Title: Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act
Policy area: Finance and Financial Sector

Summary:
Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act
This bill directs the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) to collect information from financial institutions and to develop an advisory regarding the reporting of suspicious transactions related to gun violence. Specifically, FinCEN must gather information and develop an advisory related to (1) the procurement of firearms and firearm accessories for the purpose of carrying out lone-wolf acts of terror, and (2) how the U.S. firearms market facilitates gun violence.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5132 Introduced in House (IH)]

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116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 5132

    To require the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network to issue an 
advisory about how homegrown violent extremists and other perpetrators 
of domestic terrorism procure firearms and firearm accessories, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           November 15, 2019

 Ms. Wexton (for herself, Mr. Beyer, Ms. Dean, Mr. Casten of Illinois, 
Mr. Cardenas, Mr. Cuellar, Mr. Connolly, Mr. Hastings, and Ms. Norton) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
                           Financial Services

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
    To require the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network to issue an 
advisory about how homegrown violent extremists and other perpetrators 
of domestic terrorism procure firearms and firearm accessories, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Gun Violence Prevention Through 
Financial Intelligence Act''.

SEC. 2. ADVISORY ON THE PROCUREMENT OF FIREARMS AND FIREARM ACCESSORIES 
              FOR THE PURPOSES OF CARRYING OUT ``LONE WOLF'' ACTS OF 
              TERROR AND ON THE CRIMINAL EXPLOITATION OF THE UNITED 
              STATES FIREARMS MARKET.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Request for information.--The Financial Crimes 
        Enforcement Network shall, not later than one year after the 
        date of the enactment of this section, request information from 
        financial institutions for the purpose of developing an 
        advisory about the identification and reporting of suspicious 
        activity pursuant to section 5318(g) of title 31, United States 
        Code, concerning--
                    (A) activity relating to how homegrown violent 
                extremists and perpetrators of domestic terrorism 
                procure firearms and firearm accessories for the 
                purpose of carrying out ``lone actor'' or ``lone wolf'' 
                acts of terror within the United States; and
                    (B) the ways in which the United States firearms 
                market is exploited to facilitate gun violence in the 
                United States.
            (2) Tailoring.--In requesting information pursuant to 
        paragraph (1), FinCEN shall consider the size of the financial 
        institution from which it is seeking information and tailor the 
        request accordingly.
            (3) Consultation.--Before requesting information pursuant 
        to paragraph (1), FinCEN shall consult, with regard to the 
        nature of such request, with the following:
                    (A) The Director of the Federal Bureau of 
                Investigation.
                    (B) The head of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, 
                Firearms and Explosives at the Department of Justice.
                    (C) Sellers of firearm and firearm accessories.
    (b) Advisory.--
            (1) Sufficient information collected.--If FinCEN determines 
        that the information collected pursuant to subsection (a) is 
        sufficient to develop the advisory described in subsection (a), 
        FinCEN shall issue such advisory not later than 180 days after 
        the conclusion of the 1-year period beginning on the date of 
        the enactment of this section.
            (2) Insufficient information collected.--If FinCEN 
        determines that the information collected pursuant to 
        subsection (a) is not sufficient to develop the advisory 
        described in subsection (a), FinCEN shall, not later than 180 
        days after the conclusion of the 1-year period beginning on the 
        date of the enactment of this section, submit a report to the 
        Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the 
        Senate that describes--
                    (A) the type information that was collected 
                pursuant to subsection (a);
                    (B) the methodology that was used to collect such 
                information;
                    (C) the degree to which financial institutions 
                provided information requested;
                    (D) why such information is not sufficient to 
                develop the advisory described in subsection (a); and
                    (E) any barriers to obtaining the information that 
                is required to develop the advisory described in 
                subsection (a).
    (c) Rulemaking.--FinCEN shall, not later than 3 months after the 
date of the enactment of this section, after consulting with the 
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the head of the 
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives at the Department 
of Justice, define by rule the following terms for the purposes of this 
section:
            (1) Firearm accessory.
            (2) Homegrown violent extremist.
            (3) Lone wolf.
            (4) Lone actor.
    (d) Definitions.--For the purposes of this section:
            (1) Domestic terrorism.--The term ``domestic terrorism'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2331 of title 18, 
        United States Code.
            (2) FinCEN.--The term ``FinCEN'' means the Financial Crimes 
        Enforcement Network.
            (3) Financial institution.--The term ``financial 
        institution'' has the meaning given the term in section 5312(a) 
        of title 31, United States Code.
            (4) Firearm.--The term ``firearm'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 921(a) of title 18, United States Code.
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