Title: Veterans Visa and Protection Act of 2019
Policy area: Armed Forces and National Security

Summary:
This bill provides permanent resident status and citizenship eligibility to certain noncitizen veterans and addresses related issues.
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) must establish a program that allows (1) eligible noncitizen veterans outside of the United States to be admitted as permanent residents, and (2) eligible noncitizen veterans in the United States to obtain permanent resident status.
Generally, an eligible noncitizen veteran under this bill is one who was not removed from the United States for certain crimes related to violence or national security. DHS may waive these eligibility requirements for humanitarian, family unity, public interest, or exceptional military service reasons.
A noncitizen veteran who obtains permanent resident status under this bill shall be eligible for (1) naturalization through service in the Armed Forces, and (2) military and veterans benefits as if they had not been removed (or ordered removed) from the United States.
For a noncitizen veteran in removal proceedings or subject to a final removal order, the Department of Justice (DOJ) must determine whether the veteran is eligible for permanent resident status under this bill. If the veteran is eligible, DOJ must adjust the veteran's status.
The bill also protects noncitizen veterans or service members from being removed from the United States unless the veteran has been convicted of a crime of violence.

[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2098 Introduced in House (IH)]

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116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 2098

 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish a veterans 
 visa program to permit veterans who have been removed from the United 
        States to return as immigrants, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             April 4, 2019

 Mr. Grijalva introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Armed 
   Services, and Veterans' Affairs, for a period to be subsequently 
   determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such 
 provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to establish a veterans 
 visa program to permit veterans who have been removed from the United 
        States to return as immigrants, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Veterans Visa and Protection Act of 
2019''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Armed forces.--The term ``Armed Forces'' has the 
        meaning given the term ``armed forces'' in section 101 of title 
        10, United States Code.
            (2) Crime of violence.--The term ``crime of violence'' 
        means an offense defined in section 16(a) of title 18, United 
        States Code--
                    (A) that is not a purely political offense; and
                    (B) for which a noncitizen has served a term of 
                imprisonment of at least 5 years.
            (3) Eligible veteran.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``eligible veteran'' 
                means a veteran who--
                            (i) is a noncitizen; and
                            (ii) meets the criteria described in 
                        section 3(e).
                    (B) Inclusion.--The term ``eligible veteran'' 
                includes a veteran who--
                            (i) was removed from the United States; or
                            (ii) is abroad and is inadmissible under 
                        section 212(a) of the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)).
            (4) Noncitizen.--The term ``noncitizen'' means an 
        individual who is not a citizen or national of the United 
        States (as defined in section 101(a) of the Immigration and 
        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a))).
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Homeland Security.
            (6) Service member.--The term ``service member'' means an 
        individual who is serving as a member of--
                    (A) a regular or reserve component of the Armed 
                Forces on active duty; or
                    (B) a reserve component of the Armed Forces in an 
                active status.
            (7) Veteran.--The term ``veteran'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 101 of title 38, United States Code.

SEC. 3. RETURN OF ELIGIBLE VETERANS REMOVED FROM THE UNITED STATES; 
              ADJUSTMENT OF STATUS.

    (a) Program for Admission and Adjustment of Status.--Not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary 
shall establish a program and an application procedure that allows--
            (1) eligible veterans outside the United States to be 
        admitted to the United States as noncitizens lawfully admitted 
        for permanent residence (as defined in section 101(a) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)); and
            (2) eligible veterans in the United States to adjust status 
        to that of noncitizens lawfully admitted for permanent 
        residence.
    (b) Veterans Ordered Removed.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, in the case of noncitizen veterans 
        who are the subjects of final orders of removal, including 
        noncitizen veterans who are outside the United States, the 
        Attorney General shall--
                    (A) reopen the removal proceedings of each such 
                noncitizen veteran; and
                    (B) make a determination with respect to whether 
                each such noncitizen veteran is an eligible veteran.
            (2) Rescission of removal order.--In the case of a 
        determination under paragraph (1)(B) that a noncitizen veteran 
        is an eligible veteran, the Attorney General shall--
                    (A) rescind the order of removal;
                    (B) adjust the status of the eligible veteran to 
                that of a noncitizen lawfully admitted for permanent 
                residence; and
                    (C) terminate removal proceedings.
    (c) Veterans in Removal Proceedings.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, in the case of noncitizen veterans, 
        the removal proceedings of whom are pending as of the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall make a 
        determination with respect to whether each such noncitizen 
        veteran is an eligible veteran.
            (2) Termination of proceedings.--In the case of a 
        determination under paragraph (1) that a noncitizen veteran is 
        an eligible veteran, the Attorney General shall--
                    (A) adjust the status of the eligible veteran to 
                that of a noncitizen lawfully admitted for permanent 
                residence; and
                    (B) terminate removal proceedings.
    (d) No Numerical Limitations.--Nothing in this section or in any 
other law may be construed to apply a numerical limitation on the 
number of veterans who may be eligible to receive a benefit under this 
section.
    (e) Eligibility.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding sections 212 and 237 of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182 and 1227) or 
        any other provision of law, a noncitizen veteran shall be 
        eligible to participate in the program established under 
        subsection (a) or for adjustment of status under subsections 
        (b) or (c), as applicable, if the Secretary or the Attorney 
        General, as applicable, determines that the noncitizen 
        veteran--
                    (A) was not removed or ordered removed from the 
                United States based on a conviction for--
                            (i) a crime of violence; or
                            (ii) a crime that endangers the national 
                        security of the United States for which the 
                        noncitizen veteran has served a term of 
                        imprisonment of at least 5 years; and
                    (B) is not inadmissible to, or deportable from, the 
                United States based on a conviction for a crime 
                described in subparagraph (A).
            (2) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the application of 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) for humanitarian purposes;
                    (B) to ensure family unity;
                    (C) based on exceptional service in the Armed 
                Forces; or
                    (D) if a waiver otherwise is in the public 
                interest.

SEC. 4. PROTECTING VETERANS AND SERVICE MEMBERS FROM REMOVAL.

    Notwithstanding section 237 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1227) or any other provision of law, a noncitizen who is a 
veteran or service member may not be removed from the United States 
unless the noncitizen has been convicted for a crime of violence.

SEC. 5. NATURALIZATION THROUGH SERVICE IN THE ARMED FORCES.

    (a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), a noncitizen who has 
obtained the status of a noncitizen lawfully admitted for permanent 
residence pursuant to section 3 shall be eligible for naturalization 
through service in the Armed Forces under sections 328 and 329 of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1439 and 1440).
    (b) Special Rules.--
            (1) Good moral character.--In determining whether a 
        noncitizen described in subsection (a) is a person of good 
        moral character, the Secretary shall disregard the one or more 
        grounds on which the noncitizen was--
                    (A) removed or ordered removed from the United 
                States; or
                    (B) rendered inadmissible to, or deportable from, 
                the United States.
            (2) Periods of absence.--The Secretary shall disregard any 
        period of absence from the United States of a noncitizen 
        described in subsection (a) due to the noncitizen having been 
        removed from, or being inadmissible to, the United States if 
        the noncitizen satisfies the applicable requirement relating to 
        continuous residence or physical presence.

SEC. 6. ACCESS TO MILITARY BENEFITS.

    A noncitizen who has obtained the status of a noncitizen lawfully 
admitted for permanent residence pursuant to section 3 shall be 
eligible for all military and veterans benefits for which the 
noncitizen would have been eligible had the noncitizen not been ordered 
removed from the United States, voluntarily departed the United States, 
or rendered inadmissible to, or deportable from, the United States, as 
applicable.

SEC. 7. IMPLEMENTATION.

    (a) Identification.--The Secretary shall identify noncitizen 
service members and veterans at risk of removal from the United States 
by--
            (1) before initiating a removal proceeding against a 
        noncitizen, asking the noncitizen whether he or she is serving, 
        or has served as a member of--
                    (A) a regular or reserve component of the Armed 
                Forces on active duty; or
                    (B) a reserve component of the Armed Forces in an 
                active status;
            (2) requiring U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 
        personnel to seek supervisory approval before initiating a 
        removal proceeding against a service member or veteran; and
            (3) keeping records of any service member or veteran who 
        has been--
                    (A) the subject of a removal proceeding;
                    (B) detained by the Director of U.S. Immigration 
                and Customs Enforcement; or
                    (C) removed from the United States.
    (b) Record Annotation.--
            (1) In general.--In the case of a noncitizen service member 
        or veteran identified under subsection (a), the Secretary shall 
        annotate all immigration and naturalization records of the 
        Department of Homeland Security relating to the noncitizen--
                    (A) to reflect that the noncitizen is a service 
                member or veteran; and
                    (B) to afford an opportunity to track the outcomes 
                for the noncitizen.
            (2) Contents of annotation.--Each annotation under 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) the branch of military service in which the 
                noncitizen is serving, or has served;
                    (B) whether the noncitizen is serving, or has 
                served, during a period of military hostilities 
                described in section 329 of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1440);
                    (C) the immigration status of the noncitizen on the 
                date of enlistment;
                    (D) whether the noncitizen is serving honorably or 
                was separated under honorable conditions;
                    (E) the ground on which removal of the noncitizen 
                from the United States was sought; and
                    (F) in the case of a noncitizen the removal 
                proceedings of whom were initiated on the basis of a 
                criminal conviction, the crime for which the noncitizen 
                was convicted.

SEC. 8. REGULATIONS.

    Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary shall promulgate regulations to implement this Act.
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