Title: Cyber AIR Act
Policy area: Transportation and Public Works

Summary:
Cybersecurity Standards for Aircraft to Improve Resilience Act of 2019 or the Cyber AIR Act
This bill addresses cyberattacks on aircraft systems and cybersecurity vulnerabilities to the U.S. commercial aviation system.
The Department of Transportation (DOT) must implement regulations to require domestic or foreign air carriers and manufacturers to disclose to the Federal Aviation Administration any attempted or successful cyberattack against any system on board an aircraft or against any maintenance or ground support system for aircraft.
DOT must also incorporate cybersecurity into the requirements for obtaining an air carrier operating certificate or a production certificate.
The Commercial Aviation Communications Safety and Security Leadership Group must (1) evaluate the cybersecurity vulnerabilities of broadband wireless communications equipment designed for consumer use on board aircraft; and (2) require the implementation by air carriers, manufacturers, and communications service providers of security measures it deems necessary to prevent cyberattacks that exploit such equipment.


[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2181 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2181

 To require the disclosure of information relating to cyberattacks on 
    aircraft systems and maintenance and ground support systems for 
aircraft, to identify and address cybersecurity vulnerabilities to the 
   United States commercial aviation system, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             July 18, 2019

 Mr. Markey (for himself and Mr. Blumenthal) introduced the following 
 bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 
                      Science, and Transportation

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To require the disclosure of information relating to cyberattacks on 
    aircraft systems and maintenance and ground support systems for 
aircraft, to identify and address cybersecurity vulnerabilities to the 
   United States commercial aviation system, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Cybersecurity Standards for Aircraft 
to Improve Resilience Act of 2019'' or the ``Cyber AIR Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Covered air carrier.--The term ``covered air carrier'' 
        means an air carrier or a foreign air carrier (as those terms 
        are defined in section 40102 of title 49, United States Code).
            (2) Covered manufacturer.--The term ``covered 
        manufacturer'' means an entity that--
                    (A) manufactures or otherwise produces aircraft and 
                holds a production certificate under section 44704(c) 
                of title 49, United States Code; or
                    (B) manufactures or otherwise produces electronic 
                control, communications, maintenance, or ground support 
                systems for aircraft.
            (3) Cyberattack.--The term ``cyberattack'' means the 
        unauthorized access to aircraft electronic control or 
        communications systems or maintenance or ground support systems 
        for aircraft, either wirelessly or through a wired connection.
            (4) Critical software systems.--The term ``critical 
        software systems'' means software systems that can affect 
        control over the operation of an aircraft.
            (5) Entry point.--The term ``entry point'' means the means 
        by which signals to control a system on board an aircraft or a 
        maintenance or ground support system for aircraft may be sent 
        or received.

SEC. 3. DISCLOSURE OF CYBERATTACKS BY THE AVIATION INDUSTRY.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe 
regulations requiring covered air carriers and covered manufacturers to 
disclose to the Federal Aviation Administration any attempted or 
successful cyberattack on any system on board an aircraft, whether or 
not the system is critical to the safe and secure operation of the 
aircraft, or any maintenance or ground support system for aircraft, 
operated by the air carrier or produced by the manufacturer, as the 
case may be.
    (b) Use of Disclosures by the Federal Aviation Administration.--The 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall use the 
information obtained through disclosures made under subsection (a) to 
improve the regulations required by section 4 and to notify air 
carriers, aircraft manufacturers, and other Federal agencies of 
cybersecurity vulnerabilities in systems on board an aircraft or 
maintenance or ground support systems for aircraft.

SEC. 4. INCORPORATION OF CYBERSECURITY INTO REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR 
              CARRIER OPERATING CERTIFICATES AND PRODUCTION 
              CERTIFICATES.

    (a) Regulations.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the 
Attorney General, the Federal Communications Commission, and the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall prescribe regulations to 
incorporate requirements relating to cybersecurity into the 
requirements for obtaining an air carrier operating certificate or a 
production certificate under chapter 447 of title 49, United States 
Code.
    (b) Requirements.--In prescribing the regulations required by 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            (1) require all entry points to the electronic systems of 
        each aircraft operating in United States airspace and 
        maintenance or ground support systems for such aircraft to be 
        equipped with reasonable measures to protect against 
        cyberattacks, including the use of isolation measures to 
        separate critical software systems from noncritical software 
        systems;
            (2) require the periodic evaluation of the measures 
        described in paragraph (1) for security vulnerabilities using 
        best security practices, including the appropriate application 
        of techniques such as penetration testing, in consultation with 
        the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
        the Attorney General, the Federal Communications Commission, 
        and the Director of National Intelligence; and
            (3) require the measures described in paragraph (1) to be 
        periodically updated based on the results of the evaluations 
        conducted under paragraph (2).

SEC. 5. MANAGING CYBERSECURITY RISKS OF CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS 
              EQUIPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Commercial Aviation Communications Safety and 
Security Leadership Group established by the memorandum of 
understanding between the Department of Transportation and the Federal 
Communications Commission entitled ``Framework for DOT-FCC Coordination 
of Commercial Aviation Communications Safety and Security Issues'' and 
dated January 29, 2016 (in this section known as the ``Leadership 
Group''), shall be responsible for evaluating the cybersecurity 
vulnerabilities of broadband wireless communications equipment designed 
for consumer use on board aircraft operated by covered air carriers 
that is installed before, on, or after, or is proposed to be installed 
on or after, the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Responsibilities.--To address cybersecurity risks arising from 
malicious use of communications technologies on board aircraft operated 
by covered air carriers, the Leadership Group shall--
            (1) ensure the development of effective methods for 
        preventing foreseeable cyberattacks that exploit broadband 
        wireless communications equipment designed for consumer use on 
        board such aircraft; and
            (2) require the implementation by covered air carriers, 
        covered manufacturers, and communications service providers of 
        all technical and operational security measures that are deemed 
        necessary and sufficient by the Leadership Group to prevent 
        cyberattacks described in paragraph (1).
    (c) Report Required.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Leadership Group 
shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of 
the House of Representatives a report on--
            (1) the technical and operational security measures 
        developed to prevent foreseeable cyberattacks that exploit 
        broadband wireless communications equipment designed for 
        consumer use on board aircraft operated by covered air 
        carriers; and
            (2) the steps taken by covered air carriers, covered 
        manufacturers, and communications service providers to 
        implement the measures described in paragraph (1).
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