive home.
                    (B) Rule.--A child shall be considered to be in 
                foster care in accordance with subparagraph (A) 
                regardless of--
                            (i) whether the foster care facility is 
                        licensed and payments are made by the State or 
                        local agency for the care of the child;
                            (ii) whether adoption subsidy payments are 
                        being made prior to the finalization of an 
                        adoption; or
                            (iii) whether there are Federal matching 
                        funds for any payments described in clause (i) 
                        or (ii) that are made.
            (6) Governor.--The term ``Governor'' means the chief 
        executive officer of a State.
            (7) High-need school.--The term ``high-need school'' means 
        an elementary school in which not less than 50 percent of the 
        enrolled students are children from low-income families, as 
        defined in section 2221(b)(3)(B) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6641(b)(3)(B)).
            (8) High-need local educational agency.--The term ``high-
        need local educational agency'' means a local educational 
        agency that serves a high percentage of high-need schools.
            (9) Homeless child.--The term ``homeless child'' means an 
        individual who is a homeless child or youth under section 725 
        of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 
        11434).
            (10) Infant or toddler with a disability.--The term 
        ``infant or toddler with a disability'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 632 of the Individuals with Disabilities 
        Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1432).
            (11) Key programmatic strategies.--The term ``key 
        programmatic strategies'' means strategies related to--
                    (A) nutrition and physical activity;
                    (B) recommended practices for age-appropriate 
                exposure to screen media; and
                    (C) the integration and utilization of 
                instructional methods to assist learning across 
                disciplines, including methods that use the arts, 
                language, literacy, mathematics, science, and social 
                studies.
            (12) Low-income child.--The term ``low-income child'' means 
        a child who is a member of a family with a family income that 
        is at or below 200 percent of the poverty line.
            (13) Outlying areas.--The term ``outlying areas'' means the 
        United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
        Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
            (14) Poverty line.--The term ``poverty line'' means the 
        official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management 
        and Budget)--
                    (A) adjusted to reflect the percentage change in 
                the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, 
                issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, occurring in 
                the 1-year period or other interval immediately 
                preceding the date such adjustment is made; and
                    (B) adjusted for family size.
            (15) Specialized instructional support personnel.--The term 
        ``specialized instructional support personnel'' has the meaning 
        given such term in section 8101(47)(A) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act (20 U.S.C. 7801(47)).
            (16) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the 50 
        States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico.
    (b) Allotments to States.--
            (1) Reservation.--From the total amount appropriated to 
        carry out this section for a fiscal year, the Secretary of 
        Health and Human Services, in collaboration with the Secretary 
        of Education, shall--
                    (A) reserve not less than 1 percent and not more 
                than 2 percent for payments to Indian tribes and tribal 
                organizations;
                    (B) reserve \1/2\ of 1 percent for the outlying 
                areas to be distributed among the outlying areas on the 
                basis of their relative need, as determined by the 
                Secretary of Health and Human Services in accordance 
                with the purposes of this section;
                    (C) reserve \1/2\ of 1 percent for eligible local 
                entities that serve children in families who are 
                engaged in migrant or seasonal agricultural labor;
                    (D) reserve not more than 1 percent or $30,000,000, 
                whichever amount is less, for national activities, 
                including administration, technical assistance, and 
                evaluation; and
                    (E) reserve 5 percent for State leadership 
                activities described in subsection (c), including the 
                grants described in such subsection.
            (2) Allotment formula.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), from the total amount appropriated to carry out 
                this section for a fiscal year that remains after 
                making the reservations under paragraph (1), the 
                Secretary of Health and Human Services, in 
                collaboration with the Secretary of Education, shall 
                allot to each State for the fiscal year that has an 
                application approved under subsection (d) an amount 
                that bears the same ratio to such remainder as the 
                number of children who are below the age of 6 who 
                reside within the State and whose families have an 
                income at or below 200 percent of the poverty line for 
                the most recent year for which satisfactory data are 
                available, bears to the number of such children who 
                reside in all such States for such most recent fiscal 
                year for which satisfactory data are available.
                    (B) Minimum allotment amount.--No State receiving 
                an allotment under subparagraph (A) for a fiscal year 
                shall receive less than \1/2\ of 1 percent of the total 
                amount allotted under such subparagraph for the fiscal 
                year.
    (c) State Reservation.--
            (1) In general.--The State leadership activities described 
        in this subsection shall improve equitable access to high-
        quality preschool programs operated by eligible providers 
        across the State, including programs in high-need local 
        educational agencies, which shall include--
                    (A) ongoing professional development opportunities 
                for school principals, school superintendents, 
                teachers, specialized instructional support personnel, 
                and teacher assistants to improve their practices, 
                which may include activities that--
                            (i) prepare elementary schools to create or 
                        expand preschool classrooms, including training 
                        on developmentally appropriate practices and 
                        preparing classrooms with materials and 
                        equipment for young children;
                            (ii) promote children's development across 
                        all of the essential domains of early learning 
                        and development;
                            (iii) improve curricula and teacher-child 
                        interaction;
                            (iv) incorporate the inclusion of key 
                        programmatic strategies into classroom 
                        instruction;
                            (v) increase effective family engagement, 
                        including for families of dual language 
                        learners;
                            (vi) provide culturally competent 
                        instruction, including effective instruction 
                        for children with disabilities and dual 
                        language learners;
                            (vii) improve social and emotional 
                        development;
                            (viii) incorporate positive behavioral 
                        interventions and supports and principles of 
                        trauma-informed care;
                            (ix) align preschool curricula with 
                        elementary school standards and curricula;
                            (x) engage teachers, teacher leaders, early 
                        childhood educators, and other professionals in 
                        joint professional learning opportunities, as 
                        described in section 2103(b)(3)(G) of the 
                        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 
                        (20 U.S.C. 6613(b)(3)(G)); and
                            (xi) improve the transition of children 
                        from preschool to elementary school;
                    (B) completing the Preschool Equity Review and 
                distributing grants as described in paragraph (2) in 
                accordance with the results of such review;
                    (C) expanding or establishing scholarships, 
                counseling, and compensation initiatives to cover the 
                cost of tuition, fees, materials, transportation, and 
                release time for staff of eligible providers to pursue 
                credentials and degrees, including bachelor's degrees; 
                and
                    (D) partnerships between institutions of higher 
                education and eligible providers, including high-need 
                local educational agencies, to improve access to early 
                childhood educators, including educators serving dual 
                language learners and children with disabilities.
            (2) Grants to improve equitable access to high-quality 
        preschool programs.--
                    (A) In general.--From amounts reserved under 
                subsection (b)(1)(E), a State shall make grants to 
                rectify resource inequities in preschool programs and 
                expand access to high-quality preschool programs for 
                all children, including children described in items 
                (aa) through (dd) of subparagraph (B)(ii)(I). Such 
                grants shall be awarded to high-need local educational 
                agencies in order to improve their capacity to offer 
                high-quality preschool programs for eligible children, 
                which may include paying the costs of renovation.
                    (B) Preschool equity review.--
                            (i) In general.--Each State making grants 
                        under subparagraph (A) shall complete an annual 
                        Preschool Equity Review that informs the 
                        distribution of funds under such subparagraph.
                            (ii) Contents of review.--Each Preschool 
                        Equity Review shall include data on--
                                    (I) the percentage of children 
                                participating in preschool programs 
                                funded under this section, 
                                disaggregated by status as--
                                            (aa) children with 
                                        disabilities;
                                            (bb) low-income children;
                                            (cc) children from major 
                                        ethnic and racial groups; and
                                            (dd) dual language 
                                        learners;
                                    (II) the geographic location of 
                                preschool programs funded under this 
                                section;
                                    (III) the quality of preschool 
                                programs funded under the section, 
                                compared to such programs not funded 
                                under this section; and
                                    (IV) resource inequities between 
                                preschool programs, including programs 
                                serving a high percentage of children 
                                described in items (aa) through (dd) of 
                                subclause (I).
    (d) State Application.--In order to receive an allotment under this 
section, the Governor of a State shall submit an application at such 
time and in such manner as the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
in collaboration with the Secretary of Education, may require. Such 
application shall include each of the following:
            (1) A description of how the State will provide access to 
        high-quality preschool during the school day for eligible 
        children in the State within 3 years, which shall include the 
        following:
                    (A) How the State plans to distribute funds from 
                the State's allotment to eligible providers, including 
                an assurance that the Governor will designate a State-
                level entity (such as an agency or joint interagency 
                office) for the administration of the grant.
                    (B) An explanation of how the State will ensure 
                that eligible providers receiving funds under this 
                section will use research-based curricula that are 
                aligned with State early learning standards that are 
                developmentally appropriate and include, at a minimum, 
                each of the following domains:
                            (i) Language development.
                            (ii) Literacy.
                            (iii) Mathematics.
                            (iv) Science.
                            (v) Creative arts.
                            (vi) Social and emotional development.
                            (vii) Approaches to learning.
                            (viii) Physical development.
                    (C) How the State will coordinate services provided 
                under this section with services and supports provided 
                under the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 
                1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858 et seq.), section 619 and part C 
                of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 
                U.S.C. 1419; 1431 et seq.), the Head Start Act (42 
                U.S.C. 9831 et seq.), the Preschool Development Grants 
                program under section 9212 of the Every Student 
                Succeeds Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 note), the Elementary and 
                Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et 
                seq.), the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 
                U.S.C. 11301 et seq.) and the maternal, infant, and 
                early childhood home visiting programs assisted under 
                section 511 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 711).
                    (D) How the State will improve transitions from 
                early childhood education to elementary school, 
                including how the State will ensure that preschool 
                programs--
                            (i) share relevant data between early 
                        childhood educators and kindergarten teachers;
                            (ii) share instructional, behavioral, and 
                        other information between early childhood 
                        educators and kindergarten teachers to best 
                        support the transition of children with 
                        disabilities who may need services and supports 
                        provided under part B of the Individuals with 
                        Disabilities Education Act (42 U.S.C. 1411 et 
                        seq.) into general education settings; and
                            (iii) share information about the 
                        proficiency of dual language learners in both 
                        English and their native language.
                    (E) How the State will provide ongoing monitoring 
                and support and conduct evaluations of preschool 
                programs funded under this section.
                    (F) How the State has reviewed the strategic plan 
                developed under section 9212 of the Every Student 
                Succeeds Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 note) or engaged in a 
                similar strategy to facilitate coordination of existing 
                early learning and care programs in a mixed delivery 
                system.
                    (G) If the State funds full-day kindergarten 
                programs, but such full-day kindergarten programs are 
                not available to all children who are eligible to 
                attend such programs in the State, how the State plans 
                to increase the number of children in the State who are 
                enrolled in full-day kindergarten programs and a 
                strategy to implement such a plan.
                    (H) If the State does not fund full-day 
                kindergarten programs, a description of how the State 
                plans to establish such programs to strengthen the 
                educational continuum for children who will be involved 
                in the State's high-quality preschool program supported 
                under this title.
            (2) An assurance that all preschool programs funded under 
        this section will--
                    (A) offer programming that meets the duration 
                requirements in the program performance standards 
                applicable to Head Start programs described in section 
                641A of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9836a);
                    (B) adopt policies and practices to provide 
                expedited enrollment, including prioritization, to--
                            (i) homeless children;
                            (ii) children in foster care; and
                            (iii) migratory children;
                    (C) conduct outreach to families of--
                            (i) homeless children;
                            (ii) dual language learners;
                            (iii) children in foster care;
                            (iv) children with disabilities;
                            (v) infants and toddlers with disabilities; 
                        and
                            (vi) migratory children;
                    (D) provide salaries to staff of eligible providers 
                that are on the same pay scale as elementary school 
                educators with similar credentials and experience;
                    (E) require high staff qualifications for teachers, 
                including, at a minimum, meeting the staff 
                qualifications included in the quality standards of the 
                National Institute for Early Education Research that 
                are in effect on the date of enactment of this Act by 
                not later than 4 years after the date the State first 
                receives an allotment under this section; and
                    (F) determine whether children are dual language 
                learners and provide services to ensure the full and 
                effective participation of such learners and their 
                families.
            (3) An assurance that the State will provide assistance 
        under this section only to eligible providers that prohibit the 
        use of suspension, expulsion, and aversive behavioral 
        interventions.
            (4) An assurance that the State will meet the requirements 
        of clauses (ii) and (iii) of section 658E(c)(2)(T) of the Child 
        Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
        9858c(c)(2)(T)(ii) and (iii)).
    (e) Use of Funds.--A State that receives an allotment under 
subsection (b)(2) for a fiscal year shall use the allotment to carry 
out the activities described in the State's application described in 
subsection (d).
    (f) Match Required.--A State that receives an allotment under 
subsection (b)(2) for a fiscal year shall provide matching funds from 
non-Federal sources in an amount equal to 10 percent of the Federal 
funds that such State receives under such subsection for the fiscal 
year.
    (g) Reporting.--
            (1) In general.--Each State that receives an allotment 
        under subsection (b)(2) shall prepare an annual report, in such 
        manner and containing such information as the Secretary of 
        Health and Human Services may reasonably require.
            (2) Contents.--A report prepared under paragraph (1) shall 
        contain, at a minimum--
                    (A) a description of the manner in which the State 
                has used the funds made available through the allotment 
                and a report of the expenditures made with the funds;
                    (B) a summary of the State's progress toward 
                providing access to high-quality preschool programs for 
                eligible children;
                    (C) an evaluation of the State's progress towards 
                improving equitable access to high-quality preschool, 
                as measured by the Preschool Equity Review described in 
                subsection (c)(2)(B), disaggregated by the categories 
                under subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii)(I);
                    (D) the number and percentage of children in the 
                State participating in eligible preschool programs, 
                disaggregated by race, ethnicity, family income, child 
                age, disability, and whether the children are homeless 
                children, children in foster care, or dual language 
                learners;
                    (E) data on the number and percentage of children 
                in the State participating in public kindergarten 
                programs, disaggregated by race, family income, child 
                age, disability, and whether the children are homeless 
                children, children in foster care, or dual language 
                learners, with information on whether such programs are 
                offered--
                            (i) for a full day; and
                            (ii) at no cost to families; and
                    (F) data on the kindergarten readiness of children 
                across the State.
    (h) Maintenance of Effort.--
            (1) In general.--If a State reduces its combined fiscal 
        effort per child for its State preschool program or State 
        supplemental assistance funds for Head Start programs assisted 
        under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.) for any 
        fiscal year that a State receives an allotment under subsection 
        (b)(2) relative to the previous fiscal year, the Secretary of 
        Health and Human Services, in collaboration with the Secretary 
        of Education, shall reduce support for such State under such 
        subsection by the same amount as the decline in State effort 
        for such fiscal year.
            (2) Waiver.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in 
        collaboration with the Secretary of Education, may waive the 
        requirements of paragraph (1) if--
                    (A) the Secretaries determine that a waiver would 
                be appropriate due to a precipitous decline in the 
                financial resources of a State as a result of 
                unforeseen economic hardship or a natural disaster that 
                has necessitated across-the-board reductions in State 
                services during the 5-year period preceding the date of 
                the determination, including for early childhood 
                education programs; or
                    (B) due to the circumstances of a State requiring 
                reductions in specific programs, including early 
                childhood education, the State presents to the 
                Secretaries a justification and demonstration why other 
                programs could not be reduced and how early childhood 
                programs in the State will not be disproportionately 
                harmed by such State action.
    (i) Supplement Not Supplant.--Funds received under this section 
shall be used to supplement and not supplant other Federal, State, and 
local public funds expended on early childhood education programs in 
the State.
    (j) Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated, and 
there is appropriated, to carry out this section, $8,000,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2020 through 2030.

                TITLE III--HEAD START EXTENDED DURATION

SEC. 301. EXTENDED DURATION.

    (a) In General.--The Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9801 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 657C (42 U.S.C. 9852c) as 
        section 657D; and
            (2) by inserting after section 657B (42 U.S.C. 9852b) the 
        following:

``SEC. 657C. EXTENDED DURATION.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall make grants to Head Start 
(including Early Head Start) agencies funded under this subchapter to 
enable such agencies--
            ``(1) to provide access to a full school year and a full 
        school day of services;
            ``(2) in the case of a migrant and seasonal Head Start 
        agency, to provide access to additional service hours to ensure 
        continuous Head Start services as determined by the Secretary; 
        or
            ``(3) in the case of a Head Start agency (including Early 
        Head Start agency) that already meets the full-day, full-year 
        services needs within its community, to enhance the quality of 
        Head Start services (including Early Head Start services) 
        provided to children served by such agency.
    ``(b) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a Head Start agency shall submit an application 
        at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require. 
        Such application shall include--
                    ``(A) evidence of--
                            ``(i) the number and percentage of slots--
                                    ``(I) in the agency's Head Start 
                                center-based programs (that are not 
                                Early Head Start programs)--
                                            ``(aa) that are currently 
                                        funded (as of the date of 
                                        submission of the application); 
                                        and
                                            ``(bb) in which services 
                                        are provided for at least the 
                                        equivalent of 1,020 hours per 
                                        year; and
                                    ``(II) in the agency's Early Head 
                                Start center-based programs--
                                            ``(aa) that are currently 
                                        funded (as of that date); and
                                            ``(bb) in which services 
                                        are provided for at least the 
                                        equivalent of 1,380 hours per 
                                        year; and
                            ``(ii) the number and percentage of slots, 
                        in the agency's Head Start family child care 
                        programs--
                                    ``(I) that are currently funded (as 
                                of that date); and
                                    ``(II) in which services are 
                                provided for at least the equivalent of 
                                1,380 hours per year;
                    ``(B) a description of an approach, using the 
                current community-wide strategic planning and needs 
                assessment described in section 640(g)(1)(C) of the 
                Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9835(g)(1)(C)) and current 
                program schedule (current as of the date of submission 
                of the application), that transitions all of the 
                agency's Head Start programs to a full school day, full 
                school year program schedule; and
                    ``(C) a budget justification that estimates the 
                supplemental funding necessary to provide for 
                incremental ongoing operating costs for the extended 
                hours of service under such a program schedule for the 
                current enrollment in the agency's Head Start programs.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--
                    ``(A) Migrant and seasonal head start.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A migrant and seasonal 
                        Head Start agency may apply for a grant 
                        described in subsection (a) without meeting the 
                        requirements specified in paragraph (1) to 
                        ensure continuous Head Start services are 
                        provided to children enrolled in a migrant and 
                        seasonal Head Start program. To be eligible to 
                        receive the grant, the agency shall submit an 
                        application at such time and in such manner as 
                        the Secretary may require.
                            ``(ii) Priority.--In making grants to 
                        applicants described in clause (i), the 
                        Secretary shall give priority to a migrant and 
                        seasonal Head Start agency operating for fewer 
                        than 8 months per year.
                    ``(B) Full-day, full-year head start agencies.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A Head Start agency 
                        (including an Early Head Start agency) that 
                        certifies to the Secretary that it is meeting 
                        the full-day, full-year need within its 
                        community may apply for a grant to enhance the 
                        quality of services provided to children 
                        enrolled in its Head Start program (including 
                        its Early Head Start program) in accordance 
                        with subsection (c)(2).
                            ``(ii) Application.--A Head Start 
                        (including Early Head Start) agency that meets 
                        the requirements of clause (i) shall submit an 
                        application, which shall include--
                                    ``(I) the proposed uses of funds in 
                                accordance with subsection (c)(2); and
                                    ``(II) how such uses of funds 
                                relate to the community-wide strategic 
                                planning and needs assessment described 
                                under section 640(g)(1)(C).
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) Extended duration.--A Head Start agency that meets 
        the requirements of paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) 
        receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds 
        to cover the costs associated with extending those hours of 
        service for the current enrollment, such as additional costs 
        for--
                    ``(A) the purchase, rental, renovation, and 
                maintenance of additional facilities;
                    ``(B) ongoing purchases of classroom supplies;
                    ``(C) staff providing services during the extended 
                hours; and
                    ``(D) professional development to staff 
                transitioning to providing services during the extended 
                hours.
            ``(2) Enhancing program quality.--A Head Start (including 
        Early Head Start) agency that meets the requirements of 
        subsection (a)(3) shall use funds for the activities authorized 
        under section 640(a)(5)(B).
            ``(3) Exception.--The Head Start agency shall not use the 
        grant funds to expand the number of children served in the Head 
        Start program (including Early Head Start programs) of the 
        agency.
    ``(d) Reservations.--
            ``(1) Activities.--From the total amount appropriated to 
        carry out this section, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) for making grants for the activities 
                described in subsection (c)(1)(A), reserve 
                $4,000,000,000 of the funds appropriated for fiscal 
                year 2020; and
                    ``(B) for making grants for the activities 
                described in any of subparagraphs (B) through (D) of 
                subsection (c)(1), reserve--
                            ``(i) $490,000,000 of the funds 
                        appropriated for fiscal year 2020;
                            ``(ii) $780,000,000 of the funds 
                        appropriated for fiscal year 2021; and
                            ``(iii) $1,070,000,000 of the funds 
                        appropriated for fiscal year 2022.
            ``(2) Priority.--The Secretary shall prioritize Head Start 
        agencies (including Early Head Start agencies) that are 
        applying to use funds to carry out the activities described in 
        subsection (a)(1).
            ``(3) Migrant or seasonal head start programs.--From the 
        amount appropriated to carry out this section for a fiscal year 
        and reserved under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall 
        reserve 4.5 percent for migrant or seasonal Head Start 
        programs.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section--
            ``(1) $3,876,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            ``(2) $648,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
            ``(3) $1,019,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Full school day; full school year.--The terms `full 
        school day' and `full school year' mean such a day and year, 
        respectively, within the meaning of the Head Start Program 
        Performance standards issued under section 641A(a).
            ``(2) Migrant and seasonal head start agency.--The term 
        `migrant and seasonal Head Start agency' means an agency that 
        is funded under this subchapter to provide a migrant and 
        seasonal Head Start program.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 640 of the Head Start Act (42 
U.S.C. 9835) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(6), by striking ``appropriated under 
        this subchapter'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``appropriated under section 639''; and
            (2) in subsection (g)(3)(A)--
                    (A) by striking ``amount appropriated'' each place 
                it appears and inserting ``amount appropriated under 
                section 639'';
                    (B) by striking ``services provided under this 
                subchapter'' and inserting ``services provided under 
                this subchapter (other than section 657C)''; and
                    (C) by striking ``agency under this subchapter'' 
                and inserting ``agency under this subchapter (other 
                than section 657C)''.

TITLE IV--APPROPRIATIONS FOR SUPPORTS AND SERVICES FOR INCLUSIVE CHILD 
       CARE FOR INFANTS, TODDLERS, AND CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

SEC. 401. APPROPRIATIONS FOR SUPPORTS AND SERVICES FOR INCLUSIVE CHILD 
              CARE FOR INFANTS, TODDLERS, AND CHILDREN WITH 
              DISABILITIES.

    There is authorized to be appropriated and there is appropriated 
for each State for each quarter an amount that is equal to 5 percent of 
the payment to such State for such quarter under section 658J of the 
Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858h) to 
be used by--
            (1) the State's lead agency designated or established under 
        section 635(a)(10) of the Individuals with Disabilities 
        Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1435(a)(10)) to provide early 
        intervention services for infants and toddlers with 
        disabilities (as defined in section 632 of the Individuals with 
        Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1432)) and their families 
        in settings that provide high-quality inclusive care to such 
        children; and
            (2) the State to provide services and supports to children 
        with disabilities (as defined in section 658P of the Child Care 
        and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9858n)) in 
        settings that provide high-quality inclusive care to such 
        children.

  TITLE V--MATERNAL, INFANT, AND EARLY CHILDHOOD HOME VISITING PROGRAM

SEC. 501. SENSE OF SENATE.

    It is the sense of the Senate that--
            (1) from the prenatal period to the first day of 
        kindergarten, children's development rapidly progresses at a 
        pace exceeding that of any subsequent stage of life;
            (2) as reported by the National Academy of Sciences in 
        2001, striking disparities exist in what children know and can 
        do that are evident well before they enter kindergarten; these 
        differences are strongly associated with social and economic 
        circumstances, and they are predictive of subsequent academic 
        performance;
            (3) research has consistently demonstrated that investments 
        in high-quality programs that serve infants and toddlers better 
        position those children for success in elementary, secondary, 
        and postsecondary education as well as helping children develop 
        the critical physical, emotional, social, and cognitive skills 
        that they will need for the rest of their lives;
            (4) in 2011, there were 11,000,000 infants and toddlers 
        living in the United States and 49 percent of these children 
        came from low-income families living with incomes at or below 
        200 percent of the Federal poverty guidelines;
            (5) the Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting 
        (MIECHV) program was authorized by Congress to facilitate 
        collaboration and partnership at the Federal, State, and 
        community levels to improve health and development outcomes for 
        at-risk children, including those from low-income families, 
        through evidence-based home visiting programs;
            (6) MIECHV is an evidence-based policy initiative and its 
        authorizing legislation requires that at least 75 percent of 
        funds dedicated to the program must support programs to 
        implement evidence-based home visiting models, which includes 
        the home-based model of Early Head Start;
            (7) in fiscal year 2016, MIECHV served approximately 
        160,000 parents and children, which is only a small portion of 
        those eligible, in 893 counties covering all 50 States, the 
        District of Columbia, and 5 territories; and
            (8) Congress should increase its investment in MIECHV to 
        support the work of States to help more at-risk families 
        voluntarily receive home visits from home visitors to--
                    (A) promote maternal, infant, and child health;
                    (B) improve school readiness and achievement;
                    (C) prevent potential child abuse or neglect and 
                injuries;
                    (D) support family economic self-sufficiency;
                    (E) reduce crime or domestic violence; and
                    (F) improve coordination or referrals for community 
                resources and supports.
                                 <all>